college and research libraries the printed book catalogue in american libraries: 1723-1900. by jim ranz. (acrl monograph no. 26) chicago: ala, 1964. vii, 144 p. paper. $3. (6417055). the scope of this study is broader than its title suggests; it is actually a concise history of cataloging in the united states to 1900. in fact, this slender volume comes close to being a terse history of american librarianship, thus demonstrating the central role that cataloging has played in library development. the great names in american librarianship of the period are all here, charles c. jewett ("probably the outstanding librarian of the day"), william f. poole, charles a. cutter, melvil dewey, and william i. fletcher, along with many of lesser stature. the contribution of each is told succinctly. although biographical data are kept to a bare minimum, the personalities of these men are still clearly discernable. issued originally in 1960 at the university of illinois as a doctoral dissertation comprising some 332 pages, this work has been effectively abridged to about one-third its original length. although produced inexpensively from typewritten copy, the volume is attractively printed and is free from typographical ,errors. the author's style is brisk, his words are well chosen, and, though a predilection for library history is probably requisite to the choice of this book for sunday afternoon reading, it deserves the attention of every responsible cataloger and library administrator. its ninety-nine pages of text provide the over-all view of the evolution of the dictionary catalog that is essential not only to understand why cataloging is done as it is today, but also as a basis for considering alternatives to current practice. noting the misplaced enthusiasm that greeted such an impractical innovation as the "rudolph indexer" in the early 1890's should give one pause before waxing eloquent over a modern counterpart. the treatment is in part chronological and in part topical, with, a brief initial section on the european cataloging heritage review articles with which our colonial librarians began. the formulation of cataloging rules, the framing of subject headings, the evolvement of corporate entry, and the long debate over the very purpose of a catalog are all treated with remarkable clarity. although not purporting to -trace the development of the card catalog, dr. ranz has, nevertheless, provided the essential historical data on its origin. the natural progression from the preparation of copy for a printed catalog on slips or cards, to the use of these same slips or cards as entries in a catalog arranged in drawers, first for the exclusive use of librarians, then for the public, is related simply and convincingly. during the course of his study, dr. ranz examined some one thousand library catalogs published by american libraries. "the great majority of them," he reports, "were rather poorly done, exhibited few innovations in cataloging techniques, and were frank imitations of the leading library cata. logs of the day." of these one thousand, ranz describes 179 "which, collectively, embody most of the significant developments in printed book catalogs prior to the end of the nineteenth century." this list, filling some fifteen pages, should prove a valuable source to future students of cataloging history. there is also a bibliography of the books and periodical articles that the author found "most useful."-russell e. bidlack, university of michigan. the myth of the britannica. by harvey einbinder. new york: grove press, 1964. 390p. harvey einbinder, a consulting physicist, appears to be a disillusioned young man. until a few years ago he had assumed, as had most people, that whatever he read in the encyclopaedia britannica was accurate and reasonably up-to-date. then one day he discovered that the article on galileo in the 1958 edition of the set still retained the legend of the leaning tower, disproved by cooper more than twenty years before. 432 college and research libraries college and research libraries membership subscription to the society is $6.00 per annum, a fee entitling each individual member to all publications. a l though the gutenberg-festschrift (i.e., volume x x v of the jahrbuch) is being sold for $14.27 in the book trade, it is still possible to acquire it as a part of the relatively modest membership fee for 1949-50. memberships are received by d r . aloys ruppel, director of the society, at rheinalle 3 3/10, mainz, germany (french z o n e ) . — l a w rence s. thompson, university of kentucky libraries. subject cataloging in germany lehrbuch der sachkatalogisierung. von heinrich roloff. leipzig, otto harrassowitz, 1950. xii, h5p. t h e problem of subject cataloging is considerably more complicated in europe than it is in america for the average research library simply because of the age of the holdings and the nature of the cataloging traditions. with a few exceptions, american research libraries began to assume significant proportions only in the latter part of the nineteenth century; and before acquisition rates were stepped up to the present astronomical proportions, widely accepted cataloging codes, classification schemes and subject heading systems had taken hold in america. precisely the opposite is true in europe. moreover, european library systems have never combined attempts to serve scholars as well as the masses, and neither has the european university library ever had to serve undergraduates comparable to ours. roloff, librarian of the deutsche akademie der wissenschaften in berlin, is thus free to describe a multiplicity of practice in this textbook without feeling obligated to set up inflexible standards or condemn apparently clumsy systems which originated in past generations and have been adapted to peculiar institutional needs. he does not offer a "sachkatalogische kodifikation" such as hans trebst demanded in his article, " d e r heutige erkenntnisstand in der formalund in der sachkatalogisierung," zentralblatt fiir bibliothekswesen, l i (1934), 449; but he does present a quite complete survey of current cataloging problems in germany and a number of points of departure for constructive discussion. t h e text is divided into four sections: ( 1 ) historical development of subject cataloging together with definitions and a statement of functions; (2) t h e problems involved in shelving books (formats; shelving in alphabetical order, by numerus currens, by groups, by classification; housing new acquisitions; call numbers); (3) shelf lists in general and for shelving by numerus currens, by groups and in alphabetical order; (4) t h e classed catalog, with discussions of the basis of classification, a description of various classification schemes (with special attention to the basic decimal classification as well as its variants), the logic of form divisions and subdivisions, the shorthand of notation, conspecti (rotuli) and subject indices and classed catalogs as shelflists or as^subject guides independent of shelving systems; and (5) t h e rules for a subject catalog with special attention to the form of the headings, filing and a tentative subject heading code. it is particularly interesting in the latter case to note how many common sense rules for the establishment of new headings transcend linguistic and national differentiation and would seem to be well-nigh universally applicable. for this very reason it is regrettable that roloff did not cite practices in english-speaking countries more extensively. except for the section on the decimal classification little discussion is devoted to routines familiar to us; and of the 85 references in the bibliography, all were printed in europe. on the other hand, this book grew from lectures in a library school and was intended as a textbook for german students of librarianship; and we can only wonder whether anyone doing a similar book in this country would have given equal attention to the european literature of subject cataloging. nevertheless, a similar book is needed in english, and when it is published, it should refer frequently to the european practices described by roloff.—lawrence s. thompson, university of kentucky libraries. 302 college and research libraries college and research libraries marc; user programs and package deals; subject retrieval in u.k. marc; why marc?; rules for alphabetical filing by computer; marc in a special library environment, marc in the current scene; marc and the future in libraries; marc and the national bibliography. the purpose of the seminar was to consider the several facets of marc so that a better evaluation of the relevance of a centrally produced, machine-readable, catalog record can be made, and also so that the designers of the system ( s) can bend it to the requirements more effectively. each paper is tied to the basic acceptance of standardization. this standardization of a cataloging code, a book numbering scheme, and a subject retrieval system, such as a classification scheme, is implicit, perhaps assumed in all presentations. in some instances marc appears to be almost an afterthought, and indeed, several authors acknowledge this. such is the case in the paper on computer filing, subject retrieval and to some extent that of the british national bibliography. but this should not be considered a fault in light of the stated purpose of the seminar; also, the reader can project for himself the impact of marc. there are several aspects of the seminar which appear most refreshing. one of these is the attitude of both the authors and the participants who have apparently assumed that the projects and its problems are cooperative, that the solutions are a national concern, and that only by working through a central organization (in this case bnb) with government support can marc be used effectively. there are few illusions in relation to financial investment. one paper leaves the reader with a vaguely negative feeling, but generally the attitude is one of positivism and imagination, as well as a seemingly clear idea of the task ahead. another refreshing note is provided by the papers themselves. they are short, concise, to the point, and substantive, not only in relation to marc and its characteristics but also to general library problems, e.g.: the card catalog versus the book catalog; doing speedily what does not need to be done at .all; and the varying requirements of libraries. all too often seminar and conrecent publications i 231 ference presentations fall so far short of being either substantive or informative, so that it is truly a work of art to provide both. why is the volume of any use to the american librarian? mr. batty in his discussion supports the preliminary work of marc i and four experimental studies done in the united states, and cautions the british librarian not to minimize it. american librarians can and should learn a great deal from these papers. some of the positive, constructive attitude of our british counterparts is sorely needed. the identification and description of specific problems is well done and would be helpful for librarians planning for marc in the u.s. a very pertinent .analogy is provided by p. r. lewis in his discussion of marc and the future of libraries based on what he labels the "tower crane syndrome." this identifies a prevalent attitude and approach of many american librarians and systems designers which must be avoided. hopefully, the centralized, cooperative answers provided by these papers may filter into the planning and design of american library systems. this small volume is recommended to the library administrator and library school student because of the information it provides, and to the technical service and systems personnel for both the information .and the identification of problems and pitfalls it provides.-ann f. painter, drexel university. introduction to cataloging. vol. 1: descriptive cataloging and an overview of catalogs and cataloging. john j. boll. (mcgraw-hill series in library education) new york: mcgraw-hill, 1970. 400p. $6.95. this text is the first of three volumes which, when used together, form an inb·oduction to cataloging. volume one covers descriptive cataloging, volume two will cover personal name entry headings, and volume three will treat the subject approach to cataloging. these texts are designed for individual study, for extension courses, and as a substitute for formal classroom instruction. volume one is a combination of text il' 232 i college & research libraries • may 1971 lustrations, and exercises, with answers provided in an accompanying answer book. after providing a general discussion of cataloging, types of catalogs, catalog arrangements, and catalogs as compared to bibliographies and indexes, boll attempts to summarize the logic behind cataloging and cataloging rules and to explain and illustrate the most important rules for monographs, cited by rule number, in the anglo-american cataloging rules, north american text. coverage includes card format, punctuation, title statement, author statement, edition statement, imprint, collation, series statement, notes, and a good summa1y which stresses the variations found in cataloging due to individual judgment, local needs, and rules which change with time. exercises reinforce principles and allow the student to test comprehension. the general explanations are basically sound and clear. unfortunately, the text is marred by errors, occasional oversimplifications, and belaboring of the obvious. there are typographical errors and problems for which an answer is incorrect or omitted in the answer book. the desire for clarity often results in a misleading statement such as: "we prepare a catalog by creating a description of, say, a book and then filing multiple copies of that description under entry headings for the names of persons who helped to create its intellectual content (usually this is only one author) and under subject headings for all subjects with which it deals thoroughly." multiple and corporate authorship occur as frequently as single authorship, and catalogers seldom list more than three subject headings for a book. introductory remarks on good study methods are trivial, and the sixty pages devoted to the format of a catalog card are excessive. the problems are neither difficult nor challenging. at a time when many library schools require only one cataloging course of students and when publication and use of nonbook materials is increasing rapidly, a beginning graduate-level course must cover more details of descriptive cataloging than this text does, in spite of boll's assertion that a suitable level of bibliographical precision should not be confused with detail. boll states that the principles of monographic description can be applied to the other forms of material. such application is not as simple for students as he implies, and some exposure to serials and the major nonbook materials is desirable. the oversimplified and narrow coverage stems, in this reviewer's opinion, from the attempt to have one text serve all cataloging students, whether in extension, undergraduate, or graduate courses. the amount of material covered and the degree of difficulty experienced will not be the same for all three levels of instruction. this text is suitable for the first two levels primarily, though instructors might use it as a supplementary text at the graduate level-mrs. nancy l. eaton, catalog librarian, the university of texas, austin. katalog. leo baeck institute, new york. bibliothek und archiv. band i. hrsg. von max kreutzberger unter mitarbeit von irmgard goerg. tubingen: j. c. b. mohr (paul siebeck), 1970. xli, 623p. plates dm 143. (schriftenreihe wissenschaftlicher abhandlungen des leo baeck institute, 22.) it is ironic that the german-jewish community, which produced the father of modern jewish bibliography-the incomparable steinschneider-and which fostered the development of jewish bibliography with the framework of the "wissenschaft des judentums," should have been denied the opportunity of recording its bibliographic history while that community was still alive. the compilation of a gesamtbibliographie of german judaica was long a desideratum of german-jewish scholarship. however, it was not until 1932 that the first substantial effort was made. in that year there appeared the first and only volume of the katalog of the stadtbibliothekfrankfurt am main, edited by aron freimann, and listing the judaica holdings of what was probably the most extensive collection of german judaica at that time. alas, this was but a year before the infamous year of 1933; the rise of the nazis to power in germany heralded the end of german jewry, and, of course, college and research libraries 950 books, the result of an exchange program between the united states and china. since then the collection has grown steadily; as of 1977 it held a total of approximately 430,000 volumes. s. c. hu, who is on the faculty at st. francis college of pennsylvania, has carefully examined the social , cultural, and political forces of sino-american relations that led to the building and development of the collection , as well as the acquisitions policies that have evolved and been implemented and the personnel and financial sources involved . of special interest to bibliophiles and scholars is the detailed account of the collection's holdings of chinese local histories, collectanea, and rare books . based largely upon annual reports and official documents , supplemented with secondary sources and personal interviews, the work provides , in historical perspective, a comprehensive , well-documented, and interesting description of a vernacular-language collection at the library of congress. the primarily expository, rather than comparative , approach that the author has taken leaves the work open to the criticism of a general lack of critical evaluation of its subject. as mentioned above , the collections of chinese local histories , collectanea, and rare books are noted as being strong; but it would have been more useful to indicate how these holdings compare with those in other libraries . what , for example, are the library of congress ' strengths and weaknesses in terms of the holdings of similar material at the harvardyenching library of harvard university and the gest oriental library of princeton university? hu stresses that " the chinese collection in the library of congress contained 1,622 rare items as of 1942" (page 108). by item he means "title ," not "volume. " given that the gest oriental library has 24,024 volumes of ming (1368-1644) editions, not including the pre-ming publications, what is the significance of this figure for the number of the chinese rare books the library of congress owns? elsewhere, hu writes: "speaking of the ming imprints, mention should be made of the _great yung-lo ta-tien, of which the library has 41 volumes, constituting more than 10% of its extant volumes" (page 111) . recent publications i 257 although the yung-lo encyclopedia indeed belongs to the ming period, it seems inaccurate to refer to this handwritten manuscript as an imprint. in general, this volume should probably be recommended as supplemental reading material for students of world library history and chinese studies. it surpasses the amount of information formerly found only in scattered articles and is definitely superior in quality and quantity compared with the japanese counterpart, "a history of the japanese collection in the library of congress, 1874-1941, " which was published in 1970 (senda masso kyoju koki kinen toshokan shiryo ron shu [tenri, japan], pages 281-327).-william s. wong , university of illinois at urbana-champaign. international federation of film archives . cataloging commission. film cataloging. new york: burt franklin, 1979. 174p. $17.95. lc 78-2769. isbn 0-89102-076-4. both experienced and novice film archivists , as well as film librarians , will welcome the international federation of film archives' (fiaf) 1979 publication of their valuable manuscript on film cataloging. fiaf' s cataloging commission views cataloging as a complex task involving the gathering and arranging of data and the creation of a system or systems around which the entire film archive revolves (page 3) . the guide's seven chapters and extensive appendixes offer a wide variety of methods that have been used successfully by film archives throughout the world to catalog their films . topics covered span a broad range of subjects including film cataloging problems and their effects on the entire cataloging process, the strengths and weaknesses of cataloging systems and their application to archival operating conditions, the processes of actual cataloging, and determining which records are important enough to keep. practical recommendations are given for each area. the advisory , rather than prescriptive, method used by the guide enables readers to form their own opinions and adapt appropriate methods to their own institutions . in addition, procedures discussed are followed by examples from at least three fiaf libraries, suggesting the usefulness of each 258 i college and research libraries • may 1980 method. factors readers should consider before implementation of any particular approach are thoroughly explored. concurrently, warnings to avoid excessive detail and to investigate all variables before adopting a procedure are emphasized. while valuable for avoiding expensive, time-consuming errors and for generating new ideas, the book does have drawbacks. this is especially obvious in the chapter on cataloging systems, in which automation is referred to with innumerable warnings. automation in film libraries has increased considerably since 1975. however, while logical, judicious reasons are given for the perpetuation of archaic manual systems, referrals to successful automated systems do not receive ample notice. another problem relates to the audience level for which the book is written. although detailed examples and frequent referrals to original sources are made, a moderate to high degree of reader knowledge about film archives and cataloging is often assumed. one perplexing paragraph opens with the following sentence: "most organizations wish to index subject contents, catalogs, and documents." examples then given are "those operating stockshot services or those with substantial holdings of actuality film" (page 47). closer attention to sentence clarity and inclusion of a glossary of terms would have minimized problems such as these and would have increased the guide's appeal to a wider audience. a final problem relates to the guide's bibliography. while it is extensive, only one addition to the selected bibliography has been made since the manuscript was originally copyrighted in 1975. more up-to-date citations in such rapidly changing areas as automation would be welcome. although extremely important for film librarians, guidelines dealing with the ·unique problems of film cataloging standardization have been rare. as michael gorman points out (in nancy allen's film study collections [ungar, 1979], page 118), cataloging rules such as those in the second edition of the anglo-american cataloguing rules attempt to provide a detailed set of guidelines for standardized cataloging for a wide range of materials. however, these rules have generally been inadequate for many aspects of film cataloging. the fiaf cataloging commission's guidelines are intended exclusively for the cataloging of film stock itself, thus filling an important gap in the cataloging literature. this authoritative book by a reputable source should be highly welcomed by both film archivists and non-archival film librarians alike, all of whom will benefit from following and embellishing upon its suggestions.-jill provan, state university of new york, college at buffalo. mcwilliams, jerry. the preservation and restoration of sound recordings. nashville, tenn.: american assn. for state and local history, 1979. 138p. $8 .95 paper; $7 to aaslh members. lc 79-17173. isbn 0-910050-41-4 . those familiar with the development of the preservation of materials as a distinct specialization within librarianship are aware that, in the not so distant past, a negative attitude surrounded sound recordings. in fact, recordings were often not taken very seriously by librarians, nor were they given the respect accorded to print sources. most certainly this earlier, almost cavalier, regard for the recorded media has now changed. presently a considerable body of material has developed related to the restoration and preservation of sound recordings . mcwilliams' work will be welcomed by librarians and archivists at all levels of the library world as the piece that successfully draws together many of the conclusions·, admonitions, and advice set forth in much of the relatively recent, and at times obscure, sources of literature on the subject. not only does the work have application all the way from the rural public library to the national archives, but it also covers the entire field of sound preservation and restoration in a manner not found in any other single volume. the author has based his book on extensive research at major sound archives in the united states and has been a frequent contributor to professional recording journals and magazines. the book will be seen as a useful and practical handbook of immediate value to those contemplating setting up, maintaining, or improving their library sound recording preservation programs. college and research libraries cataloging cataloging sampler: a comparative and interpretative guide. by laura c. colvin. hamden, conn.: archon books, the shoe string press [ cl963] 368p. $10. this is a guide "developed as a visual reference manual of the cataloging process." it was originally compiled as a manual that students at simmons college library school, where professor colvin is a member of the faculty, have used in their cataloging courses. now it is available to the library profession at large. the sampler includes eleven sections: cataloging control records (involving multiple order forms, serial processing slips, searching slips--primarily from the library of congress operations, michigan and yale-authority cards, official catalog entries, and subject authority cards); the dictionary card catalog (involving all kinds of catalog entries); monograph publications (with references to rules and examples of publications which demonstrate the application of the rules, including european and oriental names); serial publications (including general serials, government serials, and newspapers); publications issued in series (including types of series entries and the variety of approaches in treatment); analytical entries (including monographic publications and serials); works related (abridgments, adaptations, commentaries, etc.); relationships in the card catalog (main and secondary entries and references); works of special type and special collections (theses and dissertations, technical reports, works for the blind); nonbook materials (art photographs and slides, manuscripts, maps, globes, atlases, etc.); and the shelf list (official record, types of en tries, call numbers vs. numerical location vs. location designation, reference works, and shelflisting for branches). in addition, there are eight appendixes dealing with book numbers, library of congress cataloging process case study, branch cataloging (boston public library), classified catalog (boston university), brieflisting catalog (university of california at los angeles), synchronized book processing (wayne county, michigan, library), color band card system for instruction (nonnovember 1963 book) materials (montgomery county public schools, rockville, maryland), and corporate body under successive names (national library of medicine). the work contains a bibliography which lists compilations of sample cards which are used in other library schools-eleven of them. some of these are similar in content to the present work by professor colvin, but none approaches its sweep and scope. the various control records, and the _ materials in the appendixes, as well as a wider range of sarriples, contribute to make this a major reference source of cataloging as well as a useful work for students and practitioners in the field of cataloging. the mere listing of the variety of entries and the treatments provided by catalogers might well raise again a question regarding the complexity of cataloging. professor colvin has shown that it may not be cataloging that is complex, but rather publishing. perhaps this would be a good volume ior publishers as well as administrators and catalogers in libraries to study and ponder. there is little doubt that it should be useful to all library schools, even though they may continue to maintain their own instructional sample cards in connection with particular courses. -maurice f. tauber ) columbia university. ifla libraries in the world; a long-term programme for the international federation of library associations. the hague: martinus nijhoff, 1963. 62p. 4.20 guilders. the growth of the international federation of library associations to include representation from fifty-two countries is a testimony to the increased interest of all libraria,ns in the development of libraries throughout the world. this interest has been reflected in a change not only in the structure of ifla, which now has a permanent secretariat, but also in the attitudes of others towards libraries. the monograph which was developed by many hands but especially by sir frank francis, f. b. g. hutchings, dr. hermann liebaers, and professor l. brummel, who apparently edited it, considers not only the framework and background of ifla, but major problems of 523 such areas of librarianship as developing collections, legal deposit, the growth of libraries, cataloging, union catalogs, the use of materials, rare and precious materials, libraries, types of libraries (public, university, technical university, special, and national), and special s~bjects (buildings, mechanization, international exchange of publications, and copyright problems). in general, the monograph provides an interesting basis on which to consider the extension of library services on a worldwide basis. in the present world struggle for balance, with nuclear war as a persistent possibility, libraries may seem to be somewhat on a low level of importance. the truth of the matter is that only thro\].gh international cooperation on all matters, including library services, can there be developed solutions to many national and international problem~. ifla's program is designed to help libraries extend their services, and to direct attention to steps that may be taken that will be beneficial to libraries as a group.maurice f. tauber, columbia university. italian studies con11egno di studi sulle biblioteche universitarie, 16-17 maggio 1!;60. (pubblicazioni della soprintendenza bibliografica per la campania e la calabria, n.8.) napoli: 1962. 67p. this small collection of papers and recorded discussions is a byproduct of the professional activities of robert vosper in italy during the short period he spent there as a fulbright lecturer from march through may 1960 (see crl 22: 199-210). these papers w.ere presented during a two-day regional conference organized under the auspices of the italian library association (alb) and the local usis in naples. following an introductory statement by dr. guerriera guerrieri, regional chairman of the alb, mr. vosper read the opening paper. after paying due tribute to the great names and wisdom of early italian giants such as panizzi, and some allusions to earlier americanitalian professional exchanges, he swiftly sketched the pattern of growth in american university libraries. his outline of current developments is devoted to three areas of library work, (1) services to students, (2) services for research, and (3) cooperative services. he traces the use of libraries by students from early days in american academic libraries to the recent trend toward undergraduate libraries and completely open shelves. as a disciple of powell, he could not fail to nod in the direction of free reading with the inclusion of competitions for the best student personal library. his review of services to research starts with the growth of the great academic collections and goes on to the usual aids of interlibrary loan and microcopy. this leads naturally to the third subject, cooperation. as a chairman of the farmington plan committee of american research libraries, robert vosper was well qualified to speak on this subject. he ends his paper with comments on national programs designed to coordinate united states resources and suggests that international programs of similar scope cannot be far behind. the second paper, by the director of the university library of naples, presents a lucid picture of the principal academic library organization of italy. vosper's article contains an extensive description of this fairly complex system, so very different from ours. on reading professor lanzara's paper, one feels a most striking contrast between the italian pattern and ours. while the historic development of italian institutions is much different from ours, it still is difficult for us to conceive of the great academic institutions in italy with libraries as poorly supported, staffed, and housed as they are. in fact , however, they differ little from other european libraries, and the same diffuse organization exists in many other non-european countries. one cannot help but be impressed by the obviously high level of intelligence and dignity exhibited in this paper expressing the frustration of able people limited by minimal support and administrative understanding. the third paper, offered by an academic, not a librarian, brings to view a stark picture of the modest level of support assigned to the academic libraries. this paper is thoroughly documented with statistical tables. the professor illuminates the weaknesses of the old and even present systematics of italian academic libraries, deploring the modest level of support they are able to offer 524 college and research libraries college and research libraries 258 i college and research libraries • may 1980 method. factors readers should consider before implementation of any particular approach are thoroughly explored. concurrently, warnings to avoid excessive detail and to investigate all variables before adopting a procedure are emphasized. while valuable for avoiding expensive, time-consuming errors and for generating new ideas, the book does have drawbacks. this is especially obvious in the chapter on cataloging systems, in which automation is referred to with innumerable warnings. automation in film libraries has increased considerably since 1975. however, while logical, judicious reasons are given for the perpetuation of archaic manual systems, referrals to successful automated systems do not receive ample notice. another problem relates to the audience level for which the book is written. although detailed examples and frequent referrals to original sources are made, a moderate to high degree of reader knowledge about film archives and cataloging is often assumed. one perplexing paragraph opens with the following sentence: "most organizations wish to index subject contents, catalogs, and documents." examples then given are "those operating stockshot services or those with substantial holdings of actuality film" (page 47). closer attention to sentence clarity and inclusion of a glossary of terms would have minimized problems such as these and would have increased the guide's appeal to a wider audience. a final problem relates to the guide's bibliography. while it is extensive, only one addition to the selected bibliography has been made since the manuscript was originally copyrighted in 1975. more up-to-date citations in such rapidly changing areas as automation would be welcome. although extremely important for film librarians, guidelines dealing with the ·unique problems of film cataloging standardization have been rare. as michael gorman points out (in nancy allen's film study collections [ungar, 1979], page 118), cataloging rules such as those in the second edition of the anglo-american cataloguing rules attempt to provide a detailed set of guidelines for standardized cataloging for a wide range of materials. however, these rules have generally been inadequate for many aspects of film cataloging. the fiaf cataloging commission's guidelines are intended exclusively for the cataloging of film stock itself, thus filling an important gap in the cataloging literature. this authoritative book by a reputable source should be highly welcomed by both film archivists and non-archival film librarians alike, all of whom will benefit from following and embellishing upon its suggestions.-jill provan, state university of new york, college at buffalo. mcwilliams, jerry. the preservation and restoration of sound recordings. nashville, tenn.: american assn. for state and local history, 1979. 138p. $8 .95 paper; $7 to aaslh members. lc 79-17173. isbn 0-910050-41-4 . those familiar with the development of the preservation of materials as a distinct specialization within librarianship are aware that, in the not so distant past, a negative attitude surrounded sound recordings. in fact, recordings were often not taken very seriously by librarians, nor were they given the respect accorded to print sources. most certainly this earlier, almost cavalier, regard for the recorded media has now changed. presently a considerable body of material has developed related to the restoration and preservation of sound recordings . mcwilliams' work will be welcomed by librarians and archivists at all levels of the library world as the piece that successfully draws together many of the conclusions·, admonitions, and advice set forth in much of the relatively recent, and at times obscure, sources of literature on the subject. not only does the work have application all the way from the rural public library to the national archives, but it also covers the entire field of sound preservation and restoration in a manner not found in any other single volume. the author has based his book on extensive research at major sound archives in the united states and has been a frequent contributor to professional recording journals and magazines. the book will be seen as a useful and practical handbook of immediate value to those contemplating setting up, maintaining, or improving their library sound recording preservation programs. technical considerations are always dis. cussed in lay terminology. those of us who have compassion for the preservation of our collections but have no compassion, or endurance, for reading works that continually bog one down in technical detail will actually have fun reading this book. where there seems to be some point of difference among experts regarding various technical considerations, mcwilliams attempts to bring out both points of view. several points could stand some clarification, however. mcwilliams, in his discussion of disc cleaning, does not note that the use of detergents generally is not recommended for vinyls, as essential oils can be removed from the disc. fotoflo or mild soaps are the preferred cleaning mode. however, detergents or freon is fine for acetates. the discussion of "tails-out" storage for tape is good and presents both pros and cons but neglects a thorough discussion of the preprint and postprint phenomenon. while mcwilliams makes a strong point regarding the use of top-quality cassettes with hand-driven screws it should be noted that sonic sealed cassettes are not necessarily inferior. a bad product can occur with either screws or sonic welds. practical information is given regarding styluses, cartridges, tone arms, and turntables, but a stronger point, perhaps, could have been made regarding the criticalness of cartridge, tone arm, and tracking force matching. in some combinations the maximum force will often cause far less record wear than the minimum force. additional discussion would have been useful in this important area of equipment maintenance. the book is supplemented by excellent pictures, with the final section of the book detailing considerations that should be encompassed within a well-developed preservation policy. shelving, environment, and dedicated equipment considerations are carefully brought forth. finally, a directory of manufacturers and suppliers is given, along with an excellent annotated bibliography. this is a work that every library possessing a tape or record collection should have. even at the latest closing gold prices, it's worth its weight!-edward d . garten, northern state college, aberdeen, south dakota. recent publications i 259 king, alec hyatt. printed music in the british museum: an account of the collections, the catalogues, and their formation, up to 1920. london: clive bingley; new york: k. g. saur, 1979. 210p. $30. isbn 0-85157-287-1. alec hyatt king joined the staff of the british museum in 1934 and was responsible for printed music from 1944 until his retirement in 1976. he wrote a number of important books, about mozart and music printing, during that long period of service, but the volume in hand is his first that concerns the music library itself. it is in fact the first substantial monograph by anyone about any music library-the historical aspect of music librarianship being one of the lacunae in the literature of that young discipline. (most of the relevant bibliography is cited in the articles clustered under "music libraries and collections" in volume 18 of the encyclopedia of library and information science.) the story is intriguing, illuminating, and very well told: intriguing, as a dramatic case study in the universal struggle of music to mcgregor "personalized subscription service" every customer is assigned an experienced ''home office" representative. you correspond direct; any title needs, changes, cancellations or problems can be handled promptly by 1ett1r or phone. this makes your job easier and keeps you abreast of your subscription needs at all times. with over 45 years ~ce. mcgregor has built a reputation of prompt and courteous service on both domestic and international titles. we prepay subscriptions ahead of time. our customers, large and small, like the prompt attention we give them. we think you would tool ask about mcgregor's "automatic renewal" plan described in our new brochure. wrltll today for your free copy. our 47th year mount morris, llllnolsl1054 college and research libraries lorraine williams the shared cataloging program; the importance of being ordered the shared cataloging program at the library of congress attempts to assign top priority to the cataloging of items for which copy has been requested by research libraries. r egrettably the process is slowed considerably by the large number of inaccurate and unrevised citations submitted by participating libraries. care should be taken in research libraries to assure that only accurate references are given, that national bibliography number is included, that the requesting institution is identified, and that orders are typed. examples of bad citations are given. by according top priority to each university order for a current foreign title, from the ordering through the printing process, the library of congress is expending considerable effort to provide research libraries with the cataloging copy they need at the earliest possible moment. it has been less generally recognized that research libraries have a corresponding responsibility for the efficient functioning of the title ii program; that is, the bibliographical screening of all orders forwarded to the library of congress. thus far no coherent policy for the submission of these orders seems to have been devised, and any and every order that might conceivably come within the province of the shared cataloging division is being submitted, regardless of whether the library of congress had undertaken to catalog such material or not. moreover, many submissions have totally inadequate bibliographical identification. this creates unnecessary work miss williams is assistant acquisitions librarian in the cornell university library. 342/ and threatens to impede the speed and efficiency of the program. the following strictures therefore represent an attempt to point out a policy for the screening of foreign orders forwarded to the library of congress for cataloging priority. ideally all such orders should be screened by acquisitions librarians with cataloging experience if duplication and incorrent searching are to be avoided and orders correctly controlled. each order forwarded to the library of congress must, of necessity, be accepted there at face value, .and, if not in stock, ordered; therefore an incorrect order can result in a costly and time-consuming duplicate. as a recent article in library resources & technical services1 points out, however, the growth of new schools and increasing book budgets have resulted in many librarians being assigned to acquisitions work with inadequate training and job experience. the most important and desirable element in an order submitted for cataloging priority is the national bibliography 1 a. dahl-hansen and r. m. dougherty, "acquisitions in 1967," library resources & technical seroices, xii (spring 1968), 182. number, .e.g., au 66-14-192, gdb 66a29-67, gdnb 66-a42-117, b 67-8637, sw 66-a22-4645, ne 67-5. this entails more initial searching than is usually provided presently, but it is a vital identification in the event of any query, and in so comprehensive a collection queries occur with unfortunate frequency. this bibliographical identification enables the searcher to pinpoint and order exactly what is needed from the plethora of available variations; such exact identification ensures speedier cataloging. it would seem to be stating the obvious to say that all requests should be identified with the name of the submitting library (this also applies to all orders to the card division), but many arrive anonymously. it would also seem superfluous to ask that all entries be typewritten; it is surprising how many handwritten orders arrive, the best of which are open to misinterpretation. in the vast files of the library of congress, an error of only one letter can often cause the irretrievable burial of the desired citation, despite sheer genius on the part of the searching staff. for this reason such variants as umlauts should always be spelled out in full. carbon copies must be legible; many unfortunately are not. ideally a standard form should be used for all orders submitted, but this is at best a future development. for the present, serials are specifically excluded from the shared cataloging program; likewise series are omitted, although individual titles are accepted. it is therefore a waste of time and money to submit orders for such items. there must be no ambiguity as to the author, as far as he is ascertainable at the time of ordering. it is awkward and time-consuming for the searcher to be confronted with ""erzaehlt von eugen heberle" as the author; and certainly '"author: roth, eugen, introduction by', and "title: panorama buecher'' leave something to be desired. similarly, a series should not be quoted as the author. shared cataloging program i 343 the following entry, with its duplicate-causing potential, should not have been submitted to the library of congress in this fashion, and yet it was submitted: "'author: luck, george, 1926, ed. title: ovid. tristia." correct bibliographical identification, the result of intensive searching, is essential. at first sight "'author: paulywissowa, august friedrich von. title: der kleine pauly," would seem satisfactory, yet careful searching would have revealed that this is cataloged under title, and a $26.00 duplicate would have been saved. genius, and a superb knowledge of the resources, unravelled the mystery of "author: halbkuegel, nordliche. title: prakaembrium." cataloging scrutiny would have realized the possibility of error in an order submitted as "'author: w.eber, max. title: gedaechtnisschrift der ludwig-maximilians universitaet muenster zur 100. wiederkehr seines geburtstages . ... hrsg. von karl engisch, bernard pfister, johannes winckelmann." scrutiny would also ensure more accurate detail; for example, ''ganzleinen'' is unlikely to be the place of publication. the classic example of a totally incomprehensible order is "title: form 36 -?$ koeln, w estdeutscher verlag redaktion." this was returned to the offender with a large red question mark. as a general rule it seems pointless to submit reprint editions for cataloging priority, when the original has already been cataloged by the library of congress; this principle could be applied to the subsequent editions of many works and reduce, to a substantial extent, the sheer volume of orders handled. the current hood of unrevised orders slows down the operational speed of the shared cataloging program, and intensive screening could reduce this to somewhat more manageable proportions. •• college and research libraries 374 i college & research libraries • july 1980 providing access to information for a fee and that libraries "may find it difficult to compete in ease of use or speed of response unless they become highly effective managers of technology." in the remaining chapters, filled with examples and quotes from the literature and the author's experiences, the manager is alerted to the steps in the planning process (define, analyze, synthesize, evaluate, and iterate); the need to train staff; the political requirements to sell the system of choice; failures and pitfalls of automation; and the manager's role. there is a brief glossary of automation terms, a very selected reading list, and a list of selected sources for automated products and services. the guide is very general, organized like a handy shopping list of topics with a brief description or list of things ta remember under each. there are shortcomings, however, which must be noted. first, the inevitable complexities, alternatives, and combinations in automation decision making are lost in the effort to simplify, list, and report in a telegraphic style. for example, the possibilities of combining lmprovedf vlsi·tape period leal lallellne a revolutionary system that allows quick visual review of shelved periodicals. simply apply this pressure sensitive tape to publications in their order of issue. fast, inexpensive, efficient. one of hundreds of bright new products in the newest highsmith catalog . send for your free copy. rlehsmlth p.o. 25 cr9 ft . atkinson , wi 53538 minicomputer applications with network use or in-house systems are not addressed in favor of discussing each as discrete options. second, the discussion of the management process is so abbreviated as to leave the novice unsure of what to do, especially in the requirements and problem definition phase. third, the information about current vendors and services will become outdated quickly, given the rapid pace of development. fourth, the guide frequently advises using consultants because library managers cannot, should not, or do not master some of the complexities involved in automation decisions or implementation. the reviewer appreciates the role of consultants but suggests that library managers are appropriately becoming increasingly sophisticated consumers and managers of technology and should be encouraged to continue in this direction. the appropriate audience for the guide is the inexperienced librarian/manager or the interested nonlibrarian. others will find it incomplete and less useful-eleanor montague, university of california, riverside. the nature and future of the catalog: proceedings of the ala's information science and automation division's 1975 and 1977 institutes on the catalog. edited by maurice j. freedman and s. michael malinconico. a neal-schuman professional book. phoenix, ariz.: oryx, 1979. 317p. $16.50 (plus $. 95 for postage and handling). lc 79-21629. isbn 0-91270008-4. malinconico, s. michael, and fasana, · paul j. the future of the catalog: the library's choices. the professional librarian series. white plains, n.y.: knowledge industry publications, 1979. 134p. $24.50. lc 79-16619. isbn 0-91423632-6. libraries today are faced with two momentous prospects for 1981-the closing of the library of congress catalog and the adoption of the anglo-american cataloguing rules, second edition. consequently, librarians must decide whether or not to close their own catalogs in order to adjust to these changes. such decisions are made on the basis of information, primarily in the form of conferences, journal articles, and books. two of the newest sources for librarians are the nature and future of the catalog and the future of the catalog: the library's choices. the nature and future of the catalog contains the edited proceedings of two american library association-sponsored conferences: "the catalog: its nature and prospects" (1975) and · "the catalog in the age of technological change" (1977). these papers are especially valuabie to readers in that they represent the thoughts of eminent individuals in the field of cataloging, including seymour lubetzky, joan k. marshall, frederick g. kilgour, sanford berman, and michael gorman. the work is further enhanced by transcripts of audience discussion appended to each presentation . one can therefore, according to the editors, "relive with some degree of verisimilitude the excitement and stimulation created by these institutes and such colloquies as the kilgour-lubetzky exchange" (p.vii). the subject for the 1975 conference is "the catalog: its nature and prospect"-its past, present, and possible future. the highlights of the conference were talks by lubetzky, marshall, and kilgour. lubetzky' s "ideology of bibliographic cataloging: progression and retrogression" is a description of past and present cataloging theories and their conflict with the first edition of aacr. marshall's paper, "the catalog in the world around it," deals with library of congress subject headings and how they conflict with the needs of nonresearch library users; -many headings were found to be misleading and outdated. kilgour describes the format and use of the automated catalog in the "design of online catalogs." other papers represent a wide range of interests from public to research libraries: s. michael malinconico's "the library catalog in a computerized environment," william j. welsh's "the continuing role of the library of congress in national bibliographic control," marvin h. scilkin' s "the catalog as a public service tool," hugh c. atkinson's "the electronic catalog, .. and kenneth bierman's "the future of the catalog in north american libraries." although these lectures took place five recent publications i 315 years ago and precede such developments as aacr 2, the research libraries information network, and the closing of the library of congress catalog, they remain timely and recommended reading. the central theme for the 1977 conference, · "the catalog in the age of technological change," is the impact of the new technology on cataloging. a substantial number of the papers are devoted to aacr 2: john d. byrum, \jr., and frances hinton's "the newest anglo-american cataloging rules," a history and brief summary of the new rules ; phyllis a. richmond's "the aacr, second edition, what next?" a discussion of the implications of the new code; bernadine e. abbott hoduskf s "a critique of the draft aacr, 2nd edition: impact of the rules on documents cataloging, .. a treatise on the effect of aacr 2 on government documents cataloging; and jean riddle weihs' "problems and prospects in nonbook cataloging," a description of the effect of aacr 2 on cataloging of audiovisual materials. additional papers presented are gorman's "cataloging and the new technologies," a study of the impact of automation on cataloging services; lubetzky' s "the traditional ideas of cataloging and the new revision," an analysis of isbd versus charles cutter's idea of the catalog; joseph h. howard's "the library of congress as the national bibliographic service, .. the effect of the library of congress' policies on the nation's libraries; berman's "cataloging for public libraries," a treatment of the cataloging interests of public libraries; and anne grodzins lipow' s "the catalog in a research library and alternatives to it," a study of the catalog and research library patrons. those deciding what alternative catalog form to use may consult the future of the catalog: the library's choices, a readable though slightly overpriced book. the work, which can serve as an introductory text, presents an overview of the catalog and the effect of automation on cataloging. each chapter is well documented, and a five-page bibliography appears at the end of the book. the work is divided into six sections in addition to an epilogue and introduction: "traditional catalog forms, .. "machinereadable cataloging data," "computer376 i college & research libraries • july 1980 supported catalogs," "on-line interactive catalogs," "comparison of catalog alternatives," and "implementation of catalog alternatives." "traditional · catalog forms" is an analysis of the catalog's objectives, treating theories of lubetzky, charles jewett, charles cutter, and thomas hyde, plus a discussion of the advantages and disadvantages of traditional catalog forms. "machine-readable cataloging data" describes the library of congress marc format, isbd, authority control, and the major networks, oclc, rlin, and wln. "computer-supported catalogs" deals with alternative catalog forms such as the automated book form catalog system, printed book catalogs, and com catalogs. "on-line interactive catalogs" is a study of the automated catalog and how it may be accessed. "comparison of alternative catalog forms" and "implementation of catalog alternatives" present the problems involved when a library closes its catalog and chooses alternative forms. an especially valuable aid is a hypothetical cost analysis for each catalog form. the nature and future of the catalog and the future of the catalog furnish librarians with needed information on how to manage the coming changes in catalog formats. tha volumes complement each other, offering different points of emphasis to readers. it should be stressed, however, that these works only scratch the surface in regard to the catalog's future. librarians are advised to make a thorough study of the literature available. nevertheless, both volumes are recommended for purchase by libraries. they will be useful additions to a much needed collection on the future of the catalog.-lucy t. heckman, st. john's university, jamaica, new york. saffady, william. "the economics of online bibliographic searching: costs and cost justifications," library technology reports 15:567-653 (sept.-oct. 1979). single issue $40. issn 0024-2586. (available from american library assn., 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60(>11.) the first, and longest, section of this report lays out the cost components of an on-line search service in a library and, by making some not unreasonable assumptions about volume of traffic, salaries, and overhead, etc., attempts to build up a model of the true and complete costs per search. the second section uses concepts from value engineering to give an overview of the main arguments that can be employed to justify those costs.either the on-line service must produce greater efficiency compared to the same task (bibliographic searching by librarians) performed in the old way, or it must be justified by its provision of added value, in the form of enhanced library service to patrons. the report deliberately does not address the question of how the costs of on-line services might be met (the fee-for-service issue). to juxtapose the costs of an on-line search against the costs of a manual search is, of course, to enter dangerous waters. first, a regular search service encompassing from 250 to 1,000 manual searches per year was not a feature of life in most librariesnot even in most libraries which did adopt on-line services when they came upon the scene. and, second, when performed at all, such a manual bibliographic searching service was not often rigorously accounted for. thus, even though saffady is careful to use the same assumptions for costing out a manual operation as he does for the computerized version, his model inevitably starts to sound somewhat artificial. however, this is more a reproach to traditional library accounting practices than to the author's determination to pursue his comparison to a logically consistent conclusion. not surprisingly, the on-line search is shown to be less expensive than its manual equivalent would have been-between 37 and 42 percent, on average. as long as such figures are used only as ratios, for comparison against each other, they are unexceptionable, although minor discrepancies might be argued over. when the author attempts to use the on-line cost figures as real numbers, to be compared against the real cost of subscriptions to printed periodical indexes, then it seems to me the methodology becomes questionable. appendix c is presented as a type of decision table, based upon dividing the annual printed subscription cost by the cost of an on-line search, to yield an approximate number of uses per year below which the college and research libraries cataloging cataloging sampler: a comparative and interpretative guide. by laura c. colvin. hamden, conn.: archon books, the shoe string press [ cl963] 368p. $10. this is a guide "developed as a visual reference manual of the cataloging process." it was originally compiled as a manual that students at simmons college library school, where professor colvin is a member of the faculty, have used in their cataloging courses. now it is available to the library profession at large. the sampler includes eleven sections: cataloging control records (involving multiple order forms, serial processing slips, searching slips--primarily from the library of congress operations, michigan and yale-authority cards, official catalog entries, and subject authority cards); the dictionary card catalog (involving all kinds of catalog entries); monograph publications (with references to rules and examples of publications which demonstrate the application of the rules, including european and oriental names); serial publications (including general serials, government serials, and newspapers); publications issued in series (including types of series entries and the variety of approaches in treatment); analytical entries (including monographic publications and serials); works related (abridgments, adaptations, commentaries, etc.); relationships in the card catalog (main and secondary entries and references); works of special type and special collections (theses and dissertations, technical reports, works for the blind); nonbook materials (art photographs and slides, manuscripts, maps, globes, atlases, etc.); and the shelf list (official record, types of en tries, call numbers vs. numerical location vs. location designation, reference works, and shelflisting for branches). in addition, there are eight appendixes dealing with book numbers, library of congress cataloging process case study, branch cataloging (boston public library), classified catalog (boston university), brieflisting catalog (university of california at los angeles), synchronized book processing (wayne county, michigan, library), color band card system for instruction (nonnovember 1963 book) materials (montgomery county public schools, rockville, maryland), and corporate body under successive names (national library of medicine). the work contains a bibliography which lists compilations of sample cards which are used in other library schools-eleven of them. some of these are similar in content to the present work by professor colvin, but none approaches its sweep and scope. the various control records, and the _ materials in the appendixes, as well as a wider range of sarriples, contribute to make this a major reference source of cataloging as well as a useful work for students and practitioners in the field of cataloging. the mere listing of the variety of entries and the treatments provided by catalogers might well raise again a question regarding the complexity of cataloging. professor colvin has shown that it may not be cataloging that is complex, but rather publishing. perhaps this would be a good volume ior publishers as well as administrators and catalogers in libraries to study and ponder. there is little doubt that it should be useful to all library schools, even though they may continue to maintain their own instructional sample cards in connection with particular courses. -maurice f. tauber ) columbia university. ifla libraries in the world; a long-term programme for the international federation of library associations. the hague: martinus nijhoff, 1963. 62p. 4.20 guilders. the growth of the international federation of library associations to include representation from fifty-two countries is a testimony to the increased interest of all libraria,ns in the development of libraries throughout the world. this interest has been reflected in a change not only in the structure of ifla, which now has a permanent secretariat, but also in the attitudes of others towards libraries. the monograph which was developed by many hands but especially by sir frank francis, f. b. g. hutchings, dr. hermann liebaers, and professor l. brummel, who apparently edited it, considers not only the framework and background of ifla, but major problems of 523 college and research libraries another compromise with the desirable is that the circulation file contains cards, not only for all books on loan, but also for books not yet due which have already been returned. the file is of value for reference only after the shelves and all possible way stations for newly returned books have been checked. despite these limitations, the brooklyn college system is probably the most effective mechanized system devised for a medium sized university or college library situation. it is certainly not the ultimate, and newer technological developments will in time reduce the compromises between expediency and desirability. perhaps the ultimate system can achieve the advantages of the former book card systems, using simpler procedures and requiring the borrower to write nothing. -ralph h. parker, university of missouri library. cataloging-in-source the cataloging-in-source experiment; a report to the librarian of congress by the director of the processing department. washington, library of congress, 1960. xxiv, 199 p. this well-organized, well-written document will surely earn a permanent place on the shelves of most libraries throughout the country and undoubtedly in a good many of the large foreign libraries. it makes one wish that it had been printed instead of duplicated by offset lithography, as it may very well stand for a good many years as the record of the second major, unsucessful attempt to print full cataloging information in books. this is not a progress report, but the final statement by the library of congress on an experiment which led to the conclusion that cataloging-in-source should not be continued-at least as presently conceived. l. quincy mumford, librarian of congress, describes the experiment in the preface in this way: "the immediate purpose of the experiment was to test once more, under modern conditions, the feasibility of a proposal which was first advanced, and tested, during the 1870's and 1880's. the presentnovember 1960 day phase of the proposal, denominated as "cataloging-in-source," envisaged the printing by publishers in their current publications of facsimiles of library of congress cards. this would be made possible by having the library of congress catalog these titles in advance of publication from page proofs and data sheets supplied by the publishers." after stating that the experiment proved that it is possible for the library of congress to catalog some books from page proofs before they are published, that it is possible for a selected number of publishers to print catalog entries in a considerable number of their publications, and that a representative group of libraries would wel· come having cataloging information printed in the books, mr. mumford goes on to say: "the underlying purpose of the experiment, however, was to ascertain whether a permanent, full-scale program of cataloging-insource could be justified in terms of financing, technical considerations, and utility. as regards this, the answer must be a regretful negative." the two basic problems tested were: (1) the financial and technical probler:ns and the practicability of the proposal from the viewpoint of the library of congress and the publishers, and (2) what actual use could libraries and other consumers make of the catalog entries appearing in the publications. among the reasons given for the decision, the rna jor determining factors were: (1) the very high cost to both the publishers and the library of congress, (2) the disruptions of publishing schedules, (3) the high degree of unreliability of catalog entries based on texts not in their final form, and (4) the difficulty libraries would have in using this unreliable information and adapting it to their individual requirements. the criticisms to cataloging-in-source that are reported are very interesting to note. some of the major ones are: ( l) en try of a book under the original author when published as the original author's work but largely rewritten by an editor, (2) entry under the first named author when the editors consider a later-named author as being principally responsible, (3) the publishers' strong objections to real name entries for pseudonymous works (and none were printed in the books that way), (4) the authors' objection to the use of their birthdates in the headings, (5) even the 493 catalogers found the work "unrewarding and taxing" because of the inevitable inaccuracies in the cataloging and the rushing pressure. of the cataloging entries printed 48 % had some discrepancy with the book as published. the cataloging-in-source experiment was begun in may 1958. many publishers of varying sizes and types were contacted; 157 of them were willing and able to cooperate and sent in proof for cataloging. the goal was to catalog 1,000 titles, and by the end of february 1959, 1,203 publications had been cataloged by the library of congress, 100 of which were cataloged cooperatively by the · department of agriculture library. after the cataloging phase more than 200 libraries were visited by the consumer reaction team. consumer reaction was sought from libraries of various sizes and degrees of specialization. this report is very complete in including all of the procedures followed. this does not have to detract from the ease of reading it by those who wish to skim over these details. however, if anyone has difficulty in understanding the complications of the special cataloging routines involved for the library of congress, let him be sure to read pp. 5-7 where the basic routines are outlined. the make-up of the report involves first twentyfour pages of introductory remarks and acknowledgements-including a chronology of events. then follows the main text for ninety-nine pages. here the experiment is described step by step along with the library of congress' viewpoint, the publishers' experience and attitude, the report on the consumer reaction survey, the report of the ala cataloging policy and research committee, as well as the final considerations and possible alternatives. the rest of the report is taken up with fourteen appendixes which include among others: samples from a similar experiment in the late nineteenth century, the forms, procedures, and other material sent to the publishers, the report on cataloging-in-source in the department of agriculture library, the tables of statistics that were accumulated, the libraries that were visited during the consumer reaction survey and the questionnaire used, and even a bibliography entitled "a chronological description of the more important published accounts of the experiment." the library world is grateful to the coun494 cil on liprary resources, inc. for the grants which made this experiment possible, to the publishers who cooperated in it, and to the library qf congress for carrying it out. this fine report records in one convenient place all that has been involved in the experiment, the results, the conclusions drawn, and the possible future alternatives. librarians everywhere will certainly want to read it.-kenneth w. sod erland, university of chicago library. studies in microforms production of micro -forms. by reginald hawkins. (the state of the library art, edited by ralph r. shaw, vol. 5, pt. 1.) new brunswick, n. j.: rutgers university press, 1960. 208p. $5.00. reading devices for micro-ima ges. by jean stewart and others. (the state of the library art, edited by ralph r. shaw, vol. 5, pt. 2.) new brunswick, n.j.: rutgers university press, 1960. 205p. $5.00. these two volumes are the first to appear out of the rutgers project on "targets for research in library work" sponsored by a grant from the council on library resources, and directed by ralph r. shaw. part three on the "production of full-size copies," due shortly, will complete the portion devoted to "reproduction of materials." the purpose of these volumes is to show what has been done in the past, evaluate those previous studies, and point out directions for future work. the arrangement of materials is somewhat different in each book. hawkins starts out with the review of what has been written on the production pf microforms. this covers the history of microcopying, equipment in general, types and characteristics of microcopies, quality factors, production costs, and storage. this 149-page review is based on a list of some 439 references. it is followed by a thirteen · page summary and suggestions for future study. hawkins lays out five research projects ranging from a study to determine which types of microforms are necessary to one on information retrieval based on microforms. college and research libraries college and research libraries 490 i college & research libraries • november 1973 liberate attempt to exclude materials that have appeared in recently published collections." for a teacher or student of technical services to use a reader of this nature effectively, it must contain all outstanding pertinent materials no matter where else they have appeared nor how recently. this approach, then, makes the volume less useful as a text but important as a supplementary resource. mr. applebaum has done an admirable job in presenting the historical perspective to the basic problems which are facing us in technical services today. the discussions on cooperative cataloging and dewey's classification system, at the first conference of the american library association in 1876 and the presentation and discussion of cataloging at the london conference of librarians in 1877, are classics. the remainder of the volume covers the areas of acquisitions; bibliographic control; cooperative and centralized processing endeavors; and future prospects. who would be better than mr. applebaum to select outstanding articles in the area of acquisitions, from policies to blanket-order plans, from administration to futtue trends? articles by metcalf, downs, veaner, and the excellent symposium chaired by perry morrison are good examples . the section on bibliographic control is less cohesive. certainly all articles included are important ones but perhaps not all should be included here. for instance the introduction to the anglo-american cataloging rules must have been read at least once, if not a dozen times, by all students of cataloging-probably all have their own copies-and the articles on serials by clara brown, delightful as it is, doesn't really seem to fit into the sequence. otherwise it contains a good representation of articles on bibliographic control of monographs and serials. one previously unpublished article on "book catalogs" by scott allison, is a very good state-of-the-art paper. classic pieces such as the one by w. w. bishop, as well as current deliberations such as the ones on the national serials data program, are valuable items for discussion. cooperative and centralized processing is an area with which mr. applebaum has been very intimately involved for several years and has used his expertise in bringing together a chronology of developments on this subject. the final section deals almost exclusively with marc and its national and international implications-those being the solving of some important problems in technical services. particular criticism could be leveled at the volume for the exclusion of any discussion on nonprint materials, their acquisition, storage, and accessibility.-robert d. stuearl, graduate school of librarianship, u niversity of denver~ colorado. !~pope, s. elspeth. the time-lag in cataloging. metuchen, n.j.: scarecrow press, 1973.209 p. this book is the result of the author's doctoral dissertation at the university of pittsburgh. it is primarily concerned with the attempts made by the library of congress and american publishers over a long period of time to bring books and catalog copy together quickly. these efforts culminated finally in the cataloging-in-source program ( 1958-59) and its reincarnation in the cataloging-in-publication program ( 1971). the aims of the study were ( 1) to discover whether the various programs at the library of congress were sufficient to decrease the time-lag in cataloging, and ( 2) whether it is possible for the library of congress to accept bibliographical data as provided by publisher's catalogs. to answer the first question, a statistical sample of 5 percent of american trade publications in 1969 was taken from the n ational union catalog. the selected entries were checked against the time of their appearance in copyright office records, library of congress cards, marc tape input, and publisher's weekly. programs were designed and data fed to a computer. the results were compared to an earlier study done by roger greer in 1961, and it was found that, in spite of the various attempts which had been made by the library of congress to expedite the cataloging of books, the time needed to get cataloging information had in fact increased. the full details of the greer study, an unpublished doctoral dissertation, are not given, so it is difficult to assess the validity of the comparison. however, taking only pope's work into consideration, the median time for catalog copy to appear in 1969 was ninetyone days. whether or not the time-lag has increased since 1961, this would still make it difficult for a library to decide whether to wait for lc copy or do original cataloging. in fact, pope concludes at this point that the library of congress is incapable of closing the time gap. in regard to the second question, a comparison was made between entries as they appeared in prepublication sales catalogs and subsequent library of congress entries. the agreement between the two on most items was remarkably high, and the one item which showed the most discrepancy, the collation statement, is not even presently included in the cip record. it is in this area that pope has the most to contribute. elsewhere in the book it is pointed out that delays in producing catalog copy result from a book being "cataloged" many times -by the publisher, by the copyright office, by the library of congress, and by individual libraries. pope feels that, in as much as the library of congress is willing to accept intact cataloging provided by foreign countries, it should also be willing to accept cataloging by publishers. this would be more likely to happen if a mutually acceptable manual of bibliographic description were to be adopted. as of this review, the cip project has yet to be fully evaluated, although there are indications that it is becoming more viable. this is shown by the fact that slightly more than 50 percent of the american book publishing output is represented. if publishers find it worth their while to cooperate, and if libraries across the country are willing to accept cip copy, then this book will simply be a record of past failures. nevertheless, pope's extensive research forms a basis for any future studies in this area.-dianne ]. ellsworth, university of connecticut, storrs, connecticut. j-the university-the library. papers presented by samuel rothstein, richard blackwell, archibald macleish at york university, toronto, on the occasion of the dedication of the scott library, 30 october, 1971. oxford: shakespeare head press, 1972. 62 p. recent publications i 491 this slender, impeccably printed volume contains, in addition to the essays by the three authors mentioned in the title, a preface and introduction by thomas f. o'connell, and brief biographical sketches of the three authors who were recipients of honorary degrees at the colloquy. dedication of a new library building is a highly important affair in an institution of learning, and perhaps even more so at york university, because of its comparative youthfulness and rapidity of growth-both in student enrollment and in library resources. the three chief participants in the dedication represented different but allied professions. they addressed themselves to the topic: "the u niveristy-the library." samuel rothstein, library educator, sketched briefly some of the academic and curricular changes of the last century in higher education, which have led to the rise of a trained, service-directed class of professionals in modem libraries. richard blackwell spoke of the close dependence existing between librarian and bookseller, drawing with charm and discernment upon his experiences with the firm of b. h. blackwell. archibald macleish, poet, was concerned with the importance of a book collection as more than a mere institutional statistic. one paragraph quoted from his remarks may suffice to indicate his affirmations in the essay, "the premise of meaning": for the existence of a library, the fact of its existence, is, in itself and of itself, an assertion-a proposition nailed like luther's to the door of time. by standing where it does at the centre of the university-which is to say at the centre of our intellectual lives-with its books in a certain order on its shelves and its cards in a certain structure in their cases, the true library asserts that there is indeed a "mystery of things." or, more precisely, it asserts that the reason why the «things" compose a mystery is that they seem to mean: that they fall, when gathered together, into a kind of relationship, a kind of wholeness, as though all these different and dissimilar reports, these bits and pieces of experience, manuscripts in bottles, messages from long before, from deep within from miles beyond, belonged together and might, if understood together, college and research libraries catalogers found the work "unrewarding and taxing" because of the inevitable inaccuracies in the cataloging and the rushing pressure. of the cataloging entries printed 48 % had some discrepancy with the book as published. the cataloging-in-source experiment was begun in may 1958. many publishers of varying sizes and types were contacted; 157 of them were willing and able to cooperate and sent in proof for cataloging. the goal was to catalog 1,000 titles, and by the end of february 1959, 1,203 publications had been cataloged by the library of congress, 100 of which were cataloged cooperatively by the · department of agriculture library. after the cataloging phase more than 200 libraries were visited by the consumer reaction team. consumer reaction was sought from libraries of various sizes and degrees of specialization. this report is very complete in including all of the procedures followed. this does not have to detract from the ease of reading it by those who wish to skim over these details. however, if anyone has difficulty in understanding the complications of the special cataloging routines involved for the library of congress, let him be sure to read pp. 5-7 where the basic routines are outlined. the make-up of the report involves first twentyfour pages of introductory remarks and acknowledgements-including a chronology of events. then follows the main text for ninety-nine pages. here the experiment is described step by step along with the library of congress' viewpoint, the publishers' experience and attitude, the report on the consumer reaction survey, the report of the ala cataloging policy and research committee, as well as the final considerations and possible alternatives. the rest of the report is taken up with fourteen appendixes which include among others: samples from a similar experiment in the late nineteenth century, the forms, procedures, and other material sent to the publishers, the report on cataloging-in-source in the department of agriculture library, the tables of statistics that were accumulated, the libraries that were visited during the consumer reaction survey and the questionnaire used, and even a bibliography entitled "a chronological description of the more important published accounts of the experiment." the library world is grateful to the coun494 cil on liprary resources, inc. for the grants which made this experiment possible, to the publishers who cooperated in it, and to the library qf congress for carrying it out. this fine report records in one convenient place all that has been involved in the experiment, the results, the conclusions drawn, and the possible future alternatives. librarians everywhere will certainly want to read it.-kenneth w. sod erland, university of chicago library. studies in microforms production of micro -forms. by reginald hawkins. (the state of the library art, edited by ralph r. shaw, vol. 5, pt. 1.) new brunswick, n. j.: rutgers university press, 1960. 208p. $5.00. reading devices for micro-ima ges. by jean stewart and others. (the state of the library art, edited by ralph r. shaw, vol. 5, pt. 2.) new brunswick, n.j.: rutgers university press, 1960. 205p. $5.00. these two volumes are the first to appear out of the rutgers project on "targets for research in library work" sponsored by a grant from the council on library resources, and directed by ralph r. shaw. part three on the "production of full-size copies," due shortly, will complete the portion devoted to "reproduction of materials." the purpose of these volumes is to show what has been done in the past, evaluate those previous studies, and point out directions for future work. the arrangement of materials is somewhat different in each book. hawkins starts out with the review of what has been written on the production pf microforms. this covers the history of microcopying, equipment in general, types and characteristics of microcopies, quality factors, production costs, and storage. this 149-page review is based on a list of some 439 references. it is followed by a thirteen · page summary and suggestions for future study. hawkins lays out five research projects ranging from a study to determine which types of microforms are necessary to one on information retrieval based on microforms. college and research libraries in miss stewart's book, the summary and evaluation come at the beginning, and the review is broken into two parts. the first part, which is chronologically arranged, takes up ninety-four pages and is based on some 284 references. the second part, a topical summary, takes sixty-seven pages to list some forty-two features by which the reading machines are classified. these range from cost of the equipment, through the various optical and mechanical features, to end with use costs. the chief value of these two volumes lies in their chapters of recommendations and their bibliographies. the former will be fertile fields for doctoral candidates looking for subjects for dissertations. they will also be used by industry to help lay out research projects on present and future equipment. the two bibliographies bring together just about all that one could find in this field up to 1957. i suspect that many students will be shuffling these lists into manifold arrangements for some time to come. the outstanding shortcoming of both books lies in the lack of illustrations. the descriptions of equipment and techniques cry for pictures and diagrams. the evaluation of equipment and processes in both books is somewhat undescriminating. there is little weight given as to who made what judgment when. there are surprisingly few errors when one considers what a wide range of time and subject matter is covered. one that will amuse those who know him is the appearance of frank and frederic luther, both writing about dagron. library trends, viii (1960), no. 1 (photoduplication in libraries. edited by james e. skipper.) photoduplication has been the subject of single articles appearing in four previous issues of library trends. now it has an issue of its own. of the ten papers presented here, seven are on the administrative aspects and three on the technological phases of the field. of an administrative nature are: lester k. born, "history of microform activity"; lawrence s. thompson, "microforms as library resources"; john a. riggs, "the state of microtext publications"; george a. schwegmann, jr., "the bibliographical control of microforms"; h . gordon bechanan, "the november 1960 organization of microforms in the library"; robert e. kingery, · "copying methods as applied to library operations"; miles 0. price, "photocopying by libraries and copyright: a precis." of greater interest to the technologists in the field are: robert h. muller, "policy questions relating to library photoduplication laboratories"; charles g. la hood, jr. , "microfilm as used in reproduction and transmission systems"; peter scott, "advances and goals in microphotography." this issue is recommended reading for all who are interested in microfilming. librarians responsible for organizing microform reading rooms will benefit by bechanan's report on harvard's progress in this line. heads of library photoduplication laboratories will be thankful to muller for his survey of their problems. commercial microphotographic agencies about to embark on projects aimed at libraries would do well to study the articles by thompson, riggs, and schwegmann. this issue will be on library school reading lists for some time to come. microt exts as media for publication: the papers and discussion of a symposium held at hatfield technical college on the loth november 1959 ... hatfield, herts., england: hertfordshire county council, 1960. 87p. 9s. hatfield is located twenty miles north of london (about as far from its center as scarsdale is from times square) and is the source of an increasing number of important publications on photoduplication. in january 1958 a symposium on microtexts and microrecording was held, and its papers published. a symposium on modern copying techniques followed in january 1959, resulting in another booklet. the third publication is perhaps of greatest interest to librarians. it consists of papers presented ·on microfilm, microfiche, and microcard, and considers them from the standpoint of their sujtability for publication of scholarly material. the first paper is on "microfilm-the versatile academic tool" by eugene power of university microfilms. it contains a wealth of information based on twenty-five years of experience with this medium. this is followed by dr. l. j. van der wolk's report on "publishing on microfiche." this presents a 495 college and research libraries later, are we as a profession still hesitant to declare ourselves unilaterally as open storehouses and dispensers of the recorded resources of knowledge and information, regardless of format? the intuitive answer may be that information in form other than print is suspect as being less than intellectual. let us look a little more closely at some of the monographs on our shelves, where in the name of thoroughness and academic freedom we have collected biased, poorly written, out of date and occasionally unreadable works. and let us -compare these with some of the nonprint media which vividly capture in sight and sound, history, skill techniques, procedures, beauty and ugliness, and engaging entertainment. our shelves should proudly contain the totality of the human experience, in all the forms devised by mind and technology, providing total access for that vitally-concerned segment of society which is our clientele. nonbook materials, the organization of integrated collections is a guide and a precept for those who have accepted this challenge.-gloria terwilliger, director of learning resources, alexandria campus, northern virginia community college. recent publications i 489 in professor lorenz's biography hugh caine emerges as a talented and dedicated editor who only wanted to print the news and make money. however, in those days an editor had to ally himself and his paper with a special interest group if he intended to stay in business, and thus c aine was forced to change sides frequently in the tumultuous years preceding the revolution in order to ensure his livelihood. caine made a fateful decision when he decided to abandon the patriot cause in 1776, and return to new york to resume the publication of his new y ark mercury in that occupied city. once he had made his choice there was no turning back and he soon became one of the most hated and maligned tory editors in revolutionary america. his notoriety was further enhanced when he became the subject of phillip freneau' s long and cutting poem, "hugh gaines life." freneau maintained that caine would: always adhere to the sword that is longest and stick to the party thats like to be strongest. . . .. unfortunately, caine underestimated the patriots, and chose to support the wrong "party." nevertheless, he remains a major lorenz, alfred lawrence. hugh gaine; a figure in the annals of american publishing, colonial printer-editor's odyssey to and professor lorenz's balanced, well-writloyalism. carbondale and edwardsville: ten, and timely study should be acquired southern illinois university press, 1972. by every library with an interest in the his192 p. $6.95. tory of the american revolution.-michael there have been few serious biographh. harris, associate professor, college of ical studies done on the major figures in library science, university of kentucky, revolutionary journalism. edes and gill, lexington. rivington, john holt, james parker, and others still await biographers. fortunately, yappleba~m, edm~nd l., e~. reader in hugh caine, one of the most controversial techn1cal serv1ces. washmgton, d.c.: and enigmatic of the revolutionary editors, ncr microcard editions, 1973. has now been given the careful and unthis seventh in a series of readers in libiased treatment he has so long deserved. brary and information science is a compilaprofessor lorenz has written an importion of articles covering the whole field of tant book. for he has revealed, better pertechnical services. in one small sense the haps than anyone else, the tremendous obtitle is misleading for in actuality descripstacles encountered by an editor who tive cataloging and classification have been wished to remain independent of "special excluded from this volume and covered in interest" in a time when emotions ran high another of the series. and neutrality was viewed as a traitorous the collection brings together materials act. in doing so he shows clearly the reaof a historical nature, some state-of-the-art sons for caine's erratic editorial course from articles, and some attempts at predicting 1752 to 1776. the future. one big disadvantage is a "de490 i college & research libraries • november 1973 liberate attempt to exclude materials that have appeared in recently published collections." for a teacher or student of technical services to use a reader of this nature effectively, it must contain all outstanding pertinent materials no matter where else they have appeared nor how recently. this approach, then, makes the volume less useful as a text but important as a supplementary resource. mr. applebaum has done an admirable job in presenting the historical perspective to the basic problems which are facing us in technical services today. the discussions on cooperative cataloging and dewey's classification system, at the first conference of the american library association in 1876 and the presentation and discussion of cataloging at the london conference of librarians in 1877, are classics. the remainder of the volume covers the areas of acquisitions; bibliographic control; cooperative and centralized processing endeavors; and future prospects. who would be better than mr. applebaum to select outstanding articles in the area of acquisitions, from policies to blanket-order plans, from administration to futtue trends? articles by metcalf, downs, veaner, and the excellent symposium chaired by perry morrison are good examples . the section on bibliographic control is less cohesive. certainly all articles included are important ones but perhaps not all should be included here. for instance the introduction to the anglo-american cataloging rules must have been read at least once, if not a dozen times, by all students of cataloging-probably all have their own copies-and the articles on serials by clara brown, delightful as it is, doesn't really seem to fit into the sequence. otherwise it contains a good representation of articles on bibliographic control of monographs and serials. one previously unpublished article on "book catalogs" by scott allison, is a very good state-of-the-art paper. classic pieces such as the one by w. w. bishop, as well as current deliberations such as the ones on the national serials data program, are valuable items for discussion. cooperative and centralized processing is an area with which mr. applebaum has been very intimately involved for several years and has used his expertise in bringing together a chronology of developments on this subject. the final section deals almost exclusively with marc and its national and international implications-those being the solving of some important problems in technical services. particular criticism could be leveled at the volume for the exclusion of any discussion on nonprint materials, their acquisition, storage, and accessibility.-robert d. stuearl, graduate school of librarianship, u niversity of denver~ colorado. !~pope, s. elspeth. the time-lag in cataloging. metuchen, n.j.: scarecrow press, 1973.209 p. this book is the result of the author's doctoral dissertation at the university of pittsburgh. it is primarily concerned with the attempts made by the library of congress and american publishers over a long period of time to bring books and catalog copy together quickly. these efforts culminated finally in the cataloging-in-source program ( 1958-59) and its reincarnation in the cataloging-in-publication program ( 1971). the aims of the study were ( 1) to discover whether the various programs at the library of congress were sufficient to decrease the time-lag in cataloging, and ( 2) whether it is possible for the library of congress to accept bibliographical data as provided by publisher's catalogs. to answer the first question, a statistical sample of 5 percent of american trade publications in 1969 was taken from the n ational union catalog. the selected entries were checked against the time of their appearance in copyright office records, library of congress cards, marc tape input, and publisher's weekly. programs were designed and data fed to a computer. the results were compared to an earlier study done by roger greer in 1961, and it was found that, in spite of the various attempts which had been made by the library of congress to expedite the cataloging of books, the time needed to get cataloging information had in fact increased. the full details of the greer study, an unpublished doctoral dissertation, are not given, so it is difficult to assess the validity of the com30 information technology and libraries | march 2010 the path toward global interoperability in cataloging ilana tolkoff libraries began in complete isolation with no uniformity of standards and have grown over time to be ever more interoperable. this paper examines the current steps toward the goal of universal interoperability. these projects aim to reconcile linguistic and organizational obstacles, with a particular focus on subject headings, name authorities, and titles. i n classical and medieval times, library catalogs were completely isolated from each other and idiosyncratic. since then, there has been a trend to move toward greater interoperability. we have not yet attained this international standardization in cataloging, and there are currently many challenges that stand in the way of this goal. this paper will examine the teleological evolution of cataloging and analyze the obstacles that stand in the way of complete interoperability, how they may be overcome, and which may remain. this paper will not provide a comprehensive list of all issues pertaining to interoperability; rather, it will attempt to shed light on those issues most salient to the discussion. unlike the libraries we are familiar with today, medieval libraries worked in near total isolation. most were maintained by monks in monasteries, and any regulations in cataloging practice were established by each religious order. one reason for their lack of regulations was that their collections were small by our standards; a monastic library had at most a few hundred volumes (a couple thousand in some very rare cases). the “armarius,” or librarian, kept more of an inventory than an actual catalog, along with the inventories of all other valuable possessions of the monastery. there were no standard rules for this inventory-keeping, although the armarius usually wrote down the author and title, or incipit if there was no author or title. some of these inventories also contained bibliographic descriptions, which most often described the physical book rather than its contents. the inventories were usually taken according to the shelf organization, which was occasionally based on subject, like most libraries are today. these trends in medieval cataloging varied widely from library to library, and their inventories were entirely different from our modern opacs. the inventory did not provide users access to the materials. instead, the user consulted the armarius, who usually knew the collection by heart. this was a reasonable request given the small size of the collections.1 this type of nonstandardized cataloging remained relatively unchanged until the nineteenth century, when charles c. jewett introduced the idea of a union catalog. jewett also proposed having stereotype plates for each bibliographic record, rather than a book catalog, because this could reduce costs, create uniformity, and organize records alphabetically. this was the precursor to the twentieth-century card catalog. while many of jewett’s ideas were not actually practiced during his lifetime, they laid the foundation for later cataloging practices.2 the twentieth century brought a great revolution in cataloging standards, particularly in the united states. in 1914, the library of congress subject headings (lcsh) were first published and introduced a controlled vocabulary to american cataloging. the 1960s saw a wide array of advancements in standardization. the library of congress (lc) developed marc, which became a national standard in 1973. it also was the time of the creation of anglo-american cataloguing rules (aacr), the paris principles, and international standard bibliographic description (isbd). while many of these standardization projects were uniquely american or british phenomena, they quickly spread to other parts of the world, often in translated versions.3 while the technology did not yet exist in the 1970s to provide widespread local online catalogs, technology did allow for union catalogs containing the records of many libraries in a single database. these union catalogs included the research libraries information network (rlin), the oclc online computer library center (oclc), and the western library network (wln). in the 1980s the local online public access catalog (opac) emerged, and in the 1990s opacs migrated to the web (webpacs).4 currently, most libraries have opacs and are members of oclc, the largest union catalog, used by more than 71,000 libraries in 112 countries and territories.5 now that most of the world’s libraries are on oclc, librarians face the challenge and inconvenience of discrepancies in cataloging practice due to the differing standards of diverse countries, languages, and alphabets. the fields of language engineering and linguistics are working on various language translation and analysis tools. some of these include machine translation; ontology, or the hierarchical organization of concepts; information extraction, which deciphers conceptual information from unorganized information, such as that on the web; text summarization, in which computers create a short summary from a long piece of text; and speech processing, which is the computer analysis of human speech.6 while these are all exciting advances in information technology, as of yet they are not intelligent enough to help us establish cataloging interoperability. it will be interesting to see whether language engineering tools will be capable of helping catalogers in the future, but for now they are ilana tolkoff (ilana.tolkoff@gmail.com) holds a ba in music and italian from vassar college, an ma in musicology from brandeis university, and an mls from the university at buffalo. she is currently seeking employment as a music librarian. the path toward global interoperability in cataloging | tolkoff 31 best at making sense of unstructured information, such as the web. the interoperability of library catalogs, which consist of highly structured information, must be tackled through software that innovative librarians of the future will produce. in an ideal world, oclc would be smoothly interoperable at a global level. a single thesaurus of subject headings would have translations in every language. there would be just one set of authority files. all manifestations of a single work would be grouped under the same title, translatable to all languages. there would be a single bibliographic record for a single work, rather than multiple bibliographic records in different languages for the same work. this single bibliographic record could be translatable into any language, so that when searching in worldcat, one could change the settings to any language to retrieve records that would display in that chosen language. when catalogers contribute to oclc, they would create the records in their respective languages, and once in the database the records would be translatable to any other language. because records would be so fluidly translatable, an opac could be searched in any language. for example, the default settings for the university at buffalo’s opac could be english, but patrons could change those settings to accommodate the great variety of international students doing research. this vision is utopian to say the least, and it is doubtful that we will ever reach this point. but it is valuable to establish an ideal scenario to aim our innovation in the right direction. one major obstacle in the way of global interoperability is the existence of different alphabets and the inherently imperfect nature of transliteration. there are essentially two types of transliteration schemes: those based on phonetic structure and those based on morphemic structure. the danger of phonetic transliteration, which mimics pronunciation, is that semantics often get lost. it fails to differentiate between homographs (words that are spelled and pronounced the same way but have different meanings). complications also arise when there are differences between careful and casual styles of speech. park asserts, “when catalogers transcribe words according to pronunciation, they can create inconsistent and arbitrary records.”7 morphemic transliteration, on the other hand, is based on the meanings of morphemes, and sometimes ends up being very different from the pronunciation in the source language. one advantage to this, however, is that it requires fewer diacritics than phonetic transliteration. park, whose primary focus is on korean–roman transliteration, argues that the mccune reischauer phonetic transliteration that libraries use loses too much of the original meaning. in other alphabets, however, phonetic transliteration may be more beneficial, as in the lc’s recent switch to pinyin transliteration in chinese. the lc found pinyin to be more easily searchable than wade-giles or monosyllabic pinyin, which are both morphemic. however, another problem with transliteration that neither phonetic nor morphemic schemes can solve is word segmentation—how a transliterated word is divided. this becomes problematic when there are no contextual clues, such as in a bibliographic record.8 other obstacles that stand in the way of interoperability are the diverse systems of subject headings, authority headings, and titles found internationally. resource description and access (rda) will not deal with subject headings because it is such a hefty task, so it is unlikely that subject headings will become globally interoperable in the near future.9 fortunately, twenty-four national libraries of english speaking countries use lcsh, and twelve non-english-speaking countries use a translated or modified version of lcsh. this still leaves many more countries that use their own systems of subject headings, which ultimately need to be made interoperable. even within a single language, subject headings can be complicated and inconsistent because they can be expressed as a single noun, compound noun, noun phrase, or inverted phrase; the problem becomes even greater when trying to translate these to other languages. bennett, lavoie, and o’neill note that catalogers often assign different subject headings (and classifications) to different manifestations of the same work.10 that is, the record for the novel gone with the wind might have different subject headings than the record for the movie. this problem could potentially be resolved by the functional requirements for bibliographic records (frbr), which will be discussed below. translation is a difficult task, particularly in the context of strict cataloging rules. it is especially complicated to translate among unrelated languages, where one might be syntactic and the other inflectional. this means that there are discrepancies in the use of prepositions, conjunctions, articles, and inflections. the ability to add or remove terms in translation creates endless variations. a single concept can be expressed in a morpheme, a word, a phrase, or a clause, depending on the language. there also are cultural differences that are reflected in different languages. park gives the example of how angloamerican culture often names buildings and brand names after people, reflecting our culture’s values of individualism, while in korea this phenomenon does not exist at all. on the other hand, korean’s use of formal and informal inflections reflects their collectivist hierarchical culture. another concept that does not cross cultural lines is the korean pumasi system in which family and friends help someone in a time of need with the understanding that the favor will be returned when they need it. this cannot be translated into a single english word, phrase, or subject heading. one way of resolving ambiguity in translations is through modifiers or scope notes, but this is only a partial solution.11 because translation and transliteration are so difficult, 32 information technology and libraries | march 2010 as well as labor-intensive, the current trend is to link already existing systems. multilingual access to subjects (macs) is one such linking project that aims to link subject headings in english, french, and german. it is a joint project under the conference of european national librarians among the swiss national library, the bibliothèque nationale de france (bnf), the british library (bl), and die deutsche bibliothek (ddb). it aims to link the english lcsh, the french répertoire d’autorité matière encyclopédique et alphabétique unifié (rameau), and the german schlagwortnormdatei/ regeln für den schlagwortkatalog (swd/rswk). this requires manually analyzing and matching the concepts in each heading. if there is no conceptual equivalent, then it simply stands alone. macs can link between headings and strings or even create new headings for linking purposes. this is not as fruitful as it sounds, however, as there are fewer correspondences than one might expect. the macs team experimented with finding correspondences by choosing two topics: sports, which was expected to have a particularly high number of correspondences, and theater, which was expected to have a particularly low number of correspondences. of the 278 sports headings, 86 percent matched in all three languages, 8 percent matched in two, and 6 percent was unmatched. of the 261 theater headings, 60 percent matched in three languages, 18 percent matched in two, and 22 percent was unmatched.12 even in the most cross-cultural subject of sports, 14 percent of terms did not correspond fully, making one wonder whether linking will work well enough to prevail. a similar project—the virtual international authority file (viaf)—is being undertaken for authority headings, a joint project of the lc, the bnf, and ddb, and now including several other national libraries. viaf aims to link (not consolidate) existing authority files, and its beta version (available at http://viaf.org) allows one to search by name, preferred name, or title. oclc’s software mines these authority files and the titles associated with them for language, lc control number, lc classification, usage, title, publisher, place of publication, date of publication, material type, and authors. it then derives a new enhanced authority record, which facilitates mapping among authority records in all of viaf’s languages. these derived authority records are stored on oai servers, where they are maintained and can be accessed by users. users can search viaf by a single national library or broaden their possibilities by searching all participating national libraries. as of 2006, between the lc’s and ddb’s authority files, there were 558,618 matches, including 70,797 complex matches (one-to-many), and 487,821 unique matches (one-to-one) out of 4,187,973 lc names and 2,659,276 ddb names. ultimately, viaf could be used for still more languages, including non-roman alphabets.13 recently the national library of israel has joined, and viaf can link to the hebrew alphabet. a similar project to viaf that also aimed to link authority files was linking and exploring authority files (leaf), which was under the auspices of the information society technologies programme of the fifth framework of the european commission. the three-year project began in 2001 with dozens of libraries and organizations (many of which are national libraries), representing eight languages. its website describes the project as follows: information which is retrieved as a result of a query will be stored in a pan-european “central name authority file.” this file will grow with each query and at the same time will reflect what data records are relevant to the leaf users. libraries and archives wanting to improve authority information will thus be able to prioritise their editing work. registered users will be able to post annotations to particular data records in the leaf system, to search for annotations, and to download records in various formats.14 park identifies two main problems with linking authority files. one is that name authorities still contain some language-specific features. the other is that disambiguation can vary among name authority systems (e.g., birth/death dates, corporate qualifiers, and profession/ activity). these are the challenges that projects like leaf and viaf must overcome. while the linking of subject headings and name authorities is still experimental and imperfect, the frbr model for linking titles is much more promising and will be incorporated in the soon-to-be-released rda. according to bennett, lavoie, and o’neill, there are three important benefits to frbr: (1) it allows for different views of a bibliographic database, (2) it creates a hierarchy of bibliographic entities in the catalog such that all versions of the same work fall into a single collapsible entry point, (3) and the confluence of the first two benefits makes the catalog more efficient. in the frbr model, the bibliographic record consists of four entities: (1) the work, (2) the expression, (3) the manifestation, and (4) the item. all manifestations of a single work are grouped together, allowing for a more economical use of information because the title needs to be entered only once.15 that is, a “title authority file” will exist much like a name authority file. this means that all editions in all languages and in all formats would be grouped under the same title. for example, the lord of the rings title would include all novels, films, translations, and editions in one grouping. this would reduce the number of bibliographic records, and as danskin notes, “the idea of creating more records at a time when publishing output threatens to outstrip the cataloguing capacity of national bibliographic agencies is alarming.”16 the frbr model is particularly beneficial for complex canonical works like the bible. there are a small number of complex canonical works, but they take up a the path toward global interoperability in cataloging | tolkoff 33 disproportionate number of holdings in oclc.17 because this only applies to a small number of works, it would not be difficult to implement, and there would be a disproportionate benefit in the long run. there is some uncertainty, however, in what constitutes a complex work and whether certain items should be grouped under the same title.18 for instance, should prokofiev’s romeo and juliet be grouped with shakespeare’s? the advantage of the frbr model for titles over subject headings or name authorities is that no such thing as a title authority file exists (as conceptualized by frbr). we would be able to start from scratch, creating such title authority files at the international level. subject headings and name authorities, on the other hand, already exist in many different forms and languages so that cross-linking projects like viaf might be our only option. it is encouraging to see the strides being made to make subject headings, name authority headings, and titles globally interoperable, but what about other access points within a record’s bibliographic description? these are usually in only one language, or two if cataloged in a bilingual country. should these elements (format, contents, and so on) be cross-linked as well, and is this even possible? what should reasonably be considered an access point? most people search by subject, author, or title, so perhaps it is not worth making other types of access points interoperable for the few occasions when they are useful. yet if 100 percent universal interoperability is our ultimate utopian goal, perhaps we should not settle for anything less than true international access to all fields in a record. because translation and transliteration are such complex undertakings, linking of extant files is the future of the field. there are advantages and disadvantages to this. on the one hand, linking these files is certainly better than having them exist only for their own countries. they are easily executed projects that would not require a total overhaul of the way things currently stand. the disadvantages are not to be ignored, however. the fact that files do not correspond perfectly from language to language means that many files will remain in isolation in the national library that created them. another problem is that cross-linking is potentially more confusing to the user; the search results on http://www.viaf.org are not always simple and straightforward. if cross-linking is where we are headed, then we need to focus on a more user-friendly interface. if the ultimate goal of interoperability is simplification, then we need to actually simplify the way query results are organized rather than make them more confusing. very soon rda will be released and will bring us to a new level of interoperability. aacr2 arrived in 1978, and though it has been revised several times, it is in many ways outdated and mainly applies to books. rda will bring something completely new to the table. it will be flexible enough to be used in other metadata schemes besides marc, and it can even be used by different industries such as publishers, museums, and archives.19 its incorporation of the frbr model is exciting as well. still, there are some practical problems in implementing rda and frbr, one of which is that reeducating librarians about the new rules will be costly and take time. also, frbr in its ideal form would require a major overhaul of the way oclc and integrated library systems currently operate, so it will be interesting to see to what extent rda will actually incorporate frbr and how it will be practically implemented. danskin asks, “will the benefits of international co-operation outweigh the costs of effecting changes? is the usa prepared to change its own practices, if necessary, to conform to european or wider ifla standards?”20 it seems that the united states is in fact ready and willing to adopt frbr, but to what extent is yet to be determined. what i have discussed in this paper are some of the more prominent international standardization projects, although there are countless others, such as eurowordnet, the open language archives community (olac), and international cataloguing code (icc), to name but a few.21 in general, the current major projects consist of linking subject headings, name authority files, and titles in multiple languages. linking may not have the best correspondence rates, we have still not begun to tackle the cross-linking of other bibliographic elements, and at this point search results may be more confusing than helpful. but the existence of these linking projects means we are at least headed in the right direction. the emergent universality of oclc was our most recent step toward interoperability, and it looks as if cross-linking is our next step. only time will tell what steps will follow. references 1. lawrence s. guthrie ii, “an overview of medieval library cataloging,” cataloging & classification quarterly 15, no. 3 (1992): 93–100. 2. lois mai chan and theodora hodges, cataloging and classification: an introduction, 3rd ed. (lanham, md.: scarecrow, 2007): 48. 3. ibid., 6–8. 4. ibid., 7–9. 5. oclc, “about oclc,” http://www.oclc.org/us/en/ about/default.htm (accessed dec. 9, 2009). 6. jung-ran park, “cross-lingual name and subject access: mechanisms and challenges,” library resources & technical services 51, no. 3 (2007): 181. 7. ibid., 185. 8. ibid. continued on page 39 tagging: an organization scheme for the internet | visser 39 international and o’reilly media, web 2.0 refers to the web as being a platform for harnessing the collective power of internet users interested in creating and sharing ideas and information without mediation from corporate, government, or other hierarchical policy influencers or regulators. web 3.0 is a much more fluid concept as of this writing. there are individuals who use it to refer to a semantic web where information is analyzed or processed by software designed specifically for computers to carry out the currently human-mediated activity of assigning meaning to information on a webpage. there are librarians involved with exploring virtual-world librarianship who refer to the 3d environment as web 3.0. the important point here is that what internet users now know as web 2.0 is in the process of being altered by individuals continually experimenting with and improving upon existing web applications. web 3.0 is the undefined future of the participatory internet. 3. clay shirky, “here comes everybody: the power of organizing without organizations” (presentation videocast, berkman center for internet & society, harvard university, cambridge, mass., 2008), http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/inter active/events/2008/02/shirky (accessed oct. 1, 2008). 4. ibid. 5. lawerence lessig, “early creative commons history, my version,” videocast, aug. 11, 2008, lessig 2.0, http://lessig.org/ blog/2008/08/early_creative_commons_history.html (accessed aug. 13, 2008). 6. elaine peterson, “beneath the metadata: some philosophical problems with folksonomy,” d-lib magazine 12, no. 11 (2006), http://www.dlib.org/dlib/november06/peterson/11peterson .html (accessed sept. 8, 2008). 7. clay shirky, “ontology is overrated: categories, links, and tags” online posting, spring 2005, clay shirky’s writings about the internet, http://www.shirky.com/writings/ontology_ overrated.html#mind_reading (accessed sept. 8, 2008). 8. gene smith, tagging: people-powered metadata for the social web (berkeley, calif.: new riders, 2008): 68. 9. ibid., 76. 10. thomas vander wal, “folksonomy,” online posting, feb. 7, 2007, vanderwal.net, http://www.vanderwal.net/folksonomy .html (accessed aug. 26, 2008). 11. thomas vander wal, “explaining and showing broad and narrow folksonomies,” online posting, feb. 21, 2005, personal infocloud, http://www.personalinfocloud.com/2005/02/ explaining_and_.html (accessed aug. 29, 2008). 12. shirky, “ontology is overrated.” 13. ibid. 14. michael arrington, “exclusive: screen shots and feature overview of delicious 2.0 preview,” online posting, june 16, 2005, techcrunch, http://www.techcrunch.com/2007/09/06/ exclusive-screen-shots-and-feature-overview-of-delicious-20 -preview/(accessed jan. 6, 2010). 15. smith, tagging, 67–93 . 16. vander wal, “explaining and showing broad and narrow folksonomies.” 17. adam mathes, “folksonomies—cooperative classification and communication through shared metadata” (graduate paper, university of illinois urbana–champaign, dec. 2004); peterson, “beneath the metadata”; shirky, “ontology is overrated”; thomas and griffin, “who will create the metadata for the internet?” 18. shirky, “ontology is overrated.” 19. peterson, “beneath the metadata.” 20. cory doctorow, “metacrap: putting the torch to seven straw-men of the meta-utopia,” online posting, aug. 26, 2001, the well, http://www.well.com/~doctorow/metacrap.htm (accessed sept. 15, 2008). 21. marieke guy and emma tonkin, “folksonomies: tidying up tags?” d-lib magazine 12, no. 1 (2006), http://www.dlib .org/dlib/january06/guy/01guy.html (accessed sept. 8, 2008). 22. shirky, “ontology is overrated.” global interoperability continued from page 33 9. julie renee moore, “rda: new cataloging rules, coming soon to a library near you!” library hi tech news 23, no. 9, (2006): 12. 10. rick bennett, brian f. lavoie, and edward t. o’neill, “the concept of a work in worldcat: an application of frbr,” library collections, acquisitions, & technical services 27, no. 1, (2003): 56. 11. park, “cross-lingual name and subject access.” 12. ibid. 13. thomas b. hickey, “virtual international authority file” (microsoft powerpoint presentation, ala annual conference, new orleans, june 2006), http://www.oclc.org/research/ projects/viaf/ala2006c.ppt (accessed dec. 9, 2009). 14. leaf, “leaf project consortium,” http://www.crxnet .com/leaf/index.html (accessed dec. 9, 2009). 15. bennett, lavoie, and o’neill, “the concept of a work in worldcat.” 16. alan danskin, “mature consideration: developing bibliographic standards and maintaining values,” new library world 105, no. 3/4, (2004): 114. 17. ibid. 18. bennett, lavoie, and o’neill, “the concept of a work in worldcat.” 19. moore, “rda.” 20. danskin, “mature consideration,” 116. 21. ibid.; park, “cross-lingual name and subject access.” lib-s-mocs-kmc364-20140601051731 58 book reviews descriptive cataloguing; a student's introduction to the anglo-american cataloguing rules 1967. by james a. tait and douglas anderson. second ed.; rev. and enl. hamden, conn.: linnet books, 1971, 122p. $5.00 this second edition contains some corrections to the errors made in the 1968 edition, and includes the changes and clarifications brought out by the aacr amendment bulletin. the number of exemplary title pages has been increased from twenty-five to forty, thus giving the student more practice in determining entries and doing descriptive cataloging. this reviewer believes that a more exact title would be "descriptive cataloging and determining entries and headings," because this introductory text not only covers descriptive cataloging as defined and explained in "part iidescriptive cataloging" of the anglo-american cataloguing rules, but also includes some of the basic rules for determining entries and headings in aacr's "part !-entry and heading." there are three distinct sections: descriptive cataloging; determining entries and headings; and facsimile title pages for student practice. descriptive cataloging is covered in just thirteen pages, but all the basic elements are there. the explanations are clear and examples are shown, but not in the context of a full card. (unfortunately only one full catalog card is illustrated in the entire book.) it is in this section, more than in any other, where the differences between british and american cataloging become obvious. british descriptive cataloging varies in so many ways from its american counterpart that a beginning student in an american library school would be quite confused by these variations. the next section consists of twenty-five pages and is devoted to the basic rules on entries and headings. examples are used to illustrate the rules and the authors point out some differences between the british and american texts of the aacr. the remaining seventy pages contain the forty reproduced title pages which are followed by some commentary and a key corresponding to each title page. these title pages give the student a wide range of experience in transcribing the proper information onto the card and in determining main and added entries. even though this book is an excellent introduction to the rudiments of descriptive cataloging and the determination of main and added entries, book reviews 59 its use of british descriptive cataloging precludes its being widely adopted in beginning cataloging courses in american library schools. donald /. l ehnus centmlized processing for academic librm·ies. by richard m. dougherty and joan m. maier. metuchen, n.j.: scarecrow press, 1971. 254p. $10.00 this is the final report of the colorado academic libraries book processing center ( calbpc) two-part study investigating centralized processing. phase i, reported by laurence leonard, maier, and dougherty in centralized book processing, scarecrow, 1969, was basically a feasibility study, whereas this final report describes the beginning six months of operations that tested the phase i recommendations. partially funded by the national science foundation, the experiment measured anticipated time and cost savings, monitored acquisitions and cataloging operations, and tested product acceptability for six libraries participating in the 1969, six-month study. even though centralized book processing might hold little appeal for the reader, this volume nonetheless is valuable to technical service heads because of its above average sophistication in applying a systems analysis approach to technical services problems. the authors objectively report their findings, outlining in detail the mistakes, the unanticipated problem areas, and what they believed to be the successes. from the start the authors encountered problems with scheduling. by the time the experiment began most participants had a large portion of their book money encumbered, and the center was forced to accept cataloging arrearages in addition to book order requests. those who did send in orders did not conform to patterns predicted in phase i. instead, the center was used as a source of obtaining more difficult materials, including foreign language items. it was discovered that in actual practice calbpc had no impact on discounts received from vendors. the vendor performance study lacked relevancy because it was based upon the date invoices were cleared for payment rather than the date books were received in house. in evaluating the total processing time, four libraries reduced their time lag by participating in the center's centralized processing, and the cost of processing the average book was reduced from $3.10 to $2.63. the product acceptance study showed that the physical processing was only partially accepted with most of the libraries modifying a truncated title that was printed on the book card and book pocket as a by-product of the automated financial subsystem. other local modifications were made on books processed by the center but that cost or local error correction costs were not reported in the study. calbpc's automated financial subsystem was beseiged with many problems resulting from lack of programming foresight and adequate consulting 60 journal of library automation vol. 5/1 march, 1972 by those who had previously designed such systems. individuals interested in the automation of acquisitions should read this section of the report. calbpc's problems were typically those of building exceptions to exceptions in order to accommodate unanticipated program omissio.ns. simply not recognizing that books could be processed before invoices were paid caused delays and bottlenecks of such magnitude that procedures had to be devised to circumvent requirements of the automated subsystem. many recommendations were particularly relevant to cooperative ventures. in formulating processing specifications such as call number format and abbreviation standardization, calbpc had not anticipated the infinite local variations they would have to accommodate. they quickly recognized the need for both greater quality control to minimize errors within the system and better communications and educational programs for participants. a reoccurring message was that librarians emphasized the esthetics of catalog cards rather than the content, thus a recommendation was made to investigate whether a positive correlation exists between the esthetics of the product and the quality of the library service. the authors emphasized that a cooperative program depends more upon competencies and willingness of individuals than the technical aspects of the operations. some diversification of services was called for but no mention was made of the possibilities of an on-line system. it was felt that in future operations the center should accept orders for out-of-print and audiovisual materials. those libraries participating in approval programs had received no benefit by having books sent first to the center, thus it was suggested that the center forward those libraries a bibliographic packet only and that the approval books bypass the center. this well-documented study, half of which is devoted to charts and appendix materials, concluded its recommendations with a positive evaluation of the service the center had performed and suggested that public and school libraries should also be participants. ann allan college and research libraries many other points that lyle rais~s would also deserve comment. space does not permit discussing here, however, various questions that have vexed many a college librarian, be it the desirable size of the open-stack book collection, the . usefulness of browsing rooms, or the educational value of departmental libraries. suffice it' to say that the forward-looking college librarian will do well to buy not qnly a copy of lyle's book for the library but to add another to his private collection. it is one of those fairly rare volumes of our profession:al literature th~t warrants re-reading.-felix · e. hirsch, librarian, bard college,, annandale-on-h udson, n.y. . the eleventh catalogers, y earboo.k catalogers, and cla;si/iers, yearbook no. i i, 1945. compiled by the division of cataloging and classification of the american library association. chicago, a.l.a., 1945· 96p. this, the eleventh number of the catalogers, and classifiers, yearbook, represents a resumption of the series . (the tenth number appeared in 1941) after the plans for a quarterly journal were at least temporarily abandoned. sponsored, as in the past, by the division of cataloging, and classification of the a.l.a. and under the general editorship of a special committee of which margaret oldfather, of ohio state university, is chairman, the volume closely follows the pattern and format of its predecessors. the first six contributions to the symposium · were presented originally at the milwaukee conference in 1942. that their publication has been so long delayed seems not in the least to have diminished their usefulness-a virtue which may be either attributed to the timelessness of their contents or to the eternal repetitiousness of library literature, depending upon one's point of view. to these have been added two special papers by robert b. downs and herman h. henkle and the text of the report made at the close of 1943 by the library of congress to the general education board concerning the status of the cooperative cataloging project. · the compilation concludes with a listing of the officer's and committees of the division of cataloging and classification, and the entire work is dedicated to the memory of]. c. m. hanson. truly a modest libation for one whose career was so distinguished. as one might expect, the implications of the new a.l.a. catalog code loom large in the several papers, for it was during the period covered by these essays that the september~ 1945 a.l.a. catalogcode revisio~ committee brought to completion its prelimin:ary work. but if one were to point out a common denominator for all the papers which comprise this collection, it would be a recognition of the growing awareness among catalogers that they are on the defensive against charges of steeply . mounting cataloging co~ts. . that these accusations are not without foundation is evident from the seriousness with which all the writers re-gard them and th~ impressive array of statistical · evidence that is beginning to accumulate from cost. analysis investigations in various types of institutions . . it is too easy to dismiss the seriousness of the growing financial burden invol~ed in the maintenance . and expansion of our swelling card catalogs as being merely an inevitable by-product of the increasing size and complexity of libraries themselves. the problem is much more than a mere exer~ise in the projection of a parabolic curve; it strikes at the very raison d,etre of the dictionary catalog and asks frankly and bluntly whether the instrument really justifies the tremendous expense involved. julia pettee, in the opening paper of the collection, hastens to defend the "authorship principle" elaborately set forth in the new code as being in reality a long-term economy and denies that the code should be made a "scapegoat" for "all the costs that new modern demands make upon our catalogs" (p. 19). grace p. fuller is equallystaunch in her support of econ9mies made possible by the present methods of establishing corporate entry; and a similar poi~t of view .is maintained by clara beetle when she writes of personal authors and anonymous classics in the library of congress catalog. that the card catalog is a focal point in library operation is implicit in the trilogy on 371 cataloging for the college library. frances l. yocum, after examining her survey of ten college libraries, urges greater care in developing and expanding the resources of the catalog and more attention to its interpretation on the part of both library staff and faculty. she would be among the first to argue for the values inherent in this increasingly expensive index of the library's resources. in an effort to determine haw far simplified cataloging practices could contribute to the current demand for decreasing the cost of cataloging, evelyn hensel surveyed twenty college librari'es. she concludes, however, that there has been "too much attention to the problem of simplification of the details on catalog cards without having determined what simplication is desirable" ( p. 50). finally winifred a. johnson reverts to the age-old cry of the cataloger that "economies" in cataloging do not always result in economies elsewhere in the library system. the papers contributed to the yearbook terminate with robert b. downs's cursory examination of the perplexing problems of library statistics, duplicate copies, pamphlets, and rare books, and herman h. henkle's report on the library of congress conference on .cataloging held in washington from oct. 18 to nov. 19, 1943. at these meetings there apparently was much agitation for a simpli_fication of cataloging processes that would result in a material reduction of costs, but little seems . to have been accomplished except a general expression of faith in pooling resources and intensifying cooperation. one perhaps can best summarize the cumulative impression of the symposium under review by saying that it is professionally wholesome to see catalogers and library admm1strators alike alarmed by the increasing costs of the catalog, which are certain to increase if present-day procedure and methods are maintained in the face of the growth and increasing complexity of book stocks. it is heartening to see this new awareness because the recognition of any problem is an essential preliminary step to its solution. but these essays also testify to the degree to which the thinking of catalogers is still too strongly molded by tradition to admit of effective action in dealing with rising catalog costs. the real problem of the catalog is not one of costs but of values, and until we can view the catalog, especially the subject catalog, objectively and in its proper relation to the other bibliographical resources of the library and can say with certainty that it can accomplish with greater efficiency than any other bibliographical instrument the task which it purports to perform, then and then only can its mounting costs be justified. this is a problem which is certainly not impossible of solution, but it cannot be solved by conferences and armchair speculation. it is one that can be met adequately only through the united effort of practicing catalogers and the library schools; for only by research and experimentation, based on a sincere attempt , to examine all the factors involved, can the true answer be found. one scarcely needs labor the point that if libraries continue to grow as they have in the past the dictionary catalog in its present form cannot long survive; and if a more effective substitute is not developed catalogers will soon discover that the house of cards which they have so painstakingly built will come fluttering down about their ears.-] es-se h auk sh era, chief, preparations d epartment, university of chicago library. liberal education in america teacher in america. jacques barzun. boston, little, brown, 1945. (an atlantic monthly press book) vi, 321p. better colleges-better teachers. russell m. cooper, et al. [new york, macmillan , 1945] viii, 167p. the rebirth of liberal education. fred b. millett. new york, harcourt, brace, 1945· [xii] 179p· college librarians looking for a simple answer to all problems confronting teachers will not find it in any of these studies. there is no blueprint for the good life. each of the books is pregnant with the complexities of our present-day culture. recognition of these complexities should stimulate rather than frighten, should encourage rather than depress. the greatest ultimate strength of 3i2 college and research libraries college and research libraries grosch, university of minnesota, minneapolis. townley, helen m. systems analysis for information retrieval. institute of information scientists monograph series. a grafton book boulder, colo.: westview p,ress; london: andre deutsch, 1978. 121p. $13.50. isbn 0-233-96920-9. exactly how does one go about designing and implementing an information retrieval system for a particular organization? what are the various options that the designers and programmers must choose among? how does it all work? one can get a pretty good feeling for the answers to these questions from this very readable little book of about ninety pages (plus a few appendixes). the author has almost twenty years of experience designing and implementing information retrieval systems. in her book she has interspersed little gems of wisdom only that experience can give. these range from the seemingly trivial "never make a note of anything without dating it" to the key observation that the system is likely to veer off course, or flounder entirely. hence the statement of project goals "is to be the most important single document . . . for obtaining (and keeping!) backing for the project and for keeping control of the evolving system as it comes into being." it is refreshing to read someone who realizes that systems analysis is very subjective, "partly technique and partly flair." townley realizes that there are numerous designs that can result from analysis and that we will create and destroy dozens of such seemingly clear-cut things as record specifications before we settle on one to actually implement. in this book we are once again reminded that the job of the analyst is only possible if he or she can get people to talk-and it is important to talk to all levels of workers and to more than one at each level. townley takes great pains to demonstrate to us exactly how dumb the computer is (without going through the boring details of binary number systems!). by providing clear and concise descriptions of the concepts of files, records, and fields, as well as several major file and field addressing techniques, we can begin to get a picture of how sophisrecent publications i 89 ticated systems are built out of simple elements. the illustrations of computer searching techniques (such as boolean logic) bring out the work that computers do in information retrieval systems in order to perform their amazing feats. the author's final word of warning is something that we are only now beginning to appreciate: "it must not be forgotten that the computer based service will not save labour: it will only permit more work to result from the same effort. management must never underestimate the manpower and time that will be required to keep the new system working." in short, this is a very down-to-earth and practical book on systems analysis for information retrieval, filled with good advice to those who are about to embark on projects in this field.-stephen m. silberstein, university of california, berkeley. smith, lynn s. a practical approach to serials cataloging. foundations in library and information science, volume 2. greenwich, conn.: jai press, 1978. heritage on microfilnt rare and out-of-print titles and documents on 35mm silver halide microfilm. • french books before 1601 • scandinavian culture • 18th century english literature • victorian fiction • literature of folklore • hispanic culture send for catalog and title information today. genew\l microfilm comp~y 100 inman st., cambridge, ma 02139 tel. (617) 864-2820 90 i college & research libraries • january 1979 424p. $32.50. lc 77-25282. isbn 0-89232-007-9. a practical approach to serials cataloging ostensibly aims to teach librarians how to catalog a serial, but for a number of reasons the text is not geared for instruction. the author has covered everything that might conceivably fall within the scope of serial cataloging and as a result has highlighted the problems without offering workable solutions. through emphasis on coverage, organization and brevity have suffered. the future cataloger is not guided logically through the stages required to create a catalog entry, and the rambling text makes it difficult to extract the portions on the practical aspects of cataloging. of the eighteen chapters, only about eleven are concerned with the construction of a serial catalog entry. basic cataloging tools and reference works essential to the cataloger are not mentioned in the opening portion of the text, nor is searching. almost at once the reader is plunged into a discussion of serial entry, which focuses on rule six of the anglo-american cataloging rules (aacr). when the discussion reaches aacr 6b1, the reader is not informed that only certain categories of material are covered by this rule, and that the exception accompanying the rule relates only to these categories. the chapter on title changes discusses the pros and cons of earliest, latest, and successive entry cataloging without adequately identifying the major differences between the cataloging entries. large portions of chapter seven of aacr have been reproduced in the chapter on descriptive cataloging, but revised chapter six is rarely even cited. yet rules from both of these chapters are followed when transcribing bibliographic data onto the catalog entry. often the author claims the rules in chapter seven are obvious, but history has proved otherwise, for catalogers have been subjected to endless interpretations. although she recommends practices and procedures that violate the aacr in this chapter and elsewhere in the text, she often does not make it clear that they are nonstandard. selection of the title page, which is crucial to accurate bibliographic description, is mentioned briefly on page 97 in the chapter on descriptive cataloging. the author dismisses the subject because the majority of serials do not have title pages. the majority of periodical issues are published without title pages, but not the majority of serials. and even if her observation were true, the cataloger still has to know how to select a title page or a title page substitute. this erroneous statement is one of many that are made, particularly when the author embarks upon a discussion of serial cataloging at the library of congress. unfortunately, the impact of automation on serials cataloging in the past couple of years has dated the book prior to publication. for example, cooperative on-line cataloging, a result of the conser project, is not mentioned. an unusual and admirable feature of the book is the emphasis on the relation between technical and public service. although excellent indexes and useful lists accompany the text, there is no glossary of cataloging and bibliographic terms. in fact, the author gives little attention to defining the library terms she uses. regretfully, for all of the above reasons, the text fails in its main purpose, to teach the basic principles of serial cataloging.judith p. cannan, washington, d.c. abstracts the following abstracts are based on those prepared by the eric clearinghouse on information resources, school of education, syracuse university. documents with an ed number here may be ordered in either microfiche (mf) or paper copy (hc) from the eric document reproduction servic~, p.o. box 190, arlington, va 22210. orders should include ed number, specify format desired, and include payment for document and postage. further information on ordering documents and on current postage charges may be obtained from a recent issue of resources in education. planning information services in the liberal arts college library. by richard e. miller and bruce morton. 1977. 27p. ed 154 780. mf -$0.83; hc-$2.06. college and research libraries by h e n r y b a r t l e t t v a n h o e s e n perspective in cataloging1 henry bartlett van hoesen is librarian of brown university library, providence. ha b i t h a s built a sort of fence be-tween cataloging and administration. i have been on both sides of this fence—and i still am. t o say that this fence is one of hostility would be an exaggeration. it's something like this: one librarian, questioned about his cataloging department said, " w e l l , the catalog department turns out about so many books in its own fashion, and there's nothing you can do about it." he may be right, but i won't admit it. on the other hand, d r . bishop seems to dash our dream of selective cataloging with a realistic epigram: " i think it requires more sense and discrimination than are usually found in our cataloging departments." t h i s may be true, but, again, i won't have it so. here are two examples of the opposing extremes. in a time of reduced budget and staff, one librarian ordered: " w e must not pile up arrears. t h e catalog department must do the best it can, and books must be sent to the shelves within twenty-four hours of their receipt in the catalog department." set against this a head cataloger who shrugs her shoulders: " y e s we have thousands of arrears and they are increasing. if the university wants them cataloged, they'll have to find more money for it—that's all." more recently, d r . branscomb's teaching with books2 appears to view the cata1 paper read before the new york regional catalog group, april 26, 1940. 2 branscomb, harvie. teaching with books. association of american colleges and a . l . a . , 1940. log exclusively as an obstacle to the use of books and, in talking about costs of library service and suggesting economies, makes cataloging costs his chief, almost his only, burden of complaint. t h i s attitude of mind and this manner of speaking make one who is astraddle the fence want to jump to the cataloger's side —if they will let him. studies of the cost of cataloging have been based on the number of items cataloged, not on the use of the catalog. it is customary to distinguish between acquisition and cataloging on the one hand and service on the other, but does not the service begin with the use of the catalog? inadequate as circulation statistics are, can they not be used as fairly for estimating the service contributed by the catalog as for estimating the service of the circulation division? in fremont rider's "library cost accounting,"3 cataloging labor cost is 70 cents per volume cataloged, circulation cost is 24 cents per volume of regular circulation, but if both are figured on the basis of regular circulation, the cataloging cost is only 33 cents as compared with 24 cents circulation cost. if one compares labor costs of acquisition, periodical checking, accessioning and cataloging, with labor costs of circulation, public use (reading and reference) and storage, the preparations services cost 5 ° cents and the public services 42 cents per volume of regular circulation. then why the complaint about the high cost of cataloging? and now i shall try to get back into 3 rider, fremont. " l i b r a r y cost accounting." library quarterly 6 : 3 3 1 8 1 , oct. 1936. 330 college and research libraries the role for which i am cast, get over on the other side of the fence, and hazard some answers to my own question. first, economies are necessary, urgently so at this time. in the second place, the function of the cataloging department is most difficult for the layman to understand. ( t h e layman's private library needs no catalog; or only a very crude one.)4 t h e manufacturer's or tradesman's stock, though its items outnumber any library's, needs only an inventory, and that with a comparatively limited number of entries. third, cataloging processes are most complex and intricate, and so, as my librarian friend said, it seems that nothing can be done about it—but as i have said, i won't have it that way.5 finally, if it appears that the librarian can do nothing about it, it also sometimes appears that the catalogers don't want to do anything about it. t h i s is severe treatment of the catalogers, which most of them do not deserve, but i am thinking of the cataloger whom i quoted. a f t e r interesting myself in different organization plans and divisions of labor in the catalog department, and even in machinery (though i hate it) and in many other, more specific remedies, i have developed my own perspective successively from "short cataloging" to "selective cataloging," and from "selective cataloging" to "perspective in cataloging," for i won't have it that catalogers can't discriminate. perspective on work accomplished t h e first phase of perspective is a perspective simply of work—work and accomplishment. i have always been so intent 4 cf. hanson, j . c. m. " s o u n d and unsound economy in cataloging." library quarterly 4:6575, j a n . 1934. 0 cf. osborn, andrew d. "cataloging costs and a changing conception of cataloging." catalogers' and, classifiers' yearbook, a . l . a . , 1936, pp. 45-54. on getting a job done, once it was assigned, that i have had no time to worry about whether it was interesting or not—and i have dug ditches, pitched hay, and picked stones out of the road. perspective on the material cataloged following the perspective on work as an opportunity for satisfaction in accomplishment, there is the perspective of interest in the materials with which the work is concerned. here cataloging books has an advantage over shoveling dirt. a german professor emigre, who took a job shelving books in a library, told me that the year he spent at it was the most interesting of his life, because he saw all the important new books as they came in, and all the important old books as they came from circulation. t h e cataloger has the advantage of being able to see inside the books. t h e cataloger is both accomplishing something and working with interesting materials. perspective on people t h e third perspective is perspective on people. i have known persons who thought they would prefer the routine of circulation to that of cataloging, because they like to deal with people. in my own experience, i find the people i meet in catalog departments interesting personalities. it is the cataloger's perspective on his fellow-catalogers that makes his organization function flexibly and smoothly according to its personnel. and it is the cataloger's perspective on the varieties of people who use the library which determines the adaptability of cataloging results to their uses. one need not see the patrons as they charge out a book, or ask where the world almanac is, or where they left their hats. one can learn more about them from the september, 1940 34 7 books ordered for their use, from the courses they teach and from the books they write—"by their works shall ye know them." t h i s is the perspective i mean— a sort of combined perspective on books and people, a perspective on the use-objective of the library catalog. perspective on financial exigencies finally, there is the financial perspective, and here the fault, where and if it exists, is most probably with the head cataloger, or the librarian, or the college administration. t h e college president cannot with propriety take every member of the college staff into his confidence on details of finances and budgets. t h e librarian is in a similar situation as regards the library staff. t h e chief cataloger cannot tell his assistant all he knows, whether of financial, educational or administrative policies. but they should all be able and willing to pass on enough of their perspective so that the staff member will want to be a cooperator, rather than a perfectionist, to go along with a new proposal as far as possible, to find ways over obstacles, not to magnify them. i once accused one of my staff of not wanting to change anything unless it would improve matters, while i wanted to change everything if it would improve matters. t h e two attitudes sound pretty much alike, but there is a world of difference between them. miss macpherson suggests this in "some thoughts on the philosophy of cataloging."6 n o w , grant, as you must, that the remedy of more money and still more money is not available in endowed institutions, and grant, as you should, that the high cost of cataloging must be reduced, 6 m a c p h e r s o n , h a r r i e t d. " s o m e thoughts on the philosophy of c a t a l o g i n g . " 'library quarterly 9 : 6 3 7 1 . j a n . 1939. and grant, as you probably will, that specific remedies have thus far not been generally effective, you will surely sympathize with my appeal for the cultivation of perspective on cataloging work as work, on the material cataloged, on cataloging personnel, on users and uses of catalog cards, and on the financial necessity of applying the various specific remedies with a maximum of gain in work accomplished and a minimum loss in usefulness to readers. in achieving economies in organization, much depends on the size and flexibility of the staff as a whole, as well as on the flexibility and caliber of the individual members of it. one cataloger may organize himself quite simply and satisfactorily —granted full perspective—and two catalogers may agree to get on together, but it takes three to make a crowd—and several more, plus typists, filing assistants, etc., to make an organization flexible enough to experiment with divisions of work either by subject or by process. t o introduce machinery you must have enough work to keep the machine busy, enough personnel to spare one person to operate the machine, and enough other people to profit by the machine's saving of time. for example, if enough of us have enough card duplication to do and enough staff to operate the machine and still leave typists and other junior assistants free to relieve the catalogers, then we will get the right kind of duplicating machine—one that will avoid the necessity of putting every card on the typewriter for addition of subject headings, added entries, etc. t h e n we can make use of such job analyses as m r . miller's.7 some libraries with a staff sufficiently 7 m i l l e r , robert a . " c o s t a c c o u n t i n g f o r l i b r a r i e s : acquisition and c a t a l o g i n g . " library quarterly 7 : 5 1 1 3 6 , oct. 1 9 3 7 . 332 college and research libraries large, flexible, and experienced have been able to make use of junior catalogers or typists to relieve catalogers of two of these items (searching and checking, and completion of cataloging) which, together, according to miller, take 45 per cent of ''direct labor time" in cataloging a new book. chance for economy another useful breakdown of cataloging activities is miss akers' "relation of the professional and clerical division of cataloging activities to cataloging courses."8 for our purposes, we need to make four instead of two divisions: ( 1 ) supervision—i.e. chief cataloger, reviser, or first assistant; ( 2 ) cataloger; ( 3 ) junior cataloger (semi-professional) ; ( 4 ) clerical. of course, the more divisions we make, the more they overlap one another and the more any division of labor must be kept flexible and adaptable to individual capabilities. applying this four-fold division to miss akers' 72 professional activities indicates a good possibility of economy within the professional and semi-professional group, and some possibility of more profitable use of the time of the experienced clerical workers. if in a given library the clerical staff has been well developed over a period of years, it is possible that they may relieve the professional staff of 19 of their 72 activities— only, however, if the chief cataloger and her immediate assistants have a perspective on people (for psychoanalysis is fully as important as job analysis in personnel w o r k ) , a perspective on the objectives of the catalog in the college milieu, and a perspective on the financial exigencies s akers, susan grey. " t h e relation of the professional and clerical division of cataloging activities to cataloging courses." library quarterly 5 : 1 0 1 3 6 , j a n . 1935. of the institution and of the times.9 when clerical assistants, particularly typists, can be made to relieve catalogers' time for more expert work, the economy of typists' time becomes important. t w e n t y years ago, when i became interested in the possibilities of short cataloging and in the selective use of it, i was not concerned with the saving of typists' time nor with the congestion and unwieldiness of the card catalog, as i am now. when one of my superior officers said, " e v e r y click of the typewriter costs money," i took the attitude of the old bridgetender who looked at the town clock and set the clock at one end of the bridge, then set the clock at the other end of the bridge, and denied that his two clocks could disagree, because he walked across the bridge "in no time." t h a t is the way i felt about clicks of the typewriter (but with 30,000 arrears of typing, i don't feel that way any more). t h a t may be the way the typist feels, and that's the way the cataloger feels—the way every perfectionist feels who takes pride in his work. perhaps i should have listed two perspectives instead of f o u r : a sense of time, and a perspective on the importance of details relative to their cost in time and money and to the use to be made of them. w e say glibly, "whatever is worth doing is worth doing w e l l , " but we should say, "whatever is worth doing is worth doing well enough to serve the purpose for which it is undertaken."10 many suggestions have been made for economizing on the clicks of the typewriter. i shall note only a few of them. 8 cf. gjelsness, rudolph h . , and wright, wyllis e. "organization of the preparation division, new y o r k public l i b r a r y . " catalogers' and classifiers' yearbook, 1936, pp. 26-35. currier, thomas f . " p r e l i m i n a r y cataloging." college and research libraries 1:235-40, j u n e 1940. 1 0 cf. smith, esther a . " f o r m c a r d s . " catalogers and classifiers' yearbook, 1936. september, 1940 34 7 1. machines for reproducing cards. the chief obstacles are the expensiveness of some, the relatively impermanent and unsightly results of others, and the necessity of putting all the cards on the typewriter to add subject and added entries— unless or until the library of congress or other card printing agencies can supply complete sets of cards ready for filing. meanwhile, suppose you have large arrears of typing and of cataloging and a lifetime's work of reclassification, at the same time urgent needs of added personnel in reference and other departments, and no reasonable prospect of additional appropriations. one might try the improved hektograph machines, buy the best, operate it as expertly as possible, and be satisfied if the results are no better than legible for twenty years. with the ditto machine, it is possible easily to pick up subject and added entries from the tracings on the master card and place them at the top of the respective additional cards. 2. reduction in number of cards written. bishop's statement, made nearly thirty years ago, on subject entries remains true today, and the situation is aggravated by the growing unwieldiness of card catalogs. at one time during the depression, the catalog at brown university needed respacing. as an experiment i tried retiring cards that seemed to me unnecessary; the reference librarian revised my selection and approved removal of about 5 per cent of all the cards in the trays with which we experimented. the catalogers soon asked, "should we write and file cards that are going to be retired ?" and i replied, " y o u shouldn't but i don't know how to stop you." they then took over the experiment, with the result that now we probably use not more than two-thirds as many subject cards as the library of 334 c o l l congress, and not half as many title cards. this is a difficult undertaking, lacking any code. the only safe solution that i can suggest is a study of some large catalog with the library of congress list of subject headings in hand. such a case study would result in many unforeseen economies i am sure, and one can foresee profitable comments on the too specific subject as a most unlikely place to look, on the piling up of "related" subjects that might be eliminated in favor of references, on the duplication of titles under headings which refer to each other, on the unnecessary subject cards for research material that will be consulted on the shelves or via the shelf list.11 this is a case where one can't see the wood without having seen the trees—a case study is needed, and it could be combined with osborn's suggestion of special subject lists by class. 3. shortening of cards written. (a) headings. we have been amused at our own lincoln collection catalog, where some 3000 cards are headed "lincoln, abraham, pres. u.s., 1809-1869." (b) the other contents of the card. there are too many details to discuss here, and nothing new to say about them and the limited applicability of omission or abbreviation, but by special request, here is an illustrative problem: there are many kinds of periodicals, used in different ways—all the way from the most authoritative learned journal, down to the house organ, and pulp magazines, and advertising and propaganda sheets, which are used, if at all, to see what they or their sponsoring organizations are like and of which "enough is as good as a feast." falling heir to some 3000 volumes of trade association and 1 1 hitchcock, jennette eliza. " s u b j e c t coverage in university l i b r a r y catalogs." library quarterly 10:69-94, j a n . 1940. ege and res e arc li l i b r a r i e s trade union journals and newspapers only more or less complete, would you throw them out against what the department of instruction alleges and what you believe to be their interest? would you tackle the impossible job of completing them, spend five thousand dollars on binding them and another thousand or so on cataloging them ? h o w would you meet the suggestion that you "don't bother to catalog them but just arrange them somewhere on the shelves where we can find them"? t h e perfectionist who would say "all or none" would be lacking in perspective on subject matter of books, on the people likely to use them, and on the catalog as a tool for these users.12 selective cataloging i have been a disciple of the late ernest cushing richardson and while i think some of his reasoning and mathematics fallacious and some of his proposed remedies worse than the disease, he was one of the great philosophers of our profession. it is always a temptation to quote him. t a k e this from his startling paper on " t h e curse of bibliographical cataloguing:" a study of printed cards in the union catalog shows a great percentage of books that oughtn't to be in existence at all, except for very remote bibliographical purposes, and extremely remote specialized research for which a single short author card at two and four-tenths cents would be quite sufficient.13 there remains a question which i have put before—whether, since the order department of a research library is not permitted to apply the principles of book selection, may not the catalog department apply these principles to the selection of 1 2 smith, esther a . loc. cit. 1 3 richardson, ernest c. " t h e curse of bibliographical cataloguing." american library institute, 1 9 3 1 . books for prompt and complete cataloging, as against books which may be deferred or cataloged more briefly. t o sum up, the librarian alone can have the broad perspectives that come from contacts with the administration and faculty on the one hand, and with the library and library staff on the other. he may say to his faculty colleagues that they are entitled to tell him what they want, but not how to get it. it is his duty to pass on to his heads of departments as much as possible of his perspective on what is wanted, and he must depend on their cooperation to get it. it is the cataloger alone who can get results, and it is his duty to absorb as much perspective as he can, and, when he can't, to credit his superior officers with the perspective he has not. he must go along with them as far and as fast as is practicable—to be willing to change everything if it will improve matters. a sharing of perspectives on cataloging w o r k ; on books and their place in the college; on staff and readers; on the uses of cataloging results, and on what results the college can afford —this is the only cure for the high cost of cataloging. with this cumulative perspective, the many specific remedies invented already, or to be invented, may be applied with safety and curative effect. head catalogers should keep fully up to date on specific devices: new tricks in organization and division of labor, and in cataloging economies. and they should not forget the old ones, since these may become applicable, and are suggestive of new inventions. without perspective, the specific remedies are likely to fail of application, to be misapplied, to be applied in overdoses, to be given to the wrong patients—all to the ultimate aggravation, rather than the cure, of the high cost of cataloging. september, 1940 34 7 college and research libraries 204 i college & research libraries • may 1970 zens will benefit enormously. every city can and should have such a library as dr. martin envisions for chicago, a "nerve center ... for contemporary information, in substance functioning as th~ fact bank, information switchboard, and special library for the general populace."-edwin castagna, enoch pratt free library. library automation; a state of the art review. ed. by stephen r. salmon. chicago: american library association, 1969. 175p. $7.50. (73-77283). the papers presented at the ala preconference institute on library automation at san francisco in june 1967 constitute this volume. the purpose of the institute was to inform ala members of the state of the art of library automation. it achieved its purpose, and with the principal exception of on-line applications described since 1967, it still constitutes an informative review for librarians not directly involved in research and development. separate sections of the report are devoted to acquisitions, cataloging, serials, and circulation, but the publication lacks an adequate review of information retrieval. necessarily lacking are descriptions of on-line systems in acquisitions, serials, and circulation that have been activated since 1967. other sections discuss the marc project at the library of congress, networks, system analysis and design, and buildings. the marc project has had major developments since 1967, which of course are not in library automation. on the other hand, system analysis and design is a timeless topic. one of the most interesting sections is that by robert h. rohlf entitled "building-planning implications of automation." this section does not give cookbook answers to those who wish detailed replies to the question "how will library automation affect the building i am planning?" but it does give a valuable basis from which effective planning can proceed. library automation will be a useful and informative publication for some years to come.-frederick g. kilgour, the ohio college library center. cataloging u.s.a. by paul s. dunkin. chicago: american library association, 1969. 159p. $5.00. ( 69-17830). paul dunkin has given us a brief survey of cataloging theory in the united states. he prefaces his book with an annotated list of the most influential writings on cataloging; after which he summarizes the cataloging codes from cutter's on. then, under each problem area-entry, description, subject, classification, the catalog-he discusses the major points of view and their theoretical bases. his expressed intention is to show why we catalog as we do. the categories, assumptions, and objectives of the transcendent theories are presented with clarity. we see how we arrived at our current practices, that they do not form a coherent whole and reflect historical not logical development. they are largely "the accumulation of what has been done in lc" ( p. 143) , a compromise of conflicting bibliographical objectives, particularly of conflicting theories on "the public's needs and/ or wants. (they are not necessarily the same.)" we index the book collection both to locate a work and to relate it to other works. that is our first principle. cataloging attempts to do this systematically, and parts of cutter's coherent but expensive system still stand. parts have fallen under attack. but no matter how cogent or inviting later theories have been, the system has remained closed to any but peripheral and compromised changes, adopted usually for economic reasons and tending to make the system a less coherent whole. mr. dunkin shows us why we have arrived at our current practices. we all know what they are and what problems they raise in application and comprehension. thus we enter works on "principles of authorship," not according to the title page statement the author and publisher have agreed on. our forms of entry reflect wave after wave of opinion. we relate some types of material by added entries, others by uniform titles, and still others by form headings. our subject headings reflect a number of views on the uses of language, and a continual reduction of attempts to apply them systematically or to relate them fully. marc finds it necessary to bolster our descriptions with explicit statements on such points as language of text, country of origin, and index. even the paging statement, shown to be most important in es..: tablishing editions, has gone wild with the acceptance of title ii descriptions. the catalog gets larger and more confusing. the attempt to tie cataloging at least physically to books was dismissed ten years ago in the library of congress' the cataloging-in-source experiment. this report, called by dunkin "an amazing document," is one still deeply resented by catalogers outside the library of congress, who did not feel the experiment's pressures. nothing since has promised immediate practical relief. attempts to tie cataloging more logically or even more simply to books have added to the cost or to the confusion or to both. mr. dunkin has tried to limit himself to descriptive rather than critical analysis. the reader will be grateful to have the history laid out concisely. this is an important book, intelligently done; if it emerges as a kind of epitaph to cataloging theory as we have known it, perhaps machines will someday release us and give us a chance at theories again.-lois hacker, cornell university libraries. prolegomena to library classification. 3d ed. by s. r. ranganathan, assisted by m. a. gopinath. new york: asia publishing house, 1967. 640p. (73-427373). it is with deep gratitude that i remember my first encounter with the prolegomena. it (then in its second edition) opened my eyes with its clear statements of the problems of classification, as well as with its amazing revelation that anyone had gone so far toward their solution. this third edition is not a revision in the usual sense, but r ather a development of those parts of the second edition of the greatest generality, excluding much of the historical, speculative, and practical discussions which (the author informs us) are being developed in two other books: classification: retrospective and prospective, and d epth classification and its d esign. thus the new prolegomena consists, in a way, of three separate titles. libraries ·with the recent publications j 205 second edition should not retire it to inactive storage unless they acquire all three new titles. if there is a work in which is concentrated (and the word must be taken in a very strong sense) all that is most germinal in the theory of classification, it is the prolegomena. nothing else can rank with it except the 1876 dewey and cutter works, and perhaps the gardin team's l'automatisation des recherches documentaires. in this new incarnation it has become more than ever nothing but what-must-be-considered-before ... , less a survey that includes prolegomena! matter. no one (except the beginning student, who would in all but a very few cases be quite put off by the unaccustomed rigor of the mode of exposition and who would be in principle unaware of the aporia in the praxis that have led to this theoria) who is serious about understanding, constructing, applying, or using any classification or system of indexing can afford to be uninformed about what ranganathan works through here. the new edition would better have been (like the second) printed in england; there are misprints in abundance, though most are not too serious-just irritating. but there are a few weaknesses of a more serious sort. interpolation (internal hospitality) in chain ( §lg) is not really explained, though ranganathan along with everyone else assumes that dewey's radixfractional principle makes it possible. but it may instead be that only a faceted notation does-and then only in a somewhat weak sense. dichotomy is discussed in the proper pejorative light (§pc) , but its real function (positive/negative = enumeration/" others") is not mentioned. figure 16 ( p. 367) is intended to show the complexity of "the tree of knowledge"; it is so complex as to confuse, and the lack of explanatory text makes it not a help but a hindrance to the reader. udc is made to seem to have anteriorising common isolates (p. 448-449), which would assuredly surprise most of its adherents; the lack of phase-relational flexibility in udc (p. 462) is largely true, but the pioneer efforts of kervegant have led at least to an official t est of a relator-schema of my own college and research libraries by c l i f f o r d b. c l a p p critique and design on the cost of cataloging mr. clapp is head of the catalog department, university of pennsylvania library, philadelphia. th i s y e a r a call has been issued to re-consider cataloging. it has been a call so clear and insistent that it cannot be disregarded either by catalogers, or administrators of cataloging, or administrators of libraries. it concerns the theory or philosophy of cataloging, its efficiency, and even more its cost. in recent talks on the subject at the meetings of the american library association in boston and cambridge stress has been laid on the cost of cataloging. both m r . m e t c a l f 1 and m r . osborn2 have issued a challenge to catalogers and administrators to remedy the increasingly difficult situation of mounting costs.3 w h e n , with their papers before us, we rehearse their analyses and appeals, we find them both taking a very sympathetic position in placing a joint responsibility on library administrator and cataloger and in appealing for more mutual understanding and more collaboration. 1 m e t c a l f , k e y e s d . " t h e a t t i t u d e of the lib r a r y administrator toward cataloging." a.l.a. bulletin 3s:p-48-5i, sept. 1941. 2 osborn, a n d r e w d. the crisis in cataloging. 1941. a l s o in the library quarterly 11:409-10, oct. 1941. 3 since the present paper was written the experimental division on library cooperation of the l i b r a r y of congress has issued as its first bulletin herbert a . k e l l a r ' s memoranda on library cooperation, sept. 1941, which contains an important section on the same situation and the related problems of cataloging arrears. a t the same time there seems to be an implication that the difficulties are mainly the cataloger's problem, which the librarian must study and help her to solve. t h e feeling is probably pretty general that the major responsibility is the cataloger's. a somewhat different view is shown in miss macdonald's paper,4 which followed m r . metcalf's at boston. it is evident that she expects the librarian to take more of the responsibility than merely to insist and discuss and agree, that she expects of him at least a full partnership in the question and probably more. is not that implied when she says, "librarians need to develop a positive attitude to the card catalog"? it is evident, i am sure, when, after pointing out the development of specialized collections and services she asks (and answers), " w h o is primarily responsible for such increases? certainly not the catalogers." it is not fair nor wise to place much stress on the share of responsibility to be borne by librarian or catalog department administrator or any group in the personnel. m r . metcalf and m r . osborn agree that administrators and catalogers have grown too far apart. t h e present paper, written from the point of view of the manager of a catalog department, is an attempt to lay the basis for some remedial 4 macdonald, m. ruth. " t h e cataloger's response to the a d m i n i s t r a t o r . " a.l.a. bulletin 35:58-59, sept. 1941. march, 1942 15 7 action in the face of this situation. w h a t is written here is no catholicon. it teems with disputable assertions. but it is in some respect representative of conditions and needs observed by the writer in various libraries and may afford to librarians and catalogers some suggestions for definite cooperation and improvement. t h e r e is a tendency to think about cataloging in general terms and in bulk. viewed in such general fashion there is really no such thing as the cost of cataloging. there is forgetfulness of the fact that the cataloging dollar, like the housewife's dollar, is a relative thing. t h e r e is some disregard of the professions of catalogers that they are responding to the demands of reference departments, the cost of whose service is more seldom questioned. if these things seem to show too little thinking about cataloging, some other things indicate one-sided thinking or insufficient basic knowledge about cataloging. for example, there is a tendency to blame the complexity of catalog cards and the multiplicity of entries and of special catalogs for the entire sin of cataloging expense. overelaboration of records is, of course, a feature of costliness, but it is not per se the prime offender. its main significance is not, in this age of rules and of machines, that it is time-consuming but that it tends to disproportionately expensive organization and personnel. m r . osborn devotes several pages to the theories and niceties of cataloging and related functions of catalog departments and only two to the organization of the department. but he perfectly appreciates the importance of the organization to problems of cost, for he says, "organizational questions are equally pressing," and he indicates several of these questions. place of personnel t h e place of personnel in catalog department work is probably the hardest thing to discuss in library publications. questions of personnel are vital elements in cataloging cost, and they present the most serious problems of both catalog department heads and librarians, or at least they ought to be so considered. in a paper like the present one, no allinclusive design for catalog department economy could possibly be set up. but it seems very important to present something, and for the sake of emphasis i am offering my little something with the personal pronoun. m r . osborn has suggested that the library administrator needs to know a good deal about cataloging from the inside, and that a prospective administrator might well spend a year as an intern in a good catalog department. let me suggest as an alternative to this that an actual library administrator spend a month in a bad cataloging department, or at least in one where the cost is running too high. i think that if that were done a sort of pattern would form in his conception of his catalog department, which would embrace much more than the questions of cataloging codes, theories of cataloging, and multiplicity of records. in some libraries he would find that costs suffer because of poor equipment, because of great distances between points within the scope of everyday activities, and because reference tools are lacking. aside from such local conditions, first, he would criticize bad habits in administration, like neglecting to see things through, toleration of disorderliness, and use of caustic criticism. next, he would observe inadequate cooperation by superiors and coordinate departments in furnishing in164 c o l l e g e , and research libraries formation or making decisions. t h e n he would notice improper assignment of duties, especially neglect of possibilities of using lower-priced people on some work. i think he would discover that there was want of a simple system of dealing with portions of the material coming for cataloging. i think he would criticize the department for its habit of applying maximum instead of minimum standards of treatment in classifying and cataloging and shelflisting and marking. among his classifiers and catalogers he would see that there was failure to discriminate between the permanent and the temporary and between the pristine and the already indexed or described. he would find, if it were an old catalog department, an inadequate psychological reaction to the situation, by higher-priced people especially, shown by overmeticulousness in unimportant matters, inability to place reliance on others, unadaptiveness to new work or methods, and, finally, slowing down. conditions affecting cost such are some of the conditions affecting the cost of cataloging that would be found in some departments. it would be silly, of course, to infer any implication here that they are characteristic of all catalog departments or that all these conditions would prevail in one department. a longer period in the catalog department would bring out some factors of larger scale and significance that dominate the work no matter what may be its personnel and organization. t h e first is the exceeding importance of machines of the right type and quantity, like typewriters, electric erasers, and book trucks, and, in some circumstances, mimeograph and pasting machines. t h e next is proper light and air and some degree of medical inspection. another is the planned flow of books into the department. t h e n there is the need for better budgeting of libraries and catalog departments. it is a fact, strange as it may seem, that many cataloging chiefs are less bound by tradition and seemingly inexorable precedent than librarians and the heads of the public departments and less afraid of doing wrong than the principal members of their own staffs. supposing that in the search for efficiency and reformation of costs such a catalog department head is sitting at a council table with the librarian or his deputy, with papers and plans giving a broad view of the department. a candid exposition would probably reveal three main things appearing as immovable as mountains: first, a well-developed organization on traditional lines; second, a high cataloging standard; and third, a practical disregard of the possibility of dispatching collections of books, papers, and costs on anything like a budgetary basis. librarian knows functions t h e librarian would know the individual positions and salaries of the members of the catalog department, and he would know in a general way the functions they were performing, like classifying, shelflisting, filing, and so on, and the types of material they were handling, such as art, science, and education. o f course he would know their individualities and capabilities. it is doubtful whether he would know that card work was 25 per cent of cost, and administration 7 per cent, or that the work of a shelflister was one tenth or one twenty-fifth of the cost of cataloging. in a library adding ten, twenty, or thirty thousand volumes a year and handling a considerable amount of special colmarch, 1942 16 7 lection and departmental library work, together with cooperative work, films, maps, and the like, there are at least a dozen basic positions or functions in the cataloging service. from two to four of these may be combined into single positions. in smaller libraries the functions of these positions exist but may be still further combined. for example, in a library handling six thousand volumes without much departmental library work the dozen places might be combined into about four. in a very large library the skeleton outline would be developed according to need by adding more persons in some positions, more catalogers, more typists, and so on. t h i s is a standard organization, not necessarily the ideal one. positions in catalog department these dozen positions are ( i ) superintendent, ( 2 ) distributor, ( 3 ) classifier, ( 4 ) general cataloger, ( 5 ) serials cataloger, ( 6 ) shelflister, ( 7 ) card secretary, (8) reviser, ( 9 ) card filer, ( 1 0 ) typist, ( 1 1 ) book preparer, ( 1 2 ) departmental library agent. t h e distributor receives books from half a dozen different sources and routes them to classifiers and catalogers, may interpose at any point in the routine to forward books, and is the natural follow-up agent for anything that is searched for or anything that is unduly delayed. hers is a key position, which demands one of the most intelligent and well-balanced persons on the staff. nevertheless, her salary rating will average five against a classifier's six or seven. t h e serials cataloger may catalog new serials and adjust old ones, but she must (if the position is a single one) devote most of her time to routine adding of volumes and parts. in salary she may rate as low as four, but, if there is a full-fledged serials division with two or more members, she may go as high as seven. t h e card secretary orders and receives printed cards, directs mimeograph work, and supervises the typists. in smaller departments her work may be combined with shelflisting, revision, filing, searching files, etc. t h e book preparer pastes and marks books. t h e departmental library agent forwards books to departmental libraries, receives books from them, visits them, advises their librarians and the officers of the department, sometimes does their filing, and in general acts as liaison agent with the main library. she has to be a person of tact and ability, but her rating is only three or four, unless she acts as classifier or cataloger for departments. t h e card filer, responsible only for filing in the public catalog, rates at three or four on the basis of her main work, and since she files only about half time she does other work of about the same grade. in a small library she may be responsible for other files. in a library with a depository library of congress catalog a separate filer is necessary. in the very large library the work of neither filing position can be handled by one person alone. t h e ratings of which i have spoken are salary ratings, based on a unit system in which a page is one unit. t h e ratings are those which it is necessary to give to the positions in order to obtain and keep competent people. t h e y are as follows: ( 1 ) superintendent, 7 to 1 4 ; ( 2 ) distributor, 4 to 6 ; ( 3 ) classifier, 5 to 8 ; ( 4 ) cataloger, 4 to 7 ; ( 5 ) serials cataloger, 4 to 7 ; ( 6 ) shelflister, 3 to 5 ; ( 7 ) card secretary, 3 to 4 ; (8) reviser, 4 to 5 ; ( 9 ) card filer, 3 to 4 ; ( 1 0 ) typist, 2 to 3 ; ( 1 1 ) book preparer, 2 to 3 ; ( 1 2 ) departmental agent, 3 to 4. 166 c o l l e g e , and research libraries minimum requirements a f t e r a couple of combinations of positions, with a skeleton staff of ten, at the lowest ratings, the catalog department's minimum requirements will be just under f o r t y ; without such combinations, and with average ratings, the requirements will be between fifty-five and sixty. if the unit of rating is valued at $ 3 0 0 , the department must pay a minimum of about $ 1 2 , 0 0 0 and a maximum of $ 1 8 , 0 0 0 , the latter at average and not maximum salaries, to carry on the twelve functions that have been detailed. w h a t can be obtained for this money? m a t c h i n g volumes cataloged against number of people in the department, calculations made on the basis of figures from several large university libraries show production ranging all the way from eight hundred to twenty-five hundred or three thousand volumes cataloged per year per person in the department. in the case of the eight hundred there is reason to think that the department employed quite a number of low-priced people, w h o gave either part-time or else low-degree service. in the case of the other extreme, twentyfive hundred or three thousand, i apprehend that everything went through the mill, foreign dissertations, multiple copies of textbooks, etc. w h e n you try to match volumes cataloged against salaries of people in the departments, there are closer similarities between some libraries and greater discrepancies between some. figures for several show cost per volume ranging from 85^ to $ 1 . 1 5 , and i hear sometimes of 65<j: and $2. i do not believe any reliance can be placed on anything but the most exact knowledge of conditions. t h e figures are practically worthless, except to suggest that what i call a skeleton staff of ten people paid rather poorly might catalog fifteen thousand volumes a year. some doing less work if that is the case, then some catalog departments are doing proportionately less work with a larger staff, or a higher-paid one, than if they had the skeleton staff. bear in mind that i say proportionately. t h e work is intricate and positions are therefore mixed and therefore calculations are intricate and uncertain. b u t when cataloging staffs tend to produce less in proportion to their increase in size and in total salaries it means overbalancing somewhere. it may mean that the best-paid people, doing the higher-grade work, are doing comparatively less of it and that the work is in a manner of speaking too high grade. some of it has to be refined but probably too much of it is too refined. t h e point, then, is that one method of reducing cost is to give a better balance to the staff, emphasizing possibly the middle grades. t h a t may mean emphasizing the middle grades of work as well as of positions, and that probably means retreating somewhat from completeness and perfection. t h e same conclusion must inevitably be reached if we read and reread the practical suggestions of m r . metcalf and m r . osborn. t h e same conclusion was reached longer ago by ernest cushing richardson. bibliographical cataloging has its place but numerically it is a minor one. scholarship on the staff fosters respect for our classifiers and catalogers but scholarly and scientific research are not a main object of our work. i should be the last person to advocate lowering the standard of a major portion of our personnel. bibliographers in a catalog department are necessary. t h e r e will be no quarrel march, 1942 16 7 with bibliographical cataloging of incunabula, early americana, literary first editions, fine books, local items, and manj undescribed rarities. t h e work on these must not be in the hands of second-rate people. but the place for most bibliographical work is in the keeping of certain types of special library, of custodians of special collections, and of private research. full and well-nigh perfect cataloging is now standard, brought to that rating by the library of congress cards and by the a . l . a . rules. it is not the having of this perfection that is expensive, it is the perfect devotion to it, the single standard, the lapse from reason. three grades of cataloging m r . osborn makes what is perhaps his most important practical suggestion when he calls for "three distinct and approved grades of cataloging" which would be followed "in the code" as well as "in many libraries." in connection with this we must not miss his statement that "standard cataloging," one of his three approved grades, "would be less detailed in many respects than the 1908 code or the library of congress formerly required." if the cost of cataloging is to be lowered permanently a greater proportion of it must be done within the medium grades of salary requirement and a greater reliance must be placed on carefully developed lower grades. t h i s has been exemplified in the development of preliminary cataloging at harvard, a method adaptable in some degree at least to high-priced departments anywhere—prophecies of woe to the contrary notwithstanding. cataloging on the library of congress standard cannot be done except by a thoroughly trained or experienced professional staff. t h e great obstacle to acceptance of a medium grade of cataloging is that for many years now it has not been nationally standard. therefore, the distribution of standard medium cards for a portion of the cataloging of a subject or type of material under the sponsorship of a national agency would definitely promote lower costs. t h e means are available: first, the outline of a code in miss mann's "local unit" card; second, the use of lower-cost preparation, perhaps on the lines of the harvard system; third, the supplying of copy for current publications within certain agreed fields by ten or more libraries;5 fourth, the production and distribution by one or more centers under the direction and authority of the library of congress of a considerable quantity of mimeographed instead of printed cards.6 mimeographed cards, now being produced by the university of pennsylvania and some other libraries, are at their best equal to or better than the best typewritten cards. by the combination of these stages the cataloging, production, distribution, and receipt of cards for a portion of the material cataloged could take place all within one week, at a lower cost than present library of congress work. mechanics of plan it would be impossible in a paper of this length to indicate the mechanics of such a plan,7 which is, after all, only one of the ways of standardizing medium cataloging—perhaps i should say restandardizing it. t h e r e are two or three ways of carrying out the project or of experimenting with it on a considerable scale. it is easy to understand the objections to a 5 m o s t of the libraries should be located in big cities and act as sponsors f o r c o o p e r a t i v e c a t a l o g i n g in those metropolitan areas. 6 e n a b l i n g the l i b r a r y of c o n g r e s s to print more c a r d s f o r important works. 7 k e l l a r i n v i t e s the discussion of such plans. 168 c o l l e g e , and research libraries plan like this on the part of catalogers disliking to see a retrogression in the beauty and legibility of even a portion of the cards, and on the part of librarians responsive to the demands of reference departments for the highest degree of inclusiveness of information. nevertheless, if the single aim is economy, there is here required new understanding, willingness, and courage, and no little energy and tedious study. alteration of the organization of a catalog department has to come about gradually. in contemplating such alterations, happy may be the librarian who has arrears of material to be cataloged.8 it is the easier for him to make shifts of work without injustice to existing personnel. t h i s is not intended to justify arrears; but in streamlining the department, to use m r . osborn's term, the librarian with arrears has the greater resources. he can budget these resources over, say, a threeyear period. a f t e r providing for the books purchased for immediate use he can determine the time required and the cost of preparation of the rest of the books, including the collections on hand and the average accessions of gifts. he can force the cataloging, or in some cases the simple classifying and indexing, of, say, one third of the material in one year, within the stipulated cost, by whatever method is required to accomplish it. t h i s is important: by whatever method is required to accomplish it. he can receive periodically, or at the end of the year, a statement of arrears within the plan, with the reasons therefor, of unforeseen accessions and of special unforeseen work, and of the cost of carrying on the plan on the same or a revised basis. 8 s e e the figures on a r r e a r s in k e l l a r ' s m e m o r a n d a . budgetary control handling library accessions in this way is the identical twin of budgetary procedure, concerning which john h . m a c donald has written,9 "budgetary control assumes a genuine desire on the part of the entire organization, from the president to the office boy, to keep as close to the previously charted course as possible, to accept responsibility for doing so, to check actual performance against the plans, and in every other respect to use the budget as a real road map to reach the previously established goal." but if the library has no arrears—and this would be a happy situation, too—does not the plan of dispatching collections on a budgetary basis suggest the idea of some temporary cataloging or even listing, pending the grouping of lots or masses of like material which can be most economically done by groups? since the question is how to economize, the hypothetical diminishing of the catalog's service and all the predicted difficulties of reclaiming books for completion of work cannot be allowed to prevent the consideration of such a policy for at least a portion of the acquisitions or accumulations. in the present year there is much mooting of cataloging questions. o n account of the issuance of the tentative second edition of the a . l . a . code, there will be enough discussion to satisfy the most enthusiastic or serious devotees of technical excellence. t h e time should not pass without a very serious, if not enthusiastic, discussion of the technique involved in reform of catalog department expense, and discussion should not end without some sort of national or general action. 9 m a c d o n a l d , john h . practical budget procedure, n e w y o r k , p r e n t i c e h a l l , i n c . , 1939, p2. march, 1942 16 7 college and research libraries readex microprint publications 1950-1960. [new york: readex microprint corp., n.d.j 47p. on request. this year is the tenth anniversary of the first publications of the readex microprint corporation. since june 1950 they have issued "more than 250,000 titles" on micro~ print cards. this catalogue lists their publications by major categories, and includes a five-page index to help locate inclusive subject headings within these wide groupings. southwestern newspapers on microfilm. dallas, tex.: microfilm service & sales co. (p. 0. box 8066), [n.d.j 62p. on request. five states in the southwestern region of the united states (arkansas, louisiana, new mexico, oklahoma, and texas) cover a wide area with dallas roughly at its center. this catalogue lists some four hundred publications (or approximately twenty million filmed pages) microfilmed in this area. the arrangement is by state, broken down alphabetically by city. coverage in louisiana is very slight. also listed are holdings of the oklahoma historical society and the arkansas history commission. queries about these items should be directed to them and not to the publisher.-hubbard w. ballou ) photographic services) columbia university libraries. studies in cataloging and classification cataloging and classification. by maurice f. tauber. subject headings. by carlyle j. frarey. (the state of the library art, vol. 1, parts l-2) ed. by ralph r. shaw. new brunswick: rutgers university graduate school of library service, 1960. 271, 92 p. this is part of the series forming dean ralph shaw's review of "perhaps forty percent of the entire range of librarianship and. bibliography," and it is a grand job. the november 1960 task of surveying the literature has been well done. the "state of the art" is clearly and comprehensively presented. the evaluation of this state is penetrating. and the consequent proposals for research projects are the sound result of mature understanding. one example from the first section of the book may help describe the method of these studies. the literature on the question of a divided catalog is summarized in five pages and the evaluation is then: do the studies aid a librarian in making a decision in regard to the division of the catlog for a particular library? the answer must be no, unless a particular library catalog is examined in relation to particular groups of users. it would seem that . what evidence is available supports division for almost any catalog of any size. the presence of guesswork and rationalization, however, suggests that further study of the arrangement of the catalog is desirable. as a consequence, three proposals are made for further study-one a statistical study of entry duplication in divided catalogs of various sizes; a second to test a three-way split into authors, subjects, and titles; and the third an experiment in the horizontal division of the catalog by date periods. later, in a summary chapter entitled "program for the future," a fourth study is proposed to determine the administrative efficiency of filing in a divided catalog. the author expresses conviction that division of catalogs may lead "to the harmonious shift to printed catalogs for subjects for older portions of the collection"; and similarly penetrating observations are made under the other topics discussed. the author's proposals for research projects were the motivation for the clr grant: "the council early considered the possibilities for basic research in library problems. a necessary preliminary step appeared to be a listing of the problems and a survey of the present state of knowledge regarding them in order to permit a selection of topics offering promise to investigation." this book suggests eighty-five of these topics in cataloging. they include seven each in the areas of descriptive cataloging, classification, "collectanea" files, and documents; and a lesser 497 number each for shelf lists, the sheaf catalog, expansion of card catalogs, centralized cataloging, and eleven other areas. it is notable that nine topics relate to the potentialities of book catalogs and ten to the use of card catalogs. each of these proposals is thoughtfully designed; and they deserve the careful consideration of librarians in colleges, special libraries, library schools, and elsewhere. the author of this first section has performed a superior job of achieving balance, has chosen topics with a sure sense of the important, and has turned in a fine piece of judgment on the cataloging art. it would be impossible for such a study as this to take into consideration all the literature, and cover all aspects of catalog work, and propose every substantial research project. but two observations may be offered. even accepting the general pattern for the eighteen studies in this rutgers series, one may question the logic of devoting the bulk of each volume to a review of the literature instead of devoting a greater proportion of space to a detailed evaluation of the "state of the art" and to a somewhat more elaborate description of the proposals for research projects. a more fundamental question concerns the omission of some areas of cataloging from this study. one might claim that a tolerable degree of sophistication has been achieved in such traditional areas as descriptive cataloging, shelf listing, temporary cataloging, recataloging, or union catalogs. progress in these areas is still needed, but they are not the most troublesome areas. rather, peripheral areas of cataloging may currently form the major blocks to efficient and economical processing and thus are deserving of more attention from librarians. six areas may be suggested for consideration: the teaching of cataloging, in library schools, where "a wider aim" is still called for. catalog department manuals and in-service training, where princi pies of personnel administration and coordination with library schools might be studied. serials, where formidable problems should not be ignored and where research may reveal further areas for cooperative treatment. non-book materials, where difficulties with manuscripts, maps, microfilm and archives make them excessively expensive to process. 498 work flow or organization, which is often the key log on which the cataloging jam depends, and library surveys almost always point to the organization of work and people as a key. and, finally, cataloging in the context of librarianship, since it is now clear that, in comparison with the past fifty years, the next fifty will see a considerably changed relationship of card files to lists, indexes, and other means of bibliographic control. the last point suggested for consideration may be extremely summarized as "why catalog?" in the second edition of the university library~ wilson and tauber quote a statement to the effect that, although the dictionary catalog has served libraries well, "the next fifty years may well tell a different story, if timely and adequate steps are not taken. it would be courting disaster to go on in to the second half of the twentieth century without fundamental rethinking of the nature and function of the dictionary catalog." and the council on library resources in its first annual report saw librarians as being dismayed by the profusion of publications and confounded by "the difficulties of learning about the existence of p articular books . . . . so also with the finding media (bibliographies, indexes, etc.): the librarian complains of their number, their planlessness on an over-all basis, their enormous duplication yet enormous gaps, their lack of specific adaptation to the contents of his own collections .... " and card catalogs are part of this web; but where is the over-all plan? \vill book catalogs serve in part? will part of the record be stored in machines? can national lists carry a greater burden? how little local cataloging · can be effective? how can syndetic devices fuse these parts in to an effective instrument of local bibliographic control? fundamental work on providing access to book collections might today produce fresh paths. the section on subject headings is handled with equal competence, and professor frarey has so usurped this field that a reviewer may be excused for having little to say. this is a model of organization. the literature summary is lucid and its evaluation is sharp and perceptive. the proposed research is based on the general conclusion . that "our library economy now accepts as axiomatic the role of the subject catalog as college and research libraries a member of a team .... it is clear that available evidence points to a limited and circumscribed role for the subject catalog in the team play, and that a definition of this role is essential to a determination of function, the prescription of rules and techniques, and an evaluation of effectiveness." further, the subject catalog appears to satisfy about 75 percent of its users, despite its imperfections, and it "is likely to continue to be an essential feature in effective library service. the evidence suggests further that there is an excellent chance that a highly effective subject catalog can be perfected." the author maps out a major t:ampaign to achieve this effectiveness; and it includes the necessity to understand classification, bibliography, and indexes at the very least. the seven proposed studies are monumental in scope, but they are fundamental to real advancement in the techniques of subject access. this is a sound and scholarly piece of work. professors tauber and frarey show clear evidence of the complexity of what is both an art and a science. cataloging is the backbone of librarianship and its effectiveness is today challenged by larger and more specialized book collections. there are innumerable areas of librarianship needing study; some of these are worthy of foundation support and a few will prove fruitful. it takes wisdom to select the significant few, and the rutgers library school is to be commended on commissioning such superior products.david c. weber, harvard university library. a librarian about books books in my baggage. by lawrence clark powell. cleveland: world publishing company, 1960. 255 p. $4.50. this most recent book by lawrence powell collects and revises essays previousely published in limited editions entitled: islands of books, the alchemy of books, and books tvest southwest, and moreover includes half a dozen new pieces. therefore this book makes available more powell speeches and november 1960 essays, thus performing a real service. lawrence powell is one of the very few librarians who can write well and enthusiastically about books. most librarians write about the physical book-some on methods of classification and processing while others have the bibliographical approach. powell writes unashamedly about the contents of books without hesitating to commit himself by praising them. he wastes no time excoriating those he does not like-those have been rejected prior to writing. he does not pass as a literary critic; he is a librarian writing about books. his purpose is to induce people to read those books he en joys. the literary world is indebted to him for his early discovery and championship of lawrence durrell. he has had continuing ardor and support for robinson jeffers, frank dobie, and henry miller. his longtime enjoyment of d. h. lawrence is expected by those who know of his catalog of the lawrence manuscripts and of his long friendship with frieda lawrence. his enthusiasm for james joyce follows naturally this taste as discerned in these articles on his favorite liter::tture of the 20's and 30's. lawrence powell acquires books with zeal and discrimination, in spite of dealing in large figures. he has done the west coast a service of magnitude and permanence in building up the ucla collections by more than a million volumes during his seventeen years as university librarian. tales of some of his adventures in this process, found in the section "bookman in britain" make fascinating reading. many people associate the circumstances of their first reading of a particular book with their appreciation . of the text. not always does this added experience add enjoyment or deeper understanding for another reader. as a critical device it is extraneous and cannot shed much new enlightenment on classics already extensively treated by eminent scholars. one of the least successful sections of this collection recounts the time and place of powell's own introduction to some very good books. mor~ useful are some of his "bookscapes," brief essays about american writers identified with a particular area, such as jeffers in carmel, norris and sterling in northern california, steinbeck in southern california, and dobie in texas. 499 college and research libraries reviewarticles a.l.a. cataloging rules a.l.a. cataloging rules for author and title entries. 2d ed. edited by clara beetle. chicago, american library association, i949, xxi , 265p. $5.00. the new division of the a .l.a. cat! oging rules is a welcome successor to the preliminary american second edition of i94i. it is improved in arrangement and organization of material. reference to the text has been made easy by putting rule numbers at top corners and page numbers at the foot of pages. capitalization in the illustrative examples has been revised to conform to the new library of congress usage. excellent typographical form has made the pages clear, well balanced and legible. the proofreading and indexing seem to be flawless. camparison of this edition with the preliminary second edition shows that the conspicuous omissions are: (i) part 2, description of book; (2) the authority card; (3) the simplified rules for incunabula. for the first of these we now look to 'the library of congress rules for descriptive cataloging. no explanation is given for leaving out the others. the only omission found by this reviewer which seemed accidental is the rule for "atlases which accompany another work." there is considerable rearrangement of the rules, making on the whole for logical and comprehensible sequence of topics. the numbering has been altered so that there are now i58 instead of 224 rules for entry and heading. this has been accomplished not by omission, but by grouping and subordinating topics in such a way as to show their relation to each other and to the principle that establishes the entry. there is no longer a general section on title entry, but there is a new grouping under works of doubtful or unknown authorship. rules for maps and for music, much shortened , and stripped of everything not pertaining to choice of entry and form of heading, are to be found in the main body of the text instead of in separate appendixes. it would seem as though it would be more convenient for catalogers who work with special types of material like music, maps or periodicals, october~ 1949 to have together all the rules they need for their special work. one wonders whether rules for entry in one place and rules for imprint, collation and notes in another will hang together happily, but the decision to separate them was not made lightly and experience will prove how it works. the preface says that the number of alternate rules has been reduced, but this seems to have been done reluctantly. we find them shortened and relegated to footnotes on p. i o (periodicals) and p.63 (anonymous classics). in a few other cases, alternatives have been suggested in the rules. a simpler treatment of bible headings might well have been included. special commendation should be given to certain new, interesting and useful explanatory paragraphs , such as those under rule i : general rule for authorship; rule 5: collections and serials; rule 36: author's n arne; rule 157: added entries . one real error crops up in the glossary and perhaps also in the text. the meaning of en/!ry and heading i~ stated to be the same ( cf., entry; added entry; author entry; corporate entry ; title entry). every cataloger knows that many entries may be made under one heading. the situation with regard to definitions is confused. there is a glossary (p.229-235), but definitions of terms are also given both in the text of the rules and in footnotes, and explicit page references to them are not given. most of the definitions are taken from the a.l.a. glossary of library terms (i943), but some of them (collection, composite work, periodical) are altered from the phrasing there given. not all the cataloging terms, of course, are brought over from the a .l.a. glos·sary, for those belonging to subject cataloging and descriptive cataloging are not pertinent here. some cataloging terms are defined in the library of congress rules for desc'riptive cataloging ( i947), but that also refers to the a.l.a. glossary for the more ordinary terms used in imprint and collation. there are now, therefore, three sources for definitions of cataloging terms. these not only 477 overlap but disagree: there are three definitions of "periodical." none is complete. more editorial pruning could have been done in a few places. a footnote could have taken care of ranganathan's information on indic names (p.124-125) as well as gosnell's on spanish names (p.83 and 93), thus eliminating a whole page of fine print. perhaps the same thing could have been done for masonic bodies (p. 160164), referring to g. m. churchill's chapter in the library of congress guide to the cataloguing of s erial publications of societies and institutions. in this case there would be the advantage of finding subject headings treated together with author headings. the code is still bulky and complex, overweighted with words and details. we have lost, perhaps forever, the simplicity and lucidness of the 1908 code. this no doubt is due in part to the reluctance of catalogers to omit any of the hard-earned store of knowledge they have gathered in 40 years of experience. this code has been through many hands, many eminent authorities have contributed to it, and no one wants any of this work to be wasted. but it needs to be brought into proportion. greater boldness of editorial policy might have done something, but there is no denying the difficulties involved in cutting down a text like this, especially since it was prepared in response to urgent requests for expansion of the old rules. this is, however, another thing to consider. much of the phrasing of the 1908 code was done by c. a. cutter. there are few members of our profession writing now who can handle the english language with his skill and felicity. we have forgotten tq search for simple ways of saying what we mean, and are all too willing to talk about "nonserial monographs" or "monographic publications" when cutter would have said "books." examples of labored and clumsy wording abound in current library literature as well as here in our code. "divisions, regional offices and other units of departments, bureaus, commissions etc., subordinate to these departments, bureaus, commissions, etc., are usually entered , if required, as subheadings to the departments , bureaus, commissions, etc."-rule 75b this may be mo~e explicit, but it is certainly no clearer than : "minor divisions and offices are usually to be subordinated to the bureaus or departments of which they form a part."-1908 code, rule 59· there is still need for a shorter and simpler set of rules for beginners in cataloging and bibliography, and for libraries which do not make cards for the library of congress. a person untrained in cataloging may well be appalled by the amount of detail here presented for personal names, corporate names or anonymous classics, though the essential basic rules are simple, logical and easily understood. (it is not true as stated under rule 33 for anonymous classics that "a series of studies applying the rules to special literary groups is essential before basic principles of entry can be considered standardized and necessary exceptions can be formulated." the basic principles of entry for anonymous classics are simple, and were established for us long ago by the british museum. it is the literature itself that is complex.) perhaps what we need next is two separate compilations. it would be possible to skim off from this edition a simple code of basic rules, no longer than that of 1908. then it might be a good idea to have a manu al dealing separately with the treatment of names , both personal and corporate. the simple principles would be in the short code of rules. a mass of information could be detached-detailed, expert, authoritative information about ancient and oriental and other names not often encountered , and about specialized complicated organizations, religious, govern·mental, etc. to this could be added instructions for recording the results of name research in an authority record. the sample authority cards given in the preliminary second edition have been dropped, but better ones are to be found in the library of congress coop erativ e cataloging manual ( 1944). in that manual also is the nearest thing we have to the list of catalogers' reference books which has been needed so long, and which might appropriately go with the rules for difficult names. with this equipment we would have the present revised a.l.a. code for libraries which catalog for the library of congress , or on that scale; a simple, easily understood manual of rules for beginners in cataloging and for libraries which do not need to do 478 college and research libraries elaborate cataloging, and a manual for reference for catalogers confronted occasionally with difficult cases.-isabella k. rhodes, columbia university. bibhogra phi cal papers papers of the bibliographical society, university of virginia. vol. i, i948-i949· edited by fredson bowers. charlottesville, va., i948, ii, 204, [3]p. $3.50. wherever students and scholars in the fields of descriptive and analytical bibliography gather for off-the-record discussions, the need for additional resources for publishing the results of their research is a favorite topic. the rumblings have grown plainer of late, as investigators have picked up the strands of projects that were deferred perforce during the war years. for obvious reasons (other than the usual one of inertia) not a great deal has been done even yet to relieve the situation, what with printing costs at their present levels. students of bibliography and of textual criticism will therefore be glad to hear of the decision of the bibliographical society of the university of virginia to publish a series of its "papers." the first volume has just appeared under the editorship of fredson bowers, associate professor of english at the university of virginia, himself an able tiller of bibliographical fields, being at present engaged in writing a descriptive bibliography of the post-restoration english drama, i66o-i700. the new publication is to appear annually. although the first issue has a strong local representation, with the results of work by members of the faculty and graduate student body of the university of virginia predominating, important contributions have been drawn from scholars working at a distance, and even more general participation is invited for future issues, without reference to membership in the sponsoring organization. this fact sets the venture apart from the majority of such journals, which tend to devote themselves to the publication of studies performed at, or by the members of, a given institution. it is to be hoped that this policy will be continued and further emphasized, so that the scholar who is not working under the aegis of a specific institution, or whose institution does not have a medium suited to the publicaoctober~ 1949 tion of his investigations, will have one more source of help. in the present issue appear ii major articles and six notes. of the articles, several concern themselves with various phases of the history of printing and publishing, others relate to technicalities of printing procedure which have been applied to particular bibliographical problems (often with wider implications), and one deals entirely with a specific problem in textual genealogy. in the first category are articles by joseph m. carriere, of the university faculty: "the manuscript of jefferson's unpublished errata list for abbe morellet's translation of the notes on virginian/ by jessie r. lucke, a graduate student: "some correspondence with thomas jefferson concerning the public printers"; by c. william miller, of the faculty of temple university: uln the savoy: a study in post-restoration i mprintsn ,· by james g. mcmanaway of the folger library: "the first five bookes of ovids metamorphosis, i62i" (an account of a hitherto unrecorded edition); and by rudolf hirsch of the library of the university of pennsylvania: "the art of selling books: notes on three aldus catalogues, i586-i592." an article by giles e. dawson of the folger library: "three shakespearian piracies, i 723i 729," should also perhaps be included in this category, as it identifies the true nature of the pamphlets under discussion and makes a fair case against william feales as the probable pirate. new lines of approach to bibliographical problems are supplied in articles by philip williams, graduate student: "the compositor of the pied-bull lear"; by curt f. buhler of the morgan library: "the headlines in william de machlinia's year-book, 37 h en<ry v in; by gerald e. eberle of loyola university of the south: an osce t eipsum (1599) by sir john davies: a bibliographical puzzle"; and by allan h. stevenson of the illinois institute of technology: "new uses of watermarks as bibliographical evidence." a paper by george b. pace of the university 479 college and research libraries catalogs, either in card form or in bibliographies, should be made by subject specialists to fit special needs. these catalogs should be compiled cooperatively after the needs are systematically determined. ( 2 ) subjective impressions of reference and circulation librarians should be given some consideration in determining cataloging policies, but they should be critically appraised by administrators and catalogers. t o o many policies of an encyclopedic, bibliographical, or biographical nature have been introduced because of occasional or supposedly potential demands. ( 3 ) classification is primarily a librarian's device. a s such, the acceptance of one system, preferably one based on a living collection of books, seems the effective procedure for the future. both period cataloging and period classification should be systematically experimented with for selection of the preferred form. ( 4 ) w e cannot expect the program of cooperative and centralized cataloging and classification to be any more than empty words unless catalogers stop thinking of all sorts of reasons for not taking advantage of it. by d a v i d j. h a y k i n w a y to the future: cooperative and centralized cataloging mr. haykin is chief, subject cataloging division, library of congress. t h e terms cooperative cataloging and centralized cataloging appear to be perfectly clear and unambiguous. a n examination of the literature, however, shows that they have a respectably long semantic history. t o begin with, the term "cataloging" itself did not always have the connotation now current in library literature. until the last three or four decades, it meant, among other things, the preparation of lists of books on different subjects and of different kinds, as well as of socalled universal catalogs, such as that of the international institute of bibliography in brussels. in that sense it is, of course, synonymous with one of the present meanings of the word "bibliography." a n examination of the bibliography of cooperative cataloguing by torstein jahr and adam j. strohm offers unmistakable evidence on this point. a polemic engaged in as recently as the early 1930's by the then chairman of the a . l . a . committee on bibliography, ernest cushing richardson, and officers of the association on the scope of the work of that committee as against that of the committee on cataloging, is further and more recent evidence on this point. for the purpose of the present discussion, the term "catalog" will be used in its current, very restricted sense of a list of the books in a given collection or library, or in several such libraries, without reference to limitations of subject or kind of book. 156 college and research libraries proceeding from this term, cooperative cataloging must refer to the production of the substance of a catalog by the joint effort of two or more libraries. t h i s does not imply that the actual work of preparing catalog entries must be done by the cooperating libraries. if two or more libraries provided the money for a common fund used in preparing entries which are to go into their several catalogs, the undertaking could be properly described as cooperative cataloging. if the work were done at a central point it would be centralized and at the same time cooperative cataloging. centralized cataloging need not be cooperative. in one sense, the cataloging done in the main building of a public library system, for use there and in branch catalogs as well, is centralized, though not, strictly speaking, cooperative. neither is the original and greater part of the cataloging of the library of congress cooperative, although it is surely centralized, since it is done centrally and, through the card division of the library, is made available to thousands of libraries to be used in their catalogs. it is not cooperative, since it is done by one library primarily for its own use, the cost of it being borne by that library out of funds provided for the purpose of preparing a catalog of its own collections. t h e sale of its cards is simply a service of the library of congress. o u r primary concern is with cooperative cataloging, its whys and wherefores, its methods and procedures, and, above all, its contribution in solving certain pressing problems of american libraries. w e shall, therefore, discuss the question of centralized versus other methods of cataloging cooperatively only insofar as it is involved in the choice of the best method to be adopted. why the interest in cooperative cataloging persists w h y has the question of cooperative cataloging come to the fore again? something—yes, something substantial—has already been achieved in that direction in the past ten years. w h y then, at this time, do we imply that it is the "way to the future" ? t h e answer to these questions rests on two considerations, a historical one and a practical one. t h e practical aspect of the problem of cataloging rests on the fact that cataloging costs money, that, in fact, it takes a considerable portion of a library's total income. fortunately or unfortunately, this aspect of cataloging is one which the administrator understands and can compute in terms of dollars and cents. a s a basis for discussion on another occasion, it should be pointed out that the administration cannot compute the real cost of cataloging since he has no way of gauging the value of the product. in this regard, the cost of cataloging is, of course, closely bound up with the cost of reference work. be that as it may, the total outlay of money for cataloging can be computed and, therefore, it is possible to determine the average cost per unit of the product, whether the latter be title cataloged, volume recorded in the library's catalog, card filed into it. in the face of a growing demand on the library for service, stationary, or relatively stationary income, and the impossibility of determining the cost of the intangible services which the library renders in providing information and guidance, it is obvious that the economics of the technical processes must be examined and ways found for doing the job at less cost, without perhaps sacrificing the quality, hence usefulness, of the product. local economies may be effected by varimarch, 1942 15 7 ous means which catalogers understand well and administrators perhaps not well enough. in the light of the great reduction in the cost of cataloging resulting from the use of library of congress cards, it is obvious that one of the solutions of the problem of cost lies in cooperative cataloging. in a country of the great size of ours, where the demand for certain books or classes of books arises simultaneously in different libraries, there is bound to be considerable duplication of book resources, the same work being acquired by many libraries at about the same time. in spite of all efforts which have been, or are likely to be, undertaken for a rational distribution of book resources in this country, duplication is likely to continue. t h i s situation points to cooperative cataloging as an obvious way to reduce cataloging costs. historical consideration t h e historical consideration, which has kept cooperative cataloging a live subject of discussion, is the progress made in the direction of cooperation during the past forty years. library of congress cataloging is not in the strict sense of the word cooperative. however, catalog cards produced by it have for forty years helped to reduce cataloging costs, maintained a high level of quality, helped secure agreement on cataloging rules and practices, and developed methods and standards for the distribution of cards which have been centrally printed. this, as we shall see, intimately enters into the problem of cooperative cataloging. it has, moreover, led to several card printing and distribution ventures, among them the most recent and important is the one entered upon by the h . w . wilson company which provides at a small, uniform price a complete dictionary catalog set of cards for current books which stand high in popular demand. a more direct influence in keeping cooperative cataloging in the foreground of library interest was the printing by the library of congress of catalog entries supplied by other libraries. for other united states government libraries this was first done in 1 9 0 1 ; the arrangement was extended to other american libraries in 1910. t h e preparation of these entries was cooperative in the fullest sense of the word, since each participating library did its work for the benefit of all. t h e library of congress paid the cost of a certain amount of necessary revision and coordination, as well as for the printing of the cards. t h e card printing activity of the library of congress, including the entries prepared by the federal government libraries (forming the several so-called government series of the cards) and those prepared by the other american libraries (the so-called " a " series) provided public libraries with cards for nearly all their books. it did not satisfy the needs of college and university libraries to the same extent. a n investigation, carried out in 1931 by paul north rice in behalf of the newly-formed cooperative cataloging committee of the american library association, showed that the library of congress satisfied 72 per cent of the need of some forty such libraries for cards for books in english and about a third for books in foreign languages. a s the result of the investigation a cooperative cataloging project was initiated in 1932 by the committee with the aid of a subvention from the general education board. t h i s project covered new foreign books and monographs in certain scholarly series of 158 c o l l e g e , and research libraries publications largely in foreign languages. it continued under american library association auspices until july i, 1940. it was then taken over by the library of congress and six months later merged with the old cooperative work which embraced other than government libraries. it is being carried on vigorously at the present moment and in some of its aspects will serve as a forecast of things to come in the field of cooperative cataloging. objectives and methods a s brought out above, in the discussion of the persistence of the interest in cooperative cataloging, the paramount motive behind it is economic. it is resorted to and justified, properly so, i believe, because it makes it less costly to produce catalog entries. its prime objective, therefore, is the reduction of the cost of cataloging. t h e r e are two other objectives to be pursued, one of them inevitable, the other highly desirable. t h e product of cooperation should maintain a high average of quality, approaching that of the best product of cataloging by an individual library. if cooperative cataloging results in cheaper, but inferior, entries, it is doomed to failure. t h e third objective is a negative one: cooperative cataloging must produce adequate catalog entries as quickly as they may be produced otherwise. it should be noted here that the criticism leveled against the cataloging establishment of the library of congress has been on the score of the delays in the production of entries, rarely if ever because the entries themselves were inadequate or not high enough in quality. bearing in mind these objectives, what conditions must be satisfied in order to carry out successfully a comprehensive undertaking in cooperative cataloging? these conditions depend upon the nature of the project. if the project is one in which the cooperators merely underwrite it, the work being carried out by a separate central cataloging agency, by an auxiliary staff in an established cataloging department, or by a special staff housed in or near such a department, a satisfactory product can be secured: (a) if the staff is made up of competent specialists, each possessing an adequate knowledge of cataloging rules and practices, of works of reference, of certain fields of subject matter, of two or three major languages, and, if possible, some of the less well-known languages; (b) if there is available for its use an adequate reference collection; (c) if provision is made for printing, storage, and distribution of the cards. t h e quality of the product would be uniform since, in addition to staff and reference collection, all the catalogers would be under the same direction and supervision. prepared by individual libraries if, however, the project is one in which entries are prepared by individual libraries and revised and printed centrally, a somewhat different set of conditions must be met. in the first place, agreement on all points of rule and practice must be secured. each library must undertake only tasks to which its staff is capable of doing full justice, that is, for which its staff possesses the necessary cataloging knowledge and ability, the necessary command of subject matter and languages, and for which its reference collection and consultative personnel are adequate. each library must bear in mind that it is cataloging not for its own use alone, but for all cooperative libraries. it must disregard local conditions, local needs, and local policies to that extent. t h i s experience at march, 1942 15 7 the library of congress has shown to be very difficult to attain. t h e failure to satisfy this condition throws an undue burden on the staff assigned to the task of revising and coordinating the product of many libraries. it leads to inconsistency and, consequently, to dissatisfaction on the part of the libraries using the cards. whether the cataloging is done centrally or not, there must be an adequate distribution of the load, the financial load in case of centralized cataloging, the work load where the actual work is done by the cooperating libraries. t h i s implies a direct correspondence between the load and the benefits derived from the cooperative effort by the individual library. n o exact method for computing these benefits is, of course, possible. t h e number of entries which a given library buys during a given period, say one year, may be considered an adequate measure of the use made by that library of the product of cooperation. if the bookkeeping system used by the cooperative enterprise does not provide data on the number of entries bought, then the money value of the purchases would serve as a measure. t o be sure, such a measure would be based upon a period preceding the current one, perhaps the preceding calendar year. since no better measure can be secured and the same measure would be applied to all the cooperators, no serious injustice would result. w h a t would be more difficult to determine is the price for the product of the cooperative enterprise to be paid by libraries which are not members of it. t h i s need not be gone into at this stage of the discussion, however. t h e experience of the cooperative cataloging committee project shows that some libraries, the larger and the most interested, do bear a disproportionate share of the load. if that cannot be avoided some method must be found to compensate the most active libraries on the basis of the ratio between their output and the benefits derived by them from the cooperative work. cooperative classification in most libraries the classification of books forms an integral part of the cataloging process. in any case, it is an important element of the cost. for classifying books covering the whole range of human knowledge, without the benefit of prior classification of the same works by another library, the cost may well average twenty-five cents a title. t h a t has, in fact, been the experience of the decimal classification project begun in 1930 by several hundred libraries under the auspices of the american library association. t h i s project belongs to the category of centralized cooperation. it was originally underwritten by the libraries, but the work has been carried on at the library of congress by a staff of well-qualified assistants. because it was able to carry out its full program of classification well within the amount of money provided by the cooperators, it must be considered a successful project in every way. in 1933 it was taken over by the library of congress and assigned to the card division, on the assumption that the presence of the decimal classification numbers on the printed catalog cards increased the sales of the cards to an amount which would justify the maintenance of the project out of card division funds. in 1934 it went to form a section of the cooperative cataloging and classification service and late in 1940 with the internal reorganization of the library of congress, it became a part of the newly-formed subject cataloging division. 160 c o l l e g e , and research libraries t h e experience of this project has evolved methods appropriate to cooperation in classification. it has made clear that, by its very nature, the work is limited both in scope and method. since not all libraries use the same classification s3rstem, no one system would be useful to all libraries to the same extent for this reason alone. a l l libraries have stated or implied policies in classification which would nullify or reduce the value of cooperative classification to many of them. because the intellectual background and capacity of the classifier are directly reflected in the classifying he does, distributive cooperation in classification is out of the question; the work must be done centrally. it must be done centrally also for the reason that consistency in the interpretation of books and classification system requires it. consistency can be achieved by the employment of a well-qualified staff all working under the same supervisory officer and by the maintenance of some kind of a shelflist. these considerations practically preclude the coupling of cooperative classification with a distributive system of cooperative cataloging. ( i t is questionable whether cooperators could reach general agreement on a choice of classification system or common classification policiep revision and coordination of class numbers at a central point without the books is practically out of the question. if the cataloging is done centrally, however, classification can readily form a part of the process. cooperative cataloging in the future if we gave the imagination free reign, we could envisage a state of things in which catalog entries were either prepared at the source, that is by the publishers, or at a central bureau to which all the acquisitions of all cooperating libraries could be sent for cataloging. t h e bureau could have as competent a staff as any to be found in libraries at the present time. it would be large enough to include specialists in all fields of knowledge, linguists, expert catalogers. it could be housed so as to have ready access to adequate reference collections. it would, in short, be equipped to do cataloging accurate and adequate to all purposes. it would, however, be extremely unwieldy. it could not fully justify itself on economic grounds, since it would have to provide entries wanted by only two or three libraries, and the proportion of such books to the whole would be great enough to make the unit cost of cards to all libraries high. t h e n , there is the fundamental consideration that many libraries could not participate in such a project because of existing controls on the use of their funds, controls which would be difficult to change or remove. furthermore, it would deprive libraries of the use of their books pending cataloging, would add transportation costs to the cost of cataloging, and would involve the same delays and time losses which now occur in large libraries for various reasons. t h e best practical solution of the cataloging problem still is cooperation, not a particular form of cooperation, but a combination of features of all. lines of direction have already been drawn in this country which make it easier to realize a fairly comprehensive program of cooperative cataloging. t h e r e is, for example, fairly complete agreement on rules of cataloging. not by the fiat of a bureaucrat but by progressive, voluntary action, american libraries have achieved a large degree of uniformity in cataloging practices. t h e wide distribution of the catalog cards march, 1942 15 7 of the library of congress has contributed in large measure to uniformity of practice, since libraries found it desirable to follow the lead of the library of congress in order to have all catalog entries in their own catalogs uniform. t h e printing by the library of congress of entries prepared by other libraries was another, though less important, factor. a n d finally, the experience of the library of congress in centralized cataloging (for that is what its distribution of cards amounts to) and of the project initiated and sponsored by the cooperative cataloging committee in cooperative cataloging on a distributive basis, furnish a foundation for an extension of cooperation in cataloging. l.c. will provide entries t h e library of congress will continue to provide a large proportion of the entries for public libraries and an increasing proportion for college, university, and special libraries. m a y we look forward to the day when the library of congress would supply complete dictionary catalog sets of cards with headings printed on them? t h i s would make it possible for libraries to get the cards into their catalogs without having to add headings and revise them. a step in enlarging the program of cooperative cataloging has recently been taken by the cooperative cataloging project of the library of congress which definitely points the way to the future. t h e libraries of universities having presses have been asked to supply entries for the output of their presses. t h i s is, in effect, cataloging by publishers. w h i l e it is unlikely that commercial publishers would, or could, engage in cataloging, this arrangement could be extended to all publishing agencies of institutions having libraries. t h i s would apply to state libraries in the case of state documents, to public libraries in the case of the publications of municipalities, libraries of societies and institutions for their publications, particularly where analytical cataloging of their several serial publications is concerned. foreign publications, for want of which the library of congress does not have or does not prepare entries, could be cataloged as they are now on a cooperative basis. machinery would have to be provided to secure the extension of the program of cataloging for this category of books, particularly the analytical cataloging of serial publications, and for the proper distribution of the cataloging load among the cooperating libraries. extension of distributive work t o be sure, this extension of distributive work presupposes the willingness and ability of the library of congress to expand its facilities for the revision of entries and the printing and distribution of cards. means would then have to be provided either by the federal government or the libraries which would be the beneficiaries of the work. t h e work could probably be carried on elsewhere at a large library center. a staff could be provided and a reference collection would be available as well as at the library of congress. t h e library of congress, however, already maintains a large nucleus for this work and has the storage and distribution facilities for large sales operations in this field. it seems inevitable, therefore, that the work be centered at the library of congress. whether this would mean an expansion of the cooperative cataloging facilities there or the establishment of a (continued on page 175) 162 c o l l e g e , and research libraries tions under the present practice of the library of congress. t h e r e is no doubt that simple notations of these items will result in a considerable saving of time. additional time and study is needed at the library of congress on these points, but, as i have indicated, it seems certain that some simplifications can be made. it is our belief that a simplified card which will serve the needs of the library of congress will be adequate for other libraries. in fact, many libraries may be able to simplify their practices farther than the library of congress can do. w h e n specific details have become more settled, you will be informed of the changes which the library of congress proposes to make. in the meantime, as miss root has suggested, it will be extremely helpful if individual librarians will confer with their acquisition, reference, and cataloging staffs and seek to determine what types of information are needed in the catalogs of their respective libraries. such study is essential for the formulation of a policy in the individual library and will greatly assist the library of congress in modifying its own practice. way to the future: cooperative and centralized cataloging (continued from page 162) separate unit coordinated with the cooperative work there is subject to consideration by representatives of cooperating libraries and of the library of congress. t h e librarian of congress has on several occasions expressed his interest in the extension of cooperative cataloging. cooperative work the practical solution of the cataloging problem t o sum up, the practical solution of the cataloging problem, assuming that the catalog is not to be abolished altogether as has been recently, perhaps not too seriously, proposed by some administrators, or reduced to a simple author list, lies in cooperative work. cooperative cataloging should not confine itself to one particular method. libraries should continue to make use of the cataloging product of the library of congress and amplify the scope of its work by some auxiliary form of either centralized or distributive cooperation. if all libraries find the h . w . w i l son company's product adequate, the library of congress could perhaps be relieved of the burden of supplying cards for the most popular books. march, 1942 16 7 college and research libraries susan a. merry the ontario new universities library project—a centralized processing experiment completed this paper was written at the conclusion of onulp, a short-term centralized processing project carried on at the university of toronto library. the prime functions of the project were the selection, acquisition, and cataloging of 34,600 titles in 44,510 volumes for each of •five new academic libraries in ontario. the paper charts acquisition figures, describes cataloging practice, and concludes with a comment on the book catalog produced by computer for onulp. a . t the request of the government of ontario, the ontario n e w universities library project was organized to provide five new universities and colleges with basic and identical undergraduate library collections. these universities were brock in st. catharines, guelph university and trent university in peterborough, plus two new off-campus colleges for the university of toronto, scarborough and erindale. the university of toronto library undertook the responsibility for the selection, acquisition, and processing of the the materials and, in addition, for the experimental production of a book catalog by computer. a staff of approximately thirty-five people was required to design and carry out the project. the last of these libraries to go into operation was erindale, which opened in september 1967. erindale college benefited most as all the books bought through the project were ready to circulate when the library opened its mrs. merry is head of technical services at the university of toronto libraries, new university library projects. 104/ doors. this unfortunately was not the case for the other libraries, two of which opened in september 1964. the project was completed in three and one-half years. selection the project was restricted to the selection of in-print monograph material. the goal was seventeen thousand five hundred titles in thirty-five thousand volumes for each library. subscriptions and out-of-print materials were avoided mainly because the project was a shortterm venture and also because the maintenance of the required files would have been too challenging on a temporary basis for a small technical services staff. the selection was based on the scarborough college curriculum, which included twenty-six subjects common to undergraduate arts and sciences programs. cataloging the o n u l p collection required little professional cataloging. some 58 per cent of the 34,600 titles received were in the ontario new universities library project / 1 0 5 t a b l e 1 acquisition description domestic* british european other totals book expendituret $969,335 $93,400 $167,695 $23,170 $1,253,600 per cent 77 8 13 2 100 volumes acquired* 172,237 18,792 28,635 2,886 222,550§ average cost per volumell 5.68 4.96 5.85 cost (above) incl. discount 10%-34% cost incl. binding# (av. bind, cost) 2.12 2.20 per cent orders unfilled 7 14 19 ( 3 8 5 0 ) 10 out of print ( 1 6 4 3 ) 5 ( 3 6 5 ) 10 ( 7 4 8 ) 14 ( 2 7 5 7 ) 7 cancelled" * ( 6 4 2 ) 2 ( 1 5 2 ) 4 ( 2 8 9 ) 5 ( 1 0 9 3 ) 3 * three principal dealers used—co-operative book centre, toronto; blackwell's, oxford; nijhoff, the hague. this simplified procedures b u t weakened service, particularly with back orders and reports where library control was lost because of lack of automatic claim and cancel period. such was thought unnecessary with a pre-search in-print acquisition policy. t budget total $ 1 , 3 0 0 , 0 0 0 . balance unspent $ 4 6 , 4 0 0 . j a team of five male processors prepared (unpacked, checked, matched order cards, and search reports) 7 , 5 0 0 volumes per month ( 9 0 , 0 0 0 per yr. or 2 5 0 titles i n 1 , 5 0 0 volumes per man per m o n t h . ) § total volumes processed 2 2 2 , 5 5 0 ; total salaries earned in technical services $ 2 3 5 , 1 4 0 . cost of processing each volume $ 1 . 0 5 . ( s u p p l i e s and equipment not i n c l u d e d ) . || over-all average cost per volume $ 5 . 1 4 . # cloth editions pursued always. american and canadian paperbacks processed unbound. *><> cancelled—reprinting, n e w ed. in prep., n.y.p., out of stock, no report. university of toronto library collection. also 12 per cent of these were new editions and required subprofessional editing. the next 35 per cent were cataloged from library of congress proofslips, and the final 7 per cent required professional attention. one professional cataloger, six cataloging assistants, and three revisors, one of whom was professional, were required for this work. library of congress ( l c ) classification was used with the following modifications: canadian history was classed in f 5000-5949, english canadian literature in ps 8001-8549, and french canadian literature in ps 9001-9549. (pz class was not used for fiction.) lc subject headings were used but were modified in length for book catalog production, a concession to the onulp machine system. the onulp subject authority list printed by computer contained 24,600 name and topical headings, scope notes, and references ( s e e but not see also) and was distributed to each of the participating libraries. lc cataloging was followed closely, with only slight modifications. cuttering was changed only where a conflict with the university of toronto library's shelf list was found or where reasonable expansion was not allowed with the lc number. the latest printing date was used in the imprint and the call number. certain notes were omitted, and as a concession to the machine system the order of title and author's name was reversed in all contents notes. multiple copy cataloging required rigid standardization. where imprint dates varied between one or two copies of a title the date most common to all five copies was chosen for the catalog 106 / college 6research libraries • march 1968 record. no attempt was made to prepare individual records for the libraries adversely affected by this rule. each of the 44,510 volumes cataloged for each library was pocketed and labelled, using the se-lin label. onulp provided catalog card sets (six cards per set) to three of the participating libraries, in addition to the computer printed book catalogs and shelflist cards. card reproducing equipment was not located in the department, however, hence catalog card sets were not shipped in their books; the libraries involved complained of shelving delays. there were several aspects to the success of this centralized processing projt a b l e 2 operational t i m e factors ( i n m o n t h s ) pr oc ess ing pe rio d co op era tiv e bo ok ce ntr e bl ac kw ell 's ni jho ff selection-ordering * % ordering-receiving includes preparation for catalogingt 3% 6/2 receiving-cataloging includes preparation for shipping to 5 libraries* 2% 3j4 3m total time factor— selection-cataloging 5)4 7% 10% " foreign items were batch ordered. f certain restrictions were placed on each dealer. first, regular orders were not shipped by any dealer until he had all five (or t e n ) copies of the title in stock. second, no incomplete orders were accepted unless a report was received in advance enabling o n u l p to choose to accept or refuse less than five copies or incomplete multi-volume sets and to report back. third, no automatic claim and cancel period or replacement program was planned ( o n u l p was not a continuing service). fourth, it was not foreseen in the early stages that the budget would provide twice the number of titles originally contracted ( a large number for a f e w dealers). all these factors contributed to high average time lapses between ordering and receiving. t most foreign material required original cataloging. n o cataloging priorities were established, hence material with cataloging copy was processed more readily. ect not the least important of which was that it was planned to come to an end. its policies were not well enough defined to have operated successfully on a continuing basis. the advantages it enjoyed were that it served only a university community, each book collection was new, no subscription files were required, and no individual library idiosyncracies were allowed. under these conditions the processing was carried out successfully on a steady basis. c o m m e n t on the m a c h i n e system the computer production of the onulp book catalogs has been ably described in two or three papers, and does not need repeating here. with the conclusion of the project a f e w features of the system deserve comment. some good features of the system: 1. full cataloging information was retained in the maih entry records and laid out as in a conventional catalog. 2. secondary entries were constructed automatically in abbreviated form from the master record. 3. headings in both catalogs were checked for uniformity by the matching programs, and non-uniform headings were discarded with error messages to ensure correction. 4. initial articles in twenty-seven languages were disregarded in filing title main and added entries. (texts in more than one language were manually controlled.) 5. qualifiers in name headings, e.g. jt. author, ed., comp., were disregarded in filing. 6. author and title analytics were generated where required. some desirable features that were unavailable to onulp for a variety of reasons, mostly economic: 1. longer sort fields (maximum was sixty characters, capitals, diacritics removed) to ensure more accurate ontario new universities library project / 107 t a b l e 3 s t a f f — s a l a r y c o s t analysis s a m p l e y e a r job description salary per cent, section work days per cent, section per cent, total salary acquisition: 8 clerical staff— 1963/67 turnover 13 staff: preparation of orders (bibliographical details; estimate; assign agent), type order forms, reports . $ 4,286 19 295.5 18 5 books: receiving and processing, invoice preparation, returns . 15,734 65 1,128 72 19 supervision, revision, statistics, special jobs 3,339 16 178.9 10 4 totals $23,809 100 1,672.4 100 28 searching: 5 clerical staff— 1963/67 turnover 11 staff: preparation of titles for cataloging preparation of titles for cataloging $14,145 100 1,071 100 17 cataloging: 12 staff incl. 2 librarians—1963/67 turnover 20 staff: data sheet preparation and revision $12,172 28 815 30 15 keypunching and revision, keypunch training 3,278 7.6 248 9 4 book shipping, book pockets and label preparation . 7,615 16.5 567 21 9 master card typing and revision—sort xeroxed card sets 6,005 9.6 375 11 8 filing and revision (master cards, working shelf list, 2 authority files, computer printed shelf list) . 2,893 6.5 236 9 4 original cataloging . . . . 2,063 4.5 92.5 4 3 administration 5,045 11.1 181 7 6 book catalog preparation and correction (monthly machine cycle) 3,058 12.2 156.5 6 4 secretarial 1,718 4 85 3 2 total $43,847 100 2,756 100 55 total salaries $81,801 100 108 / college 6research libraries • march 1968 filing particularly in the subject catalog. 2. consolidation of all titles by one author under his name, listed once. 3. consolidation of see references to avoid waste space. 4. ability to generate a changed shelflist record for one library at a time and to suppress the record where other libraries not affected; and to keep such changes from reappearing in the book catalogs. 5. although unchangeable, the rigid automatic filing of the computer, based on spacing and punctuation, is somewhat inconvenient for the catalog user. 6. although not essential, the lack of non-roman alphabets, italics, or printing in red has been noted by some users of the catalogs. there was general consensus that a book catalog produced monthly was not the most satisfactory index to a working collection, despite its advantage of portability. also, a sample study in 1964 revealed that the cost of listing 5,220 titles in the book catalogs (150 copies) was 1.7 times greater than that of listing the same titles in manually produced card catalogs ( 1 copy). the real future for automating bibliographic records apparently lies in a more detailed, flexible, and enlarged data format, with international compatibility and accessibility. • • catqc and shelf-ready material | jay, simpson, and smith 41 michael jay ([e-mail?]) is information technology expert, software unit, information technology department; betsy simpson is chair, cataloging and metadata department; and doug smith is head, copy cataloging unit, cataloging and metadata department, george a. smathers libraries, university of florida, gainesville. michael jay, betsy simpson, and doug smith catqc and shelf-ready material: speeding collections to users while preserving data quality libraries contract with vendors to provide shelf-ready material, but is it really shelf-ready? it arrives with all the physical processing needed for immediate shelving, then lingers in back offices while staff conduct itemby-item checks against the catalog. catqc, a console application for microsoft windows developed at the university of florida, builds on oclc services to get material to the shelves and into the hands of users without delay and without sacrificing data quality. using standard c programming, catqc identifies problems in marc record files, often applying complex conditionals, and generates easy-to-use reports that do not require manual item review. a primary goal behind improvements in technical service workflows is to serve users more efficiently. however, the push to move material through the system faster can result in shortcuts that undermine bibliographic quality. developing safeguards that maintain sufficiently high standards but don’t sacrifice productivity is the modus operandi for technical service managers. the implementation of oclc’s worldcat cataloging partners (wcp, formerly promptcat) and bibliographic record notification services offers an opportunity to retool workflows to take advantage of automated processes to the fullest extent possible, but also requires some backroom creativity to assure that adequate access to material is not diminished. n literature review quality control has traditionally been viewed as a central aspect of cataloging operations, either as part of item-byitem handling or manual and automated authority maintenance. how this activity has been applied to outsourced cataloging was the subject of a survey of academic libraries in the united states and canada. a total of 19 percent of libraries in the survey indicated that they forgo quality control of outsourced copy, primarily for government documents records. however, most respondents reported they review records for errors. of that group, 50 percent focus on access points, 30 percent check a variety of fields, and a significant minority—20 percent—look at all data points. overall, the libraries expressed satisfaction with the outsourced cataloging using the following measures of quality supplied by the author: accuracy, consistency, adequacy of access points, and timeliness.1 at the inception of oclc’s promptcat service in 1995, ohio state university libraries participated in a study to test similar quality control criteria with the stated goals of improving efficiency and reducing copyediting. the results were so favorable that the author speculated that promptcat would herald a future where libraries can “reassess their local practices and develop greater confidence in national standards so that catalog records can be integrated into local opacs with minimal revision and library holdings can be made available in bibliographic databases as quickly as possible.”2 fast forward a few years and the new incarnation of promptcat, wcp, is well on its way to fulfilling this dream. in a recent investigation conducted at the university of arkansas libraries, researchers concluded that error review of copy supplied through promptcat is necessary, but the error rate does not warrant discontinuance of the service. the benefits in terms of time savings far outweigh the effort expended to correct errors, particularly when the focus of the review is to correct errors critical to user access. while the researchers examined a wide variety of errors, a primary consideration was series headings, particularly given the problems cited in previous studies and noted in the article.3 with the 2006 announcement by the library of congress (lc) to curtail its practice of providing controlled series access, the cataloging community voiced great concern about the effect of that decision on user access.4 the arkansas study determined that “the significant number of series issues overall (even before lc stopped performing series authority work) more than justifies our concern about providing series authority control for the shelf-ready titles.” approximately one third of the outsourced copy across the three record samples studied had a series, and, of that group, 32 percent needed attention, predominantly taking the form of authority record creation with associated analysis and classification decisions.5 the overwhelming consensus among catalogers is that error review is essential. as far as can be determined, an underlying premise behind such efforts seems to be that it is done with the book in hand. but could there be a way to satisfy the concerns without the book in hand? certainly, validation tools embedded in library management systems provide protections whether records are manually entered or batchloaded, and outsourced authority maintenance services (for those who can use them) offer further control. but a customizable tool that allows libraries to target specific needs, both standards-based and local, without relying on item-by-item handling can contribute michael jay (emjay@ufl.edu) is information technology expert, software unit, information technology department; betsy simpson (betsys@uflib.ufl.edu) is chair, cataloging and metadata department; and doug smith (dougsmith@uflib.ufl .edu) is head, copy cataloging unit, cataloging and metadata department, george a. smathers libraries, university of florida, gainesville. 42 information technology and libraries | march 2009 to an economy of scale demanded by an environment with shrinking budgets and staff to devote to manual bibliographic scrutiny. if that tool is viewed as part of a workflow stream involving local error detection at the receiving location as well as enhancement at the network level (i.e., oclc’s bibliographic record notification service), then it becomes an important step in freeing catalogers to turn their attention to other priorities, such as digitized and hidden collections. n local setting and workflow the george a. smathers libraries at the university of florida encompasses six branches that address the information needs of a diverse academic research campus with close to fifty thousand undergraduate and graduate students. the technical services division, which includes the acquisitions and licensing department and the cataloging and metadata department, acquires and catalogs approximately forty thousand items annually. seeking ways to minimize the handling of incoming material, beginning in 2006 the departments developed a workflow that made it possible to send shelf-ready incoming material directly to the branches after check-in against the invoice. shelf-ready items represent approximately 30 percent of the libraries’ purchased monographic resources at this time. by using wcp record loads along with vendor-supplied shelf-ready processing, the time from receipt to shelf has been reduced significantly because it is no longer necessary to send the bulk of the shipments to cataloging and metadata. exceptions to this practice include specific categories of material that require individual inspection. the vendor is asked to include a flag in books that fall into many of these categories: n any nonprocessed book or book without a spine label n books with spine labels that have numbering after the date (e.g., vol. 4, no. 2) n books with cds or other formats included n books with loose maps n atlases n spiral-bound books n books that have the words “annual,” “biennial,” or a numeric year in the title (these may be a serial add to an existing record or part of a series that will be established during cataloging) to facilitate a post–receipt record review for those items not sent to cataloging and metadata, acquisitions and licensing runs a local programming tool, catqc, which reports records containing attributes cataloging and metadata has determined necessitate closer examination. figure 1 is an example of the reports generated, which are viewed using the mozilla firefox browser. copy catalogers rotate responsibility for checking the report and revising records when necessary. retrieval of the physical piece is only necessary in the 1 percent of cases where the item needs to be relabeled. n catqc report catqc analyzes the content of the wcp record file and identifies records with particular bibliographic coding, which are used to detect potential problems: 1. encoding levels 2, 3, 5, 7, e, j, k, m 2. 040 with non-english subfield b 3. 245 fields with subfields h, n, or p 4. 245 fields with subfields a or b that contain numerals 5. 245 fields with subfields a or b that contain red flag keywords 6. 246 fields 7. 490 fields with first indicator 0 8. 856 fields without subfield 3 9. 6xx fields with second indicators 4, 5, 6, and 7 the numbers following each problem listed below indicate which codes are used to signal the presence of a potential problem. minimal-level copy (1) the library’s wcp profiles, currently in place for three vendors, are set up to accept all oclc encoding levels. with such a wide-open plan, it is important to catch records with minimal-level copy to assure that appropriate access points exist and are coded correctly. the library encounters these less-than-full encoding levels infrequently. parallel records (2) catqc identifies foreign library records that are candidates for parallel record treatment by indicating in the report if the 040 has a non-english subfield b. the report includes a 936 field if present to alert catalogers that a parallel record is available. volume sets (3, 4, 5) the library does not generally analyze the individual volumes of multipart monographic sets (i.e., volume sets) even when the volumes have distinctive titles. these catcq and shelf-ready material | jay, simpson, and smith 43 “volume,” “part,” and “number” as well as common abbreviations of those words (e.g., v. or vol.). serial vs. monograph treatment (4, 5) titles owned by the library and classified as serials sometimes are ordered inadvertently as monographs, resulting in the delivery of a monographic record. a similar problem also occasionally arises with new titles. by detecting numerals, keywords, or the presence of one or more of the subfields in the 245 field, we can quickly scan a list of records with these characteristics. of course, most of the records detected by catqc are false hits because of the broad scope of the search; however, it takes only a few minutes to scan through the record list. non-print formats (3) the library does not receive records for any format other than print through wcp. consequently, detecting the presence of a subfield h in the 245 field is a good signal that there may be a problem with the record. alternate titles (6) alternate titles can be an important access point for library users. sometimes text that should properly be in subfield i (e.g., “at head of title”) of the 246 field is placed in subfield a in front of the alternate title. this adversely affects user access to the title through browse searching. catqc checks for and reports the presence of a 246 field. the cataloger can then quickly confirm that it is coded correctly. untraced series (7) as a program for cooperative cataloging (pcc) participant, the library opted to follow pcc practice to continue to trace series despite lc’s decision in 2006 to treat as untraced all series statements in newly cataloged records. because some libraries chose to follow lc in its decision, there has been an overall increase in the use of untraced series statements across all types of record-encoding volumes are added to the collection under the title of the set. the june 2006 decision by lc to produce individual volume records when a distinctive title exists caused concern about the integrity of the libraries’ existing open volume set records. because such records typically have enumeration indicated in the subfield n, and sometimes p, of the 245 field, the program searches for instances of those subfields. in addition, the program detects the presence of numerals in the 245 and keywords such as figure 1. an example report from catcq 44 information technology and libraries | march 2009 levels. to address this issue, catqc searches all wcp records for 490 fields with first indicator 0. catalogers check the authority files for the series and make any necessary changes to the records. this is by far the most frequent correction made by catalogers. links (8) to provide users with information about the nature of the urls displayed in the catalog, catalogers insure that explanatory text is recorded in subfield 3 of the 856 field. catqc looks for the absence of subfield 3, and, if absent, displays the 856 field in the report as a hyperlink. the cataloger adds the appropriate text (e.g., full text) as needed. subject headings with second indicators 4, 5, 6, and 7 (9) the catqc report reviewed by catalogers includes subject headings with second indicator 4. when these headings duplicate headings already on the record, catalogers delete them from our local system. when the headings are not duplicates, the catalogers change the second indicator 4 to 0. typically, 6xx fields with second indicators 5, 6, and 7 contain non-english headings based on foreign thesauri. these headings can conflict with lc headings and, in some cases, are cross references on lc authorities. the resulting split files are not only confusing to patrons, but also add to the numbers of errors reported that require authority maintenance. for these reasons, our policy is to delete the headings from our local system. catqc detects the presence of second indicators 5, 6, or 7 and creates a modified file with the headings removed with one exception: a heading with second indicator 7 and subfield 2 of “nasat,” which indicates the heading is taken from the national aeronautics and space administration thesaurus, is not removed because the local preference is to retain the “nasat” headings. n library-specific issues catqc resolves local problems when needed. for example, when more than one lc call number was present on the record, the wcp spine manifest sent to the vendor used to contain the second call number, which was affixed to the item. when the wcp records were loaded into the library’s catalog, the first call number populated the holding. as a result, there was a discrepancy between the spine label on the book and the call number in the catalog. prior to generating the report, catqc found multiple instances of call numbers in the records in the wcp file and created a modified file with the call numbers reordered so that the correct call number was used on the holding when the record was loaded. previously, the library’s opac did not display the text in subfield 3 of the 856 field, which specifies the type of material covered by the link, and to the user it appeared that the link was to a full-text resource. this was particularly troublesome for records with lc links to table of contents, publisher descriptions, contributor information, and sample text. to prevent user frustration, catqc was programmed to move the links on the wcp records to 5xx fields. when the opac interface improved and the programming was no longer necessary, catqc was revised. n analysis to see how well catqc and oclc’s bibliographic notification service were meeting our goal of maintaining high-quality bibliographic control, 63 reports were randomly selected from the 171 reports generated by catqc between october 2007 and april 2008. catqc found no problems in twelve (19 percent) of the selected reports. these twelve were not used in the analysis, leaving fifty-one catqc reports examined with at least one potential problem flagged for review. an average of 35.6 percent of the records in the sample of reports was flagged as requiring review by a cataloger. an average of thirteen possible problems was detected per report. of these, 55 percent were potential problems requiring at least some attention from the cataloger. the action required of the cataloger varied from simply checking the text of a field displayed in the report (e.g., 246 fields) to bringing up the record in aleph and editing the bibliographic record (e.g., verifying and correcting series headings or eliminating unwanted subject headings). why the relatively high rate of false positives (45 percent)? to minimize missing serials and volumes belonging to sets, catqc is designed to err on the side of caution. two of the criteria listed earlier were responsible for the vast majority of the false positives generated by catqc: 245 fields with subfields a or b that contain numerals and 245 fields with subfields a or b that contain red-flag keywords. clearly, if every record with a numeral in the 245 is flagged, a lot of hits will be generated that are not actual problems. the list of keywords was purposefully designed to be extensive. for example, “volume,” “vol.,” and “v.” are all triggers causing a record to be flagged. therefore a bibliographic record containing the phrase “volume cost profit analysis” in the 245 field would be flagged as a potential problem. at first glance, a report filled with so many false positives may seem inefficient and burdensome for catalogers to use; however, this is largely mitigated by the excellent display format. the programmer worked closely with catcq and shelf-ready material | jay, simpson, and smith 45 the copy cataloging unit staff to develop a user-friendly report format. each record is framed separately, making it easy to distinguish from adjoining records. potential problems are highlighted with red lettering immediately alerting catalogers to what the potential problem might be. whenever a potential problem is found, the text of the entire field appears in the report so that catalogers can see quickly whether the field triggering the flag is an actual problem. it takes a matter of seconds to glance through the 245 fields of half a dozen records to see if the numeral or keyword detected is a problem. the catalogers who work with these reports estimated that it took them between two and three hours per month to both review the files and make corrections to bibliographic records. a second component of bibliographic quality maintenance is oclc’s bibliographic record notification service. this service compares newly upgraded oclc records with records held by the library and delivers the upgraded records to the library. because catqc flags records with encoding levels of 2, 3, 5, 7, e, j, k, and m, it was possible to determine if these records had, in fact, been upgraded in oclc. in the sample, thirty-three records were flagged because of the encoding level. no upgrade had been made to 21.2 percent of the records in oclc as of august 2008. upgrades had been made to 45.5 percent of the records. the remaining 33.3 percent of the records were manually loaded by catalogers in copy cataloging. these typically are records for items brought to copy cataloging by acquisitions and licensing because they meet one or more of the criteria for individual inspection discussed previously. when catalogers search oclc and find that the received record has not been upgraded, they search for another matching record. a third of the time, a record of higher quality than that received is found in oclc and exported to the catalog. the reason why the record of better quality is not harvested initially is not clear. it is possible that at the time the records were harvested both records were of equivalent quality and by chance one was enhanced over another. in no instance had any of the records originally harvested been upgraded (this is not reflected in the 21.2 percent of records not upgraded). encoding level 8 records are excluded from catqc reports. because of the relatively quick turnaround for upgrades of this type of copy, the library decided to rely solely on the bibliographic record notification service. n technical specifications catqc is a console application for windows. written in standard c, it is designed to be portable to multiple operating systems with little modification. no graphic interface was developed because (a) the users are satisfied with the current operating procedure and (b) the treatment of the records is predefined as a matter of local policy. the user opens a command console (cmd.exe) and types “catqc”+space+“[name of marc file]”+enter. the corrected file is generated; catqc analyzes the modified file and creates the xml report. it moves the report to a reviewing folder on a file server across the lan and indicates to the user that it is terminating. modifications require action by a programmer; the user cannot choose from a list of options. benefits include a 100 kb file size and a processing speed of approximately 1,000 records per second. no quantitative analysis has yet been done related to the speed of processing, but to the user the entire process seems nearly instantaneous. the genesis of the project was an interest in the record structure of marc files brought about in the programmer by the use of earlier local automation tools. the project was speculative. the first experiment contained the programming structure that would become catqc. one record is read into memory at a time, and there is another array held for individual marc fields. conceptually, the records are divided into three portions—leader, directory, and dataset—when the need arises to build an edited record. initially there was no editing, only the production of the report. the generation of strict, valid xml is a significant aspect of catqc. an original document type was created, along with a corresponding cascading style sheet. the reports are viewable to anyone with an xml–capable browser either through file server, web server, or e-mail. (the current version of internet explorer does not fully support the style sheet syntax.) this continues to be convenient for the report reviewers because they do not have to be client application operators. see appendix a for an excerpt of a document instance and appendix b for the document type definition. catqc is not currently a generalized tool such as marcedit, a widely used marc editing utility that provides a standard array of basic capabilities: field counting, field and subfield deletion (with certain conditional checks), field and subfield additions, field swapping and text replacement, and file conversion to and from various formats such as marcxml and dublin core as well as between marc-8 and utf-8 encodings.6 marcedit continues to grow and does offer programmability that relies on the windows scripting host. this requires the user to either learn vbscript or use the wizards offered by marcedit. the catqc development goal was to create a report, viewable through a lan or the internet, which alerts a group of catalogers to potential problems with specific records, often illustrating those problems. although it might have been possible to use a combination of marcedit capabilities and local programming to help achieve this goal, it likely would have been a more cumbersome route, particularly taking into consideration the multidimensional 46 information technology and libraries | march 2009 conditionals desired. it was deemed easier to write a program that addresses local needs directly in a language already familiar to the programmer. as catqc evolved, it was modified to identify more potential problems and to do more logical comparisons as well as to edit the files as necessary before generating the reports. catqc addresses a particular workflow directly and provides one solution. it is procedural as opposed to event driven or object oriented. with version 1.3, the generic functions were extracted into a marclib 1.0, a common object file format library. functions specific to local workflow remain in catqc. the program is freely available to interested libraries by contacting the authors. as of this writing, the university of florida plans to distribute this utility under the gnu public license version 3 (see www.opensource.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.html) while retaining copyright. n conclusion catqc provides catalogers an easy way to check the bibliographic quality of shelf-ready material without the book in hand. as a result, throughput time from receipt to shelf is reduced, and staff can focus data review on problem areas—those affecting access or interfering with local processes. some of the issues addressed by catqc are of concern to all libraries while others reflect local preferences. the program could be easily modified to conform to those preferences. automation tools such as catqc are of key importance to libraries seeking ways to streamline workflows to the benefit of users. references and notes 1. vinh-the lam, “quality control issues in outsourcing cataloging in united states and canadian academic libraries,” cataloging & classification quarterly 40, no. 1 (2005): 101–22. 2. mary m. rider, “promptcat: a projected service for automatic cataloging—results of a study at the ohio state university libraries,” cataloging & classification quarterly 20, no. 4 (1995): 43. 3. mary walker and deb kulczak, “shelf-ready books using promptcat and ybp: issues to consider (an analysis of errors at the university of arkansas),” library collections, acquisitions, & technical services 31, no. 2 (2007): 61–84. 4. “lc pulls plug on series authority records,” cataloging & classification quarterly 43, no. 2 (2006): 98–99. 5. walker and kulczak, “shelf-ready books.” 6. for more information about marcedit, see http://oregon state.edu/~reeset/marcedit/html/index.php. <?xml version=”1.0” encoding=”us-ascii” standalone=”no” ?> <?xml-stylesheet type=”text/css” href=”http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/catqc/catqc.css”?> <!doctype catqc system “http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/catqc/catqc.dtd”> <catqc xmlns:xlink=”http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink”> <banner>wcp file analysis: 201 records analyzed.</banner> <problem> <id_row> <recnum>record: 71</recnum> <fld001>oclc number: 243683394</fld001> <fld005>timestamp: 20080824000000.0</fld005> </id_row> <titlerow> <fld245>245: 10 |a difference algebra /|c levin alexander.</fld245> </titlerow> <flags> <sub245h alarm=”off”>245 h</sub245h> <sub245n alarm=”off”>245 n</sub245n> <sub245p alarm=”off”>245 p</sub245p> <numerals alarm=”off”>numerals</numerals> <keywords alarm=”off”>keywords</keywords> </flags> appendix a. catqc document instance excerpt catcq and shelf-ready material | jay, simpson, and smith 47 <div490> <fld490>490: 0 |a algebras and applications ;|v v. 8</fld490> </div490> </problem> . . . </catqc> <!-dtd for catqc 1.3 documents --> <!-elements with their attributes; in alpha order --> <!element banner ( #pcdata ) > <!element div040 ( fld040 ) > <!element div246 ( fld246+ ) > <!element div490 ( fld490+ ) > <!element div6xx ( fld6xx+ ) > <!element div856 ( fld856+ ) > <!element div936 ( fld936+ ) > <!element encoding ( #pcdata ) > <!element flags ( sub245h, sub245n, sub245p, numerals, keywords ) > <!element fld001 ( #pcdata ) > <!element fld005 ( #pcdata ) > <!element fld040 ( #pcdata ) > <!element fld245 ( #pcdata ) > <!element fld246 ( #pcdata ) > <!element fld490 ( #pcdata ) > <!element fld6xx ( #pcdata ) > <!element fld856 ( #pcdata | goto )* > <!element fld936 ( #pcdata ) > <!element goto ( #pcdata ) > <!attlist goto xlink:type cdata #required xlink:href cdata #required xlink:show ( new | replace | embed | other | none ) “new” > <!element id_row ( recnum, fld001, fld005 ) > <!element keywords ( #pcdata ) > <!attlist keywords alarm ( on | off ) “off” > appendix b. catqc document type definition 48 information technology and libraries | march 2009 <!element numerals ( #pcdata ) > <!attlist numerals alarm ( on | off ) “off” > <!-the root element --> <!element catqc ( banner, ( problem+ | perfection) ) > <!attlist catqc xmlns:xlink cdata #fixed “http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink” > <!element pdr ( #pcdata ) > <!element perfection ( #pcdata ) > <!element problem ( id_row, titlerow, flags, div040?, div936?, div246?, div490?, div6xx?, div856?, encoding? ) > <!element recnum ( #pcdata ) > <!element sub245h ( #pcdata ) > <!attlist sub245h alarm ( on | off ) “off” > <!element sub245n ( #pcdata ) > <!attlist sub245n alarm ( on | off ) “off” > <!element sub245p ( #pcdata ) > <!attlist sub245p alarm ( on | off ) “off” > <!element titlerow ( fld245 ) > college and research libraries some prerequisites to cooperative cataloging a cooperative cataloging center that would be equipped to process efficiently and quickly current non-american materials acquired by our research libraries would be of immeasurable help. the plans for such a center suggested by ralph e. ellsworth1 and the library of congress2 merit attention and detailed study. if such a center can be established, either as part of the library of congress or outside of it, library administrators should act promptly and decisively. the high cost of original cataloging of identical materials in many libraries and the mounting of backlogs in most catalog departments are compelling reasons for urgent action. the proposed plans suggest two basic alternatives: centralized cataloging, or dispersed and coordinated cataloging. the former alternative assumes that the library first acquiring a given item forwards it to the proposed center for cataloging; the latter alternative prefers that the proposed center function as a clearinghouse receiving and distributing requests for cataloging to be performed by the library first acquiring the given item. both of these alternatives have their advantages and their disadvantages. the coordinated cataloging plan which is an expanded national union catalog technique would require a relatively smaller capital investment since most of ~he cataloging would be done by the larger re1 ralph e. ellsworth, "another chance for centralized cataloging," the colorado academic library, i (fall 1963), 1-4. 2 united states library of congress, items suggested for agenda of arl, midwinter meeting, 1963-1964 (draft), 1964. november 1964 by ritv ars bregzis mr. bregzis is head of the catalog department in the university of toronto library. search libraries. its principal disadvantages seem to be the burden on the larger research libraries and above all the resulting nonstandard entries which in practice, although helpful, have proved to require considerable additional cataloging effort on the part of the recipient library. the larger library in particular feels this nonstandard entry to be short of the expected and required form. moreover, whether this complex scheme can be made to work with sufficient speed is doubtful as the success of the scheme would depend on work in many individual catalog departments laboring under a variety of different handicaps and pressures. the centralized cataloging concept seems to be more promising, as there would be only one system with its complexities to -contend with. however, even in this concept the principal factor, at least for the larger library, seems to be the expeditious lending of the copy for cataloging with its attendant problems, rather than the cost of this service. a $20,000 per annum service charge would be amply justified if in return the library could receive proof slips for some 40 per cent of new titles acquired. as the plan suggested by the library of congress has indicated, there would be a great number of technicalities to be agreed upon by the participating libraries and many details to be worked out. the scope of the proposed plan would have 497 to be defined, as it may not be feasible to include materials that are not likely to be acquired by at least several libraries. more important still is the system of records that would have to be designed to control the lending of the items to the center for cataloging. many research libraries will have automated acquisitions control in operation within the next few years. provision for compatibility of mechanized records is an important factor to consider. similarly, very important and not easily resolved is the problem of insuring uniformity of the interpretation and application of the rules governing entry, classification, and subject analysis between the participating libraries and the center. it will be a difficult task for the center to design the entry, classification, and subject headings acceptable in the catalogs of any one and all of the participating libraries. a great deal more standardization of rules in these three key areas and a standardized code of interpretation of these rules would have to precede any cooperative effort if the participating libraries are to expect the cataloging done by the center to be reasonably acceptable and therefore economical. in libraries that presently "follow lc" in entry, classification, and subject heading there is ample evidence that the merging of lc · authority with the local authority for entry, interpretation of classification, and application of subject headings produces considerably less than duplication of the lc system, although the aim and rule is to follow lc. the reasons for this growing incongruence are well known. the entry that lc establishes today in a certain form may already exist in a slightly variant form in the catalog of the participating library, which had to establish it in the absence of any record of this entry in the lc catalogs. the new lc proof slip or card now presents a conflict of entry, and the library is faced with two choices: either to modify its existing records under this entry to correspond with the lc form, or to adhere to its own form and decide to modify all future lc cards under this entry. both are costly and uneconomical alternatives. the same problem exists in the area of classification, and to a lesser extent in that of subject heading use. the cooperative system would have to find a solution to this problem of identical interpretation of cataloging rules; without it much of the benefit of cooperation would be lost. it should also be mentioned that the rules of entry, classification, and subject analysis presently in force vary from library to library, and the integration of bibliographical data emanating from the center into the large existing files of the participating libraries may be a task for which the librarian's art is hardly prepared with the present tools of bibliographical control. this brings the proposed scheme of cataloging cooperation and centralized cataloging face-to-face with the conventional systems of bibliographic control and the form of catalog record which the participating libraries do and will wish to receive. the impact of electronic data processing on library techniques has just begun to be felt in its relatively milder forms: circulation control, indexing, simple information retrieval, and lately attempts to automate the compilation of catalogs. the initial success in these areas seems to indicate that within the next few years there will be a pronounced turn toward the automated catalog. the number of libraries that today would like to receive the catalog record in machine useable form in preference to proof slips or printed cards is still small. but there seems to be little doubt that this number will increase rapidly. therefore the catalog record produced by the cooperative center would have to be available both in printed card and in machine useable form. it is this need for a machineable bibli498 college and research libraries ographic record that amplifies the problems which librarians have attempted for half a century to resolve by codifying and systematizing their methods of bibliographical control. considerations of bibliographic service and economy require a machineable record that is based on a logical and uniform system of entry, systematization of subject matter, and systematic terminology control (subject headings) . present experience with automated catalog design indicates, however, that the existing rules of entry, most classification systems, and subject heading systems incorporate logical and structural deficiencies that prohibit the automation of bibliographical control to work with effectiveness comparable to that of the available electronic data processing equipment. automation applied to the existing systems of entry, classification, and terminological analysis may be likened to the installation of a jet engine in an ox cart set on a superhighway. the present systems of .bibliographic control-i.e., entry, classification, subjects-do not incorporate a ·structural design that would allow a logical summation, specification, and association of concept within the whole spectrum of the system. thus the structure of all conventional title entries or all corporate entries of one kind is not identical. there are many rules that determine the choice and form of entry for an institution, and too much is left to the discretion of the cataloger. thus entries for all conferences in a given field cannot be mechanically summarized without involving human effort. the result is the individual coloration of bibliographic control in each library to a degree that hinders cooperation through automated bibliographic record exchange. similarly, all library classification schemes, with the possible partial exception of the colon classification, are built predominantly on arbitrary and superficial arrangement of subject matter, and november 1964 they do not permit systematic representation of the subject matter in its correct structure and context. thus the structure that underlies the classification of the history of fifteenthcentury england has little in common with that of nineteenth-century england, or with fifteenth-century germany, or with nineteenth-century russia. the lack of common structure to the scheme for fields prevents any automated approach to the information which has been classified purportedly with the aim of systematization. a classification system that aspires to be an effective counterpart of the electronic machine should incorporate logic that permits effective search by a single country, selected countries, or all countries; or search by period of any degree of generalization or specification; or search by any other desired qualification. a classification structure that has been designed to reflect the prevailing philosophy of organization of subject fields obviously cannot fulfill such a function. required is a system of a more basic structure, a system that ceases to be lineally heirarchical and can function as a heterogeneous logical complex of various aspects. recent research in classification theory seems to indicate that this structure of concepts can be substituted for conventional structurization of subject fields. in our example-history, england, germany, russia, fifteenth-century and nineteenth-century are concepts each of which can be considered individually as elements of a classification system. any combination of these concepts with the aid of any one of a limited number of forms of relationships between concepts should be designed to result in a heterogeneous system which would respond to systematic, multiple, specific, or generalized search that could be conducted for any concept, or group of concepts, or any concept in specified relationship with any other concept. 499 such a classification structure would not only be ideal for the automated handling of bibliographical information; it would in addition convert the conventional system of subject headings, or its improved version of descriptors, into a conceptual system of terminology. such a terminology system could be used in conjunction with the concept classification system and serve as a terminological index to that system. this would permit direct conversion from terminology to classification, or from classification to terminology. it is interesting to note that some of our subject heading lists have attempted to do this by indicating the corresponding classification numbers where the logic of the subject heading and the logic of the class correspond. it is suggested that such correspondence within the entire system is essential. it is in these three key areas, then, that automation is revealing the fundamental importance of the dormant problems of bibliographical control. if, along with cooperative recording of bibliographic information in the conventional form, automation is considered as an inescapable development, one cannot avoid seeing the depth of the problem which may not require altogether different parameters of bibliographical control but does require a basis that equals the automated methods in power of logic. apart from these problems of bibliographic representation any serious effort to establish cooperative processing or bibliographic information transmission on an automated basis will require a standard bibliographic data format that lends itself to direct recording and reading by data processing equipment. such a standard data format would permit a mechanized exchange of cataloging data, it would assure a certain minimum of completeness of bibliographic data, it would permit programed editing in order to produce the bibliographic forms required by the individual library, and it would provide compatibility that would permit each library to choose its own definitions of bibliographic completeness and specificity for its own material, but it would also facilitate mechanical exchange of bibliographic information between libraries. in conclusion, there appear to be two levels of problems that would have to be resolved before cooperative cataloging could become the efficient, quick, and lasting benefit it is expected to be. the first of them concerns technicalities of various kinds that are related to and implied in the conventional system and form of cataloging. these problems should not be impossible to solve given a genuine will for cooperation and ingenuity for simplicity and economical feasibility. the second level of problems concerns cooperation viewed in broader perspective. it recognizes the fact that conventional methods of cataloging which already are overtaxing the capacity of most catalog departments, buried under mountains of books and avalanches of catalog cards, will not be much longer capable of solution by further increasing library staffs and the complexity of their work. it appears reasonable to assume that different approaches will have to be taken and that some of the very basic systems of bibliographical control will have to be re-examined. it is suggested that these basic systems could benefit from the logic and consistency that is implied in and suggested by modem data processing. in view of these comments it may be suggested that, before our libraries begin hammering out the technical details of cooperative cataloging, librarians-and library administrators in particularshould concern themselves with a basic re-evaluation of the conventional philosophy of bibliographic organization. the cooperative cataloging that we plan to establish should serve the needs of tomorrow as well as those of the present day. •• 500 college and research libraries college and research libraries 170 i college & research libraries • march 1981 in the text and captions are haphazardly capitalized and some illustrations are illchosen. why, for example, reproduce a page from the basilisk press' facsimile edition of the kelmscott chaucer, which through the various reproduction processes is at least six times removed from the original? moreover, a bibliography that purports to be a guide to some of the most imaginative and finely crafted books being produced today must have at least a modicum of allusive charm. the whole private press philosophy is centered on craftsmanship and respect for the printed word. as one proprietor noted, "i am far more interested in having my work go into the hands of people who are readers and booklovers, not the picky packrats who 'collect' press books .... " finally, though "printing for pleasure" is usually a private avocation, paradoxically it is a form of communication as well; it bears noting that the concluding chapter of bellamy's book, "reaching the customer," presents a candid summary of the marketing problems that plague the "business end" of many private presses.-david pankow, rochester institute of technology, rochester, new york. wynar, bohdan s. introduction to cataloging and classification. 6th ed. littleton, colo.: libraries unlimited, 1980. 657p. $22.40 cloth ($27 foreign); $14 paper ($17.50 foreign). lc 80-16426. while reviewing a text on cataloging and classification could be viewed as an ordeal, it can be handled reasonably if the usual method of reading cover to cover is not followed. one possible method, which is followed here, is to read selected parts, try application of some of the instructions, compare with aacr2 (for descriptive cataloging), look for outstanding features or notable omissions, and compare with earlier editions. it is interesting to see the many ways this work has changed since it began as a "preliminary edition" in 1964. in format it has changed from a slim mimeographed paperback to a hefty book with effective graphic design that is offered in cloth and paper. the contents, of course, have been chang'ing over the years to treat catalog code revisions, new editions of dewey and sears, developments in subject analysis, and the changes wrought by bibliographic networking. in the latest edition these changes have dictated more a rewriting than a revision. there is still a healthy portion of background theory to support the main topics. brief outlines of some of the lesser-used classification systems and newer methods of verbal analysis are included with examples, and the sections on library of congress subject headings and library of congress classification are considerably expanded and fully illustrated. the section on centralized services, cataloging routines, and catalog and shelflist filing is updated and expanded. the descriptive cataloging section, which constitutes more than half of the book, is keyed to aacr2 by rule number and is illustrated by numerous examples. in recognition of the increasing use of machinereadable cataloging records, rule examples are no longer given in traditional card format. in some cases transcriptions or copies of the chief source of information are supplied as an aid to interpretation. the rules are conveyed by many direct quotes from aacr2, to which are added discussions of problem areas and words of advice regarding interpretation and possible future changes. a good deal of enumeration of rule numbers and captions without comment shows the problem of condensing the code to a size that would not overwhelm the rest of the book. most of the omissions are understandable, but the slight treatment of capitalization and abbreviation places full burden on the examples. this is a work of shared responsibility, with principal responsibility attributed to one person (aacr2, rule 21.6b1). in the preface bohdan wynar gives credit to other authors for either "writing," "preparing," or "revising" many of the chapters. arlene taylor dowell handled aacr2, while jeanne osborn covered document indexing, filing, centralized processing, and cataloging records and routines. wynar was wise in his choice of these assisting authors. their sections are well written and show excellent understanding of background, current practices, problems, and future trends. the workability of the instructions and the effectiveness of the examples will have to be judged by teachers, students , and other users. there seems to be adequate information to give the reader a general idea of foundations and procedures, but students will certainly need a helping hand, and practicing catalogers should not find much they don't already know or have access to in standard tools. continued revisions of this book attest to a certain demand , but it is hard to visualize the audience for this particular mix of introductory and advanced material. covering the contents in one course would not be easy. it should be noted that the text is fully documented and a ~bliography of several pages on cataloging and classification aids is included. there is an excellent index and a glossary of terms and acronyms. the only mistake meriting mention is in the aacr2 section, in which .-is used to separate the items in a contents note , rather than without the full stop . only a former cataloger would quibble over a punctuation mark-suzanne massonneau, university of vermont , burlington, vermont. benge, ronald charles. cultural crisis and libraries in the third world. london: clive bingley; hamden , conn.: linnet books, 1979. 255p. $17.50. lc 79-12.929. isbn 0-85157-281-2 bingley; 0-20801668-6 linnet. in nigeria, as in other third world countries, "when social action is taken to create a new environment, then libraries will be a necessary part of it" (cultural crisis and libraries in the third world, p .242). at that time , it will be verified that third world librarians can be strong forces for the welfare of their country. to do this , they must understand the meaning of development in their country, they must perceive how technology can be transferred appropriately to it, and they must avoid the pitfalls of education and mass communication imposed from without, in disregard of their country ' s native genius. in developing this thesis through an essay-style approach , ronald c . benge devotes ten chapters to the general premises of development, education, and communicarecent publications i 171 tion ; then he turns, in the last five chapters, to the particulars concerning libraries and librarians. such a procedure gives students of cultural crisis in the third world food for thought , without , however, providing a thorough treatment of that crisis; and it gives students of libraries in the third world some guiding principles, but only a minimum of facts about the library milieu there. this essay also poises itself on the edge between · the general and the particular by drawing extensively from a vast literature concerning third world affairs in general and by reporting on the author's years of personal experience, especially in nigeria. the strong affective tone of the work surely derives from the latter source , and the reader has the feeling that as long as the author had the praiseworthy intention of avoiding a dry monograph on his topic, he could have presented his insights and feelings with more power by giving greater emphasis to his nigerian experience against a lower profile of general background knowledge.-paul tutwiler , school of library science , university of wisconsin-milwaukee. mcgregor "personalized subscription service" every customer is assigned an experienced "home offk:e" representative. you cormpond direct; any title needs, changes, cancellations or problems can be handled promptly by lettlr or phone. this makes your job easier and keeps you abreast of your subscription needs at all times. with over 45 years exper~mce, mcgregor has built a reputation of prompt and courteous service on both domestic and international titles. we prepay subscriptions ahead of time. our customers, large and small, like the prompt attention we give them. we think you would tool ask about mcgregor's "automatic renewal" plan described in our new brochure. write today for your free copy. our 48th year mount morris, illinois 81054 college and research libraries 204 i college & research libraries • may 1970 zens will benefit enormously. every city can and should have such a library as dr. martin envisions for chicago, a "nerve center ... for contemporary information, in substance functioning as th~ fact bank, information switchboard, and special li­ brary for the general populace."-edwin castagna, enoch pratt free library. library automation; a state of the art review. ed. by stephen r. salmon. chi­ cago: american library association, 1969. 175p. $7.50. (73-77283). the papers presented at the ala pre­ conference institute on library automa­ tion at san francisco in june 1967 consti­ tute this volume. the purpose of the insti­ tute was to inform ala members of the state of the art of library automation. it achieved its purpose, and with the prin­ cipal exception of on-line applications de­ scribed since 1967, it still constitutes an in­ formative review for librarians not directly involved in research and development. separate sections of the report are de­ voted to acquisitions, cataloging, serials, and circulation, but the publication lacks an adequate review of information retriev­ al. necessarily lacking are descriptions of on-line systems in acquisitions, serials, and circulation that have been activated since 1967. other sections discuss the marc project at the library of congress, networks, sys­ tem analysis and design, and buildings. the marc project has had major devel­ opments since 1967, which of course are not in library automation. on the other hand, system analysis and design is a time­ less topic. one of the most interesting sec­ tions is that by robert h. rohlf entitled "building-planning implications of auto­ mation." this section does not give cook­ book answers to those who wish detailed replies to the question "how will library automation affect the building i am plan­ ning?" but it does give a valuable basis from which effective planning can proceed. library automation will be a useful and informative publication for some years to come.-frederick g. kilgour, the ohio college library center. cataloging u.s.a. by pauls. dunkin. chi­ cago: american library association, 1969. 159p. $5.00. ( 69-17830). paul dunkin has given us a brief survey of cataloging theory in the united states. he prefaces his book with an annotated list of the most influential writings on cata­ loging; after which he summarizes the cat­ aloging codes from cutter's on. then, un­ der each problem area-entry, description, subject, classification, the catalog-he dis­ cusses the major points of view and their theoretical bases. his expressed intention is to show why we catalog as we do. the categories, assumptions, and objec­ tives of the transcendent theories are pre­ sented with clarity. we see how we arrived at our current practices, that they do not form a coherent whole and reflect histori­ cal not logical development. they are largely "the accumulation of what has been done in lc" ( p. 143) , a compromise of conflicting bibliographical objectives, par­ ticularly of conflicting theories on "the pub­ lic's needs and/ or wants. (they are not necessarily the same.)" we index the book collection both to lo­ cate a work and to relate it to other works. that is our first principle. cataloging at­ tempts to do this systematically, and parts of cutter's coherent but expensive system still stand. parts have fallen under attack. but no matter how cogent or inviting later theories have been, the system has re­ mained closed to any but peripheral and compromised changes, adopted usually for economic reasons and tending to make the system a less coherent whole. mr. dunkin shows us why we have arrived at our cur­ rent practices. we all know what they are and what problems they raise in applica­ tion and comprehension. thus we enter works on "principles of authorship," not according to the title page statement the author and publisher have agreed on. our forms of entry reflect wave after wave of opinion. we relate some types of material by added entries, others by uniform titles, and still others by form headings. our sub­ ject headings reflect a number of views on the uses of language, and a continual re­ duction of attempts to apply them system­ atically or to relate them fully. marc finds it necessary to bolster our descrip­ tions with explicit statements on such points as language of text, country of ori­ gin, and index. even the paging state­ ment, shown to be most important in es..: tablishing editions, has gone wild with the acceptance of title ii descriptions. the catalog gets larger and more confusing. the attempt to tie cataloging at least physically to books was dismissed ten years ago in the library of congress' the cata­ loging-in-source experiment. this report, called by dunkin "an amazing document," is one still deeply resented by catalogers outside the library of congress, who did not feel the experiment's pressures. noth­ ing since has promised immediate practical relief. attempts to tie cataloging more log­ ically or even more simply to books have added to the cost or to the confusion or to both. mr. dunkin has tried to limit himself to descriptive rather than critical analysis. the reader will be grateful to have the his­ tory laid out concisely. this is an impor­ tant book, intelligently done; if it emerges as a kind of epitaph to cataloging theory as we have known it, perhaps machines will someday release us and give us a chance at theories again.-lois hacker, cornell university libraries. prolegomena to library classification. 3d ed. by s. r. ranganathan, assisted by m. a. gopinath. new york: asia pub­ lishing house, 1967. 640p. (73-427373). it is with deep gratitude that i remem­ ber my first encounter with the prolego­ mena. it (then in its second edition) opened my eyes with its clear statements of the problems of classification, as well as with its amazing revelation that anyone had gone so far toward their solution. this third edition is not a revision in the usual sense, but r ather a development of those parts of the second edition of the greatest generality, excluding much of the histori­ cal, speculative, and practical discussions which (the author informs us) are being developed in two other books: classifica­ tion: retrospective and prospective, and d epth classification and its d esign. thus the new prolegomena consists, in a way, of three separate titles. libraries ·with the recent publications j 205 second edition should not retire it to inac­ tive storage unless they acquire all three new titles. if there is a work in which is concen­ trated (and the word must be taken in a very strong sense) all that is most germinal in the theory of classification, it is the prolegomena. nothing else can rank with it except the 1876 dewey and cutter works, and perhaps the gardin team's l'automa­ tisation des recherches documentaires. in this new incarnation it has become more than ever nothing but what-must-be-con­ sidered-before ... , less a survey that in­ cludes prolegomena! matter. no one (ex­ cept the beginning student, who would in all but a very few cases be quite put off by the unaccustomed rigor of the mode of exposition and who would be in principle unaware of the aporia in the praxis that have led to this theoria) who is serious about understanding, constructing, apply­ ing, or using any classification or system of indexing can afford to be uninformed about what ranganathan works through here. the new edition would better have been (like the second) printed in en­ gland; there are misprints in abundance, though most are not too serious-just ir­ ritating. but there are a few weaknesses of a more serious sort. interpolation (internal hospitality) in chain (§lg) is not really explained, though ranganathan along with everyone else assumes that dewey's radix­ fractional principle makes it possible. but it may instead be that only a faceted nota­ tion does-and then only in a somewhat weak sense. dichotomy is discussed in the proper pejorative light (§pc) , but its real function (positive/negative = enumera­ tion/"others") is not mentioned. figure 16 (p. 367) is intended to show the complexi­ ty of "the tree of knowledge"; it is so com­ plex as to confuse, and the lack of explana­ tory text makes it not a help but a hin­ drance to the reader. udc is made to seem to have anteriorising common iso­ lates (p. 448-449), which would assured­ ly surprise most of its adherents; the lack of phase-relational flexibility in udc (p. 462) is largely true, but the pioneer efforts of kervegant have led at least to an offi­ cial t est of a relator-schema of my own college and research libraries by r o b e r t f. t e a r e microphotography and cataloging: a forecast the impact of microfilm upon catalog-ing may seem superficial to some, but to others it provides implications of important changes. t h e current problems of high unit cost of cataloging books and the mounting work loads are forcing catalogers to reorganize their routines and utilize new techniques. more specifically, control of the vast and ever growing body of published materials not adequately covered by the present centralized cataloging services is one of the major problems facing college and university cataloging staffs. some catalogers may consider the microfilm as merely an added burden, but others regard it speculatively as a possible new tool. in current professional literature, many writers advocate an extension of centralization in cataloging, either by cooperative arrangements between colleges and universities or by commercial methods. t h e cry heard on every hand is: "let there be printed cards for all books," and "let the cards come with the books." should cards come with all films, as well ? in the future, might cards and films be integrated, in some new form of publication ? against the background of the general problems which face catalogers, the specific topic—that of cataloging microfilm and associated materials—may seem a minor matter, at least at present. if the task is considered from the routine point of view, it can be said: treat the film as a book. make a regular catalog card for the item contained on the strip of film and add a few notes covering the form in which the material appears. state that the item is on a film, which is so many millimeters wide; that it is a negative (or a positive print) ; that there are so many "frames" or exposures on the film, with the text reproduced one or more pages to the frame, and the lines of type running with or across the long way of the film (this last information being conveyed in code form with the words "placement i, ii," or " i i i " ) . also give credit to the institution owning the film which is reproduced or to the book of which the film was taken. these items of information are those requested by the philadelphia bibliographic center in compiling the union list of microfilms. the inclusion of this information on the catalog card should adequately complete the matter of physical description and should provide all necessary help to the patron in the use of the film in a projector. from the subject point of view, full contents notes, which give a clue to the material contained in each reel, are probably needed by the patron. form subject added entries and/or a separate card list of microfilms would also prove helpful. since the film itself is in a box or a filing cabinet somewhere, a call number indication of its location must be provided. then, to make the shelflist complete, the item could be closely classified and a card provided in the appropriate place, so that searchers using this tool should not be disappointed. also, a dummy of the item filmed could be placed in the book stacks or vertical file so that patrons looking in those places would be rewarded. by this time, at least, the average cataloger may feel overwhelmed. yet each item on this list has been advanced in the literature for inclusion in the routine for handling microfilm. can all of it be done? is it all necessary? is any of it july, 1946 231 necessary? since catalogers, as a group, do not agree about methods or even about certain fundamental aims and purposes, it is difficult to answer these questions, even the last one. shall the film be thought of as not just another book but as something quite different—because of its form, the uses to which it is put, and the type of service it is capable of rendering? materials filmed t h e types of materials which are filmed and with which librarians deal may be considered. generally speaking, a university will buy film when it is cheaper to do so than to obtain the original book or periodical, or when it is impossible to obtain it. w h e n the expected use is heavy, enlarged prints or photostats will be preferable to film, but, in the case of lengthy research items, film is desirable because of its smaller bulk and lower cost. a t present there are certain major categories of film : newspapers and serial publications photographed in long runs; old, out-of-print, and rare books, usually unobtainable in the original by the average institution; and a miscellaneous hodpepodge of theses, manuscripts, maps, and articles from serials. newspapers and other serials, when considered as units and not analyzed, present no new problems. rare books, as such, deserve careful treatment and justify the expenditure of time by the cataloger; cards for such items are increasingly available from centralized cataloging undertakings. in the beginning the cataloging of films of these materials may follow in the pattern of our present handling of the originals. but what about the third group? a start is being made in the centralized handling of doctoral dissertations by the microfilm abstracts project. but there is nothing to help with periodical articles, which come frequently as a substitute for the interlibrary lending of originals. at this point there is trouble. if these items are handled as analytics—and the decision on this point is a matter of institutional policy—then considerable work results. side by side with the problem of reprint via film, there is that of the "publication" of manuscript material. t h e recent phenomenal increase in the bulk of near-print publications, issued in small editions, indicates something of what may be expected from this quarter. the rider book it might be profitable at this point to refer to an important recent book: fremont r i d e r ' s the scholar and the, future of the research library. in it, m r . rider makes a frontal attack on the problem of handling the types of material under discussion— theses, manuscript material, maps, ephemeral publications of small editions, and serial publications; all research material, most of it of limited use. yet so important does m r . rider believe the need for detailed cataloging of these items, that he advocates centralized handling of such materials to effect a publication or republication in microprint form on catalog cards. serials would be analyzed, one article to a card. t h i s is a significant matter, since the process is essentially one of modifying the present methods of microreproduction with the object of incorporating the benefits of centralized cataloging. t h e form of the card which m r . rider advocates is also worth noting. first of all, there is no call number and no numerically expressed classification, since the book is on the back of the card. t h e subject of the item is indicated in a "classificational subject heading" printed at the top of the card at first indention. instead of the present classification systems expressed in numerical notation, m r . rider would use one utilizing word notation. in 232 college and research libraries place of the present alphabetical subject catalog he would use a printed index in book form, similar to dewey's "relativ index." t h e next thing which strikes the cataloger is the fact that the microcard is a true unit card. no added entries are to be supplied by typewriter. by widely separating the indention and by varying the type face of the three entry lines, which indicate the subject classification, the author, and the title, m r . rider believes that recognition of the entry will be automatic to any patron who flips over a few cards in the file. i t may be added parenthetically that underlining the entry letter with red ink would permanently "locate" the card. useful information t h i r d , each card bears an annotation and a vita, which give consistently more information of a kind useful to the research worker than is provided in our present code for routine cataloging. since the text itself is reproduced in miniature on the reverse of the card, the bibliographic description can be shortened and simplified, thus reducing cost. w i t h the microcard, true centralized cataloging and cataloging at the publishing level are provided. in other words, the cataloger has something to say about the form of the published item, taking advantage of the moneyand timesaving features of mass reproduction. each university would be supplying copy in its chosen field of concentration, to be edited and published in its own plant or, in cooperation with other institutions, at central laboratories. m r . rider would literally have us all participating in this new cataloging-publishing venture. at this point the weary cataloger will say: " w h a t about all this saving us time? look at the bulk of the union list of serials. h o w long do you think it will take us to wade through that, analyzing everything?" under any plan of cataloging, such a program would take many years. but, under any plan of centralized cataloging, time is usually saved. translated into budgetary terms, the saving of catalogers' time is a major saving of money for libraries in the aggregate. furthermore, if the most-used serials are handled first (and usestudies already made can be utilized as guides in this), the time elapsing before accomplishing reasonably complete coverage in many fields may be less than believed. microcard suggestions but what about the present? microcards are still just a topic for discussion. can a start be made? present microfilm equipment, for example, can be used to experiment. several writers have advocated that short strips of microfilm be mounted on catalog cards and filed by an entry typed in the usual way on the front of the card. t h e card could then be read in a readex machine (an easier procedure for the patron than using a projector). using this idea as a starting point, a modest program of institutional publication of certain items of limited use could be worked out. master's theses rarely circulate in carbon copy form outside the walls of originating institutions. t h e thesis of average length can be filmed in the unbound state for a dollar or two. t h e resulting five feet of film (average) can be cut into twelve strips, trimmed, and mounted three together at a time in a printing frame to make positive prints, the size of a catalog card, containing twentyfour pages of microtext. o n the unsensitized sides, a catalog entry for the item could be mimeographed. t h i s would include an annotation, or abstract of the thesis, and a vita. t o t a l cost may be estijuly, 1946 24 7 mated at something under ten cents a card, including labor and materials for filming, printing, and cataloging, in an edition of thirty copies. larger editions and blanket subscription arrangements would reduce costs slightly. t h i s total cost of forty or fifty cents a title would be only a little higher than the cost of an interlibrary loan for the bound book. if desired, sets of "regular" catalog cards to accompany the photocards could be mimeographed at the same time at little extra cost. not only theses but out-of-print titles in university serial publications and all sorts of material previously denied publication because of high costs could be issued. it might prove more economical if material to be filmed, with its catalog card copy, could be sent from several institutions in an area to a single central laboratory for processing. wilson and tauber, in the university library, suggest such a laboratory for the los angeles area. group publishing i t is not wise to confine thought to one style of technique. catalogers think largely in terms of cards, though they use book-style catalogs and bibliographies as a matter of course and as a matter of preference when a choice is offered between books and cards. for many years, the wilson cumulative indexes have been a boon to libraries. t h e development of mimeographing, miniature printing, and other low-cost methods of reproduction has made book catalogs increasingly practical for many uses. it is possible to contemplate a program of handling serial publications which would use the filming of continuous runs of text, accompanied by book catalogs similar to the wilson periodical indexes. publications could be filmed and published in groups. for example, serials in the field of organic chemistry which were not widely distributed in the original could be handled as a block. nor would the plan restrict itself to serials. all dissertations in the field of education could be reduced to film and issued annually in one alphabet, on a few large reels, and indexed in a single volume. t h e cost of film and index should be only a fraction of that of the publications alone, as originally issued. t h e main difficulty would be in handling film. special projectors, with high speed rewind, and provision for stroboscopic indexing of the film itself would be necessary. such a program would be larger in unit scale than the microcard one and would raise problems of commercial backing and publication. since films, not books, would be forwarded with the index copy to the central "publishing" plants, the handling of materials would not prove difficult. in essence, the plan would not be as flexible as that of microcards, and would be harder to keep up to date—a fact that would not enter into the matter of issuing older titles. other suggestions in the july 1945 issue of the library quarterly, ralph eugene ellsworth outlines a proposed book type national union catalog, with annual supplements and a parallel series of subject bibliographies in book form. following this idea, there appeared in the november 1945 a.l.a. bulletin an article on "microbibliography: a possible alternative to microcards" by edwin e. williams. h e proposed subject bibliographies with "supplements containing the full text in microprint of all the materials they list." t h i s idea, also, is capable of further development. w h y not reprint groups of serials or similar materials, as suggested above, in book form rather than on film? if the cost could be brought down from the present readex price of more than fifty cents a sheet to ten cents, 234 college and research libraries the text of the approximately seven thousand dissertations normally purchased by a large university library during the year could be available in ten quarto loose-leaf volumes costing a hundred dollars a volume. t h e format and degree of reduction assumed here is that used in the present readex process. greater reductions are foreseen by fremont rider and others. should they be achieved, possibilities would increase tremendously. if space were the only factor to be considered, the proposed national union catalog, by tripling its contemplated size of 1900 volumes, could include not only the catalog cards for all books in the united states but the microtext of all the books as well. indexing whatever form microphotography may take in the future, those who forecast its growth and development also forecast a parallel development of centralized indexing in a form not interfilable in the present card catalog (and this applies to microcards, if one looks at the matter practically). t h i s is a trend that scholars and librarians may deplore but it is determined by economic necessity. if research materials are distributed, they should be indexed, but the amount of use to which these materials will be subjected does not justify adoption of the present costly methods of piecework cataloging. undoubtedly, there will always be items not included in the large, centrally issued blocks of micro-materials; these can only be handled as separate cards or reels, as is now done. it is to be expected, however, that the cataloging of such items will be patterned after that of other large compilations of microprint and not after the style of the present card catalog. i t may be that the library will issue book catalogs of its own unique items or prepare cards interfilable with the unit style microcards. t h e writer is aware that this point is debatable. for example, keyes d . metcalf, in t h e library journal of s e p t . i , 1945, asserts: "if microcards are filed separately, a catalog card for [each one of] them must be in the regular catalog and that of course adds to the expense." at the present time, the cards for a small group of "rare book" or "manuscript" films would be lost if not in the main catalog. but, one may inquire, is a card in the main public catalog now deemed necessary for every government document, for every periodical article now indexed by the wilson services? is it too much to expect that the research worker of the f u t u r e shall look in two or more files rather than in one? whatever decision is made about the desirability of extending double cataloging coverage, an arbitrary division of materials will almost inevitably be effected. t h e matter of cost, it would seem, is a decisive factor here, as well as the large-scale development of the new medium. new processes developed t h e war interrupted the development of the use of microphotography in libraries just at the point where it was ceasing to be merely an auxiliary to the other, principal categories of material. t h e development of new technical processes in the field, however, was stimulated by wartime needs. n o doubt new processes and devices will appear shortly on the market ready for use. it is not difficult to foretell that the use that libraries make of the new techniques will be determined to a large extent by the cooperation of catalogers. t h e economies and increase in volume of service made possible by microphotography will be in large part nullified if we persist in adding a dollar cataloging charge to the cost of each item. whatever is done in planning the future july, 1946 24 7 of cataloging of microfilm and related materials, two things should be kept in m i n d : first, it must be decided what type of service catalogs are to render and what type of patron is to be served principally. probably, we shall incline more and more to the subject approach—at least, in current largescale cooperative cataloging projects more attention is being paid to this kind of detail than was before felt necessary. f o r the full coverage of a book from the subject point of view, we may have to wait, however, for some device such as vannevar bush's filmed catalog cards, with code indicators in dot form, to be scanned at tremendous speeds by photoelectric eyes and rephotographed on the fly by high-speed cameras to form films of selected cards for the formation of bibliographies. t h e second thing that should be remembered is this: t h e only device yet evolved to avoid duplication of work and multiplication of the costs of cataloging is centralized and cooperative cataloging. once standardization of approach is achieved, this shall follow. in the meantime, so long as there remains this chaos of varying sizes of film, types of projector equipment, methods of housing and storing materials, there will exist the problem of hand-typed, custommade cards, tied to the present card cataloging system. i t is only when microphotography can break away from the present routines that the fullest measure of independent and efficient service can be rendered, as independent as the government document collections but much more versatile, supplementing and, in part, even supplanting them. n e w german library ̂ service (continued from page 225) t h e principal questions predeek's card catalog was prepared to answer w e r e : ( 1 ) w h o was doing research in what field? ( 2 ) w h a t had been the results of previous research? information would be furnished free of charge. t h e fields covered were general science, engineering, medicine, agriculture, and forestry. in fields adequately covered elsewhere, notably chemistry and mining, the card index was to supply only supplementary data. extension of coverage to the social sciences and humanities was contemplated. h o w effective the kartei was in aiding the nazi war effort could not be ascertained from the sources at hand. h a d such a research information service been available earlier in the war, it would undoubtedly have helped to expedite emergency research in germany. i t was an attempt to avoid duplication of effort and to coordinate scientific research activities on a national scale, but it came too late in the game to be of much value. several facts seem significant concerning this german venture in research library service: ( 1 ) at a time of critical shortage of personnel and materials, library techniques received recognition as indispensable tools in an important governmental enterprise; ( 2 ) professionally trained library personnel was recruited for key positions within the framework of science and technology; ( 3 ) bibliographic investigation was deemed so essential a phase of scientific research that a special administrative unit was established and substantial funds appropriated for accomplishing the work. 236 college and research libraries 116 journal of library automation vol. 14/2 june 1981 tions only. they do not list the individual works that may be contained in publications. if an analytic catalog were to be built into a computerized system at some time in the future , the structure code would be a great help in the redesign, because it makes it easy to spot items that need analytics, namely those that contain embedded works, or codes 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, and 13. a searcher working with such an analytic catalog could use the code to limit output to manageable stages-first all items of type c, for example; then broadening the search to include those of type d; and so forth, until enough relevant material has been found. the structure code would also be useful in the displayed output. if codes 5 or 8 appeared together with a bibliographic description on the screen, this would tell the catalog user that the item retrieved is a set of many separately titled documents. a complete list of those titles can then be displayed to help the searcher decide which of the documents are relevant for him. in the card catalog this is done by means of contents notes . not all libraries go to the trouble of making contents notes, though, and not all contents notes are complete and rtliable . the structure code would ensure consistency and completeness of contents information at all times. codes 10 and 13 in a search output, analogously, would tell the user that the item is a serial with individual issue titles. there is no mechanism in the contemporary card catalog to inform readers of those titles. codes 4 and 7 would tell that the document is part of a finite set, and so forth. it has been the general experience of database designers that a record cannot have too many searchable elements built into its format. no sooner is one approach abandoned "because nobody needs it," than someone arrives on the scene with just that requirement. it can be anticipated, then, that once the structure code is part of the standard record format, catalog users will find many other ways to work the code into search strategies. it can also be anticipated that the proposed structure code, by adding a factor of selectivity, will help catalogers because it strengthens the authority-control aspect of machine-readable catalog files. if two publications bear identical titles, for example, and one is of structure 1, the other of structure 6, then it is clear that they cannot possibly be the same items. however, if they are of structures 1 and 7, respectively, extra care must be taken in cataloging, for they could be different versions of the same work. determination of the structure of an item is a by-product of cataloging, for no librarian can catalog a book unless he understands what the structure of that book is-one or more works, one or more documents per item, open or closed set, and so forth . it would therefore be very cheap at cataloging time to document the already-performed structure analysis and express this structure in the form of a code. references l. herbert h. hoffman, descriptive cataloging in a new light: polemical chapters for librarians (newport beach, calif.: headway publications, 1976), p.43. revisions to contributed cataloging in a cooperative cataloging database judith hudson: university libraries , state university of new york at albany. introduction oclc is the largest bibliographic utility in the united states. one of its greatest assets is its computerized database of standardized cataloging information . the database, which is built on the principle of shared cataloging, consists of cataloging records input from library of congress marc tapes and records contributed by member libraries. oclc standards ln. order to provide records contributed by member libraries that are as usable as those input from marc tapes, it is imperative that the records meet the standards set by oclc and that the cataloging and formatting of the records be free of errors. member libraries are requested to follow the nationally accepted cataloging code (anglo-american cataloging rules, north american text, 1 • 2 for records input before december 12, 1980, and angloamerican cataloguing rules, second edition, 3 for records input later), the library of congress' application of the cataloging code, and the various marc formats in preparing records to be input. 4 • 5 the cataloging rules dictate what kind of bibliographic information should be included in the cataloging records, a prescribed system of punctuation that identifies the various fields of the cataloging record (international standard bibliographic description, isbd), which access points should be provided, and what form the entries should take. the marc formats provide a standardized method of identifying the various fields and subfields in a cataloging record and, through the use of indicators, information necessary to make the record easily manipulated by computers. in addition, fixed fields provide coded information about the cataloging records. the form of main, added, and series entries can be verified in the national union catalog to ensure that member libraries are following the library of congress' application of the cataloging code . by the same token, subject entries can be verified in the appropriate subject heading list (e.g., library of congress subject headings, sears subject headings, etc.). a study of oclc member cataloging a major problem with the use of contributed cataloging is the amount of revision needed to bring the records up to the standards described above. in 1975, a study of the quality of a group of membercontributed catalog records was conducted by c. c . ryans. 6 the first 700 monographic records input into oclc after september 1, 1975, to which kent state university attached its holdings were examined. 7 the analysis included changes in or additions to main, added, or series communications 117 entries, changes in descriptive cataloging, and changes in or additions to subject headings . the study dealt only with the revision of cataloging; revision of the formatting of records was not noted. the kent state study found that 393 revisions were necessary to 283 records. the remaining 417 records were considered to be acceptable, i.e., they adhered to aacr and isbd rules and to the oclc standards for input cataloging. recent developments relating to quality control since these records were studied, the internetwork quality control council was formed in 1977 by the oclc board of trustees. 8 its primary purpose is to identify problem areas regarding quality control and distribute information to networks concerning problems and solutions. its role is to promote quality control through education and by monitoring the implementation of standards. in addition, oclc' s documentation has steadily improved. the recent publication of the books format9 and the recent revision of the cataloging manual10 provide clear and specific information on oclc' s formatting requirements. with these developments in mind, it would seem likely that the quality of the contributed cataloging has improved since 1975. in order to test this assumption, a number of cataloging records were analyzed in an effort to replicate the kent state study. the analysis of these records differed from the earlier study in that differences in the treatment of series were not noted because one library's treatment of series can reasonably be expected to differ from that of another . methodology the records included in this study consist of 1,017 monographic catalog records to which the state university of new york at albany (sunya) library added its holding symbol during an eight-month period from november 1979 to july 1980. the records included only those that were entered into the oclc database after 1976. cataloging revisions that were noted 118 journal of library automation vol. 14/2 jun e 1981 consisted of changes in main and added entries to make them consistent with library of congress form of entry, and the inclusion of other added entries that were deemed necessary to provide adequate access to the material. in addition, corrections or additions to the imprint and the collation· were noted, as were typograph_ ical errors in all fields . subject headings that were changed to make them consistent with library of congress subject headings and subject headings and/or subdivisions added to provide better subject access to the material were also noted . analysis of cataloging cataloging revisions were required for 43 percent of the 1,017 records examined (596 changes or additions were made to 437 records). changes or additions to subject headings were made to 22.4 percent of all the records in the sunya sample, and represented the most common revision . changes in descriptive cataloging were made to 20 percent of the records, and changes or additions to main or added entries were made to approximately 16 percent of the records. table 1 compares the results of this analysis with the findings of the e arlier study . it should be emphasized that the two studies are not exactly comparable because the kent state study included differences in the treatment of series, while this study noted only typographical errors in series statements. the findings of this analysis do not bear out the hypothesis that the quality of member-contributed cataloging has improved since 1975. the overall percentage of records requiring cataloging revision is similar in both the kent state and the sunya samples . the percentage of changes made in the various areas of the cataloging records was similar, with the exception of added entries and subject headings . in the sunya sample , more revisions and additions were made to these two areas. this difference between the two samples may reflect variation in the cataloging policies of the two libraries rather than the presence or absence of more errors in member-contributed catalog records . analysis of oclc reportable errors and additions in the fall of 1979, oclc distributed its revised cataloging manual, which includes a chapter dealing with quality control. 11 the chapter delineates the errors and changes that are to be reported to oclc for correction or addition . the cataloging records examined in this study were also analyzed with these criteria in mind. this analysis (table 2) revealed that 661 reportable errors or changes were found on 486 records (47.8 percent of all the records). reportable errors or changes included formatting errors or omissions such as incorrect assignment of tags, incorrect or missing indicators, subfield codes or fixed fields, and errors affecting retrieval or card printing . other types of errors intable 1 . comparison of two studies of cataloging revision area needing kent state sample* sunya sample revision or addition number percentage number percentage main entry 44 6.2 46 4.5 title statement 28 4.0 76 7.5 edition statement 4 0.6 2 0.2 imprint 29 4.4 64 6.3 collation 111 15.9 58 5.7 series 55 7.9 3 0.3 subject heading 88 12.6 228 22 .4 added entries 44 6.2 119 11.7 total records in study 700 100.0 1017 100.0 records requiring revision 283 40.4 437 43.0 number of revisions made 393 596 *source: constance c . ryans, "a study of errors found in non-marc cataloging in a machineassisted system," journal of library automation 11 :128 (june 1978). communications 119 table 2 . errors and additions reportable to oclc number percentage of total records percentage of total errors and additions 19 6 13 17 59 errors in transcription of data incorrect assignment of tags incorrect or missing subfield codes incorrect assignment of 1st indicator incorrect assignment of 2d indicator incorrect fixed fields incorrect isbd incorrect form of entry (less than lc) errors affecting retrieval or card printing bibliographic information missing addition of access points 313 8 87 3 1 135 total number of records containing reportable errors or additions total number of reportable errors or additions 486 661 eluded incorrect or omitted access points (added or subject entries, isbn, lc card numbers, etc.), errors in transcription of data, incorrect isbn, and the omission of needed bibliographic information. approximately 40 percent (408) of the records contained formatting errors, with over 29 percent (300) of the records containing incomplete or incorrect fixed fields. the apparent unconcern with fixed fields may stem from a lack of understanding of the value of correct fixed-field information. the recent addition of date and type of material as qualifiers in a search of the database is one example of the use of fixed fields. in order to underscore their importance, it might be useful for oclc to highlight this use of fixed fields and further explain to its members how other fixed fields might be used in online search strategies in the future. errors in or omission of access points were found in 222 records (21.8 percent). these errors were also noted in the study of cataloging revisions discussed above, as were errors in transcription of data, in isbd, and in omission of necessary bibliographic information. summary of findings although the quality of the sunya sample seems equivalent to that of the kent state sample, an analysis by date of input of the records examined indicates a slight decrease in the percentage of rec1.9 0.6 1.3 1.7 5.8 30.8 0.8 8.6 0.3 0.1 13.3 47.8 2.9 0.9 2.0 2.6 8.9 47.4 1.2 13.2 0.5 0.2 20 .4 100.0 ords needing correction for those records input in 1979 and 1980 (table 3). perhaps this is the beginning of a trend toward more careful cataloging and formatting of records input by members. in summary, 589 of the 1,017 membercontributed records studied were found to require revision. of these, 486 records contained er.rors or omissions that may be reported to oclc, and 437 required cataloging revision. it is discouraging to realize that approximately 60 percent of the member records used required revision. such a high percentage of records needing revision necessitates the review of all member records .used if a library wishes to adhere to oclc standards for cataloging. this leads to tremendous duplication of effort and negates, in part, the purpose of shared cataloging. table 3. yearly breakdown of catalog records total records percentage year number needing needing of input of records correction correction 1977 186 115 61.8 1978 332 202 60.8 1979 339 184 54.3 1980 160 88 55.0 influences for change the implementation of aacr2 in 1981 provides the impetus for greater adherence to standards. since all catalogers 120 journal of library automation vol. 14/2 june 1981 have had to learn the new cataloging requirements, greater care may be used in the formulation of records by member libraries. the publication of clear and specific guidelines for reportable errors may help to alleviate the situation in two ways . first, the careful articulation of errors or desirable additions may impel member libraries to place more emphasis on the quality control of input. second, member libraries may report more errors, thus allowing oclc to correct the master records. a change in the method of correcting errors and the rate at which they are corrected might be beneficial. presently, errors on the master records can only be corrected by oclc or by the inputting library if it is the only library that has used the record. such an arrangement is clumsy and time-consuming. if other member libraries were trained and authorized to correct errors on master records, errors might be corrected as often as they are detected. in the long run, however, the responsibility for inputting catalog records that meet the standards for cataloging and formatting rests with the member libraries. oclc and the networks must develop methods of encouraging libraries to input records that are correctly formatted and cataloged . one way of alleviating the problem might be to develop training programs conducted by oclc or by network staff that are aimed at those libraries identified as having high error rates. another approach might be to give public recognition to libraries that contribute cataloging of high quality to the database. one example of this approach is the pittsburgh regional library council's fred award, which annually honors the library with the lowest error rate in the prlc network. 12 through the use of peer pressure the member libraries and networks of oclc can encourage adherence to the standards. in addition, they must continue to insist that oclc address this annoying, expensive, and seemingly perennial problem. references l. anglo-american cataloging rules, north american text (chicago: american library assn., 1967), 409p. 2. anglo-american cataloging rules, chapter 6 (rev. ed.; chicago: american library assn., 1974), 122p. 3. anglo-american cataloguing rules, second edition (chicago: american library assn., 1978), 620p. 4. oclc, inc . , cataloging: user manual (columbus: oclc, 1979), 1v. (looseleaf). 5. oclc level i and level k input standards (columbus: ohio college library center, 1977), 1 v. (looseleaf). 6. constance c. ryans, "a study of errors found in non-marc cataloging in a machine-assisted system," journal of library automation 11:125-32 oune 1978). 7. ibid., p . 127. 8. frederick g. kilgour, "establishment of inter-network quality control council" (unpublished document, ohio college library center, 1977), 2p. 9. oclc, inc., books format (columbus: oclc, 1980), 1v. (looseleaf). 10. oclc, inc., cataloging: user manual, 1v. (looseleaf) . 11. ibid. 12. "prlc peer council cites pittsburgh theological seminary library for high cataloging standards," oclc newsletter 131:4 (sept. 1980). college and research libraries 504 i college & research libraries • september 1981 isbn 0-85365-593-6. available in u.s. from oryx press. in this very slim volume of proceedings, the library association's cataloguing and indexing group attempts to cover a very broad topic, namely the principles and applications of the second edition of the angloamerican cataloguing rules. the group's aprill979 seminar at the university of nottingham featured eight papers; in addition to opening and closing presentations, papers were read on the use of the new rules for cataloguing monographs, music, audiovisual materials, maps, and serials. there was also a report on the status of cataloguing codes in sweden, norway, denmark, and finland presented by karen lunde christensen of the bibliotekscentralen in copenhagen. these published proceedings have been augmented by an appendix that contains two more papers derived from a 1978 library association meeting, outlining the major ways in which aacr2 differs from aacr. both opening and closing remarks labor hard to defend the cataloger and assert the importance of his or her role in contemporary library practice. as for aacr2, the opening paper (by norman roberts at the university of sheffield) is quite positive and optimistic, praising the new code for its clear principles and international outlook and downplaying its economic side effects. the quality of the papers dealing with specific material types is generally good, but presumably because of the newness of the code at the time these papers were written, they only skim the surface of the issues to be examined. while the paper on the nordic countries' response to aacr2 provides interesting information, its inclusion in this volume does not help it maintain a sense of focus. the decision to add the two 1978 papers further detracts from the published work's focus, and the information contained in these two papers was widely available elsewhere by 1980, this book's publication date. the value of seminar on aacr2 doubtless lies in its ability to serve as a record of the initial reaction to the revised code in the united kingdom. it is also a very readable book, and the style of the speakers is warm and sometimes pleasantly informal. for those who are trying to build collections reflecting the history of cataloging or com parative librarianship, this is likely to be a sensible item to acquire. it will not, however, be of much practical use to the 1981 cataloger who already has a number of more up-to-date and thorough discussions of aacr2 on which to rely.-karin a. trainer, new york university. downing, mildred harlow. introduction to cataloging and classification with 58 exhibits. 5th ed. revised and enlarged in accordance with aacr2 and the 19th edition of the dewey decimal classification. jefferson, n.c . : mcfarland & co., 1981. 320p. $14.95. lc 80-20299. isbn 089950-017-x. slocum, robert b. sample cataloguing forms: illustrations of solutions to problems of description (with particular reference to chapters 1-13 of the anglo-american cataloguing rules, second edition). 3d ed. metuchen, n.j.: scarecrow, 1980. 12lp. $11.00. lc 80-21507. isbn 0-8108-13645. mildred harlow downing's introduction to cataloging and classification "is intended, as were previous editions, for students beginning the study of cataloging and classification" (p.iii). that any introductory survey of cataloging and classification should make generalizations is understandable; that this work contains many misleading statements is not. the most serious of these appears on pages 43-45 where the use of standardized punctuation as prescribed by the isbd standards is discussed under the section on the isbn. question four (p.47), "how does isbn punctuation clarify the content of the descriptive catalog record?" confirms the author's confusion on these points. some of the other errors include: the isbds are referred to as manual (p. 6); the statement of responsibility area in aacr2 is discussed as the "statement of authorship area" (p.l6); a definition of a periodical is given as the definition of a serial (p.37); an example of a traced subject series (p.39) appears in the exhibits as an example of an untraced publisher's series (p.l93); the beginning cataloger is advised not to make a title-added entry when a subject heading and the title are the same (p.53), but there is no indication that this applies only to a dictionary card catalog; and two invalid library of librarians ... check out our great reviews! college, university and other research libraries may enroll in the pprc program for an annual fee of $300. aei will then send you every title (over 120) published for the next twelve months as soon as they come off the press. in addition, new pprc 's will receive all aei back titles, including those listed here, for the cost of shipping and handling only. this will increase your collection of aei publications by over 500 titles . become a repository of aei publications and build your collection with some of the timeliest and best-researched public policy materials around today. write or call for full details. american enterprise institute @ __ ,~ public policy research center program ._., 1150 seventeenth street, n .w. washington, d .c. 20036 (202 ) 862-6454 506 i college & research libraries· september 1981 congress subject headings are given: architecture in albania and albania-architecture (p.55). the treatment of nonbook materials (chapter 14) muddies the issue of intellectual responsibility in these kinds of materials, and then states typical patterns as if they were rules. an example of this appears in the discussion of "statement of responsibility" (p.166-67). first is the suggestion that the main entry and the statement of responsibility are always the same; second that it is necessary to use lengthy statements of responsibility to identify "authorship." in fact, while the main entry and the statement of responsibility in bibliographic records may frequently be the same, the author is confused by the wording in aacr2 that describes what kinds of statements should be given in the statement of responsibility in the case of nonbook materials as opposed to the principles used to ascribe primary responsibility (i.e., determine a main entry). suggestions for various kinds of added entries are generally good, but the use of the term "corporate author" and the suggestion that an added entry should be made for the creator of the original when cataloging a microform are puzzling. the appendix of exhibits is no less problematic. aacr2 and pre-aacr2 treatment is confused; the exhibits contain curious practice and some outright errors. among the more obvious are: peculiar spacing for the series statement (p.184, example2); incorrect tracing of a series (p.195, example 23); missing relators (p.201, example 36); incorrect capitalization (p.203, example 40); nonstandard dates in headings (p.240ff., examples 41-48); and a punctuation error in a uniform title (p.217, example 58). the comparatively adequate introduction to classification in lc and dewey is overshadowed by these errors and others and by a barely adequate treatment of automation. this book cannot be recommended. robert b. slocum's sample cataloguing forms emphasizes bibliographic description. it is a compendium of cataloging records chosen by the author as illustrations of difficult cataloging problems. examples appear under alphabetically arranged captions, which run from "abridgement of text" to "year of publication" (in the first section on books, pamphlets, and printed sheets). useful crossreferences to captions appear throughout. the system of captions is supplemented by an index. in addition, each used caption contains references to specific rules in aacr2 that relate to the examples. the pertinent part of the example is underlined. this third edition of work has been revised to reflect aacr2 in a number of ways. first, the organization parallels that of part one of aacr2. second, the descriptions and main entries have been formulated using aacr2, as interpreted and applied by slocum. it is important to realize that timely publication of this work required slocum to create these examples prior to the implementation of aacr2 in most american libraries. as a result this book must be used with some care. nevertheless this is the kind of work that is exceedingly useful to practitioners of cataloging. the display of "complete" descriptions allows the cataloger to see specific problems solved in a broader context. some solutions such as the interpolation of information about a pseudonym or the use of expanded collations extend provisions of aacr2. critical evaluation of examples and judicious application of solutions is necessary. this work will be valuable to catalogers in academic libraries who deal with a wide variety of materials and are frequently confronted by these problems. the treatment of material outside the print medium is especially useful to those who only occasionally catalog these kinds of materials. these two titles are among the dozens of titles revised or published as a result of the publication of aacr2 and dewey 19. caveat emptor.-nancy r. john, university of illinois at chicago circle. maruskin, albert f. oclc: its governance, function, financing, and technology. books in library and information science series, v.32. new york: marcel dekker, 1980. 160p. $22.75. lc 80-23417. isbn 0-824 7-1179-3. i have empathy with the author who attempts to research and analyze an entity like oclc, which is both a recent phenomenon and a moving target. oclc changes not from decade to decade or year to year but month to month. we must realize, however, that the author has to "stop time" or he would college and research libraries revte\v articles progress in cataloging u.s. library of congress. processing department. studies of descriptive cataloging. a report to the librarian of .congress by the ,director of the processing department. washington, u.s. government printing office, 1946. 48p. u.s. library of congress. advisory committee on descriptive cataloging to the librarian of congress. report. washington, library of congress, 1946. 15p. these two pamphlets are among the significant documents in the history of american cataloging. they record the events leading toward, the data supporting, and the decision of the library of congress to accept a new statement of the functions and principles of descriptive cataloging upon which a revised code of rules will be based. this decision not only brings to a head several controversies of l long standing but also projects the theory of descriptive cataloging well beyond the horizons of present practice. . the ,studies which resulted in the publication of these pamphlets began early in 1942 following widespread criticism of the descriptive cataloging section of the preliminary second edition of the a .l.a. catalog rules, a code which reflects current library of congress practice. that this practice is no longer acceptable as a national standard is evinced by the fact that some of the major libraries of the country, one after the other, are abandoning the l.c. rules and developing more effective ones for their own purposes. from these and other libraries comes a persistent and growing demand for the simplification of cataloging rules and practice, a demand which cannot be ignored without endangering not only the position of leadership so long held by the library of congress but also the future of the cooperative enterprises which depend upon that leadership. the first attempts to redefine the functions of descriptive cataloging and to evaluate current practice in the light of those functions occurred in the first half of 1943. during october and november of that year the chief of the descriptive cataloging division and the director of the processing department held a series of conferences in fifteen cities throughout the nation in order to sound out opinion and gather data. early in 1944 officials of the american library association suggested that if the library of congress were prepared to draft a new code of rules for its own use which would also be acceptable to other american libraries, the descriptive cataloging section of the preliminary second edition of the a .l.a. catalog rules would not be revised. the library of congress indicated its willingness to proceed with the development of such a code. in december 1945 a two-day conference on descriptive cataloging was held at the library of congress, with nineteen members of the l.c. staff and seven consultants from the outside participating. the basis of the discussions at this conference was a newly formulated statement of the functions and principles of descriptive cataloging, supplemented by examples illustrating the ap}:flication and effect of these principles. the statement and examples were then distributed to twentyeight additional catalogers and administrators, and a detailed study was made of all the facts and opinions collected. the full report of this investigation, together with the original statement of principles and the list of examples, constitute the studies of descri'ptive cataloging. in transmitting this report to the librarian of congress, the director of the processing department, herman h. henkle, recommended not only the adoption of the new principles but also the appointment of an advisory committee representing the library of congress and the profession outside to advise the librarian on the disposition of the report and "on questions and conflicts of opinion to be resolved in the course of the development of the code." the committee was appointed, consisting of three members of the library of congress reference and acquisition staffs and 278 college and research libraries six members from the library profession at larg~. the committee held meetings at the library of congress, june 24-27, 1946, and later drafted its own report to the librarian of congress. · this report generally approves the recommendations of the director of the processing department, proposes solutions to problems involving conflicts of opinion, and points out areas in which further study is needed. the librarian of congress approved the committee's report and directed the processing department to proceed with the preparation of a code of descriptive cataloging rules in accordance with the committee's recommendations. 'fhe completed draft is to be submitted to the staff of the library of congress and the profession generally for criticism before its final adoption as a part of the cataloging policy of the library. toward defining objectives that .this elaborate procedure was aimed, not primarily at the discussion of specific cataloging rules, but at the clarification and formulation of general principles is in itself noteworthy. rarely, perhaps never, in american library history has such a concerted effort been made to define the acceptable objectives of cataloging before a code of rules was written. the new library of congress descriptive cataloging code promises to be unique in that it will present first a statement of the functions which it will undertake to serve, then the principles which will be employed to serve those functions, and finally the rules themselves, the last being intended only to detail the application of the stated principles in typical cases. the sense of direction, purpose, and logical procedure which such a code would provide should be a welcome relief to many catalogers from the overelaboration of rules to fit specific cases. the general functions of descriptive cataloging are stated in these pamphlets with almost deceptive simplicity. these functions are: 1. to describe the significant features of the book which will serve (a) to distinguish it from other books and other editions of this book and (b) characterize its contents, scope, and bibliographical relations 2. to present the data in an entry which wilt (a) fit well with the entries of other books july, 1947 and other editions of thi!! book in the catalog and (b) respond best to the interests of the majority of rea'ders. in arriving at this statement and the principles which follow, several important decisions were made. it is in the effect of these decisions on cataloging practice that the real significance of the new l.c. code will rest. first, the decision is unequivocally rendered that the library of congress will not undertake so-called "bibliographical cataloging," the reasons being that such cataloging would be too costly, could not be justified for more than a very small fraction of the library's acquisitions, and would result in cards too cumbersome and inefficient to meet the constant needs of the majority of readers. to the question·, is there any reason why the library of congress should undertake this extra bibliographical service, mr. henkle answers, "emphatically no ." simplify the entry the second decision, complementary to the first, is to simplify the catalog entry. while "simple cataloging" as an objective is perhaps no more defensible than "bibliographical ' cataloging," it has become apparent that greater simplicity is essential to intelligibility. thus "the book is to be described as fully as necessary for the accepted functions, but with an economy of data, words, and expression." information is not to be duplicated on the catalog card, publishers' names are to be abbreviated, only one place of publication is to be given, pagination is to be limited to the last numbered page of each section that is separately numbered, the illustration statement in the collation is to be generally limited to the term "illus.," and ellipses are to be used only to indicate the omission of parts of statements and not the omission of entire statements. these and other simplifications have, of course, long been practiced by a number of libraries, both large and small, as well as by many bibliographers, apparently with more benefit than injury to library service. in abandoning "bibliographical cataloging" and adopting a more simple catalog entry, the library of congress is only catchi~g up with recent developments in the profession. in another area, however, it is moving distinctly ahead of the profession. with respect to the 279 organization of the elements of description, the following principle, as revised by the advisory committee, is set forth: the bibliographical elements of the book are to be given in the entry in the order that will best respond to the normal approach of the reader and that will enable the entry to be readily interfiled in the catalog with cards for other editions and books. for these purposes the following order is in general prescribed: title, subtitle, author statement, edition statement, and imprint; followed by the collation, series j)ote, and supplementary notes. these bibliographical elements are to be given in the prescribed order regardless of the order in which they appear on the title page or of the source, other than the title page, from which the information is obtained. in other words, the entry will describe the book, not the title page as such. this is the third major decision which the library of congress has made, and in the long run it may prove to be the most significant. in the application of this principle, however, it appears that important concessions may still be made to the more traditional practice of title page transcription in the "body of the entry." the "body of the entry," which represents the title page, at least historically, is to be preserved as a matter of form; and there is a fair chance that transpositions ·in the order of information, as given on the title page, may be indicated by symbols of one kind or another. in the opinion of this reviewer, the use of symbols to identify transposed statements would be unfortunate, since it would make the entry more complex and less intelligible to the reader while serving only to preserve a principle the validity of which has be.en denied-the principle that the entry should describe the title page. this is not to minimize the importance of the information on the title page as a description of the book or to deny its identification value but only to point out that, if the objective is really to describe and identify the book, the order in which the information is given on the title page is of little consequence for the great majority of modern books. it should also be recognized that the continued use of the bodyof-the-entry form will have only a vestigial meaning in relation to the new code, although it will facilitate the interfiling of the new cards with the old. in the interests of clarity and understanding, however, the advisability of distinguishing the new cards from the old by adopting some modification of this form might be considered. the principle of giving the descriptive elements in a prescribed order, regardless of their order on the title page, is supplemented by the further principle that "all information relating to a given bibliographical item should be integrated, except where the length or construction of a given statement make its integration with the other data undesirable." this principle is so closely related to the former one that it might have been combined with it.) if the information from all sources is to be brought together in the prescribed places on the card, the impracticability of trying still to keep the titl~ page inviolate by using symbols to indicate interpolations, as well as transpositions, is further apparent. the complexities and ~onfusions which might result are manifest in the fact that the two terms, transposition and interpolation, are in themselves inconsistent with the cataloging principles here professed, since they are meaningful only in relation to the transcription of title pages. in describing a book, as contrasted with its title page, in the prescribed manner, the questions of transposition and interpolation seem irrelevant. in all other respects, however, the suggested applications of the new principles and the derivation of those principles from the accepted functions of descriptive cataloging are developed in these pamphlets with admirable insight, logic, and inner consistency. the work of mr. henkle and his associates in this project exhibits a quality of intellectual integrity, a sincerity of purpose, and a validity of method which cannot help advancing in a substantial way the theory and practice of library cataloging. among these advances several may be anticipated. for the reader, the new l.c. code should result in more simple, direct, and intelligible descriptions of books, with greater consistency of form and integration of data, and with less irrelevant and comparatively useless information added. for the cataloger, it should be a challenge to lift his work above the mechanical application of specific rules in specific instances to the considered and purposeful application of general principles to the construction of a 280 college and research libraries catalog designed to perform definite functions. there will still be rules, but they will be fewer, let us hope, and less inviolate, the attention of the cataloger being focused primarily on the objectives to be achieved. for the administrator, the new code may mean some reduction in the cost of cataloging, although this is doubtful. it will certainly check for a time, however, additional increases in costs that might have otherwise accrued from the further elaboration of "bibliographical" techniques. for the cataloging profession as a whole, it should mean unification again on the basis of an acceptable standard of descriptive catalog:. ing, with an immediate revival of cooperative enterprise. there is every reason to believe that all or most of the libraries which have recently departed from library of congress practice will find it possible and desirable to adopt the new code, not only because it will do what they have already been trying to do, but also because the new code will enable them to do it better. in preparing this new code, the processing department of the library of congress has assumed a great responsibility.. if the work is finished with the same display of imagination, reason, ~nd courage which has distinguished it thus far, the responsibility will have been nobly discharged. we now have the principles; we eagerly await the code. raynard c. swank resources for research the first century of the fohn carter brown library, a history wt'th a guide to the collections. by lawrence c. wroth. providence, r.i., the associates of the john carter brown library, 1946. vi, 88p. william andrew clark memorial library, report of th irst decade, 1934-1944. [edited by lawrence clark powell.] berkeley and los ' angeles, calif., university of california press, 1946. vii, 78p. the psychology of custodianship of rare books has undergone certain rather profound but inevitable changes in recent decades. administrators of special collections for literary and historical research have become increasingly active in carrying out a responsibility which is at least twofold, and "preservation" and "availability for scholarly use" are companion requirements in today's scheme of service for the library that finds itself possessed of valuable books and manuscripts. this is not to infer that librarians of the past have not understood the nature of their responsibility but only that the means of meeting it have not always been at hand. it has been necessary for administrators to devise standards-often complicated and always costly to apply-whereby the two objectives could be brought into accord. and before that could be done; it had to be realized that the objectives are not irrevocably at opposite poles from each other. curators of the watchdog type had to be persuaded julyj 1947 that books are, for the most part, quite sturdy objects and not fragile things with which no scholar, no matter how righteous his need, is to be trusted. they had to be shown that their cause would be strengthened and their function made more comprehensible if the sterner rules were applied only to those books that are truly fragile-illuminated manuscripts, books printed on brittle paper, historic bindings, and the like. on the other hand, the scholar has had to submit to reading under supervision. no longer may he stuff a rare colonial tract in his pocket, to be mulled over in the comfort of a private office or cubicle. that is the prerogative of ownership, and the books and manuscripts contained in a research library are not the property of any one scholar but of all scholars. there is simply no choice in the matter. the two progress reports under consideration here relate to the john carter brown and william andrews clark libraries, and furnish excellent examples of the modern approach to the problems of administering large and important collections of rarities, near rarities, and basic resources. in addition, a third facet of the responsibility of custodianship is brought forcibly to the forefront of attention-that of assuring constant and intelligent growth. both discussions begin by tracing the origins of the respective collections which were founded and fostered as the personal hobbies of the men whose names 281 college and research libraries as baker and taylor's libris. george lowry's a searcher's manual (shoe string, 1965), based on the searching unit of the acquisitions department of the columbia university libraries, is a similar manual that is less slanted toward one library's unique practices. in gaining its universality, it sacrifices some of its potiential to spark ideas for new methods springing from specific practices. also, because of its age, it does not include searching in the data bases of any of the computer networks such as oclc' s. it would be worth having, however, if one needs to make a study of existing manuals before developing one's own. another source for ideas is ted grieder's 1978 book acquisitions: where, what, and how (greenwood press). this book contains a useful chapter on compiling a search manual. however, it also was published before the author had much experience with network searching and, in addition , is intentionally more general than lowry's manual. anyone wanting a good example of a detailed search manual for a large university library will find cornell' s to be a worthwhile purchase.-martha willett, indiana state university, evansville. cargill, jennifer s. , and alley , brian. practical approval plan management. phoenix, ariz. : oryx, 1979. 95p. $12.95. lc 79-23389. isbn 0-912700-52-1. after several years in hiding, articles and books on approval plans have reappeared , with an entire conference being devoted to the subject last fall . jennifer cargill, head of acquisitions at miami university (ohio) and brian alley , head of technical services at miami, have joined this renaissance with a study directed to the librarian who needs guidance in actually establishing and operating approval plans . since the two major books on acquisitions (ford, acquisitions of library materials ; grieder, acquisitions) give little guidance in this area, a practical study is certainly a worthwhile goal. unfortunately, the book falls short of its promise . the slim volume (only eighty-eight pages, not including a very short bibliography and index) covers establishment of approval plans, selection of a dealer, profiling, processing of material received, bids and conrecent publications i 469 tracts, and fiscal management. the latter two chapters, which are the strongest, provide some information not readily available. the majority of the book, however, gives only a general overview and fails to convey to the reader the complexity involved in operating a successful approval plan. the authors do not provide a critical analysis of approval plans but unwarrantably assume that such plans are the most efficient and economical way to obtain books. the study is based primarily on approval plan services offered by blackwell north america and baker and taylor; these two dealers are often quoted and used uncritically as sources of information. this is a questionable practice, something akin to quoting oclc to prove the advantages of networking. variations of approval plans , such as those designed to obtain publications of certain presses or authors, are not mentioned, nor is there any information on foreign plans (except for a few comments about blackwell's, ·england), a major oversight as such plans can't be built on the same model used to construct domestic plans. also missing is any -description of monitoring the plans to verify receipt of materials, or how to claim nonreceived items. the simplistic view of approval plans and the lack of coverage of many important topics related to approval plans make it impossible to recommend this book. this is unfortunate, for not only is the topic important, but also the authors have demonstrated much better work in their quarterly publication, iulc technical services newsletter .-william schenck, university of north carolina at chapel hill . united states. library of congress. processing dept. library of congress cataloging service, with a comprehensive subject inckx. bulletins 1-125. detroit: gale, 1980. 2v. $78. lc 79-25343. isbn 0-8103-1103-8. this handsomely bound two-volume set is a reprint of all cataloging service bulletins emanating from the library of congress, beginning with the first in june 1945 through spring 1978. the bulletins, which reflect lc policy and practice in every area of monographic and serials cataloging, are an indispensable tool in every cataloging de470 i college & research libraries • september 1980 partment seeking to adhere to an identifiable bibliographic standard. their pages reflect also the revolutionary changes that have taken place in recent cataloging history, and as a dramatic example, "cf.," if you will, the discussion of the "preparation of rubber stamps . . . which will embody the individual subscriber's specifications for card orders" (csb 3:3) with marc tagging instructions (124:7-11 and 21-26). in between are such diverse topics as lc' s interpretations of aacr and its _two 1949 predecessors (american library association cataloging rules for author and title entries, 2d ed., and rules for descriptive cataloging in the library of congress), subject cataloging of variant editions of the same work, and, as one illustration of growing international cooperation in the standardization of bibliographic records and practice, the ifla working group on corporate headings. all of the foregoing is, of course, the work of lc' s processing department; the editors at gale have added only what they call a "comprehensive subject index." no annotations to the text of the bulletins have been attempted, although incorporating cancellations, changes, or corrections at point of occurrence (e.g., noting in 110:3 that the discussion on serials with generic titles is continued in 112: 10) would have facilitated use and surely would have been easy to do. the criticism holds also for expansion of examples, such as those for freefloating subdivisions of subject headings in 114:9, originally published in 111:8. as it is, one must check all of the bulletins cited in the index under a particular subject to be sure that earlier information has not been superseded; the difference is a historical rather than a working document. the only feature distinguishing this publication from a straight reprint, then, is its thirty-eight-page index, an index that has been preceded by those of nancy b. olson (no.1-125; lake crystal, minn., cl979) and james h. montgomery (no. 79-121; stillwater, okla., 1979?). (another by joan b. dible, stanford, cl977, covers only no.10~ 23 and is not considered here.) the gale typeface is clearer and more ·readable than either olson or montgomery, which are printout and typescript respectively. olson's printout also dictates the repetition of a subject as often as it occurs in the bulletins, rather than neatly grouping the relevant bulletin numbers behind each once-listed subject, as gale does. whereas olson has numerous listings under both the superseded term "transliteration" and its successor "romanization" and fails to connect them, and montgomery uses the later term but fails to refer from the old, gale does right by both, using the later term and referring from the old. all three indexes list additions and changes to specific catalogin,g rules under the rule number, a most welcome feature, and all three are generous with cross-references, gale offering "more than three hundred., given that large number, however, there are some curious lacunae. there is no crossreference from "generic title,, and one must scan the numewus entries under "serial," "serials," and "series" to find "series with generic titles," where a single citation (119:12-13) is given. in contrast, olson lists five separate bulletins, and montgomery, who cross-referenced to both monographic series and serials, lists four. neither "limited cataloging,, important for libraries doing retrospective buying, nor "superimposition,, impor·tant for consistency of names, are listed either as entries or as cross-references (the latter subject also true of montgomery), but turn up under "cataloging policies at lc." only three other subjects join "limited cataloging" and "superimposition" as cataloging policies (cataloging memoranda, categorization of material, and priorities), although it could be argued that practically all of the bulletins and their myriad contents represent lc cataloging policy. another very broad subject, "lc printed cards," which consumes almost three of the thirty-eight pages and is heavily subdivided, could usefully have had its subdivisions entered directly or at the very least consistently cross-referenced for easier access to the information. well, not to pick nits. the instantgratification school of index users would argue for limitless cross-references, and its radical wing even for repetition of citations under various forms of the subject. the strict structuralist school prefers indexes heavily indented under "logical" _entries, new from noyes up-to-date references for your specialized needs available fall1980 pesticide manufacturing and toxic materials control encyclopedia; edited by marshall sittig: describes manufacturing processes for 514 pesticide materials; as well a:; health data relating to toxicity. isbn 0-8155-0814-x; $96. large and small scale ethyl alcohol manufacturing processes from agricultural raw materials; edited by j.k. paul: gives considerable design details for manufacturing ethyl alcohol in plants with capacities of 25 gallons per hour to 100 million gallons per year. isbn 0-8155-0815-8; $48. enhanced recovery of residual and heavy oils-second edition; edited by m.m. schumacher: describes numerous secondary and tertiary recovery processes for oil recovery; as well as other methods for augmenting production and heavy oil recovery. isbn 0-8155-0816-6; $48. zeolite technology and applications-recent advances; edited by jeanette scott: describes numerous processes for manufacturing zeolite materials, as well as important and rapidly increasing applications. isbn 0-8155-0817-4; $64. electroless and other nonelectrol ytic plating techniques-recent developments; edited by j.l. duffy: describes numerous processes for plating thin metallic coatings on various substrates; an important consideration in the electronics and related industries. isbn 0-8155-0818-2; $45. small and micro hydroelectric power plants-technology and feasibility; edited by robert noyes: considerable information is given on small scale (<15 mw) and micro (<100 kw) hydroelectric power technology. isbn 0-8155-0819-0; $42. exterior water-based trade paint formulations; by ernest w. flick: a practical volume containing 292 paint formulations intended for professionals in the coatings and related raw materials industries. isbn 0-8155-0820-4; $36. flotation agents and processes-technology and applications; edited by m.w. ranney: describes numerous methods and agents used to recover a greater percentage of valuable minerals from ores of low assay. isbn 0-8155-0821-2; $48. cement and mortar techi\iology and additives-developments since 1977; edited by m.h. gutcho: describes the latest cement and mortar technology and the numerous additives utilized to impart specific properties. isbn 0-8155-0822-0; $54. ndc noyes noyes data corporation noyes medical publications 118 mill road, park ridge, nj 07656 472 i college & research libraries • september 1980 with every foray into its pages a test of seriousness of purpose. the gale index fortunately falls somewhere in between, is undeniably good, and could be better; it is neither clearly superior nor demonstrably inferior to what is already available. libraries that have not kept their earlier csbs, or did not require a working knowledge of how and why lc did it so well until networking forced the issue, or for whatever rea·son need a complete run of the csbs, compactly packaged, with a within-covers index, could hardly do better. others will need to weigh carefully the outlay of seventy-eight big ones against living in annotated and dog-eared comfort with what they already have .-eleanor r. payne, university of california, davis. kaser, david. a book for a sixpence: the circulating library in america. beta phi mu chapbook number 14. lexington, kentucky : beta phi mu, 1980. 194p. $9. lc 79-4298. isbn 0-910230-14-5. this publication gives american library history a full-dress counterpart to the history of circulating libraries in great britain presented in devendra p. varma's the evergreen tree of diabolical knowledge (washington: consortium press, 1972). the very topic seems to inspire care in design, for both are especially pleasing examples of bookmaking. the circulating library seems to have originated in america in 1762 when william rind added a rental collection to his annapolis bookstore. patterned on agencies known in britain and on the continent for at least a half century and soon joined by others in america , rind's circulating library was evidently a response to a widespread need rather than the consequence of a unique idea. interesting and important though it is to consider circulating libraries for themselves , the greater s·ignificance of such study is their meaning and contribution to the growth of libraries in general and the free public library in particular. that important agency was established as a conseque nce of two major developments , the acceptance of the principle of public support for education ambassador book service, inc. ambassador book service, inc. "serving academic and research libraries" 42 chasner street • hempstead, ny 11550 call us 516/489-4011 collect! college and research libraries 410 college & research libraries july 1986 tors who need an improved sens~ of why and in what way museum practices are different from archival practices. the product is a volume that treats the initia­ tion of an archival program in a very gen­ eral manner. it is a starting point for those interested in the subject, concluding with a useful bibliography where one might pursue the subject in more depth. museum archives: an introduction is therefore not recommended for anyone with a substan­ tial amount of training or knowledge of the archival profession. the first half of the volume discusses the justification for an _archival program in a museum as well as critical issues related to how a program is started. examples of the uses of archival materials include adminis­ trative activities, publicity purposes, and exhibits. other preliminary information provided in the first section includes ex­ plaining archival terminology, conducting a records survey, and defining archival priorities. examples are prolific in the vol­ ume and are given in the context of mu­ seum experiences. photographic and other illustrative materials derive from museum environments as well. the second half of the volume is a re­ view of basic archival procedures, begin­ ning with records surveys, continuing through appraisal, accessioning, and ar­ rangement and concluding with outreach and public programs. the manual ends with a series of appendixes that are, in fact, types of archival forms appropriate to museum use. museum archives: an introduction is un­ questionably very basic but will serve well initially to acquaint museum practioners with the basic procedures and issues of the archival profession. given the level of the volume, it might only have been strengthened by expanding the appen­ dixes to include actual examples of mu­ seum archives forms rather than the pro­ totypes reproduced here. this would not only add further points of reference but would also demonstrate that some muse­ ums have taken to heart deiss' claim that "the resources of museums vary greatly, · but all of them need to make some provi­ sion for the preservation of archival re­ cords.''elizabeth c. stewart, folsom library, rensselaer polytechnic institute, troy, new york. ~ foundations of cataloging: a source­ book. ed. by michael carpenter and elaine svenonius. littleton, colo. : li­ braries unlimited, 1985. 276p. $27.50 lc 85-10333. isbn 0-87287-511-3. this chronologically arranged collection of philosophical essays written from 1841 through 1983 recounts the history of mod­ ern cataloging. the selections range from panizzi's 1841''rules for the compilation of the catalog" to the 1983 essay by pat­ rick wilson, ''catalog as access mecha­ nism: background and concepts." the editors have also included charles jewitt' s 1853 work, ''smithsonian catalog sys­ tem/' which encouraged a standard and uniform style of cataloging, and c. cut­ ter's classic 1904 "rules for a dictionary catalog: selections," along with several other equally meritorious selections. with balanced coverage and method, the edi­ tors have succeeded in illustrating the past and recent changes in cataloging, cata­ logs, and theory with these historical es­ says that conclude with m. gorman's 1981 "most concise aacr2" and his 1979 "cataloging and the new technologies" as well as the p. wilson article ''the cata­ log as access mechanism: background and concepts.'' these essays present ma­ jor issues: each is a highlight in the history of cataloging, preceded by an introduction from the editors, placing the individual work in its proper historical context. read­ ers will find this approach useful, be­ cause, by providing us with these influen­ tial essays on cataloging, the editors give a perspective on the past and a feel for the direction in which cataloging is heading. the book is timely, extremely readable and authoritative, and serves as a lively backup for current debate in the catalog­ ing field. its audience, however, may be limited to those in the cataloging field. as is said in the preface, "this anthology is ad­ dressed to teachers and students of cata­ loging." and indeed it is. those in public service might find this book of marginal interest, as would those involved in online system design, since the essays deal more "easily the best index in the field ... an invaluable guide." american reference books annual coverage increased by25% art index has long been regarded as a classic reference source a reliable, easy-to-use, affordable guide to the information contained in leading publications in virtually all areas of artistic endeavor. now, fol­ lowing an intensive content study, this single-alphabet subject-author index expands its coverage to in­ clude 52 additional publications, for a total of 230 periodicals, yearbooks, and museum bulletins, effective with the january 1986 issue of art index . used by professionals, students, and art enthusiasts art index has won an audience in all areas of interest and specializa­ tion , among them : • archaeologists • architects • art historians • city planners • designers • film students • gallery owners • librarians • museum directors • painters • performance artists • photographers • private collectors • sculptors . int ernational coverage offering an international perspec­ tive on developments in the art world , art index covers the major english-language publications , as well as periodicals published in french , italian, german , spanish , dutch , and swedish . current and easy-to-use art index provides thorough , timely indexing of a great variety of infor­ mation , including feature articles and coverage of book reviews , exhibitions , and performances , and offers : • specific subject headings that reflect current terminology . • extensive cross-references and subheadings. • entries for reproductions of works of art which appear any­ where in the magazines indexed . now available online art index is now available for online searching through wilsonline the h.w. wilson company's online coverage beginning october1984 , the art index database includes the same data as the printed version , as well as added features which enhance retrieval. for a brochure desc ribing wilsonline, along with pricing information and an order form, call the toll-free number below. retros_pective volumes now frat-rated permanent retrospective cumula­ tions of art index from 1929-1980 are now available at special flat ratesmaking this the perfect time to fill gaps in your collection. to order a subscription to the printed version of art index brings your library quar­ terly paperbound issues published in january, april , july, and october, and a permanent annual cloth­ bound cumulation. this index is sold on the service basis . the price you pay is based on the degree of use, or service , which art index pro­ vides for your library. to request a periodicals checklist which will en­ able us to determine your no-obli­ gation price quotation for a sub­ scription to art index or for any of the bound volumes sold on the ser­ vice basis, please call toll -free : 1·800-367·6770 in new york state , call 1-800-462-6060; in canada, call collect 1-212-588-8400. wilsonline is a service mark of the h .w. wilson company retrieval service. offering indexing dthe h.w.wilson c~~-~~" 950 university avenue , bronx , new york 10452 212-588-8400 p y 412 college & research libraries with philosophical issues than the actual mechanics of automation. recent writings {post-1983) have not been included be­ cause of their preponderance on engineer­ ing and system interface design, with less attention given to the underlying philo­ sophical issues of cataloging. by placing the selections in such an orderly and logi­ cal fashion, these essays show the changes the profession is experiencing, not only in its philosophy but also in the technology shaping the development of cataloging. the issues raised by this collection result from a multitude of well-known factors, among them the problems of defining . user and cataloger needs, economics, and more recently, the advent of automation. a variety of age-old issues and questions are presented in the book, including the problem of defining the catalog's purpose and the method of arranging materials: how does the cataloger meet the objec­ tives of the catalog? what has the cata­ loger chosen through time to include in the catalog entry? what are the important points to consider? what points of consid­ eration have been used in the past? how can cataloging be made economically fea­ sible_? the question of cost-effectiveness is july 1986 appropriately addressed time and again. several selections deal with the question of authorship: who is an author? should the name of the author be the primary way of identifying library mate_rials? in consid­ ering this point several essays investigate the need for main entries, both corporate and noncorporate. is an author main entry necessary with the automated catalog? will keyword searching eliminate or dras­ tically alter current cataloging practices? issues like these are addressed in great enough detail to give the reader a grasp of the problems at hand and the difficulties catalogers will face in the future. since the definition of a catalog and the needs of its users have changed dramati­ cally over the last century and a half, the methods employed by catalogers also need to change to keep up with the user's requirements and the technology of the times. foundations of cataloging provides a refreshing and thought-provoking look at the past, present, and future of catalog­ ing. in view of this it becomes apparent that we can't know where we're going un­ til we find out where we've been.-k. juri­ cek, university of wyoming library, laramie, wyoming. abstracts the following abstracts are based on those prepared by the eric clearinghouse of infor­ mation resources, school of education, syra­ cuse university. documents with an ed number here may be ordered in either microfiche (mf) or paper copy (pc) from the eric document reproduction service, p.o. box 190, arlington, va22210. orders should include ed number, specify for­ mat desired, and include payment for docu~ ment and postage. further information on ordering documents and on current postage charges may be obtained from a recent issue of resources in educa· tion. the role of fees in supporting library and information services in public and aca­ demic libraries. national commission on libraries and information science. washington1 d.c., 198s. ssp. ed 2s8 s84. mf-$0.7s; pc-$s.40. an overview study was sponsored by the council on library resources to gather existing information on the extent to which fees are charged for library and information services, the percentage of libraries charging for any ser­ vices, and the services for which fees are charged. the review panel that conducted the study found that there is little data available on who is charging fees or the services for which they are charged and even less about the effect of fees on access to information. this report of panel's findings is divided into six sections: (1) the context of the fee issue in public and aca­ demic libraries; (2) the types of existing fee structures and mechanisms and rationale for setting price; (3) the arguments for and against fees; (4) the types of services for which libraries are charging fees; (5) selected sun1maries of re­ college and research libraries r. w. meyer and rebecca panetta two shared cataloging data bases: a comparison the ohio college library center (oclc) and blackwell north america (bin a) have data bases used by many libraries to produce catalog copy. these data bases are compared for availability of cataloging for english language books. although oclc provides cataloging for a larger p·ercentage of titles, the bin a data base produces a high enough percentage of hits to be very valuable. the greater number of titles available through oclc is attributable to the larger group of contributors, not necessarily to quality of the data base. the difference in cost between the two systems and the comparable peripheral services available make utilization of bin a data base appealing. the "annual buyers' guide" in the september 1, 1975, issue of library ] ournal lists twelve vendors which provide cataloging services.1 not included in the list are three other commercial vendors and all of the various noncommercial cataloging centers, such as the ohio college library center ( oclc). of this total there are six commercial services with data bases comparable to the oclc data base. however, five services ( brodart, baker & taylor, library processing systems, t.elemark of josten's, and cardset of information design) have automated data bases containing essentially cataloging records based on the marc distribution services. some of these services (cardset, for example) provide access to more extensive files. this access is usually via some nonautomated technique such as microform editions of nu c r. w. meyer is director of library technical services, indiana state university, terre haute; and rebecca panetta is chief of book processing, the university of texas at dallas. with special indexes. only bibnet and b/na technical services compare to oclc in the approach to their development and utilization. the bibnet system of 3m corporation (formerly a product of information dynamics, inc.) and the title index of blackwell north america, inc. (bin a), both contain those records distributed by marc plus other contributed records. the bibnet system, however, primarily adds non-marc records based on mcrs (micrographic catalog retrieval system) records selected by users. bibnet is an online system like oclc, but, instead of the user adding records · on line, additions are requested by users and added by bibnet staff. because there is no basis of experience with the bibnet system at the library of the university of texas dallas (utd) no further comparison is made here. based on direct experience with both b/na and oclc, this paper reports a snapshot comparison of these two data bases as sources of cataloging copy. since these are two of the largest shared cataloging data bases, this i 19 20 i college & research libraries • january 1977 seems to be a useful comparison. similar peripheral aspects of the two systems are also briefly compared here. data base descriptions from early 1971 through april 1974 the utd library acquired its catalog copy by searching the richard abel co. (selected assets of abel were acquired by bina in january 1975) data base via the bina title index and requesting cards by lc card number or bina card number. the library retains a subscription to the b ina title index for original cataloging of nonprint media not yet available on oclc and for some preorder search verification. the library joined the oclc system with the amigos bibliographic council network in april 197 4. since then, all cataloging of monographs has been produced via oclc. the ohio college library center ( oclc) data base contains over 2,100,000 entries as of april 1976 in the marc format, of which some 65 percent are user contributed. as of april 1976 the oclc data base is accessible by crt terminal on-line 7:00 a.m. to 10:00 p.m. eastern time monday through friday and 8:00 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. eastern time on saturday. the terminal user can find a cataloging record by keying in, on a typewriter-like keyboard, algorithms representing the title, author i title, or author of a book, or the lc card number. after, occasionally, some further dialogue, the terminal screen displays a complete cataloging record in an expanded marc format. the blackwell north america basic data base contains over 1,164,000 entries as of april 1976, of which approximately 40 percent are user contributed. the bina data base is accessible via a computer output microfiche (com) title index. the title index is completely regenerated quarterly and is updated biweekly with a cumulative supplement. each entry in the index displays title, author, imprint, lc card number, bl na card number, the source of the cataloging copy, and source of the marc record. a new format which began may 1, 1975, also shows collation, isbn, and lc and dewey class numbers. both data bases contain virtually all the marc records for monographs and for serials. both are routinely updated as marc tapes are received. entries contributed to oclc by member libraries are input directly on-line. this input costs the user nothing except staff time and $0.037 per card produced. contributed copy to b ina costs $2.00 to be input into the system, and this includes the cost of the card set. cost of cataloging copy retrieved from bin a will vary depending on the source of the marc copy and the method of access.2 the bina data base contains a lower percentage of duplicate entries because all contributed entries are pre-edited by a central staff. the oclc data base has a larger group of contributors, so it is growing at a faster rate, but little central control over contributed entries is maintained, i.e., duplicates are deleted by central staff only after detection by users. before a library can effectively participate in oclc, it has been suggested that it should have an annual acquisition rate of at least 2,500 titles. bina requires no minimum acquisition rate. the practical minimum annual cost of tying into oclc is approximately $4,000.00. a subscription to the title index is currently $680.00 per year plus the cost of card sets purchased. these figures for tying into oclc of 2,500 titles and $4,000.00 .are not absolute, but they have been suggested as guidelines to potential participants. they will vary depending on contract terms and the approach to utilization by the individual library. bina reports that only 10 percent of its users subscribe to the title index, and 90 percent two shared cataloging data bases i 21 order cataloging by lc card number, isbn, or author i title, thus eliminating need for a subscription. cataloging operations the amount of time needed to train personnel to search on either system is about the same. the use of oclc seems more complicated than a microfiche search at first glance. but because the com programs employed to produce the bina title index result in a different sort sequence than most libraries use in card filing, some staff training is necessary. computers have been improved in their ability to produce sophisticated filing sequences, but some familiarity with computer sorting is required before effective searching is possible. the reader is referred to the preface of books in print or to library of congress catalogs: films, 197 4 for some interesting reading on computer filing. 3 using a microfiche reader does not offer the same initial excitement as using an on-line terminal, and eagerness to learn about computerized cataloging usually facilitates training on oclc. the use of the title index for cataloging required a routine which, at utd, included an area of shelving designated for books for which cataloging had been ordered. each title was individually searched against the bina title index, and when located the lc card number and bina card number were listed. for new titles with late lc card numbers (prefix of 69 or higher), the title index search was skipped, and the lc card number was listed. the books were then set aside in lc card number order. (since lc and dewey class numbers now appear in title index entries, it would be possible to process titles immediately and merely retain a p-slip for control.) books without late lc card numbers and not located were set aside for future searching or original cataloging. the list of bina card numbers and lc card numbers was then submitted to bina with a request for card sets. catalog card sets from bina usually arrived at utd from one to three weeks after being ordered. these sets included all the necessary entry headings but had to be sorted into author, title, shelflist, and subject groups before filing. (bin a has offered a presorting service since mid-1975.) any needed additions and changes to the catalog copy had to be made after receipt of cards. however, users can now modify any record supplied by sending modified unit cards, or worksheets, or field-updates with card orders. with this fieldupdate service for each library, bina is thus able to preserve local practices and ensure that master marc records remain true to lc practice as a minimum standard of bibliographic control. cataloging monographs on oclc is accomplished via the following routine at utd. books are searched on the terminal. if found, the call number is marked in the book, and the book is processed. any editing of the record, e.g., change of call number, is made before producing cards. books not found are set aside to be searched again or for original cataloging. a daily record of cards produced is kept by filing, in shelflist order, p-slips for all titles processed. cards arrive in about ten days, and all cards produced on the same day arrive together. cards come presorted and prefiled into shelflist, author, title, and subject packs. a brief check of the shelflist cards against the p-slips is made before filing in order to double check for errors and possible losses in the mail. it should be noted here that utd also receives from oclc the same bibliographic information that the cards contain in the form of marc records on magnetic tape. these are utilized to produce a computer output microform (com) catalog. this is explained in detail elsewhere.4 actual time of receipt of cataloging 22 i college & research libraries • january 1977 copy varies from both sources. oclc hypothetically prints cards the night of the day they are requested, but experience has shown their scheduling to slip on occasion. cards are usually received within ten days. for cards ordered from b/na, time of receipt varies from one to three weeks depending on the mail both ways and on batch queuing of requests. comparison to compare the availability of catalog copy on the two data bases, the following study was made. three sample sets selected from current imprints were gathered from approval books received from b/na in july, august, and october of 197 4. the samples were limited to english language imprints, because marc records at that time included english language only. sample sizes were based only on the size of approval shipments received. each sample was searched twice at an interval of about two months. search time of each data base averaged thirty titles per hour. this included time to alphabetize p-slips or books by title when searching the title index. the title index is actually faster to search because there is no dependence on response time or computer down time. searches on oclc were made by lc card number when available and title or author i title when necessary. ability to search oclc by more than just title may have resulted in a bit better hit rate except that this was obviated because all items were monographs with reasonably straightforward titles. search time on oclc varied depending on time of day and the status of the system during the search period. the increase in subscribers to oclc affected the response time of the system negatively, but the addition of more computing equipment has improved the situation. there were a total of 344 titles in the three samples searched. table 1 gives a summary view of these samples, showing that most of the titles were published in the u.s. in 1974 and included lc card numbers. presumably, marc records were available for many of the titles. since the books were supplied by bin a, it would seem the study might be slanted toward b/na. interestingly, however, oclc demonstrated a higher percentage of hits in each of the three samples. altogether, 27 4 titles ( 72 percent) were located in the b/na title index; 315 (92 percent) in oclc; and 232 ( 67 percent) were listed in both. only fourteen titles were located in neither data base. table 1 distribution of sample of titles and location in b/na and oclc data bases by place of publication, imprint date, and presence of lc card number total sample located in b/na located in oclc number number percent number percent place of publication u.s. 267 204 76 258 97 u.k. 56 33 59 45 80 other 21 10 48 12 57 totals 344 247 72 315 92 date of publication 1972 2 2 100 2 100 1973 45 27 60 37 82 1974 297 218 73 276 93 totals 344 247 72 315 92 lc card number present in book 274 210 77 264 96 absent 70 37 53 51 73 totals 344 247 72 315 92 two shared cataloging data bases i 23 six months after the original searches were completed, a new search was conducted for these fourteen titles. thirteen were then available in oclc and seven in bina. from this it seems that both data bases will eventually contain cataloging records for even obscure english language titles; but oclc with its many contributors is able to produce them sooner. the basic advantage, then, of the oclc system is the availability of cataloging for more publications, particularly non-marc titles. table 1 shows a listing of the titles located in each of the data bases by place of publication, date of publication, and presence or absence of lc card number. for example, there were seventy titles that did not include lc card numbers. of this total, thirty-seven (53 percent) were located in bin a, and fifty -one ( 73 percent) were located in oclc. in the original searches of the samples, oclc was able to provide cataloging for more of the titles initially, but most of these were found in the title index in later searches. those found originally in the title index, but not on oclc, were all available on oclc by the time of the second search. searching for marc records produced equal results, for as marc tapes were added to oclc, supplements to the title index arrived, usually at about the same time. on occasion, because of technical problems, oclc has held marc tapes and added two or three in one week. this delays cataloging operations somewhat, but no major problems are apparent. having once searched the title master for a title, one need check only the supplement in future searches during that quarter of the year. search time on oclc varies with the time of day during which the system is being used. for example, early in the morning, late in the afternoon, during the evening, and on saturdays response time is faster because there are fewer users. peripheral aspects neither bina nor the oclc system is designed to be used exclusively for the generation of catalog cards. part of the underlying philosophy of oclc is to reduce the rate of increase in per-unit processing costs for libraries by sharing the work load. this same philosophy works with b ina also, though less well since there are fewer users sharing the burdep. both systems also attempt to provide for other library operations. both systems provide some acquisition help. oclc is in the process of designing a complete acquisition package which would allow users to generate and keep track of orders through the system. total implementation of the system is probably some years off, but the data base already provides a point for preorder search verification. the title index also provides a source for preorder searching, but this is of a different nature since no indication is given in the index as to which users already have cataloged (thus own) specific titles, as does the oclc system. a glance at the holding library symbols on an oclc record shows immediately which institutions have cataloged the item. because of this last capability of oclc there is the obvious, and well used, spin-off feature of interlibrary loan information. by searching oclc' s data base, one can tell which institutions have cataloged any specific title; thus interlibrary loan requests can be made with prior knowledge that the loaning institution will be capable of supplying the book. oclc will soon add a communications capability to facilitate ill further. oclc is in the last phase of implementing a serials control system for users which provides for check-in, claiming, and binding as well as cataloging. this is due for full implementation during 1976. b/na provides no help for serials beyond cataloging. b/na provides along with catalog 24 i college & research libraries • january 1977 copy, to any user who desires them, circulation materials. these can be spine labels, pockets, circulation cards, label sets, ibm cards, or whatever is required. books ordered from bina can be purchased preprocessed or with complete processing kits. oclc provides no help with circulation or processing, although a complete circulation control system is planned. oclc is also in the process of developing a subject retrieval component of a public service syst~m which may be tested in 1976. bina does not provide subject retrieval on its full data base but can generate com or printed subject catalogs for any user. bina can also provide subject bibliographies from any of its data bases. this subject capability of bina is part of the overall data base management available for their users. bina programs keep track of every record used in or contributed to b ina. the production of complete or partial book catalogs is thus possible at any time for any user by employing programs developed by bina. these catalogs can be printed or produced on com in any number of formats and with cumulative supplements. complete subject authority control is also part of the system. the important aspect of the bina system is the total management control over each user's subset of records within the bina data base and the production of viable products from this system in addition to traditional catalog cards. oclc as yet provides in addition to catalog cards only archival tapes of records used by individual institutions in the sequence used and with no duplicates deleted. it is a long step from this tape service to data base management for individual institutions. conclusion both data bases are very useful. although access differs, both can be used effectively to generate catalog copy. from 62 to 76 percent of the titles searched were found in the bina title index, and from 76 to 98 percent were found in oclc. this appears to make ·oclc significantly more valuable. the higher hit percentage is accounted for by the greater number of contributed records since both contain the same marc records. the acceptability of the contributed records, of course, depends on the degree to which the contributors meet the standards. · during the interval between searches the number of records available in the oclc data base increased more than in the bin a title index. some sort of logical extrapolation of this increase would imply that it will be an obscure item that doesn't appear in oclc eventually. for the cataloging of english language monographs the oclc data base is a very valuable tool; so is the title index. in view of the cost of tying into oclc versus the cost of subscribing to bin a service, the microfiche system can appear very appealing where budgets are small or acquisitions rates moderate or where total data base management is required. references 1. "annual buyers' guide," library journal 100:1500 (sept. 1, 1975). see also nancy hoyt knight, "microform catalog data retrieval systems: a survey," library technology reports 11 (may 1975), and howard pasternack, "microform catalog data retrieval systems: the b/na title index and marcfiche systems," library technology reports 12:371-405 (july 1976). 2. blackwell north america, inc., "1974/75 pricing for cataloging and book processing services." available from b/na, 10300 s.w. allen blvd., beaverton, or 97005. 3. books ·in print (new york: bowker, 1975), v.1, preface. u.s. library of congress, films and other materials for projection, 1974 (washington, d.c., 1975), p.vii-viii. 4. r. w. meyer and john knapp, "com catalog from oclc records," journal of library automation 8:312-21 (dec. 1975). college and research libraries used. however, two noticeable omissions might be considered, especially for reviews of databases: database review and the "sources" section of r q. a good contribution to the small group of basic introductions to online searching, this is a recommended text for general training or for reference use, particularly for the british perspective. it does not however replace vendor or database manuals for those conducting specific online searches.-danuta a. nitecki, university of illinois at urbanachampaign. olson, nancy b. cataloging of audiovisual materials. mankato, minn.: minnesota scholarlypr., 1981. 154p. $17.50. lc 7983907. isbn 0-933474-07-5. this work is "designed to accompany aacr2." it is intended for catalogers to use as a reference when working with the more specialized types of nonbook material and is not a "stand alone" guide for media cataloging. examples and notes on the cataloging of nonmusic sound recordings, motion pictures recent publications i 255 and video recordings, graphic materials, realia, kits, and original microform publications are presented in the order in which their cataloging rules are found in aacr2. cataloging notes provide the corresponding aacr2 rule number, making it easy to refer from the code to the manual and vice versa. each example is illustrated by a photograph of the item, a particularly good idea that enables the cataloger to see the material under discussion. although the examples are few in number, they are well chosen and provide a good sampling of the more unusual media problems a cataloger may encounter, such as cannonballs and unique audio formats. the most frequently encountered types of nonbook material, music sound recordings and microform reproductions of previously published material are not discussed in this volume. this would appear to be a major weakness. the author may believe that catalogers are more accustomed to dealing with this type of material, and the problems encountered will only be with the more esoteric types of material-with which this book deals. but, reference should have been made only .!~~~in:~~;.~.~! f: that evolves with your changing needs. get the complete story on linx. there's no competition! on d datalinx for direct access to computerized faxon data bases and files. mail coupon to: uld d linx sc-10 for on-line check-in co and claiming. d linx for instantaneous electronic messages and comprehensive, faxon 15 southwest park westwood, massachusetts 02090 usa tel: 800-225-6055 (toll-free) 617-329-3350 (collect in mass. and canada) ha' ~e on-line training. (.1,, ~ r--------------, ni1 d name i create i =:::,y/lnfmmotion cen<e< i n i address i i lin}( i ~::phone ( s<o<e z;p i ... i d please send me more information on linx and how i it would work for my library. i d please contact me to schedule a free no-obligation i ~ linx demonstration. j c&rl j-5 -------------&:on 100 years helping the world communic.te --macmillan--------• coming this fall macmillan encycidpedia of architects editor in chief: adolf k. placzek, emeritus, columbia university this most comprehensive work of its kind features authoritative biographies of 2,400 architects-from the builders of ancient egypt to the american avant-garde. presenting the architect's achievement in social and historical context, the biographies are signed by distinguished international scholars. entries are cross-referenced and include a bibliography and a list of each architect's major works . with listings of names in chronological and geographical categories, an index of all names and architectural works, a glossary of terms, and more than 1,000 illustrat~ons . 4 volumes 2 ,000 pages, illus. 0 -02-925000-5 prepub. price (until oct. 31, 1982): $225.00; thereafter: $275.00 coming this fall 1he his1drical a1l.as of united states congressional districts: 1789-1983 kenneth c. martis, west virginia university the first and only single-volume reference to depict each congressional district for each of the 97 congresses, this is an essential aid in researching geopolitical behavior. with an oversized 1 73.-~ x 13y<i format, the atlas presents a complete history of congressional districts ; identifies every representative since 1789; and provides the means for mapping the geographic distribution of congressional votes. with an index of every representative in congressional history (and sessions served) and 70 full-page and 27 half-page maps (including 2 full -page, full-color maps). 352 pages 0 -02-920150-0 prepub. price (until oct. 31, 1982): $120.00; thereqfter: $150.00 coming this june international encycidpedia of population editor in chief: john a. ross , center for i ulation and fami ly health , colum university international in scope, content, and authors this is the first fully integrated suryey of the s of population studies today featuring 129 des by distinguished contributors, it co population policies ; the theories and meth of demography; and population dynamic various regions and the eleven most popul countries . with bibliographies ; cross-re ences ; an exhaustive index; and 122 tables figures , and 8 maps. 2 volumes 780 pages, illus. 0-02-9274_, prepub. price (until july 31, 1982): $100 thereafter: $125.00 coming this fall encycidpedia of educational research editor in chief: harold e. mitzel , the pe sylvania state university associate editors : john hardin best c william rabinowitz, both, the pennsylm state university sponsored since 1941 by the american ed tiona! research association, this is a crit synthesis and interpretation of reported ed tiona! research in a wide range of fields . no four volumes, this edttion exceeds all other scope-providing 256 all-new articles. c prehensive and up to date, the new edi provides a wealth of current information anc unmatched source of bibliographic data. ~ an extensive reference list for each article eluding works available from the eric de ment reproduction service), a thorough in~ and an improved format. 4 volumes 2 ,000 pages, illus. 0-02-90045 prepuh. price (until oct. 31, 1982): $225. thereafter: $275.00 'ming this fall acmillan film buography ritical guide 1d the literatijre of motion pictijre drge rehrauer, rutgers university most comprehensive guide available to the lish-language literature ofthe film, this twome reference spans more than 80 years of ma history. volume one contains over 7,500 cally annotated entries listing monographs, ~raphies, reference books, film scripts, and lnorabilia. volume two is an exhaustive ex. '1-me 1 800 pages 0-02-696410-4 $90.00 ume 2 500 pages 0-02-696420-1 $50.00 olumeset 1,300pages 0-02-696400-7 ~ming this fall ographical xcoonaryof ~ce ~ara cohen-stratyner $120.00 one volume, profiles of almost 3,000 art-historical and contemporary, american ~european, from ballet to cabaret. included influential choreographers, composers, littists, and entrepreneurs. entries feature a sonal and professional biography, and ere applicable, a list of works choreophed and a bibliography. a dance horizons ok. 08 pages 0-02-870260-3 $75.00 ffiuography of ioe1hics tor in chief: leroy walters, center for ethics, kennedy institute of ethics, georgerm university ~ definitive guide to the large number of terials in the discipline. effective with vole 7, the bibliography is published annually the free press and is available on a conllation order basis. "indispensable for all acamic and medical libraries ." -library journal . 7: 1981 375 pgs. 0-02-933770-4 $55.00 . 8: cijxlilable in september 1982 neuj 1he united states congress a biblio g raphy robert u. goehlert and john r. sayre, both, indiana university a comprehensive list of books, articles, . and other documents on all aspects of congress. more than 5,000 detailed citations cover the history and development of the house and senate; congressional procedures, powers, committees, and party leadership; and other key areas. with an extensive name and subject index. 320pages 0-02-911900-6 $50.00 recorded classical music a critical guide 1d compositions and performances arthur cohn expert reviews of the best recordings of more than 12,000 compositions by some 1,600 composers on more than 100 labels. " ... an enormous fund of knowledge, fine-tuned taste, and a matchless comprehension of the recorded repertory. ... the commentaries ... add an unusually rich hi to ric dimension to [cohn 's ] landmark work."-h. wiley hitchcock , city university of new york 2,164 pages 0-02-870640-4 $75.00 dictionary of human geography editor: rj. johnsldn, university of sheffield this timely volume features 550 entries-from brief definitions to extended essays-on the concepts, terms , theories, topics, techniques, and models of this rapidly growing field. 409 paf5es, illus. 0-02-916510-5 $40.00 macmrlan publishing co., inc. 2000 brown street riverside, new jersey 083 70 ,/ 258 i college & research libraries • may 1982 to other sources explaining additional types of media cataloging. a bibliography of readings or additional sources is not provided. a most valuable feature of this manual is the second appendix where the previously presented examples are shown in marc tagged format. few other tools provide this type of example and many catalogers will welcome this feature. the book also contains an overview of problems in the cataloging, processing, and storage of nonbook materials, as well as a description of procedures in use at mankato state university, where its author is located. the manual will be most useful to the cataloger unfamiliar with media cataloging, the library just beginning to acquire media in many varied formats, and the student. the reader will find the work a good, basic introduction to media cataloging and the problems it may present. library school professors should look closely at this title for possible adoption as a text for cataloging classes.-andrew lisowski, george washington university library, judith a. sessions, mt. vernon college library, washington, d.c. mccrimmon, barbara. power, politics and print: the publication of the british m useum catalogue, 1881-1900. hamden, conn.: shoe string/linnet, 1981. 186p. $17.50. lc 80-28124. isbn 0-208-018743. to any librarian who has been engaged in the organization and publication of a massive catalog, barbara mccrimmon's power, politics and print suggests striking historical parallels to his or her own past labor. to american librarians it will also be a revealing demonstration of the characteristically close-working relations between the highest levels of the government of the united kingdom and the nation's principal cultural institutions, such as the british museum and the british library. i had much to do with the publication of the national union catalog: pre-1956 imprints in this country and something to do with "gk 3," the general catalog of the british museum library (since 1972 a part of the newly formed british library), published between 1959 and 1966. from the background of these experiences i have read this book with special appreciation for the clarity of its presentation of the long history of the production of "gk 1," the first general catalog of that great library. the author has described vividly the protracted task of publishing "g k 1," which was finally completed in 1900 after decades of struggle. its 37 4 volumes containing several million entries comprised by far the most ambitious bibliographic publication ever attempted up to that time. because it opened the holdings of one of the world's greatest research libraries to scholars everywhere, it was a monumental british contribution to the world of learning. though "the british literary public clamored for a printed catalogue of the british museum library" through much of the nineteenth century, it was not until1881 that actual printing commenced. this critical point in the story was the culmination of four decades of planning and of "frustration and contention, of small steady victories over inertia, and of a final triumph that came too late for celebration." principal credit for the dogged persistence and occasional resort to subterfuge and artful stratagem-without which the enterprise could never have succeededgoes to sir edward bond, principal librarian (i.e., director) of the british museum, and richard garnett, keeper of printed books and general editor of the catalog. dr. mccrimmon describes their determined efforts in a fascinating tale. one of the main attractions of power, politics, and print is the skillful way the author places the drama of the catalog's evolution in the political and administrative context of the period. the parts played, for instance, by gladstone and disraeli, both long-time trustees of the museum, and repeatedly prime ministers and chancellors of the exchequer, are admirably developed. dr. mccrimmon makes a lively tale of the endless skirmishing among the librarians, between edward bond and the trustees, and between the trustees and treasury officials upon whom the museum depended for its financial support. although all this happened a century ago, it will be engrossing reading for present-day librarians who work with faculties, university administrators, committees of all shapes and sizes, government officials, and other individuals of every variety. this entertaining book is effectively written, refreshingly free of jargon, and uncomcollege and research libraries by maurice f. tauber personnel in cataloging departments the paper following~ directs attention to certain considerations in cataloging which have received less attention than have the technical aspects. it was read before the new york regional catalog group~ nov. 24~ 1944· some time ago, in a review article in college and research libraries/ atten­ tion was called to three aspects of personnel management in cataloging departments. these were ( i ) the alleged lack of dis­ criminatory powers and responsibility on the part of cataloge~s, ( 2) the relation of administrative organization to production, and . ( 3) the absence of a recruiting pro­ gram for cataloging personnel. it is proposed to consider each of these in relation to the general problem of cataloging person­ nel -in libraries, primarily from the stand­ point of the subordinate members of the~ staff. five general observations concerning pre­ sent cataloging personnel may be made. the first is that cataloging is predominantly a feminine occupation. probably this is truer in cataloging than in some other areas of librarianship. out of 803 names of persons engaged in cataloging, as given in the catalogerl and classi/ierl yearbook for 1937, only twenty-five, or a little more than 3 per cent, were men. this figure does not include male librarians and teachers who did no cataloging. the percentage is probably less at present. the second observation is that catalogers, 1 tauber, maurice f. "is the g9lden_ age really over?" college and research ltbranes 3:183-85, march 1942', probably more so than other librarians, are inclined to stay fixed in their jobs. that is, there is less mobility from library to library. this is probably truer of the older members of the staff, who are in many instances lacking college and/or library school training, than of recently trained graduates. this has changed considerably during the war period. the third observation that may be made arises from the war. there is considerable difficulty at present in getting new cata­ logers. practically the only way is to attract them by higher salaries from posi­ tions in other libraries. it is almost im­ possible to get male catalogers. at the same time, many libraries are suffering from accumulating arrears. this is a serious situation, since it is l'ikely that libraries will not be in a position to process quickly the foreign materials which may be acquired after the war. the fourth point to be observed is that salaries for catalogers, considering the ex­ perience and training expected of them and the concentrated work they must do, are relatively low. so long as salaries are .low, positions in cataloging departments will go begging. this will be especially true at such times as the present, when the practice in most good libraries is to recruit catalogers who have both academic and professional training. the final observation concerns catalogers as people. many statement~ made in the past have been devoted to such rna tters as efficiency and job analysis, as if these were things dissociated from human beings. college and research libraries 224 ability of catalogers attention may now be turned to the first of the three points to be discussed-the ability of catalogers. recently there ap­ peared in the wilson library bulletin two . relevant articles, one a rebuttal of the other. the first, "a philosophical analysis of cataloging" 2 by l. h. kirkpatrick, con­ tained some caustic criticisms. his remarks were summarized by · marian c. conroy and m. lucille duffy in. the second paper, "cataloger bites dog."3 according to them, kirkpatrick accused catalogers of bigotry, chronic indecision, donkey-like stupidity, would-be omniscience, and nauseating egoism. actually not all of these appellatives were used so explicitly; nevertheless, catalogers lately have been taking considerable verbal pummeling. in a sense, they have become the scapegoat for most of the library's ills. if it is observed here that catalogers are inclined to follow, rather than to ques­ tion, no slight is intended. in many ways they are no different from other librarians in this respect. yet there is some evidence that many of them give the impression of being introverted. to support this it may be pointed out that cataloging as a back-stage or off-the-scene process too frequently has been considered by administrators as a type of work that the less competent individuals, and the misfits on the staff, should be given. this attitude, however, gradually is being changed. the professional and personal qualities of members of the cataloging .departments in well-administered libraries are being subjected to the same rigorous examination as those of other members of the staff. the various personnel classifica­ tion and pay plans appear to recognize this fact. the real criticisms that hav.e been made of 2 w ilson library b u lletin i7 :443-47, february i943· 3 w ilson library bulletin i 7 :8 22 -2 5, june i 943· catalogers may be stated as follows: they are rule-bound and possess little imagina­ tion. they have failed to examine their work in the light of the needs of the users. they have neglected to examine the product of cataloging in relation to other library tools, and they are not concerned with cost. they resent criticis~ of their work and oppose change. probably all of these charges are true to some extent. yet cata­ logers have been among the first to suggest modifications in practices, to meet the wishes of reference and circulation librarians, and to retain an open mind concerning proposals for altering cataloging practices. catalogers as a group are flexible and will fit into an efficient administrative organi­ zation if administrative principles relating to personnel are properly applied. cata­ logers, no less than other types of workers, are human beings. they are interested in such things as security, adequacy of pay, fairness, recognition, social approval, oc­ cupational adjustment, acceptable working conditions, exercise of initiative and re­ sponsibility, and the right to be heard. these are normal demands of all workers, and catalogers have a right to expect that they will be met. consider for a moment the question of adequate compensation. underpaid cata­ logers are not likely to be interested in such things as attacking back problems,. clearing arrears, suggesting new procedures, or de­ veloping simple practices. in fact, just the opposite may be true. like other workers, they are likely to be idle at times and may be tempted now and then to ignore authority, to waste supplies, to handle equipment carelessly, to make errors suf­ ficiently to require constant revision, to do personal work during regular hours of service, to visit and talk about subjects not related to cataloging, and to be tardy and absent. june, 1945 225 many grievances reflect the resentment and frustration of the individual whose personal progress has been blocked. for example, a worker may be subjected to continuous shift in his surroundings and even in himself. this requires persistent efforts of the administration to assist him in making adjustment. it is often difficult to understand behavior changes, and, be­ cause there is no set pattern to these, the head of a department should not be surprised if they appear unexpectedly. administrative organization and production even though catalogers have been accused of lacking discrimination .and a sense of responsibility, this situation usually reflects poor leadership. a well-organized catalog­ ing department in a well-organized library will be as efficient as a well-organized unit in any type of endeavor. if there is a pay system understandable to all, if employees are given a chance to ad vance, if workers are superv:ised carefully and are allowed latitude to use judgment and to exercise responsibility, if favorable working condi­ tions are provided, if all staff members are treated on an equitable basis and are re­ wa\ ded for meritorious service, there is no reason to believe that cataloging production should not reach the highest possible point. a happy cataloging personnel is generally an efficient personnel. in order to keep a group of workers contented, the head of the department should consistently be con~ cerned about supervision. for example, he should know at all times the progress of the flow of work, as compared with normal requirements. the efficient way to ac­ complish this is to delegate authority to responsible subordinates. the head also needs to know the quality of the product and the conditions under which it is turned out. as for the former, various factors may be responsible. to control the latter, the supervisor himself should travel through the department often enough, with a list of points to observe, to make adjustments on the basis of factual evidence. the personal problems of the catalogers always require the attention ,of the super­ visor. the head who waits for . overt evidence of emotional disturbances waits too long. he should keep himself close to his group by discussing personal problems with various individuals and make such other contacts as will enable him to anticipate deviations in interest and emotional flare­ ups. in order th_at catalogers may not feel as if pressure is being applied to them, the supervisor should always maintain contacts with his superiors, so as to be informed of all probable changes in organization or services. for example, knowledge of an incoming gift will make it possible to pro­ tect the department against overloading. complete information on the part of the supervisor should aid him in preparing the catalogers to meet the plans of the adminis­ tration. the staff should know what is contemplated but, in order to prevent undue uneasiness, not before developments are fairly well along. code of discipline a cataloging group, just as an industrial group, evolves as a rule its own code of discipline. restriction of output is an ex­ ample of this. it is not unusual that if a cataloger produces an extraordinary amount of work she is looked on with suspicion by other members of the department. she is frequently accused of inaccuracy . . estab­ lished standards of performance should eliminate this. similarly, the laggard is regarded with suspicion and dislike. the administrator can maintain morale by re­ moving such a person or by changing his work. a good leader can exercise a great deal college and research libraries 226 of influence over the kind of self-discipline a group develops, if the attitude is against the interest of the library, the librarian or the head of the department must share the responsibility for neglect or failure to direct it properly. the head, likewise, may have other important effects upon the group. if he is fair to the workers, while protecting the interest of the library, he will find that his subordinates respond. if he places the interest of the library above those of the workers, at the latter's expense, he may dis­ cover that the staff members are not only uncooperative but antagonistic. the wise administrator also will seek out in the cataloging staff the individuals who can participate in projects and committee work. incidentally this will give them a library outlook rather than a departmental one. an efficient cataloging department is usually characterized by the active partici­ pation of all staff members. one of the best ways of developing this is to solicit suggestions. suggestions so derived serve two purposes. they stimulate the worker and they serve as a basis for singling out for promotion the more competent individ­ uals in the department. moreover, a well­ regulated suggestion plan should improve methods of work and reduce the cost of cataloging. there, of course, should be a wise distribution of praise and reprimands when occasions warrant them. there are other ways of applying admin­ istrative principles to cataloging production. the establishment of quotas and efficiency ratings have been frowned upon, but this practice should not be discarded without due consideration of the possibilities in­ volved. the presence of adequate mechani­ cal equipment, staff manuals, codes for preparing copy, reference works, and suffi­ cient clerical assistance-these undeniably aid in providing a strong underpinning for efficient organization. recently amy wood nyholm remarked that she has "noticed no library worker more subject to wearing, demanding, and exacting pressures than is the head cata­ loger of a large and important library who fully understands and accepts his responsi­ bility."4 he m•st turn to account the malingerers, the sporadic workers, and the slavish rule-followers who may have got into his staff group. he must reconcile the administrator who talks only in terms of costs. he must guard against the reference and circulation librarians who consider the catalog as the fountainhead of all answers. solution what is .the solution to all this? how can the catalog administrator and his staff do the things that are expected or demanded of the cataloging department? first of all there must be a definite program or policy for cataloging, based on the needs of the users of the individual library. this requires that the functional aspects of cata­ loging be thoroughly investigated. herm:1n h. henkle and his staff at the library of congress are studying this problem, and it is lik~ly that their findings will be useful to other catalogers and administrators. 5 second, a clear differentiation of the pro­ fessional and the clerical :1spects of catalog­ ing is needed. if there . can be careful analyses of jobs and distribution of duties, the professional staff members need not be given the time-consuming routine tasks that can be handled satisfactorily by clerical workers. third, this differentiation should make cataloging a more attractive occupation · than it is now. then there could be a recruiting program for "able and intelli­ gent young men and women of sound judg­ ment who have the personal traits of keen 4 library quarterly 14:360, october i944· ll henkle, herman h. "library of congress on­ ferences on catalo~ing, . october x8-november 19, 1943." (manuscript). (continued on page 248) junej 1945 227 c 1 wittenberg college, springfield, ohio excelsior society, 1845 1850, 1877 philosophian society, 1847 1876 (?) yale university, new haven, conn. brothers' & linonian society 1808, 1811, 1814, 1818, 1822, 1825, 1873, 1880, brothers in unity, calliopean society 1768 suppl. to i 873 1781*, 1829, 1832, 1835, 1838, 1841, 1846, 1851 1819, 1824, i826, 1828, 1829, suppl., 1831, 1837, linonian society, 1753 1841,.~ 1846 1770*, 178o*·, 1790*, r8oo*, 1829, 1831, 1834, moral society phoenix society *manuscript copy. 1836, 1837, r84o, 1841, 1846, 186o 1814, 1818, 1822, 1825 -1806 ( ?) sources of reports and .statistics american almanac and repository of useful knowl­ edge for r830-40. boston, i82'9-39. v. i-rr . american annals of education and instruction, i834, i835, i836. boston, i834-36. v. 4-6. american quarterly register and journal of the american education societ y, i828-3 i. andover, etc., mass., i829-31. v. i-j. cutter, charles a. "list of printed catalogues of public libraries in the united states." (in u.s. office of education. public libraries in the united states of america. washington, government print­ in~ office, i876, p. 577-622.) ' · jewett, charles coffin. notices of public libraries in the united states of america. printed by order of congress, as an appendix to the fourth annual report of the board of regents of the smithsonian institution. washington, printed for the house of representatives, i85l · 207p. rhees, william jones. manual of public libraries, institutions, and societies, in the united states, and british provinces of north america. . philadelphia, lippincott, i859. 28, 687p. seeley, i. c. manual of college literary societies with statistical tables. kalamazoo, i87i. i45p· u.s. office of . education. public libraries in the united states of america; their history, condition and management. special report. department of lnterior, bureau of education. . . . washington, government printing office, i876. 2v. in r. u.s. office of education. "public, society, and school libraries in the united states; with library statistics and legislation of the various states." 1896, 1900, etc. (in report of the -commissioner of education, i895-96, r.8gg-1goo, etc. washington, government printing office, i897, 1901, etc.) u.s. office of education.... "statistics of public libraries in the united states numbering 300 volumes and upwards for 1884-85.'' (in report of the com­ missioner of education, 1884-85. washington, govern­ ment printing office, r886. ccxxix-ccxxx, 6gi-782'p.) personnel in cataloging departments (continued from page 227) alertness, self-confidence, perception, flexi­ bility, and balance." 6 according to mrs. nyholm, who listed the qualities above, these people could withstand aggressive and demanding pressures and make decisions based on "soundness" and "survival value." finally, a good deal more attention 8 op. cit. should be given by adnii.nistrators to cata­ logers as people. this seems so obvious that one hesitates to repeat it, yet the epi­ demic of criticism suggests that administra­ tors, in their great desire to emerge from a bad situation, have not always used the proper approach. college and research libraries 248 college and research libraries born-again cataloging in the online networks ruth hafter participation in an online network means that the work of individual libraries and their catalogers becomes visible to, and utilized by, many other libraries. network affiliated libraries and network quality control personnel thus become participants in evaluating each cataloger's work. results of a 1983-84 case study of six academic libraries indicate that the shift from inhouse to nationwide evaluation of catalogers' records creates enhanced status and influence for cataloging peer groups and provides both networks and individual libraries new opportunities to identify master catalogers by online inspection of their work. ne of the most important developments affecting library and information agencies in the past decade has been the growing reliance by individual libraries on the services of automated cooperative networks, also known as bibliographic utilities. these utilities offer a range of products designed to help libraries exploit the fact that work done at one institution can often be utilized by another library with little or no change being required. since adherence to cataloging codes is a mandated professional requirement, catalogers everywhere are theoretically able to use each other's work. thus, development of a huge online catalog, accessible to all member institutions, should result in a vast overall saving of catalogers' time without the dilution of quality inherent in most mass production activities. network participation also creates new ways to evaluate quality. access to the network's communal catalog makes an immense public record visible nationwide on every participating library's terminal. because cataloging departments and/ or their individual catalogers attach identifyihg codes to these records, it is possible for peers, managers, critics, and consultants to evaluate cataloging successes and failures. this remarkable increase in the groups concerned with evaluating an individual library's product has received little attention in the library research literature despite the fact that sociologists and other social scientists have developed numerous case studies indicating that increased work visibility tends to lead to decreased professional status and loss of ability to maintain professional quality standards. 1 therefore, as part of my doctoral research · at the university of california, i developed a case study designed to explore how catalogers adapted to work in an online environment, how this shift affected their work assignments and professional status, and whether countervailing strategies had been developed by these library professionals to retain control over cataloging standards and reinforce their professional authority. methodology the case study was conducted . during 1983-84 and focused on sixty-eight indepth interviews with catalogers, library administrators, and network quality control personnel. in addition, i had an opportunity to attend the oclc networksponsored oglebay conference on quality control and was able to interview · ruth hafter is library director at sonoma state university, rohnert park, california 94928. this paper was presented at the acrl fourth national conference in baltimore, april 9-12, 1986. 360 many network-identified master catalogers at that meeting. six academic libraries were the sites for most of my interviews. one criterion for selecting these libraries was that they belong to a · cataloging network (online computer library center [oclc], research libraries information network [run], or washington library network [wln]). they were also required to have a budget over $1 million. this criterion was imposed in order to guarantee that they would have a cataloging department of sufficient size to be able to develop a sample group or quote without danger of improperly identifying one's source. finally, geographic and financial considerations limited my research to a sample located on the west coast of the united states. (stanford university, university of california-berkeley, university of washington, san francisco state university, sonoma state university). however, since librarianship is an occupation characterized by national norms, national networks, and national job markets, this regional sample should still reflect current american practice. results in every library that i visited, the catalogers, even the subject specialists, had extremely limited contact with students and with faculty. they tended to work alone in offices or in partitioned alcoves so . that they could devote intense attention to the literature that they were describing. since most .of the catalogers interviewed were isolated from users, especially knowledgeable faculty members, their only sources for evaluating their cataloging work were the cataloging rules and the approval of other catalogers. in an isolated work environment network visibility can provide potential benefits for catalogers who feel proud of their work and seek to enlarge the audience that is able to appreciate it. many catalogers in the sample libraries, especially the three large research libraries, fall into this category. thus berkeley catalogers bemoan the fact that their initials are removed from the bibliographic record before it is input into run. true, their qualborn-again cataloging 361 ity work is still identified as a berkeley product, but their individual contributions to their institution's prestige will not be known to other catalogers. on the other hand, all of the catalogers that i interviewed were aware of the potential negative effects of visibility. they mentioned the growing number of library blacklists of institutions whose cataloging was deemed to be unacceptable. at some of the sample libraries, catalogers were aware of these lists. department members even admitted to creating these lists. on balance, however, catalogers showed far more interest in the white lists developed by their departments-lists of libraries whose cataloging could be accepted with little or no revision or of libraries that were especially esteemed for some area of specialized cataloging (e.g., music scores). although catalogers interviewed had not actually compared their lists with colleagues in other institutions, most felt confident that the same names would appear on the majority of library white lists. network quality-control personnel were also aware of and used white lists to ·create spin-off products. because oclc, its regional networks, and its cataloging advisory groups know where the highquality cataloging departments are located, they were confident in, and capable of, assigning these departments the task of revising errors in the database. project enhance, inaugurated in december 1983, with its initial designation of twenty revising libraries, is a direct offspring of network visibility, quality control, and evaluation. both oclc and wln have compiled resource lists of catalogers knowledgeable about cataloging rules and network procedures, and these lists are available to institutions seeking expert consultants. of course, the lists also provide the source from which new members of network advisory committees can be drawn. it is true that acknowledged nationwide cataloging experts existed in the library profession ptjor to networks. they were usually identified because of their rank (e.g., heads of cataloging departments of major research libraries), their articles in the library literature, or their membership 362 college & research libraries in important state or national cataloging committees. network participation has added two new possibilities for nationwide renown-participation in network committees and/or quality of cataloging prepared by the individual or the department that he/she represents. in some ways the first of the new possibilities is simply a variation on the old requirements for approval by the establishment. after all, being head of a catalog department, being selected to publish in refereed library journals, or being appointed to national committees is a function of the cataloger's ability to meet the standards of the existing power structure of the library world. the second of the new paths to cataloging stardom, however, does not fit comfortably into the traditional mold. it stresses performance· and peer evaluation rather than administrative approval and political alliances. while this phenomenon is much too new to be realistically assessed, interviews with catalogers reveal a great interest in, and approval of, working peers, especially those that are associated with the networks. in fact, among the catalogers interviewed there appeared to be a high level of consensus that peer group representatives are worthy leaders who have publicly proved their high ethical standards by adhering to quality professional cataloging standards, even when doing so sometimes becomes unpleasant. one cataloger at the oglebay conference saw things this way: quality control is a lot like cleaning a cat box. it is expected-that is your fellow librarians expect you to keep their data base clean. 2 but, of course, people who clean out cat litter boxes sometimes develop such strong aversions to their contents that they decide to get rid of the animals responsible for producing the mess. discussions with network quality-control personnel indicate that master catalogers are characterized both by the high quality of their work and their tendency to report substandard cataloging done by others. in fact, error reporting is one way that oclc regional networks identify resource people and potential members of their advisory groups. these networks analyze the july 1986 error reports sent to them, examine the documentation that accompanies the report in order to establish that the record is indeed in error, and develop files of individuals dedicated to maintaining a "clean" database. the regional networks then review online the work produced by each cataloger, and if that work is ranked superior, the error-spotting catalogers will begin to be invited to participate in network committees. in time, this participation will often lead to invitations to join nationwide cataloging advisory committees. while this process is favorable for the error reporter, what impact does it have on the individuals or departments that errors are assessed against? in general, in the sample libraries, some resentment at errors assigned the institution was expressed and, in at least three of them, serious effort was made to review the record and determine if substandard cataloging had actually occurred. it was only when speaking to network quality control personnel, however, that the rage of the embattled cataloger against whom errors were assessed could be discerned. at all three networks, quality personnel expressed some feelings of stress resulting from having to deal with librarians whose records allegedly contained errors. some of the catalogers felt personally compelled to develop huge and thoroughly indexed documentation justifying their innocence. if, despite these protests, their records were revised at the network office, they took personal affront at what they considered to be stains on . their professional record. in one of the networks, the strain of dealing with this small, · but outraged and vocal, constituency took a noticeable toll upon the entire quality control staff. network administrators became so concerned that they ordered that group members use some company time to take classes in biofeedback and thus relieve their stress. unfortunately, this enlightened management strategy was not totally successful. several biofeedback students experienced additional stress worrying that their bosses would monitor their biofeedback performance and find them at fault for not having relaxed enough. thus visibility doth make victims of us all! at another network, the chief reviser separated catalogers into two groups,, those that want to dance and those that want to fence." the dancers are willing to accept revisions for the sake of the consistency of the network database. the fencers, usually the more renowned catalogers, are supremely confident of their own judgments and will contest every error call. the network reviser (obviously a natural-born fencer) enjoys the contest, admires the combatants, and often makes mental notes that they possess the right stuff needed to become members of network committees. all of the network quality-control personnel commented on what they consider to be a statistically insignificant but fascinating aberration-some catalogers, aware of the visibility and publicity that network participation creates, are deliberately using error reports to disparage the work of colleagues in other institutions. instances of this type occur most often when there are competing cataloging departments, especially in institutions that have had traditional football rivalries with each other. in this case, technology has made it possible for a new form of the super bowl to be played on video screens by competing catalog departments. but, in general, maintaining standards is not a game to catalogers. it is serious and important work. one of the most striking impressions that emerges from reviewing cataloging literature is the judgmental and moral world view of catalogers, especially in the area of standard setting and enforcement. moreover, during the course of my interviews phrases like "lapses from grace," "worthy peers," and "born-again catalogers," appeared to form natural parts of the cataloger's vocabulary-an in-group tone and use of language that an outsider would be more likely to associate with the ministry than with the technical experts catalogers pride themselves on being. because they are engaged in protecting the purity of cataloging standards, the emerging subgroups of master catalogers · and cataloging peer groups appear to born-again cataloging 363 have, quite unconsciously, cloaked themselves in the mantle of the righteous. like any group of the ''elect'' they are sometimes disliked and resented, but no serious collegial challenge to their right to discover and assign error has yet emerged. in fact, network designation as resource consultants, as approved revisers (e.g., project enhance), as "buddies" for new or wayward cataloging departments, provides new cataloging peer groups with nationwide influence, power, and prestige. this same combination of factors then makes it possible for those groups to pressure networks for the retention of standards and the very detailed records so dear to catalogers' hearts. this enhanced status is, of course, bestowed on a very small minority of catalogers through network participation. the vast majority of these librarians are threatened by loss of jobs and the many deprofessionalizing trends that standardized and routine network work processes create. despite this, many catalogers expressed more hope for the survival of their professional ideals as a result of the work of peer groups than through the continued activities of their individual departments. in two of the libraries, comment was made about networks providing a new opportunity and a new forum to discuss standards. moreover, as one san francisco state cataloger noted, "networks might be worrisome · because they assign errors, but at least they have some interest in discovering them. most libraries don't care anymore." in "the professionalization of everyone?" wilensky points out that the optimal knowledge base for professionals is "neither too vague nor too precise, too broad or too narrow. ''3 cataloging work may well fall into the too narrow and too precise category, which is susceptible to being broken into ever smaller components that can then be taught to workers with lesser skills. on the other hand, wilensky also argues that many of us might construct a homemade bookcase, few would forego a clergyman at the grave. the key difference is that the clergy's tasks and tools, unlike the carpenter's, belong 364 college & research libraries to the realm of the sacred-which reinforces a jurisdictional claim grounded in formal training and indoctrination. occupations which successfully identify themselves with the sacred may achieve as much of a mandate by monopoly as those that identify themselves with science.4 thus he charts many paths used by occupational groups in their ascent to the peak of · professionalism. at present, there is certainly no evidence that catalogers are consciously trying to replace a diminished knowledge base with an expanded claim to moral superiority. indeed, striving toward some abstract ideal has always characterized these professionals and turned them inward in a search for collegial approval. but with the rise of designated master workers and knowledgeable peer july 1986 groups, catalogers appear to be developing a breed of colleagues whose knowledge base is expanding to include an overview of network systems and whose standard-setting influence is acknowledged by network personnel as well as by other catalogers. these workers could possibly develop into new hybrid catalogers, possessing some measure of automation expertise, political clout, and devotion to traditional cataloging standards. if so, there is a chance that they are harbingers of the reprofessionalization of cataloging. thus, while the network has sowed the seeds for the deprofessionalization of cataloging, it has also reaped the crop of the new breed of born-again catalogers. references 1. i. zola and s. j. miller, ''the erosion of medicine from within,'' in the professions and their prospects (beverly hills, calif.: sage, 1972) p.153-72; rose laub coser, "insulation from observability and types of social conformity," american social review 26:28-39 (fall,1961). 2. ogle bay institute on quality control, proceedings (dublin, ohio: pittsburgh regional library center and oclc, 1983), p.4. 3. harold wilensky, "the professionalization of everyone?" american journal of sociology 70:148 (sept . 1964). 4. ibid. p.139 . college and research libraries 408 college & research libraries corporation, and unesco, to name but a few. she is also the author of five books and numerous articles in information science, library automation, and library science education. this present work reflects the author's diversity of interests. the volume contains on the one hand some highly technical papers, "books are for use: final report of the subject access project'' and ''american institute of physics/udc project audacious." on the other hand it also includes such philosophically inclined selections as ''putting knowledge to work: five lectures by pauline atherton,'' and "'more' is not necessarily 'better."' the reader should be aware that this collection does not constitute a compilation of all the papers written by pauline a. cochrane on online subject access. one wonders, however, why certain papers were included and others omitted. not only have the compilers been highly selective but they have also presented several papers in excerpted form, offering no reasons for the omissions of sections, figures, charts, and appendixes. it is regrettable that no explicit editorial policy explains these choices. the papers have been left in their original format, and references vary greatly in style and the amount of information offered. the index compiled by linda webster is very good, although the inclusion of the titles of the selections would have been useful. furthermore, a bibliography of the thirty papers with full bibliographic information would have enriched the publication. considering the importance of cochrane's writings, one hopes that any futu:re collection of her papers will be more complete and will include full bibliographical references. the introductions to each of the five sections show the author's current perspective, present the historical background, and summarize the aims of the selected publications. cochrane answers the questions posed at the beginning of the book by admonishing those responsible to listen to the users' comments in reassessing the first generation of op acs; to preserve the best of the traditional catalogs, such as subject classification; and to remove the july 1986 constramts of the new medium. in total this is a worthwhile publication, gathering the views of an eminent authority in her field. however, its lack of bibliography, its selectivity, and its lack of uniformity detracts from its overall value. a recent publication by pauline cochrane and karen markey in information technology and libraries (june 1985)"preparing for the use of classification in online cataloging systems" -summarizes and updates the views presented in part 4 of this collection. although in this collection she is evaluating the past twenty-five years of involvement in subject cataloging, in her recent articles, cochrane demonstrates that she can also be counted on to contribute to the 1980s phase of reassessment and redesign of a new generation of online catalogs.moshie dahms, university of guelph library, ontario. deiss, william a. museum archives: an introduction. chicago: society of american archivists, 1984. 37p. $4, members; $6, others. in addition to businesses and religious organizations, a third constituency that has received special attention in the literature on how to establish an archives is museums. this volume, latest in the series of manuals published by the society of american archivists, is part of their subseries devoted to archival programs in particular settings. one would think that a profession already devoted to the pursuit of preservation for public use would have no trouble with the concept. however, as deiss, deputy archivist at the smithsonian institution, points out, ''there are more than 6,000 museums in the united states, but only a small number have archives programs.'' the intended audience for museum archives: an introduction is ''museum professionals with little or no archival training.'' the author, in fact, addresses the concerns of two constituencies in this volume. he is addressing museum administrators who need a better understanding of the justification for archival programs and is considering the needs of practicing _curaacquisition perspectives 4. we have established a reputation for accuracy in billing and shipping to your specifications. invoices arranged alphabetically by author or title, or numerically by purchase order, and separate billing available upon request for grant funds, title ii, gifts, etc . book house error rate last year was less than one percent of the books we delivered. the best value is accurate fulfillment of your orders. call toll-free today 1-800-248-1146 in canada & michigan call collect (517) 849-2117 oclc vendor no. 17397 san 169-3859 the bbok h use jobbers serving ubaaaies with any book in paint since 1182 208 west chicago street jonesville, michigan 49250 410 college & research libraries tors who need an improved sens~ of why and in what way museum practices are different from archival practices. the product is a volume that treats the initiation of an archival program in a very general manner. it is a starting point for those interested in the subject, concluding with a useful bibliography where one might pursue the subject in more depth. museum archives: an introduction is therefore not recommended for anyone with a substantial amount of training or knowledge of the archival profession. the first half of the volume discusses the justification for an _archival program in a museum as well as critical issues related to how a program is started. examples of the uses of archival materials include administrative activities, publicity purposes, and exhibits. other preliminary information provided in the first section includes explaining archival terminology, conducting a records survey, and defining archival priorities. examples are prolific in the volume and are · given in the context of museum experiences . photographic and other illustrative materials derive from museum environments as well. the second half of the volume is a review of basic archival procedures, beginning with records surveys, continuing through appraisal, accessioning, and arrangement and concluding with outreach and public programs. the manual ends with a series of appendixes that are, in fact, types of archival forms appropriate to museum use. museum archives: an introduction is unquestionably very basic but will serve well initially to acquaint museum practioners with the basic procedures and issues of the archival profession. given the level of the volume, it might only have been strengthened by expanding the appendixes to include actual examples of museum archives forms rather than the prototypes reproduced here. this would not only add further points of reference but would also demonstrate that some museums have taken to heart deiss' claim that "the resources of museums vary greatly, · but all of them need to make some provision for the preservation of archival records.''elizabeth c. stewart, folsom library, july 1986 rensselaer polytechnic institute, troy, new york. ~ foundations of cataloging: a sourcebook. ed. by michael carpenter and elaine svenonius. littleton, colo. : libraries unlimited, 1985. 276p. $27.50 lc 85-10333. isbn 0-87287-511-3. this chronologically arranged collection of philosophical essays written from 1841 through 1983 recounts the history of modern cataloging. the selections range from panizzi's 1841''rules for the compilation of the catalog" to the 1983 essay by patrick wilson, ''catalog as access mechanism: background and concepts ." the editors have also included charles j ewitt' s 1853 work, ''smithsonian catalog system, 11 which encouraged a standard and uniform style of cataloging, and c. cutter's classic 1904 "rules for a dictionary catalog: selections, ii along with several other equally meritorious selections. with balanced coverage and method, the editors have succeeded in illustrating the past and recent changes in cataloging, catalogs, and theory with these historical essays that conclude with m. gorman's 1981 "most concise aacr2" and his 1979 "cataloging and the new technologies" as well as the p. wilson article ''the catalog as access mechanism: background and concepts.'' these essays present major issues: each is a highlight in the history of cataloging, preceded by an introduction from the editors, placing the individual work in its proper historical context. readers will find this approach useful, because, by providing us with these influential essays on ·cataloging, the editors give a perspective on the past and a feel for the direction in which cataloging is heading. the book is timely, extremely readable and authoritative, and serves as a lively backup for current debate in the cataloging field. its audience, however, may be limited to those in the cataloging field. as is said in the preface, "this anthology is addressed to teachers and students of cataloging.'' and indeed it is. those in public service might find this book of marginal interest, as would those involved fu online system design, since the essays deal more "easily the best index in the field ... an invaluable guide." coverage increased by25% art index has long been regarded as a classic reference source a reliable, easy-to-use, affordable guide to the information contained in leading publications in virtually all areas of artistic endeavor. now, following an intensive content study, this single-alphabet subject-author index expands its coverage to include 52 additional publications, for a total of 230 periodicals, yearbooks, and museum bulletins, effective with the january 1986 issue of art index . used by professionals, students, and art enthusiasts art index has won an audience in all areas of interest and specialization , among them : • archaeologists • architects • art historians • ·city planners • designers • film students • gallery owners • librarians • museum directors • painters • performance artists • photographers • private collectors • sculptors . international coverage offering an international perspective on developments in the art world , art index covers the major english-language publications , as well as periodicals published in french, italian , german , spanish , dutch , and swedish . current and easy-to-use art index provides thorough , timely indexing of a great variety of information , including feature articles and coverage of book reviews , exhibitions, and performances, and offers : • specific subject headings that reflect cu rrent terminology. • extensive cross-references and subheadings . • entries for reproductions of works of art which appear anywhere in the magazines indexed . now available online art index is now available for online searching through wilsonline® the h.w. wilson company's online retrieval service . offering indexing american reference books annual coverage beginning october 1984, the art index database includes the same data as the printed version , as well as added features which enhance retrieval . for a brochure desc ribing wilsonlin e, along with pricing information and an order fo rm, call the toll-free number below. retrospective volumes now frat-rated permanent retrospective cumulations of art index from 1929-1980 are now available at special flat ratesmaking this the perfect time to fill gaps in your collection. to order a subscription to the printed version of art index brings your library quarterly paperbound issues published in january, april , july, and october, and a permanent annual clothbound cumulation . this index is sold on the service basis. the price you pay is based on the degree of use, or service , which art index provides for your library. to request a periodicals checklist which will enable us to determine your no-obligation price quotation for a subscription to art index or for any of the bound volumes sold on the service basis, please call toll-free: 1·800·367-6770 in new york state, call 1-800-462-6060; in canada, call collect 1-212-588-8400. wilsonline is a service mark of the h .w. wilson company d the h. w. wilson c~;;;··'~'" 950 university avenue , bronx, new york 10452 212-588-8400 p y 412 college & research libraries with philosophical issues than the actual mechanics of automation. recent writings {post-1983) have not been included because of their preponderance on engineering and system interface design, with less attention given to the underlying philosophical issues of cataloging. by placing the selections in such an orderly and logical fashion, these essays show the changes the profession is experiencing, not only in its philosophy but also in the technology shaping the development of cataloging. the issues raised by this collection result from a multitude of well-known factors, among them the problems of defining . user and cataloger needs, economics, and more recently, the advent of automation. a variety of age-old issues and questions are presented in the book, including the problem of defining the catalog's purpose and the method of arranging materials: how does the cataloger meet the objectives of the catalog? what has the cataloger chosen through time to include in the catalog entry? what are the important points to consider? what points of consideration have been used in the past? how can cataloging be made economically feasible? the question of cost-effectiveness is july 1986 appropriately addressed time and again. several selections deal with the question of authorship: who is an author? should the name of the author be the primary way of identifying library mate_rials? in considering this point several essays investigate the need for main entries, both corporate and noncorporate. is an author main entry necessary with the automated catalog? will keyword searching eliminate or drastically alter current cataloging practices? issues like these are addressed in great enough detail to give the reader a grasp of the problems at hand and the difficulties catalogers will face in the future. since the definition of a catalog and the needs of its users have changed dramatically over the last century and a half, the methods employed by catalogers also need to change to keep up with the user's requirements and the technology of the times. foundations of cataloging provides a refreshing and thought-provoking look at the past, present, and future of cataloging. in view of this it becomes apparent that we can't know where we're going until we find out where we've been. -k. juricek, university of wyoming library, laramie, wyoming. abstracts the following abstracts are based on those prepared by the eric clearinghouse of information resources, school of education, syracuse university. documents with an ed number here may be ordered in either microfiche (mf) or paper copy (pc) from the eric document reproduction service, p.o. box 190, arlington, va22210. orders should include ed number, specify format desired, and include payment for docu~ ment and postage. further information on ordering documents and on current postage charges may be obtained from a recent issue of resources in educa· tion. the role of fees in supporting library and information services in public and academic libraries. national commission on libraries and information science. washington, d.c., 198s. ssp. ed 2s8 s84. mf-$0.7s; pc-$s.40. an overview study was sponsored by the council on library resources to gather existing information on the extent to which fees are charged for library and information services, the percentage of libraries charging for any services, and the services for which fees are charged. the review panel that conducted the study found that there is little data available on who is charging fees or the services for which they are charged and even less about the effect of fees on access to information. this report of panel's findings is divided into six sections: (1) the context of the fee issue in public and academic libraries; (2) the types of existing fee structures and mechanisms and rationale for setting price; (3) the arguments for and against fees; (4) the types of services for which libraries are charging fees; (s) selected summaries of recollege and research libraries those difficulties will be with us even after the war is over. the union list will serve as an invaluable aid in locating the issues of those put> lications that have been filmed by various libraries and agencies. it is highly desirable that all the cooperative project's of filming the elusive material abroad have their results recorded in the union list. in the introduction we find the statement: "it is expected to continue the publication of this catalogue, with the prospect of a cumulative edition when personnel and resources permit a thorough bibliographical revision and a more complete indexing." here is a hope that we all wish to see fulfilled.g. f. sheph e rd~ jr.~ head~ circulation d epartment~ and in charge of microphotography~ university of north carolina library. stepping--stones to cooperative cataloging coop erative cataloging manual for th e use of contributing .libraries. library of congress. descriptive cataloging division. washington, u.s. government printing office, 1944· 104p. the library of congress has issued a small coop erative cataloging manual which should help to facilitate present-day cooperative cataloging. at the same time it may serve as a point of departure for a discussion of cooperative cataloging of the future. the manual~ prepared principally by helen b. stevens, describes the procedures of the cooperative cataloging centered in the library of congress. it tells how libraries should proceed in supplying copy for printing but does not attempt to explain the intricate art of cataloging. in a brief introduction the h'istory of cooperative cataloging in the united states is sketched , from charles coffin jewett's plan for st er eotyping catalogues by separate titles in 1851 to the activities of the a.l.a. cooperative cataloging committee, begun in 1932 and merged, in january 1941, with the work of the library of congress. the cooperative cataloging associated with the library of congress has been concerned chiefly with the analyzing of serial publications and. the cataloging of foreign books. lately the work has been expanded to include the cataloging of american doctoral dissertations, the output of a number of university presses, and the official publications of some of the states of the union, while the cooperative cataloging of the acquisitions by · several federal libraries in washington, begun in 1902, has been .continued. copy for printing is thus of various types and originates from many sources. the manual gives useful information as to the manner in which copy should be prepared by the cooperating libraries. a special section devoted to the preparation of authority cards is in severfll respects more instructive and detailed than the corresponding section in the 1941 preliminary a .l.a. catalog rules. the work at the library of congress is likewise described, details being given as to · the re ceipt and revision of copy, leading finally to the printing and distribution of catalog cards. an appendix contains a list of the 365 libraries that have participated in cooperative cataloging, a list of 615 reference books useful in establishing and verifying author headings, and a list of easily understandable abbreviations that may be used aq.vantageously by both the library of congress and the collaborating libraries. the latter feature constitutes in large measure the realization of a project that has for years been on the agenda of the a.l.a. division of cataloging and classification. the manual emphasizes that with respect to entries the a .l.a. catalog rules are generally to be followed, while "beyond the heading, uniformity of practice is essential only so far as filing and intelligibility of the cards are concerned" (page i 6). nevertheless, we learn on page 20 that the title of the book, including name of author, edition statement, and imprint, "should be accurately transcribed . . . according to l.c. cataloging rules." collation, series note, and full name note are likewise to follow l.c. rules, while subject headings should be assigned according to the l.c. list of subject headings. standardiz~­ tion, thus, seems to be more thorough than at first suggested. this contradiction touches upon a point of considerable importance for the future of american cataloging. when the revolt against overelaborate cataloging took place at the time of the publication of the new a .l.a. catalog code~ a distinct tendency 188 college and research libraries to disregard standardization of descriptive cataloging was felt, many a library proceeding according to its own idea of rugged individualism. it is obvious, however, that, although the specific phrasing of a note may be immaterial, some uniformity of book description is necessary if cards prepared by one library are to be used profitably by others. if, for example, some libraries use a full collation statement while others list only the last page of the main group of pages, how is one to interpret the collation symbols appearing on any given card? the library of congress realizes this; although it pays lip service to the new individualism, it is hardboiled when it gets down to cases. for the cooperating libraries which have to follow the l.c. rules the situation is not so simple. the rules have been in a constant flux, and their latest version is not easily verifiable, if at all. caught in the maelstrom of conflicting opinions, the a.l.a., having for three years delayed action, has not yet decided whether it wants to sponsor a descriptive catal0ging code, pending the next move of the library of congress. plainly, what is needed is standardization of descriptive cataloging by as many libraries as possible, as soon as possible and preferably in as simple a form as possible. this becomes more obvious the more we consider the results of coop~rative cataloging to date. cooperative cataloging has been a noble experiment but, it must be admitted, not an entirely successful one. two facts stand out clearly. the output has been far too small and the cost far too high. during the ten-year period from july 1933 through june i943 only about sixty thousand titles were cooperatively cataloged, or about six thousand titles a year, figures that in the words of the librarian of congress "are far from impressive." 1 cost as to the cost, a study made by john r. russell in •19372 reveals that the administrative and editorial expenditures involved in preparing for the press the 19,473 titles cata1 an.nu.al report of the librarian of congress for the ftscal year ended june 30, 1943. washington u.s. government printing office, 1944, p. 46-47. ' 2 russell, john r. report on the work of the cooperative cataloging committee." catalogers' and classifiers' yearbook, no. 7 (r g38), p. 69-74. ll;f a rchj 1945 loged under the project of the a.l.a.. cooperative cataloging committee from 1933 through 1936 amounted to $30,621, or $1.57 per title. in other words, it cost more ·to initiate and prepare for printing copy for a single title than it ordinarily does to catalog a title. in spite of all good efforts, the cooperative cataloging project failed to become self-supporting. clearly, anything that · can be done to decrease the cost of editing the copy should be done. the m apualj we hope, will help somewhat in eliminating costly correspondence concerning points that should be clear to every cooperating library, but still more would be accomplished if we could remedy the weakness the manual reveals: the absence of clearcut cataloging rules. although lack of uniform rules for descriptive cataloging militates against communal cataloging, it does not necessarily follow that, having agreed on certain fundamental rules for descriptive cataloging, we could not allow a fair .degree of freedom in applying these rules. the resulting minor variations would probably not cause more trouble than the variations we have been accustomed to accept on l.c. cards seen through the press by different revisers. if this is correct, we might in the future conceivably dispense with central revision of cooperative cataloging copy, except possibly for the headings. since, according to mr. russell's study, the revision of the 19,473 titles produced during the period 1933-36 cost $r9,19i, or almost $1 a title, very considerable savings should be possible if revision could be largely eliminated. going a step further, we might ask: if libraries can accept certain rules for copy contributed ·to the cooperative cataloging project, why can they not use th~se same rules for materials cataloged for their own libraries? if they would do that, it should be possible to have locally produced catalog cards universally used in other libraries provided they were made available through an exchange pool. weaknesses the library of congress has for a number of years operated a service through which cards contained in the union catalog have . been made available to other libraries by 189 photostating. this service, temporarily suspended because of the war, · had, however, certain qbvious weaknesses: i. a separate charge was made for all searching for copy in the union catalog irrespective of whether o.r not the searching resulted in the location of a usable card. 2. many of the entries in the union catalog were unsatisfactory since it was found that in i938 "not over 40 per cent of the entries • . • [were] of any appreciable use to catalogers."3 3· the cost of a complete set of cards . consisting of positive photostats was expensive (about thirty-five cents for five cards, including searching charge) . . it would seem that these weaknesses could in ,a large measure be overcome: i. if a second copy of each card submitted by a contributing library were interfiled in the card division's master file with the library of congress's own card, a separate search--costly and frequently without result-would be eliminated, since the card would be located in the process of the ordinary checking of l.c. card orders. 2. if adherence to ·uniform rules were made a prerequisite for including a local card in the master . file, the cards supplied would be certain to . be of a generally acceptable standard. 3· if the most economical process of multiple card reproduction were used rather than photostating, which is expensive except when a single negative is all that is needed, it should be possible t(') cut the cost considerably. until inexpensive facsimile reproduction on satisfactory card stock is available, mimeographing may be the answer. the university of texas has estimated that mimeographing costs amount · to about seven and one-half cents for five cards,' while the university of california has found the expense to be in the neighborhood of ten ceqts. allowing for somewhat higher rates at the library of congress and a small f fee covering administrative expenses and filing, it would seem that the present cost of supplying a set of five cards could be cut in half. if a system of this nature, modified to meet 3 library of congress. cooperative work of card division, union catalog, cooperative cataloging and classification service and a.l.a. cooperative cataloging committee. thir d circular. june i938. washington, i938, p. 25.-this publication, although a forerunner of the cooperative cataloging manual, is not mentioned in the manual. 4 coney, donald [and others]. report of a survey af the indiana university library. chicago, a.l.a., i940, p. 96. the specific requirements of the library of congress and the collaborating libraries, were adopted, the output of cards would increase and the cost decrease-the two ·objectives before us. , it would seem, then, that we would be well on the way to abolishing the present indefensible duplication of cataloging. cards supplied by l.c. briefly, the library of congress would supply three types of cards: its own cards; cooperatively prepared printed cards of wide interest, for which stocks would be kept in the library of congress ; and mimeographed or otherwise duplicated cards, produced from unrevised exchange cards of more limited interest submitted to the library of congress by a group of libraries agreeing to follow certain specifications. in the case of exchange cards emanating from libraries willing to print and keep in stock a sizable supply of cards, orders for such cards might, after having been checke'd at the library of congress, be forwarded to the card-producing library to be filled. this system, obviously, wemld fit in well with the recording aspect of the metcalf-boyd-macleish· plan of division of fields of acquisition but could be adopted should this plan fail to materialize . . it is quite likely, however, that eventually . we shall have to do more drastic things than to expand the present cooperative cataloging program and to arrange for the exchange of locally produced cards. there is no reason we should not, simultaneously with meeting the immediate demands, work seriously towards doing on a national basis what mr. rider has suggested we do on a regional one, · publish "a continuously cumulative book catalog" that would serve at the same time as a national union catalog and, through location symbols, as the main catalog of individua,l libraries.6 the first step in this direction would be the publishing of the national union catalog in convenient book form, with a typography easier on the eye than that of the catalog of books represented by library of congres·s printed cards. it would be a fitting memorial to mr. jewett if, in 1951, we could 1 rider, fremont. "real cooperative catalogingthe concrete app.roach." library quarterly i 3 :99-i i 2, ,april i943· we need not think that the potentialities of microprint, so stimulatingly discussed in mr. rider's latest book, should make us abolish the idea of the union book catalog. · 190 college and research libraries initiate a work that wpuld constitute the fulfilment of a vision doomed to failure a hundred years earlier but realizable now, thanks to a century's progress in printing processes.-] ens nyholm, librarian, northwestern university. dissertations ·of 1943"44 doctoral dissertations accepted by a m'erican universities,1943-44· (number ii) compiled for the association of research libraries. edited by edward a. henry. new york, h. w. wilson co., 1944. 88p. this new list, the eleventh in the series and the fifth under the present editorship, again shows thoughtful editing and increasing usefulness. in general arrangement it is similar to previous lists. the seven main subject divisions have been retained but with ' literature and art now more appropriately· headed humanities. a few changes have been made in the subdivisions. metallurgy _has been moved from earth sciences to physical sciences, and geophysics has been added to earth sciences. there is the usual author index. the impact of the war upon graduate studies is reflected in the carefully prepared preliminary tables and introductory material. the number of dissertations presented has again declined. this edition lists 2117, the lowest number since 1930 and one almost 40 per cent lower than the high figure . of 1941. a brief table showing the distribution by large subject divisions indicates the increase in studies in the physical sciences. sixty-five titles, largely in chemistry, are withheld because they are "secret war research." the most useful of the introductory tables will doubtless be the one showing the practice of publication and loan of dissertations, and the list of periodic abstracting p~blications. although the practices of publishing and lending are too varied to be tabulated in exact detail, these two should prove especially ·valuable to librarians on the borrowing end of interlibrary loan. study of the table showing the distribution of doctorates for the years 1934-35 through 1943-44 by subject and years and of the one showing their distribution for 1943-44 by university and by subject, will reward anyone interested in the general trends of graduate work on this level or in the relative strength of the v~rious graduate schools represented. the necessity for timeliness precludes the possibility of indicating in the annual issues notes regarding the actual publication of individual dissertations. it is to be hoped that at some not too distant date, however, it will be possible to have a cumulative index which will not only pick up the necessarily omitted titles b~t also show when dissertations have been published.-] ean m acalister, reference assistant, c9lumbia university libraries, new york city. study of the army medical library the national medical library: report of a survey of the army m edi~al library financed by the rockefeller foundation and made under the auspices of the american library association. keyes d. metcalf, ] anet doe, thomas .p. fleming, mary louise marshall, l. quincy mumford, a~d andrew d. osborn. xvi, 94p· chicago, american· ·librar.y a~sociation, 1944. though we in this country have done some notable pioneering in the development of our municipal libraries, we have been slow in applying the same concepts of administration and service to our national libraries. indeed, march, 1945 until quite recent times ·we have scarcely thought of ourselves as having any national libraries. outstanding as it has been for many years the library of congress, partly by virtue of its name, has taken a long while to establish itself in our consciousness as the national library of the united states. for a similar reason, the army medical library (until about 1936 called by the still more restrictive name, library of the surgeongeneral's office), the largest medical library in the country, was the army medical library to us and not the national medical library. the unfortunate result of all this 191 college and research libraries l.etters the 0 dismal science" revisited to the editor: the january 1989 issue of library quarterly contains an article which i commend to you, george harris' essay, "historic cataloging costs, issues, and trends." in his piece harris, senior cataloger, humanities cataloging team, university of missouri, columbia, reports the findings that grew out of his efforts to gather data about changes in the length and complexity of lc cataloging copy between 1956 and 1981, changes in academic library cataloging costs over the past century or so, changes in average academic library salaries since the late nineteenth century, and the average cost among reporting academic libraries to catalog a monograph at the time he gathered his data. harris' findings are interesting, and i wish to call your attention in particular to his discoveries concerning changes in lc cataloging copy between 1956 and 1981: the length of lc cataloging copy, in number of characters, increased 24.5 percent; the number of entries grew 130.2 percent; the number of fields essentially doubled; and the number of subject heading subdivisions increased 156.2 percent. harris concludes that ''cataloging copy has definitely become both much longer and much more complex,'' which he attributes to the growth in collections, with ''many more books in libraries to differentiate,'' and to the increased voluminousness and complexity of library material. harris' findings concerning the significant increase in cataloging copy should remind the librarian-especially the librarian making decisions about the allocation of scarce resources-of the need to bear in mind one of the most pervasive and powerful laws of what carlyle referred to as the "dismal science" (i.e., economics): the law of diminishing marginal returns. put simply, the law holds that, in the case of whatever process we are interested in, as the amount of some input is increased, beyond some point the amount or size of the resulting additions to the output will decrease. concerning application of the law of diminishing marginal returns to the creation of cataloging copy, the relevant input is cataloging staff time; the output we should be concerned with is not mere cataloging copy, which is after all a means and not an end in itself, but rather with that end, that is, with useful and sought access points. the law lends itself to graphic depiction in the well-known (to economists) toppling-over s-curve (figure 1). let us see what the graph would like if the law of diminishing marginal returns does in fact apply to the creation of cataloging copy. the input we are considering, cataloging staff time, is measured along the horizontal axis, and the output, useful and sought access points, along the vertical. the graph shows what happens to increases in useful and sought access points as we increase the amount of staff time devoted to cataloging. in the graph, the distance from a to b is the same as that from c to d; but notice that the distance from w to x, the increase in useful and sought access points which results when cataloging staff time is increased from a to b, is significantly greater than the distance from y to z, the increase in useful and sought access points due to the addition of staff time from c to d. in other words, the increase in cataloging staff time represented by c to d 485 486 college & research libraries useful and sought access points figurel july 1989 cataloging staff costs d c b a x ":! i useful and sought access points figure2 resulted in a significantly smaller increase in useful and sought access points than did the increase in staff time from a to b. it is possible to express the relationship between increases in cataloging staff time and the resulting increases in useful and sought access points in an alternative manner, which may make the relationship even more graphic. in the second graph (figure 2), the vertical axis depicts the costs of cataloging staff (i.e., salary and benefits, which are of course a function of cataloging staff time), while the horizontal axis depicts useful and sought access points. the distances from w to x and from y to z are the same, indicating equal increases in useful and sought access points. however, the costs to achieve the increases are substantially different. note that the cost c to d, to achieve increases y to z, is significantly greater than cost a to b, required to increase useful and sought access points from w to x. perhaps a good way to express the implications of the law of diminishing marginal returns is thts: beyond a certain point, further increases in output become very expensive. the trick, then, is to strike a sensible balance between increases in input and the ever more costly increases in output. we are, of course and unfortunately, unable to refine this analysis as it applies to cataloging copy and useful and sought access points to anything like the degree possible in many processes. about the best we can hope for in the case of the creation of cataloging copy is that the librarian responsible for making decisions pertaining to this process be acutely aware of the law of diminishing marginal returns. dennis p. carrigan assistant dean, college of library and information science university of kentucky n e w f r 0 m cataloging resources from ala books handbook for aacr2, 1988 revision: explaining and illustrating the anglo-american cataloging rules margaret maxwell $27 .50pbk. approx. 480p. 0-8389-0505-6 july 1989 catalogers in all types of libraries will welcome the expanded and revised edition of margaret maxwell's classic companion to aacr2. the journal of librarianship described the first edition as " ... an extensive commentary further illustrated by some 400 worked examples ... provides a wealth of supplementary material and interpretation which makes the volume a mine of useful information for the cataloguer." serials cataloging handbook: an illustrative guide to the use of aacr2 and lc rule interpretations carol leong $50.00cl. 320p. 0-8389-0501-3 may 1989 addresses nearly 200 problems in one of the most difficult areas of cataloging. the user-oriented "guide by example" format draws together aacr2 rules and lc rule interpretations with illustrations of the bibliographic record, oclc record, and title page or title page substitutes, allowing the user to see at a glance both the nature of and the solution to a partigular problem. aacr2 1988 revision: an introduction eric hunter $21.00cl. 160p. ala order code 8457-2 june 1989 the new and expanded edition of hunter's popular programmed learning manual incorporates the rule changes published in the aacr2 1988 revision. college & research libraries called the 1979 edition " ... a model of clarity that makes the revised rules much less intimidating." published by the library association, london, under the clive bingley imprint; distributed exclusively in the u.s. by ala publishing. ala books american library association 50 east huron street, chicago, il 60611 you can have it all. others can place your order, but only faxon provides a complete line of serials acquisition and management services to guide you through every step of your purchasing cycle. our accurate pricing information facilitates budgeting and planning, while other faxon services simplify ordering and renewal, speed check-in and claiming, and provide fast, easy access to all the information you need. _ start putting faxon's comprehensive set of services to work for you. call today at 1-800-225-6055. (in ma, call 617-329-3350 collect.) fa:on college and research libraries ,...----------------------------------~ --------. 444 college & research libraries there is very little experimentation and constructive adaptation of experience from other organizations. thus interest in ii scientific management" or ii quality circles" trickles down to library organizations some time after the principles have experienced a revision or redefinition. martin posits that the answer to this deficiency is more systematic preparation of library managers-including required study of classical and contemporary management thinking-and therefore has devoted roughly a third of this volume to building a conceptual background. a central conclusion of martin's examination is that libraries should be viewed as complex social institutions interacting with a dynamic environment rather than as rigidly defined bureaucratic structures. successful functioning of library organizations requires leadership and group processes that effectively incorporate complex roles and relationships, rather than ·a neatly defined job-task hierarchy. there are few management principles that can be applied blindly by libraries, but there are lessons that may be exploited. the remainder of the work systematically examines specific library organization issues within this all-important philosophic framework. martin begins with an overview of library service patterns employed by school, special, college, research, and public libraries, including a description of the external relationships so critical to the success of any organization. at this point, a major shortcoming of the author's survey approach becomes apparent. in his · references to academic libraries, martin's lack of understanding of their nature and function constitutes a rather significant shortcoming in his generally astute perceptions. for example, his view of the college library as a supply agency simply acquiring books needed to support the courses offered is a glaring oversimplification. the author states the following: "college libraries can in part be thought of as extensions of high school libraries"; ''the academic librarian is more accurately referred to as 'the keeper of the book'"; large research libraries ''strive for selfsufficiency''; and ''in academic library adseptember 1985 ministration, this is a time not for the builder but for the conservator.'' these inaccuracies compromise an otherwise in.. sightful overview. martin proceeds to review the coverage of management topics in the professional literature, the relationships of libraries with external agencies and the public, and the internal organization of different types of libraries . these summaries are thoughtful and well done although inaccuracies regarding academic libraries continue to creep into the review (e.g., the author states that the library directors at the universities of utah and texas are vicepresidents). finally, martin provides chapters dealing with the several distinct levels of staff positions that exist in libraries, patterns of supervision and management, and administrative functions of direction and coordination. throughout this coverage, he contributes a seasoned and broad perspective on the comparative practices of these various types of libraries. the excellence of this coverage is only limited by an incomplete understanding of the current practices of academic libraries. while this volume is therefore not the definitive text on library management, it is a useful sur, vey of management practices within the profession.-duane e. webster, office of management studies, washington, d. c. greenberg, alan m., and carole r. mciver. lcandaacr2: an album of cataloging examples arranged by rule number. metuchen, n.j.: scarecrow, 1984. 179p. $19 .50 lc 83-27144. isbn 0-81081683-0. cataloging government documents: a manual of interpretation for aacr2. documents cataloging manual corn. rnittee, government documents round table, ala. ed. by bernadine abbott hoduski. chicago: american library assn., 1984. 259p. $49. lc 84-6499. isbn 0-8389-3304-1. the authors of the second edition of the anglo-american cataloguing rules sought to avoid some of the shortcomings of the previous code by providing the user with copious examples of rule interpretations. don't go looking for the articles your patrons needgenuine article· delivers them to you! the genuine article has the articles your patrons need: articles from any of over 7,000 journals in virtually all scientific and scholarly disciplines. and we'll make sure your articles get to you quicklythey'll be in the mail to you within 48 hours after we receive your order. if that isn't fast enough, you can use our hotline phone or facsimile delivery. the cost is surprisingly low. for more information on how the genuine article can save you time, save you trouble, and get you copies of the articles your patrons need, phone toll-free 800-523-1850, extension 1352, or write to the address below. do it today. ~@~~nstitute for scientific information® customer services department 3501 market street, philadelphia, pennsylvania 19104 u.s.a. tel: (215) 386-0100, cable: scinfo, telex: 84-5305 european office: 132 high street, uxbridge, middlesex u88 1 dp, united kingdom tel: 44-895-70016, telex: 933693 ukisi ©1985151 i 0 i ·3859 446 college & research libraries despite the great improvements in this area the new code has given rise to anumber of interpretive companion volumes. two very different examples are lc and aacr2 and cataloging government documents. aacr2 provides a theoretical framework for the cataloging of various types of materials and is considered to be espe. ,cially strong in its descriptive section. nevertheless, a cataloger on many occasions will come across particular questions which are not dealt with in the examples given in the code, and a question of rule · application arises. the practice of the library of congress is generally regarded as authoritative, but it is not always an easy matter to locate the lc rule interpretation that will apply to the situation at hand. in some cases there is no specific interpretation, and the cataloger turns to analogy for the solution. lc and aacr2 is quite descriptively subtitled an album of cataloging examples. it consists almost exclusively of reproductions of lc catalog cards arranged by aacr2 chapter and rule number, with the specific rule in question highlighted on the cards. a brief preface and two indexes make up the remainder of the work. the examples are heavily weighted toward monographs and serials. those working with other types of materials will not find it of much help, though it is often in the nonbook areas, where little marc cataloging is available, that some of the greatest difficulties are encountered. the major drawback of lc and aacr2 is that it is destined to be incomplete, as the nature of cataloging makes it impossible to gather an example for every contingency. the compilers caution that some examples may already be outdated, and because of photoreduction the few blank spaces provided for expansion are too small for a 3by-5-inch proof slip. some users will question the wisdom of including a twenty-four-page author/title index to the cards reproduced and may wish the pages had been used instead for explanatory text or for more examples. few catalogers will argue with the utility.of lc example, howseptember 1985 ever, and the format could hardly be simpler to use. with these limitations in mind a cataloger may wish to add a copy of this work to the department's stock of ready reference works. while it will not answer some complex questions, nor provide a theoretical basis for certain decisions, lc and aacr2 is a reliable source of example for a variety of problems. its major advantage is in presenting in one place a large number of potential solutions to frequent cataloging dilemmas. cataloging government documents: a manual of interpretation for aacr2, produced by the godort documents cataloging manual committee, is a very different approach to cataloging. it is another of the rapidly growing number of special cat· aloging aids for interpretation and application of aacr2 to various classes of materials ranging from maps to microcomputer software. the general introduction states that the purpose of this manual is to ''clarify'' unclear aacr2 rules regarding documents cataloging, to "address" special problem areas, and to "interpret these features in a manner consistent with the spirit of aacr2." it is further stated that "no new rules or additions to aacr2 are proposed/' and that the manual is designed for use in conjunction with the cataloging code. the latter point is very important, for the thorough treatment of the chapters may tempt some users to neglect double checking both the code and lc rule interpretations. the manual concentrates on items most likely to be cataloged by those working with government documents: books, serials, and cartographic materials, plus brief chapters on microforms and machinereadable data files. one somewhat surprising omission is the lack of coverage of the laws and treaties sections of chapter 25 on uniform titles, though both are mentioned in chapter 21. like aacr2 itself, this guide is evenly divided between description and access. an index is provided. a notable feature of this work is its prescriptive tone. whereas cataloging guides such as lc and aj\cr2 do more than supacquisition perspectives 2. book house guarantees to order each book you request, with regular claiming to publishers. from major publishers on open account to the most obscure press requiring prepayment and offering no discount, our persistence and experience enables us to deliver every available title. there is no substitute for complete delivery. call toll-free today 1-800-248-1146 in canada & michigan call collect (517) 849-2117 oclc vendor no. 17397 san 169-3859 the bbok h ijse jobbers serving ubraries with any book in print since 1112 208 west chicago street jonesville, michigan 49250 448 college & research libraries ply lc example, cataloging government documents is an attempt to fill a void in cataloging practice . the authors often advise catalogers of what they should do in a given situation. while this tone is very appealing to a newcomer or student, it also becomes a weakness of this work, for one can never be certain of the source of this prescriptive tone. the preface states that the godort documents cataloging manual committee ''worked closely with the library of congress, the superintendent of documents, and the federal library committee to develop rule interpretations that would provide the best treatment of documents." a hasty reading of this, coupled with the many references to lc and gpo in the text, might lead the unwary to accept this work as quasi-official policy of the library of congress . instead, the book must be read as an informed commentary on aacr2 and lc/gpo policy as interpreted and augmented by the committee. the layout of cataloging government documents is attractive; it is presented as an annotated version of those sections of aacr2 applicable to documents. however, a readet will find difficulty in distinguishing between material that is quoted and that which has been paraphrased or edited. for instance, the definition of the chief source of information for a cartographic item given under 3.0b2a appears to be taken verbatim from aacr2, but actually is an expanded version of the definition appearing in the code. (the reader would be alert for this possibility only if the specific chapter introduction had been read.) likewise a reader must be aware that indented material introduced by the phrase "lc rule interpretation says" is not always an exact quote. in the latter case lack of csb citation numbers often makes it cumbersome to locate the issue being quoted for comparison. ' the rule interpretation cited for 21.1bl is an illustration. in the first paragraph on . p.124 following" 'colloquium,' etc. , " the interpolation "are some examples; the particular word · is not important'' has been added to the csb statement. the named/unnamed conference examples september 1985 ·given at the end are from csb18, while part of the interpretation is from csb22, minus its last four paragraphs. while a cataloger using this or a similar manual will always need to consult csb to see if there is a later rule interpretation, here the lack of specific citations makes use of the · section more difficult than it should be. the full range of problems presented by this style is illustrated in section 24.4cl. in this four-page section, which appears to the casual reader as an exact reproduction of lc rule interpretation, closer examination reveals that two csb paragraphs have been omitted and that, while most of the interpretation is taken from csb18, some wording is retained from csb15. furthermore, there are eight instances of minor insertions or rewordings of lc text, several typos, and words that are left out. the example given for qualifying "center for materials science" is an incorrect alteration of the proper aacr2 form given in csb18. there are other cases where the authors appear to contradict lc or aacr2 policy, as in the contradictory statement of responsibility examples given under l.lf and 1.1f7. the former includes the authors' position titles and separates corporate affiliation with a comma, while the latter lc example omits titles and separates with parentheses. on p.37 there is a directive that statements of responsibility· appearing on bibliographic data sheets "are to be regarded as prominent in all cases." this is contrary to the policy · stated in csb16 that "no special exception for these data sheets" be made. such problems detract from the potential usefulness of this work. a rule-by-rule guide for the application of aacr2 to government materials could be a greafhelp both to catalogers who deal extensively with documents and those who catalog them only occasionally. the last paragraph of the general introduction, with its note that "complex materials call for complex cataloging," is an admirable summation of the difficulties encountered in this area. the chapter introductions all contain valuable overviews on their topics and despite the problems touched on above, there is a great deal to be learned about documents cataloging in this book. the user will also find information on diverse topics not readily available in one source, such as a definition of'' star prints,'' information about sudoc and ntis numbers, and how to compute scale on maps. cataloging government documents must be approached with caution as a cataloging aid. the user should be aware that lc rule interpretations are sometimes edited, and that the examples given are often not from aacr2 or csb. closer proofreading of examples and text would be desirable, as typographical errors always loom large in a cataloging work such as this. no errata sheet is currently available. documents departments that do full aacr2 cataloging will certainly want to take advantage of the godort committee's experience and efforts but, given the shortcomings mentioned above and a price of $50, general academic cataloging departments are unlikely to make this book a priority for their collections.-gunnar knutson, university of illinois at chicago. advances in librarianship. v. 13. ed. by wesley simonton. new york: academic, 1984. 284p. $32. lc 79-88675. isbn 0-12-024613-9. in a review written some years ago of volume 8 of the same title, i made the claim that advances in librarianship is one of the few places in library literature where one finds literate, comprehensive, and brief overviews of advances in the field. this statement still appears to be true. the latest volume of advances covers a very wide range of topics, from management information to information systems and library automation in latin america to collection development and management. there is something in the eight sections of this short volume for librarians of most tastes, persuasions, and interests. those of us who struggle with a sometimes overwhelming amount of information will appreciate the systematic approach suggested by charles r. mcclure. he presents a good overview of how various forms of organizational information recent publications 449 processing, e.g., mis and dss, might be applicable to libraries. in so doing, he also presents a good review of the literature that has appeared since 1975. nancy williamson raises and discusses many of the issues involved with information storage and retrieval but especially that of subject access to online systems. one of the main issues at present appears to be whether online access should be constructed from the top down or from the bottom up. williamson claims that the · needs of the future need to be more completely assessed and that more research is necessary. public libraries have often been at the ·· forefront of library innovation. john durrance discusses one of these innovations, community information services, specifically the provision of local information, information and referral, and public policy information. in an era when community · information services could be flourishing, poor communication seems to hav_e reqi mcgr,egor cal;!~~ "personalized" .subscription service mcgregor can simplify complex and time consuming problems of periodical procurement involving research, ordering, payments, renewals and record keeping. prompt courteous service has been a tradition with mcgregor since 1933. call or write for catalog today 8151734-4183 mcgregor magazine agency college and research libraries the use of overseas central cataloging in australia with special reference to library of congress cataloging library of congress cataloging as a form of central cataloging has taken the place of british cataloging in british countries, and in particular australia. it. is, however, one library's cataloging, and on the all important subject cataloging or information retrieval side, in its subject headings and their arrangement, it is, in its own words, "the product of evolutionary forces" from 1897 to date. not all its headings are the fittest to survive; they are not evenly up-to-date in choice, and they are inconsistent in form, so that for information retrieval they are a functionally inferior mixture. this paper does not propose to be an exhaustive proof of these propositions, nor is it the result of an exhaustive study; it is rather evidence that there should be one-constructive as well as destructiveof by-product central cataloging becoming the cataloging not only of libraries in its own country, not only of libraries fairly contemporary with it, but also of new libraries-new bottles in which the old wine turned to vinegar is being increasingly poured; of libraries in foreign countries (which are however close, "free world" allies of america in every respect). in two books, one 1957 and one 1959, both published in america, the writer attempted a more general and exhaustive study, mainly at the technical level; in this he found far more fault with other january 1964 by john metcalfe mr. metcalfe is university librarian, university of new south wales. his paper is here reprinted with permission from seminar on technical services, baillieu library, university of melbourne, 17-18 august, 1961, directed by maurice f. tauber, edited by ira d. raymond. (canberra: australian advisory council on advisory services, 1962 .) cataloging methods than he did with those of lc and said somewhere in it that lc cataloging should be criticized, not because it is bad, but because it is so good, with so . much achievement and so much promise, so widely found useable and used; whereas most of the panaceas which are its competitors have got little further than boast and ballyhoo-in which lc does not indulge-even in its own country. of course lc cataloging as central cataloging is not that of a system under one authority. it is of the take it or leave it kind, you don't have to take it if you don't want to, not even in america. it is offered and taken, but not with clear explanation or understanding of just what it is; not with enough caveat emptor, yet with immense prestige and authority of a moral kind. the allegations being made cannot only be of foreign interest, but the writer is not telling americans-it would be impertinent of him to do so-and opinion of the relevance to the home situation of what he has to say must be entirely their own. 13 the bm catalogue in its still latest complete edition, in volumes, was once much used in some australian research and reference libraries, both university and public. in one in which i worked, constant reference to it in a recataloging program was, i think, a strong influence in giving the new catalog a bibliographical bias, and in drawing interest and attention away from the essential indexing function of a library catalog, especially on the subject side. being only an author catalog it was no use on the subject side; it is not linked with the library's subject index by any tracing notes, and this is only in quinquennial cumulations without any current supplementation. also it is alphabetico-classed, whereas subject cataloging in australia as in america is mainly alphabetico-specific, more or less based on cutter's rules. even at the time when british and bm catalogue influence were at their height the ala subject headings list was a tool, at least for reference, although australia had produced one of its own in 1896 (with a fourth edition in 1902) in h. c. l. anderson's guide to the system of cataloguing, of the public library of new south wales. in 1934 charles martel told me that this list, and anderson's 101 rules had been used in the formative years of the present lc catalog. we knew of the current availability of lc cards, but thought of them as printed cards, not as a subject cataloging service, and made little or no use of them. we were not able to accommodate a depository set anywhere in the country although one stood on offer to us. the first lc influence on our cataloging was through its published headings list. i was at the reference desk but had become interested in subject cataloging, and i well remember first coming across headings with round bracketed qualifications, where i would have expected just phrases or sub,.. headings in our catalog, and, horror of horrors, an upward see reference, from specific to general. i traced these innovations to their source and found, as happened increasingly, that a cataloger laudably eager for turnover or put-through had found a secret or private weapon not in general use; but i could not make my point that there should be-and had been in our catalog-entry which, if it was not always as specific as it could have been, was at least not explicit class entry with upward reference, and a consistency of form and function or logic in headings on which arrangement or filing depended, and on which in turn indexing efficiency depended, and that lc practice cut across all this. apart from being put in my place, i was met with counter-argument, which has been used in america, that the dictionary catalog is illogical, and anyway the public doesn't understand. of course alphabetical arrangement is not illogical for its own purposes. it is a perfect form of classification, as j evons pointed out in 1873, and it will allow-even with specific entry-of very useful classified suborders in its arrangement. the lc rules or arrangement are based on this, but the possibilities are largely nullified in its own cataloging by the formal inconsistencies of its headings. as for the public not understanding, i usually found this to mean that the catalogers do not understand a relation of form of headings and their arrangement which would benefit users even though they were not aware of its logical basis. lc cataloging is like that of any old established card catalog, only more so than most, and what is wrong with its byproduct central cataloging is the inconsistencies that come with the cumulation, which is the only virtue of the card catalog. even this might not be so bad if the results were sufficiently understood but its own explanation in its introduction to its headings list is not read, or if it is, it is too guarded· and not explicitly enough a warning. in consequence new editions of the list are assumed to be 'updated,' somewhat as the sixteenth edition of dc 14 college and research libraries is, and the list is · taken as an ideal one, issued as such by a great authority. a very leading american librarian, in administration, once assured me that there could not be any inconsistencies in the list, and that if only he could get hold of his head cataloger and it was a weekend or holiday, she would be able to explain to me just how consistent were such headings as artificial flowers, and flies, artificial; animals, legends and stories of, and birds-legends and stories. another lead.··· ing librarian who had worked in lc freely admitted the inconsistencies, which are going directly into comparatively new catalogs, or indirectly through the sears popular abridgment of the lc headings, or through local central cataloging. the use of cataloging aids is promoted by patriotism or feeling for another country which is at least neutral-not definitely hostile-but these are not enough. the goods have to have a genuine selling point, and they have to be delivered. the old bm catalog~e had the very important selling point that up to a point it was complete in a set of volumes that did not take up the room of a card catalog; and it was delivered. i remember it in one cataloging room slowly but surely weighing a great revolving bookcase down through the floor, and in another filling a press and bound in kangaroo skin. when i told some american librarians about this, ne·arly thirty years ago, one asked if the volumes had pockets, and i have been grateful for the story ever since. quite apart from any abstract loyalty, and veneration for a library that still had a name to conjure with, the bm catalogue was there, to impress itself on every young librarian. but it was dating; a new edition was announced in a very promising prospectus, and we put our money on the line; but _over decades it made little progress, and only recently it has been started all over again, in the way in which it should have been begun originally. and not only with this but other things there was an ever increasing gap, or vacuum, january 1964 and america was filling it, whether we liked it or not; we did not have to be americanized to have a use and a need for the wilson indexes, the engineering index, and by far the most useful and used abstracts, chemical abstracts. the only headings lists we had with up-to-date subject coverage, though inconsistent forms, were lc and sears. the only new british attempt, and opportunity, was bnb, the british national bibliography. this was, and is, a useful classified book selection aid, and in this respect it was better than any american offering until some years later; but as well as being promoted as this, and as british to the backbone-with an association with the british museum which sounded to be more than it was-it was also promoted as a cataloging aid, as in effect the british answer to lc (as years earlier brown's now dead subject classification was supposed to be the scholarly, scientific, and british answer to dewey). orthodox tracing notes to bnb entries, of both subject headings and class numbers, would have made them a cataloging aid for both the dictionary and the classified catalog, and with some initiative and organization on the part of the british museum or bnb council they could have been supported by a list of subject headings-a british list-or an arrangement might have been made to use lc headings. the writer advocated and begged for something like this, for the colonial dictionary catalog customers whose subscriptions were being solicited, but nothing of the sort was done. bnb was made what it still is, a propaganda instrument for very unorthodox and much questioned theories of classificatioq and alphabetical indexing, based on class number analysis, and what may prove to have been the last opportunity of restoring british and british museum prestige and usefulness in central cataloging for, at least, british commonwealth countries was sacrificed to the enthusiasm of a few for a new panacea, out of which they still dream of extracting 15 subject headings and references by their chain analysis of class numbers which have to be impossibly elaborated for no other purpose: whom the gods destroy they first make mad. despite british assumptions of its americanization, australia and its libraries still buy far more british than american published books, but the imprints in bnb itself show that an increasing proportion of british published books-and especially of those bought for reference and research libraries-is one of american books issued in both countries. these are of course cataloged by lc, and in addition lc catalogs books in english which are not american or british, which bnb does not do. it catalogs them, as well as other foreign books, in astonishing numbers, and with no longer the time lag which was once threatening its efficiency and its support. its proof copy cards by air mail are now reasonably up-to-date book selection aids and they can be used in integrated processing from selection to dictionary cataloging, as bnb cards cannot be, so that it is becoming doubtful whether these are now worth getting by air mail. these proof copy cards are only part of what may be called, on analogy with population explosion, a bibliographical explosion, or chain reaction, which began overseas from america with the general availability after the 1939-45 war of the lc catalog in volume form-only an author catalog-but with the familiar unit card tracing note, and a little later with current supplementation and cumulation in volume form. what the british museum at first did not do-photoprint its catalog from its ~lip catalog-was done first by some enthusiasts and then by lc itself, from lc cards. lc cataloging was now in overseas libraries, and it was complete and up-to-date in ways in which bm or bnb cataloging were not intended to be. the situation of about thirty years earlier was more than reversed. lc cataloging could be used to full advantage, but also it could be swallowed, hook, line and sinker. not only the form of headings but also subject determination and heading assignment could be taken, uncritically, completely, from the tracing notes of lc entries, and by this we may in some important respects be sunk. the disease of lc headings, from being only sporadic, may become-may have already become--epidemic and pandemic with further risk that not only may the forms of lc headings be not as good as they might be, but in addition its determination of the subjects of particular books and its assignment of headings may not be as good, on the average, as they might be. the greatest danger of centralization and standardization becomes very real. many british librarians had always used standardization or uniformity in itself as an argument against it a~d so against centralized cataloging, but this was through years when their own diversity did not show up very well against american uniformity, and in any case uniformity itself is hardly a fault in this field any more than in book printing. the obvious danger, however, still flows from centralization-that if there are defects at the center then they are everywhereand here we have centralized cataloging in a rapidly increasing volume taken to or coming down from an international or supranational level, with the added dangers that the final source is one library in one nation with perhaps some cooperative .control nationally but none internationally; and that the cataloging is not primarily central cataloging; as such it is simply byproduct cataloging, with its only justification in economy. now the question is, what damage, what amount or sum total of damage is being done, if any, and this question is put here rather than answered. in any assessment there must be either an assumption that what may be wrong should 16 college and research libraries be righted at all costs, or an assumption that there is possibly some compensation in other directions and that the account must be balanced as one of profit and loss if there is profit or gain in having lc more or less uncritically copied; and there is some gain. a mere glance at what the other fellow has already done is helpful, even if we end in doing the opposite; if we go-as we may be justified in going-to the other extreme, local cataloging can be reduced to completely uncritical copying of central cataloging. there need not even be copying; ready-made cards complete with headings can be filed, and even this may be done mechanically according to some punching of the ready-made cards, with all the advantages of nutrition without mastication and health without exercise; the century old dream of central cataloging would be complete reality, perhaps, just as the manless missiles were raining down. just before his death in 1903 cutter said in the preface to the fourth and latest edition of his rules, "on seeing the great success of . . . congress cataloguing . . . i cannot help thinking that the golden age ... is over, and that difficulties and discussions which have furnished an innocent pleasure to so many will interest them no more." the end of an age, if it is ended, was not as close as he thought then but there is no doubt that the difficulties, real or imagined (or only difficult to insufficiently able and trained people) and the associated discussions with all their innocent pleasure have brought local or independent cataloging into disrepute and have come near to ending the halcyon days, willy nilly and at whatever cost to the functional as opposed to the processing efficiency of cataloging. in terms of the labor and the money that is in fact being allowed for cataloging even by an affluent society, and for librarianship, and bibliography, and documentation, and information retrieval altogether, there is a need and an insistent demand from adjanuary 1964 ministrators and purse-bearers for economy in the cataloging process. librarians reply that what is sometimes expected or supposed by laymen to be all that is really needed is not as simple as they think and not enough for functional efficiency, but most librarians themselves and many catalogers are in some agreement, and many are prepared to pay for processing economy a price in possible loss of functional efficiency which they may not look at closely. they may simply want to recommend themselves as administrators and budget-balancer.s, or may not themselves be professionally competent or experienced enough to know how bad or how good cataloging can be, and how. cataloging is at the very heart of librarianship, and yet it has become a special mystery in more senses than one and many chief librarians or directors assert almost with pride that they know nothing about cataloging and cannot discuss the simplest problem in it without calling for their head cataloger, who in the management of his or her special domain can often rely on the boss's ignorance. cataloging is in large part a mystery, especially on the subject side, because it has not been much more than half solved with general agreement on the solution, or the teaching of it, and this is a major factor in the present situation. despite the efforts of cutter and others there is as yet no body of theory and practice which is generally accepted as the means of maximum efficiency. bibliosophists cry lo here and lo there, with astrology where there should be astronomy and alchemy where there should be chemistry. administrators and even catalogers are sceptical of what can so easily be dismissed as perfectionism. and an unfortunate conclusion may be drawn that many catalogers might as well be replaced by clerks just copying lc, because they have not been taught, or have not learned, principles on which to criticize and improve lc. now, 17 before drawing further conclusions, what sort of thing is supposed to be wrong with lc subject cataloging? we can state very briefly as to subject determination and headings assignment, that the specific subject qualification or limitation of a book is not always clearly realized or distinguished, and to be on the safe side the cataloger has given the book too many entries, which reduces both processing economy and functional efficiency; that what has been called a fifth column in the catalog is common-that is, the use of title word entry instead of, or to supplement, proper subject entry, usually because there is not an appropriate heading already in the list and the process of getting a new one in is probably too troublesome and time consuming; it is not sufficiently realized that some catalogers in lc probably work to the list as it is, and make it a procrustean bed for their cataloging, just as half-trained, inexperienced local catalogers often do with the very much abridged sears. as to the supposedly basic principle of its cataloging, there is considerable if not quantitatively important use of class entry with upward reference which reduces functional efficiency; for example, an inquirer looking under "milk substitutes" is referred to "food substitutes," and out of the many more entries under this he has to sort out those for literature on milk substitutes, which is not good information retrieval in a catalog which does distinguish about sixty kinds of dog and has at last got round to distinguishing some kinds of football as well as soccer. as to the form of headings there are such inconsistencies as "artificial limbs," but "eyes, artificial"; "agricultural research" and "agricultural exhibitions," but "agriculture -competitions," and "architectureexhibitions"; "composition (music)," but "music.-:-lnterpretation"; "catslegends and stories," but "cats (in religion, folklore, etc.)" and "cats in literature," without the brackets. such examples could be multiplied by the hundred. they are not justified by usage, that is, by differences which the inquirer would expect and anticipate. they make for reduced economy in processing because they increase the number of cross references to be put in and the number of filing difficulties, and they reduce functional efficiency because they increase cross reference use, and reduce the subject or subject aspect grouping which is quite possible and allowable with specific entry-mainly by the use of subheadings · -and is well established in its own headings. such inconsistencies are understandable and excusable in a large catalog with long cumulation and would be found in many smaller and younger catalogs. it is understandable that they are being copied into many smaller and younger catalogs when it is realized, first, that lc central cataloging, and its headings list as an aid, are only by-products of its cataloging of its own collections; and, second, that this central cataloging is only an unmodified by-product of its own cataloging and all the implications and consequences are not generally realized. we are getting highly centralized cataloging cheap, without realizing the price we may really be paying in the product. all these suggested defects in lc cataloging and its transmission as central cataloging may be quantitatively serious, or they may be only the magnification of a perfectionist riding a hobby horse, but their removal or reduction would mean some improvement in both processing economy and functional efficiency in cataloging based on that of lc. but how could they be removed or reduced? lc cataloging is published for more purposes than central cataloging through copying, though this is a lot of the justification and use of its publication. but published bibliography with or without uses other than central cataloging need not be the cataloging of a particular li18 college and research libraries brary, as that of bnb shows, but some association with a library can be useful, as bnb also shows; its cataloging is not done by the british museum, but is done in it from the museum's acquisitions, especially its copyright deposit acquisitions. the bm catalogue and its subject index are certainly not bnb's ranganathanite version of dc classified cataloging, but in their preparation some use may now be made of bnb entries. the point is that there may be economical advantage, and even necessity in some association of a large library and its acquisitions with cen. tralized cataloging for other libraries, but there need not be identification of cataloging, either way. the writer had something to do with another, far, far less important case than either lc of bnb. in this, central cataloging was done mainly but not entirely from a large library's own acquisitions, and this central cataloging was then modified in the library's own cataloging of those acquisitions. it had to be modified for the same reasons the other way round that lc cataloging needs modification; for example "economics" was used as a heading in the central cataloging for other libraries but the central library was still using "political economy" as a heading because it had hundreds of entries under it. the central library's cataloging could have been modified for central cataloging, which would probably have been delayed by this order; or the central library's cataloging could have been published on the do-what-you-like-with-it principle, but this would have defeated the purpose of aiding comparatively inexperienced catalogers by giving them up-to-date headings and of checking the spread of infection from an old, long cumulated catalog. it may not be irrelevant to notice that some british librarians say that cataloging in their large urban and county library systems is primarily cataloging for branches-that the cataloging of the central reference library is often subordinated january 1964 to this and made a mere makeshift adaptation of it. we must be careful to look both ways, and upwards and downwards, before stepping off the pavement we are on. by-product central cataloging looks the cheapest, but even this may not be certain; two associated cataloging processes and two associated processing bodies, even though there is association and cooperation, appear to raise costs; but they also distribute costs and may reduce a deflection of one of the bodies from its original purpose. whether justified by its original charter or not, the british museum seems very wary of taking on what are now thought to be functions of a national library; the library of congress on the other hand has embraced those functions and may have given them their current definition but not without recurrent complaint that it is, after all, the library of congress. the setting up of a separate body of council for central cataloging-but working in close association with lc-might meet some of these complaints at what would be comparatively small cost, especially if the services rendered were not so much thought of as a by-product to be given away. the desire to give away, to help as freely as possible may have motivated and justified the byproduct line of thought and economy and at the same time made the thinkers blind to some of the by-products of the byproduct approach. for what the information may be worth, there is now in australia an advisory council on bibliographical services which directs the work of, but does not administer a bibliographical center; this was in a parliamentary library which was also a national library on the lc plan but the two have been recently separated and the bibliographical center (with the same relation with aacobs) is now in the national library of australia. central cataloging associated but not identified with that of a particular library 19 can be more flexible, directed to and even varied according to the needs of its users, but it must have a consistent practice or it will not avoid inconsistencies, partly caused-as lc says of its own headings-by "varying theories of subject heading practice over the years." in the writer's view, and of course he is not alone, a new body of theory and practice must be laid down and taught not only as the basis for the specific entry of the dictionary catalog, divided or undivided, but also as the basis of any indexing or information retrieval. he does not accept the view that documentation or information retrieval must be, or is, essentially different from library subject cataloging, but he does think that librarians who have neglected their own half -solved problems of cataloging are at least as much to blame for the opposition of information retrieval and library cataloging as the amateurs, the engineers, and the chemists are, with their usually ignorant and prejudiced assumptions of what is covered by the word cataloging. he is sceptical of theorizing with little relation to the proven theory and practice of the past, and of new names for old things such as documentation and information (continued from page 12) comparative study of alternative approaches. without comparative studies it is not possible to demonstrate objectively the practicability of any system. finally, the study underscored the importance of administration. an information center, like any other organization, is retrieval for subject . indexing, descriptors for subject headings, and so on; he thinks cutter in his specific entry definitions and rules and kaiser with his concrete-process breakdown made permanent progress, independently but essentially on the same lines. theirs were major steps towards logical subject indexing, whether mechanized or not, and whether arrangements of subject names such as theirs are used directly or indirectly. cutter's theory and practice was exemplified in lc cataloging in its subject headings, though with some unexpected deviations from the master. the writer thinks a development of cutter's practice, and kaiser's, should be exemplified in an ideal subject headings list, the compilation of which would be the inductive corrective of the deductive approach, from principles. but this would be detail at the technical level. the cataloging in question is american, and even as it isthough we may receive it critically-we receive it with admiration and gratitude. whatever might be done to improve it would have to be done in america, and whatever is done or not done, we hope that we may continue to receive it with admiration and gratitude. • • information centers ... subject to the principles of administration. while this is axiomatic, and certainly not startling, its importance has again been demonstrated. in the absence of sound administration, it will be difficult, if not impossible, to blend the varied skills described above into an integrated, effective organization. • • 20 . college and research libraries -· college and research libraries paul metz and john espley the availability of cataloging copy in the oclc data base a sixteen-week longitudinal study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of oclc as a source of cataloging data and to optimize the timing of searches for cataloging copy for various categories of materials. the findings indicated a high rate of success and, further, suggested that for many types of materials a holding pattern might be unnecessary. a midsized research library should be able to clear about half of its monographic receipts immediately, if it is willing to accept cip copy. for materials not searched immediately , or for subsequent searches of materials not cataloged at once , the data may be used to determine the best timing and frequency of searches. any library that relies on an on-line bibliographic utility as its primary source of cataloging copy confronts a number of critical decisions that determine how effectively and efficiently the on-line data base can serve its needs. for example, a blanket decision to accept, to reject, or to inspect and modify cataloging copy from particular sources represents an important choice between the goal of quality and the goals of speed and economy. an especially critical series of decisions must be made addressing the questions of when it is most profitable to search the data base for contributed copy, how often and at what intervals to repeat the search when copy is not found, and at what point to abandon the search in favor of original cataloging. decisions of this nature represent a balancing of several goals, in that the library seeks simultaneously to minimize the extent of original cataloging, to process materials as quickly as possible, ' and to minimize the number of searches required to find copy. the library will also paul metz is acting user services librarian and john espley is automation supervisor, cataloging department , at the carol m . newman library, virginia polytechnic institute and state university, blacksburg. 430 i generally seek to safeguard the integrity of its authority structure, often by maximizing its use of library of congress copy. this study presents empirical data that might provide a basis for informed decisions about cataloging searches of oclc, the largest and most heavily used cataloging data base. other studies have evaluated the effectiveness of oclc as a resource for ill and preacquisitions verification and for cataloging data. 14 meyer and panetta, in their comparison of oclc and b/na as cataloging data bases , touch briefly on how the probability that copy for a new title will be found on oclc increases with time. 5 but even the most comprehensive and authoritative study, hewitt's oclc: impact and use, while pointing to the need for "an evaluation of the relationship between original find rates , holding patterns , and final find rates," could not specify these relationships. hewitt did point to a reduced turnaround time for cataloging under oclc, mainly due to an escape from the inefficiencies of local card production but partly due to the speedier arrival of cataloging copy in useful form. he also made the significant point that the characteristics of the materials being acquired would be an important determinant of find rates and of the effects of holding patterns. 6 methodology the study was conducted at the carol m. newman library of virginia tech (virginia polytechnic institute and state university) in blacksburg, virginia. newman is a medium-sized arl library that adds about fifty thousand monographic titles per year. newly acquired titles . represent a broad range of subjects and come from a wide variety of sources. since variations among the ways books come to the library are crucial in determining the relationships of interest, the findings will be reported in terms of the sources of receipt. reporting in this fashion should make it possible for other libraries to adjust the findings to their own collections ' patterns and thereby to generalize about their own situations. for each of three consecutive weeks beginning in march 1979, approximately 140 newly unpacked monographic receipts were selected for the study. serials were excluded. selection was not strictly random, but was guided to achieve a rough match between the distribution of sampled books and the distribution of the library's annual receipts in terms of country of origin and means of purchase. as table 1 shows , american imprints, british imprints, and imprints from other nations were sampled in an approximate ratio of 4:2:1. blanket orders accounted for half the sample, while standing orders (which are like blanket orders, but are specific to a publisher and not a dealer) and firm-order books accounted for about one-quarter of the distribution apiece . ft should be noted that the sample of firm-order materials was confined to monographs with either 1978 or 1979 dates of imprint . this decision was based on the assumption that for older materials, cataloging data would most often be available at the beginning of the test period and that if it were not, it would be unlikely to arrive during the period. one result of this decicataloging copy i 431 sion was to focus the study quite specifically on the use of oclc as a source of cataloging data for current imprints. in order to keep the distinction between firm orders and other materials as clear as possible, the study included as firm orders only those materials that wold fall outside the scope of all of the library's blanket and standing orders, either because of their subject matter or because their publishers were not covered by any of the vendors. trained oclc searchers looked for copy for each item, using all reasonable access points to find cataloging copy, the results of each search were coded for one of the five categories: full library of congress copy, lc cataloging in publication (cip) copy, " good" copy , " other" copy , and no copy found . a code of "good" indicated that copy had been contributed by a library on a list , compiled by virginia tech's cataloging professionals , of twenty libraries whose contributed cataloging has been of noticeably superior quality for some time and is considered less apt to need close review and revision. "other" refers to copy from oclc members other than the library of congress and "good" libraries. if multiple cataloging copy was found for a given imprint, the best data available at the time was coded, with priorities assigned in the order listed above. only copy for the exact piece in hand was considered; in the relatively rare cases in which copy for a different edition was found but not copy for the piece in hand, the search was coded as "no copy." each title in the sample was searched during the week of its receipt , one week later, the next week, and then every alternate week until the sixteenth week. searching ended only with the sixteenth week or with the arrival of full lc copy , whicheve r came first . mter the test period had ended, the coded sheets were compiled to identify the table 1 distribution of sampled monographs am e rican british other totals (source) blanket order 120 57 29 206 standing order 59 14 17 90 firm orders 58 30 12 100 totals (nation) 237 101 58 grand total = 396 432 i college & research libraries • september 1980 arrival dates for the first copy found and for the best copy ultimately found. cumulative statistics were also kept for incidents in which copy was "upgraded," with copy being supplanted by other copy higher in priority. general findings before considering the arrival of cataloging copy and the effects of various library policies, it might be useful to make some general observations about the frequency with which a library like virginia tech's can expect to find useful oclc copy for various . categories of materials. the data showed that oclc is a highly productive tool for the distribution of cataloging copy. some copy for the full piece in hand was found within sixteen weeks for 87.1 percent of the books. full library of congress copy was available for 59.3 percent of the sample. these results are displayed by category of materials in tables 2 and 3. as table 2 shows, copy is almost invariably ·present for american imprints and for firm-order materials. copy is least likely to be found for british and other blanket orders; thirty-four of the fifty-one cases without copy, or twothirds, came from these two categories. the distribution of full lc copy (table 3) shows the same general pattern as the distribution of any found copy, except that the gaps between the success rates for american versus british and other imprints and for firm-order materials versus the other two sources widen. while full lc copy is available within sixteen weeks for about three-fourths of american imprints, it is available for only about one-third of the rest. and while full lc copy is obtained for 81 percent of the firm orders, it is found for only about half of blanket and standing orders. whereas there is more overall copy for standing orders than for blanket orders (table 2), full lc copy is more frequently found for blanket orders; this difference is due to the very low incidence of lc copy for foreign standing orders. the difference between the overall rate of 87.1 percent and the 59.3 incidence of full lc copy is of course accounted for by those cases where the best available copy came from "good" or "other" libraries, or represented cip data that had not been upgraded. table 4 shows the distribution of the best copy that had been found within sixteen weeks across the five categories. the table seems to suggest two conclusions for an oclc member library. the first is that the availability of member-contributed (non-lc) copy, which for. many members is a prime motivation for joining a network, is substantial: nearly 22 percent of materials would have no copy at all except for the contributions of members other than the library of congress. a second, more tentative conclusion is that the maintenance of a "good" list is more trouble than it is worth. only 8 percent of best copy came from "good" libraries. whether such a list is worth keeping depends on how much less review a library gives to cataloging copy from highly regarded members, and on how difficult it is to train searchers to recognize table 2 blanket order standing order firm orders totals (nation) blanket order standing order firm order totals (nation) percentage of materials fgr which copy found within sixteen weeks , by category american british other totals (source) 98.3 68.4 44.8 82.5 93.2 78 .6 76.5 87.8 98.3 93.3 91.7 96.0 97.0 77.2 63.8 grand total = 87.1 table 3 percentage of full lc copy, by category of materials american british other totals (source) 76.7 29.8 10.3 54.4 66.1 7.1 11.8 46.7 91.4 66.7 66.7 81.0 77.6 37.6 22.4 grand total = 59.3 cataloging copy i 433 table 4 distribution of best copy found (sixteen weeks) full lc cip number 235 24 percentage percentage of materials 59.3 6.1 with copy 68. 1 7.0 the symbols of all approved libraries and to give their copy special treatment. the advice of hogan in oclc : a national library network supports the view that the categorical distinction between "good" and "bad" libraries is not worth making. 7 holding patierns and the timing of copy availability as noted, the key purpose behind this study was to provide information useful in determining holding patterns for the various categories of materials, so that a balance could be achieved between minimizing the number of searches for copy and making materials available as quickly as possible. for this purpose, the emphasis must not be on what type of copy is available, but rather on when it appears. taken together, tables 5 and 6 show that while some copy is available for two-thirds of materials as soon as they arrive, the most desirable copy, full lc, is immediately available only about 18 percent of the time. in fact, the only category for which full lc copy is immediately available more than half the time is american imprints ordered on a title-by-title basis. for both lc full copy ·and for copy in general, rates of im(member good other subtotal) none 28 58 (86) 51 7.1 14.6 (21.7) 12.9 8.1 16.8 (24.9) na mediate availability are far better for american imprints and for firm orders than for other materials. if a library considers cip copy to be nearly as good as lc full copy (in other words, if it considers the effort of supplying missing data preferable to extended waiting), rates of immediate availability are greatly improved, especially for american imprints. table 7 shows the rates of immediate availability for any lc copy, whether full or cip. the data shown so far suggest that not all materials need to be put into a holding pattern. copy is immediately available for a significant proportion of materials in some categories, such as firm orders. american imprints would also be such a category, if a library were to decide to accept cip copy when available, such a decision would have significant consequences, since cip constitutes such a large percentage of the immediately available cataloging copy. only 31.3 percent of the exact lc copy that was available at the end of the test period had been there from the beginning, while 44.7 percent represented upgrades of cip copy that was extant at week one. the decision to . accept cip copy makes an immediate table 5 immediate availability of copy , by category of materials (percentage) american british other totals (source) blanket order 89.2 29.8 3.4 60.7 standing order 69.5 35.7 52.9 61.1 firm order 93.1 76.7 58.3 84.0 totals (nation) 85.2 44.6 29.3 grand total = 66.7 table 6 immediate availability of full lc copy, by category of materials (percentage) american british other totals (source) blanket order 5.8 0.0 0.0 3.4 standing order 13.6 0.0 5.9 10.0 firm orders 69.0 43.3 33.3 57.0 totals (nation) 23.2 12.9 8.6 grand total = 18.4 434 i college & research libraries • september 1980 table 7 immediate availabiuty of full lc copy or cip, by category of materials (percentage) american british blanket order 80.8 3.5 standing orders 49.2 7.1 firm orders 84.5 46.7 totals (nation) 73.8 16.8 search for copy for many materials much more attractive and may help to reduce inprocess time significantly. the data showed that waiting for cip copy to be upgraded can introduce a significant delay. for the 105 books for which cip copy was ultimately superseded by full lc copy, the latter was typically not available until the sixth or eighth week. moreover, there were twentyfour additional cases where cip was still the best available copy after the entire sixteen weeks of the study had expired. the virginia tech library has accepted · the conclusions of this study and has instituted a policy of immediate searching for copy for all monographs obtained on firm order or through american blanket or standing orders. as expected, this change has resulted in a reduction of about one-half in the proportion of monographic titles going into a holding pattern. public service librarians have expressed strong approval of the new policy. as a necessary part of the new plan, searchers have been trained and authorized to upgrade cip records by supplying collation and other omitted data. this has represented a modest addition to their workload, but an efficient reduction in the load of work previously performed by library assistants. it should be noted that in deciding to use cip data, as upgraded by its own clerical staff, the library has made a judgment that the demands of efficiency and prompt user availability justify some possible sacrifice in cataloging data. differences between cip and final lc cataloging often involve more than simply the collation portion of the record. dowell has pointed out that about twothirds of cip copy is ultimately changed by lc, that the mean number of changes per cip title is about 1. 2, and, most important, that about one cip title in four will generate subsequent differences in final lc cataloging that could be called "significant." other totals (source) 0.0 48.1 17.6 36.7 33.3 67.0 12.1 grand total = 50.3 significant changes include differences in main entry, title, series, subjects or other added entries, isbn, or call number. many, but by no means all, of the differences that fall into these categories could be expected to affect user access, according to dowell . 8 according to a recent survey of libraries participatjng in oclc, the majority of libraries have decided to delegate cip upgrading to nonprofessional staff. 9 in order that individual libraries may draw their own inferences from the data and not be limited to the conclusions drawn here, the most salient data have been laid out in tables 8 and 9. in table 8, the times at which various categories of materials had any copy available are laid out in four-week intervals, beginning with the date of receipt. summary statistics are given for each purchase source and point of origin, as well as for all materials taken together. the data can be used as the basis for determining holding patterns, though where the number of cases is small (for example, firm orders from "other" countries) the findings cannot be precise. table 9 is analogous to table 8, but is restricted to arrival patterns for library of congress copy (full or cip). the data do appear to support a few final generalizations. the very small increase with time in the proportion of firm orders having copy helps to underscore the suggestion that these should be searched immediately and further suggests that if copy is not found, original cataloging might be called for. the significant growth in the find rate for british and other materials demonstrates that for these materials a holding pattern pays definite dividends. it is really in the categories of other blanket and standing orders that member copy is most useful, as a comparison of the data shown here with other data indicates that in these cases member copy constitutes an actual majority (63. 2 percent) of the best copy available cataloging copy i 435 table 8 percentage of materials having any copy, by category and over time immediate 4wks. 8 wks. 12 wks . 16 wks . american blo 89.2 95.8 96.7 97.5 98.3 120 british blo 29.8 45.6 49.1 61.4 68.4 57 other blo 3.4 20.7 24.1 37.9 44.8 29 american so 69.5 81.4 81.4 83.1 93.2 59 british so 35.7 64.3 71.4 78.6 78.6 14 other so 52.9 64.7 64.7 64.7 76.5 17 american firm 93.1 94.8 98.3 98 .3 98.3 58 british firm 76.7 80.0 86.7 90.0 93.3 30 other firm 58.3 91.7 91.7 91.7 91.7 12 american total 85.2 92.0 93.2 94.1 97.0 237 british total 44.6 58.4 63.4 72.3 77.2 101 other total 29.3 48 .3 50.0 56.9 63.8 58 blo total 60.7 71.3 73.3 79.1 82.5 206 so total 61.1 75.6 76.7 78.9 87 .8 90 firm total 84.0 90.0 94.0· 95 .0 96.0 100 grand total 66.7 77.0 79 .3 83.1 87.1 396 table 9 percentage of materials having full lc or cip copy. by category of materials and over time immediate 4 wks. american blo 80.8 82.5 british blo 3.5 14.0 other blo 0.0 0.0 american so 49.2 54.2 british so 7.1 7.1 other so 17.6 17.6 american firm 84.5 84.5 british firm 46.7 46.7 other firm 33.3 66.7 american total 73.8 75.9 british total 16.8 22.8 other total 12. 1 19.0 blo total 48.1 51.9 so total 36.7 40.0 firm total 67.0 71.0 grand total 50.3 54.0 within sixteen weeks. finally, with respect to exactly what holding pattern might be best, the data indicate that each additional four weeks of waiting pays rewards but suggest that the greatest incremental benefit comes in the first four weeks. for all categories of materials the growth in the find rate after the first four weeks is so gradual that it would be difficult to justify a researching interval of less than eight or twelve weeks. of course, local variations in policy or in collection patterns may lead to different conclusions for other libraries. for example, a library who'se jobbers were slower to deliver materials than virginia tech's 8 wks. 12wks. 16wks. 85.8 87.5 89.2 120 15.8 28 . 1 35.1 57 0.0 6.9 10.3 29 55.9 61.0 72.9 59 7. 1 14.3 14.3 14 17.6 17.6 17.6 17 90.0 90.0 91.4 58 46.7 50.0 66.7 30 66.7 66.7 66.7 12 79.3 81.4 84.0 237 23.8 32.7 41.6 101 19.0 22.4 24 . 1 58 54.4 59.7 62. 1 206 41.1 45.6 53.3 90 74.0 75.0 81.0 100 56.8 60.9 65.4 396 could expect to discover that the find rate for first searches would be higher, and vice versa. conclusions the most general conclusion to which this study points is that oclc provides its member libraries access to an impressive wealth of cataloging data. for a library like virginia tech's, copy is available within sixteen weeks for the great majority (87 percent) of materials, while full lc copy is available for a high percentage (59 percent). some 22 percent of the best cataloging records available for monographs comes from 436 i college & research libraries • september 1980 members other than lc. this may be taken ; as one index of the value of network participation (stated otherwise, a library that does not use these records has little reason to use a utility for cataloging). with respect to the arrival times of copy, the study shows that it is apparently in a library's best interest to search all firmorder materials immediately. full lc copy will usually be there, and even for recent monographs there is only a fairly small likelihood that first copy or improved copy will appear during the course of any reasonable holding pattern. it is not so clear that other materials should be searched immediately. there is only a small chance that useful copy will be immediately present for some materials, though this depends on the criteria of acceptance. a critical decision point is whether to accept cip cataloging when it is immediately· available rather than waiting for full lc copy. a library that decides to accept cip data will probably find that an immediate search for all american monographic receipts is justified. together with the firm orders cleared by immediate searching, these materials should bring the rate of immediate clearance up to the neighborhood of 50 percent. it is harder to draw definitive conclusions about the optimum holding pattern for other materials or for american imprints and firm orders that are not found at first. the data, however, indicate that the most productive period for any holding pattern is the first month or so and that thereafter the hit rate will grow steadily but slowly. no doubt an asymptotic upper limit is approached at some point, but this apparently does not happen until materials have been in the holding area for quite some time. references 1. marion t. reid, "effectiveness of the oclc data base for acquisitions verification ," journal of academic librarianship 2, no. 6:303, 326. 2. joe a. hewitt, oclc: impact and use (columbus: the ohio state university libraries, office of educational services, 1977). 3. christian m. boissonas, "quality of oclc bibliographic records : the cornell law library experience," law library journal 72:80-85 (winter 1979). 4. cynthia c . . ryan, "a study of errors found in non-marc cataloging in a machine-assisted system," journal of library automation ll:12s-32 (june 1978). 5. r. w. meyer and rebecca panetta , "two shared cataloging data bases: a comparison," college & research libraries 38:19-24 (jan. 1977). 6. hewitt, oclc, p .68. 7. allan d. hogan, "acceptance of cataloging contributed by oclc members," in anne marie allison and ann allan, ed., oclc: a national library network (short hills, n.j. : enslow, 1979), p.133. 8. arlene t. dowell , "discrepancies in cip: how serious is the problem?" library journal104 :2281-81 (nov. 1, 1979). 9. sally braden, john d. hall, and helen h. britton, " utilization of personnel and bibliographic resources for cataloging by oclc participating libraries," library resources & technical services 24:'135-54 (spring 1980). college and research libraries his attempt to use the early history of the book as a paradigm for the continuing emergence of present-day electronic communications technologies. his notion of the importance of the free market in the development of late medieval information dissemination carries with it the echoes of similar debates on the desirability of commercially viable networks as opposed to publicly supported ones outside the market structure. the question of competition between the old scriptographical tradition and the new typographical science is likewise reflected in the current struggle between the proponents of the paperless society and those whose ideas of scholarship and culture are inextricably bound to the printed book as artifact. this volume is an original and valuable addition to the literature of the book's history, but the force of its argument is somewhat diluted by its sheer size and the degree of detail to which it resorts to buttress its premises. a more general statement of its principal theses, with a less elaborately documented defense of them, would probably be a desirable middle ground for most potential readers; in its present form it demands an intense and prolonged concentration which is perhaps more appropriate to the narrowest technical specializations than to more broadly conceived humanistic views of the history of the book.-james henry spohrer, university of california, berkeley. cataloging heresy: challenging the standard bibliographic product. proceedings of the congress for librarians, february 18, 1991, st. john's university, jamaica, new york, with additional contributed papers. ed. bella hass weinberg. medford, n.j.: learned information, 1992. 217p. $30 (isbn 0-938734-60-1). lc 92-9374. although the title cataloging heresy might suggest that this book proposes radically different ways of looking at cataloging and bibliographic control, it is instead a rather useful overview of some of the problems with uniform titles, subject headings, classification, and the description of special types of library materials. book reviews 77 editor bella hass weinberg has compiled a well-edited volume of papers from the 1991 congress for librarians at st. john's university. it provides a framework for library school students and practitioners to think critically about cataloging data in standard bibliographic records. managers who look for the most expeditious, most economical method to process library rna terials are warned of the conflicts and inaccuracies inherent in shared records. the papers examine what data should be included in these shared bibliographic records and how those data might be altered in response to a given collection, special type of material, or special user group. part 1 consists of edited papers from ten invited speakers as well as introductory and concluding remarks. the seven contributed articles in part 2 remind · us that for some types of materials (special collections of literature and music, musical sound recordings, nonprint materials, digital cartographic databases), standard practices may not be adequate. the library of congress is attacked, as usual, for not keeping up with current, politically correct terminology in its library of congress subject headings and for its practice of assigning insufficient and inadequate headings and subdivisions (articles by sanford berman and hope olson). fortunately, alternatives and positive recommendations for future direction are provided. the reader is also reminded of the increased efforts on the part of the library of congress, as the national bibliographic agency, to inform and consult widely on changes to cataloging policy in order to reflect consensus within the library community (article by john byrum). apart from criticisms of library of congress subject headings, there are the expected papers on the shortcomings of anglo-american cataloguing rules, library of congress rule interpretations, and library of congress classification. other papers provide wonder-ful historical background for library school students and those in the profession who may have forgotten about the national library of medicine classification (sally sinn), 78 college & research libraries the art & architecture thesaurus (cathy whitehead), the bliss classification system (alan r. thomas), and oclc and rlin standards and practices to meet the needs of individual libraries (liz bishoff i glenn patton and ed glazier, respectively). the biases and problems with descriptive cataloging are pointed out by norman anderson. an index by ed swanson should add to the volume's usefulness as a supplemental text in library schools. the exceptionally tiny type used in many of the examples and notes almost requires a magnifying glass to read. several papers specifically focus on academic libraries. mary parr's "standard cataloging data and the academic library: the technical services manager's point of view'' provides a very brief identification of questions and an addendum of pragmatic opinion on what to do with inaccurate or superseded data on copy. she reminds catalogers of cuttering variations due to changed rules for main entry, classification decision differences for general indexes and bibliographies, variant practices for traced and not traced series, typographical errors on copy, and erroneous data printed in publications with cip copy, including fixed call numbers. additionally, academic libraries will find useful information in several of the other papers about cataloging needs for special collections (an article by patricia elliott and celia bakke) and for special types of materials (articles by charles whitlow, bob armintor, and pohchin lai and ming-kan wong). the article by sook-hyun kim examines the practice of including serials holdings information in notes in bibliographic records, rather than relegating such information to a linked holdings record. standards change over time and should be questioned periodically in order to improve and to develop even better standards. as noted in the article by sheila intner, it is not enough just to teach current practices. students should also be introduced to nonstandard systems and organizational theory so they will be prepared to design future bibliographic systems. january 1993 cataloging practices have long recognized the need and desire to permit variations for particular types of materials and for needs of special users. this is reflected in the existence of cataloging rule options and rule interpretations and in the acceptance of specialized thesauri and classification schemes-all part of the standard bibliographic record. economic pressures to accept shared bibliographic records blindly must be weighed against the possible negative impact on access to the local collection and the needs of local users. this compilation of papers assures that we will retain that perspective.-barbara b. tillett, university of california, san diego, la jolla. collectiotr management: a new treatise. ed. by charles b. osburn and ross atkinson. greenwich, conn.: jai, 1991. 494p. in 2 vols. $75.25 per volume (isbn 1-55938-231-7) lc 91-33499. this new treatise is a sequel of sorts, following by nearly a dozen years the similar compilation edited by robert d. stueart and george b. miller, jr., collection development in libraries: a treatise. it has been issued by the same publisher, appears in the same series as its predecessor, and is virtually indistinguishable from it in design and format. it is tempting, therefore, simply to read this collection of essays as stueart/miller revised. upon closer examination~ however, it ·becomes clear that this is a very different work. in the first place, the editors of new treatise, in contrast to their forerunners, have been freed from the mission of filling a gaping hole in the professional literature. a glance at the bibliographic notes in these volumes demonstrates that the 1980s were busy times for authors writing on the various fields subsumed under collection management; many of them may have been inspired to some degree by articles appearing in the first treatise. charles osburn and ross atkinson, in their brief forward, emphasize the dynamism, evolution, diversity, and challenges evident in collection management, and they appear to have accepted as their primary goal the provision of a forum for critiques, new ideas, revisions, and glimpses of future college and research libraries by beverley ruffin to-ward a sound national program iri cataloging' dr. ruffin is librarian, state teachers college, farmville, va. i n current library literature, refere~ce is made to three phases of catalogmg history : the period which precedes the turn of the nineteenth century; the middle period, embracing the first four decades of the twentieth century; and the period since 1941. the early period: the librarian as cataloger the early period falls roughly into two parts: a pioneer period, extending to 1876, when institutional practices were in the process of a slow evolution, and the period from 1876 to 1908, during which time everything in the profession, including cataloging techniques, was being organized and ~odified fdr the mutual benefit of practicing librarians. this period was so full of vitality, so overflowing with conflicting ideas so realistic in its approach to ideas greatiy conceived and executed that it has been labeled the romantic age in the history of american librarianship. in both the pioneer period and this romantic period we find the library administrator as cataloger. in the earlier period the listing of books was a minor activity in this librarian's daily routine. it represented a means to the accomplishment of some library obj.ective. at harvard the 1 paper pr esented at the works~op for <:;ollege an? unive r sity librarian s, _s chool of library science, umvers ity of north carohna, july 2 8, 1948. july, 1949, part i . first catalog, published in i 723, was for the purpose of acquainting certain prospective donors in london with the book holdings in the infant college in the colony of massachusetts. the primary object of this catalog was the acquisition of books. at yale the first catalog, dated 1745, was compiled because the new head of the college saw "that the students were deprived of much benefit and advantage of the library, for want of a proper catalogue of books." this catalog was dedicated "to the students of yale college," so that they might "readily know and find any book, upon any particular subject." the sole object of this catalog was to meet the needs of the college student. by 1876 librarians had developed a lively interest in cataloging. the activities of the newly organized american library association centered on such technical subjects as the analytic indexing of periodical literature the classification ~f books in libraries, the ~elative merits of book and card catalogs, and the perfecting of cutter's rules for a dictionary catalog. under the impetus of the new movement, administrative heads became expert technicians. cataloging had emerged not only as a major activity in librarianship, but was a major field of emphasis in the professional activities of the library administrative heads. soon after the turn of the century, this constructive phase in the history of cataloging reached its peak. cutter's rules had gone through four editions; and the ameri227 can library association had published its catalog rules · and list of subject headings. centralized cataloging at the library of congress was underway, and the classification schedules and the standardized subject headings used in this national institution were becoming accessible to libraries throughout the country. administrative heads assumed less and less responsibility for the cataloging activity of their libraries, many of which by this time had become functionally organized. in the words of charles a. cutter, the golden age of cataloging with -its challenging difficulties and exhilarating discussions was over, and a great change was to come upon the status of cataloging in the united states.2 cutter's prophecy came true. the printed codes on the techniques of cataloging, which had been produced since i876, brought about a demand for a body of specialists, skilled in the manipulation of these techmques. the burden of the cataloging activity was assigned to these specialists, and the narrow concept of cataloging as the process of preparing entries for a card catalog slowly crystallized. since such importance thus became attached to catalog entries for books, it is only right that we should have some knowledge of . their technical evolution. before i876 we find that the character of cataloging was peculiar to individual institutions. the early history of cataloging was therefore a history of local developments. the compiler of a book catalog was free to choose his own set of rules. individuality in catalog entries thus held its own against the day of catalog codes, and uniformity had yet to be achieved. in their early manifestations cataloging techniques we~e crude and rough, bu.t they were plastic. evolution was thus possible. 2 cutter, charles a . rules for a dictionary catalog. u.s. bureau of education, special report on public libraries, part ii (4th ed., rewritten) washington, u.s. government printing office, 1904, p. 3· the instrument through which their development can be traced is the printed book catalog. in a study of the early book catalogs of harvard and yale the writer traced a series of representative catalog entries through i 50 years of parallel development in cataloging t hniques. 3 these entries were checked insofar as possible in consecutive catalogs for fullness of entry as to author's name, title, imprint and physical description. added entries (including subject entries), as well as related cross references, were also considered. the entry for plutarch's livesj for example, was traced through 66 college and society catalogs, dating from i 723 to i873· the data resulting from such :;t study give evidence to the historical evolution of cataloging theory. a definite body of principles had emerged by i876, and a demand for specific and uniform rules followed. in answer to this demand the british museum had published as early as i841, along with its catalogue of printed booksj its rules for the compilation of the catalogue.4 these rules came into print again in i 866. they continued, however, to be local in their purpose and in their application. in the meantime, in 1853, charles c. jewett, librarian of the smithsonian institution, published his report on the construction of catalogues of libraries. 5 although based on the practices in use at the smithsonian institution, this manual had the distinction of being published for the express purpose of assisting librarians in the compiling of printed catalogs. the 3 ruffin beverley. "some developments towards modern cataloging practice in university libraries as exemplified in the printed boo~ catalogs of harvard and yale before the year 1876." unpublished master's thesis, school of library service, columbia university, 1935. 4 british museum. dept. of printed books. catalogtm of printed books in the british museum. v. 1, 1841, p. v-ix. 11 jewett, charles c. on the constructiott of catalogues of libraries. 2d ed., 1853. the first edition, printed in 1852, was limited to a few copies which were distributed among those likely to suggest improvements. 228 college and research libraries science of cataloging was thus groping toward uniformity on a national scale. the complete divorce from the institutional point of view came about in r876 with the publication of cutter's rules for a printed dictionary catalog. in his preface mr. cutter presents this publication as a first attempt to investigate the principles of cataloging and to set forth the rules in a systematic way. thus our so-called theory of cataloging was born, and put into use by means of "settled rules of action." even so, the leaders in the profession for yet another quarter-century centered their major attention on the perfecting of cata oging rules and other techniques having to do with the cataloging and classification of books. these efforts culminated in rgo8 in the publication of the a.l.a.'s catalog rules. the middle period, rgo8-i94i: the technical specialist as cataloger if tpe golden age of cataloging was over by the turn of the century, what took place from that time until the beginning of the 1940's? what happened in the · first four decades of the present century? what impiications lie in the fact that this middle period was ushered in with the publishing of the first edition of the a.l.a.'s catalog rules, and that it was set for a knockout blow coincident with the appearance of the second edition of these same cataloging rules? answers to such questions can be found only if one is familiar with the characteristics of the era under discussion. what are these characteristics? attention may be called to three which are deemed to be of primary importance. . we shall note first that this middle era was a period of productivity in cataloging. bibliographical machinery for the proper cataloging of books had been set up for action by rgo8. full time specialists directed by master technicians were put to july, 7949, part i work. department heads organized the routine of their operations. card catalogs resulted: trays of cards, cabinets of trays, and acres of catalog cabinets. duplicate card catalogs appeared: official , for the use of the staff; departmental, for the convenience of seminar groups; union, to show different institutional holdings. the millions of catalog cards, which were being processed by typewriters, by varied kinds of mimeographing equipment and by printing presses, were also the sources of information for shelves of printed catalogs, indexes and bibliographies. the a.l.a.'s catalog rules had to be supplet:nented by codes for the cataloging of periodicals and for serials. codes were issued for music and for maps. l. c. classification schedules multiplied. the dewey decimal system changed its mathematical symmetry to ragged outlines resembling those of a giant amoeba. lists of subject headings also multiplied: supplements to those used at the library of congress; new editions of the same; a subject · heading list for pedagogical materials, another for chemistry, and still another for physics-all striving to keep up with the jargon of a fast moving social and academic milieu. unable to discard its obsolete parts and staggering under increased size and weight, card catalogs nevertheless have rendered a remarkable service. these catalogs, varying in size from a single tray to hundreds of cabinets; are evidence that productivity was a marked characteristic of this period. . classicism was a second characteristic of this period. it was andrew h. osborn who first applied this te.rm to cataloging. by classicism dr. osborn means that the making of card catalogs was regulated ~y a body of technical rules. simplicity in the application of these rules seemingly gave way to elaborate and highly compli229 cated technical procedures. therein lies the danger. yet it has been said that, insofar as cataloging is concerned, every rule grew out of a definite need, either brought forward by the use;s of the catalog or else inherent in the complex character of the processing machinery. be that as it may, it might well be agreed that only by adherence to uniform rules for cataloging well-defined types of materials was the mass production of catalog records made possible during those 40 years. mass production of any sort rarely takes place without sacrificing quality; it also does not cater to individual tastes or needs. it was the mass production of l.c. cards, therefore, with their apparently needless elaboration of technical detail, that brought on a storm of protest. jewett's program for a national standard had overshot the mark. as a consequence the interests of the individual institution were obscured and neglected. there were other destructive forces at work. in institutions where authority had been placed above reason, decadence had set in. · such a condition inevitably stifled the professional growth of the individual cataloger. protest against an authority based on prestige rather than on ability and sound judgment ohen took the form of inertia, with morale dropping to a low ebb. destructive elements obtaining from such situations can hardly be gauged ·solely from the evidence found on catalog cards. the results were far more detrimental in their total effect. decadence also resulted from a management which was divorced from administra. tion. by this i mean that the manager of the catalog department, i.e. the head of the department, was not in a true sense an administrative officer in the library. the h~ad of the department was a catalog librarian, not an assistant librarian. he, or she, was delegated to look inward at the cataloging processes. the welfare of the library, with its social implications, was other people's business. thus the catalog librarian's allegiance was fostered on the department rather than 3:ttached ·to the library as a whole. there was little chance to discuss library policies and less chance to act on them. there was no contact with governing officials over and above the head librarian, whose position thus took the form of a complete bottleneck between· two groups. the department head was forced to view his product from the inside. having more often than not come up from the ranks as a technician, he took on the activities of a manager without the privileges and attributes of an administrative officer. such an organizational pattern increased the dangers inherent in an age of classicism. a third major characteristic of the period from 1908 to 1941 ·was an excess of raw material. cataloging machinery could not absorb the unforeseen avalanche of material on hand to be processed. in his "memoranda on library cooperation," herbert a. kellar spoke of this material as a tidal wave which threatened to inundate the library world. 6 he noted that almost 500,000 items, excluding manuscript, were received in 1940 at the library of congress. this institution, according to a report made by lucile morsch in 1941, was cataloging at a rate of 53,000 titles a year. 7 an annual arrearage of 30,000, reported for this library at that time seems an understatement in the face of such figures. in other research libraries of the country, the situation at the library of congress was more or less duplicated. the impact resulting from such conditions affected the tempo in libraries of every sort. the crisis in cataloging had arrived. 6 kellar, herbert a. "memoranda on library cooperation," no. i (seftember 1941). washington, d.c., the library o congress, 1941. · (mimeographed.) 7 morsch, lucile. "simplified cataloging," in catalogers' and classifiers' yearbook, no. ro. chicago, american library association, 1944, p. 25-3 2'. 230 college and research libraries the renaissance in cataloging history~ i94ithus we see that at the end of four decades of intensive activity, librarians suffered their first great defeat in their effort to supply a complete catalog record for all printed materials of nationally recognized importance. whose was the blame? of the large functional groups within the profession, the catalogers, in the very wealth of their handiwork, had supplied the most concrete source of evidence for examination as to work effectiveness. with the critical eye of the profession already ferreting out case after case in which catalogers had shown a lack of judgment in the making of catalog cards, a veritable storm of protest against the rules themselves broke loose with the publication in i 94 i of the new edition of the a .l.a. catalog rules. this storm had long been gathering. indeed it was pretty well under way by i 94 i. the battle cry was sounded by dr. osborn in his description of the "crisis in cataloging,"8 and the publication of the new rules simply marks the turning point in a controversy in which catalogers caught the blame. catalogers, before and after this turning point, faced a barrage of destructive criticism largely from administrative officers · and other noncataloging librarians, few of whom acknowledged any share of responsibility for the impending crisis. not only was the cataloger as a person isolated and stigmatized, but the catalog itself was ridiculed and avoided. in the discussions which appeared in print, the inevitable foibles of classicism were exposed. the cataloger's attempts to defend his position often revealed his narrowed point of view and showed ·his curtailed powers in setting up the very cataloging policies for which he was being held responsible. more recently a phase of constructive 8 osborn, andrew d. "the crisis in cataloging." library quarterly i i :393-4ii, october i94i. july~ 1949~ part i criticism has predominated the scene. administrative and reference librarians are admitting a share of the responsibilit~ for the crisis. catalogers themselves have engaged in an analysis of their procedures in an effort to sift the wheat from the chaff. one notable effort of this type is julia pettee's article in the catalogers' and classifiers' yearbook for i945,· in which she considers the basic principles of our author catalogs. 9 here she points out instances where simplification~ rather than complexity, has been achieved. an example in case is the use of rules governing the assembling of all variants of a literary unit under the responsible personal or corporate author. miss pettee evaluates cataloging rules in order to ~stimate their worth rather than to find evidence of decay. she offers up her findings for continued use in the cataloging of books, rather than as defense machinations in a professional warfare. in the field of administration, proposals for the reorgani~ation of catalog departments have ranged from the combination of order and catalog department, now an accomplished fact in many libraries, to the complete elimination of the catalog department in libraries, with the idea of turning over the descriptive cataloging to the order department and the subject cataloging to the reference department. such radical proposals as this latter one serve at least to arouse healthy, if heated, discussions of cataloging, which we must remember has in recent years been designated the profession's number one problem. destructive criticism brought forth defense measures. constructive criticism is being translated into action. a renaissance, breaking through the bonds of classicism, has caused a resurgence of ideas which are revitalizing old techniques and creating 9 pettee, julia. "the new code: a consideration of basic principles of our author catalogs," in catalogers' and classifiers' yearbook, no. ii. chicago, american library association, i945, p. 7-i9. 231 new ones. the library of congress has taken a series of important steps which should result not only in a simplification of cataloging rules, but will insure a greater degree of good judgment in their application . . any improvements in standards made at this great cataloging center will be followed by libraries throughout the country, even as some of their not so wise practices have been followed in the past. on the other hand some institutions are breaking away from l. c. practices which are not applicable to their own situations, compromising on those common elements necessary in centralized and cooperative cataloging. many small libraries have turned to the h. w. wilson company for unit cards more nearly suited to their needs. institutional purchasing in fields of specialization, and other cooperative programs, have placed certain controls on the acquisition of library materials, even if they have not directly affected the annual increase in arrearage. the unification of order and catalog departments under a single administrative head has succeeded in eliminating certain duplication of records and in making it possible to shift personnel from one section to another according to the pressure· of work. this unification has also had some effect upon the character of materials accepted for processing. as a rule catalogers have had no control over items accepted for processing. it would seem that they would take advantage of the present situation to go on the offensive for a change. their own position in the rank and file of librarians has made them exceptionally vulnerable to attack. with arrearages accumulating on their doorsteps, no other group is in a more strategic position to secure damaging evidence concerning the admittance of items which are physically unfit and bibliographically unsound. with the unification of cataloging and order work under the charge of an assistant librarian, an administrative hierarchy, hitherto lacking, has been created. this administrative assistant-a partner in the firm, as it were-works with the librarian in the making of library policies, turning then to cataloging as one major means of furthering the objectives which he has helped to set up for the institution as a whole. since, however, this administrative assistant is responsible to the librarian for a group of administrative units , of which cataloging is one, he must work in close harmony with the head of each unit. if he is to contribute vitally to the best interests of the library, he must not only have the at~ributes of an administrator but he must also be familiar with sound theory and practice in cataloging. for much of this, he can look to the department head, who is still to be a master technician · with a knowledge of such technical organization and skills as have been developed to the present time. this head of the department will continue to supervise the work of trained catalogers who will handle the bulk of the material to be processed. conclusion the revolt which broke loose in i 94 i has also concerned itself with the training of these catalogers. indeed, the whole structure of education for librarianship is under revision. fast moving changes are seen in library school catalogs and announcements. a wealth of ideas on library education is reflected in current library literature. conferences on the subject gather in all parts of the country. at the southern conference on library education which took place in atlanta in the spring of i948 two alternative plans were considered: ( i) whether to have one basic program suitable for the education of all beginning librarians ; or ( 2) whether to have a curricul urn (continued on page 235) 232 college and research libraries devices have, however, as their common denominator the above stated demand for removal. and it is this demand for removal that finally throws out, as impracticable, all mechanical methods .of catalog card searching. let's take a specific example. . you as a reference librarian are asked to ascertain if your library possesses a copy of pennsylvania genera of permian brachiopoda by one william selzer. which process for the answering of this question is the easier one? to do what you do now, i.e. to go to your ten million card catalog and to look in it, under the author entry, "selzer, william," for a title beginning "pennsylvania genera?" or to resort to a mechanical searching process, which means to take all of your catalog's ten million cards out of their ten thousand catalog drawers and to run them through a mechanical sorting machine (then putting them back into their drawers again) until finally the machine come& to that one "william selzer" card that you are looking for, and is automatically thrown out for your inspection? the answer is obvious. not so obvious at first glance, however, are a host of additional collateral difficulties. • we must remember for one thing that a large library catalog is usually servicing not one card searcher but a dozen--or a hundred-searchers simultaneously. if each one of these hundred searchers is to be mechanically served, it is clear that not one but a hundred sorting machines are going to be required, working simultaneously to find for each patron the single card--or the two or three cards--that each one wants. but for each patron (with ten million cards to be gone through) the automatic searching process is clearly going to be a matter of hours, taking the handling time of dozens of library attendants, and creating an enormous confusion of cards and files simultaneously going through the machine searching routine. finally, fifth, what of the physical wear and tear on your cards if they are going to be run constantly through these sorting machines? obviously this runmng through is going to involve a certain amount of card erosion. all · of which would seem to sum up to this: that mechanical card filing applied to library card catalogs sounds appealing, but as yet cannot be deemed a practicable proposition . national program in cataloging (continued from page 232) for each type of librarianship-school, public and college or university. 10 insofar as cataloging is concerned, are there not lessons to be learned from the past? since jewett's time have we not got rather far away from the institutional point of view? in the brief account here presented of certain phases of cataloging history, we have learned that the institutional point of view 10 "southeastern conference on library education, february 29-march 6, 1948." atlanta, ga., southeastern library association, 1948, p. 4. july~ 1949~ part i prevailed in the pioneer period of cataloging history, that it steadily lost ground after 1876, and that since 1908 it has been overwhelmed by a national pattern in card production--a pattern which has been actually detrimental to the welfare of some institutions. in the present renaissance in cataloging history, we hope that the cataloging interests of all types of libraries will find an adequate niche in a sound national program. 235 college and research libraries by susan m. haskins something new in cataloging miss haskins is head cataloger at the harvard college library. this paper was read at the conference of new england college libraries at wellesley college~ june 10~ 1944. i n recent years much emphasis has been placed upon the cost of cataloging, with the result that catalog departments have become acutely aware of the problem and are always on the alert for new economies. how often an administrator will ask the question: how much does it cost you to catalog a book? or how many books can a cataloger do in a day? margaret mann, in discussing the subject, says: "this question of cost belongs ultimately to the chief librarian, . but the economies ·should be the concern and responsibility of the head of the catalog department who shoul,d constantly study ways and means for simplifying routines and records without impairing the service."1 in considering costs and economies in cataloging there are several factors which must be considered. the following are those which are especially significant at the present time at harvard college and which are causing a reconsideration of methods of work. first of all, there is the competition for the time and services . of the · cataloger. material is constantly pouring into the library in the form of monographs, serials, and documents -received by purchase, gift, or exchange--all · of which has to be 1 mann, margaret. introduction to cataloging and the classification of books. 2d ed. (library curriculum studies) chicago, american library association, 1943, p. 249· . 291 handled by the catalog department. unless the work is carefully organized, the department may become a bottleneck through which the work passes in an unsystematic fashion. as the material comes in, decisions have to be made as . to what is to be handled · promptly, what classes are to receive precedence, and what may be postponed for some time. some types of work are regularly competing ·for first place. the order department cries· to have the purchased. books sent along rapidly because its files are clogging up; or someone has asked if a certain title is · on order, only to find that the book was receiv:ed some time ago· but that there is no record of it in the catalog. certain books come through to be cataloged in haste. these may have been ordered for an individual or for some· course. in either case the cataloger drops whatever she is doing and sends the books through as rapidly as possible. but it is not the time of just one person which is thus interruptedit is the time of several all along the line through whose hands the books must pass. similarly, the library of congress requests cooperative cataloging for a large number of the current titles received:. in addition to taking at ~east the' full time of one c~taloger; this form of cataloging slows up the routine for these particular books because · more detailed work is required for them. again, special requests for service come to the catalog department from var.ious sources and vie with each other for priorities. the reference department has made contacts with an enthusiastic donor and asks that precedence be given to his gifts, in order to please him by getting them on the shelves promptly or in order that photographs may be taken of them for a newspaper article. too much cannot be done to remain on the good side of this friend of the library and keep him interested. or, a special collection is given to the library, and the request is made that it be cataloged by a certain date in the near future. the material may be of such a nature that there will be little or no call for it, but the catalog department must organize its work in order to put it through in the specified time. there is also the instance in which a professor is placed in charge of a new special library and is anxious to put the collection into working order as soon as possible; or in which another special library is in need of reorganization. the responsibility for the work falls upon the catalog department. in addition to all th~ above are the many little duties which are an accepted part of a cataloger's life but which prevent full time being given to putting books through. these consist of answering reference questions, searching for titles in process, conducting tours of the library for new staff members or guests, training new people, interviewing applicants, and so on. space a second factor in considering costs and economies is the question of space. dr. osborn, in his paper on "the crisis in cataloging," says: "far too little attention has been given in library literature to the organization of catalog departments, while in actual practice physical conditions have controlled matters to an undesirable extent."2 how many catalog departments have the space necessary for systematic handling of the material? at harvard 2 osborn, andrew d. "the crisis in cataloging." library quarterly 11 : 40 s, october 1941. there are now adequate accommodations for the staff and a liberal amount of working space, but difficulties still arise when a large quantity of material suddenly arrives. shortage of space complicates the method of handling large collections of books and often necessitates shifting them several times before they are finally disposed of. in addition, crowded conditions have a bad effect on the morale of the cataloger. m eihods of work methods of organizing the material are a third determining factor in considering the question of costs. in most libraries books are cataloged in a piecemeal fashion; that is, each book is considered individually, as it comes up, from the autho.r and title approach and often from the subject approach. there is little system possible in this method of working. those books which cannot be handled in a day are set aside until finally a large accumulation results. then the question arises as to the best way of ~orking this off. some libraries attempt to tackle it on a chronological basis by cataloging the books in the order of receipt, but this still means working by the piecemeal method. · organization of w o~k the last factor is the plan, common in catalog departments, of organizing from the subject point of view. this has much in its favor, but, according to the experience of several large libraries which have attempted to work out cost figures, it is the descriptive cataloging which is the more costly. therefore, does it seem logical to plan the organization on a basis that favors the less expensive side of the work, namely, subject cataloging? in march 1942 the harvard catalog department moved into new quarters made possible by the building of the houghton library for the housing of the rare books. 292 college and research libraries up to that time the department was organized by subject. there were many advantages in this organization, but it was very difficult to control the flow of work. one person would be swamped with work while another would he looking around for something to do, all depending upon the subjects with which each was working. taking advantage of the shift and of more space, the department 'was reorganized on the basis of two groups-the one to handle material that can move along rapidly, such as titles for which library ~f congress cards are available, nonfiction which presents no difficulties, fiction, other editions, second copies, and books which may be sent directly to the new england deposit library; the other group to handle the more difficult material involving research problems, out-of-the-way languages, and so on. this second group is organized on the traditional subject and language basis. in such an organization the flow of work can be better controlled-the difficult books do not slow up the work on the easier books and the quantity of easy books does not prevent working on those requiring research. cataloging drives however, during the last two years, material poured in at such a rate that it was impossible to keep up with it, and finally all available space for storing it was filled. most of it was acquired by the library through large-lot purchases. with the realization that this accumulation must be worked off before the end of the war, when there would be an influx of material from europe, the first cataloging drive was organized in march 1943· . a period of "total cataloging" ' was declared for nine weeks. all members of the department who could possibly be spared were drafted for either full or part time. this meant that the efforts of the entire department were concentrated on cataloging alone and that the september, 1945 variety of noncataloging duties which occupy so much of a cataloger's .time were eliminated or suspended as far as possible. four full-time people were delegated to handle the newly-purchased books al)d the cooperative cataloging. the total number of professional people taking part in the drive proper totaled eighteep. they were divided into several groups for literature, nonliterature, and deposit library books. serials, documents, and pamphlets were not treated. there was no arrangement of the titles within the groups; the cataloging was on the piecemeal basis. in this period of nine weeks, 19,858 titles and 22,183 volumes were put through. this represents an average of 367 titles cataloged per day or 25 titles per cataloger per day. 3 just a year later working space was again filled to overflowing and .the stacks were being used to store the thousands of books which had been acquired by the library. another drive was inevitable. from f experience gained in the first, it was realized that better preliminary arrangement of the material was necessary. this would result in less duplication and more systematic cataloging. therefore, it was decided to arrange all the books alphabetically before starting to catalog them. since there was not room enough to alphabetize all the books at once, the drive was divided into two parts: the first, on books for the deposit library only; the second, on books for the stacks. in april i 944 all available catalogers (seventeen, of whom nine were full time) were again drafted, but only for a two weeks' period. this time just two groups were formed, one for literature and the other for nonliterature. no current work was done during this period, 3 a few words of explanation should be made concernin g catalo gin g as it is done at harvard. this term covers only the actual descriptive and subject catalo ging. all clerical processes, such as preliminary s earching, typing, s helflisting, filin g, etc., are quite separate and distinct from the work of the catalogers. 293 with · the exception of haste ·books and cooperative cataloging. for each group the books were arranged alphabetically, with the result that many titles by a single author could be cataloged at one time. the final figures for this drive were 13,001 titles and 13,729 volumes. when broken down, .these figures show that for this class of material a daily average of i ,083 titles was achieved, or 83 titles per cataloger per day. the books were sent along daily, by the hundreds, for the end processes of classification, stamping, and tagging. it was an impressive sight to see them come pouring in and at the same time to watch them being packed into boxes and shipped right out to the deposit library. the fact that so many volumes were handled in two weeks is due in large part to the simplified cataloging which is used for the deposit library books. ~ince there is expected to be little call for the books sent to the deposit library, detailed description is not considered necessary and, therefore, a simplified method of cataloging them has been worked out. the principal difference is the omission of the en tire collation with the exception of the volume statement. this single factor saves an immense amount of time. the transcription of the title is the same as for books in the stacks, but little or no time is given to establishing full names of authors, dates of _publication, and so on. a minimum of research is spe'nt on determining the authorship of anonymous books and on other bibliographical points. only those notes ·are given which are essential in identifying a book in ordinary searching. there is no classification by subject; the books are arranged by size and are assigned running numbers within designated size groups. having thus disposed of thirteen thousand volumes, enough space was now available to arrange the rest of the books which were to be cataloged for the stacks. in june a third drive was held, over a period of two and one half weeks, but this time was interrupted by a holiday and irregular hours. the same organization was followed as for the previous drive, but since these books were for the stacks, more detailed cataloging was required and subject classification was necessary. during the drive descriptive cataloging and subject heading were done for all titles and classification for those titles to which notations could readily be assigned. the only titles which were · completely put tqrough, that is, shelflisted and sent to the stacks, were those falling in english and american literature. the rest were arranged by broad classes and were actually classified as soon as possible after the drive. in this way 7,848 titles and 8,342 volumes were cataloged, or 504 titles per day, each ~ataloger averaging 55 per day. new ideas on organizatiqn of work the amount of work accomplished by means of these drives has led to the d~­ velopment of new methods of organizing the current work. broadly speaking, the material coming into the library seems to fall into three classes, each of which can be treated in a particular way. as dr. madan a former librarian of the bod-, lei an has said : "we have learnt not ·to , regard books in a library as all equal in appearance and all to be treated alike, as if they were a rank of drilled soldiers. the lesser books must stand back, and the b b h . . "4 greater e roug t mto prommence. the first class consists of those purchased and gift books which should be put through as promptly as possible. these have to be handled on the piecemeal basis, because they cannot be allowed to accl_lmulate. from figures kept two years ago it 4 as quoted in sharp, ;ejen~y a!exander. cataloguing; a textbook for use tn ltbranes. 2d ed., rev. and enl. london, grafton & co., 1937, p. 163. 294 college and research libraries i is estimated that. a cataloger at harvard averages about sixteen books a day for this type of material. this is an expensive method, but for this class it is unavoidable. economies in catalogip.g these books will have to be worked out along the lines of simplification of records and routines rather than in the basic method of organization. cooperative cataloging naturally falls here, but the same figures do not apply since more detailed work is required by the library of congress. gifts · and purchases for which there is no pressure make up the second group of material currently coming into the library. if carefully selected, there is no reason why this class of books should not be allowed to accumulate for a short time. the period would naturally be determined by local conditions. at harvard space is the chief factor which has to be considered. since it is known, from experience on the drives, approximately how many books can be put through in a week, the plan suggests itself to all~w the books to accumulate until that number is reached. a week's drive can then be organized to send the material along. during this period the books should be arranged alphabetically, in order that any title may be easily located upon request. they are then ready for systematic and economical handling when the time comes. it was this kind of material which was cataloged' in the last drive. the books which are kept for historical or bibliographical interest, but for which we expect there will be little call, make up the third and last type. to this class belong the books which harvard sends to the deposit library. they are selected chiefly from incoming gifts and large-lot purchases, although occasionally an individually bought book may be included. there is no harm in accumulating such material indefinitely, but here again the length of the period is necessarily determined by the september~ 1945 space which is ,available. eventually these books also should be arranged alphabetically before they are worked on, but there is little likelihood of having to search for a particular title during the period of accumulation. interpretation of the figures before summarizing the results of the cataloging done at harvard on the three classes of material, several words ofcaution must ~e used. as with virtually all library statistics, the figures ·have no value apart from the set of local circumstances that applied at the time the work was done. to interpret the harvard data a variety of factors must be considered: the quality and experience of the catalogers involved, the benefits that come from the system of preliminary cataloging, 5 the amount of time spent on establishing names and dates, etc. moreover, it is not to be expected that the same figures would necessa~ily hold in future work of this kind at harvard. what can be said is that approximately 50 per cent more work can be done on books handled on a piecemeal basis if. conditions of "total cataloging" exist; approximately three times as many books as normally can be cataloged under similar conditions if the books are arranged alphabetically for the benefit of the descriptive cataloger; and approximately five times as many class iii books can be cataloged as other books. in addition it must be stated that these averages hold only for concentrated work during a short period and could not be maintained over any extended length of time. class i material (consisting of books to be cafaloged promptly) is handled piecemeal, and for this class it is estimated that a harvard cataloger can average 16 titles 11 this system is described in currier, thomas franklin. "preliminary cataloging." · colleg~ and research libraries i: 235-40, june 1940. 295 per day. · in the first drive the books were cataloged on the same basis by the equivalent of fourteen and one-half full-time catalogers. each averaged 25 titles a day, making a daily total average for the group of 367. class ii (consisting of gifts and purchases for which . there is no pressure) was cataloged in the third drive by the equivalent of eleven full-time catalogers, each averaging 55 titles a day, with a daily total of 504. class i i i (consisting of books for the deposit library) was cataloged in the second drive by thirteen full-time catalogers, with a daily average of 83 titles apiece and a total of 1 ,083. for this class simplified cataloging is used. therefore, if asked how many books a cataloger can do in a day, the following answer might be given: for class i, normally sixteen, and on a drive, twenty-five; for class ii, fifty-five; and for class iii, eighty-three. it is also interesting to note that in one month the descriptive and subject cataloging was done for half as many titles as the total production for the year. for the sake of emphasis, let it be repeated here that these figures have value only for crystallizing thinking about various cataloging procedures. they have no intrinsic value; they have no value for any other library. in other words, they are not norms. conclusions there are certain conclusions which have been drawn, based on experience from these cataloging drives. 1. if the work is organized into the three classes just mentioned, adequate working space must be provided. it takes plenty of room (just as it needs an adequate staff) to arrange thousands of books alphabetically, but the resulting economy when they are finally put through should warrant the provision of both. 2. on the basis of such an organization, the number of factors competing for the cataloger's time will be reduced and the sense of pressure will be greatly lessened. other departments in the library will be notified that the catalog department is organizing its · work in this way, so there should then be no misunderstanding or criticism when the material is allowed to accumulate. the department. will always be ready to change a book from one class to another if the treatment of a certain title is questioned. 3· an alphabetical arrangement of an accumulation of books results in economical and systematic cataloging. if the · material comes in, in large lots, it will be advantageous to alphabetize the books before they are searched. ordinarily, however, they will be arranged as they are added to the accumulation. in the end a second rapid sorting may weed out duplicates and allow a redistribution of some of the titles. when they are put through, it takes much less time to catalog six books by one author at one time than to handle the titles separately six different times. in this connection also, the new library of congress printed catalog provides a distinct advantage. during the drives the catalogers were able to take the volumes to their desks and make the greatest use of the bibliographical information · contained there. the books of a number of authors could be worked on from just one volume of the printed catalog. · 4· the drives should be organized for short periods of time and held more frequently. this was very apparent from the figures of the first drive, which continued for nine weeks. the maximum production was reached in the sixth week, after which there was a decided slump, showing that the staff was tired. 5. as a mark of appreciation and for the welfare of the staff, it would seem proper to grant some time off after such concentrated work. the major interest in these drives and in the ideas for organization that have resulted from them is not only the saving in cost, which would naturally follow a more systematic treatment of the work, but also the opportunity which may be afforded for {continued on page 321) 296 college and research libraries functionary was supposed to cute "many of the librarian's headaches while occupying, from the library school's point of view, an especially attractive past-a post in which to place promising young men who, understandably, wanted to become librarians by short-cutting the generally accepted methods. in some cases this worked out, and is still working out, in a manner satisfactory to all concerned, but the idea has never progressed beyond the trend stage. it is possible that the number of actual appointments of readers ' division chiefs may re~ main a mere trend and never reach · the proportions of a movement. however, the two positions are not analogous because of the potential markets. the most casual consideration of the placement possibilities for the post of assistant to the librarian shows the demand circumscribed by the number of very large libraries-the only ones that can afford to carry the extra cost of a relatively highsalaried staff member whose duties will be, at best, policy interpretation of a high degree. but in the case of the readers' division chief, the potential market may be said to include every college and university something new in: cataloging (continued from page 296) doing the many things a catalog department always wants to do but for which it never has the time. if several drives of a week's duration are planned, the bulk of the work for the year will be compressed into about two months. this should mean that during the remainder of the year the cataloger will september~ 1945 library where it is recognized that a close relationship between the faculty and st'!,ff is desirable and is worth paying for and where it is also recognized that the librarian himself cannot find time to act as a complete liaison officer. small libraries should and will depend upon the librarian and the department heads. some of the larger libraries will want to employ a sort of supercirculation chief or superreference chief. in such cases the supercirculation or superreference chief will, in many instances, be a readers' services chief with merely another title. except as one of the already heavily stressed accouterments for entree, the actual title of assistant librarian in charge of readers' services is not advocated here because of any inherent magical quality in the combinatio·n of words. other and better solutions will undoubtedly present themselves or be discovered later for a proper medium of readers' service coordination and library-faculty cooperation, but for the time being, in college and university libraries, the authors suggest unification of readers' service under a readers' division chief. · ·not be under pressure and will be free to work on a number of matters which normally have to be set to ofl:e side waiting for a better day which never seems to come. this will provide a variety and interest in the cataloger's program which is now often lacking. 321 reviews 288 college & research libraries may 1998 proposal: the best way to do content de­ scription would be to describe informa­ tive potentials. in that form, it clearly par­ allels the proposal, which has been around for years, to describe content by predicting subjective utilities of docu­ ments (which the author oddly does not discuss, though it obviously provides another striking case of subjectivism to be opposed by methodological collectiv­ ism.) in that form, of course, it is subject to the objection that prediction of future epistemological or informative potentials is bound to be excruciatingly difficult, made all the more so by the author’s in­ sistence on long-range as opposed to short-range utilities (he rejects “short­ term pragmatism,” which he blames on william james). and it is oddly optimis­ tic to suppose that many documents now produced actually have any future util­ ity or informational value for solving fu­ ture scientific problems. so hjørland’s proposal faces very serious challenges. despite this, however, it is a major pro­ posal, an addition to the small repertory of serious alternative approaches to con­ tent description, and deserves to be re­ flected on and worked over carefully by others. some of the other proposals, such as the advocacy of domain analysis, are less controversial. every good subject special­ ist in a research library practices an in­ formal kind of domain analysis simply by accumulating knowledge of the bibli­ ography of a field, of its literature patterns and types, its intellectual leaders and cen­ ters of activity, and the like. many of hjørland’s proposals will sound intu­ itively plausible to the subject specialist. the emphasis on the philosophically pragmatic foundation of the proposals probably will seem attractive as well; ac­ tivity theory is not described in enough detail to provide really solid backing, and in effect is treated as a russian version of john dewey’s approach. the whole di­ rection of this work will make sense to those familiar with the literature on the sociology of knowledge and, in particu­ lar, the sociology of scientific knowledge and of social epistemology. however, a big question remains. hjørland starts by proposing that infor­ mation seeking is the key problem for in­ formation science but then concentrates exclusively on literature searching by re­ search workers. what about information seeking by others? what about informa­ tion seeking that does not take the form of literature search? as one works through this book, it appears that the au­ thor really does think that information science has as its subject matter prima­ rily, or exclusively, the research use of lit­ erature. the study of information use by others is apparently to be left to others— for example, students of the mass media. this seems a quite unnecessary limitation on the scope of information science, for which the author presents no convincing argument. we should ignore this limita­ tion, but we should welcome method­ ological collectivism and apply it widely to the study of knowledge and of infor­ mation production, distribution, and uti­ lization.—patrick wilson, university of california-berkeley. outsourcing library technical services op­ erations: practices in academic, public, and special libraries. eds. karen a. wil­ son and marylou colver. chicago: ala, 1997. 239p. $38 ($34.20 ala members) (isbn 0-8389-0703-2). lc 97-22901. published by ala, this volume was is­ sued under the sponsorship of the asso­ ciation for library collections and tech­ nical services’s commercial technical services committee whose members in 1995 “. . . were aware of the lack of pub­ lished case studies on technical services outsourcing in the 1990s. . . . this book was conceived to provide readers with greater insight on the managerial aspects of outsourcing, based on a variety of suc­ cessful experiences in different kinds of library settings.” the introduction and book reviews 289 various chapters within the work remind us that outsourcing is not a new concept; shelf-ready book services have existed since the 1950s and blanket order plans have been in widespread use since the 1960s. the preface states that the recent interest “. . . is evidenced by the fact that over 90 articles on various aspects of tech­ nical services outsourcing appeared in li­ brary literature from 1993 to mid-1996, preceded by almost no information on this activity during the two previous de­ cades.” nowhere is mention made that the outpouring of current literature fol­ lowed wright state university’s decision to outsource its entire cataloging opera­ tion. although this is not a flaw per se, failure to mention the controversy that surrounds outsourcing within the profes­ sion ignores important context. despite its subtitle, the bulk of the work, eleven of sixteen chapters, is com­ posed of reports from academic libraries. three chapters describe public library ventures, and two discuss cases from spe­ cial libraries. the nature and scope of the projects described are as eclectic as the institutions from which they emanate, although the majority are concerned with the outsourcing of cataloging and cata­ loging-related activity. the smallest op­ eration reported on was that of central oregon community college library, where the fewer than fifty items per year that require original cataloging are outsourced. claremont colleges have outsourced the copy cataloging of ap­ proval books from yankee book peddler to oclc techpro since 1994; and the uni­ versity of arizona began to outsource the copy cataloging, item record creation, and physical processing of its approval books from blackwell north america in 1996. north of the border, the university of alberta has outsourced the cataloging and physical processing of most newly acquired monographs since 1995, whereas the university of manitoba started to outsource copy cataloging and the physical processing of monographs in 1994 and expanded its contract to in­ clude original cataloging in 1996. both of the canadian schools employ ism/lts (information systems management/li­ brary technical services). the university of california-santa barbara and emory university used outsourcing for retro­ spective authority control and continue to use it for current authority control. florida atlantic university has used oclc techpro to catalog music scores and foreign language materials which otherwise would have remained in a backlog. the fort worth public library uses five different vendors for its various outsourcing operations. outsourced ac­ tivities include copy cataloging and physical processing as well as selection, cataloging, and physical processing for all best-sellers and children’s books. the houston public library outsources physi­ cal processing, copy cataloging, and au­ thority control. baker & taylor, inc., has supplied shelf-ready books for three new branches (each with collections of around 35,000 volumes) of the albuquerque/ bernalillo county public library system. an interesting exception to the case studies on cataloging was the description of the outsourcing of document delivery and table of contents service by stanford university’s graduate school of business library. also of interest were two reports from institutions that chose alternatives to outsourcing. at the university of ne­ braska-lincoln, staff were given the op­ tion to be hired for overtime work to pro­ cess a special collection. the indiana his­ torical society hired a retired employee for part-time work instead of outsourcing a job. in both instances, the projects were finite and the use of staff who were fa­ miliar with institutional procedures was judged to be advantageous. certain common themes emerged in the case studies reported. the most fre­ quent reason stated for outsourcing was the need to maintain or expand services with no increase in monies. several writers 290 college & research libraries may 1998 mentioned that staff were reassigned from technical to public service positions as a result of outsourcing. everyone indi­ cated the need for careful planning in ad­ vance and for periodic evaluations. in gauging the success of outsourced work, several authors granted that no figures existed for making certain comparisons. a surprising number of institutions lack data on cataloging error rates, turnaround time from order to shelf for new acquisi­ tions, and so on. more appendices outlining contract specifications would have strengthened the case studies and provided potential assistance to those who are anticipating the outsourcing of some operations. the book was intended to present case stud­ ies of successful outsourcing, however; and this purpose was fulfilled. the text proper is followed by an annotated bibli­ ography. included are almost 125 citations to materials that present both the nega­ tive and positive aspects of outsourcing. anyone with an interest in the subject will find this work a useful addition to the literature.—james w. williams, university of illinois-urbana. radway, janice a. a feeling for books: the book-of-the-month club, literary taste, and middle-class desire. chapel hill: univ. of north carolina pr., 1997. 424p. alk. paper, $29.95 (isbn 0-8078-2357-0). lc 96-52037. janice a. radways’s first book, reading the romance: women, patriarchy, and popu­ lar literature, dared to take seriously one of the most despised genres of mass fic­ tion and to listen to the voices of real read­ ers. those were the days when popular culture was still unmentionable in many english departments. in this new project, radway tackles a tamer, but more am­ biguous, subject: the book of the month club and the middlebrow culture it both reflected and promoted. she seems deter­ mined to repeat her earlier triumphant vindication of reading matter scorned by highbrow critics. but times have changed since 1984. attacking the modernist canon, validating the reader’s desires, in­ terpreting the economic, social, and psy­ chological meanings of cultural texts—all this is old hat today. radway acknowl­ edges her uncertainty about what she herself describes as a work of self-discov­ ery whose focus “oscillates continually between critique and appreciation.” a feeling for books consists of three sec­ tions, each with a distinctive subject mat­ ter and methodology. it begins with a field study of the book of the month club or­ ganization that radway undertook in 1985 as part of an “ethnographic” study of reading. she recounts her impressions of the club’s editors as they responded to a takeover by time incorporated. the sec­ ond and longest section uses a more de­ tached, scholarly approach to survey the history of publishing in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the rise of the book of the month club, and responses to it. in conclusion, radway offers per­ sonal interpretations of several club titles she read as a fourteen year old: marjorie morningstar; gods, graves, and scholars; and to kill a mockingbird. when the well-read advertising man harry scherman launched the book of the month club in 1926, he knew exactly what he was doing. he applied modern techniques of marketing and distribution to bookselling to “sell new books as an identifiable category with recognizable uses for potential buyers.” the books were selected by a carefully chosen panel of judges who were presented as both experts and generalists. the ingenious “negative option,” which allowed read­ ers to reject a book, enabled the club to maintain an illusion of freedom and in­ dividuality. (the irrepressible scherman described readers’ rejection of a chosen title thus: “the country didn’t want the heart of emerson’s journals; they didn’t want any part of emerson’s journals.”) the number of subscribers quickly stabi­ lized at a million. by the 1950s, the club had become a cultural icon, subject of an issn: 2474-3542 journal homepage: http://journal.calaijol.org automating cataloging workflow of library traditional materials elaine dong abstract: this paper describes the author’s experience with automating and streamlining cataloging workflows of traditional materials at the florida international university libraries using a combination of various cataloging tools, including marcedit, a local batch loading tool genload, as well as oclc services including worldcat updates service, oclc connexion’s batch process searches and local file manager. the paper addresses the old cataloging processes of these traditional materials, the developing process of new workflows and their impacts, and concludes with lessons learned and success factors. the new workflows have improved work efficiency and metadata control. the hope is that this paper will be of interest to libraries desiring to automate their cataloging workflow of traditional materials. to cite this article: dong, e. (2021). automating cataloging workflow of library traditional materials. international journal of librarianship, 6(1), 73-88. https://doi.org/10.23974/ijol.2021.vol6.1.183 to submit your article to this journal: go to https://ojs.calaijol.org/index.php/ijol/about/submissions https://ojs.calaijol.org/index.php/ijol/about/submissions international journal of librarianship, 6(1), 73-88. issn: 2474-3542 automating cataloging workflow of library traditional materials elaine dong florida international university, fl, usa abstract this paper describes the author’s experience with automating and streamlining cataloging workflows of traditional materials at the florida international university libraries using a combination of various cataloging tools, including marcedit, a local batch loading tool genload, as well as oclc services including worldcat updates service, oclc connexion’s batch process searches and local file manager. the paper addresses the old cataloging processes of these traditional materials, the developing process of new workflows and their impacts, and concludes with lessons learned and success factors. the new workflows have improved work efficiency and metadata control. the hope is that this paper will be of interest to libraries desiring to automate their cataloging workflow of traditional materials. keywords: batch cataloging, batch processing, batch searching, batch loading, traditional materials introduction over the last decade, cataloging departments in academic libraries have seen many challenges, especially during difficult economic times. the budget and staff size have been reduced while workload remains the same or is increasing; simultaneously, cataloging staff are expected to keep up with new technology and emerging areas of focus. facing these challenges, cataloging staff in academic libraries have explored ways to streamline cataloging workflows of traditional materials through batch processing using oclc services and other tools. barbara anderson described her experience of using the worldcat updates service and load services of the alma library system to batch process and batch upgrade the local bibliographic (bib) records that have oclc numbers in the institutional zone at virginia commonwealth university (2015). similarly, grace riordan and corinna m. baksik used the worldcat updates service to batch process and enhance their book records in the local catalog at harvard library (2017). nancy lorimer described a project that uses oclc connexion’s batch-processing utility to batch search oclc records of 78 rpm sound recordings, and batch loaded the matching oclc records using some locally developed program (2012). jean harden discussed how to expedite the cataloging of similar items, such as a large stack of piano etudes, using oclc connexion’s batch-processing utility to batch search oclc records for the library items, using microsoft access to enter data for the items without oclc records, and then processing it through marcedit and importing it into connexion to create original https://wiki.harvard.edu/confluence/display/~13284 https://wiki.harvard.edu/confluence/display/~2163 dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 74 records for those items (2017). in order to enhance the records of the main circulating collection by batch adding contents notes and library of congress classification numbers, buswell memorial library at wheaton college used marcedit’s z39.50 client, batch searching service in oclc connexion, and the bulk import function in the local catalog (strickler, 2017). most recently, rebecca b. french developed a method to batch catalog a jazz lp collection using the connexion batch searching service, local save file manager, and microsoft access at james madison university (2020). at florida international university (fiu) libraries, most of the library’s traditional materials were cataloged individually, and a backlog was developed due to the complex process of traditional cataloging. the author of this paper has batch loaded marc records of e-resources into the local catalog using a locally developed batch loading tool called genload1 at the fiu libraries for many years. the batch loading process helps provide timely access to the increasing amounts and variety of e-resources. in order to eliminate the backlog of the traditional materials waiting to be cataloged and to improve work efficiency, the author investigated various ways of using the batch loading process with other cataloging tools to expedite the cataloging process of some traditional materials, including two print approval collections and one music collection. for one print approval collection, worldcat updates service2 was used to collect upgraded oclc master records and then genload was used to batch load the upgraded records into the local catalog. for the other print approval collection and the classical music collection, oclc connexion’s batch process searches and local file manager3 were used to batch search oclc records for library copies and editing records. marcedit4 was used to batch retrieve oclc master records and then genload was used to batch load the upgraded records into the local catalog. the new workflows have largely improved cataloging efficiency and metadata quality. background the fiu libraries migrated from northwestern online total integrated system (notis)5 to the aleph integrated library system6 in 2006. in june 2012 the fiu libraries’ catalog was merged into the shared bib (sb), a consortium library catalog consisting of shared records of 12 state university libraries (suls) in florida. since then, the fiu libraries has followed the cooperative principle of sharing and maintaining bib records among the member suls: before bringing in new records to the sb, library staff from the suls searches the sb to ensure duplicate bib records are not generated; if a bib record already exists for the searched title, the staff adds the institutional holdings and item record to the bib record. currently, there are three ways to add records into the sb: the first is to catalog the item individually, either through original cataloging by creating an original oclc record and exporting it into the sb or through copy cataloging – finding a pre-existing oclc record, editing it if necessary, and exporting it into the sb. the second method is to batch load marc records through genload, a batch loading program created by the florida center for library automation (fcla),7 the predecessor of the florida academic library services cooperative (falsc);8 and the third way is to batch load brief vendor acquisition records with orders through aleph advanced generic record loader (p-file 90).9 the green library, the main library of the fiu libraries, received the majority of new print books through approval plans: specifically, the ybp approval plan (contract with yankee dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 75 book peddler, inc. (ybp) library services for u.s. and u.k. publishers), and latin american and caribbean collections (lac) approval plans covering publications from caribbean and latin american countries. the green library also purchases physical audiovisual materials such as lps, cds, and dvds to support curricular and research needs. in the past, most of these traditional materials were cataloged individually, and a backlog was developed due to the complex processes of traditional individual cataloging. cataloging staff were overwhelmed and stretched thin with the additional workload of dealing with increasing amounts of e-resources and other tasks. automate cataloging workflows of traditional materials in order to eliminate the backlog of these traditional materials and improve work efficiency, the author investigated various services and tools in order to automate and streamline the cataloging workflows of the following three collections: ybp print approval books, latin american and caribbean collections (lac) print approval books, and a classical music lp collection. below, the author describes the old cataloging process, new workflow, and its impact for each collection. fiu green library received weekly shipments of new print books through the ybp approval plan (about 10,000 titles per year, majority of them are published in english) until 2018 when the plan was migrated to an ebooks patron-driven acquisitions (pda) plan. old process (before april 2015) prior to june 2007, ybp print approval books were cataloged individually in-house and cataloging staff did all the physical processing. in june 2007, the green library added shelf-ready services to their contract with ybp library services. this new service included physical processing of the books (new books come in with property stamps, magnetic strips, barcodes, and spine labels already attached), and marc records of the new books through oclc promptcat service,10 so they can be batch loaded to the library catalog. our initial reviews found errors in many marc records; therefore, in order to maintain high quality metadata and assure accurate access, from june 2007 to april 2015, the cataloging department adopted the following workflow for ybp approval books: after receiving books and their marc records, genload was used to sort out dlc records (dlc records are created by the library of congress and regarded as top quality records that do not need further review), and then batch loaded these dlc records into the library catalog by genload. these books (about 4,000 books, 40% of total) were sent directly to circulation to be shelved. for the remaining books (about 6,000 books, 60% of the total), their marc records were batch loaded to the library catalog using a different genload loading profile which generates fiu holdings and items with a status of incomplete cataloging. the online public access catalog (opac) displays these books as “in process.” these books stayed in the cataloging department until they were examined and upgraded individually. at the beginning of 2015, there was a backlog of several thousand physically processed ybp books sitting in the cataloging department, and several hundred associated names and series waiting to be established. dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 76 developing new processes (february – april 2015) in order to get the backlog under control, the ybp approval process task force as well as the authority work task force, both composed of the cataloging department head and several department staff members, were formed in early 2015 to find more efficient ways of processing these books. for the ybp approval process, we decided to use the worldcat updates service to collect upgraded full-level11 oclc master records, and then use genload to batch load the fulllevel oclc records into the sb, which would replace the individual upgrading process of the old workflow. for the authority work, since most of full-level oclc master records include established headings backed by complete authority work, we decided to rely on the above upgrading process for authority control and stop doing individual authority work on ybp print approval books, allowing us to focus our individual authority work on non-english language materials, special collections, and other unique collections. the worldcat updates service is now a part of worldshare collection manager,12 and can be set up to receive updated records when selected oclc master records matching specified criteria (in fiu’s case, ybp approval promptcat records) are enhanced. in worldshare collection manager, the author created a query collection ybp15for the fiu ybp approval books and set up the collection selection criteria (figure 1). the query collection automatically harvests oclc records that meet the following criteria: li (library): fxg (the symbol of fiu green library) and vn (vendor): ybp and yr (publication year): 2015..9999 (published since 2015) and mt (material type): bks (books) not mt (material type): elc (electronic resources). in other words, the collection hosts oclc records that: a) have fiu green library’s holdings; b) created or ordered by ybp (oclc records have marc 938 field indicating vendor records of ybp); c) published since 2015; and d) material type is book, but not electronic resources. figure 1. query collection ybp15and selection criteria dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 77 for the query collection, it was set up to receive upgraded records biweekly when the oclc master records met either one of the following conditions (figure 2): • encoding levels (elvl) changed to full-level, indicated by elvl=blank, i, 1, or l • marc 830 field changes (indicating series authority record is established or modified) figure 2. worldcat updates service update conditions after receiving the upgraded full-level oclc marc records from the worldcat updates service, the next step is to load these oclc records by genload to batch update existing sb records. for this purpose, a genload profile was created and set to match the oclc marc records with the sb records by oclc number, and to batch update the matching bib records (not fiu holdings or item records) in the sb while protecting local data such as local notes in marc 590 field. during test runs, a small percentage (about 5%) of upgraded oclc records couldn’t find matching records in the sb since the corresponding oclc master records of these sb records were merged with better oclc records. for these cases, the old oclc numbers in marc 035 fields of sb records need to be replaced manually with the new oclc numbers from the upgraded oclc marc records so that the existing sb records could be replaced by better oclc records through batch upgrading process. new workflow (may 2015 – present) after the test and evaluation process, the following new workflow has been implemented since may 2015: the first step after receiving books and their marc records is to sort out records with complete call numbers in the marc 050 or 090 field using genload. then batch load these records into the sb by genload. the loading also creates fiu holdings and item records with a cataloging status of complete. these books (about 9,000 books, 90% of total) are sent directly to circulation to be shelved as they come with physical processing. dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 78 the second step is to keep the remaining books (about 1,000 books, 10% of total) in the cataloging department. then batch load their marc records into the sb by genload with a different genload profile, so that the loading creates fiu holdings and item records with a cataloging status of incomplete. as a result, the opac shows these books as “in process.” the next step is to load the upgraded oclc marc records received from worldcat updates service by genload on a biweekly basis to batch update existing sb records. finally, the “in process” books that were updated by the batch upgrading process are identified and their cataloging process is completed using the load logs generated by genload to get the associated fiu holdings of the replaced bib records. then use an aleph report and excel to separate the “in process” titles. lastly, the “in process” books are located and cataloging is completed by updating fiu holdings and item records to a status of complete according to their updated bib records. impacts of new workflow after implementing the new workflow, the following impacts were observed: provide users timely access: the new workflow sends about 90% (vs. 40% with the old workflow) of new ybp approval books directly to the stacks upon arrival. users have access to these books almost immediately, and the catalog record can be enhanced without keeping the books in the cataloging department. the batch upgrading process updates the records of both cataloged and “in process” books, and clears the majority of the “in process” books sitting in the cataloging department, so very few books need to be cataloged individually. as a result, new books have been cataloged quickly with the number of ybp approval books being added to the backlog reduced largely from 60.5% in jan. 2015 with the old process, to 8.2% in july 2015 (two months after implementing the new workflow) as shown below in table 1, and eventually all the backlog was eliminated. table 1. backlog information of ybp print approval books ybp print approval books received backlogged % backlogged jan. 2015 with old process 1,081 654 60.5% july 2015 with new workflow 1,359 111 8.2% save staff time: the old workflow developed a backlog despite the efforts of many hours per week of several cataloging staff members, whereas the new workflow needs only about 2 hours biweekly of two staff members. enhance quality control and reduce human errors: the new batch upgrading process has improved metadata quality in both bibliographic and authority records by updating the existing fiu records to full-level in the local catalog in a timely fashion. it has also reduced human errors. for example, set in the genload profile, the batch loading process removes redundant marc dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 79 fields (such as 9xx fields and 072 field) from oclc marc records and protects local data before updating existing sb records. another example is that the new workflow includes a step to check and fix the url fields of oclc marc records (correct indicator errors and remove unnecessary url fields) using marcedit before batch upgrading process. latin american and caribbean collections (lac) print approval books fiu green library receives print books through lac approval plans from several foreign vendors (once a week mostly, about 2,000 titles per year). the majority of them are published in spanish; the rest are published in portuguese, haitian creole, or french. fiu hasn’t purchased marc records from these vendors; however, a couple of vendors, such as iberoamericana, provide brief marc records of their published books for free. for physical processing, acquisitions staff add magnetic strips, and cataloging staff complete the rest including adding property stamps and barcodes, and printing and applying spine labels. old process (before 2018) before 2018, lac approval books were cataloged in-house individually. after receiving lac books, cataloging staff create sb records within a week so that acquisitions staff could attach order records for payment in a timely fashion. since lac books are non-english publications from foreign countries, many of them don’t have oclc records or established names/series readily available. for these books, cataloging staff initially create brief sb records including only a few fields to allow acquisitions to complete payment, and later on upgrade these records individually. in many cases, cataloging librarians need to create original oclc records for some books and then overlay the brief sb records to complete their cataloging process. at the beginning of 2018, there were 413 lac approval books waiting to be cataloged and many associated names and series needed to be established. developing new process (january – february 2018) lac approval books with brief marc records to improve efficiency, we worked with falsc on developing a batch loading process for the brief marc records (which include title, isbn number, order information, and other fields) provided by iberoamericana. the batch loading process was implemented in february 2018 using the aleph advanced generic record loader (file-90), which is a perfect tool for loading these brief vendor records with order information into the sb. in october and november 2019, we replicated the batch loading process for the brief marc records now provided by two other lac approval plan vendors, rettalibros and libro andinos. the batch processes have freed both cataloging and acquisitions staff from creating individual brief bib records and order records for half of fiu’s lac vendor books, increasing productivity. lac approval books with oclc master records with the help of a staff member, the author developed a batch process for the lac books with full-level oclc master records using marcedit, genload, and oclc connexion’s batch process dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 80 searches and local file manager. the author did the following test run on the backlog of 413 lac books to find out whether it worked: the first step was to call up the sb records of these lac books by searching a standard tkr field in the holdings records (a field routinely added by fiu cataloging staff at initial processing). then, the oclc record numbers from the marc 035 field on bib records (for example, =035 \\$a(ocolc)25416038) were gathered by an aleph report. it was discovered that all these sb records had oclc numbers, which confirmed that, eventually, the brief sb records initially created by fiu staff were later overlaid by oclc records brought in by other suls. lastly, their corresponding oclc master records were batch retrieved using the marcedit z39.50 client’s batch processing mode (figure 3). figure 3. batch retrieve oclc records via marcedit z39.50 client the second step involved sorting oclc master records by genload in order to separate full-level from non-full-level records. the genload file sorter identified 406 records with complete call numbers (has subfield $b in marc 050 or 090 field) (figure 4) out of a total of 413 records; identified 404 records that are cataloged in english (subfield $b of marc 040 field=eng), and identified and separated 341 full-level records (marc leader field (ldr) encoding level (position 17)= blank, i, 1, l) from 63 non-full-level records. file://///$a(ocolc)25416038) dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 81 figure 4. sort records with complete call number via genload the third step was to review and update non-full-level oclc master records. after batch importing the 63 non-full-level records into the oclc local save file, the author reviewed them one by one and discovered that 53 of them are actually full-level records with established headings and complete call numbers. the author changed these 53 records’ elvl codes to full-level in oclc, and then batch exported their marc records. step four involved an authority check on full-level oclc master records. the author checked the access points of 100 randomly selected records out of 341 full-level oclc master records: 91 out of the 100 selected records had complete authority control, and only nine out of 100 records have incomplete authority control: among them, four have unestablished series; two have established personal headings, but their forms in the marc records are slightly different than those of naco13 national authority record (nar); the remaining three are personal or corporate names that don’t have nars (table 2). dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 82 table 2. oclc records with incomplete authority control step five was to share information and obtain departmental approval. the author demonstrated the batch process and authority check results at the department meeting. the group discussed and approved the batch process and reached a consensus on using lac books’ full-level oclc master records to batch upgrade the existing sb records without performing authority checks individually. the final step was to batch load full-level oclc master records by genload to upgrade sb records. after departmental approval, the author combined all the full-level oclc master records (394 records in total including the 341 records identified from the genload sorting process and the 53 records updated from non-full-level), and batch loaded them into the sb by genload. the genload profile was set to match the oclc master records with the sb records by oclc number, then replace the matching sb bib records while protecting local data. the batch load also completed the cataloging process of these lac books by updating the associated fiu holdings and item records to a completed status. lac approval books without full-level oclc master records for the remaining 19 lac books without full-level oclc master records (including two oclc records not cataloged in english and seven records without a complete call number), the author changed their tkr field value in the sb holdings records, and placed them alongside oclc record number encoding level (elvl) note 975491662 blank personal name in marc 100 field is established; series in marc 830 field is not established 1001907037 i has marc 490 0_ field; no marc 830 field 987257621 i personal name in marc 100 field is not established 966300663 i 2 corporate names in marc 710 fields are established; 1 personal name for editor in marc 700 field is not established 988992036 i personal name in marc 100 field is established; has marc 490 0_ field, no marc 830 field 992722210 i personal name in marc 100 field has no birth date; established nar does 47740852 i personal name in marc 700 field has birth date; established nar doesn't 56726555 i series in marc 830 field is not established 26380041 i corporate name in marc 710 field is not established dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 83 iberoamericana books (which had brief records loaded in the sb) on a different shelf in the cataloging department. the author developed a different batch process using genload and oclc connexion’s batch process searches and local file manager, and did the following test run on these books: the first step was to call up the sb records of these books by searching a different tkr field value in the holdings. then, the isbn numbers were gathered from the marc 020 field of the bib records by using an aleph report. lastly, the author batch searched in oclc by isbn number (batch-enter bibliographic search keys) (figure 5). the search saved matched oclc master records in an oclc local save file. figure 5. batch search records in oclc by isbn number for the second step, the best records in the oclc save file were selected. the records were sorted by the column catl (cataloging language) (figure 6) for the purpose of removing the records not cataloged in english (catl≠eng). then, the records were re-sorted by the column save file number. since multiple records exist for some titles, the best record for each title was selected and the other records were removed. oclc master records with elvl (encoding level)=blank, i, 1, l and most holdings are usually the best. lastly, the selected oclc master records in oclc local save file were batch exported after updating their holdings. figure 6. sort records by cataloging language in oclc local save file dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 84 the third step involved sorting oclc master records by genload to separate full-level from non-full-level records. following the sorting, full-level oclc records were batch loaded by genload to update matching sb bib records and associated fiu holdings and item records to completed status. non-full-level oclc records were batch loaded using a different genload profile which updates matching sb bib records and associated fiu holdings (adds a tkr field value) but not fiu items, so that associated fiu holdings and item records still have incomplete status. the lac books without any oclc master records were kept on the same shelf for future batch process or original cataloging. the new batch processes for lac print approval books have been implemented since february 2018. the new lac processes have helped us eliminate the lac approval book backlog. additionally, as with the new workflow for the ybp print approval books, it has had a positive impact on providing timely access of books, saving staff time, reducing human errors, and has improved cataloging efficiency and metadata quality. classical music lp (long play) collection fiu green library houses a donated classical music sound recording collection consisting of over 12,000 recordings, mostly in lp format. this collection was slowly being cataloged since its receipt. old process (1/2013 – 8/2017) in the past, music recordings from this collection were cataloged in-house individually except for about 1,000 recordings in foreign languages outsourced to backstage library works. new process (9/2017 – 4/2018) in order to facilitate timely access of this valuable collection, the author developed and implemented the following batch cataloging process using marcedit, genload, and oclc connexion’s batch process searches and local file manager, which is similar to the ones for lac approval books: the first step was to search uncataloged music recordings by their publisher numbers (a music recording has a publisher number, instead of isbn number, as its unique identifier) in the sb and enter their publisher numbers on a spreadsheet. the next step was to deal with music recordings without sb records. these records were batch searched in oclc by publisher number. the search saved matched oclc master records in an oclc local save file. then, the best records were selected for each title in the oclc local save file and exported in batch. lastly, the oclc master records were batch loaded by genload to create new bib records and add associated fiu holdings and item records with completed status in the sb. for the music recordings without oclc records, the cataloger conducts original cataloging. finally, for music recordings that found sb records (added by other suls), the oclc numbers from marc 035 fields of bib records were gathered by an aleph report. then, a batch retrieve was performed for their oclc master records using the marcedit z39.50 client’s batch dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 85 processing mode. lastly, the oclc master records were batch loaded by genload to upgrade bib records and add associated fiu holdings and item records with completed status in the sb. impact of new process with about the same amount of staff working on the collection, the new process achieved 533 cataloged titles per month compared to 133 titles with the old process, and we were able to complete cataloging the remaining one third of the collection in 8 months (table 3). table 3. classical music collection statistics titles cataloged time spent titles cataloged per month cataloged in-house by batch process 4,263 8 months (9/2017-4/2018) 533 cataloged in-house individually 7,474 56 months (1/2013-8/2017) 133 cataloged by backstage library works 1,023 24 months (7/2015-7/2017) 43 total cataloged 12,760 conclusion during this process, several lessons were learned regarding workflow changes: • the first step before developing a new workflow is to have a thorough understanding of the old process from all the staff involved in the workflow. • while developing a new workflow, always do a test run first on a small batch of items, and adjust and improve the workflow as needed. • documenting the process along the way will help in refining the procedures at a later stage. • after the new workflow is developed, discuss it with staff for feedback. • it’s important to evaluate and assess its impact, and asking questions such as: who will be affected by the new process? will the new process benefit them? • after the new workflow is approved for implementation, select qualified staff for the new process. • it’s crucial to walk staff through the new process, answer their questions, and ask for their suggestions. dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 86 • it’s always necessary to follow up, collect feedback, and adjust workflow and procedure accordingly. the author would like to share her experience with automating cataloging workflows of traditional library materials because it could be beneficial to libraries that plan to implement automation workflows in cataloging. overall, the author’s experience has been highly positive: the batch processes and various tools applied on these traditional materials have improved cataloging efficiency and productivity; they have also enhanced metadata accuracy, consistency, and display, and as a result, facilitated timely and accurate access to valuable library resources for users. the new workflows have been successful, largely due to the support from the department head and staff members who have made valuable suggestions and positive feedback, and also due to the great interest, ability, and persistence of our staff to take on new challenges. in july 2021, the libraries at the 40 public colleges and universities of the state of florida, including fiu, will migrate to a new shared integrated library system (ils), ex libris’ alma. the new system necessitates new workflows and procedures. so the new challenge for the author is to learn the functions and tools of the new ils, and develop similar or improved cataloging workflows in the new ils and continue to adapt as the new system changes. acknowledgements the author would like to express her deepest appreciation to her department head, rita cauce. the new workflows would not have been possible without her valuable advice and support. she also provided the backlog information of ybp print approval books in table 1 and very helpful comments and suggestions for the article. the author would also like to extend her deepest gratitude to her colleague, kelly rowan, who has provided generous help proofreading and editing the paper. endnotes [1] genload: https://falsc.libguides.com/c.php?g=850314&p=6454676 [2] worldcat updates service: https://help.oclc.org/metadata_services/worldshare_collection_manager/choose_your_collecti on_manager_workflow/worldcat_updates/about_worldcat_updates_through_collection_man ager/about_worldcat_updates [3] oclc connexion client guides: batch processing in the client: overview. https://files.mtstatic.com/site_10606/5147/0?expires=1610991390&signature=l4si8hryiikeu9 lpd4r4zeroq9a6sbltsgjqwp8ojqsn6sexa4lbfaufehzg2ibjnkq8eqf9oqfvdbhnnig6guk uldz7dtrxbi1qxll6vbepfv87p~4ot2g5lvwyn2faquqhf00jx~rlyyaphuj5omoqtmsal2v-6knpryih~s_&key-pair-id=apkaj5y6av4gi7a555na [4] marcedit: https://marcedit.reeset.net/about-marcedit [5] notis. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/notis dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 87 [6] aleph integrated library system. https://exlibrisgroup.com/products/aleph-integratedlibrary-system/ [7] fcla. https://members.educause.edu/florida-center-for-library-automation [8] falsc. https://libraries.flvc.org/ [9] how to load records using the advanced generic vendor records loader (file-90). https://files.mtstatic.com/site_11811/27603/0?expires=1613765885&signature=rtyt404zmsj5o z1lgxhjn1ju9wzqo5j3foi0xkwlffdn2ln-wtrjkfuicgvzd9omcf3xmx0ejrysm3u2lk~kjnd55nhafuoh6sfk7e2j6uaunj8azjek7hunaetrg zrrj5g8lv-uiirrlkhadwigjbms-6ajpm1tlpyojqkrrk_&key-pairid=apkaj5y6av4gi7a555na [10] oclc promptcat service: https://library.oclc.org/digital/collection/p15003coll74/id/18/ [11] full-level cataloging: https://www.oclc.org/bibformats/en/onlinecataloging.html#bcggbafc [12] worldshare collection manager: https://www.oclc.org/en/worldshare-collectionmanager.html [13] naco-name authority cooperative program: https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/naco/ references anderson, b. (2015). updating alma records with the worldshare marc update service. retrieved from https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1035&context=libraries_pre sent french, r. b. (2020). secrets of the save file: using connexion and microsoft access for efficient batch cataloging projects. retrieved from https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1196&context=letfspubs harden, j. (2017). batch processes: using connexion client, marcedit, and microsoft access. retrieved from https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1036580 lorimer, n. (2012). unlocking historical audio collections: collaborative cataloging and batch searching of 78 rpm recordings. technical services quarterly, 29:1, 1-12, doi: 10.1080/07317131.2011.597682 riordan, g. & baksik, c. m. (2017). oclc worldcat updates (bns/wms) implementation. retrieved from https://wiki.harvard.edu/confluence/pages/viewpage.action?pageid=181077967 strickler, c. (2017). testimony: using marcedit and oclc connexion to enhance bibliographic records in a batch. retrieved from https://www.atla.com/blog/testimony-using-marceditand-oclc-connexion-to-enhance-bibliographic-records-in-a-batch/ https://libraries.flvc.org/ https://library.oclc.org/digital/collection/p15003coll74/id/18/ https://www.oclc.org/bibformats/en/onlinecataloging.html#bcggbafc https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/naco/ https://commons.lib.jmu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1196&context=letfspubs https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1036580/#who https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1036580/ https://wiki.harvard.edu/confluence/display/~2163 https://www.atla.com/blog/testimony-using-marcedit-and-oclc-connexion-to-enhance-bibliographic-records-in-a-batch/ https://www.atla.com/blog/testimony-using-marcedit-and-oclc-connexion-to-enhance-bibliographic-records-in-a-batch/ dong / international journal of librarianship 6(1) 88 about the author elaine dong (edong@fiu.edu) is the database and metadata management librarian at florida international university libraries in miami, florida. she holds a m.s. in library and information science from mcgill university. her professional interests include eresource management, database maintenance, and data analytics. 006-title-183-article text-986-2-11-20210624-cl 006-183-article text-969-3-11-20210624-huang_ct lib-mocs-kmc364-20140103101924 13 shawnee mission's on-line cataloging system ellen washy miller: library systems analyst, and b. j. hodges: senior systems analyst, shawnee mission public schools, shawnee mission, kansas an on-line cataloging pilot project for two elementary schools is discussed. the system components are 27 40 terminals, upper-lower-case input, ibm's faster generalized software packo.ge, and usual cards/labels output. reasons for choosing faster, software and hardware features, operating procedures, system performance and costs are detailed. future expansion to cataloging 100,000 annual k-12 acquisitions, on-line circulation, retrospective conversion, and union book catalogs is set forth. introduction the shawnee mission public schools, serving several affiuent suburbs of the kansas city metropolitan area, began automated library operations in 1968. as the school districfs computer center was then equipped with a 1401 computer and tape/disk store, the first library system was designed for batch ordering and cataloging. later, a batch circulation system for three of the school district's fourteen secondary libraries was started. library automation in that period was similar to that described by scott (1) and auld (2). two years saw a profound change in the shawnee mission school district. by unification, it had added 50 elementary schools and a new high school, makin9 a total of 65 schools, all of which had libraries. at the school districts computer center, the configuration had passed through the 360/30 stage to a 360/40; 2314 disk packs were on order; and 2741 term~als, using ibm's remote access computational system (rax) had been ~stalled at all five high schools for computer science courses. wlule the batch library system could handle the 28.000 items ordered 14 journal of library automation vol. 4/1 march, 1971 and cataloged annually up to that point, it was impossible to justify using it for an estimated 100,000 annual acquisitions needed by 65 libraries. computer time to process autocoder programs on a mod/40 would be excessive; the librarians desired many improvements (upperand lowercase i/0; longer fields; shortened time to process items; and more accurate data on cards and labels) . the need for data processing and library improvements resulted in rethinking of the approach to ordering, cataloging, and circulation. naturally, on-line processing came to mind. ibm 274fs for computer science courses had given management and data processing staff some experience with a dedicated on-line system; the 360/40 and 2314 disks would support large files, indexed sequential file organization, and multiprogramming (simultaneous use of the cpu for terminal and batch jobs). the experiences of stanford and university of chicago ( 3) and ibm ( 4) pointed out that on-line systems could be built for larger and more complex organizations than for shawnee mission, where the collections are 95% english language and the system covers only books and audio-visual items. cataloging is based on title-page information; tools used are children·s catalog, sears, n.u.c., a. a. rules, and other standard works. also very important was the fact that the computer center management wanted experience in multiprogramming prior to considering it for student scheduling, student records, payroll and business functions. a proposal was made to library and data processing management by the library systems analyst in mid-december 1969 that on-line cataloging in multiprogramming mode be begun by mid-march 1970 for two elementary schools on a test basis. an improved batch order system using cobol programs was also proposed. finally, it was suggested that a carefully designed cataloging system could include fields to be used later for circulation control. the specific purposes of the on-line cataloging pilot project were 1) to test whether direct access to master disk files is an efficient, accurate, and economical method of creating and updating bibliographic and holdings data; and 2) to allow data processing management to ascertain if multiprogramming is feasible and practical at this time locally. a search of library literature revealed no on-line systems for cataloging and circulation functions; rather, either circulation or order functions were real time. moreover, truly on-line systems were rare; columbia had designed a circulation system that could be used in that mode, but as of october 1968, was operating batch (5). chicago's book processing system does input data on line, although ordering and cataloging functions are performed off-line (6) . bellrel is an on-line circulation system (7). comparing the circumstances of the above institutions with that of shawnee mission school district brought out one sterling difference: the latter had no yant money nor huge parent institution upon which to rely. rather, it ha a modest hardware-software configuration, a need to be on-line cataloging system/ miller and hodges 15 operational within three months if the two test librarians were to see any output by the end of the school year, and a small team of data processors and librarians devoted to redesign and implementation. methods and materials having earlier seen demonstrations of the kansas city, missouri, police department's faster system, with its on-line access to constantly updated alphanumeric files, the senior systems analysts turned to ibm for further information. the police department's system was based on a software package developed in alameda, california, for law enforcement. it was also available in a general form called faster (filing and source data entry techniques for easier retrieval). the proven ability of this system to accept on-line data via 2740 terminals and to display it on 2260 crt's, its ease of adaptation to user requirements, the quickness with which analysts and programmers had learned to use it at the police department, and a local, positive experience decided the issue. in mid-january 1970, faster was chosen as the software framework for on-line cataloging. software faster has been programmed in modular form, with each module performing a particular task ( 8). modules supporting functions that vary because of hardware must be coded by the user. this coding is done in macro form (brief program statements in higher level language which generate many machine instructions) and therefore is not a tedious task. one of the hardest, most complicated portions of implementing a teleprocessing system is programming the support from the cpu to the terminal; with faster, this took about a day. the macros use basic teleprocessing access method (btam) support. with line support taking little time, the user may spend more effort on his own processing needs. the user may have only a query or an update requirement; shawnee mission needed both. because faster is a modular system, the user is permitted to describe each of his needs as a transaction. this transaction must be programmed as a tpd (transaction processing d~scription) using macros. coding and listing time for a tpd will vary w1th the processing description. those familiar with detailed programming will note that the programmer does not have to concern himself with 1/0. the tpd will prepare the data for output, and the faster interface module will handle 1/0. some of the major functions supported by the macro language include: 1) retrieval of records from indexed sequential ( isam ) files-files accessed only through hierarchic indexes; 2) modifications and additions to isam ides; 3) data manipulation; 4) formatting of responses to selected terminals; 5) message switching and 6) recording audit data on a logging file. faster under dos requires fixed-length records; this has been modified under the os version. 16 journal of library automation vol. 4/1 march, 1971 retrieval from the !sam files required for processing a given transaction may be performed in one of three ways: 1) retrieval of a unique record, 2) sequential retrieval of a specified number of records from a logical grouping, or 3) retrieval of a specified number of records from a logical grouping, in which the retrieval records represent the best qualified from the group based upon the user's selection criteria. hardware hardware supported by the faster system is as follows: machine configuration: ibm 360 mod/30, 40, or 50 storage requirements: minimum-dos 65k; minimum-os 128k disks supported: 2311 or 2314 logging file: disk or tape line control: btam witb 2701, 2702, or 2703 terminals: 2740, 1050, 2260 crt systems at shawnee mission computer center: ibm 360/40 dos 256 k eight 2314 disks three 2401 tape drives one 2702 line control 27 40 and 27 41 terminals the system operates in three partitions. partition f1 houses apl (a programming language) for student use with 27 41 terminals. partition f2 houses faster. partition bg is used for batch jobs (both cobol and autocoder under cs monitor). file organization and access faster supports !sam files only (as data sets) with the exception of the logging file; the logging device must be sequential. faster's support of disk files is accomplished by using the same software modules that al and cobol use in maintaining !sam files. therefore, standard programming languages may be used for creating files and data retrieval. shawnee mission chose cobol as its main fanguage and found it to complement the faster system. files the batch library system was based on a 400-character record, repeated in its entirety for every copy in each library. this space consumption for redundant information was undesirable in a system with 65 collections, and therefore two basic files were designed. the first is the disk title file, containing one record with bibliographic information for each unique title in the school district. its fields include author, title, dates, subject headings, annotation, etc. (table 1). each record is 562 characters long. on-line cataloging system/miller and hodges 17 table 1. main fields input by operators record title copy field form code publication date copyright date author title annotation publisher edition price dewey number cutter number grade level collation series language code lc card number subject heading 1 subject heading 2 subject heading 3 added entry title number number of copies building code funding code volume number print instructions length 2 4 4 35 50 105 30 3 5 8 10 4 40 35 3 14 24 46 60 30 7 4 5 comments distinguishes physical format may be continued in annotation use marc language codes use sears headings " , , , , for name or title 2 if other than general funds 3 for volume or other sequence number 16 kept only until labels and cards printed in distinction, the disk copy file contains a 56-character record for each copy of a title, comprised of fixed-length fields for building number, special funding, volume information, and circulation control. copy and title records are linked through the title number. the third file is the isam title index, comprised of records with a phon.etic code and key for each title record. this file is called up by a t~rnu~al transaction containing title; the incoming phonetic code for the htle ~~ matched with any equal ones on the index. for matches, biblio~rap~tc data is pulled from the title and typed on the terminal. the main unction of the title index is to determine duplicates. 18 journal of library automation vol. 4/1 march, 1971 tests on 45,711 title records showed that a 16-character phonetic code resulted in a maximum of 36 different titles having the same phonetic code. the 16-character code chosen consists of the first character of title followed by numeric values for most consonants. the on-line cataloging system input recognizing that the pilot project might be expanded into a full-scale operation, librarians drew up procedures for entering data from either shelf list cards or new arrivals. conversion from shelf lists required that cards be edited to eliminate confusing information and to add implicit data. for new acquisitions, most information needed by the terminal operator is annotated on the title page and its verso. a grid sheet to be slipped into the book contains subject headings, added entry, annotation and some other fields. all of these practices were set forth in a user's manual (9), along with instructions on how to enter transactions into the disk files. limits on the input buffer permit a maximum of 120 characters to be transmitted by any transaction, which means that several transactions are required to add all cataloging and location data necessary to describe a new title. there are two sets of transactions. the lt series adds to and updates records in the title file; the lc series does the same for the copy file. for instance, entering a new title requires an lt01 transaction to start the record and assign a title number, one or more lt02's to complete cataloging data, and an lc01 for building assignment. operators find transactions easy to key and understand. by category, lc and lt transactions set up new records, add on fields, update fields, delete or activate records, and query the contents of a specified record. these transactions are a simple, understandable, and powerful method of maintaining library files. several transactions also add data to fields, thus saving the operator keying time. for instance, the cutter number is automatically derived from the first three letters of the author's last name, unless specifically superseded by the operator. also, "f" is assigned to dewey for all items unless replaced by another classification. finally, a standard set of output, consisting of 1) two author cards, overprinted cards, a copy card, and 2) one three-up label, is assumed when an lc01 transaction is input to show location. if other outputs are needed, the operator uses an lc05 transaction to specify them. there are also several instances of data being input in lower case (to save time and buffer space for a shift) and being edited on output to upper case. the result of all these program aids is that the operator knows she is keying only important data; highly invariable fields are input and edited by the faster programs, saving operator time. on-line cataloging system/ miller and hodges 19 output two basic card formats were chosen. the unit card contains all cataloging information; the copy card shows a library's holdings of a given title (figures 1 and 2) . a unit card and copy card (giving all cataloging and holdings information) go into the school's shell list; the usual set of main and added entry unit cards goes into the public catalog. gunthf'r , j()lln hl<ldn1er t h~ grpu t. !lj.ndom hou.s..,. 1il.3p . co l i llus . 111itp (~orl d lanl~~r~ book~ } 1al 0xander rl1 gteat 2-:<i ng~ and ::-ul1•t.s 1history . ~.nci-""r. t hioyr.apny 0 ... l r,_ ____ ,__.._ _____ ....... ______ , _ ___ ~ ~ 9 002 1 q_q ............_.] fig. 1. unit card. fig. 2. copy card. gun th{•r, john alcxdodt>r the gr <?:at . 01 !hree-up labels for book pocket, spine, and charge card (figure 3) are pnnted nightly, along with cards. upon delivery from the computer center, the cards and labels are matched witl1 the previous day's books; labels are applied and the item made ready for delivery. the set of cards for card catalog and shell list are inserted in the item; the school librarian or staff member does local filing. 20 journal of library automation vol. 4/1 march, 1971 fig. 3. three-up label sets. the two test librarians benefitted by having their two catalogs sorted and mass printed in sequence by the computer. naturally, the ibm 360 sort leaves some problems which require hand filing, but sort program specifications reduced those problems to a minimum. the same method of mass printing was employed to make three-up labels for each item in those collections. they were printed in shelf list sequence in order to expedite matching labels with books. implementation and operation of system operation began intermittently the last week of april. delays in receiving terminals and minor difficulties in installing them accounted for most problems. the combination of three tutoring sessions by the senior systems analysts, instructions in the user's manual, and actual practice on the terminals resulted in skilled, confident terminal operators within two weeks. the first shelf list, containing 5,000 titles and 5,200 copies, was completed june 4, 1970. work began immediately on keying the 12,500 copies in the second test school; it was completed on july 28. of the 17,700 copies in the two schools, 10,270 were unique titles. from the end of april until june 8, two terminals were up from 12 a.m.5 p.m. each weekday. from june 8, they operated from 8 a.m.-5 p.m. daily; as of july 13, three terminals were operating from 8 a.m.-5 p.m. each weekday. the strains on staffing and training were commensurate with this expansion rate. since reality is never as neat as paper plans, it follows that the decision to expand the on-line system to all k-12 cataloging was made in june, when only the first test school had been completed. that expansion began in august. also, additional terminals for on-line circulation were ordered during the summer. the circulation system, which uses fields in the copy record, is scheduled to begin during the winter of 1970 in three high schools. finally, two new elementary collections of 3,500 titles each were keyed in. therefore, the summer, which had been intended for rather leisurely completion and evaluation of the pilot project, turned into a hectic season. fortunately, the third t erminal arrived a month early, helping in the data entry race; and computer time was forthcoming for massively printing eight card catalogs and two full label sets. on-line cataloging system/miller and hodges 21 discussion the outcome of the on-line pilot project, as measured by tasks required to set up the system, time for those tasks, costs, rate of data entry, quality of input and output, deserves discussion. perhaps most relevant to the reader is system performance, to which this section is devoted. system set-up time overall lead time of four or so months (january through april 1970) can be broken down further; however, no close record was kept on it. setting up the system required the full time for four months of two senior systems analysts; the library systems analyst spent five full-time months. two programmers were assigned for 2.5 full months each. the head of central library processing devoted one man month to design; the head of data entry (terminal operators) was assigned for five months full-time to the project. since there were no faster schools available in january, an ibm engineer who had worked extensively with the kansas city, missouri, police department gave group classes for all data processing staff and 48 hours of individual tutorials to the senior systems analysts. of the two programmers, one had used cobol and pl/1 for two years; the other was a trainee. there was no discernible difference in their ability to learn and use faster. the same applied to the systems analysts. the team approach allowed the senior analysts to concentrate on programs and hardware while the library analyst was busy designing work flow, procedures, and a user manual with the librarians. after those jobs were done, the two supervising librarians were able to train terminal operators. these complementary tasks allowed each staff to concentrate on jobs efficiently rather than in a fragmented fashion. it was the ultimate responsibility of the authors to coordinate all work. costs a study was made of the cost to process items in the batch and on-line systems. this included creating and keying data, printing cards and labels, and preparing items for delivery. costs in table 2 are based on 1) tasks performed at central library processing from arrival to mailing out to destination library, 2) library and data processing staff, 3) computer time prorated at 1/5 of hourly non-district rate, and 4) supplies. a merger of two separate groups and a 5~% salary increase account for the cost growth for library staff. table 3 shows costs for the 28,000 items processed in fiscal year 1969-70 and for an estimated 100,000 acquisitions to be handled in fiscal year 1970-71. duplicates cost less in each system because they bypass certain work stations. further cost study will be needed after the k-12 cataloging system has been operative for several months. on-line cataloging system/ miller and hodges 23 rate of data entry statistics are kept for all types of transactions input daily, by terminal. comparing these statistics with norms revealed where the system was exceeding or falling behind expectations. the norms were based on a known duplicate rate of 2:1, duplicates to new titles; and on the fact that it takes two transactions to enter duplicates, but five to enter new titles. table 4 shows the average daily rate of 120-character transactions established for each level of daily terminal hours, and norms. note that about one quarter of scheduled hours was lost in june and july because of unavoidable downtime. translated into new books and duplicates, two terminals operating 8 a.m.-5 p.m. daily could handle 775 and 1,500 items, respectively, during a week. changes in the duplicate ratio would of course change those figures. it will be instructive to compare these data with later results. table 4. daily rate of data entry vs. norms daily average daily terminal month norm transactions hours may 650 756 10 june 1000 915 18 july 1300 1023 22.5 output applying labels in the pilot project was unsatisfactory on two counts: the spine label was too narrow to fit well on easy and picture books, and the weak adhesive required two coats of liquid glass on spine labels to assure some permanency. further, actually labelling and glassing the two pilot collections showed that the latter activity consumed about three-fifths of the man-hours expended. therefore the three-up label was redesigned, with a broader spine label and a superstick adhesive. no more liquid glass was used, cutting out an expensive task. labelling and glassing 5,200 items took 36~ man days. this included finding the correct book, replacing pockets when necessary, adding three labels, and applying two coats of glass. computer time to sort, set up, and print output for 5,200 items in the first school were: 15,400 cards for public catalog (dictionary sequence )-5'48" 10,400 cards for shell list (dewey-cutter-author sequence )-1'30'' 5,200 3-up labels (dewey-cutter-author sequence )-1'35" ~oth catalogs had to be examined for cards beginning with "a", "an", and the" as well as special characters (which don't file correctly for library pu.rposes) . about five man-days were spent handling the two card catalogs pn~r to delivery. this was considered excessive, and the sort was amended to ignore the three leading articles. some hand filing is still needed, of course. 22 journal of library automation vol. 4/1 march, 1971 table 2. overall costs for batch and terminal cataloging systems terminal batch system percentage system (fy 69-70) of total (fy 70-71) library staff $64,460 66 70 $117,108 dp staff 6,300 2,000 supplies 3,834 5 4 7,764 computer 18,750 29 21 35,000 terminals, lines 0 0 5 8,450 total: $93,344 100 100 $170,322 table 3. unit costs for processing items in two automated systems batch on-line programs and terminals any item $4.30 $2.50 duplicate $3.60 $2.14 new item $6.10 $4.86 once successfully installed, the terminals posed no problems. very few program bugs developed, although several changes were made in the print format of the unit and copy cards at librarians' request. a few problems developed on print programs with obsolete extents when the title file ran to two disks, but that was easily remedied. overall, the high quality of programs and terminals is unbelievable and for this high performance, librarians are indebted to the two senior systems analysts. quality of data after having lived for two years with a system that postponed proofreading until after cards and labels had been printed, the librarians insisted on quality control prior to printing any output. this means that the original keying is carefully examined for any content or typing errors. operators examine one another's work and key either corrections or the verifying transaction; output can be printed only after records are verified as correct. currently, the head of central library processing examines each day's cards and labels for errors; the rate is about three mistakes for every 100 card and label sets. out of 5,200 label sets printed for the first test library's collection, only 76 sets contained errors. three major factors account for the low error rate: 1) ease of identifying and correcting errors, whether on hard copy, cards, or labels; 2) program responses that tell the operator of overflowed fields, some data errors, and missing data; and 3) trained, involved operators. the result has been high quality data that can be used for a variety of printing and query purposes. 24 journal of library automation vol. 4/1 march, 1971 flexibility while the first test library was being keyed, it was decided to design an on-line circulation system to be used by three high school libraries in january 1971. fortunately, the copy record included fields for that purpose; it will pose no major programming problem to accept new transactions from 2740 terminals. work on that module began october 1970. one of those three schools still has many items not in the disk title and copy files; retrospective conversion for those 12,500 items must be completed before on-line circulation can begin (circulation requires that a new label with title and copy numbers be affixed to each item). since the techniques for retrospective conversion were developed in february for the two test schools, this step will begin with only slight procedural adjustments and no programming changes. massively printed labels will be prepared for all 20,000 items in this school library; a public catalog and shelf list will also be sorted and printed sequentially. this means that the burden of having shelf list cards thoroughly edited prior to keying is offset by central library processing staff inputting the data, by computer programs to sort and print labels and catalogs, and by using tested and revamped procedures. the pilot project system designed for cataloging data is flexible. although specifically planned for two elementary schools, it was designed to handle all cataloging input for 65 k-12libraries. originally intended for cataloging data and output, it includes circulation fields that will soon be used. it was initially created for two terminals, four are now operating, and as many as 30 could be added with slight hardware or program modifications. currently operating on a 360/40, it could also be run on a 360/50. the faster library system operates in a core partition, allowing batch and other jobs to be processed simultaneously. finally, it is understood and operated at many levels by analysts, programmers, librarians, and clerks. the ease with which faster was learned by the data processing staff, the speed with which the system was built, its growth capability, the additional functions that can be hung onto it, and the confidence that librarians have in its usefulness testify to its simplicity and power. conclusion were the specific purposes of the on-line cataloging pilot project met? the librarians are satisfied that direct access to master library disk files is an efficient, accurate, and economical method of creating and updating bibliographic and holdings information. terminals provide an easy way to add to and change files instantly; the faster programs speedily manipulate and output desired data; the system has worked dependably since its first days; the isam title index provides undreamed-of indepen· dence from listings and card catalogs; and the work how has been stripped of time-consuming steps. on-line cataloging system/ miller and hodges 25 the data processing management has found multiprocessing feasible and practical. work is underway now to build on-line budget and payroll systems, using terminals and faster programs. apl, the student problemsolving system, was installed in the high schools in september and operates in a core partition. the 360/40, formerly dedicated to performing one job at a time, now supports three activities-faster, apl, and batch jobssimultaneously. this economy is important to data processing managers. of equal interest to library administrators is shawnee mission's successful use of an existing software package. using ibm's faster software framework freed programmers from tedious 1/0 control; instead, they devoted their efforts to writing instructions for adding to, updating, and deleting from library disk files. as fussier noted in october, 1968, "there is ... an absence of certain badly needed general data management software packages to provide file organization, update, and retrieval capabilities desirable in library processing operations. existing systems are considered prohibitively expensive in cost and core dedication requirements, and may demand total dedication of a time-shared machine for the data management activities. ( 10 r most libraries cannot afford to write their own software for on-line systems; packages like faster offer opportunities for real-time file maintenance that heretofore were the preserve of large, well-financed institutions. designed for teleprocessing and multiprogramming, faster is ideally suited to installations now doing batch processing with a medium-size computer (such as the 360/40, 128 k core) but desiring partitioned operations. the amount of traffic that a communications system will bear is of prime concern to the user. some of the factors that affect traffic rates within faster are i) number and type of terminal (line speed), 2) number of 1/0 queue buffers, 3) amount of updating and retrieval per transaction, 4) other jobs being processed by the cpu, and 5) cpu speed capacity. shawnee mission found that simulation to determine traffic loads would be very difficult because an existing teleprocessing system ( apl) runs simultaneously. consultation with ibm and examination of the kansas city police department's experience, led to the decision that faster would easily handle the estimated daily peak of 3000 transactions now needed for file maintenance and query associated with cataloging and circulation control. six months of operations have shown that traffic capacity is more limited by disk 1/0 than by any other factor. on the average, 1.25 seconds is required for the cpu to process a transaction. for four terminals, a total of 10 seconds elapses between hitting the bid key and receiving a reply; that encompasses terminal and line transmission, queuing delays, and transaction processing. ~us, shawnee mission's faster system can accommodate 24 transactions bid per minute by four terminals; 12,960 transactions could be 26 journal of library automation vol. 4/1 march, 1971 handled during a 9-hour day. in practice, of course, the number of transactions bid is far less due to time spent by operators in consultations, typing, and reading source documents. an extensive data base is a hard-won asset. by the end of november 1970, an estimated 41,500 titles and 83,700 copies will be in the shawnee mission library files. the costs of data entry begin to be spread when daily cards and labels, inquiries via terminal, union catalogs, special listings, and circulation control are among the regular uses of the data base. shawnee mission library system controls its collections through computer files, and thus reaps the benefits of multiple uses of those files. the degree to which the library system helps students and teachers find correct information quickly measures its usefulness. acknowledgments the authors are most grateful to gary kreighbaum, senior systems analyst, for his work in installing the faster system; mrs. jackie tomcak, head of central library processing, gave her undivided support to all phases of the project. references 1. scott, jack w.: "an integrated computer based technical processing system in a small college library," journal of library automation, 3 (sept. 1968), 149-177. 2. auld, lawrence: "automated book order and circulation control procedures at the oakland university library," journal of library automation, 2 (june 1968), 93-109. 3. veaner, allen b; paul j. fasana, eds.: stanford conference on collaborative library systems development: proceedings . . . oct. 4-5, 1968. (stanford: stanford university libraries, 1969.) 4. wolpert, bernard m.: "a working library network," american li· braries, 6 (june 1970), 570-572. 5. veaner, op. cit., 54. 6. ibid., 121. 7. kennedy, r. a. : "bell laboratories' library real-time loan system (bellrel)," journal of library automation, 2 (june 1968), 129-146. 8. cumin, p. a.: filing and source data entry techniques for easier retrieval. (wheaton, md.: ibm, state & local govt., dept. 868, 10/31/69.) 9. miller, ellen; tomcak, jackie; and new, jackie: on-line cataloging: an elementary library project. users manual. (shawnee mission. kansas: shawnee mission public schools, march 1970.) 10. veaner, op. cit., 18. college and research libraries doris cruger dale cataloging and classification practices in community college libraries results of a questionnaire survey sent to a sample of community college libraries in the united states indicate that as these libraries enter the 1980s their collections are still traditionally organized. although audiovisual materials are now cataloged and classified, there is little agreement as to how they should be organized; and most audiovisual materials are still housed in closed-access areas . change to aacr2 seems to be accepted, but librarians are still undecided about participating in computerized cataloging networks. two recent studies have shown that the majority of community college libraries are now using the library of congress classification system for the organization of printed materials. 1 this is a marked increase from the results reported in earlier studies by rowland and taylor. 2 the dates of these studies indicated the need for additional research, not only on the cataloging and classification of books but also on the classification of pamphlets, government documents, periodicals, microforms, and audiovisual materials in community college libraries. how are these materials cataloged and classified? is there an indication that audiovisual materials are completely cataloged and classified in community college libraries? is color banding of catalog cards for audiovisual materials still being done? how are audiovisual materials shelved? in light of the emphasis on the integration of all materials into learning resource centers of community colleges, are audiovisual materials being intershelved with printed materials? what use is being made of computerized cataloging networks? what is the composition of technical service staffs? how much original cataloging is done? these problems prompted the developdoris cruger dale is a professor, department of curriculum, instruction and media, southern illinois university, carbondale. ment of a questionnaire designed to elicit answers to several research questions. the questionnaire was developed and criticized by two community college librarians, one from illinois and one from new york. a pilot study was completed by sending the questionnaire to ten librarians in community college libraries that this author had visited on sabbatical leave in 1975-76. based on criticisms and suggestions from nine of these librarians, the questionnaire was revised and then sent to a random sample of 100 community college libraries in the united states . prior to sending the questionnaires out, this research proposal was submitted to the carbondale committee for research involving human subjects. the committee found the subjects to be not at risk and approved the research proposal on november 16, 1978. the sample of 100 libraries was randomly selected from the 1978 community, junior, and technical college directory published by the american association of community and junior colleges. membership in that organization is not a criterion for inclusion of the names of two-year colleges. the directory includes all institutions that are community-based community, junior, and technical colleges. institutions are nonprofit, are organized on a two-year basis, have regional accreditation and/or state recognition, and offer two-year associate degree programs. i 333 334 i college & research libraries • july 1981 proprietary institutions are not included. individual campuses are listed but not community centers. a total of 1,235 colleges are included of which 1,215 are in the fifty states and the district of columbia. the total population size for this study is therefore 1,215. the sample size of 100 represented 8.23 percent of the total population. 3 because of a long-standing interest in community college libraries , each college in the sample was sent, in addition to the questionnaire, an information sheet that included data from the 1978 directory for revision and correction, a request for the name of the person to whom future questionnaires could be sent, and a question as to whether the institution would be willing to pay the postage on return questionnaires. in the cover letter, it was explained that this would be the first questionnaire in a longitudinal study of community college libraries, and that in the future the college might expect to receive additional questionnaires (but no more than one a year) from doctoral students or from this researcher. participation in the project was requested and if the library was willing, the following primary documents were solicited: college catalog, campus map, a sample copy of the college newspaper, the library handbook, a recent library annual report, the library organization chart, a sample library budget, the library floor plan, a sample copy of the library newsletter, the materials selection policy, a periodical list, and an audiovisual catalog. librarians were informed that they could withdraw from participation at any time . -the questionnaire was divided into six sections: cataloging and classification of printed materials, cataloging and classification of audiovisual materials , the catalog, shelving of audiovisual materials, computerized cataloging networks, and cataloging and classification staff. there were thirty-three questions on four pages. the questionnaire was mailed on april 2, 1979. by june 7, fifty-two questionnaires had been returned. two of those returned were not completed. two of the libraries were deleted from the sample population; one college was served by a local public library and one by the university library in the same city. there were forty-eight usable questionnaires, 48.98 percent of the sample population of ninety-eight. forty-six of the persons completing the questionnaires indicated that they would be willing to participate in further studies. questionnaires were returned from every regional division in the united states with ten returns from the south atlantic states and ten from the pacific states. (see table 1.) table 1 usable ql1est ioi\i\aires by dt\"isioi\ ii\ tile lf. s . !\umbe r l1sabil" re~ional of question di\'isions* colle~es nairl's pl"rt'l"nt new england 83 1 1.20 middle atlantic 108 2 1.85 east north central 220 5 2.27 west north central 123 9 7.32 south atlantic 234 10 -1 .27 east south central 100 5 5.00 west south central 107 5 -!.67 mountain 69 1 1.45 pacific 171 10 5.8.5 total 1,215 48 3.9.5 *l' . s. census burea u dh·isions as rqjortl"d in " population ol' th<" l' .s . . 196a-1970" in the \\'orld alma11ac rlbook of fa cts nmo. p . l9l. although thirteen libraries have switched from the dewey decimal classification (ddc) to the library of congress classification (lcc) since 1965, the number of twoyear college libraries using lcc for books is not greater than the percentage reported in the matthews study of 1972. in fact it is somewhat less .. this study showed 52.08 percent using lcc for books, while th e matthews study reported 56.4 percent using lcc . ddc is favored for audiovisual materials by thirteen libraries , or 25 percent, but a wider variety of classifications is used for audiovisual materials, and sometimes a library uses more than one classification system for these materials. eleven libraries use lcc with one of these using a modified lcc; ten libraries use an accession number and fourteen libraries use a format designation and accession number for audiovisual materials. one library assigns a course number to audiovisual materials, as evidently all audiovisual materials are used by students for classroom assig-nments. one library developed its own classification system for audiovisual materials, another library uses the anscr (alpha-numeric system for classification of recordings) for sound recordings, and one library reported that all audiovisual materials were kept in the department. (see table 2.) of the thirteen libraries switching to lcc, six started this reclassification between 1965 and 1969, four began reclassifying between 1970 and 1974, and three did not indicate when reclassification was begun. eleven libraries have completed reclassification: three in the same year that it was begun, four within one year, one in two years, and another in four years. two did not indicate how long the reclassification took, and two libraries are maintaining both ddc and lcc as the reclassification project continues. of the twenty-five libraries using lcc, sixteen are using pz3 and 4 for fiction in english. one library uses these numbers only for authors who do not have specific numbers in the literature classes, and another library is shifting its materials out of pz3 and 4. nine libraries are not using pz3 and 4. one library classifies fiction in hardback copies, but assigns the letter f to paperbacks. fiction and biography receive special classification treatment in public libraries. this is also true of fiction and biography in two-year college libraries. although twenty-six libraries classify fiction· in ddc or lcc, thirteen libraries simply assign the letters for fic to fiction ; eight libraries use the author's last name to arrange fiction ; and one library uses a cutter number to arrange fiction. many libraries treat ·biography in more than one way . thirty libraries arrange indicataloging and classification i 335 vidual biographies in classified order by subject, ten libraries use 92, one library uses 921, seven libraries use the class numbers 920.1928, and five libraries assign the letter b to biography. the library of congress subject headings are overwhelmingly favored for both book and audiovisual materials with one library using both lists; forty-three libraries use lc subject headings for books and forty-one use lc subject headings for audiovisual materials. (see table 3.) only for periodicals was there total agreement on arrangement. all forty-eight libraries in the sample arranged periodicals alphajetically by title. microforms , government documents, and pamphlets were organized in a variety of ways. in forty-five libraries, microforms were arranged in special cabinets or drawers by title or author; one of these libraries used an accession number for arrangement. several libraries used more than one arrangement for microforms. six libraries intershelved their microforms ; the majority of these libraries were intershelving periodicals on microfilm with their bound periodicals. one library arranged microforms in a special location by call number. government documents were cataloged and classified in the same way as books, pamphlets, and periodicals in forty-one libraries; five libraries organized their government documents by the superintendent of documents classification system. one library used both of these methtable 2 classific:\tioi'\ syste\is foh boot..:s _-\1\d al' dio\ 'tsl '.-\l \l.nehi.-\ls classifieation doc lcc accession number format and accession number other total subjed heading list sears lc other total subject headi b<x•ks l\umlwr p<' l'l'<'ll l 23 25 48 table 3 ·fi .!-12 52.0h 100.00 .-\udi m i""'' \lat<-rial' 1\lulll>< ·r l'< ' l'l'<'ll l 1:3 2.'5.00 11 2 1.1.'5 10 1!-1.2:} 1-1 2g.!-j2 -1 7.g9 .52 !-19.!-j!-j ' i) al' ()10\ ' isl ' .-\l l\1.-\tehi.-\ls 6 43 49 l'l'l'l'l' lll 12.24 87.76 100.00 .-\udim i"'"' \i at<rial, l\111llhl'r l'< ·rt·t•ul (i 41 2 4!-j 12.24 h3.67 4.0h 99.99 336 i college & research libraries ·. july 1981 ods. two libraries did not respond to this question, and one library reported that it did not receive any government publications. there was more variety in the organization of pamphlets. career pamphlets were arranged in vertical files by name of occupation in seventeen libraries, in boxes on book shelves by name of occupation in two libraries, by sra (science research associates) numbers in two libraries, by dot (dictionary of occupational titles) numbers in one library, and in binders by call number in one library. two libraries did not respond to this question, and twenty-three libraries reported that the career pamphlets were in a separate career-counseling center in the college. other pamphlets were arranged in alphabetical order using lc subject headings in thirty-one libraries and using sears subject headings in five libraries. many libraries used more than one system. five libraries used the readers' guide to periodical literature for pamphlet subject headings; and one library used miriam ball's subject headings for the information file (8th ed.; new york: h. w. wilson, 1956). two librarians did not respond to this question, and two librarians reported that they did not maintain a vertical file of pamphlets. two librarians developed their own subject headings for pamphlets, one library used a numerical arrangement, one put them in boxes on shelves, and one cataloged them. if librarians used a standardized list of subject headings for pamphlets, they often added local subject headings on demand. both aacr1 and aacr2 were used as cataloging codes for books and audiovisual materials. a surprising number of libraries (sixteen) had already adopted aacr2 for books. (see table 4.) some libraries used more than one cataloging code for audiovisual materials. librarians were asked whether they planned to switch to aacr2; nine said yes, five said no, fifteen were undecided. three did not answer this question, and the sixteen previously mentioned were already using aacr2. the four "other" answers to the question regarding catalog codes for audiovisual materials included one library that used nonbook materials by jean weihs (2d ed.; ottawa: canadian library association, 1979), one library that did not catalog those materials, one that reported that all audiovisual materials were kept in the subject department~ and one library that simply checked "other" without specifying what arrangement was used. two libraries reported both a book catalog and a card catalog, but most libraries (fortysix) still have a card catalog; three have a book catalog, and one reported having a com catalog. of the forty-eight libraries, twentyone arrange catalog entries in dictionary order, seventeen have a divided catalog (sixteen divide their entries into author/title and subject order; and one library uses author and title/subject arrangement), nine libraries use a three-way divided catalog, and one librarian checked "other" and indicated that arrangement was by ddc . cataloging of audiovisual materials does not approach the same consistency of arrangement of entries as the cataloging of book materials. many libraries use more than one arrangement for their audiovisual materials, but twenty-four libraries do full cataloging with data interfiled in the central catalog; eight libraries do full cataloging but file the audiovisual entries in a separate catalog near the central catalog; one library does full cataloging and files the entries in separate drawers of the central catalog; six libraries do full cataloging but file the entries in a separate catalog in the audiovisual center; and nine libraries do full cataloging and file entries in both the central catalog and in a separate table 4 catalog codes used foh boo..:s _.\ ·d al 1dtm ·tst 1:\l l\1.-\tehi.-\ls books .-\udioyi sua l \lall'rials catalog codt" 1\umher l'ereent 1\umlwr percent aacr1 26 54.17 19 38.00 aacr2 16 33.33 14 28 .00 aect standards , 4th ed ., 1976 5 10.00 other 4 8.00 not answered 6 12 .. 50 8 16.00 total 48 100.00 50 100.00 catalog in the audiovisual center. three libraries use computer printouts for the recording of audiovisual materials, and this allows them to send copies to departmental offices and to branch libraries. five libraries issue a mimeographed list of audiovisual materials, and seven libraries use a printed list (sometimes this printed list is sent to faculty members only). two libraries do not catalog audiovisual materials. the identification of audiovisual materials in the catalog takes many forms. again, more than one form may be used by a single library . three designations were equally favored. eighteen libraries use symbol designations , another eighteen use the medium designation, and eighteen libraries use a color code or color banding. two libraries use a medium designation in the body of the card similar to , or according to , the general material designation recommended by aacr2. two libraries reported using no designation. of the eighteen libraries using a color code or banding, fifteen indicated the colors used, while three did not . it was difficult to bring order out of these patterns, as there seems to be no consistency as to which color code or banding is used for which medium . six libraries used one color to designate audiovisual materials, but there was no agreement on the color-two used red, one used blue, two used green, and one used orange . one library used blue for audio materials , and green for visual materials . one library used eleven different colors ; after running out of single colors , stripes were used . one library used ten colors; . in addition to a two-color stripe, wide and narrow , single-color stripes were used. instead of using color banding for media designations, one library used colors to indicate subject areas in the library: red for humanities , light blue for social sciences, dark blue for business and science technology, brown for industrial technology, and green for natural sciences. the application of a color code or color banding seems fraught with difficulties, given the multiplicity of formats and subjects. one librarian reported that all audiovisual call numbers were headed with a w, followed by a medium designation and the call number, such as wkt lb2735. f6. another library used a format designation plus the year acquired and an accession number, i.e., cataloging and classification i 337 fs/tc 75-167-a filmstrip with a tape cassette acquired in 1975 as the one hundred sixty-seventh filmstrip received that year. one librarian stated: "at one time , we used color codes and abbreviations for the various forms of a v materials. we also used sequential numbering for each medium , e . g ., at10-audiotape-tenth tape to be added to the collection. we now assign lc classification numbers and use the same color card that we use for books . we are considering going back to using color-coded cards because our students often ask for a list of audiovisual materials owned by our library . it will be easier to access this information if we used a colorcoded system." the shelving of audiovisual materials presents many problems because of the varying sizes and shapes of these materials. librarians do not agree on shelving patterns, and in many cases they use different patterns to shelve different types of materials. all audiovisual materials may be on closed shelves or in a closed area with the exception of sound recordings , which might be in open bins for browsing. all audiovisual materials might be intershelved with book materials with the exception of 16mm films. among the libraries that responded to this survey, thirty-nine reported that audiovisual materials were in a closed area (twenty-six on closed shelves and thirteen in closed cabinets) but in some cases this area was open to faculty members , and twenty-four reported that audiovisual materials, or at least some of them, were in an area open to faculty and students (nineteen kept these materials on open shelves and five kept them in open access cabinets or drawers). one librarian reported that these materials were kept in the subject department. of the libraries that shelved these materials in open areas, six intershelved audiovisual materials with books , twelve separated them by format or medium, and eight separated them by classification number. one librarian did not respond. although it seems that there are more exceptions for the shelving gf audiovisual materials, it must be remembered that there are also exceptions for printed materials because periodicals , government publications, and pamphlets are shelved in special ways. the more patterns of arrangement of materials by format or by the package in which materials are organized, the more difficult it becomes 338 i college & research libraries • july 1981 to try to gather together all the materials that a library owns on one subject. librarians were asked about their participation in computerized cataloging networks. although two librarians did not respond to this question, thirty-nine reported that they did not participate in computerized cataloging networks. two of these libraries were using commercial processing services and two received their cataloging from a centralized technical service operation for the district. only seven libraries were participating in computerized cataloging networks, six of them with oclc and one with wln (washington library network). librarians were asked if they were planning to participate in such a network; twenty-three said no, seven said yes, eight were undecided, and three did not respond. the final section of the questionnaire included questions regarding cataloging and classification staff, numbers of materials added, and percentage of cataloging copy from original and commercial sources. most of the forty-eight libraries responding reported that they had only one full-time professional cataloging person; nineteen libraries reported one professional, and fifteen reported one paraprofessional staff. another twenty reported none, or less than one, professional staff, and sixteen reported none, or less than one, paraprofessional staff. four libraries reported two professionals, and one library reported three professionals . four did not report their professional staff. fourteen libraries reported more than one paraprofessional staff, and three did not respond to this question. (see table 5.) of the forty-eight libraries, twenty reported no weekly hours of student workers, nine reported one to ten hours, ten reported eleven to twenty hours, four reported twenty-one to thirty hours, and two reported forty-one to fifty hours. three did not respond to this question. on a monthly basis, libraries added more books than audiovisual materials to their collections. five hundred books or fewer were added monthly by thirty-three libraries; thirty-one libraries added 100 or fewer audiovisual items. several librarians reported that they did not keep these statistics, and five librarians did not respond to this question. (see table 6.) more original cataloging was done for audiovisual materials than for book materials. only three libraries reported doing 91 to 100 percent original cataloging for books while twenty libraries reported doing 91 to 100 percent original cataloging for audiovisual materials. ten libraries reported that they did not record this data. (see table 7.) librarians were asked if they had done any studies on cataloging costs; three said yes and forty no. two were in the process of completing cost studies, and three did not answer this question. one librarian reported that a study had been done a number of years ago but was no longer valid. the cataloging and classification practices of typical two-year college libraries as they entered the 1980s can be summarized as follows: book collections are classified by either the dewey decimal classification system or the library of congress classification system, and audiovisual materials are classified in a variety of arrangements. library of congress subject headings are used for both books and audiovisual materials. periodicals are shelved in alphabetical order by title. microforms are arranged in special cabinets or drawers by table 5 cataloging and classifi c atioi\ staff 11\ fte ( fl1ll-ti\ie e()l' i\ ':\lei\t) prnft"ssional parapnlfcssional i\ umb er of 1\umhcr or fte librari es pl'rn·nt libraries pcrn•nt none 4 8.33 5 10.42 less than 1 16 33.33 11 22 .92 1.00 19 39.58 15 31.25 1.50 5 10.42 2. ()() 4 8.33 5 10.42 2.50 1 2.08 2.75 1 2.08 3. ()() 1 2.08 2 4.17 no answer 4 8.33 3 6.25 total 48 99 .98 48 100.01 cataloging am/ classificatiou i 339 table 6 b oo ks and al1dio\'isl' al l\.1.-h ehi:\ls add eij to coll ectio ·s books !'\umbe r or .\udim·isual \lat e ri als l\uujij<•r of numbe r libra ri e s pt•rct·nt lib raries p,.,'l'<' nl 0 1-50 51100 101-150 151-200 201250 251-300 301-350 351-400 401-450 451-500 500+ not recorded not answe red total 2 12 5 3 4 2 3 1 1 1 9 5 48 title or author. government publications are cataloged and classified in the same way as other books, pamphlets , and periodicals. career pamphlets are housed in a separate career-counseling center. other pamphlets are arranged in alphabetical order using library of congress subject headings. aacr1 is used as the cataloging code for both books and audiovisual materials, and change to aacr2 is anticipated. libraries have a card catalog arranged either in dictionary or in divided order. audiovisual materials are classified and cataloged in a variety of ways; call number designations for these materials are varied. most audiovisual materials are shelved in table 7 use of ori g in al al\d co~i\iercial catalog i ·c autli o\'isual boo ks \l ate rial s pe rce nt orig. c ml. ori~. c ml. 0 1 3 18 1-10 15 4 ll-20 5 2 1 21-30 4 1 31-40 1 1 1 41-50 2 2 3 3 51-60 1 1 61-70 1 1 71-80 6 1 2 81-90 9 3 91-100 3 9 20 unusable or no response 6 6 7 7 data not recorded 10 10 10 10 total 48 48 48 48 -! . 17 25.00 10.-!2 g.2.5 8. :33 -!.17 6.25 2.08 2.08 2.0h 18.7.5 10.-!2 100.00 27 :3 1 11 5 -th 2.0h 5{) .2.5 g.25 2.0h 22 .92 10.-!2 100.00 closed-access areas. libraries do not yet participate in computerized cataloging networks and either are not planning to participate or are undecided. cataloging staffs consist of one full-time professional and one paraprofessional person or less with no student help . on a monthly basis , 500 books or fewer are added to the collection and 100 audiovisual items or fewer are added. more original cataloging is done for audiovisual materials than for books. the data indicate that two-year college libraries are traditionally organized libraries as they enter the 1980s. most audiovisual materials are classified and cataloged, but it seems evident that they have not been fully accepted or integrated into the book collection. with the advent of the computer age, it will be interesting to replicate this study in the year 2000 to see what impact the computer will have on these libraries. references 1. elizabeth woodfin matthews , "characteristics and academic preparation of directors of library-learning resource centers in selected community colleges " (ph . d . dissertation, southern illinois univ., carbondale, 1972), p . 129. lcc was used by 56.4 percent of the 420 libraries in this study and ddc was used by 42.9 percent. catherine johnson, " classification systems used in illinois public community college learning resource centers" (m . s. research paper, southern illinois univ. , carbondale, 1974), p . l6. lcc was used by 70 percent of 40 community college libraries in illinois, ddc was used by 30 percent. 340 i college & research libraries • july 1981 2. arthur ray rowland, " cataloging and classification in junior college libraries ," library resources & technical services 7:254 (summer 1963). rowland reported that 96 .5 percent of 315 junior college libraries were using d dc and only 3.5 percent were using lcc. desmond taylor, " classification trends in junior college libraries ," college & research libraries 29:352 (sept. 1968). taylor reported 77.1 percent of 690 junior college libraries using ddc and 13.3 percent using lcc . he also reported that 8.4 percent were changing from ddc to lcc, and 0.6 percent were planning to change . 3 . rand corporation , a million random digits with 100,000 normal deviates (glencoe , ill .: free pr. , 1955), p.4. reprinted in ray l. carp ente r and ellen storey vasu , statistical methods for librarians (chicago: ame rican library assn. , 1978), p . 96---97. college and research libraries telecommuting for original cataloging at the michigan state , university libraries leah black and colleen hyslop telecommuting has become a popular option in recent years for workers in the business world seeking relief from lengthy, stressful commutes and workplace distractions. working conditions in library technical services departments can be a problem for catalogers in need of a quiet work environment. as technological advances continue to influence library cataloging applications, creating cataloging records from work sites outside the library is an attractive option for addressing library work environment concerns. based on a successful program for indexers at the national agriculture library, a proposal for an experimental telecommuting program for original cataloging in a university library was developed and tested. d elecommuting arrangements in the business world have become common in recent years. · increasingly lengthy commutes on crowded freeways, sophisticated technological capabilities combined with employee needs, and environmental issues have prompted companies to develop and implement programs allowing employees to work from their homes. computer links between office and home and electronic mail systems are among the methods employed to enable the at-home worker to communicate with the office. while some businesses allow workers to telecommute five days a week, others combine in-office with at-home work arrangements enabling the employee to work from home some portion of each week. while telecommuting arrangements in libraries are not so pr~valent as those in the business world, to some extent because some library activities require staffing at a public desk or handling of materials on-site, technological advances in library applications have made the idea of telecommuting in library work increasingly attractive. staffing issues and the increasing need for flexibility may be the catalysts that force libraries to examine telecommuting arrangements as one means of addressing these concerns. in addition, successful programs such as the national agriculture library's extremely popular flexiplace option now provide valuable precedent. at the michigan state university libraries, a need for flexible arrangements providing varied workplace choices has been identified as a means of enhancing employee satisfaction. since the cataloger may now search online sources such as oclc and library online catalogs for possible classification numbers and subject headings, and since printed leah black is catalog librarian at michigan state university libraries, east lansing, michigan 48824; e-mail: 20676lcb@msu.edu. colleen hyslop is assistant director for technical services at michigan state university libraries, east lansing, michigan 48824; e-mail: 20676cfh@msu.edu. 319 320 college & research libraries tools such as classification schedules and· subject headings are being converted to machine-readable online formats, it seemed reasonable to pursue the possibility that a process for creating cataloging records from work sites outside the library could be developed. interest on the part of one cataloger, with substantial support from technical services administration, prompted a request for funding to pursue the development and implementation of a telecommuting pilot project for cataloging. library administrators chose original cataloging for the test because professional staff composed the unit, and the structure and scheduling of original cataloging was appropriate for the type of experiment under consideration. the unionized environment for support staff made the program design more complicated, so copy cataloging was not considered for the pilot test. in preparation for the development of the telecommuting plan .for the michigan state university libraries, staff at the national agriculture library participating in the flexiplace program were interviewed during a two-day visit in may 1993. participants and supervisors representing both indexing and public services staff were included. issues for telecommuters were identified through a literature search prior to the interviews and included communication difficulties, isolation, misconceptions about telecommuting on the part of coworkers, and difficulties maintaining an appropriate separation between work and home life. similarly, library administrators' concerns included supervisory and performance evaluation issues, scheduling difficulties for other staff members, liability, budgets and equipment, procedural issues, and criteria for participating. using a list of questions developed and distributed prior to the visit, the interviews provided a wealth of information about the issues and problems associated with developing and implementing a telecommuting program. the enthusiasm of the national agriculture library participants and their willingness to share both their experiences and july 1995 program documentation impressed the interviewers. they presented the proposal for telecommuting developed in consultation with various library units, including systems and the original catalogers team, to the libraries' administration for consideration in february 1994. the program was designed as an experimental project for one original cataloger to test the following basic telecommuting assumptions: • that a quieter, less distracting cataloging setting would have a positive impact on cataloging workflow, productivity, and costs; • that the level of employee satisfaction would be ·enhanced by work-style choices; • that library telecommunications' setup and operations could be configured satisfactorily; • that intralibrary communications would not be hindered; and • that other librarians might benefit from telecommuters' experiences. long-term goals of a permanent telecommuting program were also identified: • to provide work environment choices for librarians; • to make the best use of technological advancements and capabilities in a library setting; • to help alleviate overcrowded working conditions in technical services; to provide incentives for employees to remain with the university, and • to explore the applicability of telecommuting experiences in the business world to a library setting. the proposal document included: a program description, a memorandum of understanding outlining program guidelines and a library telecommuting policy, and defined responsibilities for the participant and the library in areas such as scheduling, time frame, librarysupplied equipment use, liability, and performance evaluation. the pilot program allowed the telecommuting cataloger to work from home up to two days per week, returning to the library for the remainder of the workweek. a telecommuting schedule mutually agreeable to telecommuting for original cataloging 321 the participant and the original catalogers team was developed and included on the team's calendar. cataloging records were created by the telecommuter offline, using the cataloging microenhancer plus software. original cataloging procedures at the msu libraries specify direct input of cataloging records into oclc, but the added cost of dial-access oclc use from an off-campus work site was prohibitive in the experimental stages. while internet access to oclc was highly desirable, the libraries' systems staff was unable to devote the time necessary for implementation of this access method. the pilot program allowed the telecommuting cataloger to work from home up to two days per week, returning to the library for the remainder of the workweek. equipment requirements were identified in consultation with the libraries' systems staff, and the telecommuter's personal equipment was used since it met the basic program requirements. the program description provided a mechanism for original catalogers without personal computers at home to participate using library equipment, but this approach was not tested since no original cataloger in that circumstance expressed an interest in participating. the libraries supplied the software necessary for the project, including the cataloging microenhancer plus for offline cataloging record creation, oclc's passport for dial-access oclc use, and kermit for access to the libraries' online catalog and the university's gopher system. word processing software was already available, allowing the telecommuter flexibility to work on other assigned duties from home. the telecommuter installed the software successfully and did not require assistance from the libraries' systems staff. program expenses were limited to purchase of the catme+ software and dial-access oclc fees. since the latter was an added expense for the msu libraries, use of dial-access to oclc was judicious. careful presearching using dedicated-line oclc terminals in the library met most searching needs, and the dial-access connection was used from home most often for quick authority searches. the telecommuter prepared draft cataloging records which required access to the piece being cataloged and selected cataloging tools. the uncataloged materials were carried home each week by the telecommuter, and copies of aacr2 and oclc formats were available to the telecommuter at both in-library and athome work sites. the telecommuter was able to complete drafts for ten to twelve items in a typical at-home workday. since the telecommuting cataloger worked from home no more than two days per week, materials being cataloged were not absent from the library for long periods of time. tentative subject headings and call numbers were determined at home by access to the libraries' online catalog (magic), oclc, and other libraries' online catalogs, with final assignments made later, after consulting lcsh and the classification schedules in the library. records were uploaded into oclc after completion upon return to the library. problems which required consultation with colleagues or reference sources in the library were handled by telephone or electronic mail contacts, or by setting the piece aside for later completion. access to voice and electronic mail ensured effective communication channels between the telecommuting cataloger and other library staff members and colleagues. each cataloger at the msu libraries has a private work telephone number with voice mail capability, so the telecommuter was able to easily retrieve messages from home and in-library staff were not burdened with recording and transferring messages to the telecommuter at home. · evaluation criteria for the six-month experiment included a statement from the telecommuter addressing work environment issues, cataloging workflow and productivity, communication issues, 322 college & research libraries effect on committee assignments and other noncataloging duties, telecommunications operation, effect on cooperative projects and general workflow, and a comparison of statistics for the pilot project period and the six months preceding the experiment. the pilot program was implemented june 1, 1994, and o_fficially concluded november 30,1994. an evaluation of the project is under way. preliminary conclusions indicate the process as designed was successful and reasonably efficient, with both the library and the telecommuter pleased with the program's outcome. the telecommuter's at-home office arrangement proved to be a comfortable improvement over the main library's crowded and busy technical services department. original cataloging output increased for the test period, although an increase in productivity was not considered a criterion for success. the cataloging workflow as designed was adequate, although the interruption in the workflow required by lack of access to lcsh and classification schedules at home was a greater problem than anticipated. the telecommuter reported occasional feelings of isolation when working at home, and concluded that while the chatter of co-workers and background noises such as ringing telephones can hinder concentration, the social nature of the in-library environment can be a comfort as well. telecommunications links during the test period were trouble-free; at no time was the telecommuter unable to work from home due to lack of access to needed systems. for the cataloger disadvantaged by a noisy working environment, cataloging from home provides a more controlled and individually suitable work setting. away from the distractions inherent in an overly social work environment, a cataloger's work output is potentially enhanced. however, online access to a wider range of cataloging resources is july 1995 necessary to realize the full potential of the telecommuting process. access to oclc via the internet is also critical. until the cataloging record can be completed and input from the home work site, the process will have achieved only a limited degree of success. the pilot test was successful in proving that original cataloging can be accomplished from a home work site, but expansion and improvement in technological access are necessary for telecommuting to be considered a strong alternative to a traditional cataloging setting at michigan state university. it is important that an effort be made to realize the potential of this alternative. in a recent journal article on telecommuting in a library environment, delores meglio clearly outlines the advantages of such arrangements: computers, modems, hard disks, cd-rom, and other technologies have provided the means of doing work away from the library or corporate headquarters. new technology allows companies to develop effective telecommuting programs with enormous benefits for both staff and employer. for the employer, it means less employee turnover, less absenteeism, improved morale, increased flexibility, lower overhead costs and increased overall efficiency. for the staffers who work at home, telecommuting allows greater flexibility of and control over their schedules, ... ability to pursue other interests, and a more desirable environment. in this situation, both the employee and employer gain.* a successful telecommuting program for cataloging at the michigan state university libraries could reduce staff crowding in the main library building, boost morale, reduce environmental pollution and parking congestion, provide a less stressful work environment, take advantage of technology, and offer a variety of positive work options to catalogers. * delores meglio, "implications of telecommuting in a library environment," library administration and management 5, no. 1 (winter 1991): 30-33. telecommuting for original cataloging 323 selected bibliography "at home work uncommon in libraries." library personnel news 4, no. 1 (winter 1990): 2. basch,reva. "a day in the life of an electronic cottager." electronic library 10, no. 3 (1992): 131-32. caudron, shari. "working at home pays off." personnel journal77 (nov. 1992): 42-49. entlich, richard, william fenwick, and dongming zhang. "enhancing the processing environment: the development of a technical services workstation." information technology and libraries 11 (dec. 1992): 324-38. filipczak, bob. "telecommuting, a better way to work?" training 29 (may 1992): 53-61. joseph, patricia a. "telecommuting and social change." 1984 challenges to an information society: proceedings of the 47th asis annual meeting (1984): 23-25; luce, richard e., and susan hartman. "telecommuting to work: using technology to work at home." library hi tech 2, no. 4 (1984): 79-83. o'malley, christopher. "top 10 home office misconceptions." personal computing 13 (nov. 1989): 67-70. human resources committee of the president's council on management improvement, guidelines for pilot flexible workplace arrangements. 1990. sapon-white, richard e .. "cataloging using internet-accessible library catalogs." technicalities 11, no. 10 (1991): 7-8. weiss, julian m. "working at home a plus for u.s. agencies." computer digest (sept. 1992): 17. use internet to u c · n over ... uncover uncover uncover uncover 50s 6 million articles from reveal complete order articles by fax, 20,000 multidisciplinary electronic toc pre-1989 journals phone, e-mail or post periodicals delivered by service with can be ordered from uncover's single fax in 24 hours or less user profiling online order source service the uncover company e-mail: uncover@carl.org 380 i east florida avenue, suite 200 0 denver, co 8021 0, usa phone: 1-800-787-7979 o fax: 303-758-5946 readmore, inc. unea.w . .. articles 22 cortlandt street new york, ny i 0007 phone: 1-800-221-3306 anytime, anywhere uncover is a service of readmore, inc. ~ ro:ru, .. (' "vi '·~s;~~~eutel!mgi{:m full book processing · · tabl~~ ~f. t6~t~htsf ...•.•. '1 __ .{jh~¥:8ff~<._c;~ttff01.::· ••· ..... /\(_ ··-•·•·•••••· : .. · .. /_, .•..•. •·••./ !. ftp marc records worldwide ::• (s)ttt prompt<ddfr.m· pldvidet ·····i•<fi?tal~ro:~~t.~~;: .. ~ce ····ft-:rt9fffi ... \ ::. black\!reri notth a.inbric} · /\c .. _.f< \}} ~a\ce ?~~~r~;' >~~ · black'10:~~t ~-i .. college and research libraries the birth of a network: the brazilian struggle janet frederick a national plan for university libraries in brazil recommends a center for cooperative cataloging, a standard format for computerized cataloging, and development of an online network of libraries. problems associated with online network implementation in brazil, such as computer import restrictions, changes in government agencies, and an historical lack of resource sharing, are discussed. the prognosis is positive; the need and motivation are strong. ibrarians in brazil are seeking to link university libraries via a cooperative cataloging network. during a five-month visit there spent attending a national conference, visiting libraries, and, most importantly, talking to librarians at the forefront of technological change, i learned of the national plan for university libraries and of progress toward its implementation. 1 these librarians described the history of computers in brazil, library automation development, the politics of change, and the attitudes and ideals of those involved. 2 although progress toward building a network continues to be a struggle, expertise and the desire to succeed are evident. brazil's economic situation is but one hurdle; a new spirit of cooperation will be necessary to ensure better service and further technological advances. librarians in brazil seek technological improvements to upgrade service and bibliographic control and to increase cooperation. in addition, last year the ministry of education and culture approved the creation of a national center for a cooperative cataloging network and the adoption of a standardized format for machine-readable cataloging. in some ways the progress toward a shared cataloging network paralleis that of the united states; in many other ways the brazilian experience is quite different. attaining the lofty goal of linking libraries throughout brazil through technological means, thereby improving cooperation and resource sharing, will not be easy. because their country is also engaged in a struggle for more rapid economic development, librarians face an uphill battle. still, the desire to succeed is strong, and many dedicated individuals are working hard to realize this dream. the setting brazil is the world's fifth largest country in area and the sixth largest in population (140 million people). the language is portuguese and catholicism is the predominant religion. due to the massive importation of africans for slave labor and the large influx of european and japanese immigrants, however, brazil's cultures and customs are diverse. brazil is largely urban. the two largest cities, rio de janeiro and sao paulo, have around twelve and fifteen million inhabitants respectively. brazil is industrializing rapidly; one of the largest industries is automobile manufacturing. volkswagen do brasil, for example, exports parts and cars janet frederick is head, bibliographic database management department, general library, university of new mexico, albuquerque, new mexico 87131 . 76 to countries throughout the world, including the united states. brazil's gross national product ranks among the top ten in the world. in contrast to the modem cities of brazil with their multinational corporations and sprawling factories, technological advancement has lagged in such areas as the information industry. one reason for slow growth in computerization has been the informatica legislation that brought coordination of research, development, and production of electronic components under government control and established a protected microcomputer market. 3 computers in brazil computers made their debut in the 1950s as brazilian industry modernized rapidly. the first computers, principally ibm and burroughs mainframes, were imported. by the 1960s brazilian universities were training engineers in electronics and data processing. specialists went to the united states or europe for advanced training and many were frustrated on their return by the absence of a high technology industry in brazil. according to peter evans, "modernization of brazilian higher education and of the labor market generated a group of 'frustrated nationalist technicians' with strong personal and ideological interests in the creation of a local computer industry. '' 4 the 1970s saw advances in the computer area, and from 1969 to 1974 hardware imports increased by 600 percent. 5 brazil saw the need to develop its own computer industry, and in 1972 the government created capre, the commission for the coordination of electronic processing activities. capre became a ''powerful regulatory organ capable of generating an industrial policy for the brazilian industry."6 after a challenge to brazil's import restrictions by multinational computer companies, the government saw the need for a more decisive policy if it were to succeed in this highly competitive field. in 1979, a stronger agency was created: the special informatics secretariat (sei). sei became "an aggressive defender of the nationalist line."7 by 1983, local computer companies accounted for almost birth of a network 77 half the market, and with the advent of the microcomputer, the industry grew even faster. brazil was able to change its posture from relying on imported computers to importing components and creating domestic products. the informatics debate continues. the dilemma hinges on the lack of resources to address pressing problems of illiteracy, inadequate housing, and unemployment. still, the country cannot afford to be without modern technology. as cavan mccarthy observes, automated information systems ''are not only products of industrialised societies, they are also tools which in themselves promote industrialisation. " 8 moreover, brazilian computers often cost two to three times as much as the u.s. equivalents, and complications abound due to the independent development of systems and software and the lack of standards and guidelines. victor rosenberg notes that although the government of a developing country must appear independent of more powerful countries, the truth is that countries are becoming more interdependent in areas of technology.9 thus, changes in government agencies, industries, and import laws related to automation and information science have had a negative impact on library automation. computers in libraries development of automated library systems has occurred independently, in most cases without guidelines or standards. in some instances institutions automated library functions simply because time was available on the local mainframe. mccarthy's study of library automation in brazil (conducted between 1980 and 1984) included direct information on thirty-one institutions and indirect data on twelve others that reportedly had automated some functions. 10 he found that 40 percent of the institutions surveyed acknowledged having been influenced by another system; another 40 percent developed their systems independently. import restrictions have certainly interfered with installations of turnkey systems or even widespread use of software programs developed for library operations. however, 78 college & research libraries there are other factors that contribute to isolated development of automated library systems. thirty-one schools offer bachelor's degrees in library science; five, master's degrees; and one, the university of brasilia, a doctoral degree. because of the proliferation of library science programs, most librarians can and do stay in one place throughout their careers. communication and exchange of ideas between librarians have been difficult in the past. distances are great between metropolitan areas in brazil, and there have been few national conferences. until the present decade, very little knowledge regarding library automation was shared. all this is changing. in 1980 the brazilian institute for information in science and technology (ibict), the body responsible for assigning issns and publishing the national union catalog of serials, was charged with coordinating library automation activities in the country. in 1981, the second seminar on university libraries included a symposium on automated systems, and in 1984 two national seminars were devoted to library automation. in early 1987 i visited fifteen libraries throughout brazil and talked with numerous librarians. i was able to learn of problems with developing and continuing automated library systems. many of the larger university libraries have automated at least cataloging activities, and special libraries have automated other functions as well. for the most part, only special libraries can afford to use online retrieval systems such as dialog. telecommunication capability has only recently been available in brazil, since the introduction of interdata (international network) in 1982 and renpac (domestic network) in 1984. one of the first (1972) and most impressive systems is that of the data processing center of the federal senate, prodasen, which includes scion, the national congressional information system. scion contains a bibliographic database (bipe, bibliotecas e peri6dicos), an authority file (autr) for personal and corporate names, and a controlled vocabulary database (vcbs) as an online thesaurus. the january 1989 system handles acquisition records, cataloging, circulation, and online public access. as of march 1987, the bipe database contained more than 100,000 monographic titles and more than 100,000 periodical articles. other governmental and specialized bibliographic databases in brazil include binagre (national library of agriculture), bireme (regional medical library, sao paulo), camara (federal chamber of deputies), cenagri (national center for documentary information in agriculture), cimec (center for informatics of the ministry of education and culture), cin (nuclear information center), ipen (institute for energy and nuclear research), electrobras (brazilian electrical generating company), and petrobras (brazilian petroleum company). two public libraries have automated some activities: the public library of sao paulo (using a dobis-like system), and the library in sao bernardo do campo, which developed its own integrated system called taubipe (total automation of public and special libraries). 11 several university libraries have automated systems for various functions. the catholic university of rio de janeiro has implemented serials control, ,the university of brasilia and the university of sao paulo have automated cataloging and acquisitions, and the catholic university of pernambuco has online indexing of periodical articles, to name a few. the university of sao paulo's system, sibi (integrated system for libraries), is currently the largest cataloging database in brazil. developed in 1981 to handle bibliographic records for 42 libraries at four campuses, they planned to have over 700,000 monographic titles and 32,000 periodicals entered into the system by june 1987. many librarians in brazil feel a need for cooperative development of library automation but see it hindered by these independently developed systems, which lack standards. nice figueiredo states, "these initial systems in brazil were isolated, with few possibilities for continuity and were implemented to satisfy local needs only, with restricted performance." 12 a common complaint is that even the libraries of the senate and chamber of deputies, located in the same building, have separate, incompatible systems. nevertheless, work is progressing toward the development of a framework for an online network for brazilian libraries, as the following brief history and discussion of · plans will show. sistema bibliodata-calco in 1972, alice principe barbosa proposed the brazilian marc format, called calco ("catalogac;ao legivel por computador-machine-readable cataloging''), in her master's thesis. 13 calco was based on the library of congress marc ii format. barbosa had been director of the cataloging interchange service (sic), under the auspices of the department of public service administration (dasp). sic was founded in 1942 by lygia de queiroz sambaquy, then director of the brazilian institute for bibliography and documentation (ibbd), after her visit to the u.s. library of congress, where she was impressed with the cooperative cataloging program. through sic, libraries in brazil contributed cataloging data and received free catalog cards. cards were also made available to other libraries. from 1972 the calco format was studied and revised by the ministry of education and culture at the urging of the national library. jannice de mello monte-mor was director of the national library at that time and, upon her retirement in 1979, further work on the calco format was discontinued because the new director had no interest in the project. around the same time ibbd became ibict and, due to organizational changes, work on the calco format was suspended. nevertheless, by 1978 two manuals on the calco format were available: one produced by the national library for bibliographic data input and the other b~ ibict for bibliographic data interchange. 4 in the late 1970s, the getulio vargas foundation (fgv) in rio de janeiro began using the calco format, contracting with other libraries to computerize their cataloging activities. the national library joined fgv for computerized cataloging, and thus cooperative cataloging was reinbirth of a network 79 stituted in brazil. a shared cataloging database was born, and national standards began to be implemented. twenty-seven libraries have since contracted with the fgv for cataloging services and products. currently libraries enter cataloging onto floppy disks. the disks are sent to fgv, and the libraries receive catalog cards, spine labels, and other items in return. libraries also receive monthly the bibliodata database (about 160,000 titles) on microfiche for searching prior to cataloging. future plans include adding music and audiovisual formats, an authority file, and telecommunication access for online searching and cataloging. the national plan at the fifth seminar for university libraries held in porto alegre in january 1987, the main topic was the national plan for university libraries (pnbu), whose goals included the promotion of'' computerization of technical and administrative procedures within university libraries.'' the objectives listed were (a) to develop a network for exchanging of bibliographic and documentary data with an extensive data bank . . . (b) maintaining a center which shall supply information concerning library automation ... (c) encouraging development of suitable software for achieving automation of all library functions; and (d) supporting adoption of the calco interchange format . . . and ensuring compatibility with international standards. 15 during the previous year, representatives from the major federal university libraries had visited fgv and the university of sao paulo (usp) to look at both cataloging systems. the usp system was considered a viable database due to its size. there had been little quality control in the sibi database, however, and a great many entries had been duplicated. bibliodata, on the other hand, has maintained extremely high standards of data input, to the point of offering the participating libraries authority work done by the staff at fgv' s central library. at the porto alegre conference, a working group of representatives from the university libraries was formed to make rec80 college & research libraries ommendations to the government regarding implementation of the steps in the national plan. 16 they recommended that the calco format be adopted by university libraries and that fgv be the central network office. by june 1987, a great deal of discussion was underway about coordination, contracts, and costs. one of the main problems is cooperation. brazilian librarians are not used to this concept. for example, interlibrary loan is virtually non-existent in brazil. murilo da cunha states that as use of online databases increases so will resource sharing; but currently document delivery is the only measurable type of interlibrary loan that occurs. 17 with regard to sharing cataloging, some librarians remark that their library will be providing cataloging for other libraries, but that they will find little in the database for their own use. this sort of skepticism is understandable in light of the fact that online shared cataloging is a relatively new concept in brazil. professor da cunha, director of the university of brasilia library and library school, believes that university libraries in brazil must join together to achieve their service objectives. according to him, in 1979 there were three million uncataloged books in university libraries; by sharing cataloging via an online network, the processing time and cost will decrease considerably. 18 economic necessity often spawns resource sharing, and this is certainly a factor motivating brazilian librarians as they look toward online networking for help. beginnings of a network: united states/brazil online library networking can be defined as ''a group of libraries linked together in a computer and telecommunications system for the purpose of particigating in a common system or service.'' certain conditions must exist for networking to succeed. among the seven listed by glyn evans, three exist in brazil today and a fourth is in development. economic pressures and the laborintensive nature of library services, which combine to form one of the conditions necessary for networking, are of prime imporjanuary 1989 tance to brazilian librarians. budgets are small and cataloging work is extensive. for example, most periodicals are analyzed because indexes are not available. a great deal of detail goes into cataloging activities: aacr2 rules and isbd standards are rigorously applied; authority work is extensive because brazilian names are complicated. 20 the existence of technical standards, such as the marc formats, is another condition evans mentions. the calco format is operational and is, in fact, being used by 27 or more libraries sharing the bibliodata system. it has also served as a guide for formats developed independently at other institutions. some revision is still being done, notably the addition of new formats and enhancements for bibliographic interchange. ibict began development of a standard format for bibliographic and cataloging interchange called "formato ibict (intercambio bibliografico e catalografico)" in 1981:21 another factor motivating online networking is the societal need for timely information. as a developing country, brazil requires access to up-to-date sources of data. according to rosenberg, "the importing of information is critical to national development and [to] the ultimate reduction of dependence on foreign resources."22 evans' fourth condition has to do with the development of online computing and telecommunications. as reported above, brazil's telecommunications network, renp ac, began in 1984. a consortium of university libraries would be more likely to afford the costs of renp ac and interdata by using a group contract that offered discounts for increased usage. but exactly how the university libraries plan to interconnect, or how the getulio vargas foundation can link the libraries to their computer, had not been determined by june 1987. the remaining three items listed by evans have to do with the volume and variety of published material in the united states and the decrease in computing costs. the publishing industry is small in brazil, and foreign books are expensive and difficult to acquire. however, periodical indexing and other massive data files are needed for access to information. computing costs, as reported above, are generally higher than in the united states. but the cost of not sharing resources is greater. the conditions outlined above may not be the primary motivations for brazilian librarians, but they are helping in efforts toward the cooperative development of a network. at the 1979 indianapolis conference on networks for networkers, norman stevens discussed the fundamental concepts of a network. these concepts can be compared to evans' conditions. more significantly, however, stevens pointed out that ii the actual developments in the operation of networks ... have shaped the concepts and not the reverse." 23 the design of brazil's operational network will not imitate development in another country but, rather, will reflect its own history. there are about 850 institutions of higher education in brazil, 22 of which are federal universities. twenty-seven libraries, including the national library and two federal universities, were using the bibliodata system by june 1987. if the remaining federal university libraries were to participate, fgv could certainly be considered a national bibliographic utility. the development of networks in the united states may serve as an example. oclc went online in 1971, ballots (now rlin) in 1972, and wln in 1975. these bibliographic utilities began as networks to serve local needs. oclc, for example, started at ohio college library center as a statewide network for ohio. ballots was created to serve stanford birth of a network 81 libraries and was later acquired by theresearch libraries group (rlg), and became rlin (research libraries information network). wln, first called washington library network, was designed by boeing for the washington state library. it is now the western library network. the phenomenal growth of oclc1 from 100,000 database records in 1971 to over five million within fewer than ten years, might serve as an example to brazilian librarians. whatever concerns early members of oclc had about computerized, shared cataloging were quickly dispelled when the benefits of lower costs, faster processing, and access to an enormous national union catalog were realized. summary the way has been paved. in late 1987, the fgv came under the auspices of the federal ministry of education and culture. this change can improve financial support, but can also encourage cooperation among the federal universities. at the beginning of the present decade, it was noted that "we [the united states] are in the midst of a library revolution as a result of computer-based networking and none of us can predict all of the impacts as change begets chanpe in the evolution of network service.' ' 2 brazil is now in the midst of a similar library revolution. but many of the problems faced by librarians in a developing country are so different from those encountered in the united states that the outcome-the resultant network-will assuredly operate in distinct and perhaps unusual ways to some u.s. eyes. references and notes i. this article is a result of a research allocation grant award by the university of new mexico in 1986-87 to study library automation in brazil. 2. the librarians interviewed in brazil are extraordinarily accommodating people. i wish to thank them all for their hospitality. especially helpful were jannice monte-mor and lydia sambaquy of the getulio vargas foundation, nice figueiredo of the federal university of rio de janeiro, murilo bastos da cunha of the university of brasilia, dinah poblacion of the university of sao paulo, and cavan mccarthy of the catholic university of pernambuco. 3. nice figueiredo, "the application of micro-computers in libraries: a case study on brazil," in the application of micro-computers in information, documentation and libraries (elsevier, north holland, 1987), p.543-48. 82 college & research libraries january 1989 4. peter b. evans, "state, capital, and the transformatton of dependence: the brazilian computer · case," world development 14:791-808 ouly 1986). 5. ibid ., p .794. 6. ibid., p.793. 7. ibid ., p.796 . 8. cavan m. mccarthy, "problems of library and information system automation in brazil," journal of information science 7:149-58 (dec. 1983). 9. victor rosenberg, "information policies of developing countries: the case of brazil," journal of the american society for information science 33:203-7 ouly 1982). 10. cavan mccarthy, the introduction of automated library and information services in a newly industrialised country: a case study of brazilian experience (halifax, nova scotia: dalhousie university, 1986). 11. janet frederick, "the computerization of a public library in a developing country: sao bernardo do campo, s.p., brazil," (submitted for publication, 1987). 12. figueiredo, "the application of micro-computers," p .545 . 13. alice principe barbosa, projecto calco: adapta<;ao de marc ii para implanta<;ao de uma central de processamento de cataloga<;ao cooperativa. (rio de janeiro, master's thesis, 1972). 14. sistema bibliodata-calco (rio de janeiro, funda<;ao getulio vargas, 1982); jannice montemor, unpublished history of sistema bffiliodata-calco (rio de janeiro, fgv, 1985); mccarthy, introduction of automated library and information services, p.154-55. 15. national plan for university libraries (pnbu) directive no. 287 (brasilia, sesu/bibl./doc plan/86-001, 1986). 16. janet frederick, "university libraries in brazil to share cataloging," college & research libraries news 48:201-04 (apr. 1987). 17. murilo bastos da cunha, "effects of data bases on brazilian libraries," (ann arbor, michigan, ph.d. thesis, univ. of michigan, 1982). 18. murilo bastos da cunha, "rede de dados bibliograficos no brasil: uma necessidade real," paper presented at the fifth national seminar of university libraries oan. 12-14, 1987) porto alegre, rio grande do sul, brazil. 19. glyn t. evans, ''on-line library networking: a bibliographic essay,'' bulletin of the american society for information science 5:11-14 oune 1979). 20. brazilians change their names, spell them differently at various times, and names are often a mix~ ture of portuguese and another nationality. 21. "formato ffiict," ciencia da informa9ao 14:175-80 (july/dec. 1985). 22. rosenberg, "information policies," p.204. 23. norman d. stevens, "an historical perspective on the concept of networks: some preliminary considerations," in networks for networkers (new york: neal-schuman, 1980), p.45. 24. barbara evans markuson, "revolution and evolution: critical issues in library network development," in networks for networkers (new york: neal-schuman, 1980), p.5 . in the past, reading instruction has been limited to the lower elementary grades. but because of the widespread criticism of the inability of college students to read, there are indications that in the years just ahead reading instruction will be part of the instructional program of all schools from first grade through college. -mildred hawksworth lowell, ''reading and the training school library ijune 1941), p.229 reviews book reviews 569 between users and creators of information; a british professor describes the develop­ ment of copyright guidelines by the joint information systems committees (jisc) in british higher education; and a british publishing consultant stresses the need for librarians and information providers to work together to create agreements rather than rely on copyright as it is created by the software and entertainment industries. the electronic publishing section opens with a description of the creation and development of the electronic publi­ cation journal of high energy physics. it concludes with an essay emphasizing the need for authors, readers, libraries, and referees to all be involved in marketing strategies for electronic publications in order to find “the right model for jour­ nals publishing in the 21st century.” the first practical case study describes the development of the british national electronic library for health (nelh) de­ signed to provide information to both health professionals and their patients. a chapter on the lombard interuniversity consortium for automated processing (cilea) explains how the group shares subscription costs by loading electronic journals on a shared server. “the italian digital library project (biblioteca telematica italiana)” describes how a digital library will be built “of texts highly representa­ tive of the italian cultural tradition from the middle ages to the 19th century.“ the need for standards and protocols to ensure accurate, accessible resources is addressed in the fourth section with an essay that examines the use of two inter­ national standards—the search and re­ trieve protocol (iso 29350) and the inter­ library loan protocol (iso 10160/1). “metadata and metatag: the indexer be­ tween author and reader” is about im­ portant metadata projects in progress and the role of the cataloger as a “third party” between author and reader. “a standard for the legal deposit of on-line publica­ tions” is concerned with the need to en­ sure continued access to electronic publi­ cations as technology and format con­ tinue to change. “projects” includes “co-operation among university library organizations in italy,” explaining the need for im­ proved cooperative efforts among italian university libraries; a chapter on sistema biomedico lombardo (sbbl), composed of sixteen libraries that provide health information to at least eighty lombard institutions through the internet; and an abstract for a presentation on the use of issn-based identifiers. “document delivery as an alterna­ tive to subscription” begins the section on electronic document delivery. “the digital future—realities and fantasy— a view from marketing” concludes that the transition from printed resources to the electronic library is not inevitable and, in fact, is progressing more slowly than has been predicted. “electronic document delivery: new tools and opportunities” focuses on the importance of the use of standards for successful document deliv­ ery, and the final presentation, “electronic document delivery—the corporate competitive edge,” consists only of the slides used by the presenter; the text was not available for publication. this book is an interesting review of british and italian library cooperation. it describes a number of digital library projects that are either under way or com­ pleted in both countries, as well as several projects in other parts of the world. con­ ference presenters were reasonably bal­ anced between creators and disseminators of electronic information. the main draw­ back, as is true for most proceedings even in an increasingly digital age, is that those interested in particular projects under de­ velopment at the time of presentation will have to go elsewhere to find current infor­ mation on them. however, that caveat is minor compared to the overall advantage of expanding one’s familiarity with digi­ tal library development beyond one’s own region or even country.—ann hamilton, georgia southern university. the future of cataloging: insights from the lubetzky symposium. eds. tschera harkness connell and robert l. max­ 570 college & research libraries november 2000 well. chicago: ala, 2000. 184p. $65 paper (isbn 0-8389-0778-4). lc 99-87247. although i had received a number of other suggestions for books to take with me, on a recent vacation to the beach, i chose to bring this cataloging book. i do love cataloging. it is fun, challenging, and rewarding, but i can live without it for a week, especially if i am on vacation. how­ ever, i knew that i had a book review i needed to write and vacation just seemed to be the only time available. in a way, i pitied the authors. they would have to hold my attention against the raging sea, the deep and soft sand, and the smells of salt air and seafood. it was almost unfair. or so i thought until i started reading. this book contains fourteen papers originally presented at a symposium in honor of seymour lubetzky held ten days before his one hundredth birthday. despite the book’s title, the papers actually cover the history, present concerns, and future of cataloging. in fact, because the majority of the papers do not deal with the future, i found the title to be inaccurate and mis­ leading. however, the content is excellent. for the most part, the papers are clear, con­ cise, and written in nontechnical language. this book is not written in “catalogerese.” instead, it discusses cataloging concepts and issues in terms that any librarian and most patrons could understand. the first part of the book contains three papers that focus on the history of cataloging concepts and especially on the contributions of seymour lubetzky. i found the first two papers by seymour lubetzky, in collaboration with elaine svenonius and michael gorman, respec­ tively, to be excellent overviews. after cataloging for almost ten years, i finally learned how and why the cataloging rules were originally conceived and developed. these two chapters should be read by every cataloging student and probably by many experienced catalogers. the second part of the book consists of five papers on current thinking in catalog­ ing, most of which also include historical information that relate current develop­ ments to lubetzky’s guiding principles. of these principles, the one that receives the most attention is his concept of the “work.” the “work” is not a distinct bibliographic entity but, rather, the intellectual work behind the bibliographic entity. lubetzky statement of ownership, management, and circulation college & research libraries, issn 0010-0870, is published bimonthly by the association of college and research libraries, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795. the editor is donald riggs, nova southeastern university, 3301 college avenue, ft. lauderdale, fl 33314-7796. annual subscription price, $60.00. printed in u.s.a. with second-class postage paid at chicago, illinois. as a nonprofit organization authorized to mail at special rates (dmm section 424.12 only), the purpose, function, and nonprofit status of this organization and the exempt status for federal income tax purposes have not changed during the preceding twelve months. extent and nature of circulation (average figures denote the average number of copies printed each issue during the preceding twelve months; actual figures denote actual number of copies of single issue published nearest filing date: september 2000 issue.) total number of copies printed: average 12,778; actual 12,640. sales through dealers, carriers, street vendors, and counter sales: none. mail subscription: av­ erage 12,447; actual 12,599. free distribution: average 33; actual 33. total distribution: average 12,480; actual 12,632. office use, leftover, unaccounted, spoiled after printing: average 298; actual 8. total: average 12,778; actual 12,640. statement of ownership, management, and circulation (ps form 3526, oct. 1999) for 2000 filed with the united states post office postmaster in chicago, october 1, 2000. book reviews 571 felt that all versions of a “work” should be linked so that if a patron searched one ver­ sion, he or she would automatically find all the others available in the catalog. this is what we attempt to accomplish through the use of uniform titles and other special­ ized catalog entries. martha m. yee’s pa­ per addressing these linkages is especially interesting and well conceived. she has great ideas about how to group informa­ tion in a catalog so that the user can see the relationships, and she includes excel­ lent examples to illustrate these ideas. also especially noteworthy are allyson carlyle’s paper on indexes of search results and their organization and michael carpenter’s paper on the online catalog display of searches in which he argues for a more web-type display, employing dif­ ferent fonts, etc., for helping the user see the various relationships. the last part of the book contains six papers on the future of cataloging. i found this to be the most enjoyable section of the book. the chapters are concise and yet packed with information. although one does not find the answers to the catalog­ ing problems of the future here, one does find many thought-provoking discussions on the future of cataloging. topics covered index to advertisers acrl 544, 565, 566 aiaa 480, 545 archival products 489 choice 565, 573 ebsco cover 4 elsevier science 493, 495, 497 endocrine society 554 faxon/rowecom 490 getty trust 574 greenwood publishing 499 grove’s dictionaries cover 3 lexis-nexis 479 library technologies 483 m. moleiro 509 oclc 485 pnas 535 primary source microfilm cover 2 salem press 534 theatre research data group 524 include: putting the urls in the authority file; providing access to “virtual collec­ tions”; providing a subject structure to the web; and revising aacr2. the paper by maurice j. freedman on the philosophy of cataloging was especially insightful and clearly written. john d. byrum jr’s paper, which offers some important thoughts on certain cataloging rules that should be re­ vised, and marcia j. bates’s paper on the web were especially stimulating, and both included many pertinent examples. overall, i was quite pleased with this book. i found it to be well conceived, clearly written, and thought provoking. in fact, i was musing over the concepts so much that i even found myself asking my friends questions as we lay together on the beach. “how would you want an index of a famous author ordered?” “should the catalog display the author’s name as an added entry differently from his name as a main entry in the index?” reading this book really made me aware of the philosophical underpinnings of many cataloging concepts and made me question some of the cataloging rules that i have always just accepted. it made me question and it made me think, and that’s always good. i’m going back to the beach later this summer. i’ll probably bring a novel this time. i just hope it’s as thought provok­ ing as this book.—isabel del carmen quintana, harvard university. hannah, stan a., and michael h. harris. inventing the future: information services for a new millennium. stam­ ford, conn.: ablex, 1999. 170p. $54.50 cloth (isbn 1-56750-450-7); $24.95 pa­ per (isbn 1-56750-451-5). lc99-28306. inventing the future, sequel to into the future by the same authors, is a compact book that reads as a call to arms for li­ brarians—who wish to stay relevant—to change the way they approach their work. the authors offer no “utopian fantasies”; instead, they assume a world where print and paper will exist but argue that infor­ mation technology will be the core tech­ nology in the library’s future. the authors reviews 470 college & research libraries september 2002 470 book reviews bade, david. the creation and persistence of misinformation in shared library catalogs: language and subject knowledge in a technological era. champaign-urbana, ill.: graduate school of library and information science, univ. of illinois (occasional papers, no. 211), 2002. 33p. $8 (isbn 087845120x). serious cataloging, as is well known by those who have done it, can be both a humbling and frustrating experience—humbling because the vast number of subjects, languages, and types of publications the cataloger must deal with can be daunting, even to seasoned veterans; and frustrating because nearly all catalogers find themselves torn between the demands of producing high-quality records and, at the same time, turning out a high volume of work in order to keep up with the flow of materials. in this issue of the university of illinois’ occasional papers series, david bade demonstrates more frustration than humility with the process but has some useful and important things to say about cataloging in this age of shared, online databases. as his title makes clear, bade’s focus is on the number and persistence of errors in shared cataloging databases such as oclc and rlin, a problem he sees as only worsening with time. he categorizes errors into six types: (1) typographical, (2) isbd formatting and punctuation, (3) marc tagging, (4) misapplication of cataloging rules, (5) linguistic errors, and (6) intellectual errors. the first four types of errors have been discussed a good bit in the literature, and bade mentions them only briefly here. his real concern is with linguistic errors, which he understands as cataloging errors that result from an inadequate understanding of the language in which the work is written, and intellectual errors, which he understands as errors (usually of subject analysis and classification) that occur because of a lack of subject knowledge on the part of the cataloger. how common are these errors in our shared databases, and what are their causes and consequences? despite the fact that he has entitled a couple of sections of his book “the extent of the problem,” bade never really tells us the extent of the problem. the evidence he cites is anecdotal, and we are left to wonder how pervasive the problem is. in fairness to the author, i think no one else knows either. lois chan, among others, has published studies of errors in subject heading assignment, but these focus mainly on whether assigned headings match current lc authorities, whether they are constructed properly, and so on, not on whether they accurately reflect the content of the work in question. given the complexity of the problem, it may be that all our evidence is anecdotal; but experienced librarians who regularly use these databases know that the problem is not a phantom. what is worse, as the author makes clear, after these errors are created in the bibliographic utilities, they propagate through local catalogs across the country as librarians and library database managers too often blithely load records without adequate quality control at the local level. what is to be done? bade offers both specific and general suggestions for ameliorating the problem. to catalogers, he recommends learning more languages, broadening their subject backgrounds by taking additional courses, making use of local and contracted knowledge sources to improve the quality of records, and, most important, abstaining from adding records to the shared databases when the necessary expertise—especially linguistic expertise—is lacking. to library administrators, he recommends recognizing the intellectual nature of cataloging and being willing to pay for it, hiring enough catalogers so that good ones are not made incompetent by being forced to cover too book reviews 471 many languages and too many subjects, and making use of intellectual talent in the library among staff whether or not they are professional librarians. it is hard to argue against any of these ideas in principle, but how practical are they? sad to say, most library catalogers who work a forty-hour week for eleven months of the year and keep house and body together in modern times have little time (or energy?) for advanced learning. and in a time of diminishing budgets, library administrators will not be overwhelmed with the creativity of a suggestion to solve the quality control problem in cataloging by hiring more catalogers, or even paying highly qualified nonprofessional staff more money to do specialized cataloging work. bade is right to insist that we have a problem and that its consequences can be severe, but i am not sure how far his recommendations can go toward mitigation. surely, a big part of any solution must be to reinvigorate and expand our efforts at cooperative cataloging, especially in the area of standards and in the sharing of expertise. whatever its limits and defects, cooperative cataloging has been a monumental success in the library community, making possible the creation of giant world bibliographic databases such as oclc worldcat and providing cataloging to local libraries at reduced costs. bade is concerned that this open, cooperative process, together with the lack of a sufficient number of adequately trained catalogers, threatens to slay the goose that laid the golden egg. this is an important warning. but just as we sometimes fight fire with fire, so perhaps we fight the downside of cooperative cataloging with better cooperation. that may mean more rigorous standards and stricter control on the input of bibliographic records to the national utilities. it may mean paying a little more for cooperative cataloging products (rather than a lot more for catalogers in-house) to enable oclc and rlg to do better quality control cleanup of the databases, although this is unlikely to do much for the correction of linguistic and intellectual errors that generally require having the work in hand. it may mean improving and expanding initiatives such as the program for cooperative cataloging. i also would suggest the idea of allowing catalogers to join the pcc as individuals, making their special skills and knowledge available on a contract basis to other libraries as the need arises. bade ends his paper on a somewhat vociferous note, asking whether cataloging is now a matter of intelligence or artificial intelligence. he does a good job of reminding us that it is still very much a matter of human intelligence because it is the knowledge and the judgment of human catalogers that create the records that become the substance of our bibliographic behemoths. but it also is, of course, a matter of artificial intelligence, with computers processing, communicating, and, in some ways, correcting bibliographic records. it is likely to continue this way long into the future, with the proportions depending on what we value and what we can afford.—robert bland, university of north carolina at asheville. brown, carol r. interior design for libraries: drawing on function & appeal. chicago: ala, 2002. 143p. $45, alk. paper (isbn 0838908292). lc 2002-1325. carol brown is assistant director of the fort bend county library in richmond, texas. she has held library positions at indiana university and the houston public library, and has been a library planning consultant. in addition, she is the author of planning library interiors and selecting library furniture (oryx, 1989). this book is a good hands-on, basic manual written in a concise, easy-to-understand style. short and approachable, it is filled with interesting and enlightening information. it contains fifteen color plates and thirty-two black-and-white illustrations. in her second chapter, “the planning phases of a library building project,” the author clearly delineates what is entailed by the programming, schematic design, design development, and development of construction drawings phases and what, as librarians and planners, we need to expect to see and have happen during those << /ascii85encodepages false /allowtransparency false /autopositionepsfiles true /autorotatepages /all /binding /left /calgrayprofile (dot gain 20%) /calrgbprofile (srgb iec61966-2.1) /calcmykprofile (u.s. web coated \050swop\051 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/honorrollovereffect false /ignorehtmlpagebreaks false /includeheaderfooter false /marginoffset [ 0 0 0 0 ] /metadataauthor () /metadatakeywords () /metadatasubject () /metadatatitle () /metricpagesize [ 0 0 ] /metricunit /inch /mobilecompatible 0 /namespace [ (adobe) (golive) (8.0) ] /openzoomtohtmlfontsize false /pageorientation /portrait /removebackground false /shrinkcontent true /treatcolorsas /mainmonitorcolors /useembeddedprofiles false /usehtmltitleasmetadata true >> ] >> setdistillerparams << /hwresolution [2400 2400] /pagesize [612.000 792.000] >> setpagedevice reviews.indd 460 college & research libraries in the meantime, “the history of the book” remained the province of antiquarians, book collectors, curators, and sundry printers—a dedicated band of amateurs who, nonetheless, did much of the basic spade work for later academics. by contemporary standards, moran’s review of de worde’s career seems almost quaint, circumscribed as it is by the narrow horizons of moran’s own interests and his understanding of his task. it relies heavily on a book i can recommend, h. s. bennett’s english books and readers 1475 to 1557 (cambridge 1989). for moran, de worde was the first printer in london to truly take advantage of the new technology as a medium of popular communication. over the course of his career, he churned out hundreds of titles aimed at a more popular market and so became, for his biographer, the “precursor” of the fleet street baron. as william caxton’s “journeyman,” de worde enjoys his own cult following today. there is a wynkyn de worde society in the uk, and it seems to have underwritten some of the costs of the reissue of the present work. perhaps its members are the driving force behind the volume. however welcome the bibliography by lotte hellinga and mary erler, though, i cannot really urge anyone to rush out and buy this slim monograph. librarians and scholars coming to it from the perspective of current work in the history of the book will probably be neither impressed nor enlightened. in its day, it was a welcome addition to the literature. it is good to have it in our libraries. but i find it difficult to make the case for its enduring presence today.—michael ryan, university of pennsylvania. sauperl, alenka. subject determination during the cataloging process. lanham, md.: london: scarecrow, 2002. 173p. alk. paper, $47.50 (isbn 0810842890). lc 2001-57698. september 2004 this reviewer, who finds it diffi cult to dislike any book, was disappointed by this one. based on the author’s doctoral dissertation (university of north carolina, 1999), the work reports on a study made to identify and examine the cognitive processes involved in the assignment of subject headings through a case study of catalogers. the thought processes that go into subject cataloging have received sparse attention and the topic is deserving of scholarly exploration. this study makes a definite contribution to the quite limited body of literature. sauperl’s failure to explain certain aspects of her research methodology frequently causes the reader to become puzzled, however, if not frustrated. the printed text itself could have been improved by careful editing and some rewriting. the work is organized into seven chapters. an introduction discusses the purpose of the study and very briefl y describes the research strategy. the second chapter reviews the treatment of subject determination as presented in cataloging and indexing textbooks and discusses the previous research concerned with subject analysis and indexing. the inclusion of indexing research strengthens the study and is to be applauded. the third chapter describes the research methodology. chapter four, “twelve personal approaches to subject cataloging,” presents the case studies. being ninety-fi ve pages in length, it forms the core of the book. chapter five summarizes what was learned from the case studies. chapter six presents a model for subject analysis. chapter seven discusses the author ’s findings in relation to earlier studies and the implication of those findings for cataloging education and cataloging in libraries. the section concerned with previous research has a fair amount of redundancy with chapter three. although repetition of this nature is not uncommon in dissertations, less detail in one chapter or the other would have been preferable in the book. a bibliography and an index conclude the volume. sauperl’s case study participants were twelve experienced original catalogers from three academic libraries in the southeastern united states. each institution had “more than a million volumes... several branch libraries and large central cataloging departments with several catalogers performing original cataloging. all the libraries used oclc.” each participant performed original cataloging for three books of his or her own selection. however, except for the fi rst case study, participants only “describe cataloging of one of the three items.” the reason for imposing this limitation in a study, that by its very nature is already quite limited, is not stated. six catalogers were observed by sauperl, who used the “think-aloud method ...to capture the cognitive process of the catalogers during their work.” the other six were interviewed. the respective methodologies are discussed, but the rationale for their dual employment is nowhere stated. sauperl does comment that the different methods had a substantial impact on the reports of the case studies. “while the observed catalogers actually cataloged books during the observation session, the interviewed catalogers only talked about their cataloging approach. this means the stories of the observed catalogers are much more detailed and based on evidence from the observation, whereas the stories of the interviewed catalogers are quite brief and skeletal.” interviewed participants were asked to describe some recent work that they had cataloged, given the opportunity to explain their philosophy of cataloging, and so on. the interviews were structured inasmuch as individuals were asked to respond to and discuss, as they deemed book reviews 461 appropriate, the relation of a number of factors to subject cataloging. each participant was presented with several factors that “were selected from the observation session of one or two catalogers in another library in the study.” participants were therefore not responding to a uniform set of factors, a circumstance that sauperl leaves unexplained. the responses given to the variables were interesting and informative. this reviewer believes the study would have been stronger had a comprehensive set of variables been developed and each participant in the three groups presented with the same identical factors to prompt discussion. there are several problems with the handling of the variables. given their importance to the interviews, sauperl’s failure to discuss them in a separately labeled section of the text must be faulted. she also must be faulted for explicitly stating the complete set of variables for just one interviewee group. no comparable sets are provided for interviewees in the other two groups. one learns the factors used to prompt discussion with these interviewees only in the text. variables or concepts presented to the first group included such expected elements as authority fi le, local catalog, title page, record for a previous edition, tentative heading and subject heading, as well as such factors as time and cost. participants in this group were not asked to comment on the importance of the author’s intention, skimming the work, and thinking of the library user as a part of the process when choosing subject headings, variables included as prompts to another group of interviewees. cooperation with colleagues and “saturation point...that feeling when you had to stop” working with a given book, were among the other variables. despite its shortcomings, this is not an unimportant work. scholars of subject cataloging will obviously be its primary 462 college & research libraries september 2004 audience. the study provides a base for future research and, given its moderate price, should be owned by any library and information science collection that supports serious scholarship. the book is worth consideration as supplementary reading for cataloging courses. catalogers should at least skim the work, especially those at entry level and midcareer. by way of conclusion, it seemed only appropriate to check worldcat to look at the subject headings assigned to this work. a title search (done on august 9, 2002) retrieved five records, two for the book and three for the preceding dissertation. the record for the book in hand (oclc: 48588266) had two subjects: “subject cataloging” and “subject cataloging—united states—case studies.” a second record (oclc: 50100464), which had an identical bibliographic description except for pagination being noted 192 (versus 173 for the copy in hand), gave the single subject: “subject cataloging.” the record for the printed version of the dissertation (oclc: 42810541) had three subjects: “subject cataloging,” “subject headings,” and “catalogers—united states—att itudes.” the final records were for microform versions of the dissertation. the records for both the microfilm (oclc: 44492710) and microfi che (oclc: 44161585) gave the two identical headings “subject cataloging” and “subject headings.” the subjects given all seem appropriate, even if they are not entirely consistent. this reviewer would suggest adding another subject heading to bring out the cognitive aspects of the study. but that’s just a thought.—james w. williams, university of illinois at urbanachampaign. call for nominations and many other award opportunities information may be obtained on the acrl web site: www.ala.org/acrl/award2.html or by contacting megan bielefeld, (312) 280-2514, e-mail: mbielefeld@ala.org excellence in academic libraries award $3,000 and a plaque sponsored by blackwell’s book services academic or research librarian of the year $3,000 and a citation sponsored by ybp library services college and research libraries cataloging u.s. depository materials: a reevaluation alice harrison bahr automation is reshaping the rhetoric and content of an old debate: to catalog or not to catalog federal publications. the availability of quality records online, keyword search capabilities of online catalogs, and other developments argue persuasively against patent acceptance of old premises. this article reviews previous arguments, discusses conditions redefining them, and proposes partial guidelines for reevaluating current u.s. depository cataloging policies and practices. ataloging united states government depository materials is an old debate. beginning in the 1930s and continuing into the 40s, it was sparked by an increase in the number of depository materials. from 400 in 1900, for example, the number rose to 4,300 by 1930. 1 typically, numbers dictated organization. libraries that selected small numbers cataloged them, a practice endorsed for the smaller library by mary hartwell, cataloger for the office of the superintendent of documents. 2 those that received larger numbers maintained separate collections arranged alphabetically by agency, by type of material, or by superintendent of documents (sudocs) classification number, thus organizing materials br, agency and series rather than by subject. the latter system was particularly easy, since materials were sent to depository libraries with shipping lists supplying sudocs numbers. other libraries used both approaches. they cataloged some materials and placed others in separate collections. in time, arguments for the two basic arrangements became set. as waldo points out, their bases "were merely unsupported opinions and assumptions.'' 4 separatists pointed to the shortcomings of the card catalog: its inability to .index serial publications, its paucity of subject headings, and its difficulty of use, especially for the user confronting the unwieldy u.s. author drawer. there were shortcomings with cataloging itself. it was not suitable for all materials, particularly pamphlets and posters. it imposed a classification system, either dewey or library of congress, that precluded arrangement by agency, useful to some researchers. it increased delays between receipt and availability of materials. it was expensive. quality records were sparse, necessitating original cataloging, and frequent title and agency name changes required multiple record handling. relying on higherquality indexes, with better quality indexing, provided better access to materials and information. promoting staff familiarity with government materials, separate collections improved the quality of reference service. on the other side, advocates of cataloging acknowledged its expense, but justified cost on the basis of improved, simplified access. cataloging spared users the aggravation of consulting several indexes and the annoyance of learning a second classification system. it also provided immediate feedback on library holdings. in alice harrison bahr is project librarian for online systems at the libraries at cedar crest and muhlenberg colleges, allentown, pennsylvania 18104. 587 588 college & research libraries short, it was expensive and timeconsuming, but resulted in better service. the old arguments are changing. technology is bypassing them and raising new questions. the availability of government printing office (gpo) cataloging on networks, record retrieval on some networks by sudocs number, and online catalogs and their related use studies both beg the assumptions of the past and highlight new needs. among these are the need to keep abreast of technological developments, to reevaluate present policy in light of those developments, and to formulate policies based on both demonstrated user needs and technological developments. technological considerations technology is reshaping old arguments by creating access other than through the card catalog, by streamlining cataloging procedures, and by creating a new form of the card catalog. bypassing traditional card catalog access altogether, for example, bruce morton made use of available software and carleton college's dec v ax-11 to produce a sudocs shelflist accessible not only by sudocs number but by title, keyword, and boolean operatives. 5 this is an exception, however; most libraries have relied on online vendors, national agencies, and bibliographic utilities to create new options. the basis for most new possibilities is cooperation among the government printing office (gpo), library of congress and online computer library center (oclc). deciding to speed up production of its monthly catalog, the official catalog of u.s. government congressional and departmental publications, gpo began cataloging on the oclc shared cataloging network in 1976. to do so, it had to abandon its local thesaurus and conform to anglo-american cataloging rules and library of congress subject headings. 6 conformance ushered in gpo's new role as cataloging authority for u.s. government materials, which became official on january 2, 1981. gpo's use of oclc produced the major benefit to libraries: availability of a substantial number of timely, high-quality records. the type of records available has exnovember 1986 panded, and reported hit rates are excellent. in october 1981 gpo assumed cataloging responsibility for materials distributed by the national audiovisual center. 7 in 1982 the university of washington reported finding 75 percent of materials on oclc. its hit rate for u.s. government materials was 95 percent. 8 a 1985 muhlenberg college study reported a 96 percent hit rate for selected categories of u.s. materials (see table 1). backlog at gpo is not significant. as soon as gpo catalogs materials, records are available on oclc. in 1984 a onemonth study of "priority one" cataloging items (congressional materials) indicated that 72 percent were input in 15 days and average input time was 24.4 days. 9 the suny/potsdam library (state university college at potsdam, new york), which catalogs u.s. materials on oclc, begins searching one to two months after receipt of documents. 10 cooperation -between gpo and bibliographic utilities has increased the number of quality records available to libraries relatively soon after publication. it has also created new means of access to those records and new cataloging services. in 1980, oclc surveyed libraries to determine their interest in an even quicker cataloging process, darp (automatic distribution of cataloging). targeted initially for regional depositories (those libraries receiving all available depository materials), the service would have created individual catalog records for libraries receiving depository series. cataloging would have been automatic, completed as soon as gpo cataloged an item in a series but due to the cost of the service, darp never got off the ground. there is a difference between having records available and having quick, convenient access to them. for cataloging purposes, access by sudocs number is desirable. it allows catalogers to work directly from shipping lists to search for records. oclc made sudocs number access (oclc's gn: government number key) available in 1980. in 1985 it became possible to search for records by any sudocs number attached to a title, as of the point of cataloging. sudocs numbers change when an issuing agency changes, which cataloging u.s. depository materials 589 table 1 oclc record availability p840601-1 to p840831-5#* m840601-1 to p840831-8:j: total p840904-1 to p841123-4 m840904-1 to m841129-5# total combined total 97 12 109 66 14 80 189 *p = paper shipping lists . available series cataloging (#) 4 4 5 5 9 hearings 27 10 37 15 9 24 61 geological survey professional papers(#) 12 6 6 18 geological survey bulletins (#) 6 6 8 8 14 non-gpo record (#) 15 (14/dlc)t 12 27 (15/dlc) 10 (7/dlc) 8 (1/dlc) 18 (8/dlc) 45 (23/dlc) nooclc record (#) 4 4 3 3 7 oclc record availability (%) 96% 100% 96% 95% 100% 95% 96% tdlc = th e number of non-gpo records that are library of congress records . :j:m = microfiche sh ipping lists. means one title may have several sudocs numbers. both searching capabilities enhance access to records. another benefit of gpo's use of oclc is the generation of machine-readable records on tape. used to produce monthly catalog, the tapes have other uses. they are loaded regularly onto other shared cataloging networks like the research libraries information network (run) and western library network (wln) to provide users of those systems with access to the same gpo records as oclc users. availability is not as immediate as in oclc, since gpo tapes are loaded monthly, and these networks do not yet provide sudocs number access. 11 tapes have another potential use for libraries using or planning to implement an online catalog. they provide an alternative means of including gpo records in a local online catalog. one possibility is to download records from a shared cataloging network by means of an interface. the other is to load gpo tapes into the online catalog. this requires tape manipulation both to load the tapes and to eliminate records neither received nor cataloged, i.e. maps, serials, etc. cooperation between national agencies and shared cataloging networks weakens the argument that quality records are unavailable, a main pillar in the argument against cataloging u.s. materials. similarly, the existence of the online catalog erodes another premise, that excessive record handling contributes to the high cost of cataloging. in manual catalogs, record changes require pulling, editing, and refiling cards, usually seven to a set. an online catalog eliminates these steps. while this is a benefit regardless of what materials are being cataloged, it is a particularly strong one for depository materials, which undergo frequent main entry and title changes. those frequent changes are inherent in the nature of both serials and government organizations. while little can be done to eliminate the former, technology can help simplify the latter. some online catalogs incorporate authority control for personal authors, and a few offer it for corporate authors and series. if the catalog also offers online global change, one change to an authority record will automatically alter in the same way all affected headings throughout the database. a common argument against cataloging u.s. materials is the paucity and inade590 college & research libraries quacy of subject headings. online catalogs have the capacity to increase the traditional author, title, and subject heading access points. to search the manual catalog successfully, users must know precise authors and titles, guess the correct subject term, or know how to use lc subject headings volumes. most online catalogs are more forgiving. they provide keyword access to some or all fields as well as sudocs number access. the latter is increasingly useful as more and more sources include these numbers. public affairs information service announced recently that 65 percent of indexed u.s. government materials include sudocs numbers. by simplifying record changes, eliminating filing, and increasing access points, online catalogs can facilitate a variation of the old either/or proposition to catalog u.s. materials or to house them separately. these catalogs make it easy to combine approaches, namely, to catalog materials, classify them by sudocs, and yet keep them separate. the same arrangement is possible in a manual catalog, but filing alone argues against it. the library at suny/potsdam, which has cataloged on oclc and classified by sudocs since the 70s, reduces filing by cataloging selectively. technology, of course, is not a panacea. an automated sudocs shelflist has the advantage of creating more access points than a traditional card catalog, but it also forces users to consult more than one catalog to locate information. the availability of records on shared cataloging networks has been an important technological advance. however, not every library uses one, and not every network offers sudocs access. for libraries using networks, whether or not sudocs access is available, there are other possible constraints. gpo is slow to catalog certain materials. 12 possible downscaling of cataloging might also present problems. there has been no report about gpo's 1982 discussions on the possibility of downscaling aacr2 cataloging to augmented level ii and no longer providing corporate and personal name authority work. 13 specific gpo practices may be of greater concern. for example, gpo provides no november 1986 collective series entries for titles in monographic series, only individual analytics. this means, for example, that if a library staff decide that a few subject headings will suffice to lead users to the content of u.s. geological survey professional papers series, they must, if using gpo copy, provide individual analytics for titles in those series. the depository library council, an advisory body comprised of librarians, has repeatedly passed resolutions requesting series cataloging, but official gpo response has been that current practice conforms to depository law. this problem is not insurmountable, however; it requires only that a library create a few collective series entries. technological changes are catalysts. they provide new possibilities and challenges, not perfect answers-microfiche records provide an example. gpo catalogs only paper copies of publications that are converted to microfiche for depository distribution. a note indicates that distribution to some depositories was on microfiche, and the word microfiche appears after the item number. however, libraries with substantial fiche collections might not welcome the editing required. exchanges between the depository library council and gpo have thus far produced only the following resolution: gpo's policy is in accord with title 44 of the u.s. code, and librarians are free to modify records.14 actually, a number of libraries do so, creating suitable records in most cases. this is especially true for government hearings. shipping lists from gpo are not always correct, creating another cause for concern depending on the delay between receipt of lists and actual cataloging. revisions to shipping lists, called "corrections lists," are issued periodically to clear up incorrect sudocs numbers, typographical errors, and wrong item numbers (the numbers used to order depository series). gpo tape users face greater problems. for example, tapes include all gpo cataloging, and unless a library has received all these materials (some of which are nondepository, that is, not offered to depository libraries), records must be eliminated either in-house or by a vendor. regardless of who processes the tapes, records are cataloging u.s. depository materials 591 usually extracted by item number. since it is not uncommon for depository libraries to fail to receive some items ordered, records may be created for titles not in fact held. the result is like cataloging on the basis of what is ordered instead of what is received. in addition, tape loading on an online system requires manipulation of data. not every library has, or plans to have, an online catalog. even for those who do, gpo tapes present additional difficulties: they come without documentation. control numbers like oclc, sudocs, technical reports, and contract numbers are either omitted or appear in incorrect fields. 15 correction tapes are not issued. consequently, errors must first be detected and then corrected manually. there are multiple records for errata slips and periodical issues, and not all series, subjects, and names conform to lc form. fortunately, many of the gpo tape errors and limitations have been corrected. the depository library council has been requesting since spring 1979 that gpo convert traced names, series, and subjects to lc form; add control numbers such as item, sudocs, and stock numbers (used for direct purchase of materials) to appropriate fields; and correct typographical and other errors. 16 the public printer announced at the fall 1984 council meeting that the project would be undertaken and supervised by judy myers at the university of houston. 17 funds were never allocated. one year later brodart announced its gpo file, which includes lc subject and name headings and control number corrections. correction pages from annual monthly catalog volumes are being keyed in. while brodart is still investigating procedures to handle separate serial records, its gpo file offers dramatic evidence of how quickly technology changes situations. cost considerations the availability of quality records in various forms, a major obstacle to cataloging, is part of a larger consideration: cost. even if quality records are available, are they affordable? the assumption has been no, despite the absence of comparative cost data for processing, maintaining, and supervising separate collections. fortunately, new possibilities have been explored with an eye to reducing expenses. available cost data highlight the weakness of previous assumptions and also undercut them. the cost of carleton college's automated sudocs shelflist was determined by counting the bytes per record and then calculating the required disk space for a given number of records. at 310 bytes per record, the storage cost for 431,600 records was $8,500, the same price as a 260,000block disk and drive. 18 disregarding input time and use and storage costs, all of which were absorbed by the computer center, the unit cost for the shelflist was $1.98, slightly higher than oclc firsttime use charges. 19 in 1984 bowerman and cady, suspecting libraries might include records in their online catalogs if they were available at ''a small fraction of the cost incurred in a traditional cataloging environment, " 20 compared costs for various methods of obtaining records. the researchers took a sample .from a gpo test tape to develop a costeffectiveness model on which to base a comparison of four ways of obtaining machine-readable records. two of the four ways involved tapes: the first manipulated in-house, the second by marcive, a commercial firm that strips records from tapes for libraries. the other two options involved automated cataloging services, either online through oclc' s network or offline, inputting records on a microcomputer and sending them to library systems services, inc. (lssi) for tape or card production. the results were as follows: a library cataloging approximately twelve thousand publications (about 35 percent of available items exclusive of maps, serials, and microfiche) would spend about $1,500, $1,800, $17,000, and $2,600 to obtain records from gpo, marcive, oclc, and lssi, respectively. 21 record extraction by brodart, unavailable at that time, reduces costs further: $600 for twelve thousand records ($.05 per record), excluding tape and profiling charges. while the study notes the need for data processing personnel for in-house manipulation and raises appropriate questions 592 college & research libraries about quality control in marcive and ls.si processing, it confines costs to the acquisition, not the storage, of records. 22 regardless, it dispels the the idea that under any and all circumstances cataloging u.s. materials is prohibitively expensive. user considerations under some circumstances, then, cataloging of gpo materials is affordable. but is it desirable from the users' perspective? early studies indicate catalogs are under used and misused. recent studies reveal little enthusiasm for the enhanced search capabilities of online catalogs. one use study indicates certain faculty locate government publications outside of the library. all studies indicate that much more needs to be known about the use of libraries, government materials, and catalogs before a decision is made about cataloging u.s. depository materials. according to previous surveys, only 59 percent of library patrons use the catalog. 23 most catalog users look up one entry and stop. 24 they locate correct subject headings only 50 percent of the time. 25 in 1958 ala surveyed 5,494 catalog users in thirty-nine libraries. results showed a failure rate of 20 percent for known-item searches and 13 percent for subject searches. 26 the capabilities of the online catalog are not as important to user satisfaction as suspected. the council on library resources (clr) supported a 1982 study of twelve thousand online catalog users in twenty-nine libraries. eighty-five percent reported finding some or all of what they were searching for, and subject searching was of greater interest than the ala study concluded. 27 online catalog capabilities such as keyword access and search qualifiers by date, language, and boolean operatives, however, were not perceived universally as benefits. the clr study found that language and call-number search limits had a slightly negative effect on satisfact~on and that keyword and boolean operatives were unrelated to satisfaction. 28 some users bypass the catalog altogether. in his 1984 study of government publications use, peter hernon indicated that "academic social scientists rely upon november 1986 their subject literature and interpersonal sources (e.g., colleagues) for awareness of source material. they do not make extensive use of indexing and abstracting services and bibliographies housed in libraries. " 29 frequently, they obtain materials from outside the library. rather than making definitive statements, these studies point out how little is known and how much remains to be seen. after examining two hundred catalog use studies in the most extensive book on the subject, redesign of catalogs and indexes for improved subject access, author pauline a. cochrane concludes, "we come away from catalog use studies quite discouraged about the present state of use of our catalogs, with no sure guidance about improvements and the impact of changes. " 30 no evidence supports the assumption that cataloging is always desirable. no substantive evidence supports the opposite view. technological changes make that clear. they encourage investigation of present situations, their corresponding possibilities, their costs, and their effectiveness in meeting user needs independent of old assumptions. for single answers, they substitute questions. partial guidelines for reevaluating cataloging policies the old question of whether or not to catalog u.s. depository materials raises no single query. it was made into one by technologies that limited options, elevated and fixed cost considerations, and made assumptions about user needs. newer technologies suggest several questions: they focus on current and future levels of automation, available technologies, and the need to know more about collections and their use. 1. does the library catalog on a shared cataloging network? if so, what access does the network provide to gpo records? 2. does the library have or plan to implement an online catalog? will it permit keyword, sudocs number searching? does it include authority control and global change capability? 3. how does the library's clientele learn cataloging u.s. depository materials 593 of government publications (e.g., through journal articles, colleagues, indexes, gpo sales brochures, news broadcasts, etc.)? 4. how does the library's clientele look for and obtain government publications? do patrons look in the library? 5. what are the major strengths of the government publications collection (e.g., congressional materials, geological materials)? 6. is there a clientele for those collection strengths? 7. is cataloging the best means of addressing the needs of that clientele? 8. is manpower available to define the means and related costs of cataloging? 9. will cataloging be selective? if so, what categories or types of materials will be excluded? no single library can address all these questions, but, for some, gpo shipping lists may provide one option for testing assumptions, exploring possibilities, and determining costs. what can shipping lists do to answer these questions? for run and wln users, they can test the speed with which records can be searched without sudocs access. for all shared cataloging network users, they can help determine network costs for cataloging u.s. materials. (see table 2.) they can help identify the type of entries available for specific depository series (analytics or series), their timeliness, and their sources. the 040 field contains the cataloging agency. if gpo appears first, it was the first cataloging agent. if it appears elsewhere, gpo modified an existing record. if the library of congress has modified a gpo record, dgpo/glc will be found in this field. finally, for both network and nonnetwork users, shipping lists can assist in identifying collection strengths, providing crucial direction for determining what will be cataloged, and forming policy that reflects those decisions. realizing that the card catalog may not be the single most appropriate vehicle for locating government materials, that not all materials (e.g., posters, pamphlets) merit cataloging, and that cataloging all materials increases cataloging costs, a number of libraries have either established or recommended policies for cataloging select categories of u.s. materials. peter graham recommendeds that large research libraries concentrate cataloging efforts on collections that are not indexed. 32 at the university of houston, priority is given to "publications of agencies that the average user does not know are government agencies. " 33 whether policies are set or explored, careful arranging and coding of shipping lists can verify the feasibility and costs of policies. shipping lists must be representative of type and extent of receipts. monthly statistics can establish the latter. then lists can be separated into microfiche and paper piles to examine each format separately and into chronological piles to test the timeliness of available records. coding should reflect specific interests. for instance, items received on deposit can be checked, those considered for cataloging circled, and candidates for series cataloging marked with an s. special types of materials that could dramatically increase cost if cataloged may be studied separately (e.g., hearings might be preceded by an h), and cataloging agent can be indicated as gpo, lc, or other. such an examination begins to provide a picture of what a library can afford to catalog on the basis of type of catalog records table 2 oclc cataloging costs estmated extended extended number of extended oclc card oclc ffu cataloged unitoclc oclcffu unitoclc costs and card titles ffu cost cost card cost (dollars-7 cards costs (a nnu al) (dollars) (do llars) (do ll ars) per title) (dollars) 400 1.47 588.00 .0495 138 .60 726.60 notes: an online catalog wo uld eliminate the need for cards and reduce cos ts to $588 . no reliable es timate of staff costs exists . with minor record changes, most titles cou ld be processed in five minutes or less . at $10 an hour, 300 hours of professional cataloging time would cost $3,000 . 594 college & research libraries rather than on number of titles; whether records are available; whether they are timely; whether sufficient numbers of records are available for microfiche; and, consequently, whether or not fiche should be included in cataloging programs. for most libraries, whether or not they are able to determine these considerations by searching items on a shared cataloging network, shipping lists may suggest criteria for including or excluding certain types of materials from cataloging. in short, they can be used to qualify general assumptions about the feasibility and affordability of cataloging u.s. materials in a specific environment. summary arguments against cataloging u.s. materials have assumed that cataloging was difficult in the absence of available records, time-consuming because of numerous title and agency name changes, and expensive as a result. other negative reasons have been that cataloging limits shelf arrangements to dewey or lc and causes delays between receipt and availability of november 1986 materials to patrons. on the positive side, despite inadequate and difficult entries, cataloging the materials provides the most convenient, direct, and useful means of access. in an automated cataloging environment, all of these assumptions can be disproved. shared-cataloging network users have online access to records; online catalogs minimize the record-editing process and facilitate the simultaneous, separate sudocs shelf arrangement and cataloging of materials, thus eliminating the usual delays associated with cataloging: the availability of tape records, vendors who can manipulate tapes, and selective cataloging reduce traditional expenses. finally, studies have shown that the card catalog is not as pivotal to all users' needs as was once thought. the new cataloging environment mandates a new look at an old debate, encouraging exploration of alternatives and dismissal of some earlier assumptions. most important, the online alternatives highlight the central importance of knowing more about the need for, use of, and methods of obtaining government information. references and notes 1. michael waldo, "an historical look at the debate over how to organize federal government documents in depository libraries," government publications review 4:319-29 (1977). 2. ibid., p .320. 3. u.s. government printing office, public documents department, an explanation of the superintendent of documents classification system (washington, d.c.: govt. print. off., 1963). 4. waldo, p.322. 5. bruce morton, "implementing an automated shelflist for a selective depository collection," government publications review 9:323-44 (1982). in an earlier article, "an items record management system,'' government publications review 8:185-96 (1981), morton describes automation of an item file. in'' a microcomputer in a micro-sized library,'' small computers in libraries5:5-8 (1985), frederick a. marcotte describes yet another automated access system, a micro-based, checkin/retrieval system used prior to installation of a bus integrated online library system at clermont college (batavia, ohio). 6. loche mclean, "gpo cataloging and monthly catalog production," public documents highlights 41:1-2 (aug. 1980) . 7. "agreement set on audiovisual cataloging," lc information bulletin 40:389-90 (nov. 6, 1981). 8. sharon wallbridge, "government documents, oclc, and research libraries," research libraries in oclc: a quarterly 8:3-5 (oct. 1982). 9. "cataloging timeliness study," administrative notes 5:1 (nov. 1984). 10. selma v. foster and nancy c. lufburrow eldblom, "documents to the people in one easy stem-an update," documents to the people 8:119-20 (may 1980). 11. while run and wln networks provide subject access, they do not provide sudocs access to gop records. subject access to oclc gpo records is available for the last few years of gpo reccataloging u.s. depository materials 595 ords through brs. according to the february 1986 oclc newsletter, subject access should be available to libraries in early 1987. 12. cynthia bower, "oclc records for federal depository documents: a preliminary investigation," government information quarterly 1, no.4: 379-400 (1984). 13. "documents cataloging manual committee," lc information bulletin 41:285 (sept. 10, 1982). 14. "gpo cataloging for microfiched documents: fact sheet," administrative notes 6:20 (may 1985). 15. janet swanbeck, ''government printing office cataloging tapes,'' paper presented at the annual meeting of the american library association, dallas, june 25, 1984. 16. "responses to resolutions," administrative notes 5:9 (oct. 1984). 17. ibid., p.10. 18. morton, p.326. 19. ibid. 20. rose ann bowerman and susan a. cady, "government publications in an online catalog," information technology and libraries 3:331-42 (dec. 1984). 21. ibid., p.340. 22. a 354mb disk drive holds approximately 82,000 fully indexed records of 4,000 characters each and costs roughly $20,000. for this configuration, per-record storage costs would be $.24. 23. joseph r. matthews, public access to online catalogs: a planning guide for managers (new york: online, 1982), p.6. 24. ibid., p.29. 25. ibid. 26. f. w. lancaster, "studies of catalog use," in the measurement and evaluation of library services (washington, d.c.: information resources pr., 1977), p.19-68. 27. robert n. broadus, "online catalogs and their uses," college & research libraries 44:459-66 (nov. 1983). 28. ibid., p.465. 29. peter hernon and charles r. mcclure, public access to government information: issues, trends and strategies (norwood, n.j.: ablex, 1984). 30. pauline a. cochrane, redesign of catalogs and indexes for improved subject access (phoenix, ariz.: oryx, 1985). 31. government publications staff discarded a departmental card catalog after a one-month study indicated that 30 percent of questions could be answered on the basis of prior knowledge and so percent through indexes. 32. peters. graham, "government documents and cataloging in research libraries," government publications review 10:117-25 (1983). 33. ibid., p.124. reviews.indd book reviews 455 items out of circulation is complicated; censoring them conflicts with the right to free speech and the public domain policies in the united states. if control of their culture’s intellectual property is given to the indigenous groups, how can they effectively stop its distribution? brown offers the following insight: there may be a place for tightly framed legislation that would oblige cultural repositories to respond to requests from native nations that specific images, music, or texts be placed in long-term quarantine. but the administrative costs of such a measure would be high and its beneficial impact limited: there is simply too much of this information available to the world at large, far beyond the control of any institution. more important than determining ownership of specifi c objects, brown argues, is a culture’s control over its place in a pluralist democratic society. each chapter in the book is a discussion of varying conflicts concerning native cultures. the first part of each chapter gives background on actual court cases, struggles, or debates. this is followed by a discussion of legal, ethical, and historical issues in which brown gathers various viewpoints and insights into the question of ownership and offers them up for the reader. this book includes case studies involving indigenous art, religious symbols, botanical knowledge, and the use and protection of sacred sites that are on public lands. finally, brown tries to define how indigenous societies fi t into a pluralist democracy. the book includes a section titled “sources on indigenous cultural rights,” and the author maintains supplemental web site at www.williams. edu/go/native. who owns native culture? is an insightful and accessible introduction to the complex discussion of intellectual property. brown’s writing is engaging and humorous; the book is well organized, easy to read, and informative. recommended for anyone who wants to bett er understand the implications of intellectual property rights for indigenous groups.—jody l. gray, university of minnesota. education for cataloging and the organization of information: pitfalls and the pendulum. ed. janet swan hill. binghamton, n.y.: haworth (published simultaneously as cataloging and classifi cation quarterly, v.34, nos. 1–3, 2002), 2002. 398p. alk. paper, cloth $79.95 (isbn 0789020289); paper $49.95 (isbn 0789020297). lc 2002-15053. this book presents a clear examination of the current state of cataloging education, sets forth a brief synopsis of the history of education for catalogers, and explores where the future of cataloging education seems to be headed. writt en mostly by educators rather than professional catalogers, the emphasis is on the lack of traditional cataloging classes in most information science curriculums and the resources available for catalogers to further their education aft er graduation. the articles are, for the most part, very easy to follow, written in clear, anecdotal styles that draw the reader in, and present their cases plainly. some articles also delve deeper with detailed analyses of statistical research supplemented by tables and charts. each article is preceded by a summary. the book is divided into four overall sections. the first section, “a matter of opinion,” includes four opinion articles on the nature of cataloging and how people react to it. this was my favorite section. i found it inspiring to read the opinions of these authors, who explore the problems concerning the education of catalogers, including the trend toward more theoretiwww.williams 456 college & research libraries cal teaching versus hands-on experience in cataloging classes. articles are written with humor and yet offer sincere and seasoned insights into the nature of cataloging and the education of future catalogers. one article, “why does everybody hate cataloging?,” is particularly engaging. the second section, “the context,” focuses on current cataloging courses. again, most authors see a trend toward teaching theoretical concepts on the organization of knowledge, including metadata and indexing, instead of practical cataloging skills. traditional cataloging classes seem to be diminishing in most information science curriculums and in some schools are only available as advanced electives. the requirement tends to be a class on the theoretical organization of information. yet, there is a chapter devoted to a survey of lis graduates in which 89 percent of the graduates, most of whom were not catalogers, felt that a practical cataloging course was essential and should be required of all students. another article states that 67 percent of employers found that graduates were unable to perform entry-level professional cataloging. in a most stimulating article, “where are we and how did we get here?,” the author clearly explains his views on cataloging education and the balance he feels is necessary between theory and practice. he honestly admits that he loves cataloging and wishes it were given more importance and time in curriculums. the third section, “education for specific purposes,” covers such issues as format integration, metadata (including dublin core, etc.), subject cataloging, authority control, and cataloging managers. other than metadata, most of these topics are taught only in advanced classes, if at all. one chapter discusses the management skills that catalogers who are also managers need. most of these papers, september 2004 again, deal with the notion of theoretical learning versus practical learning, with the majority of the authors favoring the teaching of theory. the main emphasis in the fi nal section, “alternatives for instructional delivery,” seems to be on computers and cataloging education. one chapter presents the challenges of a web-based basic cataloging course that focuses on teaching students how to catalog internet resources. this course makes use of online mentors who are actual catalogers from around the country. the following chapters describe the students’ perspectives and the mentors’ thoughts on this class. other chapters deal with distance education and cataloging, the use of autocat (the cataloging listserve) as a mentoring tool for cataloging questions, and the training courses offered by the program for cooperative cataloging (pcc). two articles focus on oclc’s web-based course, “cataloging internet resources using marc21 and aacr2.” one evaluation found that people who completed this course gained a substantial amount of knowledge in the practical and theoretical aspects of cataloging these resources. there is also a chapter on teaching dublin core to noncatalogers, mostly museum staff and archivists, for a digitization project. although the chapters are well written, i was rather disappointed with this section because i had hoped to learn of innovative alternatives for cataloging instruction, but the articles included explore training options that have been around for some time. overall, i think this book presents a clear and rather bleak picture of cataloging education. despite the obvious need for more cataloging instruction in library schools, the emphasis seems to be on teaching theoretical concepts in broad basic classes and leaving it to the library departments, conferences, pcc, library associations, and others to pick up the slack. i have been a professional cataloger for twelve years, and although most of what i learned was on the job as a paraprofessional, i did have some in-depth, hands-on cataloging classes in school. colleagues of mine, who attended library school after i had graduated, received much less actual cataloging training. they have complained about the emphasis on the history and theory of cataloging (in most cases, they only cataloged a few books in an entire semester), as well as on the lack of advanced courses in cataloging. upon graduation, they have had a hard time matching the requirements of even entry-level professional positions. the state of cataloging education is indeed in need of analysis. this book offers some insights into these problems but seems to reach the general conclusion that most in-depth cataloging education in the future will happen outside library schools.—isabel del carmen quintana, harvard university. foerstel, herbert n. refuge of a scoundrel: the patriot act in libraries. westport, conn.: libraries unlimited, 2004. 232p. $35 (isbn 1591581397). lc 2003-065950. foerstel’s new book seems to address two needs. one is to recount an engaging and sometimes inspiring description of the continuing struggle in which library employees and others join forces against those who would impose police-state tactics to “protect our freedom” in the name of security. (or is it to protect our security in the name of freedom?) the second purpose would to be to document some of the legal issues involved. these include a listing of the components of the patriot act, homeland security act, and similar acts and policies that the justice department has initiated under the cover of fighting terrorism. this portion of the book is a reference source for those wishing to conduct further rebook reviews 457 search, those writing library policies on how to respond to investigative inquiries, or those actually facing the need to respond to such a request for information. to this end, sample court order forms are included in the appendices. many library workers will want to read the narrative but skip over the details of the legislation or proposed legislation. foerstel writes well, documents thoroughly, and provides both a bibliography and an index. the latter is almost detailed enough to overcome the lack of a glossary, which would have been useful to help readers keep the alphabet soup of initialisms mentioned in the text straight. the first fifth of the book is a summary of the author ’s 1991 surveillance in the stacks: the fbi’s library awareness program. even those familiar with the fbi’s library awareness program will find it instructive. it documents a continuing struggle in which the pendulum has swung back and forth over the past several decades between advocates of citizens’ freedom to read and the eff orts of government agents, particularly the fbi, to control subversive behavior by monitoring the information-seeking habits of citizens. reading this book, especially chapter one, cannot help but cause one to be proud to be a library worker and to realize the potential power we collectively wield in promoting democratic values. information is power, and those who control the flow of information are powerful. if the government controls information, the citizens are accountable to the government for their actions; if the citizens control information, the government is accountable to the citizens for its actions. it is a zero-sum game. every bit of control that one side gives up adds to the accountability it owes the other side. foerstel explains how difficult it is to evaluate comments made by fbi officials concerning their use of the patriot act to college and research libraries 50th anniversary featurethe future of the research library fremont rider mr. rider is librarian of wesleyan university. the editors asked him to try to summarize the main line of reasoning developed at length in his provocative new book, the scholar and the future of the research library, published last month. this article is the result of that request. appraisal should be withheld until the book itself is read. fall the problems which have of recent years engaged the attention of educators and librarians none have been more puzzling than those posed by the astonishing growth of our great research libraries. my own interest in this subject has, over the years, resulted in a series of papers, some of them mainly analyses but others endeavoring to suggest specific answers to parts of what has sometimes seemed to be an almost insoluble puzzle. i would be the first to admit that, as a whole, these papers were all tentative, inconclusive, even in places mutually contradictory. they made no claim then to be anything else. they were a "thinking out loud,'' an attempt to suggest directions along which solutions might possibly be arrived at rather than an offering of assured conclusions. but one very definite conclusion they did reach: that no emendations in library methods c¥one are going to solve our research library growth problem, for any savings so effected are quickly overwhelmed by its everincreasing magnitude. more and more over the years i became convinced that our only possible answer lies in interlibrary cooperation and cooperation on a much more sweeping scale than any we have ever envisaged. so when two years ago the committee headed by mr. metcalf made its epoch-making "division-offields" report, it seemed to me a very important step in the right direction. it is now four years since the idea came to me which is the subject matter of the book of which this paper is intended to give a sort of preview. it was an idea that seemed so obviously and completely "right" that i was very definitely afraid of it! i distrusted my own judgment. so there followed four years of making and remaking innumerable samples of it, of attacking it, testing it, criticizing it. but it had a disconcerting ability: it seemed able to convert every new objection brought against it into a new argument in its favor. in all the endeavors that we may make to solve the problem of research library growth we must always remember that no solution is going to be entirely satisfactory to the scholar if, directly or indirectly, it takes his books away from him. 1 having the text of his material conveniently near his elbow is his sine qua non. compared with this immediate availability of his text, every other service which we, as librarians, may offer him-no matter what it isis, to him, relatively unimportant. but, obviously, if research libraries are going to continue to double in size every sixteen years (or every twenty years or every thirty years for that matter), we are not going to be able to keep the scholar's books at his elbow unl~ss we can find some quite unprecedentedly inexpensive way to do it. four-part cost and we must always bear in mind a second premise, that the cost of maintaining a research library is not a matter merely of 49 50 college & research libraries the original purchase cost of its materials. these must be made amazingly cheap, to be sure. but purchase cost is only the first of four main categories of cost. 2 our cataloging of them must also be made amazingly cheap, our storage of them amazingly cheap. we must never forget that this problem of library growth of ours is always this four-part problem and that unless we are able to accomplish a reduction in the cost of all these four parts we arrive at no real solution of it. but, if one sits back and views the whole problem quietly and quite dispassionately, it becomes increasingly obvious that any such extreme reductions in cost as the situation demands are quite impossible of realization unless we are able to develop some entirely new synthesis, some entirely new integration of our materials. this was the point at which i had arrived four years ago. this is the question which, it would seem, faces the library world now: is any such a new synthesis possible? is it possible that we are approaching the end of an era in our library methodology? it is now sixty or seventy years since, under the compelling assurance of dewey and cutter and poole and their fellow pioneers, the library world crystallized a definite pattern of library technique which, although it has been greatly amplified and refined, has never been basically changed. there has even been a tendency in some library circles to take it for granted that it was a final technique. but no technology is ever final or finished. entirely new conditions arise. in the library world we see them already arisen: in fact they are pressing upon us for solution. can it be that we are standing on the threshold of changes in our libraries that are going to be far more sweeping than those which the library pioneers developed six or seven decades ago? mass and detail libraries are great complexes of tiny items, items which it is impossible to handle on a mass-production basis because each one, tiny though it is, is highly individualized and demands equally individualistic treatment. it is this combination of enormous mass and extreme individualjanuary 1989 ization of detail that has made the problem of research library growth so difficult a one to solve. and our search for a solution has been further complicated by our insistence on viewing the problem, not as one, but as a whole line of problems, problems interconnected at various points to be sure but apparently not in any way that helped us. we have tried-and this was just as true of my own efforts as of anyone else' s-to solve the various phases of our problem one by one as though each existed in a vacuum, not tied up-as they are-in a veritable mesh of methodological interrelationships. we have tried to solve our problem of swollen cataloging cost as though it were a separate and independent problem and our book storage problem as though it also were something separate and independent. we have tried to economize on binding costs as such, on circulation costs as such, on ordering costs as such, etc., etc. and the reason that we did this, the reason that we failed to integrate what were really interlinked factors of one single problem, was that we were blinded by the status quo. we insisted on continuing to accept as library axioms, unalterable and unquestionable, certain assumptions which had no validity as axioms, such pseudo-axioms as: libraries are collections of books, books are stored on shelves, library materials have to be cataloged, catalogs have to be made on cards, books must be arranged by their call numbers, etc., etc., etc. it is not until we have looked behind, and beyond, every one of theseand many other-supposedly basic axioms of library method and have seriously questioned their immutability, that we begin to make any real progress. for when we do this we are suddenly amazed to find the mismatched bits of our research library growth-puzzle falling, almost of themselves, into a quite astonishingly new synthesis. a sample of micro-reduction let us see if the phrase used above, "failed to integrate," can be made more concrete. some months ago we here at wesleyan bought, from the read ex microprint corporation, their reproduction of the two english literature volumes of the church catalog. their micro-print copy of these volumes came to us on six leaves of paper, each leaf six-by-nine inches in size and each printed on both sides. the six leaves were delivered to us enclosed in a substantially made, linen-bound slipcover box, six and one half by ten inches, and two inches thick, duly labeled on its back-strip edge so that it could be stored upright on the shelf like a book. the point we are getting at here is this: the church catalog had, by microreduction, been greatly reduced in purchase cost, had been reduced in fact to about one twenty-fifth of its established auction price in book form. and, obviously, that is a very substantial accomplishment. but book purchase cost, we must always remember, is only the first of four categories of book cost. what had the readex people done about the other three? clearly they might, in some way, have done something about storage cost at least; because they had, through the magic of micro-reduction, shrunk twelve hundred large pages down to twelve small ones, i.e., they had effected a more than 99 percent decrease in storage bulk. · failure to integrate but in this particular case, as in most of the attacks which we librarians have ourselves made upon the library growth problem, there had occurred at this point a failure to integrate all four of the factors of cost. what was the result? so far as storage was concerned our six leaves of microprinted church catalog were delivered to us as a complete unit in a form that negatived practically all of the saving in storage cost that micro-reduction had effected. we were, to all intents and purposes, put right back where we started: we were asked to handle and store a "book" again and a fairly bulky book at that. what of the last cost factor, cataloging? about it also the readex people did nothing. it never even occurred to them that it was any business of theirs to do anything. (and, very possibly, at this stage, it wasn't.) in any event their failure to integrate cost four into their over-all producthe future of the research library 51 tion picture meant that, when we received our six-leaf "book" from them, we had to catalog it ourselves; and, in doing our cataloging of it, we had to follow exactly the same procedure, and had to incur exactly the same expense, as we would have had if we had been cataloging the church catalog in its otigffial two-volume form. this particular illustrative example has been picked out, not because the readex people did anything short-sighted or at all out of the ordinary. quite the contrary. they did exactly what all other publishers and all librarians have been doing. but what they did shows, in essence, why the micro-reduction of books for libraries has been, to date, so relatively disappointing a development. for-all propaganda to the contrary notwithstanding-it has been disappointing. we have had coming into our research libraries a mere trickle of micromaterials, where our micro-enthusiasts had hoped for, and had expected to have, a flood. and the reasons why this flood has never come is the one just stated: micro-reduction has never yet really integrated itself into library practice. micromaterials have always been treated (by their makers, by their users-and by librarians) as though they were books. a different sort of books, to be sure, an annoyingly different sort, and so problem-making instead of _problem-solving. chance to begin again no one seems to have realized that, abruptly, for the first time in over two thousand years, libraries were here being offered a chance to begin all over again. in this first half of the twentieth century a.d. the recorded words of men were coming in to us librarians, not in the form of the books in which they have been coming in to us for two milleniums, but in a brand-new form, an utterly, completely, basically different form, a form that demanded and that, if we could only see it, would require an utterly and completely and basically different library treatment. 3 because we didn't see this, we tried our hardest to treat them in the way we treated books. and we became annoyed when this didn't seem to work out very well. did it work well? consider what we 52 college & research libraries have all been doing when we took in a twenty-page pamphlet which had been reduced for us to a ten-inch strip of microfilm. a ten-inch strip of film doesn't seem to fit into conventional library practice anywhere. how, for instance, have we tried to store it? some of us put it in a box on the shelves. but, if we did that, we canceled-exactly as the readex people did with the church catalog-all of the economy in storage space that microreduction has salvaged for us. some of us put such a snippet in an envelope, and then filed the envelope in some sort of a vertical file. this worked fairly well, provided we had enough similar snippets to make a real file out of them, which most of us have not had. some of us tried splicing a lot of such snippets together until we had created a composite reel of odds and ends. but this result was, of course, always a hodgepodge, awkward to useand a sad mess to catalog. cataloging "to catalog!" here we are, back again to the fourth great factor of our growth problem, to that cost which, in actual fact, bulks larger than any one of the other three. who has made any attempt whatever really to integrate micro-reduction and cataloging? remember that now we don't mean drawing up a set of supplementary cataloging ''rules,'' to be duly inserted in our cataloging "codes," rules to cover such questions as: ''what additional data, if any, should be given when we are cataloging materials in microform?" "what form of 'collation' is required when cataloging films?" "who, in the case of films, shall be deemed the 'publisher'?" and such similar cataloging minutiae. it can be granted that there is in the record any amount of this sort of cataloging discussion. but now we are talking about something far deeper and more fundamental. we mean: what thought has been given to the idea that micro-reduction might make possible some basically new concept of cataloging, might make practicable some entirely new approach to the whole cataloging process? for this sort of discussion one searches the literature of january 1989 microfilm almost in vain. almost. in his comprehensive compendium, photographic reproduction for libraries, published only a few months ago, herman h. fussier, of the university of chicago, does give a hint-not much but still a hint-of the sort of thing that we are now talking about. he says (here abridging his comment but italicizing some significant phrases): the use of microfilm by libraries . . . has notresulted in basic changes of methods or organization ... the question must be raised as to whether ... we have gone far enough. is it possible . . . to utilize reproductive techniques in new and radical ways which would result in ... greater efficiency . . . to library patrons . . . in ways ... entirely divergent from our present conception of library organization methods? and a little further along he answers this question of his in these words: there is a body of evidence in the experience of nonlibrary and nonresearch organization and in the inherent nature of the techniques themselves, to poi!_lt toward an affirmative ... answer. . . . the library profession cannot afford to be too complacent or too conservative . . . if the library is to keep its rightful place in these swiftly changing times. dr. bendikson's work for many years, if any of us had made any attempt to effect the sort of new integration that we are now talking about, we would have been handicapped by the form in which micro-materials were being given to us. two thousand years ago books in roll form gave place to books in folded flat-sheet form. but, although some of us have felt strongly that, sooner or later, micro-materials in roll form would make the same transition, there had, until recently, been discovered no practicable way to accomplish it. and, although we further suspected-some of us-that the material that was going ultimately to be used for these flat micromaterials would be paper, or its equivalent, primarily because paper is cheaper than film but also because it is more resistant to handling abuse, we had found no way to make this change either. but, because we had these two ideas, some of us felt that dr. bendikson, of the huntington library, had been on the right track in his work, a decade or more ago, with paper photo-micro-prints, and thought that the very significant pioneer studies that he then made did not receive as much attention as, perhaps, they deserved. he had, of course, been stymied at the time he made them by the difficulty of reading his small-scale micro-reductions in paper-print form; but one may suspect that he believed that some day the optical difficulties that stood in the way of this sort of micro-reading, as well as the technical difficulties that prevented the printing of micro-materials on paper, would both ultimately be solved. if he did have this faith it was justified. when word came to me one day three or four years ago that the readex people had found the answer to both of these problems i was so excited that i took the next train to new york to see exactly what they had accomplished. they had indeed made a vast stride forward: we as librarians are not yet fully aware how great a stride. before our eyes entirely new possibilities in the use of micro-reduced materials were opening up: entirely new micro-concepts were at last taking practicable shape. of course dr. bendikson and mr. boni are only two out of a great many micropioneers. there was the unknown manwhoever he was-who first took a miniature camera shot of a printed page. there have been binkley, draeger, tate, pratt, raney, metcalf, and a long list of others, who have struggled intelligently, unselfishly, and successfully to make microphotography the practicable library tool that it now is. these micro-pioneers are not the ones responsible for our failure to integrate their work more closely into our own. that was not their job. they were interested primarily in the technical problems which their new medium presented. they almost had to be. and, as a result of their ingenuity and vision and sacrifice, we have now attained a relative perfection of technical result which places us very much, and forever, in their debt. use of catalog cards the new idea that is the subject matter of the book of which this paper is a sumthe future of the research library 53 mary came into being, as many such things do, from a quite unexpected direction. in attacking the library growth problem from all sorts of angles i had, for one thing, become acutely dissatisfied with some of the aspects of our conventional catalog card. and one thing about it that kept bothering me was the way it wasted perfectly good-and relatively expensive-card space. in the first place, the face of the card was wasteful. measurement of the superficial area of a great many catalog entries showed that, in the great majority of cases, a half-size card (i.e., a card 61/4 x 7112 em.) would provide all the space that was needed. and such a small card could be read and handled almost as easily as our so-called standard-size catalog card. but, although i even went so far as to suggest in one of my early papers4 the possibility of giving such half-size catalog cards serious consideration and although, here at wesleyan, we have for several years been successfully using such cardsseveral millions of them-for another purpose, 5 i was still not at all convinced that we ought to change to them for cataloging. for one thing, half-size cards would not, of themselves, do anything about the wasted packs of our present cards. and, because this waste was twice as great as the waste on the fronts of the cards, it intrigued me that much more. use of waste space the waste of space on a standard catalog card-even though it is a waste of three quarters of every card and even though it is being repeated on billions of catalog cards all over the world-might not seem, to most people, important enough to spend very much time over. but, as i was thinking about it one day, this idea came to me: why might we not combine the microtexts of our books and the catalog cards for these same books in one single entity? in other words, why could we not put our micro-books on the (at present entirely unused) backs of their own catalog cards? and wasn't this that new "integration" of our basic materials that i had for years been looking for? i called this new concept, this new correlation of functions, a "micro-card." the more i considered this new micro54 college & research libraries card idea, the more it grew on me. for, with almost miraculous simplicity, it seemed, automatically, to solve, not one, but all four of the factors of our growth problem. in my remaining space let me-very briefly indeed-run over these four solutions. the cut in first cost, the original purchase cost of the text, is obvious. in the church catalog case the saving made was about 99 percent. in very few cases will it be less than 90 percent. storage cost second, storage cost. any one familiar with microfilm knows that a fair amount of micro-text can be put on the back of a standard-size catalog card, but even some microfilm enthusiasts may be surprised to · learn how much can be put there. we are assuredly today only in the first stages of inicro-reduction technique, yet even today it is possible-by using some very simple new methods in our photographing6to get as many as 250 pages of an ordinary twelvemo book on the back of a single catalog card. and there can be no doubt at all that, given just a slight further smoothness in film graining, just a little more technical skill in micro-photographing, just a little more improvement in lenses and in camera efficiency, we shall be able, and in a very few years at that, to put, if we wish, as many as five hundred ordinarysize book pages-in other words a regular full-size twelvemo book-on the back of one single catalog card. of course, as has just been suggested, we can't do this if we insist on following the conventional method that we have always followed in the microphotographing of our texts. but there isn't the slightest reason why we should follow them. furthermore, very often-in fact, in most cases-we shall not want to put 250 pages, or anything like that number of pages, on the back of a single catalog ,card, even if we are technically able to do so. other and very important factors indeed7 are going to enter into this particular question, and it is these factors rather than ultimate compactness in storage that are going to determine the number of pages we put on each card. january 1989 100 percent saving in one sense micro-cards will reduce our storage cost not 90 percent or 99 percent but a full100 percent. now it must be admitted that to claim a saving of 100 percent on storage cost sounds a little crazy. but consider. a single twenty-three-inch-long catalog drawer would, if it were full of micro-cards, hold twenty-three hundred author-entry catalog cards, for twentythree hundred books. it would also hold, on their backs-if we assume for the purpose of this example that none df this particular lot of books happened to be over 250 pages long-the complete unabridged texts of all these same twenty-three hundred books in micro-reduced form. and, obviously, to get in one single catalog drawer twenty-three hundred complete "books," books which would require for their storage in normal book form a row of eight bookcases, each case seven shelves high and three feet wide, would seem in itself to be quite enough of a miracle. but we said that our storage saving was 100 percent. and 100 percent it literally is. for our twenty-three hundred volumes, when they have been reduced to microcard form, actually occupy no space whatever, because what they occupy is the white space on the backs of the cards that would have had to be in that catalog drawer anyway if we had not printed our micro-texts on it. take next, the third category of research library growth costs-binding. with micro-cards, binding costs also have evaporated. they too have been cut a full100 percent. yet still we have not reached-in fact we have not begun to reach-the end of the economies which micro-cards offer us. there remains the fourth and last factor of our growth cost problem: cataloging. for decades librarians have been talking about cooperative cataloging, and yet, through all these same decades they have kept right on doing a large part of their cataloging over and over again, in each e.£ their libraries, independently. now micro-cards come to invite those libraries for which they are intended-namely research libraries-to save somewhere between 96 and 99 percent of their present entire cataloging cost. "invite" isn't a good word: "force" would be a better one. for with micro-cards it is hardly possible to avoid, even if one wanted to do so, the enormous economies of genuine and complete cooperative cataloging. why? because whoever prints one side of our microcard will in practice print the other side also. 8 and just as the cost of printing the microcard text, already small though it is in total, is divided up between a hundred or the future of the research library 55 . two hundred subscribing libraries, so the cost of cataloging will also be divided between the same one hundred or two hundred libraries. this means that our present costs for independently done cataloging will, for micro-cards, shrink almost to the vanishing point. instead of a dollar or so per cataloged item, they will become a matter of a cent per item or less. references and notes 1. the scholar and the future of the research library, part 1, chapters 4 and 6, discuss some of the '' solutions" that do propose taking the scholars books away from him. 2. further discussed in op. cit., part 1, chapter 3. 3. for the "circulation aspects of the 'solution' "here proposed see op. cit., part 2, chapter 6; for the cataloging side, see part 2, chapters 3 and 4. 4. "the possibility of discarding the card catalog." library quarterly 8:329-45, july 1938. 5. in the work of the american genealogical index. 6. discussed in detail in rider, op. cit., part 2, chapter 2. 7. these are discussed in op. cit., part 2, chapter 5, part 2, chapter 10. 8. the publishing of micro-cards is discussed in part 2, chapter 7, and in the two following chapters. 50th anniversary year: 1939-1989 in march college & research libraries guest editorial by david kaser, former editor personnel issues for academic librarians: a review and perspective for the future by sheila creth the status of research in library/information science: guarded optimism by charles mcclure librarians and library educators in the 1980s: shared interests, cooperative ventures by marianne cooper and shoshana kaufmann unobtrusive studies and the quality of academic library reference services by jo bell whitlatch the comparable effects of term paper counseling in group instruction sections by patricia morris donegan 292 college & research libraries march 2019 big data shocks will be well received by those who are looking to further their knowledge on big data, as well as those thinking about its role in the library. given the complexity of the topic, weiss is strategic yet comprehensive in addressing the changes, or shocks, that big data technology is playing in shaping our society. the author also does a good and often outstanding job in exploring the intersections and possible futures of big data and libraries. this work should help further the discussion and the work on approaching and using big data technologies in libraries, as well as the evolving role that librarians should and can have in the age of big data.—kara kugelmeyer, colby college jana brubaker. text, lies and cataloging: ethical treatment of deceptive works in the library. jefferson, nc: mcfarland & company, inc., 2018. 158p. paper, $55.00 (isbn 978-0-7864-9744-7). in text, lies and cataloging, jana brubaker explores the various issues that catalog professionals face in providing bibliographic descriptions of deceptive library resources. as she explains in her preface, creating accurate and useful catalog records for library users can be particularly challenging for works that contain inaccurate facts, deceive the reader through questionable authorship, or blur the boundaries of genre. the circumstances and possible cataloging solutions surrounding works of questionable authorship, authenticity, or veracity are multifarious, and brubaker’s stated dual goal is to provide “a resource that identifies, describes, and discusses questionable books” (pg. 1) and to “suggest a framework for navigating decisions that must be made when cataloging these materials” (pg. 2). taking into account the potential interest of this topic to noncatalogers, the author begins her book with an articulate introduction into relevant cataloging terms. brubaker, who has more than 25 years of cataloging experience, provides clear and concise explanations of the machine readable cataloging (marc) fields in which bibliographic records and authority records are encoded. she pays special attention to bibliographic fields that are relevant to the cataloging of questionable works and discusses the purposes of authority records such as disambiguation and collocation. her lucid explanations are accompanied by screenshots of two oclc-marc records, one of a bibliographic record and the other of an authority record, which have been altered to include explanatory labels and to provide complementary visual clarifications. the next three chapters of the book discuss briefly the category of deceptive works and the obstacles to accurate cataloging, followed by a survey of the cataloging standards and professional codes of ethics. brubaker describes the dilemmas that catalogers face in assessing the veracity of deceptive works and the questionable authenticity of their authors. she continues to detail the principles of the professional standards that guide catalogers in their daily cataloging tasks, including among others the previous and current cataloging rules, the statement of international cataloguing principles issued by the international federation of library associations and institutions (ifla) and the code of ethics of the american library association. collectively, these preliminary chapters provide an insightful review of the professional values and responsibilities of catalogers relevant to deceptive works and propose a useful “framework for assessing these works in order to help catalogers decide what is ethical, practical, and necessary” (pg. 4). book reviews 293 the balance of the book is devoted to the discussion of case studies, limited in scope to monographs in english and published between 1800 and the present, which serve both as a general reference of key deceptive works and as an instructive compilation of possible cataloging approaches. this practical section consists of 55 case studies that are organized into four genre categories: memoirs and autobiographies, other nonfiction, fiction, and poetry. brubaker discusses the circumstances of each case in detail, makes brief recommendations about how the books should be cataloged, and supports her assertions and claims with well-researched endnotes. there is a bibliography of the case studies, a selected bibliography of secondary sources, and a comprehensive index at the end of the book. while expressing preference for the broader term of deceptive works over terms such as literary forgeries, false memories, literary hoaxes, and fake literature, brubaker sensibly chooses to focus in her case studies on two particularly challenging situations. the first relates to questionable authorship. “the author takes on or creates the identity of another person for the purpose of laying claim to experiences and perspectives that are not his own” (pg. 9). the second concerns the veracity of works, specifically of “self-described nonfiction works that are actually fiction or contain factual errors” (pg. 10). by limiting her investigative scope, brubaker is able to conduct an extensive analysis of the seemingly countless variations of the two cases, thereby greatly enhancing her discussions and culminating with a nuanced and thoughtful summary of cataloging solutions. her suggestions are carefully crafted, always taking into account professional and ethical considerations. they are practical in nature and, at times, quite thought-provoking as they call for a more active role of the cataloger in the unmasking of deceptive works. in her final paragraph, brubaker acknowledges that her proposed solutions are mostly useful in the current marc environment, and she assures the reader that “grappling with questions of authenticity, identity, and veracity in relation to our profession’s responsibilities and ethical standards will remain relevant” in a linked data environment (pg. 129). the book under review is aimed toward selectors of materials, reference librarians, library science students, and, particularly, catalogers. the case studies, ranging from clifford irving’s elaborate ploy to publish a fake autobiography of howard hughes to david solway’s practical joke of inventing a fictional greek poet named andres karavis, represent a series of curious and delightful vignettes that might also be of interest to nonlibrarians. the book’s major accomplishment lies in the author’s ability to combine thoughtful deliberations on cataloging issues related to questionable works with a very entertaining selection of case studies, narrated and discussed in a fashion easily accessible to a wide audience.—danijela matković, yale university john levi martin. thinking through methods: a social science primer. chicago: the university of chicago press, 2017. 269p. paper, $30.00 (isbn 978-0-22-643172-7). lc 2016025207. thinking through methods: a social science primer, john levi martin’s new book on social science research, focuses on qualitative research methods as tools for thinking, with the ultimate goal of improving the quality of social science research output. martin, the florence borchert bartling professor of sociology at the university of chicago, undergirds his discussion of qualitative social sciences research methods with wide-ranging examples from the literature of the discipline, as he champions rigor in the work of social science research with humor and some snark. _goback _goback _goback _goback _goback college and research libraries carol f. ishimoto the national program for acquisitions and cataloging: its impact on university libraries the library of congress national program for acquisitions and cataloging has been in operation since 1966. it seemed timely to conduct a fact-finding study to examine the effects of this program on the organization of bibliographic activities in a selected group of university libraries. this report will attempt to prove that the program has had a significant impact on these libraries. with budget cuts experienced by most libraries in recent years, there is no doubt that this program has contributed a great deal towards reducing cataloging costs and increasing bibliographic compatibility with the library of congress. in 1964 the association of research lmraries ( arl), in its efforts to reduce the amount of original cataloging performed by research libraries, passed a resolution which would give high priority to developing a program of centralized cataloging. this led to the formation of the arl shared cataloging committee with william s. dix, university librarian, princeton university, as chairman.1 the committee's proposal, in consultation with the library of congress ( lc), resulted in the formation of the library of congress national program for acquisitions and cataloging (npac), commonly referred to as the shared cataloging and regional acquisitions program, and authorized ms. lshimoto is senior cataloger, harvard college library. this study was conducted in the fall 1971, under the auspices of the council on library resources fellowship program. the author extends her thanks to all who helped in the survey. 126 i by title ii, part c of the higher education act of 1965. according to the text of the act, funds would be transferred to lc from the department of health, education, and welfare for acquiring currently published library materials throughout the world of value to scholarship, and for providing and distributing bibliographic data in the form of printed catalog cards, or by other means, promptly after receipt of these materials. it was the hope of arl and lc that npac would accomplish speedier bibliographic control of increasing acquisitions into research libraries by sharing the bibliographic information from the national bibliographies, and thus would reduce cataloging costs by eliminating the unnecessary duplication of libraries cataloging the same work a number of times. in september 1966, john w. cronin, then director of the processing department of the library of congress, issued his first progress report on the title ii-c shared cataloging program. in it he reported that sixty-eight libraries had agreed to participate in the program and that the lc depository sets were being sent to these libraries. at that time the first overseas lc control center established in london for current british imprints was fully operational. today, nearly six years later, np ac coverage includes the following countries: australia, austria, belgium, bulgaria, canada, czechoslovakia, denmark, finland, france, german democratic republic, german federal republic, great britain, italy, japan, netherlands, new zealand, norway, rumania, south africa, spain, sweden, switzerland, ussr, and yugoslavia. in addition to these shared cataloging countries, npac regional acquisitions centers exist in southeast asia (indonesia, malaysia, singapore, and brunei), east africa, and brazil. there are presently eighty-three participating libraries receiving the title ii depository sets from lc. clearly, npac is one of the most ambitious and important federally supported programs undertaken by the library of congress. a fact-finding study of the effects of npac on the organization of bibliographic activities in a selected group of university libraries was made by this writer in the fall of 1971. thirteen large libraries of institutions founded in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, with one exception, were visited. the eighteenth century institutions were yale, university of pennsylvania, princeton, columbia, and the u niversity of north carolina; those established in the nineteenth century were the university of michigan, university of toronto, indiana university, cornell, university of california (berkeley), stanford, and the u ni~ersity of chicago; and the only twentieth century institution was the university of california at los angeles. there is no correlation between the age of the instiacquisitions and cataloging i 127 tution and the size of its library, with the exception of yale, which is the oldest ( 1701) and also the largest ( 5.5 million volumes). this report is limited to the central research collections of these libraries and any departmental libraries for which cataloging is centralized. the first part will discuss some effects of npac on the administration of technical services departments; it will then describe the systems of deferred cataloging used to optimize the utilization of the depository sets received from lc; the third part will analyze the percentage figures for materials cataloged with npac/lc copy and those which are cataloged originally. the concluding portion of this report will be an evaluation of npac, its future implications, and current trends in the development of parallel programs by several of these libraries. the effects of npac on the administration of technical services departments with the beginning of npac, technical services administrators for the most part began thinking in terms of restructuring their departments in order to capitalize on the economic advantage of using nonprofessionals for cataloging with lc copy. toronto was the only library that had an lc cataloging unit in operation since the early 1960s; for the american libraries this was not a conversion that could be made immediately, since it meant a gradual phasing from professional to nonprofessional. today the majority of these libraries have lc cataloging sections staffed with nonprofessionals, with a high caliber nonprofessional or professional in charge. those libraries not having a separate lc unit still employ nonprofessionals for cataloging with lc copy. it is difficult to quote figures as to how much np ac has saved in dollars. it is 128 i college & research libraries • march 1973 interesting to note that princeton, for instance, has not hired a professional cataloger in six years, but the number of nonprofessional catalogers has increased from two in 1966 to eight in 1971 due to the increase in the number of npacilc cards available. at indiana the number of "junior" catalogers increased from five to ten during the same period with some of the professional positions converted to nonprofessional posts. at cornell in 1964 only one nonprofessional existed in their catalog department; in seven years seven professional positions have been converted to nonprofessional posts. in 1966167 the staff of the catalog department at yale was equally divided between professionals and nonprofessionals; today the ratio is one third professional and two thirds nonprofessional. during the fiscal year 1970 i 71 yale converted two senior professional positions to two nonprofessional posts in subject cataloging; two nonprofessional posts held by college graduates in descriptive cataloging were replaced by two high school graduates. the actual savings due to these conversions amounted to $15,000, to cite a specific figure. in order to expedite processing with lc copy and to take advantage of the increase in the number of npacilc cards, four libraries have adopted the lc classification schedules since 1966: yale ( 1969), pennsylvania ( 1967), columbia (1966), north carolina (1966). others adopted lc earlier: stanford ( 1965), toronto ( 1959), cornell ( 1949). berkeley and michigan adopted lc in the 1920s, but their collections have not been totally reclassified. ucla, chicago, and indiana are totally classified by lc. princeton, as of 1971, has adopted several classes of the lc schedules and further expansion will be explored. the libraries which have adopted the lc classification schedules in recent years have not attempted to reclassify their entire collections. yale and pennsylvania, for instance, have limited their reclassification to their reference collections. shelving books in the stacks by two different classification schemes has not presented undue public service problems. it should be pointed out that these libraries have reorganized their stacks in order to bring corresponding subjects together as much as possible on a given floor. closing off the c'old" classification schemes meant that books in those areas could be shelved in compact storage fashion. browsers appear to have adjusted to browsing in two different areas. this is not to suggest that problems do not arise; the important issue is that some administrators were willing to take a long range point of view in adopting the lc classification schemes, regardless of the size of their collections, in order to conform as much as possible with lc, which in turn would result in a reduction of cataloging costs. for some, however, such a decision could only be interpreted as being made at the expense of the readers and users of the libraries. time and cost figures for cataloging with npac/lc cards versus original cataloging were not readily available. in two of the largest libraries it is estimated that titles with lc copy require about half the amount of time to catalog than those without. at another library the ratio seemed to be three titles with lc copy to one title cataloged originally. mrs. helen tuttle, assistant university librarian for preparations at princeton, made a time and cost study based on descriptive cataloging only, excluding subject analysis. the results indicate that in descriptive cataloging salary costs, roughly six titles with lc copy are equivalent to the cost of one original title. in her time study for titles cataloged descriptively only, approximately four titles with lc copy could be processed for each original title. ralph johnson, assistant head of technical serj j j 1 i j ) l 1 j ) j vices at ucla, reported that cataloging by nonprofessional lc copy catalogers averages twenty minutes per title, while original cataloging by professional catalogers averages forty-five minutes per title. to illustrate the time saved in man hours, mr. johnson pointed out that in 1970 at least 50 percent of the lc cards, or approximately 10,500 titles, retrieved from the depository file were actual npac titles. he stated that based on the above figures, lc copy catalogers would catalog these 10,500 npac titles in 3,500 hours while the professional catalogers would require 7,708 hours, had original cataloging been required. this is a time saving of 4,208 man hours. mr. ritvars bregzis, associate librarian for systems and technical services at the university of toronto, made a salary cost study for lc copy cataloging versus original cataloging in 1968/69. his figures included descriptive cataloging, subject analysis, and classification. the results indicate that at toronto the cost of original cataloging is nearly four times greater than lc copy cataloging. the advantages of conforming to lc as much as possible, and reducing cataloging costs by doing so, have encouraged technical services administrators to adopt a flexible attitude toward the delays which continue to exist in the distribution of npac data. deferred cataloging for optimizing the utilization of the depository file before discussing how some of these libraries are trying to improve the utilization of the depository file it might be appropriate to discuss the maintenance of the depository file itself. for some libraries, the maintenance of the depository file has presented budgetary and space problems. when the npac cards began arriving many of the libraries receiving the depository sets acquisitions and cataloging i 129 from lc did not anticipate the notable increase in the amount of filing that would be created and therefore did not adequately provide for this in their budgets. also, with the steady increase in the number of cards received from lc, the need for additional catalog cases and the space to locate them have led some administrators to the decision of maintaining temporary depository files, sorting out certain categories of cards either to be distributed to other locations, or discarded, and keeping the others received for the current year and either one, two, or four previous years. yale, michigan, and berkeley appear to be the only libraries that have continued to maintain the original depository files, although they have all started supplementary files due to the growth of their catalogs. four of the libraries have maintained their depository files, excluding certain categories, since the beginning of npac, but due to space problems may decide to weed their files once the lc quinquennial catalog ( 1968-1972) is published. cornell and chicago do not maintain depository files, but have instead integrated their depository cards immediately into their selection activities. only those npac/ lc cards for which books are ordered, anticipated on approval/blanket order plans, or which represent works being received on standing orders for monographic series are retained. chicago, however, maintains a cross-reference file; cornell keeps a selective group of references which includes history and information cards and cross-references for the hebrew, south asian, and east asian classes. it may be of some interest to note here some of the categories that libraries discard from the depository sets as they are received from lc: phonodiscs, filmstrips, motion pictures, maps, music, juvenile literature, revised cards, and those specific subjects and languages that do not fall within the collecting 130 i college & research libraries • march 1973 policies of the libraries. cross-references represented a category discarded by several libraries, but lc is now able to handle them as a separate unit in the distribution of cards to the np ac participants so those libraries have been given the opportunity of eliminating the receipt of these cards. there is increasing discussion today on the part of those libraries maintaining temporary files that a title arrangement is preferable to a main entry approach. their position is that a title arrangement of the depository file would result in more successful matches, since there are fewer variables with titles than with the main entry approach. the university of north carolina is one of the libraries that keep~ a temporary file and in 1969 it made the decision to rearrange the depository file to a title arrangement. if lc were to discontinue the arrangement of the depository sets by main entry, those libraries maintaining a permanent file, which also serves as an authority file, would find this arrangement very unsatisfactory. in order to optimize the utilization of npac/lc cards, the majority of the libraries have developed systematic deferred cataloging procedures for current materials with imprint dates for the current year and generally two previous years. the waiting period for npac/lc copy ranges from six months to an unlimited period of time, but usually not exceeding two years as a maximum. waiting for lc copy is justified for two basic reasons: ( 1) cataloging costs are reduced, and ( 2) bibliographic compatibility with lc is achieved. seven libraries file copies of their order slips in their depository files for works which are likely ·candidates for npac/lc copy and hopefully a match is eventually made between the book and the lc copy. for libraries participating in the various pl480 programs the books are generally held indefinitely for the lc/ pl480 cards to arrive. the alternative is to process these materials from the bibliographic information on the pl480 slips included with the shipment of books, or from the bibliographic data recorded in the corresponding accessions lists. while deferred cataloging is in effect at a majority of these libraries, service to readers has not been curtailed. u ncataloged materials are made available in a variety of ways. yale has an "in process list" on film and cornell has a "status list" which is a computer-produced printout, both of which list materials on order as well as received, and the location of the uncataloged materials. michigan, in 1964, established a procedure called "temporary one entry" (toe) whereby copies of the computer-produced order fanfolds are filed in the public and depository catalogs. the books are shelved in the stacks by accession number and are available for circulation. michigan's entries are reviewed by a professional cataloger at the time the books are received and any necessary changes of entry are noted on the order fanfolds before the slips are filed in the two catalogs. when the npac/lc cards are received the books are recalled from toe for standard cataloging. ucla, in 1968/69, developed a system patterned after michigan's toe, but in lieu of filing order slips into the public catalog, a computer-produced printout of toe titles, arranged by author entry, is updated every two weeks in the form of a catalog supplement. toe candidates include "notifies" and reserve books. the entries used in the catalog supplement are those established at the time of preorder searching, so presumably no additional time is spent on reviewing the entries. for several years berkeley has had a system of deferred cataloging termed "temporary cataloging pool" (tcp) which makes possible the circulation of uncataloged materials. at the present time, berkeley is ex' i perimenting with extending tcp to branch library materials which are cataloged centrally at the general library. copies of the order slip are filed both in the depository file and the author i title catalog for tcp materials; temporary records are sent to the branch libraries. in 1970 i 11 chicago established a circulating "w" class for uncataloged materials while waiting for npac/lc copy. the letter c'w" was used because it represented a letter not used in the lc classification schedules. therefore, ccw" plus the accessions number constitutes the call number for these books. earlier in this report chicago was mentioned as one of the libraries that does not maintain a separate depository file; however, those npacilc cards selected by the book selectors either to be ordered or to be saved are filed into an outstanding order file ( oof) which is arranged by title. since selection is by no means limited to titles found on npacilc cards, the establishment of the circulating ccw' class has been a step forward in service and has practically eliminated rush cataloging of these current titles for readers. copies of the order slips for these uncataloged books are filed by a title arrangement in a supplementary file at the end of the general catalog. this system appears to be one of the least expensive means of making uncataloged materials available; books which are candidates for this class are on the shelves ready for circulation on the third day after arrival in the library. of all the deferred cataloging systems used by these libraries, the most personalized public service system is that developed by princeton called c'reader liaison service." the service, which was started in 1968, is given by a nonprofessional of high caliber who is a member of the order division of the preparations department. order slips filed in the public catalog give instructions to acquisitions and cataloging i 131 the reader to consult the order division for information regarding the availability of the title. when books are received at princeton and npacilc copy is not immediately available for them, the books are arranged by date received and shelved by order number in a "hold area." a control file arranged by order number is stamped by date received and this is the key to locating uncataloged materials. an important result of this service is the elimination of most of the rush cataloging, including reserve books, which are also circulated on an uncataloged basis. the major difference between princeton's system of deferred cataloging and the four other systems described above is that princeton's uncataloged books are not shelved in the open stacks, but are shelved within the working area of the preparations department. in order to charge out an uncataloged book the order number serves as the call number and the book is simply stamped inside the cover showing marks of ownership and the statement to return the book to the order di~ vision. this system eliminates the temporary preparation of the books for _ the stacks. a procedure has been developed to circulate uncataloged monographs to branch libraries as well. this service costs princeton the salary of one nonprofessional, but with an average monthly circulation of 457 titles in 1970 i 71, one can assume that this is quite a successful approach to making uncataloged materials available while waiting for lc copy. it is important that libraries have a systematic reviewing process in order to prevent the development of large, uncontrollable backlogs. two obvious disadvantages of temporary records are that books are handled twice, however slight the first processing represents, and additional filing of temporary records is required during the interim of waiting for lc copy. an inconvenience which sometimes arises from circulating 132 i college & research libraries • march 1973 uncataloged books is the need for recalling or locating books when the npac/ lc cards arrive in the libraries. as long as deferred cataloging continues, it is necessary that a thorough analysis of the costs involved with temporary processing be made periodically to insure that costs are being kept to a minimum. materials cataloged with npac/lc copy and originally no distinction is made by these libraries between materials cataloged with npac copy from those cataloged with regular lc copy. therefore, it is virtually impossible to measure the extent of npac cards used by these libraries; however, most of these libraries have kept statistics since the beginning of npac for materials cataloged with lc copy in general, which includes shared cataloging cards and regular lc cards. ( see table 1.) in presenting cataloging production figures and the percentages of works cataloged with lc copy by these libraries, the following factors must be kept in mind: ( 1 ) the priorities of the libraries; ( 2) the size of the cataloging staff and the num her of hours spent on cataloging; ( 3) whether there is a cataloging backlog and the size of it; ( 4) the extent of area programs, special collections, and collecting policies which do not fall within the scope of npac; ( 5) the extent of deferred cataloging; and ( 6) the lack of standardization in the content of cataloging statistics. the investigation revealed that there are still types of materials that require original cataloging. certain categories appear to lend themselves to original cataloging on a somewhat continuing basis: ( 1) rare books; ( 2) retrospective materials; ( 3) specialized subject and language collections; ( 4) the institution's theses and foreign dissertations, excluding trade editions; ( 5) technical reports; ( 6) selective pamphlet materials; ( 7) microforms; and ( 8) the specific priorities of the libraries to meet the needs of their university communities. east asian rna terials represented a specialized area which was common to all thirteen institutions. in spite of the fact that npac coverage has included japan since 1968, many of these libraries felt that although the percentage of npac/lc copy has increased for works in the japanese language, the coverage was not yet up to their expectations. the real problem, however, seems to be with chinese materials for which a considerable amount of original cataloging is being done by these libraries because there is no program equivalent to npac for china. since the cultural revolution in mainland china in 1966, new current publications have practically ceased to exist. 2 in view of the recent developments between china and the united states perhaps there is some possibility that this new relationship may encourage the establishment of a program similar to npac, not limiting itself to current acquisitions, but extending the program to include retrospective materials dating back to 1949 or earlier. in 1970/71 princeton reported that out of a total of 4,119 chinese titles cataloged, only 20 percent of these titles were cataloged with lc copy; for j apanese titles, 36 percent out of i, 795 titles were cataloged with npac/lc cards. in 1969/70 yale performed an analysis of cataloging and time statistics and for east asian materials, the average number of titles cataloged per month was 85.7 with 23.4 percent cataloged with lc cards. robert vosper, university librarian of ucla, questioned the wisdom of continuing to classify chinese and japanese materials with the classic harvard yenching scheme. his point is well taken since these materials are becoming in-~ j acquisitions and cataloging i 133 table 1 library new titles cataloged 1966/67 1970/71 toronto 50,683 80,263 stanford 42,097 60,119 yale 59,826 74,0562 indiana 55,537 63,196 cornell 85,155 75,883 pennsylvania 25,380' 35,984' ucla 48,489 55,143 berkeley 38,901 53,513 columbia 55,443 61,141 chicago 56,719 57,o4gs michigan 49,394 59,096 north carolina 47,39w0 princeton 39,649 59,282 1. this lower figure is due to an increase in coverage of materials in the non-roman alphabet and retrospective works. 2. in 1969/70 when yale adopted the lc classification and subject headings were already revised to conform to lc, the count of new titles hit a new high of 76,451. in 1970/71, if southeast and east asian materials were excluded from the count, the percentage of lc copy would have risen to 63. yale has established a system of priorities in cataloging and only current imprints falling within a certain priority are held for lc cards. 3. cornell has a holding period of at least ten months for monographs in series. at the end of ten months, approximately 70 percent can be matched with npac/lc cards. 4. does not include serials or rare books cataloged within the central library. current books are held creasingly multidisciplinary in character and the time may have therefore arrived to adopt the lc classification. furthermore, if an npac type of program were ever developed for china, it would be highly advantageous to adopt lc in order to reduce classification costs for chinese as well as japanese materials. materials from spain and portugal were reported by these libraries as areas requiring original cataloging. spain has since been incorporated into npac so current spanish imprints for 1971 i 72 are now covered. however, due to the unfortunate delay of its national bibliography, portugal remains outside the scope of npac, although lc does supply some copy for works with portuguese imprints. serials continue to require a substantial amount of original cataloging. although lc has been giving u.s. serials percent of lc copy 1966/67 1970/71 56 521 53 ( approx. ) 40 53 36 54 43 573 60' 49 645 49 706 53 707 57 708 67 709 7si0 41 son six to eight months for lc copy. 5. figure reflects deferred cataloging (toe). 6, figure reflects deferred cataloging ( tcp). 7. current materials are held for about eight months before the first search. 8. in 1970 the regenstein library opened; there was also a reduction in staff by 6.3 percent. production figures for the two previous years were: 1968/69, 67,686 titles; 1969/70, 67,487 titles. the lc figure for 1970/71 reflects the deferred cataloging system. 9. both lc figures reflect michigan's toe system of deferred cataloging. 10. this figure was lower than previous years due to staff turnover. the figure includes lc adaptive cataloging. 11. figure reflects deferred cataloging, and includes cataloging derived from lc. higher priority than previously, a number of librarians expressed the need for npac coverage of foreign serials, at least on a selective basis. perhaps this suggestion is somewhat more reasonable today since lc has adopted the anglo· american cataloging rules for cataloging serials. documents, including foreign, international, and national, appeared to be an important class of materials which required a considerable amount of original cataloging. although lc is giving a higher cataloging priority to u.s. federal and state documents, the coverage is on a selective basis. the libraries would benefit a great deal if more documents were processed by lc, since documents are frequently difficult and timeconsuming for the individual libraries to catalog. the end result would be advantageous in that libraries would 134 i college & research libraries • march 1973 achieve greater bibliographic compatibility with lc. it is doubtful that original cataloging will ever cease entirely in large university libraries because of the nature of their collections and the communities they serve. however, it is reasonable to assume that with the increase in availability of lc copy, the number of original cataloging personnel can be gradually decreased, with personnel limited to those with special language and/ or subject expertise. the important question is at what point lc copy has achieved the ideal percentage figure for research libraries in general. one would expect that the percentage figure should be higher for smaller and medium sized research libraries than for large research libraries with collections of over two million volumes. of course, thoughts and opinions would vary widely on this question, and there is undoubtedly more than one answer. it would seem that a reasonable ideal lc copy availability figure for large research libraries would be in the vicinity of 70-75 percent, with a limited amount of deferred catalogin g. the evaluation of npac and its future implications research libraries owe a great deal to the association of research libraries and to the library of congress for the foresight and action taken in the development of the shared cataloging program. if npac receives sufficient funds to extend its coverage and the speed of its operations, the availability of cataloging copy will be increased, and therefore greater bibliographic compatibility will be attained. this in turn should prove to be a significant contribution toward the eventual goal of an automated national data base. without npac, virtually no major academic research library, in view of the tight budgetary situation in recent years, could have continued to maintain present levels of bibliographic control. although npac has not been able to produce cataloging copy within three to four weeks upon receipt of the titles at lc as was originally planned when the program was developed, libraries have for the most part adjusted their technical operations to the delays in order to optimize the utilization of npac/lc cards. it is encouraging to learn that the delays in card distribution to npac participants are not due to backlogs in the shared cataloging division at lc, but to delays in the card production unit of the government printing office (gpo). according to a recent statement made by lc, foreign language titles required ten to eleven weeks to be printed at gpo in april 1971; but in january 1972, this had been reduced to three to four weeks.3 npac cards have been valuable to book selectors in the acquisition of current materials. preorder searching has benefited from npac cards because entries can be verified at the time of ordering and this information passed on when the materials are received for processing. it can be said that npac has contributed to the realization that the activities of acquisitions and cataloging are interrelated and that the information recorded at the time a book is ordered should be as bibliographically correct as possible so that the same information can be used at the cataloging stage, eliminating unnecessary duplication of effort. it was encouraging to observe that the majority of the libraries studied were accepting the descriptive, subject, and classification information on npac/ lc cards as much as possible, except in cases of actual error.4 experienced catalogers, however, expressed concern over the lack of standardization of bibliographic description on npac cards. when npac began, catalogers were en... couraged to adopt a flexible attitude and accept the variations in bibliographic description as given in the various foreign national bibliographies. as the years go on, there is no doubt that greater uniformity is desirable, as variations could lead to problems in the identification of publications. at the international meeting of cataloguing experts in copenhagen in 1969, discussions were held regarding the development of an international standard bibliographic description ( isbd) which would include bibliographic data required for catalog cards, national bibliographies, and book orders. 5 a proposed draft standard of the isbd was presented at the meeting of the international federation of library associations ( ifla) in 1971. if the proposed isbd is adopted at the international level, libraries will not only benefit from the bibliographic standardization of npac cards, but they can look forward to a future expansion of the marc program to include foreign language materials in a standard bibliographic format. a parallel program of npac for u.s. publications is cataloging in publication ( cip). this deserves inclusion in this report because of its tremendous potential with 157 american publishers participating as of january 1972. libraries receiving the lc depository set will have the option of converting the library of congress cip data appearing in the book to catalog copy if the printed card has not been received, or subscribers to marc will be able to extract the bibliographic data from the marc tapes since cip books appear on marc four to six months before the books appear on the market. eventually, u.s. government documents will be included in cip. it is interesting to note that there are two cataloging in publication programs in existence today at the international level. brazil began its program acquisitions and cataloging i 135 in july 1971 and the national central library, taipei, taiwan, bega~ its project with four publishers in september 1971.6 at the time this study was conducted, automation programs for computerproduced catalog cards were at varying stages of planning and development at several libraries. these programs could be considered parallel or supplementary to the lc depository file. chicago was the only library with .an operational computer-based technical processing system, utilizing marc tapes and data from npacinon-marc lc cards, as well as materials cataloged originally in the roman alphabet for the computerproduced sets of catalog cards. toronto began its marc service in 1970; there was some question, however, as to whether this service would be continued, due to the relatively low level of use. when lc expands the data input of marc to include foreign titles from npac, this service would become more useful and economically attractive. -columbia was about to begin its computerbased cataloging system with the utilization of marc tapes. if appropriate funds could be obtained, stanford was ready to begin phase i of its on-line automated network system which would be the implementation of marc. berkeley (together with the san diego and santa cruz campuses) is planning a pilot project which would not only include the utilization of marc tapes, but would input data from npac i non-marc lc cards, as well as original cataloging. the key question is what the time and cost figures will be for computer-produced card sets as opposed to manually-produced sets. one of the important features of this pilot project is that it would provide input for the university of california book catalog supplement. as of early 1972, pennsylvania was expecting to gain access to the marc records stored in the ohio col136 i college & research libraries • march 1973 lege library center ( oclc) through an on-line, cathode-ray-tube computer terminal. beginning with the fiscal year 1972 npac funds were appropriated directly to the library of congress instead of being transferred from the department of health, education, and welfare under title 11-c of the higher education act of 1965. according to lc this direct appropriation helps to insure the continuity of npac. on the whole, _the library of congress has done a commendable job of operating a program of the magnitude and complexity of npac. the participating libraries, in the spirit of cooperation, should record meaningful facts and statistics, to be reported annually, which would give the library of congress the opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of the program. this in turn would give the library of congress the type of support it needs for budget justifications in order to continue the further expansion of such a significant program as npac. references 1. william s. dix, "centralized cataloging and university libraries-title ii, part c, of the higher education act of 1965," library trends 16:97-111 (july 1967). 2. national program for acquisitions and cataloging. progress report, no. 8 (april 1969). 3. technical services directors of large research libraries, service proposals for the library of congress (rev. feb. 1972) (unpublished) . 4. in 1968 yale began to revise its subject headings in order to conform to lc. the changeover took one and a half years and it is estimated that 30 percent of the headings were changed. the pz (fiction) class is not used by the majority of these libraries using the lc scheme because they prefer to classify the works falling within this class with the literature of the country. certain exceptions exist with the z (bibliography) class, as some libraries prefer to classify bibliographies with the subjects. 5. "international meeting of cataloguing experts, copenhagen, 1969," libri 20, no. 1, p. 105-32; dorothy anderson, "international standards in cataloguing," international library review 3:241-49 ( 1971). 6. library of congress, processing department, cip progress report no. 1 (jan. 1972); library of congress information bulletin 31, no. 7 (feb. 17, 1972), p. 74. t reviews.p65 166 college & research libraries march 2003 guage, beginning with a brief summary of the basics of u. s. copyright law and its implications for the profession. this is the most technical section of the book; however, it does an excellent job of describing the substance and nuances of these confusing sections of u.s. code, as well as the digital millennium copyright act, and a range of legal issues relating to technology, access, and potential legal changes with emerging technologies. in the section entitled �working with patrons,� the two chapters address the importance of protecting the privacy of patrons and the implications of the americans with disabilities act on library and electronic resources access. library security expert bruce shuman discusses levels of security and ways to ensure that those who work in and use public buildings enjoy a secure environment. although legal issues of immediate significance dominate this work, an important section deals with the somewhat more immutable subject of ethics and ethical behavior in the life of the information professional. one chapter limits its focus to ethics in the virtual realm of e-commerce, whereas a second places classical ethical norms of truth, justice, and freedom within the context of professional decision making on issues such as privacy, intellectual property, information quality, and information access. the third chapter in this thoughtful section deals specifically with putting professional ethics into practice. this book is written as a handbook to help information professionals under stand legal issues. it concludes with a section on drafting and implementing policies as well as a list of resources. it is important to note that no work can serve as a definitive guide to the shifting landscape of laws regulating museums, archives, and libraries, and none can substitute for an attorney�s legal advice. the most one can hope for in a book like libraries, museums, and archives is that it will offer a detailed overview of current playing field. this fine volume does that admirably.�gene hyde, lyon college. sauperl, alenka. subject determination during the cataloging process. lanham, md.; london: scarecrow, 2002. 173p. alk. paper, $47.50 (isbn 0810842890). lc 2001-57698. this reviewer, who finds it difficult to dislike any book, was disappointed by this one. based on the author �s doctoral dissertation (university of north carolina, 1999), the work reports on a study made to identify and examine the cognitive processes involved in the assignment of subject headings through a case study of catalogers. the thought processes that go into subject cataloging have received sparse attention, and the topic is deserving of scholarly exploration. this study makes a definite contribution to the quite limited body of literature. sauperl�s failure to explain certain aspects of her research methodology frequently cause the reader to become puzzled, however, if not frustrated. the printed text itself could have been improved by careful editing and some rewriting. the work is organized into seven chapters. an introduction discusses the purpose of the study and very briefly describes the research strategy. the second chapter reviews the treatment of subject determination as presented in cataloging and indexing textbooks and discusses the previous research concerned with subject analysis and indexing. the inclusion of indexing research strengthens the study and is to be applauded. the third chapter describes the research methodology. chapter four, �twelve personal approaches to subject cataloging,� presents the case studies. being ninety-five pages in length, it forms the core of the book. chapter five summarizes what was learned from the case studies. chapter six presents a model for subject analysis. chapter seven discusses the author �s findings in relation to earlier studies and the implication of those findings for cataloging education and cataloging in libraries. the section concerned with previous research has a fair amount of redundancy with chapter three. although repetition of this book reviews 167 nature is not uncommon in dissertations, less detail in one chapter or the other would have been preferable in the book. a bibliography and an index conclude the volume. sauperl�s case study participants were twelve experienced original catalogers from three academic libraries in the southeastern u.s. each institution had �more than a million volumes � several branch libraries and large central cataloging departments with several catalogers performing original cataloging. all the libraries used oclc.� each participant performed original cataloging for three books of his or her own selection. except for the first case study, however, participants only �describe cataloging of one of the three items.� the reason for imposing this limitation in a study, that by its very nature is already quite limited, is not stated. six catalogers were observed by sauperl, who used the �think-aloud method � to capture the cognitive process of the catalogers during their work.� the other six were interviewed. the respective methodologies are discussed, but the rationale for their dual employment is nowhere stated. sauperl does comment that the different methods had a substantial impact on the reports of the case studies. �while the observed catalogers actually cataloged books during the observation session, the interviewed catalogers only talked about their cataloging approach. this means the stories of the observed catalogers are much more detailed and based on evidence from the observation, whereas the stories of the interviewed catalogers are quite brief and skeletal.� interviewed participants were asked to describe some recent work they had cataloged, given the opportunity to explain their philosophy of cataloging, and so on. the interviews were structured inasmuch as individuals were asked to respond to and discuss, as they deemed appropriate, the relation of a number of factors to subject cataloging. each participant was presented with several factors that �were selected from the observation session of one or two catalogers in another library in the study.� participants were therefore not responding to a uniform set of factors, a circumstance that sauperl leaves unexplained. the responses given to the variables were interesting and informative. this reviewer believes the study would have been stronger had a comprehensive set of variables been developed and each participant in the three groups presented with the same identical factors to prompt discussion. there are several problems with the handling of the variables. given their importance to the interviews, sauperl�s failure to discuss them in a separately labeled section of the text must be faulted. she also must be faulted for explicitly stating the complete set of variables for just one interviewee group. no comparable sets are provided for interviewees in the other two groups. one learns the factors used to prompt discussion with these interviewees only in the text. variables or concepts presented to the first group included such expected elements as authority file, local catalog, title page, record for a previous edition, tentative heading and subject heading, as well as such factors as time and cost. participants in this group were not asked to comment on the importance of the author�s intention, skimming the work, and thinking of the library user as a part of the process when choosing subject headings, variables included as prompts to another group of interviewees. cooperation with colleagues and �saturation point � that feeling when you had to stop� working with a given book, were among the other variables. despite its shortcomings, this is not an unimportant work. scholars of subject cataloging will obviously be its primary audience. the study provides a base for future research and, given its moderate price, should be owned by any library and information science collection that supports serious scholarship. the book is worth consideration as supplementary reading for cataloging courses. catalogers should at least skim the work, especially those at entry level and mid-career. 168 college & research libraries march 2003 index to advertisers acrl 133 annual reviews 110 aiaa 99 archival products 162 biosis 100 choice 123 haworth press cover 2 library technologies 103 r.r. bowker cover 3 sciencedirect cover 4 by way of conclusion, it seemed only appropriate to check worldcat to look at the subject headings assigned to this work. a title search (done on august 9, 2002) retrieved five records, two for the book and three for the preceding dissertation. the record for the book in hand (oclc: 48588266) had two subjects: �subject cataloging� and �subject cataloging� united states�case studies.� a second record (oclc: 50100464), which had an identical bibliographic description except for pagination being noted 192 (versus 173 for the copy in hand), gave the single subject: �subject cataloging.� the record for the printed version of the dissertation (oclc: 42810541) had three subjects: �subject cataloging,� �subject headings,� and �catalogers�united states�attitudes.� the final records were for microform versions of the dissertation. the records for both the microfilm (oclc:44492710) and the microfiche (oclc: 44161585) gave the two identical headings: �subject cataloging� and �subject headings.� the subjects given all seem appropriate, even if they are not entirely consistent. this reviewer would suggest adding another subject heading to bring out the cognitive aspects of the study. but that�s just a thought.�james w. williams, university of illinois-urbana-champaign. warner, julian. information, knowledge, text. lanham, md.: scarecrow, 2001. 150p. alk. paper, $49.50 (isbn: 081083989x). lc: 00-067055. how did humans make their way from an oral tradition in homeric or pre-homeric times to the language of computer programs today? that is exactly the question that julian warner addresses in his 2001 book, information, knowledge, text. on the faculty of the school of management and economics, the queen�s university of belfast, warner may seem an unlikely candidate to find his way to a topic steeped in the academic study of information but, in fact, he has written extensively in this area. library literature and information science lists forty-two citations for his work, including many book reviews of related studies. his approach is thorough, academic, credible, and quite interesting. the bibliography at the back of the book is extensive and wide-ranging. the chapters have, as warner states in the preface, all �previously undergone editorial and � full peer review as either journal articles or conference presentations.� warner made appropriate revisions to the original articles to �avoid repetition and increase coherence.� he has looked well after his new readers, as the chapters do provide a coherent collection. regarding repetition, however, this reader could have done with fewer references to bacon�s famous statement, �writing [maketh] an exact man.� the book finishes with republished reviews written by warner of books that allow him to continue his exploration of the symbology and significance of writing. there is no index included at the back of this book, an omission this reviewer found unfortunate. taken individually, the chapters stand on their own. in the first chapter, �studying writing,� a careful analysis of roy harris�s the origin of writing (1986) and signs of writing (1995), warner begins to persuade the reader that the route from spoken to written communication was sure and inexorable. the chapters that follow build on exactly this argument. the semiotic approach to language and its relationship to signs throughout human history is persuasive, if not always easy. by the third chapter, �not the exact words�: writing, computing, and exactness,� warner has reviews.indd 482 college & research libraries september 2008 book—and certainly including the two examples of the university of pittsburgh and the university of arizona—is of a very large library connected to a large institution. very little, if anything, is said of libraries at smaller colleges going through structural transitions. they may face similar challenges as those larger libraries, but certainly smaller libraries have other challenges particular to them. since two of the authors are affi liated with one of the libraries described in detail, it makes perfect sense for them to focus on a situation that they know intimately. their broader study, however, would have benefited from input from academic librarians serving smaller populations. the final chapter, “positioning the academic library for a vibrant future,” is, unfortunately, mildly disappointing, for it leaves the impression that the final chapter was hastily assembled. while the authors do offer insight on how librarians can cope with the rapidly changing field of academic librarianship, their attempt at summarizing the book’s overarching argument is too abbreviated and leaves the reader wishing for a more cumulative summary. these weaker elements, however, should not obscure the incisive discussions that form the greater part of beyond survival. the unifying thread weaving through all of the chapters is the clear need for libraries to be user-focused and to seek out what their users need and want rather than assuming that the libraries and their staffs know what is best for their clientele. this user-focused philosophy, more than anything else, is the key element that causes the central arguments to adhere, and it’s the reason this book is worth reading. if users are changing, yet the library sees no need to do so, is the library effective in its mission to serve these users? all too oft en, libraries forget that they exist for a community of users and choose to prescribe services with little input form their patrons. the need to correct such thinking helps drive many of the transitions described in the book. so important is this issue that the authors dedicate chapter eight, “standing up to scrutiny,” to determining whether or not an academic library is successful in focusing on its users. despite the aforementioned weaknesses, the authors are largely successful in explaining the need for change in academic libraries and the ins and outs of how to go about such change. as time goes on, more and more academic libraries will find themselves facing decisions on how to go about changing with the times, and the mix of theory and practicality in beyond survival can serve as an important resource.—stephen pelton, the state university of new york at buffalo. understanding frbr: what it is, and how it will affect our retrieval tools. ed. arlene g. taylor. westport, conn.: libraries unlimited, 2007. 186p. alk. paper, $45 (isbn 9781591585091). lc 2007-13558. frbr, or functional requirements for bibliographic records, is a conceptual model created by the ifla (international federation of library institutes and associations) study group on the functional requirements for bibliographic records. the study group was formed in 1991, and frbr was first published in 1998. its purpose is to create a hierarchical structure of bibliographic records (as opposed to current cataloging practice, which uses a flat structure), via which the relationships between related titles will be clear to the user. the same ifla committee responsible for frbr later charged a subgroup to create a similar conceptual model for authority records (functional requirements for authority data, or frad; this subgroup was working on its fi nal draft as of this writing). in 2005, another ifla group, the working group on functional requirements of subject authority records (frsar) had begun to do the same for subject authority records, extending the frad model. understanding frbr consists of thirteen chapters, each written by experienced catalogers and specialists in their subfi elds. the first six chapters provide introductory and background material on frbr’s development; the last seven discuss the application of frbr to various classes of materials. the book is not intended to be an instructional text; rather, it is designed to provide an introduction to the conceptual model and to illustrate how it can facilitate improved access to resources via the clear delineation of the relationships between said resources. arlene taylor, the editor, has over 35 years of experience in cataloging and classification as a practitioner, a teacher, and a researcher and has published widely and extensively in the field of cataloging and bibliographic description, including a comprehensive introduction to cataloging and classification. the first six chapters clearly illustrate the concepts at the base of frbr. taylor’s introductory chapter discusses the means by which the card catalog provided for collocation of related works by one creator via filing rules and how this does not translate to online catalogs. frbr, she notes, can bring this organization and collocation to the online environment. taylor goes on to describe the frbr concept and its structure, the model of analysis on which it is based, and the user tasks that its implementation can facilitate. the subsequent five chapters discuss the structure of frad and its relation to frbr; frbr, and the history of cataloging (this chapter, by william denton, is a delightful and informative read that provides a broad perspective on the history of the organization of bibliographic information); the history of frbr research and its impact on the further development thereof; the concept of “bibliographic families” as groups of related works; and—the most direct area of professional concern—the incorporation of frbr concepts into the new cataloging code now being developed: rda (resource description and access). this last is especially important, as rda is slated to be released and implemented in 2009. the library of congress working group on the future of bibliographic control, in its final report, recombook reviews 483 mended that rda not be implemented until frbr is more fully understood and tested; however, it is yet unknown whether the library of congress will follow this recommendation. most libraries follow lc’s policy decisions; therefore, if rda is released for implementation at its scheduled date, not only the workfl ow of catalogers but the design of any ils and the public display of bibliographic information in the opac will be affected. as noted above, the remaining seven chapters address the application of frbr to nonprint and/or nonmonographic classes of materials. it is encouraging that the authors thereof do not shy away from criticism of the frbr model, either in general or as it specifically applies to classes of materials; this book is not a blanket acceptance of frbr but an honest assessment thereof. sherry vellucci, in the chapter on frbr and music, notes that frbr is “an important step to meeting the needs of this complexity [of the “musical bibliographical universe”] in a music catalog” and that “frbr is the first conceptual model to acknowledge the structural complexities that are such a large part of the music bibliographic universe.” several chapters, however, note the limitations of frbr as it applies to other areas of cataloging. alexander c. thurman notes that frbr would have to be a supplement to archival control as exhibited in finding aids or collectionlevel marc records, as frbr concepts cannot sufficiently represent the collection, which is the “central unit of archival organization.” steven c. shadle indicates that the structure of frbr is not easily adaptable for serials cataloging but that its introduction is an opportunity for serials cataloger to reexamine their practices. murtha baca and sherman clarke note that the frbr model would, in the cataloging of works of art, architecture, and material culture, chiefly be of use in determining groupings of resources in a more relational structure, although, due to the fact that these are actual objects 484 college & research libraries and not abstract items, there are better avenues for their cataloging. others are still more critical: mary lynette larsgaard not only notes that frbr, as it stands now and until ils vendors can incorporate frbr into their soft ware, will not work well for cartographic materials but begins her conclusion by stating “[w]hen frbr was issued, among the fi rst positive comments that i read were not just by noncatalogers but by nonlibrarians, which made for feelings of caution.” martha yee, an expert in the cataloging of moving-image materials, discusses not only the potential difficulties in the application of the frbr model to these materials but also those of the implementation of frbr and rda in general: “… we may be left with rules that are useful to no one and purchased by no one.” the book does end by noting that everyone concerned must be involved in the process, so that all varying opinions can be heard and considered. steven c. shadle, in his closing chapter on serials, notes: “i encourage everyone to get out there and kick the tires in whatever way possible!” understanding frbr is clearly written, well illustrated (many of the concepts are clarified by very helpful diagrams), and well indexed; additionally, chapters feature extensive bibliographies, many of which provide the urls to the ifla groups’ documents. while it may seem that this book is of interest only to catalogers, the application of frbr will change the structure of the catalog and the systems used to store and display it; therefore, it is an important text for systems librarians, reference librarians, and anybody else interested in the future of the organization and display of bibliographic information.—deborah degeorge, university of michigan. william h. sherman. used books: marking readers in renaissance england. philadelphia: university of pennsylvania press, 2008. 259p. (isbn 9780812240436). lc2008-271368. long in the making, this timely book, by a young american scholar now at the september 2008 university of york in the u.k., should be required reading for special collections librarians. its subject is one that has come to the fore in the history of reading: marginalia. while there have been several shelves’ worth of more focused studies on the reading practices of individuals and communities, few have attempted sherman’s mission: to survey the fi eld as a whole. sherman’s principal laboratory was the stacks of the huntington library, where he was given direct access to that institution’s formidable holdings of stc titles. (note to colleagues: good things can happen when we bend our access policies.) since cataloging typically does not disclose with any consistency the presence or absence of marginalia, sherman had to do so for himself, the old-fashioned way, one book at a time. needless to add, he handled a lot of books in the course of his project. if nothing else, sherman’s subject is a solid affirmation of the enduring value of the artifacts we steward. books are more than texts, sherman reminds us. the artifacts in our stacks are redolent of meaning and evidence that is only discernible through inspection. eebo and ecco, take note. so, what did he find? if sherman set out to provide a map of a new fi eld of study, what he learned was that there is no map, no grand narrative, no overarching theoretical perch. what he encountered in handling thousands of books were decidedly independent-minded readers responding to texts and using books in personal, opaque, and quirky ways. if we needed more proof that renaissance readers were not passive slaves to texts, here it is. sherman’s core finding—that about 20 percent of all the stc books he handled contained marginalia—is hard to evaluate in and of itself: is that a lot? a little? but that 20 percent does reveal the extent to which printed books were sites of engagement and activity, sometimes creative, sometime routine. here we find readers annotating texts, doodling, practicing penmanship, recording recipes and family information, customizing artifacts c&rl news march 2018 142 junli diao cataloging backlogs perennials, seaweeds, or others? the way i see it junli diao is assistant professor, head of cataloging and serials, at york college-cuny, email: jdiao@york.cuny.edu © 2018 junli diao cataloging backlogs are a perennial part of cataloging work, but they differ from library to library. in some libraries, cataloging backlogs are temporary imbalances between the fast growth of new acquisitions and shrinking of cataloging personnel and support. in other libraries, cataloging backlogs are simply those materials that go beyond the regular scope of bibliographical management. no matter the type of cataloging backlog, they are bulky, substantial, and visible. some might even use them as an advantage to contribute to their job security. however, when cataloging backlogs sneak into a library’s bibliographic system and build up there for years, they are not perennials any more. they become like seaweeds in the ocean: you know they are there, and you can even have a glance at their tips provocatively bouncing along with the waves; but if you really want to grasp them and dig out their roots, you will have to dive in deep. a metaphor is a metaphor, but it gives some sense of the real situation that i was facing when i started my substitute position as the head of cataloging at the york college library-city university of new york (cuny) in march 2016. at first, i was deeply impressed by how neat and well-organized the cataloging department was: newly arrived, shelf-ready books from coutts were resting on the shelves, awaiting processing; nice, shining book trucks were lined up next to boxes of toner supplies; well-preserved shelf-list files lined the hallway and those golden handles on the drawers glimmered when sunlight flicked through the blinds and illuminated the whole room. only occasionally could i hear the rhythm of therapeutic keystrokes from a keyboard break the tranquility. the profound serenity around me almost deceived my eyes, and my vision of work here nearly went astray. soon after i started cataloging music scores, i realized there were serious cataloging backlogs—not on the shelves or in boxes, but in the bibliographic database. a miscalculation in barcode printing a decade or more ago resulted in thousands of books carrying duplicate barcodes. some barcodes were overlaid by white labels as a simple remedy, resulting in the problem being covered up, but not fixed. some older books that had migrated from the old notis system had spine labels with call numbers, but did not have corresponding bibliographical records or barcodes in the system, which forced student workers at the circulation desk to generate brief records on the spot when users needed to check them out. what’s worse, there was no way for catalogers to trace when those books were returned to the library so that the brief records could be promptly updated. once shelved again, those books remain inactive and inaccessible to the public through the online catalog. system migrations, retrospective conversions, and personnel shortages could all be factors contributing to the creation and growth of backlogs. but is there any point for me to ask why they happened instead of how they should be solved? while stories of cataloging backlogs might be different, the solutions largely remain the same: employ more staff and/or change the workflow. so what’s next became simple, but not easy. kevin mailto:jdiao%40york.cuny.edu%20?subject= march 2018 143 c&rl news collins, systems librarian at the cuny central office of library services, generated a new list of 2,112 duplicate barcodes, and njoki kinyatti, chief librarian, assigned lesly previl, cuny office assistant, to specifically work with me on the cleanup. previl went to the stacks and pulled out books according to the list. i fixed item records and upgraded bibliographical records in the system. after resolving the duplicate barcodes, we gathered our strength to pick out those books without barcodes, which requires ongoing attention to every book on the shelves. backlogs are creatures of darkness and silhouettes of the amorphous. they thrive in the valley of ignorance and hesitation but vanish in the heights of exposing and trying. without dealing with all sorts of backlogs, my career as a cataloging librarian would not be complete. without working in this substitute position, i would not know what backlogs i myself had in the chambers of my heart. cuny librarians have held faculty status since 1946 and faculty ranks since 1965.1 at cuny, all faculty are evaluated in three areas: teaching, service, and scholarship. at york, all librarians participate in active reference and information literacy programs. thus, in addition to regular cataloging work, the cataloging librarian is required to undertake the responsibilities of providing reference services and teaching information literacy classes. with almost zero experience in these areas, i wasn’t sure whether i had ignored them in the past because i thought i couldn’t manage to do them, or if i could do them but failed to explore my potential. ever since i started my library school education, i fell into the trap of negative stereotypes about cataloging librarians: they are not “people persons,” and they can’t do good reference work or teach. apparently i wasn’t immune from these influences and, subconsciously, i inclined to fit myself within this “model.” in my first article, “passion of a young cataloger,” i even wrote cynically “i don’t want to spend my time sitting at the front desk and being asked ten times a day the same question, ‘where is the library’s washroom?’” when the york college library offered me a chance to make a difference, i took it and tried. more than half a year passed, and one day i received an email from a professor saying that my name would be added to the acknowledgments of her forthcoming book because i had helped her find the full citation information needed by the publisher—and at that moment, i realized i cleaned up some backlogs hiding in the corner of my heart. when i was stopped by a student on the stairs who told me how much he appreciated my information literacy class, which had helped him successfully complete his assignments, i realized i had already gotten away from the dark shadow that had attempted to hunt me down. defeating the backlogs in my heart is no different from fighting against cataloging backlogs: one relies on help from outside to change from within. what’s next is simple, but not easy. at york library, there are senior colleagues who do an excellent job in reference work and information literacy, for instance john drobnicki, di su, and scott sheidlower. i observed their work both at the reference desk and in the classroom. christina miller, head of reference, arranged for me to work at the reference desk with a partner until i felt comfortable with myself and confident in what i was doing. i explored these new territories and made adjustments. although i went through some turbulence and a little thunder, they were necessary and valuable assets leading me toward a magnificent view of a rainbow. the cleanup of backlogs in my work is just a regular task, but cleaning up backlogs in the chambers of my heart is a path of contemplation and reflection, which might possibly point to a new direction of understanding myself. if work is an extension of our minds and bodies, then taking care of backlogs in our work is actually an act of diagnosing the neglected areas of our souls. an intimate and daring action vis-à-vis backlogs offers us ways to explore our souls that are otherwise blocked by what we assume right and proper, and by who we are told we are and told what we can (and cannot) do. backlogs are the opportunities to make room for new possibilities to grow. possibility produces hope. hope calls for action. action will not let us down. note 1. john a. drobnicki, “cuny librarians and faculty status: past, present, and future,” urban library journal 20(1). reviews.indd book reviews baca, murtha, et al. cataloging cultural objects: a guide to describing cultural works and their images. chicago: american library association on behalf of the visual resources association, 2006. 396p. $75 (isbn 0838935648). lc 2006-13342. at my small library i am the only cataloging librarian. this means that i am responsible for cataloging materials in all formats. that having been said, though, the only realia i had ever cataloged was the shovel used to break the ground when our new building site was formally dedicated in 1973. therefore, when i was asked to write a review of this book, i wondered how i could make the review a practical assessment and not just a theoretical evaluation. then my supervisor presented me with a mold for a medal awarded in the field of archaeology. i jumped at the chance to use this guide to catalog the beautiful but unfamiliar object in my hand. however, i soon discovered the shortcomings, as well as the strengths, of the manual before me. cataloging cultural objects is a detailed and thorough manual that helps a cataloger, or noncataloger, deal with the attributes particular to cultural objects—from small pieces of realia, to buildings—from sections of a painting to digitized images of artworks. its scope includes all art and architecture but does not include natural history or scientific collections. the book is divided into three parts. the first part consists of theoretical considerations. topics covered include: the nature of a work versus an image; the concept of related works; and the importance of authority fi les and controlled vocabularies. the second part consists of a chapter on each element of the final metadata record. each chapter includes information about the metadata element, cataloging rules, and information on the presentation of the data. for example, for the element “object naming” (what a cataloger would call the title field) the book presents information about naming, cataloging rules, and information on how the object name should be displayed. at the end of each chapter, there are a number of extremely pertinent and useful examples. the third part deals with authority control. four different types of authorities are covered in separate chapters. they are personal/corporate names, geographic places, concepts (materials, form/genres, etc.), and subjects. for the task i had at hand, namely the cataloging of one piece of realia, the guide was helpful, but it was not what i had hoped it would be. this is because i do all of my cataloging following aacr2 (anglo-american cataloging rules, 2nd ed.) rules and in the marc (machinereadable cataloging) format. although the guide follows some aacr2 rules, it does not conform strictly to them. instead, it takes a relational approach, following many of the concepts presented in frbr (functional requirements for bibliographic records). this means that if you are cataloging just one object, you need to look at each element, match it up against the corresponding area in aacr2, and then map the information to the corresponding marc format. the guide was still helpful in bringing to my attention certain concepts and properties that are unique to cultural objects. for example, there was much information on how to measure and describe the object, as well as information on what kinds of notes were helpful to the community. the guide also provided me with lists of pertinent thesauri for each of the elements. however, i feel that the guide is most useful for the cataloging of an entire database of cultural objects, especially in a nontraditional (in other words, nonmarc) setting. the guide is extremely well presented and has a logical approach to 364 the subject. it can be used as a stand-alone manual to create a database of cultural objects. although it is not intended for system designers, it is so thorough and explains the issues of the relationships between, for example, a work and its creator, so well, that it can be used as the basis for designing a database of metadata about objects. it is especially useful for noncatalogers, in that it covers each element of a metadata record clearly and explains not only what should be present in the record, but why. the manual is not prescriptive. it allows the individual institution to decide at which level they need to catalog an item, but it offers clear guidelines on minimal cataloging requirements. it also seeks to establish a basic uniformity, especially in the use of thesauri, so that the exchange of information across institutions is made easier. finally, at the end of each chapter there are complete examples of cataloged cultural objects. the examples do not just include the element covered in the chapter, but instead include the entire record. this helps to put each element in context. likewise, the corresponding authority records are also included in the examples. again, these are very helpful in lett ing the cataloger understand and appreciate the concepts behind the metadata he or she is encoding. in summary, the book is helpful for the cataloger who is faced with cataloging one object, but it is not a manual based on aacr2/marc. so, unlike nancy b. olson’s cataloging of audiovisual materials and other special materials (1998), it is not going to relate every rule to aacr2 or present the examples in the marc format. however, that was not the authors’ intent. the intent of the guide is actually much broader, and the authors have come up with a guide that is extremely well thought out, forward-thinking, and very clearly presented. it is an enormous asset for any institution contemplating cataloging a set of cultural objects, especially if they do not have a metadata structure in place yet.—isabel del carmen quintana, harvard university. book reviews 365 libraries & culture: historical essays honoring the legacy of donald g. davis, jr. eds. cheryl knott malone, hermina g.b. anghelescu, and john mark tucker. washington, d.c.: library of congress center for the book, 2006. 294p. alk. paper, $25 (isbn 0844411558). lc 2006-18763. as a tribute to an admired and beloved person’s career, the festschrift lends a warm, personal touch to the chilly world of scholarly publishing. the individual contributions are heterogeneous, to be sure, but no more so than those in most other edited collections. libraries & culture: historical essays honoring the legacy of donald g. davis, jr., is a good example of the genre. originally published as a special issue of the journal libraries & culture (v. 40, no. 3, summer 2005), it is now being offered in book form by the center for the book at the library of congress. colleagues and former students offer personal reminiscences in glowing praise of davis’s activities as professor at the university of texas at austin, editor of libraries & culture, and leader in ifla, the library history round table, and the conference on faith and history. also included are a bibliography of davis’s works and an essay by john mark tucker, “fides et historia: christian sources for the professional contributions of donald g. davis, jr.” in this unusual piece, tucker attempts to interpret the intellectual and religious underpinnings of another person’s life, based on davis’s own extensive writings about his christian faith and the practice of librarianship as a life of service. davis’s lifelong interest in library history is the focus of the remainder of the collection, beginning with articles on library history and education research that assess the current state of the field. the pioneering contributions of davis’s generation of advocates for library history may be taken for granted today. but, as edward a. goedeken shows in his survey of literature reviews published in the journal of library history/libraries & culture from 1967 to 2002, the groundwork college and research libraries dissertations: a study of the scholar's approach joan m. repp and cliff glaviano four academic libraries in ohio participated in a study exploring how and why extramural researchers access locally produced dissertations. abstracts and indexes in hard copy were identified as the resources relied upon most heavily by all academic disciplines, with dissertation abstracts international and related university microfilms international products being named most often. researchers, regardless of discipline, were successful searching by subject more often than using any other form of access. dissertations were most frequently requested by those writing theses, dissertations, or research papers for publication. these findings may have implications for in-house cataloging of locally produced dissertations or for institutional participation in an indexing and abstracting program. he dissertation is a unique for, mat for scholarly information that is not available in its original form through established professional or commercial channels. though substantive information from the dissertation may subsequently appear in the scholarly literature as a journal article or book chapter, the original dissertation is deposited, virtually without exception, at the degree-granting institution. although an occasional dissertation is published in its entirety, more often this follows considerable editing of styl~ or content. since hard copy of the dissertation is not widely disseminated, access to the information it contains becomes a concern for the scholarly community. as library of congress priorities preclude cataloging of even depository copies of dissertations submitted for copyright, no lc cataloging for dissertations appears on the bibliographic utilities, and full responsibility for bibliographic control falls to the degree-granting institution. academic libraries necessarily must either negotiate with their parent institution, or themselves originate, all policies concerning preservation, circulation, availability, shelving and degree of bibliographic control for local dissertations. further, only the library and degree-granting institution determine the extent to which access to the dissertation is shared through an indexing service such as that provided by university microfilms international or through contributing cataloging copy to a bibliographic utility. implicit in accepting responsibility for bibliographic control of the dissertation is its indexing, so that it might be readily located when needed. presently most academic libraries provide full descriptive and subject cataloging for local dissertations and input such copy on oclc, rlin, or wln. since the dissertation format is developed by the university's graduate school, title pages are formulaic and descriptive cataloging can easily be done by a paraprofessional cataloger. subject analysis is an altogether different matter due to the timely, experimental nature of dissertation research. it is often both difficult and time-consuming for a professional cataloger to select lc subject headings (lcsh) appropriate to these in-depth, highly specialized studies. this problem of subject analysis is most often joan m. repp is chair, access services and cliff glaviano is principal cataloger, university libraries, bowling green state university, bowling green, ohio 43403. 148 j noted in science and technology though works in all disciplines potentially can deal with concepts for which lcsh terms are nonexistent at the time of cataloging. the problem of adequate classification and subject analysis is compounded by changing staffing patterns in cataloging departments. since cataloging has been automated, the number of original catalogers has decreased. 1 each cataloger is therefore responsible for a wider group of disciplines. this reduces the probability of high subject expertise in any one of them. coincident with the declining number of original catalogers, the number of dissertations produced has risen: doctoral degrees in the united states, for example, rose from 6,600 in 1950 to 32,700 in 1982.2 dissertation users users of dissertations can be divided into two groups: intramural scholars and extramural scholars. comparatively little is known about either group's behavior relative to seeking and using dissertations. informal observation from the reference desk suggests that intramural scholars writing their own theses and dissertations may use those already produced at their institution for reasons beyond obtaining scholarly information. in addition to checking bibliographies for references and determining the scope of an extant dissertation's coverage of a topic to avoid duplicating another's research, intramural scholars use local dissertations to determine a format acceptable to their institution, to evaluate research approaches that have been approved by particular dissertation committee chairs, and for other reasons not related to scholarly content. the in-house tools for locating a dissertation written at an institution significantly exceed those available to the extramural scholar, who may be assumed to be interested in the dissertation's content alone. while the extramural scholar can be expected to use standard indexes, abstracts, and databases, the intramural scholar, provided by his library with lcsh subject analysis and potentially, additional local access by adviser name, department/major, or other approach, dissertations 149 probably can ignore standard sources altogether for locating local dissertations. often libraries that do not provide full cataloging for dissertations aid the intramural scholar through separate in-house indexes or special shelving arrangements, amenities lost to the extramural scholar. should the library provide only minimal on-campus access to local dissertations, promoting the use of standard sources, the intramural scholar can still take advantage of maintaining close contact with others in his discipline, many of whom will have good knowledge of the dissertations produced in the discipline and available at the institution. it is reasonable to assume that information needs of the intramural and extramural scholar can differ in scope and emphasis and that the intramural scholar has resources in addition to standard sources for accessing local dissertations. standard tools of potential use to both groups have been enhanced considerably by technology. many institutions granting doctoral degrees participate in the dissertation abstracts international (dai) program, which generates indexes in both hard copy and online through commercial database services. broad subject access is available in dai and american doctoral dissertations (add) while lsch access is available for those cataloged dissertations in the portion of the oclc database available on brs. dai hard copy is indexed also by keyword from title and by author; add additionally by author and by institution. the database available on brs and dialog is compiled from both add and dai. in addition to searches available from the hard-copy indexes, search terms constructed from boolean combinations of keywords from title or the entire abstract can be used on brs and dialog to locate relevant dissertations. meanwhile, the technology for using the commercial databases is widely available to the scholar at the academic library: in 1980, all fortythree academic libraries responding to a survey indicated they had access to dialog for database searching.3 while answers to the basic questions of how a patron gains access to a local disser150 college & research libraries tation and how a patron uses its information can be assumed from observations by experienced reference librarians, no published research exists to affirm or deny these assumptions. costs associated with participating in the dai program and costs associated with original cataloging of locally produced materials should generate continuing interest in the question of how best to serve intramural and extramural scholars who seek dissertation information. clear reasons to modify cataloging procedures to include, for example, access by thesis adviser as suggested by george harris and robert huffman; reasons to support the cost of full cataloging of dissertations; and/or reasons to justify the expense of participating in a cooperative indexing program need to be determined. assessment of patron behavior in seeking and using dissertation information becomes necessary before institutional procedures can be modified or program participation evaluated. literature survey little has been published in the literature on the handling, cataloging, classification, and subject analysis of locally produced theses and dissertations. the literature concerning access is dated enough to preclude mention of the commercial databases, and institutional participation patterns have changed enough since the 1970s to make descriptions of the hard-copy indexes and their coverage quite. misleading. julie moore's article, "bibliographic control of american doctoral dissertatipns: a history,'' presents a brief historical summary of "national listings of dissertations which are a unique alternative to the control of published and unpublished dissertations in the united states and canada. " 4 the same topic, discussed from a slightly different perspective and with considerable perspicacity, may be found in donald davinson' s theses and dissertations as information sources. 5 the second part of moore's work, ''bibliographic control of doctoral dissertations: an analysis,'' focuses on a comparison of the usefulness and limitations of american doctoral dissertations and dissertation abstracts. she also found that only march 1987 2.1 percent of the dissertations she studied were published as books, an additional 1.4 percent could be identified as parts of a book, and that 15.2 percent were published as journal articles after heavy rewriting. 6 calvin boyer's work, the doctoral dissertation as an information source, itself originally a dissertation, assessed the extent to which dissertations in selected sciences produced between 1963 and 1967 served as information sources by studying citations and dissertation-based publications.7 kelly patterson and others, in "thesis handling in university libraries," reported the results of a survey of ninety universities granting doctoral degrees to determine local practice in ''binding, cataloging, classification, storage and checking of format practices" with the intent of recommending processing practices. 8 lois m. pauch' s "thesis/ dissertation processing and oclc'' details the impact of oclc on cataloging procedures for theses and dissertations at the university of illinois at urbanachampaign, speeding the process from three hours to one-half hour. 9 most recently, george harris and robert huffman completed a study of cataloging, classification, and subject analysis of locally produced dissertations. ''cataloging of theses: a survey'' summarizes their findings. in addition to surveying actual practices for dissertation cataloging in academic libraries, in effect what currently is done to serve the needs of intramural scholars and reference librarians, they found that without aacr2 rules specific to dissertations and the guidance of lc cataloging ''libraries are forced to improvise."10 · though the literature is informative regarding current practice in the local bibliographic control of dissertation information and its sharing on the bibliographic utilities, studies exploring the content of the various dissertation indexes, abstracts and databases, and the use of dissertation information within the scholarly community are so outdated as to be extremely misleading. purpose of the study the purpose of this study is to assist in the evaluation of current cataloging practices as applied to dissertations produced in-house at four academic libraries in ohio. the study is limited to exploring the behavior of the extramural scholar and attempts to identify user by type of institutional affiliation; purpose for which the dissertation was used; and what tools and approaches were successfully used in identifying and locating the dissertation. hypotheses 1. scholars access dissertations as an aid to writing dissertations . 2. due to the research orientation of the parent institution, more borrowing of dissertations is done through association of research libraries than other types of libraries. 3. as a generalization, the dissertations requested are newer by date than older but this behavior varies measurably between social scientists, hard scientists, and scholars in the humanities. 4. the major access is through dissertation abstracts international, its related precursors and products . 5. subject access is least often used to locate a relevant dissertation since subject control of dissertation information is very limited. assumptions 1. interlibrary loan usage is an accurate representation of extramural use. 2. the behavior of the extramural scholar differs significantly from that of the intramural scholar. 3. the dissertations of the participating institutions available through oclc, indexes, and databases accurately represent all of each institution's locally produced dissertations. methodology four academic libraries in ohio participated in this study: ohio state university, university of cincinnati, university of toledo, and bowling green state university. a census was taken of all dissertations borrowed through the interlibrary loan departments of the cooperating institutions for a period of one year. a questionnaire was mailed out with dissertations 151 each dissertation and a record was maintained in-house listing the borrowing institution, the subject of the dissertation as identified in the dissertation or by the department supervising the dissertation, discipline of the dissertation, and date on the title page. the borrower was requested to return the completed questionnaire with the dissertation. there was no ·follow-up. the data gathering covered a twelve-month period from july 1, 1983, to june 30, 1984. characteristics of the-institutions selected the four institutions selected represented a mix of academic programs leading to the doctorate and represented medium-sized and large universities. the institutions shared the following characteristics. all four 1. fully cataloged their dissertations according to national standards; 2. entered their cataloging record in a national bibliographic database, in this case, oclc; 3. participated in the dissertation abstracts international program; 4. permitted dissertations to circulate through interlibrary loan (ill). there are some variations among the institutions in the following areas: 1. each began entering records in oclc at different times (earliest, 1972; most recent, 1978). 2. participation in dissertation abstracts international varied from institution to institution (earliest, 1954; most recent, 1973) and by discipline within institutions. 3. one institution limited loans of dissertations produced after 1954 to reciprocating institutions only, since these dissertations are available through university microfilms international. 4. charging practices for ill varied widely and in<;:luded no charge, postage only, $4.50 flat rate, or reciprocal charging. 5. two institutions would not lend dissertations to high school libraries . there wen. no other restrictions on lending. results in all, 542 questionnaires were sent out with the dissertations as they were circu152 college & research libraries lated through ill. of these, 269 were returned for an overall return rate of 49.6%. the percentage base of several subpopulations was high enough to be reliable. results were treated with spss statistical package. table 1 summarizes the number of questionnaires sent and returned by institution. the borrowing institutions were categorized as holding membership in the association of research libraries (bowker annual, 1982); non-arl university libraries; college libraries; other institutions of higher education including junior and community colleges, technical and trade schools; public libraries; governmental corporate libraries; business corporate libraries; other corporate libraries including museum and hospital libraries; and high school libraries. institutions of higher education accounted for 93.2% of the loans, corporate libraries 5.1%, and public libraries 2.2%. one dissertation was loaned to a high school library. as can be seen in table 2, the most frequent borrowers were arl member libraries. the number and percentage of dissertations borrowed by discipline is reflected in table 3. of the dissertations borrow~d, the highest number, 235 (43.4%), were bormarch 1987 rowed in academic disciplines from the social sciences. of the social science loans, 176 (75%) dealt with education, excluding educational psychology. the results were highly institution dependent. no attempt was made to relate program offerings and number of degrees granted in each discipline to the observed frequency of borrowing of the discipline. table 4 compares the vintage and discipline of the dissertations borrowed. the currency of the dissertations borrowed ranged widely from 1906 through 1983, and some variation among the disciplines relative to the recency of dissertations borrowed is apparent. the data support the assumption that recently produced dissertations are more heavily used than those written earlier. figures produced at the same rate for the remainder of the 1980s would result in an n of 395 borrowings for the decade. the figures of table 4 must be interpreted with some caution, however, since a number of pertinent factors are unknown, including the number of dissertations produced by the cooperating institutions in each discipline for each time period. certainly the trend would be upward for total numbers produced at the four institutions, though program empha_sis would result in skewtable 1 responses by institution university of toledo bowling green state university university of cincinnati ohio state university total *total less than 100% due to rounding. number sent 49 84 121 288 542 number returned 31 61 59 118 269 table2 %returned 63 73 49 41 n/m borrowers by type of institution type of institution member of arl other university college (4 year) other institution of higher education corporate libraries other total *total less than 100% due to rounding. number loaned 291 181 20 12 28 9 541 %of total returned 11.5 22.7 21.9 43.8 99.9* %of total 53.7 33.4 3.7 2.2 5.1 1.7 99.8* dissertations 153 table3 borrowing by discipline discipline of dissertation social science applied science/technology languages/literature history business arts pure sciences philosophy health sciences religion total *total less than 100% due to rounding. number 235 98 65 40 38 26 24 10 4 1 541 percent 43.4 18.1 12.0 7.4 7.0 4.8 4.4 1.8 .7 .2 99.8* table4 number of dissertations borrowed by discipline/date discipline 1906-49 applied science/technology 3 arts 1 business 2 history 10 languages/literature 3 health sciences 0 philosophy 1 pure sctences 5 religion 0 social sciences 9 total 34 ing of figures for popular courses of study and possibly a decline in number of dissertations produced in less popular disciplines over time. another factor difficult to assess accurately from the data is the influence of indexes on the findings. indexes and abstracts, most particularly dissertation abstracts international (including its precursors and related products) are the tools most heavily relied upon by extramural scholars, yet these tools are neither as comprehensive nor as complete as one would wish. scholars were asked to identify the purpose for which the dissertation would be used, or, in other words, to identify the anticipated end product of their research. of extramural users, 57% indicated use in relation to the borrower's own dissertation or thesis; 30%, use for an academic paper or publishable research project other than a thesis or dissertation; 8.3%, use in solving a research problem for 1950-59 1960-69 1970-79 1980-83 total 4 5 2 3 3 0 1 3 0 10 31 10 55 26 98 4 9 7 26 2 16 15 37 2 21 4 40 8 39 12 65 0 3 1 4 2 2 4 10 3 9 4 24 1 0 0 1 17 115 84 235 49 269 157 540 which publication was not anticipated; while other uses accounted for the remaining 4.7%. respondents indicated that 90% of their anticipated products would be associated with an institution of higher education, the remaining 10% in government or business and industry. overall, scholars indicated that they were borrowing a dissertation in the same academic discipline as their work in progress 69% of the time. borrowers from social sciences, history, and languages/literature borrowed dissertations in their academic discipline at a rate of 80% or greater. in addition to indicating the purpose for which the dissertation was being requested, the borrowers were asked to name the tools they had used to identify and locate the dissertation, as well as their approach to the particular tools. table 5 reflects the resource used by type of borrowing institution. resources borrowers used most often in locating dis154 college & research libraries march 1987 tables general category of resource used by type of borrowing institution arl otheruniv. resource n % n % index/ abstract 80 57.8 38 44.2 journal, book, newsletter 21 15.1 16 18.6 automated database 31 22.3 29 33.7 word of mouth 7 5.0 3 3.5 total 139 100 86 100 sertation information were printed indexes and abstracts followed by automated databases. as a group, non-arl university libraries show the highest rate of database searches at 33.7%. the remaining non-arl institutions searched automated databases at rate of 27.8%. though both categories of institutions exceeded the rate of database searching in arl libraries (22.3%), the variation from chance distribution was not significant using a chi-square test. the scholar's approach to finding dissertation information appears to depend in part on the academic discipline of the borrower. the categories of resources used by those scholars identifying their disciplines as applied science/technology, languages/literature, the arts, or the social sciences are tabulated in table 6. these disciplines accounted for 80% of the total responses and the remainder appeared too scattered to yield meaningful results. borrowers in these categories relied more heavily on printed indexes and abstracts than on any other form of access surveyed. other printed sources, such as newsletters, books, and journal articles type of institution oilier :igher~. ncorpor~e other total n % n % 7 6 5 0 18 38.9 3 18.8 1 25 129 49.0 33.3 8 50.0 2 50.8 53 20.2 27.8 3 18.7 0 0 68 25.9 0 2 12.5 1 25 13 4.9 100 16 100 4 100 263 100 were identified as chief finding tools ranging from a rate of 32% for applied science/ technology to a low of 8.6% for social sciences of the total number of responses in the respective discipline. social sciet:ttists indicated using automated databases at a rate second only to their use of indexes and abstracts, while other disciplines mentioned database use at a much lower rate. in fact, scholars from the arts identified word-of-mouth sources more often than automated databases, but not at a rate that the chi-square test showed as significant. a chi-square test of table 6 data indicated variations significant at the .os level in the source choices of borrowers from applied science/technology and the social sciences, the former group relying on nonindex printed sources more heavily than could be expected, and the latter on using automated databases. the significant and near-significant (arts use of word of mouth) results clearly indicate disciplinespecific influences on borrowers' use of sources. though no data were gathered, the influences may include the availability of specialized indexes in certain discitable6 general category of resource used by selected discipline applied discipline science/ languages/ social technology arts literature sciences total resource n % n % n % n % n % index/ abstract 22 44.0 14 60.9 21 65.6 53 51.0 110 52.6 journal, book, newsletter 16 32.0 1 4.3 6 18.8 9 8.6 32 15.3 automated database 9 18.0 3 13.0 5 15.6 40 38.5 57 27.3 word of mouth 3 6.0 5 21.8 0 0.0 2 1.9 10 4.8 total 50 100 23 100 32 100 104 100 209 100 plines or that scholars in certain disciplines are more sophisticated in using automated databases either specific or germane to their area of study. certainly the quality and availability of databases in a discipline influence the scholar's willingness to search them, while both the nature of the discipline and the nature of dissertation information probably influenced all search behaviors. for example, the need for timeliness in applied science/ technology may induce its scholars to use the discipline's journal/newsletter network more diligently than scholars use similar resources in other fields. further speculation suggests that the experimental nature of dissertation research may · lead to dissertations being cited more often in the literature of applied science/ technology, thus making printed sources more valuable to the discipline. similarly, the performance nature of some music and fine-arts dissertations may result in deficient or nonexistent abstracts and perhaps a higher incidence of nondescriptive titles, leading borrowers from the arts to rely more heavily on word of mouth as an appropriate approach to such information. a closer examination of three or four broad categories of searching resources (the number of word-of-mouth responses being quite low) is of some interest. of total responses, the chief source of information was designated as ''index/ abstract'' 135 times. of this number, dissertation abstracts international and comprehensive dissertation index accounted for 99 and 21 responses respectively, or 89% of all indexes and abstracts used. while specialized indexes and abstracts accounted for the remaining 11% reported, the only other titles reported more than once were mla annual bibliography, music index, and agricultural education, each cited twice. borrowers reporting use of nonindex print sources to locate dissertations found information in subject bibliographies 30% of the time. professional newsletters accounted for 28%, separately published monographs 27%, and journals 15% of the print sources. of all responses, only 22% indicated dissertations 155 finding dissertation information by database searching, a lower rate than the 27.3% indicated for the selected disciplines of table 6. some 86% did not search the database themselves but had searches performed by third parties. all those who did their own searches were from nonarl university libraries. borrowers from the social sciences performed 70.2% of all database searches, their 40 searches accounting for 38.5% of all searches in the social sciences. responses to questions relating to use of specific databases and search terms used did not yield useful results. the majority of respondents either did not know the name of the database searched for them by an intermediary or supplied the acronym of the local inhouse database. though several indicated they had accessed dissertation abstracts online, there were no clear trends or implications for using it or any other database named. terms used to access dissertations scholars were asked to indicate the term by which they located the material borrowed regardless of the tools they used for access. in examining the responses it becomes apparent that some confusion existed concerning the differences among subject, academic discipline, and search term used to access the dissertation. responses received indicated successful searching by subject 53.1 %, by search term 8.9%, by browsing 5.4%, by academic discipline 4.3%, and by other means .8% of the time. although search term was intended to convey the concept of nonauthor, -title, or -subject searching, such as searching by keyword from title, perhaps combined with subject and/or discipline phrases or dates using boolean logical operators; it is unclear whether extramural scholars responding made much distinction between subject, search term, or academic discipline in categorizing the terminology by which they located dissertations. as large numbers of respondents (44.6% of overall returns) list dai or cdi as their chief source of information, it becomes necessary to investigate the termi156 college & research libraries nology used in these indexes. in both, groups are arranged by broad subject terms equivalent or nearly equivalent to academic disciplines (e.g., agriculture; biology; chemistry, organic; ecology; microbiology, etc.), which are then subarranged by keyword from title of the dissertation that often appears to be the subject of the work. in fact, prefatory material in cdi calls such a keyword from title the ''subject keyword.'' conclusions based on the initial hypotheses, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. most extramural scholars use dissertation information to produce other schol.rrly and theoretical works such as dissertations, theses, or research papers, rather than applied works. as some dissertations are published later in whole or in part, it cannot be assumed that dissertations have only theoretical rather than practical applications, however. 2. though research libraries as identified by arl membership borrowed the majority of all dissertations loaned during the project, other university libraries also accounted for a substantial number of loans. 3. overall, more recent dissertations were requested than older works, and, although there were variations among the disciplines, the data will not support discipline-specific trends concerning the need for timely dissertation materials. closer examination of the history of the granting of u.s. doctoral degrees leads to the realization that since 1920 more than half were granted from 1971 to 1983. it may be premature to speculate as to whether scholars actually consider the recency of dissertation information as they choose a search tool or whether any discipline can establish a preference for recent dissertation material given the extremely skewed distribution of dissertations produced. 4. access was achieved more often through indexes and abstracts than any other source, in fact, more than all other sources combined. dissertation abstracts and its related products were the most heavily used tools within the category demarch 1987 spite limitations such as their lack of completeness in certain institutional holdings, and employment of broad, authorassigned subject categories. 5. extramural scholars most commonly approach dissertation information by subject. it is somewhat perplexing to realize that most scholars found their information by using subject terms that mimic the names of academic disciplines and that are often less descriptive than keywords from the dissertation's title. discussion and summary though it is clear that the majority of extramural scholars employ dissertation information in formulating theses, dissertations, or academic research projects, there is no obvious indication of how such information is employed. specifically, there is considerable difference between the borrower's use of a dissertation in ensuring that a project will not duplicate earlier work and use of dissertation data/results/ arguments for comparison or contrast with the borrower's own ideas. presumably, the majority of extramural scholars use dissertation information for comparison or contrast since these borrowers will have read the abstracts of relevant dissertations before requesting them on ill, borrowing dissertations most similar to their own research in relatively rare instances in order to determine that a particular aspect of the topic has been fully exhausted. even though access to dissertations is self-selected by the degree-granting institution through the amount of cataloging input in the utilities and the extent of participation in indexing services, there is an . audience for dissertation information outside research and university libraries. although access is limited by indexing services promoted and designed to serve higher education and cataloging data shared chiefly with other academic institutions, a portion of that ciludience still seeks dissertation information. to follow another line of thought, assume that dissertations per se are of interest only to other scholars writing their dissertations and that the process is an ,. + ~·. exercise in "how to do" research. this position has been supported by bernard berelson' s research in which graduate faculty were asked whether the dissertation was an original contribution to knowledge or an exercise in research training. more than 50% responded that it is primarily research training; only 15% responded that it is ~rimarily a contribution to knowledge. 1 assuming that authors of dissertations containing significant contributions to human knowledge will disseminate this information in another form, such as a monograph or as a journal article, perhaps the dissertation needs no wider dissemination than it has at present, and needs only minimal bibliographic control. nevertheless, some bibliographic control, including only access by author, title, and institution, would be necessary for those dissertations produced as exercises in research and for those cases in which authors may not realize the potential impact of their research. indications are that if dissertation content remains of value due to unique qualities of dissertation research and its rigorous methodology (something davinson and boyer both commented on in their works), then libraries might expect more interest in the dissertation from outside academia, especially as database searching becomes increasingly available to business. trends in higher education would also indicate potential increased use of dissertations outside academia as the number of ph.d.'s working outside higher education increases. though the survey was unable to gauge changes in use patterns by categories of borrowers and only surveyed use by ill of the four libraries' collections, there is some feeling of increased use outside academia, especially since so many dissertations are available at reasonable prices through university microfilms international (umi). umi products have a tremendous influence on the availability of dissertation access and consequently on all those seeking dissertation information. dissertation abstracts international (dai), comprehensive dissertation index (cdi), and ameridissertations 157 can doctoral dissertations (add) appear to be the most comprehensive hard-copy tools available to extramural scholars. the popularity of dai and cal over specialized indexes in the survey certainly invites speculation that extramural scholars prefer comprehensive coverage to the more focused approach offered in the specialized indexes. unfortunately, the umi indexes, hence the database, are incomplete. of potential significance, participation in the umi indexing programs may lead to decisions against the ill loaning of dissertations by participants who may suggest that prospective borrowers obtain such materials from umi. considering such possible restriction on ill borrowing, it may be necessary for future investigations into the use of dissertation information to consider umi order files as more indicative of demand for and use of dissertations than ill borrowing. if, in the future, relatively few academic libraries allow unrestricted borrowing of dissertations included in the dai program, umi may be the only good source of information on scholarly demand for dissertations. though the responsibility for providing subject access, as with providing for dissertation bibliographic control, falls to libraries at the degree-granting institutions, these libraries may be well advised to examine policies that prescribe lcsh subject analysis for dissertation cataloging, especially if they participate in the dai program. though it may seem an abdication of responsibility to leave subject analysis to commercial indexers or dissertation authors, applying subject analysis at the time of cataloging is of extremely limited value to the extramural scholar. it does not appear certain that including subject access with dissertation cataloging input on the utilities is of sufficient merit to justify its expense relative to its availability. since only a portion of oclc is available on brs, only a sampling of lcsh access is available to dissertations nationwide. the chief benefit of including subject analysis at time of cataloging is still to the intramural scholar, arguably a good investment in providing service to local clientele through manual or online public . 158 college & research libraries catalogs, even though these same researchers would be expected to behave much as the survey respondents when extending their inquiries to the external scholarly community. as subject access to the oclc database expands under a configuration expected to be in place by 1988, there may be greater reason for providing subject analysis in input cataloging for locally produced materials. on the other hand, as more searching hardware and software, more subject databases and offline databases on cdrom become available to potential end users, researchers may begin to make less use of the subject approach to dissertation information and make better use of the capabilities of keyword searching whether in the umi database or a discipline specific database. because the literature amply supports the superiority of boolean combinations of keyword search terms over the use of standardized subject headings in the context of the online environment, the question of whether or not to continue subject analysis in cataloging these materials, for potential use by other members of a bibliographic utility or potential use in the academic library public catalog, may yet be moot. suggestions for further research it should be apparent from the discussion of this study that there are many topics related to, or concerned with, the location and use of dissertation information march 1987 that are worthy of further study. among the greatest needs: 1. further in-depth study of the manifestations of dissertation information, dissertations and their derivations, in the scholarly community. existing studies are quite dated, and even narrow, disciplinespecific treatment on use would be very helpful. 2. a closer exploration of the relationship, if any, between particular disciplines and the recency of dissertation information. this could take dissertation-derived manifestations into account. 3. examiflation of whether or not the use of dissertation information is increasing outside academia. 4. a study of how anticipated use of dissertation information might influence the choice of tools or choice of search term in locating relevant information. 5. exploration of the relationship between the choice of search tools and a discipline: determining which factors contribute to furthering effective research methods concerning dissertation information; discovering which methods of training and promotion might be furthered by library involvement. 6. full study of the content and coverage of various general dissertatirm indexes with the intent of determining their reliability in providing full availability of dissertation information to respective disciplines, perhaps with the aim of conveying any discovered gaps to the scholarly community and suggesting more comprehensive resources available beyond a given hard-copy index. references and notes 1. peter spyers-duran, "the effects of automation on organizational change, staffing, and human relations in catalog departments" in requiem for the card catalog ed. daniel gore, joseph kimbrough and peter spyers-duran (westport, conn.: greenwood, 1979), p.36. 2. u.s. bureau of the census, statisticalabstractafthe united states (washington: u.s. govt. pr. off., 1985), p.157. 3. connie lamb, "searching in academia" online 5:80 (apr. 1981). 4. julie moore, "bibliographic control of american doctoral dissertations: a history," special libraries 63:227-30 (may/june 1972). 5. donald davinson, theses and dissertations as information sources (hamden, conn.: linnet, 1977), p.44-47. dissertations 159 6. julie moore, "bibliographic control of american doctoral dissertations: an analysis," special libraries 63:289 ouly 1972). 7. calvin james boyer, the doctoral dissertation as an information source: a study of scientific information flow (metuchen, n.j.: scarecrow, 1973), p.23. 8. kelly patterson, carol white, and martha whittacker, "thesis handling in university libraries," library resources & technical seroices 21:274-85 (summer 1977). 9. lois m. pausch, ''thesis/dissertation processing and oclc, '' research libraries in oclc: a quarterly 4:1-4 (oct. 1981). 10. george harris and robert huffman, "cataloging of theses: a survey," cataloging and classification quarterly 5:no.4:1 (summer 1985). 11. bernard berelson, graduate education in the united states (new york: mcgraw-hill, 1960}, p.174. college and research libraries the changing nature of jobs: a paraprofessional time series carol p. johnson this study attempts to determine if paraprofessional jobs have changed significantly as a result of automation during the period between 1975 and 1990. three raters reviewed job descriptions dated 1975, 1981, and 1990 from the technical services department of a small academic library using the position analysis questionnaire, a widely used structured job analysis tool. analysis of the resulting data-standard z scores on thirteen overall job dimensions using anova and omega-squared estimates-indicates no statistically significant differences among the jobs. although these results show that the change in jobs over time is more idiosyncratic than expected, they may also illustrate the de-skilling effect of computers on library functions. d n 1984,alan veanernoted that "once a technology is applied to carry out very complex, routine mental work, that work is driven downward in the work hierarchy .... the change has provided magnificent professional enrichment opportunities for librarians and has similarly enriched the jobs of support staff." 1 this insight raises an interesting question. with the downward shift in tasks from librarians to paraprofessionals, is there evidence of a corresponding upgrade in the parapro-fessional's responsibilities? have paraprofessional jobs changed significantly as a result of automation? much has been written in recent years about the working conditions and responsibilities of paraprofessionals by authors such as charlotte mugnier, larry r. oberg, and cathleen c. palmini. 24 other researchers, among them darla rushing and ann prentice, concentrated on the impact of automation on the library organization and specific departments. 5· 6 scholars such as harry braverman and shoshana zuboff have written about the complicated effects of automation on the workplace from deskilling to the difficulties of managing computer-mediated work. 7· 8 specific research by suzanne iacono and rob kling indicates that technology neither automatically degrades nor improves a job.9 the differences are because of the ways in which work is organized rather than because of the technology. a search of library literature does not indicate any studies examining library paraprofessional jobs over time to determine what changes, if any, have taken place as a result of technology. this study uses the position analysis questionnaire (paq), a widely used structured job analysis tool, to examine, carol p. johnson is director of libraries and audiovisual services at the college of st. catherine library, st . paul, minnesota. 59 60 college & research libraries on a micro level, the job descriptions of three paraprofessional jobs in an academic library technical services department at a small, private liberal arts college. dated 1975, 1981, and 1990, the job descriptions are examined to determine what, if any, changes occurred as a result of automation and to see if there are statistically significant differences among the jobs over time. to some extent, these three jobs do reflect both a job progression over time and changing responsibilities because of automation. structured job analysis tools differ from the job evaluation systems used to determine organizational compensation. research into statistical methods to analyze job data for the purposes of determining job similarities and differences began in the late 1970s and 1980s for equal employment opportunity commission purposes. according to roberts' dictionary of industrial relations, "job analysis is the systematic investigation or study of a job or position to determine the responsibilities, duties and qualifications required to perform the job." job evaluation is the "process of determining the classification, rating or value of an individual job in relation to the other jobs in an organization." 10 job analysis, often an informal process, provides the data for job evaluation, and typically, job evaluation systems reflect the values and politics of the local organization. this study attempts to study the jobs in question using a methodology that is not affected by local values and politics. there are a number of more formal job analysis methods available for organizations to use. among these are functional job analysis, the job-element approach, the paq, critical incidents methodology, and task inventories. however, this study required a job analysis tool that produces quantitative data for comparison and limjanuary 1996 its potential rater bias. the tool chosen was the paq, which rates jobs quantitatively on 187 elements of work activity and the work environment. the instrument is based on the concept that human work can be analyzed "in terms of meaningful 'units' or job elements of a workeroriented nature." 11 the designers assumed that there was a commonality across jobs resulting from the workers doing similar things and not as a result of the technology used or the product produced.12 the paq's present form evolved over several decades from its earliest form, the checklist of work activities, developed in 1958 by ernest j. mccormick and g. j. palmer. in its present form, job raters respond to each of the 187 questions using likert-format scales. these questions are organized into six divisions: (1) information input; (2) mental processes; (3) work output; (4) relationships with other persons; (5) job context; and (6) other job characteristics. results are provided for each of these categories, plus thirteen overall dimensions. overall dimensions include: (1) decision, communication, and general responsibilities; (2) machine/ equipment operation; (3) clerical activities; (4) technical activities; (5) service activities; (6) work schedule; (7) routine or repetitive activities; (8) work environment; (9) physical activities; (10) supervision; (11) public contacts; (12) hazardous environment; and (13) flexible schedule/ optional apparel. each division includes elements that tend to occur in combination on the job. the rater-scored sheets are analyzed by computer, and standard z scores are provided for each job i rater for each of the six divisions plus the overall dimensions. 13 research into statistical methods to analyze job data for the purposes of determining job similarities and differences began in the late 1970s and 1980s for equal employment opportunity commission purposes. these articles focused on the type of job analysis tool used to describe the job (task oriented, worker oriented, or abilities oriented) and the statistical techniques employed to analyze the data. 14 in a 1977 article, richard d. arvey and kevin m. mossholder proposed the use of analysis of variance (anova) combined with the omega-squared estimate to compare jobs and determine similarities for validity generalization purposes. 15 in a later study, arvey and fellow researchers found that given a reasonable sample size, the anova model was an effective design in detecting true differences among jobs, but the omega-squared estimates were more useful in determining job differences even across small sample sizes. they determined that a reasonable rule of thumb would be that "values near .30 indicate major job differences among jobs and values less than .15 indicate considerable job similarities."16 in an unpublished 1984 study, arvey and fellow researchers hypothesized that one way to measure changes in jobs over time was to measure job description information over time using the thirteen overall dimension z scores generated by the paqy this article reports the findings of a statistical analysis of the paq results from these three positions using the anova and omega-squared estimates. methodology the authors derived the information for the analysis from job descriptions dated 1975, 1981, and 1990. the three jobs reflect three paraprofessional library jobs in the cataloging department of a small, academic library. ]obi in 1975, one position that could be described as paraprofessional existed in the cataloging department of the library. master's-levellibrarians and clerks filled other positions. the position assisted the cataloging librarian in maintaining the public catalog and technical services-spethe changing nature of jobs 61 cific files, supervising and training student employees in filing cards in the main catalog, and searching for available copy cataloging using print tools. a high school education was required, and supervisory and typing skills were useful. the training curve was estimated at six months. ]ob2 by 1981, the number of paraprofessional positions increased and two levels existed. computerized cataloging via oclc began in 1976. the paraprofessional in this job (level 2) located, reviewed, and modified cataloging copy in the oclc database using the computer terminal. a second responsibility involved maintenance of the shelf list. two years of college-level study, one year of experience as a library technician, computer training, and typing skills were necessary. ]ob3 by 1990, computers had replaced catalog cards, and database record maintenance and editing had replaced card filing. the main responsibility of the position involved database coordination, supervision of catalog entries, and media cataloging. the job now required two years of experience as a library technical assistant, level 1. based on the changes in selection requirements and the tasks performed, the author expected that the anova model would find significant statistical differences among the jobs and reasonable omega-squared values for the job x dimension effects. three raters reviewed each job description (nine in all) to prevent biased results. they used the job analysis manual for the position analysis questionnaire. the raters, who were not experienced job analysts, consisted of one degreed librarian familiar with the job at the time in question; one degreed librarian who occupied a similar position in another library of the same size; and a third 62 college & research libraries table i job evaluation points for each job and rater job 1 (1975) job 2 (1981) job 3 (1990) rater 1 rater 2 rater 3 503 688 673 667 657 613 771 640 685 library staff person familiar with the job (librarian or incumbent). the results were submitted to paq services, inc., in utah for analysis. the paq results were then run on spss using the anova model. the anova model is used to detect significant differences among jobs. for the an ova model, the dimension scores are considered a within-job factor, the jobs, and a betweenjob factor with raters nested between jobs. a significant f-value for the between-job factor indicates that there are statistical differences between the jobs. january 1996 a significant f-value for the job x dimension interaction would indicate that the profiles of the jobs are significantly different; that is, the job dimensions differ across the jobs. the omega-squared estimate is calculated when the f-values indicate significant differences among jobs to determine the proportion of variance of the job dimensions (job similarities) and the proportion of variance because of job x dimension (job differences). results paq-derived job evaluation points (mean) (see table 1) for the three jobs were: job 1 (1975), 621; job 2 (1981), 645; and job 3 (1990), 698 (see the time series chart in figure 1 and table 2 for the job profiles and z scores on the thirteen overall dimensions) . for each job and rater, the paq provided z scores for the six divisions-information output, mental processes, work output, relationships with other persons, job context, and other job figure 1 time series job comparison on paq library technician series 15..--------------------------------, 10 .5 0.0 -05 -10 -15 c vl io u qj qj 0 w u ·c: u 3 ·u; c iii .c > u ·u £. u m qj qj u g ~ .c (/) 0 iu u ~ (/) dim qj > u .~ c ~ s w 0 vl >.c a: .c a_ a_ > .~ m :0 a. :::j :::j a_ (/) u ·a. >-c 0 z job one job two job three the changing nature of jobs 63 table2 z scores on overall dimensions for jobs 1-3, mean scores dimensions 1. having decision, communication, and general responsibilities 2. operating machines and/ or equipment 3. performing clerical and/ or related activities 4. performing technical and/ or related activities 5. performing service and/ or related activities 6. other work schedules vs. working regular day schedules 7. performing routing and/ or repetitive activities 8. being aware of work environment 9. engaging in physical activities 10. supervising/ directing/ estimating 11. public and/ or customer and/ or related contacts 12. working in an unpleasant/hazardous/ demanding environment 13. having a nontypical schedule/ optional apparel style job dim1 dim2 dim3 dim4 dims dim6 dim7 dim8 dim9 dim10 dimll dim12 dim13 1 -.35 -.77 -.03 -.14 .16 .22 2 -.08 -.30 .50 -.47 -.29 .29 3 .07 -.34 .13 -.17 -.40 .39 characteristics-as well as the thirteen overall dimensions. researchers tested the z scores for the thirteen overall dimensions (see table 3) to determine job differences. computed interclass correlation coefficients for each job ranged from .69 to .84, sufficient for preceding with the anova. these coefficients were minimally above the average reliability coefficient (.68) reported for a sample of over 1,000 jobs involving over 3,000 pairs of analysts in a study of the paq interanalyst reliability.18 .48 .18 .16 -.81 .66 .93 -.78 -.79 .32 -.90 .10 .92 -.45 -.49 .60 -1.01 -.02 .65 -.70 -.47 .15 the anova on the thirteen overall dimension z scores (table 4) indicated no significant statistical differences among jobs, nor a significant job x dimension interaction. the job x dimension accounted for .008 percent of the variance; the source of variance as a result of jobs accounted for .004 percent. the value resulting from the ratio of variance indicates there is almost eighteen times the variance because of job similarities than job differences. extremely low omega-squared scores ( <.15) indicated very strong job similarities, not differences. table3 z scores on overall dimensions for jobs 1-3, raters 1-9 job rater diml dim2 dim3 dim4 dims dim6 dim7 dim8 dim9 dimlo dimll dim12 dim13 i 1 -.83 -.84 -.56 .04 .38 .21 .65 -.60 -.16 1.09 -.58 -.55 .22 1 2 -.08 -.51 .33 .12 -.03 .21 .50 -.65 1.03 .94 -.70 -1 .35 .59 1 3 -.15 -.95 .16 -.56 .13 .25 .29 -1.17 1.11 .75 -1.09 -.49 .16 2 4 .20 -.13 1.21 -.30 -.45 .22 .19 -.90 .46 1.35 .17 -.19 1.06 2 5 -.14 -.31 .30 -1.04 -.12 .25 -.02 -.91 .25 .65 -1.02 -.73 .39 2 6 -.28 -.45 .02 -.08 -.31 .40 .37 -.88 -.41 .76 -.50 -.57 .38 3 7 .32 -.42 -.21 -.18 -.67 .26 -. 12 -.89 -.17 .72 -.71 -.79 .08 3 8 -.31 -.31 .30 -.03 .08 .62 .55 -1.02 -.43 .58 -.37 .08 -.12 3 9 .20 -.29 .31 -.31 -.61 .30 .06 -1.12 .57 .67 -1.02 -.69 .50 64 college & research libraries hypothesizing that the thirteen overall dimension scores were too abstract or general, the author ran anovas on the subscores of four selected divisional sets of z scores: division 1 • information input • interpreting what is sensed • using sources of information • watching devices and/ or materials for information • being aware of environmental conditions • using various devices division 2 • mental processes • making decisions • processing information division 3 • work output • using machines and/ or tools and/ or equipment • performing activities requiring general body movements • controlling machines or processes • performing skilled and/ or technical activities • performing controlled manual and/ or related activities • using miscellaneous equipment and/ or devices • performing handling and/ or related activities • general physical coordination division 4 • relationships with other persons communicating judgments and/or related information • engaging in general personal contact • performing supervisory and/ or coordinating and/ or related activities • exchanging job-related information • public and/ or related personal contacts january 1996 the anova results show no significant differences for any of the four divisions. discussion test results indicate that there are no significant statistical differences among the 1975, 1981, and 1990 jobs using the anovamodel to analyze the paq's thirteen overall dimensions . these results do not support a conclusion that technology has significantly upgraded the paraprofessional positions under review. indeed, the results indicate change, but of an unexpected nature: job redesign to meet the needs of the time (old skills discarded, new ones learned), resulting in the replacement of some duties by others. increased efficiency of work flow and operations, in this particular situation, resulted in a narrowing of functions, not an upgrading of responsibilities. although not statistically significant, the total mean job evaluation points have increased over time (from 621 to 698) as a result of the increased educational realthough not statistically significant, the total mean job evaluation points have increased over time (from 621 to 698) as a result of the increased educational requirements. quirements. mort mcphail of jeanneret and associates produced a list of twentysix paq elements likely to be affected by automation. he noted that technology can increase or decrease the worth of the job. increases "in such ratings as training and experience required may be offset by decreases in items dealing with decision making, combining and analyzing information, etc., and the jobs may have become simpler and less demanding to perform."1 9 also noticeable is a shift in responsibilities discernible by viewing the individual paq "item with highest percentile scores" sections of the paq reports (copies of these are available from the author). supervision, which had the highest percentile score in the the changing nature of jobs 65 table4 anova results on the thirteen overall dimensions 1975 job and is usually source of variation valued highly in job ---------------------------------------df ms f o:l evaluation systems, debetween jobs 2 .08 -.004 dined. the highest perjobs (a) centile paq item for the raters within jobs c(a) 6 .28 .28 .01 1990 job deals with rnawithin jobs chines and equipment, not dimensions (b) 12 2.21 20.78 .215 people. the next highest is inspecting, as opposed to students/trainees for the job x dimensions dimension x raters within jobs (b x c(a)) 24 72 . 15 1.42 .008 .11 .11 1975 job. the 1990 job is in....__ ____________________________________ ___. deed different, reflecting an apparent rearrangement of work activities brought on by automation. the history of library automation can explain much about the changes in these three jobs. automation for the smaller library began with cataloging functions. in the late 1970s, the majority of libraries became members of cooperative national cataloging bibliographic utilities, such as oclc. shared online cataloging produced the catalog cards and machinereadable archival tapes, and changed the job structure in some cataloging departments. the shift to online cataloging meant that more copy cataloging was done, particularly as the number of contributing libraries increased. copy cataloging (editing a specific record to meet local library requirements) did not require the skills of a degreed librarian. rather, it required an individual able to understand cataloging terminology, use computers, and learn the coding requirements of the bibparaprofessionals performed the same duties as some librarians: copy cataloging and supervision. automation at this time contributed to the confusion of roles between professional and paraprofessional. a review of division 4 (relationships with other persons) z scores supports the above contention that job responsibilities have changed. it is evident that the 1990 position requires more judgment communication, less general personal contact, less supervisory responsibility, and less public contact than the two previous jobs. the 1976 automation of cataloging functions increased the job level (1981) by including copy cataloging; but by 1990, a narrowing of job function had occurred as librarians learned to adapt office automation strategies of work flow and efficiency to cataloging functions. the 1990 job provides more responsibility for database management but decreased supervisory responsibility. liographic utility. those libraries that conclusion chose to employ nondegreed library staff this study began as an effort to underto perform copy cataloging incorporated stand the impact of computers on the these requirements by increasing the eduparaprofessional jobs in the technical sercational and training requirements for the vice department of one library, anticipatjob. all other job requirements remained ing a statistically significant difference. the same. the author believed that the addition of this is also reflected in the duties and responsibilities of the 1981 position. "relations with professional personnel" was the highest-ranking paq item for this job. oclc copy cataloging to the 1981 position, and definitely the addition of database record maintenance and media cataloging to the 1990 position, would make 66 college & research libraries a statistically significant difference. this did not occur. perhaps this is the result of the unique job history or pattern for this particular library, or it may result from the paq's worker orientation (as opposed to task orientation), which may not discriminate sufficiently to measure the "real" job difference. duplication of the study in other libraries should be undertaken to see if similar results are found. in this particular case, technology, often viewed as a way to upgrade the status of library positions, does not seem to have raised the job level. one reviewer of this article noted that it seems "counter intuitive" that increasing levels of required education do not make a differtechnology, a better educated work force, fewer accredited library schools, and the continuing democratization of the information process will all continue to exacerbate the problem in the future. ence. although qualifications (ksas) are used as data in the paq, in this case the unique blend of responsibilities in each job resulted in some dimensions, highly valued in job evaluation systems, decreasing. others, also highly valued, stayed the same or increased. the combination of increases, balanced against decreases was not enough to produce a statistically significant difference. all libraries attempt to recruit staff with high qualifications; however, this is a subjective judgment area . with the changing work environment, the question of what qualifications are necessary to perform the work at each level of the library organization is a legitimate subject for research. this study attempted to find a tool that would examine jobs over time with as little bias as possible, but further studies are needed to answer that question. the paraprofessional jobs under review have not been significantly upgraded because the responsibilities that january 1996 upgrade positions and typically lead to better pay (typically, autonomy; authority, including supervisory responsibility; and decision-making) are not reflected in the jobs under review. the national adoption of marc as the preferred way for most libraries to catalog library materials has resulted in the standardization of cataloging rules and practices. marc copy cataloging computerizes and standardizes the level of decision making. this permits non-mls staff to take over the bulk of copy cataloging. as shoshana zuboff noted, "the purpose of the intelligent technology at the core of a computer system is to substitute algorithms or decision rules for individual judgments. this substitution makes it possible to formalize the skills and know-how intrinsic to a job and integrate them into a computer program." 20 this study indicates that automation has not upgraded technical services library paraprofessional positions as much as the author had thought. the functions remain the same, but the tools change (and the level of the person doing the work). however, this study did not investigate the intrinsic rewards that technology may add to jobs by including responsibilities that are more interesting and central to the operation of libraries. there are new jobs in libraries that did not exist prior to the introduction of computers; it would be interesting to identify these and compare them with the more traditional jobs of libraries. the future library will have both. real improvement in the status of paraprofessionals is dependent upon the level of authority, autonomy, and skill assigned to the jobs they fill. this will not occur without further study of the necessary qualifications for all levels of library work and the appropriate ways to obtain those qualifications. technology is a means, not an end; and it is not the answer to the increasing uncertainty that besets the profession. the deskilling effects of computers certainly complicate an already complex situation. technology, a better educated work force, fewer accredited library schools, and the continuing democratization of the information process will all continue to exacerbate the problem in the future. rethe changing nature of jobs 67 searchers need more data to clarify both paraprofessional and professional positions and their respective roles in libraries. job analysis using tools such as the paq may provide useful data to aid in the discussion. notes 1. alan b. veaner, "librarians: the next generation," library journal109 (apr. 1, 1984): 62325. 2. charlotte mugnier, the paraprofessional and the professional job structure (chicago: ala, 1980). 3. larry r. oberg, mark e. mentges, p.n. mcdermott, and vitoon harusadangkul, "the role, status, and working conditions of paraprofessionals: a national survey of academic libraries," college & research libraries 53 (may 1992): 215-38. 4. cathleen c. palmini, "the impact of computerization on library support staff: a study of support staff in academic libraries in wisconsin," college & research libraries 55 (mar. 1994): 119-27. 5. darla h. rushing, "caught in the middle: systems, staff and maintenance in the mediumsized academic library," journal of library administration 13 (1990): 157-73. 6. ann e. prentice, "jobs and changes in the technological age," journal of library administration 13 (1990): 47-57. 7. harry braverman, labor and monopoly capital; the degradation of work in the twentieth century (new york: monthly review pr., 1974). 8. shoshana zuboff, in the age of the smart machine: the future of work and power (new york: basic bks., 1988). 9. suzanne iacono and rob kling, "changing office technologies and transformations of clerical jobs," in technology and the transformation of white-collar work, ed. robert e. kraut (hillsdale, n.j.: l. erlbaurn associates, 1987). 10. roberts' dictionary of indu strial relations, 4th ed. (washington, d.c.: bureau of national affairs, 1994). 11. ernest j. mccormick, paul r. jeanneret, and robert c. mecham, "a study of job characteristics and job dimensions as based on the position analysis questionnaire (paq)," journal of applied psychology monograph 56 (aug. 1972): 247-368 . 12. benjamin schneider and neal schmitt, staffing organizations, 2nd ed. (glenview, ill.: scott, foresman and co., 1986). 13. ernest j. mccormick, robert c. mecham, and paul r. jeanneret, technical manual for the position analysis questionnaire, 2nd ed. (paq services inc., 1989). 14. edwin t. cornelius iii, theodore j. carron, and marianne n. collins, "job analysis models and job classification," personnel psychology 32 (1979): 693-708. 15. richard d. arvey and kevin m. mossholder, "a proposed methodology for determining similarities and differences among jobs," personnel psychology 30 (1977): 363-74. 16. richard d. arvey and others, "detecting job differences: a monte carlo study," personnel psychology 34 (1981) : 709-30. 17. richard d. arvey and others, skills obsolescence: psychological and economic perspectives (unpublished paper, 1984). 18. mccormick, mecham, and jeanneret, technical manual for the position analysis questionnaire. 19. mort mcphail, paq items likely to be impacted by office automation (logan, utah: jeanneret associates, 1990). 20. shoshana zuboff, "new worlds of computer-mediated work," harvard business review 60 (sept./oct. 1982): 142-52. 170 information technology and libraries | december 2011 this paper summarizes a research program that focuses on how catalogers, other cultural heritage information workers, web/semantic web technologists, and the general public understand, explain, and manage resource description tasks by creating, counting, measuring, classifying, and otherwise arranging descriptions of cultural heritage resources within the bibliographic universe and beyond it. a significant effort is made to update the nineteenth-century mathematical and scientific ideas present in traditional cataloging theory to their twentiethand twenty-first-century counterparts. there are two key elements in this approach: (1) a technique for diagrammatically depicting and manipulating large quantities of individual and grouped bibliographic entities and the relationships between them, and (2) the creation of resource description exemplars (problem–solution sets) that are intended to play theoretical, pedagogical, and it system design roles. to the reader: this paper presents a major re-visioning of cataloging theory, introducing along the way a technique for depicting diagrammatically large quantities of bibliographic entities and the relationships between them. as many details of the diagrams cannot be reproduced in regularly sized print publications, the reader is invited to follow the links provided in the endnotes to pdf versions of the figures. c ataloging—the systematic arrangement of resources through their descriptions that is practiced by libraries, archives, and museums (i.e., cultural heritage institutions) and other parties1—can be placed in an advanced, twenty-first-century context by updating its preexisting scientific and mathematical ideas with their more contemporary versions. rather than directing our attention to implementation-oriented details such as metadata formats, database designs, and communications protocols, as do technologists pursuing bottom-up web and semantic web initiatives, in ronald j. murray and barbara b. tillett cataloging theory in search of graph theory and other ivory towers object: cultural heritage resource description networks this paper we will define a complementary, top-down approach. this top-down approach focuses on how catalogers, other cultural heritage information workers, web/ semantic web technologists, and the general public have understood, explained, and managed their resource description tasks by creating, counting, measuring, classifying, and otherwise arranging descriptions of cultural heritage resources within and beyond the bibliographic universe. we go on to prescribe what enlargements of cataloging theory and practice are required such that catalogers and other interested parties can describe pages from unique, ancient codices as readily as they might describe information elements and patterns on the web. we will be enhancing cataloging theory with concepts from communications theory, history of science, graph theory, computer science, and from the hybrid field of anthropology and mathematics called ethnomathematics. employing this strategy benefits two groups: ■■ workers in the cultural heritage realm, who will acquire a broadened perspective on their resource description activities, who will be better prepared to handle new forms of creative expressions as they appear, and who will be able to shape the development of information systems that support more sophisticated types of resource descriptions and ways of exploring those descriptions. to build a better library system (perhaps an n-dimensional, n-connected system?), one needs better theories about the library collections and the people or groups who manage and use them. ■■ the full spectrum of people who draw on cultural heritage resources: scholars, creatives (novelists, poets, visual artists, musicians, and so on), professional and technical workers, students, and other people or groups pursuing specific or general, long or short-term interests, entertainment, etc. to apply a multidisciplinary perspective to the processes by which resource description data (linked or otherwise) are created and used is not an ivory tower exercise. our approach draws lessons from the debates on why, what, and how to describe physical phenomena that were conducted by physicists, engineers, software developers (and their historian and philosopher of science observers) during the evolution of high-energy physics. during that time, intensive debates raged over theory and observational/experimental data, the roles of theorists, experimenters, and instrument builders, instrumentation, and hardware/software system design.2 accommodating the resulting scientific approaches to description, collaboration, and publishing has required the creation of information technologies that have had and continue to have world-shaking effects. ronald j. murray (rmur@loc.gov) is a digital conversion specialist in the preservation reformatting division, and barbara b. tillett (btil@loc.gov) is the chief of the policy and standards division at the library of congress. cataloging theory in search of graph theory and other ivory towers | murray and tillett 171 descriptions—accounts or representations of a person, object, or event being drawn on by a person, group, institution, and so on, in pursuit of its interests. given this definition, a person (or a computation) operating from a business rules–generated institutional or personal point of view, and executing specified procedures (or algorithms) to do so, is an integral component of a resource description process (see figure 1). this process involves identifying a resource’s textual, graphical, acoustic, or other features and then classifying, making quality and fitness for purpose judgments, etc., on the resource. knowing which institutional or individual points of view are being employed is essential when parties possessing multiple views on those resources describe cultural heritage resources. how multiple resource descriptions derived from multiple points of view are to be related to one another becomes a key theoretical issue with significant practical consequences. ■■ niels bohr’s complementarity principle and the library in 1927, the physicist niels bohr offered a radical explanation for seemingly contradictory observations of physical phenomena confounding physicists at that time.6 according to bohr, creating descriptions of nature is the primary task of the physicist: it is wrong to think that the task of physics is to find out how nature is. physics concerns what we can say about nature.7 descriptions that appear contradictory or incomparable may in fact be signaling deep limitations in language. bohr’s complementarity principle states that a complete description of atomic-level phenomena requires descriptions of both wave and particle properties. this is generally understood to mean that in the normal language these physics research facilities and their supporting academic institutions are the same ones whose scientific subcultures (theory, experiment, and instrument building) generated the data creation, management, analysis, and publication requirements that resulted in the creation of the web. in response to this development, we have come to believe that cultural heritage resource description (i.e., the process of identifying and describing phenomena in the bibliographic universe as opposed to the physical one) must now be as open to the concepts and practices of those twenty-first-century physics subcultures as it had been to the natural sciences during the nineteenth century.3 we have consequently undertaken an intensive study of the scientific subcultures that generate scientific data and have identified four principles on which to base a more general approach to cultural heritage resource description: 1. observations 2. complementarity 3. graphs 4. exemplars the cultural heritage resource description theory to follow proposes a more articulated view of the complex, collaborative process of making available—through their descriptions—socially relevant cultural heritage resources at a global scale. we will demonstrate that a broader understanding of this resource description process (along with the ability to create improved implementations of it) requires integrating ideas from other fields of study, reaching beyond it system design to embrace larger issues. ■■ cataloging as observation as stated in the oxford english dictionary, an observation is: the action or an act of observing scientifically; esp. the careful watching and noting of an object or phenomenon in regard to its cause or effect, or of objects or phenomena in regard to their mutual relations (contrasted with experiment). also: a measurement or other piece of information so obtained; an experimental result.4 following the scientific community’s lead in striving to describe the physical universe through observations, we adapted the concept of an observation into the bibliographic universe and assert that cataloging is a process of making observations on resources. human or computational observers following institutional business rules (i.e., the terms, facts, definitions, and action assertions that represent constraints on an enterprise and on the things of interest to the enterprise)5 create resource figure 1. a resource description modeled as a business ruleconstrained account of a person, object, or event 172 information technology and libraries | december 2011 purpose, its reformatting, and its long-term preservation must take into consideration that resource’s physical characteristics. having things to say about cultural heritage resources—and having many “voices” with which to say them—presents the problem of creating a well-articulated context for library-generated resource descriptions as well as those from other sources. these contextualization issues must be addressed theoretically before implementation-level thinking, and the demands of contextualization require visualization tools to complement the narratives common to catalogers, scholars, and other users. this is where mathematics and ethnomathematics make their entrance. ethnomathematics is the study of the mathematical practices of specific cultural groups over the course of their daily lives and as they deal with familiar and novel problems.10 an ethnomathematical perspective on cultural heritage resource description directs one’s attention to the existence of simple and complex resource descriptions, the patterns of descriptions that have been created, and the representation of these patterns when they are interpreted as expressions of mathematical ideas. a key advantage of operating from an ethnomathematical perspective is becoming aware that mathematical ideas can be observed within a culture (namely the people and institutions who play key roles in observing the bibliographic universe) before their having been identified and treated formally by western-style mathematicians. ■■ resource description as graph creation relationships between cultural heritage resource descriptions can be represented as conceptually engaging and flexible systems of connections mathematicians call graphs. a full appreciation of two key mathematical ideas underlying the evolution of cataloging—putting things into groups and defining relationships between things and groups of things—was only possible after the founding, naming, and expansion of graph theory, which is a field of mathematics that emerged in the 1850s, and the eventual acceptance around 1900 of set theory, a field founded amid intense controversy in 1874. between the emergence of formal mathematical treatments of those ideas by mathematicians and their actual exploitation by cataloging theorists—or by anyone capable of considering library resource description and organization problems from a mathematical perspective—lay a gulf of more than one hundred years.11 it remained for scholars in the library world to begin addressing the issue. tillett’s 1987 work on bibliographic relationships and svenonius’s 2000 definition of bibliographic entities in set-theoretic terms that physicists use to communicate experimental results, the wholeness of nature is accessible only through the embrace of complementary, contradictory, and paradoxical descriptions of it. later in his career, bohr vigorously affirmed his belief that the complementarity principle was not limited to quantum physics: in general philosophical perspective, it is significant that, as regards analysis and synthesis in other fields of knowledge, we are confronted with situations reminding us of the situation in quantum physics. thus, the integrity of living organisms, and the characteristics of conscious individuals, and most of human cultures, present features of wholeness, the account of which implies a typically complementary mode of description. . . . we are not dealing with more or less vague analogies, but with clear examples of logical relations which, in different contexts, are met with in wider fields.8 within a library, there are many things catalogers, conservators, and preservation scientists—each with their distinctive skills, points of view, and business rules—can observe and say about cultural heritage resources.9 much of what these specialists say and do strongly affects library users’ ability to discover, access, and use library resources in their original or surrogate forms. while observations made by these specialists from different perspectives may lead to descriptions that must be accepted as valid for those specialists, a fuller appreciation of these descriptions calls for the integration of those multiple perspectives into a well-articulated, accessible whole. reflecting the perspectives of the library of congress directorates in which we work, the acquisitions and bibliographic access (aba) directorate and the preservation directorate, we assert that the most fundamental complementary views on cultural heritage resources involve describing a library’s resources in terms of their availability (from an acquisitions perspective), in terms of their information content (from a cataloging perspective), and in terms of their physical properties (from a preservation perspective). for example, in the normal languages used to communicate their results, preservation directorate conservators narrate their condition assessments and record simple physical measurements of library-managed objects—while at the same time preservation scientists in another section bring instrumentation to acquire optical and chemical data from submitted materials and from reference collections of physical and digital media. even though these assessments and measurements may not be comprehended by or made accessible to most library users, the information gathered possess a critical logical relationship to bibliographic and other descriptions of those same resources. key decisions regarding a library resource’s fitness for cataloging theory in search of graph theory and other ivory towers | murray and tillett 173 by the modeling technique. what is required instead is theory-based guidance of systems development, alongside theory testing and improvement through application use. if software development is not constrained by a tacit or explicit resource description theory or practice, graph or other data structures familiar to the historically less well-informed, those favored by an institution’s system designers and developers, or those familiar to and favored by implementation-oriented communities may be invoked inappropriately.18 given graph theory’s potentially overwhelming mathematical power—as evidenced by its many applications in the physical sciences, engineering, and computer science—investigations into graph theory and its history require close attention both to the history and evolving needs of the cultural heritage community.19 the unnecessary constraint on resource description theory formation occasioned by the use of e-r or oo modeling can be removed by dispensing with it system analysis tools and expressing resource description concepts in graph-theoretical terms. with this step, the very general elements (i.e., entities and relationships) that characterize e-r models and the more implementation-oriented ones in oo models are replaced by more mathematically flexible, theory-relevant elements expressed in graph-theoretical terms. the result is a “graph-friendly” theory of cultural heritage resource description, which can borrow from other fields (e.g., ethnomathematics, history of science) to improve its descriptive and predictive power, guide it system design and use, and, in response to users’ experiences with functioning systems, results in improved theories and information systems. graph theory in a cultural heritage context ever since the nineteenth century foundation of graph theory (though scholars regularly date its origins from euler’s 1736 paper)20 and its move from the backwaters of recreational mathematics to full field status by 1936, graph theory has concerned itself with the properties of systems of connections—nowadays regularly expressed as the mathematical objects called sets.21 in addition to its set notational form, graphs also are depicted and manipulated in diagrammatic form as dots/labeled nodes linked by labeled or unlabeled, simple or arrowed lines. for example, the graph x, consisting of one set of nodes labeled a, b, c, d, e, and f and one set of edges labeled ab, bd, de, ef, and fc, can be depicted in set notation as x = {{a b c d e f}, {ab bd de ef fc}} and can be depicted diagrammatically as in figure 2. when graphs are defined to represent different types of nodes and relationships, it becomes possible to create and discuss structures that can support cultural heritage resource description theory and application building. the following diagrams depict simple resource description identified those mathematical ideas in cataloging theory and developed them formally.12 then in 2009, we were able to employ graph theory (expressed in set-theoretical terms and in its highly informative graphical representation) as part of a broader historical and cultural analysis.13 cataloging theory had by 2009 haltingly embraced a new view on how resources in libraries have been described and arranged via their descriptions—an activity that in principle stretches back to catalogs created for the library of alexandria14—and how these structured resource descriptions have evolved over time, irrespective of implementation. murray’s investigation into this issue revealed that the increasingly formalized and refined rules that guided anglo-american catalogers had, by 1876, specified sophisticated systems of cross-references (i.e., connections between bibliographic descriptions of works, authors, and subjects)—systems whose properties were not yet the subject of formal mathematical treatment by mathematicians of the time.15 murray also found that library resource description structures—when teased out of their book and card and digital catalog implementations and treated as graphs—are arguably more sophisticated than those being explored in the world wide web consortium’s (w3c) library linked data initiative.16 implementation-oriented substitutes for graph theory cataloging theory has been both helped and hindered by the use of information technology (it) techniques like entity-relationship modeling (e-r, first used extensively by tillett in 1987 to identify bibliographic relationships in cataloging records) and object-oriented (oo) modeling.17 e-r and oo modeling may be used effectively to create information systems that are based on an inventory of “things of interest” and the relationships that exist between them. unfortunately, the things of interest in cultural heritage institutions keep changing and may require redefinition, aggregation, disaggregation, and re-aggregation. e-r and oo modeling as usually practiced are not designed to manage the degree and kind of changes that take place under those circumstances. when trying to figure out what is “out there” in the bibliographic universe, we assert that focus should first be placed on identifying and describing the things of interest, what relationships exist between them, and what processes are involved in the creation, etc., of resource descriptions. having accomplished this, attention can then be safely paid to defining and managing information deemed essential to the enterprise, that is, undertaking it system analysis and design. but when an it-centric modeling technique becomes the bed on which the resource description theory itself is constructed, the resulting theory will be driven in a direction that is strongly influenced 174 information technology and libraries | december 2011 of the resources they describe. figure 4’s diagrammatic simplicity becomes problematic when large quantities of resources are to be described, when the number and kinds of relationships recorded grows large, and when more comprehensive but less-detailed views of bibliographic relationships are desired. to address these problems in a comprehensive fashion, we examined similar complex description scenarios in the sciences and borrowed another idea from the physics community—paper tool creation and use. ■■ paper tools: graph-aware diagram creation paper tools are collections of symbolic elements (diagrams, characters, etc.), whose construction and manipulation are subject to specified rules and constraints.23 berzelian chemical notation (e.g., c6h12o6) and—more prominently—feynman diagrams like those in figure 5 are familiar examples of paper tool creation and use.24 creating a paper tool resource diagram requires that the rules for creating resource descriptions be reflected in diagram elements, properties of diagram elements, and drawing rules that define how diagram/symbolic elements are connected to one another (e.g., the formula c6h12o6 specifies six molecules of carbon, twelve of hydrogen, and six of oxygen). the detailed bibliographic information in figure 4 is progressively schematized in a graphs that are based on real-world bibliographic descriptions. nodes in the graphs represent text, numbers, or dates and relationships that can be nondirectional (as a simple line), unidirectional (as single arrowed lines) or bidirectional (as a double arrowed line). the all-in-one resource description graph in figure 3 can be divided and connected according to the kinds of relationships that have been defined for cultural heritage resources. this is the point where institutional, group, and individual ways of describing resources shape the initial structure of the graph. once constructed, graph structures like this and their diagrammatic representations are then interpreted in terms of a tacit or explicit resource description theory. in the case of graphs constructed according to ifla’s functional requirements for bibliographic records (frbr) standard,22 figure 3 can be subdivided into four frbr sub-graphs, yielding figure 4. the four diagrams depict the initial graph of cataloging data as four complementary frbr wemi (w–work, e–expression, m–manifestation, and i–item) graphs. note that the item graph contains the call numbers (used here to identify the location of the copy) of three physical copies of the novel. this use of call numbers is qualitatively different from the values found in the manifestation graph in that resource descriptions in this graph apply to the entire population of physical copies printed by the publisher. the descriptions contained in figure 4’s frbr subgraphs reproduce bibliographic characteristics found useful by catalogers, scholars, other educationally oriented end users, and to varying extents the public in general. once created, resource description graphs and subgraphs (in mathematical notation or in simple diagrams like figure 4) can proliferate and link in multiple and complex ways—in parallel with or independently figure 3. library of congress catalog data for thomas pynchon’s novel gravity’s rainbow, represented as an all-inone graph labeled c figure 2. a diagrammatic representation of graph x cataloging theory in search of graph theory and other ivory towers | murray and tillett 175 6 graph is now represented explicitly by a black dot in a ring in the more schematic paper tool version. resource descriptions are then represented in fixed colors and positions relative to the resource/ring: the worklevel resource description is represented by a blue box, expression by a green box, manifestation by a yellow box, and item by a red box. depicting one aspect of the frbr way that reflects frbr definitions of bibliographic things of interest and their relevant relationships. as a first step, the four wemi descriptions in figure 4 are given a common identity by linking them to a c node, as in figure 6. the diagram is then further schematized such that frbr description types and relationships are represented by appropriate graphical elements connected to other elements. the result shows how a frbr paper tool makes it much easier to construct and examine complex large-scale properties of resource and resource description structures (like figure 7, right side) without being distracted by textual and linkage details. the resource described (but not shown) by the figure figure 4. the all-in-one graph in figure 3, separated into four frbr work (top-left), expression (top-right), manifestation (bottom-left), and item (bottom-right) graphs figure 5. feynman diagrams of elementary particle interactions figure 6. a frbr resource description graph 176 information technology and libraries | december 2011 expressions. the work products of scholars—especially those creations that are dense with quotations, citations, and other types of direct and derived textual and graphical reference within and beyond themselves—are excellent environments for paper tool explorations and more generally, for testing of exemplars—solutions to the potentially complex problem of describing cultural heritage resources. ■■ exemplars the fourth principle in our cultural heritage resource description theory involves exemplar identification and analysis. according to the historian of science thomas s. kühn, exemplars are sets of concrete problems and solutions encountered during one’s education, training, and work. in the sciences, exemplar-based problem finding and solving involves mastery of relevant models, builds knowledge bases, and hones problem-solving skills. every student in a field would be expected to demonstrate mastery by learning and using their field’s exemplars. change within a scientific field is manifest by the need to modify old or create new exemplars as new problems appear and must be solved.26 a cultural heritage resource description theorist would, in addition to identifying and developing exemplars from real bibliographic data and other sources, want to speculate about possible resource/description configurations that call for changes in existing information technologies. to the theorist, it would be as important to find out what can’t be done with frbr and other resource description models at library, archive, museum, and internet scales, as it is to be able to explain routine item cataloging and tagging activities. discovering system limitations is better done in advance by simulating uncommon or challenging circumstances than by having problems appear later in production systems. model graphically, the descriptions closest to the black dot resource/slot are the most concrete and those furthest away the most abstract. (readers wishing to interpret frbr paper tool diagrams without reference to color values should note the strict ordering of wemi elements: w–e–m–i–resource/ring or resource/ring–i–m–e–w.) finally, to minimize element use when pairs of wemi boxes touch, the appropriate frbr linking relationship for the relevant pair of descriptions (as explicitly shown in the expanded graph) is implied but not shown. with appropriate diagramming conventions, the process of creating and exploring resource description complexes addresses combined issues of cataloging theory and institutional policy—and results in an ability to make better-informed judgments/computations about resource descriptions and their referenced resources. as a result, resource description graphs are readily created and transformed to serve theoretical—and with greater experience in thinking and programming along graph-friendly lines, practical—ends. one example of transformability would arise when exploring the implications of removing redundant portions of related resource descriptions as more copies of the same work are brought to the bibliographic universe. the frbr paper tool elements and the more articulated resource description graphs in figure 8 both depict the consequences of a practical act: combining resource descriptions for two copies of the same edition of the novel gravity’s rainbow.25 the top-most frbr diagram and its magnified section depict how the graph would look with a single item-level description, the call number for one physical copy. the bottom-most frbr diagram and its magnified section depict the graph with two item-level descriptions, the call numbers for two physical copies. a frbr paper tool’s flexibility is useful for exploring potentially complex bibliographic relationships created or uncovered by scholars—parties whose expertise lies in identifying, interrelating, and discussing creative concepts and influences across a full range of communicative figure 7. a frbr paper tool diagram element (left) and the less schematic frbr resource description graph it depicts (right) cataloging theory in search of graph theory and other ivory towers | murray and tillett 177 drawing diagrams. use case diagrams are secondary in use case work.28 as products of and guides for theory making, resource description exemplars have different origins and audiences than those for use cases. while use cases and exemplars offer perspectives that can support information system design, exemplars were originally introduced as theoretical entities by kühn to explain how theories and theory-committed communities can crystallize around problem-solution sets, how these sets also can serve as pedagogical tools, and why and when problem-solution sets get displaced by new ones. the proposed process of cultural heritage exemplar creation and use, followed by modification or replacement in the face of changes in the bibliographic universe draws on kühn’s and historian of science david kaiser’s interest in how work gets done in the sciences, in addition to their rejection of paradigms as eerie self-directing processes.29 exemplars are not use cases use cases are a software modeling technique employed by the w3c library linked data incubator group (lld xg) in support of requirements specification.27 kühnstyle exemplars are definitely not to be confused with use cases, which are requirements-gathering documents that contribute to software engineering projects. there is a wikipedia definition of a use case that describes its properties: a use case in software engineering and systems engineering, is a description of steps or actions between a user (or “actor”) and a software system which leads the user towards something useful. the user or actor might be a person or something more abstract, such as an external software system or manual process. . . . use cases are mostly text documents, and use case modeling is primarily an act of writing text and not figure 8. frbr paper tool diagram elements and the frbr resource description graphs they depict 178 information technology and libraries | december 2011 ■■ a webpage and its underlying, globally distributed, multimedia resource network, as it changes over time. such exemplars can be presented diagrammatically through the use of paper tools. this use of diagrams in support of conceptualization and information system design is deliberately patterned after professional data modeling theory and practice.31 paper tool–supported analyses of a nineteenth-century american novel (exemplar 1) and of eighteenth-century french poems drawn from state archives (exemplar 2) will be presented to illustrate how information system design and pedagogy can be informed by exemplary scholarly research and publication, combined with narrativized diagrammatic representations of bibliographic and other relationships in traditional and digital media. exemplar 1. from moby-dick to mash-ups—a print publication history and multimedia mash-up problem document the publication history of print copies of a literary work, identifying editorially driven content transfer across print editions along with content selection and transformation in support of multimedia resource creation. solution the solution to this descriptive problem relies heavily on placing resource descriptions into groups and then defining relationships within and across those groups— i.e., on graph creation. after locating a checklist that documented the publication history of the novel and after identifying key components of a moby-dick and orson welles–themed multimedia resource appropriation and transformation network, murray used the frbr paper tool along with additional connection rules to create a resource description diagram (rdd) that represented g. thomas tanselle’s documentation of the printing history (from 1851 to 1976) of herman melville’s epic novel, moby-dick.32 the resulting diagram provides a high-level view of a large set of printed materials—depicting concepts such as a creative work, the expression of the work in a particular mode of languaging (i.e., speech, sign, image), and more concrete concepts such as publications. to reduce displayed complexity, sets of frbr diagram elements were collapsed into green shaded squares representing entire editions/printings, yielding figure 9.33 the vertical axis represents the year of publication, starting with the 1851 printings at the top. connected squares the resulting network of connections in figure 9 can be interpreted in publishing terms. one line or two or more lines descending downwards from a printing’s green in addition, resource description structures specified in an exemplar can and should represent a more abstract treatment of a resource description and not just data or data structures engaged by end users. exemplars on hand and others to come cultural heritage resource description exemplars have been created over time as solutions to problems of resource description and later made available for use, study, mastery, and improvement. while not necessarily bound to a particular information technology, such as papyrus, parchment, index cards, database records, or rdf aggregations, resource description exemplars have historically provided descriptive solutions of physical resources whose physical and intellectual structure had originally been innovative solutions to describing, for example, ■■ a manuscript (individual and related multiples, published but host to history, imaginary, etc.); ■■ a monograph in one edition (individual and related multiples); ■■ a monograph in multiple editions (individual and related multiples); and ■■ a publication in multiple media, created sequentially or simultaneously. with the advent of electronic and then digital communications media, more complex resource description problem-solution sets have been called for as a response to enduringly or recently more sophisticated creative/ editorial decision-making and to more flexible print and digital information technology production capabilities. the most challenging problem-solution sets involve the assembly and cross-referencing of several multipart—and possibly multimedia—creative or editorially constructed works, such as the following: ■■ a work published as a monograph, but which has been reprinted and reedited; translated into numerous languages; supplemented by illustrations from multiple artists; excerpted and adapted as plays, an opera, comic books, and cartoon series; multimedia mash-ups; and has been directly quoted in paintings and other graphic arts productions, and has been the subject of dissertations, monographs, journal articles, etc. ■■ a continuing publication (individual and related multiple publications, special editions, name, publisher, editorial policy changes, etc.). ■■ a monograph whose main content is composed nearly entirely of excerpts from other print publications.30 ■■ a library-hosted multimedia resource and its associated resource description network. cataloging theory in search of graph theory and other ivory towers | murray and tillett 179 by paper tool diagram creation, analysis, and subsequent action, namely, ■■ connecting the squares (i.e., assigning at least one relationship to a printing) ensures access based on the relationship assigned; and ■■ parties located around the globe can examine a given connected or disconnected resource description network and develop strategies for enhancing its usefulness. the wealth of descriptive information available in the moby-dick exemplar illustrates how previous and future collaborative efforts between cultural heritage institutions and other parties have already generated resource descriptions that possess a network structure alongside its content. with a more graph-friendly and collaborative implementation, melville scholars, scholarly organizations,34 and enthusiasts could more effectively examine, discuss, and through their actions enhance the moby dick resource description network’s documentary, scholarly, and educational value. in its original form, the moby dick resource description diagram (and the exemplar it partially documents) only depicted full-length publications of melville’s work. as a test of the frbr paper tool’s ability to accommodate both traditional and modern creative expressions in individual and aggregate form—while continuing to serve theoretical, practical, and educational ends—murray added a resource description network for orson whales,35 square are interpreted to mean that the printing gave rise to one or more additional printings, which may occur in the same or later years. two or more lines converging on a green square from above indicate that the printing was created by combining texts from multiple prior printings—an editorial/creative technique similar to that used to construct the mash-ups published on the web. connecting unconnected squares tanselle’s checklist did not specify predecessor or successor relationships for each post–1851 printing. this often unavoidable, incomplete status is depicted in figure 9 as green squares that are ■■ not linked to any squares above it, i.e., to earlier printings; and/or ■■ not linked to any squares below it, i.e., to later printings; or ■■ connected islands, without a link to the larger structure. recognizing the extent of moby-dick printing disconnectedness in tanselle’s checklist and developing a strategy for dealing with it only by analyzing tanselle’s checklist would be extremely difficult. in contrast, the disconnectedness of the moby-dick resource description network, and its implications for search-based discovery based on following the depicted relationships is readily discernable in figure 9. the ease with which the disconnected condition can be assessed also hints at benefits to be gained by collaborative resource description supported figure 9. a moby-dick resource description diagram, depicting relationships between printings made between 1851–1976 (greatly reduced scale) 180 information technology and libraries | december 2011 darnton’s book can stand on its own as an exemplar for historical method, with the diagram providing additional diagrammatic support. solution 2 darnton’s analysis treated each poem found in the archives as an individual creative work,38 enabling the use of the frbr paper tool (as a bookkeeping device this time) instead of a tool designed to aggregate and describe archival materials. the resulting diagram is a more articulated frbr paper tool depiction of darnton’s poetry communication network, a section of which appears as figure 11. the depiction of the poetry communication network shown in figure 11 is composed of: ■■ tan squares that depict individuals (clerks, professors, priests, students, etc.) who read, discussed, copied, and passed along the poems. ■■ diagram elements that depict poetry written on scraps of paper (treated as resources) that were police custody, were admitted to having existed by suspects, or assumed to have existed by the police. if one’s theory and business rules permit it, paper tool drawing conventions can depict descriptions of lost and nonexistent but nonetheless describable resources. ■■ arrowed lines that represent relationships between a poem and the individuals who owned copies, those who created or received copies of the poem, etc.39 with darnton’s monograph to provide background information regarding the historical personages involved, relationships between the works and the people, document selection from archival fonds, and the point of view of the scholar, the resulting problem-solution set can: ■■ serve as enhanced documentation for darnton-style communication network analysis and discussion. ■■ serve as an exemplar for catalogers, scholars, and alex itin’s moby-dick-themed multimedia mash-up, to the print media diagram. the four-minute long orson whales multimedia mashup contains hundreds of hand-painted page images from the novel, excerpts from the led zeppelin song “moby dick,” parts of two vocal performances by the actor orson welles, and a video clip from welles’s motion picture citizen kane. the result is shown in figure 10.36 the leftmost group of descriptions in figure 10 depicts various releases of led zeppelin’s “moby dick.” the central group depicts the sources of two orson welles audio dialogues after they had been ripped (i.e., digitized from physical media) and made available online. the grouping on the right depicts the orson whales mash-up itself and collections of digital images of painted pages created from two printed copies of the novel. exemplar 2. poetry and the police—archival content identification and critical analysis problem examine archival collections and select, describe, and document ownership and other relationships of a set of documents (poems) alleged to have circulated within a loosely defined social group. solution 1 in his 2010 work, poetry and the police: communication networks in eighteenth-century paris, historian robert darnton studied a 1749 paris police investigation into the transmission of poems highly critical of the french king, louis xv. after combing state archives for police reports, finding and identifying scraps of paper once held as evidence, and collecting other archival materials, darnton was able to construct a poetry communication network diagram,37 which, along with his narrative account, identified a number of parties who owned, copied, and transmitted six of the scandalous poems and placed their activities in a political, social, and literary context. figure 10. a resource description diagram of alex itin’s moby-dick multimedia work, depicting the resources and their frbr descriptions. cataloging theory in search of graph theory and other ivory towers | murray and tillett 181 with all of the adaptations and excerpts extant within a specified bibliographic universe (such as the cataloging records that appear in oclc’s worldcat bibliographic database). resource description diagrams, created from real-world or theoretically motivated considerations, would then provide a diagrammatic means for depicting the precise and flexible underlying mathematical ideas that, heretofore unrecognized but nonetheless systematically employed, serve resource description ends. if the structure of a well-motivated and constructed resource description diagram subsequently makes data representation and management requirements that a given information system cannot accommodate, cataloging theorists and information technologists alike will then know of that system’s limitations, will work together on mitigating them, and will embark on improving system capabilities. ■■ cataloging theory, tool-making, education, and practice this modernized resource description theory offers new and enhanced roles and benefits for cultural heritage personnel as well as for the scholars, students, and those members of the general public who require support not just for searching, but also for collecting, reading, writing, collaborating, monitoring, etc.40 information systems that others who seek similar solutions to their problems with identifying, describing, depicting, and discussing as individual works documents ordinarily bundled within hierarchically structured archival fonds at multiple locations. ■■ a paper tool into a power tool there are limits to what can be done with a hand-drawn frbr paper tool. while murray was able to depict largescale bibliographic relationships that probably had not been observed before, he was forced to stop work on the moby-dick diagram because much of the useful information available could not fit into a static, hand-drawn diagram. we think that automated assistance in creating resource description diagrams from bibliographic records is required. with that capability available, cataloging theorists and parties with scholarly and pedagogical interests could interactively and efficiently explore how scholars and sophisticated readers describe significant quantities of analog and digital resources. it would then be possible and extremely useful to be able to initiate a scholarly discussion or begin a lecture by saying, “given a moby-dick resource description network . . . ” and then proceed to argue or teach from a diagram depicting all known printings of moby-dick—along figure 11. a section of darnton’s poetry communication network 182 information technology and libraries | december 2011 the value of non-euclidean geometry lies in its ability to liberate us from preconceived ideas in preparation for the time when exploration of physical laws might demand some geometry other than the euclidean.41 taking riemann to heart, we assert that the value of describing cultural heritage resources as observations organized into graphs and of enhancing and supplementing the resource description exemplars that have evolved over time and circumstance rests in opportunities for liberating the cultural heritage community from preconceived ideas about resource description structures and from longstanding points of view on those resources. having achieved such a goal, the cultural heritage community would then be ready when the demand came for resource description structures that must be more flexible and powerful than the traditional ones. given the unprecedented development of the web and the promise of bottom-up semantic web initiatives, we think that the time for the cultural heritage community’s liberation is at hand. ■■ acknowledgments the authors wish to thank beacher wiggins and dianne van der reyden, directors of the library of congress acquisitions and bibliographic access directorate and the preservation directorates, respectively, for supporting the authors’ efforts to explore and renew the scientific and mathematical foundations of cultural heritage resource description. thanks also to marcia ascher, david hay, robert darnton, daniel huson, and mark ragan, whose scholarship informed our own; and to joanne o’brienlevin for her critical eye and for editorial advice. references and notes 1. oed online, “catalogue, n.” http://www.oed.com/view dictionaryentry/entry/28711 (accessed aug. 10, 2011). 2. peter galison, “part ii: building data,” in image & logic: a material culture of microphysics (chicago: univ. of chicago pr., 2003): 370–431. 3. gordon mcquat, “cataloguing power: delineating ‘competent naturalists’ and the meaning of species in the british museum,” british journal for the history of science 34, no. 1 (mar. 2001): 1–28. exclusive control of classification schemes and of the records that named and described its specimens are said to have contributed to the success of the british museum’s institutional mission in the nineteenth century. as a division of the british museum, the british library appears to have incorporated classification concepts (hierarchical structuring) from its parent and elaborated on the museum’s strategies for cataloging species. 4. oed online, “observation, n.” http://www.oed.com/ viewdictionaryentry/entry/129883 (accessed july 8, 2011). couple modern, high-level understandings about how cultural heritage resources can be described, organized, and explored with data models that support linking within and across multiple points of view will be able to support those requirements. the complementarity of cosmological and quantum-level views cataloging theory formation and practice—two areas of activity that did not interest many outside of cultural heritage institutions—can now be understood as a much more comprehensive multilayered activity that is approachable from at least two distinct points of view. the approach presented in this paper represents a cosmological-level view on the bibliographic universe. this treatment of existing or imaginable large-scale configurations of cultural heritage resource descriptions serves as a complement to the quantum-level view of resource description, as characterized by it-related specificities such as character sets, identifiers, rdf triples, triplestores, etc. activities at the quantum level—the domain of semantic web technologists and others—yield powerful and relatively unconstrained information management systems. in the absence of cosmological-level inspiration or guidance, these systems have not necessarily been tested against nontrivial, challenging cultural heritage resource description scenarios like those documented in the above two exemplars. applying both views to the bibliographic universe would clearly be beneficial for all institutional and individual parties involved. if ever a model for multilevel, multidisciplinary effort was required, the history of physics is illuminated by mutually influential interactions of cosmological and quantum-level theories, practices, and pedagogy. workers in cultural heritage institutions and technologists pursuing w3c initiatives would do well to reflect on the result. ■■ ready for the future—and creating the future to explore the cultural, scientific, and mathematical ideas underlying cultural heritage resource description, to identify, study, and teach with exemplars, and to exploit the theoretical reach and bookkeeping capability of paper tool –like techniques is to pay homage to the cultural heritage community’s 170+ year-old talent for pragmatic, implementation-oriented thinking,while at the same time pointing out a rich set of possibilities for enhanced service to society. the cultural heritage community can draw inspiration from geometrician bernhard riemann’s own justification for his version of thinking outside of the box called euclidean geometry: cataloging theory in search of graph theory and other ivory towers | murray and tillett 183 18. the prospects for creating graph-theoretical functions that operate on resource description networks are extremely promising. for example, combinatorica (an implementation of graph theory concepts created for the computer mathematics application mathematica) is composed of more than 450 functions. were cultural heritage resource description networks to be defined using this application’s graph-friendly data format, significant quantities of combinatorica functions would be available for theoretical and applied uses; siriam pemmaraju and steven skiena, computational discrete mathematics: combinatorics and graph theory with mathematica (new york: cambridge univ. pr., 2003). 19. dénes könig, theory of finite and infinite graphs, trans. richard mccoart (boston: birkhaüser, 1990); fred buckley and marty lewinter, a friendly introduction to graph theory (upper saddle river, n.j.: pearson, 2003); oystein ore and robin wilson, graphs and their uses (washington d.c.: mathematical association of america, 1990). 20. leonhard euler, “solutio problematis ad geometriam situs pertinentis,” commentarii academiae scientarium imperalis petropolitanae no. 8 (1736): 128–40. 21. “set theory, branch of mathematics that deals with the properties of well-defined collections of objects, which may or may not be of a mathematical nature, such as numbers or functions. the theory is less valuable in direct application to ordinary experience than as a basis for precise and adaptable terminology for the definition of complex and sophisticated mathematical concepts.” quoted from encyclopædia britannica online, “set theory,” oct. 2010, http://www.britannica.com/ebchecked/ topic/536159/set-theory (accessed oct. 27, 2010). 22. ifla study group on the functional requirements for bibliographic records, functional requirements for bibliographic records: final report (munich: k.g. saur, 1998). this document is downloadable as a pdf from http://www.ifla.org/vii/s13/ frbr/frbr.pdf or as an html page at http://www.ifla.org/vii/ s13/frbr/frbr.htm. 23. ursula klein, ed., experiments, models, paper tools: cultures of organic chemistry in the nineteenth century (stanford, calif.: stanford univ. pr., 2003); klein, ed., tools and modes of representation in the laboratory sciences (boston: kluwer, 2001); david kaiser, drawing theories apart: the dispersion of feynman diagrams in postwar physics (chicago: univ. of chicago pr., 2005). 24. for more examples and a general description of feynman diagrams, see http://www2.slac.stanford.edu/vvc/theory/ feynman.html. 25. an enlarged version of this diagram may be found online. ronald j. murray and barbara b. tillett, “frbr paper tool diagram elements and the frbr resource description graphs they depict,” aug. 2011, http://arizona.openrepository.com/ arizona/bitstream/10150/139769/2/fig%208%20frbr%20 paper%20tool%20elements%20and%20graphs.pdf. other informative illustrations also are available. murray and tillett, “resource description diagram supplement to ‘cataloging theory in search of graph theory and other ivory towers. object: cultural heritage resource description networks,” aug. 2011, http://hdl.handle.net/10150/139769. 26. thomas s. kühn, the structure of scientific revolutions, 2nd ed. (chicago: univ. of chicago pr., 1970). 27. daniel vila suero, “use case report,” world wide web consortium, june 27, 2011, http://www.w3.org/2005/ incubator/lld/wiki/usecasereport. 5. david c. hay, uml and data modeling: a vade mecum for modern times (bradley beach, n.j.: technics pr., forthcoming 2011): 124–25. some scholars argue that decisions as to what the things of interest are and the categories they belong to are influenced by social and political factors. geoffrey c. bowker, susan leigh star, sorting things out: classification and its consequences (cambridge, mass.: mit pr., 1999). 6. gerald holton, “the roots of complementarity,” daedalus 117, no. 3 (1988): 151–97, http://www.jstor.org/stable/20023980 (accessed feb. 24, 2011). 7. niels bohr, quoted in aage petersen, “the philosophy of niels bohr,” bulletin of the atomic scientists 19, no. 7 (sept. 1963): 12. 8. niels bohr, “quantum physics and philosophy: causality and complementarity,” in essays 1958–1962 on atomic physics and human knowledge (woodbridge, conn.: ox bow, 1997): 7. 9. for cataloging theorists, the description of cultural heritage things of interest yields groups of statements that occupy different levels of abstraction. upon regarding a certain physical object, a marketer describes product features, a linguist enumerates utterances, a scholar perceives a work with known or inferred relationships to other works, and so on. 10. marcia ascher, ethnomathematics: a multicultural view of mathematical ideas (pacific grove, calif.: brooks/cole, 1991); ascher, mathematics elsewhere: an exploration of ideas across cultures (princeton: princeton univ. pr., 2002). 11. a timeline of events, people, and so on that have had or should have had an impact on describing cultural heritage resources is available online. seven fields or subfields are represented in the timeline and keyed by color: library & information science; mathematics; ethnomathematics; physical sciences; biological sciences; computer science; and arts & literature. ronald j. murray, “the library organization problem,” dipity .com, aug. 2011, http://www.dipity.com/rmur/libraryorganization-problem/ or http://www.dipity.com/rmur/ library-organization-problem/?mode=fs (fullscreen view). 12. barbara ann barnett tillett, “bibliographic relationships: toward a conceptual structure of bibliographic information used in cataloging” (phd diss., university of california, los angeles, 1987); elaine svenonius, the intellectual foundation of information organization (cambridge, mass.: mit pr., 2000): 32–51. svenonius’s definition is opposed to database implementations that permitted boolean operations on records at retrieval time. 13. ronald j. murray, “the graph-theoretical library,” slideshare.net, july 5 2011, http://www.slideshare.net/ ronmurray/-the-graph-theoretical-library. 14. francis j. witty, “the pinakes of callimachus,” library quarterly 28, no. 1–4 (1958): 132–36. 15. ronald j. murray, “re-imagining the bibliographic universe: frbr, physics, and the world wide web,” slideshare .net, oct. 22 2010, http://www.slideshare.net/ronmurray/frbrphysics-and-the-world-wide-web-revised. 16. for an overview of the technology-driven library linked data initiative, see http://linkeddata.org/faq. murray’s analyses of cultural heritage resource descriptions may be explored in a series of slideshows at http://www.slideshare.net/ronmurray/. 17. pat riva, martin doerr, and maja žumer, “frbroo: enabling a common view of information from memory institutions,” international cataloging & bibliographic control 38, no. 2 (june 2009): 30–34. 184 information technology and libraries | december 2011 36. the multimedia mash-up in figure 10 was linked to the much larger moby-dick structure depicted in figure 9. the combination of the two yields figure 10a, which is too detailed for printout but which can be downloaded for inspection as the following pdf file: ronald j. murray and barbara b. tillett, “transfer and transformation of content across cultural heritage resources: a moby-dick resource description network covering full-length printings from 1851–1976*,” july 2011, http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/bitstream/10150/136270/4/fig%2010a%20orson%20whales%20 in%20moby%20dick%20context.pdf. in the figure, two print publications have been expanded to reveal their own similar mash-up structure. 37. robert darnton, poetry and the police: communication networks in eighteenth-century paris (cambridge, mass.: belknap pr. of harvard univ. pr., 2010): 16. 38. ronald j. murray in a discussion with robert darnton, sept. 20, 2010. darnton considered the poems retrieved from the archives as distinct intellectual creations, which permitted the use of frbr diagram elements for the analysis. otherwise, a paper tool with diagram elements based on the archival descriptive standard isad(g) would have been used. committee on descriptive standards, isad (g): general international standard archival description (stockholm, sweden, 1999– ). 39. the complete poetry communication diagram may be viewed at http://arizona.openrepository.com/arizona/ bitstream/10150/136270/6/fig%2011%20poetry%20commun ication%20network.pdf. 40. carole l. palmer, lauren c. teffeau, and carrie m. pittman, scholarly information practices for the online environment: themes from the literature and implications for library science development (dublin, ohio: oclc research, 2009), http://www . o c l c . o rg / p ro g r a m s / p u b l i c a t i o n s / re p o r t s / 2 0 0 9 0 2 . p d f (accessed july 15, 2011). 41. g. f. b. riemann, quoted in marvin j. greenberg, euclidean and non-euclidean geometry: development and history (new york: freeman, 2008): 371. 28. wikipedia.org, “use case,” june 13, 2011, http://en .wikipedia.org/wiki/use_case. 29. kaiser, drawing theories, 385–86. 30. prime examples being jacques derrida’s typographically complex 1974 work glas (univ. of nebraska pr.), and reality hunger: a manifesto (vintage), david shield’s 2011 textual mashup on the topic of originality, authenticity, and mash-ups in general. 31. graeme simsion, data modeling: theory and practice (bradley beach, n.j.: technics, 2007): 333. 32. herman melville, moby-dick (new york: harper & brothers; london: richard bentley, 1851). moby-dick edition publication history excerpted from g. thomas tanselle, checklist of editions of moby-dick 1851–1976. issued on the occasion of an exhibition at the newberry library commemorating the 125th anniversary of its original publication (evanston, ill.: northwestern univ. pr.; chicago: newberry library, 1976). 33. ronald j. murray, “from moby-dick to mash-ups: thinking about bibliographic networks,” slideshare.net, apr. 2011, http://www.slideshare.net/ronmurray/from-mobydick-to-mashups-revised. the moby-dick resource description diagram was presented to the american library association committee on cataloging: description and access at the ala annual conference, washington d.c., july 2010. 34. the life and works of herman melville, melville.org, july 25, 2000, http://melville.org. 35. the new york artist alex itin describes his creation: “it is more or less a birthday gift to myself. i’ve been drawing it on every page of moby dick (using two books to get both sides of each page) for months. the soundtrack is built from searching ‘moby dick’ on youtube (i was looking for orson’s preacher from the the [sic] john huston film) . . . you find tons of led zep [sic] and drummers doing bonzo and a little orson . . . makes for a nice melville in the end. cinqo [sic] de mayo i turn forty. ahhhhhhh the french champagne.” quoted from alex itin, “orson whales,” youtube, jan. 2011, http://www.youtube .com/watch?v=2_3-gem6o_g. college and research libraries 50th ~nniversary featureyesterday's heresytoday' s orthodoxy: an essay on the changing face of descriptive cataloging michael gorman this article analyses four descriptive cataloging orthodoxies of the past-corporate authorship, uniform personal headings, the main entry, and the dominance of the card catalog-and contends that each has been overthrown, overtly or covertly. it contrasts the views of cutter and panizzi, mostly in the latter's favor, and alludes to the pronouncements of nineteenth and twentieth century luminaries and committees on the matters under discussion. the ways in which the marc format has influenced descriptive cataloging, for good and ill, are also treated. the article closes with a plea for reason and the application of utilitarian principles. rthodoxy is my doxy; heterodoxy is another man's doxy," said bishop warburton to lord sandwich. descriptive cataloging, that pleasant backwater of human endeavor, is as subject to the kind of situational ethics that the eighteenth century divine had in mind as is any other area of human thought. the good bishop thought of opinions and dogmas in terms of the frailties of the flesh ("doxy: a loose wench ... sometimes: mistress," webster's third new international dictionary), which tells us a good deal about the anglican church in the bad old days. i think it is as valid to think about orthodoxies and heresy in terms of chronology. in the last thirty years, we who are involved in descriptive cataloging have seen heresies become dogmas and wild speculations become received opinions. i, as have many others, have changed some of my opinions and have seen some other opinions move from the fringes to embodiment in the very codes that regulate the largest and most influential body of descriptive cataloging-that of the anglo-american tradition. i seek in this essay to describe some of the changes that have occurred in descriptive cataloging of the anglo-american tradition in the last fifty years. the most remarkable features of those changes are the way in which seemingly impregnable bastions of orthodoxy have been revealed to be as transient as sand castles and the way in which, on some occasions, the guardians of the descriptive cataloging establishment (the national libraries, the library associations, ifla, and the rest) have proved to be as nimble as adagio dancers in adapting to the accommodation of premichael connan is dean of library services at california state university, fresno, california 93740. this paper is a revised version of an essay which is part of a festschrift in honour of peter lewis, the recently retired director-general of the bibliographic services division of the british library. the festschrift, eating the menus, edited by ross bourne, was published by the british library in 1989. 626 viously abhorrent ideas. corporate authorship corporate authorship is as good a place to begin as any. the saintly and ingenious sir anthony panizzi (the fons et origo of the anglo-american cataloging tradition) rejected all but the smallest smidgeon of corporate authorship in his ninety-one rules. it was charles ammi cutter who began the whole farrago with his breezy observation ''i think that the american practice of regarding bodies of men as the authors of their own journals, proceedings, etc. . . . is preferable to the german practice of dispersing these works throughout the alphabet ... " (note the two kinds of chauvinism so characteristic of the period.) he went on, in his rules for descriptive cataloging, to state that "bodies of men are to be considered to be the authors of works published in their name or by their authority.'' it is interesting to see that the robust "bodies of men" (redolent of kipling at his most strenuous) are not flatly stated to be authors but are merely to . be considered to be such. however hedged his rule might have been, the fact remains that cutter had begun to stir the witches' cauldron of corporate authorship. the nineteenth century, the time of the single author giants of descriptive cataloging, was succeeded (with almost uncanny chronological neatness) by the time of the corporate creation of the anglo-american cataloging codes. since the committees that were responsible for those codes were corporate entities, is it any wonder that they espoused the concept of corporate authorship? that could be accepted as mere human frailty. what is almost inexcusable is the baroque indulgence with which they elaborated on the fundamentally silly idea. cutter's "bodies of men" were succeeded by the rube goldberg elaborations of the distinctions between societies and institutions and the ultimate absurdities of (for example) rules for observatories located outside municipalities and for institutions located in several places. as the years whirled down the alleys of time (1908, 1937, 1941, 1949), the whole crazy structure of corporate authorship became less and less stable. what yesterday's heresy 627 was needed was a dose of common sense to challenge the central idiocy of corporate authorship. cometh the hour, cometh the man (or woman). it was the great seymour lubetzky who dealt the first hammer blow. it was eva verona who finally demolished the whole thing. lubetzky assailed the corporate complex and tried to introduce logic into the application of the idea of corporate authorship. the only problem was that the notion of a corporate body being ''chiefly responsible for the intellectual or artistic content'' of a work is, except in certain narrow and infrequent cases, inherently implausible. even lubetzky's powerful mind was incapable of pulling off the trick of rationalizing the absurd. ''the notion of a corporate body being 'chiefly responsible for the intellectual or artistic content' of a work is, except in certain narrow and infrequent cases, inherently implausible." in the paris principles of 1961, a work that emanated from a conference that was dominated by lubetzkyan reformist ideas, we find reference to "entry under corporate body'' and provisions that are considerably less sweeping than they might appear to the casual reader. what this section of the principles represents is a political compromise between the anglo-american comprehensive view of corporate authorship and the much narrower provisions for corporate entry found in the descriptive cataloging codes of continental europe. corporate authorship is not mentioned in the principles, but entry under a corporate body is allowed in numerous cases. the idea behind the principles was that they were to form the basis for international standardization and that the future codes that took them as their bases would be in conformity. alas, the loo.seness of their wording, which was made necessary by the political compromises that made the paris meeting 628 college & research libraries ''work,'' made it possible for new national codes to drive a coach and horses through the idea of international uniformity. nowhere is this more apparent than in the use that was made of the section on corporate entry. the first edition of the angloamerican cataloging rules (aacr), in both its british and north american manifestations, explicitly embraced the concept of corporate authorship while cl~­ ing to be based on the paris principl~) at more or less the same time, european codes were published which did exactly the opposite while also claiming to be based on those self-same principles. but 'twas a famous victory! the reaction was not long in coming. seeing that the ambiguity of the paris principles had made it possible for national and international catalog4tg codes to remain far apart on a vital conceptual question, the ifla committee on cataloguing encouraged eva verona to do a study of corporate headings (published in 1975 as corporate headings: their use in library catalogues and national bibliographies: a comparative and critical study) which espoused the continental european idea that there is no such thing as a corporate author, though the limited use of corporate main entry headings in author catalogs may be justified. this distinction has the whiff of angels and pins that is characteristic of much of descriptive cataloging theory, but it did lead to an important theoretical and practical change in the second edition of the anglo-american cataloguing rules (1978). for the first time since panizzi, a major english language cataloging code abandoned the idea of corporate authorship and limited the application of corporate main entry to five (later six, see aacr2r, 1988) narrowly defined categories of works that (in the careful, if slightly otherworldly, term used in the code) "emanate" from corporate bodies. thus it was that the orthodoxy of corporate authorship was overthrown and the heretical "german practice" that cutter decried reigned in its place. the ultimate irony is that one of the categories allowed main entry by aacr2 is probably the only true case of corporate authorship that has ever been. the provision to enter sound november 1989 and video recordings and other works created by a performing group under the name of the group seems to me to be a recognition of a plain fact. that fact is that it is hard to dispute that, say, the rolling stones are the authors of sound recordings that contain songs that the group has written, performed, and produced. so, as corporate authors steal from the scene to be replaced by a few "emanators," modem society and technology have given us a type of material in which corporate authorship is indisputable. uniform personal headings charles ammi cutter was, in paul dunkin's phraseology, the prophet upon whose dicta the law of our cataloging codes was based. his most mosaic utterance is to be found in his famous objects of a dictionary catalog. those few statements have been the cause of much that is good about the cataloging codes that took them unquestioningly as their basis. they have also been the cause of some persistent error and of some misunderstanding. i have never seen it pointed out that, for instance, the very first "object" makes little or no sense. it reads "to enable the reader to find a book of which . . . the author is known.'' the fact is, of course, that if one knows nothing of a book other than the name of its author, it will be impossible to locate that book with complete confidence. even if, in such a case, one were to find only one entry in a catalog under the name of that author, how would one know with ontological certainty that that entry represented the only book in the world by that author? the first object should read ''to enable the reader to find a book of which . . . the author and something else, preferably the title, is known." the most serious flaw in the objects, however, lies not in the first but in the fourth. this reads "to show what the library has by a given author." the way in which this object is to be achieved is stated to be "author entry with the necessary references." in other words, the works of an author are to be gathered together under a standard heading in all cases-even when an author uses different forms of his or her name or when an author uses two or more different names. this ruling by the prophet was among the most orthodox of the cataloging orthodoxies for nearly a hundred years. it caused a great deal of mischief. works identified with one name were, until comparatively recently, to be found under other names in catalogs and, in american libraries at least-because of the infamous cutter-sanborn numbers-to be located on the shelves in a place other than that in which the average sensual library user would look for them. ''this orthodoxy-that all the works of a person should be collocated regardless of the inconvenience to the majority of library users-need never have happened." this orthodoxy-that all the works of a person should be collocated regardless of the inconvenience to the majority of library users-need never have happened. that it did so is the product of two unfortunate happenings-neither of them, to my mind, the fault of the late c. a. cutter. the first is that in this matter, as in so many others, we were following the wrong prophet. the pragmatism and intellect of anthony panizzi had come to a very different conclusion. in the forty-first of his ninety-one rules for the compilation of the catalogue panizzi stated, ''in the case of pseudonymous publications, the book to be catalogued under the author's feigned name . . . " and, in the forty-second rule, ''assumed names . . . to be treated as real names." how much easier the life of the library user would have been had the cataloging profession followed the haloenglish prophet rather than the american! all the works of the multinamed ms. hibbert and mr. creasey (not to mention lauran bosworth paine, who is to pseudonyms what argus was to eyes) would have been entered in the catalog and found on the shelves under the names by which those worthies wished them to be identified. "what of scholarship?" i hear the traditionalists cry. ''what of the need for the researcher to survey all the works yesterday's heresy 629 of an author in one place?" there are three answers to those questions. the first is that scholarship begins when the book is in hand and does not consist of or comprise the arduous searching for materials that is imposed on the would-be scholar by ill-organized library catalogs. the second is that the rules of panizzi were followed for many a long year in the british museum's general catalogue of printed books-a work that a number of scholars have found to be a boon rather than an impediment to scholarship. the third answer is best put in the form of an existential question, "what is an author?" this latter question leads to the second error that i believe to have bedeviled the question of the entry of persons using two or more names. when cutter referred to ''the works of an author'' we seem to have assumed that he meant "the works of a person.'' i have always maintained that one person can be two or more authors. there is a well-known story of queen victoria being so entranced by the first of the ''alice'' books that she begged the reverend dodgson to send her his next book as soon as it was issued. she was rewarded for her importunity, some six months later, by the receipt of a huge tome on symbolic logic or some such. this illustrates that she may have been asking the right person but was certainly asking the wrong author. supposing cutter had meant that distinction all along? that is unlikely because his own rules follow the old orthodoxy on this question. however, prophets have been known to misinterpret their own prophecy and it could be that the cutter who, shaman-like, promulgated the objects was wiser than the less exalted cutter who wrote his justly famous rules. the paris principles were the last statement of the old orthodoxy on multiple names. they flatly prescribed a single uniform heading for each person consisting of the name most frequently found in ''his [sic] works." the 1967 aacr prescribed a single heading for such persons but gave an alternative rule that allowed entry for each work to be under the name that the author used in manifestations of that work. this, though a tip of the hat to real630 college & research libraries ity, was of small utility in a time when standardization was rapidly moving from being an ideal to becoming a necessity. it was, after all, a scant year later that saw the beginnings of the marc format and all the implications for cooperation that format represented. in 1978, aacr2 tried to wrestle with the problem anew. it revived the idea of a predominant name (thus consigning the works of the immensely serious reverend dodgson to the heading for the frivolous lewis carroll) but allowed as how, if no predominant name could be found, each work could be entered under the name found in its manifestations. this was superior to the aacr version because it prescribed only one rule and because it allowed multiple headings for certain persons. it did, however, still strive for a single heading when one could be found and it left a large grey area in which catalogers could contend happily and unendingly about whether a name was or was not "predominant." the 1988 aacr2r has taken a completely different tack-one that signifies the end, stated or not, of the old cutterian orthodoxy. for the first time, a code recognizes that one person may have two or more bibliographic identities. for example, the poet c. day lewis is one bibliographic identity and the mystery story writer nicholas blake another, despite the fact that, outside their books, they were one and the same person. aacr2 also prescribes multiple headings for "contemporary authors" (a phrase of seductive ambiguity that could return to haunt us). thus we see that, in the 148 years since panizzi's ninety-one rules, we have gone from his multiple entries for persons using different names to the iron orthodoxy of the standard heading for each person to a code (aacr2r) that embodies the panizzian heresy as the new orthodoxy. main entry i have so far identified two areas, corporate authorship and headings for persons using more than one name, in which, in my view, the good guys finally won and the unhelpful orthodoxies of the past have been swept away in favor of a more sensible and user-oriented approach. the next november 1989 orthodoxy, that of the dreaded main entry, still lingers on as, in the family of catalogers, the mad uncle in the attic that everyone wishes would go away but stays, in apparent good health, as an embarrassment to one and all. it has been pointed out, time after weary time, that the notion of the main entry-that is, a heading that is the chief access point and, thus, of more importance than the other "added" access points-is one that belongs to a longgone era of library technology. the book catalog has, to the sadness of some, gone the way of the dinosaurs. like them, it was too large and slow moving to survive in a changing world. one can see the attractions of the main entry in such a context. in the time of homemade catalog cards, the weary task of typing or writing the cards is ameliorated if all the information is given on only one card, the others being quasi-references. (when bad librarians die, they are sent to a special bibliographic hell in which they type and file catalog cards for all eternity.) however, the library of congress has been supplying printed cards for nigh on a century and such have been available from other sources for all of the last half of this century. why then do we persist in the foolishness of the main entry, devoting 72 pages out of the 677 (over 10 percent) of aacr2r to this perfectly absurd topic? there are those, most notably seymour lubetzky, who base their support for main entry on philosophical grounds. there are those who drag in ancillary topics such as single-entry list~gs and, gawd help us, cutter-sanborn numbers (the only bibliographic feature more futile than the main entry). there are those who see the main entry heading as a useful organizing device in classified catalogs, shelf lists, and the like. i find none of these arguments persuasive and am perfectly certain that the main entry is a bibliographic ghost that haunts current and future machine systems. the true reason why the orthodoxy of the main entry still prevails is that it is required by the marc format. people used to write articles called ''is the main entry dead?" the answer to that question is "yes, but the marc format has embalmed it." marc is, essentially, a catalog card encoded for machine manipulation. this fact (disputed as it may be by revisionist historians) has had many sad consequences. one of them is that the hapless cataloger in the wanning years of the twentieth century still has to decide which access point she or he is to put in the "1)0(" field, and, therefore, needs those otherwise unnecessary seventy-two pages of the cataloging code. is the situation hopeless? i think not. committees and catalog code editors may continue-boats beating against the current-to affirm the importance of the main entry. the crushing weight of the marc establishment may forbid the kind of reconstruction of marc of which the abolition of main entry is but a part. like the austro-hungarian empire, however, the glittering surface is but a shadow and the realities press ever inward. in many existing online catalogs and, i would suggest, in all online catalogs to be, there is no operational distinction between a main entry ''heading'' and added entry ''headings." either will take the user directly, via a visible or invisible authority record, to the relevant bibliographic records. the online catalog is not content with the subversion of the idea of the main entry. the user can get to the relevant authority record and on to relevant bibliographic records, as she or he can in an even halfwaydecent online system, from not only any type of access point but also from any form of an access point. this simple fact subverts most of the bases of our cataloging codes and of the marc record that so sedulously apes the conventions of those codes. in the real world of the electronic catalog, there is no practical difference between main and added access points and there is no practical difference between an access point and a reference to that access point. this means that the whole of the second part of aacr2 is of only marginal relevance to the creation of records for online systems. it seems as though the old orthodoxy reigns, as though distinctions between kinds of access point and between forms of access point really matter. in fact, the biggest heresy of all is triumphant in all but the codes and the trappings of the cataloging establishment. yesterday's heresy 631 ironically, bibliographic description, so long the poor relation of cataloging, has · proved to be the most stable and unquestioned element of the cataloging process. at the same time, the assignment of headings, for so long the glamour area, has become more and more marginal, and this aspect of descriptive cataloging, which dominated all our codes up to aacr2, may be a small part of future cataloging codes. how are the mighty fallen! ''the assignment of headings, for so long the glamour area, has become more and more marginal, and this aspect of descriptive cataloging, which dominated all our codes up to aacr2, may be a small part of future cataloging codes.'' how long will we go on pretending that the emperor marc ii is fully clothed? it is hard to say; the ability of those involved in cataloging to ignore the patently obvious seems above the human norm, and the vested interests of the national libraries, the creators and peddlers of marc-based systems, and of national cataloging committees are both numerous and powerful. it does seem, however, that no human system can live indefinitely with the kind of internal contradiction represented by the forms of marc and the cataloging codes on the one hand and the realities of online bibliographic access on the other. card catalogs when i began to work in libraries (when anthony eden was prime minister and hampstead was still a borough and not just a state of mind), the form of the catalog seemed immutable. the long history of the provision of catalog cards by the library of congress had affected american libraries immeasurably and the provision of a similar service by the british national bibliography was burgeoning. my first glimpse of the technology of cataloging was of an object that looked like an iron spinning wheel being wielded by our 632 college & research libraries head cataloger (who had, utterly irrelevantly but to my fascination, been piet mondrian' s landlady during hitler's war) so that it produced metal plates with catalog records embossed on them. the good lady actually pecked out the entries letter by letter, a task that involved a lot of physical exertion. my job was to be the understrapper to another lady who produced, on another alarming looking and inky machine, the requisite sets of catalog cards for the main and branch catalogs. the thing that struck me like a thunderbolt was how clever it was to produce a lot of standard entries and add the different headings rather than to type out each card in a set. i was at a very impressionable age but it still, more than three decades later, seems like a pretty good idea. the point of these autobiographical ramblings is not just to recall the dear dead days but to point out how utterly everything has changed about the physical form of our catalogs. the orthodoxy of the period was that the card catalog was the ne plus ultra of catalogs and that advances in technology, up to and including the marc format, would be devoted to the speedier and more cost-effective production of those 3by-5-inch cards. the only dissension that i can recall came from those who, rather than foreseeing new kinds of catalogs, predicted a future in which catalogs (and, indeed, libraries) would be irrelevant. i forget which particular kind of "patent double million magnifyin' gas microscope of hextra power'' was going to accomplish this great feat, but the paperless society boys were with us then as now. ''the card catalog orthodoxy has been completely demolished." the card catalog orthodoxy has been completely demolished. planning to maintain a card catalog indefinitely in any but the tiniest libraries is the bibliographic equivalent of wearing spats. how could this have happened in such a relatively short time? the answer is, i think, twofold. one is that the computer revolution november 1989 has transformed almost an the practical aspects of life in the soi-disant first world. this is inescapable but easily confused by the easily confused. in our particular neck of the woods, many, including some librarians and almost all ''information scientists," are seduced by the transformation of the practical aspects of life into a belief that the nature of things has changed. they believe that the fundamentals of librarianship are different when, of course, it is the means of carrying out our abiding mission that has changed. in the case of cataloging, we have always wanted to make our materials as accessible as possible in as speedy a manner as could be. we have always wanted to create huge cooperative union catalogs (a concept as old, almost, as librarianship itself). we have always wanted to share the burden of cataloging with others. we have always sought to standardize cataloging procedures. the century and a half of anglo-american cataloging codes stands witness to the latter. what has changed is that we now have a technology that enables us to do the things for which we have hungered. the second reason for the overthrow of the card catalog is luck. in many ways we have blundered into the future. by and large, our fortune is' that schemes toward one end have, happily, ended up by producing another and better result. the most obvious example of this latter is the marc format. despite its many shortcomings and despite the fact that its true origin was the sustaining of the library of congress' immensely profitable card service and, in britain, maximizing the cost-efficiency of the production of the british national bibliography and its cards, marc has proved to be a mechanism that has made the creation and maintenance of online systems possible. this is not to say that it would have been far better had we had a format that was rethought to deal with the necessities of computerized catalogs. it is merely to say that marc, the only available system, proved, almost by accident, to be up to the · task. another example of backing into the truth is the formation of the bibliographic networks-most notably the oclc meganetwork-that were intended to provide shared cataloging (mostly via the provision of catalog cards) and have ended up being the providers of marc tapes for local online catalogs; the providers of effective interlibrary loan services; the potential providers of cd-rom catalogs and other high-tech wonders; and the only effective and current union catalogs in the whole history of librarianship. in the future they will, no doubt, provide hitherto undreamed of service to automated libraries (for example, direct connection to pr~·v te sector indexing and abstracting se ~ es for libraries with online systems). i app ud all these present and future good things, merely pausing to remark that those who see in this progress the fulfillment of deep and prescient plans are surrendering to the human desire to believe that those in authority have been vouchsafed some wisdom to which we cannot aspire. the truth is that most of what has been predicted about the future of the catalog has proved to be wrong and that most of the advances in the technology of the catalog have been the result of happenstance and the ability of a strategically placed few to recognize an opportunity when it swims into their ken. the future it is my view, then, that the orthodoxies about, inter alia, corporate authorship, the treatment of persons using two or more names as authors, the main entry, and the forms in which catalogs are preyesterday's heresy 633 sented to the library user have been overthrown, either overtly or covertly. does this mean that they have been replaced by new and equally foolish orthodoxies? i think not. it is my belief and my hope that we are in a time of realism in the field of cataloging-a time in which dogma and theory are being forced to yield place to the exigencies of the practice of librarianship in the electronic world of today. i am, in librarianship as in other aspects of life, a benthamite. if one believes in the greatest happiness of the greatest number and applies that belief to the wonderfully democratic catalogs that modern technology has made possible, discussions of the arcana of cataloging become less and less relevant, if no less absorbing to the surviving handful of cataloging mavens. cutter famously wrote of the passing of the golden age of cataloging (in 1904). i do not believe that age has passed or, in fact, has yet been achieved. the age of the petty discussion of petty aspects of the lore of cataloging may well have passed, but the age of the creation and maintenance of catalogs that meet the needs of the mass of people-catalogs based on utility rather than dogma-has only just begun. o'shaughnessy wrote . . . each age is a dream that is dying or one that is coming to birth we can still be, in his famous words "the dreamers of dreams," as long as we remember that the death of orthodoxy can lead to freedom and to a new and better world. references 1. a. l.a. cataloging rules for author and title entries, 2d ed., ed. clara beetle (chicago: american library assn., 1949), 265p. 2. anglo-american cataloging rules, prep. by american library association and others, general ed. c. sumner spalding, north american text (chicago: american library assn., 1967}, 400p. 3. anglo-american cataloguing rules, 2d ed., ed. michael gorman and paul w. winkler (chicago: american library assn., ottawa: canadian library assn., 1978}, 620p. 4. anglo-american cataloguing rules, 2d ed., ed. michael gorman and paul w. winkler, 1988 rev. (ottawa: canadian library assn.; london: library assn. publishing; chicago: american library assn., 1988}, 677p. 5. catalog rules, author and title entries, comp. by committees of american library assn. and (british) library assn., american ed. (chicago: american library assn., 1908), 88p. 6. charles a. cutter, rules for a dictionary catalog, 4th ed. (washington, d.c.: govt. print. off., 1904), 173p. (special report on public libraries, part ii, u.s. bureau of education). 634 college & research libraries november 1989 7. paul s. dunkin, cataloging usa (chicago: american library assn., 1969), 159p. 8. seymour lubetzky, cataloging rules and principles: a critique of the ala rules for entry and a proposed design for their revision (washington, d.c.: library of congress, 1953), 65p. 9. anthony panizzi, rules for the compilation of the catalogue. the catalogue of printed books in the british museum, v.1 (london: british museum, 1841). 10. [paris principles]. statement of principles adopted at the international conference on cataloguing principles, paris, oct. 1961, annot. ed., with commentary and examples by eva verona and others (london: ifla committee on cataloguing, 1971). 11. eva verona, corporate headings: their use in library catalogues and national bibliographies: a comparative and critical study (london: ifla committee on cataloguing, 1975). in january 1990 college & research libraries the paradox of public service: where do we draw the line? by rebecca r. martin reviving a retrospective conversion project: strategies to complete the task by jay lambrecht a social history of madness; or, who's buying this round? anticipating and avoiding gaps in collection development by paul metz and bela foltin the representational rights of academic librarians: their status as managerial employees and/or supervisors under the national labor relations act by ronald l. gilardi the serial/monograph ratio in research libraries: budgeting in light of citation studies by robin b. devin and martha kellogg the do-it-yourself move for a 1.5 million-volume library by pauline s. bayne untitled-2 empirical examination of subject headings 129 an empirical examination of subject headings for women’s studies core materials kristin h. gerhard, mila c. su, and charlotte c. rubens the acrl women’s studies section technical services committee in­ vestigated the assignment of subject headings to core works in women’s studies. annotations for the works were compared with subject head­ ings on oclc cataloging copy, mainly created by the library of con­ gress. inadequacies were identified and traced to three sources: inad­ equacy of terminology, the complexities of assigning headings in inter­ disciplinary and/or emerging fields, and standard cataloging practices. recommendations for amelioration of these problems are made. he technical services commit­ tee of the acrl’s women’s studies section focuses on is­ sues related to access and other relevant practices in areas such as ac­ quisitions, cataloging, classification, and preservation. membership on the c o m m i t t e e i n c l u d e s b o t h t e c h n i c a l services and reference librarians. in 1992, the committee compiled a bib­ liography on issues in subject access to women’s studies materials. there was a great deal of important enu­ merative and impressionistic work describing deficiencies in subject ac­ cess to women’s studies literature, in­ cluding calls and suggestions for im­ proved access. however, no empirical study had been published that identified specific changes needed to improve ba­ sic access to the core literature in the field. the study described below, designed and carried out by the group, seeks to rem­ edy this situation. second, there has been no system­ atic evaluation of cataloger knowl­ edge in terms of appropriate appli­ cations of women’s studies subject headings. this study gives a prelimi­ nary glimpse into cataloger knowledge and identifies some fruitful areas for further research. kristin h. gerhard is catalog librarian/associate professor in parks library at iowa state university; email: kgerhard@iastate.edu. mila c. su is associate librarian/reference coordinator in the robert e. eiche library at pennsylvania state university; e-mail: mcs@psulias.psu.edu. charlotte c. rubens is head of interlibrary services in the university of california berkeley library at the university of califor­ nia-berkeley; e-mail crubens@library.berkeley.edu. in addition to the three authors, seven other librarians participated in planning this study, collecting data, and discussing the raw results. they were: shelley almgren, oklahoma panhandle state university; daren callahan, southern illinois university; anne moore, boston college; susanne nevin, st. olaf college; g. margaret porter, university of notre dame; françoise puniello, rutgers university; and debbie tenofsky, university of illinois at chicago. 129 mailto:crubens@library.berkeley.edu mailto:mcs@psulias.psu.edu mailto:kgerhard@iastate.edu 130 college & research libraries march 1998 literature review three major areas addressed in the litera­ ture contribute to concerns about subject access in women’s studies: subject head­ ing terminology, the nature of interdisci­ plinary studies, and the cataloging pro­ cess. subject heading terminology the terminology chosen for library of congress subject headings (lcsh) is the most immediately obvious source of sub­ ject access problems. more than one au­ thor has pointed out sexist language and limited concepts reflected in the lcsh.1 sanford berman’s book on lc subject headings for people documents sexism throughout lcsh; joan k. marshall’s on equal terms documented extensive prob­ lems with subject headings about women.2–3 according to judith hudson and victoria a. mills, alcsh reflects a white male bias in its representation of the world: men are the norm and women, the exception. the fact that lcsh con­ tains sexist and biased terminology has troubled many librarians for years.4 another problem with lcsh terminol­ ogy is that precise subject headings may be lacking. hudson and mills note that, “[b]ecause the library of congress is of­ ten slow to add or change subject head­ ings relating to women, the terminology used to provide subject analysis is often neither current nor specific.”5 hope olson, on examining a sample of 100 bib­ liographic records, finds that almost 50 percent of the sample has less than use­ ful headings; she describes lcsh as “weak in addressing women-centered re­ search topics.”6 interdisciplinary nature oj women's studies the interdisciplinary nature of women’s studies complicates subject cataloging of its materials. materials are assessed by catalogers in order to determine the pri­ mary subject area upon which both the classification and the first subject head­ ing are based. in the case of interdiscipli­ nary materials, this determination may result in assignment of overly broad sub­ ject headings. there is a further compli­ cation in the case of women’s studies. ellen gay detlefson raises the issue that women’s studies material is not the same as material about women.7 subject head­ ings designed to describe material about women (generally discipline specific) may not be suitable to describe women’s studies materials (generally interdiscipli­ nary). women’s studies provides funda­ mentally new, integrative approaches to many established topics, but this is diffi­ cult to bring out when describing these materials using lcsh. olson, for ex­ ample, details four basic orientations of feminist research and notes specific defi­ ciencies in the lcsh in describing each of the four categories.8 in themselves, however, boolean and key word searching do not solve access difficulties. where multiple subject headings are available and appropriately assigned, technological advances with databases and online catalogs and the use of bool­ ean and key word searching have im­ proved accessibility for women’s studies materials. in themselves, however, bool­ ean and key word searching do not solve access difficulties. loretta p. koch and barbara g. preece refer to various discus­ sions about the interdisciplinary nature of women’s studies, pointing out that, too often, terms can be too broad for “mean­ ingful searching.”9 cindy faries and patricia a. scott highlight the problems: since the average user has neither the time nor the inclination to mas­ ter the intricacies of library of con­ gress subject headings, library staff must do so. to avoid the difficulties of subject searching, users often rely on poorly constructed keyword empirical examination of subject headings 131 searches that result in a discourag­ ing overabundance of hits.10 although automation of catalogs has helped to improve access to resources, it does not remove the responsibility of those who provide or assign subject head­ ings to be diligent in clearly identifying correct headings. the cataloging process the cataloging process raises several is­ sues. first, subject headings assigned may not accurately or completely reflect the subject content of the item. this may be due to time constraints, cataloger unfa­ miliarity with the subject area, or failure to review pertinent information such as the introduction, preface, or table of con­ tents. many times, broad or inaccurate subject headings are assigned. where appropriate subject headings exist, they may not be used as frequently as neces­ sary to provide precise access. olson highlights this in her evaluation of head­ ings assigned to a hundred titles by the library of congress. her first recommen­ dation for improving access is that “the library of congress follow its own prin­ ciple of specific entry and use its own subject headings to their fullest poten­ tial.”11 margaret n. rogers points out that heading formulation is influenced, among other factors, by “the views of the selector who does the books the library of congress has in a given field.”12 some help is available to catalogers handling women’s studies materials. in women in lc’s terms, ruth dickstein, victoria a. mills, and ellen j. waite collected, re­ viewed, and organized “subject headings used for women and topics of relevance to women’s lives.”13 their intent was to help meet the needs of both catalogers and researchers by identifying and gath­ ering established lcsh terminology into one source. second, the heavy reliance of academic libraries on copy cataloging, while en­ hancing cataloging efficiency, means that any problems in the initial assignment of subject headings are likely to perpetuate themselves. the initially assigned subject headings may not reflect the subject of the material accurately. according to olson, “virtually no library using widely ac­ cepted controlled vocabularies such as lcsh relies entirely on original catalog­ ing. most library cataloging comes from a shared source such as a bibliographic utility. therefore, good subject access de­ pends not only upon the standard sys­ tem (lcsh), but also on the quality of cataloging copy contributed.”14 because original cataloging is not used commonly, copy cataloging can perpetuate imprecise description. one cannot assume that cata­ loging copy will be rechecked in subse­ quent libraries for appropriateness or ad­ equacy of subject headings. third, cataloging norms and standards suggest that each work be assigned a fairly limited number of subject headings. susan e. searing observes that this is more damaging to subject access in the long run than the limits of lcsh terminology.15 in her words, computerization makes it feasible to present many more access points by subject to a single book, yet li­ brary catalogs have not followed the lead of automated indexes and ab­ stracts. the reality of the library budget, rather than the bright potential of technology, defines the scope of the catalog. excellent cataloging is la­ bor intensive. it requires a firm grasp of the book’s subject and knowledge of its potential readers.16 this is a practical approach from the point of view of cataloging management, given the kind of subject analysis needed by works in traditional disciplines. on the other hand, these norms may not serve interdisciplinary materials, which cover the intersections of ideas from multiple disciplines, as well as would be desired. http:readers.16 http:terminology.15 132 college & research libraries march 1998 finally, a study by elaine svenonius and dorothy mcgarry hypothesized “that to a considerable degree [their italics] there is a clear-cut right and wrong to lcsh subject heading assignment.”17 in their review of bibliographic records for a hundred items, they found that “true fuzziness” existed in very few cases, af­ fecting only four items. “on the basis of this finding, it would seem that in­ deed objectivity in assessing subject heading assignment is feasible.”18 this suggests that evaluating subject head­ ings in a large set of records would be a reasonable approach to assessing the state of subject access for women’s stud­ ies materials. research questions the questions that remained for the au­ thors of this study were: how poor or inadequate is subject access to women’s studies materials, and to which factors can we assign the most weight? to inves­ tigate this in some depth, the authors pro­ posed the following research questions: 1. what subject concepts present in the core women’s studies literature are in­ adequately represented in the subject headings on oclc records for these ma­ terials? 2. which of these subject concepts could have been expressed adequately using lcsh? 3. which of these subject concepts suggest the need for new main subject headings or subdivisions in the lcsh scheme? 4. is there a set of recommended prac­ tices for practicing catalogers who cata­ log women’s studies materials which could significantly improve access to these titles in the future? methodology the methodology for this research was a systematic comparison of important works in women’s studies to the subject headings they have been assigned. to develop a large enough data set to be meaningful, the com­ mittee carried out this comparison by using annotations for the works rather than the works themselves. a standard list of central women’s studies works was needed to serve as the source of the annotations. the com­ mittee selected catherine loeb, susan e. sear­ ing, and esther stineman’s women’s studies: a recommended core bibliography, 1980–1985, second edition, a critical annotated bibli­ ography covering most subject areas in women’s studies.19 literary works were excluded because they tend not to be assigned subject headings. following ala’s 1993 annual confer­ ence, the chair of the committee divided the bibliography by subject and assigned each committee member several sections based on interest and expertise. literary works were excluded because they tend not to be assigned subject headings. even­ tually, reference works and periodicals also were eliminated from the sample because they tend to be assigned broad headings rather than the more specific subject head­ ings that were the object of the study. oclc was searched for each title listed and a bibliographic record identi­ fied. library of congress (dlc) records were preferred, but records contributed by member libraries were used when no dlc record was found. only one t i t l e l a c k e d o c l c c o p y a n d w a s dropped from the study. subject head­ ings in the record then were compared to the abstract in loeb, searing, and stineman to determine whether the main concepts covered by each book were represented adequately. to provide for consistent data collec­ tion, the committee developed a uniform data collection form (udcf). the udcf requested the following information for each range of citations investigated: 1. subject area; 2. entry numbers of annotations in loeb, searing, and stineman; http:studies.19 empirical examination of subject headings 133 table 1 udcf numerical data summary concepts absent or inadequately represented dlc non-dlc lcsh lcsh subject area n copy copy n exists needed anthropology, cross-cultural 49 49 0 16 10 6 surveys, and international surveys art and material culture 102 100 2 64 64 0 autobiography, biography, 92 90 2 8 5 3 diaries, memoirs, and letters business, economics, and labor 48 48 0 20 6 14 education and pedagogy 27 25 2 9 2 7 history 89 89 0 11 11 0 language and linguistics 10 9 1 7 5 2 law 22 22 0 9 4 5 literature: history and criticism 83 76 7 22 21 1 medicine, health, sexuality, 31 30 1 16 4 12 and biology politics and political theory 18 18 0 12 2 10 psychology 35 35 0 23 5 18 religion and philosophy 42 42 0 5 4 1 science, mathematics, 17 17 0 6 3 3 and technology sociology and social issues 71 69 2 27 17 10 sports 17 17 0 11 10 1 women's movement and 73 65 8 16 9 7 feminist theory totals 826 801 25 282 182 100 3. number of entries for which dlc/ dlc records were located and used in analysis; 4. number of entries for which only a member library cataloging (non-dlc/ dlc) record was located and used in analysis; 5. any concepts relating to women’s studies that were present in one or more annotation, but absent or inadequately represented in one or more of the cata­ loging records examined (list); 6. any lc subject headings or subdi­ visions corresponding to a missing con­ cept in item 5 above which could have been (or could now be, if they are new) used if the cataloger had been aware of the headings and realized that they were appropriate (list); 7. any concepts listed in item 5 above that do not have a matching lc subject heading or subdivision, suggestions for lc-like subject headings or subdivisions for any concepts where lc subject head­ ings are lacking currently (list); 8. any additional trends, observa­ tions, or areas for further investigation that arise in the research process. in completing the udcf, participants consulted both the library of congress sub­ ject headings and subject heading manual, and women in lc’s terms by dickstein, 134 college & research libraries march 1998 table 2 sample concepts missing from bibliographic records asian american women battered woman syndrome clitoridectomy eating disorders feminist research methods feminization of poverty gender gap in politics gender identity gender-free science history of the legal status of women images of women jewish women lesbians nontraditional students nonverbal communication and gender pioneer women premenstrual syndrome prochoice movement women and achievement women and depression women artists women in the labor movement women in the military women in world war i women political leaders women refugees women's health women's sexuality mills, and waite for ideas on other head­ ings that might be more accurate or use­ ful. information was compiled and sub­ mitted to the committee cochairs. the fi­ nal lists generated in items 5, 6, and 7 above were reviewed to further increase consistency and accuracy in the data set. study results the numerical data compiled from the udcfs is given in table 1. of the 826 cita­ tions used in the study, 801, or about 97 percent, had dlc/dlc copy in the oclc union catalog. these records set the standard for cataloging in the united states and should represent the assign­ ment of available subject headings. how­ ever, there were many disturbing discov­ eries in these records. the subject head­ ing problems that emerged seriously af­ fect access to the materials. citations were noted in every subject area that had one or more of the following problems: 1. obsolete subject headings or subdi­ visions appeared in the cataloging record. 2. there was an absence of existing relevant subject headings or subdivisions in the cataloging record. 3. no relevant lc subject heading or subdivision was available. 4. subject headings assigned in the cataloging record were too general. 5. subject headings assigned in the cataloging record were too specific. in every subject area, there were works for which entire major concepts had been either represented inadequately or not represented at all in the cataloging. this was the case approximately 30 percent of the time. the authors identified 282 con­ cepts as inadequately represented or missing entirely. most of the time, the missing concepts were not exotic but, rather, were the types of concepts a women’s studies scholar would be look­ ing for. a sample of the concepts that seemed important when reading the an­ notations, yet were not evident in the bib­ liographic records, is given in table 2. in addition, there were many instances where aspects regarding race, national­ ity, religion, profession, gender, or sexual orientation were totally omitted, includ­ ing concepts such as lesbian christians, women anthropologists, jewish women, and african women authors. understanding that lc subject head­ ings and subdivisions have evolved dur­ ing the decade since the second edition of women’s studies: a recommended core bibliography, 1980–1985 was published, the committee attempted to determine whether appropriate subject headings and subdivisions now exist which might have been used at the time of the original cataloging had the cataloger been aware of them. although the participants did empirical examination of subject headings 135 table 3 sample of existing established lc subject headings lacking in bibliographic records achievement motivation in women battered woman syndrome feminism and art feminist literary theory middle-aged women psychoanalysis and feminism women in trade unions subdivision-women underfheadingsf or individualfwars women-employment women and war women athletes women authors, french women film critics women in motion pictures not attempt a historical analysis of whether these specific subject headings existed at the time the titles were cataloged, the authors did identify existing subject headings in 182 cases which would be rel­ evant for these titles but were not in the catalog record. some of these subject head­ ings are shown in table 3. this left a total of one hundred absent concepts that could not be expressed by lcsh. some of these concepts are shown in table 4. discussion through this study, the committee iden­ tified a large number of basic concepts that were either overlooked in cataloging or lacked an established subject heading at the time the item in question was cataloged. these concepts averaged out over the study sample to a little more than one in three records, which is a sizeable proportion. revisiting the authors’ initial concerns about the impact of terminology, the na­ ture of interdisciplinary fields, and the cataloging process, the results indicate definite and interrelated problems in all three areas. multiple examples of every kind of problem were enumerated in the literature. the lack of established lcsh headings for basic women’s studies con­ cepts continues to be discouraging. one or two broad headings frequently were as­ signed to works when a greater number of more specific headings would have pro­ vided more appropriate access. as noted above, the cataloging process both contrib­ utes to and perpetuates this problem. it is not news that the library of con­ gress plays catchup in authorizing sub­ ject headings. a widely accepted concept may not receive an authorized subject heading for years. it was only in august of 1996 that lc replaced the heading “man” with “human beings.” the works cited in loeb, searing, and stineman gen­ erally were produced between 1980 and 1985, in most cases well into the era of recognizable feminist critical thought when women’s concerns were being ar­ ticulated and researched. although there may be cases where automation has aided in changing outdated subject headings, it is generally a difficult task. in the case table 4 sample of concepts lacking adequate established subject headings depression in women des daughters female correspondance feminist nuns gender-free science lesbian authors segregation of women sex role socialization sports stories-women free-floating subdivision-feminist approaches free-floating subdivision-feminist critiques pattern subdivision under individual names -female influences des (drug) (currentlyfx-refffrom diethylstilbestol) family law (currentlyfx-refffrom domestic relations) pms (currentlyfx-refffrom premenstrual syndrome) 136 college & research libraries march 1998 of women’s studies and feminism, it is not a viable solution because of the absence of relevant subject headings in the origi­ nal cataloging. rogers comments on the gradual in­ crease of subject headings added during the past decade and remarks that it is more efficient for lc to add new subject headings than to apply any retrospective adjustments.21 the concepts identified in this study were those found in core titles for a maturing interdisciplinary field. it is understandable that appropriate sub­ ject headings might not have existed at the lack of established lcsh headings for basic women’s studies concepts continues to be discourag­ ing. the time these works were published. the discouraging facts are that (1) where ap­ propriate headings have been established after the fact, they have not been added to the relevant records; and (2) many of those headings have yet to be established today. this can be summed up in two se­ rious questions for subject catalogers: 1. how do we avoid denying access to mature as well as to pioneering work in a field just because there were inad­ equate subject headings available at the time the work was issued? 2. how do we guarantee that works in a new and not necessarily widely ac­ cepted discipline will receive adequate subject access? conclusions what should be done to improve the sub­ ject access provided to women’s studies materials through lc subject headings? the committee recommends a threepronged approach, based on the deficien­ cies identified by this research. first, the many concepts for which no appropriate lc subject heading is available can be approached by submitting revised and suggested new headings to the library of congress for considerations. the liter­ ary warrant required by the library in order for a heading to be revised or es­ tablished can be presented clearly by ref­ erence to the annotations in loeb, sear­ ing, and stineman and their description of the core literature of women’s studies. the committee has begun to assemble these submissions. although the authors recognize that the library of congress establishes headings based on the works it catalogs rather than by the systematic analysis of intellectual concepts, area by area, the fact that these books had been cataloged by lc without the creation of adequate subject headings is disturbing. the library of congress would serve the cataloging community better by being more proactive in its creation and assign­ ment of subject headings. where lc does not perform analysis to interlink and in­ terrelate subject headings in emerging fields, it may be advisable for catalogers and scholars to work together to accom­ plish this task, field by field. second, the lack of retrospective re­ view of bibliographic records when new subject headings eventually are established confounds access to research materials. this warrants a serious reevaluation of cataloging policies that establish new headings without consideration of older works for which they would be appropriate. materials in emerg­ ing fields are particularly hard hit by this phe­ nomenon, and this should cause concern to those responsible for making the nation’s research collections accessible to cuttingedge researchers. finally, it is clear from the results of this research that too few catalogers are aware of the range of subject headings already available for use, or of the necessity of bringing out the woman-centered or femi­ nist aspects of a work in separate subject headings. the committee recommends the development of a brief catalogers’ tool to aid those learning or practicing cataloging in subject analysis and subject heading as­ signment for women’s studies and other interdisciplinary materials. http:adjustments.21 empirical examination of subject headings 137 notes 1. these references are too numerous to give a complete listing. the discussion that follows includes representative examples. 2. sanford berman, prejudices and antipathies: a tract on the lc subject heads concerning people (metuchen, n.j.: scarecrow pr., 1971). 3. joan k. marshall, on equal terms: a thesaurus for nonsexist indexing and cataloging (new york: neal-schuman, 1977). 4. judith hudson and victoria a. mills, “women in the national online bibliographic data­ base,” in women online, eds. judith hudson and steven atkinson (new york: haworth, 1990), 245. 5. ibid., 245. 6. hope olson, “subject access to women’s studies materials,” in cataloging heresy: chal­ lenging the standard bibliographic product: proceedings of the congress for librarians, february 18, 1991, ed. bella hass weinberg (medford, n.j.: learned information, 1992), 163. 7. ellen gay detlefson, “issues of access to information about women,” in women’s collec­ tions: libraries, archives and consciousness, ed. suzanne hildenbrand (new york: haworth, 1986), 164. 8. olson, “subject access to women’s studies materials,” 162–65. 9. loretta p. koch and barbara g. preece, “table of contents services: retrieving women’s studies periodical literature,” rq, 35 (fall 1995), 76–86. 10. cindy faries and patricia a. scott, “invisible collections within women’s studies: practi­ cal suggestions for access and assessment,” paper presented at the acrl 7th annual confer­ ence, pittsburgh, penn., mar. 31, 1995, 5. 11. olson, “subject access to women’s studies materials,” 166. 12. margaret n. rogers, “are we on equal terms yet? subject headings in lcsh, 1975–1991,” library resources and technical services 37, no. 2 (apr. 1993): 195. 13. ruth dickstein, victoria a. mills, and ellen j. waite, women in lc’s terms: a thesaurus of library of congress subject headings relating to women (phoenix, ariz.: oryx pr., 1988). 14. olson, “subject access to women’s studies materials,” 165. 15. susan e. searing, “how libraries cope with interdisciplinarity: the case of women’s studies,” issues in integrative studies, no. 10 (1992): 13. 16. ibid. 17. elaine svenonius and dorothy mcgarry, “objectivity in evaluating subject heading as­ signment,” cataloging & classification quarterly 16, no. 2 (1993): 7. 18. ibid., 16. 19. catherine loeb, susan e. searing, and esther stineman, women’s studies: a recommended core bibliography, 1980–1985, 2nd ed. (littleton, co: libraries unlimited, 1987). 20. library of congress subject headings (washington d.c.: library of congress, annual). sub­ ject heading manual, 5th ed. (washington, d.c.: library of congress, 1996). 21. rogers, “are we on equal terms yet?” 195. 218 an analysis of cost factors in maintaining and updating card catalogs j. l. dolby and v. j. forsyth : r&d consultants company, los altos, california this study enumerates and compares costs of manual and computerized catalogs. the difficulties of making comparative cost studies are examined. the report concentrates on the problems of cost element definition and on the reporting of as many comparable sources as possible. results of cost studies are presented in the form of tables that show comparative costs of cataloging, card processing, conversion, and manual and computerized processing. there are also tables on card catalog costs. conclusions are that the costs of manual and automated methods are essentially the same for short entries, and that there is a substantial economic advantage for automated methods in full entries. a side benefit of the present interest in library automation is the amount of attention now being given to study of the traditional methods of librarianship. this phenomenon is hardly unique to librarianship; in almost every area of human endeavor where attempts have been made to introduce the use of computers, workers in the field have suddenly discovered that they did not understand some of their long-standing methods quite as fully as they had believed. the source of this seeming anomaly is easy to find: to program a computer, it is necessary to specify the work to be done in much greater detail than is necessary to explain the same problem to a human being, that curious human phenomenon known variously as "common sense" or "experience" making up the difference. it has not been uncommon over the past decade to hear many survivors of the "automation experience" admit that a main benefit of use of the machine was catalog cost factors/dolby and forsyth 219 acquisition of better procedures through a more detailed understanding of the process involved. improved knowledge of "processes about to be automated" extends to the cost of the process as well, and with added force. in recommending the substitution of one procedure for another in a cost-conscious atmosphere, it behooves one to proffer sound financial reasons for doing so. computers are expensive devices. they also represent expenditure of a different kind of money: capital or lease funds in place of labor expense. thus, although one can still hear the occasional cry that it is difficult to obtain reasonable cost data on various parts of library operations, it is becoming increasingly difficult to pick up an issue of almost any library journal that does not include at least one piece of cost information. this paper is concerned with the cost of maintaining and updating card catalogs. as the authors have observed elsewhere (l), the cost of computing is going down at a rather spectacular rate, while the cost of labor is increasing. if this trend continues, almost every library will be forced to automate certain aspects of the catalog operation at some point in time. the cited report provided some information about the cost of computerized library catalogs. by adding a summary of the cost factors in the use of card catalogs, this article should place in slightly better perspective the more difficult problem of deciding (in the context of a particular library) when the crossover point between manual and automated methods is to be reached. the plan of attack remains essentially the same as in the previous report: selection from among the growing number of papers on the subject those that provide comparable sets of cost information pertinent to the various cost elements of the card catalog operation. it is appropriate, therefore, to begin this study with a brief description of the difficulties in comparing cost statistics in such a way. problems of comparative cost studies although comparative cost studies have much to recommend them, they are fraught with certain difficulties ( 2). in the first place, few librarians would group elementary cost operations in precisely the same way. one library may consider a particular element of cost as part of the acquisitions operation and a second as a part of the cataloging operation; a third may ignore it altogether, or include it in the burden or overhead cost. nor is this mere capriciousness on the part of members of the library community. library operations not only differ from one another, but they also change with time. consider, for example, the problem of obtaining a set of catalog cards for a particular monograph. any or all of the following alternatives might be in use at a given library: the cards may be l) supplied with the book as a service provided by the bookseller at some extra cost; 2) ordered from the library of congress; 3) provided by a centralized cataloging 220 journal of library automation vol. 2/4 december, 1969 operation serving several libraries (as in a county or state library system); 4) prepared by catalogers working in the library; or 5) generated by computer program from standard listings (e.g., from marc tapes). comparing any two of these procedures within a given library does not present any overwhelming problems, although minor questions of definition do occur (for example, how much of the cost of ordering should be allocated to the acquisitions department and how much to the cataloging department when both the book and the catalog cards are obtained simultaneously from the same source?). however, to compare costs from two different libraries, it is essential to know what proportion of each card source was used by each library. fortunately for the purposes of this study most libraries are presently using a mix of method 2 ( lc) and method 4 (own catalogers), and at least some provide sufficient information to enable determination of the appropriate mix for each. however, the problem is indicative of one essential difficulty in comparative cost analyses; and one that, although eased, would not be eliminated by having all libraries band together for adoption of a standard costing procedure. a second difficulty arises from temporal and geographic differences in the cost of manpower. on the surface, this problem can be eliminated, or substantially reduced, by having all studies based on man-hours spent, rather than on dollars required per item, and a number of writers have suggested such a change in reporting procedure. however, the problem is not quite so simple. for example, determining the number of man-hours spent on cataloging adds cost to the study that tends to reduce the number of libraries willing to report; those that do report may or may not be a representative sample of the total. however, there is a more basic problem. in almost all libraries the real restraint on activities is financial: there are just so many funds available for cataloging and these must be used to at least keep the backlog of uncataloged material down to the amount of space available to store it. suppose, for instance, that the amount of material to be cataloged increases by ten percent from one year to the next and that the catalogers are fortunate enough to obtain ten percent salary increases over the same period. it is not impossible to consider that in some libraries the catalogers may be forced to "earn" this raise by absorbing at least a part of the increased load without extra help. balancing salary increases by productivity increases is, of course familiar in industry and may well exist in libraries. as evidence that such an effect is present, it is noted later in this report (see table 4) that three studies made in three rather different libraries over a period of six years showed costs of from $0.228 to $0.235 per card for preparation, production, and filing. the total range ( $0.007) is only three percent of the average cost pef card. ($0.230). such close agreement would be startling if it were found in three simultaneous studies of three nearly identical library operations. to set this agreement aside as pure coincidence seems unwarranted. it is catalog cost factors/dolby and forsyth 221 more reasonable to assume that librarians are forced to operate under strong financial constraints and that they adjust their performance to those constraints through hiring of less well-trained personnel, increased time pressures on all personnel, etc. if this is the case, "standardized" reporting through time figures might be quite misleading unless cost figures were reported as well. finally, there is the question of allocating burden or overhead. potentially, burden could present a severe problem, and occasionally it may. however, in most of the reports cited here, burden is either ignored or separately stated and there is no reason to suspect that the results given in the summaries are noticeably biased by unseen burden differences. nevertheless, it would be of interest to determine proper overhead figures for library operations, as the switch to automation (which seems inevitable), will entail the use of more machines and fewer people, which in turn may drastically alter the overhead structure. the use of cost information having noted some of the difficulties that tend to cloud cost comparisons, it is perhaps useful to investigate how cost information is likely to be used. the nature of the problem can be illustrated by two rather different situations. one is exemplified by library "a", a large public library of some years' standing. it is considering the possibility of changing from its present manual procedures to some form of automation, and wishes to determine a reasonable strategy for implementing such a change over the next five years. library "b", otherwise comparable to "a", has been keyboarding the catalog records of its current acquisitions for the last three years. it has now decided to convert its retrospective catalog and wishes to choose the most economic procedure for this step. the differences in the problems facing two such libraries are basically the classic differences between strategy and tactics. library "a", must lay out a long-term plan, taking into account the growth in its collection over the five-year period, likely changes in equipment and personnel available to it, increases in labor costs, decreases in equipment usage costs, etc. library "b", on the other hand, is in the position of making a specific set of decisions as to whether the work should be done in-house or subcontracted; whether the library should use punched cards, punched paper tape, or optical character-recognition devices; and so forth. in terms of cost, library "b", has to prepare a specific budget request for its funding agency, and it is reasonable to assume that that funding agency will require assurance that the task is to be accomplished at the minimum cost consistent with the designated quality level. cost differences of as little as five percent may be quite important to library "b". general cost summaries can be of use only in enumeration of the possible alternatives. even the accounting procedures in effect in the local system will have a bearing on the final decision. 222 journal of library automation vol. 2/ 4 december, 1969 thus, the primary utility of a general cost summary to the library about to commit itself in a tactical situation is the information it can provide about the problem statement: which cost factors other libraries have been able to identify in similar situations; which of the various alternatives may be safely eliminated from consideration on the grounds that their present costs are considerably higher than other existing methods; and so forth. the likelihood seems remote that any general study, or, for that matter, any particular study, will be sufficiently applicable to the library now undertaking the problem to enable it to take over cost structures unchanged. library "a", faced with establishing a long-range plan, has much more flexibility available to it. its interest in specific costs will be established by some gross notion as to what quantity of funds are likely to be available over the period under plan. some procedures may be seriously considered because they are relatively new and untried and hence of potential interest to national funding agencies who would not consider funding further experiments with procedures that have been thoroughly tested. access to good cost information of such well-tested procedures will help in establishing the likely costs for important aspects of the overall plan. of even greater interest is the possibility that certain costs are likely to undergo substantial change over the planning period. for instance, in reference 1 it was noted that optical character recognition may be a very attractive long-run option for catalog conversion problems precisely because it is so new, and hence has not had time to allow a sufficient number of service centers to spring up to provide truly competitive service capabilities. computer typesetting with the new generation of hardware is in much the same category. in both situations it is clear that what is most needed is the enumeration of cost elements on the one hand and operating cost experience on the other. precise estimates of any one cost element are of relatively little importance, either because they are so likely to change over the long run, or because they are likely to be not appropriate to a specific application even in the short run. comparative cost information would therefore seem to provide a good basis for either application. the comparison forces an enumeration of cost elements precisely because one must evaluate the cost structure of each source to be sure that a reasonable comparison is possible. reporting of the actual experience of several libraries provides a range of experience, not only over several libraries but also over time, so that the extremes reported give an indication of the variability that must be allowed for. in what follows, therefore, concentration is on the problems of cost element definition and on the reporting of as many sources as are comparable in the broad sense. because precise estimates are not only difficult to ob' tain, but also unlikely to be relevant to most users, no attempt has been made to provide formal estimates either of the average cost figures or of their underlying variability. catalog cost factors/ dolby and forsyth 223 the cost of cataloging the preparation of catalog information for a given monograph is perhaps the most sophisticated operation in the entire catalog operation. as such it is probably the last to be considered a candidate for automation, although it is not unreasonable, even now, to consider the use of computers as aids to the cataloger. consequently in many operations the cost of cataloging will continue to be an invariant regardless of whether automation is introduced into other aspects of the catalog operation or not. nevertheless, it is useful to study the cost of catalogs, both to establish the relative cost of cataloging and the subsequent processing steps, and to establish the line of demarcation between the catalog step and the subsequent steps. any enumeration of the detailed steps involved in a complex process must be tentative. this is nowhere more true than in the cataloging operation. fortunately the number of descriptions in detail is growing. for the cataloging operation, three sources of information were used: 1) a detailed analysis made as part of an overall time and motion study of operations in the lockheed research library ( 3); a detailed study of the cataloging and processing activities of the new york public library as a preliminary to possible automation of some of these operations ( 4); and a detailed study of the acquisitions, cataloging, and other processing operations for the columbia university science libraries ( 5) . a summary of these studies is given in table 1. in addition to the eight items in table 1, the lockheed library study included five other items that we have chosen to include in subsequent operations. it is generally true that professionals do not like to have their jobs subjected to the minutiae of time and motion study. there is always the ugly feeling that the creative (and most important) aspects of the job cannot be subjected to simple measurement. nevertheless, cataloging is a continuing effort in most libraries and it is possible to establish some average production rates in terms of number of books cataloged per month or the number of minutes needed per book. the problem, as with most statistical studies, is not with the establishment of objective measurements but rather in the manner in which they are interpreted. use of comparative statistics does not eliminate the possibility of misinterpretation but it does tend to minimize it. the comparative studies selected for the cataloging operation, in addition to those already cited, were: a colorado study based on average cataloging times for eleven librarians from six cooperating libraries ( 2), and a study of ordering, cataloging, and preparations in several southern california libraries ( 6). the catalog cost information for these five studies is summarized in table 2. table 1. cataloging cost elements columbia university science (with lc information) 1. assign class number 2. compare book and card, check entries in general catalog, establish subjects, etc. 3. make necessary changes in lc proof slip, or type temporary slip giving brief descriptive information and class number 4. completed books revised and sent for shelf listing ( without lc information) i. supply descriptive cataloging 2. subject analysis, classification and authority work 3. type workslip for processing section. new york public 1. review work done by searcher. reconcile conflicts and approve new entry forms 2. full descriptive cataloging 3. assign subject entries 4. assign divisional catalog designators 5. check authority files and establish new authorities and cross references 6 . determine classmark lockheed research laboratory 1. 2. 3a. 3b. 4. 5. 6. 7. get book and analyze for subject. obtain dewey and cutter numbers check shelf list for duplicates and copy number (with lc information ) insert and type copy slip and temporary catalog card, check lc subject headings and other references. descriptive and subject catalog book pencil call number on title page (without lc information) insert and type descriptive part only on copy slip and temporary catalog card. write subject data only on catalog card. pencil call number on title page tear and separate copy slips and temporary cards. proof and correct as necessary. take report to reports cataloging travel to library, check national union catalog or other reference book count and tally titles cataloged 1:'0 ~ ....... ~ 5 ..... ..a t'"'l .... c::s-' a ~ :;t.. ~ ~ .... g· 6!:""" 1:'0 ~ tj (b (') (b s 0"' $ ..... co ffi catalog cost factors/ dolby and forsyth 225 table 2. comparative costs of cataloging library source date average cataloging implied avg. time, min. cost salary (per hour) lockheed 1967 10.0 colorado 1969 28.6 $ 2.07 $ 4.34 new york 1968 39.8 6.30 5.25 so. cal. 1961 44.8 2.23 2.98 columbia 1967 84.0 5.85 4.17 in the lockheed and colorado studies, basic times of each operation were studied and then "standard" time factors added to allow for nonproductive time. the standard factors increased the lockheed times by 13 percent and the colorado times by 48 percent. (the times in the table include these allowances.) the figures for new york were derived from their reported statements that they processed 65,000 books using 49 catalogers at a total cost of $409,500 (not including fringe benefits). the columbia figures have been reduced by 20 percent to eliminate fringe benefits. the implied average salary for each source was obtained by dividing the total cataloging cost by the average time and multiplying by 60 to convert to cost per hour. the simplest conclusion to reach from a study of table 2 is that cataloging costs vary widely from one library to another. average times differ by more than 8 to 1 and total cost varies by more than 3 to 1. the low salary for the southern california study is presumably explained by the fact that that study was done in 1961. adjustment of this figure for average salary increases from 1961 to 1968 would undoubtedly bring their total cost more directly in line with the other studies (bureau of labor statistics shows hourly wages increased approximately 30 percent over this period) . it would be interesting to know if the presumed increased salaries of the southern california catalogers has led to a decrease in the average time they spend on cataloging. the more recent data on colorado and new york suggest that this might be expected. the columbia and lockheed time data represent, perhaps not unreasonably, the extremes in this table. the lockheed research library is small compared to the others, and lockheed is, of course, a private corporation, whereas the other sources represent public and university libraries. columbia, on the other hand, is a large university library; however, the figures given are from a study of cataloging of science monographs, which may be more time-consuming. as these cataloging cost figures will be used only as a point of comparison with subsequent operations, it is not necessary to further resolve the apparent differences. the average time for the five sources is 41.4 minutes. assuming that a cataloger currently earns $4.50 an hour, the average cost for the five sources would be $3.11 for the unit cost of cataloging. 1:-0 1:-0 table 3. processing cost elements ~ ....... c columbia university new york public sacramento state ~ '"'t 5 ...... 1. card production 1. receive and distribute plan1. type master cards from c -2. card set completion ning sheets handwritten slips ~ .... 3. sorting and preliminary 2. type headings for added en2. produce subject cross refer<:l"' a filing tries and subject entries ence cards '"'t <.s::: 4. shelf listing 3. mark designators and sort 3. maintain guide cards > 5. typing of book pockets completed cards 4. card production and pur~ ..... 6. filing 4. distribute cards to filing chase c ~ section 5. complete card sets ~ ..... 5. paint edges of cards when 6. proof .... c ;:s required 7. alphabetize 6. glue and separate batches 8. file and revise < c 7. type masters for offset print9. card shifting !'""" to ing 10. update existing cards ........ 8. prepare copy for itek masters 11. correction of problems 11:>9. check format of entry on 12. withdrawals t:) (1) masters 13. weed order slips (') (1) 10. check letter for letter on 14. assembly of statistics s 0" planning sheet 15. file temporary slips (1) 11. gather statistics and keep 16. file permanent slips u'"t ...... log of card preparation 17. shelf list shifting co ~ 12. prepare itek masters and 18. blank catalog card stock co print cards on offset 13. file catalog cost factors/dolby and forsyth 227 card processing costs if cataloging is the least likely part of the library operation to be automated in the near future, the procedures that immediately follow cataloging are precisely opposite in character. card preparation, production, and filing all involve time-consuming routine operations that can be done automatically, thus relieving the library community of a significant proportion to man-hours to apply to problems of greater intellectual content. cost factors must nonetheless be considered. as with cataloging, description of basic cost elements will vary from one library to another. for the detailed breakdown in table 3, use is again made of the columbia and new york public studies previously cited. added to them is data from an unpublished study made available by neil barron of sacramento state college library. barron's cost elements are given in finer detail than those in the other studies reported in this section. in table 4, data from the new york public library and from the sacramento state college library have been grouped into three categories (preparation, production and filing) to achieve maximum compatibility with data from other sources reported in the table. these sources are: a study (7) at the university of toronto of manual costs made in conjunction with early machine methods; a comparative study ( 8) of manual methods and a special-purpose machine procedure at the air force cambridge research laboratory library; and results of three years of computerized card production at the yale medical library (9). costs shown in table 4 are on a "per-card" basis, rather than on a title basis, as differing library requirements show averages ranging from 4.6 cards per title at sacramento to 9.8 cards per title at new york public. most significant in table 4 is the extraordinary agreement between two of the studies: the total processing costs amount to 23.2c per card and 23.5c per card for these two sources, even though the reports were prepared over a six-year period and include significant changes in the cost of labor and materials. furthermore, these costs are reasonably constant for the individual categories in all three sources: card preparation varies from 11.4c per card to 11.6c per card; card production varies from 6.4c per card to 7.9c per card; and card filing varies from 4.2c per card to 5.2c per card. in one sense this close agreement should not be surprising. if it is indeed true that cataloging involves relatively high intellectual content that is difficult to automate, and card processing involves straightforward operations that are relatively easy to automate, it is reasonable to argue that the latter should show much less variability from one operation to the next. the fact that the new york public operation has significantly higher costs can be partially explained by the following observations. the nypl costs are based on the supposition that all cards are locally produced. the to to 00 ....... 0 ~ table 4. comparative costs of card processing ~ -0 date 1968 1969 1965 1963 1968 ~ .... ~ i:s library nypl sse onulp afcrl ch¥ ~ > cards per title (9.8) ( 4.6) (-9) (7) (9.3) ~ ..... 0 ~ (local) (lc (machine) ~ ..... .... 0 cat.) ~ preparation 0.140 0.116 0.114 0.088 < } 0 !"""" 0.233 0.166 0.075 to production } 0.064 0.079 ~ 0.186 tj filing 0.052 0.042 0.043 0.043 0.043 (b () (b totals 0.336 0.232 0.235 0.276 0.209 0.118 9 c"' ~ (b ~~ 0.228 ~ co 0':> co t catalog cost factors/ dolby and forsyth 229 other libraries indicate that a significant proportion of their work is based on the acquisition of lc cards. the breakdown for the afcrl study is shown in table 4 and the breakdown for sacramento is approximately the same. secondly nypl is clearly the largest of the operations under consideration here, and it is not unreasonable to expect that the size of the file will have an effect on the cost of filing. in fact, assuming that the nypl cost of preparation and production is the same as that for the afcrl' s locally produced cards ( 27 .6c) and assigning the rest of the nypl cost to filing, the latter figure becomes 10.3c per card, or a little more than twice the average for the other three sources ( 4.8c per card). if this is the case, it would be of interest to know whether the problem is one of sheer size of the catalog or rather one of increased density that naturally occurs in larger files. e.g., is it more costly to file "smith, adrian j." in a file with 100 smith's or 1000 smith's? finally, in the two cases of partial automation ( afcrl and yale) the cost of card preparation and production is significantly lower (7.5c and 8.8c) than that indicated for lc cards ( 16.6c), or the average for the three closely agreeing sources ( 23.2c). this observation alone should point the library community strongly towards automation of the card processing function. nor is this observation new; both authors of the preliminary studies at afcrl and yale made the point more than adequately. furthermore, as will be demonstrated shortly, the cost of filing is also reduced in an automated system. several factors may be contributing to the slowness of the library community to introduce changes to achieve such cost savings. first, there is inevitably a substantial initial cost involved in any automation project. second, although the potential cost saving is a substantial proportion of the processing cost, it is still small when compared to the cost of cataloging; a librarian under pressure to reduce costs could gain more by cutting back on the time allowed for cataloging without the initial investment necessary for automation. third, there is a persistent difficulty in finding trained personnel in the automation field. finally, librarians are certainly aware of the rapid changeover in equipment in the computing field with the concomittant costs of adapting programs to new equipment. case and space the preceding discussion has provided some notion as to the cost of obtaining the required cataloging information, encoding it on catalog cards, and entering those cards in a catalog file. these costs can be compared with other possible approaches to the problem, including those that involve some degree of automation. there are, of course, a number of associated costs that must be taken into account to obtain a full picture of the cost of card cataloging. they would include, at a minimum, the cost of the space occupied by the catalog, the purchase price of catalog filing 230 journal of library automation vol. 2/4 december, 1969 cases, the cost to the user of consulting th~ catalog, and the cost to the library of maintaining the catalog in usable form. the allocation of capital expenditure costs to a form comparable to the costs per title and the costs per card used in the earlier sections of this rep01t raises certain difficulties. accounting procedures vary from one institution to another. further there is the real but difficult-to-measure problem of comparing funds of various types in a particular situation. nonetheless, it is useful to know whether under any reasonable accounting system the cost of space and cabinets is of sufficient magnitude to make it worthwhile to consider these costs in the overall evaluation. assuming, therefore, that a filing case capable of storing 72,000 cards fully packed costs $800 and occupies approximately 30 square feet of space, including room for aisles and access area, and further assuming that land and construction costs are approximately $30 per square foot, the total cost of the cabinet and the space it occupies would be approximately $1,700. finally if it is assumed that on the average a catalog is approximately 60 percent full, the initial cost of space and case is approximately 4c per card. four cents a card is not negligible, but it is only about 15 to 20 percent of the cost of producing the cards and an even smaller fraction of the total cost when cataloging is included. hence, it seems reasonable to put this cost for space and case in the category of a secondary cost item that will favor book catalogs, microfilm catalogs, and other high-density forms. it is unlikely to be a determining factor unless other cost factors are very closely balanced. book and card catalogs: some relative advantages among the various cost factors involved in cataloging, the most difficult to assess objectively is the cost to the user. the problem is that no one really knows what a user does in a library, nor what impact a given change will have on its utility to him. whether they like a card catalog or not, library users do consult it and it is thus a usable device for providing access to library materials. equally, many libraries in times past, and again more recently, have had book catalogs; and they also are viable devices. but which is better? a card catalog is updated by the simple expedient of entering recently obtained cards in the file. a book catalog is updated by periodically printed revisions. hence any search for a particular item will in general require fewer specific searches in the card catalog than in the book catalog, if the proper information is available to the searcher. card catalogs are large and costly and there are few savings over the original cost in producing a second copy. reproducing books after the first copy is relatively inexpensive. libraries with many branches, or a decentralized set of users, will provide better service with book catalogs. the added cost of maintaining more than a few files is heavy with cards and light with books. whether card or book catalogs are used, the existence of a machine table 5. comparative conversion costs per title mar. 68 1968 1964 1968 1966 1964 1966 lc lacp onlup nypl uc/ b chy sul 446 char. -450 char. 400 char. 300 char. 317 char. 243 char. 180 char. coding/editing $0.169 $0.0801 $0.044 keying 0.207 } $0.480 $0.307 } $0.450 0.188 $0.198 } 0.183 re-keying 0.033 ) 0.030 } 0.117 ~ ~ 0.259 ~ proofing 0.125 0.127 0.085 0.103 s" j 0 ~ rental 0.156 0.084 0.6502 0 .036 0.037 ~ 0 0., ..... conversion & list } 0.359 0.020 }o.096 0.046 0.020 0.024 } 0.1043 ~ ~ c) edit list 0.084 0.141 ..... 0 ~ 0., sort & merge 0.165 0.121 '-. t::l 0 supplies 0.080 0.036 0.5084 0.033 r-c t:d supervision 0 .183 0.580 ....::: ~ ~ 0... 1 includes provision for keypunch rental, and supplies "tj 0 ::::0 2full keypunch rental absorbed by pilot project u) ....::: ..., 3includes use of automatic error-detection routines ::r:: 4includes cost of magnetic tapes and other supplies t--:l cn 1-' 232 journal of library automation vol. 2/4 december, 1969 readable catalog provides much greater flexibility as time goes on. revisions of cataloging practice become much simpler if the revisions can be programmed on a computer. in sum, machine readable book catalogs appear less advantageous than card catalogs only when immediate updating is the primary criterion for comparison. comparative costs of catalog conversion table 5 (an extension and revision of table 7 appearing on page 42 of reference 1) gives comparative conversion costs for three public libraries (library of congress (10), new york public library and los angeles public library), the library of the university of california at berkeley, the stanford undergraduate library (11), the ontario new universiti~s library project, and the columbia-harvard-yale study. although the data was gathered for the most part independently over a fouryear period, it is worth making a number of internal comparisons to test for consistency. the most outstanding comparison is between the encoding costs for the library of congress and those for the los angeles public library. for records of essentially the same average length ( 446 characters versus 450 characters) the coding costs agree to the penny! yet the methods of production are significantly different. the library of congress invested heavily in the coding and editing operation and used paper tape typewriters with their relatively high rental. as a result its costs in this area are significantly higher than those for lacp. on the other hand these procedural changes resulted in significantly lower keying costs, so that the overall cost for encoding was the same. the encoding costs of uc/b, chy, and sul are all very close (within three cents per title) even though there is a fair range of record size (from 180 for sul to 317 for uc/b). these three studies probably provide a more reasonable picture of the underlying variation in cost than the unusually close figures for lc and lacp. as a further test of consistency, average cost is plotted against average record length (in characters per record) in figure 1. the rightmost points are for lc and lacp, and the line is simply drawn through the origin (zero dollars, zero cost) and those points. the points of uc/ b, chy and sul cluster about the center of the line. following is an interpretation of the other points charted. the nypl point of $.45 for a 300-character record is not based on actual nypl experience, but rather on a study of information from other investigations. its proximity to the line suggests that nypl's analysis of existing information reaches a conclusion similar to that of this paper. the average encoding cost used to plot the onulp point does not contain the full rental charge reported in the onulp study, because the entire cost of keyboard rental was charged against the project although catalog cost factors/ dolby and forsyth 233 100 § ....l 80 8 z lc lacp ..... lzl ....l onulp • h ..... 60 h ~ lzl ll< h "' 0 u • nyp '-' 40 z sul • • uc/b h q .chy 0 u ~ 20 hul . o~-----.lon0------~2~00~----~j~00~-----4~00~----~j~00~----~6~00 average record length in charact ers fig. 1. encoding costs per title as a function of average record length. the machines were only partially utilized. the point for harvard university library ( hul) is based on information received in a private communication. although there is a significant amount of variation from one study to another it seems reasonable to conclude that the cost of encoding is approximately $.15 per title per hundred characters. the cost of computation is not as well-documented as the cost of conversion. studies that reported computer costs all include the following three operational costs: the first is the cost of conversion and listing. this cost includes the cost of converting the original machine readable form (be it cards or paper tape) to magnetic tape form. in most cases a byproduct of this operation was a listing (all-caps only) of the material on the tape. the second is the cost of an edit run, including a listing in upperand lower-case. the latter was eschewed in a number of cases because of the added costs. however, many libraries would require a proper edit run and many librarians would prefer to edit from an upper/ lower-case printout than from an all-caps printout. 234 journal of library automation vol. 2/4 december, 1969 the third is the cost of sorting and merging the tapes. many of the early studies did not explicitly report on this cost because they were primarily concerned with the cost of converting the retrospective list. however, in an on-going operation this would be a continuing cost of some magnitude. the available information points to a uniform cost of approximately $.02 per record for conversion and list, and approximately $.08 per record for editing. the two studies where both these costs are given indicate that a ratio of 4 to 1 is appropriate. the only study giving a ratio between the sort and merge operation and the edit operation is the nypl study and this is based on before-the-fact-information only; the ratio is approximately 8 to 7. for convenience, one can assume that this ratio is unity, giving an overall ratio of 4-4-1. the most complete history of total computer cost is given by lc: a total of $.36 per record for 446 character records. applying the above ratio to the lc total yields a breakdown of $.04 for conversion and list, $.16 for editing, and $.16 for sort and merge. extending the stanford cost of $.12 for conversion and list and editing gives a total cost for sul of $.22 for its 180 character records. this figure is considerably more than 180/ 446 parts of the lc cost. one other pertinent piece of information is available from the sul data. in the production of the annual catalog, stanford estimates a cost of $.121 per title for what is roughly comparable to the cost of sort and merge. this cost is then roughly 1.2 times the sul cost for conversion and list and editing, verifying the notion that the cost of "sort and merge" is of the same general magnitude as the cost of editing. the ratios of sul costs to lc for encoding are .367/.690 = .532 and .225/.359 = .625 for computer time. this suggests that the means of computing average record length may be different for the two institutions. taking the lc figures as the standard and assuming that both computing and encoding costs are strictly a function of record length, the sul record length should be between .532x446 = 238 and .625x446 = 279. this discrepancy may be a result of one source (presumably lc) counting all delimiter and other non-printing characters while the other does not. nypl indicates that the ratio of printed characters to total characters is approximately 3:4. if the sul figure of 180 is expanded by one third, one obtains the figure of 240 which agrees well with the lower limit (based on encoding costs) given above. the cost of sort and merge is a function of the size of the data base, not the amount of material being put into it. the library of congress points this out in its study ( 11) and report on an average month (where the data base grows for a period and then is reduced to zero.) stanford undergraduate library figures are based on its second year of operation, in which 16,000 titles were added to form a total base of 41,000 titles. the actual cost of this step in the operatiqn will therefore depend strongly on the operating strategy employed. clearly, the number of times one catalog cost factors/dolby and forsyth 235 has to sort and merge the entire data base should be minimized, particularly taking into account the fact that sorting costs go up faster than linearly. if the master file is arranged in n orders (author, subject, title, class number, etc.), it will generally be less expensive to sort the updating material into those n orders and make n merge runs with the sorted master files than to make a single merge with a single ordering of the master file and then sort the master file n times to obtain the required updated orderings of the master file. manual and computer processing: comparative cost one objective of this paper is to define factors whose costs enter into calculations of relative costs of manual and computer processing of catalog information and to report these factor costs. the following paragraphs present a simplified comparison of actual costs of manual and machine processing for a "typical" library characterized by average costs approximating those in the preceding tables. table 5 yields average figures for two cases: catalogs with approximately 425 characters per entry and catalogs with approximately 250 characters per entry; they may be called "full entries" and "short entries," respectively. from table 4, it is possible to compute similar figures for "full catalogs" and "short catalogs" by clustering the three larger cases (those having 9.8, 9.0, and 7.0 cards per title) and the three smaller cases (those having 3.0 and 4.6 cards per title). for the full catalogs the average cost of processing is 26.7c per card and 8.6 cards per title, or a total cost of $2.29 per title. for the short catalogs the average cost of processing is 20.3c per card and 3.8 cards per title, or $0.78 per title. combining these two sets of figures gives the results in table 6. table 6. comparative costs of manual and computerized processing short full entries entries manual $0.78 $2.29 computer $0.84 $1.31 table 6 shows that an hypothesized "typical" library would be slightly better off with manual methods if it chose the short form entries, and noticeably better off with the machine if it chose the full form of the entry. in making this quick comparison, consideration has not been given to several factors that should obviously be taken into account even in this simple example. first, there is not included either the initial cost of programming or the initial cost of converting the retrospective records. either or both of these costs could be substantial, but as they are one-time costs and as libraries are basically long-term institutions, such costs should be written off over a relatively long period, even though they must be financed out of a given year's budget. 236 journal of library automation vol. 2/4 december, 1969 second, the cost of printing the catalog is not included (assuming a book catalog is in fact to be used in the computerized system). thus the comparison in table 6 is between a card catalog and a catalog in machine readable form. such a comparison is complicated by the fact that a card once filed stays in the catalog indefinitely, subject only to longterm wear and tear and a certain rate of attrition due to unauthorized removal, misfiling, and so forth, whereas the machine readable catalog must be updated periodically and supplemented by interim publications. and, of course, the comparison is also complicated by the corresponding low cost of producing a number of copies of the book catalog where this is useful for a given system. however, to put the printing cost in some degree of perspective, one may make a quick calculation based on the production of a single book catalog using a standard upperand lower-case print chain. at present commercially available prices this would cost between 35c and 50c per 10,000 characters, or approximately 9c per entry for the full form entries and 5c per entry for the short form entries (assuming four complete listings for author, title, subject, and class number listings). this added cost would make the comparison between manual and computerized methods even less favorable for the short form, but still substantially better for the long form entries $1.40 to $2.29). conclusion it may be concluded that the card-processing operations in typical libraries can be automated economically in many situations today. libraries using the short form of a catalog and having no immediate need for multiple copies of the catalog may find it desirable to wait a year or two, depending upon their local situation, the availability of trained personnel and, of course, the availability of capital to finance the initial cost of programming and retrospective conversion. however, libraries using the full form in their catalogs, or those needing multiple copies of their catalogs, will almost certainly find that there is a substantial economic advantage to computerization at the present time. even when allowance is made for substantial departures from the "typical" costs found in this study, it is difficult to visualize any library using full form information not finding significant economic gains in computerization. considering the further advantages of the greater flexibility available in machine readable records, the increased services that can be offered to the user, and the fact that machine costs are decreasing while labor costs are increasing, one is led to the conclusion that more and more libraries will move towards catalog automation. tables 7 to 11 appearing on the following pages are reference tables for calculating costs. catalog cost factors/dolby and forsyth 237 acknowledgments the work reported in this paper was supported by the u . s. office of education under contract number oec-9-8-00292-0107. mrs. henriette avram (library of congress) and mr. neil barron (sacramento state college, sacramento, california) made important contributions of cost figures and other technical data used in this report. various state libraries supplied detailed cost information. bibliography a 400-item bibliography on cost and automation is available from the national auxiliary publication service of asis (naps 00696). references 1. dolby, j. l.; forsyth, v. j.; resnikoff, h. l.: computerized library catalogs: their growth, cost and utility (cambridge, mass.: m.i.t. press, 1969). 2. dougherty, richard m.: "cost analysis studies in libraries : is there a basis for comparison," library resources and technical setvices, 13 (winter 1969), 136-141. 3. kozumplik, william a.: "time and motion study of library operations," special libraties, 58 (october 1967), 585-588. 4. henderson, j. w.: rosenthal, j. a.: libmry catalogs: theit preservation and maintenance by photographic and automated techniques (cambridge, mass. : m. i.t. press, 1968). 5. fasana, paul j.; fall, james e. : "processing costs for science monographs in the columbia university libraries," libmry resources and technical services, 11 (winter 1967), 97-114. 6. macquarrie, catherine: "cost survey: cost of ordering, cataloging, and preparations in southern california libraries," library resources and technical services, 6 (fall 1962), 337-350. 7. bregzis, ritvars: "the onulp bibliographic control system: an evaluation," in university of illinois graduate school of library science: proceedings of 1965 clinic on library applications of data processing (urbana: university of illinois, 1966), pp. 112-140. 8. fasana, paul j.: "automating cataloging functions in conventional libraries," libmry resources and technical services, 7 (fall 1963), 350-365. 9. kilgour, frederick g.: "costs of library catalog cards produced by computer," journal of libmry automation,. 1 (june 1968), 121-127. 10. avram henriette: the marc pilot pro;ect (final report on a project sponsored by library resources: chapter viii: "cost models" (washington, d. c.: library of congress, 1968). 11. johnson, richard d.: "a book catalog at stanford," journal of libmry automation, 1 (march 1968), 13-50. to table 7. cost/ card-library of congress catalog cards (july 1968) co 00 extra ..... c ~ all chgs/title -t 5 titles au orders ...... 1st cd of 3 add'l copies same specific subsc for lacking .a lc cards ordered by/for 1-2 cds only or more order cd ordered same tm. subject all cds req info l:"'t .... <:3-' 1) lc # $ .22 $ .10 $ .06 **-~ ~ > 2) author & title .27 .15 .06 ~ 0 ~ 3) series .10 .06 1:::. ..... s· ;::s 4) subject -~---.10 .06 ---<: 0 5) chinese/ japanese/ korean .22-.27 .10-.15 .06 .04 $ .04 !'"""' to .......... .;:.. 6 ) motion pictures & .22-.27 .10.15 .06 .10 .04 filmstrips tj (!) (") (1) 7) phonorecords .22.27 .10.15 .06 .10 .04 3 0"' (1) 8) revised & cross ref. .04 ~'"i ---...... co "' 9) anonymous $ .04 co source-lc cds, july 1968 table 8. catalog card costs cards cost/ card cost/ hour time lc cards $.22-.27 (min order 1-2 cds) } $.04 extra chg all .10-.15 ( 1st cd-3 or more order) orders lacking .04-.06 ( add'l copies same cd-same order ) req. info. blank cards < 3-< 4 for $.01 (j ~ soriginal card ..... c ()'q prepantion $.20-2.34 $2.40-4.70 5-30 min/ cd (j c «> .... card checking ~ before filing $.21 $4.20 3 min/ cd ~ c") 8' ~ correcting «> .......... detected $.12 $2.40 3 min/ cd tj 0 errors t"'' t:p file $.024 $2.40 100 cds/ hr ~ ~ .03 3.00 100 cds!hr l:l p.. .047 4.71 100 cds/ hr "%j 0 store $.01 ~ rj:j ~ reproduce $.0023-.00208 ( ab dick offset press = $.125/bk( 54-60 cds ) ::i: .045 ( xerox-1k-100k cds ) 1:-0 c.:> td 240 journal of library automation vol. 2/4 december, 1969 table 9. (estimated) annual cost of 1000 sq ft of storage space 1)" minnesota state dept. of education ( 1968 )-$520 "source-private communication 2) r&d estimate 04 1968 construction cost $30 sq ft x 1000 sq ft $30,000 100 yrs (life of bldg) +maintenance costs, clean up, etc. ($1 yr/sq ft) $50,000 197 4 construction cost $50 sq ft x 1000 sq ft 100 yrs (life of bldg) +maintenance costs, clean up, etc. ($1 yr/sq ft) ""source-e. graziano, univ. calif. at santa barbara table 10. card catalog cost/ year $ 300/yr $ 1000 $ 1300/ yr $ 500/yr $ 1000 $ 1500/yr given the following variables, 1 card catalog case with a maximum card capacity of 72,000 cards (purchase price-$789) -the cost/ card to store would be $.01. estimated construction cost cost sq ft $30/sq ft maintenance rental@ --;100 yrs est. $.42 sq ft/mo life bldg @ $1/sq ft cost/ yr cabinet ( 6 sq ft) $30.24 $1.80 $ 6.00 $ 38.04 room for users ( 16 sq ft) 80.64 4.80 16.00 101.44 aisles ( 3 sq ft) 15.12 .90 3.00 19.02 catalog table ( 5 sq ft) 25.20 1.50 5.00 31.70 $190.20 + 72,000 cards @ $ .01 (to store) 720.00 total cost /yr $910.20 catalog cost factors/ dolby and forsyth 241 table 11. card catalog maintenance costs estimated requirement space cost/sq ft cost/mo cost/year card catalog cabinet 6 sq ft $ .42 $ 2.52 $ 30.24 room for users -16 sq ft 6.72 80.64 aisles 3 sq ft 1.26 15.12 catalog table 5 sq ft 2.10 25.20 30 sq ft $12.60 $151.20 source-e. graziano, univ. calif. at santa barbara and r&d consultants co. college and research libraries resource sharing or cost shifting?-the unequal burden of cooperative cataloging and ill. in network charles b. lowry the values and reward system that characterize library cooperation are drawn from an environment quite different from that of the modern library network, which is founded on the shared cataloging/ill utility. reflecting as it does an earlier system of values about participation, the reward system for the technology-based network encourages use of but not contribution to the "national library database." this paper examines the dilemmas of participation in resourcesharing networks and proposes solutions based on shifting the inducements toward contribution by remunerating the contributing library for the unit cost of original cataloging and the suggested restructuring. the restructuring suggested is applicable to library network/utilities in general. however, oclc's recently announced "contribution pricing" may serve as a model for changing the reward system, which is a prerequisite to preserve the "national library database" that the oclc represents. cooperation-what is it? in the post-world war ii period, the concept of library cooperation has tended to focus on two primary and critical activities-shared cataloging and interlibrary lending. but in recent years, a more comprehensive notion of the dimensions of library cooperation has become essential to our lexicon. this extends right down to local cooperative activities and includes shared collection development, preservation, and training, particularly for technological purposes .1 to understand the dimensions of library cooperation today, we must understand the modem development of library networks. joan segal notes that "there are implicit levels of networking . . . of several sorts: type-of-library networks, sizeof-library networks, and geographicalarea networks at various aggregations of 2 . area. recently edward walters has applied the social sciences concept of institutions to provide an organizing model to group the variety of organizations that we call library systems, networks, consortia, associations, and cooperatives. he has identified five forms of networking: (1) the unit · cost networks such as oclc or run, with the size and revenue sources to raise . substantial capital for development; (2) the multistate regional auxiliary enterprise networks such as amigos or 50linet, with their low capital investment and fee-based assessment with a more limited ability to amass capital; (3) the authority-sanctioned networks such as illinet and fed link established by governments or government agencies that have jurisdiction and draw on those aucharles b. lowry is director of libraries at the university of texas at arlington, arlington, texas 76019. this article is based on a paper delivered as a keynote address for a miniconference on the cost of cooperation in academic and research libraries jointly sponsored by the university of north texas, school of library and information sciences, and amigos bibliographic council held in denton, texas, may 11, 1988 . • 11 12 college & research libraries thorities for their power to coerce the acceptance of standards and as a source of capital for new projects; (4) the discipline and type-of-library networks that are created for the purpose of sustaining either a discipline, (e.g. law, medicine, and agriculture), or an institutional form (e.g. university or corporation); and (5) local consortia or proximity networks that are founded and sustained because geographical proximity makes library cooperation more timely and often more effective. these latter vary greatly in the kinds of organizations they include, size, governance, and programs. each of the five types of library networks is part of a national library "network picture" that is interlocking in its services and belief systems. one cannot talk about a type of network without defining its relationship with the others. 3 moreover, most academic libraries are members of several of these types of networks. the university of texas at arlington and the university of south alabama-two libraries where the author has most recently been director-have been simultaneously members of four or five types. this degree of participation brings attendant cost and benefits. the question becomes "is the cost outweighed by the benefit?" several problems arise in this networking environment because of the underlying assumptions we have about cooperation, and the need for managerial control based on a realistic cost model in our "not-for-profit industry." there are also numerous hidden or indirect costs to which no attention is paid as we work towards the abstract ideal of cooperation. dilemmas of network resource sharing it has been pointed out frequently that resource sharing in any type of network environment may be used by libraries as a prop to reduce their own obligations to build adequate local resources. 4 moreover, there is a growing concern among larger research libraries that the primary objectives they have for cooperating through utilities-cataloging and interli-: brary loan-are heavily subsidizing services they neither need nor want. 5 there is january 1990 considerable anecdotal and some empirical evidence to illustrate that libraries, including members of arl, take unfair advantage in relation to their contributions to network participation. the assumption is often made that research libraries with the largest budgets and collections are the largest ill net-lenders. however, among those twenty-five arl libraries with the largest budgets, only ten are among the top twenty-five net-lending libraries in arl. of the other fifteen, eleven are not among the arl top forty largest lenders. curiously, of the arl libraries with the twenty-five largest collections, fifteen are not among the twenty-five largest lenders and eleven are not among the arl top forty-exactly the same numeric result. by contrast, nine of the top twenty-five ill net-lenders in arl have budgets that are not among the arl top forty, and eight of the top twenty-five net-lenders have collections which are not in the top forty. 6 these striking numbers indicate clearly that the ethos of ill resource sharing is not necessarily associated with either the largest budgets or collections. an examination of contributed cataloging would likely produce similar results. there certainly has been no lack of conjecture at oclc users council meetings that libraries with extremely high search levels and low holdings and ftu use are ''ripping off" the database. "networking becomes more an economic decision than one of 'apple pie and motherhood.' '' daily, library managers must refuse to acquire new journal titles, cut book expenditures, and in numerous ways decline to acquire materials for patrons because they do not have the money to do so. only in the area of "free" ill do we assume we can get something for nothing. indeed, free ill can become a straw man used in defense of inadequate budgeting for access to materials primary patrons need. paul gherman argues that ''networking becomes more an economic decision than one of 'apple pie and motherhood.' accordingly, the goal of 'the greatest good for the greatest number' is tempered by the recognition that nothing is free, by the desire to avoid exploitative imbalance of services between libraries, and by preference for contractual or cost-based transactions over open-ended moral commitment."7 criticism of the value of network cooperatives comes not just from the academic research libraries but also from the public library sector. notable among these is thomas ballard. he states that, ''an entirely unsubstantiated belief in cooperative resource sharing as the best way to improve library services has been considered sufficient reason to spend millions of dollars. this is dogma-purely and simply." ballard offers criticism at another level, calling into question the basic assumptions of cooperative network activities with a belief that ''for the patron, bibliographic networking is merely a return to closed stack concept," and that the ''levels of inter-library loan indicate that people really don't want everything. " 8 such opinions from colleagues no doubt raise hackles among the majority in our profession. this occurs because of an intricate belief system that (1) no library has the resources to satisfy all its patrons' needs, (2) library cooperative efforts will fill the gap between patron needs and resources, (3) a national library network built from the bottom up is a self evident good, and (4) libraries have a democractic responsibility to minimize the gap between the information rich and the information poor. 9 library networking even received pontifical support when in 1982 "pope john paul ii ... expressed deep interest in the theological library network founded . . . in rome by 60 representatives of pontifical universities and other catholic as well as non-catholic institutions. " 10 squaring "belief systems" and behaviors how do we reconcile our belief systems with the reality of behavior among institutional participants in library cooperation? resource sharing 13 with the emergence in the 1970s of major bibliographic utilities containing large extraordinarily rich electronic databases, the foundation was laid for the development of a complex array of networking arrangements. today, the local library cooperative is possible only as part of this larger scheme. these utilities came into existence and libraries became cooperating members for two primary reasons-toreduce the cost of cataloging library materials and to use the databases built in this process as a new vehicle for interlibrary lending. no one wants to go back to doing things pre-1970, because the utilities have been extraordinarily effective in helping libraries reduce the cost of labor-intensive manual systems. 11 nonetheless, there are inherent temptations in the way we structure member participation, which encourage libraries to ignore the belief system and to take advantage of their peers. two examples of this structural problem-ill and shared cataloging-are the focus of the balance of this paper. these two activities alone are fundamental illustrations of the great success of automated/electronic networks, and probably point the way to the most cost-effective cooperative activities of the future. 12 however, they are not without flaws. in the discussion which follows, oclc is the prominent example, but the other major bibliographic utilities are affected by similar conditions with the same results. interlibra y loan interlibrary loan should properly be characterized as interlibrary sacrifice, because we have tended to focus narrowly when determining the cost on a tightly defined range of issues, including local staff time, equipment costs, lending charges by the utilities, charges from the lending library, success or fill rate, and turnaround time. 13 these are not inconsequential issues, but they are not sufficient to help us in determining the real cost benefit of ill cooperation or in defining new ways toestablish an adequate added value to this service. it has been frequently argued that the tradition of "free" interlibrary loan is no longer adequate in the electronic environment of the modern bibliographic utility . 14 college & research libraries and that small libraries will lose their initial euphoria over the good of participation as they approach net lending versus net borrowing. 14 herbert white recently stated that ''our attitude comes from acceptance of interlibrary loan not as a pragmatic commodity, but as a moral precept .... this premise now conflicts directly with our evolving responsibilities as resourse managers accountable to those who fund us and those we serve directly. ''15 the problem, as he sees it, is that the lowest priority in ill becomes lending our materials and the highest priority becomes borrowing materials for our patrons. ''the pricing of oclc/ill charges from the perspective of actual costs or as an inducement to lend makes little sense.'' the ill system as presently constituted tempts participants to make cooperation a one-way street, though many avoid the temptation. "the net lenders know who they are, and they also know that they provide far more than they receive.'' 16 an example of the dilemma is ut arlington libraries' ill department which has long prided itself on handling an oclc/ill request within twenty-four hours and has a well-earned reputation for responding quickly. the net result is that lending is on the increase. if it were not for the fact that requests for borrowing have skyrocketed due to a major surge in doctoral education and externally funded research, uta would have long since been a large netlender. in this situation, a library manager is faced with the dilemma of either adding staff and equipment to the ill department in order to meet demands to lend materials, or setting the principle that borrowing is the first priority and responses to requests to lend will be allowed only when all of the borrowing is done. if we were to adopt this stance, requests to borrow would bypass uta in the oclc queue and, before long, requests would begin to decline. january 1990 the pricing of oclc/ill charges from the perspective of actual costs or as an inducement to lend makes little sense. the borrowing charge is 83 cents, and the lending credit is 20 cents. there is no palpable difference between these two costs from oclc' s perspective, and certainly no reason to encourage lending at so insignificant a level. the 20 cents credit for lending does not even qualify as a sop, although oclc' s primary objective is to support system costs, not encourage ill lending. increasingly we hear calls for the actual ''determination of cost honestly, in terms that meet the accounting criteria of the supplier whose perception is ultimately all that matters. cost is not the same thing as price."17 a recent experiment by the missouri state library in which "lending libraries were reimbursed $5.00 for each item loaned, above the number of items borrowed by that library'' seems to point in a reasonable direction.18 likewise, medical libraries participating in talon pay a $4.00 fee per item borrowed. but the determination of standard costs or the call for standard fees19 will take more than guesswork, and must include new cost elements which will be discussed below. shared cataloging it is curious that the cost structure of shared cataloging has not had the same scrutiny nor produced as much literature as ill. there are two obvious omissions here. the first is that studies of pricing tend to focus on the surcharges added by regional networks to oclc costs. 20 these are of some importance, but they are not paramount since the surcharges are a small percentage of the total cost of cataloging and contribute to direct services of the regional networks. the credit on oclc for original contributed cataloging is $1.00 a record. libraries participating in the "enhance project" receive $1.29 for records which they upgrade. one wonders how many libraries could demonstrate that $1.00, or even a $1.29 compensated them adequately for the expense of original cataloging. on the other hand, the oclc charge for prime time use of a record in the database is $1.29. if there ever was a disincentive to contribute original cataloging, this price structure is it. the truth is that utilities, particularly oclc, have reaped the benefit of added value of cataloging supplied by libraries to their union databases. at present oclc estimates that member input (including gpo and nal) is about 76 percent of current cataloging in the oluc (oclc online union catalog). although libraries have viewed utilities as entities they have created to do work for hire, the reality is that libraries are supplying piece-work cataloging to the utilities at a sweat labor price which is resold to other libraries for a tidy sum. how do we correct these shortcomings and remove the temptation to reduce our costs at the expense of other libraries by waiting for some other library to assume the cost of original cataloging? cost -benefit criterion and unit cost method the cost benefit criterion theme stated simply is that as a system changes its expected additional benefits usually must exceed its expected additional costs. 21 there have been numerous calls for cost benefit or cost effectiveness analysis. this always sounds complex. perhaps it can be simplified. 22 kaye gapen says it is time to begin treating the ''access cost'' as equal to the "collection cost." put another way, ''there will be new choices to be made in smaller libraries between low fixed costs and high incremental costs per search strategy. larger libraries are more likely to choose the high fixed cost and low incremental cost strategy at least for very commonly used datafiles. " 23 . cost benefit would work something like this: a library borrowing on ill pays to the lending institution a cost based on the high fixed cost experienced by the lending institution for maintaining materials in its collection and recovering them for lending purposes. similarly, a library contributing original cataloging benefits from this labor in a manner equivalent to the effort and expense of its work. in either case, there is a positive inducement to cooperate and share collection resources or cataloging labor and no inducement to take advantage of the system. the actual unit cost for ill activities resource sharing 15 must be established in order to judge the cost benefit. "techniques have been developed permitting uniform cost analysis for varying libraries. these techniques take into account the fact that nearly all the direct budget contributes to more than one service (book stock and technical services), are a kind of overhead, and that details of cost allocation depend on the actual levels of service rendered. " 24 obviously, unit cost will vary from library to library, but a sample can provide a relatively standard method of determining unit costs. a good example of the unit cost method is the work done recently at virginia tech. 25 how would this work in our electronic network environment? put another way, how will unit cost be established and who will pay? examples of ill and cataloging help explain the use of the cost benefit and unit cost approach. to use white's phrase, ill is temporary acquisition. ''the real decision is between permanent and temporary acquisition. permanent acquisition costs more initially, but that cost is not repeated for each future use. temporary acquisition costs less one time, but if it is repeated the costs reach an equal level. " 26 we should also recognize that each time a library lends through ill it may lose an opportunity for its own patrons to use an item in which it has invested at high fixed cost. this happens in two ways. first, the item may not be on the shelf when the patron goes to look for it. second, there is a loss due to wear-and-tear on the item which now has one less circulation in its expected ''life span." a recent in-house study entitled ''cost data for the virginia tech library" established the total cost of purchase and shelving monograph volumes at $106 each and the total cost for purchase and shelving of serials volumes at $181 each. this per item investment represents a finite number of uses, and each time a library lends materials to non primary patrons the net result is a potential loss on that investment. assuming 25 circulations per item for a typical publishers book binding, virginia tech is dissipating $4.24 per monograph for each ill loan that it makes. 17 likewise, if a "class a" serial binding lasts 50 circulations, the loss per photocopy-loan 16 college & research libraries amounts to $3.62. conversely, the borrowing library is saving an equal amount. an arl library lending 70,000 items per year (half books and half serial copies) has lost $275,100 of its capital investment in collections. using the unit cost method, a formula could be developed that factors in the lending libraries staff expenditures, periodical expenditures and monograph expenditures of over a five-year period. the staff expenditure would have to be indexed on the average salary for staff. periodical expenditures would be indexed on the average cost per title and book expenditures on the average cost per volume. this would take into account regional differences in wages and the variable character of collecting costs depending on the relative emphasis in each institution on different types of materials. it might also be helpful to develop an index of collection size, because there is an implicit cost for maintenance, although this may be captured in the staff cost index. by gathering these statistics, annually libraries would provide the basis for establishing the unit cost for lending both photocopy and book stock. this unit cost would be an added value to the interlibrary loan transaction, which would be paid directly to the lending institution by the borrowing institution. a palpable billing nightmare could be caused by such a system, but there is a simple way out. it has been suggested that ''since oclc already bills requestors for its own transaction fee, it could possibly expand that accounting capability to include collecting and disbursing ill fees. " 28 at its march 16, 1989, meeting the amigos board voted to request formally that such a scheme of payment be incorporated into the oclc "new system" design. that action was based on a white paper submitted by the amigos ill policy review committee. the white paper proposes that each year participating libraries supply oclc with their ill charges based on type of materials. ~hese ill charges, or the actual unit cost, would be posted on the oclc system in the name and address directory. obviously, libraries would make borrowing choices, at least in part, based on these borrowing january 1990 charges. when a library borrowed material, the unit cost (ill charge) of the lending library would be added to the oclc borrowing charge. on a monthly basis the difference between lending and borrowing costs would be reconciled for oclc billing. this sort of system would not cause a billing and paying nightmare, but would eliminate one that currently exists for some libraries. for instance, a state of texas payment voucher for ill costs uta libraries, the university and the state more than $40.00 in paperwork expenses just to pay the lending library as little as a dollar. moreover, this sort of unit-cost system would not prevent libraries from continuing existing arrangements of reciprocal borrowing agreement,s if they chose to do so. ''the real cost of original cataloging is significantly higher than the oclc payment for original contributed cataloging or the 'enhance project.' " many libraries are moving toward unit cost recovery, whether they call it that or not. furthermore, each library could choose to fund this real ill acquisition cost or pass on the expense to their patrons. in any event, a library choosing in favor of a ''high cost per transaction but a small fixed cost'' would bear the responsiblity for that choice and interlibrary loan would cease to be interlibrary sacrifice.29 the cost of cooper:ative cataloging presents a slightly different set of issues, but deserves much more discussion than it has received. the point was made earlier that the cost of original cataloging is significantly higher than the oclc payment for original contributed cataloging or the ''enhance project.'' establishing the unit cost for cataloging in an individual library is probably not necessary. instead, a sample of cost elements in cataloging for a number of libraries could be used to establish an average unit cost for original cataloging of different formats perhaps at a minimum of $50 per title. any library would be entitled to payment for its contributions to the oluc based on these unit costs which would certainly be far higher than the present payment for original input. when would a library be entitled to payment? there are several possibilities. payment could be made at the time of the initial input of the record if the title had not already been cataloged or if the recataloging was being done by an "enhance" library. a better system would pay a library when the cataloging copy was used by another library, either by paying in a lump sum (e.g., $50.00) or paying incrementally for each use of the record until the lump sum was reached (e.g., $5.00 a use up to the maximum of $50.00). the latter method has the advantage of letting re-use of the record establish its fair market value. this brings us to one final question. who will pay the unit cost for this original cataloging? the point was made earlier that the added value for original cataloging is contributed by the member libraries, and at least in some measure it is represented in oclc' s corporate equity $49 million or net worth. 30 thus, oclc should pay the lion's share of this new unit cost. conclusions oclc recognizes that the structure of member participation-whether ill or contributed cataloging-induces use of, but not contribution to the oluc. during the last year, oclc has been exploring ways to resolve this dilemma. recently it announced a highly innovative restructuring of pricing arrangements called ''contribution pricing.'' if implemented as planned in 1990, the structure of "contribution pricing'' may well provide a foundation for resolving the problems of the present network arrangement. briefly, the new scheme makes ''least cost participation occur at full database contribution levels" by charging for access (bibliographic searches and holdings displays) and giving credits for contribution (original cataloging, add/ delete holdings, create/update ldr' s, and ill lending and requesting). removal of economic temptation to contribute less and reward resource sharing 17 for continued full cataloging and holdings contribution are among the benefits the oclc says should arise from ''contribution pricing." whether the reward for contributed cataloging will reflect the real unit cost depends on how realistic oclc is about paying libraries for the added value they provide to oluc. whether the temptation to borrow first and lend later is diminished will depend on whether an accounting mechanism for recovery of the unit cost of lending is provided in the new system for those libraries that wish to use it. oclc deserves credit for understanding a fundamental flaw inherent in the structure of network participation and praise for a creative new approach to remedying it. 31 moreover, the preservation of the national library database, which has figured largely in recent debates over ownership of bibliographic records (e.g., oclc copyright) and the encouragement of broad participation by libraries in building that database is likely to be dependent on just such a change. so long as the inducements in our network arrangements reward borrowing, using original cataloging contributed by other libraries, or downloading records without setting the holdings byte-we may expect the present state of affairs to continue. unequal contribution is a natural and expected outcome. what should surprise us is that many, perhaps most, libraries make an honest effort to contribute their share. the point argued here is that the inducements should have long since been arranged to reward participation. this paper touches on the two most successful examples of cooperation in the electronic environment-shared cataloging and interlibrary lending. there are potential areas of cooperation that we are just beginning to explore including collection development, preservation, and training. these incipient activities will present many of the same issues as those of cataloging and ill. thus, the library community faces a significant challenge in resolving the current dilemmas explored in this paper. we should be reminded in this undertaking of the old adage "not to decide, is to decide." 18 college & research libraries january 1990 references and notes 1. richard m. dougherty, "resource sharing among research libraries: how it ought to work/' collection management 9:79-80 (2/3, summer/fall 1987); edward m. walters, "the issues and needs of local library consortium," journal of library administration 8:25-28 (3/4, fall/winter 1987); and irene b. hoadley, "the future of networks and oclc/' journal of library administration 8:85-87 (3/4, fall/winter, 1987). 2. joan s. segal, "networks," in financing information services: problems, changing approaches, and new opportunities for academic and research libraries, ed. by peter spyers-duran and thomas w. mann, jr. new directions in librarianship, no.6, p.141 (westport, conn.: greenwood press, 1985). 3. walters, p.15-24. 4. richard degennaro, "resource sharing in a network environment/' library journal104:355 (feb. 1, 1980); dougherty, p.80; and donald e. riggs, "networking and institutional planning/' journal of library administration 8:64 (3/4, fall/winter 1987). 5. thomas w. shaughnessy, "management perspectives on network membership," journal of library administration 8:10 (3/4, fall/winter 1987). 6. association of research libraries, arl statistics, 1987-88 (washington, d.c.: association of research libraries, 1989), p.42, 49, 54, 55. 7. paul m. gherman, "vision and reality: the research libraries and networking," journal of library administration 8:52 (3/4, fall/winter 1987). 8. thomas ballard, "dogma clouds the facts/' american libraries 257 (april, 1985); see also richard t. sweeney, "financial impacts of networking and resource sharing/' public library quarterly 2:91-94 (3/4, fall/winter 1981). 9. walters, p.23. 10. "pope encourages library network/' catholic library world 53:418 (may/june, 1982). 11. see, for instance, kazuko m. dailey, grazia jaroff, and diana gray. "rlin and oclc-side by side: two comparisons studies,'' in advances in library administration and organization, ed. by gerard mccabe, bernard kreissman, and w. carl jackson, v.1 (greenwich, conn.: jai press, 1982); elaine kemp and others, "a comparison of oclc, rlg/rlin, and wln," journal of library automation 14:215-30 (3, september, 1981); danuta a. nitecki, "online interlibrary services: an informal comparison of five systems/' rq 20:7-14 (fall1981). 12. sweeney, p.95. 13. gloria s. cline, "the high price of interlibrary loan service" rq 27:80-86 (fall1987); izabella taler, "automated and manual ill: time effectiveness and success rate" information technologies and libraries 1:277-80 (september 1982). 14. de gennaro, p.353. 15. herbert s. white, "interlibrary loan: an old idea in a new setting" library journal112:53 (july 1987). 16. ibid. 17. ibid. 18. richardt. miller, "net lending: a follow-up report" show-me libraries 38:3-4 (august 1987). 19. see, for instance, cline, p.80-86. 20. leslie r. morris, "network prices: let the buyer beware" technical services quarterly 4:57-66 (summer 1987). 21. charles t. horngren, introduction to management accounting (englewood cliffs, n.j.: prenticehall, inc., 6th ed., 1984), p.13-16, 685. · 22. martin m. cummings, "cost analysis: methods and realities/' library administration and management, 3:181-83 (fall1989); and paul metz, "special pleading versus self-discipline in the financing of public services" journal of academic librarianship, 14:208-13 (sept. 1988). 23. d. kaye gapen, "strategies for networking in the next ten years" journal of library administration 8:118-27 (fall/winter 1987). 24. paul b. kantor, "the relation between costs and services in academic libraries/' p.74. in financing information services: problems, changing approaches, and new opportunities for academic and research libraries. ed. by peter spyers-duran and thomas w. mann, jr. new directions in librarianship, no.6 (westport, conn.: greenwood press, 1985). resource sharing 19 25. paul m. gherman and lynn scott cochran, "developing and using unit costs: the virginia tech experience" library administration and management 3:93-96 (2, spring 1989). 26. white, p.54. 27. for an average number of circulations, see maurice f. tauber. ed., library binding manual: a handbook of useful procedures for the maintenance of library volumes (boston, mass.: library binding institute, 1972), p.22-24, 36-37, 140. 28. de gennaro, p.354. 29. gapen, p.127. 30. online computerized library center, inc., oclc annual report, 1987/88 (dublin, ohio: oclc, inc., 1988), p.l. 31. the description of "contribution pricing" provided here is based on handouts and presentations by oclc staff given during the amigos bibliographic council, inc. membership meeting in dallas, texas, may 17, 1988, and the oclc users council meeting in dublin, ohio, may 25-26, 1989, both attended by the author. bordeianu.p65 532 college & research libraries november 1999 paraprofessional catalogers in arl libraries sever bordeianu and virginia seiser the authors conducted a survey of arl member libraries to identify the minimum education and experience required of paraprofessional cata­ logers. the majority of surveyed libraries responded that they use para­ professionals to catalog various types of materials. a higher number of libraries use paraprofessionals in copy cataloging than in original cata­ loging. although no single model of education and training for parapro­ fessional catalogers exists, certain patterns emerge. the educational expectations for copy catalogers are lower than those for original cata­ logers. training takes place on the job. the library profession is not as far along in developing structured paraprofessional degree requirements along the same lines as other professions, such as law or medicine. t the beginning of this century, graduates of the newly created library schools were being hired to fill positions formerly held by staff members who had acquired their knowledge of library work on the job. the appearance of librarians with professional degrees diminished the op­ portunities for nondegreed staff to work their way up within the system. as we approach the end of the century, the pen­ dulum appears to be swinging the other way. a number of academic libraries are hiring paraprofessionals to do some jobs that were formerly restricted to librarians with the mls degree. however, this is not uniformly the case. nor is there general agreement about important issues such as hiring prerequisites, on-the-job train­ ing, and promotion criteria among those libraries that are hiring paraprofession­ als to fill higher-level positions. the university of new mexico gen­ eral library has a number of successful examples of staff members with little postsecondary education, but high apti­ tude, and many years of library experi­ ence, who have taken advantage of op­ portunities for on-the-job training to work their way up to higher-level paraprofes­ sional positions. recently however, the university of new mexico human re­ sources department implemented a new staff job classification system for the en­ tire campus, including the libraries. from the library perspective, two of the more controversial features of the new staff classification system were the signifi­ cantly more stringent education require­ ments for higher-level paraprofessional positions and the absence of a provision to allow experience to be substituted for years of education in meeting minimum requirements. some library staff members sever bordeianu is head of the serials cataloging section at the university of new mexico; e-mail: sbordeia@unm.edu. virginia seiser is director, budget and personnel, at the university of new mexico; e-mail: vseiser@unm.edu. 532 mailto:vseiser@unm.edu mailto:sbordeia@unm.edu paraprofessional catalogers in arl libraries 533 who had worked their way up to higherlevel positions under the old system now found themselves “grandfathered in” to positions they could not have qualified for under the new system. for some, per­ sonal circumstances made it unfeasible to take more than one college course per semester. at that rate, such staff members would qualify for retirement before they could meet the degree requirements even to qualify for a transfer to another posi­ tion in their current grade, much less for a promotion to the next higher grade. this had a significant negative effect on the morale of some of the library’s outstand­ ing staff members. the university had created a “sheepskin ceiling.” when the university established a committee to make recommendations about career ladders within the library “job family,” the opportunity was taken to address the issue of education require­ ments for specific library positions. to provide more context for the discussion, information was gathered from compa­ rable libraries elsewhere in the country. literature review discussions about the role of paraprofes­ sionals in libraries abound in the library literature. this is not surprising, given the estimate that paraprofessionals constitute between 50 and 85 percent of the library workforce.1 jennifer a. younger has as­ serted that support staff have assumed increasingly responsible assignments in libraries, and by the mid-1990s, the bal­ ance in libraries is shifting toward more support staff and fewer librarians.2 these statements pertain to all areas of librarianship, in both public and techni­ cal services. this article focuses on the role of paraprofessionals in cataloging. the term paraprofessional is used here to mean a library employee who does not have master ’s degree in library/information science. the participation of paraprofessionals in cataloging activities is amply docu­ mented in the library literature. several studies performed during the past two decades have indicated that paraprofes­ sional participation in cataloging has been increasing steadily since 1977.3 two sur­ veys of arl libraries confirm these find­ ings. in 1986, sharon e. clark found that of fifteen respondents to a survey sent to nineteen arl member libraries, most re­ ported that staff performed copy catalog­ ing.4 in 1997, deborah a. mohr and anita schunemann reported that 77 percent of arl respondents to a 1995 survey indi­ cated that paraprofessionals were in­ volved in some form of original catalog­ ing.5 most other articles on this topic have reported similar findings and agree with daren callahan and judy macleod’s as­ sertion that “responsibility for much of the copy cataloging and even some simple original cataloging is increasingly given to paraprofessionals.”6 although the trend toward increased participation of paraprofessionals in cata­ loging is recognized in the literature, there is also agreement that these catalogers need to be trained. opinions differ about the level of cataloging appropriate to as­ sign to paraprofessionals, ranging from simple copy cataloging to complex origi­ nal cataloging. the literature provides little detailed information on the educa­ tional background or number of years of relevant experience necessary for a para­ professional to perform specific catalog­ ing assignments. in a study of job descriptions for para­ professional catalogers for the years 1975, 1981, and 1990, carol p. johnson found that during this period, paraprofessional jobs were not significantly upgraded due to automation. however, she stated that due to this changing environment, the analysis of qualifications needed to per­ form at each level of the library organiza­ tion is “a legitimate subject of research.”7 sheila s. intner, a prominent library educator, asserted that the education of copy catalogers is different from that of professionals and envisions an educa­ tional system for paraprofessional cata­ logers similar to that for paraprofession­ als in the fields of law and medicine, with­ out giving specifics as to what should be taught in these programs.8 claire-lise 534 college & research libraries november 1999 benaud mentioned a bachelor’s degree and an unspecified number of years of experience as a minimum requirement for paraprofessional catalogers.9 callahan and mcleod concluded that because re­ quired skills for paraprofessional catalog­ ers have changed from typing and filing skills to experience with computer appli­ cations and an understanding of library organization, paraprofessionals need a comprehensive education that encour­ ages critical thinking.10 two articles have addressed specific requirements for either education or train­ ing. robert m. hiatt described in detail the education and training required of paraprofessional catalogers at the library of congress in 1987.11 at that time, cata­ logers at the library specialized in either descriptive or subject cataloging. the sys­ tem had an elaborate formula for provid­ ing an equivalent to the mls through substitution of a ba and three years of general or two years of specialized library experience for descriptive catalogers. in the case of subject catalogers, a subject master’s degree could be substituted for the ba and/or mls. in both cases, exper­ tise in at least two foreign languages also was required. james s. chervinko pro­ vided a five-step model to be used in the training of paraprofessional catalogers.12 the model assumes certain prerequisites, such as the trainee’s familiarity with the marc record and aacr2, broad subject competence, knowledge of a foreign lan­ guage, the capacity to recognize problems and the willingness to ask questions, as well as compatibility between trainer and trainee. the five steps consist of learning and mastering increasingly complex cata­ loging tasks, starting with simple adap­ tive cataloging and ending with less-than­ complex original cataloging. these two reports provide useful information on some of the educational and training re­ quirements for paraprofessional catalog­ ers. the most comprehensive study on the role of paraprofessionals in libraries was conducted by larry r. oberg, mark e. mentges, p. n. mcdermott, and vitoon harusadangkul in 1992. from a sample of nearly 500 libraries, consisting of arl libraries and carnegie classification uni­ versities, the authors received 390 usable responses. the study was broad and looked at all aspects of paraprofessional involvement in libraries. for cataloging, the findings indicated that over 90 per­ cent of arl libraries assign copy catalog­ ing to paraprofessionals, 51 percent assign original description, and 36 percent as­ sign original description, subject analy­ sis, and classification. the numbers are slightly lower for the study’s non-arl sample.13 regarding education, the study found 93 percent of arl respondents re­ quired a high school degree of all or some of their employees, 58 percent an associ­ ate degree, 76 percent a bachelor ’s degree, and 24 percent a graduate degree. of the carnegie sample libraries, the study re­ ported that 98 percent required a high school degree, 62 percent an associate degree, 64 percent a bachelor ’s degree, and 9 percent a graduate degree.14 ninetyseven percent of arl libraries and 65 per­ cent of carnegie libraries reported that they employ at least some paraprofession­ als who hold a degree higher than what is required. this finding seems to indi­ cate that educational requirements for paraprofessionals in research libraries does not present a problem in the area of employee recruitment, as candidates of­ ten exceed the minimum required edu­ cation level. another landmark study was con­ ducted by patricia a. eskoz over a fouryear period. eskoz sent a survey to the cataloging departments of 106 libraries in 1983–1984 and followed up with forty of the original respondents via phone inter­ views in 1986–1987.15 although the pur­ pose of the study was to determine the organizational structures of cataloging departments and to analyze their evolu­ tion over the time period under scrutiny, the study did reveal the increased in­ volvement of paraprofessionals in cata­ loging activities. the article did not ad­ dress the issue of qualification or train­ ing but did state that “cataloging is not a http:1986�1987.15 http:degree.14 http:sample.13 http:catalogers.12 http:thinking.10 paraprofessional catalogers in arl libraries 535 mystical art and most of the skills re­ quired can be learned on the job.”16 this observation, though not empirical, is sig­ nificant because it expresses unequivo­ cally the attitude of many professionals toward the learning and acquisition of cataloging skills. the decision was made to focus on paraprofessional cataloging posi­ tions because the tasks performed in cataloging are more standardized across libraries than seems to be the case for other types of library positions. the literature indicates that most librar­ ies have in-house training programs for paraprofessional catalogers. jane b. robbins stated that the teaching of cata­ loging is taking place in libraries rather than library schools.17 clark’s 1987 survey of nineteen arl libraries found that slightly more than half the responding li­ braries operated a formal training pro­ gram.18 judith hudson reported that these programs vary from structured classes to individualized one-on-one training.19 there is also some indication that the train­ ing of paraprofessionals is similar to that of entry-level professional catalogers.20,21 several authors mentioned that whatever the format of the training programs, they are unnecessarily time-consuming.22,23 finally, there is agreement in the lit­ erature that the status of paraprofessional catalogers is an issue. despite the fact that paraprofessionals are increasingly re­ sponsible for the creation of cataloging records in libraries, their salaries and per­ quisites lag behind those of professional catalogers. several authors expressed opinions on how to address these inequi­ ties. johnson stated that improvement in the status of paraprofessionals depends on the level of authority, autonomy, and skill assigned to a job.24 chervinko as­ serted that after paraprofessionals have reached the highest level of competency, presumably similar to that of professional catalogers, they should be given the same rewards and rights as the professionals: job classification upgrades, travel sup­ port, time off to study foreign languages, and the proper computer equipment.25 methodology arl has 121 members representing the major research institutions in the united states and canada. the membership in­ cludes 110 academic libraries, among them, the university of new mexico. arl maintains an electronic list service link­ ing the library directors for its academic library members by e-mail. in august 1998, the unm general library submit­ ted a brief questionnaire by electronic mail to that list. the decision was made to focus on paraprofessional cataloging positions be­ cause the tasks performed in cataloging are more standardized across libraries than seems to be the case for other types of library positions. the questionnaire was designed to be short and simple to encourage quick response. the questions concerned minimum education and ex­ perience requirements for paraprofes­ sional cataloging positions at two levels: copy cataloging and original cataloging. the results of the initial survey were sufficiently interesting to encourage the authors to send out a second request for information to those arl academic librar­ ies that had not initially responded. this was done in february 1999. the same questions were asked and the same ex­ planatory paragraph used, but this time the query was sent to the library admin­ istrator who appeared to have responsi­ bility for the library’s overall cataloging effort. usually, that individual was the head of the catalog department. all but four of the queries were sent electronically to the personal e-mail address of the ad­ ministrator; the remaining four were sent by u.s. mail when a personal e-mail ad­ dress could not be readily identified. results thirty-one arl academic library direc­ tors provided responses to the august 1998 query, and an additional twentyseven libraries responded to the febru­ http:equipment.25 http:training.19 http:schools.17 536 college & research libraries november 1999 table 1 postsecondary education as a minimum requirement for a paraprofessional cataloging position no equivalent position no postsecondary requirement copy cataloger 9 15.5% 26 44.8% original cataloger 19 32.8% 13 22.4% postsecondary education can substitute for experience education and experience interchangeable postsecondary education required 4 8 11 6.9% 13.8% 19.0% 6 2 18 10.3% 3.4% 31.0% total 58 100% 58 99.9%* *due to rounding ary 1999 query, for a total of fifty-eight responses. the combined response rate was 52.7 percent. the questionnaire responses were di­ vided into five categories: 1. no equivalent position (paraprofes­ sionals do not perform the cataloging tasks described in the questionnaire). 2. no postsecondary requirement (education beyond high school is not a prerequisite for hiring paraprofessionals at this level). 3. postsecondary education required (education beyond high school is a pre­ requisite for hiring paraprofessionals at this level). 4. postsecondary education can be substituted for experience (education be­ yond high school is not an absolute pre­ requisite but can be counted in lieu of some the years of work experience required for hiring paraprofessionals at this level). 5. education and experience inter­ changeable (prerequisites for hiring para­ professionals at this level can be met by a specified number of years of postsecondary education or work experi­ ence or a combination of both). the number of responses in each of these five categories are shown in table 1. paraprofessional copy cataloging positions following are the results for questions about paraprofessional copy cataloging positions: 1. no equivalent position: nine librar­ ies (15.5%) reported that they did not have copy cataloger positions for paraprofes­ sional staff. 2. no postsecondary requirement: twenty-six libraries (44.8%) did not count postsecondary education toward the minimum requirements for paraprofes­ sional positions for copy catalogers. of these twenty-six, three required no expe­ rience and three required a passing grade on an examination. the work experience for the remaining libraries ranged from one to six years: three libraries required one year of experience; seven required two years; one required three years; three required four years; and one required six years. five libraries required experience but did not specify the number of years required. these results are summarized in table 2. 3. postsecondary education required: eleven libraries (19%) required postsecondary edu­ cation for paraprofessional copy cataloger positions. the number of years of postsecondary education required ranged from two to four: four libraries required two years of postsecondary education; one required a three-year diploma (cana­ dian); and six required four years of col­ lege and/or a bachelor ’s degree. of the eleven libraries, ten required experience in addition to education. for those libraries that had a specific requirement for years of work experience, the range was from one to five years: five libraries required paraprofessional catalogers in arl libraries 537 5. education and expe-table 2 rience interchangeable: experience required when postsecondary eight libraries (13.8%)education does not count toward meeting had requirements that al-minimum requirements lowed years of expericopy cataloger no experience required 3 exam required 3 "some" experience required 5 1 year of experience required 3 2 years of experience required 7 3 years of experience required 1 4 years of experience required 3 5 years of experience required o 6 years of experience required 1 total 26 one year of work experience in addition to a specified number of years of postsecondary education; one library required two years of work experience; one required three years; and one, five years. two libraries required work experience in addition to a bachelor’s degree but did not specify the number of years. these results are shown in table 3. 4. postsecondary education can be sub­ stituted for experience: four libraries (6.9%) required work experience but allowed years of postsecondary education to be substituted for part of the experience. the formulas used varied, but all specified at least one year of experience with some level of postsecondary education or four to five years of experience without addi­ tional education. ence and postsecondaryoriginal education to be countedcataloger interchangeably, using o variations on a one-to­2 one or two-to-one for­2 mula. the sum of yearso required varied from two 6 to five years.1 1 paraprofessional2 original cataloging2 positions16 following are the re­ sults for the questions about paraprofessional original catalog­ ing positions: 1. no equivalent position: nineteen li­ braries (32.8%) reported that they did not have original cataloger positions for para­ professional staff. 2. no postsecondary requirement: thir­ teen libraries (22.4%) did not count postsecondary education toward the minimum requirements for paraprofes­ sional positions for original catalogers. all thirteen required either a passing grade on an examination or years of work ex­ perience. two libraries required a pass­ ing grade on an examination. the work experience requirement for the remaining libraries ranged from two to six years: three libraries required two years of ex­ perience; one required three years; one table 3 combined minimum requirements for those paraprofessional copy cataloging positions requiring postsecondary education years of experience o "some" 2 3 4 5 2 years of college 3-year degree* 4 years of college bachelor's degree 2 2 3 *canadian technical program diploma 538 college & research libraries november 1999 table 4 combined minimum requirements for those paraprofessional original cataloging positions requiring post-secondary education. years of experience o "some" 2 3 4 5 2 years of college 3-year degree* 4 years of college bachelor's degree 3 2 2 4 2 2 *canadian technical program diploma required four years; two required five years; and two required six years. two libraries required work experience but did not specify the number of years. the results are summarized in table 2. 3. postsecondary education required: eighteen libraries (31%) required post­ secondary education for paraprofessional positions for original catalogers. the number of years of postsecondary edu­ cation required ranged from two to four: one library required two years of postsecondary education; two required a three-year diploma (canadian); and fif­ teen required four years of college and/ or a bachelor ’s degree. all but one of the eighteen libraries required work experi­ ence. for those libraries that had a spe­ cific requirement for years of work expe­ rience, the range was from one to three years: four libraries required one year of experience; six required two years; and four required three years. three libraries required work experience in addition to a bachelor ’s degree but did not specify a number of years of experience. these re­ sults are shown in table 4. 4. postsecondary education can be sub­ stituted for experience: six libraries (10.3%) required experience but allowed years of postsecondary education to be substi­ tuted for part of the experience. the for­ mulas used were quite varied. 5. education and experience interchange­ able: two libraries (3.4%) had require­ ments that allowed years of experience and postsecondary education to be counted interchangeably, on a one-to-one basis. the sum of years required was four in one case and five in the other. comments a number of responding libraries quali­ fied their responses concerning minimum requirements by indicating that addi­ tional education and/or experience was preferred and that most or all of the in­ cumbents in the positions had more than the minimum. the brief questionnaire did not ask specifically about the existence of an examination, so it is possible that more libraries in the sample required an exam than were reported here. several librar­ ies noted that although they had a sys­ tem on paper specifying the minimum re­ quirements that outside applicants needed to be considered for positions at that level, the fact was that all the exist­ ing positions had been filled by promo­ tion from within the library. a number of libraries qualified their responses regarding minimum require­ ments for experience with terms such as relevant or cataloging or library experience. in the case of original cataloging posi­ tions, a few libraries specified that candi­ dates had to have experience in the next lower grade; paraprofessionals in those libraries were expected to “work their way up” from copy cataloging to origi­ nal cataloging within the employing li­ brary. some libraries volunteered information about specific skill requirements, such as computer skills or foreign-language abil­ ity, in addition to years of experience and paraprofessional catalogers in arl libraries 539 education. of the libraries requiring postsecondary education, a few were spe­ cific about the type of academic program or courses taken. some required a two-year associate degree (u.s.) or a three-year tech­ nical program diploma (canada); others specified course work in cataloging. discussion as shown in table 1, most of the respond­ ing libraries reported that they employed paraprofessionals to do cataloging. how­ ever, fewer libraries reported using para­ professionals to do original cataloging than copy cataloging. a higher number of libraries use paraprofessionals in copy cataloging (84.5% of respondents) than in original cataloging (67% of respon­ dents). the majority of libraries that did em­ ploy paraprofessional copy catalogers did not require postsecondary education to meet the minimum qualifications for the position. however, many indicated that additional education was desirable and some implied that it was highly unlikely that anyone without additional education would be a successful candidate, given the competition for the job. most required some experience to meet the minimum qualifications regardless of level of educa­ tion, and some were very specific about the type of experience required. the librar­ ies indicating that an examination was re­ quired implied that this was a measure of work experience, in lieu of specifying a specific number of years of experience. the responses from the libraries em­ ploying paraprofessional original catalog­ ers were less clear-cut regarding postsecondary education as a minimum requirement (see table 1). excluding the gray area of libraries using formulas for comparability of education and experi­ ence, a few more libraries reported a mini­ mum requirement for postsecondary edu­ cation than those who reported no mini­ mum requirement. of those reporting no minimum postsecondary education re­ quirement, many volunteered the informa­ tion that it was preferred. only one library did not require either some experience or a passing grade on a qualifying examina­ tion for a paraprofessional position doing original cataloging, and that one was a case requiring a bachelor ’s degree. of those reporting a minimum requirement for postsecondary education, the largest clus­ ter of responses was for four years of col­ lege and/or a bachelor ’s degree, as well as two years of experience (see table 4). conclusion the findings of the current study agree with other reports from the literature. the majority of surveyed libraries responded that they use paraprofessionals to cata­ log various types of materials. a higher number of libraries use paraprofession­ als in copy cataloging (84.5% of respon­ dents) than in original cataloging (67% of respondents). although no singular model of education and training for para­ professional catalogers exists, certain pat­ terns become apparent when analyzing the data from responding libraries. as would be expected, the educational requirements for copy catalogers are lower than they are for original catalogers. only 19 percent of respondents required a postsecondary degree for copy catalogers. for the rest of the respondents, the require­ ments ranged from no postsecondary edu­ cation to a combination of either some edu­ cation or some years of experience. postsecondary education for original para­ professional catalogers was required by 31 percent of respondents. the rest of the li­ braries required a variety of other qualifi­ cations, ranging from a passing grade on an examination to multiple years of expe­ rience. in some cases, experience or postsecondary education can be used in­ terchangeably, but libraries use different formulas for calculating their equivalence. comments provided by respondents to the questionnaire corroborate another finding from the literature. in many cases, appli­ cants or incumbents in library paraprofes­ sional positions exceed the minimum re­ quirements for that position. 540 college & research libraries the picture that emerges from this study is that although the educational require­ ments for paraprofessional catalogers are not codified to the same extent as for pro­ fessional catalogers, there is some similar­ ity among libraries in their expectations for these staff. informal comments provided by respondents, findings from the literature, and direct observation also suggest that the higher-level paraprofessional catalogers usually reach their position by promotion from within, presumably after learning the necessary skills and advancing to the next stage of cataloging complexity. november 1999 the library profession is not as far along in developing structured parapro­ fessional degree requirements as other professions are (such as law or medicine), even though the literature discusses this possibility.26 the canadian system and the u.s. system appear to be developing different standards (e.g., the three-year technical diploma versus the two-year associate degree). the fact that a relatively low number of libraries require postsecondary degrees implies that the workplace is still the preferred place to learn cataloging. notes 1. terry rodgers, the library professional: notes from the underground (jefferson, n.c.: mcfarland, 1997), 1. 2. jennifer a. younger, “support staff and librarians in cataloging,” cataloging & classifica­ tion quarterly 23, no.1 (1996): 29. 3. deborah a. mohr and anita schunemann, “changing roles: original cataloging by para­ professionals in arl libraries,” library resources & technical services 41 (july 1997): 206. 4. sharon e. clark, “managing copy cataloging in arl libraries,” spec flyer 136 (july– aug. 1987): 1. 5. mohr and schunemann, “changing roles,” 216. 6. daren callahan and judy macleod, “management issues and the challenge for catalog­ ing education,” technical services quarterly 13, no. 2 (1996): 16. 7. carol p. johnson, “the changing nature of jobs: a paraprofessional time series,” college & research libraries 57 (jan. 1996): 66. 8. sheila s. intner, “the education of copy catalogers,” technicalities 11 (mar. 1991): 4. 9. claire-lise benaud, “the academic paraprofessional cataloger: underappreciated,” cata­ loging & classification quarterly 15, no. 3 (1992): 86. 10. callahan and macleod, “management issues and the challenge for cataloging educa­ tion,” 17. 11. robert m. hiatt, “education and training of cataloging staff at the library of congress,” cataloging & classification quarterly 7, no. 4 (1987): 123. 12. james s. chervinko, “the changing state of original cataloging: who’s going to do it now?” illinois libraries 74 (dec. 1992): 494. 13. larry r. oberg, mark e. mentges, p. n. mcdermott, and vitoon harusadangkul, “the role, status, and working conditions of paraprofessionals: a national survey of academic li­ braries,” college & research libraries 53 (may 1992): 224–231. 14. ibid., 221. 15. patricia a. eskoz, “the catalog librarian—change or status quo? results of a survey of academic libraries,” library resources & technical services 34 (july 1990): 380. 16. ibid., 391. 17. jane b. robbins, “fiction and reality in educating catalogers,” in sheila s. intner and janet swan hill, eds., cataloging: the professional development cycle (new york: greenwood pr., 1991), 60. 18. clark, “managing copy cataloging in arl libraries,” 2. 19. judith hudson, “on-the-job training for cataloging and classification,” cataloging & clas­ sification quarterly 7, no. 4 (1987): 72. 20. younger, “support staff and librarians in cataloging,” 33. 21. hiatt, “education and training of cataloging staff at the library of congress,” 126. 22. clark, “managing copy cataloging in arl libraries,” 2. 23. robbins, “fiction and reality in educating catalogers,” 66. 24. johnson, “the changing nature of jobs,” 60. 25. chervinko, “the changing state of original cataloging,” 494. 26. intner, “the education of copy catalogers,” 4. http:possibility.26 libby.indd 550 a survey on the outsourcing of cataloging in academic libraries katherine a. libby and dana m. caudle katherine a. libby is catalog librarian at sherrod library at east tennessee state university; e-mail: libby@access.etsu-tn.edu. dana m. caudle is science/technology cataloger at auburn university libraries; e-mail: dcaudle@lib.auburn.edu the authors conducted a survey on outsourcing of cataloging in academic libraries in order to determine the extent of outsourcing being done in academic libraries and the overall success of such projects. the survey instrument included questions about factors that might affect the decision to outsource, what reasons libraries had for outsourcing or not outsourcing, what was being outsourced, and how vendors were chosen. libraries were also asked to evaluate the success of outsourcing projects. the results show that outsourcing of cataloging is not a strong trend in academic libraries, but that libraries which outsourced were generally pleased with results. there also seems to be a correlation between size of collection and number of new titles cataloged annually and the decision to outsource. utsourcing has been a hot topic in cataloging circles in the last decade, especially since the wright state university library made its controversial decision to outsource all of its cataloging operations to oclc techpro in 1993. this sparked many heated discussions regarding the value and quality of outsourced cataloging, as well as many articles describing outsourced projects. however, no one has determined the extent to which academic libraries actually outsource cataloging or the overall success of these endeavors. therefore, we decided it would be both interesting and appropriate to conduct a survey to address these issues. claire-lise benaud and sever bordeianu of the university of new mexico are also researching outsourcing in academic libraries and include several general questions on outsourcing of cataloging in their recent survey. because our survey focuses on cataloging in greater detail and includes an assessment of the results of outsourcing projects, our results should complement, rather than duplicate, their effort. literature review the literature review mainly covers the literature published in the 1990’s, since li�le was published on outsourcing in the 1980’s (a finding borne out by the comprehensive literature review on outsourcing in an article by karen a. wilson).1 also, cataloging technology and methods have changed too much for earlier articles to be germane. this review is not a comprehensive survey of the topic. rather it includes representative pieces. we found three basic types of materials: general writings on outsourcing, descriptions of outsourcing services offered by various vendors, and accounts of outsourcing projects at specific libraries. general writings the first of the general writings is the pamphlet outsourcing cataloging, authority work and physical processing: a checklist of considerations, issued by the commercial technical services commi�ee of alcts.2 this is a comprehensive guide on how to plan an outsourcing project which outlines what questions should be asked to determine if outsourcing is the best course of action for a library. it also includes further questions and checklists on which tasks will remain with the library if they outsource, how to choose a contractor, what information the contractor will need to process the library’s materials, what type of materials the library plans to outsource, the cataloging standards to be adhered to, authority work, the form of output the contractor is to provide, physical processing, and financial considerations. there is also an excellent, if brief, bibliography of recent outsourcing literature. carlen ruschoff discusses recent trends in libraries and how they affect cataloging.3 he gives a number of options for responding to the four major “forces” affecting libraries, including streamlining procedures, simplifying cataloging standards, cooperative cataloging, contract cataloging, and expert systems for cataloging. the analysis of each of these points is both cogent and interesting, but for the focus of this article, we will limit ourselves to summarizing his comments on contract cataloging, or outsourcing. there are two basic reactions among catalogers to the notion of outsourcing. one is the negative reaction: the concern that outsourcing will lead to loss of local cataloging expertise, damage cooperative cataloging efforts, and cause a degradation in the quality of new cataloging records. other facets of this reaction are the fears that, in an effort to keep costs down, vendors will not hire professional catalogers and that vendors may impose proprietary restrictions on the sharing of records. the positive reaction is that, with outsourcing, professional catalogers will be able to devote their time to tasks requiring their expertise. ruschoff concludes that “contract cataloging…may prove a cost-saving alternative to processing titles within the library. its effectiveness depends upon the unique needs and special circumstances within each library”4 and points out that these needs and circumstances should be considered in planning to outsource. in a similar vein, daniel canncasciato wrote an article prompted by reactions to oclc’s unveiling of promptcat and a similar service called infosmart in 1993, and to an autocat discussion regarding wright state university’s announcement that they were outsourcing all their cataloging operations.5 the general reaction in both cases was much alike: concern that the role of catalogers and cataloging departments would be reduced, and that the quality of cataloging would diminish. canncasciato admits that both of these results are possible, but states that it is up to catalogers to take the lead and prevent it. outsourcing can provide an opportunity for catalogers to spend their time on original cataloging, participate in national-level authority work, enhance existing records, and other such activities. commercial cataloging agencies would a survey on the outsourcing of cataloging in academic libraries 551 not be economically feasible without the existence of major databases of cataloging records, such as the oclc online union catalog, and plenty of catalogers to contribute to and maintain them. canncasciato also maintains that one of the advantages in the current system is the depth and breadth of expertise in cataloging. libraries are not in the business of making money; if all operations were looked at from the viewpoint of financial solvency, he asks, what would happen to labor-intensive cooperative projects such as naco? rick j. block examines issues to be considered before outsourcing from the perspective of a retrospective conversion project at tu�s university which had disappointing results.6 block points out that outsourcing is not necessarily a bad thing, only that it should be carefully evaluated. outsourcing of approval plan items, special and archival collections, large uncataloged backlogs, and other projects could certainly enhance a library’s mission. he cautions that libraries which choose to outsource all or part of cataloging should carefully consider such factors as the real cost of cataloging, the impact on users and database quality, ease of rush processing, system implications, workflow, size and content of backlogs, turnaround time, and staff skills assessment before making their decision. libraries which eliminate cataloging entirely risk giving up staff with valuable skills in organization of knowledge which might be needed in the future.7 they also risk losing local bibliographic control, flexibility, and historical perspective. finally, libraries which decide to outsource everything will have a hard time either restoring their cataloging department or changing vendors. clare b. dunkle compares the current discussion of outsourcing of cataloging to the recent business trend of outsourcing information systems, citing business literature on outsourcing over the past few years, as well as library literature, to support her case.8 if it is planned carefully, outsourcing can be a good solution, while if it is gone about carelessly, it can be a spectacular failure. dunkle addresses a number of assumptions that are made about outsourcing: that it will save money, that vendors will use the most current technology, that outsourcing leads to greater flexibility for the outsourcing institution, and that the vendor will provide a high-quality product without being specifically instructed to do so. in her discussion, she points out the fallacies and pitfalls of these assumptions, and outlines what is needed for successful outsourcing. this boils down to careful planning and contract negotiation, including determining exactly what the tasks to be outsourced involve to ensure that the vendor really can provide be�er service, working with the vendor to make sure that all the performance goals and guidelines are clearly understood, and continuing to monitor the vendor to make sure that they are being met. dunkle then asks the big question of why outsource at all. one of the common rationales for outsourcing is that the activity being outsourced is a “non-core” activity to the mission of the institution. arnold hirshon used this argument in discussing wright state’s reasons for outsourcing cataloging, although dunkle questions his assertion that it is possible for the output of a technical services department (cataloging records and processed books) to be core if the activity to create the output is not. another reason is to remove a perceived problem from an institution. dunkle maintains that managers who do not understand cataloging will be more likely to outsource it, especially if there are communication problems between the catalogers and managers, or personnel and productivity problems in the cataloging department. while 552 college & research libraries november 1997 outsourcing selectively is an option for most libraries, total outsourcing is probably not feasible for many. dunkle adds that “in-house cataloging departments have the opportunity to develop unique solutions for local users, and some of these unique solutions become the new state of the art…. in-house catalogers and library vendors must work in a symbiosis to bring about change.”9 magda el-sherbini and mary harris report in detail on an ohio state university libraries ad hoc task force which examined the advantages and disadvantages of cataloging done outside the cataloging department.10 one option was the use of commercial vendors. in dealing with a vendor, the library must spell out goals for outsourcing and determine exactly what it wants done. pricing structure can be complex, so libraries need to study the nature of the collection to determine if per item or per hour charges are cheaper. el-sherbini and harris also discuss requirements for vendors, such as whether the vendor has appropriate staff and access to oclc or rlin. libraries should seek proposals from several vendors to compare price and quality, and should also obtain opinions of vendors from other institutions. problems include finding a vendor that can accomplish the task, the expense of commercial cataloging, lack of guarantee about quality, and cataloging unresponsive to the needs of the end user. el-sherbini and harris conclude that outsourcing might be appropriate for a small collection that does not require difficult cataloging or a library with a small staff.11 vendor services there are several articles about outsourcing services provided by bibliographic utilities. cynthia whitacre details the workings of oclc’s techpro service, including customization options for the contract, the determination of pricing, acceptable surrogates for materials, and methods of quality control.12 while techpro would certainly be happy to handle all of a library’s cataloging operations, outsourcing is not for every library.13 techpro intends to focus on large academic or public libraries with backlogs or special groups of materials such as audiovisual or foreign language materials. jim dwyer describes the promptcat service currently offered by oclc.14 with promptcat, vendors send approval lists electronically to oclc and oclc sends the matching marc record to the libraries via electronic data transfer or tape. promptcat’s “fatal flaw” is the large number (50% to 80%) of incomplete cip records.15 this is not as much of a problem as it once was, thanks to the collaboration of oclc and yankee book peddler to establish a cip upgrade service.16 david griffin describes the wln cataloging service, focusing on its treatment of serials.17 gary m. shirk examined outsourcing of technical services from a vendor ’s perspective.18 he observes that vendors view technical services as a logical extension of their relationship with libraries and provision of outsourcing for those services as an opportunity to strengthen that relationship.19 carmel c. bush, margo sasse, and patricia smith survey the capabilities of different vendors to provide outsourcing for acquisitions, cataloging, and collection development.20 a�er presenting detailed findings on the type of cataloging offered by materials jobbers, contract cataloging agencies, and library consortia, they reach several conclusions. materials jobbers and library consortia can supply timely cataloging for mainstream materials, but are less likely to offer special services like customized classification. contract cataloging agencies such as bibliographic utilities and private companies offer more a survey on the outsourcing of cataloging in academic libraries 553 complete services including original cataloging, customized classification, and cataloging of foreign language materials. outsourcing projects the remaining articles in this literature survey consist of descriptions of various outsourcing projects. two focus on the situation at wright state university. karen wilhoit describes wright state university’s decision to outsource its cataloging operation and the result.21 wright state discovered that they could save significant money by outsourcing and deal with problems such as an unproductive staff, a backlog of 5000 items, an uneven workload, and the lack of original cataloging being done. in 1993, they issued a request for proposal and hired oclc techpro to handle all cataloging operations. wilhoit considers the operation to be a success in terms of reduced cost and turnaround time without loss of quality. barbara a. winters’ article complements wilhoit’s description of how wright state arrived at its decision and implemented it.22 wright state realized definite savings in the cost of cataloging and achieved much quicker delivery of materials to patrons. winters believes that in the future, mundane cataloging will be outsourced, while professionals will manage and evaluate cataloging contracts. karen a. wilson wrote a detailed discussion of an outsourcing project at stanford university’s j. hugh jackson library.23 the library’s management had several goals in mind for this project, including consolidating as many purchases as possible to one major vendor, acquiring shelf-ready materials with complete cataloging and physical processing from that vendor, maintaining high quality in cataloging and physical processing of outsourced materials, reducing technical services costs, and reallocating technical services personnel to public services.. stanford chose blackwell north america (bna) and b.h. blackwell ltd. (bhb) as their primary vendors and limited the outsourcing activity to library of congress copy cataloging and physical processing of monographs. for the initial period of one year for bna material and four months for bhb, the library received new materials and cataloging records, fine-tuned procedures, and kept careful records of the results of their outsourcing. a�er an initial shake-down period, the quality of records received was consistently high. stanford eventually decided that materials with cip records would be cataloged in-house, because of the large number of cip records that had to be edited locally. the library was pleased with the success of the pilot project, and has continued to use bna’s and bhb’s outsourcing services. colleen f. hyslop describes the implementation of promptcat at michigan state university.24 the library now sends 90 percent of its approval plan items straight from acquisitions to labeling, with acquisitions handling any needed cip upgrade.25 hyslop feels that promptcat is a great tool for enhancing cataloging productivity, so that copy catalogers can do more complex materials and original cataloging. magda el-sherbini reports on ohio state university libraries’ pilot project to outsource cataloging of slavic language books.26 the goals were to test the quality of records obtained from the vendor (oclc techpro) and determine the cost for in-house cataloging versus outsourcing. el-sherbini described at length the methods used to determine quality and cost of cataloging. contract cataloging turns out to be a viable method, with acceptable cataloging at a lower cost.27 laura tull describes the outsourcing of retrospective conversion for a technical 554 college & research libraries november 1997 report collection at texas a&m.28 a�er stressing the importance of a good contract for telling the contractor what to do and for maintaining quality control, tull details the provisions of the texas a&m contract, such as procedures for determining a match on oclc, what fields to edit, what authority was needed, and problems to be returned. the main advantage to outsourced retrospective conversion is the speed with which a large volume of material can be cataloged, but this is offset by the decline of quality.29 karen dornseif offers an interesting perspective in her article on the outsourcing project at the larimer campus of the front range community college in fort collins, colorado.30 the library there employs only one full-time librarian, and two part-time temporary library assistants. larimer had depended on a part-time cataloger at another campus to catalog their materials, but a backlog had built up, and had to be eliminated. the librarian went to a cataloging training session at the bibliographical center for research (bcr), and realized that in-house cataloging was not feasible for her library. larimer contracted with bcr to catalog the backlog, then decided to continue the contract for new acquisitions. outsourcing has worked well for larimer, which is receiving good quality records at a reasonable cost. there have been a few problems, which were quickly resolved. one disadvantage is the lack of local control over cataloging. an in-house cataloger could get materials on hot topics to users more quickly, and could add additional subject headings for local use. records are sometimes loaded into carl, the on-line catalog, up to two weeks before materials can be shelved. there is no local authority control, and bcr does not add larimer’s holdings to oclc. dornseif concludes that “while outsourcing is not the perfect cataloging solution…, it is the only one that allows the library to maintain a current automated catalog…and provide the services expected….”31 karen a. wilson summarizes the discussion from an alcts meeting on outsourcing at ala midwinter in 1994.32 some participants reported problems in dealing with item records and barcodes, access points, authority control, database maintenance, and workflow. large universities got faster and less expensive cataloging while those with a low volume experienced the same or greater turnaround time.33 the meeting ended with a discussion of the impact of outsourcing on oclc and rlin and a call for vendors to supply full-level marc records. as we examined the literature, some common themes emerged. one was the need to carefully consider the goals of outsourcing, and how they will be met by the vendor. another theme is the need for careful planning. survey instrument keeping these themes in mind, we formulated the survey questions. the survey focused on whether academic libraries were outsourcing, the reasons for their decisions, and an evaluation of the outsourcing project, especially whether the library in question would outsource choose to again. we also considered a number of factors that might affect whether a library chose to outsource cataloging, such as size of collection, staffing levels, and amount of new material received annually. the rest of the questions concerned other factors that would affect the success of an outsourcing project such as type of materials to be outsourced, choice of vendor, and the amount of planning that went into the process. in order to choose the institutions to receive surveys, we compiled a list of academic libraries in the united states a survey on the outsourcing of cataloging in academic libraries 555 from the american library directory 34 and picked every tenth library. any library, including medical and law libraries, located on the campus of an educational institution that offered a bachelor’s degree or higher qualified as an academic library. we did not include branch libraries lacking cataloging departments, on the assumption that cataloging was done in the main library. the survey was mailed to 187 libraries in january of 1997, with a request that responses be returned by march 15, 1997. each survey packet provided postage paid return envelopes, in order to ensure the anonymity of the respondents. of the 187 surveys sent, we received 117 replies, a return rate of 63%. results of the 117 responses received, thirtythree respondents (28%) said they were currently outsourcing, or had outsourced in the past. the remaining eighty-four respondents (72%), however, said they had never outsourced cataloging. clearly, outsourcing of cataloging is not a prevailing trend among academic libraries. in an a�empt to determine some of the conditions that might influence a library’s decision to outsource, we conducted ttest analyses with all libraries that had outsourced at any time in one class, and those that had not in a second. each ttest used one of the following variables: size of collection, number of professional librarians in the cataloging department, number of paraprofessional staff in the cataloging department, and number of new titles received annually. all statistical tests were conducted at a 95% confidence level. because some libraries did not provide data for all questions, degrees of freedom on the t-tests varied from 109 to 115. we obtained the expected t-value of 1.980 for each of the test using a standard table, in which 120 degrees of freedom was the closest value. the first t-test tested the null hypothesis that there is no correlation between the size of collection and the decision to outsource. the t-test yielded a t-value of 2.424. since the observed t-value is greater than the expected t-value, the null hypothesis should be rejected. this suggests that there is, in fact, a correlation between the size of the collection and the decision to outsource. the second t-test examined the null hypothesis that there is no correlation between the number of professional librarians and the decision to outsource. the t-test result of 1.614 is less than the expected value. therefore, we concluded that the null hypothesis is true, and there is no correlation between the number of professional librarians and the decision to outsource. for the third t-test, the null hypothesis stated that there is no correlation between the number of paraprofessional staff and the decision to outsource. the t-test yielded an observed t-value of 1.620, which is again less than the expected value. thus, the null hypothesis should be accepted as true. the final t-test null hypothesis that there is no correlation between the number of titles received annually and the decision to outsource produced a t-value of 3.352. this is greater than the expected value, so the null hypothesis is false. there is a correlation between the number of titles received and the decision to outsource. while staffing levels evidently have no effect on the decision to outsource, size of collection and the number of new titles received annually apparently do. the mean collection size of the libraries that outsource is 606,330 volumes as opposed to 311,238 for those that do not. the mean number of new titles received annually for libraries that outsource is 13,786, versus 5,751 for those that do not. it appears from these statistics, along with the results of the t-tests, that libraries with larger collections and 556 college & research libraries november 1997 larger numbers of incoming titles are more likely to outsource. in the following sections of the report, the percentages of answers for some of the questions add up to more than 100% because some libraries chose more than one option to answer the questions. we decided to break them out into individual answers instead of trying to detail all possible combinations. of the eighty-four libraries that have not outsourced cataloging, fi�y-two (62%) have never considered outsourcing, sixteen (19%) are currently considering outsourcing, and eighteen (21%) considered outsourcing in the past but decided against it. we chose to count two libraries in both categories of consideration, because they provided data on a past rejection of outsourcing and a current reconsideration. among those libraries which considered outsourcing but decided against it, six (33%) thought it would be too expensive, twelve (66%) thought it would not be cost-effective, and seven (39%) gave other reasons. one reason mentioned was concern about mistakes in and/or upgrading of cip records. several libraries thought that vendors would be unable to accommodate highly specialized materials or local cataloging practices, such as multiple classification systems, additional tracings required locally, and multiple shelving locations. concern about turn-around time were also a factor for some. in other libraries, there was simply local opposition to the practice, as in the case of one consortium member when the other libraries did not want non-lc records added to their shared database. one library commented that they felt it would be too complicated; another agreed and further categorized outsourcing as “an unnecessary luxury item.” yet another library stated that they never felt the need. currently sixteen libraries are considering outsourcing a variety of materials. four (25%) want to outsource all cataloging operations, together with physical processing and authority control, while four others (25%) want to outsource retrospective conversion. ten libraries (63%) seek to outsource special types of materials. these materials include approval plan items, library of congress or other copy cataloging, government documents, foreign language materials (japanese was specifically mentioned), videos and other audiovisual materials, and special collections materials. another five libraries (31%) are interested in outsourcing short-term special projects such as gi� collections and backlogs. one library wishes to conduct a test of fi�y titles to evaluate the feasibility of future outsourcing projects. the thirty-three libraries that have outsourced cataloging gave a variety of reasons for doing so. an overwhelming majority of twenty-three libraries (70%) said that they had insufficient staff to complete the task in a timely manner. this seems to support our previous statement that libraries with larger workloads, as evidenced by collection size and number of new titles received, tend to be more likely to outsource. seven libraries (21%) lacked the in-house expertise needed to complete the task. ten others (30%) thought it would be less expensive than doing the task in-house. three libraries (9%) felt that outsourcing would be faster. the last library’s administration made the decision for them. we asked each library how carefully they evaluated the need to outsource before commi�ing to their projects. of the thirty responses to this question, fourteen libraries (47%) said they carefully evaluated the need to outsource, thirteen (43%) said they thought it sounded feasible but didn’t do an extensive study, and three (15%) did not evaluate at all because of time constraints. a survey on the outsourcing of cataloging in academic libraries 557 the libraries went through a variety of processes to choose their vendors. five (15%) issued a request for proposal followed by a bid process. another sixteen (48%) chose their vendor based on reputation, while seventeen (52%) had had other dealings with their vendor. four (12%) gave other reasons. one was a law library who contracted with its parent institution. one checked another vendor and consulted with other institutions about their choice of vendors. one respondent said the decision had been made previously. at the last institution, the library administration made the choice. libraries primarily chose oclc (both techpro and promptcat), marcive, and baker and taylor, with oclc being the clearest preference. other vendors includes talx, amigos, bna, yankee book peddler, lti, brodart, mcsorley, capcom, professional media, and two consortia, the cooperative college library center and the pi�sburgh regional library center. these libraries are outsourcing a wide range of materials. six (18%) are outsourcing all cataloging operations, including physical processing and authority control. fi�een (45%) outsource retrospective conversion. some of the fourteen (42%) who outsource special types of materials chose such things as approval plan materials, national library of medicine or library of congress records, and original cataloging. others outsource government documents, foreign language materials (especially asian languages), videos and audiovisual materials, and theses and dissertations. one library receives vendor-supplied cataloging for a portion of its acquisitions. five library (15%) outsource special projects such as backlogs, including gi� items, foreign language materials, and upgrades to minimal cataloging records. one is outsourcing some monographic cataloging and physical processing as a short-term experiment. each library evaluated the success of its outsourcing project. when asked if outsourcing provided the desired result, seventeen (52%) said yes, twelve (36%) said not entirely, and four (12%) said no. the libraries also rated their experience with six (19%) excellent, eleven (34%) good, eight (25%) satisfactory, three (9%) fair, and four (13%) unsatisfactory response. this suggests that, while not all libraries were completely satisfied, on the whole outsourcing is a positive experience. in fact, of the libraries that outsourced, fi�een (47%) will definitely continue to outsource and seventeen (53%) would consider outsourcing again, depending on the project. on library chose not to answer the question. none categorically refused to consider it again. the sixteen libraries which were not entirely satisfied or dissatisfied with the results of outsourcing gave one or more reasons for their rating. these broke down as follows: three (19%) said that insufficient planning went into the process, twelve (75%) cited poor customer service from the vendor, two (13%) said the process did not save the money they expected, and four (25%) said the vendor was unable to deliver services as promised. ten libraries (63%) gave other reasons. most of these reasons involved cataloging errors such as incomplete or inaccurate records, wrong records, inability to deal with national library of medicine classification and medical subject headings, inability to deal with multiple shelving locations, and errors in physical processing. several libraries felt that the process was too slow. two libraries were satisfied with quality, but one said the vendor could only handle one third of their purchases and the other, whose goal was outsourcing all cataloging, still had to perform some original cataloging themselves. we performed three chi-square tests at 95 percent confidence level to determine 558 college & research libraries november 1997 what factors might influence the result of an outsourcing project. for the first factor, the null hypothesis stated that there is no correlation between the type of material outsourced and the result of outsourcing. with fourteen degrees of freedom, the chisquare value was 16.173, which is less than the expected chi-square value of 23.685, leading us to accept the null hypothesis. the next factor was the evaluation process before starting the outsourcing project. again, the null hypothesis stated that there is no correlation between the amount of evaluation performed and the result of the project. the chi-square value of 8.247 with four degrees of freedom is less than the expected value of 9.488. thus the null hypothesis is true. finally, we tested the null hypothesis that there is no correlation between the method used to choose the vendor and the result of outsourcing. we obtained a chi-square value of 10.979 with twelve degrees of freedom, which is less than the expected value of 21.026. again, we accept the null hypothesis. apparently, none of these factors affect the results of outsourcing projects. however, with only thirty-three outsourcing libraries responding, the survey sample may not be large enough to yield valid results. conclusions outsourcing doe snot seem to be a strong trend in academic libraries. out of 117 libraries who responded, only thirty-three libraries have outsourced at all and sixteen more are considering it. the majority of libraries (fi�y-two) have never outsourced and never considered it, while another eighteen had decided against it in the past. the t-tests indicate that size of collection and number of new titles received annually seem to affect the decision to outsource. of the thirty-three libraries which outsource, most seem to be generally pleased with the experience. regardless of the quality of that experience, no one refused to consider outsourcing again. slightly over half said they would consider it depending on the project. while we could not reliably determine from our sample whether factors such as the amount of planning, method of choosing the vendor, and type of materials outsourced affect the results, the chi-square tests seem to indicate that they do not. further research on a larger sample may shed some light on this. another option for further research might be to conduct a similar survey among all types of libraries to see if certain types of libraries tend to outsource more than others and how successfully they do so. our survey should have included other considerations, such as the reasons libraries considering outsourcing thought to do so, what quality control measures were used by libraries that did outsource, and whether the libraries in question were automated. future researchers may wish to consider these aspects. notes 1. karen a. wilson, “outsourcing copy cataloging and physical processing: a review of blackwell’s outsourcing services for the j. hugh jackson library at stanford university,” library resource and technical services 39, no. 4 (1995): 359-383. 2. association for library collections and technical services. commercial technical services commi�ee, outsourcing cataloging, authority work, and physical processing: a checklist of consideratons, ed. marie a. kascus and dawn hale (chicago: american library association, 1995). 3. carlen ruschoff, “cataloging’s prospects: responding to austerity with innovation,” journal of academic librarianship 21, no. 1 (1995): 51-57. 4. ibid., 55. 5. daniel canncasciato, “tepid water for everyone?: the future oluc, catalogers, and outsourcing,” oclc systems and services 10, no. 1 (1994): 5-8. a survey on the outsourcing of cataloging in academic libraries 559 6. rick j. block, “cataloging outsourcing: issues and options,” serials review (fall 1994): 73-77. 7. ibid., 74. 8. clare b. dunkle, “outsourcing the catalog department: a meditation inspired by the business and library literature,” journal of academic librarianship 22, no. 1 (1996): 33-43. 9. ibid., 42. 10. magda el-sherbini and mary harris, “cataloging alternatives: an investigation of contract cataloging, cooperative cataloging, and the use of temporary help,” cataloging & classification quarterly 15, no. 4 (1992): 67-88. 11. ibid., 85-86. 12. cynthia whitacre, “oclc’s techpro service,” serials review (fall 1994): 77-78. 13. ibid., 78. 14. jim dwyer, “from promptcat to recat, or, you only catalog twice,” technicalities 15 (may 1995): 4. 15. ibid., 4. 16. cynthia whitacre, “record selection quality from the perspective of an outsourcing vendor” (paper presented at an alcts ccs copy cataloging discussion group at the midwinter meeting of the american library association, washington, d.c., january 1997). 17. david griffin, “the wln cataloging service and the cataloging of serials,” advances in serials management 3 (1989): 213-232. 18. gary m. shirk, “outsourced library technical services: the bookseller’s perspective,” library acquisitions: practice & theory 18, no. 4 (1994): 383-395. 19. ibid., 388. 20. carmel c. bush, margo sasse, and patricia smith, “toward a new world order: a survey of outsourcing capabilities of vendors for acquisitions, cataloging and collection development services,” library acquisitions: practice & theory 18, no. 4 (1994): 397-416. 21. karen wilhoit, “outsourcing cataloging at wright state university,” serials review (fall 1994): 70-73. 22. barbara a. winters, “cataloging outsourcing at wright state university: implications for acquisitions managers,” library acquisitions: practice & theory 18, no. 4 (1994): 367-373. 23. wilson, “outsourcing copy cataloging,” 359-383. 24. colleen f. hyslop, “using promptcat to eliminate work: msu’s experience,” library acquisitions: practice & theory 19, no. 3 (1995): 359-362. 25. ibid., 361. 26. magda el-sherbini, “contract cataloging: a pilot project for outsourcing slavic books,” cataloging & classification quarterly 20, no. 3 (1995): 57-73. 27. ibid., 66-67. 28. laura tull, “contract cataloging: retrospective conversion of a technical report collection,” technical services quarterly 9, no. 1 (1991): 3-15. 29. ibid., 14-15. 30. karen dornseif, “outsourcing cataloging: an alternative for small libraries,” colorado libraries 21 (spring 1995): 48-49. 31. ibid., 49. 32. karen a. wilson, “vendor-supplied cataloging and contract cataloging services: a report of the alcts creative ideas in technical services discussion group, american library association, midwinter meeting, los angeles, february 1994,” technical services quarterly 12, no. 2 (1991): 60-63. 33. ibid., 61-62. 34. american library directory, 49th ed. (new york: r.r. bowker, 1996). 560 college & research libraries november 1997 buttlar.p65 catalogers in academic libraries 311 catalogers in academic libraries: their evolving and expanding roles lois buttlar and rajinder garcha catalogers in academic libraries who belong to ala’s technical ser­ vices division were surveyed to determine if and how their job functions have changed over the past ten years. the 271 respondents indicated a change from print to electronic formats, involvement of nonprofession­ als in higher levels of cataloging, a trend toward outsourcing (particu­ larly, copy cataloging and foreign-language materials), and more cata­ loging of specialized items, audiovisual materials, and digital documents by professional librarians. the latter now use their expertise to edit prob­ lematic records, engage in managerial tasks, catalog and attempt au­ thority control of internet resources, do internet training or web page design, and use html. more and more catalogers are involved in activi­ ties formerly in the domain of systems librarians (selecting and imple­ menting catalog products, database maintenance, etc.). he library catalog, now often merged with the concept of a database, has been at the fore­ front of technological innova­ tion in libraries. automation definitely has decreased the amount of original catalog­ ing done in academic libraries, and there is agreement in the literature that tasks for­ merly assigned to professional catalogers have shifted downward to paraprofes­ sional support staff members.1–4 much dis­ cussion has focused on what has been called the “deprofessionalization” of tech­ nical services and cataloging, with various attributions of cause.5–7 the commonplace nature of biblio­ graphic utilities, user-friendly opacs, keyword searching, cd-rom formats, and, more recently, outsourcing; and the increasing availability and popularity of the internet have resulted in a multifac­ eted and evolving role for catalogers in academic libraries.8–11 not only must cata­ logers learn standard general mark-up language (sgml) and hypertext mark-up language (html), but also new stan­ dards must be developed for the new multimedia delivery formats that are now available. according to marsha starr paiste and june mullins, “the cataloging position of the future is germinating now.”12 they said professional catalogers can expand their basic cataloging skills into nonconventional areas and develop skills as information access analysts, systems designers, telecommunications experts, or online analysts/technical resource managers. in a recent two-part article on the cataloger ’s workstation, which delois buttlar is a professor in the school of library and information science at kent state university; email: lbuttlar@kentvm.kent.edu. rajinder garcha is a monograph cataloger in the carlson library at the university of toledo; e-mail: fac3236@uoft01.utoledo.edu. 311 mailto:fac3236@uoft01.utoledo.edu mailto:lbuttlar@kentvm.kent.edu 312 college & research libraries july 1998 table 1 distribution of responding catalogers by library size size in volumes f % fewer than 100,000 36 13.6 100,000 to 499,999 91 34.3 500,000 to 999,999 33 12.5 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 51 19.2 more than 2,000,000 54 20.4 total 265 100.0 scribes the transformation of cataloging, roger brisson emphasized the new de­ mands made on the cataloger in terms of computing knowledge and experience, in addition to cataloging knowledge and subject expertise.13 ideally, he sees the cataloger’s role as mediator between com­ puting and cataloging activities. other roles suggested in the literature include: contract negotiators, designers or managers of automated systems, resource allocators, writers, speakers, fundraisers, researchers, subject experts, collection managers, proposal writers, or telecom­ munications experts.14–16 according to sheila b. intner, the necessity for catalog­ ers and technical services librarians did not change but, rather, the requirements of the positions did.17,18 comments such as these justify several questions, includ­ ing: � how do catalog librarians actually spend their time? � how have their roles changed since they became catalogers? � how many perform traditional cataloging functions, and how many, in­ stead, are involved with new roles that require more managerial skills or com­ puter and/or systems expertise? purpose of the study the purpose of this study was to deter­ mine the current job functions performed by catalogers in academic libraries and how these functions have changed over the past ten years in order to provide in­ formation of significance to library ad­ ministrators and library and information science educators. literature review wendy wood attempted to determine the changing role of catalogers at the univer­ sity of kansas.19 in a survey of fifteen pro­ fessional catalogers, she found that five were full-time supervisors and that four others supervised but also did some cata­ loging. she concluded that although the need for catalogers would not decrease, more and more catalogers would become primarily supervisors and/or managers of databases. paiste and mullins would agreed with this transition.20 hong xu compared and analyzed the job requirements and qualifications for catalogers and reference librarians in aca­ ninety-six percent of the libraries represented in the survey had fully automated opacs. demic libraries contained in job advertise­ ments between 1971 and 1990.21 he con­ cluded that catalog librarians had more management responsibilities than refer­ ence librarians did and that these respon­ sibilities steadily increased over the time period of the study. jennifer a. younger addressed the functions of professional librarians, par­ ticularly catalogers, in providing biblio­ graphic access services; and prescribed nine roles they should play.22 she called table 2 distribution of libraries by network affiliation network affiliation f % oclc 249 91.9 rlin 52 19.3 wln 7 2.6 other 19 7.1 http:transition.20 http:kansas.19 http:expertise.13 catalogers in academic libraries 313 for a formal team approach with profes­ sionals and paraprofessionals working in a close relationship in cataloging. urging catalogers to develop a broader perspec­ tive, she said that this does not mean abandoning cataloging rules in favor of indexing rules but, rather, adopting an awareness of how these rules work to­ gether to create an effective system of bib­ liographic access. patricia a. eskoz investigated the ex­ tent to which catalogers in academic li­ braries also are involved in activities typi­ cally labeled as public services.23 the majority of survey respondents were in­ volved, to some limited extent, in cross­ over activities such as reference and bib­ liographic instruction and/or collection development. in earlier surveys, eskoz concluded that although catalogers’ tools and resources had changed, ba­ sic cataloging skills had not changed that much and “catalog departments are still recognizable as catalog depart­ ments and catalogers are still recogniz­ able as catalogers.”24 methodology a list of sixty-seven traditional and emerging activities in which catalogers in academic libraries are involved was gleaned from the literature. these activi­ ties were incorporated into a question­ naire that was distributed to catalogers in academic libraries. the catalogers were identified via labels purchased from ala showing the addresses of members of its technical services division. the question­ naires then were mailed to a random sample of 500 catalogers; 271 useable re­ sponses were returned, for a response rate of 55 percent. findings femongaphic infogmation the largest category of respondents (91, or 34.3%) worked in libraries with collec­ tions ranging from 100,000 to 499,999 vol­ umes; however, about 40 percent of the respondents worked in larger libraries table 3 status of professional staff past 5–10 years number of professional staff f % decreased 105 39.2 increased 38 14.2 remained 125 46.6 about the same total 268 100.0 with collections of one million or more volumes (see table 1). ninety-six percent of the libraries rep­ resented in the survey had fully auto­ mated opacs. most of these (249, or 91.9%) were affiliated with oclc (see table 2). at 125 (46.6%) of the responding libraries, the number of professional cata­ loging staff members had remained about the same over the past five to ten years, and at 105 (39.2%) of them, the number had decreased (see table 3). the figures were almost parallel with regard to sup­ port staff, with the tendency for the num­ ber to remain the same in 123 (45.9%) of the libraries and to decrease in 112 (41.8%) of them (see table 4). at the time of the survey, having one professional staff member seemed to be a common pattern (85, or 31.6%), followed by an approxi­ mately equal number of libraries having from two (47, or 17.47%) to five (45, or 16.73%) catalogers with an mls degree. in terms of clerical or support staff memtable 4 status of support/clerical staff in past 5–10 years number of support! clerical staff f % decreased 112 41.8 increased 33 12.3 remained about 123 45.9 the same total 268 100.0 http:services.23 314 college & research libraries july 1998 bers, cataloging units were likely to have slightly more nonprofes­ sionals, with one (57, or 21.35%) or two (51, or 19.1%) being most typical (see table 5). primary roles more than 70 percent of the cata­ logers (185) responded that the cataloger ’s primary role was that of creating bibliographic records, although 199 (75.1%) saw a trend toward involving nonprofession­ als in higher levels of cataloging. the majority (194, or 77%) agreed that the cataloging unit had expe­ rienced an increase in productiv­ ity because of automation and technological innovation and that their tools and resources had changed (203, or 78.7%). the most repeated response, indicated by 158 (58.5%), was the obvious change from print to electronic formats such as online materials, cd-roms, cataloger ’s desk­ top, the web, or the internet. four (1.48%) of the respondents said they had moved to a windows environment, nine (3.3%) indicated the use of oclc, and ten (3.7%) others indicated that the computers and software they used had become much more sophisticated. distribution of cataloging only seventy-three (27%) of the respon­ dents indicated that their libraries outsourced cataloging. of those functions outsourced, copy cataloging (33, or 12.2%) and foreign-language materials catalog­ ing (30, or 11.1%) were by far the most popular (see table 6). only four respon­ dents (1.5%) reported that cataloging positions had been eliminated at their institutions as a result of outsourcing, and thirty-two (12%) said that their cataloging units had experienced an in­ crease in productivity due to outsourcing. at eighty-six (32%) of the institutions, cataloging was distributed across depart­ ments or by subject discipline. music, as table 5 distribution of staff members by number and level number of staff level of staff professional support/clerical f % f % 0 1 2 3 4-5 6-10 11-15 16-20 21-25 26-30 31-40 41-50 >50 total 4 1.49 11 4.12 85 31.60 57 21.35 47 17.47 51 19.10 40 14.87 22 8.24 45 16.73 39 14.61 36 13.38 42 15.73 7 2.60 21 7.87 0 0.00 8 3.00 5 1.86 9 3.37 0 0.00 3 1.12 0 0.00 2 .75 0 0.00 1 .37 0 0.00 1 .37 269 100.00 267 100.00 a subject discipline, was most likely to be cataloged in a special department, fol­ lowed by maps and archives/manu­ scripts (see table 7). changing trends catalogers indicated activities they were performing in 1987, 1992, and 1997 (see table 8). it would appear that in 1997, more catalogers were handling disserta­ tions and theses than in 1987 (55.1% com­ pared to 50.9%), rare books/special col­ lections materials (51.1% compared to 40.8%), and government documents (53.4% compared to 47.3%). this probably is explained by the fact that professional librarians have taken on more cataloging of specialized items because some of the monograph and other types of materials now are processed by copy catalogers. the major changes over the ten-year time period are reflected in the increased number of individuals cataloging av materials (66.7% in 1997 compared to 49.1% in 1987), digital documents (44.3% compared to 4.7%), and internet resources (31.4% compared to 1.2%). planning and conducting retrospective catalogers in academic libraries 315 conversions of library card catalogs to online databases are activities in which professional catalogers are less involved now (25.4% and 37.5%, respectively) than they were ten years ago (40.2% and 45%, respectively). in 1997, catalogers were more likely to be using their professional expertise in editing problematic records (45.8% compared to 32.5%) or engaging in more managerial tasks such as writing contracts with vendors (12.9% compared to 6.5%), writing proposals (20.9% com­ pared to 13.6%), supervising support staff (78.1% compared to 66.5%), coordinating work of subordinates (69.1% compared to 56.2%), monitoring budgets (30.6% com­ pared to 25.4%), managing cataloging work flows (71.3% compared to 59.8%), evaluating cataloging personnel (63.4% compared to 55%), and training copy cata­ logers (55.5% compared to 46.2%). they also became increasingly instrumental in affecting policy because their number expanded with respect to designing cata­ loging policies and procedures (77.7% in 1997 compared to 58.6% in 1987) and de­ signing technical services policies/proce­ dures (46.2% compared to 31%). although their involvement with the internet was still very modest, there was a slow, but steady, increase in the num­ ber of catalogers who cataloged internet resources (31.4% compared to 1.2%) or tried to maintain some authority control over internet files (11.4% compared to 2.4%). four respondents reported that they were involved in web page design and two in internet training for students. more and more catalogers were in­ volved in activities formerly in the do­ main of systems/automation librarians, such as selecting and implementing cata­ log products (64.4% in 1997 compared to 39.1% in 1987), developing specifications for microcomputer applications (14.1% compared to 5.4%), database mainte­ nance/bibliographic control (75.4% com­ pared to 43.5%), records management/ indexing (14.9% compared to 6.6%), man­ aging opac performance (20.6% comtable 6 distribution of cataloging functions outsourced function outsourced f % copy cataloging 33 original cataloging 15 serials cataloging 2 nonprint cataloging 7 special items cataloging 18 foreign-language cataloging 30 government documents 10 retrospective conversion 6 special projects 3 microforms 3 reclassification projects 2 catalog records 2 original scores 2 other 3 12.2 5.6 0.7 2.6 6.7 11.1 3.7 2.2 1.1 1.1 .7 .7 .7 1.1 pared to 9%), managing network and lo­ cal interfaces (9.2% compared to 1.8%), managing systems and tool selection and evaluation (11.5% compared to 3.6%), managing systems implementation (12.6% compared to 4.8%), and applying database management software (13.4% compared to 4.8%). additional activities responding catalogers added to the list included: e-mail and internet training for students, web page design, pc software installation and maintenance, cd-rom network management, one-on-one fac­ ulty opac training, purchase and distri­ bution of av hardware, management of satellite dish reception, coordination of table 7 distribution of cataloging across departments/subjects department f % music 20 23.3 maps 10 11.6 archives/manuscripts 9 10.5 rare books 5 5.8 law 5 5.8 nonprint 4 4.7 other 9 10.5 316 college & research libraries july 1998 table 8 evolving activities and roles of catalogers 1987–1997 1987 1992 1997 activity f % f % f % descriptive cataloging 157 92.4 203 92.3 240 90.9 assign call numbers 153 90.5 201 91.4 244 92.4 assign subject headings 153 90.5 200 90.9 246 93.2 copy cataloging 121 71.6 155 70.5 180 68.2 catalog non-english items 133 78.7 170 77.3 203 76.9 catalog dissertations/theses 86 50.9 116 52.7 145 55.1 catalog rare books/special collections 69 40.8 99 45.0 135 51.1 catalog monographs 142 84.0 186 84.5 229 86.7 catalog serials 90 53.6 127 58.0 151 57.4 catalog digital documents 8 4.7 21 9.5 117 44.3 catalog government documents 80 47.3 101 45.9 141 53.4 catalog av materials 83 49.1 135 61.4 176 66.7 catalog internet resources 2 1.2 2 0.9 83 31.4 set local catalog standards 106 62.7 153 69.5 206 78.0 authority control 130 76.9 175 79.5 221 83.7 plan retrospective conversion 68 40.2 73 33.2 67 25.4 conduct retrospective conversion 76 45.0 100 45.5 99 37.5 edit problem records 55 32.5 91 41.6 121 45.8 create bibliographic access system 22 13.1 34 15.6 33 12.6 write contracts with vendors 11 6.5 23 10.5 34 12.9 define library requirements 23 13.6 42 19.1 54 20.5 cost out direct/indirect costs 19 11.2 26 11.9 36 13.7 write rfps 16 9.5 29 13.2 29 11.1 write proposals 23 13.6 44 20.0 55 20.9 design technical servervices policies 52 31.0 76 34.5 122 46.2 select/implement catalog products 66 39.1 103 47.0 170 64.4 bibliographic access department head 72 42.6 98 44.5 139 52.5 manage technical services department 21 12.4 35 15.9 124 47.0 supervise proffessional staff 52 30.8 73 33.2 85 32.1 supervise support staff 109 66.5 162 73.3 207 78.1 supervise student workers 87 51.5 112 50.7 132 49.8 coordinate work of subordinates 95 56.2 140 63.3 183 69.1 plan budgets 36 21.3 54 24.4 67 25.3 monitor budgets 43 25.4 59 26.7 81 30.6 manage cataloging work flows 101 59.8 138 62.4 189 71.3 teleconferences or videoconferences, and coordination of campus involve­ ment in multicampus integrated library system. in 1987, only 1.2 percent of the profes­ sional catalogers were using html; in 1997, 33.3 percent were. the one single activity that showed the greatest expan­ sion in terms of cataloger involvement was related to e-mail. two hundred cata­ logers (76%) were involved in e-mail dis­ cussion groups in 1997, compared to five (3%) in 1987. with respect to crossover ac­ tivities, in 1987, 37.5 percent were in­ volved in reference desk work; in 1997, 47 percent reported that they were, and one reported doing reference work, but not having a reference desk assignment. catalogers in academic libraries 317 table 8 (cont.) evolving activities and roles of catalogers 1987–1997 1987 1992 1997 activity f % f % f % recruit/hire cataloging personnel 82 48.5 114 51.6 140 52.8 evaluate cataloging personnel 93 55.0 130 58.8 168 63.4 compile/maintain statistics 109 64.5 151 68.3 195 73.6 train copy catalogers 78 46.2 118 53.4 147 55.5 design cataloging policies/procedures 99 58.6 158 71.5 206 77.7 design technical services 52 31.0 76 34.5 122 46.2 policies/procedures participate in fund raising 4 2.4 7 3.2 12 4.6 authority control internet files 4 2.4 10 4.6 30 11.4 develop special mainframe applications 8 4.8 15 6.9 12 4.6 develop special microcomputer 9 5.4 22 10.0 17 14.1 applications database development 30 18.0 48 22.0 72 27.5 database maintenance/ 73 43.5 152 69.1 199 75.4 bibliographic control expert system design/application 3 1.8 6 2.7 6 2.3 records management/indexing 11 6.6 23 10.6 39 14.9 e-mail discussion groups 5 3.0 89 40.6 200 76.0 manage opac performance 15 9.0 32 14.7 54 20.6 manage network/local interfaces 3 1.8 15 6.9 24 9.2 manage system/tool 6 3.6 14 6.4 30 11.5 selection/evaluation manage systems implementation 8 4.8 19 8.7 33 12.6 manage/coordinate lan functions 1 0.6 6 2.7 12 4.6 apply database management software 8 4.8 17 7.8 35 13.4 design user interfaces 5 3.0 7 3.2 18 6.9 write abstracts 2 1.2 3 1.4 4 1.5 automated indexing 4 2.4 9 4.1 11 4.2 thesaurus use and construction 3 1.8 3 1.4 6 2.3 use sgml 2 1.2 1 0.5 12 4.6 use html 2 1.2 2 0.9 88 33.3 design integrated systems 4 2.4 8 3.7 11 4.2 computer programming 8 4.8 8 3.7 12 4.6 reference desk work 63 37.5 88 39.8 124 47.0 collection development 55 32.5 90 40.5 126 47.5 bibliographic instruction 42 24.9 56 25.3 84 31.7 about one-third were involved in collec­ tion development in 1987 as compared to 47.5 percent in 1997. the number of cata­ loging librarians involved in biblio­ graphic instruction rose from 24.9 percent in 1987 to 31.7 percent in 1997. other open-ended comments indi­ cated that some catalogers served in con­ sulting roles to serials control or acquisi­ tions systems. it appears that automation has led to a blurring of the lines between the traditional bifurcated roles for tech­ nical service and public service librarians. activities added to the list by respond­ ing catalogers included committee partici­ pation, including accreditation and col­ 318 college & research libraries july 1998 part of the work routine of more table 9 than 90 percent of all survey re-top twenty-five activities currently spondents, followed closely by performed by catalogers monograph cataloging (86.7%) and authority control work (221, activity f % or 83.7%). the top twenty-five ac­1. assign subject headings 246 2. assign call numbers 244 3. descriptive cataloging 240 4. catalog monographs 229 5. authority control 221 6. supervise support staff 209 7. set local catalog standards 206 8. design cataloging 206 policies/procedures 9. compile/maintain statistics 206 10. catalog non-english items 203 11. e-mail discussion groups 200 12. database maintenance/ 199 bibliographic control 13. manage catalog work flows 189 14. coordinate work of subordinates 183 15. copy cataloging 180 16. catalog av materials 176 17. evaluate cataloging personnel 168 18. catalog serials 151 19. train copy catalogers 147 20. catalog dissertations/theses 145 21. catalog government documents 141 22. recruit/hire cataloging personnel 140 23. bibliographic access 139 department head 24. catalog rare books/spec. coll. 135 25. supervise student workers 132 lege governance work; teaching library science courses and workshops; circula­ tion and/or stack maintenance; interli­ brary loan; preservation; library signage, displays, and exhibits; responsibility for bindery/repair unit; serials control; and service activities such as writing/editing the library newsletter, doing inventory, managing a gifts program, and research and publication. despite their expanded role, catalog­ ers were still very much involved in the activities that had long been associated with their careers. for example, descrip­ tive cataloging and the assigning of call numbers and subject headings were still 93.2 tivities in which at least 50 percent 92.4 of all professional catalogers re­90.9 sponding were currently engaged 86.7 are presented in table 9. it is inter­83.7 esting to note that, despite the78.1 downgrading of former catalog­78.0 ing functions to nonprofessionals, 77.7 180 respondents (68.2%) were cur­ rently involved in copy catalog­77.7 76.9 ing. 76.0 open-ended comments 75.4 an attempt to analyze and synthe­ size the open-ended comments71.3 solicited at the end of the ques­69.1 tionnaire proved to be both ex­68.2 tremely interesting and extremely 66.7 challenging. the diversity of atti­63.4 tudes and opinions, as well as the57.4 multifaceted aspects of the topics55.5 contributed to the difficulty of the 55.1 task, but some repeatedly occur­53.4 52.8 ring observations are categorized 52.5 as follows. areas of greatest concensus. 51.1 comments that reflected the great­ 49.8 est consensus definitely included those related to the observation that outsourcing and/or copy cataloging by support staff frees the catalogers to do more professional activities such as spe­ cial projects, foreign-language cataloging, more difficult original cataloging, serials management, policy writing, develop­ ment and maintenance of the library’s web site, reference consultation and other noncataloging tasks, and learning to use “a flood of electronic products.” the three areas mentioned most frequently were management functions, participation in bibliographic instruction, and mainte­ nance and upgrading of the database. one respondent said: “although cataloging departments are not disappearing, cata­ catalogers in academic libraries 319 log librarians are spending more of their time managing the system and less time cataloging.” impact of internet. several respon­ dents indicated that they were currently cataloging internet resources on a selected basis. one mentioned participation in oclc’s internet project, and another was involved in the development of national standards for internet cataloging. it ap­ pears from other references to the inter­ net that it is consuming more and more of some catalogers’ time. one respondent indicated that she used information from the internet in cataloging u.s. govern­ ment documents. areas of concern. some responding catalogers expressed concern that time and attention given to computer technol­ ogy and rapid cataloging at the expense of accurate cataloging, or that with the development of online systems in smalland medium-sized academic libraries, professional catalogers will become non­ existent, even though the need for their professional expertise will not disappear. one respondent said: “the quality of cata­ loging is lower because more cataloging is being done or handled by paraprofes­ sionals with less education and less in­ tellectual ability.” however, another re­ spondent claimed: we have high productivity because we have chosen to concentrate on the areas of records which affect re­ trieval and pay less attention to other areas. . . . many librarians are obsessive about cataloging practice. they enter every field they can think of, double-check and triplecheck authority records, and so slow down the whole cataloging process that high backlogs develop. this is a one way ticket to outsourcing. one must learn to balance thoroughness with practicality. work carefully but establish priorities. a second area of concern was reflected in respondent comments related to new system responsibilities. whether these were related to enhanced authority or bib­ liographic control or, as in one case, re­ sponsibility “for the automated system— all hardware in the building and all soft­ ware,” there was general agreement that the expectations for catalogers in terms of sophisticated knowledge of computer technology are increasing at a more rapid rate than is the necessary commensurate education and/or training. finally, some catalogers’ feelings were represented by the following: “we are not despite their expanded role, catalogers were still very much involved in the activities that had long been associated with their careers. recognized as we were twenty years ago, as performing valued work,” and in ref­ erence to library science students, the “majority of students do not want to take cataloging because they do not see how this relates to the job that they will be doing upon completion of the program.” in other words, library schools programs are not impressing on students the impor­ tance of building the library’s catalog in accessing and retrieving information. future of cataloging in the academic library. several comments addressed pre­ dictions related to the cataloger ’s role in the future. some of these included: the trend for catalogers to seek new positions of employment working for commercial outsourcers; increased cross-training of catalog librarians to take on more noncataloging responsibilities (without, necessarily, additional monetary compen­ sation); an increased proportion of para­ professional to professional positions in cataloging units; a merger of cataloging units into broader technical services units (e.g., cataloging, acquisitions, and serials, along with computer technicians, merged into a department of automation and bibliographic control, or abc depart­ 320 college & research libraries july 1998 ment); a new expectation for new hires to also be systems librarians; involvement of cataloging professionals in more html/sgml activities, more windows 95 applications, and more cd-rom cata­ loging resources; and more cataloging/ imaging (scanning) of special collections materials to the library’s web site. conclusions it is quite apparent that professional cata­ logers no longer are defined merely on the basis of performing their traditional roles of original cataloging, authority work, and assigning call numbers and subjects. rather, they are viewed as man­ agers, policymakers, upgraders of the da­ tabase, bibliographic instructors, collec­ tion development librarians, automation librarians, and more. job sharing is on the rise, especially transfers from the techni­ cal services area to the public services area, adding to the decrease in catalog­ ing staff and increase in reference staff. this trend of job sharing has some posi­ tive aspects, including heightened job in­ terest among participants, better under­ standing between technical and public services, and more flexibility. however, sometimes combinations of duties have drawbacks as well, including lack of ex­ pertise and thus lack of quality and con­ sistency in multiple job functions. per­ haps the term professional cataloger will have to be replaced by another term or title that would cover a variety of posi­ tion responsibilities carried on by the cata­ loger of the future. notes 1. hong xu, “the impact of automation on job requirements and qualifications for cata­ logers and reference librarians in academic libraries,” library resources and technical services 40, no. 1 (jan. 1996): 9–31. 2. kenneth furuta, “the impact of automation on professional catalogers,” information tech­ nology and libraries 9, no. 3 (sept. 1990): 242–52. 3. carol mandel, “cooperative cataloging: models, issues, prospects,” in advances in li­ brarianship, ed. i.p. godden. vol. 16, 33–82 (san diego: academic pr., 1992). 4. cherryl schauder, “faster than a speeding bullet: cataloguing education in the age of computers,” international cataloguing & bibliographic control 19, no. 3 (july/sept. 1990): 41–45. 5. leigh estabrook, “productivity, profit, and libraries,” library journal 106 (july 1981): 1377– 80. 6. furuta, “the impact of automation on professional catalogers.” 7. michael a. oliker, “the deprofessionalization story and the future of technical services,” illinois libraries 72, no. 6 (sept. 1990): 472–78. 8. clare b. dunkle, “outsourcing the catalog department: a meditation inspired by the business and library literature,” journal of academic librarianship 22, no. 1 (jan. 1996): 33–43. 9. janis l. johnston, “outsourcing: new name for an old practice,” law library journal 88, no. 1 (winter 1996): 128–34. 10. jennifer a. younger, “the role of librarians in bibliographic access services in the 1990’s,” journal of library administration 15, nos. 1–2 (1991): 125–50. 11. karen l. horny, “taking the lead: catalogers can’t be wallflowers!” technicalities 15, no. 5 (may 1995): 9–12. 12. marsha starr paiste and june mullins, “job enrichment for catalogers,” college & research libraries news 51, no. 1 (jan. 1990): 4–8. 13. roger brisson, “the cataloger’s workstation and the continuing transformation of cata­ loging: part ii.” cataloging & classification quarterly 20, no. 2 (1995): 89–104. 14. barbara a. winters, “cataloging outsourcing at wright state university: implications for acquisitions managers,” library acquisitions: practice & theory 18, no. 4 (winter 1994): 367–73. 15. furuta, “the impact of automation on professional catalogers.” 16. allen b. veaner, “librarians: the next generation,” library journal 109, no. 6 (apr. 1984): 623–25, quoted in miriam tees, “new roles for library school graduates,” canadian library journal (dec. 1986): 372. 17. sheila b. intner, “reengineering, outsourcing, downsizing, and perfect timing,” techni­ catalogers in academic libraries 321 calities 13, no. 11 (nov. 1993): 1,8. 18. ———, “the re-professionalization of cataloging,” technicalities 13, no. 5 (may 1993): 6–8. 19. wendy wood, “the changing role of the catalog librarian: a report of a study at one institution,” cataloging & classification quarterly 12, no. 2 (1991): 145–49. 20. paiste and mullins, “job enrichment for catalogers.” 21. xu, “the impact of automation on job requirements and qualifications for catalogers and reference librarians in academic libraries.” 22. younger, “the role of librarians in bibliographic access services in the 1990’s.” 23. patricia a. eskoz, “catalog librarians and public services—a changing role?” library resources & technical services 35, no. 1 (jan. 1991): 76–86. 24. ———, “the catalog librarian—change or status quo? results of a survey of academic libraries,” library resources & technical services 34, no. 3 (july 1990): 380–92. 280 liaising the catalog: collaborating across library departments to promote successful discoverability through enhanced cataloging tammie busch, debbie campbell, susan m. howell, mary s. konkel, dennis krieb, mingyan li, cathy mayer, and ross taft* academic libraries are increasingly asked to articulate connections between the work of library staff and student success. this article discusses how a team of librarians participating in carli counts, an immersive professional development program funded by a laura bush 21st century librarian grant through the institute of museum and library services, responded to the lack of research investigating the indirect impact of the work of technical services staff on student learning. an anonymous online survey distributed to library staff of the consortium of academic and research libraries in illinois (carli) member institutions explored the perceived value of enhanced cataloging in supporting student research. survey results point to opportunities for communication and collaboration among technical services and public services librarians to improve understanding of enhanced catalog functionality and user needs. introduction bibliographic information contained in a marc record enables library catalog users to find and identify resources when conducting research using the library catalog. additional bibliographic information may provide more satisfactory results, as enhanced cataloging provides additional access points. when a student seeks assistance from reference and instruction librarians or staff in locating resources, the level of bibliographic information in a catalog record can impact the success of this interaction. a student’s ability to conduct a successful search affects the forward trajectory of their research and its outcome. if resources are described more comprehensively, the outcome is likely to yield greater success.  *tammie busch is catalog and metadata librarian at southern illinois university edwardsville, email: tabusch@ siue.edu; debbie campbell is senior library services coordinator, consortium of academic and research libraries in illinois, email: dmcmpbll@uillinois.edu; susan m. howell is cataloging and metadata librarian at southern illinois university carbondale, email: showell@lib.siu.edu; mary s. konkel is head of technical services at college of dupage library, email: konkel@cod.edu; dennis krieb is director of institutional research & library services at lewis & clark community college, email: dkrieb@lc.edu; mingyan li is metadata librarian at university of illinois chicago, email: mli5@uic.edu; cathy mayer is director of grants research and development at elgin community college, email: cmayer@elgin.edu; ross taft is library specialist at illinois state library, email: rtaft@ilsos.gov. ©2023 tammie busch, debbie campbell, susan m. howell, mary s. konkel, dennis krieb, mingyan li, cathy mayer, and ross taft, attribution-noncommercial (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) cc by-nc. mailto:tabusch@siue.edu mailto:tabusch@siue.edu mailto:dmcmpbll@uillinois.edu mailto:showell@lib.siu.edu mailto:konkel@cod.edu mailto:dkrieb@lc.edu mailto:mli5@uic.edu mailto:cmayer@elgin.edu mailto:rtaft@ilsos.gov https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ liaising the catalog 281 due to staff reductions in technical services departments, catalogers may be discouraged from describing resources comprehensively or from enhancing catalog records: they are sometimes directed to create records that are “good enough.” what if all bibliographic records created by catalogers are only ever “good enough?” what impact might this have on library staff’s ability to help students find suitable resources for their research? through a survey conducted in 2020, authors of this article explored how reference and instruction librarians and staff perceive the value of enhanced cataloging in identifying resources to support students’ curricular needs. although the authors eventually hope to survey students’ perceptions of catalog records, such exploration was not initially feasible due to an ils and discovery system migration and temporary institutional closures during the covid-19 pandemic. literature review jon r. hufford published the results of a study that “determined the extent to which elements of a bibliographic record were consulted by reference staff members of three arl libraries.”1 hufford’s research demonstrated that reference staff members “generally consulted only a limited number of elements” in a bibliographic record.2 however, he also acknowledged that he did not know how comprehensive or enhanced these records were and, given local cataloging practices, it would be difficult to estimate the probability of each element within a record. drawing on research from peter hernon and charles mcclure, hufford also raised the question of the skill of surveyed reference staff in using bibliographic data. hufford suggests that reference staff “may be neglecting their catalogs’ potential for enhancing the quality of service to patrons.”3 with the rapid evolution of library discovery systems come new methods for users to interact with a library’s catalog, as well as new methods for displaying enhanced bibliographic information. as a result, scholarship surrounding the importance of these enhanced records in the discovery process has revealed new opinions discussed below. subject headings/description historically, subject headings using controlled vocabularies have been the foundation of librarian search strategies. this was confirmed by william schultz, jr. and lindsay braddy in their 2015 survey of public services and technical services librarians.4 additionally, tina gross, arlene taylor, and daniel joudrey found that even with summary and content data enrichment, the mean percentage of hits that would be lost in the absence of subject headings was 27 percent.5 nevertheless, for a sole cataloger responsible for cataloging a wide range of resources across many subject areas and formats, finding suitable library of congress subject headings (lcsh) can be challenging. in a study of dissertation cataloging practices in arl academic libraries, catherine sasson found that subject information was included more often in notes or local or uncontrolled access points than with library of congress subject headings.6 this decline in the use of lcsh in dissertation cataloging was also reflected in the literature, which confirms the need to look beyond traditional controlled vocabulary when enhancing records. subject headings translate the “aboutness” of a resource, not of the creator. researchers have found creator information to be a promising tool for providing better access to works by specific demographics.7, 8 the marc 21 field 386 allows catalogers to record demographic terms for creators and contributors. use of this field comes with some controversy, such as the risk of “othering” minorities due to the lack of available lcsh terminology, or limited search 282 college & research libraries march 2023 results if demographic information is not added comprehensively. nevertheless, ethical and comprehensive application of this information could increase discovery for certain materials. circulation in addition to increasing discovery, enhancements also have the potential to increase circulation. mina chercourt and lauren marshall looked at the impact of enhancing bibliographic records with table of contents in terms of circulation statistics.9 their results suggest enhancing with table of contents does have a positive effect on circulation, especially in items cataloged prior to january 1, 2000, and those books that fall into the general literature or american literature subjects. as well as supporting the work of record enhancing, this study also suggests the need for collaborative work between cataloging librarians and reference librarians and staff. communication and collaboration with library staff the importance of collaboration between cataloging and reference librarians was highlighted in a report published by the online computer library center, inc. (oclc) that looked at the impact of catalog data on end users’ experiences.10 it was discovered that in addition to addressing duplicate records and typographical errors, reference librarians want upgrades to brief records and added evaluative content such as table of contents, summaries or abstracts, and cover art. without these upgrades, brief records can impede the discovery of entire collections for some end users, a finding highlighted by janelle zetty.11 when reference staff at edith garland dupre library were having difficulty locating scores for music because of a lack of contents notes, they brought it to the attention of their cataloging department. working together, reference and cataloging staff devised a workflow for enhancing records, resulting in an improved user experience. however, catherine sassen, rebecca welch and kathryn loafman found that concerns with cataloging services are not always expressed by library staff outside of cataloging.12 catalogers may need to request feedback from public services staff in order to improve services and increase visibility and value. the authors surveyed personnel in both the public services and cataloging and metadata services departments at the university of north texas to assess the perceived importance of various cataloging services. their survey results help to highlight the misunderstanding in the profession at large regarding what catalogers actually do. for instance, in regard to authority control, public services staff indicated that adding birth and/or death dates to personal name headings was a low priority in terms of enhancements. however, they also indicated that grouping all works by the same author together in the catalog was a high priority. catalogers likely understand that both relate to authority control, and could use this as an opportunity to inform public services staff of how authority control works and the role catalogers play in enhancing discovery and access for end users. returning to sassen’s 2017 study on dissertation cataloging, she suggests that the decline in use of lcsh could be due to limited catalog staffing and recommends consulting with reference and it staff to better understand patron information-seeking behavior prior to enhancing brief records.13 these consultations may help ensure the greatest impact of a cataloger’s work. furthermore, decisions about the approach to cataloging dissertations should be shared with reference and instruction librarians so they can best serve library users. catalogers cannot work in a vacuum. input from reference librarians and library staff is integral to ensuring the best discovery process for our end users and optimum use of our collections. liaising the catalog 283 background the carli counts technical services team project was prompted by the carli technical services committee (tsc). during the september 2019 tsc meeting, committee discussion identified the need for promoting the value and importance of technical services departments in connection to student success. via the library catalog, a professional cataloger provides the bridge between a student and library resources to enhance information discovery and research, thus supporting student success. to create this bridge, a cataloger must have proper training and understand bibliographic control in relation to cataloging and indexing. therefore, tsc recognized the important guiding role professional catalogers play in providing training, development and implementation of best practices, and keeping abreast of the most updated cataloging standards. yet, the committee acknowledged a lack of data and research connecting the work of catalogers to student success. at the november 2019 carli annual meeting, there was a call for participants to form a second cohort of carli counts. carli counts is an immersion program designed to prepare librarians to make effective use of research findings on the impact of academic libraries on student success for the twin purposes of service development and library advocacy. upon learning of the opportunity, tsc members proposed the formulation of a technical servicesfocused team to explore the value and impact of cataloging on student success. with the support of carli staff, a multi-institutional team was formed consisting of librarians with expertise in cataloging, reference, and administration from five institutions. the team also incorporated program mentors and a carli staff liaison. methodology an irb-approved survey was drafted using qualtrics experience management software licensed by the university of illinois chicago (see appendix a). quantitative data were gathered using multiple-choice questions, which were crafted by article coauthors to focus on catalog fields with enhanced cataloging potential. where applicable, a likert scale was used to measure the level of agreement with statements provided as to how valuable participants perceived various parts of a bibliographic record. qualitative data were elicited by providing participants with the opportunity to share comments and elaborate on answers. a pilot survey was distributed randomly in june 2020 to ten carli counts mentors to respond and provide feedback. responses were requested by july 2020. the authors also used the pilot study to test for internal consistency. using cronbach’s alpha, inter-rater reliability of the pilot survey was deemed highly consistent, based on an alpha of .9135. the pilot study was amended to incorporate minor changes based on feedback from carli counts mentors. the final survey was released in october of 2020 with a closing deadline of december 2020. the focus for distribution was on carli member institutions and other illinois academic libraries. participation in the survey was solicited at the november 13, 2020, carli annual meeting and highlighted in the november 20, 2020 carli news, an e-newsletter sent to all 129 carli member institutions. the survey was disseminated to several academic library discussion lists in illinois, including the illinois association of college & research libraries (iacrl). the authors also shared the survey within their professional networks and institutions. there were 171 eligible survey respondents. the data were extracted from qualtrics and tested using anova and t-tests to test for statistical significance. qualitative responses were 284 college & research libraries march 2023 reviewed individually by each of the authors to look for common trends, and observations were then further analyzed through discussion. data analysis the survey administered was designed to collect feedback from reference and/or instruction staff regarding the value of enhanced cataloging. eligible respondents have experience providing reference and/or instructional services. by answering “yes” to the qualifying question, “do you have experience in providing reference and/or instruction?” 171 respondents qualified and completed the survey. among those, a little over half (52 percent) had cataloging experience. most participants were professional librarians (89 percent) followed by paraprofessionals (10 percent), and one graduate student. quantitative data analysis table 1 lists the survey results for the question, “when selecting resources for a student, indicate the degree to which information in a catalog record is helpful.” the question was accompanied by a 4-point likert scale with assigned values: “0 = not useful at all,” “1= somewhat useful,” “2= very useful,” and “3= essential.” analysis of the feedback on selected fields of the catalog record revealed that the highest mean values were subject headings (2.60), summary/abstract (2.49), and table of contents (2.48) (see table 1). summary/abstract librarians and paraprofessionals showed high variability when responding to the question: “in determining the suitability of a resource for a student, how often do you review the summary/abstract within a catalog record?” (see figure 1). data reveals that librarians utilize the summary/abstract more often than paraprofessionals when assisting users. table 1 mean values and number of responses for perceived usefulness of selected catalog fields (likert scale 0–3) mean of perceived usefulness number of responses variant titles 1.51 166 supplementary content 1.58 168 summary/abstract 2.49 166 notes 1.40 166 table of contents 2.48 167 local notes 0.97 166 other authors 1.58 166 accompanying material 1.53 165 subject headings 2.60 167 specific subject headings 1.96 166 statement or responsibility for creation 1.37 166 genre of resource 1.74 165 genre form of resource 1.75 165 related works 1.55 165 liaising the catalog 285 there is a statistically significant difference (p=.003, effect size= .756) in perception between professional librarians and paraprofessionals regarding the importance of the abstract/ summary (see table 2). figure 1 perceived value of summary/abstract within catalog record figure 2 information literacy sessions and perceived value of summary/abstract table 2 responses (n) and mean value of librarians & paraprofessionals reporting perceived value of summary/abstract within catalog record *p=.003. (statistically significant at an alpha of .05, effect size=.756) group librarian paraprofessional mean 2.11 1.59 n 152 17 286 college & research libraries march 2023 for those teaching information literacy, there was also variability according to the number of sessions taught (see figure 2). among these library professionals, statistical significance (p=.034, effect size= .23) of perception toward abstract/summary was also identified regarding information literacy teaching load (see table 3). data reveals that librarians with greater teaching load utilize an abstract/ summary more frequently when assisting users (see table 3). table of contents on the contrary, the responses to the question, “in determining the suitability of a resource for a student, how often do you review the information contained in the table of contents of a catalog record (such as chapters, soundtrack titles, conference paper titles)?” no statistical differences in perceptions were observed between library professionals and paraprofessionals (see table 4) or teaching load (see table 5) although the table of contents and summary/abstract have very similar mean values in aggregate, when broken down by job classification there is no statistically significant difference in perception between professional librarians and paraprofessionals regarding the importance of the table of contents. no statistical significance was revealed by the survey responses for summary/abstract, nor for table of contents in relation to years of academic experiences. table 3 responses (n) and mean value of librarians & paraprofessionals in relation to information literacy teaching load *p=.034. (statistically significant at an alpha of .05, effect size=.23) group no teach 1 class 2 classes 3 + classes mean 1.83 2.06 2.28 2.08 n 42 63 40 25 table 4 responses (n) and mean value of librarians & paraprofessionals reporting perceived value of table of contents within catalog record *p=.100. (no statistical significance) group librarian paraprofessional mean 1.89 1.59 n 151 17 table 5 responses (n) and mean value of librarians & paraprofessionals in relation to information literacy teaching load *p=.680. (no statistical significance) group no teach 1 class 2 classes 3 + classes mean 1.8 1.9 1.8 2 n 41 63 40 24 liaising the catalog 287 filtering & faceting regarding the feedback from the question “how often do you use filtering/faceting or an advanced search to narrow down search results when helping a student?” the researchers found library professionals who have been in the field longer tend to use the filtering/faceting function more often than those new to the profession. however, the p value .078 is only slightly higher than the established alpha value of .05 and therefore is not statistically significant (see figure 3 and table 6). the way these fields are indexed in discovery layers could account for these differing perceptions in regard to the abstract/summary and the table of contents. generally, the table of contents can be discovered with a title search, while the abstract/summary can only be retrieved by a keyword search. the effectiveness of the filtering/faceting also heavily depends on the design of the discovery system. feedback regarding specific cataloging fields was also collected from the survey, including biographical or historical data information (545 field), related resource information (76x-78x fields), and creator/contributor characteristics (386 field). in examining trends to include more creator/contributor demographic information in catalog records, most participants perceived this information as valuable (see figure 4). figure 3 filtering and faceting usage by years of experience table 6 responses (n) and mean value of years of experience in relation to filtering/faceting usage *p=.078 (no statistical significance) group 0-4 years 5-9 years 10-14 years 15-19 years 20+ years mean 2.4 2.5 2.4 2 2.3 n 20 37 40 26 46 288 college & research libraries march 2023 qualitative data analysis from the survey results, respondents made valuable suggestions regarding cataloging enhancements. some of these enhancements can be readily implemented by catalogers while others, such as the use of delimited content notes, are not yet operational due to limitations of discovery system local configurations. others are simply beyond the scope of the catalog record. enhancement suggestions that can be implemented regularly include making sure catalog records include edition statements, which one study participant indicated as essential. in reference to table of contents, another participant stated that for “music materials this information is critical.” respondents also stressed the importance of summaries/abstracts, age ranges, reading levels, and award winners for teacher education students. there were a few cataloging enhancement suggestions that are challenging because of the constraints of out-of-the box discovery system configurations. moving beyond the out-ofthe-box configuration, a trained systems librarian is required to counter system limitations. most bibliographic records contain publication information, which some respondents wanted as a searchable field. such a field would have to be indexed by the discovery system to make it an access point. finally, some suggestions mirrored functionality seen in article databases or did not fall within the scope of the bibliographic record’s capability, such as the number of times a work is cited or the number of times an item is circulated. other suggestions are not standard practice, such as having textbooks searchable by class name, but rather are addressed through localized system functionality. it was also suggested that there are implicit biases in the library of congress subject headings. although subject heading bias is within the realm of the catalog record, it is beyond the scope of this article. figure 4 value of enhanced cataloging features: q14 biographical or historical data, q15 related resource information, & q16 author demographic information liaising the catalog 289 while some suggestions cannot be simply achieved by enhancing catalog records, they imply a greater need for communication. by communicating and closely collaborating with public services colleagues, catalogers can gain a greater understanding of what information is most valued and helpful. through improving communication with discovery system vendors, technical services librarians can offer more effective suggestions and feedback on how to increase the usability of the information provided in catalog records. these collaborations will allow librarians and paraprofessionals to have a greater impact on student success. next steps & future possibilities communication and collaboration catalogers should first and foremost seek opportunities to communicate and collaborate with reference and instruction librarians. this dialog will provide technical services staff with meaningful insight into how public services colleagues use cataloging fields within a record to assist users with their research, further contributing to their institution’s mission and goals. in addition, this dialog will also equip reference staff with a better understanding of what fields go into a “complete” record, as well as potential enhancements that improve metadata and access. our survey results indicate there is a fundamental divide between what reference staff would like to see included in a record in order to support user queries, and what is actually feasible to include due to limitations with the library’s discovery system. intentional collaboration between cataloging and reference departments would allow for a more holistic understanding of the inherent limitations and possibilities for the catalog. ultimately, this enables the library to better address user needs. collaboration between reference, instruction, and technical services departments should be tailored to the needs and capacity of the library and its staff. based on our survey results, conversations with reference staff on the extent and limitations of catalog records may promote a more collaborative environment within the library. interactive discussion could offer reference and technical services departments the opportunity to unpack specific examples of how the catalog is used locally. ultimately, dialog between departments serves the goal of improving patron access to resources. communication and collaboration regarding cataloging fields should also include paraprofessional staff who, based on our survey results, indicate they use cataloging field enhancements differently. these conversations may improve their understanding of enhanced catalog records and aid cataloger’s judgment in prioritizing cataloging fields for enhancement. furthermore, conversations and research with students should be pursued to collect data identifying which enhanced cataloging fields they find useful when independently searching the catalog. cataloging, training and discovery library staff should never lose sight of a basic cataloging tenet—we catalog for our users. in addition to communication and collaboration with public services colleagues, it is imperative that catalogers keep abreast of updates in cataloging fields and emerging standards in cataloging practice. since cataloging is an organic and iterative process, professional catalogers should be having ongoing conversations with all cataloging staff, guiding training within their institutions and working toward developing best practices that will optimize the discovery experience. 290 college & research libraries march 2023 changes in institutional cataloging practices may take time and effort to effectively implement. enhancing the catalog record with additional indexed access points might serve as an interim solution for improved discovery. being able to search by publisher information is valuable to library users and staff alike, and our survey respondents concur. however, due to publisher name variations in bibliographic records, concatenation of this search is difficult. in addition, publisher name changes are not always reflected in authority records, so an authorized access point in a record alone would not solve this problem. for example, when westminster press merged with john knox press, their name became john knox westminster press, which is not reflected in the library of congress authority record. oclc attempted to address this issue with the publisher name server research project, which resulted in worldcat publisher pages.14 this prototype allowed users to select a major publisher and then explore its publication history as represented in the worldcat database. this prototype may be the closest solution to the creation of authority records that reflect these important relationships. unfortunately, this prototype was decommissioned in june of 2012 because the process could not be automated. additionally, the rda overriding principle of “take what you see and accept what you get” does not lend itself to standardization of publisher names with a keyword search. cataloging for users also requires familiarity with the mapping profiles and limitations of the library system from back end to public user interface. how is cataloging data being displayed to the user? are there additional fields from default settings that can be turned on to display fields that will provide enhanced information? catalogers and public services librarians should actively participate in the development of the library system by recommending functional improvements to vendors and championing those system enhancements that result in enhanced cataloging fields indexed for discovery and display. the library catalog today is not your grandmother’s catalog. it has evolved into a launch pad for reference, research, acquisitions, data collection, biographical and demographic information, links to related works—and the list goes on. enhanced cataloging is a critical component in discoverability of our library resources and ultimately our student’s success. our research has provided an increased awareness of the value of enhanced cataloging and the professional staff needed to achieve it. limitations and further research geographic location limited the scope of our research to libraries in illinois, most of which are using the same library services platform. as carli member libraries collectively migrated to the platform in june 2020, most respondents were new users of the system. to further explore the impact of cataloging on student success, we suggest further research to explore student perceptions through surveys, interviews, and focus groups. ethnographic research may be particularly helpful in answering questions such as, how are students using catalog records? what fields are students using? why do they select particular resources? acknowledgements we would like to thank our carli colleagues for their participation in our survey. we also wish to thank carli staff for the training and support provided throughout the carli counts cohort 2 experience. specifically, we are grateful to lisa janicke hinchliffe and anne craig for providing feedback on the development of our survey and this article. liaising the catalog 291 appendix a—survey instrument carli counts ts team survey descriptive information about the survey respondents q1 do you have experience in providing reference and/or instructional services? □ yes (1) □ no (respondents with this answer would leave the survey) (2) q2 do you have cataloging experience? □ yes (1) □ no (2) q3 what is the job classification of your position? □ librarian (mls/mlis) (1) □ paraprofessional (2) □ graduate student worker (3) □ student worker (4) q4 in a typical week during the academic semester, do your current library responsibilities include providing reference service or information literacy/instruction? □ yes (1) □ no (respondents with this answer would leave the survey) (2) q5 in a typical week during the academic semester, how many hours are devoted to providing reference assistance, including desk, chat, phone, or by appointment? □ 0-4 hours (1) □ 5–10 hours (2) □ 11–14 hours (3) □ 15 or more hours (4) q6 in a typical week during the academic semester, how many information literacy/instruction classes do you teach, including in person and online? □ i do not teach information literacy/instruction classes (1) □ 1 class (2) □ 2 classes (3) □ 3 or more classes (4) q7 how long have you worked in an academic library? □ 0–4 years (1) □ 5–9 years (2) □ 10–14 years (3) □ 15–19 years (4) □ 20 years or more (5) general survey questions q8 in determining the suitability of a resource for a student, how often do you review the summary/abstract within a catalog record? □ never (1) □ rarely (2) □ often (3) □ always (4) 292 college & research libraries march 2023 □ if you would like to provide more information, please click and leave your comments below: (5) ________________________________________________ q9 in determining the suitability of a resource for a student, how often do you review the information contained in the table of contents of a catalog record (such as chapters, soundtrack titles, conference paper titles)? □ never (1) □ rarely (2) □ often (3) □ always (4) □ if you would like to provide more information, please click and leave your comments below: (5) ________________________________________________ q10 how often do you use filtering/faceting or an advanced search to narrow down search results when helping a student? □ never (1) □ rarely (2) □ often (3) □ always (4) □ if you would like to provide more information, please click and leave your comments below: (5) ________________________________________________ targeted survey questions q11 when selecting resources for a student, indicate the degree to which information in a catalog record is helpful. 0=not useful at all (1) 1=somewhat useful (2) 2=very useful (3) 3=essential (4) variant titles (such as preferred/also known as, published in another country as, title on container) (1) supplementary content (such as a bibliography, appendix, discography, filmography, index, etc.) (2) summary/abstract (3) notes (such as history of work, details of conference/symposium, closed-captioning, target audience, reading level, braille, other language tracks, dissertation information, system requirements for playback/access, etc.) (4) table of contents (such as chapters, soundtrack titles, conference paper titles) (5) local notes (such as retention, part of a specific donation, signed by author) (6) other authors (such as producers, directors, translators, narrators, cinematographers, costume designers, performers, actors, screenplay writers, musicians) (7) liaising the catalog 293 accompanying material (such as reader discussion guides, answer keys, test banks, supplements, booklets, maps, designs/plans, model key guides, etc.) (8) subject headings (such as library of congress, library of congress children’s) (9) specific subject headings beyond library of congress (such as mesh (national library of medicine) and subject headings in other languages) (10) statement of responsibility for creation/ content with authors credentials & affiliations (11) genre of resource (such as mystery, romance, detective, cookbooks, graphic novels, animated movies, western, sci-fi, etc.) (12) genre form of resource (such as large print, alphabet books, pop-up books, artists’ books, etc.) (13) related works (such as earlier, later, based on, translated from, contained in, etc.) (14) q12 is there information you would add to a cataloging record to help students determine if a resource is useful? if yes, what information would you include? future cataloging record enhancement q13 questions 14–16 address the concept that creating cataloging records often requires complex decisions in order to provide complete and rich detail, which enhances the users’ ability for resource discovery. cataloging is also an organic process, with national standards continuously updating new fields. the following are newer information fields that can now be added to cataloging records. q14 would biographical or historical data information within a catalog record be useful in determining the suitability of a resource for a student? (marc 545) this is an example of the 545 field in a bibliographic record: 545 0 randall mason is associate professor of city and regional planning, former chair of the graduate program in historic preservation, and senior fellow of pennpraxis at the university of pennsylvania’s school of design. max page is professor of architecture and history and director of the historic preservation program at the university of massachusetts in amherst. □ strongly agree (1) □ agree (2) □ disagree (3) □ strongly disagree (4) □ no opinion (5) 294 college & research libraries march 2023 q15 would related resource information within a catalog record be useful in determining the suitability of a resource for a student, especially if this information were hyperlinked? (marc 76x-78x fields) these are examples of 76x-78x fields in bibliographic records: 770 08 supplement (work): breslin, john. banking law. first supplement to the third edition. dublin, ireland : round hall, thomson reuters, 2015. 773 08 contained in: austin, alfred, 1835–1913. poetry of the period. london: r. bentley, 1870. 776 08 online version: garfinkel, irwin. feminization of poverty. madison : university of wisconsin—madison, 1985. □ strongly agree (1) □ agree (2) □ disagree (3) □ strongly disagree (4) □ no opinion (5) q16 would author demographic information within a catalog record would be useful in determining the suitability of a resource for a student? (marc 386 field) this is an example of the 386 field in a bibliographic record: 245 00 eyes of desire: a deaf gay & lesbian reader / raymond luczak, editor. 386 deaf; gays; americans 386 deaf gays □ strongly agree (1) □ agree (2) □ disagree (3) □ strongly disagree (4) □ no opinion (5) q17 is there anything else you would like to share with us in regard to enhanced cataloging information? notes 1. jon r. hufford, “elements of the bibliographic record used by reference staff members at three arl academic libraries,” college & research libraries, 52, no. 1 (january 1991): 54–64, https://doi.org/10.5860/crl_52_01_54 2. hufford, “elements of the bibliographic record.” 3. ibid. 4. william n. schultz, jr., and lindsay braddy, “a librarian-centered study of perceptions of subject terms and controlled vocabulary,” cataloging & classification quarterly, 55, no. 7–8 (2017): 456–66, https://doi.org/10.10 80/01639374.2017.1356781 5. tina gross, arlene g. taylor, and daniel n. joudrey, “still a lot to lose: the role of controlled vocabulary in keyword searching,” cataloging & classification quarterly, 53, no. 1 (2015): 1–39, https://doi.org/10.1080/01 639374.2014.917447 6. catherine sassen. “enhancing bibliographic access to dissertations,” technical services quarterly, 34, no. 1 (2017): 1–25, https://doi.org/10.1080/07317131.2017.1238202 7. eric wiley and angela yon, “applying library of congress demographic group characteristics for creators,” cataloging & classification quarterly, 57, no. 6 (2019): 349–68, https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2019.1654054 8. elizabeth hobart, “recording creator characteristics for native american authors: an analysis of bibliographic records,” cataloging & classification quarterly, 58, no. 1 (2020): 59-75, https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374. 2019.1704333 https://doi.org/10.5860/crl_52_01_54 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2017.1356781 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2017.1356781 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2014.917447 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2014.917447 https://doi.org/10.1080/07317131.2017.1238202 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2019.1654054 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2019.1704333 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2019.1704333 liaising the catalog 295 9. mina chercourt and lauren marshall, “making keywords work: connecting patrons to resources through enhanced bibliographic records, technical services quarterly, 30, no. 3 (2013): 285–95, https://doi.org/10 .1080/07317131.2013.785786 10. karen calhoun et al., online catalogs: what users and librarians want: an oclc report, (dublin, ohio: oclc, online computer library catalog, inc., 2009), https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/reports/onlinecatalogs/fullreport.pdf 11. janelle zetty, “different departments, same goals: improving user experience through collaboration,” codex: the journal of the louisiana chapter of the acrl, 4, no. 3 (2017): 82–9, https://journal.acrlla.org/index.php/ codex/article/view/132/267 12. catherine sassen, kathryn loafman, and rebecca welch, “assessment of cataloging services in an academic library,” technical services quarterly 33, no. 1 (2016): 1–26, https://doi.org/10.1080/07317131.2015.1093820 13. sassen, “enhancing bibliographic access to dissertations.” 14. “worldcat publisher pages,” oclc research, accessed february 26, 2022, https://www.oclc.org/research/ activities/pubpages.html https://doi.org/10.1080/07317131.2013.785786 https://doi.org/10.1080/07317131.2013.785786 https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/reports/onlinecatalogs/fullreport.pdf https://www.oclc.org/content/dam/oclc/reports/onlinecatalogs/fullreport.pdf https://journal.acrlla.org/index.php/codex/article/view/132/267 https://journal.acrlla.org/index.php/codex/article/view/132/267 https://doi.org/10.1080/07317131.2015.1093820 https://www.oclc.org/research/activities/pubpages.html https://www.oclc.org/research/activities/pubpages.html college and research libraries david c. weber / '1 a century of cooperative programs among academic libraries .~ a review of cooperative programs among colleges and universities over the last century leads to the conclusion that a few very significant developments and changes have taken place during the past decade after ninety years of laborious and diverse effort toward cooperative programs dominated by the effects of national policy and economic conditions. it is an interesting history, one made difficult by the plethora of data. the present paper uses a historical perspective in order to assess b~er the present and the immediate future. the first part chronologically prese~ts selected examples of cooperative programs. the latter section includes details on a few programs of current special significance, comments on some strengths and weaknesses, and reaches 111 . a few conclusions. early historical review before reviewing the past century, it ...., may be worthwhile taking a brief look at circumstances in academic libraries >1 two hundred years ago. at that time academic libraries in america were indeed insignificant by today's perspective. dartmouth had 305 volumes. brown university owned 312 volumes including 't fifty-two received in 1772 which were "by far the greatest donation our little ~ library has yet had." princeton had more than 1,200 volumes, all to be consumed by fire in 1801. the university of pennsy~vania' s chief distinction in 1776 was that during the revolution it had received a gift of scientific books from louis xvi. columbia stor~d its volumes during the war in the city hall or elsewhere; british soldiers took them to barter for grog, and only six or seven hundred volumes were found-thirty years later-in st. paul's chapel. by the time of the revolution, yale had collected over 4,000 volumes in its library. the college of william and mary had a very few thousand volumes. harvard had lost all but 404 volumes of its library by fire in 1764, yet by the revolutionary war it had been rebuilt probably to nearly 10,000 volumes. by 1876 the circumstances were markedly different. great libraries had come upon the american scene. some remarkable librarians had created most of the essential concepts and policies for library administrative methods. collections began to grow rapidly, with a great deal of attention necessarily given to cataloging and classification. the year 1876 was momentous in that the american library association was formed. 1 the american library ] ournal was founded with four of its twenty-one associate editors "leading the profession" from university libraries. the library bureau was established as a supply house providing a major force toward i 205 206 1 college & research libraries • may 1976 standardization. it also was the year in which the classic -volume, public libraries in the united states of america; their history, condition and management, was published by the united states bureau of education. one looks in vain, however, in that major volume of 1,187 pages for any statement regarding cooperation among academic libraries. cooperative cataloging was one of the very first interests of the new library association. a committee was formed to devise a plan for continuation of poole's "index to periodical literature," and another committee tackled the matter of standardization of cataloging. several articles in the library i ournal discussed plans for cooperation in indexing and cataloging. yet it was a committe·e on cooperation in indexing and cataloguing college libraries, which was appointed august 1876, that is significant with respect to academic cooperation. it was formed by the librarians of the university of rochester, cornell university, vassar college, syracuse university, and the new york state library. this committee presented to the university convocation of the state of new york in july 1877 a substantial report which called upon college libraries to speak out on any special adaptation of the cooperative cataloging movement which was required for their special wants: at present the work is chiefly in the hands of the public libraries. . . . in making this report your committee do not wish to be understood as endorsing fully all the methods proposed by the committees of the library association. it is very doubtful whether as good cataloging can be done, in the manner proposed, by a considerable number of libraries, even under very explicit rules, as might be expected of one or two experts, who should work for pay under the general direction and criticism of the committee. cooperation can be secured quite as effectively by a combination of capital as by a combination of labor. in.such an enterprise the first most important thing to be aimed at is perfection of work. . . . other points might be mentioned but a review of the methods proposed is not the object of this report. we believe that it will be far better for us to work with the library association, though we may differ in opinion as to some details, than to undertake any separate work in this state.2 the decade of the 1890s witnessed the beginnings of major national programs of academic library cooperation. it did not come unannounced onto the scene. there had indeed been discussions over several previous decades, at least since 1851, and no doubt there may have been a large number of local arrangements of such cooperation. in 1898 the librarian of the university of california announced willingness to lend to other libraries that would lend to the university of california. in january 1898 the american library association began publishing analytic cards as a shared indexing/ cataloging program. the copy for these cards was prepared by five major libraries for articles in some 250 serials. the h. w. wilson company took over this analytic activity in june 1919 for incorporation into the international index of periodicals. into the twentieth century in another consideration, the librarian of princeton university, ernest c. richardson, proposed in the spring of 1899 "a lending library for libraries" and suggested that this might be the library of congress or an independent organization. the library of congress issued a policy governing interlibrary loans in 1907 and lent to such an extent that by 1909 it loaned. 1,023 volumes to 119 libraries -including forty-nine academic libraries which accounted for half of these loans. an ala interlibrary loan • + • a century of cooperative programs i 207 code was first published in 1916. if a union catalog of holdings is permitted within the definition of cooperation, there were then major developments, notably so in the first decade of this century. the first regional union catalog was created in 1901 at the california state library. after first being limited to periodicals, it was soon enlarged to cover all nonfiction. the national union catalog was established in 1900. in november 1901 the library of congress began selling copies of its printed catalog cards as well as galley proofs of these cards. during the winter of 1901-02 it began the donation of complete "depository" sets of cards to certain libraries. some libraries receiv,.; ing these began immediately to file them t 1 into their public card catalogs, thus constituting union catalogs. the university of chicago library from 1913 and the harvard college library from 1911 published printed cards, the scope designed to supplement lc and complement each other. chicago distributed its cards from 1913 until1917. (when chicago began distributing its cards may 2, 1913, those titles also owned by harvard, about 30 percent, appeared with the symbol "ucl-hcl.") the university of california issued them from 1915 to 1917. in july 1918 the university of chicago began publishing analytic cards for certain european serials. the university of michigan published for some time after 1924; the university of illinois started in 1926. wesleyan university published cards sold to thirtytwo research libraries from 1934 until world war ii. the library of congress established its cooperative cataloging division in 1932.3 another cooperative endeavor is that of joint acquisition programs. perhaps the earliest example is the 1913-14 south american buying trip to eleven countries by walter lichtenstein, the librarian of northwestern university. he acquired 9,000 volumes plus newspapers and a few manuscripts on behalf of harvard university, brown university, northwestern university, the john crerar library, and the american antiquarian society. one or two features of this joint effort are of note: in venezuela and bolivia and partly also in brazil the purchases consisted of collections which had to be divided among the cooperating institutions, and naturally included a fair amount of material which, either because the cooperating institutions already had it or because the class of material in question is not collected by the institutions which i represented, can be sold to other libraries in this country. the purchase of collections on joint account in this manner was a new experiment. it did not seem to me to be wholly satisfactory. the chief difficulty was that the material could not be readily divided until my own return to this country, with the result that no one knew until i did return how much each institution was liable, and hence i was considerably hampered in making further purchases. as it finally turned out, one institution acted to a large extent as banker for the other institutions, which evidently is pleasant enough for the latter, but is not quite fair to that institution which has the misfortune to be the banker .... when the collections came to be divided it was soon felt that the only possible way to divide the cost among the institutions interested was to devise a system of points. a pamphlet was counted as one point, an unbound volume as four, and a bound volume as eight.4 it seems quite certain that the increase in publishing in the 1850s and the economics surrounding the civil war brought an end to the common practice of publishing library catalogs periodically in book . form. it also there. by hastened the adoption of unitary catalog cards which during the last quarter of the nineteenth century became the prevalent mode for listing 208 i college & research libraries • may 1976 holdings and facilitated sharing of bibliographic data. if the more affluent times of the 1880s and 1890s resulted in phenomenal growth of collections, it may have been predictable there would be an upsurge in cooperative proposals and the beginning of national cooperative programs. despite the 1927 publication of the great union list of serials in libraries of the united states and canada, it would seem that the decade of the 1920s was not a period of new concepts in academic library cooperation. with the crash of 1929 and conditions of the great depression, however, there was impetus for cooperation which led to new programs of which a few among academic libraries may be cited. dozens of new union card catalogs were begun in the 1930s, stimulated by the vast federal relief program. one result was the 1940-41 survey under the sponsorship of the ala board of resources of american libraries which recommended their future coordination to assure thorough coverage, minimum overlap, and sound fiscal support. as a predecessor to cataloging-in-publication and the national program for acquisitions and cataloging (npac), the cooperative cataloging program began in 1932. within ten years nearly 400 u.s. and canadian libraries contributed data for 60,000 scholarly titles for lc editing and publication. an informal arrangement among several institutions constituted the cooperating libraries of upper new york, cluny. formed in 1931, it included buffalo university, colgate university, the grosvenor library, hamilton college, syracuse university, cornell university, and union college. this group functioned until 1939 as a clearinghouse for mutual problems and cooperated on a union list of periodicals and the joint purchase of microfilm of early english publications. an example of a formal agreement is the duke university and the university of north carolina interlibrary project. in 1931 these two institutions agreed to ~pedal book collecting areas, and the libraries exchanged author cards for their catalogs. four years later a messenger service commenced. two other ;north carolina institutions joined in 1955, and full borrowing privileges were extended to all members of each institution. an example of contractual arrangements among several libraries is the joint university libraries founded in 1936 by vanderbilt university, george peabody college, and scarritt college for christian workers. operating under a joint board of trustees, the facility is an independent entity, jointly owned and financed by the participants. 5 ano.ther example is the claremont colleges library system which began in 1931 when a contractual arrangement among the claremont graduate school, pomona college, and scripps college established a joint order and catalog department to serve the three libraries. a 1933 example of an arrangement for reciprocal borrowing privileges is the atlanta university center corporation in atlanta, georgia. with an initiating grant from the general education board it included atlanta university, morehouse college, spelman college, morris brown college, clark university, and in 1957 the interdenominational theological center. · another variation of interinstitutional cooperation is the unification of academic libraries under state control. this was pioneered in 1932 by the oregon state board ·of higher education which appointed one director of libraries for the entire state system and established the principle of free circulation among all state institutions. it also set up a central order division which now takes the form of a combined author list of all books and periodicals in the state .. ,. + a century of cooperative programs f 209 system maintained in the order department of the oregon state university library "to eliminate unnecessary duplication of materials."6 more recent events a highly selective list of other cooperative programs of the past forty years would include the following: 1942-0pening of the new england deposit library ( nedl) as a cooperative storage facility of boston college, boston university, harvard university, m.i.t., radcliffe college, simmons college, tufts university, and four nonacademic libraries. 1944-the cooperative committee on library building plans initiated by president dodds of princeton to concern itself with common problems in the planning for and design of academic library buildings. 1946-the cooperative acquisitions project for wartime publications conducted by the library of congress which, over three years, shipped nearly a million volumes from europe to 113 participating american libraries. 1948-formation of the universal serial and book exchange, inc. (previously named the u.s. book exchange). of the initial members, 106 ( 76 percent) were college or university libraries; they continue to deposit about 70 percent of the material exchanged, and they receive about the same percentage of 'the total distributed. 1948-start of servic.e under the farmington plan to about sixty research libraries of a coordinated foreign acquisition program for current matejcials of research value-a cooperative program born of disconcerting experiences with european acquisitions during and immediately following world war ii. this major cooperative program was one of the most effective and • significant over many years. with 1965 as an example, fifty-two libraries acquired 22,419 volumes, constituting the total research publications from fourteen countries, in addition to area assignment receipts from the lessdeveloped countries. 1951-0pening of the midwest interlibrary center, later to be known as the center for research libraries, by ten midwestern university libraries as a cooperative akin to the nedl but with a program for joint buying and different categories of deposit or center ownership. 1956-initiation of the foreign newspaper microfilm project a_s a cooperatively filmed, sharedpositive-copy program managed by the association of research libraries, the offspring of harvard's duplicate sale program begun in 1938. 1959-the latin american cooperative acquisitions program (la cap), begun as a commercial endeavor for about forty academic libraries. 7 1961-congress authorized · expenditures under public law 480 of blocked currencies for acquisition and cataloging of multiple copies of publications from eight countries. managed by the library of congress, this pl 480 program benefited over 300 academic libraries, with materials from ceylon, india, indonesia, israel; nepal, pakistan, united arab repub210 i college & research libraries • may 1976 lie, and yugoslavia. 1965-the medical library assistance act, creating, among other programs, the eleven regional medical libraries providing interlibrary loan and reference and consultation services to a broad region. seven are located in universities: harvard, university of washington, wayne state, ucla, emory, texas, and nebraska. 1966-the national program for acquisitions and cataloging (npac), managed by the library of congress and initiated by the association of research libraries. 1966-the new york state reference and research library resources program ( 3rs program) established to .facilitate use of research library materials. 1967 -incorporation of the ohio college library center ( oclc) as a cooperative cataloging service for ohio colleges and universities. 1968-the center for chinese research materials, formed by the association of research libraries for acquiring, reprinting, and distributing selected valuable but inaccessible chinese scholarly materials. 1973-the research libraries group, formed of harvard university, yale university, columbia university, and the new york public library, to undertake a program of coordinated collection building, reciprocal access privileges, delivery service, and a common computer storage of catalog records for their collections so as to enhance coordinated acquisitions and resource sharing. the composition of prograins for four cooperatives begun in the late 1960s may be cited as typical. the five associated university libraries (faul) in new york (buffalo, rochester, syracuse, cornell, and binghamton) currently includes assigned subject specialization for acquisitions, delivery service, photocopying, reciprocal borrowing, expanded interlibrary loan service, and joint research projects. ·the librarians of the council of independent kentucky colleges and universities encompasses twenty-one colleges active in joint purchase, assigned subject specialization, reciprocal borrowing privileges, expanded interlibrary loan service, and production of union lists and directories. the middle atlantic research libraries information network (marlin) of seven universities includes delivery services, photocopying, mutual notification of purchase, production of union lists and directories, expanded interlibrary loan, and special communication services. the north dakota network for knowledge of seventeen college and university libraries plus thirteen public and special libraries includes all of marlin's program except purchase notification and also provides mutual reference services, reciprocal borrowing, and operation of a special bibliographic center. one or two cooperative liaisons were ·formed every year or so from 1930 until 1960 when there was a sharp increase. the delanoy-cuadra directory lists the births: four in 1964;· seven in 1965; eleven in 1966; sixteen in 1967; twentyfour in 1968; twenty-four in 1969; and at least nineteen in 1970.8 if one had a comparable mortality list, one might speculate that some of these would falter. yet a spot check found none of those listed as formed during the 1960s were deceased by 1975. short-lived efforts also provide lessons yet it must also be recorded that some • • + a century of cooperative programs i 211 major attempts at cooperation among academic libraries petered out or failed, though much may have been learned. an evaluative history of library cooperation is faced with problems. joe w. kraus has written: several difficulties present themselves at the outset. the literature of library · cooperation is very large and most of the articles are uncritical. although most of the cooperative enterprises of libraries are announced and described in some detail in library periodicals, there are few evaluative reports that give a clear account of the success of a venture and the factors leading to success or failure. unsuccessful ones, in fact, simply seem to fade away. costs of a cooperative effort are particularly hard to ascertain, in part because many expenses are absorbed in the participating libraries, and in part because standard reporting procedures have generally not yet been developed.9 one may here cite the columbia-harvard-yale medical library computerbased cooperative c·ataloging program that was terminated after operating from 1963 to 1966. as stated in the research proposal issued in december 1962 from the yale medical library, the objective of the project was to test the feasibility of using a computerized catalog to provide rapid and improved information services in medical libraries. an on-line system was projected; the significant achievements were the recording of 23,000 titles and the automated production of catalog cards. (it was the precursor of oclc.) an array of technical problems concerned input procedures. a change in data format standards was needed. authority files were lacking. the subject treatment caused great problems, as did error-detection procedures. there were problems of staff cooperation. and communication.10 operational methods among the three participants varie<l widely, and detailed documentation of procedures and decisions was lacking. furthermore, "it had become apparent that a latent conflict of purpose had begun to form between the interests of the inter-institutional project comprising divisional, i.e., medical libraries, and the interests of the individual university library systems where the medical library is but one of the integral units."11 another which did not last long was the colorado academic libraries book processing center, which also operated for only three years. this colorado project began in 1965 with nine academic libraries. the test phase, operated for fourteen institutions, lasted from early 1969 until 1973 and covered the full tange of acquisitions, cataloging, processing, and bookkeeping. its problems were incompatibilities among library procedures; changes not made by all of the individual libraries; differences in size, traditions, and service philosophies; and failure to recognize that errors were inevitable. turnaround time was below expectation and generally inferior to . that obtained when libraries ordered direct from publishers or jobbers. communication breakdowns accounted for many problems. geographical separation of participants was partially to blame, and staff did not understand the center's role or how it would affect their jobs, future, and status. furthermore, "centralization, cooperation, and computerization have created a library environment that is completely alien to many librarians."12 its final processes were phased out in 1973. the most successful acquisition and processing centers, both founded in 1969, are the cooperative college library center, inc., in atlanta, and the massachusetts central library processing service in amherst. from the latter, thirty-one institutions were provided acquisition support and cataloging; a million items have been processed by its batch computer process. exceedingly low costs were achieved under con212 i college & research libraries • may 1976 straints which constitute mass production methods. the program was successful in bringing public higher education librarians together in an organized way, which was timely since the commonwealth legislature eliminated funding for fiscal year 1976. more often those cooperatives that were weak were merged into other programs, reduced to a smaller practical element, or superseded by a newer, larger, and more effective program. an example of a program which served its time is the farmington plan of 1948 to 1972 which was obviated as strength was gained by the national program for acquisitions and cataloging (title ii-c of the higher education act signed into law november 8, 1965). the pl 480 program was also a factor. 13 diversity in recent efforts academic library cooperation is clearly flourishing. after many experimental starts, there seem to have been persistent efforts since the 1930s. such programs continued to grow in number and magnitude after world war ii. it may indeed be asserted that the efforts since world war ii have become more formal, more extensive, and far more expensive than previous efforts. developments such as the new england deposit library and, particularly, the center for research libraries demanded active participation and support by college presidents. a program such as the n ationa! program for acquisitions and cataloging involved congressional lobbying with resultant major appropriations and sweeping impact. the formation of the ohio college library center demonstrated that cataloging operations could be effectively supported daily through on-line access to a single computer system. formation of the research libraries group indicated that not only the libraries of oclc but also the largest academic and research libraries in the nation found the need and the means for a major e·ffort involving a legal instrument, highly expert professional staff, fund-raising programs, and locally contributed effort. the more prevalent existing programs found among 125 consortia ( of which 60 percent were incorporated) may be tabulated as follows: 14 reciprocal borrowing privileges-97 expanded interlibrary loan service -80 union catalogs or lists-78 photocopying services-72 reference services-50 delivery service-44 mutual notification of purchase40 special communications service-35 publications programs-34 catalog card production-34 other cataloging support-33 joint purchasing of materials-30 assigned subject specialization of acquisitions-28 quite clearly there are few completely innovative programs. an effort like the research libraries group contains elements from a number of programs of the past forty-five years. in his recent article, "an historical look at .resource sharing," basil stuart-stubbs concluded: if the word network wasn't prominent in the vocabulary of our pioneers, the concept was there. in fact, although the centennial of samuel swett green's proposal for interlibrary lending will be celebrated next year [i.e., 1976], and although the dimensions of cooperation among libraries have increased enormously, there have been few intellectual innovations in the interim years. wherever the spirits of our predecessors now abide, they must be waiting for the realization of their ancient hopes.15 just as there are few completely novel twists to academic library cooperation, so also one can find little novelty in the impetus for and obstacles to cooperative programs. joseph becker has cited the • a century of cooperative programs i 213 motivating factors of service, economics, and technology.16 john p. mcdonald expanded these to include financial constriction, cost sharing, availability of funds, pressure of numbers, resource improvement, service improvement, management improvement, image enhancement, and technological development. to these nine forces urging cooperative enterprise, he has also cited a number of obstacles. if there are incentives to cooperation, there are also many problems and difficulties that limit or frustrate our best efforts at collective action. there is, for example, a persistent attitude that assigns cooperative activities low priority and low or no budget. this viewpoint insists that cooperation be undertaken as a part-time extra duty and then only after more important work has been accomplished. there are other attitudes that have proved difficult to overcome. it is asserted that cooperation causes delay and inconvenience resulting in a general deterioration in service. other complaints are that cooperation is expensive, that it involves high effort for low return, that there are inequities in contributions and benefits, and that cooperation is often ill defined or redundant.17 these problems may be endemic with any -cooperative program-less visible where cooperation between two departments of a single library is concerned but exposed to view and psychologically much more difficult to resolve when cooperation between two institutions is undertaken. when one remembers that almost any two institutions are disparate in program, financial support, and a host of other variables, one may wonder whether any cooperation can be effective and lasting. 18 the challenges, the opportunities, and the problems do not seem to change fundamentally with the ,. passing of time. this may be true even for technological development. in 1851, three years after charles c. jewett left brown university to become librarian of the newly established smithsonian institution, he proposed the stereotype printing of cataloging data. 19 however, the spirit of cooperation was blunted by the difficulties of organizing the business and the unexpected warping of the plates. the library of congress card distribution plan of fifty years later pursued this same promise of a new technology which could solve problems of individual libraries. historical lessons the relative impact of these obstacles will change with respect to each cooperative endeavor. furthermore, each endeavor is commonly a mix of several incentive factors and must cope with a variety of obstacles.20 what can be concluded from this review of cooperative programs over the last century? in 1945 an assessment was made by robert b. downs. his study revealed certain important principles which have influenced the success or failure of various kinds of library cooperation. first, distance is a handicap, and it is easier for libraries not too far removed from each other to work together. second, regional library cooperation has its greatest opportunities in those areas with inadequate book resources. third, libraries should not be asked to give up anything but rather to assume positive responsibilities and receive direct benefits. fourth, agreements must be flexible enough to provide for expansion and adjustment. fifth, complete elimination of duplication between libraries is not possible or desirable. finally, only a comparatively limited number of libraries are at present equipped to make any substantial or effective contribution to a general program of cooperation on the research level.21 a university president provided another assessment. 214 i college & research libraries • may 1976 it is my personal judgment that those that work best are of two sorts: they are either between universities, or parts of universities, of equal status and quality or, at the other extreme, between universities, or parts of universities, that differ widely in status or quality .... but where the gradations in quality are small in extent but noticeable, co-operation is exceedingly difficult .... the obstacles to co-operation are not material. ... [they] are found in the mind and spirit of rna~. they are institutional pride and institutional jealousy .... they are inertia and complacency. it is self-satisfaction, institutionwise, that makes the building of effective co-operation a difficult thing. and i would say, finally, that it is an irrational provincialism or an emotional particularism on the part of college faculties which makes co-operation difficult.22 to some extent there are cycles of popularity. within a decade after the new england deposit library was opened, the center for research libraries and the hampshire inter-library center came along, soon followed by local storage facilities for princeton university, the university of michigan, and the university of california at berkeley. at the moment, computer-related programs are clearly looked upon as holding great promise. they are the prime, but not the only, objective of consortia such as nelinet founded in 1966, solinet ( 1974), midlnet (1974), and class (1976). for instance, midlnet, the midwest region library network, includes research libraries and state networks in michigan, indiana, wisconsin, minnesota, illinois, iowa, and missouri; it aims to develop faster delivery of books to users; to coordinate library planning, development, and research in the midwest; to attract federal funds available for regional library network development; to provide a voice in the emerging national library network; and to develop a coordinated program of materia,ls preservation. each of these programs rides some wave pattern of popularity and success. each individual library tries its ability to swim in the current, but none operates apart from circumstances in its own institution. library changes can be found to be closely derivative of their institutional conditions and/ ot national circumstances.23 the cause and effect can sometimes be clearly traced. for example, projects supported by the library services and construction act title iii (signed into law july 1966) for intertype cooperatives obviously show derivation from that federal law. one can cite the 1972 cooperative information network in california which was formed of 250 libraries, including the university of california campus at santa cruz, the universities of santa clara, san jose state, golden gate, and stanford together with over a dozen community colleges and the u.s. naval postgraduate school. yet the new england deposit library was born of space problems mounting during the depression years, although the concept was proposed by harvard's president eliot. in the fall of 1901, eliot wrote that the increasing rate at which large collections of books grow suggests strongly that some new policy is needed concerning the storage of these immense masses of printed matter .... it may be doubted whether it be wise for a university to undertake to store books by the million, when only a small proportion of the material stored can be in active use. now that travel and sending of books to all parts of the country has become cheap, it may well be that great accumulations of printed matter will be held accessible at only three or four points in the country. . . . the unused might be stored in a much more compact manner than they are now, even in the best-arranged stacks. 24 the concept is venerable, but it had to await implementation until the massive ) a century of cooperative programs i 215 widener library was full in the 1930s. then the new england deposit library was justified and financed. timing is often key, as with the nedl. the center for research libraries was initiated under the name midwest inter-library center. but ten years before its foundation president robert m. hutchins of the university of chicago asked keyes d. metcalf to conduct a study of such a cooperative facility for twelve midwest universities stretching from ohio to minnesota and michigan to missouri. eleven of the twelve university presidents approved the idea, and only one was opposed. however, eleven of the twelve librarians opposed the idea, and only one approved of it. metcalf suggested the matter be put off until after the approaching war. when a new study was then made, it turned out that all but one of the librarians had changed and all but one of the presidents had retired. eleven out of twelve current incumbents of both groups then approved. thus can ten years change attitudes toward interlibrary cooperation. recent cooperative examples face most if not all of the problems treated above, develop under similar motivations, and seem to follow principles in, fluencing their success which are the same as similar programs of past decades. one significant difference seems to be the greater legal and administrative formality required. in this connection, it may be useful to review the purposes for creation of the center for research libraries, the ohio college library center, and the research libraries group. these may be typical of the next significant wave of developments. e-xamples of increased formality the center for research libraries was incorporated in 1949 by ten universities as a nonprofit corporation with the primary purpose of increasing the library research resources available to cooperating institutions in the midwest. four areas of activity were initially outlined: the deposit into a common pool of the infrequently used library materials held by the participating institutions in order to reduce their local · space needs, and also to make more readily available when needed more complete collections than any one of the participating libraries itself could reasonably maintain for its own exclusive use. the cooperative purchase and centralized cataloguing and housing of infrequently used library research materials that were not already adequately available to the participants. the centralized acquisition and cataloging [sic] of the materials acquired by the participants for their own collections. the coordination of the acquisitions of the individual participating libraries to avoid unnecessary duplication.25 a building for the center was occupied in 1951. within a dozen years the cooperative acquisition program had been given increased emphasis. the most significant shift came in 1963 when the center invited stephen a. mccarthy and raynard c. swank to survey the program and make recommendations dealing with concerns such as the gradual assumption of many characteristics of a ~national interlibrary center while its base of support was primarily r~gio-!}al; questions of whether the center's activities were truly worth their cost to the members; how it could be of better service to all of the nation's research libraries ( and potentially of canada and mexico as well); and how it might most effectively broaden its base of support. the most significant recommendation was that: the center should formally cease to be a regional. agency and should become a national institution. 216 i college & research libraries • may 1976 all suitable methods of bringing about this change should be fully explored. in seeking the best means of becoming a national research library center, the possibility of a relationship with the association of research libraries and contractual relationships with the library of congress and other federal agencies should be thoroughly investigated.26 among many recommendations and changes in the acquisition program, this change to a national scope and alterations of its governance, funding, and operations have been especially significant, and have led to an increase in its membership from the original ten universities to a present total of sixty. the ohio college library center was incorporated in 1967 by nine public and private colleges and universities as a notfor-profit corporation. there were fiftyfour members during 1967-68. the· oclc articles include the statement that: the purpose or purposes for which this corporation is formed are to establish, maintain and operate a computerized, regional library center to 'serve the academic libraries of ohio (both state and private) and designed so as to become a part of any national electronic network for bibliographical communication; to develop, maintain and operate a shared cataloging program based upon a central computer store; to create, maintain and operate a computerized central catalog (inventory) of books and journals in the participating libraries; and to do such research and development related to the above as are necessary to accomplish and to extend the concept.27 that same year the oclc trustees approved a general statement of two principal goals for the organization: these goals are, 1) increase of resources for education and research to faculty and students of its member in· stitutions, and 2) the deceleration of per-student costs in its member colleges and universities. techniques for achieving these goals include library and the new library-like information servicing techniques, such as dial-up 'installations, audiovisual centers, and computer assisted instruction. although "academic libraries" of the immediate future must be looked upon as including all of these activities, only the traditional library is presently common to all institutions which are oclc members. therefore, major emphasis in planning and development will continue to be for activities associated with classical library operations. however, oclc will stand ready to participate in newer information servicing activities, and it may well be that furnishing powerful computation service will be among its earliest activities.28 in 1974-75, participating libraries cataloged 2,555,055 books; the data base contained over 5.3 million locations. cataloging using existing records in the on-line catalog increased to 84.7 percent. use of records for catalog production by libraries other than the one inputting the record rose to 41.8 percent. this indicates a major operational interlibrary endeavor. the research libraries group was formed by columbia, harvard, and yale universities and the new york public library to develop a common bibliographic system, cooperative acquisitions, shared resources, and a program of book conservation. the presidents of the three universities gave their strong endorsement to the rlg concept, and the trustees of nypl demonstrated their support by voting in october 1974 to allow materials from the research libraries to be sent to other rlg · ·members on interlibrary loan. the research libraries group is governed py a board of directors with working committees on policies and programs for preservation, collection development, serials, readers services, bibliographic pro+ i a century of cooperative programs f 217 cesses and control, and systems and technology applications. it has created a joint bibliographic center and appointed a president and vice-president for systems. it was incorporated in december 1975 as a not-for-profit corporation. the certificate of incorporation presently includes the statement: the nature of the activities to be conducted, or the purposes to be carried out by the corporation, are as follows: (a) to promote coordination in the development of library collections, and to develop cooperative programs in the conservation and preservation of library materials; (b) to develop improved methods for identifying and locating recorded information in libraries and for creating and · using bibliographic systems; (c) to develop, operate, support and coordinate cooperative programs to improve physical access to the collections of libraries; (d) to improve the efficiency and to promote economics in the operations of libraries; (e) generally, in any and all lawful ways to improve library services provided by the members; and (f) to engage in any other lawful act or activities (consistent with the foregoing purposes). 29 in its first report to a supporting foundation, the rlg restated that rapid development of a limited number of cost-effective programs is vi~wed as the basis for eventual solicitation of other members similar in nature to the founders and possibly selling services on a cost-recovery basis to other libraries. assessments of usefulness how useful are existing cooperative programs from the point of view of the college or university student or professor? one finds little data that can help in the evaluation. it may be worth noting that there have been almost no published research studies comparing and analyzing two or more cooperative programs of a similar nature. 30 a tabulation of cataloging copy contributed to the national union catalog indicates records which constitute interlibrary loan potential for other institutions as well as potential shared cataloging. in 197 4-75, academic libraries contributing the largest number of cards were the following: university of texas harvard university university of wisconsin cornell university university of california, berkeley yale university rutgers university princeton university columbia university duke university indiana university ohio state university 124,209 113,830 105,386 97,494 83,213 78,230 76,277 74,353 68,751 67,795 66,548 66,060 since universities use lc cataloging for from 35 percent to 89· percent of their material, the value of help via nuc, marc, npac, and other lc · processing department products is clearly in the tens of millions of dollars. statistics of interlibrary lending and borrowing are evidence of the value of one universal cooperative program. using a sample of academic libraries, the picture for 1974-75 is shown in table 1. of all recorded circulation, the interlibrary traffic constitutes an almost infinitesimal proportion-an aggregate average of 1.79 percent for colleges and 1.33 percent for universities! it is the most expensive form of resource sharing. (it may cost 5 cents to circulate a reserve book, 10 cents from the general stack collections, $1.00 from a locked stack, $2.00 from a campus auxiliary stack, but it costs from $4.00 to $9.00 by interlibrary loan.) specific evidence is avail:;tble of another type of program directly benefiting patrons-commuting service for persons to another library. an instance is the intercampus bus service estab218 i college & research libraries • may 1976 table i interlmrary lending and borrowing and total recorded cmculation, selected colleges and universities, 1974-75 name of items institution borrowed colleges amherst 1,826 bowdoin 287 colby 863 denison 143 goucher 23 ithaca 559 middlebury 1,430 mills 22 oberlin 1,408 occidental 36 reed 199 stephens 16 vassar 2,823 weber state 379 westmount 159 wooster 459 universities delaware 3,301 humboldt state 1,008 illinois 4,427 kansas 6,126 long beach, cal. state 3,311 michigan 5,910 northwestern 1,311 pennsylvania 2,612 stanford 3,529 texas 2,648 ucla 4,006 utah 4,549 virginia 1,962 u. of washington 3,349 lished in late 1961 by the university of california. transporting scholars and books six days each week, it operates from davis and santa cruz to berkeley, and from irvine, riverside, san diego, and santa barbara to ucla. during 1972-73 there were over 16,000 passengers plus 35,000 complete interlibrary or returned personal loans. a study in early 1974 revealed half of the commuters used library services or collections; the others used laboratories, attended classes, or were otherwise on university business. before making the trip, 19 percent had conferred with a local librarian about the resources to be visit· ed, and 58 percent went with some preknowledge of what they would find. a third of the commuters checked out a items total recorded lent circulation 2,424 62,092 1,504 84,212 387 80,993 94 46,816 17 44,262 600 105,421 1,206 89,358 45 41,906 2,751 290,386 21 85,040 316 38,906 5 61,264 3,218 104,832 50 87,840 103 37,247 98 48,739 2,953 394,022 412 437,819 43,729 1,882,960 7,346 1,033,353 1,402 944,577 8,939 1,565,148 3,653 1,014,701 9,079 545,293 16,737 1,481,675 8,615 1,626,449 14,695 1,933,268 5,693 549,463 6,848 521,742 53,055 2,792,968 book, the return of which by a later bus constituted a third of the above annual quantity of loans while the other twothirds were interlibrary loans including the 9 percent personally fetched and charged out by the bus driver. here is another quantifiable example of practical interinstitutional sharing of library resources. one looks in vain in published library literature to find major comprehensive cost-effectiveness studies of joint acquisitions programs or interlibrary borrowing. to the patron they are relatively marginal programs when viewed against the totality of library services in any one college or university. institutions have obviously recognized that the final 1 percent of service volume t a century of cooperative programs j 219 justifies costs that are disproportionate. the nature of future prospects it is difficult to· discern trends. interinstitutional cooperation seems to be universaily recognized as essential, although the extraordinary efforts required and the hazards in the course are now understood-and continue to exist. in some sense a library is only effective if it has acquisition, processing, and service programs; physical facilities in which to house the collections and readers; and a specialized staff for these programs. many but not all aspects of this library program are subject to interinstitutional cooperation. for those that are subject to a cooperative approach, nearly all types have been explored and are still being pursued. where staff pressures increase, and as economic circumstances shift and technology develops, buffeted by institutional and national economic conditions, the movement for academic library cooperation advances on different fronts at different times. it seems, however, like an army moving ahead-the cavalry unit or armored tank unit, followed by foot soldiers, supply, communication, and management units, with no one getting far ahead of the others and no unit of the force long ignored. r the economic motive may not always l be the eternal catalyst, yet it can be found in every one of the examples eited. 31 the financial resources used by libraries in their acquisition of materials and provision of service to users create economic environments. whether they be in publicly or privately supported institutions, they respond to national changes in the economy and to local conditions. programs have . prospered with good fiscal support or have remained static due to · inadequate economic studies or an insufficient financial base. american academic libraries have reached a watershed that is almost as significant as the change from block printing to printing with movable type. this conclusion is based on the presumption that on-line computer-based operational programs constitute a radical and permanent change in cooperative style. when one is freed from most of the constraints of the card catalog, of the u.s. mail, and of locally prepared cataloging data, this adoption of sophisticated on-line computer-based programs may well be by far the most significant change ever achieved in library operations. it is a permanent change in the mode of library operations which should be accomplished during the period 1965 to 199().32 it is not a sudden change, for it has its origins in the early 1950s; and, indeed, library programs using tabulating machines date from the mid-1930s. yet if one looks ahead ten years, the college student of 1986 may well find at least 10 percent of all bibliographic citations of the library collections in machinereadable form accessible through a computer terminal; in some instances it may reach 100 percent. it is certain to include all of the more heavily used materials. the student will also be able via the terminal to call upon collections in other libraries, locally and nationally, and have instantaneous loan transactions, only constrained by copyright controls on photocopying and limited by telefacsimile or by the remaining need to send the text by air parcel post. just as the development of national standards was important in 1876 and 1900, it again becomes of major importance in the nation's ability to develop a national . computer-supported system of libraries. this shift to on-line computer-based systems nationally linked will ·face the same type of problems as have been seen in cooperative examples cited above. after reviewing current experience with computerized library and academic resource-sharing networks, pro220 i college & research libraries • may 1976 fessor lewis b. mayhew concluded: it seems clear that the major problems to be overcome with respect to educational or research use of networks are not technical. technical problems either have been solved or the directions established to solve them. the real problems are political, organizational and economic. governmental policy must be refined so as to produce health and balanced growth rather than uneven and unplanned partial growth. universities, by tradition in:dependent, must find ways of reorganizing their uses of computers so as to optimize effectiveness and institutional autonomy. they need to mature to a point where they will trust external agencies. and as has been indicated earlier, stable, long-range systems of financing must be found. 33 the economically forced and technologically facilitated cooper~tion of the 1970s must surely be resulting in just as significant a change in the libraries of the future as the political changes of 1776 created for the new american nation. the thirteen separate states operating independently then formed a federal government with careful orchestration of local authority, regional coordination, selected national standards, and some over-reaching federal programs. at the time the american library association was formed in 1876, the union of interests had recently been reasserted. there would seem to be a close parallel with the state of librarianship in this decade as it applies to cooperative programs among academic libraries. references 1. an earlier move in this direction was the librarians' convention held in new york in 1853. "proceedings," norton's literary register, 1854, p.49--94. 2. "co-operative college cataloguing," american library journal 1:435-36 (august 1877). 3. of historical use are the "symposium on printed catalog cards," library journal 36:543-56 (nov. 1911), and the volume by robert b. downs, union catalogs in the united states (chicago: american library assn., 1942). 4. walter lichtenstein, "report to the president of northwestern university on the results of a trip to south america," northwestern university bulletin 16:8-9 (sept. 1915). 5. in this setting the conference of graduate deans and librarians resulted in the development of library resources and graduate work in the cooperative university centers of the south;.. proceedings ... held at the ]oint university libraries ... , ed. philip g. davidson and a. f. kuhlman (nashville, tenn.: joint university libraries, 1944). 6. a useful work is by mildred hawksworth lowell, college and university library consolidations (eugene: oregon state system of higher education, 1942). 7. m. j. savary, the latin american cooperative acquisitions program; an imaginative venture (new york: hafner, 1968). 8. diana delanoy and carlos a. cuadra, directory of academic library consortia (santa monica, calif.: system development corp., 1971). a second edition by donald v. black and carlos a. cuadra appeared in spring 1976. 9. joe w. kraus, "prologue to library cooperation," library trends 24:171 (oct. 1975). this issue is devoted to "library cooperation." 10. paul j. fasana, "the collaborative library systems development project (clsdp): a mechanism for inter-university cooperation," in collaborative library systems development (cambridge, mass.: m.i.t. pr., 1971)' p.22&-36. 11. ritvars bregzis, the columbia-harvard¥ ale medical libraries computerized protect-a review (toronto: 1966), p.4; see also specific comments on eleven major problems areas on p.17-19. see also frederick g. kilgour, "basic systems assumptions of the columbia-harvard-yale medical libraries computerization project," information retrieval with special reference to the biomedical sciences; papers presented at the second institute on information retrieval, ed. wesley siminton and charlene mason (minneapolis: univ. of minnesota, 1966), p.145-54. 12. richard m. dougherty and joan m. maier, centralized processing · for academic libraries: the final report, phase ill, ]an. 1-]une 30, 1969, of the colorado academic a century of cooperative programs i 221 libraries book processing center-the first six months of operation (metuchen, n.j.: scarecrow, 1971), p.119. see also allen b. veaner, "colorado academic libraries book processing center-consulting report," june 1972. 13. a useful review is james e. skipper, "national planning for resource development," library trends 14:321--34 (oct. 1966); see also robert vosper, the farm·ington plan survey: a summary of the separate studies of 1957-1961 ([occasional papers, no.77] urbana: university of illinois graduate school of library science, 1965). 14. carlos a. cuadra and ruth j. patrick, "survey of academic library consortia in the u.s.," college & research libraries 33:271-83 (july 1972). 15. basil stuart stubbs, "an historical look at resource sharing," library trends 23: 662 (april 1975). 16. joseph becker, "information network prospects in the united states," library trends 17:311-12 (jan. 1969). 17. john p. mcdonald, "interlibrary cooperation in the united states," issues in library administration, ed. warren m. tsuneishi, thomas r. buckman, and yukihisa suzuki (new york: columbia univ. pr., 1974), p.131. 18. an extensive list of problems is presented by merton w. ertell, interinstitutional cooperation in higher education; a study of experiences with reference to new york state (albany: the university of the state of new york, 1957), p.98-100. 19. charles coffin jewett, "a plan for stereotyping catalogues by separate titles, and for forming a general stereotyped catalogue of public libraries of the united states," proceedings of the american association for the advancement of science 4:165-76 (aug. 1850). . 20. a useful work is ruth j. patrick, guidelines for the development of academic library consortia (santa monica, calif.: system development corporation, 1971). 21. robert b. downs, "american library cooperation in review," college & research libraries 6:407-15 (sept. 1945, part ii). 22. ernest c. colwell, "inter-university cooperation," library quarterly 22:2-3 (jan. 1952). 23. in this connection, a useful work is eileen thornton, "cooperation among colleges," library trends 6:309-25 (jan. 1958). 24. president's report for 1900-01, p.30-31. see also library ]ournal27:53-54 (1902). 25. quotations from stephen a. mccarthy and raynard c. swank, "the report of a survey with an outline of programs arid policies" (chicago: 1965), as reprinted in michael m. reynolds, ed., reader in library cooperation (washington, d.c.: ncr microcard editions, 1972), p.199. 26. ibid., p.200. 27. "articles of incorporation of the ohio college library center," approved july 6, 1967, third section. 28. annual report 1967/68, p.2-3. 29. from internal draft document, november 1975. personal communication from james e. skipper. 30. an exception is the study by h. joanne harrar of the nedl, crl, and hilc, summarized as "cooperative storage warehouses," college & research libraries 25: 37-43 (jan. 1964). 31. note for example a product of the association of research libraries: problems and prospects of the research library [papers and proceedings of the monticello conference], ed. edwin e. williams (new brunswick, n.j.: scarecrow, 1955). 32. four seminal works may be cited as omens: (1) conference on libraries and automation, airlie foundation, 1963, libraries and automation: proceedings, ed. barbara evans markuson (washington, d.c.: library of congress, 1964); (2) summer study on information networks, university of colorado, 1966, edunet: report, authors and eds., george w. brown, james g. miller, and thomas a. keenan (new york: wiley, 1967); (3) conference on interlibrary communications and information networks, 1970, proceedings, ed. joseph becker (chicago: american library assn., 1971); and (4) u.s. national commission on libraries and information science, toward a national program for library and information services: goals for action (washington, d.c.: u.s. govt. print. off., 1975). 33. lewis b. mayhew, computerized networks among libraries and universities: an administrators overview (ed 115220) ( stanford, calif.: eric clearinghouse on information resources, 1975), p.61. david c. weber is director of university libraries, stanford university, stanford, california. oliva.p65 bringing federal documents to the forefront for library users 555 bringing federal documents to the forefront for library users: selective cataloging using an opac victor t. oliva this article reviews the value of federal depository document titles, of­ ten underutilized as sources of research, and discusses reasons why many of them are worth cataloging. several approaches to cataloging these titles to make them more readily accessible are profiled. the adelphi university library has devised a system, relying on boolean logic and using an online public access catalog (opac), to choose which deposi­ tory titles are worth cataloging because of their scholarly research value. this has resulted in the enrichment and expansion of the collection of readily available research titles and has contributed significantly to the library’s permanent collection development program. ne important and inexpensive source of information for li­ brary users in a college, a uni­ versity, or a research library is that of depository titles received from the government printing office (gpo). fed­ eral depository libraries may receive a large range of titles that vary in size (e.g., one-page flyer or poster to a multivolume set) and quality. adelphi university li­ brary devised a system using an online public access catalog (opac) to catalog depository titles of scholarly research value. as a result, access to readily avail­ able sources of information was improved and a significant contribution to the library’s permanent collection develop­ ment program was made. federal deposi­ tory titles, immense and yet vastly underutilized sources of scholarly re­ search, were thus brought to the forefront in the library’s opac and to the atten­ tion of library users. in this article, a review of the profes­ sional literature shows why federal de­ pository titles should be more readily ac­ cessible in a library’s opac. various ap­ proaches to cataloging, including down­ loading all depository titles and choos­ ing specific ones, are critiqued. two un­ orthodox approaches to improving access to federal documents also are reviewed. in addition, the experience of adelphi university library in grappling with this problem is evaluated in detail. based on this experience, it is strongly recom­ mended that depository libraries care­ fully choose significant federal depository titles for inclusion in their opac. review of the professional literature a review of the professional literature suggests a continuing trend to make fed­ eral depository titles more readily acces­ sible to library users. the first question to address is why these materials are victor t. oliva is coordinator of reference services and documents reference librarian in the adelphi university library; e-mail: oliva@adelphi.edu. 555 mailto:oliva@adelphi.edu 556 college & research libraries november 2000 worth acquiring. marilyn k. moody ar­ gued that government documents should be the source of first resort for research on any topic.1 sometimes the first place given the fact that federal docu­ ments are an important source for academic and research libraries, a second question is how to make them more readily accessible. that information is published and distrib­ uted is in government documents. re­ search on some subjects of vital interest to the public, for example, may be essen­ tial and yet not commercially viable for private publishers. another consideration is the fact that for some subjects the ex­ pertise and the funding available in gov­ ernment agencies are unavailable in the private sector. thus, using the informa­ tion in government publications is worth the consideration of serious researchers. given the fact that federal documents are an important source for academic and research libraries, a second question is how to make them more readily acces­ sible. in an article on the importance of cataloging government documents, pub­ lished in 1989, mary redmond character­ ized this notion as moving them from the backwater to the mainstream.2 she argued that federal documents cannot be ex­ ploited to their full potential unless they are cataloged and accessible through an online catalog. redmond reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of three methods of accomplishing this: • direct loading of tapes from the monthly catalog of united states govern­ ment publications; • contracting with a vendor to use these same data; • individual cataloging using the oclc database. the problem with the first two options above is that they would include all titles available rather than focus on the titles the librarian actually feels are worth cataloging. the third option, selectively cataloging federal depository titles, re­ quires a greater financial and staff com­ mitment than some libraries are willing to make. (this option is addressed in some detail later in this article.) redmond also pointed out that other alternatives are available, such as online access through dialog or brs and through cd-rom access. alternative online access is prob­ lematic because it includes all items avail­ able, as opposed to the ones that a selec­ tive depository actually receives. more­ over, it would include woefully outdated titles that a library already may have dis­ carded because the monthly catalog in electronic format covers publications as far back as 1976 and most selective de­ positories do not keep them much longer than five years. federal depository titles, whether maintained in a separate collection or integrated with a library’s book collection, are of little value unless they are used. in addressing the issue of how to de­ velop a collection development policy for government documents, stanley p. hodge, diane calvin, and galen e. rike discussed the importance of improving their accessibility.3 federal depository titles cover a broad range of subjects and are a rich source for research but, unfor­ tunately, are overlooked and underutilized by both library users and the librarians who serve them. integrat­ ing documents into a library’s cataloged collection would increase their visibility and thus their utilization. even if federal depository titles are maintained in a sepa­ rate collection, the wealth of information they contain can be exploited if they are cataloged. federal depository titles, whether maintained in a separate collection or in­ tegrated with a library’s book collection, are of little value unless they are used. in an article discussing the organization of depository titles, naomi v. kerze ad­ dressed this issue.4 prior to 1976, when aacr rules and cataloging became avail­ able for use in the monthly catalog, it would have been prohibitively expensive bringing federal documents to the forefront for library users 557 to catalog all or a large portion of deposi­ tory titles. if documents are kept separate and are not cataloged, they are less likely to be used. library users may not know they need a document title for their re­ search unless an index or a catalog leads them to it. documents may be accessible through a paper index, but a paper index is less likely to be used than a catalog (which includes both books and docu­ ments). thus, the documents still may be underutilized. kerze showed that docu­ ment titles in a card catalog (i.e., one that includes both books and depository titles) will be used more heavily. it also should be noted that after library users are led from a catalog to a specific document title, they are inclined to look for and find re­ lated titles there. when using an opac, library users are likely to search by sub­ ject, and if the depository title can be found there, it is more likely to be used. kerze concluded that with bibliographic access to depository titles in an online catalog, the debate over separate-versus­ integrated documents collections has be­ come irrelevant. the positive impact of bringing federal depository titles into the “bibliographic mainstream” by cataloging them was af­ firmed by liz c. alexander.5 she argued that gpo inspectors have strongly en­ couraged depository libraries to do so. she also reported that all studies have shown the positive impact of cataloging documents in terms of increased circula­ tion, interlibrary loan, and in-house use. the value of a federal depository collec­ tion is confirmed and enhanced by its use. approaches to accessing government publications accepting the premise that being able to find depository titles in an opac is criti­ cal to making library users aware of their existence, several strategies have been initiated to reach this goal. one possible approach is to match a library’s holdings against gpo tapes, retrospectively cata­ loging them and making them opac ac­ cessible. three articles on this approach have described both the problems en­ countered and the benefits attained. in her 1990 article, margaret t. mooney noted that accurately matching the hold­ ings of her selective depository library at the university of california-riverside against gpo tape records was a serious concern.6 ultimately, it was decided to match the complete sudoc number of each and every title received against these records. mooney concluded that this proved to be an inexpensive and nearly perfect method of cataloging all federal depository titles received in her library. in a second article, myrtle smith bolner and barbara kile argued that the gpo/ marc tapes of gpo records are of such poor quality that they cannot be used for retrospective conversion.7 to make them usable, the authors established a consor­ tium of document librarians at universi­ ties in louisiana and texas to work with a commercial vendor to clean them up and make them available to interested depository libraries as the marchive tapes. bolner and kile concluded that there was a quantum leap in the use of federal depository titles in the libraries that used the tapes. the impact of downloading gpo ret­ rospective cataloging records into a library’s opac, especially on reference librarians, was reviewed by thomas kinney and gary cornwell in a related third article published in 1991.8 after out­ lining the problems encountered, they nevertheless argued that it is worthwhile because it results in a much-needed in­ crease in access to federal depository titles. unfortunately, the full retrospective cataloging approaches outlined in those three articles share two major drawbacks: • they would result in the inclusion of all document titles a library has re­ ceived. • it is costly to include all the cata­ loging for all the titles. it is questionable whether unselectively including the more ephemeral document titles in the public catalog is worthwhile. (this issue is addressed more fully in an­ 558 college & research libraries november 2000 other section of this article.) the cost of fully processing all document titles received for cataloging is obviously much higher, and possibly prohibitively so for many librar­ ies, than the cost of critically evaluating and selectively cataloging some gpo titles. some libraries have used more unor­ thodox approaches to access their deposi­ tory collections. in a 1991 article, douglas j. ernst and fred c. schmidt argued for the use of electronic technology.9 at colo­ rado state university libraries, they used rlin, carl, notis, and a number of cd-rom products, both indexing and abstracting services (e.g., agricola, eric, medline) and full-text databases (e.g., climatdata and hydrodata). ernst and schmidt concluded that these electronic databases helped them to im­ prove access to government documents and enabled reference librarians to use them more frequently to help library re­ searchers. however, this approach has two major drawbacks. with the exception of the full-text databases, there is no guar­ antee that a title found in an indexing or abstracting service is actually available in the library’s collection. it also should be noted that these electronic databases are not particularly user-friendly and most library users, and even some reference li­ brarians, would find them daunting to use. another unorthodox approach to ac­ cessing government publications was outlined by c. diann weatherly in an ar­ ticle published in 1996.10 her research li­ brary, the university of alabama at bir­ mingham, chose not to be a federal de­ pository library. rather, it maintains sub­ scriptions to several microfiche collec­ tions (e.g., american statistics index, con­ gressional index service, eric, all of which have their own indexes for easy retrievability) and other selected subscrip­ tions (e.g., congressional record, commerce business daily, and statistical abstract of the united states). weatherly asserted that this library is able to maintain a collection, primarily in microfiche, that is equivalent to roughly 80 percent of available deposi­ tory titles. thus, considerable savings in costs for staffing, shelving, binding, and collection analysis/weeding are realized. at the same time, she concluded that ser­ vice to the university community has been lauded. short of a careful perusal of the titles included, it is difficult to evalu­ ate the relative merits of the arguments presented in this rather unusual approach to documents collection development. relying primarily on microfiche to serve the research needs of library users (for both reference material and titles that normally would circulate for home use) seems unnecessary and might have po­ tentially unfavorable results. even with the advent of electronic dissemination of information via the web, one can still ap­ preciate the value of publications in print. most library researchers would share a preference for materials they can handle and readily browse. some would seek out alternate titles, available in a paper for­ mat, rather than work with titles avail­ able only in microfiche. only one article, written by ann kuntzman in 1995, focused specifically on selectively cataloging federal depository titles.11 adding documents to an opac is the best way to improve access to them. even when they are in a separate cd­ rom database, kuntzman argued, few take the extra step in their research to track them down. at the university of southern colorado library, where she is employed, the general collection was be­ coming outdated as a result of limited book budgets for several years. because cutbacks in the book budget would not affect a library’s participation as a federal depository, gpo titles often emerged as the only reliable source for up-to-date in­ formation on a subject. in describing her efforts to make fed­ eral documents accessible, kuntzman noted that with a professional staff of ten and a limited budget, her options were restricted. using a commercial vendor to produce a tape of document holdings was prohibitively expensive. in addition, there was considerable concern over the amount of staff time that would be nec­ essary to handle document problems. http:titles.11 bringing federal documents to the forefront for library users 559 some document titles on the tape might no longer be owned, were lost or never received, or are duplicates (one record for a paper and one for a fiche copy of a title). kuntzman also pointed out that, as the only professional librarian handling documents, her time had to be divided with her reference desk duties.12 the viable option that kuntzman chose for her library is selective cataloging. she identified criteria for choosing federal depository titles to be cataloged. they should have reference value, deal with subject matter of current research inter­ est, focus on colorado, have substantial information, be serials of general inter­ est, or serve as current directories of a field. documents not considered for cata­ loging included ephemeral or slight titles and pamphlets, those with outdated in­ formation, agency manuals with in-house information, and maps. the cataloging is done using bibliographic records already in the oclc cataloging system (prism service) and, where necessary, original cataloging is input. each cataloged title is bar coded and a red dot is placed on it. after one year of selectively catalog­ ing approximately 2,500 documents, kuntzman reported that the majority of all in-house document titles awaiting reshelving had the red dots and conser­ vatively estimated that at least 70 percent of the documents used were cataloged. she also reported that her reference col­ leagues were very successful in leading students and faculty to cataloged docu­ ments, many of which probably would have been overlooked if left uncataloged and inaccessible in the opac.13 kuntzman concluded that for federal de­ pository titles at the university of south­ ern colorado library, “selective catalog­ ing is proving itself valuable to our library on a daily basis. the results are immedi­ ate and satisfying; the costs in dollars and staff are minimal in relation to those re­ sults.”14 the remainder of this article discusses, in considerable detail, the evaluation pro­ cess developed by the documents refer­ ence librarian at adelphi university li­ brary for selectively cataloging gpo titles. in addition, the possible use of federal depository titles to enrich a library’s per­ manent research collection, strengthen it where it is weak, and fill in gaps where no other scholarly material is readily available to the library user are examined. adelphi as a federal depository library adelphi university is a private university located in garden city, a residential com­ munity in nassau county, new york. the university has an enrollment of more than 6,000 students, with undergraduate and graduate programs in the liberal arts and sciences, as well as professional schools in banking and business administration, education, nursing, psychological stud­ ies, and social work. adelphi university library has a collection of more than 450,000 books and bound periodicals. it has been a selective depository since 1966 and currently receives approximately 38 percent of the items available. the docu­ ments collection includes approximately 185,000 depository titles in two separate collections, one for paper and the other for microfiche, arranged by sudoc num­ ber. the documents reference librarian has been managing the depository collecon rare occasions, students and faculty would ask about new document titles they heard about through the mass media. even so, the documents collection remained underutilized. tion since 1982. as documents reference is a fully integrated component of refer­ ence, his primary responsibility is as a reference librarian. reference assistance in all areas of scholarly endeavor, with the exception of the fine and performing arts and the physical sciences, is provided at the main reference desk by four full-time and several part-time reference librarians. in 1982, adelphi switched from a card catalog to an opac using clsi. opac terminals are located throughout the li­ brary on which searches, using one term http:duties.12 560 college & research libraries november 2000 or boolean logic, can be conducted. one terminal is kept at the main reference desk. thus, the documents reference li­ brarian has had ample opportunity to use it. the card catalog was frozen in 1983 and subsequently discarded. a project of ret­ rospective conversion made all cataloged titles accessible through the opac (which is called alicat [adelphi library catalog]) within the next year. because the clsi version of alicat was not par­ ticularly user-friendly (in 1990, adelphi switched to the much more user-friendly innopac), the reference librarians had to work very closely with many of the faculty and students at the opac to help them find titles in the collection. selective cataloging at adelphi two of the major responsibilities of the documents reference librarian are to im­ prove access to the federal depository collection and to ensure that it reflects the needs of the adelphi community. with this in mind, the first major project un­ dertaken by the incumbent was a system­ atic review of the titles being received under the item numbers chosen as a se­ lective depository in 1982. the documents reference librarian was concerned that significant research titles in the docu­ ments collection were rarely used by stu­ dents and faculty. the need to make them more readily accessible was evident. an annotated bibliography of significant new titles, what’s new in documents, was pre­ pared and distributed annually with the hope of drawing attention to this collec­ tion. moreover, faculty members were contacted whenever the documents ref­ erence librarian came across a title that might be of interest to scholars in their discipline. on rare occasions, students and faculty would ask about new docu­ ment titles they heard about through the mass media. even so, the documents col­ lection remained underutilized. this was evidenced by the fact that, prior to 1982, the circulation figures for federal deposi­ tory titles, which have to be manually charged out for home use when they are not cataloged, were miniscule (i.e., so few that it was unnecessary to maintain sta­ tistics for them). in reviewing significant new docu­ ment titles, the documents reference li­ brarian often discovered that few, if any, recent titles were in the opac on the same subject. in such instances, by cataloging federal depository titles the library’s col­ lection could be strengthened where it was weak or gaps, where private sector publications either did not exist or had not been acquired by adelphi, could be filled. for popular research topics, even if the opac already had a large number of cataloged titles, adding depository titles could broaden the selection of avail­ able research titles in that area. for series that adelphi was receiving primarily in microfiche (e.g., congressional hearings and committee reports), if the title were worth cataloging, an additional copy could be purchased in paper, if available, and could be cataloged as well. the docu­ ments reference librarian was, after all, mindful of the preference of library re­ searchers to work with titles in a paper format. ultimately, it was determined that selectively cataloging federal depository titles was an innovation worth pursuing. at adelphi, innovacq is used to check in all federal documents received.15 library users can find listings for all titles received because a holdings record exists for all sudocs classifications for which titles are received. however, unless the title is catalogued individually, library users must search by the superintendent of documents classification series (e.g., ed 1.2, he 20.3165, and j28.2) and then review the check-in record to find out if the library has the title needed. by selec­ tively cataloging federal depository titles, they would be fully accessible by author, title, and subject. because of the nature of reference ser­ vices at adelphi, the documents reference librarian was interested in providing only selective access to federal depository titles in the library’s opac. working with stu­ dents, faculty, and other members of the adelphi community in all areas of schol­ arly endeavor, the emphasis in providing http:received.15 bringing federal documents to the forefront for library users 561 reference services is on scholarly research. more ephemeral titles could still be ac­ cessed through cd-rom indexing and abstracting services, especially the gpo on silverplatter, as well as increasingly through the internet in the past few years. in addition, two other types of publica­ tions are cataloged at adelphi. in consid­ eration of their reference value, the most recent editions of directories are cata­ loged. those periodical titles that are readily accessible in the indexing and abstracting services also are cataloged because of their research value. being able to draw the attention of library users to invaluable reference and research titles available in adelphi’s depository collec­ tion and making them readily accessible in the opac is the goal. the retrospective cataloging of all fed­ eral depository titles received at adelphi was never considered seriously. the cost, both financially and in terms of labor, seemed prohibitive for a collection of 185,000 titles. most of the titles are either too ephemeral or too esoteric or special­ ized to be of interest to most library re­ searchers. as has already been men­ tioned, these titles could still be accessed in the cd-rom indexes and abstracting services. another consideration is the ex­ perience of the documents reference li­ brarian who, as part of the normal weed­ ing procedure of a selective depository collection, was discarding more than 95 percent of the titles received after the five years that the library was legally man­ dated to keep them. if these titles were in the opac, they would have to be purged after five years. development of review criteria after it was decided to catalog only se­ lected titles, review criteria were devel­ oped. the major criterion is whether a title fills a gap in the collection or strengthens the collection in an area where it is weak (i.e., where the library has five or fewer titles published in the past five years in the opac on that subject). the documents reference librarian developed a procedure involving alicat searching to determine what titles to catalog. certain classes of documents (e.g., general publications and bibliographies and lists of publications) proved to be more promising and were designated for selective cataloging re­ view. this meant that all new titles re­ ceived in these series, with the exception of slight (i.e., containing fewer than twenty pages) titles or pamphlets, are routed to the documents reference librar­ ian for a cataloging decision. if a title re­ ceived in a series that is not normally re­ viewed for cataloging decisions (e.g., handbooks, manuals, guides, or maps) catches the eye of the documents clerical assistant, who checks them in innovacq, it is brought to the atten­ tion of the documents reference librarian. in addition, the first time a title is received under a new sudocs number, it is re­ viewed to determine whether it should be cataloged and whether all titles in this series should be reviewed. if a federal depository title seems sub­ stantial enough to warrant consideration, a search, using library of congress sub­ ject headings and/or keywords, is con­ ducted in alicat. usually, each search can be conducted in as little as one minute. but it may take as much as five minutes to review a more complex title and de­ velop an appropriate search strategy (e.g., using boolean logic to link two subjects). most searches are conducted when the documents reference librarian is sched­ uled to be working at the library’s main reference desk, whenever there are no li­ brary users at the desk requesting refer­ ence assistance. as a result, it is unneces­ sary to allot specific time to work solely on this project. over the course of the past ten years, as a result of budgetary restraints at adelphi, the library’s book acquisitions budget has been frozen, reduced, or cut off completely at different times. thus, as a result of applying these criteria, there are numerous instances where cataloged federal documents are very prominent among the most recent titles accessible in the library’s opac or the only ones avail­ able. for example, all cataloged holdings 562 college & research libraries november 2000 published after 1990 on the following sub­ jects are depository titles: • cardiovascular system—dis­ eases—prevention; • community policing; • drug abuse—united states—statis­ tics; • electronic surveillance; • methadone maintenance; • prisoners—united states—statis­ tics; • shock incarceration; • youth—united states—drug use. in these and other subject areas, fed­ eral depository titles are filling in a gap where the book collection is weak and have emerged as the most reliable source of comprehensive and up-to-date infor­ mation. occasionally, a federal depository title covers two diverse subjects in a way that no other cataloged title in adelphi’s col­ lection does. for these titles a boolean search is conducted using both subjects. for example, there are documents evalu­ ating drug abuse treatment programs for prison inmates. a subject search for “pris­ oners” is done, and the results are lim­ ited by inputting a second subject, “drug abuse—treatment.” as a result, the li­ brary now has three cataloged titles link­ ing both of these subjects in the opac, all of which are federal depository titles. another example is that of document titles covering crime prevention in pub­ lic housing projects. a subject search for “public housing” is limited with a sec­ ond subject, “crime prevention.” for these two linked subjects, as well, the only “hits” in the opac are federal documents. keyword searching can be very help­ ful when there is uncertainty about the appropriate library of congress (lc) sub­ ject heading or if there is none covering a specific title. a keyword search also can lead to other titles with the subject head­ ing needed. for example, a search under the keyword “glass ceiling” (which is not a lc subject heading) leads to titles with appropriate lc subject headings, includ­ ing “sex discrimination in employment” and “women—employment.” a boolean search limited to both these subjects then would reveal if any cataloged titles link­ ing these two subjects are in the opac. keyword searching may thus help iden­ tify federal depository titles worthy of cataloging, either because they fill a gap in the collection or strengthen it where it is weak in the opac. in some cases, a title may be cataloged even if five or more titles on the same subject already have been cataloged in the past five years. this practice is followed for very popular subjects (e.g., education, bilingual, gun control, or smoking) or if the new document title is very compre­ hensive (e.g., a multivolume evaluation of programs to combat poverty). a title being considered for cataloging should reflect and support the needs of the library users. for this reason, if the documents reference librarian feels that a title is too exotic or esoteric for the adelphi community (e.g., a collection of essays on opioid peptides or a review of renewable resources on u.s.affiliated tropical islands), it is not cataloged. there is no need to catalog depository titles that a library’s clientele are unlikely to use. thus, engineering titles are unlikely to be cataloged because adelphi does not have an engineering program. in instances where the documents reference librarian is unfamiliar with a subject area and does not feel capable of making a fair evalua­ tion, the title is referred to the library spe­ cialist for that subject. even if an important title “slips through the cracks” and is not cataloged, library users still have access to it through the gpo on silverplatter, one of the cd­ rom databases available at adelphi. us­ ing the superintendent of documents se­ ries number, users can check alicat to find out whether the library receives titles in this series. the holdings record will show if the title has been received. how­ ever, there are drawbacks to relying too heavily on this electronic database to track down materials for library users. gpo on silverplatter is not a catalog of the library’s holdings. the title found might be part of a series not chosen by a selective de­ bringing federal documents to the forefront for library users 563 pository. the titles in this database may be as old as 1976, and the holdings of most selective depositories go back about five years for most series. waiting a few weeks to obtain the title via interlibrary loan may not be feasible for some library users. moreover, for most subjects the older a title is, the less useful its material. in reviewing “old-timers” (i.e., federal depository titles received more than five years ago) for weeding and discarding decisions, the documents reference librar­ ian can be even more selective in choos­ ing titles for cataloging. potential discards include those titles in a reviewed series that the documents reference librarian decided not to catalog when they were new. in addition, most of the old-timers are from series that would not normally be reviewed for cataloging decisions when they came in. in either case, the documents reference librarian now has an opportunity to review these titles (assum­ ing they are not outdated) for cataloging consideration. however, the main library at adelphi is so crowded that there is no room for any substantial increase in the size of the collection. off-campus storage seemed impractical because library users would have to wait several days for the material to be retrieved. thus, the same basic criteria for re­ viewing new titles are used for those that are more than five years old when the lat­ ter are reviewed for discarding-versus­ cataloging decisions. to determine whether potentially interesting titles are worth cataloging, subject and keyword searches are conducted in alicat. for example, if a potentially valuable title was received in 1993, it is important to find out whether the library has five or more additional titles on the same subject, pub­ lished either in that year or more recently. for this project to be successful, the cooperation of catalogers, who are re­ sponsible for providing full access in the opac, and their staff, who must label and process the cataloged titles, was neces­ sary. the documents reference librarian at adelphi was fortunate to receive this cooperation. in most instances, the cata­ logers are able to use bibliographic records already in the oclc database. thus, these titles are made fully accessible in alicat. at the outset, it was decided to leave the titles classified by the sudocs number in the documents collection in order to draw the attention of library us­ ers to the wealth of information available there. most government documents, in­ cluding those selected for cataloging, cir­ culate for home use. uncataloged docu­ ment titles returning from circulation are likely candidates for cataloging consid­ eration. after a document title has been cataloged, it is zebra-labeled (to expedite borrowing for home use) and stamped (so that it is not inadvertently discarded as part of the normal weeding of the docu­ ments collection) as follows: adelphi university library documents collection cataloged—do not discard after a federal depository title is fully cataloged, it is likely to remain a part of the library’s permanent collection, with few exceptions, the same way that pri­ vately published books are. positive impact of selectively cataloging document titles although no systematic study has been undertaken to confirm the positive impact of selectively cataloging federal deposi­ tory titles at adelphi, it is obvious at the reference desk. however, it can be re­ ported that circulation records in alicat for more than a thousand cataloged gpo titles have been charged out at least once, and as many as twenty-nine times, as of november 1999. working with students and faculty, the reference librarians fre­ quently are finding document titles in the opac to answer a difficult reference query. occasionally, the only recent titles found are cataloged federal depository ones. in retrieving some of these titles in the document stacks, it is not uncommon for library users to find additional titles of value shelved nearby. after reviewing 564 college & research libraries november 2000 the document titles found, students and faculty often express amazement that the federal government publishes such com­ prehensive works on a subject. it is espe­ cially gratifying when library users report finding material in an area where they would have never thought to look—the federal depository collection. for all of these reasons, selective cata­ loging of federal documents has had a positive impact at adelphi. the use of an opac, in which subject and keyword searching can be done, has been instru­ mental in filling gaps in the library’s per­ manent research collection and strength­ ening it where it was weak. one of the most important purposes of the federal depository program is making informa­ tion more readily available to the public. cataloging significant depository titles makes them more readily accessible to the library user and more valuable library assets. therefore, selectively cataloging federal document titles using an opac can be strongly recommended to all de­ pository libraries. notes 1. marilyn k. moody, “source of first resort,” library journal 117 (may 15, 1992): 36. 2. mary redmond, “from backwater to mainstream: government documents in the online catalog,” booklist 47 (spring 1989): 161–65. also available as part of an eric document (ed 326 239). 3. stanley p. hodge, diane calvin, and galen e. rike, “formulating an integrated library government documents collection policy,” government information quarterly 6 (may 1989): 199. this article includes an appendix for matching federal agencies and subject areas on pages 204– 12. 4. naomi v. kerze, “separate vs. integrated: the disappearing debate over the organiza­ tion of united states government publications in depository libraries,” government publications review 16 (sept. 1989): 439–45. 5. liz c. alexander, “issues in government information and technology,” illinois libraries 76 (summer 1994): 161. 6. margaret t. mooney, “matching library holdings against gpo tapes: issues, concerns, and solutions,” government publications review 17 (sept. 1990): 421–28. 7. myrtle smith bolner and barbara kile, “documents to the people—access through the automated catalog,” government publications review 18 (jan./feb. 1991): 51–63. 8. thomas kinney and gary cornwell, “gpo cataloging records in the online catalog: implications for the reference librarian,” reference librarian 32 (1991): 259–75. 9. douglas j. ernst and fred c. schmidt, “computerized access to government publica­ tions at colorado state university libraries,” reference librarian 32 (1991): 277–88. 10. c. diann weatherly, “a u.s. government publications collection in a non-depository research library: a case study,” journal of government information 23 (july/aug. 1996): 471–89. 11. ann kuntzman, “selective cataloging of federal documents: a good way to increase access,” college & undergraduate libraries 2 (1995): 111–19. 12. ibid., 112–13. 13. ibid., 113–18. 14. ibid., 119. 15. based on adelphi’s experience with innovacq and federal depository titles, a manual was prepared and subsequently published as an eric document: victor t. oliva and michael k. reiner, using innovacq to process g.p.o. titles, ed 316 195, 1989. acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 5 6 2 / c&rl news development. “t he survey provides evidence o f an intelligent, professionally com m itted group o f m em bers,” com m ented susan stussy, director of libraries at st. n orbert college and a m em ber of acrl’s m em bership c om m ittee, which directed staff to work on the quintennial survey. betsy hine, monograph cataloger at indiana state university, who also serves on the m em ber­ ship c om m ittee, noted “it seems to me that what acrl does now ranks quite high . . . the m em ber­ ship seems fairly happy with what acrl is doing.., response(s) reflect a very pragmatically oriented group.” as acrl carries on its regular planning process and as individual com m ittees plan activities over the next years, this survey will provide a helpful guide to m em bers’ opinions. ■ ■ curriculum materials in online catalogs developed by the ebss curriculum materials in the online catalog ad hoc subcommittee* rolland h. mcgiverin, chair standardized cataloging fo r curriculum centers. this paper is to assist curriculum librarians, systems personnel, and catalogers who have responsibility for preparing curriculum m ate­ rials for inclusion in online catalogs in academic libraries. curriculum materials in this docum ent are defined as materials traditionally found in cu r­ riculum centers, e.g., curriculum guides, elem en­ tary and secondary textbooks, instructional media, and juvenile literature. this docum ent will give an overview o f the history o f cataloging curriculum materials and identify cataloging issues which are unique to curriculum materials to facilitate the inclusion o f these materials in online catalogs. historical background in the early decades o f this century, curriculum laboratories or centers were developed at various colleges of education to study, improve, revise, and produce elem entary and secondary school curric­ ula. as th eir products and programs becam e im* e ditor’s note: this is a jo in t subcommittee o f the e b ss problems o f access and control o f education materials committee and the e b ss curriculum materials committee. its members are as follows: rolland h. mcgiverin (chair), indiana state uni­ versity; joan berman, h um boldt state university; doris brookshier, central missouri state univer­ sity; lawrence marble, temple university; vir­ ginia nordstrom, queens college; and ilene rock man (chair o f the e b ss problems o f access and c urriculum m aterials com mittees), california polytechnic state university. the authors extended their appreciation to allison kaplan, university o f delaware, and kathleen mcgowan, university o f rochester, f o r their assistance in the preparation o f this document. june 1990 / 563 portant com ponents in teacher training programs, the role of these laboratories and centers evolved to include the acquisition, organization, and manage­ ment of teaching materials. nevertheless, the ori­ gin of these centers provides some perspective on the individuality, idiosyncratic organizational style and procedural diversification of many curriculum centers. by the late 1960s, institutional responsibil­ ity for these curriculum centers had often moved from the colleges, schools, and departm ents of education to the academic library. with this shift in sponsorship, service em phases veered away from the creation and developm ent of curricula to the issues of collection development; the functions of acquisitions, cataloging, management, and circula­ tion; and instruction in collection use.1 however, even in this setting, the technologi­ cally efficient m ethods of contem porary academic libraries usually bypassed curriculum collections. like many specialized materials, curriculum m ate­ rials have not received an equal measure o f atten­ tion in the developm ent of national cataloging and classification standards. various factors may ac­ count for this: 1) the physical separation o f the center from the main library; 2) the omission of the center’s purpose from the mission statem ent of the library; 3) differences in orientation and philoso­ phy betw een the cen ter and the library; 4) the center’s lack o f access to bibliographic tools and equipment; 5) the perception that the materials are ephemeral; 6) the library’s lack o f understanding of the special nature o f curriculum materials; 7) con­ fusion over the definition of curriculum materials; and 8) the low priority given to cataloging “special materials” due to the lack of cataloging staff. the absence of national standards for the cataloging of curriculum m aterials2 has fostered th e develop­ ment o f num erous local systems which has further isolated curriculum materials from the main flow of bibliographic access in the academic library. online catalogs and bibliographic utilities as a result of th e introduction o f online public access catalogs (opacs), cataloging practices for ’for an excellent review o f the history of curricu­ lum materials centers, see alice s. clark, managing curriculum materials in the academic library (m etuchen, n.j.: scarecrow press, 1982). 2the cataloging standards issue has been raised by the rtsd/ccs cataloging o f c hildren’s m ate­ rials c om m ittee, “guidelines for standardized cataloging o f c hildren’s m aterials,” top o f the news, fall 1983, pp. 49-55. f or this com m ittee’s most recent efforts, see cataloging correctly f o r kids: a n intro d u ctio n to the tools (chicago: american library association, 1989). curriculum materials have em erged as a particu­ larly salient area of concern for the curriculum librarian. the failure to include these materials in opacs leads to user frustration, underutilization o f materials, and the perpetuation o f labor inten­ sive and expensive practices for the selection, cata­ loging, and circulation of curriculum materials.3 however, the lack of standardized m ethods for the cataloging and classification of curriculum m ateri­ als often results in the exclusion of these materials from opacs. a recent study analyzing representa­ tion o f these materials in the oclc database con­ cludes that there has been an appreciable increase in the last decade in the availability of usable rec­ ords for curriculum materials.4 the marc record the following marc fields are im portant to consider when preparing for the inclusion of cu r­ riculum materials in opacs or bibliographic utili­ ties. if the cataloging is com pleted outside of the curriculum center, early consultation with the cu r­ riculum librarian will be necessary. 050,082,090,092,099 (call number fields) although both the dewey (d d c) and library of congress (lc) classification systems have been used for classifying curriculum materials, the lack o f guidance for cataloging curriculum materials has encouraged many centers to either modify d d c or lc or to create th eir own classification systems. some centers even use different schemes for dif­ fe re n t types o f m aterials. n evertheless, such unique classification systems can be accommo­ dated by using the 099 field. it should be noted that dewey call num bers are incom plete in the 082/092 fields of the marc record and must be com pleted by the library using the record. if the 099 field is routinely used for curriculum materials, attention must be given to the sequence o f the call num ber fields selected for processing tapes for an online catalog. lxx (main entry) and 245 (title) t here are no unusual problem s in these fields regarding description. curriculum librarians gen­ erally p refer to catalog textbook sets as sets rather 3carole f. wilson, mary m. finley, and alice s. clark, “cataloging practices and resource sharing o f curriculum collections in academic libraries,” journal o f library adm inistration 6 (w inter 1985/ 86): 81-88. 4jack kranz, “cataloging of curriculum m ateri­ als on oclc: a perspective,” cataloging & classi­ fication quarterly 8, no.2 (1988): 15-28. 5 6 4 / c&rl news than as individual titles. care should be taken to differentiate sets from series. 250 (edit’on statement) textbook sets typically include both student and teacher editions of the main text and workbooks. some centers acquire the com plete set, whereas other centers may acquire only the teacher edition. t here is a philosophical question as to w hether a teacher edition constitutes a tru e edition statem ent or is a vital p art o f a set. local practice will dictate w hether the teacher edition is noted here or in the 300 field. 300 (collation) this field is w here all the various parts o f a set will be recorded, usually using subfield “e ”. 4xx/8xx (series information) series is an essential access point for curriculum materials and m ust be traced. attention, authors! college & research libraries news wel­ comes manuscripts subm itted on diskette or via alanet. the c& rl news alanet num ber is ala0306. if you can upload it, i can down­ load it, because alanet translates text into pure ascii files. if you don’t have alanet or you prefer to send a diskette, make sure it is form atted for ms-dos; either 5.25-inch or 3.5-inch diskettes can be accepted. w e u s e xywrite iii + for word processing, but we translate files from other major programs. w hen subm itting a diskette with a file created by another word processing program, it is best to also include an ascii text file. always send a p ap er copy of your m anuscript along with the diskette, just in case we cannot read your file. if you can n either send a diskette nor trans­ mit via alanet, subm it th ree p ap er copies in a standard typeface such as c ourier or pica. please avoid sending proportional or oversize typefaces. do not fax articles unless you are requested to. q ueries are not required. if you need clarifi­ cation on the appropriateness o f your topic, please call rather than write. submit all materials to george m. e berhart, editor, c& rl news, acrl/ala, 50 e. h uron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 280-2511.— gme. 5xx (notes fields) notes give useful descriptive information that cannot be accom m odated in the rest of the biblio­ graphic description. m ultiple as well as lengthy notes are ordinarily used for curriculum materials and care m ust be given in deciding which fields will be used routinely. typical notes include plot sum ­ mary (especially for children’s literature), titles of parts of sets (contents note), intended audience (grade level), reading level, and state adoption. the online catalog selected m ust be able to accept not only multiple notes b u t lengthy ones as well. al­ though the order o f notes is prescribed by aacr2, order o f display of notes fields in an online system is of particular concern for curriculum centers. if the contents note cannot be indexed in the online catalog th en the titles o f parts of sets should be given title added entries (7xx). 6xx (subject added entries) f requently the curriculum materials collection is governed by a different subject authority than the library’s main collection, e.g., the curriculum col­ lection may use sears, library of congress chil­ d re n ’s subject headings, or nonstandard headings while the main collection uses library of congress subject headings (lcsh). o f major concern in im plem enting an online system will be how the vendor of choice accepts and maintains multiple subject heading authorities and w hether patron searching can be lim ited by collection. this will inevitably be an area w here careful decisions will need to be made. 7xx (author and title added entries) access by publisher and corporate author is essential for patrons of curriculum collections. it is also im portant to provide access to the titles of parts of sets listed in a 5xx contents note. recommendations 1. curriculum materials should be accessible in opacs either in a separate catalog or as part of a union catalog. 2. bibliographic records should be placed on a bibliographic utility. w hen appropriate, the main entry should be for the set, and should contain information for the parts o f that set, the grade and reading levels, and the d d c or lc call num ber. 3. curriculum librarians should consider the adoption o f standardized classification and subject heading systems. 4. curriculum librarians should be actively in­ volved in issues and decisions relating to the p rep a­ ration and inclusion of curriculum materials in opacs. june 1 9 9 0 /5 6 5 conclusion the growth of opacs highlights the need for standardized curriculum cataloging procedures. the cost effectiveness o f placing curriculum m ate­ rials in opacs is closely associated with the availa­ bility and quality of records in the bibliographic utilities. the rising rate of m em ber-input records in oclc indicates the increasing com m itm ent of curriculum centers to shared cataloging and rein­ forces the need for standardizing curriculum cata­ loging procedures. t he ease o f transferring records from biblio­ graphic utilities to opacs provides further motiva­ tion for the establishm ent of such standardization. c ooperative sharing o f b ibliographic records through national utilities provides the opportunity to enhance access to curriculum materials collec­ tions. ■ ■ special collections in the southeast by james b. lloyd special collections librarian university o f tennessee, knoxville and william b. eigelsbach senior library assistant university o f tennessee, knoxville a special report on special collections. this survey of mid-sized academic libraries in the southeast came about in response to a specific administrative need—the perhaps uni­ versal desire for more staff. o ne way to prove our need was to prove that we had fewer people p e r­ forming the same functions than other repositories of comparable size. since it did not seem appropri­ ate to ask colleagues to fill out another survey to meet such an im m ediate and personal need, we surveyed by phone. and we limited ourselves to mid-sized academic libraries in the southeast, since that is our environm ent, purposely om itting places like the university of virginia because they are so much larger, and going no farther west than arkan­ sas. as might be expected, we had some difficulty in interpreting our statistics, and sometimes were forced to call back for clarification. t here seem to have been several reasons for this. f o r one thing the faculty, paraprofessional, clerical staffing struc­ tu re which we use here does not exactly match classifications used elsewhere. f o r another, the fig­ ures themselves may be deceiving. staff may be dedicated to non-visible functions, i.e., functions which we did not survey, such as microfilming or staffing an isolated public service point. t he size of a repository sometimes proved difficult to com ­ pare, since conversion formulas betw een items and feet differed so widely that we were forced to make some adjustm ents on our own. and sometimes even the volume count for rare books may be unreliable. in our case, we have a second collection o f some 100,000 volumes which, though not rare books is part o f special collections. if we had chosen to count these volumes, we would have appeared much larger than we really are. zhang.p65 planning an authority control project at a medium-sized university library 395 planning an authority control project at a medium-sized university library sha li zhang authority control is a vital part of providing students and faculty with adequate access to collections in university libraries. although many large research libraries routinely maintain authority control, small and medium-sized university libraries find it challenging to meet rising user expectations and provide adequate access in an online environment through appropriate authority work. the smaller libraries have to pro­ vide persuasive data to demonstrate to their library administrations that tight staffing situations make it difficult to perform in-house maintenance on authority work and keep up with the dynamic and constant changes of new headings for bibliographic records. this article offers a planning process on an authority control project at a medium-sized university library. uthority control is a method that libraries must use to main­ tain consistency in their cata­ logs. as robin k. wendler stated: “provision of consistent headings, together with a reference structure, allows searchers to isolate the particular author they are interested in and ensures that they find all available works by that author.”1 henriette d. avram wrote that authority control consists of the following elements: • distinguishing names: intellectual for­ mulation of the correct form of name fol­ lowing precedent and /or standard rules; • showing relationships: intellectual formulation of related names (variant forms, earlier or later names, parent bod­ ies, etc.); • documenting decisions: documenta­ tion of this information via creation of an authority record (thereby assisting sub­ sequent users of the same heading in de­ termining relationship and identifying headings on bibliographic records).2 in an online cataloging environment, authority control plays a more important role than ever before in enhancing user access to university library collections. through adequate authority work, consis­ tent headings with a cross-reference struc­ ture enable users to locate needed library materials effectively in online catalogs. background avram pointed out that authority con­ trol is required as much as ever in online sha li zhang is an associate professor and head of the technical services division in the wichita state university libraries; e-mail: shali.zhang@wichita.edu. the author wishes to thank the office of research administration at wichita state university, which granted a university research/creativity projects award to this project in december 1999. the author also wants to express sincere thanks to all cataloging staff at wichita state university libraries for participating in this project. 395 mailto:shali.zhang@wichita.edu 396 college & research libraries september 2001 catalogs.3 users and librarians rely on the intellectual work of catalogers to distin­ guish items, works and versions, and headings. although users are greatly as­ sisted by the collocation of materials, catalogers themselves, as well as acqui­ sitions and interlibrary loans staff, ben­ efit from authority control. the growing importance of authority control in academic libraries is evidenced by the considerable amount of attention given the topic in library literature in the past decades. larry auld’s 1982 review of eighty-year-old authority control lit­ erature from circa 1900 to 1984 included forty-six references and a list of seven additional bibliographic readings. the scope of his literature review was lim­ ited to publications in the united states and canada.4 in the same year, in a semi­ nar paper on the topic presented to the graduate school of library and informa­ tion science at ucla, barbara tillett in­ cluded 411 works. except for thirteen, all of the works in tillett’s citations were published after the 1960s.5 in arlene g. taylor ’s 1989 literature review concen­ trating on the philosophical aspects of authority control published in the 1980s, sixty-one works were cited, excluding those cited by auld and tillett.6 the author ’s recent search on the librarylit database, a subset of oclc’s firstsearch, revealed more than 450 entries that con­ tain the phrase “authority control” pub­ lished in library literature from 1984 to the present.7 maintaining adequate authority work in university libraries is costly and laborintensive. in large research libraries, the cost of maintaining authority control has been a part of routine expenditures on cataloging and database maintenance, although the levels of authority control vary from library to library. in 1979, au­ thority control cost arl libraries ap­ proximately $5 million.8 although maintaining authority con­ trol has been a routine activity in many large research libraries, being able to meet rising user expectations and provide ad­ equate access in an online environment through appropriate authority work has been a challenge for small and mediumsized university libraries. in her 1992 ar­ ticle, joan m. bechtel stated that “in an undergraduate academic library the most persuasive and responsible argument for providing authority control is that re­ trieval and use of information are signifi­ cantly enhanced. if the organization of materials is improved, that is, if the work of the catalog librarians is also enhanced by authority control, that is a bonus. aca­ demic librarians, however, must not lose sight of the fact that their raison d’être is service to students and faculty, not their own comfort.9 elaine peterson and bonnie johnson estimated that it would cost $12,000 annually at the montana state university library to keep the authority file current. with this amount of funding, three hundred new titles would be pur­ chased. however, peterson and johnson were convinced that “if given the choice to buy 300 new titles which would be dif­ ficult to find or separated from other like materials in the catalog, or to bring all materials together into one place for the user by spending the money on author­ ity updating, the choice is clear. once in an automated library, no patron is likely to leave the online catalog screen and use such tools as the lcsh red books (library of congress subject headings), even if the catalog is known to be deficient. author­ ity maintenance is a must if patrons are to receive all information they need in one place.”10 the cost and staffing vary in maintain­ ing authority work, depending on the size of the library’s bibliographic records and the level of authority work it wishes to perform. it proves overwhelmingly that, with tight staffing situations, purely in-house maintenance work on author­ ity control is no longer able to keep up with the dynamic and constant changes of new headings for bibliographic records in small and medium-sized uni­ versity libraries. as kerrie talmac pointed out, “although local systems may be able to make some global changes, staffing cutbacks and the attrac­ planning an authority control project at a medium-sized university library 397 tiveness of external agency services have led an increase in the number of librar­ ies looking beyond their own resources to obtain the required level of catalog­ ing integrity.”11 at the university of day­ ton library, another medium-sized uni­ versity library, susan l. tsui and carol f. hinders concluded that using a ven­ dor service for authority control “contrib­ utes to a library’s cataloging efficiency and helps improve the search capability and potential results for its users.”12 wsu library cataloging environment wichita state university (wsu) is one of three research institutions in the state of kansas. the university also assumes the role of serving the educational needs in the metropolitan area of greater wichita. the university community includes about 15,000 students and 1,700 faculty and staff members. wsu libraries cur­ rently holds more than 1.2 million vol­ umes of materials, with more than two million acquisitions budgeted for annu­ ally. although the university offers ten doctoral programs and forty-five master ’s programs, most students who come to wsu enroll in a hundred and fifty undergraduate programs whose needs for research materials consist of both serial and monographic formats and both print and digital media. wsu libraries automated its catalog­ ing system to notis online catalog in 1985. though the library’s users had ac­ cess to other libraries’ online catalogs through union catalogs, they depended heavily on access provided by the library’s online catalog, named luis (li­ brary user information service), to the library collections. each year, about 25,000 new titles are added to the library collections. as in the case of many small and medium-sized university libraries, the limited funding and tight cataloging staff prevented the library from fully implementing authority control at that time. authority work remained in a very limited scope at the library. authority records were created locally or exported from the oclc authority files into the local catalog system only for music records, media records, and serial records. by november 1999, prior to the library’s system migration there were about 65,000 authority records in its notis cataloging system cumulated since 1985. that was a very small frac­ tion, comparing more than one million bibliographic records in the cataloging system. furthermore, these authority records had not been updated since the dates they were created or exported into the local catalog. therefore, the changes in new, revised, and obsolete headings were not reflected in the local authority record file. the updated bibliographic records from the vendor were linked to more than 650,000 authority records in the new catalog system. in 1998, the library started importing bibliographic records in batch loads from a book vendor for both firm orders and approval books. this procedure repre­ sents 85 percent of new bibliographic records imported into the local catalog­ ing system on a monthly basis. the re­ maining bibliographic records came from oclc’s worldcat. the bibliographic records that are batch-loaded from the book vendor include full marc records created by the library of congress (lc), cip records, upgraded cip records, and provisional records created by the vendor ’s cataloging staff. these biblio­ graphic records were entered into the library’s local system as they were, and no authority reviews were performed at that point. about 25,000 bibliographic records for new titles have come from this source annually. the bibliographic records imported from oclc’s worldcat were reviewed for valid head­ ings on a one-by-one basis, including music, media, and serial records. the headings for records created by the gov­ ernment printing office and exported from oclc’s worldcat also are re­ viewed because the library has been cata­ 398 college & research libraries september 2001 loging all incoming government docu­ ment materials since 1994. the library has been receiving 62 percent of govern­ ment documents issued by federal agen­ cies since it became a federal deposit li­ brary in 1901. in the past decade, the li­ brary was able to maintain the stable ac­ quisitions of monographs that supported large undergraduate programs at wsu. with gift materials, almost fifty thousand new titles were added to the library’s online catalog in 1999 and 2000. without adequate authority work, it was difficult to search and retrieve these valuable new collections. in november 1999, prior to the library’s system migration from notis to endeavor ’s voyager online cataloging system, with one-time funding allocated by the library administration, the library contracted an authority control vendor to review and update all personal name, corporate name, series, conference name, uniform title, subject, and name/title headings for nearly one million biblio­ graphic records. during the review pro­ cess, obsolete and incorrect headings were replaced with valid and correct ones. the updated bibliographic records from the vendor were linked to more than 650,000 authority records in the new catalog system. this project enabled the library’s new cataloging system to be cleaner and more consistent than before. students and faculty were pleased with the outcome brought forth by the project when they started using the new cata­ loging system in january 2000. planning the project when the library’s new cataloging sys­ tem was in full operation in january 2000, the cataloging staff began using an au­ thority validation tool of the cataloging system to review newly imported biblio­ graphic records against the existing au­ thority records in the database in the hope that all bibliographic records in the cata­ log would be kept up with heading changes. it was assumed that the head­ ings of newly added titles were reviewed and updated upon cataloging with the validation tool. if the headings for a bib­ liographic record were invalid according to this validation tool, the cataloging staff would search the oclc authority file and export appropriate authority records into the local online system to validate the headings of the bibliographic records. when an oclc search failed to locate an appropriate authority record, local au­ thority records were created only for music, media, and serial records. no lo­ cal authority records were created for monographic titles that represented a large portion of newly acquired materi­ als. at the same time, the cataloging staff became more concerned with keeping up with the existing authority records in the library’s authority file. the lc issues 7,600 name authority records and 400 subject authority records every week.13 though in many cases these headings may not affect the library’s bibliographic records because of the collection levels of the library materials, there is no auto­ matic method to identify a subset of these new authority records that do relate to headings in the library’s catalog. one cataloging staff member spent an entire week checking a weekly list of new head­ ings issued by the lc against the author­ ity records in the library’s local system. when an invalid heading was identified, the cataloging staff member would ex­ port an appropriate authority record from the oclc authority file and glo­ bally update all the invalid headings of bibliographic records in the local system. it was a very time-consuming process. without ongoing authority work, library users would have a difficult time locat­ ing new titles. therefore, the ongoing authority maintenance was brought to the discussion in the library’s technical services division. this means that addi­ tional annual funding has to be allocated to have a vendor provide the service, as well as to pay for in-house staff time to maintain adequate authority work. during the discussion, the library ad­ ministration supported this ongoing commitment. the technical services di­ � �l � . 0: " : l .. . r ' < : £ 0. " � 0: 0 0" planning an authority control project at a medium-sized university library 399 _ q i q i i z §( i q i i i i i 00 �( "9 8b � ; § 8'j ; t � " ,0 ori . ; t � �9" �( " . � ; § 8'j " , 0or i z §( r00 �9" �( " . � '"" (!. 8( . � '"" (!. 8( " 0o0 i "9 8) �( .. ;'" ,; 6 " 0 o0i .. ;'" ,; 6 ee :( ""0 :e" ( " . i [1( [ 1 (v [:' " § v '1 ' 0 § §" [:' 0' § � i '( ' .(j '. ". .§.j ' '. '. § "e 8b �( . § § " r ;( \o0 �( ". §) (" . i ;"b (. � � �.. (" r. .(v � r. .(v . i ;"b )1 � � �.. (" r. .(v � r '." (v u ( ( g { �( .(; ( g { u0 �: r( §{ u0 8 . 8g( uu0 v( vision would have to ensure the proce­ dures that would merit the investment. the cataloging staff also looked into the following initiatives that would support the ongoing project: 1. the presence of technology: the li­ brary migrated to a new online catalog­ ing system in november 1999 that was client–server based. this new system of­ fers an authority validation tool, in ad­ dition to other modules such as acquisi­ tions, cataloging, circulation, and opac. table 1 displays the tool. the authority validation tool informs the cataloging staff about invalid head­ ings, first-time-use headings that need to be verified, and obsolete headings that need to be updated when new titles are cataloged. this new feature has substan­ tially reduced the amount of time the cataloging staff has to spend manually on authority control functions. the new online cataloging system offers an excel­ lent opportunity to incorporate author­ ity control into the library’s routine flow of cataloging work. 2. the presence of the large number of authority records: when the library con­ tracted an authority control vendor to re­ view and update headings for all biblio­ graphic records in november 1999, the vendor also provided the library with 650,000 authority records. this procedure brought the library’s online cataloging to the most updated level. it was a bench­ mark for the library’s cataloging system. the cataloging staff in technical services division wanted to grasp this excellent opportunity to maintain ongoing author­ ity control. 3. redesigning staff structure: in sep­ tember 1999, the technical services divi­ sion redivided the existing cataloging workload, which comprised materials cataloging for commercially purchased materials, for incoming government documents, and for music and media ma­ terials. after redesigning the staff struc­ ture, three major cataloging tracks were created: monographs cataloging, serials cataloging, and music and media cata­ loging. three catalog librarians were as­ 400 college & research libraries september 2001 signed to each cataloging unit as resource persons. they provide procedural guide­ lines, make recommendations, and assist the cataloging staff in authority work. 4. application for the naco music project (nmp): in 2000, an application for the nmp submitted by the music and media cataloger was accepted and ap­ proved. through this funnel, the cata­ loger started training through an inde­ pendent and experienced nmp partici­ pant. the authority records for music materials created by this cataloger were then reviewed by the trainer. subse­ quently, the revised versions of these records are contributed to the national authority file. this catalog librarian also serves as a resource person on the au­ thority control project. outcomes of the project during the planning process, three types of records were examined: the number of monthly exported authority records, the sample of unauthorized headings, and the number of monthly batch-loaded biblio­ graphic records from a book vendor. number of monthly exported authority records in march 2000, when the cataloging staff became familiar with the new online cataloging system and when the catalog­ ing work flow also became more stable after the system migration, the catalog­ ing staff was asked to keep as accurate a daily record as possible of the number of authority records that were searched from the oclc authority file and the number of authority of records that were actually found and exported into the library’s local cataloging system. upon cataloging each new title, the cataloging staff reviewed each bibliographic record for such headings as name, title, subject, name/title, uniform titles, and series by using the authority validation tool of the cataloging system. if the heading was in­ valid, the cataloging staff would go to the oclc authority file to search and ex­ port corresponding authority records for the headings. if no authority record was available, a local authority record was created for a serial record, a music record, and a media record. no local authority record was created for monographic copy cataloging materials. the recordkeeping part was very time-consuming. the cataloging staff felt much relieved when it was over at the end of the month. according to the daily record-keeping, the name heading consists of a large part of authority records that the cataloging staff exported from the oclc authority file during the month. in this category, 845 authority records were exported into the library’s local online cataloging sys­ tem. nineteen local authority records for name headings were created. the next large category is the subject heading. the cataloging staff exported ninety-three subject authority records. for series records, seventy-six authority records were exported to the local cataloging sys­ tem. four local series authority records were created. the category of name/title headings was a relatively small group. only twenty-eight authority records were exported to the local database. nine name/title authority records were cre­ ated. in summary, in march 2000, the cata­ loging staff exported a total of 1,049 autable 2 summary of the authority record activity in march 2000 sources of name subject name/ title authority records headings headings series title headings headings exported from oclc 845 93 76 28 7 locally created 19 0 4 9 7 total 864 93 80 37 14 planning an authority control project at a medium-sized university library 401 table 3 descriptive summary of authority records in 2000 (12 months) min. max. sum mean std. deviation authority records 320 1,049 7,721 643 216 valid n = 12 thority records from the oclc author­ ity file to the local online cataloging sys­ tem. the total number of locally created authority records was thirty-nine. table 2 summarizes activity. in table 3, the number of authority records (1,049) that the cataloging staff exported from the oclc authority file and locally created in march 2000 was much higher than the mean (643) in other months in 2000. the following factors contributed to this phenomenon: • because twelve cataloging staff members in the cataloging department kept a daily record on what they did on authority records, their record-keeping was collected every day in march 2000. that function served as a reminder for the cataloging staff, who kept the author­ ity records activity in more accurate fash­ ion in march 2000 than in other months. although the cataloging staff kept activ­ ity records at other times, those numbers were collected on a monthly basis. of­ ten there was a tendency to forget the record-keeping. therefore, the number of authority records reported by the cata­ loging staff during other months was less than the number they actually worked. • three staff members from the ac­ quisitions department and the serials unit of the cataloging department also participated in some levels of mono­ graphic copy cataloging activity when monographic backlogs went up in the technical services division. because of the complex nature of the authority con­ trol procedure, these staff members were not asked to review authority headings upon cataloging during the year except in march. therefore, a certain percent­ age of headings of new monographic records were not reviewed during the cataloging process in other months. the estimated staff time for review­ ing and exporting the appropriate au­ thority records is two minutes per record at the university of dayton library.14 at wsu libraries, the cataloging staff re­ ported the similar pattern of performing this function at between 1.8 and 2.3 min­ utes per record, or thirty-six hours per month for 1,100 records. sample of unauthorized headings the number of unauthorized headings generated through the local cataloging reports was examined to determine whether the in-house authority mainte­ nance was capable of keeping up with the newly issued authority headings by the lc. on a weekly basis, the system analyst who maintains the cataloging server at the wsu computing center runs several system reports for various headings. table 4 displays samples of the number of incoming new bibliographic records whose headings were invalid; that is, there were no corresponding valid headings in the local authority file. based on the reports, the cataloging staff had to export valid headings from the oclc authority file to validate all head­ ings in the reports. because of the large number of headings generated on a weekly basis, only a few weekly samples were selected here to show the signifi­ cance. as is indicated in table 4, according to the authority reports generated by the online system, a large number of unau­ thorized headings was detected, includ­ ing unauthorized name headings, sub­ ject headings, name/title headings, and title headings. because the system does not differentiate the genuine invalid headings from the valid headings that require some degree of editing/revising, http:library.14 402 college & research libraries september 2001 table 4 sample of weekly system-generated unauthorized headings in 2000 week of week of week of week of week of feb. mar. apr. may june 4-10 17-23 14-20 5-11 2-8 unauthorized name headings 409 689 421 266 248 unauthorized subject headings 421 854 375 367 347 unauthorized name/title headings 725 751 529 456 306 unauthorized title headings 21 48 22 17 23 it is very time-consuming for an in-house authority maintenance because the cata­ loging staff has to manually review each heading to decide when to export a valid authority record. again, because the sys­ tem does not differentiate main subject headings from subdivision headings, there was no other way to obtain the ex­ act number of unauthorized main sub­ ject headings. if the number of unautho­ rized headings listed in table 4 was timed by four weeks, one could easily figure out the amount of staff time needed just to catch up with new headings detected by the local system each month. number of batch-loaded bibliographic records from a book vendor finally, the number of newly imported bibliographic records from the book ven­ dor was examined. in 2000, the total number of batch-loaded bibliographic records from the book vendor to the lo­ cal cataloging system was 25,336, an av­ erage of 2,111 per month. the biblio­ graphic records from the vendor included both firm orders and approval books. as mentioned earlier, these bib­ liographic records were batch-loaded into the local cataloging system without being reviewed for their authorized headings. table 5 lists the number of monthly batch-loaded bibliographic records. the original intention of batch-load­ ing bibliographic records from the book vendor was to speed up the acquisitions and cataloging process for newly pur­ chased monographic titles. that is, if an imported bibliographic record was com­ plete enough, the acquisitions staff would attach purchase orders and in­ voices to it. after that, the cataloging staff would simply add local holding and item records to the bibliographic record and would not go to oclc’s worldcat to search and export the same bibliographic record into the local system. based on the library’s current cataloging procedures, the cataloging staff still needs to go to the oclc authority file to search and export the appropriate authority records upon cataloging the new titles. this pro­ cedure substantially slows down the en­ tire cataloging process. additional findings of the project after examining the current authority control work flow, analyzing heading re­ ports generated by the cataloging sys­ tem, and reviewing the batch-loaded cataloging records, it became very clear that: 1. additional staff time is needed to incorporate authority control into routine cataloging work flow, including time spent searching, reviewing, and export­ ing the appropriate authority records; checking the weekly list of new headings issued by the lc against the headings in the local system; and updating the exist­ ing authority records. although the online cataloging system provides a function of global heading changes (see table 6), it still requires manual reviews and updates on each heading that is re­ lated to bibliographic records in the library’s catalog. the cataloging staff needs to manually click on the “process” button, and the system analyst needs to run a global update program in the sys­ tem server to complete each update. � . � \ z: e. .l 0. :. ::0 el� cc :u � .u0 l�' � .uc i:0 �� .� �l 0e � 00. . 5� 0l :5 n00 0 planning an authority control project at a medium-sized university library 403 �;i .o. �; . -c . �; . �:i o �: .. -: � �oc t 0l t zq , "o l q t;. § 0 "( v �. m n0 0 0o 0 tn t mn 0 n\ 0 0\ n \0 ' 00 ' 0t o 0t ' t0 t 0nn " " 0 ; � ,0 0�v \0' om0 \m '00 t\0 'mm 'o\ 0 0m o0' \ 0 \t0 \00 t ' ' � .;" 0 mm n m "" n \ 0m n mn n o 0o o n0 t \ n o 0n t no 0 o n n \\ n 0 0\ no mm\ �o .: i n , ,, li .. �o ... i.: : i mt o 2. the costs for in-house authority maintenance include the fees of export­ ing authority records from the oclc authority file, the staff time spent on maintaining new headings, and the staff time spent on updating the existing head­ ings. in their analysis on staffing cost, susan l. tsui and carol f. hinders con­ cluded that the cost for the total manual exporting authority records from oclc, for staff time of reviewing and loading appropriate authority records, and for manual review of the existing authority records is more than having a vendor ser­ vice that “provides automatic machine correction of bibliographic records and supplies authority records with their re­ vised forms, leaving the library only the complicated database maintenance of its manual review and correction.”15 3. the level of commitment to the au­ thority control procedure in the library’s technical services division includes: • head of technical services division: planning and coordinating work flow and assignments for incorporating au­ thority control into routine cataloging work flow; • cataloging librarians: serving as re­ source persons for the authority control process; • paraprofessional cataloging staff (li­ brary assistant iii): creating local author­ ity records for original cataloging mate­ rials and for series if these records are not available in the oclc authority file; • paraprofessional cataloging staff (li­ brary assistants i and ii): searching, re­ viewing, and exporting authority records from the oclc authority file into the local system. 4. substantial training for the catalog­ ing staff at library assistants i and ii lev­ els is needed because of the complex na­ ture of the process. 5. the speed of cataloging new monographic titles is slowed down. the cataloging staff has to review authority headings at the time of cataloging. these additional steps on authority work have slowed the pace of processing new ma­ terials. � � go. g o 404 college & research libraries september 2001 g g g s ;s 1 so ;s o om s soo recommendations and conclusion based on the cataloging data, the im­ pact on cataloging work flow, and cost estimates, it was recommended to the library administration that in order to keep the local cataloging system consistent and current, two procedures must be in place (1) to validate headings for new biblio­ graphic records exported from the book vendor and from oclc’s worldcat on a regular basis, and (2) to update the existing authority in the local system whenever lc issues new headings that affect the local headings. there are 650,000 author­ ity records in the library’s catalog­ ing system. each week, the lc issues a long list of headings, including both new headings and replace­ ments for old/obsolete headings. because the cataloging staff has no way of knowing which existing heading in the local authority file needs to be replaced, the task of manually searching and comparing each heading issued weekly by lc will require a full-time cataloging staff member. after a thorough review of the current cataloging work flow, a bet­ ter understanding was gained that in-house authority work would take a large amount of staff time. it is almost impossible to keep the c a t a l o g i n g d a t a b a s e c u r r e n t through the in-house maintenance. ample library literature has pro­ vided convincing data that the cost of outsourcing this procedure is lower than the cost of in-house maintenance. therefore, the tech­ n i c a l s e r v i c e s d i v i s i o n r e c o m ­ mended selecting a vendor to per­ form the authority control proce­ dures for the library. the library ad­ ministration is taking the recom­ mendations seriously. the funding for maintaining authority control is being included in the budget plans of the 2001/2002 fiscal year. planning an authority control project at a medium-sized university library 405 notes 1. robin k. wendler, “automating heading correction in a large file: harvard’s experi­ ence,” in the future is now: reconciling change and continuity in authority control (columbus, ohio: oclc, 1995), 5–10. 2. henriette d. avram, “authority control and its place,” journal of academic librarianship 9 (jan. 1984): 331–35. 3. ibid., 333. 4. larry auld, “authority control: an eighty-year review,” library resources & technical services 26 (oct./dec., 1982): 319–30. 5. barbara tillett, “automated authority control: a survey of literature,” seminar paper (los angeles: graduate school of library and information science, univ. of california, june 1982), with corrections and additions, oct. 1982. 6. arlene g. taylor, “research and theoretical considerations in authority control,” in au­ thority control in the online environment: considerations and practices, ed. barbara b. tillett (new york and london: haworth, 1989), 29–56. 7. http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/databases/ librarylit database, accessed in mar. 2001. 8. taylor, “research and theoretical considerations in authority control,” 33. 9. joan m. bechtel, “an authority control alternative for small colleges,” college & re­ search libraries 53 (nov. 1992): 485–98. 10. elaine peterson and bonnie johnson, “is authority updating worth the price?” technicali­ ties 10, no. 5 (may 1990): 1+. 11. kerrie talmac, “authority control,” in technical services today and tomorrow, 2nd ed. (englewood, colorado: libraries unlimited, 1998), 129–39. 12. susan l. tsui and carol f. hinders, “cost-effectiveness and benefits of outsourcing au­ thority control,” cataloging & classification quarterly 26, no.4 (1998): 43–61. 13. library technology, inc., documents at http://www.librarytech.com/index.html, ac­ cessed in mar. 2001. 14. tsui and hinders, “cost-effectiveness and benefits of outsourcing authority control,” 59. 15. ibid., 59. http://www.librarytech.com/index.html http://www.oclc.org/firstsearch/databases bradshaw.p65 a common ground 525 a common ground: communication and alliance between cataloguer and curator for improved access to rare books and special collections elaine beckley bradshaw and stephen c. wagner rare book catalogers and special collections curators can benefit greatly from cooperating on matters concerning cataloging policy and practice. this alliance is necessary for providing full access to special collections in a rapidly changing library environment. the authors examine rare book cataloging from the perspectives of cataloger and curator; discuss the areas where a cataloger–curator alliance can affect cataloging, as well as relevant factors over which the two have little control; and promote a con­ cept of customized cataloging for special collections materials. are book catalogers and special collections curators can benefit greatly from cooperating on matters concerning cataloging policy and practice. indeed, such an alli­ ance is necessary for providing full access to special collections materials in an en­ vironment that is changing rapidly and perhaps insensitive to standards and prac­ tices of special collections librarianship. this article examines rare book cataloging from the perspectives of both cataloger and cu­ rator. the authors discuss the areas where a cataloger–curator alliance can affect policies and decisions, as well as the fac­ tors over which such an alliance has little control but which, nevertheless, need to be taken into account. collaboration be­ tween catalogers and curators is just as important as that between curators and conservators, donors, administrators, and researchers.1 the curator benefits from rare book cataloging by gaining better intellectual control over the collections’ holdings, thereby promoting more effective refer­ ence, collection development, and out­ reach. however, to take advantage of its benefits, the curator first must know the basics of rare book cataloging, regardless of whether he or she ever catalogs a book.2 more specifically, the curator must be able to read, understand, and recognize the limitations of records in the local online catalog, oclc and/or rlin, and other libraries’ online catalogs accessible via the internet. the curator who understands the language of cataloging can expect to have a more profitable relationship with not only the rare book cataloger but also the cataloging department as a whole. finally, a curator writing any grant pro­ posal whose aim is to improve intellec­ tual access to the collections, including the elaine beckley bradshaw is the cataloging/computer services librarian in the university of oklahoma law library; e-mail: ebradshaw@ou.edu. stephen c. wagner is the history of science bibliographer in the department of philosophy at the university of oklahoma; e-mail: swagner@ou.edu. 525 mailto:swagner@ou.edu mailto:ebradshaw@ou.edu 526 college & research libraries november 2000 construction of indexes and databases, must demonstrate and incorporate knowledge of the fundamentals of rare book cataloging.3 he or she will have an even greater need for knowledge of rare book cataloging when supervising a cata­ loger either on staff or as part of a grant project. in special collections, outsourcing is useful only for a very limited range of materials. in turn, the cataloger benefits from knowledge of the collections’ strengths and overall mission. this knowledge, combined with an idea of the research needs of the collections’ patrons, enables the cataloger to customize certain ele­ ments of the cataloging record to better serve the needs of the collections and their users. moreover, the cataloger should be aware of any backlogs or otherwise inac­ cessible materials held by the collections, the nature of the backlog (e.g., its size, subject matter(s), range of dates of publi­ cation), and any priorities the curator has regarding cataloging. this is an example where cooperation between cataloger and curator may bring about effective policy—in this case, for cataloging a back­ log. in this article, the authors elaborate on the themes of communication and alliance in terms of goals and constraints. by goals, the authors mean informed decision mak­ ing and subsequent action where cata­ loger and curator can set policy, establish procedures, and achieve optimal access to special collections materials. by con­ straints, they mean factors, large and small, over which curator and cataloger have little control. thus, goals concern the ultimate aim of access and how best to achieve it, and constraints can restrict any action taken by curator and cataloger and are, to a certain extent, constituted by the institutional environment in which rare book catalogers and special collections curators toil. both also operate within a broader professional culture, as discussed in the following sections. current trends in librarianship several recent trends in librarianship, general as well as specific, undermine both traditional cataloging practice and the needs of special collections.4 for ex­ ample, in-house cataloging departments at some institutions are under attack by library administrators who emphasize cost cutting and believe that these depart­ ments are too expensive. in all libraries, cataloging departments are under fiscal scrutiny and present easy behind-the­ scenes targets for cutbacks. similarly, spe­ cial collections appear to be ancillary to many libraries’ self-proclaimed missions in a developing information age.5 with such emphasis on their holdings and on a special facility for preservation and con­ trolled access, special collections depart­ ments seem wildly out of step in a world of “libraries without walls” and the vi­ sion of libraries as networked informa­ tion gateways. thus, special collections departments, which also are expensive to administer, likewise are easy targets for cutbacks. one specific trend is the outsourcing of cataloging. although useful in circum­ stances where highly specialized materi­ als require competencies outside the scope of many cataloging departments (e.g., formats such as sound recordings or languages such as arabic), in other cases outsourcing is used merely as a blanket cost-cutting measure. in extreme cases, entire cataloging departments have been eliminated in favor of outsourcing. in special collections, outsourcing is use­ ful only for a very limited range of mate­ rials. even drawing up the profile for adequate cataloging is highly labor-inten­ sive, as is reviewing cataloging records and making any in-house enhancement of inadequate records. moreover, for pres­ ervation and security reasons, most cu­ rators would never consider sending spe­ cial collections materials outside the li­ brary. finally, as discussed below, the ben­ efits of more customized cataloging will be realized only with the close in-house collaboration of cataloger with curator and with the materials always on hand. a common ground 527 a second specific trend is that of mini­ mal cataloging. this may include briefer cataloging records with limited descrip­ tion, little or no subject analysis, and few (if any) local notes or content notes. this trend flies in the face of the standards of rare book cataloging and the mission of special collections as resources for re­ search and scholarship. for example, rare book cataloging standards demand more—not less—description, including full transcription of almost all title page information. moreover, the customized cataloging advocated by the authors of this article emphasizes careful subject analysis and appropriate, more extensive use of notes (especially content and local notes) and added entries. furthermore, in an era of reduced travel budgets and networked online library catalogs, scholars are becoming more—not less—depen­ dent on fuller cataloging records. another general trend is the impact on libraries of evolving technologies. al­ though often beneficial, technological de­ velopment seems to encourage many li­ brarians, especially administrators and educators, to overestimate its use and ef­ fectiveness. specifically, many retrospec­ tive conversions of card catalogs into online systems have fallen short of the ideal due to unrealistic estimates of the cost and labor involved.6 and despite the best intentions to thoroughly update all online records to current standards, nobody has had the time and resources to do so. in fact, the motivation behind retrospective projects is a rapid and straightforward con­ version of the card catalog into a new, very useful format. unfortunately, such a “quick and dirty” approach only glosses over the complexities of transforming a catalog historically assembled using cata­ loging standards that themselves have evolved significantly over time. although this mix of cataloging standards has ex­ isted within card catalogs as well, the la­ beled displays of many online systems nevertheless mask the catalog’s historical nature. moreover, patrons may well as­ sume that a new online system, like most new databases they have encountered, has been assembled from a single, consistent standard. for a special collections setting, the situation is even worse. not only do ret­ rospective conversions typically work from existing, often brief, cataloging cards and not the actual item (either straight data input from the existing cataloging card or a match to an existing oclc record), but they also rarely allow for cata­ loging to current rare book standards, which requires much additional time, re­ search, and expertise. in effect, this means re-cataloging the rare books, a process that runs counter to the goal of relatively inexpensive retrospective conversion. another specific outcome of evolving technologies is their impact on the cre­ ation, distribution, preservation, and long-term access to electronic sources. one example is the availability of elec­ tronic journals and reference works, which to date has had little immediate impact on special collections and their holdings. however, in time, electronic sources may well fall within the scope of the collections. often very little thought is given to considerations at the core of special collections librarianship: preser­ vation and long-term access. will these sources later be accessible at all or avail­ able in a format that ensures their longterm accessibility? who will own these sources and have the rights for distribu­ tion and redistribution over time? who will have responsibility for maintaining the data in an accessible format? given the instability of storage media for elec­ tronic data, how will this responsibility be met?7 if, due to technical consider­ ations, electronic resources are not “stored” physically in the collections, how will the goal of long-term access be met? will a library or institution’s systems of­ fice recognize, respect, fulfill, and give adequate priority to such a goal? these problems face libraries now without ob­ vious resolutions, and they will have an even greater impact on special collections and cataloging in the future. another issue is that of making cur­ rent holdings more broadly available 528 college & research libraries november 2000 through digitization and networked ac­ cess.8 whether such efforts will be effec­ tive for more than limited, well-defined subsets of special collections is unclear. in a library’s world of limited resources, any such efforts take time, staff, and money away from basic library functions, including cataloging.9 (ironically, catalog­ ing is the traditional library function most concerned with access.) even worse, many repositories (such as smaller his­ torical societies) that hold valuable, unique items (especially archives and manuscripts) do not have the resources to shift around to large-scale digitizing efforts. grant-funded projects, even large ones, can achieve only limited goals. even if the resources were available to digitize and index every item within a special col­ lection, certain physical evidence neces­ sary for scholarship (e.g., illustrations, watermarks, typefaces, the book’s struc­ ture and binding) is available only with direct examination of the original item or, if possible, at an incredible investment of time and money. in place of these global digitalizing efforts, the authors see tech­ nology as complementing, not replacing, traditional library practices and extend­ ing the reach of special collections.10 on a positive note, some general trends in librarianship have advanced the cause of rare book cataloging. as a specific example, libraries have benefited in many ways from national cooperative efforts. the development of the interna­ tional bibliographic utilities, oclc and rlin, has contributed to both catalog­ ing and reference. the ability to down­ load and modify bibliographic records has eliminated the need for each library to catalog every book from scratch, in­ cluding rare books. even though many online records lack the full detail de­ manded by an individual library’s stan­ dards, online records still provide a time­ saving template for enhancement. more­ over, these bibliographic utilities provide records and holdings data that support better reference and collection develop­ ment. all of these benefits accrue to spe­ cial collections. however, cooperative efforts fall flat unless they are based on an accepted set of standards.11 online bibliographic records would be far less accessible with­ out cataloging standards such as aacr2. with regard to rare books, the manual descriptive cataloging of rare books (dcrb) supplements aacr2 by permitting fuller descriptive cataloging appropriate to rare books.12 dcrb also provides an effective tool for training the rare book cataloger. other standards, such as the library of congress subject headings (lcsh) and the lc name authority file, benefit the rare book cataloger as well. technology also has brought benefits. first and foremost, it provides access to this wealth of information on the biblio­ graphic utilities. moreover, access to other libraries’ online catalogs via telnet, and now the world wide web has been a benefit for cataloging and reference. for cataloging, these benefits include noting how other catalogers have emended and expanded the minimal record available through oclc or rlin in terms of enhancement of descriptive elements, use of special thesaurus terms (e.g., for binding or provenance), and as­ signment of subject headings. for refer­ ence, benefits include more user-friendly searching, the ability to do special searches (such as browse the call num­ ber range of a particular, rich collection), enhanced subject searching, the use of fuller cataloging records to identify spe­ cific texts and their editions, and the potential to track acquisitions at other collections to enhance one’s own collec­ tion development efforts. these factors apply especially to searching the catalog of large, well-known, and well-managed collections in similar or related subject areas. more general benefits for both cata­ logers and curators include networking through listservs and e-mail; the avail­ ability of resources on the web (such as foreign-language dictionaries, catalog­ ing tools, and special collections project reports); a reduced sense of isolation, even for those working at larger research http:books.12 http:standards.11 http:collections.10 a common ground 529 libraries; the promotion of largeand small-scale cooperative efforts, both for­ mal and informal; and the promotion, development, and refinement of stan­ dards. ideals and reality of course, the primary issue is the qual­ ity of the catalog—for catalogers, curators, patrons, and others. the quality of the catalog can be defined in terms of: • the quality of the individual cata­ loging records, including detail, accuracy, and relevance of access points to the col­ lection, institution, and their patrons; • the incorporation of relevant au­ thority control; • its comprehensiveness (i.e., its re­ flection of the collection’s overall hold­ ings); • its accessibility, especially online access via the internet; • the characteristics of the on-line system, in terms of both searching and display. in addition to the benefits listed above for cataloging and reference, an outstand­ ing online catalog can benefit individu­ als and institutions outside the facility. for example, scholars regularly send e-mail messages to the history of science col­ lections at the university of oklahoma libraries that include downloaded cata­ loging records from its online system. if the catalog were more comprehensive and more completely done to rare book cataloging standards, another scholar or institution’s request for information on the collection’s holdings could be handled more easily. moreover, rare book dealers could make use of a comprehensive, de­ tailed online catalog when helping the history of science collections develop its rare book holdings. in a similar vein, the curator would benefit immeasurably from having internet access to a complete catalog when on book-buying trips to europe, thereby helping reduce the re­ turns of duplicate items. however, even realized ideals are achieved within real-world constraints. such constraints may be internal (i.e., the institution or the collection) or external (e.g., national and international stan­ dards, cooperative agreements). the primary institutional constraint is budget. the largest budget item for most libraries is staff salary, which translates into time spent working. for a library administration concerned with limiting spending in a era of slow growth or even cutbacks, assigning staff to the highly la­ bor-intensive effort of rare book catalog­ ing, which benefits only a small portion of the overall library’s holdings and pa­ tron use, may seem problematic. putting this money and time into reference, auto­ mation, and acquisitions—or even clear­ ing the omnipresent cataloging backlog— often seems to be a better use of limited resources. even within a special collec­ tion, clearing a backlog and providing at least minimal access to the entire holding may be deemed more important than pro­ viding a detailed cataloging record for every item sometime in the distant future. in other words, one ideal (access to the entire collection) may be in conflict with another ideal (full, detailed cataloging records). the need for cooperation in rare book cataloging simply may not be recognized, however obvious it may seem on the face of it. on the other hand, cataloging special collections materials simply demands more time and effort to do well than other types of cataloging. it also enhances local reference while simultaneously contrib­ uting to the scholarly community, a goal of any research library or any institution housing a major special collection. insti­ tutions that are willing to accept a special collection and benefit from the prestige of such holdings also acquire a responsi­ bility that extends beyond the mere hous­ ing of materials to their preservation and access. a second institutional constraint is staffing. staffing is more than a budget­ ary consideration. rare book cataloging demands expertise and training beyond 530 college & research libraries november 2000 what is required in most cataloging de­ partments, even those that do a signifi­ cant amount of original cataloging. the authors’ emphasis on cooperation be­ tween catalogers and curators dictates both rare book–cataloging skills from the cataloger and subject knowledge from the curator. a third institutional constraint is ad­ ministrative organization. when special collections are part of public services and cataloging is part of technical services (a common library administrative struc­ ture), opportunities for collaboration are hindered. the need for cooperation in rare book cataloging simply may not be recognized, however obvious it may seem on the face of it. similarly, the benefits are not discerned or articulated without on­ going discussion at all levels of the library. nevertheless, the benefits strongly out­ weigh the costs of establishing connec­ tions across administrative lines. one alternative is to place the rare book cataloger within special collections. op­ portunities for collaboration are enhanced because regular discussion between cata­ loger and curator is accomplished more easily. communication is only the first step; specific policies and procedures re­ main to be developed. however, en­ hanced communication is a necessary first stage in identifying and addressing issues that lead to effective cataloging and hence to access to collections’ materials. a fourth constraint is the requirement of libraries to meet accepted cataloging standards. the benefits of large-scale co­ operation and the need for standards were discussed above. at the institu­ tional level, though, those benefits come at a cost—namely, the obligation to adopt only what the standards dictate. for de­ scriptive cataloging, such drawbacks can be minimized with dcrb and the wise use of notes fields. however, subject and name access may be inadequate for local needs. in such cases, one either concedes the loss or creates two records, one for the national utilities and one for the lo­ cal catalog, but only at the cost of addi­ tional time. customized cataloging driven by the ideal of a high-quality cata­ log and the above-mentioned constraints, cataloger and curator must resolve sev­ eral matters of policy and practice in working toward the optimal balance of timely access and detailed records. the following issues should be discussed well before any cataloging is done: • will priorities be assigned to mate­ rials needing cataloging, or will books be done on a “first-in, first-out” basis? • what is the most appropriate level of cataloging for the collections? do dif­ ferent parts of the collections get cata­ loged to different degrees of detail? • what cataloging standard should be used: aacr2 or dcrb? • most important, what records will be customized for the collections, and in what ways? • how can characteristics of the online system be made to reflect fully the results of optimal cataloging? it is precisely collaboration on these policy and practice issues that leads to what the authors referred to at the begin­ ning of this article as customized cataloging—that is, using a combination of sub­ ject knowledge and cataloging acumen to customize the catalog to provide an opti­ mal match between the records in the catalog and the items in the collections. the rest of this article elaborates on this concept. to integrate cataloging with other spe­ cial collections’ functions, the curator needs to articulate cataloging priorities. establishing priorities relies on his or her knowledge of the collections and their use. ultimately, the curator ’s decisions depend on the following criteria: ac­ knowledgment, subject, time period, and value. acknowledging gifts and pur­ chases from special funds via prompt cataloging provides proper recognition of welcome support of any special collec­ tions, recognition that does not accrue to items buried in a backlog. cataloging can encourage better utilization of the collec­ tions by focusing on subject strengths or past, current, and anticipated use (e.g., a common ground 531 new faculty or visiting scholars). priori­ ties also may be based on time period (e.g., incunables) or value (monetary or scholarly). there is no ready-made for­ mula for balancing these criteria; rather, decisions must be made based on judg­ ment and knowledge of the collections. deciding what to do with a substan­ tial backlog further complicates the pro­ cess of setting cataloging priorities. as mentioned above, cataloging a backlog pits one ideal (access to the entire collec­ tions) against another (detailed biblio­ graphic records for each item in the col­ lections). the authors believe that the wisest course is to build slowly and steadily a high-quality catalog rather than face the possibility of either cataloging every item twice or never cataloging ma­ terials to rare book standards. before specifying appropriate catalog­ ing standards and levels of description, three assumptions must be mentioned. first, for security reasons, some type of record needs to be made for every item as it enters the collections. for example, in the history of science collections at the university of oklahoma libraries, a temporary record for all incoming ma­ terials is created in both the card catalog and the short-title database. this pro­ vides two independent, complete lists of the collections’ holdings. more generally, in an age of integrated library systems, the authors envision simply having minimal cataloging records linked to order records (to include both orders and gifts). second, discussion should be lim­ ited to the cataloging of books and is­ sues concerning archives and manu­ scripts should be left aside. third, cur­ rently published secondary sources should receive adequate cataloging as they pass routinely from acquisitions through centralized cataloging to the special collections. the next question to deal with con­ cerns the amount of detail to provide in the process of cataloging. this in turn di­ vides into several categories: descriptive cataloging, subject analysis, classification, authority work, and added entries. descriptive cataloging reveals a con­ tinuum of detail from remarkably sparse (e.g., a minimal aacr2 record) to incred­ ibly elaborate (e.g., full dcrb). the au­ thors propose the following recommen­ dations, subject to modification by the curator and cataloger: 1. a minimal aacr2rev record for all incoming materials: this record is recom­ mended above for security reasons to be linked with an order/gift record. 2. a full aacr2rev record for currently published materials (as mentioned above) and nineteenth and twentieth machine-press book: in conjunction with the curator, the cata­ loger may decide to include extra notes (such as notes on signature, advertise­ ments, errata, physical details of multivolume sets) for books whose im­ portance and/or structure so requires.13 curator and cataloger may decide to fol­ low dcrb in certain cases when greater descriptive detail demands it. 3. a full dcrb record for all hand-press books and some machine-press books: dcrb more fully and accurately describes the book, allowing a complete and unaltered transcription of the title page and record­ ing the physical structure of the book (for­ mat, signatures, pagination, illustra­ tions).14 this level of detail is useful for reference, security, collection develop­ ment, cataloging, and scholarly purposes. concerning the last recommendation above, even within dcrb, there are sev­ eral options for varying levels of detail.15 for example, the title page punctuation may be retained in addition to the re­ quired isbd punctuation, thereby result­ ing in “double punctuation.” the cata­ loger can convert a date appearing in ro­ man numerals on the title page to arabic numerals or transcribe the date in both roman and arabic numerals (the latter within square brackets). in the physical description area, the cataloger can record both the specific type of illustration (e.g., map, plan, portrait) and the technique of illustration (e.g., woodcut, copper plate engraving), if either is deemed significant. however, the greatest opportunity for customization exists within the notes­ http:detail.15 http:tions).14 http:requires.13 532 college & research libraries november 2000 area. beyond the three mandatory note types in dcrb (giving source of title, edi­ tion, or publication information taken from outside the chief source; indicating transposition of title page elements; and noting errata leaves or slips), there is a wide range of options including, but not limited to, notes on title variations, au­ thorship, edition and bibliographic his­ tory, publication, signatures, physical de­ scription, references to published descrip­ tions, and contents. in addition to these universal notes, the cataloger and the curator also may decide to include a variety of local or copy-spe­ cific notes. they may decide to use local notes for a variety of situations, includ­ ing imperfect copies, extra illustrated or interleaved copies, binding, hand-colored illustrations, annotations, provenance, and some bound-withs. local notes may be used to support added entries for names, titles, genre/forms, physical char­ acteristics, and provenance but are not required by dcrb. having agreed on appropriate levels and standards for descriptive cataloging, the cataloger and the curator may even wish to establish an item-by-item review of cataloging records for issues that de­ pend on detailed subject knowledge: sub­ ject analysis, classification, authority work, and additional access points. in these cases, the curator ’s subject knowl­ edge, knowledge of the current literature in the field, and knowledge of the history of books and printing will prove valuable assets for comprehensive, accurate cata­ loging. concerning subject knowledge, a cu­ rator–cataloger collaboration may decide, for original cataloging, not to place restric­ tions on the appropriate number of sub­ ject headings (e.g, beyond the common practice of three to five subject headings per book) as well as allow for headings in books of a more encyclopedic nature that may contain small, but highly impor­ tant, sections on a given subject (i.e., opt­ ing for many specific headings instead of one general heading). for copy catalog­ ing, including twentieth-century books, the two may make similar decisions when the historical importance of a work or its anticipated use dictates more detailed subject headings. as a corollary, curator and cataloger may decide to reclassify a work to better match the current holdings or use of the collections. concerning authority work, the cura­ tor occasionally may identify the need to revise an authority record (e.g., an undif­ ferentiated personal name). beyond this, however, the curator may have a differ­ ent goal in mind: to provide as much in­ formation about an author as possible, as opposed to providing only enough infor­ mation to distinguish one author from another. to this end, the curator may want to work with the cataloger to enhance authority records in the local system by adding, for example, a complete set of birth and death dates or a cross-reference to a different or fuller form of name. finally, cataloger and curator will want to collaborate on additional access points. for example, they may decide for works such as conference proceedings to add names of prominent contributors who did not appear in the initial cataloging record. depending on the collections and their use, they may add names of illustrators, engravers, binders, printers, and publish­ ers. moreover, they may determine the need for a uniform title to collocate books with a long printing history (e.g., euclid’s elements). lastly, they may wish to add terms to a cataloging record that formerly were included in special card files for top­ ics such as paper, type, binding, printing and publishing, and provenance.17 however, all of this work toward pro­ viding a comprehensive, accurate set of cataloging records will be for naught if the local system cannot adequately display all the information packed into the records. what the patron sees in the catalog dis­ play is constrained by national standards, local system limitations, and local deci­ sions concerning what to display and how. the alliance of curator and rare book cata­ loger provides essential input into the se­ lection of an integrated library system and its adaptation for local usage. because of http:provenance.17 a common ground 533 the peculiar characteristics of rare book cataloging records, only these two indi­ viduals will have the knowledge for, and interest in, promoting a display adequate for reference and scholarship. due to the administrative structure of most libraries, the alliance will be able to voice these con­ cerns in both public services and technical services meetings. the concerns are really twofold: (1) the ability to search effectively throughout all relevant elements of the record, and (2) the capability to have displayed all rel­ evant information within each record. especially important are full title, physi­ cal characteristics and other nontextual elements, notes, and relator terms. for title, the system itself should not arbi­ trarily truncate the title after a given num­ ber of characters. for physical and other nontextual characteristics, the online cata­ log should be able to mimic the special card files of old for topics such as paper, type, binding, printing and publishing, and provenance. for notes, systems should have the option of displaying and searching all notes fields, including local notes (e.g., additional information on provenance, binding, or condition). fi­ nally, for relator terms, the system should be able to support records with such terms, which are used to distinguish name headings (e.g., to list separately an individual as author, previous owner, dedicatee, printer, illustrator, forger). only with the prompting of cataloger and curator will the results of customized cataloging be displayed consistently and available for scholars.18 conclusion open lines of communication between cataloger and curator can make the most of the limited time a rare book cataloger may have to work with the collection. a cataloging strategy, worked out in ad­ vance and drawing on the knowledge and skills of both cataloger and curator, can assure that high-priority items receive the full attention of the cataloger and are made accessible as soon as possible. working together and keeping in mind the needs and character of the collection, together they can identify materials need­ ing the most detailed cataloging, as well as items for which briefer records may be appropriate. based on an effective col­ laboration between cataloger and curator, customized cataloging can provide maxi­ mum access to special collections materi­ als, to the benefit of all. customized cataloging begins with an examination of every element of a cata­ loging record in order to make it as faith­ ful a representation of the work as pos­ sible. ultimately, customized cataloging ends with the fullest use possible of the collections for scholarship and teaching. notes 1. for example, cathy henderson, “curator or conservator: who decides on what treat­ ment?” in rare books & manuscripts librarianship 2 (fall 1987): 103–7 or roberta pilatte and carolyn harris, “it takes two to tango: a conservator’s view of curator/conservator relations,” in rare books & manuscripts librarianship 4 (fall 1989): 103–11. 2. that such a need exists is recognized by the addition of the course “rare book cataloging for curators” in the summer 1998 offerings at rare book school, university of virginia. 3. for example, one recent project in the history of science collections, university of okla­ homa libraries, was to catalog a large (c. 20,000-item) slide collection onto a microsoft access database. the original database structure, developed by historians without collaboration with librarians, would at best have been a stand-alone, in-house system. the collaboration of a rare book librarian, a cataloger, and a library systems person resulted in a revamped database whose structure would readily map into a marc format and whose entries into data fields would use the appropriate controlled vocabularies (e.g., lcsh). the database now can be converted into a marc database compatible with the local opac, a feature that eventually will make the data­ base much more accessible and more easily searched. 4. suzy taraba, “administering the cataloging of special collections materials,” in rare books and manuscripts librarianship 7 (1992): 87–90. 5. for an alternate vision, see peter s. graham, “new roles for special collections on the http:scholars.18 534 college & research libraries november 2000 network,” in college & research libraries 59 (mar. 1998): 232–39. 6. nicholson baker, “discards,” new yorker, 4 apr. 1994, 64–86. see also henry l. snyder, “providing access to rare book and manuscripts collections and services in a time of change: the electronic revolution,” in ifla journal 22 (may 1996): 115–20. 7. jeff rothenberg, “ensuring the longevity of digital documents,” in scientific american 272 (jan. 1995): 42–47. 8. examples include the tobacco control archives, university of california at san francisco (http://www.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco/); the human radiation experiments site, u.s. department of energy (http://tis-nt.eh.doe.gov/ohre/); the digital scriptorium, duke university (http:// scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/); and the electronic text center, university of virginia (http:// etext.lib.virginia.edu/). 9. some libraries have indeed shifted most of the resources for their electronic libraries from their cataloging departments. 10. the authors currently are examining ways that digitized images can enhance work done in rare book cataloging and descriptive bibliography. a parallel project of a professor of the his­ tory of science is to scan and convert text from historical sources. 11. john b. thomas iii, “the necessity of standards on an automated environment,” in li­ brary trends 36 (summer 1987): 125–39. 12. descriptive cataloging of rare books, 2nd ed. (washington, d.c.: library of congress, 1991). 13. it is useful for some machine-press books to include signatures, which can help identify different printings. for multivolume sets, notes can describe pagination of individual volumes, plates, dates of publications, and variant publishers. this is especially important for made-up sets. 14. laura stalker and jackie m. dooley, “descriptive cataloging and rare books,” in rare books and manuscripts librarianship 7 (1992): 7–23. 15. an example of this is the core standard for rare books (dcrb core) (http://lcweb.loc.gov/ catdir/pcc/dcrbcore.html). 16. dcrb, 54–65, note 12. 17. the authors have in mind topics covered by the rbms thesauri for binding, genre, paper, printing and publishing, provenance, and type. 18. for a fuller and more technical discussion of these points, see henry raine and laura striker, “rare book records in online systems,” in rare books and manuscripts librarianship 11 (1996): 103–18. see also the guide to rare book records in online systems (http://www.lib.byu.edu/ ~catalog/people/rlm/bsc/guide.htm). http:http://www.lib.byu.edu http:http://lcweb.loc.gov http:etext.lib.virginia.edu http:scriptorium.lib.duke.edu http://tis-nt.eh.doe.gov/ohre http://www.library.ucsf.edu/tobacco lib-s-mocs-kmc364-20140601052858 the shared cataloging system of the ohio college library center frederick g. kilgour, philip l. long, alan l. landgraf, and john a. wyckoff: ohio college library center, columbus, ohio development and implementation of an off-line catalog card production system and an on-line shared cataloging system are described. in off-line production, average cost per card for 529,893 catalog cards in finished form and alphabetized for filing was 6.57 (·. an account is given of system design and equipment selection for the on-line system. file organization and programs are described, and the on-line cataloging system is discussed. the system is easy to use, efficient, 1'eliable, and cost beneficial. the ohio college library center ( oclc) is a not-for-profit corporation chartered by the state of ohio on 6 july 1967. ohio colleges and universities may become members of the center; forty-nine institutions are participating in 1971/ 72. the center may also work with other regional centers that may "become a part of any national electronic network for bibliographic communication." the objectives of oclc are to increase the availability to individual students and faculty of resources in ohio's academic libraries, and at the same time to decrease the rate of rise of library costs per student. the oclc system complies with national and international standards and has been designed to operate as a node in a future national network as well as to attain the more immediate target of providing computer support to ohio academic libraries. the system is based on a central computer with a large, random access, secondary memory, and cathode ray tube terminals which are connected to the central computer by a network of telephone circuits. the large secondary memory contains a file of bibliographic records and indexes to the bibliographic record file. access to this central file from 158 journal of library automation vol. 5/3 september, 1972 the remote terminals located in member libraries requires fewer than five seconds. oclc will eventually have five on-line subsystems: 1) shared cataloging; 2) serials control; 3) technical processing; 4 ) remote catalog access and circulation control; and 5) access by subject and title. this paper concentrates on cataloging; the other subsystems are not operational at the present time. figure 1 presents the general file design of the system. the shared cataloging system has been the first on-line subsystem to be activated, and the files and indexes it employs are depicted in figure 1 by the heavy black lines and arrows. as can be seen in the figure, much of the system required for shared cataloging is common with the other four subsystems. the three main goals of shared cataloging are: 1) catalog cards printed to meet varying requirements of members; 2 ) an on-line union catalog; and 3) a communications system for requesting interlibrary loans. in addition, the bibliographic and location information in the system can be used for other purposes such as book selection and purchasing. the only description of an on-line cataloging system that had appeared in the literature during the development of the oclc system is that of the shawnee mission (kansas) public schools ( 1). the shawnee mission cataloging system produces uniform cards from a fixed-length, non-marc record. the oclc system uses a variable-length marc record and has great flexibility for production of cards in various formats. there are a number of reports describing off-line catalog card production systems, including systems at the georgia institute of technology ( 2), the new subject class 3,3 3,1,1, i lc card call author name and title index number title title number number index index index index index index l ! ! l ! l t ! bibliographic f---+ holding library, record file multiple and ~ partial holdings file i l l 1 ' date file name and techn ica i note and address processing dash entries file system and extra files added entries fig. 1. general file design; shared cataloging subsystem in heavy lines. shared cataloging systemfkilgour, et al. 159 england library information network ( nelinet) ( 3), and the university of chicago ( 4). the flexibility of the oclc system distinguishes it from these three systems as well. catalog card production-off-line an off-line catalog card production system based on a file of marc ii records was activated a year before the on-line system ( 5) . oclc supplied member libraries with request cards (punch cards prepunched with symbols for each holding library within an institution). for each title for which catalog cards were needed, members transcribed library of congress ( lc) card numbers onto a request card. members sent batches of cards to oclc at least once a week. at oclc, the lc card numbers were keypunched into the cards and new requests were combined with unfilled requests to be searched against the marc ii file. by the spring of 1971, over 70 percent of titles requested were found the first time they were searched. the selected marc ii records were then submitted to a formatting program that produced print images on magnetic tape for all cards required by a member library. the number of cards to be printed was determined by the number of tracings on the catalog record and the number of catalogs into which cards were to go including a regional union catalog (the cleveland regional union catalog) and the national union catalog. individual cards were formatted according to options originally selected by the member library. these options included: 1) presence or absence of tracings and holdings information on each of nine different types of cards; 2) three different indentions for added entries and subject headings; 3) a choice of upper-case or upperand lower-case characters for each type of added entry and subject heading; and 4) many formats for call numbers. oclc returned cards to members in finished form, alphabetized within packs for filing in specific local catalogs. the primary objective of off-line operation was the production of catalog cards at a lower cost than manual methods in oclc member libraries. early activation of off-line catalog card production did reduce costs and gave some members an opportunity to take advantage of normal staff turnover by not filling vacated positions in anticipation of further savings after activation of the on-line system. other objectives of off-line operation were the automated simulation of on-line activity in member libraries and development and implementation of catalog card production in preparation for card production in an on-line operation. the number of catalog card variations required by members, even after members had reviewed and accepted detailed designs of card products, proved to be higher than anticipated. more than one man-year was expended after activation of the off-line system in further development and implementation to take care of the formats and card dissemination variations requested by specific libraries. the one year advance start on 160 journal of library automation vol. 5/3 september, 1972 catalog production made possible by using marc ii records in the off-line mode proved to be a far greater blessing than anticipated, for it would have been literally impossible to have activated on-line operation and catalog card production simultaneously. a major goal of oclc card production is elimination of uniformity required by standardized procedures. the oclc goal is to facilitate cooperative cataloging without imposing on the cooperators. the cost to attain this goal is slight, for although there is a single expense to establish a decision point in a computer program, the cost of selection among three or thirty alternatives during program execution is infinitesimal. design of catalog cards and format options began four months before off-line activities. two general meetings of the oclc membership were held at which card formats were reviewed and agreed upon in a general sense. next, the oclc staff published a description of catalog card production and procedures for participation ( 6). this publication was reviewed by the membership and format variations were reported for inclusions in the procedure. members reported few variations at this time, but when implementation for individual members was undertaken, it was necessary to build many additional options into the computer programs. to assist the oclc staff in defining options for off-line catalog products and on-line procedures, an advisory committee on cataloging was established. this committee met several times and provided much needed guidance and counsel. the catalog card format options that members could select were extensive. for example, although the position of the call number was fixed in the upper left-hand corner of the card, there were 24 basic formats for lc call numbers, and libraries using the dewey decimal classification could format their call numbers as they wished. in general, the greatest number of format options are associated with call numbers, probably because there has never been a standard procedure for call number construction. programs because designing, writing, coding, and debugging of catalog card production programs can cost tens of thousands of dollars, oclc sought existing card production programs that could run on computers at ohio state university, which is the generous host of the ohio college library center. only two programs were located that could both produce cards in the manner required by oclc and run on osu computers. card production costs were not available for one of the programs, but because analysis suggested that the design of the program would create very high card costs, this program was not selected. the other program had been written and used at the yale university library, and although the card production costs were high, it was known that changes could be made to increase efficiency. thus, arrangements were made to obtain and run the yale programs at osu. members were free to choose a variety of format options and submitted on a catalog profile questionnaire (figure 2) their specifications for each shared cataloging systemjkilgovr, et al. 161 catalog. holdings information and tracings could be printed on any or all of nine types of cards: 1) shelf list; 2) main entry; 3) topical subject; 4) name as subject; 5) geographic subject; 6) personal and corporate added entries; 7) title added entry; 8) author-type series added entry; and 9) title-type series added entry. subject headings and added entries could have top-of-card or bottom-of-card placement and could be printed in all upper-case or in upperand lower-case characters. any type of subject heading and added entry could begin at the left edge of the card or at the first, second, or third indention. other options are described in the manual for oclc catalog card production ( 5). the data received on catalog profile questionnaires were transferred to punch cards and a computer program written in snobol iv embedded the information in the form of a pack definition table (pdt) in one of the principal catalog production programs named convert ( cnvt). each pdt defined the cards to go into the catalogs of one holding library, a holding library being a collection with its own catalog. the first major program in the processing sequence was prepros, which was written in ibm 360 basic assembler language ( bal) and run on an ibm 360/75. prepros converted records from the weekly marc ii tapes to an oclc internal processing format, including conversion of marc ii characters from ascii to ebcdic code. this program also parsed lc call numbers and partially formatted them. it also checked for end-of-field and end-of-record characters and verified the length of record. finally, it wrote the output records in lc card number sequence into huge variable format blocks of 20,644 characters. the large blocks reduced computer costs since the pricing algorithm employed on the ibm 360/75 imposed a charge for each physical read and write operation. the magnetic tape output weekly by prepros was then submitted to cnvt together with the old master file of bibliographic records in lc card number order and a file of request cards that had been sorted in lc card number order. cnvt merged the records on the weekly tape with the master file and then matched the requests by lc card number. when a match was obtained, cnvt deleted some fields from the bibliographic record and formatted the call number according to the specifications of the library that had originated the request. it then wrote the modified record and associated pot's onto an output tape in external ibm 7094 binarycoded-decimal (bcd) character code with the record format converted to that of the yale bibliographic system. the second principal product of cnvt was the new master tape of bibliographic records that would become the old master for the next week's run. cnvt also punched out a card bearing the lc card number for each request card for which there was a match. these punch cards were used to withdraw cards from the request card file so that they would not be submitted again. cnvt was first run on an ibm 360/50. the tape file of modified records and pot's was then submitted to 162 journal of library automation vol. 5/3 september, 1972 ohio college library center ca t alog pr o f ile questionnaire i. to define the pack of a rece i ving catalog, the member should complete the following tabl e . directions for completing the table are in the instruction manual , pp . 2 -3. leave blank rows for types o f entry not to be included ~n th~s pack. ii. 1. what is the name of the holding library or collection for which this pack contains c a rds? jvvc.;.. ,l... ~~ ::s 2 . what is the name of the receiving catalog into which this pack will go? u"'"" ~~~;~\ ""~r_s~ 3 . if this receiving catalog is not in the holding library or collection , 11 11 11111 put in the following box the stamp to appear above the call number · · · · · · · · · (see instruction manual) . lnsti tution: \)," jcl.<>·~ or;. [:>.,\( • .-<' fig. 2. catalog profile questionnaire. expand, a modified yale program written in mad and run on an ibm 7094. by combining the number of tracings and pdt requirements, expand developed a card image for each catalog card required by the requesting library. it also prepared a sort tag for each image so that the image could be subsequently sorted by library into packs and alphabetized within each pack. expand essentially did the formatting of catalog cards except for the complex lc call number formatting carried out by cnvt. the file of card images was passed to a program named build print tape (bldpt) written in bal and run on the ibm 360/ 75. bldpt first converted the external ibm 7094 bcd characters to ebcdic. next bldpt sorted the images, and finally, it arranged the images on a single tape to allow printing on continuous, two-up catalog card formsthe first half of the sorted file was printed on the left-hand cards and the second half on the right. the print program was also written in bal but run on an ibm 360/ 50. it was designed so that either the entire file or a segment as small as four cards could be printed; the latter feature was of greatest use in reprinting cards that for one of several reasons were not satisfactorily printed during the first run. cards were printed six lines to an inch and the print train used was a modified version of the train designed by the university of chicago which in turn was a modified version of the ibm tn train. shared cataloging systemjkilgour, et al. 163 the printer attached to the ibm 360/50 was an ibm 1403 n1 printer. this printer appears to be superior to any other high-speed printer currently available, but to obtain a product of high quality, it was necessary to fine-tune the printer, to use a mylar ribbon from which the ink does not flake off, and to experiment with various mechanical settings to determine the best setting for tension on the card forms and for forms thickness. above all, patience in large amounts was required during initial weeks when it seemed as though a messy appearance would never be eliminated. oclc off-line catalog card production programs were written in assembler language and higher level languages. use of higher level languages for character manipulation incurs unnecessarily high costs. therefore, for a large production sys tem like oclc, it is absolutely required that processing programs and subroutines that manipulate all characters, character by character, be written in an assembler language to obtain efficient programs that run at low cost. programs that do not manipulate characters, such as the oclc program for embedding pdt's in cnvt, may well be written in a higher level language. materials and equipment-a summary off-line catalog production was based on availability of marc ii records on magnetic tapes disseminated weekly by the library of congress. without the marc ii tapes, the off-line procedure could not have operated. each week, the new marc ii records were added to the previous cumulated master file also on magnetic tape, and previously unfilled and new requests were run against the updated file. osu computers employed were an ibm 360/75, an ibm 360/50, an ibm 7094, and an ibm 1620. the run procedure was complex and therefore somewhat inefficient, but this inefficiency was traded off against a predictably high expense to write a new card formatting program. members submitted a request for card production on a punch card on which the member had written an lc card number. members could specify a recycling period of from one to thirty-six weeks for running their request cards against the marc ii file before unfulfilled requests would be returned. in general, request cards bore lc card numbers for that section of the marc ii file that was complete; at first, the file was inclusive for only "7" series numbers, but in early 1971 the recon file for "69" numbers was added. request cards often numbered several thousand a week. catalog card forms are the now-familiar two-up, continuous forms with tractor holes along each side for mechanical driving. the card stock is permalife, one of the longest-lived paper stocks available. a thin slit of about one thirty-second of an inch in height converts each three-inch vertical section of card stock to 75 mm. the lowest price paid in a lot of a half million cards has been $8.065 per thousand. after having been printed, the card forms are trimmed on a modified uarco forms trimmer, model number 1721-1. this trimmer makes four 164 journal of library automation vol. 5/3 september, 1972 continuous cuts in the forms and produces cards with horizontal dimensions of 125 mm. cards are stacked in their original order as printed and are therefore in filing order. the trimmer operates at quoted speeds of 115 and 170 feet per minute or 920 and 1,360 cards per minute. measurements of speeds of operations confirmed these ratings. results the off-line catalog production system produced 529,893 catalog cards from july 1970 through august 1971 at an average cost of 6.57 cents per card. this cost includes over twenty separate cost elements plus a threequarter cent charge for overhead. the firm of haskins & sells, certified public accountants, reviewed the costing procedures that oclc employs, found that all direct costs were being included, and recommended the three-quarter cent overhead charge. the number of extension cards varies from library to library depending almost entirely on the types of cards on which libraries have elected to print tracings. however, one university library with a half-dozen department libraries and requiring tracings on only shelf list and main entry cards averages approximately six cards per title. cataloging using the oclc off-line system results in a decrease of staff requirements, and some libraries that used the system during most of the year found that they needed less staff in cataloging. reduction of staff by taking advantage of normal staff turnover facilitated financial preparation for the oclc on-line system in these libraries. evaluation despite the obvious inefficiences generated by running production computer programs on four different computers in two different locations and despite inefficiencies in the programs themselves, computer costs to process marc ii tapes and to format catalog cards, but not to print them, was 2.27 cents per card. as will be shown later, newer and more efficient programs have halved this cost, but even at 2.27 cents per card for formatting and .33 cents per card for printing, the cost of oclc off-line card production is less than half the cost of more traditional card production methods ( 7). two features originally designed into the system were never implemented, somewhat diminishing the usefulness of the system for some libraries. one of the incompleted features was a technique for deleting, changing, or adding a field to a marc record (this capability exists in the on-line system). absence of this procedure meant that libraries had to accept lc cataloging without modification except to call numbers. the second missing feature was the ability to print multiple holding locations on cards (this capability also exists in the on-line system) although it was possible to print multiple holdings in one location. this deficiency limited the usefulness of the system for large libraries processing duplicates into shared cataloging systemjkilgour, et al. 165 two or more collections. both of these features could have been activated, . but shortage of available time prior to activation of the on-line system prevented their implementation. figure 3 shows the high quality of the catalog cards produced. subsequent to attainment of this level of quality, there have been no complaints from members except in cases where a piece of chaff from the card forms went through the printer and caused omission of characters. oclc continues to vary the design of its continuous forms to achieve completely chaff-free stock. the shortest possible time in which cards could be received by the member library after submitting a request card was ten days, but it is doubtful that this response time was often achieved. the minimum average response time for the three-quarters of requests for which a marc record was located on the first run was two weeks. delays at a computer center or incorrect submission of a run could extend this delay to three and four weeks, and unfortunately such delays were cumulative for subsequent requests until the "weekly" runs were made sufficiently more often than weekly to catch up. if another delay occurred during a catch-up period, the response time further degraded. during the fourteen months of operation, there were two serious delays. the amount of normal turnover that occurred in oclc libraries during the fourteen months and that was taken advantage of by not filling positions was too small to reduce the financial burden incurred in starting up the on-line system. a few libraries demonstrated that it was possible to take advantage of such attrition. however, 20 percent of the libraries did not participate in the on-line system and perhaps half of those who did participate were uncertain as to whether the on-line cataloging system would operate or would operate at a saving. when feasibility of on-line shared cataloging has been substantiated and other centers begin to implement similar systems, it should be possible to activate off-line catalog production sufficiently in advance of on-line implementation to enable participants to take adequate advantage of normal attrition to minimize, or nearly eliminate, additional expenditures. experience such as that of oclc will enable new centers to calculate the number of months necessary for off-line production required to reduce salary expenditures by an amount needed to finance the on-line system. shared cataloging-on-line the cataloging objectives of the on-line shared cataloging system are to supply a cataloger with cataloging information when and where the cataloger needs the information and to reduce the per-unit cost of cataloging. catalog products of the system are the same as the off-line systemcatalog cards in final form alphabetized for £ling in specific catalogs; the on-line system is not limited to marc ii records but also allows cataloging input by member libraries. the shared cataloging system, which accommo166 ]oumal of library automation vol. 5/3 septembe r, 1972 jc423 oll7 ctt tt 171 oe45 1971 oaku la~reit de lacharr~ere repe. stude& sur ta theorle deaocratlc: spinoza, rousseau, beaet, marx. paris, pa:yot, 1963o 218 p• 23 c •• c8ibllotheque politique et econoaique) bibliocraphical ~ootnotes. dawis, mildred j., edo babroider:y desians, 1780-1820; 1ro• the aanuscript collection, the textile resource and research center, the valentine museua, richaond, virginia. edited by mildred j. davis. new york, crown publishers f1971 1 xiii, 94 p• (chie1l:y illus. (part colo)) 29 c•• commercial policy. 338.91 1:875in l:reinin, wordechai elihau, 193000 international econo•ics; a polic y approach (b:y) mordechai e. ~reinin• mew york harcourt, brace, jovanovich [ 1971 1 x., 379 p• it lus. (the harbrace series in business and econo•i cso) dc 430.5 • z9 c34 oako intersectoral capital ~tows in the econoaic dewelopaent o~ taiwan, 1 89 51960. lee, tena-hui • intersectoral capital ~lows in th e econoaic developaent o~ taiwan, 1 8&~1960. ithaca (n.y.] cornell univ ers it y press [ 1971 1 xxt 197 p• 23 cao an out&rowth o~ the author's the~is , cornell oniwersit:y, 1968. bibliography: p• (183)-1 8 1. 0 a"rnt 76-1 59031 ( fl(;uh e fig. 3. computer-produced catalog cards. hed uced 25%) dates all cataloging done in modern european alphabets, builds a union catalog of holdings in oclc member libraries as cataloging is done. one library, wright state university, is converting its entire catalog to machinereadable form in the oclc on-line catalog. the third major goal is a communications system for transacting interlibrary loans. system design and equipment selection figure 4 depicts the basic design of computer and communication comshared cataloging systemf kilgour, et al. 167 ponents for th e comprehensive system comprised of the five subsystems described in th e introduction. the machine system for shared cataloging was designed to be a subsystem of the total system so that subsequent modules could be added with minimal dismption . similarly, the logical d esign of the shared cataloging subsystem was constructed so that the modules of shared cataloging would be common to the remaining file requirements as shown in figure 1. design of the on-line shared cataloging system began with a redefinition of the catalog products of off-line catalog production ( 5) . in this exercise, the advisory committee on cataloging, comprised of members from seven libraries, contributed valuable assistance. the committee was also most helpful in designing the formats of displays to appear on terminal screens. important decisions in the design of the computer, communications, and terminal systems were those involving mass storage devices and terminals. random access storage was the only type feasible for achieving the objective of supplying a user with bibliographic information when and where he needed it. hence, random access memory devices were selected for the comprehensive system and ipso facto for shared cataloging. data channel system file catalog f1 l e data channe i memory drive contr ol data channe l ----connect1on made 1f cpu #i malfunct ions ·connect1on made if cpu #2 ma l funct1ons fig. 4. computer and communication system. 168 ]oum.al of library automation vol. 5/ 3 september, 1972 the cathode ray tube (crt) type of terminal was selected primarily because of its speed and ease of use by a cataloger. crt terminals are far more flexible in operation than are typewriter terminals from the viewpoint of both the user and machine system designer. for these reasons, crt terminals can enhance the amount of work done by the system as a whole. it was originally planned to select a computer without the assistance of computerized simulation, but in the course of time, it became clear that it was impossible to cope with the interaction among the large number of variable computer characteristics without computerized simulation. therefore, a contract was let to comress, a firm well known for its work in computer simulation. ten computer manufacturers made proposals to oclc for equipment to operate the five subsystems at peak loading (an average five requests per second over the period of an hour ) . all ten proposed computer systems failed because simulation revealed inefficiencies in their operating systems for oclc requirements. oclc and comress staff then proposed a modification in operating systems, which the manufacturers accepted. the next series of trials revealed that more than half of the computers or secondary memory files would have to be utilized over 100 percent of the time to process the projected traffic. as a result of these findings , one computer manufacturer withdrew its proposal, and five others changed proposals by upgrading their systems. on the final simulation runs, the percent of simulated computer utilization ranged from 19.70 percent to 114.31 percent. a subsequent investigation of predictable delays due to queuing in such a system showed that unacceptable delays could arise if computer utilization rose above 30 percent at peak traffic. three manufacturers proposed computer systems that were under 30 percent utilization and, for these, a trade-off study was made that included such characteristics as cost, reliability, time to install the applications system, and simplicity of program design. the findings of the simulation and trade-off studies provided the basis of the decision to select a xerox data systems sigma 5 computer. major components of the oclc sigma 5 are the central processing unit (cpu), three banks of core memory with a total capacity of 48 thousand 32-bit words or 192 thousand 8-bit bytes, a high speed disk secondary memory, 10 disk-pack spindles with total capacity of 250,000,000 bytes plus two spare spindles, two magnetic tape drives, two multiplexor channels, five communications controllers, a card reader, card punch, and printer. the character code is ebcdic. figure 5 illustrates the sigma 5 configuration at oclc. in this configuration, the burden of operating communications does not fall on the cpu so that there is no requirement for "cycle stealing" that slows processing by a cpu. the lease cost to oclc of the equipment represented in figure 5 is $16,317 monthly. the listed monthly lease of the equipment is $21,421 from which an educational discount of 10 percent is deducted. (the remaining difference is due to a rebate because the original order included secondary shared cataloging system j kilgour, et al. 169 memory units that xds was to obtain from another manufacturer who proved incapable of supplying units that fulfilled specifications. hence, xds was forced to supply other memory units having a higher list price but has done so at a cost per bit of the units originally ordered.) the printer furnished with the sigma 5 does not provide the high-quality printing required for library use. at the present time, oclc prints catalog cards on an osu ibm 1403-n1 printer that without doubt provides the highest quality printing currently available from a line printer. however, oclc is designing an interface between a sigma 5 and an ibm 1403 memory bonk no. i --dolo ---control memory bonk no. 2 memory bonk no. 3 i i i --------------~ l i 1 r----------r sigma 5 cpu multiplexor opera! or's console cord punch magnetic tope units cord reader dolo bose disk bonk no. i doto bose disk bonk no. 2 _______ !j bus-shor in g 1---+----, mull iplexor fig. 5. xds sigma 5 configuration. 170 journal of library automation vol. 5/3 september, 1972 printer; xds is also developing a new type of printer that will provide high quality output. when the sigma 5 can produce quality printing, it will be fully qualified to be used for nodes in national networks. as has already been stated, the crt-type terminal was selected because of its ease of use. moreover, the simulation study confirmed that crt terminals would place far less burden on the central computer and therefore, for the oclc system, would make possible selection of a less expensive computer than would be required to drive typewriter terminals. although typewriter terminals cost less, the total cost could be higher for a system employing typewriter terminals than for one using crt's because of greater central computer expense. library requirements for a crt terminal are: 1) that the terminals have the capability of displaying upperand lower-case characters and diacritical marks; 2) that the image on the screen be highly legible and visible; 3) that the terminal possess a large repertoire of editing capabilities; and 4) that interaction with the central computer and files be simple and swift. system requirements were: 1) that the terminal accept and generate ascii code; 2) that it make minimal demands for message transmissions from and to the central site; 3) that it have the capability of operating with at least a score of other terminals on the same dedicated line; and 4) that its cost, including service at remote sites, be about $150 per month. data were collected on crt's produced by fifteen manufacturers, and three machines were identified as being prime candidates for selection. oclc carried out a trade-off study in which thirty-three characteristics were assessed for these three machines. one of the thirty-three (reliability) could not be judged for any of the three because none had yet reached the market. for the remaining characteristics, the irascope lte excelled or equaled the other two terminals for twenty-eight characteristics including all nineteen characteristics of importance to the oclc user. moreover, the irascope was outstandingly superior in its ability to perform continuous insertion of characters, line wrap-around during insertion of characters, repositioning of characters so that each line ends in a complete word, and full use of its memory. however, the irascope was the most expensive$175 a month as compared with $153 and $166. nevertheless, the irascope was selected because of its obvious superiority. pilot operation by library staffs has not produced complaints concerning visibility or operability; complaints during pilot operation have sprung from failures caused by a variety of bugs in telephone systems and a couple of bugs in the terminals that were subsequently exterminated. the number of terminals needed by a member library for shared cataloging was calculated on the assumption that six titles could be processed per terminal-hour. it was also assumed that a library might have only one staff member to use the terminal throughout the year. it was further assumed that as much as three months of the terminal operator's time would be lost to vacations, sick leave, and breaks. at the rate of six titles per terminal-hour shared cataloging system f kilgour, et al. 171 and with 2,000 working hours in a year, 12,000 titles would be processed annually assuming full-time use. since only nine months was assumed to be available, it was estimated that 9,000 titles would be processed at each terminal. in large libraries where there would be more than one staff member to operate a terminal, there would be three months of time available to do input cataloging, and since only a few libraries will be obtaining less than 75 percent of cataloging from the central system, it appears that a formula of one terminal for every 9,000 titles or fraction thereof cataloged annually would give each library sufficient terminal-hours. in actual operation, operators have been able to work at twice the assumed rate of six titles per terminal-hour so that there is reason to believe that these guidelines will provide adequate terminal capability. file organization the primary data that will enter the total system are bibliographic records, and since the system is being designed to conform to standards, the national standard for bibliographic interchange on magnetic tape ( 8) has been complied with in file design. in other words, the system can produce marc records from records in the oclc file format; more specifically, the system can regenerate marc ii records from oclc records derived originally from marc ii records, although an oclc record contains only 78 percent of the number of characters in the original marc ii record. similarly, the system can generate marc ii records from original cataloging input by member libraries. the simulation study clearly showed that bibliographic data would have to be accessed in the shortest possible time if the system were to avoid generating frustrating delays at the terminal. imitation of library manual files or of standard computer techniques for file searching would not provide sufficient efficiency. oclc, therefore, set about developing a file organization and an access method that would take advantage of the computation speeds of computers. oclc research on access methods has produced several reports ( 9,10,11) and has developed a technique for deriving truncated search keys that is efficient for retrieval of single entries from large files. these findings have been employed in the present system that contained over 600,000 catalog records in april1973, arranged in a sequential file on disks, and indexed by a library of congress card-number index, author-title index, and a title index. the research program on access methods did not, however, investigate methods for storing and retrieving records. research on file organization included experiments directed toward development of a file organization that would minimize processing time for retrieval of entries or for the discovery that an entry is not in the file. since the oclc system is designed for on-line entry of data into the data base, it was not possible to consider a physically sequential file for the index files. 172 ]ottmal of library automation vol. 5/ 3 september, 1972 the indexed sequential method of file organization obviates the data-entry obstacle posed by physical sequential organization, but is inefficient in operation. consequently, scatter storage was determined to be the best method for meeting the efficient file organization requirements of the system. the findings of the investigation have shown that very large files of bibliographic index entries organized by a scatter-store technique in which search keys are derived from the main entry can be made to operate very efficiently for on-line retrieval and at the same time be sparing of machine time even in those cases where requests are for entries not in the file ( 12). this research also produced two powerful mathematical tools for predicting retrieval behavior of such files, and a design technique for optimizing record blocking in such files so that, on the average, only one to two physical accesses to the file storage device are needed to retrieve the desired information. the files displayed in figure 1 are constructed by a single file-building program designed so that additional modules can be embedded in the program. the program accepts a bibliographic record, assigns an address for it in the main sequential file, and places the record at that address. having determined the bibliographic record address, the program next derives the author-title search key and constructs an author-title index file entry which contains the pointer to the bibliographic record. then the program produces an lc card number index entry and a title index entry, each of which contains the same pointer to the bibliographic record. when a bibliographic record is used for catalog card production, an entry is made in the holdings file. when the first holdings entry is made for a bibliographic record, a pointer to the holdings entry is placed in that record; the pointer to each subsequent holdings entry is placed in the previous holdings entry. an entry is made at the same time in the call number index containing a pointer to the holdings entry. this file organization operates with efficiency and economy. the files containing the large bibliographic records and their associated holdings information are sequential, and hence, are highly economical in disk space. the technique used ensures that only a low percentage of available disk area need be reserved for growth of these large sequential files. disk units can be added as needed. each fixed-length record in the scatter-store files is less than 3 percent of the size of an average bibliographic record, and since 25 percent to 50 percent of these files are unoccupied, the empty disk area is small because of the small record lengths. sequential files the bibliographic record file and holdings file are sequential files, the holdings file being a logical extension of the bibliographic record file. a record is loaded into a free position made available by deletion of a record or into the position following the last record. whenever a new version of a shared cataloging system/kilgour, et al. 173 record updates the version already in the file, the new record is placed in the same location as the old if it will fit; otherwise, it is placed at the end of the file and pointers in the indexes are changed. there is a third, small sequential file containing unique notes for specific copies, dash entries, and extra added entries. each bibliographic record contains the information in a marc ii record. each record also contains a 128-bit subrecord capable of listing up to 128 institutions that could hold the item described by the record. at the present time, only 49 of the 128 bits are used since there are 49 institutions participating in oclc. the record also includes pointers to entries in index files, so that the data base may be readily updated, and a pointer to the beginning of the list of holdings for the record. in addition, each record has a small directory for the construction of truncated author-title-date entries, which are displayed to allow a user to make a choice whenever a search key indexes two or more records. although each bibliographic record includes all information in a standard marc ii record, records in the bibliographic record file have been reduced to 78 percent of the size of the communication record largely by reducing redundancy in structural information. oclc intends to compress bibliographic records further by reducing redundancy in text by employing compression techniques similar to those described in the literature ( 13,14). the holdings file contains a string of holdings records for each bibliographic record; individual records are chained with pointers. information in each record includes identity of the holding institution and the holding library within the institution, a list of each physical item of multiple or partial holdings, the call number and pointers to the next record in the chain, and to the call number index. the last record in the chain also has a back-pointer to the associated bibliographic record. whenever there is a unique note, dash entry, or extra added entry coupled to a holding, that holding has a pointer to a location in the third sequential file in which the note or entry resides. index files indexes include an author-title index, a title index, and an lc card number index. research and development are under way leading to implementation of an author and added author index and a call number index. a class number index will be developed and implemented in the future. with the exception of the class number index, which by its nature is required to be a sequentially accessible file, the oclc indexes are scatter storage files. the construction of and access to a scatter storage file involves the calculation of a home address for the record and the resolution of the collisions that occur when two or more records have the same home address. the calculation of a home address comprises derivation of a search key from the record to be stored or retrieved and the hashing or randomizing of the key to obtain an integer, relative record address that is converted to a 174 journal of library automation vol. 5/3 september, 1972 storage home address. the findings of oclc research on search keys has been reported (9,10,11). the hashing procedure employs a pseudo-random number generator of the multiplicative type: home address= rem ( k x.jm) where k is the multiplier 65539, x,. is the binary numerical value of the search key, and m is the modulus which is set equal to the size of the index file; 'rem' denotes that only the remainder of the division on the right-hand side is used. philip l. long and his associates have shown that efficiency of a scatter storage file is rapidly degraded when the loading of the file exceeds 75 percent ( 12 ); therefore, oclc initially loads files at 50 percent of physical capacity. hence, the modulus is chosen to be twice th e size of initial number of records to be loaded. when 75 percent occupancy is reached a new modulus is chosen and the file is regenerated. collisions are resolved using the quadratic residue search method proposed by a. c. day ( 15) and shown to be efficient ( 12). in this method, a new location is calculated when the home address is full; the first new location has the value (home address 2), the second (home address 6 ), the third ( home address 12 ) and so on until an empty location is found if a record is being placed in the file, or the end of the entry chain is found if records are being retrieved. when the file size m is a prime having the form 4n + 3, where n is an integer, the entire file may be examined by 1n searches. retrieval techniques the retrieval of a record or records from the oclc data base is achieved in fractions of a second when a single request is put to the file, and rarely exceeds a second when queuing delays are introduced by simultaneous operation of upwards of 50 terminals. response time at the terminal is greater than these figures because of the low communication line data rate, but terminal response time rarely exceeds five seconds. figure 6 shows the map of a record in the author-title index file and the title file. in the author-title file, the search key is a 3,3 key with the first trigram being the first three characters of the author entry and the second being the first three characters of the first word of the title that is not an english article (9). for example, "str,cha" is the search key for b. h. streeter's the chained library. however, any or all of the characters in the trigrams may be all in lower case. the author-title index also indexes title-only entries, but the title index provides a more efficient access to this type of entry. the pointer in the record map in figure 6 is the address of the bibliographic record from which the search key was d erived. the entry chain indicator bit is set to 0 (zero) if there is another record in the entry chain and to 1 if the record is last in the chain. when this bit is 0, the search skips to the next record as calculated by day's skip algorithm. the shared cataloging systemjkilgour, et al. 175 bibliographic record presence indicator bit is set to 0 (zero) to indicate that the bibliographic record associated with this index entry has been deleted; it is set to 1 to indicate that the bibliographic record is present. an author-title search of the data base is initiated by transmission of a 3,3 key from a terminal. a message parser analyzes the message and identifies it as a 3,3 author-title search key by the presence of the comma and by there not being more than three characters on either side of that comma. next, the hashing algorithm calculates the home address and the location is checked for the presence of a record. if no record is present, a message is sent to the terminal stating that there is no entry for the key submitted and suggesting other action to be taken. if a record is present and its key matches the key submitted and if the entry-chain indicator bit signifies that the record at the home address is the only record in the chain, the bibliographic record which matches the key submitted is displayed on the terminal screen. if the entry-chain bit signifies that there are additional records in the chain, those records are located by use of the skip algorithm. if more than one record possesses the same key as that submitted, truncated author-titledate entries derived from the matching bibliographic records are displayed with consecutive numbering on the terminal screen. the user then indicates by number the entry containing information pertaining to the desired work, and the program displays the full bibliographic record. the title-index record has the same map as the author-title record and is depicted in figure 6. the title index is also constructed and searched in entry chain indicator bit 4 bytes bibliographic record pointer nometitle search key bibliographic record presence indicator bit bibliographic record pointer title search key fig. 6. author-1'itte and title index records. 8 bytes 176 ]ou,-nal of library automation vol. 5/ 3 september, 1972 the same manner as the author-title index. the title search key ( 3,1,1,1) consists of the first three characters of the first word of the title that is not an english article plus the initial character of each of the next three words. commas separate the characters derived from each word. the title search key is "cha,l," for b. h. streeter's the chained libmry, the three commas signifying that the message is a title search key. the bibliographic record pointer and the two indicator bits have the same function as in the authortitle record. figure 7 exhibits the map for a record in the lc card number index. the three left-most bytes in the lc card number section contain an alphabetic prefix to a number where this is present, or, more usually, three blanks when there is no alphabetic prefix. similarly the right-most byte contains a supplement number or is blank. the middle four bytes contain eight digits packed two digits to a byte after the digits to the right of the dash have been, when necessary, left-filled with zeroes to a total of six digits. the dash is then discarded. for example, lc card number 68-54216 would be 68054216 before being packed. the pointer and the two indicator bits have the same function as in the author-title index record. an lc card number search is started with the transmission of an lc card number as the request. the parser identifies the message as an lc card number search by determining that there is a dash in the string of characters and that there are numeric characters in the two positions immediately to the left of the dash. the remainder of the search procedure duplicates that for the author-title index. on-line programs as is the case with all routinely used oclc programs, the on-line programs are written in assembly language to achieve the utmost efficiency in processing. in addition, every effort has been made to design programs to run in the fastest possible time. in other words, one of the main goals of the oclc on-line operation is lowest possible cost. the simulation study had shown that it was necessary to modify the operating system of the xds sigma 5 so that the work area of the operating system would be identical with that of the applications programs. the xds real-time batch monitor, which is one of the operating systems furnished by xds for the sigma 5, has been extensively altered, and one of the alterations is the change to a single work area. another major change to the operating system was building into it the capability for multiprogramming. at the present time, the on-line foreground of the system operates two tasks in that two polling sequences are running simultaneously, and the background runs batch jobs at the same time. this new monitor is called the on-line bibliographic monitor ( obm). an extension of obm is named motherhood (mh); mh supervises the operation of the on-line programs. mh also keeps track of the activities of these programs and compiles statistics of these activities. in addition, mh shared cataloging systemjkilgovr, et al. 177 contains some utility programs such as the disk and terminal 1/0 routines. the principal on-line application program is catalog (cat); its functions are described in detail in the subsequent sections entitled cataloging with existing bibliographic information and input cataloging. in general, cat accepts requests from terminals, parses them to identify the type of request, and then takes appropriate action. if a request is for a bibliographic record, cat identifies it as such, and if there is only one bibliographic record in the reply, cat formats the record in one of its work area buffers and sends the formatted record to the terminal for display. if more than one record is in the reply, cat formats truncated records and puts them out for display. after a single bibliographic record has been displayed, cat modifies the computer memory image of the record in accordance with update requests from the terminal. for example, fields such as edition statement or subject headings may be deleted or altered, and new fields may be added. when the request is received from the terminal to produce catalog cards from the record as revised or unrevised, cat writes the current computer memory image of the record onto a tape to be used as input to the catalog card production programs. the catalog card production programs operate off-line, and the first processing program is convert ( cnvt), which formats some of the fields and call numbers. the major activity of cnvt is the latter, for libraries require a vast number of options to set up their call numbers for printing. cnvt also automatically places symbols used to indicate oversized books above, below, or within call numbers as required. format is the second program; it receives partially formatted records from cnvt. format expands each record into the total number of card images corresponding to the total cards required by the requesting library 4 bytes bibliographic record pointer lbibliogrophic 8 bytes lc cord number record presence indicator bit entry choin indicator bit fig. 7. library of congress card number index record. 178 ] ournal of libm1·y automation vol. 5/3 september, 1972 for each particular title. format determines this total from the number of tracings and pack definition tables previously submitted by the library that define the printing of formats of cards to go into each catalog. format, which is an extensive revision of expand, contains many options not found in the old off-line catalog card production system. format can set up a contents note on any particular card, and puts tracings at the bottom of a card when tracings are requested. the author entry normally occurs on the third line, but if a subject heading or added entry is two or more lines long, format moves the author entry down on the card so that a blank line separates the added entry from the author entry. in other words, each card is formatted individually. the major benefit of this feature, which allows the body of the catalog data to float up and down the card, is that the text on most cards can start high up on the card, thereby reducing the number of extension cards. the omission of tracings from added entry cards has a similar effect. table 1 presents the percentage of extension cards in a sample of 126,738 oclc cards for 18,182 titles produced for twenty-five or more libraries during a seventeen-day period, compared with extension cards in library of congress printed cards and in a sample of nelinet cards "for over 1,300 titles" ( 16). the table shows that the oclc mixture of cards with and without tracings and with the floating body of text yields about 10.8 percent more extension cards compared to library of congress printed cards. were libraries to restore the original meaning to the phrase "main entry" by printing tracings only on main entry cards, the percentage of extension cards in computer produced catalog cards printed six lines to the inch would probably be less than for lc cards. format also sets up a sort key for each record and a sort program sorts the card images by institution, library, catalog, and by entry or call number within each catalog pack. another program, build-print-tape (bpt), arranges the sorted images on tape so that cards are printed in consecutive order in two columns on two-up card stock. f inally, a print program prints the cards on an ibm 1403 n1 printer attached to an ibm 360/50 computer. cataloging with existing bibliographic information this section describes cataloging using a bibliographic record already in the central file; the next section, entitled input cataloging describes cataloging when there is no record in the system for the item being cataloged. the cataloger at the terminal first searches for an existing record, using the lc card number found on the verso of the title page or elsewhere. if the respon se is negative or if there is no card number available, the cataloger searches by title or by author and title using the 3,1,1,1 or 3,3 search keys respectively. if these searches are unproductive, the cataloger does input cataloging. when a search does produce a record, the cataloger reviews the record shared cataloging systemjkilgour, et al. 179 table 1. extension catalog card percentages number oclc lilnary of nell net of marc ii congress marc ii cards cards printed cards cards 1 77.2 87.8 79.9 2 18.9 10.0 16.7 3 2.5 1.6 2.5 4 1.1 .3 .6 5 .2 .2 .1 6 .1 .2 to see if it correctly describes the book at hand. if it is the correct record and if the library uses library of congress call numbers, the cataloger tra nsmits a request for card production by depressing two keys on the keyboard. cataloging is then complete. if the lc call number is not used, the cataloger constructs and keys in a new number and then transmits the produce-cards request. if the record does not describe the book as the cataloger wishes, the record may be edited . the cataloger may remove a field or element, such as a subject heading. information within a field may be changed by replacing existing characters, such as changing an imprint date by overtyping, by inserting characters, or by deleting characters. finally, a new field such as an additional subject heading may be added. when the editing process is complete, the cataloger can request that the record on the screen be reformatted according to the alterations. having reviewed the reformatted version, the cataloger may proceed to card production. when a cataloger has edited a record for card production, the alterations in the record are not made in the record in the bibliographic record file. rather, the changes are made only in the version of the record that is to be used for card production. the edited version of the record is retained in an archive file after catalog card production so that cards may be produced again from the same record for the same library, should the need arise in the future. the author index currently under development will enable a cataloger to determine the titles of works in the file by a given author. the call number index, also currently being developed, will make it possible for a cataloger to determine whether or not a call number has been used before in his library. the class number index that will be developed in the future will provide the capability of determining titles that have recently been placed under a given class number or, if none is under the number, the class number and titles on each side of the given number. liijjul cataloging input cataloging is undertaken when there is no bibliographic record in the file for the book at hand. to do input cataloging, the cataloger requests 180 ]ounwl of library automation vol. 5/3 september, 1972 that a work form be displayed on the screen (figure 8 ) . the cataloger then proceeds to fill in the work form by keyboarding the catalog data, and transmitting the data to the computer field by field as each is completed. a~ shown in figure 8, a paragraph mark terminates each field ; each dash is to be filled in by the cataloger for each field used. input cataloging may be original cataloging or may use cataloging data obtained from some source other than the oclc system. type: form: intel i vi: bib i lv i: 1t ~ t> 1-t> 2 24t> 3 250 t> 4 260t> 5 300 t> 6 4-t> 7 5-t> 8 6-t> 9 7-t> 10 8-t> i i 092 t> 12 049 -t> 13 590 fig. 8. workform for a dewe y library. lang: isbn card no: d ~ b c ~ 1t b c ~ b c ~ d 1t ~ -« d ~ 1t b-j 4[ 1t shared cataloging systemjkilgour, et al. 181 when the catalog data has been input, revised, and correctly displayed on the terminal screen, the cataloger requests catalog card production. in the case of new cataloging, not only are cards produced, but also the new record is added to the file and indexed so that it is available within seconds to other users. if a marc ii record for the same book is subsequently added to the file, it replaces the input-cataloging record but does not disturb the holdings information. union catalog each display of a bibliographic record contains a list of symbols for those member institutions that possess the title. in other words, the central file is also a union catalog of the holdings of oclc member libraries, although in the early months of operation these holdings data are very incomplete. nevertheless, they will approach completeness with the passage of time and with retrospective conversion of catalog data. titles cataloged during the operation of the off-line system have been included in the union catalog. the union catalog function is an important function of the shared cataloging system, for it makes available to students and faculties, through the increased information available to staff members, the resources of academic institutions throughout ohio. libraries also use the union catalog as a selection tool since they can dispense with expensive purchases of little-used materials residing in a neighboring library. members also use the file to obtain bibliographic data to be used in ordering. assessment with over nine hundred thousand holdings recorded in the union catalog as of april 1973, it is clear that having this type of information immediately at hand will greatly improve services to students and faculties. enlargement of holdings recorded will enhance the union-catalog value of the system. wright state university is in process of converting its holdings using the oclc system, and the ohio state university libraries-the largest collection in the state-has already converted its shelf list in truncated form. the osu holdings information will soon be available to oclc members. members using the oclc system report a large reduction in cataloging effort. two libraries using lc classification report that they are cataloging at a rate in excess of ten titles per terminal hour when cataloging already exists in the system. libraries using dewey classification are experiencing a somewhat lower rate. the original cost benefit studies were done on the basis of a calculated rate of six titles per hour for those books for which there were already cataloging data in the system. the net savings will be realized when the file has reached sufficient size to enable the largest libraries to locate records for 65 percent of their cataloging and for the smallest to find 95 percent. to reach this level, members collectively would have to use 182 journal of library automation vol. 5/3 september, 1972 existing bibliographic information to catalog 350,000 titles in the course of a year, or an average of approximately 1,460 titles for the total system per working day. it was thought that this rate would be attained by the end of the second year of operation. however, at the end of the first month of on-line operation, over a thousand titles per day were being cataloged. the new catalog card production programs operating on the sigma 5 are much more efficient than the programs used in the older off-line system. earlier in this paper it was reported that cost of the older programs to format catalog cards, but not to print them, was 2.27 cents per card. if costs of the sigma 5 are calculated at commercial rates, the new programs format cards at 2.21 cents per card. however, if actual costs to oclc are used and with the total cost being assigned to one shift, the cost of formatting each card becomes 0.86 cents. the total cost of producing catalog cards is, of course, much more than the cost to format them on a computer. nevertheless, either the 2.21 cents or 0.86 cents rate might serve as a criterion for measuring the efficiency of computerized catalog card production. the low terminal response-time delay for the operation of seventy terminals is a good gauge of the efficiency of the on-line system. in particular, the file organization is efficient, for it enables retrieval of a single entry swiftly from a file of over 600,000 records. moreover, no serious degradation in retrieval efficiency is expected to arise as the result of the growth of file size. the system operates from 7:00 a.m. to 7:00 p.m. on mondays through fridays, and at times the interval between system downtimes has exceeded a week. it is rare that the system will be down on successive days, and when a problem does occur, the system can be restored within a minute or two. moreover, when the system goes down, only two terminals will occasionally lose data, and most of the time, there is no loss of data. hence, it can be concluded that the hardware and software are highly reliable. in summary, it can be said that the oclc on-line shared cataloging system is easy to use, efficient, reliable, and cost beneficial. acknowledgments the research and development reported in this paper were partially supported by office of education contract no. oec-0-70-2209 ( 506), council on library resources grant no. clr-489, national agricultural library contract no. 12-03-01-5-70, and an l.s.c.a. title iii grant from the ohio state library board. references 1. ellen washy miller and b. j. hodges, "shawnee mission's on-line cataloging system," ]ola 4:13-26 (march 1971). shared cataloging systemjkilgour, et al. 183 2. john p . kennedy, "a local marc project : the georgia t ech library," in proceedings of th e 1968 clinic on library a pplications of data processing. (u rbana , ill.: university of illinois gradu ate school of library science, 1969 ) p . 199-215. 3. new england board of high er education, new england librm·y information netw01·k; final r ep01t on council on library resources grant #443. (feb. 1970 ). 4. charles t. payne and robert s. mcgee, the university of chicago bibliographic data processing system: documentation and report supplement, (chicago, ill. : university of chicago library, april1971). 5. judith hopkins, manual for oclc catalog card production (feb. 1971). 6. ohio college library center, pt·eliminary description of catalog cards produced from marc ii data (sept. 1969). 7. f. g. kilgour, "libraries-evolving, computerizing, personalizing," american libraries 3:141-47 ( feb. 1972). 8. american national standards institute, american national standard for bibliographic information interchange on magnetic tape (new york: american national standards institute, 1971 ). 9. f. g. kilgour, p. l. long, and e. b. l eiderman, "retrieval of bibliographic entries from a name-title catalog by use of truncated search keys," proceedings of the american society for information science 7:79-82 ( 1970 ). 10. f. g. kilgour, p. l. long, e. b. leiderman, and a. l. landgraf, "titleonly entries retrieved by use of truncated search keys," lola 4: 207-210 (dec. 1971 ) . 11. philip l. long, and f. g. kilgour, "a truncated search key title index," lola 5:17-20 ( mar. 1972). 12. p. l. long, k. b. l. rastogi, j. e. rush, and j. a. w yckoff, "large on-line files of bibliographic data : an efficient design and a mathematical predictor of re trieval behavior." ifip congress '71: ljubljana -aug ust 1971. ( amsterdam, north holland publishing co., 1971 ). bookle t ta-3, 145-149. 13. martin snyderman and bernard hunt, "the myriad virtues of text compaction," datamation 16:36-40 (dec. 1970). 14. w. d. schieb er and g. w. thomas, "an algorithm for compaction of alphanumeric data," lola 4 :198-206 (dec. 1970). 15. a. c. day, "full table quadratic searching for scatter storage," communications of the acm 13:481 (aug. 1970). 16. new england board of higher education, new england libmry in formation . .. , p. 100-101. college and research libraries the higher education act of 1965: at acrl's membership meeting in new york on july 13, three speakers-each from his own vantage point-discussed the meaning of the higher education act to the nation's academic libraries. germaine krettek, director of the ala washington office, began with a report on the background and status of the act. charles f. gosnell, director of libraries, new york university; everett t. moore, assistant librarian, university of california, los angeles; and helen m. a symposium welch, acquisitions librarian, university of illinois, spoke respectively on implications for library administration, reference service, and resources and technical services. maurice tauber, columbia university school of library service, summarized the speakers comments, and spoke on guidelines for preparation of grant requests, and implications for library education, and recommended future ala division activities. the higher education act of 1965: background, provisions, administration by germaine krettek at this possible three-quarters point in the second session of the eighty-ninth congress, senate committees are still considering several measures relating to the higher education act of 1965. the status of the proposed amendments and the appropriations is this: on may 13, six months after the higher education act of 1965 became law, president johnson signed the supplemental appropriations bill which provided limited funds to implement p.l. 89-329 for the fiscal year which ended june 30, for title ii -college lmrary assistance and lmrary training and research. ten million dollars was appropriated for part a-college library resources; $1 million for training of librarians; and $300,000 for the library of congress program of acquisition and cataloging of research materials. no appropriation was made for library research. facing a deadline of june 30, the library services division of the u.s. office of education did a remarkable job in getting the guidelines and regulations approved, necessary forms and information out to the approximately twenty-one hundred institutions, over nineteen hundred applications processed, and the checks totaling over $8 million mailed within the brief period of two weeks (sent out may 20-21; back by june 4). it was an almost round-the-clock operation. on the other side of the coin, colleges and universities did an equally fine job of getting their applications mailed in record time and we trust the eighteen hundred and ten institutions who received grants got their funds obligated by the end of june. on july 1, the new 1967 fiscal year began but appropriations are not yet available. this year, however, the president's budget included recommended amounts for all titles of hea and for all parts of title ii. the administration asked a total of $35.3 million for title ii. of this amount it is expected $25 million will be allocated for resources, $3.75 million for training, $3.55 million for research, and $3 million for the library of i 335 336 1 college & research libraries • september, 1966 congress acquisition program. the american library association testified at both house and senate hearings on the hew appropriations bill (h.r. 14745) and strongly urged the appropriation of the amounts authorized-$71,315,000 rather than $35.3 million. the house of representatives, however, has approved the budget recommendations. the senate appropriations committee has completed hearings but has not yet issued its report. according to sec. 205 (a) of the law, an advisory council on college library resources is to be established in the u.s. office of education, consisting of the commissioner as chairman, and eight members appointed by the commissioner with the approval of the secretary of hew. it is anticipated that president johnson shortly will announce the establishment of this council to advise the commissioner with respect to establishing criteria for making supplemental and special purpose grants. after the council is established, new guidelines and regulations will be drafted and promulgated. the commissioner is also authorized to appoint a special advisory committee of no more than nine members to advise him on matters of general policy concerning research and demonstration projects relating to the importance of libraries and the importance of training in librarianship. in connection with part b of title ii -library training and research, it should be kept in mind that this section provides for the training of all types of librarians. in relation to the training of school librarians, there is specific provision for the continuation of the school library institutes, which are included in title xi of the ndea, through the next fiscal period but thereafter will be funded under title ii, b. at this very hour, carolyn whitenack, associate professor of library science and audio-visual education, purdue university, and president-elect of aasl, 1s 1n washington testifying before the education subcommittee of the senate labor and public welfare committee on those aspects of the higher education amendments of 1966 which are of particular concern to libraries and librarians. some of the provisions of s. 3047 and h.r. 14644 that ala is supporting relate to facilities, the extension of title iii of rea-strengthening developing institutions, and a technical amendment to title ii, part a, to correct certain inequities in the maintenance-of-effort provisions in the program for college library resources. a statement concerning the importance of the school library institute program is also being stressed in her testimony. two other titles of the higher education act of 1965 have important implications for libraries which have been overlooked by some college librarians because of the emphasis on title ii. title v, part c, provides fellowships for recent college graduates and other college graduates who plan a career in elementary and secondary education. fifteen hundred and thirty of these prospective teacher fellowships have been awarded for study beginning in the 1966-67 academic year; seventy of these fellowships are in librarianship. a separate program exists for experienced teachers. another title with specific implications for college libraries is vi-financial assistance for the improvement of undergraduate instruction. audio-visual equipment for the college library is specified and in part b-faculty development programs, provision is included for the training of librarians in the use of educational media equipment. these are the highlights of the major portions of the higher education act of 1965. it is a landmark measure, and should do il_luch to improve college and university libraries if full advantage is taken of all titles. •• the higher education act of 1965 i 331 the promise for reference librarians by everett t. moore no words could please reference librarians more than those which appear in the higher education act of 1965 under the matter-of-fact heading of "strengthening college and research library resources." granted, this endeavor is not ordinarily considered to be the principal concern of reference librarians, if their responsibility continues to be that of assisting readers in using the resources that have been amassed and organized by many hands. but as we read the text of the act under this heading we find that appropriations are authorized therein to enable the commissioner of education to "transfer funds to the librarian of congress for the purpose of ( 1 ) acquiring, so far as possible, all library materials currently published throughout the world which are of value to scholarship; and ( 2) providing catalog information for these materials promptly after receipt, and distributing bibliographic information by printed cards and by other means, and enabling the library of congress to use for exchange and other purposes such of these materials as are not needed for its own collections." to reference librarians, this statement of intent in our federal statutes is full of promise. to acquire (so far as possible) "all library materials currently published throughout the world which are of value to scholarship" is an amazing objective in this age of exploding knowledge. we have, in these post-world-war-ii years, been adjusting ourselves to the fact that no single library, no matter what its resources and skills, can attempt a real measure of completeness in all the fields in which it professes interest. how far toward such a goal the provisiol! of federal fu~ds might be able to carry the library of congress-acting in the interests of all the research libraries of the nation -has not been calculated, for this is an incalculable matter. but the aim and purpose are noble, and all librarians would have to applaud the intent of the act. awareness of this broad and comprehensive program of acquisitions by the national library should give reference librarians throughout the nation a new sense of confidence in the ability of our libraries jointly to meet the requirements of scholarship in every field. even more practical and concrete is the promise of the next subsection of the act, in which it is specified that the library of congress shall be enabled to provide catalog information for these materials-"promptly after receipt" -and to "distribute bibliographic information" by printing catalog cards and other means, so that every library in the nation may thereby share in the benefits of this grandly conceived program of acquisitions. it is a fact well known to us all that at present the university libraries of the country can obtain library of congress catalog cards for only a little more than half of the books they acquire each year. increasingly they have had to resort to methods of organizing and recording many of their important acquisitions-including many vital foreign imprints-in economical but bibliographically inadequate fashion, in order to make them available for use. such minimal bibliographical control as the systems of single-entry listing in card catalogs which a number of libraries have adopted have had to be employed in lieu of the fuller cataloging we still believe in but must often forego, even for many of the books which need it most. promise, therefore, of a greatly extended program of centralized cataloging, to bring these essential materials of 338 1 college & research libraries • september, 1966 research under bibliographical control to an extent we had almost ceased to hope for, is important news indeed. this promise relates directly to the world of today. there is nothing complex about it, and every reference librarian can recognize the proposed measures as being simple extensions of present systems. greater efficiency in acquiring the materials of research and providing bibliographic information about them to all the research libraries in the nation are logical, natural steps toward a better utilization of our resources. not so direct and simple, but more far-reaching in their implications, are the provisions in that other section of the higher education act entitled "research and demonstrations relating to libraries and the training of library personnel." here it is specified that the commissioner of education is authorized to make grants "for research and demonstration projects relating to the improvement of libraries or the improvement of training ·in librarianship, including the development of new techniques, systems, and equipment for processing, storing, and distributing information, and for the dissemination of information derived from such research and demonstrations. . . ." this part of the act looks to research to help us develop new methods and techniques, new systems and equipment for better organizing information and making it available for use. "information," i judge, refers not only to the substance and content of scientific and technological knowledge, but to the body of bibliographical information which is the key to all literature and learning. the potentialities of the library applications of the new technology have been finely described by william dix in a recent article in university: a princeton quarterly. "at the national or regional level," he writes, "there will emerge networks which will bring the book resources of the nation under much greater control, providing much greater depth of indexing and subject analysis, available locally through computer-produced book catalogs or through machine-readable tapes or discs. more rapid and efficient dissemination of the product of the basic intellectual operation of cataloging, performed centrally, may come fairly soon. the actual storage of the intellectual content of books in computers and remote facsimile transmission of texts, while of course actually possible now on a small scale, seem to be fairly remote as regular library operations because of their costs."1 the promise of the research and demonstrations section of the act is one, therefore, of helping to bring such potentialities closer to realization. reference librarians look with anticipation to the development of library catalogs in machine-readable form, stored in memory devices, and capable of printing out selected portions on demand. to achieve such capability, libraries will of course have to work toward the standardization of bibliographical entries, so that information may be adapted to machine uses. hence the importance of the plan for greater centralization of cataloging in the library of congress. to serve the bedazzling variety of needs that are being created by interdisciplinary programs and area study centers, institutes for special studies, and joint research enterprises that are such important programs in many colleges and universities today, librarians may in many cases need to organize their services according to new patterns. the general reference librarian may give way in some situations to bibliographers or library specialists in a number of fields of interest: specialists who can work closely with scholars in providing information about library resources and in 1 william s. dix, "new challenges to university libraries," university: a princeton quarterly, no. 26 (fall 1965), 14. the higher education act of 1965 1 339 developing collections for research and study. to perform such services will require more complete, more detailed bibliographic information about every kind of material for research: ephemeral materials not in book form, magnetic tapes, technical reports, official and nonofficial documents. hence, again, the importance of greater, not less, attention to thorough and detailed cataloging and organization of materials. most of the new institutes and centers, as frederick wagman has observed, are "based on the premise that existing curricular and department organization, like library subject classification, has virtue and should not be abandoned, yet is inadequate to meet current research and instructional needs."2 the area studies, mr. wagman points out, "have a new orientation, demanding not only a high rate of current acquisition but significant retrospective resources in which the major libraries of the country have always been deficient."3 and, when the university organizes itself to cope with the problem of acquiring, organizing, and giving service on publications from an area of africa, or of asiatic or near eastern or east european countries, the staff member initially engaged is likely to be "charged with responsibility for selection, acquisition, cataloging, and reference-the last only if students and faculty can find his desk in either the cataloging or acquisitions departments. when additional professional staff can be provided, the functions of book selection and cataloging may be separated, and eventually a staff specialized in reference work may be employed."4 to meet the multifarious language needs for dealing with the publications which come in from all the less-familiar 2 frederick h. wagman, "the general research library and the area-studies programs," library quarterly, xxxv (october 1965}, 345. a ibid, p. 345. 4 ibid, p. 348. areas of the world we can only turn reasonably to programs of centralized acquisitions and cataloging. federal aid which will make this possible seems our only salvation. douglas bryant has noted that: .. as research more and more frequently crosses traditional lines and as scholars work more in groups and become peripatetic both physically .and intellectually, libraries must inevitably alter in significant ways if they are to continue to provide the means for teaching and research. the lawyer and the mathematician in a school of education, the psychiatrist in a divinity school, and the oceanographer recently become director of a center of population studies are going to approach their research in ways quite different from those of their colleagues who continue to work within the traditional framework of their subject fields. and their library requirements will be quite different."5 in the higher education act's provision for research and demonstration there is promise even in the vexing matter of interlibrary loans, for here are prospects for better bibliographic organization on a truly national basis. systems for facsimile transmission of rnaterial from one library to another, as they are ultimately developed, will need to utilize the best organized and standardized media for published bibliographic information that can be devised, so that both location of material and transmitting it for use by the scholar who needs it can be provided. our present chaotic procedures for locating and borrowing materials can only be relieved in this day of burgeoning research activity by utilizing new techniques and systems as they become available to us. certainly no functions or services of academic libraries will be more thoroughly affected by the fulfillment 6 douglas w. bryant, "university libraries and the future," library association record, lxviii (january 1966}, 7. . 340 i college & research libraries • september, 1966 of the higher education act's provisions than will those of the reference librarian. we have already glimpsed enough of the bibliographical world of the future to be impressed by the necessity of taking every advantage of the kind of investigation and planning that this act will make possible. • • implications for resources and technical services by helen m. welch it's great to be a librarian in 1966 even a technical services librarian! it's re~pect­ able, now that libraries are costing the federal government so much. education -including libraries-and wehare, they tell us, will be second only to national defense in the federal budget during fiscal year 1967.1 if you want to be profession-proud, browse in the four volumes which make up the senate and house committee hearings preceding the passage of public law 89-329. the set should be a bestseller for academic librarians. note the easy acceptance by the congressmen of the importance of libraries to this country, and consider that this is the result of a steady building process since the first major library bill in 1956. note the implied and sometimes explicit request to librarians for guidance on what is needed. note the gratitude expressed by both chairman morse and chairman green for the introduction by librarianwitnesses of the completely new proposal which became part c of title ii. and note senator morse's appreciative statements on edmon low and germaine krettek. it's all in the record. for technical service librarians, title ii, part c is much the most important part of the higher education act. it has several aspects that lift the heart. first of all, it's so short. only seventeen lovely lines out of a document of fifty-two pages! secondly, it establishes centralized cataloging-the thing we've wanted so much that we've even talked of pay1"news," library journal, xci (march j., 1966), 1184. ing for it ourselves! thirdly, it was inserted in the bill by members of our own profession and was welcomed by the congressional subcommittees working on the bill. it's pleasant to ask for something you need very much, to be granted that thing, and then to be thanked for asking for it. according to john cronin, the proposal had its beginnings in a meeting of the rtsd subcommittee on the national union catalog, held at lc in 1963. the committee's request that lc prepare alternative proposals for a centralized cataloging program led eventually to arl's creative use of the hearings on the higher education act to insert part c into title ii. the whole process can give us pride in our profession: the subcommittee's request; lc's response to it; the arl insertion into the hearings; the careful watching of the legislative process, and guidance through it by the ala washington office; and lc's masterly planning to implement the act. those of us who work in day-to-day operations, acquiring books and giving them bibliographic addresses in our collections, sometimes feel that the great powerhouse of research libraries which the association of research libraries represents is pretty far removed from ~ur operation~, that the head of a large library doesn t recognize the desperate flailing of the arms as we try to keep from going under for the last time in the flood of materials which come to us in ever increasing waves. but it was arl which set up a committee on · shared cataloging and in 1964 voted unanimously to give its highest priority to the higher education act of 1965 i 341 "developing a program for decreasing the amount of original cataloging." and it was chairman william dix of the committee who with great skill inserted centralized cataloging into the act. at the hearings, chairman green of the special subcommittee on education of the house committee on education and labor called the proposal "perhaps more significant than any part covered in the bill."2 chairman dix was abetted by other heads of libraries and by executive secretary jim skipper, whose library career from acquisitions to technical service head to university librarian had familiarized him with the problem and made him see it as a basic one which would have to be solved if liqraries were to meet their increasing responsibilities, and who was determined that the problem would be solved. (we're not fools. last midwinter rtsd made the arl executive secretary an ex officio permanent member of its planning committee.) librarians must see that centralized cataloging is continued beyond the original five years authorized by the act. first, we must do all we can to make it work and to show better services and savings as a result of it. second, we must be ready when the ala washington office warns us to speak and write to those who will decide its future. lack of full initial funding for fiscal year 1966 has already reduced the proving period to four years. lc implementation plans let me remind you now of the library of congress plans to implement centralized cataloging and the acquiring, so far as possible, of "all library materials currently published throughout the world which are of value to scholar2 u.s. congress, house special subcommittee on education of the committee on education and labor, higher education act, hearings, 88 cong., 1st sess. (washington, gpo, 1965), p. 368. ship."3 the main emphasis of the program at the outset is on foreign publications, omitting periodicals and nonbook materials. with these exceptions, lc is attempting to secure all significant titles published with imprint date 1966 and later and all titles listed in 1966 issues of current foreign national bibliographies regardless of imprint date. close working arrangements with the publishers of national bibliographies provide early acquisition of new titles, which are delivered by air mail. acceptance of the bibliographic descriptions in the national bibliographies for descriptive cataloging copy provides swift cataloging of each title. in countries where the book trade is not well organized and there are no national bibliographies, lc is expanding its already existing purchase arrangements, sometimes adding an agent in the field. to insure against loopholes in its acquisition arrangements, lc duplicates orders made by libraries in this country, such as: 1) blanket orders of several libraries with foreign book dealers; 2) farmington plan receipts; and 3) all series on continuation order in reporting libraries. · coordinated acquisition controls, consisting of a depository file of lc catalog cards for current imprints, are sent to cooperating libraries, i.e., all arl members and other interested libraries, and offer both early distribution of cataloging copy and a means of notifying libraries which titles have already been cataloged. titles ordered by cooperating libraries and not found in the control file are reported to lc, so that early acquisition and cataloging can be arranged. implications of title ii-c what are the implications of these lc arrangements for technical services? in cooperating libraries all orders for 1966 and later imprints must be searched in 3 u.s. congress, higher education act of 1965, public law 89-329, november 8, 1965, p. 10. 3421 college & research libraries • september, 1966 the control file and procedures must include some satisfactory way of reporting to lc those titles not found. the chance of finding most monographs proposed for order-whether foreign or domestic imprints-are excellent, and the bibliographic information on the catalog card is complete, including price and bibliographic citation. noncooperating libraries can gain the same information in the published national union catalog. the increasing completeness of this prompt record should greatly reduce the amount of time now spent in bibliographic verification during the order process. title ii-c benefits all libraries, but, like a tax cut, it benefits the large operation more than the small. earlier and more inclusive supplying of cataloging copy is, of course, its prime objective, and it is hoped that, in place of the approximately 50 per cent availability of needed catalog copy reported under various studies made last year, eventually more than 90 per cent will be available under the new procedures. the ltc cards provided for the depository control file can be used either for card reproduction or for ordering lc cards by number. although initially this lc catalog copy comes in card form, it may be provided in machine-readable copy later. both major cooperative acquisitions projects-the farmington plan and the pl 480 program-will probably be affected by the new program. farmington plan participants will continue to receive publications under their assignments but will no longer be responsible for cataloging them. this change will keep the better part and drop the worse, since as the plan worked out, it sometimes seemed to insure late cataloging of those titles received under it. participants in the pl 480 program may be able to reduce their substantial annual contributions for the cooperative cataloging of pl 480 receipts. with the gradual reduction of cataloging duplication in libraries across the country and the concenb·ation of standard cataloging in the library of congress, we can expect a high quality of cataloging, both in relation to materials which present difficulties because of format or language and in relation to fullness of description and added entries. standardization those who now modify lc catalog cards will have greater need to justify such activity when centralized cataloging is fully implemented. a greater number of hours will be going into this activity than before, and savings for such libraries will be less than for those li..: braries which accept all elements on the card. when lc cataloging copy is delivered in machine form, even more ingenuity will be required to justify a tailoring of the copy, since it is more costly to change the machine record than to make a modification manually. both centralized cataloging and automation, then, are forcing libraries toward standardization. in time the modification of catalog copy to fit local conditions may come to seem as impractical and unwarranted as it would be to tailor subject headings in periodical indexes to bring them closer to local needs. subject headings used in periodical indexes are accepted as they are received-and gratefully. the prospect of a foreseeable future in which lc will supply machinereadable cataloging copy almost as soon as a title is published makes the locally tailored catalog seem an indefensible luxury, particularly when, in the far distant future, the great collections at the library of congress are open to inspection through on-line computer access, and the advantage is apparent of being able to approach both the home collection and the lc collection through the same avenues. the higher education act of 1965 i 343 acquisition -cataloging balance the new lc acquisition-cataloging program under title ii-c invites those libraries which have not achieved a balanced acquisition-cataloging program, i.e., one in which each year's acquisitions are processed for use during the year of receipt, to make again the effort to put the year's program on balance and to move toward reducing arrearages. the goal is to subdue bibliographically all the publications which the library needs and can afford to acquire. in general, those libraries which have solved the problem have done so by being content with modest collections. those which have not solved the problem have generally tried to build substantial collections and have created cataloging backlogs. the latter practice of taking collections while they are available and hoping to catch up one day might be said to have been reduced to an absurdity by one university library which last year spent close to four million dollars on its acquisition program, of which less than 1 per cent went for binding, compared to the average 10 per cent binding expenditure in the libraries listed in the arl «academic library statistics." the same library spent 20 per cent of its total operating budget for staff salaries and wages compared to an average 57 per cent for all libraries reporting. with centralized cataloging opening up the possibility of processing so many more titles, a balanced operation with a respectable acquisition program begins to seem possible. more extensive use of standing orders for current publications offers dividends in decreased processing costs. blanket order titles arriving in the library with no records yet made can be matched with the catalog card in the control file, cards can be reproduced within the library, and volumes marked for the shelves with none of the intermediate records which add to processing expenses but which in the end produce nothing of permanent value for the collection. serials the forgotten people in all of this, as in the past, are the serials librarians, particularly the serials catalogers. the library of congress does not catalog new periodical titles until the first volume is complete. in addition, lc has considerable arrearages among its serials awaiting cataloging. the decision to omit periodical titles from the initial stages of centralized cataloging was a practical one, but it seems to put the serials librarians and users even further from the promised land. whether a proposed proofsheet service, including all titles listed in new serial titles with lc classification numbers provided, can give serials operations some relief is yet to be seen. resources part a of title ii, directed toward increasing college library resources, is commendably broad in its interpretation of «library materials." for small college libraries, the basic grant of $5,000 may represent a significant increase in book budget, and supplemental grants to fill demonstrated special needs for additional library resources may be even more significant. for libraries already large and well supported, the $5,000 basic grant and supplemental grants are most welcome, and the _ assistance to smaller libraries might also be thought of as aiding large libraries by reducing requests for interlibrary loans and photographic reproductions. actually, i suspect that the more resources a small collection offers, the more titles scholars can identify to request. the special purpose grants of title ii and funds provided in title iii to strengthen developing institutions both point toward interinstitutional projects, 344 1 college & research libraries • september, 1966 either the consortium to develop common programs, or the partnership of an established and a developing institution, to offer a helping hand. in the area of resources, such cooperative programs not only stretch library funds, but also stretch the dwindling supply of older books in the open market. perhaps the greatest boost in resources growing out of the higher education act will be the aid to libraries in catching up with their cataloging backlogs and thus making bibliographically available those resource's which are presently hidden. demonstrations part b of title ii offers the possibility of providing demonstrations of wellplanned technical services departments employing the best available tooling, a project which rtsd executive secretary elizabeth rodell has been advocating for some time. for the host library of such a project, able to create a model operation with adequate financial resources, how exciting an opportunity! for the questioning technical service librarian, how useful to be able to see in operation well-designed and wellequipped procedures! some libraries have been asked to assume a large portion of the burden of entertaining visitors with no regular outside support. staff shortages in the matter of available staff to process our collections, the act offers several vectors pulling in different directions. we can hope they will add up to a state of equilibrium. title 11-b aids in training more librarians; title 11-c, by offering centralized cataloging, reduces the number of catalogers needed across the country; title 11-a, with its funds to increase library purchasing power, implies increased needs for processing personnel; and the act as a whole, with its splendid infusion of energy into higher education, suggests more bodies moving busily among the book trucks, the bibliographies, the catalogs, and/or the magnetic tapes. international implications the library of congress, in its excellent plans to carry out the intent of title 11-c, has pointed out the bridge it offers to greater international cooperation in cataloging. lc proposes, you will remember, to use for cataloging purposes the descriptions offered by the national bibliographies of practically all european countries. only the form and choice of main and secondary entries are adjusted. too often u.s. foreign programs start with the assumption that our way is best, and cooperation means that the foreign country changes to conform to our way. the lc report, following its close scrutiny of the national bibliographies, showed that the title description used in national bibliographies is equivalent to or fuller than the present lc standard as established in the lc rules for descriptive cataloging. recognition of the good bibliographic standards of other countries and acceptance of the work produced under those standards offers a long stride toward international cooperation in cataloging. thus the suggestion of an anonymous englishman, made in 1876, even before ralph ellsworth's efforts in the forties to centralize cataloging, may now be taken up. edward holley reports in his 'forthcoming book on the organizational meeting of the american library association in 1876 that an ex-librarian writing anonymously in the academy (london) on march 18, 1876, observed: when i was a librarian myself, i always wondered at the extraordinary waste of power in cataloguing new books. while i was· writing iny slip, according to the rules followed in most english libraries, i felt that there were probably a hundred people doing exactly the same work which i was doing, not only in england, but in every civilised country of the world. yet what would be easier than to have the higher education act of 1965 i 345 my slip printed, and any number of copies sent round by book-post to every library in europe. with a little arrangement, every english book might be catalogued at the british museum, every french book at the bibliotheque n ationale, every german book at the royal library at berlin, every russian book at st. petersburg, &c. at a trifling expense these printed slips might be sent to every small or large library, and each of them might have three or four kinds of catalogues-an alphabetical catalogue of the authors, a chronological catalogue, a local catalogue, a catalogue classified according to subjects, &c. even when a by charles f. gosnell although i have not been asked to be brief, my remarks will be. anything that brings in new and usable money-to an administrator-is certainly good. the implication of my assignment, given months ago, was that there were or would be many problems to which we should give deep thought and attention. my paper was to be submitted many months ago, so that day after tomorrow, you might read again what you hear here today. i objected to that time schedule for two reasons. one was that things might happen between the deadline for the paper and today. i did not want to be in the position of throwing overboard what had been written months ago, and what would be published next week, for something really worthwhile today. as you all know we did get the money like lightning, just two weeks ago. the administrator is supposed to be a problem solver. last march, as far as i was concerned, the only problem was that we did not have any problems. there was a law, but there was no money, no rules and regulations, no blanks to fill out. i felt like an ms student at columbia library school of years ago, trying to get a thesis subject approved. the problem was to find a good library is too poor to buy a book, the slip might be useful in its catalogue. the saving that might thus be effected would be very considerable. the staff of librarians might be greatly reduced, and the enormous expense now incurred for catalogues, and mostly imperfect catalogues, would dwindle down to a mere nothing. perhaps one hundred years later, in 1976, the anonymous ex-librarian's rational suggestion may well be a reality. •• from the point of view of library administration problem. my only problem was to explain to my president why we were not doing anything-no money. it is characteristic nowadays for the federal government to take off with grandiose plans, to pass ambitious enabling legislation-to please everybodyand then fail to provide any money. what problem we had was a political · one. it was handled admirably by our ala washington office and by our college and university presidents: by now you may suspect that i had some skepticism about this program. i did. i still do, but not as much. it got off to a good start in the best bureau .. cratic fashion, there were regional meetings to explain everything to everybody. of course the real details could not be explained, because there were none. and nobody knew when, if ever, there would be any money. when it began to look as though we might get the five thousand dollar basic grant, i ventured the opinion that .it might take some $5,000 in administrative time and effort to gather data, fill out forms, etc., to get the $5,000. that often happens, particularly in a large and efficient organization. hut i was wrong. we studied the provisions of the law, and tried to guess what we would have to do. fortunately, we did not work too hard at it. 346 1 college & research libraries • september, 1966 on may 13 the president signed the supplemental appropriation bill. within two weeks we had the application forms. miraculously these forms were unusually simple. a few names and addresses were asked for, a few boxes to be checked, and eight simple financial figures which any well administered library should have on hand anyway. the form was quickly filled in (seven copies, to be sure) and within another two weeks the approval came. what could be simpler? paxton price and his associates deserve a hearty, ''well done!" i objected to an assignment which implied that i should indulge in prophecy and pontification, rather than comment on real facts and definite situations, but now i shall proceed to do the armchair bit. i am in the position of the fellow who began by saying, "before i begin my speech i have something important to say." i have said it, and now i shall take off into the wild blue yonder. getting money from the federal government has become a profession in itself. washington is full of experts, who, for a fat fee, will help you get federal money. the federal bureaucracy has created conditions where these experts can flourish. the basic fallacy is that the government tries to treat everybody exactly alike. there is almost infinite accountability. but no two people or institutions are exactly alike. the professionals are the people who can take unlikes and make them look like the very model which the legislators had in mind. they take rugged individuals and dress them in plausible uniforms to qualify for the handouts. soon after the higher education act of 1965 ·was passed and the regional meetings were held, new york u niversity took formal administrative action and designated its director of libraries to be coordinator of the university by program for title ii. other coordinators were appointed for other sections corresponding to their respective official concerns. this only demonstrates that nyu is an old hand at getting federal money, and has an effective operating procedure. on december 15 the director of libraries made a report to the administrative council of the university outlining the legislation, its background, and its purpose. being an administrator he immediately began to try to figure out how much money would be available and when. under maximum terms nyu might hope to get as much as a quarter-million dollars; so far, we have received ten thousand. we do not have a library school and i cannot presume to speak on that aspect. spending the basic grant, for a large institution, even in a hurry, is no problem. spending the quarter million will take a little more effort-and we will have to wait for the appropriation and the guidelines. for the very small institutions the basic grant may be a relatively large sum, and may even involve difficulty in matching. but with a little planning ahead, this should not be a serious problem. for large and small alike any help to the library of congress for centralized cataloging should be no problem, but a great benefit. on its face, section 203, "supplemental grants" does not look too difficult, especially if the guidelines follow the path marked in may 1966. section 204, "special purpose grants" looks more tricky, and i hesitate to let my imagination run wild to conjure up the flights of fancy that might be proposed :s eligible for "special purpose grants. section 205 provides for an advisory council to advise the commission on supplemental and special purpose grants. this seems to be a very good idea. at this time there has been no appropriathe higher education act of 1965 i 347 tion for these purposes, and i have no information that the committee has been appointed. section 206 provides for nonaccredited institutions on a provisional basis. this is in line with what seems to be the underlying philosophy of the act, "a little something for everybody." section 207 bars use of grants to buy material for religious purposes. section 208 represents a passing nod to the agencies responsible for higher education in the several states. this administrator concludes that so far, at least, the act has posed no serious problems. some of the later sections will necessarily be a little more difficult to handle, and may contain "sleepers." more generous appropriations are needed to make the act really effective. a continuation of the present policy of the department of health, education and welfare will certainly be welcome. •• guidelines for the preparation of grant requests, and implications for library education and ala divisions by maurice f. tauber when miss brown wrote to me some time ago, she told me that my responsibility was to summarize the other papers that would be presented by miss krettek, dr. gosnell, mr. moore, and miss welch. i was to single out those areas of concern that our membership should be aware of, if the greatest advantages are to be made of the sections of the higher education act (public law 89-329), affecting libraries. this did not seem to be an impossible assignment, unless the participants failed to write papers. i did not think there would be any trouble from this angle. i was wrong in at least one instance, and in another i received the paper monday afternoon. dr. gosnell has indicated the reason why he delayed writing his paper. i think he thought if he waited long enough he might not have to write it at all. my assignment, however, when the first supplement of college and research libraries appeared in may listing the program, had been enlarged to the following: .. guidelines for the preparation of grant requests, including a summary of the working papers (those presented to you), implications for library education, and recommendations for future ala divisional activities." thus, i have a wide range of targets, and if i miss any or all of them it is not because i have not been given the chance to shoot. within the framework of some facts, and also some fancy or speculation, i will try to summarize the points made in the papers, suggest guidelines, so far as i can, for the preparation of grant requests, discuss library education and research, and to indicate general implications for acrl and other ala divisions. background and administration the points made by miss krettek, as always, are to be the heart of the matter. the act has been described, and the extent of the potential aid to libraries analyzed. miss krettek and mr. low, too, must be praised again and again for the wording of the statements regarding the library assistance, because it is quite obvious that librarians have been given every opportunity to utilize the available funds in direct relation to their problems. both of them, i understand, had much to do with the eventual wording. the various librarians who have gone to washington to support the legislation should also be thanked for their aid. 348 1 college & research libraries • september, 1966 the actual relationship of the sections of the act to administration, reference services, and the technical services, as well as to personnel and training, has been spelled out in the several comments of the preceding speakers. points may be made on some of these comments. dr. gosnell has directed his attention to the fact that the library (and library school, too) will need to have considerable organization of talent familiar with governmental procedure if the institution is to obtain the funds desired for a particular project. know-how and ability to follow through .are implicit, and anyone familiar with a government contract realizes that the operations may be tedious in some situations. dr. gosnell has indicated that in this case, however, there has been an effort to make applications for funds simple, and it is hoped that this simplicity will speed up decisions by review groups so that the funds will be quickly forthcoming and applied to the projects outlined. as a matter of fact, our office of education has done a remarkable job in their speed, and has caught some libraries and library schools unprepared. at new york university the administration decided that the library would be the coordinator of the ~atters relating to the act. this is a satisfactory pattern in an institution which has had a decentralized policy in regard to such requests. in some institutions, it may be somewhat more complex, particularly if there is a centralized control. whatever the pattern is, however, it is quite clear that there is an essential series of steps, related to many forms that are to be filled out, and records kept, for any funds provided for programs under the act. mr. moore, as a reference librarian, :has singled out those aspects of the act which may have implications for the reference services of libraries. he has called attention to the development of resources, and the introduction of procedures to make these resources bibliographically available on a wider scale than most of us dared hope for in recent years. those of you who attended the university libraries section of acrl-rtsd joint meeting monday evening will recall the observations made by the various speakers on the potential for developing collections at the library of congress and for cataloging them quickly for library use. mr. skipper particularly pointed out that there appeared to be no limit to the opportunity, if the personnel were available for the task. this was also supported by mr. cronin in his remarks. mr. moore could not avoid emphasizing the need for sufficient and qualified personnel, as it is obvious that funds available could not be properly expanded unless staff could handle the obligations that the funds bring. shortage of personnel, of course, is coupled naturally with inadequacies in operations, equipment, and technology. the need for research in technique, systems .analysis, and national outlook are therefore cited. an important point, to which i will refer later, made by mr. moore is to the promise of research and demonstration. miss welch, of course, had a wide opportunity in regard to the implications for technical services. the act is quite broad in respect to this field of libr.arianship, and her comments on centralized cataloging, the library of congress potential, cooperative acquisitional programs, standardization, automation, serials, resources, personnel shortages, demonstrations, and international implications do not need to be repeated here. it may be said that they interweave with the comments by mr. moore, and give strength to the observation that the reference services are supported by effective technical services. it is important to recognize a most significant ingredient in the acquisithe higher education act of 1965 i 349 tions aspect of the higher education act. resources in libraries have been developed by librarians but only in concert with bookdealers and other individuals concerned with the production of books such as publishers of all kinds and now, especially, reprint publishers. the markets for books are expanding rapidly, and stocks of older works are diminishing. bookdealers and publishers all over the world will be put upon not only by the act in terms of both acquisitions and cataloging but also by the greater demands which new or embryonic libraries will place upon them. the importance of streamlining acquisitions operations to help bookdealers is obvious. the effectiveness, energy, and interest of bookdealers in carrying out the implications of the act are obviously of paramount importance. fortunately, american bookdealers as a group have been friends of american libraries, and i feel certain that they will accept (they are even already in the middle of it, including wholesalers and general trade book sellers) the pressures that are involved in helping libraries develop their collections wisely. i understand that the library of congress, in its activities under the act, is to use stevens and brown in london, stechert-hafner in paris, and harrassowitz in wiesbaden. dealers in scandinavia, spain, and latin-america will also be used for this purpose. the library of congress has recognized the need for strong personnel in the various parts of the world from which it will seek its literature, and it is obvious that these people will be given full financial and other support to make the job as efficient as possible. in latin-america the library of congress will establish lines of supply similar to those in europe, and work on the success of the latin-american cooperative acquisition progr.am (lacap, as it is called) in its acquisitions program. publishers similarly will be called upon to reprint many titles which have not been available to· small and growing libraries. · guidelines for preparing projecr requests at new york university, if dr. gosnell made his point, the procedures for requesting funds are well established. undoubtedly, this is a pattern in other institutions. at columbia university, for example, the office ot contracts and grants takes an intensive part in the preparing of request applications, and making certain that all elements involved in the request are included. requests for funds for resources and construction are relatively simple. requests for research require somewhat more detail. these requests follow a form of presentation, and contain not only a clear-cut delineation of the proposal but also a well-workedout design, a precise statement of methodology, discussion of any possible builtin evaluative approaches, related studies (if a research project is intended), personnel descriptions, and an extended budget to show how the funds are to be used. time schedules are always included, and should be marked out as carefully as possible, as many studies have been underestimated in terms of months or years needed. overhead, of course, is always included, and may be as high as 20 per cent, and if on personnel basis only, as high as 30 per cent. indeed, the directions for filling out forms are rather direct and specific. despite the clarity, however, as has been noted by miss krettek and others concerned, the institutions that have no special office for contracts and grants may be at a disadvantage in competition with the larger institutions which specialize in obtaining government funds. one can only say that every institution that is interested in obtaining such help should have staff members trained in developing such requests; if not, they should acquire such personnel by train350 1 college & research libraries • september, 1966 ing individuals to do this work. the various agencies, such as the american council on education, for example, have issued bulletins to help institutions, and the april issue of special report on federal programs, of the american council on education, is entitled, "the college equipment grant program," which discussed title vi of the higher education act, which is "to improve the quality of the classroom." although we have in library service miss krettek' s excellent reporting on what is going on in washington, and how to take advantage of developments in legislation that affect libraries, it may be said that in education there appears to be a more direct assembling of related activities in this publication. perhaps this is something that may be done by ala for the smaller libraries, or the individual librarian who may not be aware of the developments and procedures. indeed, it may not be too late to issue as quickly as possible a handbook for preparing project requests for government awards and contracts. titles i, iv, vi mentioned by miss krettek are examples of an area that might be included. individual institutional requests for awards relating to building construction, teaching awards, or demonstrations of various kinds follow a pattern that has been related to forms and instructions for filling them out. as a reviewer for the office of education, and as a consultant in research proposals, i have seen many of these as they come in for examination and decision. the ones that receive high priority follow the stipulations set forth, and make sure that no single element in the series of requirements is omitted. at this point, it may be worthwhile to refer to the general program of research and demonstration that the office of education is concerned with in title ii of the higher education act. at a meeting of various individuals (librarians, library school educators, and representatives of library associations ) in washington in march 1966, which i was given the privilege to attend, there was a discussion of ( 1) title ii with emphasis on library research, ( 2) the provisions of title ii, part b, and plans for program administration, ( 3) considerations that are required for implementation of the program, ( 4) policy decisions that are related to making the program most effective, ( 5) considerations of writing of the guidelines for library research programs, and ( 6) developments of priorities in research, and specification of research criteria. at this meeting, which was directed by lee burchinal, who is acting director of the division for research training and dissemination of the office of education, it may be said that the effort has been so to structure the program as to make it easy to submit proposals. the review of title ii, part b, particularly section 223, dealing with grants for training in librarianship, and section 224, concerned with research and demonstrations relating to libraries and the training of library personnel, and specification of review criteria was particularly useful to all members present. the following comments may be made about this meeting that are relevant to the progress of the relation of libraries and library schools to the higher education act. it was pointed out that there would be $103 million for research for education generally, and that part of the total allotted to library service could be applied on every level from elementary education to post-graduate training. the character of the program in research is worth special comment, as some of you may not be familiar with the types of programs that are available. they are as follows: 1. small grant program. this program includes studies with a grant of from $7,500 (minimum usually) to $9,000, which would be primarily on an eighteen-month basis, and which may the higher education act of 1965 i 351 be more useful even on a shotter period. these grants would be of the kind that might be particularly applicable to doctoral students in library schools. 2. regular projects. these are those projects that may be carried on over a period of two to three years, and would go up to several more thousands of dollars over the small grant projects, if such funds are necessary. 3. program support. this concept is directed to the support of an individual who has demonstrated capacity and has issued reports that relate directly to proposals. on the basis of past achievement, grants are given to such individuals for exploration of given areas. there is no set limit for funds, although there is tendency to limit grants to the periods involveq. 4. research and development program. this type of program involves the establishment of nine centers throughout the country, and would require interested institutions to match funds and make a substantial investment in carrying out the project. large scale library projects are possible here. 5. regional laboratory program. this is the largest effort applied to educational research, and is supported up to the needs of the project, and within the framework of the funds available to the office of education. it is not likely that libraries will be involved but it also is not impossible in terms of a major cooperative project. at our meeting, the process for reviewing proposals was discussed in some detail. it was indicated that in the past some time would elapse between the submission of a proposal, and the decision on it. it was estimated at that time that it would be about three months. it was hoped that this would be reduced to eight weeks. this period would depend on the cooperation of consultants and readers in the field. the group made an effort to list areas of present concern, and to indicate the relationship of the u.s. office of education projects being received to those being considered by ala (library technology program with its office of research and development), national science foundation, air force office of research and development, national institutes of health and various other separate agencies of the government in-:cluding maj0r national libraries (library of congress, national library of medicine, national library of agriculture), and the new committee on science and technology located at the national academy of science (f. j. weyle, executive director) ; this was an outgrowth of the work of committee on science and technical information ( cosati). it was also pointed out that eric ( educational information research center), established at the office of education, with related centers distributed at other institutions, would be in a position to coordinate research activities, and to eliminate overlapping or duplicate re-: search. it was apparent that any research program in librarianship would need to examine priorities in the field. after various plans or analysis of the field, the following rubrics appeared to represent a consensus of the group: 1. values of librarianship, including studies of users, uses, goals of services, and social utility. 2. intellectual problems, involving bibliographic control, cataloging, classification, indexing, abstracting, and data processing and retrieval. 3. systems analysis and planning, including allocation of resources, national responsibilities, and placement of men and machines. 4. operations, involving mechanization, accounting, access to materials, and utilization of manpower. 5. social and professional issues, including education of librarians, librianship as a profession, and the pro/ 352 1 college & research libraries • september, 1966 gressive development of various types of libraries. 6. resources and preservation, including the building of collections on a national basis, and caring for them in ways that we have not done in the past. these areas are not new; they have been discussed in the literature of library service generally, as well as in library education. verner clapp includes them in his «problems for research" in the future of the research library, issued last year by the university of illinois. implications for lmrary enucation the preceding comments are directed at the problem of education for librarianship. i need not dwell on shortages in various areas of library service ( and especially the serious gap in providing cataloging personnel, and personnel with some knowledge of automation). the development of new library schools in all parts of the country has raised the additional problem of staffing with teaching personnel. the higher education act is concerned with developing personnel in these areas. the need to inform all library schools of the implications of the act is the basis for this meeting this morning, if any needed such information. the issuance of rep~>rts and papers on the act, however, might be supplanted by the brochure suggested earlier, which would also include an explanation to all those in library education, of opportunities under various parts of the act and related acts. miss krettek has been trying to do this, and has done a remarkable piece of work, but the issuance of such an analytical bulletin, with instructions for procedure, might be of especial help to those libraries or institutions where there is not a mighty contracts and grants office. in all library schools of any size, there should be an interest in obtaining funds available for improvement of the teaching personnel in the profession; announcements of advanced and doctoral study were made in may 1966. a large number of schools have been awarded grants for either advanced study or doctoral programs, with the expectation that many of these people (and it is going to be rough to recruit suitable personnel) will go into teaching. the $3,550,000 available for research should be the basis for needed studies in the field as outlined earlier. there is a wide range of projects possible, as outlined in section 225 of the act, involving all levels of library service, and in all areas, . including demonstrations, which would involve libraries themselves. this means that libraries, apart from individuals or library schools, can submit proposals separately, or in conjunction with library schools. the pattern of applications is quite flexible. it is also quite clear, particularly after attending the meeting here of the association of hospital and institutional libraries division on monday morning, that section 223 (which is administered by another unit of the office of education, the research training branch) should be coordinated with the medical library assistance act (which is supported by the public health service) in terms of recruiting and training of personnel. the existence of this latter activity may be well known to medical librarians, but is not generally known to librarians as a group. the implications for library education for individual schools of library service are quite clear. if library schools have not made proposals for obtaining funds for specific projects, they should do so. the various committees in library schools concerned with recruiting of students, and fellowships for advanced study, doctoral programs and research, or other relevant activities, should be involved in such proposals. any projects of course imply that the schools are in a position, on the basis of personnel, facilities, and the higher education act of 1965 i 353 equipment to perform on a high level if grants are awarded. all of us have a responsibility of not asking for funds if they cannot be used effectively. i am told that some of the nonaccredited schools or educational agencies are concerned about grants that have been given only to accredited schools. i am sure that eligible nonaccredited institutions are in a position to obtain grants and do effective work in the areas outlined. the law provides for criteria for selection and it is expected that some schools not now accredited will thereby improve their status and become eligible for accreditation. title vi of the higher education act (public law 89-329) established a new program of federal grants to institutions of higher education for the acquisition of laboratory and other special teaching equipment, or audiovisual materials. miss krettek has pointed out that this act included libraries among the areas that might be assisted. the act in general is intended to help those institutions that are making an effort to improve themselves. other divisions of ala my assignment was to point out the implications for the various divisions of ala. mr. moore and miss welch have done a complete job in describing relevant implications for the reference services and technical services respectively. in its various sections, the higher education act cuts across all divisions of the association, and it would seem that each unit of the ala should be concerned about obtaining as much assistance as it can in the months ahead, to further its specific program. this does mean that there probably should be committees or groups representing the individual divisions of ala. they probably should be coordinated at some point, so that overlap and duplicative projects would be minimal or non-existent. the reference services division, the association of college and research libraries, the resources and technical services division, the library administration division, the public library association, the library education division, and the various other divisionsthe children's services division, the american association of school libraries, the adult services division, and any other division of the ala concerned with training of personnel (and all of them are), facilities, and services-are apparently able to qualify for participation in one or more of the several sections of the act. we need to read the act carefully, so that implications or possibilities are not overlooked. the act, as i indicated earlier, has been written so that libraries can be helped to the utmost, if they take advantage of the opportunity. in addition to miss krettek, who has worked so tremendously at getting the act through, one might not overlook our legislative general, who has come through the wars with great success-our moderator, edmon low. •• lib-mocs-kmc364-20131012113423 $c this subfield will contain all but the first character (or all but the first if a longer escape sequence is used) of every escape sequence found in the record. if the same escape sequence occurs more than once, it will be given only once in this subfield. the subfield is repeatable. this subfield does not identify the default character sets. example: l'>l'l~c)w a record containing the iso extended cyrillic character set. l'>l'>$c)w$c)x a record 3.4 discussion-other details containing both the iso greek and extended cyrillic character sets. when a field has an indicator to specify the number of leading characters to be ignored in filing and the text of the field begins with an escape sequence, the length of the escape sequence will not be included in the character count. when fields contain escape sequences to languages written from right to left, the field will still be given in its logical order. for example, the first letter of a hebrew title would be the eighth character in a field (following the indicators, a delimiter, a subfield code, and a three-character escape sequence). the first letter would not appear just before the end of field character and proceed backwards to the beginning of the field. a convention exists in descriptive cataloging fields that subfield content designation generally serves as a substitute for a space. an escape sequence can occur within a word, after a subfield code, or between two words not at a subfield boundary. for simplicity, the convention that an escape sequence does not replace a space should be adopted. one other convention is also advocated: when a space, subfield code, or punctuation mark (except open quote, pareports and working papers 215 renthesis or bracket) is adjacent to an escape sequence, the escape sequence will come last. wayne davison of rlin raised the following issue. after the library of congress has prepared and distributed an entirely romanized cataloging record for a russian book, a library with access to automated cyrillic input and display capability will create a record for the same book with the title in the vernacular. (since aacr2 says to give the title in the original script "wherever practicable," the library could be said to be obligated to do so.) in such an event the local record could have all the authoritative library of congress access points. to keep this record current when the library of congress record is revised and redistributed, it would be necessary to carry the lc control number in the local record. most automated systems are hypersensitive to the presence of two records with the same control number. the two records can be easily distinguished: in the library of congress record, the modified record byte in field 008 will be set to "o" and it will not have any 066, character sets present field. a comparison of oclc, rlg/rlin, and wln university of oregon library the following comparison of three major bibliographic utilities was prepared by the university of oregon library's cataloging objectives committee, subcommittee on bibliographic utilities. members of the subcommittee were elaine kemp, acting assistant university librarian for technical services; rod slade, coordinator of the library's computer search service; and thomas stave, head documents librarian. the subcommittee attempted to produce a comparison that was concise and jargonfree for use with the university community in evaluating the bibliographic utilities under consideration. the university faculty library committee was enlisted to review this document in draft form and held three meetings with the subcommittee for that purpose. the document was also shared with library faculty and staff in order to elicit suggestions for revision. 216 journal of library automation vol. 14/3 september 1981 a copy of the draft was sent to each utility with a request for suggestions for correction and/or clarification of the report. each of the utilities responded promptly, and their recommendations were reviewed by the subcommittee and have been incorporated into the report as it appears here. in reading this report two considerations should be kept in mind: (1) the information is current as of december 1980, and (2) the efforts at brevity and jargon-free comparison may have resulted in oversimplification in some areas. this report is one aspect of the sixmonths-long decision-making process that led the university of oregon library to select oclc, inc. (now the online computer library center). introduction an online bibliographic utility provides computer services to member libraries who, in turn, contribute computer-readable records to a common database. the database is a collection of catalog records input by the members and other sources such as the library of congress, the government printing office, and the national library of medicine. use of the database is online, meaning that each member library accesses the computer directly and carries out its work in an interactive, conversational manner through a computer terminal located in the library. communications with the central computer are carried over a leased long-distance telephone line. the bibliographic utility produces two primary products-catalog cards and magnetic tapes of a library's catalog records-and offers many other services for processing and bibliographic control in libraries. in addition to providing the products and services of a bibliographic utility through the research libraries information network (rlin), the research libraries group (rlg) has three other goals: (1) to provide a structure through which common research library problems can be addressed, (2) to provide scholars and others with increasingly sophisticated access to bibliographic and other forms of information , and (3) to promote, develop, and operate cooperative programs in collection development, preservation of library materials, and shared access to research materials. the purpose of this report is to provide an overview of considerations in selecting an online bibliographic utility and a comparison of the three utilities being reviewed by the university of oregon library. each consideration is accompanied by a brief definition or explanation, and a summary of each utility's capability in providing the necessary services or products. an attempt has been made to distinguish between currently available services and those that are planned for the future, but technological and organizational changes in the utilities have complicated this task and, in some cases, made it difficult for the subcommittee members to distinguish between operational and projected capabilities. basic characteristics history oclc oclc, inc., was founded in 1967 by the ohio college association as the ohio college library center, to be the first online shared cataloging network. it has since expanded beyond the confines of the state of ohio and is currently used by nearly 2,400 member libraries in the united states and abroad. in 1977 it adopted its present name. rlgirlin the research libraries group, inc. , was established in 1974 by four major research libraries. in 1978 it acquired from stanford university the ballots bibliographic data system, which became the foundation for rlin (research libraries information network), rlg's wholly-owned bibliographic utility. besides being the basis for rlg's cooperative processing activities, rlin supports its other three programs: shared resources, cooperative collection development, and preservation. rlg presently has 23 owner-members. wln in 1975 the washington library network began testing its online system using as its base a computerized bibliographic database that several washington libraries had been building since 1972. wln is a project of the washington state library and presently has over 60 members, primarily in the northwest. membership configuration oclc oclc had 2,392 member libraries, in early 1981, including about 1,300 college and university libraries, 330 public libraries, 250 federal libraries, 145 special libraries, 77law libraries, 71 members of the association of research libraries, 168 medical libraries, 37 state libraries, and at least 48 art and architecture libraries. rlg!rlin in december 1980, there were 23 ownermembers (21 university libraries, the new york public library, and the american antiquarian society), two associate members, two affiliate members, and several museum and three law library special members. libraries which formerly contracted for ballots cataloging services from stanford university are still being served by rlin. these include 52 libraries using rlin for online cataloging and 136 libraries using rlin on a search-only basis. wln wln had 65 members, in early 1981 , including 34 college and university libraries, 21 public libraries, two special libraries, three state libraries, five law libraries, and the pacific northwest bibliographic center. governance methods of governance are of concern to libraries considering membership inasmuch as they determine to a great extent the responsiveness of the utilities to the needs of their members and the ability of members to participate in setting the direction and priorities for the utility. oclc a 15-mem ber board of trustees holds the powers and performs the duties necessary for governance (including filling management vacancies and approving policy and budgets). a users' council, elected by the members, participates in the election of trustees and represents the interests of the membership in an advisory capacity. it also reports and working papers 217 must ratify amendments to the oclc code of regulations and articles of incorporation. of the 69 delegates to the council, 44 are from academic libraries. various advisory groups exist representing the interests of special groups within the membership, including a research libraries advisory group. twenty regional networks contract with oclc to provide services to their members. oclc libraries in oregon participate through the oclc western service center, claremont, ca, and are served by oclc's portland office. rlg!rlin rlg /rlin operates through a board of governors consisting of one representative from each full member institution with the president as chief operating officer. standing committees for collection management, public services, preservation, and library technical systems & bibliographic control; and program committees for east asia, art, law, theology, and music are composed of appointees from member institutions and report to the president. wln an 11-member computer services council is elected directly by the online participant libraries. legal responsibility for wln resides with the washington state library commission. financial stability an indicator of a utility's financial stability is its proven ability to generate sufficient revenues to cover expenses with the least recourse to outside funding sources. financial stability in a utility is a concern to a library considering membership not only from the standpoint of a utility's mere survival, but because of its implications for future system developments, possible dramatic fee increases should outside funding evaporate, and maintenance of high quality services and products. oclc oclc, inc., is a not-for-profit corporation, with tax-exempt status having been granted under section 501 ( c)(3) of the internal revenue code . it is self-supporting, receiving no government or private subsidies, 218 journal of library automation vol. 14/3 september 1981 and issuing no stock. its revenues alone support existing operations, expansion, and research and development activities. revenues result from fees charged member libraries for products and services. oclgs estimated assets for fiscal year 1980 were over $55 million and its revenues approximately $24 million. its revenue base is its 2,400 member institutions. rlgirlin the research libraries group, inc., is a tax-exempt corporation owned by its 23 owner-member institutions. revenues result from fees charged members for use of the rlin database. rlg currently must supplement this income with foundation grants and loans from stanford university, because of relatively high development costs and relatively low revenues. as of this year, nearly $5.25 million has been received in grants and a $2.2 million loan was obtained, to be repaid by august 1986. rlg has projected that in 1982-83 ongoing operating costs will be met by feegenerated income. rlg's board of governors recently approved a new income/ expense structure to take effect september 1, 1981: "operating expenses matched by rates for services; system development matched by grants and loans; program and administration matched by a program partnership fee." this new program partnership fee will be a flat annual rate for full members in the range of $20,000 to $25,000. a decline in the number of units cataloged by member libraries (due in part to decreased acquisitions budgets), which is the basis for fees charged, forced the board lo inslilute this new fee. il.lg is encouraging member libraries to seek these additional funds from institutional sources outside the libraries' own budgets. the new financial structure appears to reflect a recognition of the need for outside resources to provide for research and development for at least the immediate future, and at the same time an effort to reconcile income and expense in the areas of operating expenses and program administration. its revenue base is its membership of 23 institutions. in the past rlg has estimated that financial stability would be reached when membership reached 35, but it is unclear how the new rate structure will affect that projection. wln the washington library network receives revenues in the form of fees for services and products. as a division of the washington state library, it also receives some funding from the state of washington. wln has been the recipient of some outside grants, but does not appear to rely heavily upon grant monies to meet ongoing expenses or system development costs. wln would like to lessen its dependency upon the state of washington, and has taken the first step by broadening the base of its advisory committee to include out-ofstate members. its revenue base is its membership of approximately 60 libraries. the committee preparing this report does not have information as to the proportion of revenues generated by fees. however, a recent (july 1, 1980) 10% increase in service rates was put into effect for these stated purposes, among others: "to recover the cost of operation of the computer service" and to "allow a modest margin to insure stability." track record in meeting past system developme11t deadlines past success or failure in meeting announced deadlines for system developments may be indicative of future performance in this regard. all three utilities are heavily engaged in research and development and, while we are primarily interested in the features that are presently available, it is also important to try to gauge what each system will look like several years from uuw. the amount of information available to the committee varied according to the utility, so these columns are not directly comparable, but merely suggestive. oclc oclc tries not to attach dates to its projections because of early failures to meet announced deadlines. however, its interlibrary loan system was implemented one year early and its searching improvements are claimed to be ahead of schedule. the planned acquisitions subsystem had been scheduled for completion in summer 1980, and is currently being tested by a small number of member libraries. the conversion of oclc's database to accommodate the new cataloging rules and include new forms of names was completed on schedule in december 1980. the serials union listing capability was also completed on time. (seep. [224]) rlgirlin a study dated august 1978 performed for the university of california listed planned ballots system developments with projected completion dates. this list follows, with actual completion dates or revised projections added: • network file system (now called "reconfigured database" by rlin) projected january 1979 revised projection april 1981 serials cataloging projected january 1979 actual completion late 1979 authority control system, phase 1 projected january 1979 revised projection spring 1981 authority linking and control, phase 2 projected fall1979 revised projection spring 1981 generalized acquisitions projected fall1979 revised projection (in two phases) june 1981, october 1981 serials control projected 1980 revised projection post-1982 library management information system projected 1979 no projected date, no resources allocated book/com catalog interface projected 1980 revised projection 1981 wln wln's present online system was one year late, and its acquisitions module was also late. the processing of retrospective conversion tapes which had been three months behind was current by early 1981, *since 1978 the rlg board of governors has determined the order of priorities for research and development. reports and working papers 219 with the exception of two special projects. large-scale system adjustments to accommodate new cataloging rules were completed on schedule, as was implementation of roll-microfilm catalogs. database size and components the size and makeup of the utility's database is of concern to libraries considering membership because those factors have the greatest bearing on the library's likelihood of obtaining a large portion of its cataloging information from the system. oclc size. over 7.1 million bibliographic records (february 1981) books: 4.9 million (october 1979) serials: 341,000 (october 1979) other: 340,000 (october 1979) name authority records: 500,000 (est. by 1981) formats available. books serials films (av) maps manuscripts music recordings music scores sources of data. member-contributed records library of congress-produced machinereadable cataloging records (marc) (1968 to date) government printing office-produced records (cataloged directly into oclc by gpo) conser records (conversion of serialsa project of 15 major libraries to produce machine-readable serials cataloging records). data are entered directly into oclc, then authenticated by the library of congress and the national library of canada. national library of medicine-produced records additional sources include the following databases: canadian marc serials minnesota union list of serials pittsburgh regional library center serials 220 journal of library automation vol. 14/3 september 1981 rlg/rlin size. over 3 million bibliographic records 0 une 1980) books: 2.5 million (june 1980) serials: 460,000 (june 1980) authority records: 1.6 million (early 1981) formats available. books serials films (av) maps music recordings music scores sources of data. member-contributed records marc (excluding 19681972) gpo records (to be added spring 1981) conser records cataloging records from columbia and yale universities and university of minnesota biomedical libraries, previously put into machine-readable form, have been added to rlin. records from the new york public library, northwestern and pennsylvania state universities will be added in the near future. additional sources include the avery index to architectural periodicals. wln size. 2 million bibliographic records (january 1981) authority records: 2.3 million (january 1981) holdings records: 2.3 million (december 1980) formats available. books serials films (av) music recordings• music scores• sources of data. member-contributed records marc (1968 to date) gpo records conser records (except those not yet authenticated by the library of congress) machine-readable records from the university of illinois will be added to wln's • awaiting implementation by the library of congress. database on a weekly basis by mid-1981. records from certain libraries in the southeastern library network (solinet) will be added in the future, ,as part of an arrangement whereby wln made its computer software package available for use by illinois and solinet. resource sharing interlibrary loan (ill) ill is the process by which library materials are lent and borrowed by libraries in the u.s. and foreign countries. a bibliographic utility provides two tools to aid in this process: an online union catalog used to determine which library owns the needed material, and a message switching system used to communicate among libraries and to carry out the transaction. ill at the university of oregon library is currently accomplished using a large number of printed union catalogs and is communicated by mail or western union teletype. a bibliographic utility will not completely replace ill transactions carried out in this manner. the number of requests for materials from the library collection will probably increase due to the "visibility" gained in the online union catalog. oclc the oclc database provides the largest online union catalog through a holdings record listed with each catalog entry. the ill message system transfers records from the database to the lending library in a request form, automatically sends the request to up to five libraries, generates records on the status of each request, and provides statistics on ill transactions. oclc ill transactions are generally faster than traditional methods of interlibrary loan because of the ability to move data directly from the online union catalog to the request form without re-typing and the ability to have requests automatically forwarded if a library is unable to fill the request immediately. oclc's ill subsystem has been in operation for a year and participating libraries have reported general satisfaction with its performance. rlg/ rlin the rlin database provides an online union catalog through a holdings record listed with each catalog entry. materials not located in the rlin database may be referred to the bibliographic center at yale university for further manual searching through printed union catalogs. the rlg message system may be used to create and send ill requests to other rlg libraries, though this system is not specifically designed as a comprehensive ill support system. the shared resources program committee has recently formed a task force charged with the responsibility to create a functional specification for an automated interlibrary loan system, and to determine the priority for its implementation. rlg resource sharing policy requires members to give priority to ill requests from other rlg members, to suspend fees to members, to provide on-site access to users from members' libraries' institutions, and to provide free photocopies of non-circulating materials. wln the wln database provides an online union catalog through a holdings record listed with each catalog entry. this online union catalog includes the local library call number and, for serials, the specific holdings of the library. the wln resource directory is a microfiche listing of the bibliographic and holdings information in the database. wln offers no message switching system for ill, though this is their highest priority for future development. in cooperation with pacific northwest bibliographic center, wln is planning experiments with a message switching system for interim use until the comprehensive ill system is developed. cooperative acquisitions cooperation in purchasing library materials is done in order to minimize the duplication of expensive purchases and to ensure that important works are easily available to users of the library, whether they are actually owned or not. oclc member libraries may search the database to determine the holdings of particular items by other member libraries, in order to reports and working papers 221 avert undesirable duplicative purchases. rlgirlin members actively coordinate purchases of certain categories of materials in designated fields in order to avoid extensive duplication and to ensure that at least one copy of every item of research value be acquired by a member institution. in support of this effort is an automated "cooperative purchase file," containing limited bibliographic information and acquisition decisions of rlg members for all new serials on order and for all expensive items ($500 or more). member institutions agree to develop conspectuses reflecting their level of holdings and development in certain fields (subjects, language, and formats). these conspectuses are time-consuming to develop. a survey of holdings in chinese, japanese, and korean languages has been finished by 12 members. older members have completed language and literature, fine arts, philosophy, and religion. history is expected by march, 1981, to be followed by the hard sciences. based upon these conspectuses, rlg members will build a system-wide collection development policy. new members are expected to begin work on their conspectuses as soon as possible, but not necessarily immediately after joining rlg. wln members may search the database to determine the holdings of particular items by other member libraries, in order to avert undesirable duplicative purchases. libraries may also search the in-process file to determine if items are on order by one of the 23 libraries using wln's acquisitions subsystem. support for collection development activities a bibliographic utility is potentially useful for collection development in that it provides a large file of bibliographic records that may be searched to assist in a) determining the existence of published materials in specified categories (on a particular subject, by a particular author, in a particular series, for example), and b) obt~ining cor222 journal of library automation vol. 14/3 september 1981 rect bibliographic information about specific items to assist in ordering them. important features in a utility in this regard are database size and variety of access points (subject, author, series titles, etc.). oclc useful access points by which the database may be searched include: • personal author • corporate author • title • series title • variant names (e.g. clemens or twain) • conference names the database must be searched using a "search key" (a code based upon a sequence of initial letters in the words to be searched), not real words. rlg/rlin useful access points by which the database may be searched include: • personal author • corporate author • conference names • title • series title • subject heading or call number range (excluding items cataloged by the library of congress) • publisher, using a truncated isbn (international standard book number) [restricted to items cataloged by the library of congress] a search of rlin is likely to produce multiple records for particular items because an item held by more than one member will be displayed for as many libraries as have cataloged it through the system. it is projected that by april, 1981, run's "reconfigured database" will have solved that problem by attaching holdings information to one unified record. it will also have merged the two bibliographic subfiles (library of congress and member cataloging) so that access by subject heading, call number range, and isbn will be available for the entire database. wln useful access points by which the database may be searched include: • personal author • corporate author or corporate author keyword (keyword searching permits the user to search for items using either the full heading: american society for information science; or words from the heading: "society" and "information. " this capability is useful when the complete phrase is not known.) • title • corporate or conference author/title series (keyword) • series title or truncated series title • subject heading and/or subdivision or truncated subject heading • corporate and conference name subject headings (keyword) preservation of library materials all bibliographic utilities, because of their function as a union catalog of their members' machine-readable cataloging information, have some usefulness for libraries making decisions about preservation priorities. a library may, for example, choose to give preservation treatment to item a rather than item b because item b is owned by several other libraries in the vicinity, whereas item a appears to be unique. it must be remembered, however , that many older items will not appear at all, because they were cataloged long before the utilities came into existence. oclc members may search holdings information in the database to determine the relative rarity of an item that is a candidate for preservation treatment. rlgirlin members may search holdings information in the database to determine the relative rarity of an item that is a candidate for preservation treatment. a computerized list of members' micropreservation activities is provided. experimental programs are conducted to test new preservation technologies and applications of existing processes . preservation microfilming is being done for members by staff at yale and princeton. funds are provided to members for preservation activities. r these activities are part of rlg's preservation program, one of its four major programs. wln members may search holdings information in the database to determine the relative rarity of an item that is a candidate for preservation treatment. technical processing acquisitions the steps by which the library purchases books and other materials include: l. pre-order searching to determine that a requested item is not already owned by the library or on order. 2. selecting a dealer likely to be able to supply desired item. 3. placing the order. 4. receiving the item. 5. clearing the order records. 6. processing the invoice for payment. 7. maintaining precise accounting of all book funds. 8. inquiring about the status of items which are not received when expected. 9. cancelling orders and adjusting accounting records when items are not available. at the uo most acquisitions forms and files are created and maintained manually. in an automated acquisitions system the placing of the initial order generates an acquisition record for each item, which is updated as the item moves through the cycle outlined above. this eliminates the need for maintaining separate files according to the status of an order. oclc operational. oclc has an online nameaddress directory which presently can be searched while using other oclc subsystems. this file contains information about publishing, educational, library, and professional organizations and associations. this information will be automatically transferrable to forms being produced online. planned. oclc's acquisitions subsystem, which is presently being tested by sereports and working papers 223 lected member libraries, is projected to be generally available in spring 1981. when operational the acquisitions subsystem will permit users to: place orders for all types of bibliographic materials (forms generated will be sent directly to supplier with copy to library) renew subscriptions request publications or price quotations create deposit account orders send prepaid orders cancel orders create and adjust fund records receive periodic fund reports rlgirlin operational. rlin does not have an operational acquisitions subsystem. stanford university is continuing to use a system developed as part of ballots. planned. the rlg board of governors has approved functional specifications for an acquisitions subsystem to be introduced in two phases. by june 1981, rlin plans to have a centralized in-process file which will contain records of all new orders, gifts, subscriptions, etc. of members, and will be able to support non-accounting aspects of the acquisitions process. the capability to store and maintain an online book fund accounting system will be achieved in october 1981. rlin expects to be able to support all files, processing, and products necessary to establish, coordinate, and monitor materials acquisitions from the point of selection decision, request, order, or receipt through completion of technical processing activity. wln operational. wln's acquisitions subsystem, which has been operational since may 1978, is comprised of four files: 1. in-process file which supports the majority of acquisitions activities. 2. standing orders file which has records for subscriptions and other items which are renewed or reordered on a continuing or periodic basis. 3. name and address file which contains names and addresses of book dealers and other vendors, main libraries, branch libraries, etc. 4. account status file which provides ca224 journal of library automation vol. 14/3 september 1981 pability to maintain up-to-date accounting. information keyed into the terminal during the day is entered against the accounts nightly and is reflected in the account totals available online the following day. records of completed transactions are transferred to a magnetic tape history file and can be used for generating statistical and other reports. with each step of the order cycle, appropriate forms and reports are generated. special system reports reflecting the status of the four files may be generated on request. instructions entered at the time of the initial order provide for automatic generation of notification forms for individuals requesting the specific item being ordered or inquiry notices for materials not received after a specified period. planned. further refinements of the procedures and capabilities of the system. cataloging the creation of a cataloging record involves: i. describing an item 2. assigning headings for names of persons or organizations and titles by which the user might be expected to seek the item in the catalog 3. assigning a unique call number which will place the item with others of a similar nature, and 4. assigning subject headings which reflect the content of the item. because most libraries collect many of the same materials, the concept of sharing the responsibility for cataloging was developed which makes materials available more quickly at reduced cost. with the establishment of national and international cataloging rules and standards, and the growth of large online computerized databases, it is becoming increasingly feasible to have each item cataloged only once with that cataloging information available for all libraries to use. the library of congress catalogs approximately 250,000 titles per year into machine-readable form . this cataloging is available through each of the bibliographic utilities and may be used for the creation of local catalogs. when the library of congress has not yet cataloged a specific item, a utility member library may prepare the cataloging according to specified standards and enter its cataloging into the database for use by other member libraries and for its own catalog. another aspect of the cataloging activity is the creation of a local database which can be used as the basis of not only the local library catalog, but also of a local circulation, acquisitions, and serials system, as well as for regional union catalogs. in order to provide total access to a library's collection in this machine-readable database, information concerning every item in the library must be entered into the system. this process is called retrospective conversion. during the retrospective conversion process the library can choose to eliminate existing inconsistencies in the treatment of library materials including reclassifying books so that most materials are retained in one main classification system. the university of oregon library has as a long-term goal completing total retrospective conversion of its collection so that all materials can be searched and located in an online catalog. oclc operational. oclc's online cataloging subsystem has been operational since 1971. based on the experience of similar libraries, the university of oregon library might expect to find entries in oclc's database for over 90 percent of the items searched . • these cataloging records can be modified online or accepted as is. the local library's symbol is added to indicate that it has used the cataloging record and then presorted, alphabetized catalog cards are ordered. the cards are printed overnight and shipped on a daily basis. many oclc libraries print their call number labels by means of a printer attached to their terminal. once a cataloging transaction has been completed, it is not possible to retrieve your local modifications online in the oclc system. the record of your transaction is stored and sent to your library on magnetic tape on a periodic basis. these magnetic archive tapes can be used by a vendor or •see footnote on page 225. local computing center to generate a local microform or online catalog, run a circulation system, etc. it is presently possible to catalog most types of materials in the oclc system including books, serials, microforms, motion pictures, music, sound recordings, maps, and manuscripts. increased emphasis has been placed on quality control and adherence to specified standards in the creation of cataloging records, but there is no official editing of cataloging records by oclc staff. in 1979-80 nearly 45 percent of the activity on oclc's cataloging subsystem was related to retrospective conversion. oclc's large database, extended hours of service, and special pricing schedules for retrospective conversion and reclassification make it attractive for these activities. oclc charges 60 c~nts per retrospective conversion record during hours of peak system activity (prime time) and five cents per retrospective conversion record during less busy hours (non-prime time). planned. oclc continues to explore means of improving quality control. after moving their central facility to new quarters in early 1981, oclc will reconsider the possibility of storing and displaying the number and location of local copies of a title. rlgirlin operational. at this time the university of oregon might expect to find cataloging available for 70 to 90 percent of its ongoing work in rlin. t a search of rlin's database retrieves multiple records because each library's records are stored separately. the reports and working papers 225 library selects the desired record, modifies or accepts it, enters the library's symbol, and orders cards which are printed nightly and sent in presorted, alphabetized batches. no call number labels are produced, and it is not presently possible to print labels from the terminal. local library modifications are accessible online. magnetic tapes or cataloging transactions may be purchased and used to create local online or microform catalogs. most materials may be cataloged with rlin including books, serials, microforms, motion pictures, music, sound recordings, and maps. member libraries agree to catalog in conformity with rlin standards, but there is no formal editing of records by rlin staff on an ongoing basis. sample quality checking is the responsibility of a newly-created position of quality assurance specialist. with only 23 owner-members, rlg must carefully consider the impact on the system of allowing individual members to undertake retrospective conversion projects. each project must be approved by the board of governors, and members are encouraged to seek outside financial support rather than asking rlin for reduced rates. rlin has just received a 1.25 million dollar grant including $600,000 to support retrospective conversion projects. rlin does not charge for retrospective records which are completely recataloged and upgraded with the book in hand. the prices for other levels of retrospective conversion cataloging range from fifty-five cents to $1.85 per record. planned. in april 1981, rlin plans to reformat its database so that there will be t a wide range of success rates for searching each system are cited in the literature, each dependent on the sample procedures used. the university of oregon library had 100 items searched against each database. this sample excluded books with printed library of congress card numbers, and included books, serials, microforms, music scores, recordings, documents, and non-book materials. of this sample oclc found 96, rlin found 65, and wln found 38. the range of figures cited in this report allows for variation between studies cited in the literature, word-of-mouth reports from librarians using these systems, and the university of oregon library's own sample. an analysis of this sample is being prepared. recent comparisons of searching success are found in the following: linking the bibliographic utilities: benefits and costs, submitted to the council on library resources ... by donald a. smalley [and others). columbus, ohio, battelle, 1980; matthews, joseph r. , "the four online bibliographic utilities: a comparison," library technology reports 15:6 (november-december 1979), p. 665-838; tracy, juan i. and remmerde, barbara, "availability of machine-readable cataloging: hit rates for ballots, bna, oclc, and wln for the eastern washington university library," library research 1:3 (falll979), p. 227-81. 226 ] ournal of library automation vol. 14/3 september 1981 only one copy of each cataloging record. member libraries' symbols and local cataloging information will be displayed with the appropriate records. wln operational. based on the experience of others, the university of oregon library might currently expect to find cataloging records available for 50 to 70 percent of its ongoing work in the wln database. • libraries search wln's database, accept or modify the cataloging records, and order cards and labels which are printed nightly and shipped weekly. (card sets are not presorted for filing.) local cataloging information is accessible online through the library's wln terminal. magnetic tapes of a library's cataloging transactions may be purchased to run a local online or microform catalog. wln also provides microform catalogs on either microfilm or microfiche. books, serials, and audio-visual materials, but not music, sound recordings, and maps may be cataloged on wln's system. libraries cataloging in wln must conform to well-defined wln standards. new cataloging records go through an edit cycle and are reviewed by central wln staff before being added to the wln database. presently this review takes about two weeks. during this period, the cataloging record may not be retrieved online. the wln batch retrospective conversion subsystem has been operational since august 1980. using this system a library enters brief cataloging records which are collected by the system and searched later as a unit through the wln database. records for which a match is found are billed at six cents. records not matched are billed at one cent and may be searched again at a later date. over 30 wln libraries are using this capability, which can be made available to non-members under special circumstances. planned. wln is considering dispersing among selected member libraries responsi~ility for editing member-created catalogmg records. wln :will make music cataloging available within the near future. •see footnote on page 225. serials check-in serials are publications issued in successive pa~ts be~ring n~merical or chronological designations which are intended to be co~tinued indefinitely. they include periodicals; newspapers; annual reports and yearbooks; i?urnals, memoirs, proceedings an~ transactions of societies; and numbered senes. the average research library will have between 15,000 and 20,000 such titles. precise data must be maintained to enter ~ach issue as received, to discover missing ~ssues, to requ_est replacements for missing issues, to momtor accounting information, to ~enew or cancel subscriptions, and to mamtain binding information. serials files contain such information as title, relationship to earlier publications, name and address of publisher volumes the library owns, call number a'nd location date, volume, and number of each issue' date each issue was received, subscriptio~ dates, price, etc. at_ t?e university of oregon library all of this mformation is maintained in manual files. once the serials check-in operation is co_mpute~ized, it is possible to generate a w1de ~anety of serials finding lists, analyses of senals subscriptions by subject, location, department, etc., and to provide current serials information online. oclc operational. oclc introduced its serials control subsystem in 1976 and improvements to the system in 1979. participants create online local data records with information necessary to monitor and cont~ol each iss~e o~ each serial received by the hbr~ry. i_nshtutwns can check-in currently received issues online. ~recent ancillary to this system is the ability to create and maintain online a cooperativ~ r~or~ of serials owned by any group of mshtutwns (a union list of serials). pl~nned. oclc plans to continue upgradmg the capabilities of its serials control subsystem as needed. rlg!rlin operational. none. planned. automated serials check-in is one of several items listed for consideration after current development activities are released, probably in late 1982. no resources are presently committed to this project. wln operational. while wln has no current serials check-in capabilities, it does support maintenance of serials subscriptions in the acquisitions subsystem, including automatic renewal and reorder reminders. wln also produces union lists of serials. planned. wln is investigating existing commercially-created check-in systems to see whether they can purchase an existing system to incorporate into wln's services. management lnfonnation precise up-to-date information concerning library operations can be very useful in planning improvements in library services and in attaining efficient utilization of available personnel, resources, and materials. without the computer, the laborious record-keeping necessary to obtain useful management information almost negates the benefits of having the information. oclc operational. oclc produces cataloging, interlibrary joan, and serials check-in system use and system performance statistics on a regular basis. libraries can make local arrangements to create additional analyses of the information stored on subscription archival tapes of their local cataloging activity. oclc offers semimonthly, monthly, or quarterly accession lists of new materials cataloged by each library. these lists may be in call number or subject sequence. oclc has produced some special studies for institutions based on their cataloging records. planned. when the acquisitions subsystem is operational, libraries may choose to receive a cumulative, monthly fund activity report and a periodic, cumulative fund commitment register. these reports will provide institutions with current financial control data. oclc plans to continue to develop its ability to provide management information. reports and working papers 227 rlgirlin operational. system use statistics are provided in the form of the monthly invoice, which may be used to monitor cataloging and public service activity, and may be broken down into appropriate accounts by pre-planning. lists in call number order of materials cataloged by a library into rlin could be produced from local printers attached to the terminal. planned. the generation of management information is a future development project; no special management reports are prepared presently. among the management reports included in the specifications for the acquisitions subsystem, projected for implementation by october 1981, are status reports on in-process files, materials awaiting receipt, materials received, and book fund balances. wln operational. wln produces aggregate system activity reports monthly, but does not analyze the cataloging activity or subject holdings. wln's acquisitions subsystem can be used to produce acquisitionsrelated management reports concerning account transactions, account history, standing orders, renewals and reorders, receipts, detailed encumbrances, etc. a microform accession list by title is available. a general-purpose text-editing facility may be used by management to maintain data not derived from wln operations and to produce formatted reports of this data. planned. wln is developing the capability to store and maintain detailed collection information for each library online, including copy numbers and location symbols for each copy of a title owned by a library. no specific management information plans have been outlined at this point. public services reference use of the utility's terminal a bibliographic utility has potential for use in library reference services in three major areas: 1. verification of bibliographic information. the utility's database may be searched for cataloging information 228 journal of library automation vol. 14/3 september 1981 not in the uo library catalog. a verification search is made to locate a complete catalog description of a specific, known item and is carried out most easily using one of the unique numbers assigned to a publication (library of congress card number, international standard book number, etc.). if one of these is not known, a combination of author and title words, or a "search key"• based on author and title is used to retrieve the information. verification places a greater reliance on the quality of bibliographic information in the utility's database than on search techniques used to locate the information. 2. compilation of subject bibliographies. the utility's database is searched through words in the titles and subject headings in a bibliographic record in order to produce a list of materials on a given subject. this subject query can be modified using the logical relationships and, or, and not to indicate, respectively, limitations, synonyms, or exclusions in the search. the ability to obtain a printed list of references is convenient, if not required. 3. compilation of author bibliographies. the database is searched to find all material created by a particular individual or corporate body. the size of the utility's database is a major consideration, as is the source of the cataloging found in an author search. again, a printed list is necessary. oclc the oclc database can be searched in a variety of ways to support reference ser• a search key is a code based on a certain number of characters drawn from a particular element in the bibliographic reference. for instance, to find a record for william manchester's american caesar, an author/title search key using the first four letters of the author's name and the first four letters in the title would be manc,amer. various combinations of letters are used to search author names, titles, or author/title combinations. a search key may not necessarily be unique to a given item , and may retrieve other items beside the one desired. vices, though there is no subject search capability in the system. the following access points may be used in a search: 1. lc card number 2. international standard book number (isbn) 3. international standard serial number (issn) 4. coden (an abbreviation developed by chemical abstracts service for designating periodical titles) 5. government documents number 6. oclc identification number 7. personal author (search key, not full words) 8. corporate author (search key) 9. performer (search key) 10. title (search key) 11. author/title (search key) 12. series title (search key) 13. variant names (search key) 14. conference names (search key) searches may be restricted by year or by type of material, such as books, manuscripts, maps, etc. the logical operators and, or, and not are not used in oclc. the oclc search system is primarily based on search keys and is best utilized to locate a known item. local printing is available on any oclc terminal so equipped. there is one standard print format offered. rlgirlin the following access points may be used in a search of the rlin database, though not all are currently active in each subfile of the database: 1. lc card number 2. isbn 3. issn 4. coden 5. government documents number 6. rlin identification number 7. call number (complete or truncated) 8. recording label number 9. personal author 10. corporate authors or conference names (keyword or phrase) 11. title words 12. subject headings (keyword or phrase) 13. music publisher truncation (searching of partial entries) is available to aid in searching incomplete entries and the logical operators and, or, and not may be used to broaden or restrict a search. local printers may be attached to the rlin terminals. a variety of print formats is offered. plans include unified search access points for all subfiles of the database as of april, 1981. wln the "following access points may be used to search the wln database: 1. lc card number 2. isbn 3. issn 4. wln identification number 5. personal author 6. corporate authors or conference names 7. title words 8. series title (complete or truncated) 9. corporate or conference author/title series (keyword) 10. subject headings (complete or truncated) for a variety of reasons, the wln search system is the most powerful of the three utilities. truncation is available and the logical operators and, or, and not may be applied to broaden or restrict a search. records may be printed locally in a variety of formats on any wln terminal so equipped. wln will also provide printing at the central computer for reference bibliographies. wln search software may be purchased for local database management applications (see the section on online public catalogs.) links to other computerized services there are presently over 150 reference databases available through commercial computerized reference service vendors. during the last ten to fifteen years, standard bibliographic indexing and abstracting publications such as chemical abstracts, historical abstracts and dissertation abstracts international have used computerized methods to organize and print references to periodical articles, reports, dissertations, conference papers, etc. the vendor creates a computer searchable version of the reference database and makes reports and working papers 229 it available to libraries for a fee based on their use of the computerized search system. membership in a bibliographic utility can provide two benefits in the use of other computerized reference services: 1. discounts on fees through membership in large group contract administered by the utility. 2. access to the reference vendor's computer through the utility's terminal and communication network. oclc oclc's affiliated online services program provides access at discounted rates to the information services of bibliographic retrieval service (brs), lockheed information systems (lis), and the new york times information bank. oclc's communications network does not yet permit users to link to the hosts using an oclc terminal, though this capability is anticipated in the near future. rlg!rlin rlin does not offer a formal program in this area, though the rlg 40 terminal is compatible with other information retrieval systems. wln wln does not offer a program in this area, but anticipates offering access to brs, lis, and new york times information bank. circulation none of the bibliographic utilities under consideration currently support circulation functions on their computers. however, each system can provide a machinereadable archive tape of our cataloging information to be used in developing a computerized circulation system. in order to keep track of circulation transactions, it is necessary to have complete retrospective conversion of the uo library catalog. another important consideration is the transferability of data between the utility's computer and the circulation computer. oclc oclc anticipates offering support for local circulation systems on their computer 230 journal of library automation vol. 14/3 september 1981 for member libraries and will demonstrate their system in mid-1981. oclc data has been successfully transferred to many local circulation systems. rlg/rlin rlin does not anticipate offering local circulation services for member libraries. rlin data has been successfully transferred to several local circulation systems. wln wln does not anticipate offering local circulation systems on their computer for member libraries. wln data has been successfully transferred to local circulation systems and an agreement has been reached with dataphase, a computerized circulation system vendor, to discount purchase of their system by wln member libraries. public online catalogs again, none of the bibliographic utilities under consideration currently support public online catalogs of an individual library's collection. a public online catalog requires further programming in order to make it easy for the public to locate materials of interest without extensive training; the bibliographic utility's searching procedures are too esoteric to be used by the general public. as in circulation, issues of data transferability and full retrospective conversion of the uo library's catalog are paramount. oclc oclc does not currently encourage public access to their database and does not support use of local online catalogs on their computer due to the tremendous demand for computer resources exerted by 2400 member libraries. oclc and rlg/ rlin are participating in a study of user requir~ ments for a public online catalog. oclc data has been successfully transferred to several local online catalogs, including eugene public library's circulation and online catalog system, ulisys. rlgirlin rlin anticipates being able to offer public access to their database. they are participating in a study with oclc of user requirements for such a system, but no date has been announced for the development of this capability in rlin. rlin data has been successfully transferred to a local public online catalog at northwestern university. wln wln does not believe that a local online patron accessed catalog should be provided through the wln computer, even though they anticipate having such a capability within one year. instead, they encourage libraries to develop local systems for public access to the online computerized catalog and to obtain data from the wln cataloging system . the university of illinois is adapting the wln computer search and database management software to provide a local online catalog and computerassisted instruction in its use for the public. checklist for cassette recorders connected to crts prepared by lawrence a. woods: purdue university libraries, west lafayette, indiana, for the technical standards for library automation committee, information science and automation section, library and information technology association . introduction a data cassette recorder connected to a printer port is an effective, low-cost method of collecting data in machine-readable form from display terminals such as the oclc 100/105. it is important that a data recorder be used rather than an audio recorder although the cassette itself can be a goodquality audio tape. it is also important to note that the data recorded on the tape are not the same as the data originally transmitted to the display terminal, but are simply a line-by-line image of what appears on the screen. a typical installation will have a minimum of two devices: one attached to the display terminal to collect data, and one attached to a printer or an input device to another computer for playback of the data. there are more than 150 various data reacrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 125 classified advertising deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisem ents must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month pre­ ceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). late jo b listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $2.25 per line for acrl members, $2.80 for others. late jo b notices are $7.00 per line for members, $8.50 per line for others. organizations subm itting ads will be charged according to their m embership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no s ∞ n e r than the last day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 31 for the october issue). all jo b an­ nouncements must include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944 -67 95 for late-breaking jo b ads for academic and research library positions. a prerecorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing subm itted w ill be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $ 25 for acrl members and $30 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. the service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow application deadlines, will not ap­ pear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $5 for acrl members and $10 for non-members. contact: kathy van voorst, a d m inistra tive secretary, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. for sale encyclopedia. allgemeine encylop;adie der wissenschaften und k ;unste (ersch und gruber encyclop'pdie) leipzig, 1818-89. 1st sec., vols. 1-89; 2nd sec., vols. 1-31; 3rd sec., vols. 1-25. original edition, good condition. $15 0 plus cost of transportation. contact dr. robert f. cayton, college librarian, marietta college dawes li­ brary, marietta, ohio 45750. foreign microforms. any foreign m icroform from anywhere in the world at the foreign list price. free searching. monographs and serials. imds, 1995 broadway, ny, ny 10023, (212) 873-2100. lc printed cards issued to 1942 (in fine condition); purchase price: $1,950 u.s. lc nuc author list 1942-1962; a master cum u­ lation (fine condition); purchase price: $1,600 u.s. asking $1,600 u.s. for both. lc nuc q uinquenniums: 196 3 -1 9 6 7 and 19 6 8 1972; purchase p rice: 1 9 6 3 -1 9 6 7 — $ 7 4 5 u.s. (o u t of prin t); 1968-1972— $1,950 u.s. asking: $1,300 u.s. for both: or all 4 sets for $2,900 u.s. plus shipping. please contact: pat nicholls, school of library and information science, university of western ontario, london, ontario, canada n6a 5b9. marv broadbent, box 6, beltsville, md 20705. government publications. standing, subscription, single, or search orders. no prepayment. no foreign surcharge. (301) 937-8846. search service. e x-librarians locate title s or subject, plus 1 5 0 ,0 0 0 indexed stock. pab 29 1 7 a tla n tic , a tla n tic city, nj 08401. phone 609/344-1943. information wanted in preparation: the catalogue raisonn9e of ernest l. blum en­ schein (1 8 7 4 -1 9 6 0 ). requesting inform ation about all paintings and watercolors, as well as illustrations, correspondence, photo­ graphs, original prints and engraver’s plates. sherry brown, 1018 n. country club, tucson, az 85716; (602) 299-1354. positions open acquisitions librarian. for library serving 2 colleges. re­ sponsible for acqu isitio n of m onographs. required: mls from ala-accredited school, ability to com municate effectively with fac­ ulty. preference given to applicants with experience in acquisitions and/or academic libraries. salary range $12,500 -$1 7,0 00. position available july 1, 1981. send resume and references by may 1 to jack ray, loyola/notre dame library, 200 winston avenue, balti­ more, md 21212. acquisitions librarian. responsible for developing collec­ tions of european literature, languages, history, and culture for the main library. administrative duties include: revising bibliographic searching and verification; assigning vendors; monitoring approval plans; assisting faculty with book selection; corresponding with b ∞ k dealers and publishers. mls from ala-accredited school re­ quired. knowledge of french or german; five years’ professional experience, supervisory and public relations ability essential. initial appointm ent at the rank of associate librarian, $13 ,860-$23,100. florida state retirem ent, faculty status, blue cross/blue shield group plan, 22 days’ vacation. send letter of application with com ­ plete resume and with names of three references and salary re­ quirements by may 1, 1981, to: james h. renz, associate director for technical services, 216 library west, gainesville, fl 32611. eeo/aae. assistant catalog/humanities librarian. split appoint m ent in the cataloging dept. (cataloging science, technology, and german materials) and in the humanities library (providing refer­ ence services). requires ala/mls, cataloging experience and three years’ of humanities-area reference experience in an academic or research library; facility in the german language; good written and oral com munication skills. prefer ability to read french, experience with collection development and bibliographic verification, university instruction and lecturing, oclc, aacr 2, and dewey. require­ ments for tenure and promotion include publishing, research, and service, in addition to job performance. $14,500 m inim um salary on 12 month basis. instructor (non-tenured track) or assistant pro­ fessor, commensurate with applicant’s qualifications. generous sick leave, vacation, insurance benefits. state university retirement sys­ tem. position available july 1, 1981. send resume and names and addresses of three references by may 15, 1981, to charlotte clark, chairperson, search committee for assistant catalog/humanities librarian, morris library, southern illinois university, carbondale, il 62901. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. assistant photographic archives librarian. duties in­ clude organizing and cataloging photographic archives and m anu­ script collections, preparing bibliographic aids and assisting re­ searchers, and sharing reference duties in the in ternatio nally known c enter for creative photography. q ualifications: ala accredited degree, broad knowledge of the history of photography, and a m inim um of one year of experience in archival work or a re­ lated area. salary: m inim um $14,400. faculty status, 12 month appointment, 22 days’ annual vacation, fringe benefits. send re­ sume and list of three references by may 15, 1981, to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. assistant reference librarian in charge of docum ents and microforms but does other reference work as required. qualifi­ cations and abilities: strong academic credentials including an ac­ credited mls with ability to communicate with students and faculty as well as an ability to work harmoniously with other staff members. occasional evening and weekend work required. library faculty has full faculty status with faculty rank, appointm ent will be made at instructor or assistant professor level depending upon qualifications and experience. m inim um salary $14,900. position available au­ gust 24, 1981. applications close may 1, 1981. an affirmative action and equal-opportunity employer. apply to: james m. hillard, director, the daniel library, the citadel, charleston, sc 29409. audiovisual. general libraries, emory university, atlanta, ga. available not later than september 1, 1981. head, candler library and coordinator of audiovisual services. responsible for the can­ dler library departm ent, in c lu d in g audiovisual services, repair shop, language and listening laboratories, reserve room, and other facilities. an administrative position with responsibility to: assist fac­ ulty and students in using audiovisual facilities and services crea­ tively; expand existing services in support of classroom instruction for arts and sciences; design and develop audiovisual services in support of university-wide events and other university divisions as appropriate. present staff includes one additional professional and seven general and technical staff members. opportunity for en­ thusiastic, creative individual to develop and promote an emerging and growing service. m inim um qualifications: graduate degree in audiovisual field from accredited institution and a m inim um of two years’ professional, administrative audiovisual experience in a col­ lege or university. preference given to candidates with additional professional, audiovisual experience, library experience, and/or ad126 vanced degree. salary dependent upon qualifications and experi­ ence, but not less than $20,000. send letter of application, re­ sume, names of three references, and have graduate school cre­ dentials forwarded by may 15, 1981, to herbert f. johnson, direc­ tor of libraries, robert w. woodruff library, emory university, at­ lanta, ga 30322. affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. bibliographic and technical services librarian. academic library seeks person to combine skills of technical ser­ vices with opportunities for personal contact of reader services to expand the scope of library services. qualifications include an mls degree from an a la-accredited institution and three years of pro­ fessional experience. knowledge of lc classification system, and experience in the use of oclc and in collection development are preferred. position open september 1981. tenure track position with faculty rank; minimum salary: $16,289. application deadline: april 30, 1981. address application to bruce e. thomas, library search committee, lock haven state college, lock haven, pa 17745. an aff¡rmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. catalog librarian. assists in planning and implementing an online catalog and quality control of data base; participates in the coordination of authority work and establishment of cataloging pol­ icy; catalogs as required. qualifications: accredited mls; minimum of 4 years’ cataloging experience, preferably in a medium or large research library, including experience of original and online copy cataloging; knowledge of lc, aacr, marc formats, file design and structure, file access methods, and the development and control of standards; demonstrated ability to identify and analyze problems and to recommend solutions; ability to communicate clearly both orally and in writing; supervisory experience preferred; knowledge of a foreign language desirable. salary: minimum $16,000, negotiable depending on qualifications. send resume and names of three ref­ erences by may 15 to jane titus, personnel librarian, paley li­ brary, temple university, philadelphia, pa 19122. an equal opportunity/affirmative-action employer. catalog librarian. authorities specialist/sen¡or cataloger re­ sponsible for accuracy of headings in the libraries' catalogs. duties include resolving conflicts in headings where there is no lc or existing local authority; assistance in training for and revision of original cataloging; and original cataloging of monographs in social sciences and/or humanities. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited program. three years of cataloging experience in an academic or research library; working knowledge of at least two foreign languages, one of w hich m ust be russian. benefits: minimum salary of $17,000); tiaa retirement; paid medical insur­ ance. send resume to: mathilda o’ bryant, head, cataloging de­ partment, university of notre dame libraries, notre dame, indiana 46556. notre dame is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action em­ ployer. catalog librarian. the houston academy of medicine-texas medical center library is seeking a new or recent graduate to fill an entry level position in the library’s cataloging department. this position will begin on june 1, 1981. the library serves and is jo intly supported by nineteen health science institutions in the texas medical center including two major medical schools, three nursing schools and various allied health science programs. it is also a regional resource library for the south central regional medical library program and actively serves the library needs of health professionals throughout central texas. responsibilities of this cataloging position include original cataloging of book and non-book materials in the health sciences, revision of catalog assis­ tants’ work in oclc, continuous editing of all library catalogs, pro­ vision of assistance to library personnel with bibliographic problems related to cataloging. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. degree in life sciences and/or course work in medi­ cal librariansh¡p desirable. familiarity with oclc and/or nlm classification and mesh would be an asset. no previous work ex­ perience required. minimum salary is $14,000. fringe benefits in­ clude m edical insurance, life insurance and retirem ent plan (tiaa/cref), credit union, two days paid vacation per month (al­ most 5 full weeks per year). send resume and names of three ref­ erences to: janis sharp, personnel librarian, houston academy of medicine-texas medical center library, jesse h. jones library building, 1133 m.d. anderson blvd., houston, texas 77030. clos­ ing date: may 15, 1981. cataloger. search extended. responsibilities: catalog and classify av materials using the oclc marc formats for av and sound recordings, aacr ii, and lc classification. supervise and train para professional to work with av cataloging. organize and di­ rect card catalog maintenance. department cataloged 14,200 titles, reclassified 2,000 titles, and converted 33,000 titles to machine readable form last year; staff of 20 includes 5.5 fte professionals. requirements: accredited mls, additional graduate degree pre­ ferred; m inimum of three years’ original cataloging experience (some previous av cataloging desired). familiarity with aacr ii. ef­ fective organizational, training, and interpersonal skills,and a commitment to scholarship. terms of appointment: faculty rank (a ssistant professor); 12-m onth tenure tra ck a p p ointm ent; minimum salary $15,500; 24 days’ annual leave; tiaa/cref or tn state retirement plan. position available may 15, 1981. send letter of application, postmarked no later than april 30, 1981, with com­ plete resum e and 3 letters of recom m endation to ju d ith j. johnson, head, catalog department, memphis state university li­ braries, memphis, tn 38152. an equal-opportunity university. cataloging. the florida state university library invites applica­ tions for the following positions at the assistant university librarian rank: (1) head, records maintenance unit in the bibliographic records management department. this position is responsible for decisions regarding the library’s database, including changes to the manual records as well as changes made necessary by im­ plementation of aacr 2. the unit consists of three full-time posi­ tions and student assistants. (2) monographic cataloger, responsi­ ble for original cataloging of monographic titles. experience with the library of congress classification, lc subject headings, aacr 2, the marc authority files and the oclc cataloging system, and a background in german is desired. qualifications for both positions in c lu d e a gradua te degree in lib ra ry scie n ce from an ala accredited school and two years' professional experience since the degree. salary range for both positions begins at $11,520. closing date for applications: april 30. send resume and letter of interest to lucille higgs, associate director, robert manning strozier library, florida state university, tallahassee, fl 32306. an affirm ative action/equal-opportunity employer. circulation librarian (instructor). lamar university, beau­ m ont, texas. responsible for c irc u la tio n/reserve reading activities— mls from ala-accredited library school. familiarity with automated circulation systems. two years' appropriate experience in academic library required. salary: $14 ,500-$16,000 for 10.5 months, starting date may 1, 1981. submit applications, resume, letters of reference, and library school dossier by april 30, 1981, to maxine johnston, library director, box 10021 lamar station, beaumont, tx 77710. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action em­ ployer. collection development/acquisitions librarian. sus­ quehanna university seeks an energetic individual to coordinate acquisitions activities and to develop outside sources of funding for library materials and services. acquisitions: determine goals and priorities for collections in consultation with faculty and staff, super­ vise acquisitions function, perform some book selection. develop­ ment: act as liaison with existing university associations and out­ side groups, work toward the establishment of a friends of the li­ brary, prepare grant applications. requirements: mls from ala accredited school, at least two years' experience with some in­ volvement in public relations or fund raising in an academic library. facility in a modern european language and additional graduate study desirable though not requisite. position open september 1, 1981. salary: $13,000-$15,000 per annum. apply with resume and names of three professional references by may 15, 1981, to james b. smillie, director, roger m. blough learning center, sus­ quehanna university, selinsgrove, pa 17870. susquehanna uni­ versity is an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. curator. curator of james j. hill papers. to prepare for the opening of the hill papers and to encourage their use by scholars and others. to develop archival and historical programs relating to the papers and the economic and social development of the upper midwest. ph.d. or mls by august 1981 preferred, and relevant professional archival and historical experience, skills, and/or publi­ cations. salary low to mid-$20s, dependent on qualifications. send letter of application, curriculum vita, and three letters of reference by may 1, 1981, to virgil f. massman, executive director, j. j. hill reference library, fourth and market streets, st. paul, mn 55102. eoe. general cataloger. responsibility for original cataloging and classifying of monographs, using aacr and lc classification and subject headings; may include some microforms. duties include searching and tagging on oclc cataloging system. faculty are ex­ pected to meet university’s research, service, and publication re­ quirem ents for tenure and promotion. available july 1, 1981. $13,320-$15,000. required: mls from ala-accredited program; reading know ledge of french; know ledge of aacr and lc classification and subject headings; two years of cataloging experi­ ence in an academic or research library. desirable: working knowl­ edge of another western european language; experience in marc tagging and use of oclc cataloging system. apply by may 15, 1981, to: sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state uni­ versity libraries, 1858 neil avenue mall, columbus, oh 43210. in­ clude resume with names and addresses of at least 3 references. an aa/eeo employer. qualified women, minority and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. head, commerce library. administers library of 132,000+ volumes which serves undergraduates, graduate students, and fac­ ulty in the departments of administrative science, public adminis­ tration, accounting, finance, management, marketing, economics, and geography. responsible for supervision of staff (half-time ref­ erence librarian, 4.6 support staff and student assistants); refer­ ence services; bibliographic instruction; collection development; re­ 127 sponding to research queries; preparing budgets; keeping abreast of latest library developments in the field. reports to head of de­ partment libraries. faculty are expected to meet university’s re­ search, service, and publication requirements for tenure and pro­ motion. available july 1, 1981. $21,000-$24,000. required: mls from ala-accredited program; five or more years of relevant profes­ sional experience, including supervision in a research library; dem­ onstrated knowledge of the literature in administrative science and related subjects. highly desirable: mba or advanced degree in one of subject areas noted above. apply by may 15, 1981, to sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state university libraries, 1858 neil avenue mall, columbus, oh 43210. include resume with names and addresses of at least 3 references. an aa/eeo em­ ployer. qualified women, minority and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. head of public services. university of minnesota, university l¡braries-twin cities, st. paul campus libraries. under the direc­ tion of the director of st. paul campus libraries, the head of pub­ lic services is responsible for the organization, coordination, and planning of all public services activities, including reference and circulation in the central library and in the seven special subject libraries of the st. paul campus. duties include collection de­ velopment coordination, staff training and development, coordina­ tion of and participation in online data base searching, and acquisi­ tions budgeting. the incumbent will also fulfill direct reference and collection development responsibilities. this is a tenure track posi­ tion, and the candidate will be expected to meet university and university libraries requirements for promotion and tenure. eight professional librarians and one library assistant will report to the head of public services. the st. paul campus library system serves 5,000 students in 33 programs in agriculture, home eco­ nomics, forestry, veterinary medicine, and biological sciences. can­ didates for the position must have a master's degree in library sci­ ence, plus three years of relevant library experience, preferably in a science library. exceptional ability in interpersonal relations, data base searching experience, and management or supervisory ex­ perience are very desirable, as is a background in some area of science. appointment will be at the assistant professor rank or higher depending upon qualifications and background. the salary is $23,000+ for a 12-month appointment. the university of min­ nesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer and specif­ ica lly invities and encourages app lica tions from women and minorities. applications must be received by the deadline date of may 1, 1981. applications postmarked by may 1, but received after may 1, will not be accepted. if interested in applying, please send letter of application, vita, and names of four references to charlene mason, director of administrative services, university libraries, 499 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, minnesota 55455. japanese cataloger/bibliographer (half-time). re­ sponsible for cataloging and classification of japanese language materials (monographs, serials, microforms, and other types of ma­ terials), using aacr and lc classification and subject headings; applies transliteration schemes. responsibility for building the japanese portion of the east asian collection in consultation with teaching faculty. establishes good rapport with faculty to determine present and future collection needs. responsible to head, catalog division and head, acquisitions department for respective areas of work. limited public service responsibilities may be established by library administration. faculty are expected to meet university’s re­ search, service and publication requirements for tenure and promo­ tion. available july 1, 1981. $7,620-$9,660. required: mls from ala-accredited program. fluency in reading japanese; some knowledge of japanese history, literature, and culture. cataloging experience using aacr and lc classification and subject headings. knowledge and experience in book selection, with japanese book trade, publishers, and vendors. desirable: speaking knowledge of japanese; advanced graduate study in some aspect of japanese culture. knowledge of marc tagging and oclc cataloging system; experience in technical services in an academic or research library. apply by may 15, 1981, to sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state university libraries, 1858 neil avenue mall, columbus, oh 43210. include resume with names and addresses of at least 3 references. an aa/eeo employer. qualified women, minority and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. latin american/general cataloger. responsibility for orig­ inal cataloging and classifying of monographs, using aacr and lc classification and subject headings. includes microforms and se­ rials in latin american studies; may include materials published in spain and portugal. duties include searching and tagging on oclc cataloging system. reports to head, catalog division. faculty are expected to meet university’s research, service, and publication re­ quirem ents for tenure and promotion. available july 1, 1981. $14,000—$15,720. required: mls from ala-accredited program, reading knowledge of spanish and portuguese; knowledge of aacr and lc classification and subject headings. desirable: working knowledge of additional western european language; cataloging ex­ perience in an academic or research library, including knowledge of marc tagging and oclc cataloging system; advanced degree in some area of latin american studies. apply by may 15, 1981, to 128 sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state university li­ braries, 1858 neil avenue mall, columbus, oh 43210. include re­ sume with names and addresses of at least three references. an aa/eeo employer. qualified women, minority and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. librarian. assistant collection development librarian to assist in the evaluation and acquisition of serials, government documents, microforms, and other non-book materials; oversee production of union list of serials; help with supervision of full and part-time staff; and participate in evaluation of gift materials and the exchange process. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; two years of profes­ sional experience in government documents, microforms, or serials; familiarity with automated systems and budgeting. eleven month appointment, academic rank and status. salary range $16,000 $17,000. available immediately. send resume, three letters of rec­ ommendation, and transcripts by april 30, 1981, to: library search committee, college of charleston, charleston, sc 29401. an equal-opportunity employer, and solicits applications from women and minorities. librarian. head of interlibrary loan department in an academic library. position open september 21, 1981. the library is a mem­ ber of center for research libraries, has eight oclc terminals, of which four are in the interlibrary loan department. position is lo­ cated in a college town of 50,000 close to tuttle creek reservoir and the flint hills. twelve month contract with one month's vaca­ tion, faculty rank and status, and tiaa. under the supervision of the associate director for technical services, budget, and automa­ tion, the appointee will (1) be responsible for the management and operation of interlibrary lending and borrowing services for the main library and four branch libraries with combined collections of 90 0 ,0 0 0 volumes, 11,000 serial subscriptions, 5 00 ,000 m i­ croforms, 525,000 documents, and 70,000 audiovisual materials; (2) provide, with other staff, evening and weekend reference ser­ vices; and (3) plan, direct, coordinate, and evaluate the work of 6.5 fte staff, including the kansas regent libraries courier driver. the department handles 20,000 requests per year on oclc with a net lending ratio of 1.56. requirements include a master’s degree in library science, two years’ successful academic library experience, and a working knowledge of oclc and other major bibliographic tools. supervisory experience at the department head level; knowl­ edge of interlibrary loan practices, including those affected by pub­ lic law 94-553 and aacr 2; and extensive experience with oclc/ ill preferred. salary: $16,560-$20,620, depending on qualifica­ tions and experience. applications, together with resume, tran­ scripts, and placement file (if placement file is not current, submit three letters of reference) must be submitted by may 15, 1981, to: meredith litchfield, assistant director, kansas state university li­ braries, manhattan, ks 66506. ksu is an equal-opportunity/ affirmative-action employer. personnel librarian. reports to the library director and holds a staff position with responsibilities for personnel functions for a staff or 182 plus 125 student assistants. under university and li­ brary policies and procedures this person has primary responsibility for planning, organizing, and coordinating all activities related to re­ cruitment, employment, and staff development. assists in the de­ velopment and interpretation of library policies and procedures; re­ cruits applicants for librarian positions; supervises staff of the per­ sonnel office in the hiring of support staff and student assistants; maintains required personnel records and files; coordinates staff development and training programs. qualifications: mls degree from ala-accredited school, or equivalent, required; library experi­ ence and previous personnel training and experience desirable; proven ability to work effectively with staff of diverse interests and cooperatively with university officials at all levels required; supervi­ sory experience necessary. tenure-track position, rank and salary dependent upon qualifications, salary range $16 ,000 -$ 18,000. twelve month appointment, tiaa/cref, health insurance, usual holidays, 24 days’ annual and 12 days’ sick leave, tuition remis­ sion. applicants should submit letter of application, resume, and placement folder or three letters of reference by april 30, 1981, to donald r. hunt, director, the university of tn library, knoxville, tn 37916. utk is an eeo, affirmative-action, title ix, section 504 employer. reference librarian in the humanities. (readvertised.) librarian to design and coordinate a bibliographic instruction pro­ gram, in clu d in g the use of online searching, for selected humanities departments of a liberal arts college. duties include some night and weekend work. accredited mls required two years' experience with bibliographic instruction or subject master’s in the humanities desired. minimum salary: $14,000. available summer 1981. apply with resume and three current letters of ref­ erence to: peter c. haskell, director of the library, franklin and marshall college, box 3003, lancaster, pa 17604, before may 1 an equal-opportumty/affirmative-action employer. science and engineering librarian. the university of saskatchewan library invites applications and nominations for the position of science and engineering librarian. the science and engineering librarian will report to the assistant director, public services. duties will include the coordination of staff and the de­ velopment of services in four branch libraries, as well as service to other science-related departments. initially, special emphasis will be placed on the extension of reference and online services. the successful candidate will have a degree from an accredited school of librarianship, as well as a science or engineering degree. admin­ istrative ability and three to five years of relevant experience includ­ ing online services is also required. the position is available im­ mediately and will be filled at the rank of librarian iii. salary will be competitive and commensurate with qualifications and experience. the 1980-1981 salary range of librarian iii is $23,722-$29,746. the competition will remain open until the position is filled. appli­ cants should send a complete resume and the names of at least three references to: frank winter, library personnel officer, main library, university of saskatchewan, saskatoon, saskatchewan, canada s7n 0w0. 129 serials librarian. 12-month, tenure-track. open july 1. holds administrative responsibility for a serials departm ent with 3,000 current subscriptions and a staff of two clerical assistants plus part-time students, trains and supervises staff of serials, maintains serials records and automated serials holdings list, recommends procedures for further automation, and provides specialized refer­ ence service relating to journals. duties also include cataloging with oclc and aacr 2 and supervising public areas of the library on a rotating basis (evenings and weekends). ala-accredited mls re­ quired, second master’s preferred; 2 years’ professional library ex­ perience in serials and/or cataloging required; experience with on­ line cataloging systems and with cataloging serials preferred; some supervisory experience desired. m inimum salary $16,000. applica­ tion deadline is april 30, 1981, or until suitable candidate is hired. send resume, academic credentials, and three letters of recom­ m endation to.p h ilip brown, public services librarian, south dakota state university library, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. slavic cataloger. responsible for original cataloging and classifying of slavic language materials, including monographs, se­ rials, and microforms, using aacr and lc classification and sub­ je c t headings. duties in clu d e searching and tagging on oclc cataloging system. reports to head, catalog division. faculty are expected to meet university’s research, service, and publication re­ quirem ents for tenure and prom otion. available july 1, 1981. $14 ,280 -$ 18,600. required: mls from ala-accredited program. proficiency in russian language; knowledge of aacr, lc classifica­ tion and subject headings. desirable: working knowledge of polish, czech, and other slavic languages; reading knowledge of a ger­ manic or romance language; advanced degree in related area; three years of cataloging experience in an academic or research li­ brary, including knowledge of marc tagging and oclc cataloging system. apply by may 15, 1981, to sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state university libraries, 1858 neil avenue mall, columbus, oh 43210. include resume with names and addresses of at least 3 references. an aa/eeo employer. qualified women, minority and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encour­ aged to apply. social science/education librarian. louisiana tech uni­ versity. responsible for collection development, bibliographic in­ struction, database searching, and general and subject reference service. work flexible schedule of night and weekend rotation. re­ quired: ala-accred¡ted mls; 3 5 years experience in traditional reference service; academic training in social science or education; database searching experience; demonstrable creativity and innova­ tion in providing general and subject reference. preferred: appro­ priate subject area master’s; 3 5 years’ experience in computer assisted reference services; good interpersonal skills. faculty rank, tenure track, 12-month contract. usual finge benefits, excellent re­ tirement. salary range $16,000-$17,500, commensurate with ex­ perience. send resume and 3 letters of reference to bill serban, c h airperson, search c o m m itte e, p rescott m em o rial library, louisiana tech university, ruston, louisiana 71272. deadline may 15, 1981, position available july 1, 1981. louisiana tech univer­ sity is an affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. technical services librarian. manages the acquisitions, cataloging, and serials functions of andrews library. coordinates planning for improvements in processing operations, including the autom ation of existing procedures and catalogs. mls from an ala-accredited library school, and at least three years of successful processing experience in an academic library using oclc systems. m in im u m salary $ 1 7 ,5 0 0 . a p p ly by a p ril 3 0 to m ichae l s. freeman, director of library services, college of wooster, wooster, oh 44691. l a t e j o b l i s t i n g s library director. state university college at buffalo, a unit of the state university of new york, is a 4-year liberal arts college in an urban setting with 12,000 students and 750 faculty and professional staff. e.h. butler li­ brary staff: 26 librarians and 32 support staff. holdings: 43,000+ vol­ umes. oclc, batab and 3m security systems in operation. director reports to the office of the vice president for academic affairs. ala-accredited mls required. doctorate or additional master’s preferred; 7 years’ professional experience in academic libraries, including 5 years in progressively respon­ sible administrative positions; knowledge of library automation technology; strong communications skills. salary commensurate with qualifications, mini­ mum $30,000. effective date of appointment: september 1, 1981. affirma tive-action/equal-opportunity employer. please send nominations or letter of application, including 3 references, before may 1, 1981, to: richard a. wie­ sen, associate vice president for academic affairs, state university college at buffalo, gc 519, 1300 elmwood ave., buffalo, ny 14222. information specialist. corporate technical library, the upjohn company. provides a variety of scientific information services to world-wide manage­ ment, marketing & technical staff on demand or as a continuing service: fact­ finding and general reference services, retrospective literature searching, current literature alerting (internal and vendor-supplied data bases) and other specialized services. keeps informed of current upjohn research activ­ ity; anticipates user information needs, plans and implements services de­ signed to meet them; helps increase visibility of the corporate technical library and utilization of its information services; participates in user education programs and acts as liaison to specific user groups; keeps informed of developments in library systems, information science, new information re­ sources and techniques for their utilization. the corporate technical library has a staff of 30 and a collection containing 20,000 books, 30,000 bound journals, and 1,300 current periodical subscriptions. the upjohn company is located in kalamazoo, a medium-sized southwestern michigan university city with excellent cultural/recreational opportunities. qualifications: library information specialist ii— bs/ba in science plus ma/ms in library/information science or ms in science plus one year information-related experience (bio130 chemical/biomedical environment); sr. library information specialist iii- same as above plus 3-4 years' information-related experience, 2-3 in a bio chemical/biomedical environment. both levels require: training and exper­ ience in searching scientific bibliographic and non-bibliographic data bases; skill in providing general reference and information services including abil­ ity to utilize medical, biological, and chemical reference tools effectively. prefer biology or chemistry degree. salary: $21,093-$31,640 or $24,231 $36,346 depending on level at which position is filled. excellent benefits. an eeo/aa employer. apply to jerry flowers, the upjohn company, 7171 por­ tage road, kalamazoo, mi 49001. systems librarian. houston academy of medicine-texas medical center library. to be responsible for: systems design, development, and implementation; evaluation and maintenance of current automated circulation system; planning subsequent phases of library's automation program; creating and conducting meaningful research projects; serving as a liaison between the library, the common computer service facility and the other texas medical center libraries regarding automation activities. in-house circulation system on pdp11/34 in operation. this position requires programming skills, knowledge of systems analysis techniques, and the ability to analyze complicated library opera­ tions in order to specify new or modified procedures. an ability to work with statistics, management information systems and data processing equipment is highly desirable. both written and verbal communication skills are also im­ portant and applicants must be interested in the public relations aspect of this job. education requirements include an mls from an ala-accredited li­ brary school or an appropriate equivalent degree. salary will be commensurate with experience (minimum $18,000). excellent fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume and references tp janis sharp, personnel librarian, houston academy of medicine-texas medical center library, jesse h. jones library building, houston, texas 77030. head, audiovisual services department. under the direction of the associate director for public services at the houston academy of medicine-texas medical center library, the audiovisual services librarian is responsible for the development and maintenance of the audiovisual collection. responsibilities also include: maintaining a suitable complement of audiovisual equipment in working order; planning audiovisual services and facilities; designing pro­ cedures and recommending policy; providing audiovisual reference service; supervising audiovisual department personnel; orienting and educating users. this position requires 2-3 years of relevant work experience (some supervisory experience preferred). mls from ala-accredited school is essential. minimum starting salary is $19,000. excellent benefits. the houston academy of med­ icine-texas medical center library serves and is jointly supported by nine­ teen health science institutions in the texas medical center including two major medical schools, three nursing schools and various allied health sci­ ence programs. it is also a regional resource library for the south central regional medical library program and actively serves the needs of health professionals. send letters of apllication, resumes and references to janis sharp, personnel librarian, houston academy of medicine-texas medical center library, jesse h. jones library building, 1133 m.d. anderson blvd., houston, texas 77030. university bibliographer. responsible for planning and coordinating collec­ tion development in a subject divisional library of over 1.3 million volumes. will chair collection development committee and work closely with subject librarians in establishing collection development goals, policies, and pro­ cedures. other responsibilities will include faculty liaison and participa­ tion in setting library-wide policies in the areas of management, personnel, 131 and budget as a member of the director's administrative council. required qualifications include an ala-accredited mls, several years of increasingly responsible academic library experience, collection development or related experience and knowledge of national collection development trends. addi­ tional desired qualifications include additional graduate work in a subject field, knowledge of the book trade, substantial knowledge of texas or south­ west history and literature, and basic knowledge of one foreign language, preferably spanish. available september 1, 1981. minimum salary $20,000. twelve month contract. send resume and names of three references by may 1, 1981, to dr. edward r. johnson, director of libraries, north texas state university, denton, tx 76203. an aa/eo employer. head of reference services, associate librarian or librarian, avail. july 1, 1981, univ. of calif., santa cruz. responsible for management of main li­ brary, reference services (primarily humanities and social sciences), central­ ized ill and gov't publ. units. staff of 5 librarians, 9 library assistants, plus students. reports to univ. librarian and serves on principal library admin, council. quals: mls, substantial ref. and admin, experience, excel­ lent supervisory and communication skills, exp. with gov't publ., ill and computerized reference service, and library instruction preferred. social science background helpful. salary: $20,088-$28,908. send resume and three references by may 8, 1981, to kathryn beiers, asst. univ. librarian, univ. library, univ. of calif., santa cruz, ca 59064. catalog editor. new position. responsible for maintaining catalog depart­ ment, centralized aacr2 in lc subject heading authority control system. in­ tegrating previously used headings with new headings in a single catalog for central and departmental libraries. also assists in planning for converting the authority control system and catalogs to an online system. in addition acts as a consultant to other departments and departmental library on aacr2 problems, training their staff in the various methods of resolving aacr2 con­ flicts, and interpreting filing rules. qualifications: mls, 3 years rele­ vant library experience including catalog experience, using lc classification and subject headings, one year using oclc cataloging system or similar auto­ mated cataloging system, and familiarity with aacr2 forms of entry, reading knowledge of one modern european language, ability to work and communicate clearly with library staff at all levels. minimum professional rank: assis­ tant librarian. minimum salary: $14,200. send resume with at least 3 ref­ erences postmarked by may 1, 1981, to: personnel officer, university of cincinnati libraries, 640 central library, ml #30, cincinnati, ohio 45221. university of cincinnati is an affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. two general reference positions. both require an ma in library science from an ala-accredited library school. position #1 requires 2 years professional library experience, and a knowledge of government documents. salary $13,000 $14,000 annually. position #2: no experience necessary but favorably con­ sidered. salary $12,000-$13,000 annually. both: academic rank, retirement and illness benefits. applicants must have the ability to work and communi­ cate effectively with faculty, staff and students. interested applicants should apply by april 30, 1981, to mrs. lucille m. jones, head, administra­ tive services, drexel university libraries, philadelphia, pa 19104. affirma tive-action/equal-opportunity employer. college & research libraries news acrl c ontinuing e d u ca tio n c ou rses, san f ra n cisco acrl will offer five continuing education courses and three section-sponsored preconferences prior to the ala annual meeting in san francisco this june. the ce courses, ranging from one to three days in length, are: ce 1—the librarian as consultant. ce 2—planning and procuring a turnkey library system. ce 3— effective supervisory skills. ce 4—career planning and development for academic librarians: you can get there from here! ce 5— basic archives management for librarians. the preconferences are: pc 1—prem ises, problems, promises: views and ap­ proaches to bibliographic instruction. pc 2—the impact of the new technology on lrc pro­ grams. pc 3—the collection builders: booksellers, collectors, li­ brarians. advance registration is required for these meetings and attendance will be strictly limited. your early registration for the ce courses by june 10 is encouraged to ensure enrollment. registration information for the preconferences is found fol­ lowing each detailed program description. t he librarian as c onsultant this course represents a comprehensive view of the major aspects of consultation and provides participants with the knowledge to interact effectively with clients. consulting skills can be valuable to specialists, managers, organization leaders, and program directors, w hether they are external or internal consultants. topics will include: i. initiating contact or responding to a request for consulta­ tion. • consulting definitions; • issues, concerns, and choices; • why are consultants utilized; • what clients expect. ii. the effective consultant. • maintaining professional competence; • what consultants contribute; acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 4 news from the field acquisitions • on september 27 archbishop fulton john sheen, dedicated the sheen room to house his personal and public archives which he has giv­ en to st. bernard’s seminary, rochester, n.y. these consist of books and pamphlets which he has written since 1925; about 1,500 tapes of sermons, retreats, lectures, and infor­ mal talks; phono-recordings and tv tapes of the “life is worth living” series, 1951-1957; radio and tv tapes of the catholic hour broad­ casts, 1930-1952; newspaper clippings and photographs; correspondence and memorabilia. the dedication of the sheen room marked the beginning of a major library renovation for the 83-year-old seminary to house its 80,000 plus-volume collection. the sheen archives have not yet been cataloged and will be subject to standard archival practices. the rev. jasper pennington, historiographer and priest of the episcopal diocese of roches­ ter, is library director. a sheen chronology and bibliography has been published by the librarian, and copies are available for two dol­ lars each. • sam goldman of denver has given his personal library of approximately 5,000 books to the university of colorado lirrary at boulder, the most important gift of books in the history of the university. the collection con­ tains an important range of materials on music and art, and a large number of first editions of twentieth-century writers, including inscribed first editions of edna st. vincent millay, theo­ dore dreiser, and robert frost. there are more than 2,000 albums of classical music, mostly produced before world war ii, which include performances by the greatest conductors and musicians of that time, including toscanini, fürtwangler, and koussevitsky, and recordings of the great performances of the mozart operas at glyndebourne, england. the largest concentration of the collection is about 2,000 books from the revival of print­ ing as a fine art by the poet william morris in 1891 to the end of that great movement, which profoundly influenced contemporary book pro­ duction, in 1939. the collection includes all 53 books published by morris’ kelmscott press, including the kelmscott chaucer. there are 32 of the 40 books published by the ashendene press, and 42 books published by the doves press, including an immaculate copy of their five-volume bible and a number of inscribed presentation copies by t. j. cobden-sanderson to his wife. there is also a complete set of all publica­ tions of the nonesuch press, one of the finest commercial presses of all time, and 67 books published by the golden cockerell press, in­ cluding its four-volume edition of the canter­ bury tales illustrated by eric gill and a spe­ cially bound copy of keats’ endymion. there is a copy of thomas browne’s urne buriall illustrated by paul nash, one of the most notable books published by cassell in london in the 1920s, and a copy of the ex­ tremely rare translation of homer’s odyssey by t. e. lawrence (of arabia), privately pub­ lished by bruce rogers and emery walker. there are books from the gregynog press, the eragny press, and the vale press, many in un­ usually fine special bindings. the collection includes many books by fol­ lowers of the tradition of printing as a fine art, including the heritage press, the first editions club, the folio society, the imprint society, and a complete set of the books published by the limited editions club from 1929 to 1972. the collection contains complete runs of the fleur on and colophon, two extremely rare pe­ riodicals in the field of fine book-making. the collection was assembled by mr. gold­ man over a period of 50 years, and its acquisi­ tion provides the university library for the first time with a collection of research strength in book-making as a fine art. • common cause, the nonpartisan citizens’ lobby, has designated the princeton univer­ sity library as the repository for its archives and historical materials, beginning with its rec­ ords for 1970 and 1971, which were recently received in the newly opened seeley g. mudd manuscript library. common cause was founded in 1970 by john w. gardner, former secretary of health, education and welfare, to promote openness, responsiveness, and accountability in govern­ ment, working with members of congress and state legislators with the aid of professional lob­ byists in washington and in the several states. james m. banner, jr., associate professor of history and a member of the national governing board of common cause, noted that the ar­ chives will add significantly to the university library’s collections of the papers of modern american public affairs organizations, which in­ clude the archives of the american civil lib­ erties union as well as other holdings of related interest. banner called common cause “one of the most influential and venturesome organiza­ tions to take shape in the 1970s,” whose records “will greatly enhance scholars’ ability to under­ 5 stand recent american political history. that princeton is to be their home is testimony to the university’s growth as a major repository for materials on modern statecraft and govern­ ment.” the archives of common cause will include correspondence and other documents dating from its beginning in 1970 and relating to its founding; documents relating to its governing boards, staff, and internal affairs; papers con­ nected with studies, reports, and memoranda issued by common cause; and press releases and other papers. following the first install­ ment of noncurrent records, additions to the archives will be made annually, with each new installment containing files dating from five years prior to their acquisition by the library. it is understood that the papers will be general­ ly accessible to researchers as soon as the li­ brary staff has been able to organize them and prepare the necessary cataloging. • the friends of the columbia university libraries celebrated their 25th anniversary november 4. a devoted group of some 500 private book collectors and scholar-benefactors, it constitutes one of the oldest continuously active organiza­ tions of its kind at a major american university. the friends have brought research materials worth more than $2.3 million to columbia since 1951 through purchases and gifts from their personal collections. their chairman is gordon n. ray, president of the john simon guggen­ heim memorial foundation. the original rockwell kent drawings for walt whitman’s leaves of grass were for­ mally presented to the university by the friends as a group. more than 165 members and their families made special contributions toward the purchase of the 127 drawings, in­ cluding herman wouk, francis t. p. plimp­ ton, william s. paley, corliss lamont, melville cane, paul mellon, mr. and mrs. helmut n. friedlaender, and william s. beinecke. a copy of the 1936 edition of leaves of grass, in­ scribed by kent, accompanied the gift. the drawings “express with both strength and deli­ cacy kent’s sympathy for the poet’s celebration of america,” said columbia rare books librarian kenneth a. lohf. the materials will become part of the extensive rockwell kent collection at columbia, which numbers more than 5,000 drawings and sketches. these and other selections from the gift col­ lection are being exhibited through february 24 on the third floor of butler library, 114th street and broadway. • the millionth volume of the texas a&m university libraries, a gift from mrs. m. f. (chan) driscoll of midland, texas, was offi­ cially accepted by clyde h. wells, chairman of the board of regents of the texas a&m uni­ versity system, in a special ceremony on no­ vember 20. considered by collectors to be “number one” among the top rarities in the literature of the range cattle industry, prose and poetry of the live stock industry of the united states ( den­ ver and kansas city: national live stock his­ torical association, 1905) was described by dr. irene b. hoadley, director of libraries, as es­ pecially appropriate for addition to the univer­ sity libraries’ collections during texas a&m university’s centennial year because it records some of the first accounts of the colorful range cattle industry which flourished in texas a century ago. the donor, who owns ranchlands near mid­ land, texas, is a past president of the friends of the texas a&m university library and is presently vice-president and president-elect of the organization. two of mrs. driscoll’s sons are graduates of texas a&m university, and she was instrumental in the organization of the texas a&m university mothers’ club in mid­ land, serving as its first president. the rare prose and poetry of the live stock industry of the united states has been identi­ fied by one book collector, louis p. merrill, as the “king of the book aristocrats” of the range cattle literature. in a recently published bibli­ ography of 120 “best books on the range cattle industry,” william s. reese deems it to be “the most desired and desirable book on the range cattle industry.” prose and poetry of the live stock industry of the united states joins a wealth of other rarities in the university libraries’ jeff dykes range livestock collection, which is one of the most extensive collections on the subject. the nucleus of this research collection, which now contains more than 9,000 items, was put to­ gether by texas a&m university alumnus jeff dykes of college park, maryland. • peter l. oliver, librarian of the andover harvard theological library, has announced the gift to the harvard divinity school of the universalist historical society (uhs) li­ brary. a rare and valuable collection of some 5,000 books, 2,200 bound periodicals, 672 vol­ umes of manuscripts, and 1,600 pamphlets, the uhs library includes official records of the universalist church of america, the unitarian universalist service committee, the universal­ ist publishing house, the universalist youth fellowship, the general sunday school associa­ tion, as well as papers of univeralist ministers and records of many state organizations and local churches. rarer items in the collection include the un­ published letters of john murray, the founder of american universalism; the letters and work­ books of hosea ballou, the denomination’s pre­ 6 eminent nineteenth-century theologian; the minute book of the earliest gathering of univer salists in the united states, the 1790 conven­ tion in philadelphia; and records of the uni versalists’ general conventions from 1793 nlw materials available 1977 national library week (n lw ) posters, banners, and bookmarks are now available from the american library as­ sociation. the materials all carry the message “use your library” and are designed to get all kinds of people into all kinds of libraries. they’re as effective an adver­ tisement for college as for school libraries and for special as for public libraries. designed by john massey (creator of the “great ideas of man” series), the posters can be used to promote your li­ brary’s services, materials, and programs before, during, and long after nlw 1977 (april 17-23) has passed. only the ban­ ners are dated. in a list of possible uses for the ma­ terials that will accompany every order, ala officials suggest specific ways to get the posters displayed outside the library, where they will be seen by nonusers. the october issue of american libraries includes this list, as well as color repro­ ductions of the materials. posters will arrive in a mailing tube, not folded, so they’re perfect for hanging and framing. ala will also provide, up­ on request, a suggested list of retail prices so libraries can sell posters to the public. private companies will again this year be selling nlw materials, but the graph­ ics described above are the only ones of­ fered by the american library associa­ tion. income from sales is reinvested in a year-round library publicity campaign. also available for ordering is a set of four tv slide adaptations of the posters that include 10-second scripts and are perfect for use on local television or li­ brary cable programs. besides the suggestion kit of publicity ideas, each order will also include cam­ era-ready copy of national print ads for use in local or in-house publications and sample news releases. write to the public information office, american library association, for an or­ der form. the form includes prices, sizes, and color reproductions of the materials. through 1869. a large portion of the records and reports of these conventions exist solely in the original ledger books. the uhs library was founded in 1834, and for the next 35 years was in the possession of the rev. thomas j. sawyer. in 1869, sawyer took the library with him to tufts university, where he taught for some time but where his library remained for more than a century. finally, in june 1975, the society voted to turn the library over to the harvard divinity school, whose existing collection the gift enhances ap­ preciably. several years ago, the andover-harvard the­ ological library acquired many of the books and periodicals and nearly all of the manu­ scripts held by the historical library of the unitarian universalist association; and since that time, the association has given its nine­ teenthand much of its early twentieth-century archives to the divinity school. the combina­ tion of this gift and the newly acquired uhs library makes harvard’s the richest available collection of unitarian universalist historical materials. • maestro william steinberg, former musi­ cal director of the pittsburgh symphony or­ chestra, has made a generous gift of books, music scores, and mementos to the university of pittsburgh. although william steinberg is best known as an orchestral conductor, he was in private life an avid reader and book collector. his gift to the university includes about 1,400 volumes of literature, represented by titles in english, german, french, japanese, and chinese. steinberg’s gift of music consists of about 800 titles, including full and study scores, opera scores, chamber works, vocal and piano solos, facsimile reprints, and recordings. he received numerous presentation copies of symphonic works signed by the composers, such as sam­ uel barber, aaron copland, nicholai lopat nikoff, richard strauss, arnold schoenberg, ernst toch, and virgil thompson. while not a music antiquarian, steinberg acquired early editions of beethoven, chopin, haydn, and mozart, as well as an autographed copy of richard wagner’s walküre. also included in the gift are various awards, photographs, mementos, and miscellaneous items, such as bronze medallions, silver presen­ tation bowls, presentation scrolls, publicity photographs, and presentation photographs of notable musicians of his acquaintance. this gift is currently being processed by the university librarians, and, with the generous support of the hillman foundation, a perma­ nent display case will be located in the hill­ man library and will feature highlights from the collection along with a pastel portrait of dr. steinberg. 7 awards • dean thomas j. galvin has announced that mrs. marilyn whitmore, a student in the doctoral program at the graduate school of li­ brary and information sciences, university of pittsburgh, is the first recipient of the school’s harold lancour award for excellence in in­ ternational and comparative librarianship. dean emeritus harold lancour was on hand to pre­ sent the award to mrs. whitmore at the annual dinner of the university of pittsburgh and car­ negie library schools alumni association oc­ tober 29. the cash award of $250 is accompa­ nied by an engrossed certificate. honorable mention, with awards of $50 each, went to mina schwarz-seim and naimuddin qureshi. also at the dinner, dr. gerald orner pre­ sented the previously announced catherine ofiesh orner award to its first recipient, ms. cecile wesley. the award of $500 for excel­ lence in information science was established by the orner and ofiesh families in memory of dr. omer’s late wife, a notable alumna of the school. ms. wesley, a native of the sudan, in­ tends to return there after completing her work for the ph.d. degree. both awards are made on the basis of a paper suitable for publication in a journal of the profession. ms. wesley’s paper was entitled “planning for a national scientific and technical information system.” the title of mrs. whitmore’s paper was “the role of education and national development in latin american librarianship.” • the american revolution in drawings and prints, compiled by donald h. cresswell of the j. murrey atkins library, university of north carolina at charlotte, has won a certifi­ cate of award in the printing industries of america’s graphic arts awards competi­ tion. a publication of the library of congress, the book includes more than 900 illustrations of works created between 1765 and 1790. the publication was prepared as a part of lc’s american revolution bicentennial program. mr. cresswell, a member of the library fac­ ulty at the university, is the acting special collections librarian. he holds degrees from belmont abbey college, the university of cin­ cinnati, and george washington university. he is currently a candidate for the ph.d. degree at george washington university. exhibits the affinity between art and poetry as ex­ pressed in america’s “little” magazines is the focus of a major exhibit at the library of congress. “making it new: poetry and the visual arts in american publications, 1893 1975,” a display of 300 magazines, prints, photographs, and posters, examines the close association between poetry and the visual arts in avant-garde publications. from the beginning, little magazines have been open to writers as well as workers in the visual arts. on exhibit is america’s first little lit­ erary review, the chap-book, founded in 1893 by stone & kimball, which created and popu­ larized the art nouveau style. also shown are library of congress revises schedule of automation of cataloging the library of congress processing department has revised some of its auto­ mation priorities in the light of the funds appropriated by the congress for the current fiscal year that began october 1. the number of additional positions au­ thorized for the marc development office and the marc editorial division will permit the expansion of marc ( machine-readable cataloging) cover­ age to all current cataloging in roman alphabet languages not now being done in machine-readable form, but input of sound recordings and music scores, also planned for fiscal year 1977, will be de­ ferred until fiscal year 1978. by a domi­ no effect, coverage of publications in cyrillic is being rescheduled to 1979 and other nonroman-alphabet materials to 1980. the decision to give a higher priority to other roman-alphabet languages rather than to sound recordings and music scores is based on the much more exten­ sive developmental work that automating the cataloging of these nonbook forms will require. there is insufficient staff in the marc development office to allo­ cate to this task without seriously dis­ rupting other programs with urgent pri­ orities. input of the other roman-alphabet lan­ guages is expected to begin early in 1977, after staff has been recruited and trained for the new positions authorized in marc editorial division. of the ap­ proximately 120 languages being added to the marc data base, albanian, cre­ ation, czech, hungarian, indonesian, latvian, lithuanian, malay, polish, slovak, turkish, and vietnamese will probably encompass about 95 percent of the new material cataloged; the rest will be made up largely of occasional titles in african, amerindian, pacific, and mis­ cellaneous languages. 8 reviews devoted to publishing both art and poetry on their pages, among them the trans­ atlantic review, dial, hound and horn, tiger’s eye, and partisan review. frequently magazines carried works by poets who were artists or by artists who wrote poetry, such as humorist gelett burgess, whose draw­ ings and poems were published in the lark; poet e. e. cummings, whose drawings often ap­ peared in the dial; and painter marsden hart­ ley, who was a prolific poet. some artists and poets collaborated to produce a work of art; an example in the exhibit is 21 etchings and poems, a portfolio of etchings containing poems in the poet’s hand, published by the morris gallery in 1960. organized by period, the exhibit covers the art nouveau movement, the twenties, the ex­ patriates, the thirties, post-world-war-ii years, regionalism, and the contemporaries. there are also sections of drawings and photographs of artists and poets done by artists and photogra­ phers. the little magazine emerged in the 1890s as a reaction to mass-produced books which tech­ nical innovations like offset printing made pos­ sible. after 1910, a combination of events—the rise of new experimental movements in the arts, the increased need for outlets for work directed to small audiences, and the birth of the small press movement— led to a great flour­ ishing of the little magazine as the home of the new, the experimental, and noncommercial, and the controversial that continues today. the 1976 international directory of little maga­ zines and small presses, which runs to more than 300 pages, is a testimony to the populari­ ty of this medium. “making it new . . .” (the title is derived from ezra pound’s admonition to poets to “make it new” ) has been mounted in conjunc­ tion with the washington, d.c., area-wide poetry and visual arts project, “inscapes: words and images.” it will be on display for an indefinite period in the central corridors, ground floor, library of congress building. grants • the library school, university of southern california, has received a grant of $44,900 from the research division, bureau of library services of the u.s. office of educa­ tion, for a continuation of its “independent self-paced professional educational program.” the first year’s grant was $86,000. the purpose of this program is to provide an independent, self-paced, professional education­ al program in library and information science for those persons who because of heavy finan­ cial, personal, or family obligations are unable to attend classes in the traditional, scheduled daily classroom setting of formal on-campus study. • the office of university library manage­ ment studies (oms) of the association of research libraries has received a grant of $110,000 from the andrew w. mellon founda­ tion in support of a project to design and test a procedure for the analysis of collection acqui­ sition, retention, and preservation policies at university research libraries. the objective of the project is to identify and investigate key issues related to collection development, such as characteristics of effective collection development policies and mechanisms for revising such policies in response to needed change; the functions, role, and performance of research libraries in terms of size and quality of collections and reliability and speed of ac­ cess to collections; requirements for libraries’ decision-making processes regarding collection development in a period of economic retrench­ ment; the reconciliation of steady-state or re­ duced budgets to the increasing costs of ac­ quiring needed collections; and ways of ensur­ ing that the limited amount of money that an individual research library has to spend on de­ velopment of collections is used in the most effective way possible. consideration of these issues will focus on local library needs and capabilities and regional and national trends in resource sharing. the collection analysis project will be a three-phase effort lasting approximately one year. the first phase will be devoted to the de­ sign of a collections analysis self-study proce­ dure for individual libraries; the second phase will be a pilot test of the analytical procedures at a limited number of libraries; and the third phase will focus on evaluating the pilot test with subsequent consideration of appropriate next steps. to accomplish the project design, the office of university library management studies will draw upon its experiences in designing and op­ erating the management review and analysis program, the mcgill university libraries per­ formance evaluation project, the academic li­ brary development program, and the systems and procedures exchange center. the project provides a unique opportunity to apply con­ temporary management methods to the investi­ gation of other substantive concerns of research libraries. the principal objective of the association of research libraries is to develop the resources and services of research libraries of north america. the office of university library man­ agement studies was established in 1970 by the arl with financial support from the council on library resources to provide assistance to research libraries in strengthening their man­ agement processes and organizational perform­ 9 ance. the oms operation is currently support­ ed by arl membership dues, a grant from the council on library resources, and sale of ser­ vices and publications. project investigators will be duane e. webster, director of the of­ fice, and jeffrey j. gardner, management re­ search specialist. • northwestern university lirrary has been selected to administer a bibliographical project for the national library of venezuela. the program planned by the national library has two phases. the first one will be the identi­ fication of the complete bibliographical record of venezuelan history in all formats. the sec­ ond phase is the retrieval, on a selective basis, of materials from this bibliographical source. northwestern university library will be re­ sponsible for two principal objectives of phase i. the first is the compilation of a ma­ chine-readable project catalog of the holdings on venezuela and by venezuelans in the major research libraries in the united states. the catalog will cover the fields of humanities, so­ cial sciences, science, technology, and archival materials. the preliminary estimate for the number of monographs is about 200,000, while the number of nonbook titles is unknown. the second important objective of the proj­ ect is the training of three librarians from venezuela each year of the project. this inten­ sive program will emphasize bibliographical techniques essential for effective work at north­ western university library and at their respec­ tive institutions when they return to venezuela. special attention will center on cataloging, search techniques, bibliographical skills, inter­ national standards, and computer technology for library operations. the visiting librarians will also have an opportunity to observe re­ search methods and modern library techniques in other libraries in the united states. the venezuela project, funded for two years at a total cost of $1.4 million, will be located in space adjacent to the newspaper/microtext department. • clene (continuing library educa­ tion network and exchange) has begun polling personnel in the library/media/informa tion professions for ideas that will lead to the development of a model continuing education recognition system. this major project was funded by the u.s. office of education program for library re­ search and demonstration under title ii-b, higher education act, beginning in mid-sep­ tember. the grant expires june 30, 1977. its objective is to develop a model system for recognition of those in the library/media/in formation professions who participate in con­ tinuing education activities. a draft proposal will be circulated in the spring of 1977 for comments. surveys conducted by the national commis­ sion on libraries and information science (nclis), as well as state, regional, and na­ tional studies, revealed keen interest in devel­ oping incentives for post-entry-level education. the model recognition system project is based on the premise that a carefully designed continuing education program will enhance an individual’s competency and a recognition award system will encourage this activity. • the national endowment for the hu­ manities has awarded a $35,508 grant to the university of washington archives and manuscripts division. the two-year grant allowed work to begin in january for the compilation of entries for a comprehensive guide to the holdings of the university’s regional manuscripts collection, as well as personal papers in the university ar­ chives. a guide will be published after the entries have been completed. the university collection is of national as well as regional importance in supplying the re­ search needs of a large research university and documenting the development of a major north­ west population center. “we in the archives and manuscripts division of the university library are naturally proud of the national stature of our collections,” said richard c. berner, university archivist and di­ vision head. “this stature has been achieved despite a less than optimal growth rate due to insufficient storage space, a situation faced much of the time since 1966.” berner pointed out that the neh rarely awards grant funds for this type of project, but “the combination of national importance of the university’s collections and the inability of the library to sustain this basic program” made the grant possible. work on such a compilation had been terminated because of work overload and staffing cutbacks, beginning in 1968. • the research libraries group, inc., has been awarded a $197,200 grant from the carnegie corporation of new york to develop, in cooperation with the library of congress, a computer-based cataloging system. the 18 month pilot project will provide for inception and operation of the first remote on-line access by a library network directly to lc’s machine readable cataloging ( marc) data base. specifically, the grant will fund the estab­ lishment of a telecommunications link between the similar computer systems of the new york public library and the library of congress. the project’s initial phase will be the connect­ ing of the two systems in such a manner that rlg terminals at both the nypl and colum­ 10 bia university appear to the lc system just as lc’s own terminals. later stages in the system’s expansion will see harvard and yale terminals tied in with lc’s data base through the nypl system. to ensure maximum benefits from the new system, rlg members have agreed to adopt a single cataloging standard based on na­ tional norms and on the practices of the library of congress. according to james e. skipper, president of the research libraries group, the endeavor is an important first step towards creation of the comprehensive computer-based bibliographic processing system that represents the rlg’s primary aim. the project also is expected to supply statistics and experience requisite for in­ stitution of a system for remote access by other library networks to library of congress data bases. the rlg concurrently is planning an addi­ tional joint effort, with the library of congress, to introduce the standards and communications technology necessary for sophisticated linkage between library networks and lc. under the direction of john f. knapp, rlg’s vice-presi­ dent for systems, this supplemental program is designed to ease the identification and trans­ mission of bibliographic data and to enable the rlg to contribute thousands of catalog records annually to the national data base for titles not acquired by lc. the link established also would permit automatic transfer of unsuccessful electronic searches of the national data base at lc to other bibliographic data bases around the country. • two grants to radcliffe college for the use of the arthur and elizabeth schlesinger library on the history of women in america have been announced. the national endow­ ment for the humanities has awarded a three year grant of $133,784 to process the papers of american women and their families, and a national historical publications and records commission grant of $12,637 will fund the first phase of a project to process the papers of massachusetts women and organizations. the neh-funded project, entitled “career and family patterns of american women,” will enable the schlesinger library to prepare for research use approximately 30 manuscript col­ lections. according to patricia king, director of the library, who will head the project, the papers to be processed include those of nation­ ally known women, including freda kirchwey, editor of the nation; jeannette rankin, the first woman in congress; and miriam van waters, penologist and head of the framingham re­ formatory for women from 1931 to 1957. oth­ er collections are the records of less-well-known women but have the potential to shed light on many aspects of the history of the family and on the experience of women in both employ­ ment and the home. the neh grant will also fund the microfilming of a few fragile and heavily used manuscript collections. the nhprc-funded project will be under the direction of eva moseley, curator of manu­ scripts at the schlesinger library. during the year for which funding has been awarded, the voluminous records of the north bennet street industrial school will be processed. the north bennet street school, which is still active to­ day, was founded in boston’s north end in 1881 to offer vocational instruction for children and adults. a settlement house was added early in the 20th century, and the school’s records, which date from the 1880s to the 1950s, will illuminate various aspects of immigrant, labor, women’s, educational, urban, and social history. meetings january 28-f ebruary 2: the fifth annual conference of the art libraries society of north america will be held in los angeles at the staffer hilton hotel. included in the pro­ gram are visits to the getty museum, los an­ geles county museum of art, architectural highlights of los angeles, etc. for more infor­ mation, contact: judith a. hoffberg, executive secretary, p.o. box 3692, glendale, ca 91201. february 6-11: “the effective use of oclc,” kent state university. contact: pro­ fessor anne marie allison, university libraries, kent state university, kent, oh 44242. february 16: an “interactive biblio­ graphic reference and retrieval” work­ shop will be held at the university of arizona, graduate library school, 1515 e. first st., tucson, az 85719. march 7-9: dr. william o. baker, president, bell laboratories, will present the miles conrad memorial lecture at the 1977 annual confer­ ence of the national federation of ab­ stracting and indexing services. the con­ ference will be held at stauffers national cen­ ter hotel, crystal city, arlington, virginia. dr. baker’s accomplishments as scientist and research executive have brought him many hon­ ors and awards, including the american chem­ ical society’s priestley and perkin medals, the honor scroll of the american institute of chemists, and the industrial research institute medal. see the december news for more infor­ mation. april 24-27: “clinic on library applica­ tions of data processing—negotiating for computer services,” university of illinois, uc, illini union. contact: edward kalb, uni­ versity of illinois, 116 illini hall, champaign, 11 il 61820. see the december news for more information. april 27-30: the ninth annual meeting of the council on botanical and horticul­ tural libraries will be held at the morton arboretum, lisle, illinois. further information may be obtained from: ian macphail, librari­ an, sterling morton library, the morton ar­ boretum, lisle, il 60532. may 8-20: eleventh annual library ad­ ministrators d evelopment program, uni­ versity of maryland’s donaldson brown center. contact: mrs. effie t. knight, administrative assistant, library administrators development program, college of library and information services, university of maryland, college park, md 20742. see the december news for more information. may 12-14: midwestern academic li­ brarians conference, 22nd annual meeting, st. cloud state university. contact: tony schulzetenberg, st. cloud state university, st. cloud, mn 56301. june 6-10: “women in library manage­ ment.” contact: drs. judith braunagel and john ellison, school of information and library studies, state university of new york at buf­ falo, 201 bell hall, amherst, ny 14260. june 12-17: the university of florida at gainesville will be the site of the twenty second seminar on the acquisition of lat­ in american library materials. the theme of the seminar will be “the multifaceted role of the latin american sub­ ject specialist.” a series of workshops, panels, and roundtables will examine the multiple and diverse activities engaged in by present day subject or area specialists. these activities in­ clude the selection of library materials in all formats, the technical procedures involved in acquiring the material, making it available to the public, and the provision of reference ser­ vice and classroom instruction. the seminars on the acquisition of latin cinema studies librarians there will be an organizational meet­ ing at ala midwinter meeting to form a discussion group for cinema studies li­ brarians. check the board at registration for time and place. for information, con­ tact nancy manley, university of illinois (217 ) 333-3479, or jill caldwell, indi­ ana university (812) 337-3314. american library materials have been spon­ sored since 1956 by the organization of ameri­ can states as an activity of its inter-american program of library and bibliographic develop­ ment and carried on informally by libraries and institutions interested in the procurement of latin american materials. registration for the twenty-second seminar is $20 for members and $30 for nonmembers. librarians and scholars from latin america and the caribbean may register without charge. students from all areas will be admitted free to the conference but must register and pay a fee of $12.50 if they wish sets of the preprinted papers and abstracts distributed at the meeting and the final report and working papers of the conference, published afterward by the salalm secretariat. invitation and registra­ tion forms will be distributed soon. information on the content of the program and working papers may be procured from mrs. mary ma gruder brady, university of saskatchewan li­ brary, saskatoon, saskatchewan, canada s7n owo. news on local arrangements will be sup­ plied by rosa q. mesa, latin american docu­ ments, university of florida libraries, gaines­ ville, fl 32611. for other information refer to the executive secretary, miss lou wetherbee, university of texas at austin, benson latin american collection, sid richardson hall 1-108, austin, tx 78712. june 20-24: the american theological library association will hold its thirty-first annual conference at the vancouver school of theology in vancouver, british columbia, can­ ada. further information may be secured from: dr. john b. trotti, librarian, union theologi­ cal seminary in virginia, 3401 brook rd., rich­ mond, va 23227. miscellany • the research libraries group (r l g ), comprising the libraries of columbia, harvard, and yale universities and the research li­ braries of the new york public library, recent­ ly was chartered as a nonprofit corporation in the state of connecticut. as a corporation, the rlg will continue the work it has undertaken since its start three years ago as an informal consortium— planning and implementing pro­ grams for the improvement of access to its com­ bined collection, for the elimination of unneces­ sary duplication in collection development, and for the establishment of a single computer based bibliographic processing system to serve the needs of present and future group mem­ bers. the research libraries group, inc., will be governed by a board of directors composed of the corporation president and three representa­ tives from each member institution. the presi­ 12 dent and the directors of member libraries to­ gether will constitute the executive committee of the board. officers of the corporation are warren j. haas (columbia), chairman of the board of di­ rectors; james e. skipper (rlg, inc.), presi­ dent; patricia battin (columbia), secretary; and john e. ecklund (yale), treasurer. other members of the board of directors are douglas w. bryant, director of the harvard university library; richard w. couper, presi­ dent of the new york public library; juanita doares, planning officer for the new york pub­ lic library; donald b. engley, associate yale university librarian; james w. henderson, di­ rector of research libraries of the new york public library; louis e. martin, librarian of harvard college; rutherford rogers, yale uni­ versity librarian; joe b. wyatt, director of the office of information technology, harvard university; and james s. young, vice-president for academic planning at columbia university. • the library of congress was host to participants at a three-day meeting on novem­ ber 10-12 to address one of the great uncharted areas of english-language bibliography— the creation of a comprehensive record of printing in the english-speaking world for the years 1701-1800. this mount everest of bibliograph­ ic projects—as the london times styled it— has long been contemplated by bibliographers. as comparable compilations for the years 1475 to 1640 and 1641 to 1700 near completion, scholars in the field have been asserting that the time is ripe to turn attention to the 18th cen­ tury. to consider the feasibility of compiling such a catalog, the british library and the ameri­ can society for eighteenth century studies (asecs) convened a conference in london on june 14-18 of last year. the 40 american and british librarians, bibliographers, scholars, and computer specialists who gathered for this pur­ pose concluded that such a project is indeed feasible. to carry forward their work, they ap­ pointed a smaller group, the organizing com­ mittee, to explore issues which had proved incapable of easy resolution. it is this smaller 13-member group which met at the library of congress, chaired by d. t. richnell, director general of the british library reference division, and paul j. kor shin, executive secretary of asecs. directors of the libraries of harvard, the bodleian li­ brary, oxford, the cambridge university li­ brary, the john rylands library, manchester, and the john carter brown library are among the committee members working to bring this project closer to fruition. william matheson, chief of the rare book and special collections division, is the library of congress representa­ tive on the organizing committee. meeting discussion papers addressed such matters as methodology for entering informa­ tion into the computer, the length of the short title entry, the interrelationships of this project with existing bibliographic projects, and— per­ haps the most vexing question of the london meeting—what should be included. in discuss­ ing the size of the project, the london confer­ ence took 500,000 entries as a base figure. de­ pending on the definition of ephemera (the “ragged edge” of publication in the period as one of the participants in the june conference labelled it), the figure might be increased by hundreds of thousands of entries. the commit­ tee is seeking solutions which serve the pur­ poses of scholarship and are at the same time possible within the financial constraints inevita­ bly imposed on such an undertaking. to identify the materials to be incorporated into this project, the search is expected to ex­ tend into more than 500 libraries throughout the world. the benefits of the resulting record to students of all aspects of english civilization will be incalculable. scholars will have access to information on hitherto unknown materials of interest to their fields and on relevant hold­ ings throughout the world. the resulting record will enable the library of congress and other major research libraries better to fulfill their roles as centers of scholarship. • the cataloging distribution service of the library of congress is 75 years old. known formerly and perhaps better known as the card division, the service is in the business of distributing cataloging information through­ out the library world, a task that once involved primarily the sale of catalog cards and which today also includes the sale of numerous book and microform catalogs and cataloging informa­ tion in the form of marc (machine readable cataloging) tapes. catalog cards are still an important part of the lc’s service to the library community, as witnessed by the fact that more than one billion cards have been sold just in the last 20 years. that figure represents only a por­ tion of the total number printed and dis­ tributed. on october 28, 1901, a four-page announce­ ment signed by then librarian of congress herbert putnam polled the library community for interest in subscribing to the lc card ser­ vice. the response was so satisfactory that a month later “a second circular, giving addition­ al information and correcting misapprehen­ sions” was issued. the response continues. in fiscal year 1976, the cataloging distribution service distributed more than 82 million cata­ log cards and tens of thousands of publications and marc records. automation and diversification signalled the name change from card division to cataloging distribution service. in 1968, the first stage of 13 mechanization of the card distribution service was installed. orders for cards are now received on machine-readable order forms, and marc records are used to print sets of cards auto­ matically for the lc catalogs and for distribu­ tion to the library community. according to deputy librarian of congress william j. welsh, the service is continuing to distribute the bibliographic products of the lc processing department in both conventional book form and in microform. for example, li­ brary of congress subject headings is now being issued in a completely new edition every three months in microfiche and in microfilm produced by the computer-output-microform (com) process. paralleling the other services is the marc distribution service, begun with an experiment nearly 10 years ago in which marc informa­ tion on magnetic tapes was distributed weekly to 16 cooperating libraries. that service has grown to include virtually all lc’s current cata­ loging of roman-alphabet monographs and to include motion pictures, films, filmstrips, maps, and serials. ultimately all the lc cataloging output will be included. a new marc service, announced only last month, will make available lc authority data in machine-readable form. the first files being made available are subject headings and refer­ ences, but the format has been designed so that all kinds of authorities, such as names, subjects, and uniform titles, can reside in the same data base or be manipulated by the same programs. the service is a joint effort of the lc catalog­ ing division, the marc development office, and the cataloging distribution service. while automation of lc’s catalogs has been a topic of discussion at the library of congress and throughout the library world, current cata­ loging distribution service chief david rem­ ington has assured librarians that lc has no plans to discontinue distributing printed cards or publications. “as long as there is sufficient demand to support the distribution of these ser­ vices financially,” he said, “the library will con­ tinue to provide them.” • the h. raymond danforth library at new england college was dedicated octo­ ber 17 in a formal ceremony held at the col­ lege’s new science building. danforth, 71, a native of concord, n.h., served as superintendent of schools in concord, nashua, epping, and foxboro, mass., and as a teacher and principal in the keene and clare­ mont school systems before becoming new england college’s fourth president in 1958. dan huntington fenn, jr., director of the j. f. kennedy library in waltham, mass., was awarded an honorary doctor of laws degree during the ceremony, which was followed by a reception in the danforth library. some 150 faculty, trustees, and friends of new england college were in attendance. h. raymond danforth served as new eng­ land college’s president from 1958 until 1969. the four-year liberal arts college received its accreditation under his administration in 1967. • nominations for the 1977 robert b. downs award for outstanding contributions to intellectual freedom in libraries are now be­ ing accepted by the graduate school of library science, university of illinois at urbana-cham­ paign. the award was established in 1968 to honor downs, now dean emeritus of library adminis­ tration at illinois, on his 25th anniversary with the university. the $500 award will be presented by the uiuc library school alumni during the fall of 1977. herbert goldhor, director of the school, said the award may go to a library board member, a nonprofessional staff member, a professional librarian, a government official, or anyone who has worked to further intellectual freedom and the cause of truth in any type of library. nominations may be placed by librarians or laymen, he said. though preference will be given to u.s. nominees, candidates from other countries will be considered, goldhor said. the faculty of the school will select the winner or may decide that no one qualifies. letters of nomination will be considered un­ til april 15 and should be sent to goldhor at the graduate school of library science, uni­ versity of illinois, urbana, il 61801. • westex is the western continuing ed­ ucation (c e ) information exchange and net­ work coordinated by wilco (western inter­ state library coordinating organization). the purpose of westex is to provide a centralized place in the west where continuing education planners can come when they need assistance to (a) locate current and complete information on continuing education resources ( courses, programs, seminars, etc., and personnel), (b ) evaluate the effectiveness and impact of con­ tinuing education resources, and (c) utilize existing resources or develop new ones. by sharing information on programs and their impact on those who have experienced them, the goal is to reduce redundant or irrele­ vant development and improve the quality of continuing education. by having a continuing staff resource at westex, the goal is to save time for those responsible for continuing edu­ cation programs at the state, local, or regional level in any type of library, media, or informa­ tion center. for more information, contact eleanor a. montague, director, wilco, western interfor extra convenience in using choice ... w ith the first issue o f volume 5 (march 1968), c h o ic e began an additional service long requested by subscribers — c h o ic e r eview s-on-c ards. if you were n o t among the service's charter subscribers, you may w a n t to consider it now. r eviews-on-c ards can make your acquisitions system as versatile as you like. they make it easy to separate and distribute reviews sim ultaneously to other librarians and fa cu lty (no more tearing up maga­ zines or w aiting forever fo r circulating copies to return). they save clerical steps in ordering and checking holdings (ample space for notations on both sides). they are a cataloging aid, and they are easy to locate in your desiderata file. you w ill find dozens o f uses for them. as c h o ic e goes to press, all reviews are reprinted on 3 x 5 cards. each is identified by subject and issue date. collated in the order follow ed in the magazine, they are boxed and mailed to you via fourth class mail, special handling. you should receive them w ithin three weeks after your regular issue o f c h o ice. a year's subscription to review s-on-c ards (available only to c h o ic e magazine subscribers) costs $110.00. w ith current publication o f approxim ately 6,500 reviews per year, the cost o f the card service is only 1.7c per review. acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 12 / c&rl news “ask at r e fe r e n c e ” fo r b a c k lo g g e d b ook s b y r u b y m iller assistant director fo r technical services trinity university library a n d b a rb a ra j. f ord associate director trinity university library how to avoid user frustration as arrearages grow. cataloging arrearages or backlogs have been dis cussed in the library literature from the 1940s to the present. considering the continuing relevance of the subject, this report on a program at trinity university to make the backlog accessible through the public catalog may be of interest. background in th e m em oranda on library cooperation, published by the library of congress in 1941, h er­ bert a. kellar listed accum ulated arrearages of u n ­ cataloged books and pam phlets as a problem . he noted th at, according to one calculation, 20% of the holdings of research institutions were uncata­ loged.1 a 1951 m eeting of the ala division of c at­ aloging and classification discussed cataloging a r­ re a ra g e s a t u c l a , y ale, th e u n iv e rsity of pennsylvania, brooklyn public, c olum bia, and the l ibrary of congress.2 lucile m. morsch from the library of congress observed: “w e must find some way to live w ithin our means, in other words, to catalog each year all the current acquisitions, or otherwise organize them for service in such a way th a t the m aterials will never be considered a cata­ loging arrearage.”3 at the same program , m aurice 1h erbert a. keller, memoranda on library co­ operation (w ashington, d .c .: l ib rary of c on­ gress, 1941) , 21. 2journal o f cataloging and classification 7 (fall 1951):89-109. 3lucile m. morsch, “cataloging arrearages in t au b er sum m arized the solutions to arrearage problems and discussed “the growing concern of li­ brarians generally w ith the need to adapt, tailor, and modify traditional methods of organizing m a­ terials w hen these methods are too complex to p er­ m it the reasonably prom pt assimilation of m ateri­ als acquired into their collections.”4 in 1968 george piternick sent a questionnaire on cataloging arrearages to a sample of association of research libraries members, and in 1985 grace agnew, christina l andram , and jane richards ad m in istered a n o th er q u estio n n aire. p iternick concluded in his 1968 study th a t “some type of per­ m anent cataloging below ‘lc standard’ for mono­ graphs had little appeal for the great m ajority of li­ braries now operating w ith arrearages.”5 by 1985 agnew, l a n d ra m , an d r ichards found w id e­ spread concerns about arrearages.6 they identified two m ajor strategies for coping w ith them : placing the backlog in a public area while providing minithe l ibrary of congress,” journal o f cataloging and classification 7 (fall 1951): 103. 4maurice f. t auber, “summ ary of solutions to arrearage problem ,” journal o f cataloging and classification 7 (fall 1951): 107. 5george piternick, “university library a rrear­ ages,” library resources & technical services 13 (w inter 1969): 104. 6grace agnew, christina l andram , and jane richards, “m onograph arrearages in research li­ braries,” library resources & technical services 29 (october/december 1985): 352-53. january 1988 / 13 mal cataloging and allowing the items to circulate; or keeping the arrearage in storage and providing full cataloging for materials as time and funding al­ low. over the years various solutions have been devel­ oped by libraries trying to deal with arrearages or backlogs. for smaller libraries, temporary back­ logs often develop while librarians wait for library of congress cataloging or when there are tempo­ rary increases in acquisitions. nelsie rothschild of guilford college wrote in 1977 about a method for processing the backlog by temporarily cataloging all books which arrive before the library of con­ gress card sets.1 in 1984 ellen neville and antonia snee found that monographs do lose their useful­ ness with age and suggested that “to expedite the availability of materials to patrons in the face of backlogs, staff shortages, and economic con­ straints, less than full level cataloging should be given serious consideration.”8 in 1986 d onald share of rice university discussed management of backlogs and how a “reorganization effectively eliminated our cataloging backlog, since there was more time for experienced catalogers to work on member-copy or original cataloging.”9 many libraries today have resigned themselves to some kind of backlog. in seeking to make the m a­ terials in the backlog available to library users, some have looked for methods that do not take a great deal of time. most recently, the use of mini­ mal level cataloging has been discussed as a means to provide access to backlogs. karen horny out­ lines the issues and reactions to this method in a 1986 article.10 the situation at trinity trinity university’s library has been involved in an intensive collection development effort since 1980 when substantial sums of money for retro­ spective purchases were received. prior to the infu­ sion of funds for retrospective purchasing, the li­ brary was staffed to acquire and catalog some 10,000 to 12,000 book and bound periodical vol­ umes per year. with the new emphasis on retro­ spective purchases, the university increased staff­ ing in both acquisitions and cataloging to enable the library to acquire and catalog 40,000 book and 7nelsie p. rothschild, “arrearages: how one library eliminated the problem,” southeastern librarian 7 (winter 1977):235-37. 8ellenp. neville and antonia m. snee, “agingof u ncataloged m onographs,” in a cadem ic l i­ braries: myths and realities, proceedings of the third national conference of the association of college and research libraries (chicago: associa­ tion of college and research libraries, 1984), 275. 9donald share, “management of backlogs, ” l i­ brary journal 111 (september 1, 1986): 161. 10karen l. horny, “minimal-level cataloging: a look at the issues—a symposium,” journal of a c a d e m ic l ib ra ria n sh ip 11 (jan u ary 1986): 332-42. bound periodical volumes per year. the initial em­ phasis was on acquisitions and it was expected that a cataloging backlog would develop. the increase in staffing in cataloging was to come later, and w ith the time necessary for training cataloging staff, the acquisitions rate exceeded the library’s ability to catalog. in anticipation of the backlog, a portion of the stack area in the library was closed off to house materials. the initial solution to handling the backlog was simply to organize the materials in the storage rooms. shelves were designated for materials in various languages, for collections, and for regular purchases. maps were then prepared showing w hat was housed on w h at section of shelving. these maps were periodically updated as materials were moved, cataloged, or withdrawn. however, this arrangement did not permit the finding of an individual title, and as the backlog grew, it became impossible to find a title in it. in an attem pt to pro­ vide some access, the cataloging departm ent and the acquisitions departm ent developed a system of numbering the titles, marking that number on the “on-order” slip, and refiling it in the title section of the on-order file in acquisitions. in the storage rooms the books were arranged in numerical order with a flag in each book to indicate its number. this permitted at least one point of access to the ti­ tle. as the acquisitions rate continued, the system of numbering and refiling titles in the on-order file in acquisitions became more time-consuming. as a way to improve access to the backlog, the assistant director for technical services and the di­ rector determined that the campus computer could be utilized to provide access to these titles by simply adding the bibliographic records for the titles in the backlog to the locally produced com (computer o utput on microform) catalog. trinity university library has long had a machine-readable database of all its cataloged titles. the library actually main­ tains three separate bibliographic databases at the campus computer center. one database contains all the cataloged titles within the library; a second database contains all the united states government documents cataloged since 1976; and the third database, an oclc processing database, contains all the titles searched and found on oclc, but not yet cataloged. the bibliographic records for the ti­ tles in the backlog remain in the oclc processing database until they are cataloged. beeause these ti­ tles were not cataloged they had never been in­ cluded in the com catalog. after discussion with the catalogers and reference librarians, it was de­ cided that even though these titles were not fully cataloged, the oclc records would provide more access than the slips in the on-order file and would require less staff time. the following procedures have been developed to implement this expanded access to backlogged m aterials in storage rooms. the books, once searched on oclc, are placed on the shelves in the backlog, first by language and then by oclc tape when you call mls, the whole team answers! jay askuvich scott schmidt carl d orr general sales midwest southeast manager lawrence nagel forrest link kim anderson lorraine best west northeast m ountain plains canada midwest library service 11443 st. charles rock road bridgeton, mo 63044, usa call toll-free 1-800-325-8833 missouri librarians call toll-free 1-800-392-5024 canadian librarians call toll-free 1-800-527-1659 january 1988 / 15 number. w ithin the tape num ber, the books are placed in accession n u m b e r o rd er. w hen th e oclc tape is received, the uncataloged titles are added to the oclc processing database. w hen the com catalog is now produced, records from the o c lc processing d atab ase, the cataloged database and the u.s. documents database are merged, sorted and used to produce the com cata­ log. once a title has been cataloged, the biblio­ graphic record is automatically removed from the processing database and added to the cataloged database. the changes in the com puter center were minimal to add this database to the com cat­ alog. “ask at reference” the com catalog in the trinity university li­ brary is form atted w ith brief entries in either a single-line entry or a two-line entry. for example, in the author catalog authors’ names are followed by an alphabetical list of their works. full biblio­ graphic information is not available in most of the catalogs, although microfiche copies of the catalog w ith full bibliographic records are available if needed. since the accession number is the local com puter control num ber for the titles, it was not thought desirable to print this number in the cata­ log since the processing file would be merged into the regular catalog at the time of com catalog pro­ duction. after some discussion, it was decided to use the phrase “ask at reference” in lieu of a call num ber or accession num ber for these uncataloged en tries. t hus, access is p ro v id ed for lo c atin g known items th a t are in the cataloging backlog. “ask at reference” items are not given subject ac­ cess, only author and title, in the public catalog. but, how does a patron physically locate a title when she or he finds an “ask at reference” call num ­ ber in the catalog? ideally, the patron goes to the reference d epartm ent and asks the librarian for help in finding a title th a t says “ask at reference.” the reference librarian then fills out a form. the patron supplies the author and title of the book, is told th a t it will be available at the circulation desk w ithin 48 hours, and is asked to check back at the circulation desk for the title. the form is then sent to the oclc supervisor, who actually retrieves the title from the backlog and sends the book w ith a printed copy of the oclc record to either a copy cataloger or the cat aloger who does rush cataloging. the oclc su­ pervisor notes the am ount of time spent in looking for a title, and the cataloger or copy cataloger notes the call num ber on the form and sends the book through processing to circulation w ith a copy of the “ask at reference” form. the average search time is 23 minutes for cataloging staff to find and retrieve the title in the backlog. trinity has been utilizing this system for fifteen months and there have been 103 requests for titles from a backlog th at started at an estimated 25,000 titles and is estimated currently at 8,000 titles. the titles are requested by both faculty and students, w ith a slight majority requested by students. most of the titles are in english, with a range of im print dates. these statistics do not support the 1984 study by ellen neville and antonio snee th a t materials lose their usefulness w ith age.11 at times patrons finding “ask at reference” in the call num ber field in the catalog assumed th a t the title was a very im portant one th a t was literally be­ ing held at the reference desk and w ere disap­ pointed when told otherwise. to respond to this misperception, other phrases were considered for the catalog, but a short data field limited choices. some patrons were unwilling to w ait 48 hours to obtain a title and were assisted by reference librari­ ans in finding other materials to meet their needs. we also do not know how many patrons did not go to the reference desk to ask for help when finding “ask at reference” in the call num ber field and left the library w ithout locating the item they were seeking. overall, patrons seemed quite pleased th at uncataloged materials could be made avail­ able relatively quickly for their use. conclusion in summary, “ask at reference” provides access to a large portion of the cataloging backlog. how­ ever, the materials received after oclc searching and updating of titles to the processing file are not available, nor are the titles th at are not found on oclc and need original cataloging. there has been discussion about the use of minimal level cata­ loging for materials requiring original cataloging as well as discussion about placing the backlogged books in an open stack area to be available for browsing. the materials th at are generally not ac­ cessible through oclc tend to be non-english language items and esoteric english-language m a­ te ria ls . w e are now re v ie w in g th e d a ta an d considering making these uncataloged materials available for browsing in a public area. this simple approach to providing access to a backlog could be used by any library that has its ac­ quisitions or c a talo g in g backlog in m achine readable form. it has not been very time-consuming for the cataloging department and has not added substantially to the rush cataloging load. it supplies patrons w ith titles identified by author or title searches of the public catalog which have been de­ layed in cataloging. the procedures help patrons take advantage of the library’s acquisition invest­ ment and at the same time give the library enough control to keep track of the materials temporarily backlogged. the reference staff has not found the procedures intrusive, but rather a good way to initi­ ate discussion with patrons about research interests and problems. we offer this evidence to the growing literatu re w hich describes the utility of making backlogs available to library patrons. ■ ■ 11neville and snee, 273-75. acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 108 / c &rl news the classified ads ( bibliographic quality control organize l ca i rd b cat r al a og r an i d a othe n r manual records for data entry in a retrospective con­ version project. establish work flow and suggest policy for the conversion project. insure that national and local standards are followed by vendors. solve problems arising from project. maintain documentation on the project and the resulting bibliographic data base. ongoing responsibility for maintaining machine-readable bibliographic records ac­ cording to established standards. perform original and copy cataloging o f various kinds o f library material and some authority work. must be willing to work flexible hours, e.g. nights and weekends, if necessary. • demonstrated professional level experi­ ence with aacr2 and marc formats and lcsh required. • experience with retrospective conversion projects and with bibliographic utilities such as rlin, oclc, wln, etc. strongly preferred. • knowledge o f national cataloging stand­ ards essential. • ability to communicate effectively both verbally and in writing. • knowledge o f one or more major foreign scientific languages helpful. • m .l .s. degree from an a .l.a . accredited library school or the equivalent combin­ ation o f education and experience. • u .s . citizenship required. monthly salary range for fully qualified can­ didates is from $1960 to $3140. the los alamos national laboratory is one o f the largest multidisciplinary, multipro­ gram national laboratories in the united states and is internationally recognized as one o f the most prestigious scientific institu­ tions in the world. its libraries have extensive collections in the physical, engineering and biomedical sciences and offer a wide range of services to the laboratory community. the laboratory offers an excellent benefits plan to include 24 days o f vacation per year. send resume in confidence to: elmer salazar d iv -8 4 -l personnel administration division los alamos national laboratory los alamos, nm 87545 l u niversity of c ali a forn a o s i l a m o s los alamos national laboratory los alamos, new mexico 87545 an affirm ative action/equal opportunity em ployer deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $4.00 per line for acrl members, $5.00 for others. late job notices are $10.00 per line for members, $12.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the last day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 31 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep't, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. positions open assistant reference librarian (search reopened) duties will include general reference service, bibliographic instruction, on­ line bibliographic searching, and materials selection. required: mls from ala-accredited graduate school and ability to interact effec­ tively with all library users. ability and interest in online searching and some experience in academic library reference service and instruc­ tion desirable. some night and weekend hours necessary. twelve­ month appointment, rank of lecturer (non-tenure track). usual fringe benefits including 23 days annual leave. beginning salary range: $ 14,400—$14,700. apply with current resume including names of at least three references, to: eugene w. huguelet, director of library s ervices, r andall l ib ra ry , u n ive rsity of n orth c a ro lin a at wilmington, 601 south college road, wilmington, nc 28403-3297. for further information related to the position, call director of library services, (919) 791-4330, ext. 2271. applications will be accepted through march 15, 1984. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. bibliographic instruction librarian. the university of evansville is seeking a librarian to coordinate and participate in an active bibliographic instruction program. responsibilities include planning and developing the instruction program, presenting class­ room and workshop lectures, conducting and coordinating online searches, and providing reference service (nights and weekends in­ cluded). good communication skills, the ability to work effectively with faculty and colleagues, and teaching and administrative talent are essential. a background in science and experience in online searching is highly desirable. the position requires the mls from an ala-accredited library school and an energetic commitment to ser­ vice. the university of evansville is an independent, coeducational, methodist-affiliated institution located in a metropolitan area of south­ western indiana. enrollment numbers 5,000 fulland part-time stu­ dents. the library’s collections total over 300,000 items. faculty rank will be based upon qualifications. salary is $14,000-$16,000. the application deadline is march 31, 1984, with the position available june 1 ‚ 1984. send application, resume, and three current letters of february 1984 / 109 reference, to: grady morein, university librarian, p.o. box 329, uni­ versity of evansville, evansville, in 47702; (812) 479-2376. the uni­ versity of evansville is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. catalog librarian for middle eastern and south asian languages. the university of arizona library is seeking an experienced professional catalog librarian to be responsible for the original cataloging of m onographs and serials in near eastern and south asian languages (primarily arabic, hindi, urdu, and per­ sian). the majority of the south asian language materials are cata­ loged on oclc. the near eastern language materials are cataloged manually using both printed cards and original cataloging. other cataloging responsibilities include supervising the copy cataloging by student assistants for these languages; serving on a catalog infor­ mation desk; active participation in establishing policies and proce­ dures for the catalog department; participation in planning for an online catalog. requirements include: ala-accredited library de­ gree; working experience with aacr2, lc classification and lcsh; experience with oclc or a similar utility, ability to transliterate using lc romanization tables. primary language skills should be arabic, hindi and urdu. ability to catalog materials in persian and pushto is also desired. professional librarians at the university of arizona li­ brary are academ ic professionals with voting faculty status, have 12 month appointments, earn 22 vacation days a year, 12 days of sick leave, and have a standard package of holidays and other fringe benefits. the salary range is $16,500-$22,000, depending on quali­ fications. send letter of application, resume, and names of three ref­ erences by 30 march 1984 to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. the university of arizona is an eeo/aa employer. catalog librarian. search extended. responsible for original cataloging of m onographic materials, including specialized and non-book materials. descriptive and subject cataloging and library of congress classification, using most current aacr rules. format­ ting and marc tagging copy for input into the washington library network. required: ala-accredited mls. desirable: experience in working lc classification and subject headings, marc tagging, aacr2, western and cyrillic languages, nonprint and specialized materials, and experience with library networking and bibliographic utilities (preferably wln). position currently vacant. rank: librarian 2, faculty status. salary: beginning professional salary is $17,200. tiaa/cref, broad insurance program , 22 days annual leave and 12 days sick leave per year. send letter of application, resume and three original letters of reference to: allene f. schnaitter, director of li­ braries, washington state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. deadline for receipt of applications is march 30, 1984. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog er. position available at cleveland state university for experienced librarian. responsibilities: original cataloging and clas­ sifying of m onographs, primarily in science and technology; assign­ ing of classification and numbers and subject headings; tagging cat­ aloging data for input to oclc; verifying and preparing authority records and some catalog maintenance; some possible supervisory responsibilities. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls; three years of professional cataloging experience in an academ ic or re­ search library; experience with aacr2, lc classification, l c or nlm subject headings, original cataloging, marc tagging, and the o clc or other catalo gin g systems. preferred: two fore ign lan­ guages of bibliographic importance, academ ic background or cata­ loging experience in science and technology. salary: $17,500 + , dependent upon qualifications. submit resumes and names and ad­ dresses of three references by march 7,1984 , to: billie joy reinhart, chairperson of search committee, university libraries, cleveland state university, 1983 e. 24th street, cleveland, oh 44115. equal opportunity employer, m/f/h. co llection developm ent librarian. university of arkan sas at little rock. responsible for selection of all formats of materials to support curricula; coordination of selector activity; coordination of planning and analysis of collection developm ent and collection man­ agement policies and procedures. participates in budget allocation; collection evaluation; use and user studies; policies and decisions regarding storage, weed, conservation, and serials management. some night and weekend work should be expected. prefer strong academ ic background in history; archival experience; serials m an­ agement; dem onstrated skill at oral and written communications; and ability to work effectively with all levels of library employees, do­ n ors, p a tro n s , a n d fa c u lty m e m b e rs . r e q u ire m e n ts in c lu d e consultant resource development coordinator colorado state library colorado state library seeks an enthusiastic, motivated and bright librarian for the position of consultant resource development coordinator. facilitates cooperative collection development among resource li­ braries in colorado. provides consultation and/or coordination in collection development methodology and applications, conservation of resources, disaster preparedness, and intellectual freedom for colo­ rado’s seven regional multi-type systems and the library community at large. works in a team approach to general library development. acts as general liaison to special and post-secondary libraries. minimum qualifications: willingness and ability to acquire in the position knowledge and experience in all areas of job responsibility; ala-accredited mls or equivalent; media master’s degree; three years profes­ sional library experience after the required educational training; demonstrated skills in leadership, interper­ sonal relations, oral and written communication; willingness to travel. preferred qualifications: knowledge of or experience in one or more of the following: collection development, preservation/conservation, disas­ er preparedness, library development, intellectual freedom, and post-secondary and/or special libraries. send letter of application and three letters of reference, all of which specifically address the applicant’s bility to meet the minimum and preferred qualifications, as well as the resume, to: personnel office, olorado department of education, 303 w. colfax ave., denver, co 80204; (303) 534-8871. con act same address for full description of position. starting salary range $17,864-$25,213, dependent upon ducation and experience. eoe. applications must be received by 4:30 p.m. on march 5 ,1 9 8 4 . t a c t e 110 / c&rl news ala/m ls and three years of post-mls reference or collection devel­ opm ent experience with upper-level academ ic materials and ser­ vices. minimum salary $20,000. the position is open now. position is faculty-rank, tenure-track, 12-month, full-time with good fringe bene­ fits including up to 6% -m atched tiaa/cref. send resume and names of three references (with their current titles, addresses, and phone numbers) who have observed human relationships and pro­ fessional abilities, to: library search committee, c/o kathy essary, chair of recruitment committee, university of arkansas at little rock, 33rd and university ave., little rock, ar 72204. an eeo/aa employer. c o o r d in a to r of in fo r m a tio n services. depauw uni­ versity, an undergraduate liberal arts college, is seeking an innova­ tive librarian to expand reference and outreach information services (search extended). manages reference departm ent and coordinates the information specialist program where librarians work with aca­ dem ic departm ents on selection and user instruction. required: an ala/m ls, substantial professional experience ( + 5 years) in public/ information services; proven reference and supervisory capability, strong interpersonal skills, com petence in planning information ser­ vices, and online search experience. salary: $22,000. position avail­ able june 1,1984 , and offers faculty rank and status. a p ply to: jana bradley, director of libraries, box 137, depauw university, green castle, in 46135. deadline: march 1, 1984. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. d o cu m ents libr arian . position available september 1,1984. responsible for m anaging governm ent docum ents unit within the technical services division. responsibilities include acquisition, processing, cataloging of documents, including non-u.s., and u.s., and w ashington state depository documents. supervise staff of two. required: ala-accredited mls and substantial experience in the cataloging and processing of serials and documents. desirable: ex­ perience in processing u.s. depository docum ents and microforms; experience in using the library of congress classes and subject headings, marc tags, and a bibliographic utility, preferably wln, and in supervising a library unit. rank and salary com m ensurate with q u a lific a tio n s and e x p e rie n c e . (m in im u m p ro fe ssio n a l salary: $17,000). tiaa/cref, broad insurance program , 22 days annual leave and 12 days sick leave per year. send letter of application, re­ sume, and three original letters of reference, to: allene f. schnaitter, director of libraries, w ashington state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. deadline for receipt of applications is march 30, 1984. w ashington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. e d u c a tio n a l resources librarians (2). ball state uni versity. senior position responsible for supervising acquisition, cata­ loging, and physical processing of non-print materials, and for policy making and staff training. both positions responsible for descriptive and subject cataloging of all non-print formats using aacr2 rules and oclc/marc formats and library of congress subject head­ ings and practice; cataloging revision of technical cataloging assis­ tants; planning, development, and evaluation within the educational resources technical services area. requirements: senior position requires two years’ cataloging experience at least one of which is in cataloging of varied a/v formats, and a minimum of one year’s su­ pervisory experience with full-time regular staff. second position re­ quires one year’s experience in either a/v or m onographic catalog­ ing. both p o sitio n s re q u ire the mls from an a l a -a c c re d ite d program or its equivalent in instructional materials, media, technol­ ogy, etc. desire evidence of strong com m itm ents to and potential for scholarly and professional achievement. academ ic year salary and appointm ent with possibility of additional summer appointment. g ood fringe benefits. possible faculty rank and status with tenure track appointm ent with second m aster’s degree. negotiable salary: $16,000 minimum for senior position; $14,000 minimum for second position. applications should state which position is sought and must be postm arked no later than february 29, 1984. send resume and list of references to: nyal williams, chairperson, departm ent of li­ brary service, ball state university, muncie, in 47306. ball state uni­ versity practices equal opportunity in education and em ployment. engineering sciences librarian. faculty position in the harold b. lee library at brigham young university. primary respon­ sibility for reference service in the physical and life sciences and col­ lection developm ent in engineering. also responsible for library use instruction, online database searching and some supervision of cleri­ cal and student em ployees. qualifications include an undergraduate degree or equivalent in engineering, mls from an ala-accredited school and a working know ledge of reference sources in the physi­ cal and life sciences. twelve-month appointm ent with twenty-two days vacation and additional professional developm ent time. salary from $16,500 dep ending on qualifications. candidate must be will­ ing to maintain in the highest standards of honor, integrity, and m o­ rality as taught by the church of jesus christ of latter-day saints and abstain from alcoholic beverages, tobacco, tea and coffee. send re­ sume and names of three references to: randy olsen, assistant uni­ versity librarian, 3080 hbll, brigham young university, provo, ut 84602. deadline for applications is february 29, 1984. g o vern m ent d o c u m ents/r eferenc e librarian. re sponsible for selective depository of state and federal documents, instruction, and general library reference including some evenings and weekends. ala approved mls, training and professional expe­ rience in documents, general reference, bibliographic instruction and effective interpersonal com m unication skills are required. expe­ rience with automated systems and additional academ ic prepara­ tion are desirable. tenure track, 12 month appointm ent. salary mini m u m s: in s tru c to r, $ 1 7 ,7 8 7 ; a s s is ta n t p ro fe s s o r, $ 2 2 ,4 8 5 ; dependent on qualifications. available july 1,1984. a p ply by march 15, 1984, to: darrel m. meinke, dean of instructional resources, m oorhead state university, moorhead, mn 56560. an equal o p p o r­ tunity employer. head of tec h n ic a l services. university of arkansas at little rock. administers overall operations of collection development, cat­ aloging, and physical processing. responsible for coordination of bibliographic files throughout the library. some night and weekend editor/publisher choice editor and publisher for the choice magazine and related products. has overall responsibility for editorial, production, financial, marketing, advertis­ ing, prom otion, and d istrib ution activities for choice, reviews-on-cards, and other publications and services produced by choice. manages a staff of 20 and a budget of $1 million. choice is a book and non-print reviewing journal targeted at college and university libraries, and is lo­ cated in m iddletown, connecticut. the editor /publisher is responsible to the executive director of acrl, a division of the american library associ­ ation, located in chicago. position qualifications: demonstrated com pe­ tence in management and administration; knowl­ edge of higher education in north america -d e vel­ opments and trends in academic program s-and the role of the academic library in the college and university; knowledge of publishing, particularly journal publishing-editorial aspects, production, marketing, advertising, distribution, and copyright; knowledge of academic librarianship and collection management issues and challenges; a high level of energy and stamina; knowledge of data processing and computers, and how this technology can be used in publishing; ability to meet deadlines and a budget. evidence of qualifications may consist in part of a degree in librarianship or business administration, degrees in other disciplines, and relevant experi­ ence. position available late july, 1984. salary range: $30,400-$45,600; 22 days vacation; tiaa-cref. send resume and the names and addresses of three references by march 1 5 ,1 9 84 , to: executive director—choice search acrl/ala 50 e. huron st. chicago, il 60611 an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. february 1984 / 111 work should be expected. qualifications include understanding of autom ated library systems; thorough know ledge of cataloging poli­ cies and procedures; dem onstrated ability to plan and im plem ent im proved program s; dem onstrated abilities in m anagement; ability and willingness to com m unicate effectively and work well with all lev­ els of em ployees; stable em ploym ent background. an innovative li­ brarian with analytical skills is highly desirable. requirements in­ clude ala/m ls and five years of relevant post-mls experience. minimum salary $25,000. the position is open now. position is faculty-rank, tenure-track, 12-month, full-time with good fringe bene­ fits including up to 6% -m atched tiaa/cref. send resume and names of three references (with their current titles, addresses, and phone numbers) who have observed human relationships and pro­ fessional abilities, to: library search committee, c/o kathy essary, chair of recruitment committee, university of arkansas at little rock, 33rd and university ave., little rock, ar 72204. an eeo/aa employer. head, reference d e pa r tm en t. hagerty library at drexel university. position is available immediately. the requirements for this position are a m aster’s in library science and several years of professional e xp e rie n ce in reference w ork in c lu d in g database searching, with at least two years of adm inistrative/supervisory re­ sponsibilities. the reference departm ent consists of six other profes­ sional librarians, eight clerical assistants, two library assistants, plus part-time staff. the responsibilities of the job include supervision and leadership of professional staff—four subject specialists in the fields of humanities and social sciences, home econom ics, business ad­ ministration, library and information science, plus two general refer­ ence librarians; selection of reference materials; and supervisory general reference desk duties, interlibrary loan and other pertinent routines. the departm ent head is a m em ber of the library adm inis­ trative council and reports directly to the d ire cto r’s office. the start­ ing salary is $21,000/year with academ ic status, retirement and ill­ ness benefits. a h ig h e r salary m ay be available d e p e n d e n t on northern illinois university three positions assistant director for public services. northern illinois university is seeking a qualified individual to fill the position of assistant director for public services. mls from an accredited library school, a second master’s or doctorate, and a minimum of five years of successful professional experience of increasing responsibility in an academic or research library required. applicants must have a record of publication and professional involvement supporting a senior level appointment in a tenure track. experience in super­ vising more than one public services area and with public relations and with computer applications in public service preferred. applicants must demonstrate administrative ability, strong leadership qualities, and communication skills. responsibilities include: administration of general reference service, computer refer­ ence service, circulation, reserve, interlibrary loan, bibliographic instruction and government publications for a university library of more than one million volumes, serving 25,000 students and 1,200 faculty; direc­ tion of staff of 11.5 librarians and 21 support staff; consultation with administrative staff to engage in long range planning and to establish and carry out policies and procedures for all public services. $32,000 mini­ mum for a twelve month contract; illinois retirement system; 24 vacation days. send resume, placement file, official transcripts, and thee current letters of recommendation by april 1, 1984, to: theodore f. welch, director, northern illinois university libraries, dekalb, il 60115. assistant director for technical services. northern illinois university is seeking a qualified individual to fill the position of assistant director for technical services. mls from an accredited library school, a second master’s or doctorate, and a minimum of five years of successful professional experience of in­ creasing responsibility in an academic or research library required. applicants must have a record of publi­ cation and professional involvement supporting a senior level appointment in a tenure track. experience in supervising more than one technical services area preferred. experience with computer applications in technical services and collection development experience required. applicants must demonstrate admin­ istrative ability, strong leadership qualities, interpersonal and communication skills. responsibilities in­ clude: administration of acquisitions, cataloging and serials for a university library of over one million vol­ umes, serving 25,000 students and 1,200 faculty; direction of staff of 11 librarians and 45 support staff; consultation with administrative staff to establish and carry out policies and procedures for all technical services. $32,000 minimum for twelve month contract; illinois retirement system, 24 vacation days. send resume, placement file, official transcripts, and three current letters of recommendation by march 15, 1984, to: theodore f. welch, director, northern illinois university libraries, dekalb, il 60115. systems development librarian. northern illinois university is seeking a qualified individual to fill the position of systems development librarian. mls from an accredited library school and a second master’s or completion of 30 hours beyond the mls required. experience in an academic or research library in comprehensive systems planning and analysis, and automated systems development required; familiarity with national trends and strengths and weaknesses of specific applications of computer hardware and soft­ ware in the academic environment. responsibilities include: coordinating the planning and implementa­ tion of automation projects throughout the library; studying existing manual systems and assessing the viability of current automation activities in acquisitions, cataloging, circulation and interlibrary loan, to lead to the implementation of an automated integrated library system. $25,000 minimum for a twelve month contract; illinois retirement system; one month vacation; faculty status and rank. send resume, placement file, official transcripts, and three letters of recommendation by march 15,1 9 84 , to: john tyson, assis­ tant to the director, northern illinois university libraries, dekalb, il 60115. 112 / c&rl news qualifications. interested persons should address their correspon­ dence to: lucille r. jones, head of administrative services, drexel university library, philadelphia, pa 19104. deadline for applica­ tions: february 28, 1984. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. monograph original catalog er. university of georgia entry level position. (salary minimum $14,800). search reopened. duties: responsible to the head of the m onograph original catalog­ ing section of the cataloging department for perform ing original cat­ aloging of m onographic materials in all subjects and languages in­ cluding the sciences. the cataloging department, com prised of 30 staff m embers, catalogs over 47,000 books, serials, m icroform s and nonprint materials yearly. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library school; strong interest in academ ic librarianship; knowledge of aacr, aacr2 and lc classification and subject headings; ability to work with broad range of subjects and languages; good oral and written com m unication skills; ability to establish and maintain effec­ tive working relationships; knowledge of oclc cataloging prefer­ red; know ledge of other automated systems applicable to libraries desired; background in sciences desired. application procedure: send letter of application by march 16, 1984, including resume and names of three references, to: bonnie jackson clemens, assistant director for administrative services, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable appli­ cants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. reference departm ent head. university of georgia, main library. (salary: minimum $25,000). duties: responsible to the assis­ tant director for public services for adm inistering the main library reference department (social sciences and humanities) and coordi­ nating its activities with other departments. the department provides reference, instructional, and referral services on an individual basis; conducts formal library instruction through general tours and spe­ cialized presentations; prepares bibliographies and guides; per­ forms com puterized database searches; and develops a strong, via­ ble reference collection (currently approxim ately 20,000 volumes). the head supervises the assistant head, coordinator of biblio­ graphic instruction, coordinator of online services, 8 reference li­ brarians, 3 support staff, and student assistants. qualifications: mas­ te r’s degree from ala-accredited library school; minimum three years of relevant reference experience in a large academ ic or re­ search library; extensive working know ledge of reference and blio graphic sources in social sciences and humanities; demonstrated supervisory ability; bibliographic instruction experience; knowledge of com puterized database searching; effective oral and written com ­ m unication skills; ability to work effectively with colleagues, students, and faculty. application procedure: send letter of application by march 16, 1984, including resume and names of three references, to: bonnie jackson clemens, assistant director for administrative services, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. refer en ce/instruc tio n librarian. provides reference service, online searching, instruction, and assists in collection devel­ opment. mls from ala-accredited library school. second m aster’s degree desired (progress toward a second master's required for ten­ ure). academ ic background or library experience in social sciences (especially business), sciences, health sciences or engineering preferred. minimum of three years experience in academ ic library reference services including bibliographic searching and instruc­ tion. collection development experience desired. ability to com m u­ nicate effectively in oral and written presentations and planning and supervisory skills essential. tenure-track position. candidate will be expected to meet library and university criteria in research, publica­ tion, service for promotion and tenure. rank and salary dependent upon qualifications. minimum $17,000. ten month contract, tiaa cref, excellent fringes. deadline (postmark) for letter of application, resume and names of three references: march 15, 1984. starting date: august 15, 1984. submit to: suzanne o. frankie, dean of the library, oakland university library, rochester, ml 48063. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. r e f e r e n c e l ib r a r ia n /c o m m u n ic a t io n & l e is u r e stu d ies subject spec ia list. (search extended). responsi­ bilities include reference service; com puter literature searching; ori­ entation and instruction; collection development; faculty liaison. qualifications: ala/mls; dem onstrated com m unication skills, de­ gree (preferably graduate) in a behavioral science relevant to com ­ munication, journalism/telecomm unication, or leisure studies. pref­ e re n c e will also be g ive n to c a n d id a te s with tra in in g a n d /o r experience in reference, com puter literature searching, library in­ struction or collection development. salary: from $16,300, depen­ dent on qualifications. send statement of qualifications, current re­ sume, and names, addresses and telephone num bers of four recent references to: constance corey, hayden library, arizona state uni­ versity, tempe, az 85287, by march 15,1984 (postmark accepted). minorities are encouraged to apply. asu is a com mitted equal op ­ portunity, affirmative action employer. refer en ce l ib r a r ia n /in f o r m a t io n s p e c ia l is t . de pauw university, an undergraduate liberal arts college, is seeking an innovative librarian to expand reference and outreach information services (search extended). responsibilities include reference, on­ line searching, collection development, and user instruction. re­ quired: an ala/mls, reference experience in an academ ic library, online searching and com m unication skills. a second master's de ­ gree or a subject speciality is highly desirable. salary: $16,000. posi­ tion is available june 1,1984, and offers faculty rank and status. a p ­ ply to: jana bradley, d irector of libraries, box 137, depauw university, greencastle, in 46135. deadline: march 1, 1984. an af­ firmative action, equal opportunity employer. sc ie n c e refer en ce l ib r a r ia n /s u b j e c t s p e c ia l is t for m a th em a tic s , ph ysic s, and a s tr o n o m y. (search extended). responsibilities include reference service; online litera­ ture searching; orientation and instruction; collection development; faculty liaison. qualifications: ala/m ls or foreign equivalent; strong background in science (academic training and/or experience); dem ­ onstrated com m unication skills. preferred: undergraduate or gradu­ ate degree in mathematics or physics; experience in reference and collection development; training in and/or experience with lock­ heed, brs, sdc. salary: from $16,300, dependent on qualifications. send statement of qualifications, current resume, and names, ad ­ dresses and telephone numbers of four recent references to: con­ stance corey, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287, by march 15, 1984 (postmark accepted). minorities are en­ couraged to apply. asu is a com mitted equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. serials/r eference librarian. university of nevada, reno seeks energetic, innovative librarian for split assignment: half-time head of serials departm ent and half-time m em ber of professional staff of reference department. serials responsibilities include super­ vision of three library assistants, serials collection development, planning and some public service. reference responsibilities in­ clude assisting library users, instructional activities and selection of reference materials. graduate library degree from ala-accredited school and appropriate experience with serials and/or reference, preferably in an academ ic or research library. strong com m unica­ tion skills and supervisory skills. faculty status requires that librarians meet faculty standards for appointm ent, prom otion and tenure. sal­ ary $17,135 to $25,101, dep ending on qualifications and experi­ ence. tw elve-m onth appointm ent. tiaa/cref, 24 days annual leave. open july 1, 1984. mountains, desert, lakes, five hours from san francisco by car. send resume and names and addresses of three references by march 15,1984, to: ruth h. donovan, associate director of libraries, university of nevada, reno library, reno, nv 89557. an aa/eo employer. techn ic al services librarian. participates with the head of technical services in developing goals and procedures for acqui­ sition and cataloging operations; performs original cataloging of print and non-print materials; oversees reclassification and retro­ spective conversion projects; supervises catalog maintenance, in­ cluding authority work. qualifications: an ala-accredited mls; 2 -4 years of te c h n ic a l se rvice s e x p e rie n c e ; k n o w le d g e of oclc, aacr2, lc classification and subject headings; ability to work with foreign language materials. salary: $18,000 minimum. send resume and names of 3 references by march 9, to: phyllis cutler, college librarian, williams college library, williamstown, ma 01267. an eo,aa employer. late job listings associate university librarian for systems. this position is responsible to the university librarian for the planning, development and installation of an integrated library system serving all libraries within the tufts university library system. these include wessell library (arts and sciences), the ginn library of the fletcher school of law and diplomacy and the health sciences library. with the advice and assistance of the principal librarians, library and faculty advisory committees, the appointee will continue planning for installation of the system, vendor relations, and the development of systematic plans for staged introduction of the various sub-systems in multiple locations. at an appropriate time service will be extended to various non-library locations. because the university operates on two major campuses and, plans to extend service to a large number of teaching hospitals in the future, the use of electronic communication systems will play a large role in this development. tufts university is a member of the boston library consortium and system developments will be designed to enhance cooperation with its member libraries. applicants should possess an mls or its equivalent in library or information science, experience in system management and a sound knowledge of library requirements in automation. experience in system development is required as is managerial experience, showing increasing responsibility over five years. appointment will be made at a rank and salary commensurate with qualifications and experience. salary $35,000-$45,000. tufts librarians are expected to participate in professional associations and to be interested in research and development. advancement in rank is dependent on the demonstration of outstanding professional ability. send application, resume and the names and addresses of three referees to: murray s. martin, university librarian, wessell library, tufts university, medford, ma 02155, before february 29, 1984. tufts university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian with responsibility for coordinating related technical services functions. requires mls with experience in cataloging books and av using lc classification and aacr2; a knowledge of automated cataloging procedures; evidence of organizational ability; demonstrated supervisory ability; and excellent interpersonal skills. deadline march 15, 1984. salary $19,000 entry level. contact: betty funderburke, central piedmont community college, p.o. box 35009, charlotte, nc 28235; (704) 373-6631. cataloger: responsible for original cataloging and tagging of book, score, and non-book materials in assigned areas including music. requirements: ala-accredited mls; minimum one year cataloging experience; reading knowledge of one foreign language; working knowledge of aacrl/2, lc classification, and lcsh; oclc experience; music background or experience in music cataloging; ability to work well with others. salary minimum $18,000. assistant professor rank. 12-month tenure-track appointment. position begins july 1, 1984. application deadline: march 1, 1984. send resume and names of three references to: gail j. junion, coordinator, cataloging department, jerome library, bowling green state university, bowling green, oh 43403. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. director of the library. position available for director of library at a private college which offers a four-year professional degree program to approximately 1,800 students. qualifications required: mls from an ala-accredited institution; five years of library experience with evidence of administrative responsibility; knowledge of current developments in library automation and resource sharing; strong leadership and management skills, with ability to establish and maintain effective public and professional relationships. additional degree in another academic field is highly desirable. responsibilities: directing long and short term planning, fiscal management of budget; supervision of five professional librarians and twelve support staff. the director reports to the vice president for academic affairs. salary: commensurate with qualifications, experience and academic rank (assistant or associate professor) the range being $26,700-$31,500. application procedure: send nomination or resume along with three professional references by march 30, 1984, to: iftikhar h. bhatti, chairman of search committee, palmer college of chiropractic, 1000 brady street, davenport, ia 52803. (319) 324-1611, ext. 282 or 251. palmer college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. health sciences network librarian. responsible to the associate university librarian for systems for the development of aspects of that system relating to the special needs of the health sciences, particularly enhancements of the serials access sub-system and the health sciences library network. in association with the director of the health sciences library, this librarian will be responsible for the installation and maintenance of the integrated library system in the health sciences library and, through the local area network, for services to the health sciences campus. the position will coordinate the introduction of access to other information systems and be responsible for the maintenance of the document center with the object of facilitating the transmission of electronic information. the position requires a degree in library or information science, familiarity with the information needs of the health sciences, experience in the operation of library computer systems and general familiarity with library procedures and requirements. demonstrated ability to work with faculty members and administration is required. formal education in some area of medical communication or a general scientific background will be an added recommendation. librarians at tufts are expected to participate in professional associations and to be interested in research and development. appointment will be made at a rank and salary appropriate to qualifications and experience. salary $30,000. advancement in rank is dependent on the demonstration of outstanding professional ability. send application, resume and the names and addresses of three referees to: murray s. martin, university librarian, wessell library, tufts university, meford, ma 02155, before february 29, 1984. tufts university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. nesbitt and evening colleges librarian in the hagerty library of drexel university. the requirements for this position are master’s degree in library science, at least 2 years’ professional experience in reference work including database searching, and an acceptable subject background or interest. the nesbitt and evening colleges librarian works closely with the faculty and students of the colleges. reference work, bibliographic assistance, and book selection in the field of art, architecture, education, design, psychology, and human behavior and development form the principal responsibilities of the position. the starting salary is $15,000 per year with academic status, retirement and illness benefits. a higher salary may be available depending on qualifications. deadline for applications is march 15. interested persons should address their correspondence to: lucille r. jones, head of administrative services, drexel university library, philadelphia, pa 19104. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. g e rm a n h is t o r y r e c o n s t r u c t e d . . . files of the national-socialist party chancellery edited by the institut für zeitgeschichte the partei-kanzlei, until 1941 the alternate headquarters of the führer, was not only hitler’s relay station for the admin­ istration of the party, its influence extended to national and other social institutions. the files of the partei-kanzlei have been reconstructed from copies of correspondence, min­ utes, memoranda, and other documents scattered through german and foreign archives and lost until now. the micro­ fiche edition of the complete collection—some 300,000 pages—makes accessible an invaluable tool for historical research. 89 fic h e a n d three volumes available. 720 silver halide fíche, 4 register volumes and 2 index v o lu m es.............................................................. $3550 situation reports ( 1 9 2 0 —1 9 2 9 ) and dispatches ( 1 9 2 9 —1 9 3 3 ) a specially reconstructed section of the most essential files of weekly reports and topical dispatches from the govern­ ment agency incorporated into the gestapo in the spring of 1933. these documents analyzed collective attempts to overthrow the weimar constitution by groups on the right and the left—in particular the kpd or german communist party and its allied organizations. an important tool, organized by topic and political organization, for research on the political situation during the turbulent period of hitler’s rise to national power. 400 silver halide fiche (24x) and printed g u id e ........... $ 7 50 for more information about these and other saur publications, please contact walter jaffe. k.g. saur inc. 175 fifth avenue n.y..n.y. 10010 212 982-1302 just published...the 1984 guide to over 9,000 active publishers... publishers directory ...a guide to new and established commercial and nonprofit, private and alternative, corporate and association, government and institution publishing programs and their distributors. 5th edition. edited by linda s. hubbard. (formerly book publishers directory but now expanded to include selected publishers of classroom materials, reports, databases, software, maps, calendars, cards, prints, etc.) 1,630 pages in 2 vols. $225.00/set. inter-edition supplement, $ 135.00. the new pd provides complete profiles on some 9,300 u.s. and canadian publishers: name, address, phone number, year founded, principal officers and managers, number of titles per year, representative titles, description, discount schedules, returns policies, and much more. new edition covers 122 distributors and wholesalers...and identifies defunct publishers. index of publishers, imprints, and distributors includes publishers in literary market place (note that pd does not duplicate coverage in imp). also includes subject index using 275 terms and geographic index. available on standing order at 5% discount. all gale books are sent on 60-day approval. deduct 5% if you send check with order. customers outside the u.s. and canada add 10%. gale r esearch co. book tower • detroit, mi 48226 to order by phone: 800-521-0707 tollfree. in canada, m ichigan, alaska, and hawaii: 3 1 3 9612242. u m i article clearinghouse h ere we are, in the midst of the age of inform ation, and everybody wants some. econom ically. quickly. w ith ­ out a hassle. and here we are, at university microfilms international, introducing an answer that makes sense for you. we call it u m i article clearinghouse. y o u ’ll be able to access our cat­ alog of over 7 ,5 0 0 periodical titles and order copies of articles electronically. v ia the o c l c i l l subsystem and i t t d ialcom and others to com e. you can order electronically through c l a s s o ntym e and over a l a n e t as well. y o u ’ll also have the assurance that we hold the listed titles and that yo u ’re getting articles from a licensed agent. t h e y ’ll be shipped to you within 48 hours. and it w on’t cost you an arm and a leg. ($ 4 -$ 6 per arti­ cle for deposit accounts; $8 for credit card accounts.) o u r ja n u a ry 1984 c atalog is available now. call 1-800-732-0616 (in m ichigan, alaska and h aw aii, call collect 3 1 3 /761-4700) for your free copy. u n iv e rsity m icro film s in te rn a tio n a l a x e r o x c o m p a n y 3 0 0 n orth z eeb r o a d a n n a rb o r, m ic h ig a n 48106 acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries c&rl news ■ n ovem ber 2003 / 689 c l a s s i f i e d a d s career opportunities from across the country d e a d lin e s : o rders fo r regular classified advertisem ents m ust reach th e a c r l o ffice on o r before th e second of the m onth preceding publication of the issue (e.g., septem ber 2 fo r the o ctober issue). should th is d ate fa ll on a w eekend or holiday, ads w ill be accepted on the next business day. late jo b listings will be accepted on a sp ace-available basis a fte r the secon d of th e m onth. r a te s : c lassified advertisem ents are $10.85 p e r line fo r institutio n s th a t are a c r l m em bers, $12.95 fo r others. late jo b notices are $24.95 per line fo r institutio n s th a t are a c r l m em bers, $30.45 fo r others. o rgan iza tio ns s u bm it­ ting ads w ill be charged according to th e ir m em bership status. display ad rates range from $500to $925based upon size. p lease call fo r sizes and rates. o r see our w eb site: h ttp ://w w w .a la .o rg /a c rl/. g u id e lin e s : for ads th a t list an application deadline, we sugg e st th a t date be no so on e r than the 20th day o f the m onth in w hich th e n otice a ppears (e.g., o ctob e r 20 fo r the o ctob e r issue). all jo b a nn o uncem ents should include a salary range per policy o f th e a m erican l ibrary a ssociation (ala). job a nn ouncem ents w ill be edited to exclude dispositions open c a t a l o g l ib r a r ia n . (half-time) the m e n n o n ite historical li b r a r y seeks a 0.5 fte catalog librarian. primary duties will be classifying and cataloging materials (50% original) in a research collec t o n of anabaptist-mennonite materials owned by goshen college, afour year liberal arts institution operated by the mennonite church. goshen c ollege is 30 miles southeast of south bend, indiana. ala-accredited master’s strongly preferred; at leasttwo years’ experience cataloging in a n online environment; knowledge of oclc, marc, aacr2, ddc, and lcsh. familiarity with foreign languages and interest in anabaptist/ mennonite history a plus. to apply: full job description and application instructions found at: http://www.goshen.edu/employment/#open. per s o n s from underrepresented groups are encouraged to apply. goshen college, an affirmative action employer, is committed to christian beliefs and values as interpreted by the mennonite church. interviews will begin^ november 15,2003, and continue until filled. projected beginning date: ja n u a ry5,2004. c o l l e c t io n d e v e l o p m e n t l ib r a r ia n . p rim a ry .re­ sp o n s ib ility fo r ensuringthatthe library provides a strong collection that supports the teaching and research mission of the institution. coordinates the selection of materials in all formats; allocates the library’s material budget to the other academic units; works with academic departmental jiaisons to promote appropriate and substantive growth of the library’s collections in all disciplines taught in the indiana university south bend ( u sb) curriculum; selects general monographic and serial materials not covered by departments; and directs collection assessment, evaluation^ a n d deselection activities. the person in this position will also participate in reference deskservices, including some evening and weekend hours. participation in a highly active instruction program may be possible. shares in university governance through memberships on committees, r e p o rts to th e d ire c to r of l ib ra ry s e rv ic e s . r e q u ire d : ala-accredited mls; minimum of five years’ experience at an aca dem ic library with collection developm ent responsibilities; ener­ getic, m otivated, and creative professional with a strong service jw en ta tio n ; strong fiscal management skills; fam iliarity with vendor contracts and licenses. must possess strong oral and written com -»wnication skills and be able to meet the responsibilities of. a tenure-track appointment. preferred: academ ic reference experi .ftöce and knowledge of acquisitions process and preservation tech­ niques. twelve-month appointment beginning august 2004 will be at ‚tfcie associate librarian rank. salary: $45,000-$50,000. review of applications will begin january 10,2004, and will continue until filled. jaend letter of application, résumé, and three letters of reference to: linda fisher, chair, search and screen committee, franklin d. s etíurz library, in d ia n a u n iv e rs ity s o u th b e n d , p.o. box 7111, south bend, in 46634. fax: (574) 237-4472; e-mail: hfisher@iusb.edu. i usb is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. visit our web site: http://www.iusb.edu/~libg/. crim in a to ry references. app lica nts should be aware th a t th e te rm s fa cu lty rank and status va ry in m eaning am ong institutio n s. in te r n e t: c&rl news classifie d ads are a ccessible on the w eb at h ttp ://w w w .a la .o rg/acrl/jo b s. a ds w ill be placed approxim ately four weeks before th e printed edition of c&rl news is published. c o n ta c t: elise parker, c lassified a d ve rtisin g m anager, c&rl news c lassified a d vertising d epartm ent, acrl, a m erican library a ssociation, 50 e. huron st., chicago. il 60611 -2795: (312) 280-2513; fax: (312) 2 80-7663 or (312) 280-2520; e-m ail: c & rlne w sad s@ a la .org . p o lic y : ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications o r placement services com ply with ala anti-discrim ination policies. policy 54.3 states that “ala is committed to equality of opportunity fo ra il library employees or applicantsforem ploym ent, regardless o f race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life-style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala sen/ices, the organization agrees to com ply with this policy. salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting salary figures recom­ mended by state library associationsforprofessional library posts inthese states. the recommendationsareadvisory only,and alahasnotadopted recommendations for minimum salaries. job seekers and employers should considerthese recommended minimums when evaluating profes­ sional vacancies. foradditional information on librarian salaries, contact ala office for library personnel resources. connecticut $39,148 delaware $22,500** illinois $37,408* indiana varies* iowa $23,911 louisiana $26,000 maine varies* massachusetts $31,362* new jersey $38,146 north carolina $27,641** ohio $25,198** pennsylvania $30,249* rhode island $29,800 south carolina varies* south dakota $22,000 texas $33,000 vermont $26,464 west virginia $22,000 * › wisconsin $32,700 *ratherthan establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on variables such as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each commu­ nity, or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. **these recommendations apply only to public librarians. c o o r d in a t o r , in f o r m a t io n l it e r a c y p r o g r a m / r t s e a r c h a n d in s t r u c t io n l ib r a r ia n . (s earch extended) un iv ers ity of s outhe rn m aine (usm) libraries seek a .dynamic and experienced librarian to lead the development of its growing information literacy program. current library expansion atthe portland θβfnpus includes the new centerfor information literacy, a state-of-the art teaching facility. she or he will organize, coordinate, promote, manage, evāhiate, and be the lead instructor in the program with emphasis on http://www.ala.org/acrl/ http://www.goshen.edu/employment/%23open mailto:hfisher@iusb.edu http://www.iusb.edu/~libg/ http://www.ala.org/acrl/jobs mailto:rlnewsads@ala.org 6 9 0 / c&rl news ■ n ovem ber 2003 introductory undergraduate instruction, as well as serve on the general reference services team. usm has gained national recognition for the breadth and quality of its academic programs. portland is an appealing and a w ard-winning community in a beautiful area on the coast of maine. full job description and qualifications are at: www.usm.maine.edu/hrs/jobs/ «professional.htm. d e p a r t m e n t h e a d f o r p e r io d ic a l s a n d n o n p r in t c o l l e c t io n s . the university libraries at the university of memphis is seeking an experienced and dynamic leaderto fill the position of department head for periodicals and nonprint collec­ tions. librarians have faculty status and rank; this is a 12-month, tenure t r a ck position. salary is dependent upon qualifications with a minimum of $38,000 plus department head salary supplement. review of applications b egins 0ctober30,2003, and may continue until the position is filled. see the complete vacancy announcement at: http://exlibris.memphis.edu/an r o d nce/jobs/per_hd.html. the university of memphis is an affirma­ tive action, equal opportunity employer. d ir ec to r o f s p e c ia l p r o je c ts . develop and direct the s pecial projects department; achieve budget and programmatic goals serving as a member of senior management; identify and develop special p r o jects to serve member libraries. immediate assignment is to a direct a projectto select, acquire, catalog, and process a replacement collection f o r the university of houston law library. requirements: mls from an ala-accredited library school; minimum eight years of professional e x perience, at least five years in management; experience in multiple types of libraries; successful management of multiple projects; experi e n ce developing and deploying balanced revenue and expense budgets. location: would consider dallas or houston, texas. to learn more a b o u t us, please visit: www.amigos.org. to apply: send a letter of application, résumé, and three references (one of which was/is in a supervisory capacity over you): a m ig o s l ib rary services, attn: human resources, 14400 midway road, dallas, tx 75244. or y o u may send your information via e-mail: klote@ amigos.org; fax: (972)991-6061. d ir e c t o r , w il l ia m j e f f e r s o n c l i n t o n l ib r a r y , l i ttle rock, arkansas. the national archives and records administration (nara) invites nominations and applications for the position of director o f t he william jefferson clinton presidential library, located in little rock, arkansas. leading candidates will have extensive experience d ir e cting a historical, archival, cultural, philanthropic, educational, or governmental institution. also required is success in building public-private o r o ther coalitions and partnerships to advance the programs and mis­ sions of a public or private institution. candidates should also have a strong purchase college, state university of new york (suny) is seeking an energetic librarian to provide general reference service, with a specialization in the natural or social sciences. will have collection development responsibility for the sciences and serves as a liaison to the school of natural and social sciences. participates in an active information literacy program, teaching both introductory and specialized sessions. serves at the reference desk-some evening and weekend hours. required qualifications: ala accred ited mls; strong academic background in at least one of the sciences or social sciences, preferably psychology, biology, chemistry, or environmental science; excellent written and oral communication skills. p r efe r r ed : $39,000-42,000, commensurate with qualifications and experience. faculty rank: senior assistant librarian; 12 month tenure track. excellent benefits. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to : mr. menelik r. alleyne, esq., affirmative action officer, purchase college, 735 anderson hill road, purchase, ny 10577. closing date for applications is until filled. review of applications begins immediately an affirmative action/ equal opportunity employer. i n terest and understanding of events and issues of the last 50 years, skill in creatively broadening and serving their constituencies, and outstanding communications skills. the library director is responsible for planning, directing, and administering all programs and activities of the library, i n cluding archival, museum, and educational programs. the director of william jefferson clinton library works closely with president c lipton, the william j. clinton presidential library foundation, and the university of arkansas to develop public programs and services that e n h a n c e the growth and reputation of the library as a center of public scholarship and service. this is an excepted service senior level (sl) appointment within the federal government with a salary range of $111,997-$142,500. detailed information about nara and presiden t ia l libraries is available at www.archives.gov. this announcement will remain in effect until the position is filled. applicants should send a re sumé and address how theirq ualifications and experience match the criteria for success in this position. applicants must be u.s citizens. applications should be sent to the following address: richard claypoole, assistant archivist for presidential libraries, national a r c hives and records administration, 8601 adelphi road, college park, md 2 0 7 4 0 -6 0 0 1 ; p ho ne: (3 0 1 ) 8 3 7 -3 2 5 0 ; e -m a il: r i c h ard.claypoole@ nara.gov; orfax: (301)837-3199. j d is t a n c e le a r n in g c o o r d in a to r . provide leadership, direction, planning, and assessment for library support of distance educa­ tion. reference desk service and specialized reference, collection devel o p ment and liaison sen/ices for assigned academic areas. participate in the evening and weekend reference rotation. qualifications: ala-accred i t e d mls or equivalent; minimum of two years’ current experience in academic library reference; experience in web page development, cur r ent instructional technologies, and instructional m aterials design. experience in teaching and in providing library services to distant le a rners preferred. salary minimum: $43,354, negotiable based upon qualifications. send letter of application, résumé, and the names, a ddresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references to: susan e. cirillo, director of library services, southern c o n ­ n ecticut state university, 501 crescent street, new haven, ct 06515-1355. southern connecticut state university is an affirma tive action, equal opportunity employer and encourages women and minorities to apply. http://www.usm.maine.edu/hrs/jobs/ http://exlibris.memphis.edu/anhttp://www.amigos.org mailto:klote@amigos.org http://www.archives.gov c&rl news ■ n ovem ber 2003 / 691 two positions available college of new jersey the college of new jersey is a highly selective, comprehensive residential institution recognized as one of the outstanding public colleges in the country. located between new york city and philadelphia in suburban ewing township, the college enrolls approximately 6,000 undergraduates and 900 graduate students. we are currently seeking candidates to fill two full-time, 12-month, tenure-track positions at the roscoe l. west library. requirements for both positions: ala-accredited master’s degree; excellent interpersonal, oral, and written communication skills. initiative, flexibility, and a strong service orientation are essential. research/scholarly activity, service on institutional committees, and active participation in the profession are expected for tenure. rank is commensurate with qualifications and experience. salary ranges: librarian iii, $41,329-61,998; librarian ii, $45,566-68,340; with full benefits package including tiaa-cref. head of cataloging (librarian ii) provide leadership in cataloging and authority control, developing policies and procedures for cataloging materials in all formats. coordinate the work of a team of professional catalogers; train and supervise paraprofessional catalogers. create original and revise copy cataloging. limited participation in general reference service. qualifications: required: at least three years’ professional-level, recent cataloging experience; extensive knowledge of cataloging standards including aacr2r, lcsh and lc classification, marc21 ‚ oclc; knowledge of metadata standards; ability to implement new cataloging standards and procedures; strong computing skills; excellent problem-solving skills. preferred: management experience; experience cataloging electronic resources; experience with authority control services; familiarity with ddc; knowledge of voyager; knowledge of general reference and facility with electronic and traditional information resources; strong reading knowledge of spanish or other western european language. record of scholarly or professional activity. additional graduate degree is highly desirable. contact: maureen gorman, chair, head of cataloging search committee (mgorman@tcnj.edu). for a more detailed position description, see http://www.tcnj.edu/~eesinfo/employment/library.shtml. social sciences librarian (librarian ii or iii) coordinate collection development and provide in-depth reference for psychology, political science, criminology and justice studies, communication studies, sociology and anthropology. w ork closely with faculty in the school of culture and society to assess the needs of the academic programs; provide subject-specific user education. participate in general reference service, including some weekends and evenings, and in general information literacy program. qualifications: required: educational background and/or experience in a relevant social science; knowledge of general reference and facility with electronic and traditional information resources. preferred: significant experience using resources in the social sciences; experience in statistical methods. basic knowledge of web page design. additional graduate degree in an appropriate discipline is highly desirable. contact: marc meola, chair, social sciences librarian search committee (meolam @tcnj.edu). for a more detailed position description, see http://www.tcnj.edu/~eesinfo/employment/library.shtml. a review of applications will begin november 17, 2003, and will continue until the positions are filled. to apply, please send coverletter, résumé, and names and contact information (including e-mails) for at least four professional references to the attention of the contact person listed for each position to: roscoe l. west library the college of new jersey p.o. box 7718 ewing, nj 08628-0718 applications may be sent by e-mail. to enrich education through diversity, the college o f n ew jersey is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity employer. mailto:mgorman@tcnj.edu http://www.tcnj.edu/~eesinfo/employment/library.shtml http://www.tcnj.edu/~eesinfo/employment/library.shtml 6 9 2 / c&rl n e w s ■ n o v e m b e r 2 0 0 3 university librarian the university of north carolina greensboro the university of north carolina at greensboro (uncg) invites applications and nominations for the position of university librarian. the university librarian reports to the provost and is a full member of the deans council. we are seeking an individual who can provide both visionary leadership and superior management for the library and who will advance its central role in the educational and research missions of the university. uncg’s jackson library has a staff of 31 tenure-track professional librarians and 56 supportstaff and a budget of $7 million. the library’s collections total m orethan2.8 million books, federal and state documents, microforms, and other formats. resources include access to a large and growing number of databases and other online resources including more than 17,000 full-text electronic journals. library facilities include an on-campus storage facility and a separate music division that reports to the university librarian. (for more information, visit the library’s web site at http:// library.uncg.edu.) the library is a dynamic leader in information technology, and the university librarian is expected to maintain this leadership role. candidates must hold an mls from an ala-accredited program, with an additional advanced degree preferred, and have at least five years of increasingly responsible administrative experience in academic or research libraries. experience with budgets and personnel management is expected, and an affinity and enthusiasm fo r fund raising are highly desirable. candidates should have excellent communication skills and must be able to work collegially with library personnel, all members of the university community, and the community at large. they should also have a strong record of scholarship in the form of publications, presentations, and active participation in professional organizations. the librarian serves as the institution's representative on the unc university library advisory council and the association of southeastern research libraries and plays an active role in advancement and public relations. the position has faculty status and is eligible for participation in the tiaa-cref retirement program. it is expected that candidates will qualify for tenure as a professional librarian. salary is competitive and commensurate with experience and qualifications. uncg, one of 16 campuses in the university of north carolina system, is a doctoral research-intensive university with more than 650 faculty and approximately 15,000 students, including 3,000 graduate students, in the college of arts and sciences and six professional schools (business and economics, education, health and human performance, human environmental sciences, music, and nursing). greensboro is a city of about 220,000 with five institutions of higher education in the piedmont triad region of north carolina, a location providing easy access to the research triangle and to recreational opportunities at the coast and the mountains. the local metropolitan area (which includes the cities of high point and winston-salem) has a population of almost 1 million and offers an excellent quality of life. (for more information on the city and the region, visit http://www.gotriad.com.) review of applications will begin on january 10, 2004, and will continue until the position is filled. the appointment is expected to begin july 1 ‚ 2004. applicants should submit their vita with a letter explaining their interest in the position, a description of their view of the responsibilities of the university librarian, and contact information for four references to: timothy d. johnston university librarian search committee office of the provost unc greensboro greensboro, nc 27402 inquiries and applications will be treated confidentially on request. affirm ative action, equal opportunity employer. g o v e r n m e n t in f o r m a t io n lib r a r ia n . the college o f wooster is seeking a government information librarian to be responsible for managing and developing the libraries’ federal deposi t e r y government publication collection and program; participating with other librarians in reference and instructional services; working with academic departments on library instruction and collection development; working effectively with faculty, students, and colleagues in promoting library resources; and representing the college on the government docu­ ments subcommittee of the five colleges of ohio and godort of ohio. f o r details, goto http://www2.kenyon.edu/ohio5/admin.htmandclickon “libraries.” head, information services. levy economics institute of b a r d college, annandale-on-hudson, new york, seeks an entrepreneur­ ial manager to direct the day-to-day operations of a gem of a research c o llection related to economic development, political economy, and mon­ etary policy. duties include: information and research services; digital recoource management; and collection development. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited institution; second master’s in economics, sociol­ ogy, or other field related to public policy research is highly desirable; two plus years’ experience providing collection development and information s e r ces in a foundation, corporate, or other special library related to economics and public policy research; and/or experience in business, http://www.gotriad.com http://www2.kenyon.edu/ohio5/admin.htmandclickon c&rl news ■ n o ve m b e r 2003 / 693 visual resources and media cataloging librarian university of pennsylvania the university of pennsylvania library, patricia and bernard goldstein information processing center, seeks a dynamic, creative, and forward-thinking professional to assume responsibility for managing the ongoing cataloging of visual resources and diverse media. this position is responsible to the head, original cataloging department, one of a number of units that make up the information processing center. the library is a member of the program for cooperative cataloging and contributes to the naco, bibco, and saco programs. the successful candidate must have an understanding of current issues affecting visual resources cataloging in a rapidly changing information and technical environment and of trends in providing access to digital information, as well as experience in cataloging media of all kinds. to be effective, the candidate must also possess strong collegial and interpersonal skills, be able to work effectively with staff at all levels of the organization, and flourish in a high-intensity work environment. as the university of pennsylvania library rapidly develops the digital library, there is a growing reliance on the descriptive and organizational skills of staff in the information processing center. the visual resources and media cataloging librarian will have an opportunity to play a major role in developing innovative methods to describe digital information, in building crosswalks between marc and other metadata, and in working with staff outside the unit on metadata projects. responsibilities: supervises the cataloging of video and other media resources fo r the university library. performs original and complex copy cataloging of visual materials representing all levels of difficulty, all subjects, languages, and formats according to national standards and contributes to the program for cooperative cataloging. assists with the library’s management of a rapidly growing visual resources collection. w orks closely with high-level paraprofessionals and assists same in problem solving. catalogs electronic/digital materials with marc records and creates non-marc metadata records for national and local digital projects. collaborates with the library’s digital team to devise metadata standards fo r the library’s digital presence. investigates, experiments with, and implements new approaches for creating and manipulating bibliographic data, including extended and creative uses of metadata. acts as resource for digital library projects for establishing and applying metadata standards. other cataloging responsibilities as assigned. qualifications: an accredited mls degree or the equivalent in theory and practice with a minimum of three years’ related experience; working knowledge of video and other media resources cataloging procedures and principles including aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, marc21, and national standards; current awareness of national trends and developments in cataloging, metadata standards, and information retrieval; knowledge of metadata schema in order to be flexible and innovative in approaching cataloging problems; excellent analytic and problem-solving skills; excellent communica­ tion, interpersonal, organizational, and time-management skills with strong service orientation; demon­ strated ability to work independently and as part of a team in adynam ic environment; reading knowledge of at least one european language and facility in working with other languages; ongoing commitment to professional development and growth. salary and benefits: highly competitive and comm ensurate with experience. minimum starting salary range $40,000 plus. the university of pennsylvania offers tuition remission (including generous spousal and dependent children benefits), an excellent pension program with a university match, m ortgage/housing assistance, childcare program, excellent area schools, and many other fringe benefits. application procedure: candidates are asked to submit a letter of application, a complete résumé, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references who can address the suitability of the candidate for the responsibilities above. nominations and applications should be sent to: robert eash library human resources officer university of pennsylvania library 3420 walnut street philadelphia, pa 19104 e-mail to: reash@pobox.upenn.edu the u niversity o f pennsylvania is an affirm ative action, equ a l opportunity employer. mailto:reash@pobox.upenn.edu 694 / c&rl news ■ n o ve m b e r 2003 two positions available university of pittsburgh japanese cataloger, east asian library the east asian library seeks an energetic and innovative japanese cataloger. reporting to the head of the east asian library, this position is responsible for the cataloging and classification of all materials in all form ats in the japanese collection and performs all original and copy cataloging using aacr22002 revision, lc classification, lcsh, lcri, marc21 ‚ oclc cjksoftware, and other online facilities. the incumbent also performs authority work on japanese headings for both local and national databases and actively participates in the training and supervision of support staff (including students) involved in the cataloging of japanese language materials. full position announce­ ment is available at: http://www.library.pitt.edu/uls/em ployment/. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school (or recognized equivalent); fluency in spoken and written japanese; knowledge of aacr2 2002 revision, lcri, lc classification, lcsh, and marc21 formats; familiarity with oclc cjk software and online library systems; excellent organizational and communication skills in english and the ability to work effectively in a team-based environment. preferred: experience in working with japanese language materials; experience in an academic library; knowledge of classical japanese; additional advanced degree in appropriate japan related subject area; experience with cjk system and voyager cataloging module; working knowledge of korean. salary: $30,000 minimum. digital projects librarian, digital research library provides computer systems design, management, and technical support for the digital research library. under the supervision of the coordinator of the digital research library, this position is responsible for the developm ent of automated aspects of production workflow, mounting and maintaining digital collections and department websites, and assessing the feasibility of new projects with regard to available technologies, existing vendor services, staffing requirements, etc. incumbent will coordinate work with the uls information systems department an d th e unix systems administrator, and be expected to keep up to date with developments in digital library efforts. full position announcem ent is available at: http://www.library.pitt.edu/uls/em ployment/. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited institution (or an equivalent degree), and two years' experience with computer hardware, software, and operating systems in a complex networked environment. working knowledge of the unix environment, ability to encode in xhtml, sgml, and xml, and programming experience in perl for w eb-based deployment of information and processing text/data. ability to import data and query sql relational databases. knowledge of digital library issues, scanning software and techniques, image form ats and processing, and knowledge of web server technology. ability to pay attention to detail, to work with a wide variety of people as part of a team, and to learn new skills quickly. experience in a production-oriented environment. preferred: supervisory or m anagement experience. experience indexing large full-text databases, programming in java and php, and im plementing css or xslt style sheets. familiarity with the text encoding initiative (tei), encoded archival description (ead), and the open archives initiative protocol for metadata harvesting (oai-pmh). knowledge of digital library extension service (dlxs) middleware for mounting text, image, finding aids, and bibliographic collections. salary: $35,000 minimum. librarians at the university of pittsburgh are m embers of the faculty and are expected to contribute significantly to the profession as well as to perform their specific responsibilities. successful reviews at the third and sixth year of employment lead to the granting of expectation of continuing employment. librarians have a comprehensive benefits package including medical; tiaa-cref, vanguard; and tuition assistance. to apply: submit letter of application (indicating position of interest) and résumé with the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: william gentz personnel librarian 271 hillman library university of pittsburgh pittsburgh, pa 15260 review of applications will begin october 15, 2003, and continue until position is filled. http://www.library.pitt.edu/uls/employment/ http://www.library.pitt.edu/uls/employment/ c&rl news ■ n ovem ber 2003 / 695 university librarian the city university of new york the office of academic affairs of the city university of new york is seeking a university librarian. as a senior member of the staff of the office of academic affairs, the university librarian provides leadership and practical support for collaborative work among the university’s 19 campus libraries forming a single integrated system, and takes a lead role in integrating the libraries with the teaching, learning, and research activities throughout the university. the library system has a combined budget of over $35 million, including $9 million in e-resource licenses and collections of over 5 million volumes. for further information about cuny, please visit our web site at www.cunv.edu. the university librarian will have responsibilities that include: • working with the council of chief librarians and other senior university academic administrators, to establish and implement policies for the university’s libraries; • managing the university’s integrated online library system (ex libris-aleph 500) and related information systems; • negotiating university-wide licenses for nearly $1 million in electronic journals and full text e-resources; • coordinating shared licenses among groups of campus libraries for additional full-text and reference packages totaling nearly $3 million; • negotiating university-wide book, serial and binding contracts; • collecting and maintaining statistics on the university’s libraries; • preparing and justifying budgets; • seeking grants and participating in other fundraising activities; • collaborating with cuny computer and information services leadership; and • representing cuny in metropolitan, statewide and national academic library initiatives. qualifications: the successful candidate will have a strong record of managing library programs, excellent communication skills, the ability to work collaboratively, a demonstrated understanding of library technology, and of the issues facing academic libraries. experience with coordinated programs and fundraising is highly desirable. an mls, subject masters or doctorate and a minimum of 10 years of experience in academic libraries required. review of applications will continue until the position is filled. salary: commensurate with education and experience send cover letter and résumé to: ms. dolly martinez, executive director of executive search and evaluation the city university of new york, 535 east 80th street, new york, ny 10021 l ________________________ the city university o f new york is an eo/aa/lrca employer.________________________ j l aw; or social science department of academic or large public library. experience with digital content management and familiarity with scholar­ ship and publication activity in economics required. full-time, 12-month position. typical college benefit package. salary commensurate with experience. send cover letter and résumé to: bard college, office of human r esources, levy lib ra ry search, p.o. box 5000, annandale-on-hudson, ny 12504. for a more detailed description, visit the bard human resources web site a t http://inside.bard.edu/hr/; orvisit t h e levy institute web site at: www.levy.org. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. l it e r a t u r e c a t a l o g e r . brigham young university (byu), provo utah, an equal opportunity employer, sponsored by the church of jesus christ of latter-day saints, requires observance of church stan darels. preference is given to applicants who are church members. the literature cataloger performs original cataloging following national and leeel standards for the creation of bibliographic and authority records. to apply, review the complete job listing (position #001425) located at http:// www.byu.edu/hr/employment/faculty.html and submit résumé, names of three references, and byu employment application form (available from a bove url) to: erva rieske, library human resource coordinator, 2225 hbll, brigham young university, provo ut 84602. o u t r e a c h a n d in s t r u c t io n lib r a r ia n . liberty uni v e rsity seeks candidates for a 12-month faculty position at the assistant librarian level. the outreach and instruction librarian organizes, coordi n a tes, and assesses the integrated learning resource center’s informa­ tion literacy instruction program; provides orientations, tours, instruction, and training workshops; and develops instructional materials in print and digital formats. qualifications: required: mls or equivalent degree from an ala-accraredited institution; instructional aptitude; strong oral and writ­ ten communication skills; ability to collaborate with librarians and teaching faculty; commitment to christian higher education and en­ dorsem ent of liberty university’s doctrinal statem ent. desirable: e xp erience in teaching information literacy and providing reference service in an academic library; training or experience in public re la tio n s and marketing; mous certification. send letter of applica­ tion and résumé to: gregory a. smith, dean of library services, lib e rty university, 1971 university boulevard, lynchburg, va 24502. liberty university welcomes applications from women and m e mbers of ethnic m inorities. for more inform ation, visit: http:// library.liberty.edu; or e-mail: gsm ith@ liberty.edu. p u b l ic s e r v i c e s l i b r a r ia n / i n t e r l ib r a r y l o a n d i s t a n t l e a r n e r s e r v i c e s c o o r d i n a t o r . foley center library at gonzaga university in spokane, washington, offers a perm anent full-time, tenure-track library faculty position, public sen/ices librarian/interlibrary loan and distant learner services coordinator, responsibilities: plans, coordinates, and evaluates the library’s interli­ brary loan, document delivery, and distant learner service programs; and shares in the faculty’s responsibility for departmental organization and governance. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; five years’ library ex­ perience with at least three years’ experience coordinating interlibrary loan, distant learner services, or related library activities; familiarity with current practices and issues related to interlibrary loan and distant learner services; commitment to improving public services for student and facµlty. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience. posi­ tion is a 12-month permanent tenure-track faculty appointment with liberal faculty benefits, including tuition waiver and relocation assistance. posi­ tion reports to the chair of the public services department. the foley center library is a modem facility with wireless access, 300,000 vol­ umes, a wide variety of databases, and extensive interlibrary loan ser vice s. gonzaga is a four-year comprehensive university dedicated to a catholic and humanistic education of its 5,700 students. spokane is a city o f 2 0 ‚ooo residents and boasts ample restaurants, shopping, a temperate climate, and low cost of living. position is available june 1 ‚ 2004. screen­ ing of applications will begin in january 2004 and continue until position is filled. to apply: send letter of application, vita, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to: faculty search committee, ill/distant learner sen/ices coordinator, c/o dean of li brary services, gonzaga university library, spokane, wa 99258 0001. gonzaga is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer com‚ mitted to diversity, http://www.foley.gonzaga.edu. s y s te m librarian. california institute of the arts, valencia, california. responsibilities: implementation, maintenance, upgrade, and support of the integrated library system hardware and software (voy­ ager); establishing and maintaining access to online subscription databases and electronic journals; manages and oversees use of cataloging and interlibrary loan functions on oclc. qualifications: mls; knowledge of unix, microsoft access, oclc, marc formats. tem porary appointm ent available im mediately through june 30, 2004. full job description available at: http://calarts.edu/about/em p loym ent/academ ic/system slibrarian.html. send letter of applica­ tion, résumé, and names, addresses (including e-mail), and phone http://www.cunv.edu http://inside.bard.edu/hr/ http://www.levy.org mailto:gsmith@liberty.edu http://www.foley.gonzaga.edu http://calarts.edu/about/em696 / c&rl news ■ n ovem ber 2003 education indiana university k o k o m o director of library services the indiana university kokomo library is seeking an innovative and dynamic leader to move its library into an exciting age o f organizational and technological development. the kokomo campus o ffe rs more than 30 academic programs and through the purdue university school of technology the campus also offers degree and certificate programs in a number o f technical fields. the iu kokomo library is part o f the indiana university library system, one o f the leading academic research library system s in north america, providing strong collections, quality service and instructional programs, and leadership in the application o f information technologies. the kokomo library provides printed and electronics m aterials fo r approximately 3 0 0 0 students and 90 faculty members, and is open to the public. the library collection totals 6 5 6 ,5 6 3 volumes including microforms and other media. the beautifully landscaped campus is within an hour drive o f indianapolis and three hours o f cincinnati and chicago. the prim ary responsibility o f the director is to provide leadership in all areas o f library adm inistration and operation including policy and strategic planning, fiscal management, personnel su pervision and the development o f collaborative relationships by establishing strong relationships with the faculty and creating partnerships fo r teaching and learning. the director will lead in the development and implem entation o f a reinvigorated and expanding library program and evaluate the layout o f the library and make changes as needed to make the facility more inviting and user friendly. qualifications: applicants fo r th is position m u st have a mls from an ala accredited program, substantial academic library experience with significant dem onstrated experience in adm inistration and management. previous experience in the supervision and mentoring o f librarians is required along with proven leadership in fiscal management and program development. the successful applicant will have an understanding o f current technological applications and trends in libraries, good knowledge o f curriculum development, project management, knowledge o f diversity issues, excellent written and oral communication skills and the ability to m eet the requirements o f a tenure-track appointment. salary and benefits: salary will be offered in high 7 0 's ; rank will depend upon qualifications and experience. this is a tenure-track academic .appointment th a t includes eligibility fo r sabbatical leaves. benefits include medical, dental and group life insurance; tiaa/cref retirem ent/annuity; tuition assistance, and liberal vacation and sick leave. to apply: submit a letter of application, professional vita, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references by november 3, 2003 to: dr. niranjan pati, chair of the director of library services search committee and dean, school of business, indiana university kokomo 2300 south washington street, p.o. box 9003 kokomo, in 46904-9003 for additional information regarding this position and indiana university kokomo, visit our web site at www.iuk.edu review of applications will begin november 3, 2003 and continue until the position is filled. indiana university kokomo is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. persons with disabilities that need modifications o r adjustments to participate in this application process should contact the office o f affirmative action a t (765) 455-9529. verification o f a‹disability under americans with disabilities act (ada) may be required. numbers of three references to: susan lowenberg, acting dean, division of library and information resources, california insti t u te of the arts, 24700 mcbean parkway, santa clarita, ca 91355; e-mail: susan @calarts.edu. university librarian. longwood university invites nomina tions and applications forthe position of university librarian to begin as early as january 1 ‚ 2004. this position reports to the provost and vice p r e sident for academic affairs. for this full-time, 12-month position, the university seeks a dynamic and creative individual to provide strategic leadership. the university librarian should possess a vision for the modern university library that combines the traditional roles of the aca d e mic library with the increasing importance of electronic information technologies. he or she plans, organizes, coordinates, and directs a b a la nced program of library services for the students, faculty, staff, and administration of longwood university. responsibilities: implement uni­ versity mission and vision through long-range strategic planning; plan and manage all aspects of library operations, including program development, pe rsonnel, budget, and assessment; lead and manage 6 professional librarians and 18 staff members; plan and implement library policies with lib r ary faculty and staff; plan strategies to improve and/or expand library services using available resources; foster successful professional interac tio n with faculty and administrators, including the information and instruc­ tional technology services department. minimum qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited program (earned doctorate preferred); five years of academic library experience in an administrative capacity; record of scholarly and professional contribution at the state, regional, or national level; demonstrated knowledge and understanding of current issues in academic librarianship and higher education; proven ability to work collaboratively with library staff, faculty, students, and administrators; strong interpersonal skills working within a diverse community; demonstrated success in developing and implementing technological innovation in the library; demonstrated proficiency in verbal and written communication. review of applications will begin october 1 7 , 2003, and will continue until the position is filled. forfull consid­ eration, please subm it a cover letter, résumé, transcripts, and the n a m es, with e-mail and telephone contacts, for three professional references to: search committee/university librarian, longwood u n iversity office of human resources, 201 high street, farmville, v a 23909. e-mail: humres@longwood.edu. phone: (434) 395-2015. f ax: (434) 395-2666. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. minorities are encouraged to apply. http://www.iuk.edu mailto:humres@longwood.edu c&rl news ■ n o v e m b e r 2003 / 697 assistant librarian business/patents reference librarian louisiana state university louisiana state university (lsu) seeks an energetic and innovative individual for the position of assistant librarian (business/patents reference librarian/tenure-track). responsibilities: fulfills a combination of responsibilities, including serving at the libraries' main reference desk; participates as a member of the outreach committee; provides collection development services; serves as a faculty liaison for the college of business administration and agricultural economics; administers the patents depository collection; serves as the libraries' representative to the u.s. patent and trademark office. for a detailed description of the position, go to: http://www . lib.lsu.edu/lib/jobs/index.htm l. required qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; 12 hours undergraduate coursework in the areas of business and/or economics or one year related work experience; knowledge of traditional and electronic reference resources; strong com puter skills, including the ability to create w eb pages; ability to work both independently and collegially in a demanding and rapidly changing environment; excellent interpersonal, communication, and organizational skills; evidence of ability to meet promotion and tenure requirements. add itio nal qualifications desired: graduate degree or graduate coursework in business and/or economics; familiarity with current bibliographic and reference sources in business; experience in collection development, reference work, and/or bibliographic instruction in an academ ic library; record of ability to develop and implement effective, innovative public service, instruction, or outreach projects, services, or programs. salary and benefits: $34,000 per fiscal year minimum, dependent upon qualifications and experience; 12-month, tenure-track appointment; excellent benefits. to apply: review of applications will begin novem ber 17, 2003, and will continue until candidate is selected. candidates should submit a letter of application, résumé (including e-mail address), and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: dawn zaske coordinator, personnel services 295 middleton library louisiana state university ref: #019471 baton rouge, la 70803 phone: (225) 578-2217; fax: (225) 578-6825 e-mail: dzaske@lsu.edu ls u is an equ a l opportunity, equ a l access employer. late j o b l istin g s instructional services ubrarian.luther college, decorah, iowa. tenure-eligible position as instructional services librarian/assistant professor beginning late august 2004. required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited program. implements information literacy program, familiar with information literacy standards for higher education, strong interest in teaching/learning, effective oral/written communication. preferred: teaching or professional esperience in an academic or comparable setting. responsibilities: leads faculty librarians toward vision for implementation and promotion of information literacy initiatives, teaches information literacy classes, coordinates and evaluates library instructional activities, meets all obligations for tenure and promotion. application review begins immediately and continues u n til the position is filled. send letter of application, c.v., and names, addresses, and e-mail addresses of three references, and official graduate school transcripts to: ja n e kemp, chair, search committee, preus library, luther college, decorah, ia 521 0 1 phone: (319) 387-1195; e-mail: kempjane@luther.edu. an equal opportunity employer. ; http://www mailto:dzaske@lsu.edu mailto:kempjane@luther.edu acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries shall cause his reproduction to be of a quality satisfactory to the institution from which he has borrowed the originals, and, if published on microfilm, shall meet the minimum standards for microfilming es­ tablished by the library of congress. if the reproduction is published in book form, the publisher must use permanent paper (as defined by the barrow labora­ tories, richmond, virginia). d. the original. (1 ) the publisher will not permit original manuscripts or other ar­ chival materials to suffer physical damage while in his care. should damage occur, all repairs are to be made by qualified conservators in accordance with guide­ lines established by the owning institu­ tion and at the expense of the publisher. (2 ) if the archival or manuscript materi­ als are damaged beyond repair, the pub­ lisher must reimburse the owning institu­ tion at the value set by an independent appraiser who is jointly selected and therefore satisfactory to both the publish­ er and the owning institution. e. reproduction. the owning institution shall specify when the reproductions are to be made and the conditions under which they will be made. f. royalties. the owning institution shall receive from the publisher (1 ) an agreed royalty which has been established in ad­ vance by legal contract and (2 ) a suffi­ cient number of copies of the publisher’s reproduction for the institution’s internal use. g. restrictions. the publisher must respect any restrictions placed upon reproduc­ tions or copies of original manuscripts or archival materials furnished to him. 4. a. both the owning institution and the pub­ lisher must inform purchasers of repro­ ductions that permission to make exten­ sive direct quotations or to print any re­ production in full must be obtained from the owning institution. every reproduc­ tion must bear a clear statement to this effect. b. manuscripts must not be published with­ out due regard for common law rights, literary rights, property rights, and libel laws. ■ ■ acrl membership january 31, 1973 ............................... 12,472 january 31, 1974 ............................... 13,722 january 31, 1975 ............................... 13,660 clr board elected page ackerman, librarian of the uni­ versity of california at los angeles, ruth davis, director of the national bureau of standards’ center of computer sci­ ence and technology, w arren j. haas, librarian and vice-president of columbia university, and maximilian w. kempner, member of the new york law firm of webster sheffield fleischmann hitch­ cock & brookfield, have been elected to the board of directors of the council on library resources, inc. ( c l r ). classified a dvertising notice respondents to advertisers offering faculty "ra n k " and "status" are advised tha t these terms are ambiguous and should inquire as to benefits involved. a ll advertisements submitted by institutions offering positions must include a salary range. the range should provide the ap plicant with an indication of the salary the institution is w illin g to provide for the position offered.. a ll advertisements for the. positions wanted and the positions open classifications w ill be e d ­ ited to exclude dire ct o r indirect references to race, creed, color, age, and sex as conditions of employment. classified advertising orders and copy, and cancellations, should be addressed to the a dvertising department, 50 east huron street, chicago 60611, and should reach that office before the second of the month preceding p u b li­ cation of issue desired. copy received after that time may be held fo r the next issue. telephone orders for classified advertising, while not encouraged because of the increased risk of copy error, w ill be accepted. calls should be directed to leona swiech at (312) 944-6780. a confirming order should be mailed to the a dvertising department as soon as pos­ sible following the call, along with typewritten copy to be used in proofreading the ad. rate fo r classified advertising is $1.30 per printed line. positions wanted mls plus ma and postgraduate b.ed. five years' teach­ ing plus i*/2 years' college public services, 2'/2 special administration, 5 university technical services. regular or special assignment. full resume available; can relocate. w rite box number 847. positions open a cq u isitio n s head of acquisitions. ala-accredited mls, proven administrative a b ility , substantial experience in acqui­ sitions work, interest in developing automated acqui­ sitions program. faculty status, not professional title ; e lig ib le for tenure. mandatory state retirement plan; tiaa optional. sick leave benefits; 20 days annual 97 vacation. salary: $16,000-$18,000. available: july i, 1975. inquire: mr. robert gibbs, chairman, acquisitions librarian search committee, ralph brown draughon library, auburn university, auburn, alabama 36830. an equal opportunity employer. administration deputy director for resource development. re­ sponsible for acquiring and organizing library materials with specific emphasis on agriculture and related sub­ jects. formulates, develops and implements programs and plans in area of responsibility consonant with the overall programs and policies of the national a g ri­ cultural library and the department of agriculture. participates in the development and activation of nal approved national and international cooperative indexing and cataloging programs. must have experience, and knowledge of various automated input and output cataloging and information retrieval systems such as oclc, medline, lockheed's dialog retrieval service. must have several years of demonstrated administrative and line experience in managing a staff responsible for acquisitions, cataloging and indexing. must have an mls or equivalent college education, training a n d /o r ex­ perience providing a knowledge of theories, etc. of pro­ fessional librarianship and literature resources. gs-i4i0-i5, minimum salary $29,818. send c ivil service standard form 171 to: mrs. darlene fowler, usda, ars, personnel div., federal building, room 568, hyattsville, md 20782. director of libraries for the university of missouri st. louis, a public urban university (enrollment 12,000) offering undergraduate and graduate programs. responsi­ ble fo r overseeing all aspects of operation of 350,000 volume library with 35 full-tim e employees. mls and substantial library and administrative experience re­ quired. subject master's or doctorate preferred. knowl­ edge of library administration, evidence of professional activity, a b ility to work well with people required. salary and benefits: $25,000—$30,000, 4 weeks vacation, and other fringe benefits. starting date sept. i, 1975. quali­ fying candidates should send resume and supporting documents to dean blanche touhill, associate dean of faculties, university of missouri-st. louis, 8001 natural bridge road, st. louis, mo 63121. an equal op portunity/ affirmative action employer. university librarian. urban institution with 6 schools and approximately 19,000 students, offering undergraduate and graduate degree programs invites applications for university librarian. candidates should hold graduate degree in librarianship from ala-accredi†ed library school and doctorate in academic field or at least a 2nd master's in an academic field. a t least 5 yrs. progressively responsible administrative experience in an academic or research library of substantial size and experience in financial budgeting and long-range planning are important qualifications. experience in both technical and public service areas of library work, including fam iliarity with automated systems, is also advantageous. salary: $29,000 $32,000. a pply: dr. eli a. zubay, vice president for academic affairs, georgia state univ., university plaza, atlanta, ga 30303. an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. librarian. a vacancy as assistant university librarian, collections, u. of c. santa barbara, w ill exist upon re­ tirement of martha h. peterson, june 30, 1975. know­ ledgeable and creative leadership in maintenance of collections, with additions of about 70,000 volumes per year, is being sought. experience in collections develop­ ment in academic institutions, administrative capacity, demonstrated a b ility to work well with staff, book trade representatives, faculty and general patrons; broad and thorough understanding of publishing, the book trade, libraries and their materials; and university scholarship are necessary attributes. minimum educational require­ ment is graduation from an accredited postgraduate school of librarianship. additional education may have contributed to desired breadth and depth of scholar­ ship. the successful candidate for this position probably w ill have had a decade of appropriate professional experience. salary range, prior to pending range adjust­ ments is $i8,000-$30,400. librarians at santa barbara have been organizing themselves collegially, and a task force report on the relationship of collegiality to this position is under discussion. w rite to donald c. david­ son, university librarian, university of california, santa barbara, ca 93106. an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. assistant to library director. assist director in personnel management, budget preparation and control, perform administrative and cost studies. qualifications include mls with experience a n d /o r training in library management and library automation desirable. salary: $10,000-$14,000 depending on qualifications and experience. send resume to : david a. kronick, ph.d., library director, university of texas health science center, san antonio, tx 78284. executive director for pittsburgh regional library center, a consortium of 35 academic, public and special libraries. responsible for planning and administering all center programs for cooperative development including participation in ohio college library center. q u a lifi­ cations are mls from accredited library school, 4 years' experience in library administration, knowledge of machine data bases, experience in proposal writing and fund raising, a b ility to deal with people. position open now. minimum salary $15,000 and negotiable. 12 month appointment, good fringe benefits. send resume to: mrs. glenora e. rossell, chairman, search committee, 271 hillman library, u. of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, pa 15260. an equal opportunity employer. librarian. department head responsible for adminis­ tration of j. henry meyer memorial library for services to undergraduate student population, including book selection and public service. requires evidence of knowl­ edge of and concern for undergraduate studies; ex­ perience in one or more public service departments; knowledge of book selection principles and practices 98 with regard to undergraduate collections; evidence of administrative a b ility in providing effective relations with and service to faculty and students. mls or equiva­ lent training plus 8 years' professional experience; work of relevant nature outside field of librarianship may be used in partial fulfillm e nt of this requirement. salary $ 15,000—$20,000. send resume to: lawrence leonard, search officer, room 106-a, stanford university li­ braries, stanford, ca 94305. an equal o p p o rtu n ity / affirm ative action employer. cataloging assistant cataloger. university of wisconsin, w hite water, to begin sept. 2, 1975, preference w ill be given to experience in print and non-print materials. familiarity with lc and aacr and knowledge of french and german. a nticipate participation in oclc sept. 75. some reclassification. require ala-accredited mls. faculty rank and status. 9 month contract, university retirement system. group insurance, sick leave, social security. minimum salary $10,000. submit resume and placement credentials by may 15, 1975 to virginia love­ ring, chairperson of search and screen committee, uni­ versity of wisconsin whitewater, learning resources center, whitewater, w l 53190. an equal o p portunity/ affirm ative action employer. women and members of minority groups encouraged to reply. cataloger. a vailable immediately. new community college seeks cataloger with cataloging experience at the community college level. responsible fo r cataloging book and nonbook resources for a multicampus insti­ tution. proficiency in ddc and lc subject headings re­ quired. mls desirable. salary: $9,500-$10,500. reply with resume to: pat campbell, personnel dept., metropolitan technical community college, 13202 " i " street, omaha, ne 63187. head cataloger. minimum 5 yrs experience in technical services in acad. libs. responsible fo r cat. 26,000 vols. yearly and conversion of 300,000 vols. from ddc to lc. staff of 17. req: mls and subj m a or equiv. sal. $14,664—. position open 7/1/75. contact f. a. schneider, san francisco state unîv., 1630 holloway, s.f., ca 94132. an affirm ative action employer. cataloging department head. adm inistration of department in close cooperation with heads of a cqui­ sitions and serials. full time staff of ii and 10 fte student assistants processing about 30,000 volumes per year. challenging problems and new developments con­ trib ute to a fluid and interesting situation. excellent working conditions in modern building. salary for 9 month-year (mid-august to mid-may) $14,500 or more depending on qualifications. full faculty privileges, rank dependent on academic qualifications. excellent fringe benefits, tiaa-cref, and professional travel op por­ tunities. requirements: mls accredited library school; 5 years progressive experience in academic library; and administrative ab ility. send resume to: elizabeth myers, chairman, committee on faculty selection, central michigan university library, mt. pleasant, ml 48859. an equal op portunity/a ffirm a tive action employer. head monograph cataloging division. supervise units responsible for descriptive cataloging of mono­ graphs in english and western european languages, and pre-order and pre-cataloging searching. several years professional experience in descriptive cataloging in large academic library, knowledge of several european lan­ guages and supervisory a b ility required. salary $15,800— $19,000. w rite: mrs. lynn marko, assistant fo r personnel and staff development, u. of michigan library, ann a rbor, ml 48104. n on-discrimina†ory/affirmative action employer. cataloger. university health sciences library. col­ lection classified nlm since i960, divided catalog using mesh. adequate clerical support. require mls bio­ logical sciences background and 2 years professional ex­ perience. fam iliarity with oclc and other computer applications desirable. salary: $10,000 up depending on qualifications. 12-mo. contract; faculty rank and good fringe. send resume to : priscilla m. mayden, director, eccles medical sciences library, univ. of utah, salt lake city, ut 84112. an equal opportunity employer. cataloger. requires ala-accredited mls, including cataloging-classification courses; background or interest in music, architecture, and fine arts. experience and working knowledge french and german desirable. faculty status, not professional title ; e lig ib le for tenure. state retirement plan mandatory; tiaa optional; sick leave; 20 days vacation. salary: approx. $11,000. position avail­ able july i, 1975. inquire to: miss minnie w all, c hair­ man, cataloger search committee, ralph brown draughon library, auburn university, auburn, alabama 36830. an equal opportunity employer. cataloger. professional cataloger to handle original cataloging of monographs in the sciences. w ork assign­ ment consists of pure and applied sciences, with em­ phasis on geology and electrical engineering. other related activities may be assigned such as revising of filin g and involvement with our reclassification program. knowledge of non-book cataloging also desirable. person fillin g this position w ill be accorded faculty status with 12-mon†h contract. preference given to candidates with master's in science field as well as required mls from ala-accredited library school with course in advanced cataloging. working knowledge of at least two foreign languages desirable; german, french, spanish preferred. professional librarians earn 24 working days vacation, plus 12 days sick leave, standard package of legal holidays and other fringe benefits, such as optional tiaa retirement. salary: $9,300 minimum, dependent on experience and a b ility to assume administrative re­ sponsibilities of senior cataloger. deadline a p ril 15, 1975. send resume to : james n. myers, assistant librarian for technical services. univ. of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. an equal opportunity employer. cataloger. o riginal cataloging. editing of cataloging prepared by others. supervision and training of support staff. desired qualifications: mls. knowledge of foreign 99 languages. additional desirable qualifications: back­ ground in social sciences; ab ility to supervise. experience desirable but not essential. salary: $9,000+ depending on qualifications. faculty status and responsibilities; 22 working days annual vacation; group insurance; tiaa cref retirement. date of vacancy: july i, 1975 or before. apply with resume to: personnel officer, purdue univ. libraries, west lafayette, in 47907. deadline a p ril 20, 1975. an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. cataloger. o riginal cataloging. editing of cataloging prepared by others. supervision and training of support staff. desired qualifications: bachelor's degree majoring in sciences or engineering, mls. additional desirable qualifications: knowledge of russian and ability to supervise. experience desirable but not essential. salary $9,000 or more depending on qualifications. faculty status and responsibilities; 22 working days annual va­ cation. group insurance; tiaa-cref retirement. date of vacancy: july i, 1975. apply with resume to: personnel officer, purdue univ. libraries, west lafayette, in 47907. deadline a p ril 20, 1975. an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. multiple head of acquisitions-bibliography: responsible for directing the selection and ordering of material for library's monographic collection; supervise a staff of eight; three years related experience required; additional graduate work beyond mls and knowledge of library data processing techniques are desirable; minimum $890 per month. assistant reference librarian: provide general reference service for students and faculty; as­ sist with library orientation program and interlibrary loan activity; minimum $860 per month. assistant periodical librarian: provide public service in­ struction in use of periodicals for students and faculty; aid with supervision of student assistants; minimum $860 per month. a ll positions require mls from ala-ac credited school; positions carry faculty rank and status. request application from: assistant director of libraries; western illinois university, macomb, il 61455. an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. gain the experience other libraries require. two more junior professional positions with specific assignment to public or technical services upon employment. seeking language capabilities, agriculture, a n d /o r engi­ neering. library is oclc operational through amigos. temporary positions for at least two years, possibly longer, without tenure accrual. a ll other perquisites identical to those for academic. $9,240 for 12-mo. year beginning july i, 1975. provide full resume in initial contact and request career information folders be forwarded to james dyke, director of library, box 3475, new mexico state univ., las cruces, nm 88003. a ppoint­ ments w ill not be made if positions not approved by state legislature. an equal opportunity/affirm ative ac­ tion employer. acquisition librarian and serials/govt. docu­ ments librarian. two positions: small city of 12,000. high quality liberal arts college library of 190,000 volumes and 1,200 periodical titles. requires mls accredited library school. no experience necessary, but w ill be given consideration. faculty status with 9 month contracts. sum­ mer work available. usual fringe benefits o f an academic institution. minimum salary $8,800 for academic . year. position open fall 1975. contact miss marian bishop, stockwell memorial library, albion college, albion, ml 49224. public services assistant director for public services. shares responsibility for libraries-wide planning and policy and program development with other university libraries administrative officers. develops and implements public service policies and programs and coordinates system wide public services activities. represents university libraries on all public service matters. reviews and monitors public services budget. the university at buffalo is the largest in the suny system. the libraries serve student body of over 25,000 and faculty of 1,600; support­ ing 55 ph.d. programs and a broad range of professional schools, including health sciences and law. q ualifi­ cations: required—mls and 3 to 5 years' public service experience in large academic setting. desirable—ad­ ditional graduate degree, research interests, and p u b li­ cations. rank: librarian or associate librarian. salary: $20,000 range commensurate with qualifications. send resume to: dr. arthur cole, libraries personnel officer, state university of new york at buffalo, 308 lockwood memorial library, 3435 main street, buffalo, ny 14214. an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. reference reference librarian. general reference. mls re­ quired. experience or subject background in other discipline (e.g., business administration or a behavioral science) highly desirable. 12-mon†h contract, with initial appointment at instructor or assistant professor. salary $ 10,400—$ 12,800 range. closing date for app. may i, 1975. send resume to: donald h. burrier, personnel o fficer/b udget officer, university libraries, kent state univ., kent, oh 44244. an equal opportunity employer. education reference librarian. instructor responsi­ ble for the directing and development of a budding curriculum materials center. share general library reference duties. mls and 2nd master's in education. proven administrative ab ility and academic library ex­ perience. salary: $13,500. excellent fringe benefits. send resume to: gladys w. jarrett, acting chief librarian, york college, cuny, 150-14 jamaica ave., jamaica, ny 11432. an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. assistant reference librarian. mini mum of mls from ala-accredited library school. some special or advanced preparation in outside subject area(s) pre­ ferred. under direction of library services reference librarian, performs professional library duties in pro­ viding reference information services to students, faculty and staff. applies professional library techniques and procedures in the performance of his/her reference duties. salary w ill be based upon the institutional support personnel salary schedule. starting range be­ tween $10,727-$11,226. position w ill be filled by july i, 1975. send vitae to: pima county community college district, p.o. box 48, 2202 w . anklam rd., tucson, az 85709. an equal opportunity employer. head reference services; key position in university health science library for qualified biomedical librarian with minimum five years experience, including reference, supervision and medline. responsibilities: administration of active department with one professional, one assistant, adequate clerical support. salary: $12,500 up for 12 month contract, faculty rank, good fringe. send resume: priscilla m. mayden, director, eccles medical sciences library, univ. of utah, salt lake city, ut 84112. an equal opportunity employer. reference/government publications librarian. responsible for government publications reference and research service, as well as some general reference work. w ill direct and supervise technical processing of u.s. and un documents, including reclassification of us publications to sudocs. mls from accredited school, at least 3 years experience with government materials. faculty status. salary: from $10,000 depending on quali­ fications. unique region, delightful climate. send resume with 3 references to ms. dorothy webb trester, chair­ man search committee, general library, univ. of new mexico, albuquerque, nm 87131. an equal opportunity/ affirmative action employer. serials head serials librarian: perform function of acqui­ sition and cataloging of all serials in university library system, including check-in and processing of current 100 periodicals. approx. 30,000 titles currently received. serials budget for 74/75 fiscal year approx. $600,000, ex­ cluding binding. person selected will be responsible for supervision of 3 professional librarians, 9 career staff members as well as student assistants. must have mls from ala-accredited library school, absolute minimum 2 years experience in technical services (preferably serials) at large academic library. supervisory experi­ ence or potential essential. minimum salary: $13,000. professional librarians earn 24 days vacation each year + 12 days sick leave, standard package of academic holi­ days and fringe benefits. deadline a pril 15, 1975. position available september i, 1975. send resume to: james n. myers, assistant librarian for technical ser­ vices, univ. of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. an equal opportunity employer. head of serials cataloging. this section is re­ sponsible for classifying and processing all serial ma­ terials in both english and foreign languages for lock wood library and related units. all official records for serials cataloging are created, and official statistics of holdings are maintained by this list. qualifications: candi­ dates should have mls ala-accredited school. serials cataloging experience is required. a t least three to five years experience in a large research library is desirable. demonstrated knowledge of aacr and lc cataloging is necessary. salary range: $14,000-$16,000. inquiries may be sent to: dr. arthur cole, libraries personnel officer, suny, buffalo, 308 lockwood memorial library, buffalo, new york 14214. an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. serials cataloger. under direction of the head of catalog department, the serials cataloger is responsible for serials catalog section which creates and maintains automated serials catalog. desired qualifications: a graduate degree in librarianship. plus ab ility to super­ vise. previous experience with serials, data processing, foreign language skills and background in science or engineering advantageous. salary: $9,000+ depending on qualifications. faculty status and responsibilities, 22 working days annual vacation, group insurance, tiaa cref retirement. apply with resume to: personnel o ffi­ cer, purdue univ. libraries, west lafayette, in 47907. deadline a pril 20, 1975. an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. subject specialists librarian rare book collections. duties involve collection development, preservation and services. pro­ fessional experience in rare book collection essential. history of science background desirable. salary. $15,481+. send apps to room 1471, arts & industries bldg., smith­ sonian institution, washington, dc 20560. an equal op­ portunity employer. rare book cataloger. duties include identification and full cataloging of rare books. professional experience in rare book work and cataloging essential. working knowledge of latin and one or more modern languages desirable. salary: $15,481. send apps to room 1471, arts and industries bldg., smithsonian institution, washington, dc 20560. an equal opportunity employer. assistant professor. teach in three areas: i. history of books, printing and libraries; 2. bibliography; and 3. nonprint media and services. ph.d. or candidacy, plus library experience, also teaching preferred. salary: $13,000 minimum. begin september 16, 1975. send resume to: e. w. mcdiarmid, search committee, library school, 419 walter library, university of minnesota, minneapolis, mn 55455. an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. science librarian. first responsibility to integrate 6 separate department collections into new science center library scheduled for completion about june i, 1975. requirements: professional master's degree; educational background in any of sciences, at least at undergraduate level; experience in academic science library sufficient to have given acquaintance with wide variety of materials; organizational and administrative ability. salary: $12,000. usual benefits include tiaa, blue cross/blue shield. posi­ tion open july i, 1975. apply: miss helen m. brown, li­ brarian, wellesley college, wellesley, ma 02181. assistant krannert librarian (management, eco­ nomics and agricultural economics). duties include book selection, collection development, catalog maintenance, etc., as well as reference service and bibliographic as­ sistance to users. qualifications: graduate degree in li­ brarianship; strong interest in subjects covered by the library management an d/or economics highly desirable. faculty status and responsibilities. 12-month appoint­ ment. salary up to $13,000 depending on qualifications. send resume of qualifications and experience to person­ nel officer, purdue univ. libraries, west lafayette, in 47907. deadline a p ril 15, 1975. an equal opportunity/ affirmative action employer. technical services assistant director for technical services. re­ sponsible for administration of technical services including acquisitions, serials control, and cataloging. qualifica­ tions include mls plus experience in technical service, personnel administration, fiscal management and library automation. salary: $12,000—$18,000 depending on qu alifi­ cations and experience. send resume to: david a. kronick, ph.d., library director, university of texas health sci­ ence center, san antonio, tx 78284. technical services librarian. small liberal arts college; responsible for acquisitions, cataloging and serials. salary $9,000 per annum. experience in technical services. send resume to: librarian, barat college li­ brary, lake forest, il 60045. an equal op portunity/affir­ mative action employer. 101 now, only $345 gives you access to twenty billion dollars worth of u. s. government scientific and technical research. government reports annual index, 1974 edition five indexes and six hard-cover volumes cover the 60,000 new technical reports produced from government sponsored re­ search. the national technical information services annual index includes a subject index (2 volumes); corporate author index; personal author index; accession/report number index; contract number index. this first annual index to be published in hardcover provides a merged and corrected index to all gov­ ernment reports in the ntis collection published during the year. march, 1975 $345.00 government reports announcements and index clear, concise abstracts of government reports, published bi­ weekly, in a specially designed paper cover format for librarians and information specialists.they’re arranged in 22 subject fields, further divided into 178 subgroups. entries list authors, subjects, contract numbers and accession/report numbers; also types of reproduction and prices. cross-referenced, with each citation listed eleven times. annual subscription, $125.00 ■ 1974 announcements still available $70.00 ■ 1975 announcements and indexes available only as a set $125.00 introducing the first multidisciplinary guide to review articles index to scientific reviews n ow you can easily retrieve review a rti­ retrieve more recent articles through citation cles on any subject in science. the in d ex relationships. to s c ie n tific reviews ( i s r '“) w ill index h ig h ly c u r r e n tth e m each year— over 1 6 ,0 0 0 review s the isr indexes the review literature on a selected from m ore than 2 ,7 0 0 o f the calendar year basis. a soft-bound semi-annual m o s t im p o r t a n t jo u r n a ls p u b lis h e d issue (covering january to june) will be avail­throughout the world. able each september, and a hard-bound an ­ b r o a d c o v e r a g e nual cumulation will appear the following april. over 100 disciplines in every area of science are so you can find new articles while they re still covered: new. agricultural, biological a n d in e x p e n s iv e and environmental sciences a year’s subscription to the isr costs only engineering and technology $250. you get a lot of information—and easy medical and life sciences access to it—for your money. physical and chemical sciences social and behavioral sciences w h a t’s i n i t f o r y o u ? the isr could be the most welcome addition to so you won’t have to go through separate ref­ erences to locate review articles for subjects in your library you’ll make all year. there just isn’t any other reference tool that indexes so many any of these areas. with one index—the isr —you can cross disciplinary boundaries and review articles so effectively. once you have it, retrieve these key articles no matter where they you’ll use it over and over again to find those were published in the literature. the isr will one or two key articles you need to start you off even cover the literature published in quarterly on a really thorough search. and what better and annual “review” publications (eg., annual way to find those summary-type articles for review o f biochemistry). students, researchers, and educators in need of quick reviews of subjects unfamiliar to them? e ffe c tiv e ly in d e x e d the index to scientific reviews is organized to f o r m o r e in f o r m a t io n a b o u t give you easy yet precise access to the review t h e i s r . . . articles you need. you can search by authors, the first is r annual c u m u latio n (cover­ title words, word phrases, and organizations. in ing the 1 9 7 4 lite ra tu re ) w ill be o ut soon, addition the isr includes a citation index that so get th e fu ll story on the in d e x to s c ie n ­ permits you to start a search with previously tific reviews now. just fill in th e coupon, published material relevant to a subject and and m a il it today. now in print! bonwell charles c bonwell charles c, dept of hist, national southeast mo st coll, cape girardeau mo 63701 bo nw ich w illiam t, dept of mktg, st faculty louis univ, st louis mo 63103 b o n w it marianne, dept of german, univ of cal, berkeley cal 94720 directory b o n w itt kenneth l, dept of libr sei, miami-dade jrc oll, 11380 nw 27th ave, miami fla 33167 bony jean v, dept of hist of art, univ of cal, berkeley cal 94720 bonyhard janet f, dept of phil, mary wash coll, fredericksburg va 22401 bonyun david a, dept of computer an alp 7’ habetica 5 l list, with addresses, o f about 435,000 sei, acadia univ, wolfville, n s canada members of teaching faculties at junior colleges, d0640 colleges, and universities in the united states and at bonzelaar helen, dept of art, calvin selected canadian institutions. fifth edition. two volumes. coll, e belt line m37, grand rapids mich 49506 2,327 pages. l.c. no. 76-114404. isbn 0-8103-0652-2. bonzelet joseph t, dept of law $85.00/set. enforcement, coll of the mainland, 8001 palmer hwy, tex city tex 77590 the national faculty directory is the standard reference for bonzyk edmund, dept of phys ed, identifying and locating members of teaching faculties at thornton comm coll, south holland iii 60473 u.s. and selected canadian institutions of higher educa­ boo m ary richard, dept of english, tion. nfd-1975 is a thoroughly updated work: over coll of st scholastica, duluth minn 110,000 changes have been made in existing listings and 5581 1 about 35,000 names have been added. each entry gives boo m atilde l, dept of modern lang, univ of miss, univ miss 38677 name, department, institution, and complete mailing boo sung lai, dept of soc work, address. catholic univ of america, wash d c 20017 boo w illiam o j, dept of chem, univ of review ers' c o m m e n t s miss, univ miss 38677 on previous e d it io n s . . . booden theodore, dept of microbiol, choice: "clearly, this compilation is one of the most chicago med sch, 2020 w ogden ave, important reference works now available to the higher chicago iii 60612 boodey c webster, dept of poli sei, education academic community . . . an essential acquisition fashion inst of tech, 227 w 27th st, for all academic libraries.” new york ny 10001 boodley james’w , dept of hort, american reference books annual: "the cornell univ, ithaca n y 14850 currency of information in the present edition is con­ boodnick allan, dept of fine arts comm, cerritos coll, 11110 e alondra, siderably better than are most mailing lists distributed by norwalk cal 90650 some publishers and special mailing houses." boody charles george, dept of mus, austin coll, sherman tex 75090 higher education book review : "the national booe luetta navada, dept of nursing, univ of n c, wilmington n c 28401 faculty directory is a thorough and comprehensive boohar richard k, dept of zool, univ volume and an invaluable source material for personnel in of nebr, lincoln nebr 68508 the academic community and otherwise. a 'must' reference booher delbert, dept of reproductive aid in any administrative-academic office." biol, case western reserve univ, cleveland ohio 44106 "this should prove to be a widely booher edith rapp, dept of ed, science books: elizabethtown coll, elizabethtown pa used reference in colleges, universities, public libraries, 17022 educational and professional organizations, etc. . . . booher edwin r, dept of english, highly recommended." lincoln land comm coll, springfield iii 62703 dept of religious order now to receive nfd-1975 on free 30-day approval. booher harold h, lit, episcopal theol sem, box 2247, receive future editions as published by placing a time austin tex 78767 saving standing order. ___ booher james m, dept of health & phys ed, s d st univ, brookings s d 57006 booher jerry g, dept of computer gale research co. technol, scottsdale comm coll, box y, book tower • detroit, michigan 48226 scottsdale ariz 85252 acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 370 / c &rl news course w ill draw upon the expertise and re ­ sources of the northeast document conserva­ tion center in andover. a hands-on session and trips to n ed c c are included. contact: director of admissions, g sl is, simmons college, 300 the fenw ay, boston, ma 02115; (617) 7 3 8 ­ 2264. 1 4 1 8 — d ocum entation: “in form atio n , c om ­ munications and technology transfer” is the theme for the 43d congress of the federation in­ tern ation ale de docum entation (f id ), m on­ treal, september 14-1 8 , 1986. topics covered will include copyright issues in electronic pub­ lishing, developments in communications, and the political and social issues surrounding tech­ nology transfer between governments, nations, and institutions. contact: denis rousseau, l o ­ cal organizing committee, c .p. 1144, succur­ sale place desjardins, montreal, quebec, c an­ ada h5b 1b3; (514) 282-3884. 1 9 -2 0 — new technology: “connections: improv­ ing library services through uses of technol­ ogy,” bismarck hotel, chicago, sponsored by the illinois, indiana, and wisconsin chapters of a c r l. c ontact: d onna goehner, university library, western illinois university, macomb, il 61455. 20— ohio chapter: “developing library person­ nel for the 1980s…and beyond,” annual meeting of the academic library association of ohio, sinclair plaza hotel, columbus. charles dy­ gert, ohio state university, will speak on “c re­ ating environments for the expression of hu­ man excellence.” contact: paula n. w arnken, xavier university libraries, 3800 victory park­ way, cincinnati, oh 45207; (513) 745-3881. october 1 1 -1 2 — california: second binational conference on libraries of the californias, calexico, c ali­ fornia, and mexicali, mexico. sponsored by the california state library with the cooperation of san diego state university-imperial valley, un­ iversidad autonoma de b a ja c alifornia, and centro de ensenanza tecnica y superior. o bjec­ tives: to increase the understanding of library and in fo rm a tio n services for the s p a n ish ­ speaking population of the u.s.-m exico border the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. region, and to promote multitype library coop­ eration. contact: reynaldo ayala, director, in ­ stitu te for b ord er studies, san d iego state university-imperial valley campus, 720 heber, calexico, ca 92231; (619) 357-3721, 265-4201. 2 5 3 0 — health sciences: annual c onference, north atlantic health sciences libraries, shera­ ton islander inn, newport, rhode island. key­ note speaker ira magaziner will address the eco­ nomic outlook in the health care field. contact: chris chapman, women and infants hospital of rhode island, health sciences information center, 50 maude st., providence, ri 02908; (401) 274-1100, x l570. november 1 2 — manuscripts: “editing and editors: a retro­ spect,” the 21st annual conference on editorial problems, will be held at the university of t o­ ronto. speakers include bruce m. metzger, “his­ tory of the editing of the greek new t esta­ m e n t” ; l eo n a rd b o y le , “ t h e e d itin g of m edieval t e x ts” ; and d onald h. r eim an , “notes on the history of editing texts of the 18th and 19th centuries.” registration is limited to 100 delegates. contact: richard landon, con­ ference on editorial problems, victoria univer­ sity, 73 queen’s park crescent, university of t o­ ronto, ontario, canada m5s 1k7. 2 2 -2 6 — africana: fall meeting of the archives libraries committee of the african studies as­ sociation, join tly held with the middle e ast studies association, hyatt regency, new o r­ leans. t h e cooperative a fricana m icroform project (camp) will also meet. contact: joseph j. lauer, university research library, ucla, los angeles, ca 90024. ■ ■ erratum the address of the u.s. office of datascape information, publishers of l an ds earch, an in­ dex to the periodical literature of landscape ar­ chitecture, was given incorrectly in the april 1985 issue. the correct address should have read: datascape information, p .o . box 396, cranford, nj 07016. rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accom panied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ dem ic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each july /august 1985 / 371 listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising d e p ’t, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. positions open arabic language catalo ger, harvard college li­ brary. origi nal descriptive and subject cataloging of arabic mon­ ographs and serials as well as overseeing lc copy cataloging. qual­ ifications: mls; academ ic study of arabic language, literature, and civilization with background in islamic culture; good reading knowl­ edge of arabic, familiarity with aacr2 and lc classification and sub­ ject headings. available now. librarian i or ii, depending on qualifi­ cations. l ib ra ria n i: $ 1 8 ,1 6 5 m in im um , l ib raria n ii: $ 21 ,63 0 minimum. good benefits package. resumes to: karen n. mcfarlan, university personnel librarian, widener library, harvard university, cambridge, ma 02138. an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. a s s is ta n t director for co llection development. overall coordination, direction, and supervision of collection devel­ opm ent divisions of circulation, acquisitions, interlibrary services, resource development, and processing. allocation and monitoring of materials budget of $2.6 million. substantive participation in over­ all administration of the library, including budgeting, planning, and policy formation. significant participation in planning and implemen­ tation of automation activities. represents the library’s collection de­ velopment and technical services concerns and interests through participation in various forums. direct responsibility for encourage­ ment of professional developm ent for collection development per­ sonnel, including 20.5 fte librarians and 91.5 support staff. qualifi­ c a tio n s : a l a mls. ten ye a rs of in c re a s in g ly re s p o n s ib le professional (post–mls) experience in libraries, including dem on­ strated managerial and supervisory competence and actual work experience in at least two areas of collection development. knowl­ edge of and com m itm ent to cooperative collection development, in­ novative technical services, library automation, and use of national bibliographic utilities. record of productive scholarship. open: sep­ tember 1,1985. closing date: july 20. salary: minimum $40,000 (for 12 months); negotiable. benefits: competitive benefits package. no state income tax. faculty rank. for complete description of duties, qualifications, and benefits, and to apply, contact: susan lytle, head, personnel operations, evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843; (409) 845-8111. preliminary interviewing at ala. aa/eeo employer. a s s is ta n t engineering librarian. search reopened re quirements: mls (ala-accredited). minimum of 2 years of profes­ sional experience, preferably in an engineering or science/techno logy library. desired qualifications: experience or interest in automated library procedures; some com puter experience or edu­ cation desirable. interest in publications and public relations. data­ base searching experience helpful. some supervision experience needed. ability to formulate, administer, and implement user educa­ tion and public relations programs utilizing various media. experi­ ence in bibliographic instruction to large classes. shares in m anage­ ment and operational responsibilities. participates in planning and implementation of new services, procedures, and policies. shares responsibility for database searching, reference, performs liaison work with faculty, trains and supervises support staff, and shares in collection development and bibliographic instructional responsibili­ ties. faculty status and responsibilities. rank commensurate with education and experience. promotion and tenure require meeting standards of excellence in librarianship, publishing, research, and service. 12-month appointm ent with annual vacation of 22 days. group life, major medical, and disability insurance are in effect as are tiaa/cref and social security. salary: $18,000 and up de­ pending upon qualifications. application deadline: august 30,1985. send resume and list of references to: thomas l. haworth, person­ nel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue university, west lafay­ ette, in 47907. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. a s s is ta n t personnel librarian. yale university library responsible for administering the personnel program for librarians which includes recruitment, staff development, training, counseling, and other special projects. assist with select aspects of the person­ nel functions for other staff. total staff consists of 180 librarians, 357 support staff and 450 student assistant employees. requires: ala accredited mls degree or equivalent. knowledge of and dem on­ strated interest in academic or research librarianship. ability to work effectively with a diversified staff at all levels and with others in the university community. knowledge of the principles of personnel management. salary and rank: dependent on experience and quali­ fications, from a minimum of $23,100. fringe benefits include con­ trib u to ry com prehensive g ro up practice health insurance, five weeks vacation. please send resume listing the names of three refer­ ences by july 15,1985, to: maureen sullivan, head, library person­ nel, box 1603a yale station, new haven, ct 06520. an aa/eeo employer. all interested persons are encouraged to apply. as s is ta n t reference librarian. assistant reference li­ brarian for service oriented university library on thriving campus with 400 faculty members and 8,000 students. library has installed, with other university of maryland campuses, an online catalog and circu­ lation system using geac equipment. primary duties include refer­ ence work, bibliographic instruction, and special projects. some e v e n in g a nd w e e k e n d h o u rs re q u ire d . q u a lific a tio n s : a la accredited mls and demonstrated ability to work well with a variety of persons. familiarity with library autom ation, online database searching, and experience in academ ic library and/or reference de­ partment helpful. salary: $18,700. twelve-month appointm ent with 22 vacation days amd 15 holidays. other attractive benefits. avail­ able: september 16, 1985. applications received by july 26, 1985, will be given preference. send resume and names and addresses of three professional references to: b.r. wilkinson, director, albin o. kuhn library and gallery, university of maryland baltimore county, catonsville, md 21228. umbc is an affirmative action, equal o ppor­ tunity employer. catalog librarian for ibero-american monographs and seri­ als in all classifications and for all monographs and serials for the a r­ izona and arizona historical foundation collections at arizona state university. responsibilities include cataloging, classifying, and pro­ viding subject analysis and marc tagging; serving as liaison with the ibero-american subject specialist and the head of the arizona collections; participating in the governance of the catalog service. the service is comprised of 9 librarians, 29 classified staff and 8 fte student assistants. the alis iii automated system is operational for circulation; the public access catalog for nearly 500,000 full marc records will be brought up later this year; and an active retrospective conversion program is ongoing. the collection now numbers 2 mil­ lion volumes. salary: dependent on qualifications ($17,000 mini­ mum). required: ala-accredited mls; post-mls original catalog­ ing experience in a research library (preferably a large academic library); working knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, marc tagging; experience with oclc or similar utility and its prac­ tice; reading proficiency in spanish; good interpersonal and com ­ munication skills. preferred: academ ic background in spanish or ibero-american studies; reading knowledge of portuguese; experi­ ence in cataloging ibero-american materials. recruitment will re­ main open until the position is filled. to ensure consideration, appli­ cations should be received by august 15, 1985, when review will begin. please send letter of application whrch addresses each of the qualifications listed above, a current resume, and the names, ad­ dresses and telephone num bers of four recent references to: con­ stance corey, assistant university librarian, hayden library, a r­ izona state university, tempe, az 85287. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities are encouraged to apply. catalo ging librarian. reports to head, cataloging depart­ ment. responsible for original cataloging of m onographic materials in all formats and in all subjects and languages according to aacr2, lc, and oclc standards; performs authority work; upgrades and enhances bibliographic information in geac marc database. the cataloging department, comprised of 5 professional librarians and 9 support staff, catalogs over 22,000 titles a year including books, mi­ croforms, and non-print materials. required qualifications: ala372 / c&rl news accredited mls; knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and subject headings and familiarity with a bibliographic utility, preferably oclc; good communication skills; working knowledge of one or more mod­ ern european languages. previous cataloging experience in an aca­ dem ic library and knowledge of russian language preferred. tenure-track position. 24 days annual leave. tuition remission. group health insurance. tiaa/cref or state retirement plan with non-refundable contributions paid by the university. no state income tax. rank and salary dependent upon education and experience. in­ structor: $16,500-$18,500; assistant professor: $18,500-520,500. send letter of application, current resume, and the names, ad­ dresses, and telephone numbers of 3 recent references by july 31, 1985, to: jill keally, personnel librarian, the university of tennes­ see library, knoxville, tn 37996-1000. utk is an eeo, affirmative action, title ix, section 504 employer. cataloger for southeast asian materials. tempo rary (1 year grant-funded) position starting september 1,1985. origi­ nal cataloging of southeast asian monographs and serials in english and foreign languages and oclc–shared cataloging. require­ ments: mls or foreign equivalent; 2 years cataloging experience; fa­ miliarity with aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, marc formats; working knowledge of indonesian language preferred. sal­ ary: $18,000. application deadline july 31,1985. send application, resume, and three references to: lian the–mulliner, search commit­ tee chair, ohio university library, athens, oh 45701-2978. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. cataloger of rare books (3 positions). perform original and oclc copy cataloging of books and pamphlets published be­ fore 1769. catalog using aacr2, lcsh, and lc classification for oclc and lumin, the university of missouri’s online system. these are one-year project positions, with the possibility of extension. re­ quired: ala/mls, knowledge of at least one european language. desired: cataloging experience, reading knowledge of latin and/or greek, experience with oclc or other utility. project begins october 1, 1985. salary: $16,500; excellent benefits. send letter of applica­ tion, resume, and names of three references to: pat burbridge, per­ sonnel c oordinator, 104 ellis library, university of missouri columbia, columbia, mo 65201–5149. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by august 15,1985. the university of missouri-columbia is an equal opportunity, affirmative action in­ stitution. cataloger. performs original cataloging of early-printed books and cataloging with copy using rlin; catalog maintenance includ­ ing authority work. knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, and marc format essential; ability to catalog foreign language materials. previous cat­ aloging experience required. twelve-month appointment, proposed effective date october 1985. salary range $18,260-$23,000 de­ pending on qualifications, plus usual fringe benefits. send resume and names of three references by august 30,1985, to: lilly lievsay, head of cataloging, folger shakespeare library, 201 e. capitol st., s.e., washington, dc 20003. an aa/eeo employer. cataloger with ala-accredited msls. three years professional cataloging experience. knowledge of oclc, aacr-2 skills— requires excellent client and staff relationships. this is a one-year contract, position available immediately. salary $23,958 for 12 months, excellent fringe benefits. send resume to: department head, library services, community college of philadelphia, 1700 spring garden st., philadelphia, pa 19130. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. circulation and reference librarian. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accredited school is required. one year circu­ lation experience is essential as well as one year reference experi­ ence. the candidate must possess the ability to communicate and a s s is t a n t /a s s o c ia t e u n iv e r s it y l ib r a r ia n fo r p u b l ic s e r v ic e s university of southern california the incumbent is responsible for administering the public services division and reports to the deputy university librarian. the public services division includes ten branch libraries and four departments which have a combined staff of 31 professional librarians, 50 library assistants and other support staff, as well as 250 part-time stu­ dent assistants. the aul for public services, as a member of the library’s administration, is also involved in mediumand long-range planning, resource allocation and personnel selection and assignment. applicants are expected to have a graduate degree from an ala-accredited program; substantial library experience, preferably in a large research library; demonstrated managerial ability in a complex organiza­ tion; understanding of automation issues in research libraries; knowledge of personnel matters; ability to work effectively and harmoniously with colleagues at all levels of campus administration; commitment to excellence in providing library services to the university community. a second master’s degree in a related discipline is desirable. the usc library is a major research library in the process of expanding its staff and collections. it now holds 2.3 million volumes. the library is currently in a major fund raising program for improvement of collec­ tions, staffing, physical facilities and innovative automation programs. benefits include tiaa retirement plan, 22 days paid vacation per year in a twelve month contract, dental plan and tuition remission. rank and salary: negotiable depending upon background and experience. minimum starting salary: $35,000. please send letter of application and resume including three names of references by july 15,1985, to: anna covington personnel officer doheny memorial library university of southern california university park los angeles, ca 90089-0182 july /august 1985 / 373 work effectively with staff, faculty, students, and administrators as well as with the community-at-large. training in online database searching is desirable and experience and interest in bibliographic instruction is a plus. demonstrated supervisory experience is neces­ sary for success in the position. responsibilities: the responsibilities include coordinating the schedule, policies and procedures of the circulation department which includes interlibrary loan. the circula­ tion and reference librarian also assists in providing reference ser­ vices to the college com m unity. he/she coordinates the b ib lio ­ graphic instruction programs for all freshmen and shares in teaching the classes. the person also schedules, trains and supervises 15 stu­ dent workers and a permanent circulation staff of 2 full-time em ploy­ ees. terms and benefits: full-time, 12-month position, 22 days vaca­ tion. christian brothers insurance. tiaa-cref. faculty status, on tenure track. please send resume and three references to: chief li­ brarian, rosary college library, 7900 w. division street, river for­ est, il 60305. the position is available august 1,1985. salary in m id­ teens. circulation librarian/departm ent head (12 month, tenure-track). open july 1. plan, organize, and direct circulation, re­ serve, and bookstack services in a land-grant university library. su­ pervise two technicians plus student assistants. spend up to one-fifth time at the main information desk including some weekends and evenings on a rotating basis. qualifications: requirements include ala-accredited mls, demonstrated communications skills, and a minimum of two years professional academic library experience, or fulltime nonprofessional experience in a circulation department, or experience in a similar position including work with a varied public and involving supervision. desirable qualifications include second master’s, supervisory experience in a library, and demonstrated knowledge of automated circulation systems. salary dependenent on rank: instructor (minimum $18,000) or assistant professor mini­ mum $20,000). application deadline: august 31, 1985, or until suit­ able applicant is hired. send resume, and have academic creden­ tials and three recent letters of recommendation sent directly to: philip brown, chair, circulation librarian search committee, south dakota state university library, box 2115, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. curator of archives and m anuscripts. pitts theology library, emory university. the curator is responsible for accession­ ing and arranging manuscript collections and archival records; pre­ paring finding aids for archive and manuscript holdings; taking ap­ propriate measures towards preserving the materials; preparing occasional exhibits; assisting researchers in the use of the materials personally and through correspondence; and representing the li­ brary on university library committees concerning preservation and related matters. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited institu­ tion; formal training in archives administration; and an ability to exer­ cise initiative and work independently under minimal supervision are required. an advanced degree in a humanistic discipline and famil­ iarity with computer applications to manuscript/archival processing are preferred but not required. salary: from $15,500 to $17,000 plus benefits depending on qualifications and length of experience. emory university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. send letter of application and resume with names of three ref­ erences to: channing r. jeschke, librarian, pitts theology library, emory university, atlanta, ga 30322. all application materials must be received by august 20, 1985. appointm ent will be effective as soon as feasible. documents librarian/cataloger. responsibilities will be equally divided between two roles, and will include coordination of the overall operation of the gpo depository collection. as a member of the reference department, the documents librarian will partici­ pate in the general reference service with rotating evening and weekend schedule. as a member of the technical services departa s s is t a n t /a s s o c ia t e u n iv e r s it y l ib r a r ia n f o r t e c h n ic a l s e r v ic e s university of southern california the incumbent in this position is responsible for overall management of activities related to the biblio­ graphic control of library materials and access to these materials. this aul has line responsibility for the catalog, acquisitions, gifts and exchange, and bindery departments. he/she coordinates bibliographic control and access activities which occur in other units within the library system. the aul for technical services represents the library on the research library group’s bib-tech committee. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited school; five years successful administrative experi­ ence in technical services at the department head level or above, preferably at a large academic research library; strong analytic, communication and interpersonal skills. candidates with a second subject masters and demonstrated ability to provide leadership in a climate of change will be given preference. familiarity with automation of technical services is desirable. the usc library is a major research library in the process of expansion of staff and collections with a collection of 2.3 million volumes and is currently in a major fund raising program for improvement of collec­ tions, physical facilities, staff, and innovative automation programs. the library is a member of the associa­ tion of research libraries and research libraries group. the library has an automated circulation system and is in the process of implementing automated acquisitions and an online catalog. benefits include tiaa retirement plan, 22 days paid vacation per year in a twelve-month contract, dental plan and tuition remission. rank and salary: negotiable depending upon background and experience. minimum starting salary: $35,000. please send letter of application and resume including three names of references by july 1 5,1985, to: anna covington personnel officer doheny memorial library university of southern california university park los angeles, ca 90089-0182 374 / c&rl news ment, the cataloger will perform original and copy cataloging in all subjects and languages. qualifications: mls and professional expe­ rience with federal documents and cataloging. knowledge of foreign languages desirable. salary: $18,000 + , commensurate with back­ ground and experience. to apply: send resume and names of three references, by august 15,1985, to: phyllis cutler, college librarian, williams college, williamstown, ma 01267. an eo/aa employer. head, serials services and records unit of the serials division, associate librarian. manages and coordinates the activi­ ties of the serials services and records section which consists of 9 fte regular staff and 5 fte student assistants. responsible for over­ seeing the maintenance of the library’s central serials record and the rlin summary holdings statements. oversees check-in of seri­ als received at the graduate library (approx. 15,000 titles), and the operation of serials information desk. manages the graduate library current periodical and newspaper collection, consisting of 5,500 ti­ tles. directs the preparation of graduate library serials and incom­ plete separates for binding. solicits serial sample issues and selects general interest periodicals and newspapers for inclusion in the graduate library collection. responsible for long-range and short range planning for the section and for evaluation of section staff. re­ quired: accredited mls; previous experience working with serials in an academic library setting; demonstrated interpersonal and com­ munication skills; supervisory and management skills, including budgeting, planning, and evaluation of programs and services; practical knowledge of an automated libraiy system used for serials c a t a l o g l ib r a r ia n williams/watson theatre collection project dartmouth college library is seeking qualified applicants for the position of catalog librarian, wil­ liams/watson theatre collection project. the posi­ tion is a temporary 12-month position beginning december 30, 1985. the project, funded by an hea title ll–c strengthening research library re­ sources program grant, will improve bibliographic access to the library’s collections in theater and the performing arts and preserve fragile and deteriorat­ ing materials in these collections. the catalog li­ brarian reports to the project coordinator and is re­ sponsible for original cataloging of print and non-print materials from the theater and performing arts collections in all formats and participates in the training, supervision, and evaluation of support staff. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited li­ brary school; knowledge of one or more foreign lan­ guages, competency in drama or music, familiarity with aacr2, lc classification and lcsh; experi­ ence with rlin or another automated system; one or more year’s cataloging experience in an aca­ demic or research library is highly desirable. salary and rank commensurate with experience and quali­ fications with a minimum salary of $17,500. please send resume before july 31st to: john r. james director of collection development and bibliographic control 115 baker library dartmouth college hanover, nh 03755. dartmouth college is an aa, eeo, m/f employer activity, e.g., rlin, oclc, datalinx. desirable: experience in pub­ lic services in an academic library; experience in the implementation or use of an automated serials check-in system. salary range: $18,000 to $32,400 dependent on previous relevant experience. applications received by august 31,1985, will be given first consid­ eration. apply to: library personnel office, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. humanities reference librarian. d h hill library at n c state university is seeking experienced reference librarian with strong humanities background. position involves 30% duty time at reference desk; compiling bibliographies and other publications in humanities subject areas; serving as liaison with humanities depart­ ments; performing online literature searches; participating in tours of library and specific subject-oriented presentations; serving on uni­ versity and library committees. night and weekend duty required. qualifications required: mls degree, knowledge and experience in database searching, 3 years experience in college or university ref­ erence position, strong service orientation and communication skills, undergraduate degree in humanities, preferably english major or minor. second masters degree in humanities, knowledge of one or more foreign languages, and knowledge and experience with major bibliographic utility desired. salary: $21,000 minimum. academic status with standard fringe benefits. application deadline: aug. 16, 1985. position available sept. 1, 1985. send application, resume, and names of 3 references to: w. r. pollard, chm., search commit­ tee, d. h. hill library, ncsu box 7111, raleigh, nc 27695-7111. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. h u m a n it ie s l ib r a r ia n university of california berkeley manage and develop the main library’s collec­ tions in the humanities and social sciences. work closely with faculty and graduate students. select current and retrospective materials in english and american literature, linguistics, comparative litera­ ture, journalism, rhetoric, dramatic arts, religion and philosophy. initiate special services to assist stu­ dents. requires graduate degree from accredited li­ brary school and graduate work in a humanities dis­ cipline with strong background in english or ameri­ can literature. advanced degree desirable. broad interests and understanding of current develop­ ments in literary scholarship and research libraries, and knowledge about applications of modern tech­ nologies to support reference, instruction and re­ search activities highly desirable. full job description mailed on request. salary in the $25,692-536,996 per annum range depending on qualifications. position available 1 october 1985, or as soon thereafter as possible. send re­ sume, including the names and addresses of three professional references, by 16 august 1985, to: william e. wenz library personnel officer room 447 general library university of california berkeley, ca 94720 the university of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. july/august 1985 / 375 info rm atio n services librarian, library of science and medicine. available: immediately. under the direction of the library of science and medicine director, provides general and in-depth in­ form ation services in reference and governm ent docum ents to rutgers students, faculty and staff; conducts computerized literature searches in science subjects, with emphasis on biomedical data­ bases; provides library orientation and instruction to lower-level sci­ ence classes as well as coordinates the library’s bibliographic in­ struction efforts. evening and weekend work required. mls required from ala-accredited library school. advanced subject degree(s) in biological sciences, scholarly record. minimum of three years perti­ nent experience in academ ic science library preferred. $25,189 min­ imum dependent upon experience and qualifications. faculty sta­ tus, calendar year appointment, tiaa/cref, life/health insurance, 22 days vacation, tuition remission, prescription drug/dental/ey eglass reimbursement plan. submit resume and three sources for current references by july 15, 1985, to: alfrieda phillips (app 96), personnel assistant, alexander library, rutgers university, new brunswick, nj 08903. an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. l ib r a r ia n t e c h n ic a l s e r v ic e s . a s s is ta n t c a ta lo g e r (60°/o)/oclc terminal o perators’ unit supervisor (4o°/o). performs original cataloging in varied subjects including business; also some editing of oclc copy. qualifications: mls, oclc cataloging experi­ ence with aacr2, dewey 19, lc classification and lc subject head­ ings, and supervisory experience required; working knowledge of one european language required, two desirable; m icrocomputer ex­ perience desirable. salary: $ 1 6 ,00 0 + . position open october 1; closing date august i, 1985. submit resume and names of 3 refer­ ences to: gwen owens, chairperson, appointments and promo­ tions committee, marquette university libraries, 1415 w. wisconsin avenue, milwaukee, w l 53233. marquette university is an indepen­ dent jesuit institution of higher learning, and is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. library director. the university of colorado at colorado springs invites applications and nominations for position of director of library. uccs is one of four campuses of university of colorado and is a growing state supported commuter campus with enrollment of 5500 students (headcount). the director is responsible for adm in­ istration of library and media center, reports to vice chancellor for a cadem ic affairs, and is member of deans council. the library has annual budget approaching $1,000,000, collection of 350,000 vol­ umes, and staff of eight professionals and eight support staff plus stu­ d e n t e m p lo y e e s . the lib ra ry u tiliz e s o c lc , brs, d ia lo g , medline, and electronic mail for interlibrary loan. qualifications: master's degree in library science from ala-accredited program. five years of progressively more responsible administrative experi­ ence in academ ic library. candidate must have demonstrated lead­ ership ability, good communication skills, skills in planning and orga­ nization, and commitment to serving users, as well as ability with budgeting, personnel management, and library automation. desir­ able: second m aster’s or ph.d. and experience with media services. candidate must have qualifications for appointm ent to tenure track position. salary competitive, tiaa-cref and comprehensive bene­ fits program. position available october 1. send letter of application detailing what you can bring to position, resume, and names and telephone numbers of three references by august 9 ,1985, to: chris­ tina martinez, acting director, library, university of colorado at col­ orado springs, p.0. box 7150, colorado springs, co 80933-7150. popular american music archivist, music library, uni­ versity of california, los angeles. the archive of popular american music houses more than 500,000 individual song sheets, thousands of recordings, popular song folios and commercial band arrange­ ments. this collection relates to other collections in the music li­ brary, the theater arts library, the ucla film archive, and the ucla library’s special collections department. under the general supervision of the music librarian, the popular american music ar­ chivist supervises processing of all materials; manages reference services; supervises 2.0 fte; and participates in the development of automated processes for processing and cataloging. the archivist will direct the acquisition program and administer the budget of the archive. the archivist may be involved in development of grant ap­ plications. candidates should have knowledge of and expertise in handling archival and m anuscript materials in music, including knowledge of music reference materials and research methods in music. strong commitment to public service within constraints re­ quired to protect the collection. prefer background of research in music in an academ ic environment and familiarity and experience w ith c o m p u te r-b a s e d a rc h iv a l p ra c tic e s . s alary ra n g e is $25,692-$43,464. anyone wishing to be considered for this position should write to: rita a. scherrei, director, administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los angeles, ca 90024. the application letter should include a complete statement of qualifications, a full resume of education and relevant experience, and the names of at least three persons who are knowledgeable about the applicant’s qualifi­ cations for the position. candidates replying by july 31,1985, will be given first consideration. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarians at ucla are represented by an exclu­ sive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers (aft). reference/bibliographer librarian. university of min nesota bio-medical library. the university of minnesota bio-medical l ib ra ry is s e e k in g a p p lic a n ts fo r an e n try level r e feren ce b ib liographer position. m ajor responsibilities include: 1. b iblio­ graphic database searching: analyzes requests and formulates searches for online computer retrieval using brs, nlm, and other systems. 2. general reference: participates in all reference and inl ib r a r y d ir e c t o r golden gate university responsible for the management of the univer­ sity’s general library, including policy-making, staffing, budgeting, collection development, and supervision of its audio-visual and computerized li­ brary services. located on the university’s main campus in san francisco’s financial district, the general library has a volume-count of approxi­ mately 150,000, utilizes a number of computer sys­ tems, and is operated by a full-time staff of fourteen including five professional librarians. the library supports the u n ive rsity’s on-cam pus and off campus educational programs and services in the subject areas of business, public administration, humanities and social and behavioral sciences. the director reports to the president of the university. mls or equivalent degree from ala-accredited school required; prefer candidate with graduate degree in relevant subject field; substantial knowl­ edge of computerized information systems; mini­ mum of five years experience at a managerial level in an academic or public library (preferably in its business division) or in a corporate library; and demonstrated ability to work well with students, fac­ ulty, library staff, administrative personnel, and cor­ porate and public agency managers and execu­ tives. salary: $38,000-$46,000, depending on qualifi­ cations and experience. send a letter of application and current resume to: gayla lorthridge director, personnel services golden gate university 536 mission street san francisco, ca 94105 the deadline for receiving applications is july 2 2 ,1 9 8 5 aa/eoe 376 / c&r l news formation services provided by the reference department, including reference desk services and bibliographic instruction. other respon­ sibilities will include collection development and faculty liaison in a specified subject area. applicants must possess (1) a masters de­ gree from an ala-accredited library school; (2) course work and/or experience in database searching on brs, nlm, or the dialog sys­ tem; and (3) substantial course work in the health or life sciences or professional experience in a health sciences library. other desirable qualifications include mla certification; good communication skills; and experience with microcomputers. this is a 12-month academic/ professional position atthe assistant libarian rank. applicants will be expected to meet criteria for continuous appointment. starting salary from $20,000. benefits include 22 vacation days; medical, dental and life insurance; and retirement plans. the university of minnesota bio-medical library serves the schools of medicine, dentistry, nurs­ ing, public health, pharmacy, mortuary science, certain biological sciences, and the university hospitals. the library has over 350,000 bound volumes and 4,005 active journal subscriptions. the refer­ ence staff consists of six reference librarians and a secretary. refer­ ence staff report to the head of public services. send letters of appli­ ca tion , resum e and nam es and a dd re sse s of at least three references to: barbara doyle, personnel officer, university li­ braries, 499 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. application must be received by august 1, 1985. the p h y s ic a l s c ie n c e s r e f e r e n c e l ib r a r ia n dartmouth college dartmouth college library is reopening the search for a reference librarian for the kresge phys­ ical sciences library, one of eight libraries in the dartmouth college library system. the individual we are seeking will be capable of working as part of a team providing information services in a techno­ logically sophisticated library environment utilizing the dartmouth online catalog, rlin, oclc, online database vendors such as darc/questel, brs, and dialog; as well as microcomputers. respon­ sibilities include the provision of reference services including bibliographic instruction and online searching, consultation with faculty to determine in­ structional and research interests, and collection development of the reference collection. qualifica­ tions: ala/mls; educational background, gradu­ ate degree preferred, in one of the physical sci­ ences, chemistry preferred, and a minimum of 2 years of post mls experience in an academic or special library are required. experience in online database searching and library applications of mi­ crocomputers is highly desirable. salary and rank commensurate with experience and qualifications with a minimum of $17,500 for a librarian i and a minimum of $20,000 for a librarian ii. dartmouth college is an aa/eeo/m/f employer and minority candidates are encouraged to apply. please send resume to: phyllis e. jaynes director of user services 115 baker library dartmouth college hanover, nh 03755 before july 31, 1985. university of minnesota is an equal opportunity employer and specif­ ically invites and encourages applications from women and minori­ ties. reference/collection development librarian, bio­ logical sciences and psychology. the incumbent will have primary responsibility for collection management and refer­ ence services in the fields of biological sciences and psychology and will be based primarily in the biology and psychology libraries. the biology library, opened in 1981, contains approximately 41,000 volumes in the field of biological sciences with emphasis on molecu­ lar and cellular biology, neurobiology, and biochemistry. the library receives approximately 300 serial subscriptions and has a 1984/85 collection budget of approximately $118,000. the psychology li­ brary serves readers from a wide variety of disciplines, including health sciences, education and the social services. it contains 28,000 volumes on animal physiology, cognition, learning, memory, perception, psycholinguistics and vision, and receives approxi­ mately 300 serial subscriptions. the collection budget for psychol­ ogy is approximately $50,000. in the biology and psychology li­ braries, the incumbent is responsible for the provision of reference services such as library orientation programs, instruction in library utilization, design of publications, and online database services, as well as for training student and support staff in basic reference ser­ vice. collection management responsibilities include formulating, justifying and monitoring budgets, selecting and deselecting mate­ rial, and identifying changes in the research and instructional pro­ grams as they relate to the libraries’ collections. the incumbent will participate in making and evaluating collection development policies and planning reference service for the entire science division. in ad­ dition to an accredited mls or the demonstrated equivalent in train­ ing and experience in bibliographic theory, organization, and prac­ tice, requirements are: previous relevant reference and database experience and training, the ability to communicate and work effec­ tively with faculty and students, a knowledge of scientific communi­ cation, and an innovative approach to collection development and the promotion of computer-based operations and services. prefer­ ence will be given to applicants with a subject background in biology and psychology, experience in collection development, or previous experience in science or technical libraries. excellent benefits, in­ cluding free tuition and assistance with university housing. salary ranges (w hich will in cre ase 7 /1 /8 5) are: l ib ra ria n i: $19,000-$24,700; librarian ii: $21,000-$27,300. submit resume, listing 3 references and salary requirements to: box 35, butler li­ brary, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is august 31, 1985. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian/bibliographer. search reopened. duties include 20 hpw general desk duty; book selection; supervi­ sion of the microforms dept.; computer searching in the humanities and social sciences. required: mls from ala-accredited school, strong liberal arts background, positive service orientation, ability to learn dialog search system. desirable: academic reference expe­ rience, master's degree in foreign language or art, dialog training, and supervisory experience. minimum salary: $16,000 for 12 months. 12 days annual vacation, liberal holidays. state pays 5.85% of employee’s 7.05% social security, excellent insurance and retire­ ment benefits. available immediately. letter of application and re­ sume to: margaret joseph, assistant director for public services, university of texas at san antonio library, san antonio, texas 78285. interviews at july ala conference placement ctr. utsa is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian/education subject special­ ist. university of oregon library, reference department. assistant professor or higher, depending upon qualifications. responsibilities: provides general reference service in the humanities and social sci­ ences and specialized reference service to students and faculty in the college of education. teaches individuals and groups the use of the catalogs and reference sources. performs online searching of bibliographic databases. gives tours and lectures to classes. has subject responsibility for collection development for education and related fields. serves on library and university committees. qualifi­ cations: mls and degree in education required. three years profes­ sional experience preferred. demonstrated commitment to public service and strong oral and written communication skills essential. salary: $18,000 plus benefits for 12-months contract. to apply, send letter of application, resume and names of 4 references by august 31,1985, to: thomas a. stave, personnel librarian, university of orjuly/august 1985 / 377 egon library, eugene, or 97403. the uo is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librar ia n. engineering library. duties and re­ sponsibilities: under the supervision of the senior reference librar­ ian, perform s general reference service for patrons of the engineer­ ing library. specific duties are: provide reference service at the desk, including use of online services; handle patron microfiche and interlibrary loan requests; assist with collection developm ent for the reference collection; handle interlibrary loan requests sent to the en­ gineering library, including verification of reference and material processing; prepare library handouts for patrons; prepare monthly acquisitions list; perform online searches for patrons; assist with pro­ viding orientation and instruction to patrons; assist the engineering librarian with technical service projects as assigned. qualifications: mls degree from an accredited library school; academ ic back­ ground in physical sciences, engineering or com puter science pre­ ferred. closing date: applications requested by july 15,1985. avail­ able date: august 1, 1985. salary: $17,000 plus, depending on qualifications and experience. send cover letter, resume and a list of three references to: carolyn a. pyhtila, personnel director, 235 olin library, cornell university, ithaca, ny 14853-5301. cornell univer­ sity is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference lib r a r ia n . requirements: mls (ala-accredited). minimum of 2 years of professional academ ic reference experience in the social sciences. desired qualifications: reference experience including com puter-based information services. a dvanced degree in the social sciences; reading know ledge of one western european language. demonstrated ability to work effectively with research oriented faculty, library staff and other members of the academ ic com m unity in an intellectually challenging environment. responsi­ bilities: provides reference service and database searching to under­ graduates, graduate students, and faculty members, with emphasis on the social sciences. liaison w ork with faculty; participation in col­ lection developm ent. faculty status and responsibilities. rank com ­ mensurate with education and experience. promotion and tenure re­ quire meeting standards of excellence in librarianship, publishing, research, and service. 12-month appointm ent with annual vacation of 22 days. g roup life, major medical, and disability insurance are in effect as are tiaa/cref and social security. salary: $18,000 and up depending upon qualifications. application deadline: august 30, 1985. send resume and list of references to: thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue university, west lafayette, in 47907. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. research in s t it u t e lib r a r ia n . the desert research insti­ tute (dri) and the university of nevada, reno (unr) library seek a librarian to plan and provide library and information services for the institute. dri h eadquarters is in reno, with additional locations in southern nevada. the major areas of interest are atmospheric, bio­ logical, social sciences, energy and environmental engineering, and water resources. ala -accredited mls or equivalent educational preparation and experience are required. formal education in sci­ ence or engineering, or experience in a science or engineering li­ brary is desirable. a ppropriate professional experience in reference, collection developm ent, cataloging, and com puter skills is desirable. demonstrated supervisory and m anagem ent skills also required. minimum salary $24,000; higher salary is negotiable, dependent on qualifications and experience. the position is located in reno. open septem ber 1, 1985. send resume and names, addresses, and phone num bers of 3 references on or before o ctober 1, to: twyla harrison, desert research institute, p.o. box 60220, reno, nv 89506; (702) 673-7317. the search will continue until a suitable can­ didate is found. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. r e tr o spec tive co nversio n c o o r d in a to r , case west ern reserve university. (search reopened.) this librarian position, funded by special grant, is responsible for planning, coordinating, im plem enting and supervising the retrospective conversion project in university libraries, law, social sciences and health sciences li­ braries in preparation for a geac online catalog. the conversion ef­ fort will include records for m onographs and serials as well as other materials. responsible for hiring, training and supervising project staff, maintaining quality control standards, and coordinating the conversion effort with related library activities. qualifications include accredited mls, experience in cataloging and retrospective conver­ sion using a major bibliographic utility and supervisory experience. desired: experience with serials as well as m onographs. rank and salary: librarian iii: $22,000 m inim um for 2 years with likelihood of one-year extension. send resume and names of 3 current references to: l.h. gerson, human resources department, case western re­ serve university, 10900 euclid ave., cleveland, oh 44106 by a u­ gust 15, 1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action em ployer. science lib rar ia n. responsible for the evaluation, planning, developm ent, and delivery of information services to the science de­ partments of w ittenberg university. duties include teaching of li­ brary use and research m ethodologies, reference and research con­ sultation, online searches, co lle ction developm ent, and faculty liaison. work with the librarians and the science faculty to develop and maintain com prehensive collection developm ent, bi, css, and sdi program s for the science departm ents. delivers general and specialized information services from thom as library as a full-time m em ber of the lib ra ry’s information service team. qualifications: ala -accredited mls; degree in one of the sciences. faculty posi­ tion, 12-month appointm ent. faculty rank and salary com m ensurate with qualifications. tiaa-cref. send letter of a p p lica tio n, tra n ­ scripts, vita, and names and addresses of three references to: imre meszaros, director of the library, w ittenberg university, p.0. box 720, springfield, oh 45501. deadline for applications is august 19, 1985. an eeo, affirmative action employer. science reference librar ia n. a new position. as a m em ­ ber of the reference departm ent has special responsibility for devel­ oping traditional and online reference services to the science dep a rt­ ments, as well as p articipa tin g in general reference services, bibliographic instruction and collection developm ent. will assist in the planning of a new com bined science library building incorporat­ ing the latest technologies. m aster’s degree in library science (ala accredited). formal training or extensive experience in a science re­ lated field essential. knowledge of com puters and autom ated library system s desirable. m ount h olyoke c ollege is part of the five college-oclc/ls2000 project for developing an integrated, multi­ library, automated system. hiring range $ 18 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 3 ,500 d ep e n d ­ ing on experience and qualifications. position available immediately. applications, resumes and names of three references by a ugust 30, 1985, to: anne c. edmonds, college librarian, m ount holyoke col­ lege, south hadley, ma 01075. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. science reference lib rar ia n. provides reference service in a centralized reference departm ent; perform s online literature searches; coordinates program s with faculty in academ ic depart­ ments; provides bibliographic instruction and collection develop­ ment primarily in the physical sciences. required: ala-accredited mls; formal training and/or experience with online literature search­ ing; academ ic training or relevant experience in the physical sci­ ences or mathematics; dem onstrated verbal and written com m uni­ cation skills. salary: minimum $17,040; negotiable, depending on qualifications and experience. twelve month tenure-track appoint­ ment; faculty rank. tiaa/cref. vacation of 22 working days. kan­ sas state university, with an enrollm ent of over 18,000, is located in the scenic flint hills of northeastern kansas. ksu libraries contains almost 1,000,000 cataloged volumes and has a materials budget in excess of $1,700,000. deadline for application: septem ber 10, 1985. send letter of application, resume, names, addresses and phone num bers of three current references to: ann scott, assistant director for adm inistrative services, kansas state university li­ braries, manhattan, ks 66506. position available o ctober 18, 1985. kansas state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. science reference lib r a r ia n . search reopened bucknell university is recruiting for a science reference librarian to partici­ pate in a broad program of general reference service including desk coverage (with regular evening and weekend hours), bibliographic instruction, database searching, and collection developm ent. ability to work in a dynam ic changing environment, strong organizational skills, and excellent written and oral com m unication ability neces­ sary; a la -accredited mls; dem onstrated familiarity with a scien ce/engineering field or experience in providing science/engineering reference service. salary com m ensurate with qualifications and ex­ perience. position open: august 1, 1985. send resume, with names and telephone num bers of three references to: ann de klerk, univer­ sity librarian, bucknell university, lewisburg, pa 17837, before july 31, 1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials ca ta lo g er (2 p o s it io n s ), available january 1, 378 / c&rl news 1986, for 12 months, with possibility of continuation for an additional two years. catalog serial titles in the wilcox collection of c ontem po­ rary political movements, a large and unique collection of u.s. ex­ tremist political literature, com prised of approxim ately 4,000 serial ti­ tles, 5,000 books and pam phlets, 50,000 pieces of epherem a, audiotapes, and manuscripts. the wilcox collection represents the views and ideological positions of approxim ately 7,000 left and right wing organizations in the u.s., including the john birch society, the american nazi party, the christian anti-communist crusade, the so­ cialist workers party, the communist party usa, and the socialist labor party. during the grant project, the project team of 2.75 cata­ lo g e d , 1 research assistant, and 3 graduate students will catalog 1,800 serial titles in accordance with aacr2, assign lc subject headings, and input records into the oclc database. the funding for this project has been provided by the departm ent of education title ll–c program. requires ala-accredited mls; recent training or experience with aacr2; ability to work successfully within a time limited project. prefer experience in serials cataloging; familiarity with oclc or similar bibliographic utility; experience with lc subject headings; research library experience relevant to duties described above; background in the literature of american political move­ ments. salary $18,000/year. excellent benefits. to apply, submit let­ ter of application, resume, transcripts, and names of three refer­ e nces to: s an d ra k. g illila n d , u n ive rsity of k ansas l ib rarie s, lawrence, ks 66045-2800. applications must be postmarked no later than august 30, 1985. minorities are encouraged to apply. an aa/eeo employer. system s librarian (a n a ly st/p r o g r a m m er ), systems office, associate librarian. under the general direction of the head of the systems office, this position is expected to serve a leadership role in the planning, implementation, operation and maintenance of com puter systems within the university library. specific duties in­ clude: designing and conducting analytic studies in support of man­ ual and automated systems; software development; planning and implementation of data com m unication in support of an ils; devel­ oping functional specifications; conducting needs assessments; de­ veloping user documentation; developing and delivering training for july/august 1985 / 379 automated systems; providing advice and guidance on the use of automated tools; developing software in a variety of languages in­ cluding, but not limited to: pl/1, sas, and condor; supervising other analysts, and other duties as assigned. required: accredited mls; demonstrated proficiency in designing, implementing, and op­ erating automated systems, in organizational systems analysis, and in workflow analysis; demonstrated success in software develop­ ment; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; knowledge of marc record structure. desirable: knowledge of and experience in data communications; familiarity with rlin; knowledge of pl/1, condor, statistical packages; familiarity with hierarchical and rela­ tional database management systems. salary range: $18,000 to $32,400, dependent on previous relevant experience. applications received by august 31,1985, will be given first consideration. apply to: library personnel office, 404 hatcher graduate library, univer­ sity of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. technical reports librarian. selects and acquires techni­ cal report literature with emphasis on oceanography, transportation, and water. provides comprehensive reference assistance and as­ sists with computerized reference services and bibliographic instruc­ tion for technical reports and government documents collections. supervises and trains one half-time cataloger and two support staff. reports to head, documents division. qualifications: ala/mls. minimum of one year professional (post-mls) experience, prefera­ bly in acquisitions, serials, or cataloging. familiarity with government documents and technical reports highly desirable. prefer familiarity with oclc. open: september 1,1985. closing date: july 20. salary: minimum $17,000 (for 10.5 months); negotiable. benefits: competi­ tive benefits package. no state income tax. faculty rank. complete description of duties, qualifications, and benefits available. to apply, submit resume and names and telephone numbers of three profes­ sional references to: susan lytle, head, personnel operations, evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843; (409) 845-8111. preliminary interviewing at ala. aa/eeo employer. university librarian overseas. american university of beirut, lebanon, requires administrative head for the university li­ brary system consisting of 425,400 volumes, 3,721 current periodi­ cals, currently a professional staff of 11 and a student body of 5,000. a la-accredited mls required; additional masters or doctorate strongly preferred; minimum 7 years of professional experience in academic research library including minimum 5 years in progres­ sively responsible administrative positions; a working knowledge of library technology and a well-demonstrated leadership and adminis­ trative ability, an awareness of current trends in higher education, a proven ability to work effectively with a research oriented faculty. a background knowledge of the middle east is deemed essential. po­ sition available immediately. salary range: $25,000-$30,000. can­ didates should send c.v. to: vice president of the university, ameri­ can university of beirut, beirut, lebanon. aub is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. user education librarian. a full-time faculty position report­ ing to the assistant director for public services. incumbent will be responsible for planning, designing, implementing, and coordinat­ ing a library user education program for a tertiary care academic medical center. responsibilities include, but are not limited to, curric­ ulum design, publicity and marketing of programs, preparations of handouts, user needs assessments, orientation tours, program anal­ ysis, identification and recruitment of instructors and teaching. re­ quired: mls from an ala-accredited library program; recent experi­ ence searching online databases peculiar to the health sciences and excellent oral and written communications skills. a minimum of two years recent experience in a health sciences library user education program is preferred; also, experience in curriculum design, staff de­ velopment and program coordination with emphasis on library skills development. position available: august 1, 1985. a pplications should be received by september 15, 1985. minimum salary: $22,000. send letter of application, resume, and the names and ad­ dresses of four references to: nancy j. smith, assistant director for public services, the claude moore health sciences library, box 234, university of virginia medical center, charlottesville, va 22908. eeo/aa. late job listings academic librarian. beginning level, 12-month tenure-track faculty position. duties include evening library supervision, collection development, bibliographic instruction, dialog computer usage. qualifications: ala-accredited master’s, knowledge of library operations, supervisory experience. additional desirable qualifications: second master’s and/or previous library experience. beginning salary from $17,000, depending on experience and qualifications. send letter of application, resume including all library-related positions held, graduate and undergraduate transcripts, names, addresses and telephone numbers of all immediate library supervisors and three additional references by july 31,1985 to: gaynelle r. pratt, personnel officer, keene state college, keene, nh 03431. aa/eeo acquisitions/serials librarian. mls or equivalent from ala-accredited library school. 1 year post masters degree experience in serials and/or monographs acquisition. responsible for acquisition of all serials, monographs, and government documents for an academic law library approaching 250,000 volumes. supervises fund accounting for all book expenditures. library is currently requesting proposals for automation of all library record keeping. reports to technical services librarian. supervises 2.5 fte. occasional evening/weekend reference responsibilities. minimum salary: $17,500. application deadline: open until position filled. contact: robert j. nissenbaum, law library director, cleveland state university, 1983 e. 24th street, cleveland, oh 44115. equal opportunity employer, m/f/h. associate director, pacific southwest regional medical library service, biomedical library. under the general direction of the biomedical librarian, serves as operating head with broad management responsibilities for the rmlp 380 / c&rl news for arizona, california, hawaii, and nevada. responsible for planning, coordinating, and supervising rml programs: resource sharing and coordination; information services including nlm online training classes and ce for regional searchers; public relations and publicity. also coordinates regional document delivery network and cooperative regional projects such as union list development. responsible for preparing rml contracts, budgets, statistical and narrative reports, and evaluations of rml services. maintains liaison with nlm, resource library directors, mla chapters, and health sciences librarians and health professionals throughout region. participates in long range planning for biomedical library’s total program with the director and heads of public and technical services. qualifications: mls from an accredited program. evidence of strong management skills including: competence in planning, setting objectives and priorities; oral and written communication; mobilizing people for group action and organizing for effective action. regional, extension, or outreach experience in a health sciences library desirable. salary range: $25,692-$43,464 based on qualifications and years of experience. excellent fringe benefits. personal interview required. prefer application by august 1, 1985 with complete statement of qualifications, resume, and names of three references to: rita a. scherrei, director of administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los angeles, ca, 90024. for more information call (213) 825-1201. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarians are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers. catalog librarian, central technical services. available: immediately. provides original cataloging of monographic materials in english and foreign languages, including classical languages for humanities, social sciences or science/technology via rlin. revises cataloging done by other catalogers, provides technical assistance to library and student assistants. mls required from ala-accredited library school. a minimum of three years cataloging experience in an academic library. working knowledge of german, latin and/or greek is required. supervisory experience necessary. $24,192 minimum, dependent upon experience and qualifications. faculty status, calendar year appointment, tiaa/cref, life/health insurance, 22 days vacation, tuition remission, prescription drug/dental/eyeglass reimbursement plan. submit resume and three sources for current references by july 31, 1985, to: alfrieda phillips (app 97), personnel assistant, alexander library, rutgers university, new brunswick, nj 08903. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian for original cataloging and classification, with emphasis on music and audio-visuals. must have experience with aacrii, marc coding and music cataloging. at present, this is a non–tenured position. must have mls from ala-accredited library school and skill in at least one foreign language. salary, minimum $17,718 annum. send letter of application and resume to: joan tracy, assistant librarian for technical services, eastern washington university, cheney, wa 99004, by july 31, 1985. an equal opportunity employer. cataloger, biomedical library. under the general supervision of the head of the catalog-bindery division, catalogs and classifies monographs, theses, audiovisuals and other nonbook materials in the health and life sciences fields in english and various foreign languages. assists with teaching and training of library assistants who do copycatalog. may be responsible for planning and supervising special projects. qualifications include familiarity with aacr2, and the marc format. familiarity with nlm classification, medical subject headings, oclc cataloging system; reading knowledge of one or more july/august 1985 / 381 modern european languages; and strong academic background or cataloging experience in health or life sciences is desirable. salary $21,024-$36,996. prefer application by august 1, 1985 with complete statement of qualifications, resume, and names of three references to: rita a. scherrei, director of administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los angeles, ca, 90024. for more information call (213) 825-1201. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarians are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers. cataloger, health sciences. responsible for original cataloging of materials in all formats (monographs, serials, av, and machine-readable data files). duties include complex bibliographic searching, bibliographic description, subject analysis using mesh, assignment of lc classification and authority work. assists in assigning, training, and revising work of library assistants. also responsible for coordinating recon activities and participation in planning automated systems and data-bases. technical services operations are automated: cataloging and acquisitions through rlin and serials control through faxon’s linx system. an online public access catalog and automated circulation system are now being implemented. services are changing as integrated academic information management system (iaims) planning and development take place, offering challenging opportunities and experience with the implementation of new information techniques. in addition to an ala-accredited mls, requirements are knowledge of cataloging principles and techniques including aacr2, lc classification, mesh, automated cataloging systems utilizing marc formats (preferably rlin); aptitude for analytical work; ability to work effectively with professional and support staff; working knowledge of one or more western european languages and of bibliographic and other reference tools. preference will be given to candidates with background in the life sciences or with previous relevant experience. excellent benefits, including tuition exemption and assistance with university housing. salary ranges: librarian i: $ 19,500-$25,350; librarian ii: $21,500-$29,025. submit resume, listing salary requirements and 3 references, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is october 15, 1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. dynamic head librarian required to respond to and create new board initiatives for a venerable st. louis subscription library contemplating extensive changes in scope and mission; 200,000 plus volumes, 35,000 rare books, archives, western american and other special collections. position requires library degree and at least five years of library administrative experience. experience should include work in collection development, technical services (including familiarity with oclc and rlin), some knowledge of online systems, budget and finances. advanced degree in american history desirable. oral and written communication skills, some development experience, proposal writing and public relations sense important. available september 1, 1985. salary commensurate with experience. send resume and three references to: search committee, st. louis mercantile library association, p.0. box 633, st. louis, mo 63188. head librarian, rio grande campus, austin community college. acc learning resource services seeks a superior librarian and library manager to supervise the rio grande campus learning resource center and coordinate reference/bibliographic instruction college-wide. will supervise 6.5 fte (2.5 professionals), a book collection of 30,000+, an lrc of 8,000 square feet, and a bibliographic instruction program serving over 4,000 students per year. will serve on lrs management team with other unit heads. requirements: mls 382 / c&rl news from ala-accredited school; 5 years progressively responsible library experience including supervision; excellent communication and human skills; evidence of commitment to profession through advanced study, publication, or association involvement. second master’s preferred. university or college librarians who have affinity for the community college mission are encouraged to apply. acc enrolls over 19,000 credit students and is growing. major automation and building program expected during next 4 years. in addition, austin is one of the most livable and exciting cities in the united states. salary: minimum $26,866, depending on placement on faculty scale, plus administrative stipend (12 month). excellent benefits. closing date: august 2, 1985. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: personnel office, austin community college, p.0. box 2285, austin, tx 78768. aa/eoe. head, serials cataloging section. (search extended.) university of minnesota libraries— twin cities, central technical services department, serials management division. the university of minnesota libraries— twin cities seeks applicants for the position of head of serials cataloging section, which is a unit within the serials management division of the central technical service department. the section includes 3 professional, 2 paraprofessional, and 1 clerical positions. responsibilities: under the direction of the head of the serials management division, manages, organizes, and coordinates serials cataloging unit. supervises, trains, and evaluates staff, monitors workflow; develops operations procedures; and acts as a liaison between the serials management division and other library units concerning serials cataloging. performs original cataloging and classification of serials; revises serials cataloging by staff as needed; and resolves bibliographic problems. qualifications: requirements include ala-accredited mls, demonstrated managerial ability and communication skills, at least 3 years of professional experience that include substantive serials cataloging, thorough knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, and lc subject headings, and experience in online cataloging systems as well as supervisory experience. desirable qualifications include experience in a large academic research library, reading knowledge of one or more european languages, and automated serials cataloging/management. appointment: the appointment is in the academic professional series at the assistant librarian rank. beginning annual salary is at a minimum of $24,000, depending on qualifications. position available immediately. application deadline (postmark) september 15, 1985. applicants should send a letter of application with detailed resume and names of three references to: barbara doyle, personnel and staff development officer, university libraries, 499 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. information services coordinator, pacific southwest regional medical library services, biomedical library. under the general direction of the associate director provides online training and information services in region 7. one of two instructors for nlm’s initial online training classes in the western region. teaches nlm’s “basics of searching medline" course to health professionals in the western region. coordinates online demonstrations and writes articles about the medlars system or online searching. responsible for editing the psrmls newsletter, publishing the psrmls directory, and updating manuals, fact sheets, and brochures. coordinates psrmls exhibits at health professional meetings. qualifications: mls from an accredited program. evidence of strong teaching skills and extensive experience in searching nlm’s medlars system. public relations, writing, and publications experience desirable. salary range: $21,024-$36,996 based on qualifications and years of experience. excellent fringe benefits. personal interview required. july/august 1985 / 383 prefer application by july 15, 1985, with complete statement of qualifications, resume, and names of three references to: rita a. scherrei, director of administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los angeles, ca, 90024. for more information call (213) 825-1201. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarians are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers. library director. dropsie college. starting date: september, 1985. salary: negotiable. responsibilities: overall responsibility for maintaining a 100,000-plus volume library. supervision of a library staff of seven. collection development in dialogue with the faculty. budget management, acquisitions control. overall supervision of catalog conversion from freidus to library of congress, plus periodic reporting to funding sources on projects’ progress. qualifications: mls from an ala–accredited school, strong knowledge of judaica. hebrew is a must. previous administrative experience preferred. send letter of application and supporting materials (resume, salary requirements) to: david goldenberg, president, dropsie college, 250 highland ave., merion, pa 19066. music cataloger (search reopened). southern illinois university at carbondale, morris library. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; graduate degree in music; foreign language capability in french, german, italian; supervisory potential; knowledge of aacr2. preferred qualifications: graduate music degree in music history, literature and/or theory; familiarity with oclc; music cataloging experience. faculty rank, full-time, 12-month tenure track appointment. university retirement system of illinois, state paid life, medical and surgical insurance, 25 vacation days and 11 holidays per contract year. salary of $17,600 and up based upon education and experience. position available august 1, 1985. application deadline: july 25, 1985, or until filled. send application and names of 3 references to: susan s. poteet, chairperson, music cataloger search committee, cataloging department, morris library, southern illinois university at carbondale, carbondale, il 62901; (618) 453-4339. the university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. public service librarian. wayne state university libraries seek a public service librarian to coordinate database searching in the science and engineering library. this responsibility entails promotion of the activity to the academic community, scheduling and training of librarians in conducting searches, and maintaining the necessary records for system operation. other duties include reference service (weekends on a rotational basis), library instruction, collection development and faculty liaison. a tenure-track position based on the standards of evaluation and quality of performance in (a) professional assignments, (b) creative and scholarly work and (c) contributions to the profession. candidates are urged to review available documentation. qualifications: ala-accredited mls with a minimum of 2 years experience in a scientific/technical library, preferably an academic library. science background is desirable but not required. the candidate must have experience in searching one or more of the standard databases: brs, dialog, or cas online. effective communications and interpersonal skills required. evidence of scholarly, creative or professional contributions desired. position reports to the head of the science and engineering library. liberal fringe benefits, tenure-track academic rank, dental and health plan options. tiaa/cref, tuition breaks to family members. minimum salary of $19,000; rank competitive and negotiable, based on experience and qualifications. send applications and/or nominations to: james f. williams ii, associate director of libraries, 134 purdy library, wayne state university, detroit, mi 48202; 384 / c&rl news telephone (313) 577-4021. position open immediately and will remain open until filled. applications received by july 15, 1985, will be given first consideration. wayne state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian/social science subject specialist. university of oregon library, reference department. assistant professor or higher, depending upon qualifications. responsibilities: provides general reference service in the humanities and social sciences and specialized reference service to students and faculty in the social sciences. teaches individuals and groups the use of the catalogs and reference sources. performs online searching of bibliographic databases. gives tours and lectures to classes. has subject responsibility for collection development in the social sciences. serves on library and university committees. qualifications: an mls and a degree in the social sciences required. demonstrated commitment to public service and strong oral and written communication skills essential. position available: september 1, 1985. salary: $18,000 minimum. to apply, send letter of application, resume, and names of 4 references by august 31, 1985, to: thomas a. stave, personnel librarian, university of oregon library, eugene, or 97403. the uo is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. social sciences librarian, university of california, irvine. appointment at assistant or associate librarian rank within salary range $21,024-$30,156. benefits in uc equal to approximately 40% of salary. appointment at associate rank will require appropriate degree in one of the social sciences, substantial previous experience in collection development, and well developed reference skills. responsibilities: reports to head of collection development for bibliographic functions related to development and management of library collections, with special responsibility for materials in the social sciences. reports to head of reference for reference functions that include general and subject/specialized reference service ranging from factual information to indepth research. participates in bibliographic instruction, online database searching, and general assignments in the reference department. qualifications: required: mls degree; degree in one of the social sciences or commensurate experience. demonstrated commitment to public service and to the profession, excellent oral and written communications skills. high level of motivation and accomplishment. ability to work effectively, both independently and cooperatively with others. desirable: graduate degree in one of the social sciences. experience in collection development, bibliographic instruction, and online database searching. to apply: send letter, resume and names and addresses of three references to: michael j. maclnnes, aul for personnel services, university of california, irvine, library, p.0. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. deadline: 30 september, but applications will be accepted until position is filled. applicants should indicate whether they will be available for a preliminary interview at the summer ala conference. uci is an affirmative action employer. special collections librarian, librarian ii. search extended. university of southern california, university library. the usc library, a major research library in process of expansion of staff and collections, has a collection of 2.3 million volumes and is currently in a major fund raising program for improvement of collections, physical facilities and innovative automation programs. the library is a member of the association of research libraries, and the research libraries group. the library has an automated circulation system and is in the process of implementing automated acquisitions and an online catalog. position located in special collections department. duties include implementing acquisitions and solicitation policies of books and manuscripts for american literature and special collections; maintains acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 354 / october 1983 the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $4.00 per line for acrl members, $5.00 for others. late job notices are $10.00 per line for members, $12.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the last day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 31 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep't, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. for sale college and research libraries, 1940– 1982 226 is­ sues. also c&rl news, 1970-1982. make offer to: david k. max­ field, 2217 manchester rd., ann arbor, m i 48104. elsevier antiquarian department. periodicals and rare books on lifeand earth sciences. over 1 million volumes on stock. catalogues available on demand. please write to: lippijn straat 4, 1055 kj amsterdam, the netherlands. positions open architecture librarian. arl library, responsible for organi­ zation and administration of collections and services in the architec­ ture library. school of architecture within the college of engineering has faculty of 15 and 380 students in a 5-year bachelor’s program. supervises one library assistant and several student assistants. graduate degree from ala-accredited program required with at least a bachelor’s degree in architecture, art, or related field. at least one year professional experience in an architecture-related library. supervisory experience desirable. minimum salary $18,000. send resume to: peggy weissert, library personnel officer, university li­ braries, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556. arts/humanities bibliographer and reference li­ brarian (search re-opened). provides vital collection develop­ ment liaison with departments in the arts and humanities. position demands bibliographic skills, ability to communicate effectively with faculty and students, and includes line responsibility for service at the centralized reference desk on a limited schedule, including some nights, weekends, and holidays. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited program. second graduate degree in an appropri­ ate academic subject area strongly preferred. minimum one year ex­ perience in reference services area of a medium to large academic library; collection development experience strongly preferred. knowledge of one or more modern european languages desirable. salary: $19,000, negotiable, depending upon qualifications and ex­ perience. letter of application, resume, and the names of three refer­ ences must be received at the university of southwestern louisiana by october 31,1983, or until position is filled, and should be directed to: d. l. saporito, director of libraries, university libraries, 302 e. st. mary blvd., lafayette, la 70504. u.s.l. is an equal employment opportunity, affirmative action employer. october 1983 / 355 a s s is t a n t g ener al/n u r sin g lib r ar ia n . entry level posi tion requiring masters from an ala-accredited library school with coursew ork in m edical librarianship. duties involve working in small college environm ent plus cross-town duties in developing on-site li­ brary and av services for nursing school students and faculty at re­ gional hospital. public service and cataloging skills essential. know l­ e dge of oclc and dialog (i.e., medline) required. av background useful. non-voting faculty status and rank. 12-month contract. salary com m ensurate with qualifications, $14,00 0 -$ 16 ,0 00 . reports to li­ brary director. position will remain open until filled. send letter of ap­ plication, resume, credentials file with at least three current letters of reference, to: aldo panerio, vice-president for academ ic affairs, hu­ ron college, huron, sd 57350. aa/eoe. a s s is t a n t librarian for public services to supervise and coordinate all public service units, develop budgets and related services, assist in collection developm ent, serve on reference desk and foster faculty liaison. must have mls from ala-accredited li­ brary school; at least five years of pertinent experience in an aca­ dem ic library with increasing levels of responsibility, including expe­ rience with com puter-assisted reference service; tw o years of college level training in a foreign language; and evidence of good com m unication skills, both written and verbal. second masters de­ gree or ph.d desirable; some college level training in one or more sciences, or business adm inistration also desirable. salary will be based on training and experience, but minimum of $27 ,258/annual. send letter of application, resume and three letters of reference, to: charles h. baumann, university librarian, eastern washington uni­ versity, cheney, wa 99004, by n ovem ber 1 . 1983. ewu is an affirm­ ative action, equal opportunity em ployer and subject to all provisions of executive order 11246. a s s is t a n t reference lib ra r ia n -in te r n (9 month, non tenure track appointm ent, renewable up to 4 years). available janu­ ary 1 ‚ 1984. performs general reference service and shares respon­ s ib ility fo r b ib lio g ra p h ic in s tru c tio n a nd o n lin e b ib lio g ra p h ic searching. assists in ill verification and reference collection devel­ opment. ala/m ls required (earned by dec. 31 . 1983). preference given to recent library school graduates with training and/or experi­ ence in online searching and/or an academ ic background in the nat­ ural sciences. minimum salary $12,500, with standard benefits. a p ­ plication deadline is n ovem ber 10,1983, or until suitable applicant is hired. send resume, academ ic credentials, and three current letters of recom m endation, to: clark hallman, reference librarian, south dakota state university library, box 2115, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. a ss o c ia te dean for public services. policy and pro gram m anagem ent in five m ajor service com ponents of the adelphi university libraries; reference and research support, circulation, fine and perform ing arts, social work, and science. nine professional and 22 supporting staff m em bers are in these units. additional areas of reference specialization include business and banking, educa­ tion, nursing, and governm ent docum ents. the associate dean is responsible for program developm ent, m arketing, and service deliv­ ery, service evaluation, and collection developm ent in reference, and for service coordination and oversight in circulation, course re­ serves, and interlibrary loan. this is a non-faculty, non-tenure track position. salary: $25,000 minimum. a d e lp h i’s collections num ber 500.000 volumes in addition to substantial holdings in m icroform s and non-print media. the online catalog is in service, with retrospec­ tive conversion scheduled for com pletion next june. circulation, re­ serve processing, non-print materials booking, and acquisitions are all com puterized and in production. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; seven years of increasingly responsi­ ble reference experience in a mid-size or large academ ic library, in­ cluding experience with program s of bibliographic instruction, data­ base searching, public information, and publication; appropriate m anagerial experience and dem onstrated skill in motivating, devel­ oping, and working harm oniously with library faculty and staff. send letter of application and resume, to: jerom e yavarkovsky, dean of libraries, adelphi university, g arden city, ny 11530. an equal o p ­ portunity, affirmative action employer. a s s o c ia t e d ir e c to r of lib r a r ie s for te c h n ic a l pr o cessing . administrative responsibility for all technical ser­ vices in a major texas academ ic library of over one million volumes, including the coordination of the acquisition and processing of over 85.000 new materials annually. participation as m em ber of library adm inistrative council in overall library planning, budgeting, grant solicitation, and policy form ulation and implem entation. planning for incorporation of latest technology into acquisition, bibliographic con­ trol, and processing of library materials. presently oclc member. supervision of acquisitions, cataloging, and processing, with fifteen librarians and 25 + support staff. requires ala m aster’s degree and a m inimum of five years experience in a large academ ic library with successful record of increasing adm inistrative responsibility. additional degree preferred. demonstrated ability to com m unicate effectively with various levels of university staff, and a know ledge of autom ated systems. minimum salary: $30,000 (12 mo.) excellent benefits, with tiaa/cref option. application deadline: n ovem ber 15, 1983. available immediately; starting date negotiable. send let­ ter, resume, names of 3-5 references to: virginia andrews, chair search committee, texas tech university, library, lubbock, tx 79409-0002. texas tech university is a m ulti-disciplinary university with 23,000 students in lubbock, a com m unity of 180,000. eoe/aa. c a ta lo g libr ar ia n . performs original cataloging and classifi­ cation of print and non-print materials. also responsible for some cat­ alog m aintenance and for assisting paraprofessionals with difficult copy cataloging. may advise and evaluate a paraprofessional who is in charge of a m ajor clerical function within the departm ent. mls from an ala-accredited library school. an additional graduate de­ gree is desired and is required for tenure. must be familiar with aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, and oclc. cata­ loging experience and knowledge of western european languages a nd c o m p u te r a p p lic a tio n s is d e s ira b le . a p p o in tm e n t range, $ 17 ,00 0 -$ 20 ,0 00 for 12 months, depending on qualifications. ten­ ure eligible. tiaa/cref, blue cross/blue shield. starting data asap after january 1 ‚ 1984. finalists will be invited for expense paid inter­ view. wichita state university is an urban institution with an enroll­ m ent of 17,000. librarians at wichita state enjoy faculty rank, privi­ leges, and responsibilities. send letter of application and resume by novem ber 15, to: a.t. birrell, head, c ataloging department, li­ brary, box 68, wichita state university, wichita, ks 67208. wichita state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. c a ta lo g librarian. the university of arizona library is seek­ ing a professional librarian responsible for the original cataloging of m onographs and serials in chinese, japanese and other far east­ ern languages. other responsibilities include the original oclc cata­ loging of western language materials on far eastern languages and cultures; serving on a catalog information desk; active participation in establishing policies and procedures for the catalog department; participation in planning for an online catalog; training and supervis­ ing student assistants with chinese and japanese language skills who do copy cataloging. the university of arizona is a large aca­ dem ic library with a materials budget of more than $3 million. re­ quirem ents: a l a -a ccre d ite d degree; w orking expe rie nce with aacr2, lc classification and lcsh; experience with oclc or a similar utility; undergraduate degree in chinese or japanese and working know ledge in the other language. professional librarians at the university of arizona are voting m em bers of the faculty, earn 22 days paid vacation each year, 12 days of sick leave, and have a stan­ dard package of holidays and other benefits. the salary range is $ 16 ,50 0 -$ 22 ,0 00 . deadline for application is n ovem ber 30, 1983. send letter of application, resume, and the names of three refer­ ences to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. the university is an eeo/aa employer. c a ta lo g e r s. search extended. two positions for experienced catalogers under head of the catalog department. 1) cataloger/re trospective conversion coordinator. coordinates and supervises current oclc retrospective conversion activities, including reclassi­ fication and online authority conversion. original cataloging of m on­ ographs in english and other western european languages. re­ quires minimum of three years’ post-mls cataloging experience, including application and use of oclc cataloging system. supervi­ sory ability in an environm ent requiring an effective com bination of productivity and quality control. minimum $19,000. 2) cataloger. original cataloging of m onographs using oclc and lc. assists with authority control and catalog maintenance. requires minimum of two years’ post-mls cataloging experience using an automated cat­ aloging system. science background preferred. minimum $15,000. both positions require know ledge of aacr, aacr2, lcsh and lc classification, accredited mls, working know ledge of one foreign language, and a willingness to w ork evenings and weekends. fac­ ulty status, blue cross/blue shield, south carolina state retirement. send resume with statement of salary history, and addresses and telephone num bers of three professional references to elizabeth lange, assistant director for technical services, thomas c ooper li­ brary, university of south carolina, columbia, sc 29208, by o cto­ ber 31 ‚ 1983. an aa/eeo employer. c o o r d in a to r , in fo r m a tio n services. d epauw university is seeking an experienced and innovative public services librarian to w ork with faculty and students to expand reference and information services in its main and branch libraries. responsibilities include m anagem ent of the reference departm ent (3 fte’s, 2 professional) and the continued developm ent of reference/inform ation services, online searching, interlibrary loan, bibliographic instruction, and col­ lection developm ent. the position will also coordinate the library’s departm ental liaison/information specialist program , in which each professional on the library staff works with several academ ic depart­ ments to assist with collection developm ent and provide library sup­ port for individual classes. required: an ala-accredited mls; sub­ stantial professional experience (5 + years) in public/inform ation services; proven reference and supervisory capability; leadership ability with strong interpersonal and com m unication skills; dem on­ strated com petence in assessing needs and designing and im ple­ m enting services; and online searching experience. desirable quali­ fic a tio n s in c lu d e a s c ie n c e a c a d e m ic b a c k g ro u n d or stro n g experience with scientific information sources and collection devel­ opm ent experience. the position is available january 2, 1984, and 356 / october 1983 offers faculty rank and status, $22,000, and excellent fringe benefits. send a letter of application, a resume, and the names of three to five references to: jana bradley, director of libraries, p.o. box 137, de pauw university, greencastle, in 46135. deadline for applications: n ovem ber 1, 1983. an affirmative action, equal opportunity em ­ ployer. d irector of lib r ar ies, cleveland state university. position available for director of libraries at state-supported, urban university of seven colleges, which offers undergraduate and graduate degree p ro g ra m s to a p p ro xim a te ly 20,0 00 students. q u alificatio ns re­ quired: mls degree from an ala-accredited program ; 10 years of library experience, with evidence of increasing administrative re­ sponsibility; know ledge of current developm ents in library capabili­ ties, including automation and resource sharing; strong leadership and m anagem ent skills, with ability to establish and maintain effec­ tive public and professional relationships. desirable: doctorate in li­ brary science or advanced degree in another academ ic field; ad­ m inistrative e xpe rie nce in m edium or large a ca d e m ic library. r e sp o n sib ilitie s: d ire c tin g a te a c h in g a nd re se a rch lib ra ry of 500,000 volumes, with 23 professional librarians and over 35 sup­ port staff. salary: com m ensurate with qualifications and experience. a minimum salary of $45,000 is anticipated. renewable annual con­ tract, starting july 1, 1984. application procedure: send nom ina­ tions or resumes along with names, addresses and telephone num ­ bers of three (3) persons familiar with cand id ate ’s qualifications to: g eorgia e. lesh-laurie, chairperson of library director search committee, cleveland state university, 1983 e. 24th street, cleve­ land, oh 44115. telephone: (216) 687-3595. equal o pportunity employer, m/f/h. d ir ec to r of lib rar y, stetson university, deland, florida. mls and five years of successful library service required. preference given to persons with doctorates and experience in administration. c om pensation com petitive with similar institutions and is dependent on qualifications and experience. starting date august 1, 1984. send letters of application and resumes by n ovem ber 1, 1983, to provost denton r. coker, c am pus box 8358, stetson university, deland, fl 32720. g o v e r n m e n t d o c u m e n t s l ib r a r ia n . the g overnm e nt d ocum ents librarian is responsible for adm inistering the g overn­ m ent d ocum ents collection and the maps and m icroform s c ollec­ tion. in addition to supervising support staff, this position is responsi­ ble fo r c o lle c tio n d e v e lo p m e n t, fa c u lty liaison , b ib lio g ra p h ic instruction, and general reference service. minimum qualification: mls from an ala-accredited school and a b achelor’s degree of subject emphasis in the sciences or social sciences. a working know ledge and experience of 3 5 years in a large academ ic or p ub ­ lic library docum ents departm ent. some experience in dealing with autom ated library systems. know ledge of one m odern european language or latin. g ood rapport with the public, and good com m un­ ication skills. desirable qualification: a second masters degree in a related field. m ore than 5 years experience w orking with federal d ocum ents and texas state documents. a reading know ledge of spanish, and som e e xpe rie nce with the oclc system. salary: $ 2 2 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 5 ,9 4 4 depending upon qualifications and experience. available: february 1 ‚ 1984. a pplicants should send a resume, offi­ cial transcripts of all degrees, and the names and addresses of three references before novem ber 18, 1983, to: dean covington, chair, g overnm ent docum ents librarian search committee, north texas state u nive rsity libraries, box 5188, n. t. station, denton, tx 76203. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, seria ls c a ta lo g ing c o o r d in a to r , university of m innesota libraries-twin cities, central technical services d epart­ ment, catalog division. this m iddle m anagem ent position is one of 17 professional positions in the catalog division and reports to the division head. responsibilities: manages, organizes and co ordi­ nates serials c ataloging unit. supervises, trains, and evaluates staff; m onitors workflow; develops operations procedures; and acts as a liaison between the catalog division and other library units co nce rn ­ ing serials cataloging. original cataloging and classification of serials and analytics; revising serials cataloging w ork by staff; and resolving com plex bibliographic problems. qualifications: requirem ents in­ clude ala-accredited mls, dem onstrated m anagerial ability and com m unication skills, at least 3 years professional experience that includes substantive serials cataloging, thorough know ledge of aacr2, ddc and/or lc classification, and lc subject headings, and experience in online cataloging systems as well as supervisory experience. desirable qualifications include experience in a large academ ic research library, reading know ledge of european lan­ guages, and autom ated serials cataloging/m anagem ent. a p po int­ ment: the position is in the academ ic professional series at the assis­ tant librarian rank. a ppointm ent salary is based on experience at a minimum of $24,000. application deadline (postmark) is novem ber 4, 1983. applicants should send a letter of application with detailed resume and names of three references to: robert l. wright, person­ nel and staff developm ent officer, university libraries, 499 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. the uni­ versity of m innesota is an equal opportunity educator and em ployer and specifically invites and encourages applications from wom en and minorities. head libr a r ia n . salary from $27,500 for fiscal year. masters plus w ork on doctorate. 3 years library experience plus 3 years su­ pervisory/adm inistrative experience required. send vita and 3 refer­ ences by nov. 4, to: sherrill watts, south g eorgia college, douglas, ga 31533. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of c a ta lo g in g , health sciences library, c olum bia uni­ versity. the health sciences library serves the schools of m edicine, dentistry, nursing, and public health; the presbyterian hospital; and other affiliated health care and research p ro g ra m s in the colum bia-presbyterian m edical center. the library has a staff of over 40, a collection a pproaching 400,000 volumes, approxim ately 3,100 current journal subscriptions, a large m edia center, a separate special collections section, and annual acquisitions expenditures of approxim ately $500,000. technical services operations are auto­ mated: acquisitions and cataloging through rlin, and serials con­ trol th ro u g h philso m . this position, re p o rtin g to the assistant health sciences librarian for access and technical services, m an­ ages all cataloging activities in the health sciences library. respon­ sibilities include planning and implem entation of cataloging and other bibliographic control policies and procedures; supervision of one professional and 3 support staff; coordination of bibliographic control policies with the university libraries; participation in planning overall health sciences library services and operations. duties in­ clude perform ing some original cataloging and resolving difficult cat­ aloging problems. the cataloging unit processes co py cataloging and provides original cataloging for books (including rare books), serials and audiovisuals. in addition to an accredited mls, require­ ments are: m inimum of 4 years of cataloging experience in an aca­ dem ic or research library; thorough com m and of current cataloging principles and practices; experience with an online technical service system; evidence of initiative, problem -solving ability and good oral and written com m unication skills. preference will be given to ca nd i­ dates with experience in cataloging bio-m edical materials, know l­ edge of lc classification and mesh, and a w orking know ledge of at least 2 m odern foreign languages. salary ranges are: librarian ii: $ 2 1 ,5 00 -$ 2 7,9 50 ; librarian iii: $ 2 4 ,5 0 0 -$ 35 ,5 25 . excellent fringe benefits include free tuition and assistance with university housing. subm it resume, listing 3 references and salary requirem ents, to: box 35, butler library, c olum bia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is n ovem ber 18, 1983. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of reference. to be filled between january 1 and july 1 ‚ 1984. responsible for m anaging and providing leadership for a ref­ erence departm ent consisting of 9 professionals plus support staff. areas of responsibilities inclu de reference services, co m p u te r searching, library instruction, faculty liaison, interlibrary loan and governm ent docum ents. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited li­ brary school. an additional graduate degree is desired and required for tenure. must have four years of reference experience, be service oriented and com m itted to m anaging, developing, and prom oting services. ability to w ork and com m unicate effectively with students, fa cu lty and librarians. salary and benefits: a p p o in tm e n t range, $22 ,0 0 0 -$ 2 7 ,0 0 0 , depending on qualifications. tenure-track ap­ pointment. tiaa-cref, blue cross-blue shield. send letter of appli­ cation and resume by n ovem ber 15,1983, to: jam es c. eller, asso­ ciate dean for library services, w ichita state university, box 68, wichita, ks 67208. finalists will be invited for an expense paid inter­ view. wichita state is an affirmative action, equal opportunity em ­ ployer. refer e n c e/b u s in ess l ib r a r ia n . the auraria library, lo­ cated in dow ntow n denver and serving the university of c olorado at denver, m etropolitan state c ollege and the denver auraria c om m u­ nity college, seeks a reference/business librarian to coordinate an active and progressive library business program . the position will su pp ort the cam pus business curriculum through collection devel­ opm ent, specialized reference work, com puter assisted research and specialized library instruction. general reference work, teaching in a library instruction program , participation in staff developm ent ac­ tivities and com m ittee assignm ents will be expected. some evening and weekend w ork required. qualifications: ala-accredited mas­ ters degree is required. a cadem ic b ackground or experience in the business field is strongly preferred. reference, online bibliographic searching, familiarity with governm ent docum ents, teaching experi­ ence and strong com m unication skills are desired. salary: $14,500 m inimum, negotiable depending on background and experience. faculty status, 12-month contract, tuition benefits, 22 vacation days and tiaa/cref. deadline for receipt of all application materials is o ctober 21, 1983. send letter of application, vita, and names and telephone num bers of three references, to: david alexander, search com m ittee chair, auraria library, lawrence at 11 th st., denver, co 80204. aa/eeo employer. refer e n c e/c o lle c tio n d ev elo pm en t lib r a r ia n , en gineering library. the incum bent will have prim ary responsibility for collection m anagem ent and reference services in the engineering library, which has a collection of 174,000 volumes; 950,000 techni­ cal reports; and 1300 current serials. the engineering library sup­ october 1983 / 357 ports the research and instructional program s of the 8 departm ents of the school of engineering and applied sciences; applied physics a nd n ucle ar e n gineering; c hem ical e ngineering and a p p lie d chemistry; civil engineering and engineering mechanics; c om ­ puter science; electrical engineering; industrial engineering and o p eratio n s research; m echanical e n gin ee rin g; and the h enry krum b school of mines. the library also serves related departm ents in the college and the g raduate school of arts and sciences. the incum bent works with the science and engineering division’s 3 other reference and collection developm ent librarians to provide ref­ erence and instructional services and to m anage and develop the collections in the physical sciences, natural sciences and engineer­ ing. the division’s collections total 500,000 volumes, with 5,000 pe­ riodical subscriptions received annually. in the engineering library, the incum bent is responsible for the provision of reference services such as library orientation program s, instruction in library utilization, design of publications, and online data base services, as well as for training student and support staff in basic reference service. c ollec­ tion m anagem ent responsibilities include form ulating, justifying and m onitoring budgets, selecting and deselecting material, and identi­ fying changes in the research and instructional program s as they re­ late to the libraries’ collections. the incum bent will participate in m aking and evaluating collection developm ent policies and plan­ ning reference service for the entire science division, and will be su­ pervised directly by the head, reference and collection d evelop­ ment, science and engineering division. in addition to an accredited mls, requirem ents are; previous relevant reference and data base experience and training, the ability to com m unicate and w ork effec­ tively with faculty and students, a know ledge of scientific com m uni­ cation, and an innovative approach to collection developm ent and the prom otion of com puter-based operations and services. prefer­ ence will be given to applicants with a subject b ackground in engi­ neering or com puter science, experience in collection developm ent, or previous experience in engineering or technical libraries. salary ra n g e s a re ; l ib ra ria n i: $ 1 8 ,0 0 0 $ 2 3 ,4 0 0 ; l ib ra ria n ii; $ 2 0 ,0 0 0 -$ 26 ,0 00 . excellent benefits include free tuition and assist­ ance with university housing. subm it resume, including 3 references and salary requirements, to: box 35, butler library, c olum bia uni­ versity, 535 west 1 14th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is n ovem ber 11, 1983. an equal opportunity, affirm a­ tive action employer. r efer e n c e l ib r a r ia n /in f o r m a t io n s p e c ia l is t . de pauw university is seeking an innovative public services librarian to participate in the developm ent of expanded information services. responsibilities will include providing both traditional and outreach reference and information services, online searching, and user in­ struction. the position also serves as an information specialist to sev­ eral academ ic departm ents, assisting with collection developm ent and providing library support for individual classes. required: an a la-accredited mls, reference experience in an academ ic library, experience with online searching, and strong interpersonal and com m unication skills. a second masters degree or a strong subject speciality is highly desirable. the position is available january 2, 1984, and offers faculty rank and status, $16,000, and excellent fringe benefits. send a letter of application, a resume, and the names o fth re e to fiv e references to: jana bradley, director of libraries, p.o. box 137, depauw university, greencastle, in 46135. deadline for applications: n ovem ber 1 ‚ 1983. an affirmative action, equal o p p o r­ tunity employer. reference lib r ar ia n , science and te c h n o lo g y . pro vides com prehensive reference assistance in the reference depart­ ment, with emphasis on the sciences and engineering; assists with bibliographic instruction and com puterized literature searching for students and faculty, prepares bibliographies and guides to the liter­ ature. serves as one of six reference division resource librarians in the sciences. is responsible for reference collection developm ent in areas of subject expertise. assists in providing service in the auto­ m ated information retrieval service; interviews patrons and deter­ mines search strategy; operates terminal in order to provide desired in fo rm a tio n to th e p a tro n . q u a lific a tio n s : g ra d u a te o f a l a accredited library school; academ ic b ackground in the physical sci­ ences or engineering; ability to w ork effectively with faculty, staff, and students; should possess flexibility, initiative, and organizational abil­ ities; need effective com m unication skills and a good public service attitude. two years of post-mls professional experience preferred, however entry-level applicants will be considered. open: o ctober 1 ‚ 1983. salary: $15,000 minimum for 10.5 months, negotiable. bene­ fits include up to $70/m onth paid on health, life and disability insur­ ance package; 88% of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement plans including tiaa-cref, tax deferred annu­ ity program available; no state or local incom e taxes; faculty rank; 14 state holidays. to apply contact susan s. lytle, head, personnel o p­ erations, university library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843. an aa/eeo employer. reference lib r a r ia n , tem porary appointm ent (to o ctober 31 ‚ 1984). provides various reference services, bibliographic instruction and some supervisory functions for the duration of a major research grant. the incum bent will organize the technical manuals for use of su pp ort and student staff in the departm ent, and co nd uct a review of physical space utilization within the reference and periodicals rooms. d epartm ent consists of eight professionals and two support staff. mls from an accredited library school required, including some coursew ork involving either automation of library procedures or managem ent. interest in innovative public service delivery. g ood com m unication skills and ability to w ork effectively with colleagues and library users. experience in bibliographic instruction strongly preferred. library or other automation experience useful. starting salary: $16,000 + ‚ depending on qualifications. send letter of a ppli­ cation and resume, including list of references, and have library school credentials, in clu d in g transcripts, fo rw a rd e d to: lance query, personnel librarian, northwestern university library, evan­ ston, il 60201. applications received by o ctober 21 ‚ 1983, will be considered. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. ser ia ls c a ta lo g e r (annual, non-tenure track appointm ent, re­ newable up to 3 years). available january 1 ‚ 1984. responsible for cataloging of serials/periodicals in all subject areas; limited w ork with m onographs and retrospective conversion project. possible assign­ m ent up to 10 hours per m onth at main information desk. ala/m ls required. w orking know ledge of dewey and lc classifications and aacr2 desired. preference given to candidates with two or more years serials cataloging experience using oclc. minimum salary $ 1 5 ,2 0 0 .12-month appointm ent with standard benefits. application deadline is n ovem ber 10, 1983, or until suitable applicant is hired. send resume, academ ic credentials, and three current letters of rec­ om m endation, to: iqbal junaid, catalog librarian, south dakota state u niversity library, box 2115, b rookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. spec ia l c o llec tio n s tec h n ic a l services c o o r d in a ­ to r . university of georgia libraries. (salary m inimum $18,000). the special collections division com prises rare books and m anu­ scripts, g eorgia collection, richard b. řussell memorial library, and records m anagem ent/university archives. the division ser­ vices the libraries’ collections of prim ary research materials includ­ ing general rare books, confederate imprints, georgiana, historical and literary manuscripts, twentieth century political collections, and university archives. duties: supervise the rare books cataloger and one support staff m em ber; coordinate the w ork of other staff m em ­ bers in processing materials and m aintaining catalogs and finding aids for the rare books and m anuscripts and g eorgia collections; participate in providing reference service for the collections, includ­ in g s o m e w e e k e n d a n d e v e n in g d u ty . q u a lific a tio n s : a l a accredited mls; advanced subject degree preferred; experience with processing, cataloging, and indexing rare books, ephem era, manuscripts, and archives; experience with various policies and pro­ cedures of special collections librarianship, preferably in a large re­ search library; know ledge of automated cataloging and indexing techniques; know ledge of basic research and reference techniques; effective com m unication skills; ability to establish and maintain effec­ tive w orking relationships with co-workers and patrons; knowledge of basic conservation techniques. application procedure: send letter of application by n ovem ber 15,1 98 3 , including resume and names of three references, to: bonnie clemens, assistant director for a d ­ ministrative services, university of g eorgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. t e c h n ic a l s e r v ic e s c o o r d in a t o r . the u n ive rsity of w isconsin-la crosse is seeking applications from experienced li­ brarians for the position of technical services coordinator, to begin january 9 ,1 9 8 4 . primary responsibilities include planning and coor­ dinating existing and new automation activities (acquisitions, circula­ tion, and online catalog); supervision and coordination of acquisi­ tions; coordination of cataloging, serials and m icroform services; planning and implem entation of new services and assisting on an oc­ casional basis at public services desk. the professional librarians are organized as a departm ent of the faculty. applicants must be pre­ pared to participate in collegial governance affairs of the library de­ partm ent. ala-accredited libary degree and a minimum of five years experience in an academ ic library required. knowledge, skills, and experience in library acquisitions and cataloging as well as applica­ tions of com puter technology and supervision necessary. additional graduate w ork desirable. salary from $25,000 depending on qualifi­ cations and experience, for academ ic year tenure track faculty posi­ tion. deadline for submission of applications, n ovem ber 11 ‚ 1983. send resume, names of three professional references and cred en ­ tials to: edwin hill, d epartm ent chairperson, m urphy library, uni­ versity of wisconsin-la crosse, la crosse, wl 54601. uw-la crosse is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. 358 / october 1983 late job listings biomedical collection development librarian, dartmouth college library. dartmouth college library is seeking qualified candidates for the newly created position of collection development librarian for the dana biomedical library which serves the dartmouth college medical school, the dartmouth hitchcock medical center, and the dartmouth college department of biomedical sciences. under the direction of the biomedical librarian, is responsible for collection development and maintenance of the collections in the life sciences and the medical sciences, and coordinates technical services activities in dana biomedical library with the centralized technical services of the dartmouth college library system. supervises the work of the serials assistant, participates in the provision of reference service. qualifications: ala/mls, 2 years experience in a health sciences library, academic background in the biological sciences, familiarity with the medical sciences literature, knowledge of computer-based systems (oclc, rlin, nlm). salary and rank commensurate with background and experience, $15,500 minimum. send resume and names of 3 references by november 30, 1983, to: phyllis e. jaynes, director of user services, 115 baker st., dartmouth college library, hanover, nh 03755. dartmouth college is an aa/eeo/m/f employer. bibliographer, humanities. yale university library. responsible for the development and management of the library's collections in german languages and literature, including netherlands and scandinavian, classical languages and literature, and other humanities disciplines. requires graduate degree in german languages and literature; additional graduate work or degree desirable in other assigned subject areas. mls degree or equivalent work and educational experience. fluency in german and a working knowlege of latin required. greek and hebrew desirable. broad knowledge of the humanities. salary from $20,000. send resume listing three references by november 15, to: diane turner, yale university library, box 1603 a, yale station, new haven, ct 06520. an aa/eeo employer. art, archaeology, and music librarian. position available: february 1, 1984. requirements: requires minimum of an ala-accredited masters degree in library science. undergraduate major or minor degree in art history, archaeology, or musicology required. a second masters is preferred. also required are three years' reference experience in an academic library or in a reference position working with art or music library materials and working knowledge of french, german, or italian. experience in collection development, computer searching and library instruction preferred. must have ability to supervise other staff. excellent communication skills and strong service orientation are essential. duties and responsibilities: responsible for administration of the art, archaeology and music library, a subject divisional library located within the main library. supervises the services of the recorded sound collection and library services for the disabled. staff includes three support staff and student assistants. aam library materials include valuable art books, musical scores, recordings and audio equipment. plans, implements, and evaluates services of the aam library in coordination with departmental programs. responsible for collection development in art, art history, archaeology, anthropology and music. provides reference services to library users, participates in the library instruction program, conducts data base searching in the disciplines of selection responsibility, and serves as library representative to these departments. benefits: excellent benefits package including health, dental, life and disability insurance; tax-deferred annuity program available; educational assistance program. library information: the university of missouri-columbia library, an arl library, serves a student body of 24,000 and a faculty of 2,600 with a collection of october 1983 / 359 over two million volumes and over 2.4 million microforms. an online catalog, to serve the four campuses of the university, is being developed. general information: founded in 1839 as the first state university west of the mississippi, the university of missouri now has four campuses. the columbia campus has 19 schools and colleges, and is located midway between kansas city and st. louis. application deadline: december 1, 1983. minimum salary: $16,000+ depending on qualifications. send letter of application, names of three references and resume to pat burbridge, personnel coordinator, 104 ellis library, university of missouri-columbia, columbia, mo 65201. an equal employment institution. catalog librarian. required: mls from ala-accredited school and experience with oclc, aacr2 and lc classification. responsible for all processing and cataloging of print and non-print materials in a department which includes 3 full time clerical staff plus student staff. one evening a week and occasional weekend duty. salary $14,500-$15,500‚ commensurate with training and experience. faculty status, 12 month contract, liberal benefits. available immediately. send letter of application, resume, transcripts, and three recent letters of reference postmarked by november 15, 1983, to: elmer e. rodgers, head librarian, missouri southern state college library, newman & duquesne roads, joplin, mo 64801. aa-eoe. biomedical librarian. ucla invites applications for head of the biomedical library. this library serves the schools of medicine, dentistry, public health, nursing, and related institutes, the life sciences division and the university hospital and clinics. it is headquarters for the pacific southwest regional medical library service. the collection includes 400,000 volumes and 6,900 serial titles. the head will administer the library and psmrls, including a full time staff of 50. qualifications include demonstrated competence in administering a complex organization; capability of working with academic, library and government groups and individuals; understanding of concepts and trends in health services; knowledge of biomedical library services. an mls from an accredited school is desirable. this position reports to ucla's university librarian and has the rank of associate university librarian. salary $39,700 to $59,600. send letter of application, resume and names of at least three references by december 31, 1983, to: rita a. scherrei, director, administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, los angeles, ca 90024. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and encourages all qualified persons to apply. ucla libraries are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers. this position is exempt from the bargaining unit. executive director_of pais. responsible for the management of all pais activities: planning; policy recommendations; communications with board, staff and members: personnel, financial and product management; purchasing; marketing and membership services. qualifications: mls degree in library or information science; management experience with emphasis on personnel and marketing management; experience in periodicals publishing; communication skills; experience with computerized publishing techniques for indexes; experience with online information retrieval systems. public affairs information service (pais) is a nonprofit educational corporation, publishing the pais bulletin and pais foreign language index, which are also available for online searching through various vendors. salary commensurate with experience. excellent fringe benefits. resume to: wilhelm bartenbach, executive director, public affairs information service, 11 west 40 street, new york, ny 10018. deadline: october 25, 1983. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 360 / october 1983 public services librarian. responsible for direction of reference, search services and loan services sections (16 fte). coordinates active library user education program. qualifications: mls and five years of successful experience in one or more areas of academic library public service including two years of supervision. experience with a variety of computer bibliographic search systems essential. salary up to $27,600 to start, depending on experience. send resume and three references, to: sherrilynne fuller, associate director, norris medical library, usc health sciences campus, 2025 zonal avenue, los angeles, ca 90033. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are specifically encouraged to apply. assistant head, original cataloging (search extended). applicant responsible for training and supervision of non-professional staff, for original cataloging of book and non-book materials according to aacr2, library of congress classification and subject headings, and oclc systems requirements, and for maintenance of public catalogs. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. second masters degree desirable, preferably in sciences. cataloging experience in an academic library and sound reading knowledge of one or more european languages are strongly preferred. non-tenure tack appointment with faculty rank, status and benefits. approximate starting salary $18,000. letter of application, resume, and 3 letters of recommendation will be accepted through november 15, 1983, or until position is filled, and should be directed to: donald l. saporito, director of libraries, university libraries, university of southwestern louisiana, 302 e. st. mary blvd., lafayette, la 70504. usl is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian for special formats, central technical services. available: november 1, 1983. provide original cataloging of cartographic materials, films, sound and video recordings, other non-print materials and possibly machine readable data files. revise copy and preliminary cataloging and provide technical assistance to paraprofessionals and nonparaprofessionals. handle complex cataloging problems and coordinate cataloging activities with other sections in central technical services. mls required. minimum three years in an academic/research library, two of which were in original cataloging. supervisory experience preferred. knowledge of marc formats. aacrl/2, oclc/rlin required. knowledge of german/french preferred. $18,144 minimum based upon 1982/83 academic salary schedule. appointment dependent upon qualifications. faculty status, calendar year appointment, tiaa/cref, life/health insurance, 22 days vacation. submit resumes and three sources for current references by november 1, 1983, to: shirley w. bolles (app. 71), alexander library, rutgers university, new brunswick, nj 08903. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. manuscript curator for active university manuscript collection. duties include arrangement and description of collections, preparation of finding aids, and day-by-day supervision of research room and student workers. minimum qualifications: ma in american history; professional archival training and/or substantial experience in manuscript work; ability to deal effectively with the public. preferred: demonstrated competence in north carolina and/or southern history and government; publication or editorial experience; master's degree from ala-accredited library school. available immediately. salary: $16,000 minimum, 12-month appointment; faculty rank and fringe benefits. send letter of application with resume, and names of three references, to: elizabeth smith, faculty personnel committee, joyner library, east carolina university, greenville, nc 27834. applications must be postmarked on or before november 26, 1983. east carolina university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. october 1983 / 361 agriculture librarian. a permanent position available immediately. the agriculture librarian is responsible for the administration of the agriculture library and for the direction of its staff. the librarian utilizes a materials budget of approximately $60,000 to develop research quality collections in the fields of agricultural economics, agricultural engineering, animal science, plant pathology, forestry, horticulture, dairy science, and agronomy, and assures that reference, cataloging and online services are provided to meet the library needs of the faculty, students, and allied personnel in the areas served. the librarian continues a strong working relationship with the faculty and administration of the college of agriculture and engages in instructional and promotional activities for the library. required: a masters degree in library science from an accredited ala library school or its equivalent. a minimum of 5 years of successful professional experience of increasing responsibility in an academic, research or special library, including experience in public services and significant supervisory and administrtive experience. must be familiar with the literature and with the needs of researchers in agricultural and/or biological sciences. also must be familiar with automated information systems and services. applicant must have a record of publication and professional involvement consistent with appointment with tenure. preferred: experience with collection development, reference, cataloging, and bibliographic instruction. experience in an agricultural and/or biological sciences library. librarians have faculty rank. rank for this position is associate professor or professor depending upon qualifications. librarians must meet general university requirements for promotion and tenure (research, publication and university/ community/ professional service). salary $25,000 upward, depending on qualifications and scholarly credentials. send complete resume with names and addresses of five references, to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, university of illinois library at urbana-champaign, 127 library, 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il 61801. phone (217) 333-8169. for maximum consideration, applications and nominations should be received no later than november 1 ‚ 1983. the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. media specialist. supervises and promotes audio-visual services on the rio grande campus (austin) and evening/extension campuses. maintains liaison with audio-visual services and television studio on other campuses. advises on budget and program needs. supervises three media technicians. scripts and produces in-house media programming. stron service orientation required. qualifications: masters in educational technology and/or masters in library science (ala-accredited) with emphasis on audiovisual services. two years experience in related position in education with experience as teacher, av librarian, or instructional developer in college environment preferred. details on request. salary range: $18,424-$23,009 (professional classification). excellent enefits. apply with letter, resume, and names of three references by november 11, 1983, to: personnel services, austin community college, p.o. box 2285, austin, tx 78768. an aa/ee0 employer. head of acquisitions. senior assistant librarian rank, tenure-track, minimum starting salary of $18,000 for 12 months, excellent benefits. acquisitions staff of 5.5 fte handles an annual budget of more than $500,000, using an automated system. required: mls from ala-accredited school; minimum of 3 years post-mls experience in college or university library, including one year in managerial capacity; knowledge of bibliographic/book trade resources; familiarity with automated systems. given the minimum requirements (above), weight will be given to professional experience in technical service, particularly in acquisitions, to direct experience with automated systems, to working knowledge of foreign languages, and to graduate study beyond the mls. 362 / october 1983 to be considered, application, resume, and 3 recent letters of reference must be received by october 17. full job description will be sent upon request. send all correspondence to: office of faculty and staff relations, 4th floor, administration building, suny college at brockport, brockport, ny 14420. suny is an eeo, aa employer. acquisitions librarian. responsible for administration of monographs, serials, and av acquisitions department for state-supported university of 7,000 students with materials budget exceeding $400,000. supervise clerical and student assistants. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; 1-2 years experience in acquisitions in an academic library preferred; knowledge of the book rule, approval plans, and automated library systems; ability to work effectively with diverse faculty and library staff; supervisory skills; broad intellectual background and sound judgment; second master's degree desirable. salary commensurate with education and experience; $15,500-$17,500. faculty status, 3-year contract. send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references, to: director's office, olson library, northern michigan university, marquette, mi 49855. deadline: december 1. begin as soon as possible. an aa/e0 employer. archives and special collections librarian. to set up an archive collection. some reference desk duty also required. qualifications: mls, ala-accredited library school, minimum of 2 years catalog or archive experience. salary: open. deadline: november 15, 1983. contact: library director, fayetteville state university, fayetteville, nc 28301. catalogers (2). must be familiar with 0clc, aacr2, dewey and lc. to catalog and process monographic and av materials. qualifications: mls, ala-accredited library school. minimum of 2 years catalog experience required. one foreign language helpful. salary: open. deadline: november 15. contact: library director, fayetteville state university, fayetteville, nc 28301. the oberlin conference on theft on september 19-20, 1983, at oberlin college, ohio, 38 librarians, curators, booksellers, attorneys, and law enforcement agents participated in a unique conference that, in an ideal world, should never have taken place— the oberlin conference on theft. funded largely by a grant from the h.w. wilson company, the conference was modeled on last year's conference on deaccessioning held at brown university. william a. moffett, the oberlin college librarian who two years ago apprehended the most active book thief in american history (james richard shinn)‚ and elisabeth woodburn, president of the antiquarian booksellers association of america (abaa)‚ were co-chairs of the conference. because of the increasing number of rare and unique items that are stolen from academic and special collections and bought unknowingly by antiquarian bookdealers‚ conference participants shared stories, ideas, concerns, and suggestions for raising the consciousness of librarians and other professionals in university administration, law enforcement agencies, law firms, and the book trade. all too often the attitude has been that "it won't happen here, and if it does there is not much anyone can do about it.” october 1983 / 363 but it soon became clear that there are many steps that a library can take to secure its collections, minimize the likelihood of a major theft, and increase the chances of successfully recovering stolen items. the majority of library thefts are perpetrated by students or faculty who do not wish to be inconvenienced by checking out or photocopying a book or journal article in the core collection. several conference participants pointed out ways of deterring this kind of theft: setting up an electronic detection system that is subtly obvious without being too obtrusive (like 3m's tattle-tape); using security guards or surveillance systems that give a thief the impression of being watched; locking windows; alarming the perimeters; and blocking access to the stacks from odd entry points like the roof or underground steam tunnels. determined thieves like shinn are a minority. however, they may well be clever enough to sidestep any security precautions a library has taken. what should a library do when it has discovered a theft? oberlin confer­ ence participants unanimously agreed that a major theft should be reported immediately to a) campus police, b) local antiquarian booksellers, c) bookline alert: missing books and manuscripts (bambam)‚ a national database to alert the national book trade to stolen items, and d) the abaa. reporting a theft is a deterrent to future thefts and is a critical factor in the recovery of the stolen items. on the other hand, placing an embargo on all information about a theft does nothing to solve the crime, facilitates the sale of the stolen items, and can be very embarrassing for an institution if word leaks out from unofficial sources. depending on the magnitude of the crime and other jurisdictional matters‚ other local and federal law enforcement agencies may be called in. now that the fbi has been educated about the significance of rare books and manuscripts thanks to their involvement in the shinn case, local bureaus may be willing to spend considerable time in recovering an institution's property. many of the conference speakers stressed the importance of educating local police officials, university administrators, and relevant legal counsel on the value of culturally precious and unique materials before a theft occurs. they will then take action more readily should a crisis develop. another critical area of discussion at the oberlin conference centered around the marks of ownership placed on rare materials. in order to recover stolen materials, proof of ownership must be demonstrated. if marks of owner­ ship have been expertly removed, a librarian must be able to show the probabil­ ity of their once having existed on the items in question. accurate cataloging and acquisition records must also be presented that can uniquely identify par­ ticular items and show that indeed they are the library's property. guidelines for the security and marking of special materials may be found in the march 1982 c&rl news‚ pp. 90-93. the conference ended with discussion on the establishment of a national security office that would act as a clearinghouse of information about stolen library/archival property, keep a national registry of library markings to make it easier to identify the location of owner institutions, publicize the modes of operation used by professional book thieves, and advise institutions on security information and legislation. the proceedings of the oberlin conference on theft will be published next year in a format that is yet to be determined. c&rl news will announce its availability at that time. all gale r eferen ce books a re sent on 6 0 -d a y approval encyclopedia of associations m a rtin c o n n o rs. a b o u t 750pp. 4 cumulative indexes. gale, 1983-84. isbn ... a guide to national and international 0-8103-1696-x. sub., $150.00. (so) (part o r g a n iz a tio n s , in c lu d in g : t ra d e‚ 1 in print)business, and commercial; agricultural and commodity; legal, governmental, c o n s u lt t h is new d ire c to ry fo r public administration, and military; detailed descriptions and complete scientific, engineering and technical; con tact inform ation on today's high educational; cultural; social welfare; technology communications systems health and medical; public affairs; and services. covering the entire f r a te r n a l, f o r e ig n i n t e r e s t , n a ­ t i o n a l i t y , a n d e th n ic ; r e lig io u s; g a m u t o f m odern te le c o m m u n i­ veteran, heriditary‚ and patriotic; c a tio n s , the th ree-p art work will hobby and aυocational; athletic and d e s c rib e 8 00 o r g a n iz a tio n s and sports; labor unions, associations, provide 500 glossary terms. a n d f e d e r a t i o n s ; c h a m b e r s o f commerce; a n d greek l e tte r a nd encyclopedia of medical related organizations. 18th ed. edited organizations and agenciesby denise akey. the 1984 edition of the no. 1 guide to sources for current facts, ... a subject guide to medical societies, figures, and opinions. gale, 1983. professional and voluntary associ­ a t i o n s , f o u n d a t i o n s , r e s e a r c h vol. 1, n a ti o n a l organizations o f institutes, federal and state agencies, the u.s. the basic volume provides medical and allied health schools, over 17,750 full descriptions of active information centers, data base ser­ groups. 1,936pp. in 2 parts. is b n 0v ic e s , a n d r e l a t e d h e a l t h care 8103-1687-0. $170.00/set. (so) o r g a n iz a tio n s . 1st ed. e d ite d by anthony t. kruzas. 768pp. name index. vol. 2, geographic a n d executive subject cross index. gale, 1983. isbn index. both indexes give addresses 0-8103-0347-7. $125.00. (so) and phone numbers. 1,064pp. is b n fu rnishes current inform ation on 0-8103-1688-9. $150.00. (so) some 10,000 m ajor public and private v o l. 3, n e w a s s o c i a t i o n s a n d agencies in medicine and related projects. inter-ed. supp. is b n 0-8103fields th a t are concerned with in ­ 0130-x. sub., $165.00. (so) f o r m a t i o n , f u n d in g , r e s e a r c h , education, planning, advocacy, and service. the descriptive entries are telecommunications systems arranged in 78 chapters covering and services directory specific areas of modern health care ...an international descriptive guide and medicine. to n e w a n d e s t a b l i s h e d t e l e ­ communications organizations, s y s ­ tems, and services, covering voice and (so) t hese titles are av ailable at d a ta c o m m u n i c a t i o n s ‚ t e le c o n ­ g ale’s 5% stand ing order discount. ferencing, electronic mail, local area deduct 5% i f you send check with networks, satellite services, videotex and teletext, interactive cable tele­ order. customers outside the u .s. v i s i o n , t r a n s a c t i o n a l s e r v i c e s , and c anad a add 10%. telegram, telex, facsimile, and others, i n c l u d i n g r e l a t e d c o n s u l t a n t s ‚ a s s o c ia tio n s, research i n s titu te s , publishers and information services, gale research co. book tower • detroit, mi 48226 and regulatory bodies, with a detailed g l o s s a r y o f t e r m s , a c r o n y m s ‚ standards, and issues in the field. 1st to order by phone: 1 -8 0 0 -5 2 1 -0 7 0 7 ed. published in 3 softbound parts. tollfree. in c anada, michigan, alaska, edited by joh n schmittroth, jr., and and hawaii: 1-313-961-2242. new books from gale an overview of the current state of linked and open data in cataloging irfan ullah, shah khusro, asim ullah, and muhammad naeem information technology and libraries | december 2018 47 irfan ullah (cs.irfan@uop.edu.pk) is doctoral candidate, shah khusro (khusro@uop.edu.pk) is professor, asim ullah (asimullah@uop.edu.pk) is doctoral student, and muhammad naeem (mnaeem@uop.edu.pk) is assistant professor, at the department of computer science, university of peshawar. abstract linked open data (lod) is a core semantic web technology that makes knowledge and information spaces of different knowledge domains manageable, reusable, shareable, exchangeable, and interoperable. the lod approach achieves this through the provision of services for describing, indexing, organizing, and retrieving knowledge artifacts and making them available for quick consumption and publication. this is also aligned with the role and objective of traditional library cataloging. owing to this link, major libraries of the world are transferring their bibliographic metadata to the lod landscape. some developments in this direction include the replacement of anglo-american cataloging rules 2nd edition by the resource description and access (rda) and the trend towards the wider adoption of bibframe 2.0. an interesting and related development in this respect are the discussions among knowledge resources managers and library community on the possibility of enriching bibliographic metadata with socially curated or user-generated content. the popularity of linked open data and its benefit to librarians and knowledge management professionals warrant a comprehensive survey of the subject. although several reviews and survey articles on the application of linked data principles to cataloging have appeared in literature, a generic yet holistic review of the current state of linked and open data in cataloging is missing. to fill the gap, the authors have collected recent literature (2014–18) on the current state of linked open data in cataloging to identify research trends, challenges, and opportunities in this area and, in addition, to understand the potential of socially curated metadata in cataloging mainly in the realm of the web of data. to the best of the authors’ knowledge, this review article is the first of its kind that holistically treats the subject of cataloging in the linked and open data environment. some of the findings of the review are: linked and open data is becoming the mainstream trend in library cataloging especially in the major libraries and research projects of the world; with the emergence of linked open vocabularies (lov), the bibliographic metadata is becoming more meaningful and reusable; and, finally, enriching bibliographic metadata with user-generated content is gaining momentum. conclusions drawn from the study include the need for a focus on the quality of catalogued knowledge and the reduction of the barriers to the publication and consumption of such knowledge, and the attention on the part of library community to the learning from the successful adoption of lod in other application domains and contributing collaboratively to the global scale activity of cataloging. introduction with the emergence of the semantic web and linked open data (lod), libraries have been able to make their bibliographic data publishable and consumable on the web, resulting in an increased understanding and utility both for humans and machines.1 additionally, the use of linked data principles of lod has allowed connecting related data on the web.2 traditional catalogs as mailto:cs.irfan@uop.edu.pk mailto:khusro@uop.edu.pk mailto:asimullah@uop.edu.pk mailto:mnaeem@uop.edu.pk current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 48 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 collections of metadata about library content have served the same purpose for a long time.3 it is, therefore, natural to establish a link between the two technologies and exploit the capabilities of lod to enhance the power of cataloging services. in this regard, significant milestones have been achieved, which includes the use of linked and open data principles for publishing and linking library catalogs, bibframe, and europeana data model (edm).4 however, the potential of linked and open data for building more efficient libraries and the challenges involved in that direction are mostly unknown due to the lack of a holistic view of the relationship between cataloging and the lod initiative and the advances made in both areas. likewise, the possibility of enriching the bibliographic metadata with user-generated content such as ratings, tags, and reviews to facilitate the search for known-items as well as exploratory search has not received much attention. 5 some studies of preliminary extent have, however, appeared in literature an overview of which is presented in the following paragraphs. several survey and review articles have contributed to different aspects of cataloging in the lod environment. hallo et al. investigated how linked data is used in digital libraries, how the major libraries of the world implemented it, and how they benefit from it by focusing on the selected ontologies and vocabularies. 6 they identified several specific challenges to applying linked data to digital libraries. more specifically, they reviewed the linked data applications in digital libraries by analyzing research publications regarding the major national libraries (obtaining five-stars by following linked data principles) and published from 2012 to 2016.7 tallerås examined statistically the quality of linked bibliographic data published by the major libraries including spain, france, the united kingdom, and germany. 8 yoose and perkins presented a brief survey of lod uses under different projects in different domains including libraries, archives, and museums.9 by exploring the current advances in the semantic web, robert identified the potential roles of libraries in publishing and consuming bibliographic data and institutional research output as linked and open data on the web.10 gardašević presented a detailed overview of semantic web and linked open data from the perspective of library data management and their applicability within the library domain to provide a more open and integrated catalog for improved search, resource discovery, and access.11 thomas, pierre-yves, and bernard presented a review of linked open vocabularies (lov), in which they analyzed the health of lov from the requirements perspective of its stakeholders, its current progress, its uses in lod applications, and proposed best practices and guidelines regarding the promotion of lov ecosystem.12 they uncovered the social and technical aspects of this ecosystem and identified the requirements for the long-term preservation of lov data. vandenbussche et al. highlighted the features, components, significance, and applications of lov and identified the ways in which lov supports ontology & vocabulary engineering in the publication, reuse and data quality of lod.13 tosaka and park performed a detailed literature review of rda (2005–11) and identified its fundamental differences from aacr2, its relationship with the metadata standards, and its impact on metadata encoding standards, users, practitioners, and the training required.14 sprochi presented the current progress in rda, frbr (functional requirements for bibliographic records), and bibframe to predict the future of library metadata, the skills and knowledge required to handle it, and the directions in which the library community is heading. 15 gonzales identified the limitations of marc21 and the benefits of and challenges in adopting the bibframe information technology and libraries | december 2018 49 framework.16 taniguchi assessed bibframe 2.0 for the exchange and sharing of metadata created in different ways for different bibliographic resources.17 he discussed bibframe 1.0 from rda point of view.18 he examined bibframe 2.0 from the perspective of rda to uncover issues in its mapping to bibframe including rda expressions in bibframe, mapping rda elements to bibframe properties, and converting marc21 metadata records to bibframe metadata. 19 fayyaz, ullah, and khusro reported on the current state of lod and identified several prominent issues, challenges, and research opportunities. 20 ullah, khusro, and ullah reviewed and evaluated different approaches for bibliographic classification of digital collections.21 by looking at the above survey and review articles, one may observe that these articles target a specific aspect of cataloging from the perspective of lod. the holistic analysis and a complete picture of the current state of cataloging in transiting to lod ecosystem are missing. this paper adds to the body of knowledge by filling this gap in the literature. more specifically, it attempts to answer the following research questions (rqs): rq01: how linked open data (lod) and vocabularies (lov) are transforming the digital landscape of library catalogs? rq02: what are the prominent/major issues, challenges, and research opportunities in publishing and consuming bibliographic metadata as linked and open data? rq03: what is the possible impact of extending bibliographic metadata with the usergenerated content and making it visible on the lod cloud? the first section of this paper answers rq01 by discussing the potential role of lod and lov in making library catalogs visible and reusable on the web. the second section answers rq02 by identifying some of the prominent issues, challenges, and research opportunities in publishing, linking, and consuming library catalogs as linked data. it also identifies specific issues in rda and bibframe from lod perspective and highlights the quality of lod-based cataloging. the third section answers rq03 by reviewing the state-of-the-art literature on the socially curated metadata and its role in cataloging. the last section concludes the paper followed by references cited in this article. the role of linked open data and vocabularies in cataloging the catalogers, librarians, and information science professionals have always been busy defining the set of rules, guidelines, and standards to record the metadata about knowledge artifacts accurately, precisely, and efficiently. the aacr2 are among the widely used rules and guidelines for cataloging. however, it has several issues with the nature of authorship, the relationships between bibliographic metadata, the categorization of format-specific resources, and the description of new data types.22 in an attempt to produce its revised version, aacr3, the cataloging community noticed that a new framework should be developed with the name of rda.23 based on frbr conceptual models, rda is a “flexible and extendible bibliographic framework” that supports data sharing and interoperability and is compatible with marc21 and aacr2.24 according to the rda toolkit, rda describes digital and non-digital resources by taking advantage of the flexibilities and efficiencies of modern information storage and retrieval technologies while at the same time is backward-compatible with legacy technologies used in conventional resource discovery and access applications.25 it is aligned with the ifla’s current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 50 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 (international federation of library associations and institutions) conceptual models of authority and bibliographic metadata (frbr, frad [functional requirements for authority data], frsad [functional requirements for subject authority data]).26 rda accommodates all types of content and media in digital environments with improved bibliographic control in the realm of linked and open data; however, its responsiveness to user requirements needs further research.27 the discussion of the cataloging rules and guidelines stays incomplete without the metadata encoding standards and formats that give practical shape to these rules in the form of library catalogs. the most common encoding formats include dublin core (dc) and marc21. dublin core (http://lov.okfn.org/dataset/lov/vocabs/dce) is a [general-purpose metadata encoding scheme and] vocabulary of fifteen properties with “broad, generic, and usable terms” for resource description in natural language. it is advantageous as it presents relatively low barriers to repository construction; however, it lacks in standards to index subjects consistently as well as to offer a uniform semantic basis necessary for an enhanced search experience.28 the lack of uniform semantic basis is due to the individual interpretations and exploitations of dc metadata by the libraries, which in turn originated from its different and independent implementations at the element level.29 marc21 is the most common machine process-able metadata encoding format for bibliographic metadata. it can be mapped to several formats including dc, marc/xml (http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/), mods (http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods), mads (http://www.loc.gov/standards/mads), and other metadata standards.30 however, marc21 has several limitations such as only library software and librarians understand it, it is semantically inexpressive and isolated from the web structure, and it lacks in expressive semantic connections to relate different data elements in a single catalog record.31 besides its limitations, marc metadata encoding format is vital for resource discovery especially within the library environment, and therefore, ways must be found to make visible the library collections outside the libraries and available through the major web search engines.32 one such effort is from the library of congress (http://catalog.loc.gov/) that introduced a new bibliographic metadata framework, bibframe 2.0, which will eventually replace marc21 and allow semantic web and linked open data to interlink bibliographic metadata from different libraries. other metadata encoding schema and frameworks include schema.org, edm, and the international community for documentation (cidoc)’s conceptual reference model (cidoc-crm).33 today, the bibliographic metadata records are available on the web in several forms including marc21, online public access catalogs (opacs), and bibliographic descriptions from online catalogs (e.g., library of congress), online cooperative catalogs (e.g., oclc’s worldcat [https://www.oclc.org/en/worldcat.html program]), social collaborative cataloging applications (e.g., librarything [https://www.librarything.com]), digital libraries (e.g., ieee xplore digital library [https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xplore/home.jsp]), acm digital library(https://dl.acm.org), book search engines such as google books, and commercial databases including e.g., amazon.com. most of these cataloging web applications use either marc or other legacy standards as metadata encoding and representation schemes. however, the majority of these applications are either considering or transiting to the emerging cataloging rules, frameworks, and encoding schemes so that the bibliographic descriptions of their holdings could be made visible and reusable as linked and open data on the web for the broader interests of libraries, publishers, and end-users. http://lov.okfn.org/dataset/lov/vocabs/dce http://www.loc.gov/standards/marcxml/ http://www.loc.gov/standards/mods http://www.loc.gov/standards/mads http://catalog.loc.gov/ https://www.oclc.org/en/worldcat.html https://www.librarything.com/ https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xplore/home.jsp https://dl.acm.org/ information technology and libraries | december 2018 51 the presence of high-quality reusable vocabularies makes the consumption of linked data more meaningful, which is made possible by linked open vocabularies (lov) that bring value-added extensions to the web of data.34 the following two subsections attempt to answer the rq01 by highlighting how lod and lov are transforming the current digital landscape of cataloging. linked and open data the semantic web and linked open data have enabled libraries to publish and make visible their bibliographic data on the web, which increases the understanding and consumption of this metadata both for humans and machines.35 lod connects and relates bibliographic metadata on the web using linked data principles.36 publishing, linking, and consuming bibliographic metadata as linked and open data brings several benefits. these include improvements in data visibility, linkage with different online services, interoperability through universal lod platform, and the credibility due to user annotations.37 other benefits include: the semantic modeling of entities related to bibliographic resources; ease in transforming topics into skos; ease in the usage of linked library data in other services; better data visualization according to user requirements; linking and querying linked data from multiple sources; and improved usability of library linked data in other domains and knowledge areas.38 different users including scientists, students, citizens and other stakeholders of library data can benefit from adopting lod in libraries.39 linked data has the potential to make bibliographic metadata visible, reusable, shareable, and exchangeable on the web with greater semantic interoperability among the consuming applications. several major projects including bibframe, lodlam (linked open data in libraries archives and museums [http://lodlam.net]), and ld4l (linked data for libraries [https://www.ld4l.org]) are in progress, which advocates for this potential.40 similarly, library linked data (lld) is lod-based bibliographic datasets, available in mods and marc21 and could be used in making search systems more sophisticated and may also be used in lov datasets to integrate applications requiring library and subjects domain datasets.41 bianchini and guerrini report on the current changes in the library and cataloging domains from ranganathan’s point of view of trinity (library, books, staff), which states that changes in one element of this trinity undoubtedly affect the others.42 they found several factors including readers, collections, and services influence this trinity and emphasize for a change: • readers moved to the web from libraries and wanted to save their time but want many capabilities including searching and navigating the full-text of resources by following links. they want resources connected to similar and related resources. they want concepts interlinked to perform an exploratory search, find serendipitous results to fulfill their information needs. • collections encompass several changes from their production to dissemination, from search and navigation to the representation and presentation of content. the ways the users access them and catalogers describe them are changing. their management is moving beyond the boundaries of their corresponding libraries to the open and broader landscape of open access context and exposure to lod environment. • services are moving from bibliographic data silos to the semantic web. this affects moving the bibliographic model to a more connected and linked data model and environment of semantic web. the data is moving from bibliographic database management systems to large lod graph, where millions of marc records are reused and converted to new http://lodlam.net/ https://www.ld4l.org/ current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 52 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 encoding formats that are backward compatible with marc21, rda, and others and provide opportunities to be exploited fully by the linked and open data environment. thinking along this direction, new cataloging rules and guidelines, such as rda, are making us a part of the growing global activity of cataloging. therefore, catalogers should take keen interest in and avail themselves of the opportunities that lie in linked and open data for cataloging. otherwise, they (as a service) might be forgotten or removed from the trinity, i.e., from collections and readers.43 several major libraries have been actively working to make their bibliographic metadata visible and re-usable on the web. the library of congress through its linked data service (http://id.loc.gov) enables humans and machines to access its authority data programmatically. 44 it exposes and interconnects data on the web through dereferenceable uniform resource identifiers (uris).45 its scope includes providing access to the commonly found loc standards and vocabularies (controlled vocabularies and data values) for the list of authorities and controlled vocabularies that loc currently supports.46 according to the loc, the linked data service brings several benefits to the users including: accessing data at no cost; providing granular access to individual data values; downloading controlled vocabularies and their data values in numerous formats; enabling linking to loc data values within the user metadata using linked data principles; providing a simple restful api, clear license and usage policy for each vocabulary; accessing data across loc divisions through a unified endpoint; and visualizing relationships between concepts and values.47 however, to fully exploit the potentials of lod, loc is mainly focusing on its bibframe initiative.48 bibframe is not only a replacement for the current marc21 metadata encoding format it is a new way of thinking how the available large amount of bibliographic metadata could be shared, reused, and made available as linked and open data. 49 the bibframe 2.0 (https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/docs/bibframe2-model.html) model organizes information into work (the details of the about the work information), instance (work on specific subject quantity in numbers), item (format: print or electronic), and nature (copy/original work). bibframe 2.0 elaborates the roles of the persons in the specific work as agents, and the subject of the work as subjects and events.50 according to taniguchi, bibframe 2.0 takes the bibliographic metadata standards to the linked and open data with model and vocabulary that makes the cataloging more useful both inside and outside the library community.51 to achieve this goal, it needs to fulfill two primary requirements. these include (1) accepting and representing metadata created with rda by replacing the marc21, and therefore, working as creating, exchanging, and sharing rda metadata; (2) accepting and accommodating descriptive metadata for bibliographic resources created by libraries, cultural heritage communities, and users for the wide exchange and sharing. bibframe 2.0 should comply with the linked data principles including the use of rdf and uris. in addition to the library of congress, oclc through its linked data research has also been actively involved in research on transforming and publishing its bibliographic metadata as linked data.52 under this program, oclc aims to provide a technical platform for the management and publication of its rdf datasets at a commercial scale. it models the key bibliographic entities including work and person and populates them with legacy and marc-based metadata. it extends http://id.loc.gov/ https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/docs/bibframe2-model.html information technology and libraries | december 2018 53 models to efficiently describe the contents of digital collections, art objects, and institutional repositories, which are not very well-described in marc. it improves the bibliographic description of works and their translations. it manages the transition from marc and other legacy encoding formats to linked data and develops prototypes for native consumption of linked data to improve resource description and discovery. finally, it organizes teaching and training events.53 since 2012, oclc has been publishing bibliographic data as linked data with three major lod datasets including oclc persons, worldcat works, and worldcat.org.54 inspired from google research, currently, they have been working on knowledge vault pipeline process to harvest, extract, normalize, weigh, and synthesize knowledge from bibliographic records, authority files, and the web to generate linked data triples to improve the exploration and discovery experience of end-users.55 worldcat.org publishes it bibliographic metadata as linked data by extracting a rich set of entities including persons, works, places, events, concepts, and organizations to make possible several web services and functionalities for resource discovery and access.56 it uses schema.org (http://schema.org) as the base ontology, which can be extended with different ontologies and vocabularies to model worldcat bibliographic data to be published and consumed as linked data.57 tennant presents a simple example of how this works. suppose we want to represent the fact “william shakespeare is the author of hamlet” as linked data.58 to do this, the important entities should be extracted along with their semantics (relationships) and represented in a format that is both machine-processable and human-readable. using schema.org, virtual international authority file (viaf.org), and worldcat.org, the sentence can be represented as a linked data triple, as shown in figure 1 based on tennant.59 the digital bibliography & library project (dblp) is an online computer science bibliography that provides bibliographic information about major publications in computer science with the goal of providing free access to high-quality bibliographic metadata and links to the electronic version of these publications.60 as of october 2018, it has indexed more than 4.3 million publications from more than 2.1 million authors and has indexed more than 40,000 journal volumes, 38,000 conference/workshop proceedings, and more than 80,000 monographs.61 its dataset is available on lod that allows for faceted search and faceted navigation to the matching publications. it uses growbag graphs to create topic facets and uses dblp++ datasets (an enhanced version of dblp) and additional data extracted from the related webpages on the web.62 a mysql database stores the dblp++ dataset that is accessible through several ways including (1) getting the database dump; (2) using its web services; (3) using d2r server to access it in rdf; and (4) getting the rdf dump available in n3 serialization.63 the above discussions on loc, oclc, and dblp make it clear that lod can potentially transform the cataloging landscape of libraries by making bibliographic metadata visible and reusable on the web. however, this potential can only be exploited to its fullest if relevant vocabularies are provided to make the linked data more meaningful. lov fulfills this demand for relevant and standard vocabularies, discussed in the next subsection. current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 54 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 figure 1. an example of publishing a sample fact as linked data (based on tennant64). linked open vocabularies linked open vocabularies (lov) are a “high-quality catalog of reusable vocabularies to describe linked and open data.”65 they assist publishers in choosing the appropriate vocabulary to efficiently describe the semantics (classes, properties, and data types) of the data to be published as linked and open data.66 lov interconnect vocabularies, version control, the property type of values to be matched with a query to increase the score of the terms, and offers a range of data access methods including apis, sparql endpoint, and data dump. the aim is to make the reuse of well-documented vocabularies possible in the lod environment.67 the lov portal brings valueadded extensions to the web of data, which is evident from its adoption in several state-of-the-art applications.68 the presence of vocabulary makes the corresponding linked data meaningful, if the original vocabulary vanishes from the web, linked data applications that rely on it no longer function because they cannot validate against the authoritative source. lov systems prevent vocabularies from becoming unavailable by providing redundant or back-up locations for these vocabularies.69 the lov catalog meets almost all types of search criteria including search using metadata, ontology, apis, rdf dump, and sparql endpoint enabling it to provide a range of services regarding the reuse of rdf vocabularies.70 linked data should be accompanied by its meaning to achieve its benefits, which is possible using vocabularies especially rdf vocabularies that are also published as linked data and linked with each other forming an lov ecosystem.71 such an ecosystem defines the health and usability of linked data by making its meaningful interpretation possible.72 for an ontology or vocabulary to be included into the lov catalog, it must be of an appropriate size with low-level and normalized information technology and libraries | december 2018 55 constraints and represented in rdfs or web ontology language (owl); it must allow creating instances and support documentation by permitting comments, labels, definitions, and descriptions to support end users.73 the ontology must have additional characteristics such as those described in semantic web languages like owl, published on the web with no limitations on its reuse, and support for content negotiation using searchable content and namespace uris .74 the lov catalog offers four core functionalities that make it more attractive for libraries. the aggregate accesses vocabularies through dump file or (a sparql) endpoint. the search finds classes/properties in a vocabulary or ontology. the stat displays descriptive statistics of lov vocabularies. finally, suggest enables the registry of new vocabularies.75 radio and hanrath uncovered the concerns regarding transitioning to lov including how preexisting terms could be mapped while considering the potential semantic loss.76 they describe this transition in the light of a case study at the university of kansas institutional repository, which adopted oclc’s fast vocabulary and analyzed the outcomes and impact of exposing their data as linked data. to them, a vocabulary that is universal in scope and detail can become “bloated” and may result in an aggregated list of uncontrolled terms. however, such a diverse system may be capable of accurately describing the contents of an institutional repository. in this regard, adopting linked data vocabulary may serve to increase the overall quality of data by ensuring consistency with greater exposure of the resources when published as lod. however, such a transition to a linked data vocabulary is not that simple and gets complicated when the process involves reconciling the legacy metadata especially when dealing with the issues of under or misrepresentation.77 publishers, commercial entities, and data providers such as universities are taking keen interest and consortial participation, and therefore the library community must contribute to, benefit from, and consider this inevitable opportunity seriously.78 considering, the core role of libraries in connecting people to the information, they should come forward to make available their descriptive metadata collections as linked and open data for the benefit of the scholarly community on the web. it is time to move from strings (descriptive bibliographic records) to things (data items) that are connected in a more meaningful manner for the consumption of both machines and humans.79 besides the numerous benefits of the lov, there are some well-documented [and well-supported] vocabularies that are “not published or no longer available.”80 while focusing on the mappings between schema.org and lov, nogales et al. argue that the lov portal is limited as “some of the vocabularies are not available here.”81 in other words, the lov portal is growing, but currently, it is at the infant stage, where much work is needed to bring all or at least the missing welldocumented and well-supported vocabularies. this way the true benefits of lov could be exploited to the fullest when such vocabularies are linked and made available for the consumption and reuse of the broader audience and applications of the web of data. challenges, issues, and research opportunities to answer the rq02, this section attempts to identify some of the prominent/key challenges and issues regarding publishing and consuming bibliographic metadata as linked and open data. the sheer scale and diversity of cataloging frameworks, metadata encoding schemes, and standards make it difficult to approach cataloging effectively and efficiently. the quality of the cataloging data is another dimension that needs proper attention. current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 56 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 the multiplicity of cataloging rules and standards the importance and critical role of standards in cataloging are clear to everyone. with standards, it becomes possible to identify authors uniquely; link users to the intended and the required resources; assess the value and usage of the services a library or information system provides; operate efficiently different transactions regarding bibliographic metadata, link content, preserve metadata, and generate reports; and enable the transfer of notifications, data, and events across machines.82 the success of these standards is because of the community-based efforts and their utility for a person/organization and ease of adoption. 83 however, we are living in a “jungle of standards” with massive scale and complexity.84 we are facing a flood of standards, schemas, protocols, and formats to deal with bibliographic metadata. 85 it is necessary to come up with some uniform and widely accepted standard, schema, protocol, and format, which will make possible the uniformity between bibliographic records and make way for records de-duplication on the web. also, because of the exponential growth of the digital landscape of document collections and the emerging yet widely adopted linked data environment, it becomes necessary for librarians to be part of this global scale activity of making their bibliographic data available as linked and open data.86 therefore, all these standards need reenvisioning and reconsideration when libraries transit from the current implementations to a more complex lod-based environment.87 rda is easy to use, user-centric, and retrieval-supportive with a precise vocabulary.88 however, it has lengthier descriptions with a lot of technical terms, is time-consuming, needs re-training, and suffers from the generation gap.89 rda is transitioning from aacr2 to produce metadata for knowledge artifacts, and it will be adaptive to the emerging data structures of linked data.90 although librarians could potentially play a vital role in making rda successful, it is challenging to bring them on the same page with publishers and vendors.91 while studying bibframe 2.0 from rda point of view, taniguchi observed that: • bibframe has no class correspondence with rda, especially making a distinction between work and expression is challenging. • some rda elements have no corresponding properties in bibframe, and therefore, cannot be expressed in bibframe. in other cases, bibframe properties cannot be converted back to rda elements due to the many-to-one and many-to-many mappings between them. • the availability of multiple marc21-to-bibframe tools results in the variety of bibframe metadata, which makes its matching and merging in the later stages challenging.92 to understand whether bibframe 2.0 is suitable as a metadata schema, taniguchi examined it closely for domain constraint of properties and developed four additional methods for implementing such constraints, i.e., defining properties in bibframe.93 in these methods, method 1 is the strictest one for defining such properties, method 2 from bibframe, and the remaining gradually loosen. method 1 defines the domain of individual properties as work or instance only, which is according to the method in rda. method 2 defines properties using multiclass structure (work-instance-item) for descriptive metadata. method 3 introduces a new class bibres to accommodate work and instance properties. method 4 uses two classes bibres and work for representing a bibliographic resource. method 5 leaves the domain of any property unspecified and uses rdf:type to represent whether a resource belongs to the work or instance. he observed that: information technology and libraries | december 2018 57 • the multi-class structure used in bibframe (method 2) questions the consistency between this structure and the domain definition of the properties. • if the quality of the metadata is concerned especially matching among converted metadata from different source metadata, then method 1 works better than method 2. • if metadata conversion from different sources is required, then method 4 or 5 should be applied.94 taniguchi concludes that bibframe’s domain constraint policy is unsuitable for descriptive metadata schema to exchange and share bibliographic resources, and therefore, should be reconsidered.95 according to sprochi, bibliographic metadata is passing through a significant transformation. 96 frbr, rda, and bibframe are among the three major and currently running programs that will affect the recording, storage, retrieval, reuse and sharing of bibliographic metadata. ifla focuses on reconciling frbr, frad, and frsad models into one model namely frbr-library reference model (rfbr-lrm [https://www.ifla.org/node/10280]), published in may 2016.97 sprochi further adds that it is generally expected that by adopting this new model, rda will be changed and revised significantly. bibframe will also get substantial modifications to become compatible with frbr-lrm and the resulting rda rules.98 these initiatives, on the one hand, makes possible their visibility on the web, but on the other hand, introduces several changes and challenges for the library and information science community.99 to cope with the challenges of making bibliographic data visible, available, reusable, and shareable on the web, sprochi argues that: 100 • the library and information science community must think of the bibliographic records in terms of data that is both human-readable and machine-understandable, which can be processed across different applications and databases with no format restrictions. also, this data must support interoperability among vendors, publishers, users, and libraries and therefore, should be thought of beyond the notion that “only library create quality metadata (as quoted in coyle (2007)” and cited by sprochi101). • a shared understanding of semantic web, lod, data formats, and other related technologies is necessary for the library and information science community for more meaningful and fruitful conversations with software developers, information & library science (ils) designers, and it & linked data professionals. at least some basic knowledge about these technologies will enable the library community to take active participation in publishing, storing, visualizing, linking, and consuming bibliographic metadata as linked and open data. • the library community must show a strong commitment to more ils vendors to “postmarc” standards such as bibframe or any other standard that is supportive of the lod environment. this way we will be in a better position to exploit linked data and semantic web to their fullest. the library community must be ready to adopt lod in cataloging. transitioning from marc to linked data needs collaborative efforts and requires addressing several challenges. these challenges include: https://www.ifla.org/node/10280 current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 58 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 • committing to a single standard by getting all units in the library, so that the big data problem resulting from using multiple metadata standards by different institutions could be mitigated; • bringing individual experts, libraries, university, and governments to work together and organize conferences, seminars, and workshops to bring linked data into the mainstream ; • translating the bibframe vocabulary into other languages; • involving different users and experts in the area; and • obtaining funding from the public sector and other agencies to continue the journey towards linked data.102 in the current scenario of metadata practices, the interoperability for the exchange of metadata varies across different formats.103 the semantic web and lod support different library models such as frbroo, edm, and bibframe. these conceptual models and frameworks suffer from the interoperability issue, which makes data integration difficult. currently, several options are available for encoding bibliographic data to rdf (and to lod), which further complicates the interoperability and introduces inconsistency.104 existing descriptive cataloging methodologies and the bibliographic ontology descriptions in cataloging and metadata standards set the stage for redesigning and developing better ways of improved information retrieval and interoperability.105 besides the massive heaps of information on the web, the library community (especially digital libraries) has devised standards for metadata and bibliographic description to meet the interoperability requirements for this part of the data on the web.106 semantic web technologies could be exploited to make information presentation, storage, and retrieval more user-friendly for digital libraries.107 to achieve such interoperability among resources, castro proposed an architecture for semantic bibliographic description.108 gardašević emphasizes on employing information system engineers and developers to understand resource description, discovery, and access process in libraries and then extend these practices by applying linked data principles.109 this way bibliographic metadata will be more visible, reusable and shareable on the web. godby, wang, and mixter stress collaborative efforts to establish a single and universal platform for cataloging rules, encoding schema, and model to a higher level of maturity, which requires initiatives such as rda, bibframe, ld4l, and biblow (https://bibflow.library.ucdavis.edu/about).110 the massive volume of metadata (available in marc and other legacy formats) makes data migration to bibframe challenging.111 although bibframe challenges the conventional ground of cataloging, which aims to record tangible knowledge containers, it is still in the infant stage at both theoretical and practical levels.112 for bibframe to be more efficient, enhanced, and enriched, it needs the attention of librarians and information science experts who will use it to encode their bibliographic metadata.113 gonzales suggests that librarians must be willing to share metadata and upgrade metadata encoding standards to bibframe; they should train, learn, and upgrade their systems to efficiently use bibframe encoding scheme and research new ways of bringing interoperability between bibframe and other legacy metadata standards; and they should ensure the data security of patrons and mitigate the legal and copyright issues in making visible their resources as linked and open data.114 also, lov must be exploited from the cataloging perspective by finding out ways to create a single, flexible, adaptable, and representative vocabulary. such a vocabulary will bring the cataloging data from different https://bibflow.library.ucdavis.edu/about information technology and libraries | december 2018 59 libraries of the world and make it accessible and consumable as a single library linked data to get free from the jungle of metadata vocabularies [and standards]. publishing and consuming linked bibliographic metadata according to the findings of one survey, there are several primary motives for publishing an institution’s [meta]data as linked data. these include (in the order from most frequent/ essential to a lesser one):115 • making data visible on the web; • experimenting and finding the potentials of publishing datasets as linked data; • exposing local datasets to understand the nature of linked data; • exploring the benefits of linked data for search engine optimization (seo); • consuming and reusing linked data in future projects; • increasing the data reusability and interoperability; • testing schema.org and bibframe; • meeting the requirements of the project; and • making available the “stable, integrated, and normalized data about research activities of an institution.”116 they also identified several reasons from the participants regarding the consumption of such data. these include (in the order from most frequent/essential to a lesser one):117 • improving the user experience; • extending local data with other datasets; • effectively managing the internal metadata; • improving the accuracy and scope of search results; • trying to improve seo for local resources; • understanding the effect of data aggregation from multiple datasets; and • experimenting and finding the potentials of consuming linked datasets. publishing and consuming bibliographic data on the lod cloud brings numerous applications. kalou et al. developed a semantic mashup by combining semantic web technologies, restful services, and content management services (cms) to generate personalized book recommendations and publish them as linked data.118 it allows for the expressive reasoning and efficient management of ontologies and has potential applications in the library, cataloging services, and ranking book records and reviews. this application exemplifies how we can use the commercially [and socially] curated metadata with bibliographic descriptions from improved user experience in digital libraries using linked data principles. however, publishing and consuming bibliographic metadata as linked and open data is not that simple and need addressing several prominent challenges and issues, which are identified in the following subsections along with some opportunities for further research. publishing linked bibliographic metadata the university of illinois library worked on publishing marc21 records of 30,000 digitized books as linked library data by adding links, transforming them to lod-friendly semantics (mods) and deploying them as rdf with the objective to be used by a wider community.119 to them, using semantic web technologies, a book can be linked to related resources and multiple possible current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 60 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 contexts, which is an opportunity for libraries to build innovative user-centered services for the dissemination and uses of bibliographic metadata.120 in this regard, the challenge is to utilize the existing book-related bibliographic maximally and descriptive metadata in a manner that parallels with the services (both inside the library and outside) as well as exploit to the fullest the full-text search and semantic web technologies, standards, and lod services.121 while publishing the national bibliographic information as free open linked data, ifla identifies several issues including:122 • dealing with the negative financial impact on the revenue generated from traditional metadata services; • the inability to offer consistent services due to the complexity of copyright and licensing frameworks; • the confusion in understanding the difference between “open” and “free” terms; • remodeling library data as library linked data; • the limited persistence and sustainability of linked data resources; • the steep learning curve in understanding and applying linked data practices to library data; • making choices between sites to link to; and • creating persistent uris for library data objects. from the analysis of the relevant literature, hallo identified several issues in publishing bibliographic metadata as linked and open data. these include difficulties in cataloging and migrating data to new conceptual models; the multiplicity of vocabularies for the same metadata; the lack of agreements to share data; the lack of experts and tools for transforming data; the lack of applications and indicators for its consumption; mapping issues; providing useful links of datasets; defining and controlling data ownership; and ensuring dataset quality.123 libraries should adopt to linked data five-stars model by adopting emerging non-proprietary formats to publish its data; link to external resources and services; participate actively in enriching; and improving the quality of metadata to improve knowledge management and discovery. 124 the cataloging has a bright future with more dataset providers by involving citizens and end -users in metadata enrichment and annotation; making ranking and recommendation as part of library cataloging services; and the increased participation of the library community to the body of semantic web and linked data.125 publishing linked data poses several issues. these include data cleanup issues es pecially when dealing with legacy data; technical issues such as data ownership; the software maturity to keep linked data up-to-date; managing its colossal volume; and providing it support for data entry, annotation, and modeling; developing representative and widely applicable lovs; and handling the steep learning curve to understand and apply linked data principles. 126 bull and quimby stress understanding how the library community is transiting their cataloging methods, systems, standards, and integrations to the lod for making them visible on the web and how they keep backward compatibility with legacy bibliographic metadata.127 it is necessary for the lod data model to maintain the underlying semantics of the existing models, schemas, and standards, yet innovate and renew old traditions, where the quality of the conversion solely depends on the ability of this new model to cope with heterogeneity conflicts, information technology and libraries | december 2018 61 maintain granularity and semantic attributes and consequently prevent loss of data and semantics.128 the new model should be semantically expressive enough to support meaningful and precise linking to other datasets. by thinking alternatively, these challenges are the significant research opportunities that will enable us to be part of linked and open data community in a more profound manner. consuming linked bibliographic metadata consuming linked data resources can be a daunting task and may involve resolving/mitigating several challenges. these challenges include:129 • dealing with the bulky or non-available rdf dumps, no authority control within rdf dumps, and data format variations; • identifying terms’ specificity levels during concept matching; • the limited reusability of library linked data due to lack of contextual data; • harmonizing classes and objects at the institution level; • excessive handcrafting due to few off-the-shelf visualization tools; • manual mapping of vocabularies; • matching, aligning, and disambiguating library and linked data; • the limited representation of several essential resources as linked data due to nonavailability of uris; • the lack of sufficient representative semantics for bibliographic data; • the time-consuming nature of linked data to understand its structure for reuse; • the ambiguity of terms across languages; and • the non-stability of endpoints and outdated datasets. syndication is required to make library data visible on the web. also, it is necessary to understand how current applications including web search engines perceive and treat visibility, to what extent schema.org matters, and what is the nature of the linked data cloud.130 an influential work may be translated into several languages, which results in multiple metadata records. some of these are complete, and others are with missing details. godby and smith‐ yoshimura suggest aggregating these multiple metadata records into a single record, which can be complete, link the work to its different translations and translators, and is publishable (and consumable) as linked data.131 however, such an aggregation demands a great deal of human effort to make these records visible and consumable as linked data. this also includes describing all types of objects that libraries currently collect and manage, translating research findings to best practices; and establishing policies to use uris in marc and other types of records. 132 to achieve the long-term goal of making metadata consumable as linked data; the libraries, as well as individual researchers, should align their research with work that of the major players such as oclc, loc, and ifla and follow their best practices.133 the issues in lov needs immediate attention to make lod more useful. these issues, according to include the following:134 • lov publishes only a subset of rdf vocabularies with no inclusion for value vocabularies such as skos thesaurus; • it provides no or almost negligible support for vocabulary authors; current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 62 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 • it relies on third parties to get the information about vocabulary usage in published datasets; • it has insufficient support for multilingualism or many languages; • it should support multi-term vocabulary search, which is required from the ontology designers to understand and employ the complex relationships among concepts; • it should support vocabulary matching, vocabulary checking, and multilingualism to allow users to search and browse vocabularies using their native language. it also improves the quality of the vocabulary by translation, which allows the community to evaluate and collaborate; and • efforts are required to improve and make possible the long-term preservation of vocabularies. lod emerged to change the design and development of metadata, which has implications for controlled vocabularies, especially, the person/agent vocabularies that are fundamental to data linkage but suffer from the issues of metadata maintenance and verification. 135 therefore, practical data management and the metadata-to-triples transition should be studied in detail to make the wider adaptation of lod possible.136 to come out of the lab environment and make lod practically useful, the controlled vocabularies must be cleaned, and its cost should be reduced.137 however, achieving this is challenging and needs to answer how knowledge artifacts could be uniquely identified and labeled across digital collections and what should be the standard practices to use them.138 linked data is still new to libraries.139 the technological complexities, the feeling of risks in adopting new technology and limitations due to the system, politics, and economy are some of the barriers in its usage in libraries.140 however, libraries can potentially overcome these barriers by learning from the use of linked data in other domains including, e.g., google’s knowledge graph and facebook’s open graph.141 the graph interfaces could be developed to link author, publisher, and book-related information, which in turn can be linked to the other open and freely available datasets.142 it is time that the library and information science professionals come out of the old, document-centric approach to bibliographic metadata and adapt their thinking as more datacentric for a more meaningful consumption of bibliographic metadata by both users and machines.143 quality of linked bibliographic metadata the use of a cataloging data defines its quality.144 the quality is essential for the discovery, usage, provenance, currency, authentication, and administration of metadata. 145 cataloging data or bibliographic metadata is considered fit for use based on its accuracy, completeness, logical consistency, provenance, coherence, timeliness, conformance and accessibility. 146 data is commonly assessed by its quality to be used in specific application scenarios and use cases, however, sometimes, low-quality data can still be useful for a specific application as far as its quality meets the requirements of that application.147 the reasons include several factors including availability, accuracy, believability, completeness, conciseness, consistency, objectivity, relevance, understandability, timeliness, and verifiability that determine the quality of data. 148 the quality of linked data can be of two types, one is the inherent quality of linked data, and the other relates to its infrastructure aspects. the former can be further divided into aspects including domain, metadata, rdf model, links among data items, and vocabulary. the infrastructural information technology and libraries | december 2018 63 aspects include the server that hosts the linked data, linked data fragments, and file servers.149 this typology introduces issues of their own, the issues related to the inherent quality including “linking, vocabulary usage and the provision of administrative metadata.”150 the infrastructural aspect introduces issues related to naming conventions, which include avoiding blank nodes and using http uris, linking through owl:sameas links, describing by reusing the existing terms and dereferencing.151 the quality cataloging definitions are mainly based on the experience and practices of the cataloging community.152 its quality falls into at least four basic categories: (1) the technical details of the bibliographic records, (2) the cataloging standards, (3) the cataloging process, and (4) the impact of cataloging on the user.153 the cataloging community focuses mainly on the quality of bibliographic metadata. however, it is not sufficient enough to consider the accuracy, completeness, and standardization of bibliographic metadata, and therefore, it is necessary that they should also consider the information needs of the users.154 van kleeck et al. investigated issues in the quality management of metadata of electronic resources to assess in supporting user tasks of finding, selecting, and accessing library holdings as well as identifying the potential for increasing efficiencies in acquisition and cataloging workflow.155 they evaluated the quality of existing bibliographic records mostly provided by their vendors and compared them with those of oclc and found that the latter has better support users in resource discovery and access. 156 from the management perspective, the complexity and volume of bibliographic metadata and the method of ingesting it to the catalog emphasize the selection of highest quality records.157 from the perspective of digital repositories, the absence of well-defined theoretical and operational definitions of metadata quality, interoperability, and consistency are some of the issues for the quality of metadata.158 the national information standards organization (niso) identifies several issues in creating metadata. 159 these include the inadequate knowledge about cataloging in both manual and automatic environments leading to inaccurate data entry, inconsistency of subject vocabularies, and limitations of resource discovery, and the development of standardized approaches to structure metadata.160 the poor quality of linked data can make its usefulness much difficult.161 datasets are created at the data level resulting in a significant variance in perspectives and underlying data models.162 this also leads to errors in triplication, syntax, and data; misleading owl:sameas links, and the low availability of sparql endpoints.163 library catalogs, because of their low quality, most often fail to communicate clear and correct information correctly to the users.164 the reasons for such low quality include user’s inability to produce catalogs that are free from faults and duplicates as well as low standards and policies that drive these cataloging practices. 165 although the rich collections of bibliographic metadata are available, these are rich in terms of the heaps of cataloging data and not in terms of quality with almost no bibliographic control. 166 these errors in and the low quality of bibliographic metadata are the result of misunderstanding the aims and functions of bibliographic metadata and adopting the “unwise” cataloging standards and policies.167 still there exist some high-quality cataloging efforts with well-maintained cataloging records, where the only quality warrant is to correctly understand the subject matter of the artifact and effectively communicate between librarians and experts in the corresponding domain knowledge. 168 the demand for such high quality and well-managed catalogs has increased on the web. although current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 64 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 people are more accustomed to web search engines, the quality catalogs will attract not only libraries but the general web users as well (when published and consumed as linked data).169 the community must work together on metadata with publishers and vendors to approach cataloging from the user perspective and refine the skillset as well as produce quality metadata.170 as library and information science professionals, we should not only be the users of the standards , instead, we must actively participate and contribute to its development and improvement so that we may effectively and efficiently connect our data with the rest of the world.171 such collaboration is required from not only the librarians and vendors but also from the users in developing an efficient cataloging environment and for a more usable bibliographic metadata, this is discussed in the next section. linking the socially curated metadata this section addresses rq03 by reviewing the state-of-the-art literature from multiple but related domains including library sciences, information sciences, information retrieval, and semantic web. the section below discusses the importance and possible impact of making socially curated metadata as part of the bibliographic or professionally curated metadata. the next section highlights why social collaborative cataloging approaches should be adopted by librarians to work with other stakeholders in making their bibliographic data available and visible as linked and open data and what is the possible impact of fusing the user-generated content with professional metadata and making it available as linked and open data. the socially curated metadata matters in cataloging conventional libraries have clear and well-established classification and cataloging schemes but these are as challenging to learn, understand, and apply as they are slow and painful to consume.172 using computers to retrieve bibliographic records resulted in the massive usage of copy cataloging.173 however, adopting this practice is challenging, because these records are inconsistent; incomplete; less visible, granular, and discoverable; unable to integrate metadata and content to the corresponding records; difficult to preserve with new and usable format for the consumption by users and machines; and not supportive towards integrating the user-generated content into the cataloging records.174 the university of illinois library, through its vufind service, offers extra features to enhance the search and exploration experience of end users by providing a book’s cover image, table of contents, abstracts, reviews, comments, and user tags.175 users can contribute content such as tags, reviews, comments, and recommend books to friends. h owever, it is necessary to research whether this user-generated content should be integrated to or preserved along the bibliographic records.176 in their book, alemu and stevens mentioned several advantages of making user-generated content as part of the library catalogs.177 these include (i) enhancing the functionality of professionallycurated metadata by making information objects findable and discoverable; (ii) removing the limitations posed by sufficiency and necessity principles of the professionally-curated metadata; (iii) bringing users closer to the library by “pro-actively engaging” them in ratings, tagging, and reviewing, etc., provided that users are also involved in managing and controlling metadata entries; and (iv) the resulting “wisdom of the crowd” would benefit all the stakeholders from this massively growing socially-curated metadata. however, this combination can only be utilized optimally if we can semantically and contextually link it to the internal and external resources; the resulting metadata is openly accessed, shared, and reused; users are supported in easily adding information technology and libraries | december 2018 65 the metadata and made part of the quality control by enabling them to report spamming activities to the metadata experts.178 librarything for libraries (ltfl) makes a library catalog more informative and interactive by enhancing opac, providing access to professional and social metadata, and enabling them to search, browse, and discover library holdings in a more engaging way (https://www.librarything.com/forlibraries). it is one of the practical examples of enriching library catalogs with user-generated content. this trend of merging social and professional metadata innovates library cataloging by dissolving the borders between “social sphere” and library resources.179 the social media has expanded library into social spaces by exploiting tags and tag clouds as navigational tools and enriching the bibliographic descriptions by integrating the user-generated content.180 it bridges the communication gaps between the library and its users, where users take active participation in resource description, discovery, and access. 181 the potential role of the socially curated metadata in resource description, discovery, and access is also evident from the long long-tail social book search research under the initiative for xml retrieval (inex) where both professionally curated bibliographic and user-generated social metadata are exploited for retrieval and recommendation to support both known-item as well as exploratory search.182 by experimenting with amazon/librarything datasets of 2.8 million book records, containing both professional and social metadata, the results conclude that enriching the professional metadata with social metadata especially tags significantly improves search and recommendation.183 koolen also noticed that the social metadata especially tags and reviews significantly improve the search performance as professionally curated metadata is “often too limited” to describe books resourcefully.184 users add socially curated metadata with the intention of making resource re-findable during a future visit, i.e., they add metadata such as tags to facilitate themselves and allow other similar users in resource discovery and access, and therefore, form a community around the resource.185 clements found user tags (social tagging) beneficial for librarians while browsing and exploring the library catalogs.186 to some librarians, tags are complementary to controlled vocabulary; however, training issues and lack of awareness of social tagging functionality in cataloging interfaces prevent their perceived benefit.187 the socially curated metadata as linked data metadata is socially constructed.188 it is shaping and shaped by the context in which it is developed and applied, and demands community-driven approaches, where data should be looked at from a holistic point of view rather than considering them as discrete (individual) semantic units.189 the library is adopting the collaborative social aspect of cataloging that will take place between authors, repository managers, libraries, e-collection consortiums, publishers, and vendors.190 librarians should improve their cataloging skills in line with the advances in technology to expose and make visible their bibliographic metadata as linked and open data.191 currently, linked library data is generated and used by library professionals. socially constructed metadata will act as a value-added in retrieving knowledge artifacts with precision.192 the addition of socially constructed and community-driven metadata in current metadata structures, controlled vocabularies, and classification systems provide the holistic view of these structures as they add the community-generated sense to the professionally-curated metadata structures.193 an https://www.librarything.com/forlibraries current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 66 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 example of the possibilities of making user-generated content as part of cataloging and linked open data is the semantic book mashup (see “consuming linked bibliographic metadata” above) which demonstrates how the commercially [and socially] curated metadata could be retriev ed and linked with bibliographic descriptions.194 while enumerating the possible applications of this mashup, they argue that book reviews from different websites could be aggregated using linked data principles by extending the review class of bibframe 2.0.195 from the analysis of twenty-one in-depth interviews with lis professionals, alemu discovered four metadata principles, namely metadata enrichment, linkage, openness, and filtering.196 this analysis revealed that the absence of socially curated metadata is sub-optimal for the potential of lod in libraries.197 their analysis advocates for a mixed-metadata approach, in which social metadata (tags, ratings, and reviews) augments the bibliographic metadata by involving users proactively and by offering a social collaborative cataloging platform. the metadata principles should be reconceptualized, and linked data should be exploited to address the existing library metadata challenges. therefore, the current efforts in linked data should fully consider social metadata.198 library catalogs should be enriched by mixing the professional and social metadata as well as semantically and contextually interlinked to internal and external information resources to be optimally used in different application scenarios.199 to fully exploit this linkage, the duplication of metadata should be reduced. it must be made openly accessible so that its sharing, reuse, mixing, and matching could be made possible. the enriched metadata must be filtered per user requirements using an interface that is flexible, personalized, contextual, and reconfigurable.200 their analysis suggests a “paradigm shift” in metadata’s future, i.e., from simple to enriched; from disconnected, invisible and locked to well-structured, machine-understandable, interconnected, visible, and more visualized metadata; and from single opac interface to reconfigurable and adaptive metadata interfaces.201 by involving users in the metadata curation process, the mixed approach will bring diversity in metadata and make resources discoverable, usable, and user-centric with the wider and well-supported platform of linked and open data.202 in conclusion, the fusion of socially curated metadata with the standards-based professional metadata is essential from the perspective of the user-centric paradigm of cataloging, which has the potential to aid resource discovery and access and open new opportunities for information scientists working in linked and open data as well as catalogers who are transiting to the web of data to make their metadata visible, reusable, and linkable to other resources on the web. from the analysis and scholarly discussions of alemu, stevens, farnel, and others as well as from the initial experiments of kalou et al.203 it becomes apparent that the application of linked data principles for library catalogs is future-proof and promising towards more user-friendly search and exploration experience with efficient resource description, discovery, access, and recommendations. conclusions in this paper, we presented a brief yet holistic review of the current state of linked and open data in cataloging. the paper identified the potentials of lod and lov in making the bibliographic descriptions publishable, linkable, and consumable on the web. several prominent challenges, issues, and future research avenues were identified and discussed. the potential role of sociallycurated metadata for enriching library catalogs and the collaborative social aspect of cataloging were highlighted. some of the notable points include the following: information technology and libraries | december 2018 67 • publishing, linking, and consuming bibliographic metadata on the web using linked data principles brings several benefits for libraries.204 the library community should improve their skills regarding this paradigm shift and adopt the best practices from other domains.205 • standards have a key role in cataloging, however, we are living in a “jungle of metadata standards” with varying complexity and scale, which makes it difficult to select, apply and work with.206 to be part of global scale activity of making bibliographic data available on the web as linked and open data, these standards should be considered and reenvisioned.207 • the quality of bibliographic metadata depends on several factors including accuracy, completeness, logical consistency, provenance, coherence, timeliness, conformance and accessibility.208 however, achieving these characteristics is challenging because of several reasons including cataloging errors; limited bibliographic control; misunderstanding the role of metadata; and “unwise” cataloging standards and policies.209 to ensure high-quality and make data visible and reusable as linked data, the library community should contribute to developing and refining these standards and policies. 210 • metadata is socially constructed and demands community-driven approaches and the social collaborative aspect of cataloging by involving authors, repository managers, librarians, digital collection consortiums, publishers, vendors, and users.211 this is an emerging trend, which is gradually dissolving the borders between the “social sphere” and library resources and bridging the communication gap between libraries and their users, where end users contribute to the bibliographic descriptions resulting in a diversity of metadata and making it user-centric and usable.212 • adopting a “mixed-metadata approach” by considering bibliographic metadata and the user-generated content complementary and essential for each other suggests a “paradigm shift” in the metadata’s future from simple to enriched; from human-readable data silos to machine understandable, well-structured, and reusable; from invisible and restricted to visible and open; and from single opac to reconfigurable interfaces on the web.213 several researchers including the ones cited in this article agree that the professionally curated bibliographic metadata supports mostly the known-item search and has little value to open and exploratory search and browsing. they believe that not only the collaborative social efforts of the cataloging community are essential but also the socially curated metadata, which can be used to enrich bibliographic metadata and support exploration and serendipity. this is not only evident from the wider usage of librarything and its ltfl but also from the long-tail inex social book search research where both professionally curated bibliographic and user-generated social metadata are exploited for retrieval and recommendation to support both known-item as well as exploratory search.214 therefore, this aspect should be considered for further research to make cataloging more useful for all the stakeholders including libraries, users, authors, publishers, and for the general consumption as linked data on the web. the current trend of social collaborative cataloging efforts is essential to fully exploit the potential of linked open data. however, if we look closely, we find four groups including librarians, linked data experts, information retrieval (ir) and interactive ir researchers; and users, all going on their separate ways with minimal collaboration and communication. more specifically, they are not benefiting from each other to a greater extent, which could result in better possibilities of current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 68 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 resource description, discovery, and access. for example, the library community should consider the findings of inex sbs track, which have demonstrated that professional and social metadata, are essential for each other to facilitate end users in resource discovery and access and support not only known-item search but also exploration and serendipity. the current practices of librarything, ltfl, and social web in general advocate for user-centric cataloging, where users are not only the consumers of bibliographic descriptions but also the contributors to metadata enrichment. linked open data experts have achieved significant milestones in other domains including, e.g., e-government, they should understand the cataloging and resource discovery & access practices in libraries to make the bibliographic metadata not only visible as linked data on the web but also shareable, re-usable, and beneficial to the end-users. the social collaborative cataloging approach by involving the four mentioned groups actively is significant to make bibliographic descriptions more useful not only for the library community and users but also for their consumption on the web as linked and open data. together we can, and we must. references 1 maría hallo et al., “current state of linked data in digital libraries,” journal of information science 42, no. 2 (2016):117–27, https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551515594729. 2 tim berners-lee, “design issues: linked data,” w3c, 2006, updated june18, 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2018, https://www.ifla.org/node/2016. 27 tosaka, “rda,” 651, 652, 655. 28 michael john khoo et al., “augmenting dublin core digital library metadata with dewey decimal classification,” journal of documentation 71, no. 5 (2015): 976–98. https://doi.org/10.1108/jd-07-2014-0103; ulli waltinger et al., “hierarchical classification of oai metadata using the ddc taxonomy,” in advanced language technologies for digital libraries, edited by raffaella bernardi, frederique segond and ilya zaihrayeu. lecture notes in computer science (lncs), 29–40: springer, berlin, heidelberg, 2011; aaron krowne and martin halbert, “an initial evaluation of automated organization for digital library browsing,” paper presented at the proceedings of the 5th acm/ieee-cs joint conference on digital libraries, denver, co, usa, june 7–11, 2005 2005; waltinger, “ddc taxonomy,” 30. 29 khoo, “dublin core,” 977, 984 . 30 loc, “marc standards: marc21 formats,” library of congress (loc), 2013, updated march 14, 2013, accessed january 2, 2014, http://www.loc.gov/marc/marcdocz.html. 31 philip e schreur, “linked data for production and the program for cooperative cataloging,” pcc policy committee meeting, 2017, accessed may 18, 2018, https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/documents/facil-session-2017/pcc_and_ld4p.pdf. 32 sarah bull and amanda quimby, “a renaissance in library metadata? the importance of community collaboration in a digital world,” insights 29, no. 2 (2016): 146–53, http://doi.org/10.1629/uksg.302. 33 philip e. schreur, “linked data for production,” pcc policy committee meeting, 2015, accessed november 09, 2018, https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/documents/pcc-ld4p.docx. 34 vandenbussche, “linked open vocabularies,” 437, 438, 450. 35 hallo, “current state,” 120. 36 hallo, “current state,” 118. 37 hallo, “current state,” 120, 124. https://access.rdatoolkit.org/ http://www.ala.org/ http://cfla-fcab.ca/en/home-page http://cfla-fcab.ca/en/home-page http://www.facetpublishing.co.uk/ https://www.ifla.org/node/2016 https://doi.org/10.1108/jd-07-2014-0103 http://www.loc.gov/marc/marcdocz.html https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/documents/facil-session-2017/pcc_and_ld4p.pdf http://doi.org/10.1629/uksg.302 https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/documents/pcc-ld4p.docx information technology and libraries | december 2018 71 38 hallo, “current state,” 120, 124. 39 hallo, “current state,” 124. 40 bull, “community collaboration,” 147. 41 sam gyun oh, myongho yi, and wonghong jang, “deploying linked open vocabulary (lov) to enhance library linked data,” journal of information science theory and practice 2, no. 2 (2015): 6–15, http://dx.doi.org/10.1633/jistap.2015.3.2.1. 42 carlo bianchini and mauro guerrini, “a turning point for catalogs: ranganathan’s possible point of view,” cataloging & classification quarterly 53, no. 3-4 (2015): 341–51, http://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2014.968273. 43 bianchini, “turning point,” 350. 44 loc, “library of congress linked data service,” the library of congress, accessed march 24, 2018, http://id.loc.gov/about/. 45 loc, “linked data service.” 46 loc, “linked data service.” 47 loc, “linked data service.” 48 loc, “linked data service.” 49 margaret e dull, “moving metadata forward with bibframe: an interview with rebecca guenther,” serials review 42, no. 1 (2016): 65–69, https://doi.org/10.1080/00987913.2016.1141032. 50 loc, “overview of the bibframe 2.0 model,” library of congress, april 21, 2016, accessed november 09, 2018, https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/docs/bibframe2-model.html. 51 taniguchi, “bibframe 2.0,” 388; taniguchi, “suitable schema,” 40. 52 oclc. 2016, “oclc linked data research,” online computer library center (oclc), https://www.oclc.org/research/themes/data-science/linkeddata.html. 53 oclc, “linked data research.” 54 jeff mister, “turning bibliographic metadata into actionable knowledge,” next blog—oclc, february 29, 2016, http://www.oclc.org/blog/main/turning-bibliographic-metadata-intoactionable-knowledge/. 55 mister, “turning bibliographic metadata.” 56 george campbell, karen coombs, and hank sway, “oclc linked data,” oclc developer network, march 26, 2018, https://www.oclc.org/developer/develop/linked-data.en.html. 57 campbell, “oclc linked data.” http://dx.doi.org/10.1633/jistap.2015.3.2.1 http://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2014.968273 http://id.loc.gov/about/ https://doi.org/10.1080/00987913.2016.1141032 https://www.loc.gov/bibframe/docs/bibframe2-model.html https://www.oclc.org/research/themes/data-science/linkeddata.html http://www.oclc.org/blog/main/turning-bibliographic-metadata-into-actionable-knowledge/ http://www.oclc.org/blog/main/turning-bibliographic-metadata-into-actionable-knowledge/ https://www.oclc.org/developer/develop/linked-data.en.html current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 72 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 58 roy tennant, “getting started with linked data,” next blog—oclc, february 8, 2016, http://www.oclc.org/blog/main/getting-started-with-linked-data-3/. 59 tennant, “linked data.” 60 dblp, “dblp computer science bibliography: frequently asked questions,” digital bibliography & library project (dblp), updated november 07, 2018, accessed 08 november 2018. http://dblp.uni-trier.de/faq/. 61 dblp, “frequently asked questions.” 62 jörg diederich, wolf-tilo balke, and uwe thaden, “demonstrating the semantic growbag: automatically creating topic facets for faceteddblp,” paper presented at the proceedings of the 7th acm/ieee-cs joint conference on digital libraries, vancouver, canada, june 17–22, 2007. 63 jörg diederich, wolf-tilo balke, and uwe thaden, “about faceteddblp,” 2018, accessed november 09, 2018, http://dblp.l3s.de/dblp++.php. 64 tennant, “linked data.” 65 in this section, lov catalog or portal refers to the lov platform available at http://lov.okfn.org/dataset/lov/, whereas the abbreviation lov, when used alone (without the term catalog/portal), refers to linked open vocabularies in general; vandenbussche, “linked open vocabularies,” 437. 66 vandenbussche, “linked open vocabularies,” 443, 450. 67 vandenbussche, “linked open vocabularies,” 437. 68 vandenbussche, “linked open vocabularies,” 437, 438, 450. 69 vandenbussche, “linked open vocabularies,” 438. 70 vandenbussche, “linked open vocabularies,” 437, 438, 443–46. 71 baker thomas, pierre-yves vandenbussche, and bernard vatant, “requirements for vocabulary preservation and governance,” library hi tech 31, no. 4 (2013): 657–68, https://doi.org/10.1108/lht-03-2013-0027. 72 thomas, “vocabulary preservation,” 658. 73 oh, “deploying,” 9. 74 oh, “deploying,” 9. 75 oh, “deploying,” 9, 10. http://www.oclc.org/blog/main/getting-started-with-linked-data-3/ http://dblp.uni-trier.de/faq/ http://dblp.l3s.de/dblp++.php http://lov.okfn.org/dataset/lov/ https://doi.org/10.1108/lht-03-2013-0027 information technology and libraries | december 2018 73 76 erik radio and scott hanrath, “measuring the impact and effectiveness of transitioning to a linked data vocabulary,” journal of library metadata 16, no. 2 (2016): 80–94, https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2016.1215734. 77 radio, transitioning,” 81. 78 robert, “strings to things,” 2. 79 robert, “strings to things,” 2, 4, 6. 80 vandenbussche, “linked open vocabularies,” 438. 81 as of april 23, 2018, the schema.org vocabulary is now available at http://lov.okfn.org/dataset/lov/; alberto nogales et al., “linking from schema.org microdata to the web of linked data: an empirical assessment,” computer standards & interfaces 45 (2016): 90-99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csi.2015.12.003. 82 bull, “community collaboration,” 146. 83 bull, “community collaboration,” 146. 84 bull, “community collaboration,” 147. 85 bull, “community collaboration,” 147. 86 bull, “community collaboration,” 147, 148. 87 schreur, 2015. linked data for production. 88 yhna therese p. santos, “resource description and access in the eyes of the filipino librarian: perceived advantages and disadvantages,” journal of library metadata 18, no. 1 (2017): 45–56, https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2017.1401869. 89 santos, “filipino librarian,” 51–55. 90 philomena w. mwaniki, “envisioning the future role of librarians: skills, services and information resources,” library management 39, no. 1, 2 (2018): 2–11, https://doi.org/10.1108/lm-01-2017-0001. 91 mwaniki, “envisioning the future,” 7, 8. 92 taniguchi, “bibframe 2.0,” 410, 411 . 93 taniguchi, “suitable schema,” 52–58 . 94 taniguchi, “suitable schema,” 59, 60. 95 taniguchi, “suitable schema,” 60. 96 sprochi, “where are we headed?,” 129, 134. https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2016.1215734 http://lov.okfn.org/dataset/lov/ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csi.2015.12.003 https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2017.1401869 https://doi.org/10.1108/lm-01-2017-0001 current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 74 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 97 sprochi, “where are we headed?,” 129. 98 sprochi, “where are we headed?,” 134. 99 sprochi, “where are we headed?,” 134. 100 sprochi, “where are we headed?,” 134, 135. 101 sprochi, “where are we headed?,” 134. 102 caitlin tillman, joseph hafner, and sharon farnel, “forming the canadian linked data initiative,” paper presented at the the 37th international association of scientific and technological university libraries 2016 (iatul 2016) conference, dalhousie university libraries in halifax, nova scotia, june 5–9, 2016. 103 carol jean godby, shenghui wang, and jeffrey k mixter, library linked data in the cloud: oclc's experiments with new models of resource description. vol. 5, synthesis lectures on the semantic web: theory and technology, san rafael, california (usa),morgan & claypool publishers, 2015, https://doi.org/10.2200/s00620ed1v01y201412wbe012. 104 sofia zapounidou, michalis sfakakis, and christos papatheodorou, “highlights of library data models in the era of linked open data,” paper presented at the the 7th metadata and semantics research conference, mtsr 2013, thessaloniki, greece, november 19 –22, 2013; timothy w. cole et al., “library marc records into linked open data: challenges and opportunities,” journal of library metadata 13, no. 2–3 (2013): 163–96, https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2013.826074; kim tallerås, “from many records to one graph: heterogeneity conflicts in the linked data restructuring cycle, information research 18, no. 3 (2013) paper c18, accessed november 10, 2018. 105 fabiano ferreira de castro, “functional requirements for bibliographic description in digital environments,” transinformação 28, no. 2 (2016): 223–31. https://doi.org/10.1590/231808892016000200008. 106 castro, “functional requirements,” 223, 224. 107 castro, “functional requirements,” 224, 230. 108 castro, “functional requirements,” 223, 228–30. 109 gardašević, “possibilities and prospects,” 35. 110 godby, oclc's experiments, 112. 111 gonzales, “the future,” 17. 112 karim tharani, “linked data in libraries: a case study of harvesting and sharing bibliographic metadata with bibframe,” information technology and libraries 34, no. 1 (2015): 5–15. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v34i1.5664. 113 tharani, “harvesting and sharing,” 16. https://doi.org/10.2200/s00620ed1v01y201412wbe012 https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2013.826074 https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-08892016000200008 https://doi.org/10.1590/2318-08892016000200008 https://doi.org/https:/doi.org/10.6017/ital.v34i1.5664 information technology and libraries | december 2018 75 114 gonzales, “the future,” 16. 115 karen smith-yoshimura, “analysis of international linked data survey for implementers,” dlib magazine, 2016, july/august 2016. 116 smith-yoshimura, “analysis.” 117 smith-yoshimura, “analysis.” 118 aikaterini k. kalou, dimitrios a. koutsomitropoulos, and georgia d. solomou, “combining the best of both worlds: a semantic web book mashup as a linked data service over cms infrastructure,” journal of library metadata 16, no. 3–4 (2016): 228–49, https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2016.1258897. 119 cole, “marc,” 163, 165, 175. 120 cole, “marc,” 163, 164, 191. 121 cole, “marc,” 164, 191. 122 ifla, “linked open data: challenges arising,” the international federation of library associations and institutions (ifla), 2014, accessed march 03, 2018, https://www.ifla.org/book/export/html/8548. 123 hallo, “current state,” 124. 124 hallo, “current state,” 126. 125 hallo, “current state,” 124. 126 karen smith-yoshimura, “linked data survey results 4–why and what institutions are publishing (updated),” hanging together the oclc research blog, september 3, 2014, accessed november 12, 2018, https://hangingtogether.org/?p=4167. 127 bull, “community collaboration,” 148. 128 tallerås, “one graph.” 129 karen smith-yoshimura, “linked data survey results 3–why and what institutions are consuming (updated),” hanging together the oclc research blog, september 1, 2014, accessed november 12, 2018, http://hangingtogether.org/?p=4155. 130 godby, oclc’s experiments, 116. 131 carol jean godby and karen smith‐yoshimura, “from records to things: managing the transition from legacy library metadata to linked data,” bulletin of the association for information science and technology 43, no. 2 (2017): 18–23, https://doi.org/10.1002/bul2.2017.1720430209. 132 godby, “from records to things,” 23. https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2016.1258897 https://www.ifla.org/book/export/html/8548 https://hangingtogether.org/?p=4167 http://hangingtogether.org/?p=4155 https://doi.org/10.1002/bul2.2017.1720430209 current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 76 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 133 godby, “from records to things,” 22. 134 vandenbussche, “linked open vocabularies,” 449, 450. 135 silvia b. southwick, cory k lampert, and richard southwick, “preparing controlled vocabularies for linked data: benefits and challenges,” journal of library metadata 15, no. 3–4 (2015): 177–190, https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2015.1099983. 136 southwick, “controlled vocabularies,” 177. 137 southwick, “controlled vocabularies,” 189, 190. 138 southwick, “controlled vocabularies,” 183. 139 robin hastings, “feature: linked data in libraries: status and future direction,” computers in libraries (magzine article), 2015, http://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/nov15/hastings-linked-data-in-libraries.shtml. 140 hastings, “status and future.” 141 hastings, “status and future.” 142 hastings, “status and future.” 143 hastings, “status and future.” 144 tallerås, “national libraries,” 129 (by quoting from van hooland 2009; wang and strong 1996). 145 jung-ran park, “metadata quality in digital repositories: a survey of the current state of the art,” cataloging & classification quarterly 47, no. 3–4 (2009): 213–28, https://doi.org/10.1080/01639370902737240. 146 tallerås, “national libraries,” 129 (by quoting from bruce & hillmann, 2004). 147 park, “metadata quality,” 213, 224; tallerås, “national libraries,” 129, 150. 148 park, “metadata quality,” 213, 215, 218–21, 224, 225; tallerås, “national libraries,” 141. 149 tallerås, “national libraries,” 129. 150 tallerås, “national libraries,” 129. 151 tallerås, “national libraries,” 129. 152 karen snow, “defining, assessing, and rethinking quality cataloging,” cataloging & classification quarterly 55, no. 7–8 (2017): 438–55, https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2017.1350774. 153 snow, “quality cataloging,” 445. 154 snow, “quality cataloging,” 451, 452. https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2015.1099983 http://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/nov15/hastings--linked-data-in-libraries.shtml http://www.infotoday.com/cilmag/nov15/hastings--linked-data-in-libraries.shtml https://doi.org/10.1080/01639370902737240 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2017.1350774 information technology and libraries | december 2018 77 155 david van kleeck et al., “managing bibliographic data quality for electronic resources,” cataloging & classification quarterly 55, no. 7-8 (2017): 560–77, https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2017.1350777. 156 van kleeck, “data quality,” 560, 575, 576. 157 van kleeck, “data quality,” 575. 158 park, “metadata quality,” 214, 216–18, 225. 159 niso, a framework of guidance for building good digital collections, ed. niso framework advisory group, 3rd ed (baltimore, md: national information standards organization, 2007), https://www.niso.org/sites/default/files/2017-08/framework3.pdf. 160 park, “metadata quality,” 214, 215; niso. guidance; jane barton, sarah currier, and jessie mn hey, “building quality assurance into metadata creation: an analysis based on the learning objects and e-prints communities of practice,” paper presented at the proceedings of the international conference on dublin core and metadata applications: supporting communities of discourse and practice—metadata research & applications, seattle, washington, september 28–october 2, 2003. 161 pascal hitzler and krzysztof janowicz, “linked data, 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https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2014.1003669 https://doi.org/10.1353/lib.2012.0025 current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 78 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 174 han, “bibliographic control,” 169–71. 175 han, “bibliographic control,” 163. 176 han, “bibliographic control,” 167–70. 177 alemu, emergent theory, 29–33, 43–65. 178 alemu, emergent theory, 29–65. 179 lorri mon, social media and library services, synthesis lectures on information concepts, retrieval, and services, ed. gary marchionini, 40, san rafael, california (usa), morgan & claypool publishers, 2015), https://doi.org/10.2200/s00634ed1v01y201503icr040. 180 mon, social media, 50. 181 mon, social media, 24. 182 marijn koolen et al., “overview of the clef 2016 social book search lab,” paper presented at the 7th international conference of the cross-language evaluation forum for european languages, évora, portugal, september 5–8, 2016; koolen et al., “overview of the clef 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libraries | december 2018 79 188 sharon farnel, “understanding community appropriate metadata through bernstein’s theory of language codes,” journal of library metadata 17, no. 1 (2017): 5–18, https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2017.1285141. 189 farnel, “bernstein’s theory,” 5, 6. 190 mwaniki, “envisioning the future,” 8. 191 mwaniki, “envisioning the future,” 8, 9. 192 getaneh alemu et al., “toward an emerging principle of linking socially-constructed metadata,” journal of library metadata 14, no. 2 (2014): 103–29, https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2014.914775. 193 farnel, “bernstein’s theory,” 15–16. 194 kalou, “book mashup.” 195 kalou, “book mashup,” 242, 243. 196 alemu, “socially-constructed metadata,” 103, 107. 197 alemu, “socially-constructed metadata,” 103. 198 alemu, “socially-constructed metadata,” 103, 104, 120, 121. 199 getaneh alemu, “a theory of metadata enriching and filtering: challenges and opportunities to implementation,” qualitative and quantitative methods in libraries 5, no. 2 (2017): 311–34, http://www.qqml-journal.net/index.php/qqml/article/view/343 200 alemu, “metadata enriching and filtering,” 311. 201 alemu, “socially-constructed metadata,” 125. 202 alemu, “metadata enriching and filtering,” 319, 320. 203 alemu, “metadata enriching and filtering”; alemu, emergent theory; alemu, “sociallyconstructed metadata”; farnel, “bernstein's theory”; kalou, “book mashup.” 204 hallo, “current state,” 120. 205 alemu, “socially-constructed metadata,” 125; hastings, “status and future.” 206 bull, “community collaboration,” 147. 207 bull, “community collaboration,” 152; bull, “community collaboration,” 152; schreur, 2015. linked data for production. 208 tallerås, “national libraries,” 129. 209 petrucciani, “quality,” 303, 309. https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2017.1285141 https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2014.914775 http://www.qqml-journal.net/index.php/qqml/article/view/343 current state of linked and open data in cataloging | ullah, khusro, ullah, and naeem 80 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 210 bull, “community collaboration,” 147, 152. 211 farnel, “bernstein's theory,” 5, 6, 12, 13, 15, 16; mwaniki, “envisioning the future,” 8. 212 mon, social media, 3; alemu, “metadata enriching and filtering,” 320. 213 alemu, “socially-constructed metadata,” 125. 214 koolen, “clef 2016”; koolen, “clef 2015”; bellot, “inex 2014”; bellot, “inex 2013.” abstract introduction the role of linked open data and vocabularies in cataloging linked and open data linked open vocabularies challenges, issues, and research opportunities the multiplicity of cataloging rules and standards publishing and consuming linked bibliographic metadata publishing linked bibliographic metadata consuming linked bibliographic metadata quality of linked bibliographic metadata linking the socially curated metadata the socially curated metadata matters in cataloging the socially curated metadata as linked data conclusions references college and research libraries the technical services division in libraries: a symposium t he rapid development of technical services (or processes) divisions in american libraries has been of interest to many administrators. the following six papers and summary, prepared for the program of june r8, 1948, of the division of cataloging and classification, at atlantic city, n.j., were abridged and edited for use in college and research libraries. mr. cohen is senior cataloger, rutgers university; mr. custer, assistant librarian in charge of processing, detroit public library ; miss brown, head of processing, brookline public library, mass.; mr. kilpatrick, associate director of libraries, state university of iowa; miss kenny, chief of technical services division, brooklyn college library; miss winter, assistant librarian, u.s. bureau of the budget library; and dr. logdson, assistant director of libraries (technical services), columbia university libraries.~the editor. by joseph lorence cohen a general consideration of the technical services division in libraries two provocative articles which have appeared in recent library literature are "midwest reaches for the stars," by ralph ellsworth and norman kilpatrick1 and " the catalog department in the library organization," by raynard c. swank. 2 both of these papers discuss current and possible library organizational techniques. they have a point in common which is the basis for the topic under review, namely, cooperation and centralization in the area of librarianship commonly called the technical processes or services. ellsworth and kilpatrick propose an interlibrary cooper"ative program whereby acquisitions and cataloging would be centralized in a regional l'ibrary 1unit. swank is concerned with centralization of acquisitional work and other processing activities in a single library. the trend toward the unification of order work and cataloging is a recent one. so widely has it grown in its short history of about ten years that our thinking in regard to the division or dep a rtment of technical 1 co llege and research libraries 9 :136·44, a p ril 1948. 2 library. q1tarterly 18 : 24-3 2, j a nuary i 948 . services now . probably overshadows many other topics in librarianship. the technical services may be considered · as all of those processes . which incorporate ,into a library collection any items selected for it. books and films , broadsides and serials, recordings and maps , after being acquired, must be cataloged, classified, stored, bound , shelved in order to be of use to the library's public. in view of the increase in the size and scope of library collections, these procedures have been judged of such a nature as to make it more efficient for libraries to consider them within a centralized unit. reference may be made here to swank's analysis of the relationship between the acquisition and cataloging departments of libraries. he notes the following four points: first, the catalog and acquisition departments bear a historical relationship to each othe-r in that they existed fir st .... second, the acquisitional and cataloging processes bear a sequential relationship to each other. they comprise the first and second steps in a sequence of processes of which the end result is a book in the reader's hand ...• 46 college and research libraries third, ... the catalog and acquisition departments are alike in that neither meets the public to any extent .... finally, there are similarities in the kind of work done in the catalog and acquisition departments. we call them "technical" departments, meaning ... that their modal or typical operations are more formal, detailed, and susceptible to codification than those of the service departments, or that a larger amount of subprofessional or mechanical processes is carried on. this paper will not attempt, for the most part, to evaluate the unified "technical services division," but rather to report statistical data obtained by a questionnaire last spring from a group of libraries. twenty-six libraries have thus far completed the rather extensive questionnaire. the information provided by them serves as the basis for the discussion which follows. consideration is given to: (i) the incidence and size of libraries having technical services divisions, ( 2) the reasons for establishing them, (3) aspects of their organization and personnel, and (4) some of the observed effects of reorganization upon readers' services.3 incidence from the responses to the original letter it was discove,red that there are forty-seven libraries which have had a technical services division established. these libraries are located in twenty-three states, washington, d.c., and in hawaii, with a concentration in the northeast and in the midwest. of these forty-seven libraries, eighteen are public libraries, four governmental libraries, six colup of fifteen college and eleven university libraries. the twenty-six libraries whose ,questionnaires have been analyzed are made up of fifteen colleges and eleven university libraries (these sixteen will hereafter be considered together) and nine public and one state library (these ten libraries will also be considered together). the book stock of these twenty-six libraries varies from 3200 volumes to more than 2,ooo,ooo. the public libraries range hom 39,000 to the 2,ooo,ooo volumes, with ·seven of these ten libraries well over the . 200,000 mark. the college and university s ibid., p. 25. .january~ 1949 libraries have collections ranging from 3200 to 1,65o,ooo, with eleven of these sixteen libraries over the 200,000 volume mark. the question has arisen as to whether book stock size has any effect upon the establishment of a technical services division. the above statistics reveal that it has little effect. circulation figures also do not seem to have any direct relation. ·the annual circulation figures of the libraries vary from 3500 to almost io,ooo,ooo. the technical services divisions are recent developments. of the twenty-six libraries under survey, only three had their divisions established before 1941, and two of these were public libraries. the others are indeed new, most of them having been established in 1945 or 1946, and five as late as 1947-48. the names of these divisions are similar. the word "technical" appears in half of them, generally followed by "services" or "processes" department or division. the next most used term is "preparations division." one librarian disapproved of the term "process." he doubted that a preparations division is confined to technical operations and questioned "the adequacy of the term 'processing' for order work or highgrade cataloging work." reasons at this point, it may be well to inspect the reasons given for combining the various functional units into a union of the preparational act1v1t1es. four possible reasons were suggested in the questionnaire for the formation of the processing division: i:. to decrease the span of control of the head librarian 2. to increase the flow of processed material 3· to decrease the cost of processing 4· to develop cooperation among the various autonomous departments. since two libraries had a technical services division in their original organization, only twenty-four answers are available upon which to base an analysis. of the twenty-four libraries concerned, then, eighteen, or 75 per cent, considered that two of the aforementioned reasons were of equal importance and could be regarded as basic. these were reducing the span of control of the librarian and increasing the flow of material processed. after these two reasons, the third-to de47 crease the cost of processing-was thought to be a motive by about half of the libraries reporting. it may be seen that reduction of cost was not the chief reason for the development of processing divisions. only ten libraries reported that lack of cooperation was a factor that was considered as a basis for the administrative change. other reasons given for the change were: to remove personnel difficulties; to provide more mobility in personnel; to decrease the number of routines. size and organization of divisions consideration may now be given to the size of the centralized divisions. swank doubted the practicability of such a division in a medium-sized library when its total acquisitions and cataloging staff numbered anywhere from fifteen to thirty full-time people. of the twenty-six libraries under examination, five college and university libraries and two public libraries-seven in all -fall within this grouping. of the other libraries, twelve are smaller (their processing staffs averaging six), and seven are larger (their processing staffs averaging sixtythree). the largest division of these libraries has ninety-two members. it is perhaps worth noting the relative proportion of men to women who head these divisions. of the twenty-six administrators who head technical services, fifteen are women and eleven are men. in public libraries, seven women and three men head processing divisions; however, the men head the three largest units. in the college and university libraries, the control is evenly divided; eight men and eight women. the four largest divisions among these libraries have men at their helms. the educational background of all heads of processing divisions indicates adequate preparation. each of the twenty-six persons has at least the undergraduate degree, or its equivalent; . twenty-one have a graduate degree in library service, or its equivalent; and two have doctor's degrees. beyond formal educational background, nearly all the processing heads possess experience in administrative pos1t10ns. a majority at some time in their varied pasts have headed cataloging departments, a lesser number have headed acquisitions de_partments, and an unexpected number, more than 20 per cent, have had experience in teaching. so far as formal training and work experience are concerned, then, the administrators seem well prepared for the responsibilities delegated to them. the question has arisen as to what the qualifications may be of the heads of the functional departments within the processing division if a costly administrator is appointed in the hierarchy to supervise them. the questionnaire attempted to elicit information on this problem by inquiring about the training experience of the department heads. with sixteen responses on this topic it was discovered that the head cataloger, for example, is usually as well-trained as the average processing head, although possessing a more limited job experience. swank is especially doubtful of the advisability of having a head of technical processes in the mediumsized library because, as he puts it, "one must either employ mediocre department heads if a division chief is also wanted, or else do without the division chief and put everything one has into the best possible department heads .... as a general rule," he concludes, ".it may be wise to spend one's money on the department heads, lest one end with a top-heavy administration for a weak-kneed organization." 4 the seven libraries mentioned beforehand as being of the medium-sized group have heads of catalog1 ing departments with training almost identical to that of the heads of the processing divisions. although we have noted a number of details about the technical services divisions or their chiefs, none of the processes developed by these administrators has as yet been con'sidered. it will be impossible to indicate all of such processes. however, a few of the most important warrant atten. tion. in more than 87 per cent of the college and university libraries and in so per cent of the public libraries, the removal of clerical operations from the professional staff has been the step most frequently taken in changing the work of the processing. unit. perhaps we may assume from this fact that here is a legitimate reason for criticizing the cost of processing. after the separation of clerical from professional operations, the next eight most fre• ibid ., p. 26. 48 college and research libraries quently noted procedures introduced or developed by processing heads are in order of occurrence: simplified cataloging, revision of subject headings, the acquirement of new types of materials (such as films or records), the use of the multiple process slip, reclassification, simplification of billing records and procedures, blanket ordering with particular presses, and finally, the centralization of special types of materials in the main processing unit. the total .number of different technical procedures which were developed by the division administrators is nearly forty. results it was previously pointed out that technical services divisions are relatively recent, so it is difficult to test exactly what the economic results of such a new organizational unit may be. it was hoped through the questionnaire to discover whether costs of processing had been reduced, as has been generally assumed. several specific questions were asked about the numbers of items handled and personnel costs previous to the establishment of the processing division, in order to compare such figures with recent ones. however, it appears that many such statistics either were never kept, were confidential, or were ·too difficult to assemble. since a cost analysis is not possible at this time, the effects of the processing unit on readers' services will be examined. through the preliminary correspondence it was learned that of the fortyseven libraries which had technical services divisions, twelve had a unified readers' services division set up as a coordinate unit. of the twenty-six libraries with which we are concerned, ten have such divisions. however, regardless of the existence or nonexistence of a formally organized unit, nineteen of. these libraries report that readers' services in those institutions have improved because of the establishment of the technical servtces division. no negative answers were received on this point, but most of the remaining libraries indicated that it was too difficult to measure so important a change when the processing unit has been in operation for only two or three years. the improvements . most often noted are the following: ( i ) there has been a simplification in the procedures of locating in-process material; (2) there has been an increase in the amount of material processed; and ( 3) there has been simplification in the cataloging which the reference staff and readers find helpful. it may be of interest to note that two libraries, one public and one university, had had processing divisions but discontinued them. one reports its reason: the library is probably too small to attract a librarian for the job. finally, several ideas contributed by processing administrators who have organized and directed a centralized unit may be noted. one head was not convinced that preparations divisions are administratively desirable in every size and type of library; he stressed such potential disadvantages as the lack of contact between the librarian and his professional staff, or the overemphasis on the technicalities of processing rather than on the reference and service aspects of librarianship. another administrator, however, viewing the processing problem in optimistic perspective, affirmed that having a single administrator for all processing functions was advantageous from the point of view of management, efficiency, organization, and service; but he conceded that the special aims and goals of each library should determine its pattern of organization. although evidence is incomplete, there are sufficient data t6 warrant continued experimentation with this type of organization. by benjamin a. custer the large public library this analysis of the development and achievements of the technical services program in the large public library can best be january~ 1949 presented by describing the processing work in the library which i know best, the detroit public library. 49 division oj work under the librarian and the associate librarian of this institution the work is divided into five broad areas-exclusive of the maintenance of buildings and grounds-each under the supervision of an assistant librarian or the eq~ivalent, who plans, organizes, directs, and coordinates the activities of his own service, and makes policy recommendations to the librarian. briefly, the organization of the work in the five areas is as follows: the business management of the institution, under the business manager, is composed of five units which manage the financial activities of the library, purchase all supplies and equipment, maintain receiving and inventory controls, provide shipping and trucking service, operate the print shop, compile statistical data, and supervise the financial, stock inventory and statistical records activities in all departments and branches. the personnel service, under the assistant librarian for personnel, directs and coordinates the personnel activities of the library, establishing requirements for professional and clerical personnel, developing classification and pay plans, recruiting, recommending appointments, promotions, transfers, and separations, and providing employee counseling and other adjustment services. the processing service , under the assistant librarian for processing, selects in part, acquires, classifies, catalogs, and maintains the physical condition of the library's books and other printed and related materials. this s~rvice will be described in more detail later. the reference services, under the assistant librarian for reference services, are composed of thirteen subject or general service departments , divisions, and units, and a checking and switchboard service. among the reference services are the selection and preservation of the book copections required for information study, and research; the organization and maintenance of information, clipping, and pamphlet files; the preparation of bibliographies and indexes; and the provision to readers of information, and aid in the use of the library's resources. the home reading services, under the assistant librarian for home reading services, are composed of the children's department, the youth service, twenty-three branch libraries, the extension division, the home i reading department and the children's room of the main library, the schools department, the audio-visual division, and the registration, loan, and central typing bureaus. among the home reading services are the selection and organization of collections of printed and audio-visual materials for popular use; the giving of guidance to readers; the planning of activities to stimulate groups and individuals to use materials; the supplementing of programs of other educational organizations; the registration of borrowers; and the loan of books and other materials. of all the activities and services thus carried on by the library, those with which we are especially concerned here are the ones called "processing," that is, the activities concerned with acquiring, recording, and preparing for use the books, serials, periodicals, maps, pamphlets, films, and recordings which may be called collectively "library materials," as distinct from supplies and equipment. these duties are performed for the most part by three departments, book selection, catalog, and bindery. however , in some part processing activities are carried on by departments and branches throughout the system, and the assistant librarian for processing has advisory, though not supervisory, control of all these. the book selection department, known until about three years ago as the order department, has the responsibility for selecting, or assisting the public service agencies to select, library materials , and for acquiring them. the catalog department receives and certifies all purchased materials except serial publications and documents, classifies and catalogs the collections, with some fifty-eight dictionary catalogs in the system , makes and maintains inventory controls for library materials, maintains the union catalog of southeastern michigan, and makes books ready for the shelves. the bindery inspects and prepares books for binding, binds, mends, and cleans them , gilds call numbers, and performs related miscellaneous jobs. it is the responsibility of the assistant librarian-let us call him hereafter the director of processing-to supervise and coordinate these activities, to simplify routines and expedite the flow of work, to reconcile the so college and research libraries inconsistencies and irregularities o£ the dewey classification with the needs of a departmentalized library, to establish standards of cataloging for reference and popular services, and to recommend policy on these matters to the librarian. he also serves, with the other assistant librarians and the associate librarian, as a member of the librarian's administrative coqncil~ or "cabinet," in the establishment of general institution procedures and organization. in a large library there are many opportunities for the development of coordinated effort. wi'thin the purview of the direct9r of processing the following, among others, might be cited: coordination between the catalog, and book selection departments, between the catalog department and the bindery, between each of the processing departments and the various public service agencies. let us consider an example or so from each of these. of paramount importance perhaps is the development of coordinated effort between the book selection and catalog departments. no library could run smoothly without some degree of cooperation here, and one of the more interesting steps taken in this direction at the detroit public library was initiated before the directorship of processing was established and the present incumbent assumed the position. this was the transfer from the book selection to the catalog department of the responsibility for receiving and certifying book orders. as i have described in some detail elsewhere, 1 this change was made in the interest of sound accounting practice, but ,resulte.d in a situation where not only did ~the inater.ial flow in and through the process mo~e smoothly, but also the checking in of materials, · the approval of invoices, and the marking of agency symbols in volumes could be combined in large part with cataloging procedure and the marking of call numbers or other cataloging symbols. missing volumes, incorrectly filled orders, overdue invoices, and other such snags are returned to the book selection department for follow-up correspondence, but these represent only a small percentage of the orders placed and filled. this one step has enabled us to cut greatly the elapsed time between the receipt of branch books in the shipping 1 library lo1trnal, 73:32, january i, 1948. january~ 1949 room from the dealer and their appearance on branch shelves. time has been cut, in fact, from two or three weeks to less than one week for nonfiction, and to one or two days for fiction. combined with a prepublication approval service negotiated not long since by the book selection department, it has had the result of placing the most popular titles in branches on publication date or very shortly thereafter. a most important field for coordination of the work of the two departments is that of records of materials in process. plans have been developed for the establishment of a single process catalog, similar to that in use in a number of libraries, where will be recorded in one file all titles on order, or received and in process, up to the time when they are recorded in the library's catalogs. these plans have not yet been put into effect because of difficulties in connection with getting the necessary forms. when they are, it will be possible to guard easily against undesirable duplication of titles, to lay hands almost instantly on any title in process, and to carry on a continuous system of follow-up on all processing activiti~.-s, so that at no step may materials be pigeonholed or sidetracked. the maintenance of this catalog will be a joint effort of the two departments, whose records will be thus infegrated into one harmonious whole. at present, searching of titles before ordering is the responsibility of the service departments. it is anticipated that when the process catalog is established, if not sooner, searching will be made a responsibility of the book selection department, the service departments making certain only that titles ordered by them are not in their own catalogs. when this change is made, book selection will be expected to ascertain and note the bibliographical information available in the catalog and needed by the catalog department for handling the titles after they are received. coordination between the catalog department and the bindery is illustrated by the development of schedules for sending newly cataloged unbound books to the bindery, and of cooperative routines for the gilding of call numbers on new books. relations between units some of the most inte~esting moves m co51 ordination concern the relations between one or another of the processing departments and the various branches and service agencies. here, of course, the director of processing works in close cooperation with one or more of the other assistant librarians. as i have already hinted, book selection, while primarily the concern of the service agencies, is also carried on by the book selection department. it was in recognition of this fact that the order department was a few years ago given its present name. in the selection of books for the library's collections, this department serves primarily as an assisting and coordinating agency to the service departments. the service departments select their own books, but the book selection department assists by bringing catalogs, lists, and reviews to their attention. it also supplements the departmental selection work by watching out for those peripheral fields of knowledge which fall between or beyond the scope of the existing collections, and it has a desiderata fund for the purchase of such titles, as well as for general or expensive titles of broad scope or interest. secondarily, the department has the responsibility of viewing and judging collections as a whole, implementing the librarian's plans for future development, and advising in the formulation of collection policies. in the · selection of books for purchase for popular use in the branches and in the home reading department of the main library, the department coordinates the work of and assists the popular service librarians by arranging for the receipt of new titles on approval, by having staff members review these as needed, by assisting a committee of popular service librarians to exa)lline and vote upon specific titles not of unquestioned worth or unquestioned worthlessness, by preparing mimeographed annotated lists of titles approved for buying, by presenting the titles weekly at book meetings for branch librarians, and in general by keeping the popular service agencies advised on available materials. coo•rdination with readers services among the ways in which the work of the catalog department has been or can be coordinated with that of the service agencies are the following: special branch cataloging, as distinguished from the kind of cataloging required for the complex needs of the research library, calls not for a bibliographical but for a use approach, and use annotations on catalog cards can best be supplied by popular service librarians. in a departmentalized library such as detroit's, catalog guides are needed to lead the reader from a given department' to related materials in the other departments. we visualize ~eferences such as the following . which might be filed in the fine arts department catalog: "architecture. for works on the practical and technical aspects of building see the catalog of the technology department. the public catalog is the complete guide to material in all parts of the library." these references can be worked out only with the active assistance of the departments concerned. many of .you are familiar with the general order of the librarian of congress on gradation of cataloging for various categories of material. the detroit public library plans a similar system, but the _catalog department expects to require guidance from the departments in assigning individual titles or collections to their proper categories. as for coordination between the bindery and the service agencies: until recently all agencies sent materials for binding whenever and in as large quantities as they wished, with the result that the bindery shop was flooded, floor to ceiling, with a backlog of many thousands of volumes. by the simple expedient of assigning weekly binding quotas to each of the agencies, based on circulation, book fund, replacement problem, and the like in each agency, the backlog has been eliminated, and the binding time has been cut from an average of several months to 2-3 weeks. objectives among other objectives already attained or to be worked out are the following: a change over to the use of visible index equipment for the recording of serial information, and possibly in time the establishment of a serial unit for the acq~isition, cataloging, and servicing of serials. the possible elimination of separate departmental shelf lists. the assumption by the catalog department of the regular inventory of the main library. 52 college and research libraries the assumption by the catalog department of all the special cataloging activities previously performed in service departments, e.g. phonograph records, and books and other materials of the burton historical collection. consideration of the form of the public catalog. should the catalog be broken horizontally? should older subject headings be left unchanged, as terminologies change, with see also references to them? or · should older subject cards be eliminated altogether as more and more bibliographies are published? should the edwards catalogs and l. c. cumulative catalog be used as a primary catalog, supplemented by cards? cooperation with neighboring libraries in acquisition, cataloging, and photoduplication service. segregation of clerical duties from the assignments of professional staff members. for example, the following assignments in the catalog department have been transferred from professional hands or close professional supervision to clerical hands exclusively: discard records; searching, ordering and following up orders for l. c. cards; marking of agency name on books; routine receiving and certification of orders, exclusive of discrepancies and errors; filing; copy reading on all cards; all added copy and added volume work. it remains now to be shown how the coordination and changes in procedure outlined above, so far as they are accomplished facts and not plans for future action-as many of them still are at this time-have brought about increased production. in the past two years, new title cataloging has increase.d nearly 13 per cent per cataloger. in addition to this, with a fractional decrease in catalogers, and a i 7 per cent increase in clerical staff, the catalog depart~ent has nearly finished the making of catalogs for three new subject departments soon to be established, involving the duplication of over 350,000 cards; made a catalog for the new extension division, which had a $20,000 establishment fund to spend for books; transferred a large geology collection from nondepartmental status to the technology department; transferred the library economy materials from non-departmental status to a special collection with its own catalog. it has coped with a large increase in temporary cataloging, brought about by increased effort to release popular books promptly, combined with delay in filling l. c. card orders and discontinuance of the depository catalog. and, it now makes two sets of cards for from 75 to 8o per cent of the new titles cataloged, as compared with two sets · for from 40 to 50 per cent before cards were made for the new departmental catalogs. with no increase in staff, the book selection department's coverage of new titles published has increased by perhaps 40 per cent, and of dealers' catalogs by several hundred per cent. it has not bought more books, because funds for that purpose have not increased, but its selection problem is the greater for that very reason. the production of the bindery, with no increase in staff, has increased about 10 per cent. there is no logical point at which to end this discussion. although many things have been accomplished, much more remains to be done. and much of what has been done is so recent that beneficial results have hardly had time to appear. the only conclusion which can be drawn at the moment is that, on the basis of the partial results now known, the administration of the library is convinced that the technical services division is not a luxury, but a highly important part of modern library organization. by margaret c. brown the ~mall public library in much of our thinking and writing about the administrative consolidation of all socalled "technical ·services" we have tended usually to consider the possibilities of this type of organization for the large library. january, 1949 certainly the libraries adopting such an organization have been, with few exceptions, large public or university libraries. in studying the technical division, as it has been developed in the small library, we have fewer 53 examples upon which to draw. i have been asked to describe the organizational plan of one such small library. of those libraries which have organized all processing procedures under the direction of one staff member, the public library of brookline is undoubtedly one of the smallest. brookline's total book collection is about 200,000 volumes. this collection is distributed among the following units: the main library, three branches, three elementary schools and one high school. the library is organized along functional lines and has a staff of about thirty-five, with six members of this staff responsible directly to the librarian. these are: head of circulation department, head of reference department, head of technical services, high school librarian, head in charge of services to the schools, and head of children's department. like many a new england library with a long and venerable history-the public library of brookline is almost one hundred years old-the growth of the library's collection has been very gradual. consequently its organizational plan is as much the result of compromises with tradition as it is of clearly defined specifications. the division of technical services is no exception to this rule. over the years the duties connected with the operations we call today "technical" were assumed by various members of the staff who discharged these responsibilities in the time remaining from a schedule designed primarily to accommodate the service departments. all other duties took precedence over the behind-the-scene operations. as the library grew, however, the need for specialization became evident, and eventually there developed the departmental organization which we have today. from general staff responsibility for processing procedures there emerged four departments to carry on this work: (i) adult cataloging, responsible for the cataloging of materials for all adult services in the system, including the high school; ( 2) children and school cataloging; ( 3) ordering; ( 4) marking and binding. however, centralization remained incomplete. many of the activities which rightly belonged in one of the processing departments continued to be performed by the members of other departments. the lines of authority and responsibility were not clearly defined, and, if defined, certainly not clearly understood. the relationship between the line and staff officers was frequently a nebulous one. the need for a greater degree of centralization of all processing procedures was one consideration prompting the creation, in february of 1947, of a division of technical services. the head of this division was made responsible for all processes concerned with ordering, cataloging, mending, marking, and binding of books. the heads of the departments named above were made responsible to the head of technical services. besides the impetus toward greater centralization which it was hoped the reorganization would give, it was also felt that more conscientious planning of the work of these departments in their interrelationships would result in a more coordinated effort, greater efficiency of operation and, consequently, improved service to the public. one further consideration prompted this administrative consolidation. prior to the setting up of the division of technical services, the librarian necessarily assumed much of the responsibility for the over-all planning and directing of the processing departments. the new organization enabled the librarian to deal with one officer instead of four, and to delegate responsibility for planning and directing operations in the division to the head of technical services. at the present time, the division of te hoical services at brookline has a staff of seven professionals, five clericals, and two student assistants. as in many small public libraries, the members of the processing departments are scheduled a few hours of every week at the service desks. the time so allotted ranges from an average of five hours in the case of one cataloger, to as much as fifteen or sixteen in the case of another. for this reason, the ratio of professional to clerical, when expressed in terms of hours rather than individuals, is approximately one to one, since all clerical workers give full time to the work of the division. in the calendar year 1947, catalog records for approximately ro,ooo volumes were furnished the various libraries in the brookline system. these 10,000 volumes were represented by approximately 4500 individual sets 54 college and research libraries of catalog cards. in this same year, 3470 fact. the expenditure of effort is not convolumes were withdrawn from the collection, fined to the members of the staff directly and the number of books and pamphlets involved. the success of the reorganizaordered, exclusive of government documents, tional plan at brookline depends, to a contotaled 8472. a figure which is perhaps even siderable extent, on the cooperation and more significant than those just quoted, when understanding of every member of the staff. considering the work load of the cataloging it is the habits and thinking of the staff that departments, is the number of individual require reorganizatidh as much as any procatalogs maintained and edited by these comcedural details. it is our habits and thinkbined departments. at present writing, ten ing, of course, that are the more difficult to catalogs are the responsibility of these departreorganize. ments, and the figure promises to grow. in in brookline the very creation of the posiaddition to the dictionary catalogs, four tion of head of technical services, in itself, shelflists, duplicates of those shelflists at the has helped, i think, to clarify the lines of main library, are provided for some collecauthority and responsibility. the responsitions remote from the main library. bility for all processing procedures was placed the production figures quoted above, for in the hands of one individual; the control the first year under the new organization, over these procedures had also to pass into represent a slight increase over the previous the hands of that same individual. as was years for which comparable statistics were mentioned earlier, many details of processing available. this increase in production was were performed by various members of the effected despite various adverse circumstaff under the direction of no single indistances, the most important of which was a vidual. during the year in which the new turnover in staff that affected nine of the organization has been in existence it has been twelve positions in the division. however, possible to transfer some of these operations these production figures seem to me to be an to the appropriate department. but for lack unsafe basis for any very meaningful conof staff more would have been transferred. elusions about the benefits of the new type i think this move toward centralized operaof organizational plan over the old. there tion and control was made easier with the is not qecessarily any relationship between consolidation of all procedures under one the increased production and the reorganizaadministrator. such centralization, when tion described. an equation with too many finally completed, will undoubtedly result in variables is incapable of solution and variamore efficient operation, and until such cenbles we had. there are many factors retralization is completed no very accurate sponsible for the statistical picture. one estimates can be made of work loads, staff factor, wholly unrelated to the reorganizaneeds, or budget requirements. tion, undoubtedly affected the cataloging starthe centralization of all processing protistics for 1947. in that year purchases cedures in the hands of one person also makes were heavier than any year since 1941. it it possible for the librarian to supervise this is quite likely that, of the myriad of tasks branch of the library's operation through one that fall to · the staff of a catalog department, assistant instead of four or more. in a greater number of those performed in 1947 speaking of the type of administrative conwere capable of statistical presentation in an solidation we are discussing here, the spanannual report. of-control argument has perhaps been indeed, if we are lacking a neat statistical over-emphasized. what is usually meant by before-and-after view, what evidence can we this argument is that the librarian's span of present that this new organization at brookcontrol, through the creation of a service and line is superior, in any way, to the old? the a technical division, is reduced to two. hiorganization at brookline is in what could secting an organization into service and be described as an experimental stage of its technical divisions may be advantageous in development. it is inevitable that any recertain instances, but reducing the span of organization, while it can take place overcontrol to as low a figure as two usually night on paper, requires a much longer time can only be done at the cost of removing the and a great deal of effort before it exists in librarian yet one step further from his staff. january~ 1949 55 where possible, the librarian would seem to benefit from the counsel and reporting of five or six members of his staff who are directly in touch with the work they supervise, rather than from two staff members who themselves may be just another part of the hierarchy. the problem in brookline was not how to reduce the librarian's span of control to two, but how to reduce it t<t a manageable figure, perhaps five or six. in this instance, the library's personnel and program were such that the technical processes, rather than some other phase of the library's operation, seemed a logical administrative unit to organize under the direction of one person. furthermore, the creation of a technical services division in a library the size of brookline's would be unlikely to result in what some critics of the service-technical type of organization refer to as a top-heavy admtmstration. this cnttctsm is justified perhaps in the case of a large library organization, seldom in a small. the head of technical services in a small library can have, and should have, much greater knowledge of every aspect of the work of the division than can anyone in a similar position in a large library. in fact, the head of technical services in a small library bears a relationship to the personnel and work not unlike that of a department head in a large library. hence the danger in a small library of a top-heavy administration is not a real one. we have said that the concentration of authority cuts down on the number of individuals the librarian must consult in his administration of all technical phases of the library's operation. however, . the head of technical services must necessarily work closely, not only with the librarian, but with all department chiefs. there is no depart:.. ment in the brookline system which is not directly interested in the work of the technical services division. it is . the one department in the library which has a very direct and a very close contact with every other department. not only the librarian but the heads of each service department find it expedient, i · think, to handle all requests and complaints through one individual responsible for all operations. because alt questions of policy and procedure, no matter what service department is concerned, must go to the head of technical services, it is possible to maintain greater consistency in policy and to meet the demands of one department in the light of the needs of all. the interdepartmental relationships in brookline may be illustrated by a description of one such relationship. there is perhaps no department in whose work the head of technical services is more interested than that of the reference department. raynard c. swank, in the paper which he read before this group in san francisco, spoke of the close relationship existing between the work of the bibliographers and the work of the catalogers. swank was speaking, of course, of the organization of university and research libraries, but a similar relationship exists, on a smaller scale, even in a library the size of brookline's. · it was mentioned earlier that each member of the division gave a few hours each week to the work of some branch of readers' services. the head of technical services, through experience in the reference department, has acquired firsthand knowledge of the use of the catalog and bibliographies. in a library the size of brookline's, where departmental relationships are more informal and specialization less highly developed than in the large library, it is possible for the catalogers to become familiar with the use of the tool they are building and to know from direct experience the extent to which this tool meets, or fails to meet, the needs for which it was designed. in lieu of a staff of bibliographers which swank had in mind, the head of technical services, in cooperation with the reference department, assists, first, in building up the present bibliographical collection and secondly, in putting it into use. the first responsibility, that of acquiring the materials, is discharged by the head of technical services in her capacity as a member of the book selection committee, upon which falls the task of selecting all items for the adult collection. as part of a program to encourage the use of bibliographies, the head of technical services has developed, out of her experience in the reference department and in cooperation with the head of that department, policies designed to correlate more closely the bibliographies and the catalog. eventually it is planned that the catalog and bibliographies will be housed together, and an assistant in the catalog department be assigned a part of each day to aid the public in the use of these tools. underlying any discussion of centralization 56 college and research libraries of interrelated acttvtttes, span of control, interdepartmental relationships-in fact, almost any aspect of administration today-is the necessity for making the most efficient use possible of personnel. it is this factor of personnel which seems to be the most important argument for the organization of a technical processes division in a small public library. u rwick and other writers on administration warn us that personnel should never determine organization. ideally, no. however, it certainly influences organization, ~nd today, when planning the organization of any department of the library, particularly those concerned with processing, personnel is a most important consideration. speaking of this question of personnel in connection with the organizational problem of the small or medium-sized library, mcdiarmid and mcdiarmid write as follows: the combination of order, mending, binding, and cataloging into one technical processes department presents certain problems for the medium-sized library. in the large library, . it is possible to get sub-executives for each of these services who are technical experts. in the medium-sized library, however, it may be more necessary for the head of the department to be the technical expert in all the lines of activity.1 the authors imply that the chances of finding such a person make it inadvisable to consolidate these activities. i should like to turn this argument around the other way. in a large library the appointment of a head of technical services in no way reduces the necessity for appointing a highly-trained and experienced person as chief of the order department or the catalog department. in a small library the appointment of a capable head of technical services makes it possible to t mcdiarmid, e. w., and mcdiarmid, john. the administration of the american public library. chicago, american library association, 1943. p. ijj. appoint as ' department heads those who may have little inclination for administrative assignment or insufficient experience to perform in a policy-making capacity. or to quote swank again, "in a very small library which can afford only one first-rate person for the technical processes, the appointment of a single chief appears to be a good move." 2 as for the problem of finding a qualified person to head a technical division in a small public library, it would, in most instances, be easier to find one person with appropriate education and experience to supervise all processing departments than it would be to find three or four such individuals qualified to head each separate department. this question of personnel and assignment indicates one of the ways in which the organizational problems of a small or mediumsized library differ from those of the large library. just as the problems are not the same in all respects, so the solutions to these problems may not lie in the same organizational plan. perhaps the technical processes division as we have come to know it may not be equally adaptable to all size libraries. swank's suggested plan of organization in which the catalog department is aligned with the bibliographic services rather than the order department, is a more natural basis for coordinated activities in many libraries, particularly the university or research library. on the .other hand, in a small. library, where specialization has not been developed to the same degree as in the large library, a technical services division may prove a logical administrative unit and one to receive serious consideration in any organizational plan for a small public library. 2 swank, r. c., "the catalog department in the library organization." library quarterly 18:26, january 1948. by norman l. kilpatrick the university library this paper is not intended to be a theoretical discussion of library objectives, but an exposition of how the technical processes division of a medium-sized university library functions. however, the "why" determines 1~4nuary~ 1949 the "how," and therefore is an essential preliminary. as head of the division of technical processes ~ at the state university of iowa, i believe that the organization . of the separate 57 departments into a division preseqts unusual opportunities for the attainment of. the following three objectives which i have formulated for the division: (i) to develop . continuous professional relations with the faculty and students; (2) to collaborate and synchronize its work with the division of public service; and (3) to function as a unit rather than a series of departments. all three objectives imply reciprocity, and though the ultimate goal of "one world" may be nearer than the "stars," it is not less difficult to achieve, ipso facto. the principles expressed in these objectives are in keeping with the recommendations made by the college and university postwar planning committee of the american library association and the a.c.r.l. for the acquisition, organization and use of library materials. each of the nine recommendations made by the committee implies collaboration between the members of the library staff and between the library staff and faculty, students, and other agencies. collaboration rather than cooperation is stressed since collaboration means "to labor together," while cooperation is defined as "to oper-ate jointly with." although in university libraries some cooperation has long existed between divisions and with the faculty, it has not been enough to achieve the unity and efficiency desired. in a recent article swank described present-day library organization as "following a dichoto• mous pattern" 1 with the technical and service functions opposed to each other. his paper suggests a realignment of the functions of the catalog department in order that that department may obtain a more realistic understanding of the aims of library service. this would undoubtedly improve library efficiency, but the problem actually concerns all members of the library staff, not just the catalogers. it can be argued that the librarians functioning in the public service divisions are largely responsible for the high costs of cataloging and the inefficiency of the public catalog, for from a desire to make the catalog omniscient, they have minimized the use of other bibliographical aids. as a result, most public catalogs are crowded with 1 swan·k r. c. "the catalog department in the library organization." library quarterly 18:24-32, january 1948. annals tor indexed sets, series o£ doubtful value, and entries for indexed documents. the relation between subject bibliography ... and subject cataloging has not been studied sufficiently to determine to what extent and in what ways the bibliographies can be used as a substitute for the catalog. however, the librarians of the public service and technical processes divisions working together could solve many of the problems, and as a result develop a less cumbersome, more efficient public catalog. the type of collaboration which is necessary to permit such a develop .. ment of mutual working relations may require an organization that is financially impractical unless centralized acquisition and centralized cataloging replace the present policy of "rugged individualism." this could mean that the services now performed by order and catalog librarians could develop into a distinct profession similar, perhaps, to that of the h. w. wilson company's bibliographers and indexers. administrators should realize the importa'nce of collaboration and organize their institutions so that there will be opportunities for collaboration between the staff members, and between staff and faculty, if they expect to achieve more effective service. projects i shall now discuss specific projects being tried by the division of technical processes at the state university of iowa. the lack of an adequate central library building defeats almost every attempt at simplifying routines and establishing a flow of work between departments. (at present books and the public catalog are in a building which is a five minute walk from the building housing serials, documents, and the · reserve reading rooms. the bindery is housed in a temporary barracks building, and ten departmental libraries are scattered so that to use the term "the library" without a qualifying adjective or phrase is meaningless.) although the projected library building will make possible more efficient library service, the present interim is not just a period for marking time. because the staff realizes that functions and procedures will necessarily by altered to s1,1it the divisional arrangement of the collections in the new building, they are more willing than usual to enter into explora58 college and research libraries tive experiments. accordingly, despite the handicap of the physical situation we are experimenting with procedures and routines to achieve our objectives. the division of technical processes is organi?-ed according to the usual pattern, with three departments: binding, cataloging, and order, with the head of each responsible to the head of the division. when all of the positions are filled, the fulltime staff numbers thirty; fourteen professional, eight sub-professional, and eight clerical assistants. in addition to this fulltime staff, there are fifteen to twenty student assistants who work approximately two hours a day each. the order department at the state university of iowa acquires all material for the library systems: gifts, exchanges, and purchases. the experiments carried out by this department are mainly attempts to collaborate more fully with the faculty. unlike most university libraries, the book budget at the state university of iowa is a single fund and is not allocated to departments. this simplifies the bookkeeping, but places the responsibility for developing well-balanced collections fully on the head of the division of technical processes. the single book fund seems to be much more flexible and more easily administered than one allocated by departments. the head of the order department has full authority to place orders for the majority of requests, but refers requests for expensive items, large numbers of copies, and all serials to the head of the division. for the most part, the faculty has been conservative in the amount of material requested. however, there have been occasions .when a department seemed overambitious and ordered more than had been its customary share. in such a case, a conference was arranged with the head of the department concerned, the situation was explained, and he was asked to indicate priorities on his most recent requests. in asking the faculty to indicate priorities, need, rather than the price of the material, has always been stressed. on the few occasions that this procedure has been necessary, the faculty has proved very cooperative. a most important project, from the point of view of future development, is an experiment to .round out the collections within definite and limited fields. the plan is januaryj 1949 simple, but if it continues to work well, it may be far-reaching. a department-such as the english department-assigns one or more graduate assistants to do bibliographical checking. the assistant is expected to work approximately fifteen hours a week, and is compensated by the department giving him the assistantship. the bibliographies are selected by the department, generally in a field of major interest to the assistant. the important feature of the plan is that the student is trained to search by the assistants in the order department, and his work is under constant superv1s10n. in order that the graduate assistant shall gain as wide a knowledge as possible of the use of bibliographical tools, he is trained in all phases of searching: the use of trade catalogs, bibliographies (such as sabine and evans) . library catalogs (such as the l. c., the bibliotheque n ationale, and british museum), as well as the records describing the library's own holdings. after the graduate assistant has been trained, he proceeds to .check special bibliographies. he indicates the holdings and lacks of the library and upon completion of the checking turns the annotated bibliography over to the professor in charge. the professor indicates the titles that should be acquired and the relative importance of each. this year the experiment has been in the field of eighteenth century english literature. it has proved satisfactory, and during the coming year graduate assistants other than those from the english department will be assigned for duty in the library. the important factor in this project is the training of the assistant by the library staff, since this method eliminates the necessity of re-searching the requests for purchase. this system is expected to develop a more orderly and systematic acquisition policy. to overcome delays in ordering material requested from secondhand catalogs and in obtaining out-of-print items, a policy has been instituted to treat requests from secondhand catalogs with the same priorities as is given to those marked "rush." to get on a current basis of ordering required two weeks, during which the efforts of the staff of the department were largely concentrated on nonprocessed requests from secondhand catalogs. since many were several months old, a great deal of useless searching was avoided by re59 turning the checked catalogs to the dealer and asking how many of the titles checked were still available. as soon as the dealer's report was received, the titles were searched and ordered. approximately fifty per cent of the original requests were obtained, and the delays caused to orders for current material were not noticeable enough to bring complaints from outside the department. to obtain out-of-print material more . quickly we have resorted to advertising in t.a.a.b. (the a m e ric an antiquarian books ellers) , antiquarian bookman, and the want list with very good results. of the several hundred titles we have listed , more than 50 per cent have been acquired. competitive bidding has assured a fair price and correspondence costs have . been reduced to a minimum . . this change of policy has not gone unnoticed and several faculty members have expressed their appreciation of these efforts. like other libraries the order department at the state university of iowa is developin g_ a more anticipatory acquisition policy. fstanding orders have been placed for the publications of most university presses and of some commercial publishers. the first assistant in the order department is responsible for supplying current fiction and nonfiction to the dormitory and recreational librar~s! ' by checking with the students it was found that the only criticism of her selection was that there were not enough copies of the titles chosen. in all but the smallest departments the departmental librarian checks the bibliographical journals in her field, and in collaboration with the faculty initiates the orders. the department of history which is serviced by the general library, has requested the order department to automatically order titles reviewed in specified review journals. the problems of the order department are not all solved. at present we are trying to formulate more definite policies concerning the scope of the various departmental libraries. this affects the order and cataloging departments , the departmental libraries, and the faculty served by the departmentals. studies are being made to determine to what extent specific limitations can be set for departmental collections, whether classification can be used as a guide and how much duplication is inevitable. the degree of c;ollaboration between serial checking and serial cataloging is a problem which should be worked out so that there is much less duplication of effort, though such an experiment is greatly handicapped by the present building situation. the catalog depat;tment at the state university of iowa has been hampered not only by a lack of adequate and convenient work space, but by a shortage of catalogers. arrears have increased , but the total output numerically has been equal to years when there was a full (and larger) professional staff. since the professional staff was depleted, it has been imperative to transfer to subprofessional and student assistants all jobs that were routine or could be done by rule, and did not require decisions based on experience and professional training. many g.i. wives are anxious to work, so it has been possible to select assistants who are mature , educated and frequently experienced in business or teaching. subprofessional positions have been created as permanent positions, and filing , card revision , added copy, added volume, and. some added edition work has been relegated to the subprofessional categories. as a result, the professional catalogers, while responsible for a certain amount of supervisory work, concentrate their efforts chiefly on subject headings, classification, and the .more difficult cataloging. by an arrangement with the division of public services for an interchange of staff, an experiment has been initiated which provides an opportunity for the catalogers to obtain a more realistic approach to their problems, and also supplement the subject knowledge of the cataloging staff. a cataloger serves approximately four hours a week in a public service capacity, and in return the catalog department receives four hours of service from a professional assistant who works in the public service division. the arrangement is made without being on an absolutely quid pro quo basis because it is considered essential to obtain for each of the catalogers some experience in one of the public service departments. for new members of the cataloging staff this provides an opportunity for better orientation into the library system, and for some of the older members, it gives the first real chance to participate in the work of a public service department. the work which the departmental librari60 college and research libraries ans do when they are in the catalog department is carefully planned to make full use of their subject knowledge, i.e. problems of subject headings and classification are submitted for their consideration. the cataloger maintains a shelf for books that present problems, and these are examined weekly by the department librarian. this arrangement eliminates wasting time for both assistants. this experiment has worked most successfully for the physical science libraries: two medium-sized libraries , one in the field of mathematics and physics, and the other in botany, chemistry, and pharmacy. the cataloger who exchanged in these fields felt that the experience in reference and circulation was definitely helpful in her cataloging work, and the departmental librarians were enthusiastic about collaborating with the catalogers. special projects which have developed from this collaboration are an expansion of the classification for atomic literature, and a reorganization of the material on forestry, involving reclassification. "" in the fields of social studies and humanities the interchange of staff has not proved as satisfactory. the departmental libraries servicing these fields are somewhat larger than those servicing the physical sciences. it is not clear whether it is the size of the library, the personality of the individuals concerned, or the subject matter of the fields , or a combination of all three that has hindered the smooth functioning of the interchange. the catalogers feel that the duties assigned them in these departments were largely subprofessional, and the department librarians have complained that the period of duty was too short and too infrequent for the cataloger to be assigned more professional tasks. certain staff members consider they · need no knowledge beyond that which they have already acquired about the details of classification and subject heading work, and some catalogers feel that as long as there is a backlog of cataloging, the department can ill afford the loss of even a few hours of the time of its professional staff. this experiment has been tried for too short a period of time, and with too small a group of personnel to draw any definite conclusions. when the cataloging vacancies are all filled, it will be possible to vary the type and length of assignment. however, no matter whether it proves a success or a failjanuary~ 1949 ure, it will be a worthwhil.e experiment in developing a realistic approach to library service. the medium-sized university library requires subject specialists, but it cannot afford to recruit them for both the public service and technical processes divisions. collaboration seems to be the only answer. the cataloging department is constantly trying to find shorter methods for processing . material. in order to speed up the work; decisions were made not to catalog, or not to catalog as fully material that formerly received full cataloging. it was decided that for the type of material purchased for reserve, five would be the maximum number of copies that would be cataloged. additional copies are handled as "extras" and recorded only by the public service departments which circulate them. this saves not only the time and expense of cataloging, but the expense involved in withdrawal when after two or three years the texts have either become outmoded or worn out from usage..~ a more critical policy in regard to making series cards has resulted in the removal of more than a hundred series from the public catalog, and the elimination of many new series entries that would formerly have been made. the criteria for withdrawal or elimination is the union list of serials or the judgment of the catalogers, and reference and departmental librarians. a series listed in the union list is automatically given an entry in the public catalog. series not listed in the union list and considered by the cataloger to be of doubtful value are questioned. if the reference or departmental librarian agrees that the series is not needed, it is discontinued or not made, depending upon whether it is an old or new series. it was agreed at the outset that the decision of the reference and departmental librarians would be final only two of the hundred or more series referred to them have had to be retained , an unexpected percentage of agreement! the simplifications adopted by the library of congress have been helpful to our catalog department largely by confirming cataloging practices which ·have been in use at iowa for. many years. collation has never been a major concern and , for the most part, was restricted to the numbered pages and a general terminology to describe illustrations. as for capitalization, the new rules create 61 problems where there were no problems; student assistants can write copy slips and un-capitalize without thinking! the real difficulties have not been with descriptive cataloging but with the adaptation of subject headings and classification. we have not had the staff to permit a study of these problems. they are, however, of paramount . importance, and our discussion and study of them is influenced by our deliberation on the problems of centralized cataloging. a practical example of the principles of centralized cataloging is presented by the map collection at the state university of iowa. until the acquisition of the maps being issued by the army map service, the collection at iowa was small and uncataloged. therefore, it is now possible · to accept without change or adaptation the cataloging, classification, and subject headings of the library of congress. at the state university of iowa, it is planned to combine in the same classification all maps acquired for the collection. the catalog of maps will remain a distinct unit, and if it: is located in the public catalog, it will be arranged under the heading "maps," not dispersed under the individual subjects. this plan has been discussed with several members of the faculty and all agree that it will be much more convenient to have the cards for maps arranged as a unit, even though it violates the principles of the dictionary catalog. a parallel situation is presented by the music scores. the music department faculty argue that the present inclusion of scores in the dictionary catalog is cumbersome and unsatisfactory since the scores for chamher music, fugues, symphonies, orchestral music, etc., are scattered throughout the catalog. an experiment in cataloging material as a group has been made with two hundred nazi elementary and secondary school text books. these are recorded in the catalog by subject form only, and arranged on the shelves as a group in an assigned numerical sequence. if over a period of years it appears that it was an error to treat this material as a collection rather than as individual texts, it will at least be some satisfaction to know that the original processing costs were low and that the texts were made immediately available for use. a year or two more of such experiments should provide definite and important information as to which functions and procedures will produce the most efficient service in a building designed as a bibliographical laboratory where students, faculty, and library personnel will function as a . systematic whole. by margaret i. kenny the college library1 brooklyn college library had always been · organized along conventional lines according to the function performed, i.e., hook ordering, cataloging, reference, circulation, and current periodicals and united states government documents. it had the characteristic of many other libraries of not having a staff large enough to perform all the duties it would normally be expected to undertake. particularly was this true of the order department where only one librarian with no full-time clerical assistant was assigned to this important function. actually some of the duties of the order department were being 1 based upon an article written by margaret i. kenny and marie h. smith, chief order librarian, rrooklyn college library. taken care of by personnel in other departments. for example, the chief librarian himself selected books and also received them. continuations were ordered by the periodicals and documents librarian. this scattering of activities rightfully falling within the province of the order department was the inevitable result of insufficient personnel. with the advent of the new chief librarian, h. g. bousfield, in the f"!-11 of 1944, there was a realignment of duties. the entire book ordering process became the responsibility of the order librarian. this, of course, was an essential change, but the lack of sufficient professional and clerical help made for an emergency. like many emergencies, this one turned out to be a fortuitous one, for it made 62 college and research libraries necessary a re-evaluation of the acqmsttlon and cataloging functions as performed at brooklyn college library. a job analysis was made. a chart showing the functions of both the order and catalog departments was drawn up. it immediately became clear that there was duplication of records and work and omission of records in some instances. for an effective merger, however, it was decided that the department must be housed in the same room. but in this library, the three functions, ordering, cataloging, and book preparation, were performed in three small rooms on three different tiers of the stack~, and in three different parts of the building. books being added to brooklyn college library followed a long, involved and circuitous route before they reached the stacks. not the least of the problems was the overcrowded conditions of the working quarters. the total area of the work-rooms was far below the minimum standard required for the number of people working in these rooms. for example, a minimum of 2267 square feet was needed, but there were only 1097 square feet of work space available. it seemed quite possible that reorganization of the work and consolidation of the two departments would bring to light proper working quarters where all the operations connected with book ordering, preparation, and cataloging of books could be performed. on the basis of the study of the functions of the two departments and of the possibility of using for the merged departments an unsupervised study hall, the order and catalog librarians recommended that the merger take · place and that the new department be known as technical services. · because this department is thought of as a service department, and not as a processing one, the name technical services rather than technical processes was chosen as better signifying the point of view of this library. it was decided that the head of the catalog department, because of her existing administrative responsibilities,. was the obvious choice for head of the new depnrtment. the head of the former order department was to retain her title as order librarian and remain in complete charge of the book order functions. after the fundamentals were agreed upon, january_, 1949 the reorganization was put into effect immediately. duplication of effort was eliminated; certain routines were consolidated. bibliographical information found by the order librarians in their search to identify a title or edition (whatever that information is) is recorded for the use of the catalogers on a mimeographed routing slip which both groups use. manifolding of records has made possible the speeding up of clerical routines. the "receipt file" maintained by the order. librarians is the "books in process file" for the catalogers. the results of the merger have been an achievement of continuity and smoothness heretofore lacking. the room chosen is perhaps unconventional for a technical. services department. it is large enough to allow for further growth of the -department and it is on the first floor of the library building-in full , view of the readers. each person in the department is provided with approximately 140 square feet of room as against the 125 square feet usually recommended as desirable. the room has eight windows facing three sides of a beautiful campus. it has been possible to place personnel, books arid equipment in such a way that a logical continuity is at once apparent. actually, we do not follow a straight line even now; the work is laid out more along the line of a curve. the merger went into effect in november 1945. the department moved into its new quarters in february 1946, so that it has had more than two years' experience under this new organization. brooklyn college library staff believes the move was a wise and fruitful one. the work proceeds smoothly and efficiently. information gathered by one group is made easily available to all. the order and cata· log librarians always know the status of a book in process. there has developed a better understanding of the complexities of each phase of the acquisition and cataloging 1 functions. the organization allows for a . flexibility of assignment that has been of immeasurable value to the department and to the library. during periods when personnel were absent for one reason or another, it has been possible to call upon the services of both order and catalog librarians to share the burden of added responsibilities temporarily. 63 this , too, contributes to better understanding of each other's work and the supplementary activities connected with each function. the room is easily accessible to the faculty and the student body. the department encourages students and teachers to come in to use the bibliographies in the room, and the shelf list, for example, or to ask about the status of new material being purchased, or sources of material for their own information. brooklyn college library is, by virtue of the by-laws of the board of higher education , an academic department of the college. the librarians on permanent tenure are members of the faculty of brooklyn college ..... and share its privileges and responsibilities. thus the librarians are obliged to be aware of curriculum trends and changes and to keep informed of course needs, and even to anticipate them. each member of the professional library staff must bring to his job a real concern for the educational welfare of the students and a philosophy of librarianship which gives purpose to the library's part in the college program. representatives of all ranks of librarians sit on the faculty council, the legislative body of the college , and also on the appointments committee of the library which passes on all appointments , reappointments and promotions. the chief librarian is a member of the faculty personnel and budget committee, the "senate" of the college. the legal organization and the administration of the library are such that all librarians, regardless of the department to which they are assigned, are expected to take part in such additional activities such as the library orientation tours , library lectures, and to give service on college and departmental committees. it is therefore quite natural for the technical services librarians to think of themselves as serving the public directly. in addition, they are responsible for two of the library's publications , a monthly r ecent a ccessions list and an annual brooklyn college staff bibliography. the merger of the order and catalog departments into the technical services department has made for the most efficient use of the time and skill of both the clerical and professional members of the department, and has made it possible for the librarians in technical services to share in the faculty responsibilities fully as much as librarians in those departments usually thought of as the public service departments. by anna belle winter the government library the bureau of the budget library is a medium-sized federal government library. that is, in size it falls somewhere between the large departmental libraries and the many small libraries in the bureaus or newer government agencies. by definition of raynard swank in his article in library quarterly/ it is a small library, in that it has a total cataloging and acquisitional staff of less than fifteen people. as a matter of fact, the entire library staff totals less than fifteen. the library renders reference and research, bibliography and loan service to a professional public management staff of about 500 people, circulates approximately ig,ooo items an1 "the cata log department in libra ry or g an ization." l ibrary quart erly 18 : 243 2, january 19 4 8. nually exclusive of periodicals routed as received, has a cataloged collection of approximately 50 ,000 volumes, and acquires about 6ooo additional items annually, not including a large volume of government documents. it has no branches and requires no duplicate catalog or shelflist records except for the relatively few books purchased for bureau field . offices and the council of economic advisers. it is obvious from the foregoing that there is no occasion to engage in large scale technical processes operations such as those carried on in large federal government libraries -library of congress, department of agriculture, army medical, veterans administration, and others. it is also axiomatic that every library is interested in greater produc64 college and research libraries tlvtty at less cost in time and energy. productivity is probably even more important in the small library with limited staff than it is in the larger library, but must frequently be arrived at in a different fashion. the volume of work does not lend itself to machine operations nor mass handling of materials. on the other hand, the smallness of the operation eliminates the necessity for elaborate in-process controls, and permits the virtual elimination of review by concentration on development of staff competence. the bureau of the budget library has been blessed with a stable staff situation among technical processes workers. staff competence has developed to the point that neither descriptive nor subject cataloging is reviewed except upon initiative of the cataloger, catalog cards are subject to only one review which is for typing errors, and book preparation is not revised at all. the technical processes in the bureau of the budget library have not been centralized into a technical processes unit. we are moving toward reorganization, but are held to the conventional torm of organization by limitation of staff. perhaps even lack of staff has its compensations. to acquire and organize a collection effectively directed toward the needs of a bureau whose interests are at once government-wide and highly specialized, staff time cannot be spared for duplication in any form, whether of records or actiyities. within the framework of conventional organization (that is, librarian responsible for final selection of library materials; order work performed in the office of the librarian; assistant librarian responsible for cataloging, classification, serial recording, binding and book preparation) a considerable degree of coordination exists. this has been achieved by (i) combination of order and in-process records, ( 2) reallocation of library space, and ( 3) combination of serial acquisition and catalog records into a central serial record. the combination order and in-process record has grown to be much more than that. the multiple purpose card which forms its basis, started life as a simple orderacquisitions card. by careful redesigning, it has now been made to serve as an acquisitions record and in-process guide, to record order and receipt of library of congress january~ 1949 cards, to indicate whether an item is to be included on public management sources (the library's bi-weekly list of current literature) and to provide a means of follow-up on p.m.s. items and l.c. orders. the catalog unit was moved to space adjoining the office of the librarian to bring it physically closer to acquisitions· and facilitate use of the combined acquisitions and inprocess record. the move was an especially fortunate one since it also brought the catalog unit closer to the public catalog. an attempt was made to further improve work flow by moving materials in a straight line from the time they are received until completion of book preparation, but has so far been thwarted by nature of the available space. the most recently established means of coordinating acquisitions and cataloging is a central serial record. previously all serials (except newspapers and current periodicals) were handled by the catalog unit, receipt having first been cleared by the order clerk. both main catalog entry and detailed shelflist record were kept up to date. the central serial record has reduced these three operations to essentially one. certain groups of serials (notably monographic series) necessarily require further handling, but even in the more complex situations some savings in time is effected. for accounting and followup purposes it is still necessary to prepare order record cards for serials subscribed and paid for, and request cards for gifts requiring specific request. however, by filing these cards in the central serial record back of the regular serial card, recording of receipt is facilitated, as is clearance of vouchers. an added advantage of this method of filing is that circulation and referenc~ workers searching for a particular issue of a serial can find in one spot if it has been received, or if, and when it has been ordered. for serials received automatically or without previous request the central serial record pays an especially large and satisfying dividend in time saved. acquisition cards were formerly prepared upon receipt of material to serve as in-process location records until catalog records were posted. receipt is now recorded directly on the serial record, and since catalog records are no longer posted, the entire time of acquisitioning and adding to the 65 . catalog has been saved. time now spent corresponds to that formerly required for shelflisting. it has been the aim of the bureau library to develop a team of librarians working toward the common goal of effective service to its clientele, rather than an organization of separate units no matter how well coordinated and smooth running. many library products are the result of cooperative . effort of the entire staff. the biweekly list of current literature, public management sources, is one of these. the catalog unit is the final arbiter on subject headings to be used, although these are keyed to popular usage rather than formal catalog headings. it is also responsible for final review for technical form for p.m.s. and all bibliographies prepared in the library. special effort is made to keep the .staff informed of all library activities, and more particularly of the interests and needs of the bureau of the budget staff. weekly staff meetings are held at which time the reference service reports on research and bibliographic requests to alert catalog librarians to needed "slant" in classification and subject headings and enable them to route materials pertinent to bureau work assignments to the attention of reference or directly to bureau staff. catalog librarians report on organization and classification of special groups of materials or on new subject headings introduced into the catalog. a more effective means of making the catalog a vital service tool is the scheduling of catalog librarians for regular tours of duty at reference desks. no substitute has yet been found for direct t:ontact with library users to enlarge the conception of the cataloging function and increase the usefulness of both subject and descriptive cataloging. we should like to rotate staff between reference and cataloging as it is done at the joint reference library in chicago, where all staff members are reference and catalog librarians. to date that degree of flexibility has not been achieved, but in addition to the reference duty for catalog librarians mentioned above, we have found occasions when referenc~ librarians could profitably be introduced to technical processes activities. one of the most successful of these was the library-wide project undertaken when the bureau fell heir to the national resources planning board library collection. the en-. tire staff worked for thirteen saturdays on an overtime basis to combine the records of the cataloged collections and to classify and catalog the large group of board publications and manuscripts. increased awareness by reference librarians of cataloging problems was an important by-product of the project. to return to the organization of technical processes, less practical experience indicates that in the medium-sized or small government library without responsibility for branches or field offices, considerable coordination of the technical processes can be attained without formal reorganization. this presupposes the willingness and ability of staff to cooperate in all library activities, and a continuous surveillance of all operations to eliminate duplication and overlapping. by richard h. logsdon summary since it is not possible to give an adequate summary of the contents of the six papers presented above in the space available for this purpose, i should like instead to draw from these papers a few principles and perhaps point up some of the implications for those of us who are concerned with technical services operations: i. there is a definite trend toward grouping the functions of acquisittons, cataloging, binding and related activities into technical departments or divisions. evidence indicating such a trend is presented in mr. cohen's paper and specifically by the fact that it was relatively easy to represent five different types of libraries on this program. in miss kenny's paper we have a case study of the establishment of such a division. an opinion 66 college and research libraries . expressed by dr. swank in the article1 to which reference was frequently made in the preceding papers is to the point, namely that it is probably safe to say that in recent years few large university libraries have not considered appointment of a chief of technical processes. 2. the objectives and specifics of organization may vary widely among libraries. at one end of the scale such divisions may be mere holding companies bringing related departments under a single administrator primarily for the purpose of reducing the span of control of the chief librarian; while at the opposite end of the same scale are organizational units striving toward completely integrated divisions. from the papers presented above and from objectives both stated and implied, it is safe to say that the greater contribution to the over-all efficiency of the library is promised through truly integrated technical services operations. 3· how shall such integration be achieved? this appears to be a real challenge to both ~taff and administration. mere administrative rearrangement of departments will not achieve the objectives set for technical services divisions. as miss brown says, "it is the habits and thinking of the staff that require reorganization as much as procedural details." 4· in working toward our objectives what guide lines shall we follow? one answer here is suggested by miss winter's paper describing the close coordination possible in the library with a relatively small staff and without the formality of a technical services division. in other words, the large library will do well to strive constantly for the simplicity of operation, possible always in the "one-man" library, and relatively easy to achieve in the smaller organization. in short, have each job done in only one place and have it done right the first time so that constant review and revision is unnecessary. 5. how can we bring technical services personnel closer to the reader and reader services personnel for whom in final analysis his work is done? there appears to be no simple solution to this problem. specific suggestions have been made, such as interchange 1 swank, r aynard c. "the cat a log department in the library organization. " librar y quarterly i 8 : 24·3 2, j a nuary 19 4 8. january~ 1949 of personnel between departments and possibly aligning cataloging and bibliographical work. there will no doubt be others. all deserve most careful consideration by persons resonsible for technical services operations, whether organized formally or carried on in separate departments. 6. in developing technical services in our respective libraries are we profiting by the experience of similar institutions? in the papers above (e.g. custer and kilpatrick) we have many practical suggestions growing out of the experience of specific institutions which may have wide application throughout the profession. these particular suggestions are reaching publication, but i suspect that there is a wealth of experience buried in our respective files in the way of memoranda and manuals of operation which are available to other libraries only through correspondence and consultation. likewise, many of us are no doubt continually engaged in self surveys of various aspects of our technical operations and experimenting with variant procedures , the findings of which would be of value to other institutions. my plea here is for the best possible communications in getting new ideas into the record. in this, the new cataloging quarterly should help. in addition to the usual type of article requiring more formal preparation, there may be need for urging immediate reporting of specific ideas and experiments as news notes. 7. how shall we so~ve the problems of mounting costs and arrearages which are plaguing so many libraries? expenditures for technical services represent a relatively large proportion of the money spent annu lly for library operations. while no ace estimates are available, one dollar in very three is probably fairly close to ac uality. judging from the concern of both adm'nistrators and technical services personnel, ours is still a problem area of library administration. if we are to make progress in solving these problems we must have continued reexamination of our present procedures and research and experimentation in new methods for accomplishing our objectives. specific examples of such experimentation are reported above, most of which were carried on within regular operating departments. certain types of experimentation, however, are difficult of accomplishment by staff 67 members with regular assignments without seriously interferring with necessary day to day operations. an alternative, possible in larger institutions, would be to establish a research or laboratory unit where new ideas · could be tested before they were put into regular operation. perhaps we should go further than this and take a lesson from industry where a process may be tested in a pilot plant before it is attempted on a production basis. if this is to be our approach, the large library could make a small beginning by diverting staff time to experiments and pilot operations. however, a great deal more could be accomplished in a shorter time if libraries worked together in setting up an experimental laboratory for technical services. if we had as little as $5o,ooo a year for five years (possibly less than 2 per cent of our annual expenditures for technical services), we might come out at the end of the five year period with new ideas and procedures capable of saving several times that amount annually. library cooperation in north texas (continued from page 26) administrative difficulties in maintaining the regional union list of serials have thus far not been great. the initial arrangement was made by a conference of the presidents of north texas state teachers college, southern methodist university, texas christian university, and texas state college for women. after the plans had been agreed upon, however, the direction of the work has been largely in the hands of the chief librarians of the cooperating libraries. the typing and mailing of extra cards for the central file and the maintaining of the master card catalog have been carried on by some score of librarians in addition to their regular duties. the mimeographing of the union list, however, has become a formidable problem wh1cn involved cutting eight hundred stencils for the revised edition. the cumulative burden of work, which is the nemesis of all union catalogs, may eventually force a new method of financial support or some other means of publishing the contents of the master card catalog. the benefits of the north texas regional project have been the strengthening of the serial resources of the region, the development of a plan of cooperative purchasing, and greater local cooperation in using library materials. though the venture has not accomplished all that has been hoped for it, it has nevertheless made considerable progress. correction mr. paul alcorn of the university of connecticut reports that the figures given in the printed sources in ' ;administrative organization and financial support of land-grant college and university libraries," ix, october 1948, p. 330, on which table i was based are incorrect and incomplete. the enrollment, according to mr. alcorn, was 3355, and library expenditures $60,100. the per student expenditure for connecticut was thus $17.91 and the ratio 3.12 % . if these figures are used, the average per student expenditure would be $23.07 , and the average ratio 2.88 % . while these changes are of importance to the university concerned and do alter the general averages somewhat, the general conclusions of the article remain entirely valid. 68 college and research libraries acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries december 1983 / 445 counter. contact: effie knight, adm inistrative assistant, l ibrary administrators development program, college of l ibrary and inform ation services, university of m aryland, college park, md 20742. 2 0 2 3 — m icrocom puters: 13 th asis m id-y ear meeting, “the micro revolution: implications for the inform ation a ge,” indiana university, bloomington. topics to be discussed include: in­ form ation generation, social aspects, technologi­ cal developments, and inform ation access. con­ tact: asis, 10 10 16th st., n .w ., washington, dc 20036; (202) 659-3644. ■ ■ thesciss leiaad fds deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $4.00 per line for acrl members, $5.00 for others. late job notices are $10.00 per line for members, $12.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the last day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 31 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep't, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. for sale elsevier antiquarian department. periodicals and rare books on lifeand earth sciences. over 1 million volumes on stock. catalogues available on demand. please write to: lippijn straat 4, 1055 kj amsterdam, the netherlands. positions open assistant engineering librarian (search re-opened) re­ quirements: mls (ala-accredited). minimum of 2 years of profes­ sional experience, preferably in an engineering or science/techno­ logy library. desired qualifications: educational background or experience in engineering or science helpful. exposure to or back­ ground in automated library procedures; supervisory experience or aptitude; experience in bibliographic instruction to large classes; ability to deal effectively with faculty and students; computer-based searching and reference experience helpful. shares in management and operation of the siegesmund engineering library. active partic­ ipation in planning and implementation of new services and proce­ dures and development of policies. direct responsibility for circula­ tion and technical services including training and supervision of staff and students. conducts bibliographic instruction and assists with li­ brary orientation tours. faculty status and responsibilities. rank commensurate with education and experience. promotion and ten­ ure require meeting standards of excellence in librarianship, publish­ ing, research, and service. 12 month appointment with annual vaca­ tion of 22 days. group life, major medical and disability insurance are in effect as are tiaa-cref and social security. salary: $15,000 and up depending upon qualifications. application deadline: janu­ ary 30, 1984. send resume and list of references to: thomas l. ha­ worth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue univer­ sity, west lafayette, in 47907. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant head acquisitions librarian in the brown university library. responsible for the management of processes related to the purchase of monographic library materials and assists with the management of the acquisitions department. require­ ments: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school; reading knowledge of two foreign languages (one germanic and one ro­ mance) and familiarity with one additional language; 3 years of tech­ nical services experience in an academic library, including acquisi­ tions and bibliographic searching; experience with library and business automated systems and networks. appointment range: $17,853-$23,016, based upon experience. interested candidates should send letter of application, resume and names of three refer­ ences by december 31, 1983, to: gloria hagberg, brown university library, providence, rl 02912. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant to the head, original monographs cata­ loging. primary responsibility for assisting the head of the depart­ ment in general administrative and supervisory duties, including training and revising staff doing original cataloging. incumbent par­ ticipates in formulation and communication of cataloging policy and procedure and in the development and maintenance of the catalog­ ing manual. may perform some original cataloging. incumbent has a catalog editing responsibility, including editing problems outside the department and may also work on general bibliographic projects. the original monographs cataloging department provides original (and selected lc) cataloging for all separately classed monographs in the system with the exception of law, health sciences, and east asian vernacular. the staff of the unit consists of the full-time equiva­ lent of 16 catalogers and 3 supporting staff. in addition to an accred­ ited mls, requirements are a thorough command of cataloging tech­ niques and principles as demonstrated through several years of substantial cataloging experience in a large research or academic library; reading knowledge of at least 2 foreign languges; ability to work effectively with professional and supporting staff. preference will be given to candidates with previous administrative and/or su­ pervisory experience. experience with automated cataloging desir­ able. salary ranges: librarian ii: $20,500-$26,650; librarian iii: $23,500-$34,075. submit resume, listing salary requirements and 3 references, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applica­ tions is january 13, 1984. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant veterinary medical librarian (re post) the flower veterinary library at the new york state college of veterinary medicine at cornell university is seeking applicants for the position of assistant veterinary medical librarian. responsibilities include: providing general medical reference services; conducting comput­ erized bibliographic database searches (nlm, brs, dialog); as­ sisting in user education and orientation programs; coordinating inter-library loan activities; assisting with collection management and technical processing; maintaining card catalogs; and special proj­ ects. qualifications include mls from an ala-accredited library school; health or life science background preferred; public services experience in a bio-medical library and knowledge of online litera­ ture searching desirable. strong communication and interpersonal skills required. salary $15,600 + , depending on qualifications and experience. closing date for applications: december 30,1983. posi­ tion available: february 1, 1984. send resume and letter of applica­ tion, to: carolyn a. pyhtila, personnel director, cornell university li446 / c &rl news braries, 235 olin library, ithaca, ny 14853. cornell university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. automation librarian. (librarian i). land grant university li­ brary serving over 9,000 students; member of tri-college university (north dakota state university, moorhead state university, concor­ dia college); participant in minnesota state university system’s on­ line catalog. under the general direction of the library director, and in consultation with department heads, plan, coordinate, evaluate, and implement automation in the library; liaison with campus computer center, online catalog system, and north dakota technology consor­ tium. qualifications: proficiency in a computer language (cobol preferred); basic knowledge of oclc; coursework in library automa­ tion; ability to communicate effectively and to work well with col­ leagues. preferred: masters degree in library or information science; experience with a microcomputer; basic technical knowledge of computer terminals; knowledge of computerized database search­ ing. salary and benefits include: $15,500 + , tiaa/cref, and blue cross/blue shield. submit letter of application, resume, and three current references to: personnel office, north dakota state univer­ sity, fargo, nd 58105. application deadline: february 1, 1984. ndsu is an equal opportunity institution. biology librarian at the university of wisconsin-madison general library system (gls). salary minimum: $20,000. ala accredited m ls; 2 years of academic or research library experience, including administrative and supervisory experience; ability to com­ municate effectively; subject background in the literature of biologi­ cal sciences; advanced degree or equivalent experience in botany, zoology or related fields; reference experience and foreign lan­ guage knowledge are desirable. responsible for directing the pro­ gram of service, collection development and administration of the bi­ ology library and staff (3 fte) including provision of reference instructional service, management, assessment and development of the research collection, allocation of resources, establishment of pol­ icies, coordination with the gls and other major biology collections on campus. continuing professional development shall also be demonstrated. call or send for complete position description. letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of 3 references should be sent to: sandra pfahler, assistant director, memorial library, 728 state st., madison, wl 53706, (608) 262-3521. application deadline: january 31,1984. an eeo/aa em­ ployer. catalog librarian at the brown university library. responsi­ ble for original cataloging of slavic language books and microforms in a broad range of subjects, and western language materials in the field of linguistics. requirements: mls degree from an ala accredited library school; two years relevant professional experi­ ence; academic background in slavic languages or linguistics; strong knowledge of russian with a working knowledge of related slavic languages; knowledge of aacr2, lc rule interpretations, and the marc format; familiarity with oclc or rlin; ability to communi­ cate effectively. appointment range: $17,853-$23,016, based upon experience. interested candidates should send letter of application, resume, and names of three references by december 31, 1983, to gloria hagberg, brown university, box a, providence, rl 02912. an equal opportunity, affirmative, action employer. catalog librarian c a taloging and records maintenance (crm) division. responsibilities include catalog maintenance and authority work; original and complex copy cataloging in assigned subject areas; special projects; and some public service duties. must be able to work in an automated dynamic environment with chang­ ing responsibilities in line with further reorganization of crm division. requirements: mls from a la-accredited library school and two (2) years cataloging experience in an academic library. essential: dem­ onstrated knowledge of lc classification, aacr2 and earlier cata­ loging rules, lcri, lcsh, online catalogs, computer systems, cata­ loging databases, and at least one (1) foreign language. highly desirable: advanced study in a subject discipline, library science or computer science. participates in research. twelve-month, tenure track faculty appointment. salary minimum: $15,000. rank: instruc­ tor or assistant professor. application deadline: decem ber 31, 1983 submit resume including three (3) references to: fred m. peterson, university librarian, milner library, illinois state university, normal, il 61761. equal opportunity, affirmative action university. catalog librarian. full-time, permanent position available im­ mediately. responsibilities: catalog librarian is responsible for overgeneral editor and indexers/searchers avery index to architectural periodicals columbia university libraries the avery index to architectural periodicals is expanding its activities under the auspices of the j. paul getty trust, and we are seeking candidates for one general editor and five indexer/searcher positions. general editor. under the general direction of the avery librarian, this position has primary responsibil­ ity for developing and implementing policies for the index within the context of the research libraries infor­ mation network (rlin) and the art history information program of the j. paul getty trust. this position has administrative responsibility for 5.5 fte professional indexers/searchers and 2 fte clerical assistants; planning and implementing change in an evolving technological environment; ongoing documentation of policies and procedures; making budgetary recommendations, establishing priorities, and monitoring ex­ penditures, productivity and performance. in addition to an accredited mls, qualifications are administra­ tive ability as demonstrated by successful relevant management experience, both in personnel supervision and in organization of procedures; knowledge of indexing, cataloging, and automated systems; knowl­ edge of the field of architecture and architectural history; working knowledge of one or more european languages. salary ranges: librarian ii: $21,500-$27,950; librarian iii: $24,500-$35,525. deadline for applications is january 1 3 ,1 9 8 4 . indexers/searchers. four fulland one part-time positions to contribute to an expanded a very index to architectural periodials. each incumbent will spend approximately 50% to 75% of the time indexing articles to be entered in the avery index data base and the rest of the time assisting readers with searches of the database. in addition to an accredited mls, qualifications are indexing, cataloging, and/or database searching experience and working knowledge of one or more european languages. knowledge of the field of architecture and architectural history highly desirable. salary ranges: librarian ii: $20,000-$26,000; librarian iii: $23,000-$33,350. deadline for applications is february 1 7 ,1 9 8 4 . submit resume, specifying position applying for and listing salary requirements and 3 references, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. december 1983 / 447 all cataloging of library collection, processing all acquisitions, order­ ing lc cards, typing original catalog cards and filing into catalog. in addition, catalog librarian will assume reference duties, provide as­ sistance with card catalog and all indexes and files, and help with refiling library materials as needed. will supervise one cataloging clerical and various volunteers. requirements: accredited mls, ex­ perience with cataloging local history materials preferred. must have familiarity with aacri and ii, ability to do original cataloging, catalog revision, and lc card processing. minimum salary: $12,000. appli­ cation procedure: application and resumes should be sent to: lu­ cinda manning, head librarian, long island historical society, 128 pierrepont street, brooklyn heights, ny 11201, by december 31, 1983. catalog librarian, position available july 1984 due to retire­ ment. seeking a librarian with interest in diversified job content and implementation of automation. responsible for providing original cataloging for a wide range of materials and media. participates in planning for automation of library service. works in liaison with se­ lected academic departments, providing bibliographic instruction and collection development assistance. works in public service on a regular schedule. may supervise support staff and students. salary dependent on experience and qualifications, $16,000 minimum. the position requires an ala-accredited mls, evidence of scholarly ability, knowledge of oclc, aacr2, marc, reading knowledge of foreign language(s), ability to communicate clearly orally and in writ­ ing, ability to organize work, ability to work effectively with faculty, students, and staff, flexibility in adjusting to changing job content, and willingness to contribute to a colleg¡ally oriented staff environ­ ment. faculty status, non-tenure track, 12-month appointment, one month vacation, liberal fringe benefits. preference given to appli­ cants with second master’s degree and background in business, natural sciences, or engineering. minority candidates are encour­ aged to apply. send letter of application, current vita, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three professional refer­ ences, to: dorothy cieslicki, librarian, lafayette college, easton, pa 18042. an equal opportunity employer. cataloger, catalog maintenance department. this position has primary responsibility for performing cataloging, cata­ log editing, and authority work, including analysis, distribution, and resolution of problems, and for performing complex rlin editing and inputting. other duties include training and revising work of two full-time and several part-time staff members, supervising the depart­ ment in the absence of the head, and performing auxiliary catalog­ ing duties. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are a knowledge of two modern european languages, one of which must be a romance language; ability to work well with others; aptitude for analytical and detail work as demonstrated through previous rele­ vant experience and/or superior performance in a formal course in cataloging; previous experience with machine-readable biblio­ graphic data base(s) and/or formal course work in computer sci­ ence; and a broad subject background. relevant supervisory expe­ rience desirable. we are seeking a beginning librarian for this position. salary ranges: librarian i: $18,000-$23,400; librarian ii: $20,000-$26,000. submit resume, listing 3 references and salary requirements, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university li­ braries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is december 30, 1983. an affirmative action, equal op­ portunity employer. cataloger (librarian ii). land grant university library serving over 9,000 students; member of tri-college university (north da­ kota state university, moorhead state university, concordia col­ lege); participant in minnesota state university system’s online cata­ log. responsible for original cataloging of monographs and av materials. activities include inputting current and retrospective rec­ ords into oclc for a union online catalog. reports to head of cata­ log department. requirements include: degree from accredited mls program; two to four years of progressive cataloging experi­ ence; thorough knowledge of aacr2 and lc classification; experi­ ence with oclc; working knowledge of at least one western euro­ pean foreign language, preferably german. salary and benefits include: $17,784 + , depending on qualifications; tiaa/cref and blue cross/blue shield. position available immediately. submit letter of application, resume, and three current references to: personnel office, north dakota state university, fargo, nd 58105. application deadline: february 1, 1984. ndsu is an equal opportunity institu­ tion. cataloger (serials). trinity university, san antonio, texas, invites application for the position of serials cataloger, a faculty ap­ pointment in a rapidly-growing university library. trinity is strongly committed to excellence in the liberal arts tradition at the bachelor’s and master’s degree levels. primary responsibilities include catalog­ ing of all serials titles, and cataloging monographs in one foreign lan­ guage. responsible for supervising one classified staff member to process serials. required qualifications include the mls from ala accredited library school; knowledge of aacr2, particulary as re­ lated to serials; knowledge of library of congress classification sys­ tems and subject headings; reading knowledge of at least one foreign language; familiarity with oclc or other in-house automated system; initiative, creativity, and strong communication skills; and the ability to function effectively in a complex organization. desirable qualifications include experience in serials acquisitions or serials cat­ aloging in an academic library, and an additional graduate degree. instructor or assistant professor rank with tenure track. salary mini­ mum of $17,000, higher depending on experience or other qualifica­ tions. tiaa/cref and liberal fringe benefits. send letter of applica­ tion, detailed resume, and names of three references by january 20, 1984, to: richard hume werking, director of libraries, trinity uni­ versity, 715 stadium drive, san antonio, tx 78284. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cataloger. trinity university of san antonio, texas, invites appli­ cation for the position of monographs cataloger, a faculty appoint­ ment in a rapidly-growing university library. trinity is strongly com­ mitted to excellence in the liberal arts tradition at the bachelor’s and master’s degree levels. primary responsibilities include cataloging all english-language monographs requiring original cataloging, and some foreign-language monographs. may have some responsibility for the daily operations of oclc, including supervision and training of oclc operators. required qualifications include the mls from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of aacr2; knowledge of library of congress classification system and subject headings; reading knowledge of at least one foreign language; knowledge of the oclc system; initiative, creativity, and strong communication skills; and the ability to function effectively in a complex organization. desirable qualifications include cataloging experience in an aca­ demic library and an additional graduate degree. instructor or assis­ tant professor rank with tenure track. salary minimum of $17,000, higher depending on experience or other qualifications. tiaa/cref and liberal fringe benefits. send letter of application, detailed re­ sume, and names of three references by january 20,1984, to: rich­ ard hume werking, director of libraries, trinity university, 715 sta­ dium drive, san antonio, tx 78284. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. berkeley head, science libraries administer 14 life and physical science branch li­ braries in the general library system, uc berkeley, with responsibility for personnel and fiscal manage­ ment including a $1 million acquisition budget. su­ pervise public service, technical processing, and collection development. responsible for develop­ ment of automated programs, faculty relations, and outside funding sources. requires mls degree, extensive and increas­ ingly responsible experience in a scientific, biomed­ ical, or engineering academic library, and demon­ strated effective m anagement skills. experience with library instructional programs, computer litera­ ture searching, automated catalog processing, and experience in collective bargaining highly desir­ able. full job description mailed on request. appoint­ ment will be made in the $30,648-$39,672 per an­ num salary range depending on qualifications. this is a relisting. previous applicants need not re-apply. starting date 1 february 1984 or as soon thereafter as possible. to apply send resume, including names and addresses of three professional refer­ ences, by 31 decem ber 1983, to: william e. wenz library personnel officer room 447 general library university of california berkeley, ca 94720 an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 448 / c &rl news cataloger to participate in adding the holdings of north ameri­ can libraries to the international eighteenth-century short-title cata­ logue database. qualifications: mls; advanced degree in history or english with relevant specialization desirable; computer cataloging experience also desirable. available january 1, 1984. 1.75 year term position. salary: $13,500-$16,000, depending upon qualifica­ tions. preference will be given to applications received before de­ cember 31, 1983. send applications to: judith singleton, estc/na, college of arts and sciences, louisiana state university, baton rouge, la 70803-5111. lsu is an equal opportunity employer. head, field collecting and oral history. provides leadership in acquiring collections and conducting oral histories per-. taining to arizona and the southwest; assists in the organization, ar­ chival treatment and use of collections; participates in library govern­ ance; reports to the university librarian. this newly created one-person department works closely with the staff of the arizona collections. minimum qualifications: graduate degree (preferably in head, serials acquisitions department columbia university libraries (search reopened) under the general direction of the chief of the support division, this position has responsibility for adm inistering a centralized serials acquisitions function for the columbia library system. the posi­ tion has responsibility for 16 full-time staff members; coordinating routines and w orkflow ; planning and implementing change in an evolving technological environment; establishing priorities; resolving prob­ lems relating to the ordering, receipt, and payment of serial materials; and developing a thorough knowledge of publishing and sources of supply. in addition to an accredited mls, qualifications are administrative ability as demonstrated by suc­ cessful relevant management experience, both in personnel supervision and in organization of proce­ dures; a substantial knowledge of serials; the ability to work with staff in other library units and outside vendors; effective writing and speaking skills; evi­ dence of professional creativity and initiative; famil­ iarity with computer-assisted technical processing in a large research library; and the ability to work with a broad range of languages, with preferential consideration being given to applicants with a working knowledge of french or german. prefer­ ential consideration will also be given to applicants with relevant acquisition and/or bibliographic expe­ rience. s alary ranges: l ib ra ria n ii: $23,500-$30,550; librarian iii: $26,500-$38,425. submit resume, listing 3 references and salary re­ quirements, to: box 35, butler library columbia university libraries 535 west 114th street new york, ny 10027 deadline for applications is january 2 0 ,1 9 8 4 . an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. arizona or southwest history); experience in field collecting and oral history; demonstrated communication and interpersonal skills. ar­ chival experience preferred. salary range: $18,000-$21,000, de­ pending on qualifications. send letter of application, current resume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent refer­ ences, to: constance corey, assistant university librarian, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287, by december 31, 1983. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of reference/information services and col­ lection development. administers a department of 16 pro­ fessionals and 31 support staff responsible for reference service, col­ lection develo p m en t, user educa tio n , com p uter searching, inter-library loans, government documents, copy service, and four branch libraries. current projects include a collection analysis proj­ ect, implementation of a library skills workbook, and assisting in the implementation of an online catalog, circulation,and acquisitions system. requires ala-accredited mls; substantial professional ex­ perience (5 + years) in a major academic or research library; refer­ ence experience required; proven supervisory capability; leader­ ship ability with strong interpersonal skills; excellent oral and written communication skills. salary from upper $20’s depending upon qualifications and experience. excellent benefits including choice of retirement programs. the university of houston-university park li­ braries have 1.4 million volumes, a materials budget of $2 million, and a staff of 59 professionals and 180 support staff. the library is a member of arl. to ensure consideration applications must be re­ ceived by january 31, 1984. send letter of application, names of 3 references, and resume to: dana rooks, assistant to the director for administration, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. head of special collections. responsible for actively pur­ suing the continued development and expansion of the libraries’ special collections. participates in public relations, fund raising, spe­ cial events, and grant proposals related to the collections. requires ala-accredited mls or minimum of 5 years experience in book trade, archives or special collections administration. additional grad­ uate degree strongly preferred. salary upper $20’s or above de­ pending on qualifications. excellent benefits including choice of re­ tirement programs. the university of houston-university park libraries have 1.4 million volumes, a materials budget of $2 million, and a staff of 59 professionals and 180 support staff. to ensure con­ sideration applications must be received by january 15,1984. send letter of application, names of 3 references, and resume to: dana rooks, assistant to the director for administration, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal oppor­ tunity employer. international and foreign law librarian. under the direction of the assistant law librarian, supervises all aspects of the work and services of the international and foreign law collections; provides in depth reference service and assistance in identifying, lo­ cating, and using research source materials for all library users. se­ lects and participates in the selection of materials for the international and foreign law collections. trains and supervises support staff as necessary. prepares specialized bibliographies and guides to the collections as required, and in conjunction with the law biblio­ graphic control department, develops solutions to bibliographic control problems. qualifications: mls; law degree of recognized standing (relevant experience may be substituted for one degree); excellent reading knowledge of french or german and excellent reading, speaking, and writing ability in english; substantial amount of recent successful administrative experience. preference will be given to applicants: who have significant related law library experi­ ence; who have done substantial amount of advanced graduate work relating to international law and international organizations; who have knowledge of and experience using international and for­ eign book selection tools; and who have knowledge of the structure and publication systems of international governmental organiza­ tions. salary commensurate with experience and qualifications. sub­ mit resume, listing salary requirements and 3 references, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is january 10,1984. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. music librarian (librarian iii). in charge of departmental library containing over 18,000 volumes and 11,000 sound recordings, re­ ports to both librarian and music department chairman; responsi­ ble for collection development, acquisition of all music materials, cat­ aloging of scores, original cataloging of books, supervision of sound recording cataloging, and maintenance of departmental catalogs; provides reference and instructional services; prepares exhibits; su­ pervises one para-professional library assistant and shares supervi­ sion of eighteen student assistants; prepares budget and adminis­ ters allotment for materials, supplies, facilities and equipment; supervises sound equipment for the music department. qualifica­ tions: strong background in music history, preferably acquired by a bachelors and/or master’s degree in music. master’s degree in li­ brary science from an ala-accredited library school. basic reading knowledge of at least two of the following: french, german, italian. 3 december 1983 / 449 to 5 years’ professional experience in a music library, preferably a large collection. available: july 1, 1984. interviews: january 1984. please send resume by december 31,1983, to: carolynn e. jones, personnel director, wellesley college, wellesley, ma 02181. salary range: $19,720-$26,845. wellesley college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. music librarian, the university of iowa rita benton music li­ brary. responsible for general administration of library, including ref­ erence, collection development, and supervision of 2 full-time and 10 part-time assistants. library serves active faculty of 50 and more than 600 students. qualifications: ala-accredited graduate degree; successful professional level supervisory and/or administrative ex­ perience of not less than 2 years; a working knowledge of one ger­ manic and one romance language; a graduate degree in music; a broad knowledge of music literature and scholarship and an under­ standing of the needs of all areas of music instruction and research; and the ability to work knowledgeably and harmoniously with users and staff. preference will be given to candidates with an earned doc­ torate in musicology, familiarity in additional languages, a record of scholarship demonstrated by publication, and a record of participa­ tion in professional music and library organizations. appointment to be made at librarian iii level; salary competitive and based on quali­ fications and experience: minimum $28,500. generous benefits. screening of applicants will begin 2 january 1984 and position will be filled as soon as possible after that date. interested and qualified applicants apply to: university librarian, the university of iowa li­ braries, iowa city, ia 52242. the university of iowa is an equal op­ portunity, affirmative action employer. processing center librarian. shiftman medical library non-tenure track position immediately available for librarian of the university of minnesota libraries-twin cities director of the bio-medical library (search extended) the bio-medical library supports the teaching, research, and service programs of the health sciences on the minneapolis campus of the university of minnesota. these programs span the full array of health sciences disciplines and include strong outreach and service activities. the bio-medical library has a total operating budget of more than $1,000,000, approximately one-half of which is devoted to acquisition. it has a staff of 42 fte, including 11 professionals. it has a collection of over 300,000 cataloged volumes and receives approximately 4,000 serials. the bio-medical library is located in the health sciences complex on the university’s minneapolis cam ­ pus and is physically consolidated, with the exception of the natural history library. the bio-medical li­ brary includes a learning resources center, a major history of medicine collection, and its own processing unit. it participates in the rlin cataloging system and utilizes its own, locally-developed serials and acquisi­ tion systems. it has extremely strong database searching and information delivery programs. the bio-medical library participates in a number of national, regional, and state-wide cooperative medi­ cal library programs, including the greater midwest regional medical library network, the minnesota council of health science libraries, and the rlg medical and health sciences program committee. rec­ ognized as one of the outstanding bio-medical libraries in the country, the university of minnesota bio medical library has been a national leader in cooperative developments, information services, audio­ visual applications, and interlibrary cooperation. it has one of the strongest collections among bio-medical libraries in the country. these emphases are expected to continue in the future, with particular priority on continued collection strengths, electronic information delivery, network participation, bibliographic instruc­ tion, and closer interaction with the health sciences academic programs. the director of the bio-medical library reports to the university librarian and participates in university libraries-wide planning and program development together with the other directors of the major university libraries departments: central administrative services, central technical services, institute of technology libraries, st. paul campus libraries, walter library, and wilson library. the bio-medical library director is an ex-officio member of the bio-medical library committee, which meets regularly to advise regarding the programmatic directions of the bio-medical library. applicants for this position must have a minimum of five years experience in one or more bio-medical libraries, demonstrated successful management experience, an mls or appropriate equivalent academic preparation. in addition, applicants should have demonstrated skills in administration, planning and inter­ personal relations. they should have sophisticated knowledge of the library services requirements of the health sciences and be able to work effectively with faculty, students, academic administrators, library col­ leagues and staff. highly desirable are: an academic background in a health-sciences related field; medi­ cal library association certification; leadership potential in the areas of library automation, networking, con­ tinuing education and outreach activities, and electronic inform ation delivery; know ledge of and participation in research projects; scholarly publishing and presentations. this is an academic administrative position. salary is negotiable, with a minimum of $45,000. applica­ tions must be postmarked by march 3 1 ,1 9 8 4 . nominations must be received by march 1,1984. please send letter of application, vita, and the names of four references, to: robert w right, university libraries personnel officer, 499 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. 450 / c &rl news detroit cooperative cataloging center. the center provides cata­ loging services to fifteen local health sciences libraries and maintains archival tapes in preparation for online system. responsibilities in­ clude (i) oclc and original cataloging of 9,000-11,000 titles per fis­ cal year, (ii) monitoring workflow to maintain established perform­ ance levels, (iii) supervising one full-time support staff member, (iv) preparing workload and budget reports, (v) membership and exec­ utive committee meeting preparation/participation and (vi) maintain­ ing communications with the membership. required: fifth year li­ brary science degree from an accredited library science program. at least two years paraprofessional experience in oclc monographic cataloging. familiarity with mesh and audiovisual cataloging desir­ able. health science library experience preferred, with ability to work with active network of health science library members. salary: $15,000-$17,000, depending upon qualifications and experience. fringe benefits: tiaa-cref retirement plan, social security, subsi­ dized health, hospital, dental and life insurance. the university is an equal opportunity employer. write to: james f. williams, ii, associ­ ate director of libraries, wayne state university, 5344 gullen mall, detroit, ml 48202, by december 31,1983. reference librarian, entry level. franklin and marshall col­ lege, lancaster, pennsylvania. responsibilities include reference desk duty (with some evening and weekend hours), bibliographic in­ struction, inter-library loan, and database searching. other duties: assisting with collection development, liaison work with 3 academic departments. qualfications: mls from an accredited library school and some academic library experience. background in the social or natural sciences is desirable, but not essential. salary: open. send resume, 3 letters of recommendation and transcripts, to: c. paul vin­ cent, chair, search committee, shadek-fackenthal library, frank­ lin and marshall college, box 3003, lancaster, pa 17604, by 31 de­ cember 1983. eoe. reference librarian. the fletcher school of law and diplo­ macy, tufts university, serving 250 graduate students and faculty in the areas of international law, diplomacy, international economic de­ velopment, and political systems and thought. responsibilities: gen­ eral reference duties, searching computerized data sources, instruc­ tion in the use of the library, planning exhibits. assists the librarian in reference collection development and writing library publications. qualifications: mls from accredited ala school or equivalent; one two years reference experience in an academic library; subject background in international relations, area studies or political sci­ ence. salary: according to qualifications, minimum salary $17,500. to apply: send resume, including names and addresses of refer­ ences, to: william g. brown, assistant dean for administration, the fletcher school of law and diplomacy, tufts university, medford, ma 02155. search closes january 1, 1984. tufts university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. science information specialist. a member of the staff of the engineering and science library of carnegie-mellon university libraries serving the faculty and students of the carnegie institute of technology and the mellon college of science. responsibilities in­ clude general and specialized reference services utilizing printed and online sources; faculty liaison and collection development; and library instruction. cmu is seeking an innovative and creative librar­ ian with a desire to share in the development of the application of computing technologies in libraries. the libraries use central com­ puting systems extensively, particularly text processing and elec­ tronic mail. the integrated library system has been installed and the online catalog will be operational this spring. an interactive library communication system is being developed as part of the univer­ sity’s plans for expanding computing resources and services on campus. qualifications: mls(ala); effective reference and instruc­ tional skills; knowledge of collection development techniques; knowledge and/or experience in online database searching; and ef­ fective interpersonal verbal and written skills. preference will be given to candidates with a degree or significant course work in engi­ neering, physical or natural science, and/or experience working with scientific and engineering information in an academic environment. salary: dependent upon qualifications and experience, minimum of $15,000. send letter of application, resume and the names of three references to: pat smith, personnel department, carnegie-mellon university, 5000 forbes avenue, pittsburgh, pa 15213, by decem­ ber 30, 1983. interviews will be conducted at ala midwinter. posi­ tion open january 1,1984. cmu is an equal opportunity, affirmative systems librarian mit libraries under the general direction of the assistant director for administration, plans for and coordinates the utilization of new technologies to enhance library operations and services with the long range goal of an integrated online library system linked with national and regional networks. prepares documentation for recommendations including feasibility studies, cost-benefit studies and statistical analyses. in consultation with departmental managers and staff, prepares specifications for vendor-based systems and plans and oversees the implementation of systems decisions including both the acquisition and integration of new systems and the enhancement of existing systems. monitors network and vendor documentation. monitors the security and integrity of the libraries’ data bases and programs. oversees and directs staff assigned to systems projects. serves as a resource to the libraries administration on long range planning for automation. maintains current awareness of developments in relevant technologies, bibliographic utilities and networks as they apply to library operations and maintains effective relationships with appropriate staff within the institute, other university libraries and with vendors of library systems. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school and a minimum of five years of professional library experience are required, combining at least 2 years experience in automated systems and technol­ ogy with experience in either public or technical services in a research library. final candidates must also demonstrate well developed interpersonal skills, the ability to analyze and solve complex problems and a substantive knowledge of the marc format and its applications to automation. interested individuals should send resumes including the names of 3 references by decem ber 31, 1983, to: search committee for systems librarian the libraries, room 14s-216 massachusetts institute of technology cambridge, massachusetts 02139 salary range: $20,800-$34,100. starting salary dependent upon qualifications. mit is an equal opportunity employer with an affirmative action plan and welcomes applications from qualified women and minority candidates. decem ber 1983 / 451 action employer. science reference librarian and supervisor of on­ line database searching, (reopened). responsibilities: pri­ marily coordinate and continue active development of online data­ base searching program to include searching, training, promoting, evaluating, selecting materials and equipment and records-keeping; provide daily reference services in centralized reference depart­ ment; teach effective library use in scientific and technical literature; participate in collection development and liaison responsibilities. re­ quired: ala-accredited master's degree; two years academic li­ brary and extensive online database searching; demonstrated abil­ ity to communicate effectively with faculty, staff, and students. desired: undergraduate degree in the sciences. advanced science subject degree may be considered in lieu of academic library experi­ ence. salary: $17,160-$20,040. twelvemonth tenure track appoint­ ment. faculty rank. salary and rank dependent upon qualifications. tiaa/cref, usual benefits, vacation of 22 working days/year. kan­ sas state university is a land-grant institution located in north central kansas with an enrollment of approximately 19,000 students. send letter of application, resume, names, addresses and telephone num­ bers of three relevant references, to: ann scott, assistant director for administrative services, kansas state university libraries, manhat­ tan, ks 66506. application deadline: january 2,1984. kansas state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. science reference librarian/bibliographer. re­ sponsible for the library’s collection development in assigned sci­ ence disciplines, including approval plans, firm orders, gifts and seri­ als. provides service at the reference desk, including some weekend and evening hours. participates in an active program of li­ brary instruction and computerized database searching in the disci­ plines of selection responsibility. requires a master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school and an undergraduate degree in a science discipline or professional library experience in science refer­ ence. salary $15,500-$19,500 depending on qualifications. excel­ lent benefits including choice of retirement programs. the university of houston-university park libraries have 1.4 million volumes, a ma­ terials budget of $2 million, and a staff of 59 professionals and 180 support staff. to ensure consideration applications must be received by january 15, 1984. send letter of application, names of 3 refer­ ences, and resume, to: dana rooks, assistant to the director for ad­ ministration, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, hous­ ton, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. serials cataloger. see cataloger (serials). trinity university. serials librarian, position available july 1984 due to retire­ ment. seeking a librarian with interest in diversified job content and implementation of automation. responsible for organization and management of serials record, including acquisition, cataloging/ classification of new/changed titles, union lists, binding, and prepa­ ration for automation. works in liaison with selected academic de­ partments, providing bibliographic instruction and collection devel­ opment assistance. works in public service on a regular schedule. two years of recent experience required. supervises one support staff member and one student assistant. salary dependent on expe­ rience and qualifications, $18,000 minimum. the position requires an ala-accredited mls, evidence of scholarly ability, knowledge of oclc, aacr2, marc, reading knowledge of foreign language(s), ability to communicate clearly orally and in writing, ability to organize work, ability to work effectively with faculty, students, and staff, flexi­ bility in adjusting to changing job content, and willingness to contrib­ ute to a collegially oriented staff environment. faculty status, non­ tenure track, 12-month appointment, one month vacation, liberal fringe benefits. preference given to applicants with second master’s degree and background in business, natural sciences, or engineer­ ing. minority candidates are encouraged to apply. send letter of ap­ plication, current vita, and names, addresses, and telephone num­ bers of three professional references, to: dorothy cieslicki, librarian, lafayette college, easton, pa 18042. an equal opportunity em­ ployer. late job listings head, field collecting and oral history. provides leadership in acquiring collections and conducting oral histories pertaining to arizona and the southwest; assists in the organization, archival treatment and use of collections; participates in library governance; reports to the university librarian. this newly created one-person department works closely with the staff of the arizona collections. minimum qualifications: graduate degree (preferably in arizona or southwest history); experience in field collecting and oral history; demonstrated communication and interpersonal skills. archival experience preferred. salary range: $18,000-$2ł,000, depending on qualifications. send letter of application, current resume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent references, to: constance corey, assistant university librarian, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287, by december 31, 1983. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials cataloging librarian. supervises the serials cataloging section of the serials department which includes the following functions: serials cataloging; name and series authority work for headings encountered in serials cataloging; volume holdings record management. in consultation with the department head responsible for development of procedures and review and goal setting for the section. hires, supervises and evaluates the staff. serves as liaison to catalog department. mls from an accredited library school; working knowledge of two foreign languages, preferably french and german; broad educational background. two years of increasingly independent serials cataloging experience, using an automated system preferred. demonstrated supervisory abilities. appointment range: $18,000-$20,500. send letter of application and resume, including list of references, to: lance query, director of library research, analysis, and personnel, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60201. applications received by january 15, 1984, will be considered. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. public services librarian (reopened). position available january 1, 1984. plymouth state college library is seeking experienced applicants to direct and 452 / c &rl news extend the library’s bibliographic instruction program. other duties and responsibilities include reference work, online searching, and some evening and weekend work. the position also serves as liaison to several academic departments, assisting collection development and providing library support for individual classes. required: ala-accredited mls, reference experience in academic library, strong interpersonal and communication skills. preferred: second master’s, teaching experience, online searching experience. salary: $15,000-$18,000. 12-month tenure track appointment with faculty rank. please send letter of application, resume, and three current references, to: search committee, plymouth state college, box e, library, plymouth, nh 03264. application deadline is december 30, 1983. plymouth state college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. curator of history and bibliography and curator of arts (two positions). rosenbach museum and library, with holdings of rare books and manuscripts in english and american literature, history of the americas, history of books and printing, and book illustration, and a collection of 18th and 19th century fine and decorative arts. responsible for cataloging, exhibitions, publications, promotion of scholarly use and public knowledge of collections, and conservation planning. master’s degree in relevant subject required; at least two years work experience and knowledge of automation systems desired. starting: by january 1, 1984. $15,000-$16,000 plus benefits. send resume and names of three references, to: ellen s. dunlap, director, rosenbach museum and library, 2010 delancey place, philadelphia, pa 19103. eoe. reference librarian. under the direction of the head of the reference department, responsible for general reference service at the main reference desk including evening and weekend rotation, bibliographic instruction, searching computerized data sources, maintenance of the reference collection. participates in collection development and the work of library committees. wessell library is the main tufts university library, with collections in the humanities, social sciences, biological and earth sciences. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited institution, reading knowledge of at least one modern european language, academic background in biological, health and earth sciences or business, economics, sociology. salary dependent upon qualifications, minimum $17,000. send resume and names and addresses of 3 references, to: myra v. siegenthaler, coordinator of public services, wessell library, tufts university, medford, ma 02155, before january 1, 1984. reference librarian. specialist in business and economics assigned to the social science center/bobst library. principal duties include reference assistance, book selection, orientation and database searching. required: accredited mls, degree in business or related subject area preferred. subject master’s required for tenure. 2 years experience in an academic or special business library. familiarity with government documents. salary: $20,000 minimum. other benefits include tuition remission, tiaa/cref, 5 weeks annual vacation. to ensure consideration, send resume and letter of application, including names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references by january 13, 1984, to: connie colter, personnel officer, new york university libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012. new york university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. african studies specialist, assistant, associate, or librarian. the african studies collection comprises some 70,000 volumes. it is a nationally known resource for teaching and research for the whole of africa south of the sahara. the african studies area specialist selects all materials in the field of african studies, maintains a collection development policy and evaluates collections, manages the materials budget, assists in developing decem ber 1983 / 453 external funding sources including grants and special donors, maintains cooperative programs including gifts and exchange agreements, provides advanced reference/bibliographical service. she/he teaches "introduction to the bibliography of africa south of the sahara," a required course for the african studies minor. qualifications: required: ala-accredited master*s degree in library science; academic background in african studies; post-mls library experience, preferably in collection development and/or public services in an academic library; reading knowledge of french and a bibliographical knowledge of german and portugeuse. preferred: field experience in africa; higher degree with an african studies major or minor; experience in bibliographic instruction; reading knowledge of swahili, hausa, arabic, or dutch. must meet the responsibilities and requirements of a tenure track position. salary dependent upon qualifications and experience. salary floors will be observed: assistant $15,800; associate $18,500; librarian $22,250. vacation of 22 working days, liberal sick-leave; blue cross-blue shield major medical and dental insurance; group life insurance; tiaa/cref annuity plan. apply to: anne rimmer, personnel officer, indiana university libraries, bloomington, in 47405. telephone: (812) 335-3403. closing date for applications: not earlier than january 15, 1984. indiana university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of technical services in library of 4-year liberal arts college in new york city area. has overall responsibilities for technical services policies and activities, including acquisitions, cataloging, serials, processing, general planning for automation, and staff supervision. some collection development and reference responsibilities. required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; background in technical services, including administrative and oclc experience. preferred: professional activity relating to library automation, second master’s degree in an academic discipline, and reading knowledge of one or more foreign languages. salary from $25,000 depending on qualifications and experience. faculty status and liberal fringe benefits including tiaa/cref. send resume and names of 3 references by january 16, 1984, to: richard silver, affirmative action officer, suny college at purchase, purchase, ny 10577. university librarian and associate dean of information services. salary range: $34,860-$42,120 (a 6 .0% raise is anticipated on january 1, 1984.) responsibilities: administers the operations and services of the university library. reports to the dean of information services and acts as his associate for library matters. plans and directs the implementation of the library budget. administers the library personnel process. provides leadership for planning and evaluating policies and procedures which support the university’s educational goals. qualifications: graduate degree from an ala-accredited school of library/information science (candidates with academic attainment beyond the mls will be given preference). substantial (e.g. 10 years), varied and increasingly responsible operational and managerial library-related experience is required; preferably in a university or four year college library. general familiarity with the use of automated systems in both public and technical services, and detailed involvement with automation planning and decision-making in one of them. demonstrated ability to lead and motivate people. strong communication skills. evidence of continuous professional growth and contributions (e.g. grants, publications). the library: the university library, containing over 600,000 volumes, is an integral part of the information services unit at csu, chico. the library has a public access online catalog and is the pilot site in the state university system for this automation activity. information services includes the library, instructional media center, and computer center and provides a unified academic support service for the university. also, information 454 / c &rl news services operates an integrated regional service network for an area of 33,000 square miles and has recently added a satellite earth station. the library serves a student body of 14,000 students. chico is 90 miles north of sacramento and 165 miles northeast of san francisco. it is in the sacramento valley at the edge of the sierras. nearby mountains, lakes, rivers and a national park afford excellent opportunities for summer and winter recreation. send a letter of application, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current professional references, and complete record of education and experience, to: william a. jones, chair, university librarian search committee, the meriam library, california state university, chico, ca 95929-0290. closing date for applications: january 15, 1984. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. music librarian, university of the pacific, (search reopened). faculty appointment involving some responsibility in three areas of professional competence: cataloging, collection development, and reference/bibliographic instruction. major responsibilities: selection, cataloging materials for music collection; reference service and bibliographic instruction; liaison with music faculty; coordinate and supervise music listening center; assist in design of music area ($250,000 grant) in new library ($6.5 million total project). requirements: mls from accredited program, plus ma or mm in musicology or music theory (minimum undergraduate major). prefer 2-3 years in academic library working with music materials and facilities; automated cataloging and other computer experience; one or more foreign languages; supervisory experience. tenure-track appointment at instructor or assistant professor rank. $17,000-$20,000. one month vacation, tiaa/cref, broad benefits. unique opportunity for leadership and professional growth assisting in design of music component for new main campus library. send letter of application, resume, and names of three current references by jan. 31, 1984, to: hiram l. davis, director of libraries, university of the pacific, stockton, ca 95211. preliminary interviews at ala midwinter 1984. an aa/e0 employer. assistant reference librarian. position opened january 1984. general reference service, including bibliographic instruction and online searching. tenure track position with appointment at instructor or assistant professor rank depending on q u a l i f s . and experience. accredited mls. second master1s highly desirable. appointment range $15,000-$18,000. send resume and names of 3 references by december 30, 1983, to: reina hart, reference librarian, university of new hampshire, durham, nh 03824. unh is an aa/ee0. jobline news those job-seekers who have called the jobline number, (312) 944-6795, in the past few months only to reach a busy signal or no answer, will be glad to know that our equipment has been replaced with a new machine that can handle the rigorous 7-day, 24-hour routine assigned to it. the recording will be no longer than six minutes, usually less. if many jobs are listed on one week’s recording they may be slightly abbreviated, but most of the time there will be enough time to hear the entire position description. advertisers who wish to find out more about the acrl jobline may call (312) 944-6780, ext.286. new reference books published and distributed by gale call or write for our complete catalog political dissent: an in te rn a tio n a l guide. national faculty directory 1984. 14th ed 1sted. covers some 1,000 p o litic a l o p p o si­ id e n tifie s and locates nearly 600,000 in d i­ tion movements, w hether violent, te rro rist, viduals w ith fa c u lty status at nearly 3,300 g u e rilla , o r no n -vio le n t, o p p o sitio n trade ju n io r colleges, colleges, and universities u n io n m o v e m e n ts , and h u m a n rig h ts in the u.s., and 156 selected canadian groups. details include international a ffilia ­ in stitu tio n s. 3 vols. $350.00/set. (so) tion, leadership, background and history, and p o litic a l objectives. covers develop­ national directory of newsletters and ments th ro u g h 1982. $90.00. (so) reporting services. 2nd ed. parts 5-8 provides details on over 3,000 newsletters. in fo rm a tio n is accessible by subject, title yearbook of international organizations. o r p ublish er. total coverage in parts 1-8 20th ed. vol. 1, main volume. d ire cto ry of w ill be over 6,000 u n d u p lica te d entries. nearly 20,000 in terna tional o rgan izations, parts 5-8, $110.00/set. parts 1-8, $220.00/ governm ental as well as non-governm entat set o rg a n iz a tio n s , a s s o c ia tio n s , and c o m ­ (so) m ittees th a t are in te rn a tio n a l in th e ir aims, m e m b e rs h ip s , o ffic e r s , and fin a n c ia l africa south of the sahara, 1983-84. support. $168.00. (so) vol. 2, geographic 13th ed. standard source providing p o liti­ volume. c o u n try by c o u n try arrangem ent cal, social, and e cono m ic data on each of secretariats and m em berships. $168.00. nation of the area. also covers regional (so ) vol. 3, s ubject volume. o rganiza­ organ izations, to p ic s of c u rre n t interest, tio n s are classified by su b je ct and region. research in stitutes, and more. $130.00. $98.00. (so) (so) online bibliographic databases. 3rd ed. sources of the history of asia and oceania s p e c ia liz e d d ire c to ry o f b ib lio g ra p h ic in the netherlands. vol. 4, part 2, sources da ta b a se s o ffe re d by o n lin e s u p p lie rs 1796-1949. second part o f this guide p ro ­ th ro u g h o u t the w orld. provides essential vides a survey o f docum ents, m anuscripts, details on 179 b ib lio g ra p h ic databases in maps, and to p o g ra p h ica l re p ro d u ctio n s m any subjects, such as m edicine, educa­ fo r the h is to ry of asia and oceania, extant tio n , business, music, language, nuclear in the n etherlands. entries g iv e fu ll b ib lio ­ sciences, and more. $90.00. (so) g ra p h ic d e s c rip tio n s plus a n n o ta tio n s . $105.00. annual register 1982: a record o f world events. essential w ork of h is to ric a l refer­ ence as well as a guide to cu rre n t events. (so) these title s are available at g ale’s a rtic le s c h ro n ic le the leading events of 5% s tanding o rder discount. the year co n ce rn in g every co u n try, the un a ll gale books are sent on 60-day and o th e r in te rn a tio n a l o rg a n iz a tio n s , approval. social and e cono m ic trends, and m ajor deduct 5% if you send check w ith order. developm ents in all fields. $75.00. (so) custom ers outside the u.s. and canada add 10%. international consultants directory. 3rd ed. ready-reference source of inform ation gale research co. on 2,500 c o n su lta n ts in over 100 co u n trie s book tow er • d etroit, ml 48226 o f the w orld. a rranged by c o u n try , city, then area o f in te rn a tio n a l co n su lta n cy, to ord e r by phone: 1-800-521-0707 such as accountants, lawyers, and manage­ tollfree in canada, m ichigan, alaska, ment consultants. 3 vols. $175.00/set. (so) and hawaii: 1-313-961-2242. g a l e r e s e a r c h c o . issn: 2474-3542 journal homepage: http://journal.calaijol.org is it necessary: quality control in cataloging? muriel d. nero and jia he abstract: catalogers and technical services departments have always struggled with how much is too much when creating and enhancing bibliographic records as well as with what physical processing is needed to make these materials shelf-ready for timely circulation. along with these decisions, catalogers also must address what quality control measures, if any, should be in place to guarantee resources are discoverable in the opac and discovery service. the authors of this paper describe their process and workflow for the quality control of tangible and electronic resources; they also discuss why quality control is performed. the importance of training cataloging staff on current cataloging rules and practices as a preventive measure to reduce mistakes is an essential part of the process. the ultimate goal of quality control is to eliminate errors and ensure the library’s resources are accessible. to cite this article: nero, m.d., & he, j. (2018). is it necessary: quality control in cataloging? international journal of librarianship, 3(2), 85-95. to submit your article to this journal: go to http://ojs.calaijol.org/index.php/ijol/about/submissions http://ojs.calaijol.org/index.php/ijol/about/submissions international journal of librarianship, 3(2), 85-95 issn:2474-3542 is it necessary: quality control in cataloging? muriel d. nero and jia he the marx library of the university of south alabama, mobile, alabama, usa abstract catalogers and technical services departments have always struggled with how much is too much when creating and enhancing bibliographic records as well as with what physical processing is needed to make these materials shelf-ready for timely circulation. along with these decisions, catalogers also must address what quality control measures, if any, should be in place to guarantee resources are discoverable in the opac and discovery service. the authors of this paper describe their process and workflow for the quality control of tangible and electronic resources; they also discuss why quality control is performed. the importance of training cataloging staff on current cataloging rules and practices as a preventive measure to reduce mistakes is an essential part of the process. the ultimate goal of quality control is to eliminate errors and ensure the library’s resources are accessible. keywords: cataloging, quality control, technical services, cataloging staff training introduction quality control is most often found in the business world; indeed, some companies have an entire department committed to the quality control of their products. the marx library cataloging department of the university of south alabama uses a similar process of quality control to examine cataloged materials for errors before they are transferred to the circulation department for shelving, transferred to other locations, or used to fulfill hold requests for specific titles. at this academic library, the students and faculty are the customers, and the cataloging department’s purpose is to comply with the component of the library’s mission statement that states that one of the goals of the library is to “provide access to research materials at a level appropriate for successful academic performance” (university of south alabama, n.d.). performing quality control inspections on cataloged materials provides assurance that students and faculty will have access to the materials they need to complete course assignments and research endeavors. this paper will begin with a description of the workflow and processes involved in quality control and explain why this is a valuable part of this department’s operations. the bibliographic review process for books, dvds, and e-books and the physical inspection of the tangible resources for the shelves are the main components of the quality control checklist. this includes examining the bibliographic, holdings, and item records in the voyager cataloging module as well as checking oclc to ensure the marx library symbol (acm) has been added to the correct record. some of the steps for examining the physical processing include checking barcodes, spine labels, nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 86 and the lc classification (library of congress) call number written on dvds or inside books. another aspect requires inspecting the physical processing of books done by gobi library solutions from ebsco. although time consuming, quality control is important to ensure all cataloged items meet the current cataloging standards and follow local practices for the cohesion of the collection. this practice also ensures the discoverability of resources via the university libraries’ online catalog southcat, and the ebsco discovery service. literature review with the phrase “quality control,” most people think of businesses or large companies massproducing products and the inspection of these manufactured goods before they go to consumers. therefore, the research process for this paper began by specifically searching for the literature on quality control as it pertains to libraries. the search yielded articles spanning three decades, with the earliest publication in 1983 and the latest in 2015, and addressing some aspects of quality control on the following topics: cataloging or technical services, cataloging standards, library catalogs, cataloging evaluation, outsourcing , database quality, metadata quality, bibliographic quality, authority control, continuing education for staff training, and tools to measure quality. in most of the articles reviewed, the authors discussed how to define quality control, the purpose of quality control, and the role of catalogers in providing quality control. quality is not easily defined, it has two aspects: extent and accuracy. “extent” refers to how much information is provided in the bibliographic record, while “accuracy” refers to the correctness of what is supplied by the cataloger (graham, 1990). schultz-jones, snow, miksa, & hasenyager (2012) expand extent and accuracy to include the details of the bibliographic record, compliance with cataloging standards, workflow of the processes, and user success in finding records. for the marx library cataloging department, the quality control process is a fusion of these two definitions with the examination of the marc fields of bibliographic records as well as the physical processing of physical items for circulation. by doing this, a standard is created that helps build and establish a cohesive and uniform database of resources. sheeran (1996) shares this same opinion about maintaining a cohesive collection by saying “if libraries are going to continue to provide accurate, efficient access to the materials that they collect, then the database must be maintained in a cohesive, correct manner.” catalogers are essential players in the operation and organization of libraries. although what they do is behind the scenes, the cataloger’s data driven work of inputting crucial elements in the correct marc fields allows materials to be discoverable in the opacs. as harmon (1996) states, “if a cataloger does not put the data in the record, the machine is not going to pull it out.” paiste (2003) goes beyond the typical reasons for quality control and examines many other factors for total quality management. there is more to quality control than detecting and eliminating errors. it is a continuous process that involves assessing, evaluating, planning, and improving your current activities. libraries and librarians are service oriented and want to meet the needs of the patrons; therefore, assessing patron needs and expectations, and then implementing the necessary changes will increase patron satisfaction. paiste (2003) also emphasizes the need for continuous improvement and strategic planning. this allows for examination of production and service to improve the efficiency of quality control activities. one nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 87 tool to achieve continuous improvement is prevention. the emphasis should be on having knowledge of the cataloging rules and standards to prevent making mistakes and to self-check before the inspection process. “in a total quality environment, the goal is to perform tasks correctly the first time. rather than review arbitrary quantities of cataloged materials, prevention should be emphasized” (paiste, 2003). mcgurr (2011) reiterates this sentiment on prevention by expressing the need for cataloging departments to be watchful of the workflow practices and not wait for a crisis to happen before changes are made. at the center of the library is the bibliographic database. catalogers are responsible for the bibliographic database and their work must be of high quality to provide access to the library’s resources (sheeran, 1996). as noted by alberto petrucciani (2015), libraries are the only social institution responsible for the “control, organization, communication, and preservation of information about the published output of human knowledge and expression.” background the university of south alabama has an enrollment of more than 15,000 students and offers bachelors, masters and doctoral degrees for over 100 academic programs. besides the marx library, the university has three other libraries on campus: the biomedical library, the mitchell college of business learning resource center, and the doy leale mccall rare book and manuscript library, which is housed in the marx library. for this paper, the marx library’s cataloging department will be the focus of the bibliographic and physical quality control process for the marx library, the mitchell college of business learning resource center, and the doy leale mccall rare book and manuscript library. the marx library has a book budget of $200,000, which also includes the purchase of dvds and single title e-books. this flat budget has been in effect for several years prior to the 2013/2014 fiscal year, which for the university of south alabama begins on october 1 and ends on september 30. the marx library subject librarians begin ordering at the beginning of the fiscal year, and are expected to spend half of the allotted funds by the end of january with the rest being spent by july 1. the majority of materials requested by faculty and purchased by the marx library subject librarians support the university’s undergraduate programs. although some purchases support graduate and doctoral programs, these higher level programs tend to request fewer monographs and are in favor of more costly purchases such as journals and databases. the marx library cataloging personnel currently, the cataloging department of the marx library is comprised of two librarians: the head of cataloging, and the cataloging electronic resources librarian. the full-time staff includes an lta ii (library technical assistant) and an lta i. for most of 2014, there was one librarian and three full-time staff because the head of cataloging retired in january of 2014. in 2015, the personnel changed again to two librarians and three fulltime staff. after a staff retirement in the beginning of 2015, the department was back to four, the current personnel. the department also has two student assistants who are scheduled to work 20 hours a week. nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 88 because this is a small unit, each person has specific and shared cataloging responsibilities. the head of cataloging, and the cataloging electronic resources librarian perform most of the original cataloging as well as copy cataloging for monographs, serials, government documents, and archival resources. the cataloging electronic resources librarian is primarily responsible for cataloging electronic resources such as e-books and streaming videos. the cataloging of dvds, the only remaining media collection in the marx library, is also under the purview of the cataloging electronic resources librarian. the head of cataloging performs original and complex copy cataloging for all materials regardless of format. the lta ii and lta i both perform copy cataloging of all print materials but are not responsible for copy cataloging electronic resources or dvds. the lta ii is the leader of the quality control inspection process, and the librarians serve as backup inspectors. the lta ii also supervises the student assistants who are responsible for the physical processing of materials. the lta i takes the lead for cataloging government documents and filters materials that need original cataloging to the librarians. the lta i also monitors and orders the necessary supplies for physical processing, such as the covers to laminate paperbacks. the lta ii has been in the cataloging department since 1980 and has witnessed the evolution of what is considered quality control for the department. initially, quality control only focused on making sure the lc call number on the spine label matched what was written in the books. several factors made it necessary to include other steps in the quality control process: the migration to a new ils (integrated library system), the creation of more location holdings, and the training of new cataloging staff. cataloging and physical processing during the cataloging process, catalogers follow these basic steps for copy cataloging: 1) searching by isbn (international standard book number), author, title, or other command line search in oclc connexion client; 2) selecting and examining the record and making necessary changes such as updating records that do not meet the current cataloging rules and practices, rda (resource description and access); 3) updating the oclc holdings to add the marx library oclc symbol to record; 4) exporting the oclc record to voyager cataloging module to overlay the order record; 5) performing authority control of name and subject headings; and 6) saving the record to the database. for original cataloging, the bibliographic record is created in oclc connexion client, and then imported into the voyager cataloging module. after the bibliographic record is completed and saved, the holdings record is created to display location and call number, as well as to indicate the number of volumes for multivolume book sets or dvds. the final steps include adding the barcode to the item record and denoting permanent location and item type. the item record also has fields to add the enumeration (volume number), chronology (month/s), and year of the work. this is also where the items status is noted. the item status remains “in process” until it is removed by the circulation department for shelving. after the catalogers have completed the cataloging of books, these materials are placed on one of two trucks. books that have no call number labels or need a corrected call number are placed on one truck, and books that need full physical processing are placed on the other truck. dvds are placed on a separate truck from the books. this separation of materials allows the student assistants nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 89 to easily discern what needs to be done to the items. if during the cataloging process, a cataloger finds a problem with the physical processing of a book from gobi, the problem is corrected in the voyager cataloging module, the book is flagged, and the problem noted so the student will know to make the necessary physical correction. for instance, sometimes the lc call numbers need to be corrected. most often it is simply a date that needs to be changed because the publication for the paperback edition is different from the hardcover edition. government documents and books for the archives are not placed on these trucks because they do not go through the physical processing. for example, books for the doy leale mccall rare book and manuscript library do not receive barcodes or any of the physical processing. books and media for government documents only receive barcodes and no other physical processing. the sudoc classification labels are created and applied in the government documents department because these materials are acquired by the head of government documents who assigns the sudoc classification. books ordered from gobi include minimal physical processing. before making the transition to gobi, the library used baker & taylor. with baker & taylor, the library outsourced all physical processing including the laminating of paperbacks. when baker & taylor dropped the academic market, the marx library had to switch to gobi. since the cost to laminate paperbacks from gobi was substantially higher; therefore, it was more cost effective to have this done in-house by the student assistants. currently, the marx library pays $2.67 per book for the following: supply and apply 3m strips, supply and apply date due slips, and generate and apply labels. when materials are not purchased from gobi, the two student assistants provide all the physical processing which includes the following depending on the item: applying ownership stamps, generating spine labels, affixing date due slips, inserting security strips, laminating paperbacks, and pam (pamphlet) binding. the catalogers apply the barcodes to books and media during the cataloging process. for dvds, the physical processing involves applying barcodes and date due slips to the inside of the dvd case and writing the lc or assigned number on the dvd. however, spine labels are only created for nonfiction titles because they receive lc classification while feature films do not. quality control inspection after the students have completed a truck, the lta ii begins the full quality control inspection. the process begins with checking the bibliographic, holdings, and item records in the voyager cataloging module, and in oclc connexion client to ensure marx library’s oclc holding symbol is on the correct record. the second phase examines the student’s physical processing. during this second phase, any errors are noted on a checklist and returned to the cataloger for bibliographic corrections or to the student for physical corrections. an example of a correction that needs to be made by a cataloger is if the lc call number written in the book or on the dvd does not match what is on the holdings record. for physical corrections, the lc call number on the item could be missing volume numbers for multivolume sets if the volume number is coveredup by the placement of the spine label. nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 90 for many years, this detailed quality control process was done but not recorded to track errors. the lta ii was simply reporting the number of trucks being inspected, but there were no actual book counts. in 2014, the new head of cataloging realized the truck number does not reflect the amount of work the lta ii was doing. in may 2014, the lta ii began counting the number of books going through the quality control inspection. from may to december 2014, 3384 books went through the quality control process; in 2015, the number was 5508; in 2016, it was 3663; and in 2017, a total of 4766 books went through this process. e-books between 2014 and 2017, the marx library subscribed to or purchased over 67,309 e-book titles from twelve vendors including proquest ebook central, ebsco, springer, project muse, jstor, wiley, sage, taylor & francis, science direct, igi global, oxford scholarship online, and acls. among these e-book titles, approximately 90 percent were large vendor packages and 10 percent were individual titles. the quality control process for e-books, whether they are in a large vendor packages or individual titles, is specifically focused on the bibliographic and holdings records; there are no item records for these titles. the cataloging electronic resources librarian is solely responsible for providing the quality control inspection of e-book records. for the large e-book vendor packages, marcedit is the software used to edit the records. its basic gui (graphical user interface) is designed for a non-coder and provides many convenient analysis and conversion capabilities that do not require any direct knowledge of programming or scripting (university of illinois at urbana-champaign, n.d.). in other words, marcedit is not only easy for people to use, but it can also perform some complicated editing tasks on the e-books’ marc records. with marcedit, marc fields are deleted, added, and validated to accomplish the quality control of the large vendor e-book packages. in some instances, print and e-books may share the same isbn number; therefore, the 020 fields for isbn numbers are deleted to prevent e-book records from overlaying existing print bibliographic records in the catalog. for the purpose of clarity and uniformity, non-library of congress subject headings (6xx fields) are deleted. in addition, all classification fields are deleted such as the 050 field for lc or 082 for dewey decimal classification. electronic resources do not need an lc call number because they are not tangible items to be shelved, and we have found that displaying call numbers for e-books only causes confusion for students who, after seeing the number, go look for the item in the stacks. further quality control processing of e-book records includes the application of rda to the bibliographic records, since the marx library adopted and applied rda as their cataloging standard in 2013. currently, most vendor provided marc records follow rda. the rda helper in marcedit is available to correct any issues. for the consideration of local control and e-book ownership, the university of south alabama library proxy is added to the electronic location and access (856 field) of each record to place the access restrictions. in marcedit, marc validator is used to check and verify the accuracy of fields for all records in the e-book package file. if any errors are detected, the nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 91 cataloging electronic resources librarian will locate the records and fix the fields until no errors are found in the e-book package file. after the editing, the e-book package file is ready to be uploaded to voyager. before the loading process, some e-book records from the package file are randomly selected as test records to check if they are displayed correctly and are accessible in voyager. if everything goes well, the e-book package file will be split into two separate files. for example: for a 500 records e-book package file, it will be separated in two files: one contains 100 records, the other contains 400 records. the smaller file with 100 records will be sent to the computer center where it will be uploaded for a test run before the complete file of records is uploaded to the library catalog. if no problems are found, the entire e-book package file will be uploaded to the marx library e-book collections. this process and workflow is also used for the streaming videos. training cataloging personnel staff training is essential to maintain the quality of cataloging work. by understanding staffs’ and students’ professional levels, cataloging proficiency levels, and working patterns, the cataloging department is able to offer different training sessions to empower them to contribute to the quality cataloging workflow. without staff training, bibliographic errors would stymie the cataloging portion of the workflow. hider & tan (2008) define errors by their cause such as “non-application of a rule, misinterpretation of information on sources, poor subject analysis, non-recognition of a piece of information, miscoding, incorrect typography, and so on.” these are all avoidable errors if professionals “are prepared to update their knowledge and skills regularly to meet new metadata challenges and opportunities in the twenty-first century” (park, tosaka, maszaros & lu, 2010). this coincides with khurshid’s (1997) total quality management (tqm) philosophy which states quality cataloging greatly depends on the competency of the catalogers. this expertise is acquired by training and development and should be supported by libraries. to make sure staff is able to learn the newest cataloging information and practices, they are encouraged to view cataloging webinars and attend workshops when feasible. the head of cataloging only requires staff to report the date and title of the webinar and the information to be covered. the head of cataloging also uses this to report on staff professional development during annual staff evaluations. the head of the cataloging department and the cataloging electronic resources librarian also conduct cataloging workshops to help staff understand the newest developments concerning cataloging standards and practices. from 2015 to 2016, two workshops were held that covered topics such as toolbar and options on oclc connexion client, rda rules and standards, voyager cataloging functions, and cataloging reference tools and resources. follow-up instructions or demonstrations take place during the monthly department meetings when necessary. student assistant training most student workers do not have any library work experience before they come to work in the cataloging department. because their job responsibilities are solely physical processing, they do nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 92 not need cataloging experience but they do need to be detail oriented. in addition, most of them were born in 1990s so it is easy to train them to work with technology such as using the software to print the spine labels. plus, they have a strong motivation to gain work experience which will benefit their academic or career development in the future. with proper training, they can handle the physical processing work very well and help improve the output of cataloged materials. the lta ii is responsible for training the student assistants. she has worked in the cataloging department for more than 30 years and has been an integral part of the physical processing of materials and the training of student assistants. usually, the training sessions take several days and depend on the student’s class schedule as well as the quantity of materials available for physical processing. the training sessions include demonstrations of applying call number labels, date due slips, security tapes on different materials, pam binding, and laminating paperbacks. chen (2008) states “under the influence of today’s new trends in the cataloging area along with technological changes, a transformation of the pattern of employment in the library’s technical services is already underway.” to keep the quality of the cataloging work under this employment pattern, well designed training programs and workshops will not only benefit the career development of professionals and paraprofessionals, but they will also improve the quality of cataloging work. why quality control? the processes and workflows for quality control have been described in detail, so why quality control is performed needs explanation. undoubtedly, the major reason is to ensure access to our abundant collection of print and electronic resources. library resources would be in circulation much faster without quality control, but there is greater potential for a variety of mistakes to render the library’s catalog useless. over the years, a host of issues have been uncovered due to the lack of quality control in the early years of the marx library. books with misspelled words or incorrect subfield indicators in the marc title field for titles that begin with an article, “a,” “an,’ or “the,” have disappeared from the opac and discovery service side of searches. the wrong lc number has sent users on the hunt for a book never to be found or shelved in a very different subject area. a barcode was applied to only the first volume of a multivolume set and there was no barcoded record of the existing volumes. name and subject authority control, was inconsistent so multiple instances of names or subjects were displayed during a search. different formats of titles shared the same bibliographic identity which confused users on what format they were looking for. a prime example of this issue was a dvd version of a title was placed on the same holding as the vhs tape version. outsourcing some of our physical processing has greatly expedited the wait time for new books to enter circulation. however, this does not mean these books are 100% mistake free. it is still necessary for catalogers to check the prescribed lc call number as well as to make sure the book is not part of a series that adheres to a different local lc structure or a juvenile title that does not follow our local lc practice. propas & johnson (1998) make the case for librarians to nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 93 implement their own checks to make sure the quality of vendor services is acceptable and for professional librarians to “continue to maintain the intellectual understanding of what constitutes bibliographic integrity and quality.” because we have instituted a detailed quality control process and greatly improved staff training, these mistakes no longer happen or the issue is caught and corrected before library users have access to the resource. as cataloging personnel dwindles and technical services staff are asked or required to leave their comfort areas to work in public services, there is the temptation to let some things go. however, the inspection of the bibliographic and physical quality of the resources should not be one of those processes that falls by the wayside; it’s too important. without the bibliographic inspection of records, easily corrected errors or misunderstanding of rules go unrevealed and cataloging staff continue to commit erroneous mistakes. bade (2008) contends that library users are not looking for a perfect record but simply want to find what they are looking for. however, in order for library users to find the best information for their research, the cataloging records should be in high quality and mistake free, and the format of the resources should be clearly discernible to the user. in summation, hanson & schalow (1999) give the most convincing statement on why the marx library cataloging department performs quality control: “delivering quality in technical services requires that we strive to meet what often seem to be competing expectations from our customers: rapid availability of library materials as well as detailed and accurate cataloging and processing of those materials.” ultimately, it is the responsibility of the cataloging team to perform quality control to identify problems, implement solutions, and take ownership of the bibliographic integrity of the collection. conclusion at this juncture, the marx library cataloging department will continue to follow its current workflow and procedures for quality control. despite a smaller book budget and a small cataloging staff compared to other academic institutions, the cataloging department is, nevertheless, able to provide an effective level of quality control for cataloged materials. however, several factors could initiate changes to the current process, such as a dramatic increase in the book budget and the attrition of cataloging librarians and staff due to retirement or other reasons without rehiring for these positions. the department’s motto is that the quality of work is more important than the quantity of work produced. our motto is similar to khurshid’s (1997) total quality management (tqm) philosophy on doing it right the first time. it is fruitless to rush the cataloging process only to boost monthly output statistics if the work is riddled with mistakes. if more emphasis is placed on training and the reasons why things are done in a certain way, output will increase naturally and without mistakes. this encourages the cataloging librarians and staff to take pride in their work and to seek opportunities to increase their cataloging knowledge and skills. paiste (2003) refers to this as building a “culture of quality” which embodies the following aspects: holding a systems (departments, libraries, institutions) view, pride in workmanship, valuing and empowering employees, and personal learning. nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 94 additionally, inspecting the physical processing of materials is as important as inspecting the data in the bibliographic, holdings, and item records. an error free record is the ultimate goal; however, if the call number or barcode do not match the right item, this item is rendered inaccessible. the quality control of cataloged materials is a comprehensive process that follows a set of workflow to ensure the accuracy of the bibliographic, holdings, and item records. the physical processing must coincide with the information in these records so the library’s collection is accessible to students, faculty, and researchers. in conclusion, the loss of quality control would be harmful to the integrity and accessibility of the library’s resources. “the battle to maintain quality must go on, error must be kept to a minimum” (soules, 1983). as sheeran (1996) said, “the bibliographic database is at the center of the library, and, in order to provide effective access to the library materials, it must necessarily be a high quality.” the marx library cataloging department will continue to provide some level of quality control to maintain a cohesive collection and to adhere to the library’s mission statement to provide timely and efficient access to resources. references bade, d. (2008). the perfect bibliographic record: platonic ideal, rhetorical strategy or nonsense?. cataloging & classification quarterly, 46(1), 109-133. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639370802183081 chen, s. (2008). empowering student assistants in the cataloging department through innovative training: the e-learning courseware for basic cataloging (ecbc) project. cataloging & classification quarterly, 46(2), 221-234. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639370802177646 graham, p. s. (1990). quality in cataloging: making distinctions. the journal of academic librarianship, 16(4), 213-218. retrieved from professional development collection. hanson, h., & schalow, j. (1999). two aspects of quality in technical services: automating for quick availability, and identifying problems, effecting solutions. library collections, acquisitions, & technical services, 23(4), 433–441. https://doi.org/10.1080/14649055.1999.10765621 harmon, j. c. (1996). the death of quality cataloging: does it make a difference for library users? the journal of academic librarianship, 22(4), 306-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1333(96)90124-x hider, p., & tan, k. c. (2008). constructing record quality measures based on catalog use. cataloging & classification quarterly, 46(4), 338-361. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639370802322515 khurshid, z. (1997). the application of tqm in cataloguing. library management, 18(6), 274 279. https://doi.org/10.1108/01435129710176706 mcgurr, m. (2008). improving the flow of materials in a cataloging department. library resources & technical services, 52(2), 54-60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/lrts.52n2.54 paiste, m. s. (2003). defining and achieving quality in cataloging in academic libraries: a literature review. library collections, acquisitions, and technical services, 27(3), 327338. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1464-9055(03)00069-1 park, j., tosaka, y., maszaros, s., & lu, c. (2010). from metadata creation to metadata quality control: continuing education needs among cataloging and metadata https://doi.org/10.1080/01639370802183081 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639370802177646 https://doi.org/10.1080/14649055.1999.10765621 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1333(96)90124-x https://doi.org/10.1080/01639370802322515 http://dx.doi.org/10.5860/lrts.52n2.54 https://doi.org/10.1016/s1464-9055(03)00069-1 nero and he / international journal of librarianship 3(2) 95 professionals. journal of education for library and information science, 51(3), 158-176. retrieved from jstor. petrucciani, a. (2015). quality of library catalogs and value of (good) catalogs. cataloging & classification quarterly, 53(3-4), 303-313. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2014.1003669 propas, s. w., & johnson, s. (1998). outsourcing, quality control, and the acquisitions professional. library acquisitions: practice & theory, 22(3), 279–285. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0364-6408(98)00082-9 schultz-jones, b., snow, k., miksa, s., & hasenyager jr, r. l. (2012). historical and current implications of cataloguing quality for next-generation catalogues. library trends, 61(1), 49-82. retrieved from project muse. sheeran, r. (1996). maintaining the cohesive collection: the case for the local cataloger. the journal of academic librarianship, 22(6), 462-465. https://doi.org/10.1016/s00991333(96)90009-9 soules, a. (1983). the deterioration of quality cataloging. library journal, 108(1), 27-29. retrieved from academic search complete. university of illinois at urbana-champaign (n.d.). marcedit: an introduction to the marc record editing software marcedit. retrieved from http://guides.library.illinois.edu/c.php?g=463460&p=3168262 university of south alabama (n.d.). university of south alabama libraries mission statement. retrieved from http://www.southalabama.edu/departments/library/resources/missionstate.pdf about the authors muriel d. nero, senior librarian, is the head of cataloging at the marx library of the university of south alabama. she received her master of library and information science from the university of alabama. her research interests include the future of cataloging for academic libraries and professional development for library staff. jia he, assistant librarian, is the cataloging electronic resources librarian at the marx library of the university of south alabama. she received her master of library and information science from the university of wisconsin milwaukee. her research interests include technical services in academic libraries and library services for international students. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40732596 https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2014.1003669 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0364-6408(98)00082-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1333(96)90009-9 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1333(96)90009-9 http://guides.library.illinois.edu/c.php?g=463460&p=3168262 http://www.southalabama.edu/departments/library/resources/missionstate.pdf 6 94 introduction literature review acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 46 0 /c & r l news thefsadidlesacis deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $7.95 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $9.95 for others. late job notices are $19.25 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $22.95 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. dis­ play ad rates range from $355 to $675 based upon size. please call for sizes and rates. guidelines: for ads that list an application deadline, we suggest that date be no soonerthan the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary range per policy of the american library association (ala). job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms fac­ ulty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. internet: c&rl news classified ads are accessible on acrl's homepage on the world wide web at http:// www.ala.org/acrl.html. ads will be placed approximately 2-3 weeks before the printed edition of c&rl news is published. to reach c&rl newsnet access the acrl homepage (http://www.ala.org/acrl.html), select c&rl news, and then chose the menu item job postings by job title. contact: jack helbig, classified advertising manager, c&rl wewsclassified advertising department, acrl, ameri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611 2795; (312) 280-2513; fax: (312) 280-7663 or (312) 280-2520; e-mail: jhelbig@ala.org. policy: ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications or placement services comply with ala anti-discrimination policies. policy 54.3 states that "ala is committed to equality of opportunity for all library employ­ ees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life­ style, or national origin." by advertising through ala ser­ vices, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. books for sale internet discount professional book center 40 per­ cent off list price. 1000's of new/current books. all subjects. no second hand/remainders, http://www.probooks.com w orkshops statistics for librarians. september2 6 -27,1996 . location: conference room, arl, 21 dupont circle, washington, dc. fee: $350. contact: allyn fitzgerald, a sso cia tio n o f research libraries, 21 dupont circle, washington, dc 20036; phone: (202) 296-2296; fax: (202) 872-0884; e-mail: allyn@ cni.org; homepage: http:// arl.cni.org. electronic publishing of data sets on the world wide web. oct. 28-30, 1996. location: university of virginia, charlottesville, va. fee: $350. contact: allyn fitzgerald, a s s o c ia ­ tion o f research libraries, 21 dupont circle, washington, dc business reference librarian/ bibliographer reporting to the head of our humani­ ties and social sciences department, this position is responsible tor business collection development with special emphasis in accounting, management and marketing. you'll also provide bibliographic instruction, database searching and other general reference assistance, plus serve as faculty liaison to departments within the nationally ranked richard t. farmer school of business administration (see u.s. news & world report. september 18, 1995). qualifications include a business eco­ nomics degree (or 1 -3 years of recent success as a business librarian), an mls degree from an accredited program, good verbal/written skills, ref­ erence experience, as well as proven ability to use electronic databases and the internet. please send your letter of application, resume and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: judith a. sessions, dean and university librarian, king library, miami university, oxford, ohio 45056. review begins july 15,1996. equal op­ portunity in education and employment. miami un iv er sity 20036; phone: (202) 296-2296; fax: (202) 872-0884; e-mail: allyn@cni.org; home page: http://arl.cni.org. positions open assistant life sciences librarian. requirements: master’s degree in library science (ala-accredited); degree or relevant experience in biology or related field. desired qualifications: user instruction and reference experience in an academic or special library. aadem ic or practical experience in biology, especially m olecular biology, familiarity with the use of electronic resources in biology and related fields, ability to utilize new technologies and to adapt library procedures to meet changing needs of students and faculty. strong service orientation and demonstrated interpersonal skills. experience working as part of a team. responsibilities: develops and coordinates user instruction program fo r the life sciences library as an integral part o f the purdue university libraries' systemwide information literacy program for all levels and types of users. instructs students and faculty in the effective use of electronic and printed resources, individually and in the classroom. provides reference services on a regularly scheduled basis, achttp://www.ala.org/acri.html http://www.ala.org/acrl.html mailto:jhelbig@ala.org http://www.probooks.com mailto:allyn@cni.org mailto:allyn@cni.org http://arl.cni.org july/august 1996/461 associate director for technical and access services depaul university depaul university seeks an associate director fo r technicai and access services. this position works in close consultation with the director, the associate d irector for information and research services, the assistant director for systems, and department heads. responsibilities include overall personnel ad­ ministration, preparation of annual budget, coor­ dination of the division at all library locations, and facilitation of formal communication between ap­ propriate parties. reviewing and evaluating current systems, developing policies and proce­ dures as well as participating in implementation will be expected. the qualified candidate will possess a minimum of six years of increasing responsibility in library positions along with ala-accredited mls de­ gree. demonstrated knowledge of library sys­ tems, technical services, and access services and familiarity with academic library service es­ sential. strong interpersonal skills a must; super­ visory experience a plus. depaul university offers a comprehensive salary and benefits package. for immediate consider­ ation, submit your resume to: doris r. brown director of libraries john t. richardson library 2350 n. kenmore chicago, il 60614 depaul university, an employer of choice, is committed to diversity and equality in education and employment. tively contributes to the operation of the library by assisting in implementing new services and procedures, developing the collec­ tion, and liaising with faculty and other primary users. supervises the stacks maintenance manager. participates in planning for the life sciences library and the libraries. participates in collabora­ tive activities within the biomedical and natural sciences cluster (life sciences library, veterinary medical library, and pharmacy, nursing and health sciences library). reports to the life sciences librarian. members of the libraries faculty must meet purdue requirements for promotion and tenure. salary: $29,000 and up, depending upon qualifications. status and benefits: faculty status and responsibilities. rank of assistant professor. twelve-month appointment with annual vacation of 22 working days, flexible benefit programs with open enrollments annually. medical, group life, disability insurance programs are in effect as are flexible spending accounts, tiaa-cref retirement, and social security coverage. application process: send statement of interest, re­ sume, and list of references to: thomas l. haworth, personnel administrator, purdue university libraries, 1530 stewart center, west lafayette, in 47907-1530. review of applications will com­ mence august 31, 1996, and continue until position is filled. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian whitman college penrose m em orial library at w hitm an college invites app lica tio ns fo r a fu ll-tim e r eference librarian. responsibilities: provides reference service to students, faculty, administration and commu­ nity members on weekdays, scheduled evenings, and some weekends. assist patrons with library resources, and innovative interfaces opac, cd rom workstations, online pcs, periodical and document indices. conduct on-line bibliographic searches and do bibliographic/ internet instruc­ tion. must be willing to perform varied professional library duties. twelve-month appointment. begin­ ning salary: $24,000 annual. qualifications: mls/ala required; bachelor's level education in the sciences desired; experi­ ence and/ortraining in online database searching. must be able to communicate clearly, effectively, and tactfully. college: whitman college is an independent, residential, nonsectarian‚ liberal arts and sciences college of 1,300 students and more than 100 faculty. the 1995 first-year class had an average high school g.p. a. of 3.8 and average sat scores of 1290. whitman is an ideal place for learning and scholarship and for promoting personal growth, character, and responsibility. to apply: send lettero f application, resume, and names of three references by j u ly 12,1996, to: henry m. yaple library director penrose memorial library whitman college walla walla, wa 99362 e-mail: yaple@whitman.edu eoe associate director of libraries for southwest col­ lection/special collections. reporting to the director of libraries, this position is responsible for administering the new southwest collection/special collections library, which will open in fall, 1996. this facility houses the southwest collection, university archives, rare books, archive of the vietnam conflict, hoblitzelle conservation laboratory, and editorial offices of the west texas historical association yearbook. the southwest collection is a repository for historical information pertaining to west texas and the near southwest. nationally recognized for its ranch-related records, the southwest collection also includes material on such topics as agriculture, land colonization, petroleum, mining, water, urban devel­ opment, politics, and pioneering. staffing includes nine archivists and librarians, eight classified positions, five research assistants, and student assistants. the budget is approximately $600,000 and is supplemented by external funding, including several endowments. this is a tenure-track position with the rank of associate archivist or archivist. responsibilities: administers the new southwest collec­ tion/special collections library and provides leadership for planning, implementing, and sustaining the expansion of collections, pro­ grams, and services. works on public relations and fundraising activities.lnitiates grant proposals and facilitates research, teaching, mailto:yaple@whitman.edu 462/c&rl news head librarian the canadian centre for architecture located in montreal, the canadian centre for architecture (cca) is a museum and study center devoted to the art of architecture and its history.the cca library holds a major interna­ tional research collection devoted to the history of architecture and has 165,000 volumes with an emphasis on rare books and special collec­ tions related to the history of architectural theory, practice, and publishing from the ancient world to the present. supervising a staff of 25, the head librarian is responsible for all library operations and will work closely with the director and other senior staff in the development of institutionwide plans, programs, and policies. extensive knowledge of current developments in library and information technology, a back­ ground in research, and five or more years of administrative experience in an academic or research library are required. the ability to work in french and english is necessary. a graduate degree with evidence of scholarly activity o r significant theoretical contributions to the library discipline is required. the suc­ cessful candidate should have an mls or equivalent. salary is competitive and benefits are excel­ lent. kindly direct inquiries to: morris & berger 201 south lake ave., ste. 700 pasadena, ca 91101 fax: (818) 795-6330 the canadian centre for architecture is an equal opportunity employer. and instructional projects. teaches a graduate history course in administration of archival and manuscript collections. qualifications: earned doctorate in history or relevant field; and administrative experience in an academic or research environment, preferably a library or an archive. ability to administer a library of diverse special collections within a team-oriented environment. commitment to pub­ lic service is essential, as is the ability to provide leadership in a climate of new information technologies. desirable qualifications: scholarly achievement in the history of the southwest; participation in professional organizations; success in grantwriting and fundraising; teaching experience in an archival management program. salary and benefits: salary for this 12-month position is negotiable from $60,000. benefits include choice of retirement program, including tiaa-cref; 13 state holidays, blue cross/blue shield, no state or local income tax. applications received by october 15, 1996, will be given first consideration. send letter of application, current resume, and names and addresses of three references to: search committee, texas tech university library, box 40002, lubbock, tx 79409-0002. a fuller description of this position is available at the libraries' web site: http://www.ttu.edu/~library/. texas tech university is an eo/aa/ada employer. coordinator of electronic reference services/ref­ erence librarian. the university libraries of notre dame invite systems librarian southern methodist university ala-accredited mls or equivalent in library sys­ tems experience. demonstrated knowledge of integrated library systems in an academ ic envi­ ronment. reports to central university librarian; works closely with staff in other university libraries and computing center. complete position descrip­ tion available at http://www.smu.edu/~cul. application with three references should be sent by july 31,1996, to: systems librarian search central university libraries southern methodist university p.o. box 750135 dallas, tx 75275-0135 aa/eoe. salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for governmental agencies that employ librarians. the recom­ mendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommenda­ tions for minimum salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel re­ sources. connecticut $31,273 delaware $22,500+ illinois $27,400# indiana varies* iowa $24,533 louisiana $22,000 maine varies* massachusetts $27,554* new jersey $30,128 new york varies* north carolina $24,367+ ohio $25,198+ pennsylvania $23,700* rhode island $29,800 south carolina varies* south dakota $22,000 texas $26,000 vermont $26,464 w est virginia $22,000 wisconsin $25,830 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state associa­ tion for minimum salary information. +salary minimums for public librarians only. #option for local formula. http://www.ttu.edu/-library/ http://www.ttu.edu/-library/ http://www.smu.edu/~cul july/august 1996/463 executive director-private academic library technology consortium southeastern w isconsin information technology exchange o r g anization : sw itch, southeastern w isconsin information technology exchange, is a g ro w ­ ing separate 501 (c)3 not-for-profit organization located in the m ilwaukee area dedicated to advancing the effective im plementation of inform ation technology at its m em ber libraries and institutions. the cu rre n t full-m em ber institutions include alverno college, c ardinal stritch college, concordia univer­ sity w isconsin, m ilwaukee institute of art and design, and w isconsin lutheran college. sw itch operates an integrated library system with a unified database running on a dec alpha platform with softw are from innovative interfaces inc. connecting over 95 dec term inals and workstations at five sites. in addition, the consortium m anages an interinstitution delivery system; shared electronic databases; w eb server; internet access; coordinated purchasing; and shared staff developm ent. opportunities: the position offers th e qualified candidate the opportunity to grow adynam ic library technology service toward new m em ber institutions and service options. a great deal of freedom and flexibility is provided to the potential candidate in daily scheduling. respo nsibilities: w e are seeking a flexible-experience professional who understands the power of collaborative library technology endeavors and can effectively facilitate its advancem ent. the successful candidate needs the dem onstrated ability to advance broad goals and respond to dynam ic client needs in a flexible and positive m anner. principal responsibilities include: m onitor achievem ent of goals; plan fo r future services and m onitor inform ation technology developm ents; manage current systems, equipment, and services; direct daily office operations and supervise one staff person; prepare and maintain budgets; provide public relations and advancem ent fo r the consortium and its programs; facilitate consortium com m ittees and user groups; coordinate contact with consortium related vendors; provide daily system s and organizational custom er service to m em ber staff; assist m em ber with libraries technical service and planning; maintain professional contacts. q u alificatio ns: mls from an ala-accredited program: minimum of five years of progressively responsible experience in inform ation technology and library m anagem ent areas; sound understand­ ing of library practice; relevant experience with integrated library systems; excellent verbal and written com m unication skills; evidence of strong com m itm ent to responsive service; dem onstrated vision; human relations skills and personal qualities that prom ote com m unication, enhance team w ork and initiative, and build consensus; dem onstrated ability to com m unicate technical inform ation to a broad ran g e of audiences; ability to w ork collaboratively with m em ber institution library staff, library directors, and adm inistrators. preferred: unix, networks, consortia, innovative interfaces system, academ ic experience. salary and benefits: starting salary in the midto upper$30s, depending on qualifications. twelve-m onth appointment; 15 days of paid vacation; group health/vision plan; tiaa/cref; section 125 flexible benefits plan; personal, sick and other leaves; tuition remission and other benefits available with the position. applicatio ns: application review will begin on july 2 9 , 1996, and continue until position is filled. send letter indicating qualifications, short statem ent on philosophy of service, current resume, and names, addresses,and phone num bers of three references to: meredith gillette search com m ittee chair c/o cardinal stritch college library 6801 n. yates rd. milwaukee, wl 53217 switch is an equal opportunity employer. applications for this newly established position in the reference department. we are seeking an experienced librarian who can provide leadership and work cooperatively to enhance the delivery of electronic resources and services in the main library. this individual will plan and coordinate access, identify existing resources/services and develop others, and provide guidance in selecting, implementing, and supporting these tools. the individual also will spend 10 to 15 hours per week at the reference desk sharing in the provision of electronic and print-based service in the humanities and social sciences, and will participate in technology-related instruction and training. librarians at notre dame are non-tenure-track members of the university faculty and are expected to maintain an active profes­ sional life. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; minimum of two years of relevant professional experience. academic background in the social sciences or humanities. experience with using a range of electronics information resources, including internet, cd-rom, and mainframe products. facility with microcomputers. strong commitm ent to public service and to teamwork. proven ability 464/c&rl news assistant reference librarian university of san francisco the university of san francisco’s reference department invites applications for the position of assistant reference librarian. the university is in the construction phase of renovating the library building and spaces that will integrate an innovative and online environment. the assistant reference librarian reports to the head of the reference department. joining the general reference service team of librarians and support staff, this position will develop the electronic u.s. governm ent resources— cd-roms, internet, online; manage the printed and microfiche depository selections; provide research assistance to a diverse population of users; collaborate with librarians and faculty in instruction programs; and participate in book selection and collection development activities. schedule includes one evening per w eek and a rotated weekend (i.e., every 5th). must be flexible to provide backup and coverage for evening or weekend hours. qualified applicants must have an mls from an ala-accredited program and be highly service oriented to work well with students and faculty and to handle effectively the pressures and demands of reference department assignments. previous professional library experience is p referred. profes­ sional developm ent opportunities are supported and encouraged. librarians are part of a collective bargaining unit. appointment at the assistant librarian level. salary range: $28,576 to $35,171 for twelve months. salary and academ ic rank dependent upon qualifications. interviews may be conducted at the ala july conference. deadline for applications: july 1 5 , 1996. to apply: send letter of interest, current resume, and names and telephone numbers of three references to: personnel services university of san francisco 2130 fulton street san francisco, ca 94117 established as san francisco’s first institution of higher learning in 1855, the university of san francisco presently serves 8,000 students in the schools of arts and sciences, business, education, nursing, law, and professional studies. the university is a private catholic and jesuit institution and particularly welcomes candidates who desire to w ork in such an environment. usf is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. we particularly encourage minority and women applicants to apply for all positions. the university provides reasonable accommodations to individuals with disabilities, upon request. to establish and maintain effective working relationships with col­ leagues and the public. excellent oral and written communication skills. minimum salary: $38,000. for further information or to apply for this position please send a cover letter, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: sherry veith, 221 hesburgh library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556-5629. applica­ tions received by july 15, 1996, will be assured of consideration. notre dame encourages diversity and welcomes applications from members of minority groups and individuals with disabilities. coordinator of technical services. our learning re­ sources center (lrc) seeks an outgoing, enthusiastic coordinator of technical services to manage cataloging, acquisitions, and serials. will play a key role in upcoming system migration. major responsibili­ ties: serves as a consultant to the information systems division in the area of technical services. responsible for original cataloging, au­ thority control, and complete database maintenance. demonstrated knowledge of dynamic cataloging in an automated environment and extensive oclc experience are required. ala-accredited mals/ mls, plus a minimum of two years experience in an automated technical services environment, academic library experience in an automated technical services environment, academic library experi­ ence in reference and library instruction services with strong commu­ nication skills required. applicants must submit a resume, copies of credentials, a statement of educational/teaching philosophy, and three letters of recommendation to: harper college, employment specialist-cts, 1200 w. algonquin road, palatine, il 60067. harper college is an equal opportunity employer and encourages applica­ tions from women, ethnic minorities, and persons with disabilities. executive director of academic information re­ sources (library director). duties: the executive director of academic information resources is responsible for management of, and long-range planning for, university academic information resources and functions, including: traditional library functions; the new university technology service center, which provides a single point of service for all the technologies and services; and public information access labs on campus. the executive director of academic information resources reports to the associate provost for information resources and technology, serves as a member of the information and technology executive committee, and fulfills the duties of the library director as detailed in the faculty handbook. qualifications: required: mls degree from an ala-accredited institu­ tion; minimum of five years of progressively responsible experience as a library administrator; demonstrated ability to work in a team environ­ ment with librarians, technologists, academic faculty, and community members; demonstrated strong interpersonal skills, with experience in personnel supervision; demonstrated strong written and verbal com­ munication skills; demonstrated experience in implementation and management of technologies; strategic planning experience. pre­ ferred: second master’s or advanced degree; friendand fundraising experience. send a letter of application with detailed resume and three, professional references including names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers, to: academic information resources executive director search chair, bradley university computing services, 1501 w. bradley avenue, morgan hall room 205, peoria, il 61625. to ensure full consideration, apply no later than july 12, 1996. bradley university is committed to cultural diversity, and is striving to maintain and enrich its cultural, racial, and ethnic communities. it is july/august 1996/465 assistant librarian of harvard-yenching library for cataloging services reporting to the librarian, responsible for setting policy and coordinating all aspects o f cataloging services in the chinese, japanese, korean, vietnamese, and western languages. supervises staff o f 9.0 fte; establishes priorities and procedures in cataloging services; keeps abreast o f national cataloging standards and practices; serves as the resource person on lc classifi­ cation and lcsh; maintains liaison with the cataloging services department o f widener library, oclc cjk services, and other east asian libraries; coordinates with other departments in the harvard-yenching library in areas where their functions intersect; provides in-house training or recommends training for cataloging staff; evaluates staff performance; and partici­ pates in professional activities locally and nationally. as a member o f senior staff, will assist the librarian in the management o f the library. contributes to team effort by accomplishing related duties as required. the harvard-yenching library is the largest university library for east asian research in the western world, with holdings o f m ore than 850,000 volumes, 65,000 microforms, 13,500 periodicals and 650 newspapers. it is a unit o f the harvard college library, the library o f the faculty o f arts and sciences at harvard university. q ualifications: ala accredited mls and five years experience in cataloging t a major east asian library, preferably using oclc cjk system. an advanced degree in east asian studies highly desirable. excellent knowledge o f east asian history and culture in general, and mastery o f at least one east asian language. supervisory experience required. thorough knowledge o f aacr2 revised, lc classification system and lc subject headings. pc proficiency and desire to stay current with new tech­ nologies, highly desirable. strong organizational, written and oral communication, and interpersonal skills required. c om pen sa tion ; appointment salary depending on qualifications. anticipated hiring salary $55,000. major benefits include twenty days annual accrued vacation; generous sick and holiday leave; choice o f heáth plans; dental insurance; life insur­ ance; disability benefits; university-lundedretirement income plan; tax-deferred annuity options; staff tuition assistance; child care scholarships. review o f applications will begin immediately and continue until position is filled. to apply, submit letter o f application address­ ing qualifications and full resume along with names, telephone numbers, fax numbers and e-mail addresses o f three references to: h azel c. stamps d ir e c to r o f p e r so n n e l s ervices harvard c o lle g e library w id en er 190 c a m b ridge, ma 02138 e-mail: hstamps@fas.harvard.edu. harvard university upholds a commitment to affirmative action and equal employment opportunity h a r v a r d c o l l e g e l i b r a r y expected that the successful candidate shares in this commitment. bradley is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. government documents librarian. provides leadership for the use, management, and development of the documents collection. full-time, tenure-track, academic-year appointment. required: ala accredited mls; two years of post-mls experience; minimum of one year of government documents experience since 1992; good commu­ nication skills. salary: $32,000– $39,000. application review begins july 10, 1996, and continues until position is filled. for complete position description call (507) 389-5953 or write: sylverna ford, library director; mankato state university; memorial library, msu 19, p.o. box 8419; mankato mn 56002-8419. head, electronic acquisitions & serials control. uni­ versity of texas at san antonio. with a staff of seven the head manages and supervises the department responsible for orders, receipts, check-in, claims, and payments for all library materials. may be assigned duties as a bibliographer for collection development. reports to assistant director of technical services and library computer systems. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; minimum of five years experience in acquisitions or technical ser­ vices combination in an automated environment; successful man­ agement or supervisory experience; ability to work cooperatively and efficiently with colleagues, faculty, staff, and vendors; must also be able to work independently; adept at problem solving; able to develop and maintain financial, accounting, and statistical reports. preferred: mailto:hstamps@fas.harvard.edu 466/c&rl news two positions available ferris state university ferris state university provides practical, hands-on education in 100+ academ ic programs through the colleges of arts and sciences, allied health sciences, business, education, optometry, pharmacy, and technology to its 10,000 students. included are associate’s and bachelor’s degrees, tw o master’s degrees, and doctorates in optometry and pharmacy. ferris state university’s main campus in big rapids, a city of 12,600, is located in the vacation and recreation area of w est central michigan, 54 miles north of grand rapids. head, library systems and o perations department responsibilities: overall administrative direction of budgets for lso consisting of cataloging/ classification, collection development/maintenance, conservation/preservation, library technologies, and serials. leadership in planning, implementing and evaluating departm ental services. duties also include report writing; project planning and management; and liaison to the computer center. participation in the libraries’ information and instructional programs may be expected. qualifications: required: mls or equivalent from an ala-accredited library/information science program. increasing administrative skills with demonstrated proficiency in a technical services a re a -3 year minimally. expertise with integrated library systems, lan(s) and bibliographic utilities. evidence of strong communication and organizational skills. ability to work with all personnel in acollegial, consultive, collaborative team environment. preferred: additional master’s degree or a doctorate; experience with z39 and docum ent delivery systems; hands-on experience with intel, unix, and novell. collection development and acquisitions coordinator administers collection development, preservation, and gifts and exchange policies. manages approval program; monographic, serial, and media verification and ordering; materials receiving and invoice payment; monitoring, reporting, and control of materials funds expenditures. coordinates selection activities. monitors vendors. supervises conservation and binding. reports order-status information. supervises and trains paraprofessionals and students. qualifications: required: mls or equivalent from an ala-accredited library/information science program; one year of library experience in collection development, book trade, purchasing, procurement, and library automation with aspects of bibliographic control; and two years of supervisory experience. evidence of strong communication, interpersonal and organizational skills, and service orientation. preferred: additional graduate degree in business or related discipline. knowledge of current national trends in publishing and library acquisitions. apply with letter addressing qualifications as related to the responsibilities of the position, resume, and three references from supervisors or colleagues solicited for this position. please include their names, current addresses, and phone numbers with y o u r application. transcripts will be required for candidates invited to interview at ferris state university. apply to: library systems & operations search committee (position 1) collection development/acquisitions search committee (position 2) attn: joan boroff, administrative services ferris state university timm e library 1201 south state st. big rapids, ml 49307-2747 application deadline: august 3 0 , 1996, or until filled, whichever is sooner. ferris state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. experience with notis; microcomputer applications; electronic for­ mats; electronic vendor interfaces; government depositories; aca­ demic library experience. salary: $32,000 minimum, with full benefits package. send resume to: sue tyner, assistant director for technical services and library computer systems, the university of texas at san antonio library, 6900 n. loop 1604 west, san antonio, tx 78249-0671. closing date is july 26, 1996. utsa is an ee/oa employer. women, minorities and persons with disabilities encour­ aged to apply. head of bibliographic control. stephen f. austin state university’s ralph w. steen library seeks a creative leader and experienced cataloger for the position of head of the bibliographic control department. duties: oversees the cataloging and classifica­ tion of library materials for all collections and the preparation of materials added to the collections; maintains the bibliographic, item, and authority databases in the online catalog; supervises one profes­ sional librarian and three support staff, plus students; catalogs serials; serves on library and university committees; administers departmental budgets. reports to the associate library director for technical services. sfasu has an enrollment of 12,000 and is located in pine-forested east texas. automated since 1979, steen library’s current system is horizon. steen library employs 16 librar­ ians, 4 professionals, 31 support staff, and many students. qualificajuly/august 1996/467 associate head for serials cataloging massachusetts institute of technology libraries serials and acquisitions services shares in departm ent administration. manages serials cataloging section (3 librarians, 4 support staff). performs full range of supervisory responsibilities. establishes serials cataloging standards, procedures, and work flow. responsible for contributions to cooperative serials projects. w orks with associate head for m onograph cataloging in bibliographic access services to facilitate cooperation and communication between the two units and with serials and monograph acquisitions to plan procedures and work flow. participates in systems planning. com m u­ nicates with public service units to assess needs, clarify policies, and im plement new procedures and system modifications. maintains knowledge of national developments in serials cataloging and shares knowledge within. participates in broader library activities. qualifications: required: ala-accredited m aster’s degree in library or information science. several years’ professional cataloging experience, preferably in a large academic library, and significant experience with serials. knowledge of an online cataloging system and aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, marc, and standard authorities procedures. understanding of cataloging issues related to various formats, including digital resources. demonstrated supervisory ability and well-developed comm unica­ tion and analytical skills. evidence of initiative, flexibility, attention to productivity, and ability to work creatively in a rapidly changing environment. hiring salary: $35,500 minimum; actual based on experience. applications received by august 5 , 1996, will receive priority consideration. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three current references to: search committee for associate head for serials cataloging (crl) the libraries, room 14s-216 massachusetts institute of technology 77 massachusetts ave. cambridge, ma 02139-4307 mit offers excellent benefits, including tuition assistance, a children’s scholarship program, and a relocation allowance. the mit libraries affords a flexible and collegial working environment and fosters professional growth of its staff with managem ent training, travel funding for professional meetings, and a professional research grant program. mit is a smoke-free campus. mit is strongly and actively committed to diversity within its community. applications are particularly encouraged from qualified women and ethnic minority candidates. tions: required: ala-accredited master's degree; five years of pro­ fessional library experience; substantial supervisory and cataloging experience; experience with an automated bibliographic utility and an integrated library system; knowledge of standards such as aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, marc formats, data exchange standards; ability to communicate effectively, both orally and in writing and to work as a member of a team; flexibility to manage a broad variety of tasks; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationship with others. preferred: academic library experience; budgeting expe­ rience; keen interest in the development of technology and the opportunities it creates for bibliographic control. salary/benefits: rank and salary commensurate with experience; excellent benefits and health plan; academic nine-month contract (high $20s to low $30s) plus a six-week contract at one-sixth the nine-month rate normally granted. tenure-track. position available january 21‚ 1997. to apply: mail letter, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references, including immediate supervisor, to: alvin c. cage, director of libraries, p.o. box 13055 sfasu, ralph w. steen library, stephen f. austin state university, nacogdoches, tx 75962; telephone: (409) 468-1414. applications submitted by september 15,1996, will be given first consideration; applications will be accepted until position is filled. sfasu is an aa/eeo employer. this advertisement and position description can be found at http:// www.libweb.sfasu.edu/. head of cataloging department. kennedy library. senior assistant/associate librarian; 12-month, tenure-track position in a technologically innovative library. position available january 1 ‚ 1997. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience ($41,676 minimum). incumbent is responsible for: directing personnel activi­ ties of team-oriented department of six fte support staff; planning and implementing policies and procedures for the creation, mainte­ nance, and quality control of the library’s bibliographic records, including catalog database input and maintenance, authority work, and retrospective conversion; for supervising monographic and seri­ als subsections, including postcataloging book processing; coordina­ ting cataloging activities with other library departments. reports directly to dean of library services, and represents the department on the library advisory council. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree and five years of progressive cataloging experience in an academic library, including management experience. knowledge of and experience with an online public access catalog and other automated systems, including oclc and innopac. master’s degree in subject field (or equivalency) required for tenure/promotion. submit letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three professional references to: office of the dean of library services, robert e. kennedy library, california polytechnic state university, san luis obispo, ca 93407; telephone: (805) 756 2345 (refer to recruitment code #63099). expanded job description is http://www.libweb.sfasu.edu/ 468/c&rl news head of cataloging university of california, santa barbara the head of cataloging will have responsibility for developing an organizational structure and work flow which reflect a vision for the 21st century. the successful candidate will provide leadership to improve w orkflow and productivity, and to establish priorities for providing access to the library’s collections and information available remotely, selective outsourcing and providing access to internet resources are just some of the issues the head of cataloging would be expected to address. the head of cataloging will work cooperatively with other departm ent heads and coordinators in the developm ent and provision of continually improving information services. requires: mls from an ala-accredited library school. substantial cataloging experience, including m anaging a cataloging unit or special project, high-level working knowledge of national cataloging and classification standards and trends. experience with automated bibliographic utilities such as oclc and rlin; experience with autom ated library systems such as notis. demonstrated leadership, adm inis­ trative, and supervisory experience. strong interpersonal skills, excellent oral and written com m unica­ tion skills. ability to foster change and to w ork cooperatively with others; ability to w ork in and interest in promoting a culturally diverse environment. knowledge of current trends in cataloging; evidence of contribution to the library profession. appointment at associate librarian o r librarian level. salary range: $43,032 to $62,004. applications will be reviewed starting septem ber 1 ‚ 1996. send resume and names and addresses of three references to: detrice bankhead assistant university librarian— personnel davidson library university of california santa barbara, ca 93106 the university o f california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. available from http://www.lib.calpoly.edu. application deadline is september 1, 1996. cal poly is strongly committed to achieving excellence through cultural diversity. the university actively encour­ ages applications and nominations of women, persons of color, applicants with disabilities, and members of other under-represented groups. an aa/eo employer. information technologies librarian. knox college, a private liberal arts college in western illinois, seeks a professional librarian to fill the position of information technologies librarian. reporting to the assistant librarian, the information technologies librarian maintains and develops an integrated horizon client-server library system (opac, cataloging, acquisitions, and circulation mod­ ules currently in place); plans and implements the delivery of digital and networked information services throughout campus; and pro­ vides reference services to library clients. we seek a candidate who will be able to both present sophisticated concepts to our system’s users in individual and group instructional settings and translate automated system features and developments into services de­ signed to reinforce and further knox’s academic mission. knox college’s seymour library (http://wwwlib.knox.edu) houses 275,000 volumes in a recently renovated central library, and science and music branch libraries. it employs a staff of 13.5 ftes. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references by july 15,1996, to: jeffrey douglas, director of the library, box k-127, knox college, galesburg, il 61401. in keeping with its 150-year tradition of educat­ ing women and minorities, knox is an equal opportunity employer encouraging applications by female and minority candidates. library director. this health sciences campus seeks a cre­ ative and dynamic library director to lead the library into the 21st century. the uams library, the major health sciences information resource for the state, provides a variety of resources and services to meet the information needs of the colleges of health related professions, medicine, nursing, and pharmacy, the graduate school, and the 340-bed university hospital, and serves as a resource library for the national network of libraries of medicine south central region. there is a vigorous area health education center program spanning the entire state, and close affiliations are maintained with arkansas children’s hospital, the john l. mcclellan memorial veter­ ans affairs medical center, and other campuses of the university of arkansas system. located in little rock, the campus enjoys the advantages of a vibrant state capital along with easy access to the countryside of the natural state. the greater little rock metropolitan area has a population of 500,000. the climate is moderate with a yearly average temperature of 62 and is ideally located for a variety of outdoor activities. reporting to the vice chancellor for academic affairs, the director provides vision and strategic leadership in the planning and execution of the library’s services and provides leader­ ship to the campus on library, information technology, and educational technology issues. the director is responsible for the overall admin­ istration and development of the library, including collections and resource development, planning, and fiscal management. the suc­ cessful candidate must have an ala-accredited advanced library degree and a minimum of 7 years’ experience in an academic health sciences library with a distinguished record of at least five years of progressively higher administrative responsibilities. the successful candidate will have proven leadership, management, and interper­ sonal communication skills that foster teamwork and substantial knowledge of, and involvement with, current issues and develop­ ments in health sciences librarianship and electronic information management, and a deep interest in and commitment to faculty services. experience in managing large budgets and success in obtaining and administering grants and other sources of funding, and membership in the academy of health information professionals are preferred. the position offers a competitive benefits plan, with a salary minimum of $75,000. for more information about the library, uams, little rock, and arkansas, consult the library’s homepage at http:// www.library.uams.edu. consideration of applications will begin au­ gust 1 ‚ 1996, and continue until the position is filled. candidates should send letter of interest, complete cv, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: search committee for library http://www.lib.calpoly.edu http://wwwlib.knox.edu http://www.library.uams.edu july/august 1996/469 director, office of the vice chancellor for academic affairs, mail slot 541‚ university of arkansas for medical sciences, 4301 w. markham street, little rock, ar 72205. uams is an equal opportunity em­ ployer. minority and female candidates are encouraged to apply. library systems manager. clarion university of pennsylva­ nia seeks a person experienced in implementing, managing, and providing support for an online integrated library system, local/wide area networks, and associated services. the person will be respon­ sible for implementing a new online system, including associated training, backups, and crash recoveries; integration of online full-text databases, cd-rom databases, and internet and world wide web resources. the installations involve the libraries on the main campus and one branch campus, as well as services to other sites served by clarion university. the person in the position reports to the director of libraries and works with faculty and staff in the libraries and computing services. the person hired must be able to play a leadership role in identifying, planning, implementing, and evaluating new technologies as part of the libraries’ overall planning efforts. clarion university is one of the 14 public institutions in pennsylvania’s state system of higher education serving about 6,000 students in undergraduate and graduate programs, including an ala-accredited master’s degree in library science. the university has a graduation rate of 60 percent and an outstanding faculty and staff. the library systems manager will help represent clarion in state system meet­ ings addressing information and library technologies, networking, and training. requirements: mls from an ala-accredited program, with a second degree in computer science or information science preferred; experience in using us marc formats and a bibliographic utility (oclc preferred); expertise in programming, networking, and in evaluating computer hardware and software; five years of increasing responsibility and expertise in information technologies and library automation with experience on client/server systems preferred; out­ standing training, organizational, and interpersonal skills; commit­ ment to diversity and principles of continuous improvement: excellent oral and written communication skills. compensation: $35,000– $42,000, plus excellent fringe benefits. application: send letter of application addressing the position description and qualification, current vita, and names and addresses of three references to: janice horn, chair, library systems manager search committee, carlson library, clarion university, clarion, pa 16214. deadline for applica­ tions: july 31‚ 1996. clarion university is building a diverse academic community and encourages people of color, women, vietnam-era veterans, and people with disabilities to apply. aa/eeo. principal catalog librarian. the cline library at northern arizona university invites applications for principal catalog librarian. under the direction of the head of bibliographic services, the principal catalog librarian performs original and copy cataloging for all formats (except serials); supervises, trains, and directs the activities of classi­ fied staff in cataloging; serves as a resource person for cataloging issues and questions; interprets and disseminates bibliographic rules and practices of the library; participates in catalog maintenance of the library’s integrated system; participates in the departmental manage­ ment group; performs collection development; participates on library committees; represents the library, as appropriate, in campus, state and national meetings. minimum qualifications: required: ala-ac­ credited mls; three to five years of original cataloging experience, including at least two years of supervisory experience. knowledge of and experience with aacr2r, lcsh lc schedules, marc formats, and other relevant cataloging tools. experience with a major catalog­ ing utility, either oclc, rlin, or wln. experience with an automated library system. demonstrated ability to interact productively with members of the library team in problem solving, work flow analysis and decision making. experience in resolving issues in an environment supportive of change. strong commitment to library service. strong interest in emerging technologies and their use in bibliographic control. desired: experience cataloging special formats. send re­ sume, letter of application addressing each of the requirements above, and names, telephone numbers, and addresses of three references to: maggie horn, head of bibliographic services, cline library, northern arizona university, box 6022, flagstaff, az 86011. minimum salary is $32,000. the closing date for receipt of applications is july 26,1996. northern arizona university is located in flagstaff, a city of 52,000 people at the base of the san francisco peaks and is surrounded by the coconino national forest. while we are the academic center for all northern arizona and the colorado plateau we also serve 4,000 students at seven distance-learning locations in southern and central arizona. nau has a growing minority student population and is committed to equal opportunity, affirmative action; we welcome mi­ norities, women, persons with disabilities, and veterans willing to make a commitment to nau’s mission of cultural diversity. serials catalog librarian. the cline library at northern arizona university invites applications for serials catalog librarian. under the direction of the head of bibliographic services, the serials catalog librarian performs all aspects of original and edit cataloging, via oclc, with an emphasis in the serials format; advises and trains employees in the holdings and bibliographic portions of the serials acquisitions record; assists in the training and operational perfor­ mance of classified staff; supervises one fte; participates in the departmental management group; performs collection development responsibilities, participates on library committees; represents the library, as appropriate, in campus, state, and national meetings. minimum qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; one to two years of cataloging experience, with an emphasis on serials catalog­ ing. knowledge of and experience with aacr2r, lcsh lc sched­ ules, marc formats, and other relevant cataloging tools. experience with a major cataloging utility, either oclc, rlin, or wln. experi­ ence with an automated library system. demonstrated ability to interact productively with members of the library team in problem solving, work flow analysis, and decision making. experience resolv­ ing issues in an environment supportive of change. strong commit­ ment to library service. strong interest in merging technologies and their use in bibliographic control. desired: supervisory experience and library acquisitions experience. send resume, letter of applica­ 470/c&rl news tion addressing each of the requirements above, and names, tele­ phone numbers, and addresses of three references to: maggie horn, head of bibliographic services, cline library, n orthern a rizona u niversity, p. o. box 6022, flagstaff, az 86011. minimum salary is $29,000 doe. the closing date for receipt of applications is july 26, 1996. northern arizona university is located in flagstaff, a city of 52.000 people at the base of the san francisco peaks and sur­ rounded by the coconino national forest. while we rae the academic center for all northern arizona and the colorado plateau we also serve 4.000 students at seven distance-learning locations in southern and central arizona. nau has a growing minority student population and is committed to equal opportunity, affirmative action; we welcome minorities, women, persons with disabilities, and veterans willing to make a commitment to nau’s mission of cultural diversity. special collections and preservation librarian. oberlin college. duties: coordinates special collections and preser­ vation programs in an outstanding college library. requirements: sound liberal arts education; academic library experience; knowl­ edge of rare books and special collections, preservation and conser­ vation techniques, and preservation program administration; demon­ strated supervisory ability; excellent communication and interper­ sonal skills; strong service orientation; planning and organizational skills; commitment to professional development. oberlin college combines a leading undergraduate college of arts and sciences with a music school of national prominence. the college has a long history of leadership in educating women and minorities, and actively seeks a racially, ethnically, and culturally diverse staff and student body. the library contains over 1.1 million volumes and is fully automated. competitive salary, excellent fringe benefits. available summer 1996. a full position description and information about oberlin and its library are available at: http://www.oberlin.edu/~library/search.html. to en­ sure consideration, send letter of application, resume, and names of three references by july 22, 1996, to: special collections/preserva­ tion search committee, o berlin college library, oberlin, oh 44074. an aa/eo employer. systems librarian. the university of south carolina-spartanburg (uscs) seeks a systems/information technology librarian for a 12month entry-level faculty position leading to the tenure track. the systems librarian participates in all areas of library services, includ­ ing reference rotation, library instruction, and collection development, with an emphasis on automation; has the primary responsibility for coordinating the planning, installation, training, and operational sup­ port for the computer hardware, software, and networks in the library, reporting to the director of library services; and serves as the library’s liaison with university computing and technology services. required: mls or equivalent degree from an ala-accredited graduate program (an additional degree in computer science is an asset); expertise in computer systems, including microcomputer networking hardware and software, cd-rom hardware and software, the internet, and other emerging technologies. salary is competitive. send letter of application, vita, three letters of reference (with phone numbers) to: search committee systems librarian, u n iversity of south caro­ lina -s p a rta n b u rg , library, 800 university way, spartanburg, sc 29303. position available august 16, 1996. review of applications begins july 1‚ 1996. nominations and applications accepted until the position is filled. uscs is an eo/aa employer. systems librarian (educational assistant). twelve month, temporary, non-tenure-track position; subject to renewal after one year. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree in library science and one year of experience as a systems librarian at the college level. applicants should have experience with integrated library systems, local area networks, cd-rom networks, pc and mainframe computing environments, html, and linkages to the internet. required: demonstrated competence in programming, in­ stalling and managing networked systems, and developing custom applications for library users; knowledge of developing technological trends in information delivery; ability to develop staff training programs and strategic plans for information resources; excellent interpersonal and communication skills; ability to work as a member of a team. desired: familiarity with the oclc and carl library systems and windows nt lans. a demonstrated understanding of the mission of the community-technical college and its diverse student population is essential. equivalencies will be evaluated. responsibilities: under the supervision of the directors of library services at capital community technical college and manchester community-technical college, http://www.oberlin.edu/~library/search.html july/august 1996/471 and dividing the workweek equally between the two colleges, designs, plans, installs, manages, and evaluates networked library information delivery systems and services; works with the com­ puter services departments to develop linkages between the libraries’ integrated systems, the campus networks, the statewide library network, and systems of other community-technical col­ leges. responsible for development of custom applications for library users, including creation and maintenance of w orld wide web homepage for each institution; staff training; input into design of library facilities as it relates to technology; selection of hardware and software; and network security. related responsibilities as assigned. minimum salary: $40,216 approximately annual. antici­ pated starting date: october, 1996. to apply: send letter of intent, resume, transcripts, and names of three references to: marie salamon, director of personnel (ms #1), m anchester c o m m u n ity t e c h n ic a l c ollege, p.o. box 1046, manchester, ct 06045-1046. eoe/aa/m/f. application deadline: must be postmarked no later than august 15, 1996. systems l ib r a r ia n /t e c h n ic a l services m anager. twelve-month non-tenured position. responsibilities: management of the library’s automated system (sirsi) and cd-rom lan; planning, implementation, networking and troubleshooting of elec­ tronic library resources, including opac, the internet, full-text databases, and all public access pc products; supervision of the cataloging, acquisitions, serials functions; serving as liaison with automation vendors and the computer center. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program; three years increasingly respon­ sible supervisory and automation experience required; demon­ strated leadership, communication and organizational skills. sal­ ary: $32,000– $38,000 depending on experience. send resume to: antoinette garza, library director, o ur lad y o f th e lake u n ive r­ sity , 411 s.w. 24th st., san antonio, tx 78207. application review will begin july 15, 1996; position available september 1, 1996. ollu seeks employees who understand and are committed to the values of catholic higher education. we are an affirm ative action/ eeo employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. late job listings special collections cataloger. responsible for original and enhanced copy cataloging for sound recordings, books, manuscripts and other materials with a special emphasis on music and popular culture materials. participates in maintaining local and national (naco) cataloging standards, in helping to formulate local catalog­ ing policies, and in assuring security of collections. public service desk duties as needed. required qualifications: an ala-accredited mls degree; thorough knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, subject headings in music, oclc, and an online inte­ grated library system; undergraduate degree in music or in american culture/ literature with a background in music; excellent interpersonal, oral, and written communication skills. preferred qualifications: reading knowledge of german, french or italian; academic library experience; two (2) years professional cataloging experi­ ence. bgsu is a ph.d.-granting institution of 17,000 undergraduate and 2,500 graduate students in n w ohio. the library is a campus leader in efforts to promote a culturally diverse environment through programs, exhibits and the appointment of a multicultural services librarian. bgsu is a short commute to/from toledo. full-time tenure-track faculty position. salary $28,000. bgsu is an aa/eoe and strongly encourages applications from women and minorities, veterans and individuals with disabilities. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers for three (3) references to: cataloger search committee, attn.: beverly stearns, 204 jerome library, bowling green state university, bowling green, oh 43403. applications postmarked by july 31, 1996 will receive full consideration. university architecture/art librarian. the university of notre dame is seeking an innovative individual with a unique combination of abilities to fill this department head-level position. the successful candidate will have: a strong background in architecture and art history; a commitment to collaborating with other campus information providers and faculty in selecting and securing the resources necessary for these academic programs and the ability to identify and exploit new technologies in ways which will support research and learning. responsibilities include: user needs assessment, service program design, administration of a branch library, patron communications, online searching, advanced reference, resource devel­ opment, library instruction, and participation in divisional and library-wide planning. qualifications: graduate degree in library science from an ala-accredited program; a degree in architecture or art history with architectural course work is strongly preferred; a minimum of three years of relevant professional experience; a strong commitment to developing patron focused services and collections; experience using electronic informa­ tional resources; active participation and growth in the profession, and strong interper­ sonal and communications skills are required. previous supervisory experience is desirable. faculty status; non-tenure track. minimum salary $42,000. excellent benefit package. search to continue until position is filled with initial consideration assured to applications received by july 20, 1996. to apply, send letter of application and the names of three references to: sherry veith, human resources representative, uni­ issn: 2474-3542 journal homepage: http://journal.calaijol.org teaching a cataloging/metadata course in a changing world: experience and reflection suzhen chen and margaret joyce abstract: in this paper, we explore the most essential knowledge and skills to impart in an introductory-level cataloging and metadata course. we use the basic cataloging and metadata class in the university of hawai‘i at mānoa library and information science program as a case study, sharing our experiences, thoughts, and planned future direction in teaching cataloging, classification, metadata, and information organization. we investigate what university of hawai‘i at mānoa library and information science (lis) students expect to learn from the class, as well as how they perceive knowledge of and skills in cataloging and metadata affecting their career paths. we also inquire into topics that the students are interested in exploring related to cataloging and metadata. we examine emerging trends and evaluate which information and skills are most useful for lis students and new librarians to learn for their library careers. these ideas are built upon our own experiences teaching these topics. this article synthesizes literature review, observation of trends within cataloging and metadata, and surveys taken by students enrolled in the course. to cite this article: chen, s. & joyce, m. (2019). teaching a cataloging/metadata course in a changing world: experience and reflection. international journal of librarianship, 4(2), 111-122. to submit your article to this journal: go to http://ojs.calaijol.org/index.php/ijol/about/submissions http://ojs.calaijol.org/index.php/ijol/about/submissions international journal of librarianship, 4(2), 111-122 issn: 2474-3542 teaching a cataloging/metadata course in a changing world: experience and reflection suzhen chen, margaret joyce university of hawaii at manoa, honolulu, hawaii, usa abstract in this paper, we explore the most essential knowledge and skills to impart in an introductory-level cataloging and metadata course. we use the basic cataloging and metadata class in the university of hawai‘i at mānoa library and information science program as a case study, sharing our experiences, thoughts, and planned future direction in teaching cataloging, classification, metadata, and information organization. we investigate what university of hawai‘i at mānoa library and information science (lis) students expect to learn from the class, as well as how they perceive knowledge of and skills in cataloging and metadata affecting their career paths. we also inquire into topics that the students are interested in exploring related to cataloging and metadata. we examine emerging trends and evaluate which information and skills are most useful for lis students and new librarians to learn for their library careers. these ideas are built upon our own experiences teaching these topics. this article synthesizes literature review, observation of trends within cataloging and metadata, and surveys taken by students enrolled in the course. keywords: cataloging, metadata, information organization, library, library and information science, student, pedagogy, inquiry-based learning, motivation introduction cataloging and metadata skills are fundamental aspects of the organization of knowledge and information. metadata is used to facilitate discovery, retrieval, and interoperability in a variety of contexts, such as library catalogs (traditional cataloging), digital repositories, databases, and web platforms. to ground ourselves in current thought on the topics of the utility of metadata management courses and the manner of instruction in these courses, we will review recent literature related to the teaching of cataloging and metadata. literature within the field shows that knowledge and skills related to cataloging, classification, metadata management, and information organization are among the core skills of librarianship. ala’s core competences of librarianship includes knowledge of “the systems of cataloging, metadata, indexing, and classification standards and methods used to organize recorded knowledge and information” (ala’s core competences of librarianship, 2009). many cataloging/metadata professionals have emphasized the importance of these skills in information chen and joyce / international journal of librarianship 4(2) 112 organization. in 2002, gorman stated that cataloging is the “intellectual foundation of librarianship” (p. 11). this was echoed by hsieh-yee (2002), who highlighted the ways in which a firm grasp of the theory of cataloging, subject analysis, thesaurus, and classification, etc. would aid professional librarians. carlyle equated understanding cataloging with understanding library resources (dull, 2011). olson (1997) stressed the need to understand catalogs and integrated library systems in a “holistic manner” (p. 52), meaning that the cataloger or cataloging instructor must focus not only on standards, but also on the reasoning behind such standards and the way that their adoption would affect both the library community and the user. in other words, we don’t only need to learn and teach the how of cataloging, but also the why: the way in which these rules relate to other library functions. indeed, gorman (2002) asserts the need for a reference librarian to understand the criteria used for description in selecting resources as well as for an instruction librarian to understand the structure of the catalog when advising on search strategies to use with it. standards are created so that the catalog “can effectively perform its mediating function between the collection and the users” (olson, 1997, p. 52), which is part of the goal of all library services. metadata consistency is important for collocating information and enhancing data exchange in automated computerized environments locally, nationally, and internationally. rousidis et al. (2015) stated that 21 variations were used for fertilization when no controlled vocabulary was used in their project to perform a descriptive analysis of the dc (dublin core) subject metadata element in a repository. the inconsistent use of the data inadvertently affected data processing. this shows some of the ways standardization in cataloging and metadata matters in information retrieval and information sharing. this strengthens the argument that a basic understanding of cataloging and metadata practices will benefit librarians who follow a variety of career paths. the applicability of metadata skills has only increased in the digital world. joudrey and mcginnis (2014) opined that “whether they intend to work in cataloging or not, students will need a conceptual grounding in metadata concepts to navigate the changing graduate education for information organization, cataloging, and metadata” (p. 515). well-applied and understood metadata enhances discoverability for a variety of library collections and is a driving force in building useable digital collections (saumure & shiri, 2008). if lis graduates become more capable of applying whatever standards are proper to manage and organize information within and outside libraries, information will be better classified and users will be able to find and access information in the networked environment easier and faster (hsieh-lee, 2004). saumure & shiri (2008) stated that the importance of metadata in these knowledge organization domains may be the reason that “has led knowledge organization educators to point out the utility and necessity of teaching students about metadata” (p. 660). these examples show that the importance of cataloging and metadata in information organization is evident to those who deal with metadata. however, new lis students may not be aware of the importance of these skills. this is especially true as more and more lis programs do not consider cataloging and metadata a core course, according to a 2016 study (alajmi & ur rehman). chen and joyce / international journal of librarianship 4(2) 113 addressing the current metadata landscape metadata professionals know how important it is to stay abreast of changes in the field. over the last several years, there have been many new standards and practices that have required additional training and adjustments to cataloging workflows. in that time, catalogers have started “organizing information by looking at entities, attributes, and relationships in an “frbr-ized” world” (joudrey & mcginnis, 2014, p. 508). there was the wide adoption of rda (resource description & access) standard based on the frbr (functional requirements for bibliographic records) model, which is a framework established by the international federation of library associations and institutions (ifla) to aid in the understanding and development of standards for bibliographic description (ifla study group, 1998). we now look towards a revised rda content standard following the lrm (library reference model), a high-level conceptual reference model developed by ifla within an entity-relationship modeling framework (riva et al., 2017). these changes represent shifting structures and models in metadata that even the most experienced librarian needs time to absorb. marc cataloging has been proclaimed obsolete for many years, and yet it remains the main schema for metadata used in integrated library systems (cole, han, & schwartz, 2018). metadata and cataloging professionals have seen many projects using bibframe (bibliographic framework) and linked data described as the future of cataloging. standards such as rdf (resource description framework), a framework for describing web resources, and sparql (sparql protocol and rdf query language), an rdf query language, are used in these linked data environments. these new tools have been discussed, tested, and utilized in the library community. we have seen the role of metadata gain importance as ontologies and taxonomies are also playing a crucial role in the semantic web. the expansion of “linked-data vocabularies has been motivated by new technology and the promise of new means for sharing knowledge” (moulaison et al., 2012, p. 2). the organization of information continues to evolve, though modules on subjects such as taxonomies, ontologies, and thesauri are not heavily emphasized in the lis schools’ courses (alajmi & ur rehman, 2016), which can leave students unaware of the importance of metadata skills. as more resources move to the interconnected web, emerging topics such as metadata applications and uses in the open web, ontologies, and classifying web resources will receive more attention. omekwu & eteng (2006) state that information professionals need new skill sets to perform new information service roles. future librarians will need to incorporate these realities into new or redefined roles for information organization professionals. though the nature of our work and the tools we use to do it may change, the fundamental purpose of our work does not. this, then, is what we must instill in new library professionals. changes and the scope of relevant projects and schemas do provide a challenge for lis educators. we cannot ensure that the standards we teach our students will be the ones they continue to use throughout their career. we must accept that “change is inevitable for organizational survival and the maintenance of professional relevance” (omekwu & eteng, 2006, p. 267). while ideally, the students would have time to adjust to current standards before new ones are introduced, in some ways prospective changes will prepare the students for careers in the library field, which is always evolving. chen and joyce / international journal of librarianship 4(2) 114 student surveys in order to gauge the knowledge of incoming and outgoing students in the cataloging and metadata class, we, as cataloging instructors in the uhm lis program, constructed a two-part survey. the intent of the first part of the survey was to gather information on the students’ background knowledge of cataloging and metadata skills, why they took the class, and what they expected to learn from the course. the second part of the survey, administered at the end of the course, was used to solicit student opinions on the most valuable aspects of the course. we used the information gathered to learn more about the students, their experiences, and to inspire improvements to the course. surveys were given over multiple semesters at the beginning of the term from 2016 to 2019, to 48 students overall, with 46 responses returned. in the survey, multiple questions were asked, among which were “what is your knowledge/experience with cataloging and metadata?” (q1), “what do you expect to learn from this course?” (q2), and “what is your main reason for taking this course?” (q3). when asked about their background with cataloging and metadata, about 54% (25 out of 46) of the students stated that they did not have knowledge of/experience with cataloging and metadata creation. about 46% (21 out of 46) of students indicated that they had very limited or minimum knowledge of/experience with metadata creation. for q3, why they chose to take the course, about 61% (28 out of 46) of students stated that they took the course because it was a required/core course. 65% (30 out of 46) of the surveyed students expressed their awareness of the importance of the course and a desire to learn about the topics covered. selected responses for q2 as to what the students expected to learn from the class “this required course will provide me with the important and fundamental skills i will need to be a good school librarian.” “to learn more about cataloging and metadata creation will help me in my professional career.” “need it for cataloging & metadata skill.” “to learn how to actually catalog.” “learn more about cataloging & metadata creation. interested in becoming a digital librarian, so will be helpful.” from the survey, we learned that most students who took the class had no or minimal knowledge of cataloging and metadata. among the 61% of students who indicated that they took chen and joyce / international journal of librarianship 4(2) 115 the class because it was required, only a small percentage added language about the importance of knowledge and skills of cataloging and metadata. this suggests that as more lis schools do not require basic cataloging and metadata, library and information science students will choose not to take the class. this could create a discrepancy between the knowledge and skills needed by lis students as future librarians/information specialists in many settings and the education that they receive in library school. at the end of the course each semester, follow-up questions were asked in part two of the survey. one of the questions was “which aspects of the course were most valuable?” below is a selection of the students’ feedback to the question. acquire cataloging skills • gain cataloging experience • learn how bibliographic records are created • learn from hands-on examples gain knowledge of different tools and resources • use cataloging and classification tools • become familiar with metadata creation resources learn the basics of metadata and cataloging • learning the inner workings of record creation • practicing different organizational techniques • knowing more about the unseen parts of librarian work • helpful for the future as a librarian even though some students do not initially realize the importance of the introductory-level cataloging and metadata class, many subsequently discover the value of understanding cataloging, classification, and metadata. as seen above, the practical aspects of the course were particularly well received, as students learned to both understand existing records and create their own using the same tools as professionals in the field (oclc connexion, rda toolkit, classweb). much of the class discussion, though, focused on the “why” of certain rules and the way that the structures of traditional cataloging influence the cataloging of resources, as the students sought to link philosophy and practice. course content and goals as adjunct instructors, as well as practicing catalogers at a public co-educational research university, it is of paramount importance for us, the lis instructors, to help the students to acquire knowledge and skills to prepare for their careers in librarianship. in order to accomplish this goal, we feel that it is not enough to only teach traditional cataloging skills; we must also incorporate new developments in the field. this is a significant challenge since the course schedule is already rigorous, allowing only enough time to give students chen and joyce / international journal of librarianship 4(2) 116 a grounding in key aspects of cataloging and metadata management. how, then, can we prepare students to encounter metadata in a variety of contexts, while also providing them with knowledge of and perspective on different aspects of bibliographic data in the library environment? the field of cataloging, metadata, and information organization is changing constantly, and there are many topics to cover. as instructors for a lis class, we cannot incorporate all relevant aspects into the 16-week introductory-level cataloging/metadata class. therefore, we use a variety of strategies and teaching methods to improve student learning outcomes and encourage students to not only learn the rules, but to think about how those rules were constructed and what purposes they serve: 1. promote student learning. pedagogy, the art, occupation, or practice of teaching, is a topic of interest to educators. pedagogy encompasses theory and a method of teaching based on such a theory (oxford english dictionary, 2019). the content of the introductory-level cataloging and metadata course requires reflective thinking and inquiring learning skills rather than pure memorization of factual knowledge. basic knowledge of a cataloging standard, metadata scheme, thesaurus, and classification system can be transferable to learning other standards, thesauri, controlled vocabularies, etc. only if the students understand the underlying structure that is common to those standards. the most important skill for practical cataloging, then, is not knowing what the rule in a particular situation is by rote, but instead, being familiar enough with cataloging resources to select the right one to use to find the information you need. this relates to a central tenet of librarianship, that we need not always be an expert in every topic, but that our training provides us with the skills necessary to find the answers. recognizing the importance of an introduction to cataloging and metadata class for all library students means that instructors must also recognize that most of the students in the class will not go on to be catalogers. how, then, can we motivate students to think about the tools that cataloging offers them, such as classification, description, and subject analysis? jerome bruner, an american educational psychologist, strongly supports discovery learning. as a constructivist, he believes that learning does not only involve mastery of the contents, but also an attitude toward learning and inquiry and the ability to solve problems on one’s own (boettcher, 2010). motivating students is essential to achieve better student learning outcomes. in the class, we have found it more effective to provide opportunities for students to explore the metadata topics related to their own interests, rather than to instill in them extensive knowledge of cataloging and metadata rules and standards. in the past two years, we have provided students with more opportunities to select their own topics, lead class discussions, and share ideas both online and in class. this has resulted in the students being more engaged in class, as they can relate the material to their intended career path. connecting classroom work with topics that the students see impacting their future roles as librarians has been one of our goals in adjusting coursework. in addition to requiring the students to create marc records that cover description, subject analysis and classification, students are also required to give a final presentation on a topic of their choice related to cataloging and metadata. these short presentations mirror the kinds of presentations given at professional conferences and provide the students with an opportunity to do research and present findings. the presentations also give students the chance to talk about the cataloging of different formats and subjects, inadequacies and issues with current vocabularies, and a variety of metadata standards. these presentations build on the work of the previous weeks, allowing students to compare chen and joyce / international journal of librarianship 4(2) 117 standards and think critically about the ways that cataloging and metadata impact access and discovery. being able to compare standards and not differences is one demonstrable way to show an understanding of both the practical and the philosophical aspects of metadata application. in order to get to know what topics students are interested in exploring, we collect some topics that the students have researched, presented, and discussed during past classes. here is a selection of the topics. cataloging for specific languages, formats, and subjects • cataloging graphic materials • music cataloging • cataloging realia • cataloging rare books • cataloging children’s books • classification for the classics • cataloging magazines and newspapers • cataloging non-roman script resources • cataloging graphic music metadata in other contexts • cataloging and metadata for archival collections • cataloging couture • cataloging materials in museums • folksonomies and social tagging • semantic networks for information • metaloging geospatial data • linked data critical thinking about cataloging and metadata • critique of the catalog • cooperative cataloging • criticism of lgbtq classification and subject headings • cataloging on a global scale • user-centered classification • ethical issues in cataloging • indigenous knowledge organization including hawaiian knowledge organization systems from the topics, we learn that students’ interests within the field vary significantly. the topics cover not only the practical concerns of cataloging library material for different subjects, languages, and formats, but also expand to think of some of the broader applications of metadata. in the presentation the students have the opportunity to address their concerns, whether it be investigating the “how” of the ways that different aspects of works are represented within the chen and joyce / international journal of librarianship 4(2) 118 marc format, or asking “why” questions about how information can be adapted, reevaluated, and made more inclusive. through their choice and exploration of a topic, the individual student has more opportunity to initiate their own learning and apply the skills and topics covered in class to their particular concerns. another way that we have encouraged students to find material related to cataloging and metadata relevant to their interests is by replacing the previously required short essay on a peerreviewed article with leading a class discussion on such an article. in this case, the student who read the article has to think more carefully about how to explain the content to their classmates and come up with questions to facilitate discussions that involve the class as a whole. knowing that they will be sharing their work with their classmates and formulating questions also makes the students more likely to pick topics that speak to them. while including additional class discussion does take up time in an already compressed class schedule, the time is well spent in getting students to consider multiple aspects of cataloging and metadata in information organization and bringing real-world examples from multiple perspectives into the classroom. though we have only recently introduced this aspect of student-led discussion to the course, it has been quite valuable in allowing students to express their interests and relate them to the material covered, while also engaging the students with each other when discussing cataloging and metadata related topics. this direction emphasizes the need to leave students not only understanding the rules and practical applications of providing good metadata, but also recognizing the important role it can play in many aspects of librarianship. we hope that through taking the class, the students will be able to identify the ways that metadata can aid or hinder their work and understand how the frameworks of controlled vocabularies, classification schemes, and metadata elements impact the interaction between librarians, patrons, and resources. in the future, there will be a need to continue to promote students’ learning through pedagogy, learning outcomes, and assessment, and to continue to motivate the students to achieve through their work, involvement, and participation in the course. 2. balance theory and practice in the course. according to the oxford english dictionary, a theory is the conceptual fundamentals of a subject or area of study (oxford english dictionary, 2019). theorizing and conceptualizing information are the practices of establishing the phenomenon of study for a discipline and refining the phenomenon studied by the discipline; they are essential analytic practices for establishing a discipline (carlin, 2009). on the other hand, learning theory is a way and process of understanding a discipline. in the profession of librarianship, technology is changing constantly. rules in cataloging and metadata are changing as well. the basic knowledge of theory such as cataloging, authority control, subject headings, and thesaurus will be helpful for students to apply the fundamentals of cataloging to the organization of information resources in all kinds of formats (hsieh-yee, 2010). one of the many challenges in an introduction to cataloging and metadata class is striking the right balance between theory and the very practical rules involved in creating standardized metadata. should instructors focus on preparing students to create records or helping students understand the organizational principles behind current practices? this conundrum mirrors the larger one in lis instruction: wanting our students to be prepared both to do practical library work and to think critically about the underlying aspects of the profession. as in many situations, we have found that the most valuable thing might be to have a bit of both. chen and joyce / international journal of librarianship 4(2) 119 regarding theory, the course outcomes are achieved through lectures, readings, and discussions relating to the concerns current cataloging practice was created to address. in this way, students learn the structures common to a variety of metadata standards and leave the class able to identify issues with the application of metadata practices in various settings. though we cannot give comprehensive focus to the different areas of metadata skill, giving space to talk about the theory and evolution of knowledge organization helps the students to think critically about the current issues in cataloging and metadata in information organization. the class provides hands-on experience through the quizzes covering different aspects of cataloging. these topics converge in the students’ final project: the creation of five complete metadata records that allow them to synthesize their understanding of description, subject analysis, and classification. in order to give the students practical experiences in metadata creation in a broader context, we also collaborated with the cala (chinese american librarians association) academic resource & repository system (calasys), getting the students involved in hands-on metadata experience through the cala institutional repository, which stores materials and documents including publications, research, reports, and datasets. the students create metadata records for the institutional repository, utilizing the skills they have learned throughout the course. 3. balance traditional cataloging knowledge and skills in library settings and metadata in the semantic web. there is an increasing awareness that library users and information seekers become more self-sufficient and move beyond library collections in the pursuit of information in today’s “technology-driven research, teaching, and learning environments” (calhoun, 2007, p. 7). metadata plays an essential role not only in managing library resources, but also in organizing and classifying many types of web resources. in order to provide better information services, libraries have been interested in creating and displaying many other types of metadata besides descriptive cataloging, including “rights, technical, structural, administrative, evaluative, preservation, and linking metadata” (calhoun, 2007, p. 18). in addition to introducing different types of metadata to lis students, lis instructors should also prepare students to “identify areas for metadata development, application, and evaluation” (hsieh-lee, 2004, p. 66). lis students need to learn skills that are applicable beyond the traditional library-cataloging environment. accordingly, course content should address new developments in the interconnected worldwide computer network and enable students to grasp the fundamentals of metadata for digital objects, special collections, and other resources that will be accessible online and linked to one another. the skills and knowledge needed in a library career are evolving. the teaching of cataloging and metadata also needs to change and adapt to suit emerging trends and changes in users’ information seeking behaviors. in recent years, new concepts and new standards have been introduced. new models have been developed, tested, and utilized. as more resources move to the semantic web, linked data becomes an increasingly engaging topic in the field. in the linked data environment, data can be linked to other data located on the web (berners-lee, 2006). in the future, new networked architecture and content management systems will be developed. lis educators for information organization should watch the latest trends and developments. as more web resources are moving to the interconnected web, emerging topics including metadata applications and uses in the open web, ontologies, and classifying web resources will receive more attention. during the past few years, we have gradually introduced different types of metadata schemas and metadata standards, metadata creation tools, and resources chen and joyce / international journal of librarianship 4(2) 120 including linked data into the course. in addition, the students have had the opportunity to work with the web publishing tool omeka and create metadata records in a real-world situation. the class project will help the students have a better understanding of metadata creation in the digital environment. we will regularly revisit the syllabus and course content and incorporate emerging trends in the field. summary based on the survey results from the uhm lis students who took the introductory-level cataloging and metadata class, most lis students had no background and minimum knowledge or skills in cataloging and metadata before they took the class. the basic cataloging/metadata class helped them to gain knowledge and skills in the area and to understand that metadata plays an important role in digital scholarship. we feel it is essential to combine the traditional cataloging/metadata skills with a focus on emerging trends in the field to prepare students for their future careers. “metadata is an evolving area of information organization that is constantly in flux and the technologies used to support its teaching and implementation are changing just as rapidly” (hsiehyee, 2006, p. 2). changes and innovation must drive not only the course content, but also the instructors’ pedagogical approach, as the instructors need to inspire the students to pursue inquirybased learning. as the metadata landscape changes, it is necessary for us, the instructors, to continue to evaluate the course content, our pedagogy, and student learning outcomes. over the past few years, as instructors for the cataloging and metadata course, we have been focusing primarily on the skills necessary for cataloging in the traditional library-focused environment, but have incorporated new content to address broader issues and a wider variety of tools and situations in which metadata, and the knowledge of how to create and follow appropriate standards, is valuable. methods involved in teaching the cataloging and metadata course need to evolve as the nature of information seeking changes. there is a need to incorporate new concepts and developments related to rapidly changing digital technology while staying true to the essence of “traditional” cataloging and classification in the library setting. on the one hand, we acknowledge that topics such as classification, cataloging, and indexing form the backbone of knowledge organization education (alajmi & ur rehman, 2016); on the other hand, we understand that to remain relevant, lis instructors must take the opportunity to learn and equip ourselves with updated knowledge and skills in the field. this will allow us to incorporate new developments in the curriculum to reflect the changes in the information world and provide useful and enriching experiences for the students, no matter their experience or focus. references ala council. 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(2006). roadmap to change: emerging roles for information professionals. library review, 55(4), 267–277. https://doi.org/10.1108/00242530610660816 pedagogy. (2019). in oxford english dictionary. retrieved march 2, 2019, from https://www.oed.com/ riva, p., bœuf, p., & žumer, m. (2017). ifla library reference model, a conceptual model for bibliographic information. retrieved from https://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/frbr-lrm/ifla-lrm-august-2017_rev201712.pdf rousidis, d., garoufallou, e., balatsoukas, p., & sicilia, m.-a. (2015). evaluation of metadata in research data repositories: the case of the dc.subject element. in garoufallou e., hartley r., gaitanou p. (eds.), metadata and semantics research. mtsr 2015. communications in computer and information science, vol. 544 (pp. 203–213). springer, cham. saumure, k., & shiri, a. (2008). knowledge organization trends in library and information studies: a preliminary comparison of the preand post-web eras. journal of information science, 34(5), 651–666. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551507084300 theory, n. (2019). in oxford english dictionary. retrieved march 2, 2019, from https://wwwoed-com.eres.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/view/entry/200431?redirectedfrom=theory#eid about the authors suzhen chen is a chinese language cataloging/metadata librarian at the university of hawaiʻi at mānoa. she obtained a master's degree in library and information science from the university of illinois at urbana-champaign in 2009. margaret joyce has been the hawaiian materials cataloging/metadata librarian at the university of hawaii at manoa since 2017. she received her mlis at the university of illinois, with a certificate in special collections. she previously worked for several years as an english as a foreign language teacher. https://doi.org/10.1300/j124v15n01_06 https://doi.org/10.1108/00242530610660816 https://doi.org/10.1108/00242530610660816 https://www.oed.com/ https://www.oed.com/ https://www.ifla.org/files/assets/cataloguing/frbr-lrm/ifla-lrm-august-2017_rev201712.pdf https://doi.org/10.1177/0165551507084300 https://www-oed-com.eres.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/view/entry/200431?redirectedfrom=theory#eid https://www-oed-com.eres.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/view/entry/200431?redirectedfrom=theory#eid 6--132-701-1-ce-suzhenchen_title 6--132-701-1-ce-suzhenchen-proofread-1 acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries july /august 1983 / 255 productivity in the information age. contact: asis, 1010 sixteenth street, n .w ., washington, dc 20036; (202) 659-3644. 1 0 -1 2 — new technology: on lin e ’83 confer­ ence and exposition, palmer house, chicago. keynote speaker will be christopher morgan, vice president for communications, lotus devel­ opment c orp., on “software: an opportunity to be solved.” fee before september 9: $260 (single day, $150). contact: tasha heinrichs, online ’83, 11 tannery lane, weston, c t 06883; (203) 227-8466. 1 1 1 4 — h igher e d u ca tio n : “ n orth a m erican higher education: shaping the future” is the theme of the first 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mmeettrrooppoolliittaann aarreeaa cchhaapptteerrss ooff aa ccrrll.. tthhee theme will be technological issues and academic librarianship. registrants will receive a library oriented case study designed on the model of the harvard business school for discussion at the symposium. fee: $25 for chapter members, $35 for non-m em bers. d eadline: septem ber 15, 1983. contact: caroline coughlin, associate d i­ rector, rose memorial library, drew univer­ sity, madison, nj 07940; (201) 377-3000, ext. 322. november 1 7 -1 9 — archives: the fall meeting of the midwest archives conference will be held at the univer­ sity of illinois at urbana-champaign. a series of workshops, seminars, tours, and panel sessions is planned. registration and program materials will be available in september from: university archives, room 19 library, university of illi­ nois at urbana-champaign, 1408 w . gregory drive, urbana, il 61801. 1 7 -1 9 — virginia: “independence through coop­ eration: personal, professional 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excellent condition, $2.50 each. other literature books also avail­ able. lc/nuc author lists 1942-1962, $500.00 and 1963-1967, $250.00. contact roberta peduzzi, belleville area college library, 2500 carlyle road, belleville, il 62221 ; (618) 235-2700, ext. 240. 256 / c &rl news ________positions open________ assistant director for automated systems and technical services. position reopened. assume responsibil­ ity for the overall planning and coordination of the library’s technical service operations and all library automation activities. direct sched­ uled procedures for an online catalog and provide leadership in the implementation of other library computer operations. graduate de­ gree from ala-accredited library school. substantial progressive ex­ perience at the professional level in library technical services includ­ ing some years with administrative responsibility and experience in the application of computer technology to library procedures, prefer­ ably in a major research library. salary $28,500 minimum. faculty rank with good fringe benefits. beginning date september 15,1983. for full consideration, applications should be received by august 1 ‚ 1983. submit letter of application with resume, including names of three references, to: roscoe rouse, university librarian, oklahoma state university, stillwater, ok 74078. aa/eo employer. a ss is ta n t director of libraries for personnel services. position available sept. 1st. responsible for recruit­ ment, training, and development of library staff and for development of objective means for identifying job requirements and standards for recruitment, compensations, classification, and promotional op­ portunities. acts as mediator in work related personnel situations; serves as ombudsperson for staff members. performs the duties of this position under the direction of the director of libraries. mls from an ala-accredited institution. courses in personnel work and coun­ seling preferred; 5 years of successively-increasing responsibility in librarianship with some responsibility for personnel management preferred. salary: $25,000 minimum for 12 mo. appointment. appli­ cants should submit a cover letter, resume and 3 reference letters by august 1, 1983, to: gloria lyerla, chair-search committee, texas tech university, library, lubbock, tx 79409-002. texas tech uni­ versity is an eeo/aa employer. assistant head librarian, automated cataloging department vsearch extended). responsible for assisting the head librarian, automated cataloging, in departmental planning, formulation of policies and procedures, personnel management and staff training. additional duties include: m aintaining automated equipment and associated supplies; and assisting in departmental facilities planning. administers the department in the absence of the head librarian and is a member of the bibliographic control man­ agement group, a divisional planning council. the automated cata­ loging department is one of four major processing departments of bibliographic control. automated cataloging provides complete processing services for monographs with machine-readable copy available through oclc; in addition some processing of non-roman language materials is provided. searching, edit cataíoging, data en­ try, authority control, end processing and non-roman card produc­ tion of approximately 65,000 titles per year is supported by a perma­ nent staff of 25 fte and student assistants. required: mls from an ala-accredited program; substantial professional library experi­ ence in cataloging monographs in a research library; experience with an online cataloging system (oclc preferred) and the marc formats for bibliographic data. preferred: knowledge of and/or expe­ rience in authority control systems and procedures; supervision and training experience; good written and verbal communication skills; analytical skills. salary dependent upon experience and qualifica­ tions; (range) $18 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 1 ,000. the state pays 88% of em ployee’s social security payments on the first $16,500 of salary. retirement plans include i iaa/cref. to insure consideration, applications should be received by july 31 ‚ 1983. send letter of application and resume, including names of three professional references and a statement of current salary and salary requireemnts to: robert s. treppa, general libraries, pcl 3.200, the university of texas at austin, austin, tx 78712. the university of texas at austin is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. a s s is t a n t u n iv e r s it y lib r a r ia n for pu b lic s e r ­ vices. duties include planning, organizing, coordinating pub. servs. div. supv. 10 branches and 4 depts. with staff of 31 prof. lib., 50 lib. asst. & other support staff. mls from an ala-accred. lib. school plus min. of 5 yrs. pub. serv. exp. a strong working knowl­ edge of automated technology in acad. lib. is a plus. sal. $35,000 min. neg. dep. on qualifications & exp. send letter of app., resume, and names of 3 ref. by aug. 1 ‚ 1983, to: anna covington, personnel officer, doheny library, university of southern calif., univ. park, l.a., ca 90089-0182. cataloger (catalog department). original cataloging and classi­ fication of monographs. required: ala-accredited master’s degree; knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, and oclc. preferred: cataloging experience involving a working knowl­ edge of several marc formats; documents experience for split posi­ tion; proficiency in a foreign language; subject master’s degree. lec­ turer; fixed-term appointment; $15,500 minimum. send resume and names of three recent references to: judy moore, personnel com­ mittee, joyner library, east carolina university, greenville, nc 27834. applications must be postmarked by: august 5, 1983. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. cataloger, japanese language, c v starr east asian li­ brary. this position reports directly to the head of technical services and has primary responsibility for cataloging japanese language materials, mainly monographs and serials, through rlin; assigning, revising, and training bibliographic assistants; and providing some reference services. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are relevant bibliographic experience; familiarity with rlin, aacr2, lc classification and subject headings; and japanese language competence (native level). preferential consideration will be given to applicants with additional language competence in chinese and/or korean, a research oriented graduate degree, and previous relevant professional experience. salary ranges for 1982-83: librarian i, $ 1 7 ,0 0 0 -$ 2 2 ,100; librarian ii, $ 1 9 ,0 0 0 -$ 2 4 ,7 0 0 . a p p lica n ts should submit resume, including 3 references and salary require­ ments, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is au­ gust 19, 1983. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. c a t a l o g e r . requ irem e n ts: m a s te r’ s d e g re e from ala accredited library school, two years experience original cataloging using oclc and aacr2; familiarity with books, serials, maps, and audiovisual formats. duties will include: participating in retrospective conversion project, cataloging government documents, and com ­ puter software. supervises one technical assistant, also supervises technical services in the department head’s absence. faculty sta­ tus. salary: $14,000 minimum. please send resume, and three let­ ters of reference to: barbara markham, associate director for tech­ nical services, florida institute of technology library, po box 1150, melbourne, fl 32901. circulation librarian/department head (12 month, tenure-track, faculty rank). search extended through september 15, 1983, or until suitable applicant is hired. plan, organize, and direct circulation, reserve and bookstack services in a land-grant university library. supervise two technicians plus student assistants. spend up to one-fourth time at the main information desk including some week­ ends and evenings on a rotating basis. ala-accredited mls and minimum of two years relevant experience required. second mas­ ter’s and supervisory experience in an academic library are prefer­ red. salary dependent on rank: instructor (minimum $17,000), or as­ sistant professor (minimum $19,000). send resume, academ ic credentials, and three current letters of recommendation to: b.j. kim, documents librarian, south dakota state university library, box 2115, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. director of libraries. oregon state university is seeking an experienced library administrator with a master’s of library science degree from an ala-accredited institution plus an additional mas­ ter's or doctoral degree. this is a tenured, professor rank position which will include major administrative responsibility. position an­ nouncement available from: j. ronald miner, chairman library di­ rector search committee, college of agricultural sciences, oregon state university, corvallis, or 97331. salary $45,000-$60,000. ap­ plications deadline: august 1 ‚ 1983. an affirmative action, equal op­ portunity employer which complies with section 504 of the rehabili­ tation act of 1973. director of minitex, university of minnesota libraries-twin cities. the director of minitex (minnesota interlibrary telecommu­ nications exchange) is responsible for managing one of the most successful regional interlibrary cooperative programs in the country, which has as its mission to facilitate resource sharing among libraries in minnesota—as well as between minnesota libraries and those in other states—in order to strengthen the library services provided to the user and to contribute to the effectiveness of library services in individual libraries. minitex is a program of the minnesota higher education coordinating board (mhecb), which provides its basic funding. additional funding is provided by the minnesota office of public libraries and interlibrary cooperation and by north dakota and south dakota, under contract with mhecb. at the present time, more than 150 academic, state agency, and public libraries in min­ nesota, north dakota, and south dakota participate in the various minitex activities. mhecb contracts with the university of minne­ sota for management of minitex. minitex currently has five major programmatic activities: document delivery, backup reference ser­ vice, periodical exchange, coordination of and training for oclc participation, and maintenance of a regional union list of serials (muls). the director of minitex has responsibility for management of these programs, each of which is headed by a coordinator who reports to the minitex director. the minitex director, in turn, re­ ports to the director of the university of minnesota libraries, under the agreement between the university of mhecb. minitex is lo­ cated in wilson library on the university of minnesota campus. it has an annual operating budget of approximately $850,000 and a staff of approximately 32 fte, including four professionals. with regard to policy and program priorities, the director of minitex is responsible to the director of program planning and coordination at mhecb. a minitex advisory committee, comprised of representatives of the various types of libraries who participate in the program and the agencies with whom mhecb contracts for minitex services, ad­ july /august 1983 / 257 vises the minitex director and the mhecb director of program planning and coordination regarding minitex policy and program directions. the mhecb is ultimately responsible for minitex policy. the director of minitex represents minitex in appropriate state, regional, and national forums, and is expected to provide effective and innovative leadership, on behalf of minitex and its participants, in furthering interlibrary cooperation at the state, regional, and na­ tional levels. applicants for this position must have demonstrated skills in management, planning, communication, and interpersonal relations. they must have a sophisticated knowledge of interlibrary cooperation and networking, including developments that are cur­ rently taking place in this area. they must be able to work effectively with library administrators, librarians, and others in a complex coop­ erative environment. at least three years of significant management responsibility in a library—preferably a large academic library—or a library network is required, as is the mls. the director of minitex holds an academic-administrative appointment in the university of minnesota libraries. salary is negotiable, with a base of $35,000. a full range of benefits is provided. deadline for nominations is august 31, 1983. deadline for postmark of applications is september 15, 1983. applicants should send a resume, a sample of their writing, and the names and addresses of three references with their relation­ ship to the applicant, to the university libraries personnel officer. the letter of application should include a statement of the applicant’s view of one or two most significant challenges facing networks today and how networks should respond to these challenges. applications should be sent to: robert l. wright, personnel officer, university li­ braries, 499 wilson library, 309 south 19th ave., minneapolis, mn 55455. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. documents/map librarian. search extended. rank of assis­ tant professor. tenure-track. full range of documents and map du­ ties assisting departm ent head. requirements: ala-accredited mls; three years professional experience. advanced subject matter degree desirable in geography, geology or history. salary depend­ ing upon qualifications to $24,757, twelve-month position. begin september 1 ‚ 1983. send application, resume, names of three refer­ ences by july 31 ‚ 1983, to: ruth hartman, search committee chair, c/o dean of library services, central washington university library, ellensburg, wa 98926. equal employment opportunity, affirmative action, title ix institution. head of catalog department. significant professional op­ portunity for innovative librarian in university library with full online public catalog. responsible for unit of three professional and ten support staff. position includes responsibility for coordination of bib­ liographic files throughout the library. minimum qualifications: an ala-mls and at least seven years of relevant professional experi­ ence, including 1) demonstrated supervisory and management skills; 2) recent in-depth cataloging and automation related activities; 3) experience with oclc or other bibliographic utilities or networks. desirable qualifications include background in authority control, non-print media, online catalog development. salary range is $25,440-$30,672; 24 days annual vacation and liberal benefits. po­ sition is associate librarian rank, tenure-track, 12-month. send by july 27, 1983, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current professional references, and resume with complete record of education, experience, and salary, to: frederick ryan, assistant li­ brary director for systems and technical services, meriam library, california state university, chico, ca 95929. csu chico is located 90 miles north of sacramento in an attractive northern california set­ ting, and is an affirmative action employer. head of general reference. responsible for the refer ence, government documents, interlibrary loan and nonbook units of the unlv library. reports to the director of libraries and super­ vises a staff of four librarians and ten classified staff. duties: coordi­ nate four service units, expand library orientation/instruction and on­ line searching, develop collection of non-print materials, participate in general reference desk duties, development and implement goals and objectives, facilitate staff development, enhance image of the li­ brary through faculty and community liaison work. requirements: ala-accredited mls; five years progressively responsible aca­ demic library experience; demonstrated supervisory, planning and communications skills; knowledge of reference sources and online searching; and ability to relate harmoniously to users and staff. ad­ vanced degree in academic subject area preferred. minimum sal­ ary: $27,000. faculty status, 12-month appointment, 24 days vaca­ tion, fringe benefits. send resume and names of three references beginning august 31, 1983, to: mary dale palsson, director of li­ braries, üniversity of nevada, las vegas, 4505 maryland parkway, las vegas, nv 89154. the university of nevada, las vegas, is an equal opportunity, affirmative action, title ix, 504, 402 employer. head of reference. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or in­ formation science and three years professional experience. course work or background in science, engineering, or computer technol­ ogy desirable. must have ability to communicate well with students, faculty and colleagues. duties include: bibliographic, research, and information assistance; classroom and in-library bibliographic in­ struction; computerized and manual literature searches; collection development; and supervision of two professional, one paraprofes sional and one clerk. minimum salary: $16,000 a year. faculty sta­ tus, 12-month appointment. send resume, transcripts, and three let­ ters of re fe re n ce to: a n n ette m e ln ico ve, f lo rid a institute of technology library, po box 1150, melbourne, fl 32901. an equal opportunity employer. head of reference & informational services at the brown university library. reports to the assistant university librar­ ian for public services and collection development. responsible for the provision of information and in-depth reference services; the es­ tablishment of a communications program to publicize library ser­ vices throughout the university community; the provision of instruc­ tion in effective library usage; the planning and management of information technologies as they impact traditional reference ser­ vices; the selection and maintenance of the reference collections; and the supervision of eight professional librarians and two refer­ ence assistants. r equirem ents: mls d e g re e from an ala accredited library school; three years of reference experience in a university or large public library, including administrative responsibil­ ities; reading knowledge of one foreign language, and a working knowledge of others; working knowledge of automated biblio­ graphic retrieval systems and bibliographic instruction. an ad­ vanced degree or coursework in the liberal arts or sciences is desir­ able. a p p o in tm e n t range: $ 2 4 ,4 0 0 -$ 3 2 ,0 0 0 based upon experience. interested candidates should send letter of applications, resume, and names of three references by august 1 ‚ 1983, to: gloria hagberg, brown university library, providence, rl 02912. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. microforms librarian. northern illinois university has an an­ ticipated january 1984 opening for a qualified microforms librarian. mls from an accredited library school and a second master’s de­ gree or 30 hours of graduate work required. at least 2 years experi­ ence as a microforms librarian preferred with emphasis in collection development, bibliographic control, reference service, and knowl­ edge of microforms cataloging desirable. duties include: providing reference service, bibliographic control, reader access, and collec­ tion development in a microforms depoartment which now holds 1.2 million units of microforms; supervising at least one civil service em­ ployee. $16,200 minimum for a 12 month contract; illinois retire­ ment system; one month vacation; academic status. apply by sep­ tem ber 30, 1983, by sending resume, placem ent file, official transcripts and 3 letters of recommendation to: george m. nenonen, personnel director, university libraries, northern illinois university, dekalb, il 60115. northern illinois university is an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. monograph original cataloger, university of georgia (salary minimum $14,800). duties: responsible to the head of the monograph original cataloging section of the cataloging depart­ ment for performing original cataloging of monographic materials in all subjects and languages with particular emphasis on science ma­ terials. the cataloging department, comprised of 30 staff members, catalogs 47,000 books, serials, microforms and nonprint materials yearly. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library school; knowledge of aacr, aacr2 and lc classification and subject headings; ability to work with broad range of subjects and lan­ guages; good oral and written communication skills; cataloging ex­ perience in a large academic or research library preferred; back­ ground in sciences preferred; experience with oclc cataloging preferred; knowledge of other automated systems applicable to li­ braries desirable. application procedure: send letter of application by august 8,1983, including resume and names of three references to: bonnie jackson clemens, assistant director for administrative services, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. original cataloging, associate librarian ii and associate li­ brarian i. catalogs and classifies library materials in a variety of sub­ jects and languages; tags data for input to oclc copy and proof­ reads oclc records. prepares and files name/title authority cards in catalog. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited program and knowledge of at least one modern european language required. background in the fine arts and/or russian language strongly prefer­ red. associate librarian ii position: minimum salary $15,700; excel­ lent fringe benefits; revises other catalogers work; one year catalog­ ing experience using lc classification and aacr2 rules required; oclc experience highly desirable. associate librarian i position: minimum salary $14,700; excellent fringe benefits, working knowl­ edge of lc and aacr2 rules required; familiarity with oclc desir­ able. for full consideration, submit resume and specify position, with names of 3 references by july 31 ‚ 1983, to: university of maryland libraries, personnel officer, mckeldin library, college park, md 20742. aa/eoe. psychological & social sciences librarian. search extended. requirements: mls (ala-accredited); minimum of 4 years professional academic library reference experience in the so­ cial sciences with emphasis on psychology. desired qualifications: reference experience including computer-based information ser­ vices. second master’s degree in psychology or related field in the 258 / c&rl news social sciences; familiarity with databases; and reading knowledge of one west european language helpful. supervisory and interper­ sonal skills needed. ability to adapt library procedures to changing needs of students and faculty members in an intellectually challeng­ ing environment. in the psychological sciences library, coordinates collection development and public services including staff supervi­ sion and liaison work with the faculty and other campus libraries. in the humanities, social science and education library, provides ref­ erence service, database searching, and liaison to the teaching fac­ ulty with an emphasis on the social sciences. members of the library faculty must meet purdue university requirements (excellence in li­ brarianship, publishing, research, and service) for promotion and tenure. 12-month appointment with faculty status and responsibili­ ties; rank commensurate with education and experience. annual va­ cation of 22 days. group life, major medical, and disability insurance plans are in effect as are tiaa/cref and social security coverage. salary: $17,000 and up depending on qualifications. application deadline: august 31 ‚ 1983. send resume and list of references to: thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue university, west lafayette, in 47907. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian. a permanent position available august 21, 1983. under the general direction of the assistant director for central reference services provides bibliographic, research and reference assistance to library users during scheduled hours (includ­ ing some nights and weekends). participates in the department's user education programs, conducts online searches and contributes to the development and improvement of reference services. re­ quired: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school, or its equivalent. evidence of a positive and thorough commitment to public service. evidence of the ability to make an ef­ fective contribution to the provision of high quality reference services in a changing and demanding environment. ability to work well with a diverse academic clientele both individually and in groups. broad knowledge of reference sources and good bibliographic skills. evi­ dence of ability to meet university standards of research, publication, and professional service. preferred: reference experience in a large academic or research library. background in, or experience with, online search services. knowledge of u.s. government documents and library automation. desirable: reading knowledge of one or more western european languages. librarians have faculty rank. rank for this position is assistant professor. librarians must meet general university requirements for promotion and tenure (research, publication and university/community/professional service). salary $14,500 upward, depending on qualifications and scholarly creden­ tials. send complete resume with names and addresses of five refer­ ences to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, university of illinois library at urbana-champaign, 127 library, 1408 w. gregory drive, urbana, il 61801; phone (217) 333-8169. interviews may be scheduled at ala in los angeles. for maximum consideration, ap­ plications and nominations should be received no later than august 1, 1983. the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal op­ portunity employer. reference librarians. the washington state university li­ braries has two reference librarian positions in the humanities/social sciences public services (comprising humanities/social sciences library and education library). first position (humanities em­ phasis). responsibilities for music reference and collection devel­ opment; library liaison with teaching faculty in the department of mu­ sic; general reference in humanities and social sciences disciplines; other collection development responsibilities, with preference for for­ eign languages and literature under qualifications. assignment may also include library instruction and orientation and computerized database searching. required: ala-accredited mls; degree in mu­ sic. desirable: experience in music reference in an academic library or professional non-library music experience; background in french, classical, slavic or scandinavian languages and literature. second position (social sciences emphasis). responsibilities for reference and collection development in the social sciences and hu­ manities disciplines. assignment may also include library instruction and orientation, computerized database searching, preparation of bibliographies and other reference aids. required: ala-accredited mls, undergraduate degree in the social sciences. desirable: grad­ uate degree in the social sciences and reference experience in gov­ ernment documents, law, and business. both positions to be filled at the rank of librarian 2; faculty status. salary: commensurate with qualifications. (minimum professional salary $16,200.) tiaa/cref, broad insurance program, 22 days vacation, 12 days sick leave. send letters of application (specify for which position), resume and three original letters of reference to: allene f. schnaitter, director of libraries, washington state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. review of applications begins august 15, 1983. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarians (2), with the rank of instructor or assis­ tant professor. two tenure-track positions. full range of reference duties, selection, bibliographic instruction, online searching. re­ quirements: ala-accredited mls; minimum one year professional experience. desirable: advanced degree in business, science, or social science. 12-month appointment as instructor or assistant pro­ fessor, doq. salary ($15,338-$24,757). available september 1, 1983. send application, resume, and names of three refrences by july 31,1983, to: malcolm d. alexander, search committee chair, c/o dean of library services, central washington university library, ellensburg, wa 98926. equal employment opportunity, affirmative action, title ix institution. science/reference librarian. university of texas at san antonio library. duties include general reference, collection devel­ opment in sciences, and online searching. ala-accredited mls de­ gree and master’s degree or master’s level course work in a scien­ tific discipline (preferably physical), training in online database searching required. experience in any of the areas of responsibility highly desirable. salary: $15,000 for 12 months with usual fringe benefits. send letter of application to: margaret a. joseph, assistant director for public services, university of texas at san antonio li­ brary, san antonio, tx 78285. utsa is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. serials/documents librarian (half time in each depart ment). general serials responsibilities, including cataloging and clas­ sification of serials under supervision of senior serials cataloger: university of maryland college park special collections division seeking three outstanding librarians to head departments within the special collections division. each requires mls from ala-accredited program, four years professional experience in academic/research li­ brary, and demonstrated success in supervision and administration. curator of marylandia: manages department (3.5 fte) with comprehensive collection of published works about maryland; state, county, and municipal documents; maps. ph.d. in history desirable. curator of historical manuscripts and archivist: manages department (2 fte) with personal pa­ pers, organizational and university records, photographs, oral history material. develops the university’s archives program. ph.d. in history desirable. curator of rare books and literary manuscripts: plans and directs work with literary manuscripts and rare books in a wide range of scholarly fields. devises collection development policies and programs. administers the conservation and preservation activities of the special collections division. broad com ­ mand of european languages essential; ph.d. in history or literature desirable. twelve month appointment, $22,700 minimum salary; generous fringe benefits. for full consideration, submit resume and names of 3 references by july 31 ‚ 1983, to: university of maryland libraries, per­ sonnel officer, mckeldin library, college park, md 20742. aa/eoe. july /august 1983 / 259 processing pre-order requests; documents collection maintenance; some public service and supervision of student and support staff in both departments. lecturer; fixed-term appointment; $15,500 mini­ mum. send resume and names of three recent references to: judy moore, personnel committee, joyner library, east carolina univer­ sity, greenville, nc 27834. applications must be postmarked by: august 5, 1983. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. systems a nalysis/planning librarian. under the gen eral direction of the dean of libraries, plan, implement, and evaluate computerized library systems. assist departments with the formula­ tion of long-rang plans involving automation, facilities, work-flow, and advanced technologies. responsible for the library's manage­ ment information system. participate in collection development and faculty/professional activities. ala-accredited master’s degree, pro­ gramming language, and two (2) years relevant experience in an academic/research library are required. a bachelor’s degree in computer/management science or related discipline and familiarity with large bibliographic files and networking systems are preferred. assistant professor, $25,000 minimum. send resume and names of three references by august 15,1983, to: arthur p. young, university library, university of rhode island, kingston, rl, 02881. an affirma­ tive action, equal opportunity employer, m/f. systems planning and head catalog librarian. wes leyan university is seeking candidates for the position of systems planning and head catalog librarian. initial responsibilities include the planning and implementation of an integrated automated system for the cataloging and circulation functions of the library and for coor­ dination of other computer-based systems. also included will be line responsibility for the catalog department. qualifications include an understanding of automated library systems; knowledge of catalog­ ing policies and procedures; demonstrated ability to plan and imple­ ment new or improved programs based upon technological oppor­ tunities; supervisory experience. a master’s degree in library or in fo rm a tio n s c ie n c e re q u ire d . the s ta rtin g sa la ry ra n g e is $25,000-$30,000. send a letter of application, a resume, and the names of three references to: j. robert adams, librarian, wesleyan university, middletown, ct 06457. preference will be given to appli­ cations received prior to august 2. the position is available septem­ ber 1 ‚ 1983. wesleyan university is an affirmative action, equal op­ p o rtu n ity e m p lo y e r. w om en and m in o ritie s are e s p e c ia lly encouraged to apply. technical services librarian, kilmer library available: september 1 ‚ 1983. supervision and management of technical ser­ vices operations. maintenance of public catalogs and shelflist, ad­ ministration of online acquisition system, oversee fund accounting and some reference and bibliographic instruction. mls from an ala-accredited library school, 2 -3 years experience in an academic library including supervisory responsibilities and professional expe­ rience in acquisitions/cataloging. knowledge of oclc, rlin, aa crii, and lc classification. $18,144 and up, dependent upon back­ ground and experience. faculty status, calendar year appointment. send resumes and three current reference sources to: shirley w. bolles(app. 70), alexander library, rutgers university, new bruns­ wick, nj 08903. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian, undergraduate library. provides direct reference service to undergraduates. trains and supervises staff and student employees in the provision of basic reference service. participates in selection for the reference and circulating collections. participates in bibliographic instruction program, including planning, materials preparation and extensive contact with students through both classroom teaching and assistance at the reference desk related to assignments. assists head librarian in planning and administering library services. requires some evening and occasional weekend hours. required: mls from ala-accredited program; ability to communicate clearly and effectively, both orally and in writing. desirable: reference experience; bibliographic instruction or teaching experience; experience with online bibliographic systems. faculty are expected to meet university requirements for promotion and tenure, including research, publication and service. salary: $16,320-$18,600. apply by 15 august to: sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state university libraries, 1858 neil avenue mall, columbus, oh 43210. include resume with names, addresses and telephone numbers of at least three references. an aa/eeo employer. qualified women, minority and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. catalog librarian. responsible for original cataloging of monographic materials, including specialized and non-book materials. descriptive and subject cataloging and library of congress classification, using most current aacr rules. formatting and marc tagging copy for input into the washington library network. one position will include responsibility for music cataloging. required: ala-accredited mls. desirable: experience in working with lc classification and subject headings, marc tagging, aacr2, western and cyrillic languages, nonprint and specialized materials, and experience with library networking and bibliographic utilities (preferably wln). in addition, experience in music cataloging is desirable for one position. position currently vacant. rank: librarian 2, faculty status. salary: commensurate with qualifications (minimum professional salary $16,200). tiaa/cref, broad insurance program, 22 days annual leave and 12 days sick leave per year. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: allene f. schnaitter, director of libraries, washington state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. deadline for receipt of applications is sept. 15, 1983. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 260 / c&rl news reference/technical reports librarian. ucla engineering and mathematical sciences library. share responsibilities for online and traditional reference services, bibliographic instruction and collection development. manage the microform and technical reports collection containing over 1,200,000 items. supervise 1.4 fte support staff. mls, background in sciences or technology and one year sci/tech reference experience; strong organizational, planning, communications, and interpersonal skills; ability to work well with public and staff; understanding of the mission of higher education and student/faculty information needs; reference, teaching, and supervisory ability. knowledge of cyrillic transliteration and german preferred. working knowledge of technical reports, literature and online searching desirable. candidates will be considered partly on how their subject background and skills complement those of present staff. hiring salary: $17,412-$26,712 depending on qualifications and experience. a personal interview at ucla is required of finalist, expenses not reimbursable. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: rita scherrei, director, administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, los angeles, ca 90024, by august 10, 1983. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, special collections. ucla invites applications for head of the department of special collections. this department includes rare books, manuscripts and other research materials in the humanities and social sciences as well as the university archives and the oral history program. the head will administer strong public service, collection development, donor relations, and automated technical processing programs; will manage the fiscal resources; will supervise 15 full-time staff members. normal qualifications include an mls; knowledge, research experience, and expertise in handling a wide range of literary and historical source materials; ability to administer a large department; ability to represent the department with donors, support groups, and the rare book community. hiring salary: $21,288-$36,012. send letter of application, resume, and names of references to: rita a. scherrei, director, administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, uclc, los angeles, ca 90024, by september 15, 1983. ucla encourages all qualified applicants to apply and is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, serials department, technical services. reports to assistant university librarian for technical services. responsible for the overall management of the serials department including: serials acquisitions and cataloging. responsible for policy formulation, procedural development and review, goal setting, budget preparation and hiring, supervision and evaluation of staff. department utilizes online automated support system (notis). qualifications: mls from an accredited library school and five years of increasingly responsible research library technical services experience with emphasis on serials. successful supervisory experience mandatory. ability to communicate effectively, orally and in writing. knowledge of library computer applications. salary: $21,500-$25,000, depending upon experience. position available: open. send application and resume, including names of references, to: lance query, personnel librarian, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60201. applications received by august 31, 1983, will be considered. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian. responsible for original and oclc cataloging. supervise two support staff. participates in collection development and bibliographic instruction. qualifications: ala/mls, academic experience with oclc, aacr2, and dewey. evidence of christian commitment and active membership in an evangelical church. preference to members of the church of the nazarene. july /august 1983 / 261 tiaa/cref. salary: $14,000 minimum. send letter of application, resume, and references to: esther schandorff, director of learning services, ryan library, point loma college, 3900 lomaland dr., san diego, ca 92106. point loma college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. collection development/reference librarian, biological & agricultural sciences department, shields library, university of california, davis. (search reopened.) provides collection development services in plant sciences and reference, bibliographical, and instructional assistance at the departmental reference desk. position requires a 40-hour week, including some evening and weekend work, normally one evening (7-10) per week and one weekend per month. a graduate degree in librarianship, or its equivalent, from an ala-accredited institution is required. at least three years of reference experience in a biological or agricultural sciences library or in the reference service of a major science research center is required. a baccalaureate or advanced degree in agriculture or a biological science is highly desirable. collection development experience desirable. appointment will be made at the assistant or associate librarian rank ($17,412-$30,648 per year); hiring salary up to $22,284 per year, dependent upon qualifications and experience. applicants should send letters, resumes, and the names of four referees to william f. mccoy, associate university librarian, 108 shields library, university of california, davis, ca 95616. applications must be received by 31 august 1983. library manager, social sciences. major responsibility for planning, coordinating, and supervising reference and instructional services, materials processing, documents services, and circulation activities. collections exceed 150,000 volumes, 1,600 periodicals and 100 foreign newspapers in social sciences and international affairs, as well as maps and documents. staff of 3.5 librarians, 9 supporting staff, and the full-time equivalent of 8.6 student assistants. ala-accredited mls required. evidence of imagination, leadership, the capacity to work effectively in a complex organization, knowledge of the information requirements of social scientists, and demonstrated administrative abilities will be sought in all cases. preference will be given to applicants with an advanced degree in the social sciences. salary ranges effective july 1: librarian ii, $23,500-$30,550; librarian iii, $26,500-$38,425. submit resume, listing salary requirements and three references, by august 31 to: box 35, butler library, columbia university, 535 w. 114t street, new york, ny 10027. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. acquisitions librarian. assists technical services librarian. supervise bibliographic search procedures using print sources and oclc terminal. materials selection, collection policy responsibilities. monitor $400,000 acquisitions budget. require accredited mls, computer literacy, ability to perform as university faculty. prefer undergraduate background in business, science, or technology. instructor rank, entry salary $14,500. 12-months, tenure-leading appointment, 24 days annual leave. submit letter of application, resume, names of three references, by august 31, 1983. apply: personnel office, box 24,070a, east tennessee state university, johnson city, tn 37614. an eo/aa employer. reference librarian and bibliographer. position available october 1, 1983. responsibilities: reference service; bibliographic instruction; resource development; bibliographic support; curricular liaison; online circulation catalog system implementation efforts. required qualifications: experience in online bibliography; familiarity with library computer technology; academic background in science or social sciences. rank: instructor or assistant professor. salary range: initially $13,000-$15,500 for 12 months. to assure 262 / c&rl news consideration: send resume, and arrange for credentials and 3 references to be sent— by august 1, 1983— to: eleonore e. hansen, chair, search committee, bradley university library, peoria, il 61625; (309) 676-7611, ext. 583. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. director of law library. the university of miami is looking for a person to direct the operation of a 275,000-volume law library serving a law school of approximately 50 full time faculty and 1,100 students. the library has been and is growing rapidly with special emphasis on international and foreign materials and on materials from other disciplines. the university is a private institution which accords its law school considerable autonomy. the director of the law library therefore has complete responsibility, under the direction of the dean, for budget, purchasing, employment of staff, and all other facets of the library’s administration. the position carries faculty status. contact: prof. alan c. swan, chairman of the library committee, university of miami school of law, p.o. box 248087, coral gables, fl 33124. the university of miami is an equal opportunity employer. university librarian, the george washington university, washington, d.c. applications and nominations are invited for the position of university librarian. the george washington university is a major private university in washington, d.c., with a sttong commitment to continued growth of its library research collections and supporting technology. currently there are 33 professionals on the library staff, and a collection of 986,000 volumes. the university librarian is the chief administrative officer of the university library, and reports directly to the vice president for academic affairs. the librarian’s primary responsibility will be leadership in continuing the expansion of the collections in order to serve the expanding research activity of the university and its instructional programs, in full coordination with other institutions in the washington area consortium of universities. candidates should possess the mls degree from an ala-accredited institution, as well as senior level experience in a major university or research library. criteria for selection shall include: progressively responsible administrative experience, preferably with large research-oriented collections; a record of scholarly accomplishment and professional service; the ability to work creatively with the university community; working knowledge of relevant information system technology; the capacity to exercise strong leadership of library personnel in setting and implementing long-range goals and objectives; and the ability to work constructively with officers of consortium institutions in choosing among alternative strategies for expanding and developing collections and facilities. compensation will be commensurate with qualifications and experience. minimum salary is $40,000 per year. the position will be available january 1, 1984. letters of application, including a professional curriculum vitae, and nominations should be sent to: dean henry solomon, chairman, the george washington university, washington, dc 20052. closing date for applications is september 1, 1983. the university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. special librarian/information specialist. we are a newly-established arm of two great universities and our task is to build a program in communications policy studies. we’ve been given possession of an unusual, if small, special collection and hope to use it as the basis for a creatively developed special library. a fine librarian who has helped us think about our needs says we should seek someone with an mls, with these skills and experience: knowledge and experience in basic operations of libraries to include reference work at the research, academic, or special library level; knowledge and/or experience in cataloging, acquisitions, circulation and other technical processes appropriate to a special library collection; knowledge and/or experience in using and developing computerized cataloging systems; knowledge and/or experience in use of online computerized technical and bibliographic systems, e.g., oclc, dialog, lexis/nexis/nyt, newsnet. the librarian who joins us will be willing to work at all levels of the operation of our library and our program. the duties will in any case be professional but may also, when appropriate, be clerical. we are located in washington, d.c. the salary will be determined by qualifications. we are an equal opportunity employer and are part of an approved affirmative action program. respond to: librarian, 600 maryland avenue, s.w., suite 750, washington, dc 20024. ("washington hotline," cont'd from p. 239) programming for educational purposes do not apply. the guidelines, which allow off-air taping for very short-term teaching and evaluation purposes, were devel­ oped by a negotiating committee of educational users and copyright proprietors appointed by rep. robert kastenmeier, chairman of the house subcommittee on courts, civil liberties and the administration of justice, and were published in a house judiciary committee report (h. rept. 97-495). * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * notice * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * american national standards committee z39 standards (mentioned in c&rl news‚ april 198 3, p.109) must be ordered directly from the american national standards institute, 1430 broadway, new york, ny 10018. job listing options fo r em plo yers rates deadlines option extra charges acrl members non-members applications submissions no sooner than . 2nd of month c&rl news $4.00/line $5.00/line $10 over phone end of month preceding classified ads of issue mo. of issue no sooner than 2nd-19th c&rl news $10.00/line $12.00/line none end of month of month* late job noticcs of issue fast job listing 1-15 lines 1-15 lines $10 over phone no sooner than 2nd of month service $25 $30 15th of month of issue 16-25 lines 16-25 lines of issue $30 $35 26-35 lines 26-35 lines $35 $40 telephone $30 $35 $10 over phone; no sooner than 1 p.m. each jo blin e (all jobline ad‹ì run 2 wks.) $5 for 1 day after thursday non-prepayment end of that wk. c&rl news ½ page $255** no sooner than 2nd of month display ad ⅜ page $220 none end of month preceding ¼page $185 of issue mo. of issue notes: telephone orders, while not encouraged due to increased risk of copy error, will be accepted. a confirming order should be mailed to acrl as soon as possible following the call, along with a typewritten copy of the ad. all job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. all positions open ads must include a salary or range. for display ads: page consists of 2 columns, each 2⅜" x 7 ½ . * space guaranteed before the 9th; from 10th-19th, accepted on space available basis. **camera-ready copy preferred. july/august 1983 / 263 new reference books published and distributed by gale call or write for our complete catalog pan-european associations. 1st ed. de­ scribes over 2,000 multinational groups in eastern and western europe. $135.00. (so) japan trade directory 1983-84. detailed information on 1,700 japanese companies and their 8,500 products and services. $180.00. (so) china official annual report 1982-83. english ed. a lavishly illustrated almanac giving a comprehensive view of all aspects of chinese life over the past year. the official reference book of the prc. $58.00. (so) europa year book 1983. 24th ed. the basic so urce of in fo rm a tio n on every c o u n try and some 1,500 in te rna tio n a l groups. 2 vols. $210.00/set. (so) science and technology in the middle east. 1st ed. furnishes narrative texts by coun try fo r research and development activities in many fields. (israel to be covered in a separate vol.) $85.00. (so) science and technology in latin america. 1st ed. individual co un try surveys plus facts on funding and administration of science policy. $85.00. (so) world directory of multinational enter­ prises. 2nd ed. full details plus 5-year financial summaries fo r 550 mncs. 3 vols. $365.00/set. (so) guide to the energy industries. 1st ed. 3,000 entries describe primary data sources for coal, petroleum, natural gas, nuclear energy, solarenergy, hydro-electric power, and energy alternatives. $48.00. (so) international congress calendar 1983. 23rd ed. the standard guide to the meet­ ings, conferences, and conventions of major international organizations. 4 issues. sub., $135.00. (so) l a n g e n s c h e id t’s c ondensed m u re t sanders german dictionary: german english. 1st ed. contains 140,000 german entry words and a vast array of variant tra n s la tio n s fro m both a m e rica n and british usage, all in one volume. $70.00. (so) microcomputer market place 1983.1 st ed. gives d e ta ils on over 5,000 separate sources, products, and services in 22 cate­ gories. $75.00. (so) subject catalog—africa v ol. 6, languages and linguistics. reproduces library cards fo r appropriate works from the extensive holdingsof the frankfurt stadt-und univer sitatbibliothek. $85.00. (so) british library general catalogue of printed books, 1976-1982. supplements bl c to 1975. 50 vols. $4,400.00/set. indexes to the england sequence of the blc to 1975. vol. 1 ‚ en gla nd titles index. vol. 2, e n g l a n d s u b h e a d in g s . special indexes to volumes 95-100 of the bl c to 1975. $280.00/set. archivum : i n t e r n a t i o n a l r e v i e w on archives. vol. 29, proceedings o f the 9th i n t e r n a t i o n a l c o n g r e s s on a r c h i v e s . $45.00. (so) world of learning 1982-83.33rd ed. direc­ tory of educational, cultural, and scientific resources all over the globe. 2 vols. $150.00/ set. (so) video register 1982-83. 5th ed. covers manufacturers, consultants, publishers/ d is trib u to rs /p ro d u c e rs , p rodu ctio n and post-production companies, dealers, and video users. $48.00. (so) albania: a bibliographic research survey. annotated, classified list of resources in three fields: philosophy, law and govern­ ment, and social studies. $53.00. (so) these titles are available at gale’s 5% standing order discount. all gale books are sent on 60-day approval. deduct 5% if you send check with order. customers outside the u.s. and canada add 10%. gale research co. book tower • detroit, ml to order by phone: 1-800-521-0707 tollfree. in canada, michigan, alaska, and hawaii: 1-313-961-2242. acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 195 classified advertising deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month pre­ ceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $2.25 per line for acrl members, $2.80 for others. late job notices are $7.00 per line for members, $8.50 per line for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the last day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 31 for the october issue). all job an­ nouncements must include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 9 44 -67 95 for late-breaking jo b ads for academic and research library positions. a prerecorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing subm itted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $25 for acrl members and $30 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. the service lists jo b postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow application deadlines, will not ap­ pear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $5 for acrl members and $10 for non-members. contact: kathy van voorst, a d m inistrative secretary, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. for sale chemistry. private research collection. many monographs. many o.p.’s. mostly '40s to 70’s. wide range. over 600 vols. mr. nichol­ son, box 157, greenvale p.o., greenvale, ny 11548. foreign microforms. any foreign microform from anywhere in the world at the foreign list price. free searching. monographs and serials. imds, 1995 broadway, ny, ny 10023, (212) 873-2100. marv broadbent, box 6, beltsville, md 20705. government publications. standing, subscription, single, or search orders. no prepayment. no foreign surcharge. (301) 937-8846. search service. ex-librarians locate titles or subject, plus 1 50 ,000 indexed stock. pab 2917 a tla n tic, a tla n tic city, nj 08401. phone 609/344-1943. positions open affirmative action in te r n s h ip, university of california, berkeley. the general library at berkeley announces an internship program for recently graduated librarians who are m embers of minority groups currently underrepresented on the berkeley library staff. the program will be tailored to accommodate, as much as possible, the special interests of the individual chosen and to de­ velop the intern’s unique talents and potential. assignments may involve experience in general reference, in a technical service de­ partment, in a branch library serving a department or subject spe­ cialty, or in some combination of the above. the internship will ex­ tend for one full calendar year from date of appointment and con­ tinued employment will be subject to mutual agreement of the intern and the library at the end of the internship year. the intern position is being offered at the assistant librarian level with an an­ nual salary range of $ 16,3 9 2 -$ 2 1,024. candidates must be recent graduates of an accredited u.s. library school who plan a career in academic librarianship. to apply, send a letter stating qualifications for and expectations of the program, a resume and names of three professional references by 10 july 1981, to: william e. wenz, per­ sonnel officer, room 447 general library, university of california, berkeley, ca 94720. candidates who plan to attend the ala con­ ference in san francisco june 26 to july 2 are invited to contact mr. wenz through the placement center, polk hall, civic center or telephone him directly at the library in berkeley, 642-3778, to ar­ range an initial interview. an equal-opportunity/affirm ative-action employer. assistant dean for technical services division. re­ quired: graduate degree in library science from an ala-accredited institution. a second master’s or a doctorate is desirable. special qualifications: a highly motivated, imaginative, and flexible indi­ vidual who has demonstrably relevant experience managing a large technical services operation in an academic, research, or a large public library. should have increasingly responsible administrative and supervisory experience in technical services. should have di­ rect supervisory experience in serials, acquisitions, or cataloging. good organizational abilities with strong leadership qualities. must be very strong in com m u nicatio n skills and decision -m akin g abilities. experienced in working effectively with library faculty and staff. familiarity with academic library services and programs. thorough knowledge of automated systems, especially oclc and automated acquisitions systems. experience in planning for on-line catalog highly desirable. responsibilities: as chief administrator of a large technical services division, directs the work and progress of the serials, acquisitions, and bibliographic control department. es­ tablishes policy relating to technical services. provides leadership in the evaluation and im plem entation of new automated systems. plays a major role in policy making for the library. the assistant dean will be obligated to comply with the policies of the faculty handbook, which require research, publication, and service to the university and th e profession. salary: n egotiable— m inim um $30,cxx). available: september 30, 1981. send resume and three current letters of reference by august 1, 1981, to: margo rathbun, assistant to the dean for management, university of new mexico general library, albuquerque, nm 87131. an affirmative-action/ equal-opportunity employer. assistant librarian. northern n.y. responsibilities include circulation, reserve, stack maintenance, binding and interlibrary loan operations; reference service; training and supervision of stu­ dent assistants; and participation in library instruction program. some night and weekend service. requires master’s from an ala accredited school and two years experience, preferably in an a c a d e m ic lib ra ry . f a m ilia rity w ith oclc d e s ira b le . salary $13 ,000 -$ 16,000, generous benefits. apply to mr. s. farid-ul haq, chairperson, assistant librarian search committee, state university of new york, agricultural & technical college, canton, ny 13617. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-act¡on employer. assistant librarian, reference. position open july 1, 1981. requirements: ala-accredited mls, strong academic train­ ing in the social sciences and 2 years experience in an academic reference department; experience in computer literature searching desired. responsibilities: general reference assistance with em ­ phasis on th e so cia l scie n ce s, pro m o tio n and provision of com puter-ba sed lite rature searching; particip a tio n in subject oriented bibliographic instruction; preparation of bibliographies and indexes. salary: $14,000; 12 month appointment, tenure track; tiaa/cref and many other fringe benefits. send application and resume to royal v. pope, director of libraries, university of arkan­ sas, fayetteville, ar 72701. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer; welcomes applications from all qualified individuals. assistant library director/head, technical services. responsible for performing library monographic/serials cataloging and quality control of audio-visual/special collections cataloging; supervision of acqu¡sitions/process¡ng, serials personnel; limited reference responsibilities; assisting library director. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent, additional subject masters desirable, 3 years oclc cataloging experience, aacr2 expertise, proven m anagerial skills. m in im u m salary $ 1 4 ,0 0 0 startin g sept., 1981. send resum e w ith addresses/ telephone numbers of 3 references by july 1, to: larry kroah, di­ rector, wilmington college library, wilmington, ohio 45177. eoe/ mvhw assistant manager-customer service. america’s leading b ∞ k wholesaler requires an experienced technical service librar­ ian to manage the daily operations of its customer service function which supports two acquisition programs. an mls from an ala accredited school, three to five years of supervisory experience in an academic or research library, exposure to automated library sys­ tems, an interest in collection development, and the desire to work in a dynamic atmosphere are desired. we offer an excellent benefit package. salary $16 ,5 0 0 + . send resume to: the baker & taylor company, 6 kirby avenue, somerville, new jersey 08876. an equal-opportunity employer. will be interviewing at ala in san francisco. associate director for technical services. reports to the library director and is responsible for the managing of the technical services division. serves as a member of the library executive committee which also includes the director, the collec­ 196 t¡on development librarian, and the associate directors of adminis­ trative and public services. this administrative group is the library’s planning and policy making u n it coordinates, organizes and ad­ ministers the technical services division, comprising the serials, monographs order, cataloging, automated processing, and binding departments, with 8 librarians and 36 full-tim e support staff. par­ ticipates in overall library planning, budget preparation, and the formulation of library policies. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited school, or equivalent, required; five years of prog­ ressively more responsible administrative and supervisory experi­ ence in acquisitions, cataloging, or serials in an academic library; thorough knowledge of automated systems, e.g., oclc; ability to communicate effectively orally and in writing. tenure-track position, rank and salary dep endent upon qua lifica tio n s, salary range $28,000-$32,000. twelve-month appointment, tiaa/cref, health insurance, usual holidays, 24 days annual and 12 days sick leave, tuition remission. applicants should subm it letter of application, re­ sume, and names of three persons knowledgeable of their qualifi­ cations by july 15, 1981, to donald r. hunt, director, the univer­ sity of tn library, knoxville, tn 37916. utk is an eeo, affirmative action, title ix, section 504, employer. cataloger. the balch institute for ethnic studies. in charge of cataloging the institute’s printed and manuscript holdings. duties include occasional reference work on a rotating basis with other li­ brary staff. qualifications: mls from an advaccredited school, one to two year’s cataloging experience, and familiarity with oclc and lc classification and subject headings. background in history or re­ lated field and foreign language abilities desirable. m inimum salary: $14,000, plus benefits. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references by june 30, 1981, to roy h. tryon, library director, the balch institute for ethnic studies, philadelphia, pa 19106. cataloger. (original cataloging-sciences). a permanent posi­ tion, open august 21, 1981. o riginal descriptive and subject cataloging and classification (dewey) of monographs, serials, and microforms for input into the oclc system. assignment is in a de­ fined subject area, with the cataloger handling a variety of materials in several modern languages. the unit has a staff of 39, including 23 professionals. it is responsible for the original cataloging and classification of monographs, serials, and microforms in the roman alphabet acquired by the library for its more than thirty departmen­ tal library units and its general collection. original cataloging is a unit within the technical services department. m.s. in library sci­ ence or its equivalent, familiarity with aacr ii, marc formats, and a working knowledge of one or more western european languages required. subject background in science required; physical sci­ ences or m athem atics preferred. cataloging experience in an academic or research library desirable. librarians have faculty rank. rank for this position is assistant professor. salary, $13,000. librarians must meet general university requirements for promotion and tenure (research, p u b lica tio n , and u n ive rsity/co m m u n ity/ professional service) in addition to regular library assignment. send complete resume with names and addresses of 5 references to dale s. montanelli, acting personnel librarian, university of illinois library at urbana-champaign, 415 library, 1408 w. gregory drive, urbana, il 61801. phone (217) 333-0791. for maximum consid­ eration, applications and nominations should be received no later than july 1, 1981. the university of illinois is an affirm ative action/equal-opportunity employer. cataloger. performs original and complex copy cataloging and classification of monographs for northwestern's automated system. we have notis 3 for inclusion in the on-line catalog. uses ddc, lcsh, and aacr2. works may be on any subject, and in any roman alphabet language. qualifications: accredited library degree. working knowledge of 2 or more modern foreign languages, prefer­ ably including german or a romance language. familiarity with marc bibliographic and authorities format, and experience with an automated library system preferred. salary: $13,000 prior to sep­ tem ber 1, 1981; $1 5 ,0 0 0 thereafter. send resume, in cluding names of references, to: lance query, personnel librarian, north­ western university library, 1935 sheridan road, evanston, il 602 01. application should be received by july 15, 1981. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. cataloger. search reopened. this position will be responsible for original cataloging and complex editing of oclc copy for mono­ graphs in all subject areas. other duties include series decisions and assisting in aacr ii implementation. an mls from an ala accredited institution and a m inimum of 2 years of professional ex­ perience are required. previous experience with lc classification and subject headings and a working knowledge of the oclc sys­ tem are required. reading knowledge of 1 foreign language is de­ sirable. depending on qualifications, this position is at the assistant or associate librarian level with a salary range of $15,360-$17,631 for a 12 month contract. fringe benefits include 22 days of annual leave, and 13 days of sick leave. effective appointment date is sep­ tember 1, 1981. send applications to julia a. woods, cataloging librarian search and screen committee, florida international uni­ versity library, tamiami trail, miami, florida 33199 before july 2. interviews will be conducted at ala in san francisco. catalogers. central university library, university of california, san diego. 2 positions available july 1, 1981, serials cataloger and music cataloger. assistant librarian, $16,392-$21,024, or associ­ ate librarian, $20,088-$25,200. under general supervision of de­ partment head, responsible for original cataloging of music or se­ rials in english and foreign languages for three campus libraries with possible additional responsibility for one or more types of spe­ cialized cataloging such as microforms, phonorecords, a-v media, or special c o lle ctio n s using aacr2, the libra ry of congress classification and subject headings; utilize oclc for retrieval of bibchief librarian and chairperson brooklyn college of the city university of new york brooklyn college of cuny is inviting applications for the position of chief librarian and chair of the department of the library, due to the retirement of the incumbent. date of appointment: february 1, 1982. the chief librarian and chair reports directly to the vice president for academic affairs and will maintain a close working relationship with all administrative and academic offices. applicants should have demonstrated leadership experience in budget and personnel, collec­ tion development, understanding of technological developments, ability to work, in a large academic library setting with varied operations and services, with all constituencies of the college and the higher education community in the development and implementation of innovative pro­ grams. the library houses 800,000 volumes, has a professional staff of 30, and services a stu­ dent population of 17,000. minimum qualifications include a masters degree from an accredited library school and ph.d. (or second masters degree). appointment at the rank of full professor; salary negotiable within range of $29,555 to $42,643. applications and nominations by september 15, 1 9 8 1 , to: dr. john d. quinn vice president for academic affairs brooklyn college of cuny bedford avenue and avenue h brooklyn, new york 1 1 2 1 0 an equal opportunity employer 197 liograph¡c information and input of original cataloging. is expected to participate in and contribute to the catalog department through its regular meetings, suggestions for workflow modifications, and by developing special cataloging expertise, and in such library-wide activities as instructional services, the librarians' association, and service on administrative committees. appointees at the associate level are normally also expected to perform one or more of the fol­ lowing: teach cataloging rules and procedures to support staff, supervise and revise support staff, assist in administrative duties within the department. required qualifications: mls from an ala accredited library school; familiarity with aacr2, lc subject head­ ings, lc classification system, and marc formats. awareness of national and international trends in cataloging and' bibliographic control; bibliographic proficiency in one or more foreign languages. music cataloging position applicants must possess strong academic background in music. appointment at the associate level requires: substantial cataloging experience in serials or music with increasing responsibilities in a large research library using aacr2 and lc classification; and, one or more of the following: experience in train­ in g and supervision of supp ort staff, expertise in specialized cataloging such as microforms, a-v media, special collections or phonorecords; demonstrated leadership and organizational skills as evidenced by previous experience; knowledge of an automated cataloging system such as oclc. applications accepted until june 30, 1981. submit a letter of application, enclosing a resume and a list of references, to: martha l. bovee, associate university librar­ ian, university of california, san diego, library, c-075-g2, la jolla, ca 92093. ucsd is an equal-opportunity/affirm ative-action em ­ ployer. circulation librarian. administers circulation and reserve services (including av holdings) of rapidly growing urban university. supervise 6.5 fte staff and student assistants, stack maintenance, under the direction of the assistant library director. involves exten­ sive public contact and some night and weekend work (rotating). required: ala-accredited mls; supervisory experience, strong ser­ vice orientation. desired: circulation experience, knowledge of au­ tomation. 12 month tenure track appointment with faculty status. close to ocean, mountains. tiaa/cref available. salary: $ 13 ,000 $16,000. depending on experience. apply by july 15, 1981, to: karen evans, administrative assistant, atkins library, university of north carolina at charlotte, uncc station, charlotte, nc 28223. uncc is an aa/eo employer. collection development librarian. florida international university. this new position for collection development will be re­ sponsible for the overall maintenance and coordination of the col­ lection development program including collection assessment, for­ mulation of policy and guidelines, monitoring of approval programs and coordination of faculty and staff collection development efforts. an mls from an ala-accredited institution, a minimum of 5 years of professional experience and some collection development back­ ground are necessary. a 2nd graduate degree is desirable. depend­ ing on qualifications, this position is at the associate or university librarian level with a salary range of $18 ,480-$20,256 for a 12 month contract. fringe benefits include 22 days of annual leave, and 13 days of sick leave. effective appointment date is september 1, 1981. send applications to julia a. woods, collection develop­ ment librarian search and screen committee, florida international university library, tamiami trail, miami, florida 33199 before july 2. interviews will be conducted at ala in san francisco. director of libraries. western illinois university. applica­ tions and nominations are invited for the position of director of li­ braries. the director, reporting to the provost, serves as chief ad­ ministrator of the university libraries which includes the main li­ brary and three branches. a new $12 million library completed in 1978 has 500,000 volumes, 500,000 u.s. government publica­ tions, 35,000 illinois government publications, 18,000 non-book items, 500,000 microforms, and has its monographic holdings in machine-readable form for an online circulation system. staff in­ cludes 23 professional and 37 civil service personnel. the univer­ sity is a public institution with an on-campus enrollment of 12,000 and a faculty of 600, offering master’s degrees in more than 30 programs. position requirements include an ala-accredited mls plus a second masters or its equivalent with preference given to in­ dividuals holding the earned doctorate; significant library experi­ ence; a record of scholarly/intellectual/creative activities; demon­ strated leadership, service, and administrative abilities; and a prom­ ise of continued professional growth. salary competitive and com ­ mensurate with qualifications and experience. interested persons should send letter of application or nomination to: ronald rayman, chairperson, library director search committee, university library, western illinois university, macomb, il 61455. position is open july 1, 1981; closing date for applications is july 15, 1981. west­ ern illinois university is an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action em ­ ployer. director of wilson library, university of minnesota l¡brar¡es twin cities. the director of wilson library is responsible for ad­ ministering the services, operations, and collection development programs of the largest and most heavily used library on the uni­ versity of minnesota-twin cities campus. wilson library, which pro­ vid e s p rim a ry su p p o rt fo r the u n iv e rs ity ’s p rogram s in the humanities, social sciences, and business administration, has a budget of approximately $2,250,000 (including over $800,000 for acquisitions and binding), a staff of more than 100 fte (including 28 fte professional), and a collection of over 2,000,000 cataloged volumes and 1,750,000 government publications, as well as sig­ nificant collections of maps and microforms. wilson library in­ cludes the following special units and collections: ames library of south asia, business reference service, east asian library, james ford bell library, middle east library, public administration li­ brary, and special collections and rare books. wilson library has an annual circulation rate of almost 500,000 volumes. the director of wilson library reports to the university librarian and participates in university libraries-wide planning and policy development to­ gether with the directors of the other major university libraries units: bio-medical library, central administrative services, central technical services, institute of technology libraries, library sys­ tems, st. paul campus libraries, and walter library. applicants for this position must have demonstrated skills in administration, plan­ ning and interpersonal relations. they must have a sophisticated knowledge of the library service requirements of a major research university, and they must be able to work effectively with faculty, students, academic administrators and library colleagues and staff. substantial applicable experience in a major university library is re­ quired, as is the mls. applicants should be able to meet the re­ quirements of a university libraries faculty appointment with tenure at the rank of associate professor or professor. the salary, which is negotiable, has a minimum of $33,0 00, including an administrative stipend. the applications must be postmarked by july 17, 1981. nominations must be received by july 10, 1981. if interested in applying, please send letter of application, vita, and names of four references to charlene mason, director of administrative services, university libraries, 4 99 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, minnesota, 55455. the university of minnesota is an equal-opportunity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. head, graduate school of management library university of california, los angeles (revised posting). responsible for the ad­ ministration of the graduate school of manage­ ment library, including long and short term planning needs; developing, implementing, and monitoring programs, policies, and fiscal ex­ penditures; and supervising staff of 10 full-time and 20 -2 5 part-time employees. qualifications; mls from accredited pro­ gram. excellent communication, interpersonal, supervisory, and planning skills. broad back­ ground, with evidence of increasing managerial responsibility, in business or related libraries. effectiveness in developing public service pro­ grams. knowledge of management literature. familiarity with data bases related to the field of managem ent. salary range: $ 2 0 ,0 8 8 $33,972. send statement of qualifications, re­ sume, and names of at least 3 references by july 3 1 , 19 81, to: alvis h. price acting assistant university librarian (personnel) ucla los angeles, ca 90024 ucla is an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. head, access/circulation services, olin library, cornell university. administers overall operations of the department: circu­ lation desk activity, stack maintenance, exit control, management of a current periodicals collection, and the annex library. the de­ partment head, who reports to the assistant university librarian for public services, serves a central liaison function with other library departments and must take an active interest in integrating the de­ partment's services with other information services provided in the cornell university library system. requirements: mls and 5 years experience in academic libraries, including participation in circula­ tion and reference services. evidence of initiative, leadership, in­ creasing managerial responsibility; previous successful supervisory experience essential. salary: $18 ,500 +, depending upon qualifica­ tions and experience. available: august 1, 1981. send resume by july 1, 1981, to paul w. eldridge, personnel officer, 235 olin li­ brary, cornell university, ithaca, ny 14853. cornell university is an equal-opportunity employer. head, engineering library, cornell university. administers all operations; supervision, collection developm ent, reference/ information services. responsible for managing the library’s per­ sonnel and general expense budget, establishing internal policies and procedures, maintaining effective working relationships with engineering school faculty and students. requirements: mls and at least 5 years experience in collection development and reference service within scientific disciplines, preferably in a research library. candidates must have administrative and leadership skills, previous successful managerial experience. graduate study in engineering or the physical sciences and experience in library automation is highly desirable. salary: $ 18 ,500 +, depending upon qualifications and experience. available: august 1, 1981. send resume by july 1, 1981, to paul w. eldridge, personnel officer, 235 olin library, cornell university, ithaca, ny 14853. cornell university is an equal-opportunity employer. head of general reference. position available: september 1, 1981. requires: ala-accredited masters degree in library sci­ ence, subject masters desirable; five years academic library refer­ ence experience; experience with library instruction programs, au­ tomated bibliographic retrieval services, and reference collection development; two years supervisory experience. duties: organiza­ tion and operation of general reference including planning, de­ veloping, publicizing, participating in, and evaluating services in coordination with other public service areas. participate in all as­ pects of library orientation and instruction program. conduct auto­ mated bibliographic retrieval searches. supervision of four librar­ ians, two library clerks, student assistants, and library science teaching assistants. offer reference assistance and train students and staff. select reference materials in the general reference col­ lection and general periodicals collections. applications deadline: august 1, 1981. minimum salary: $19,000. apply to: head of gen­ eral reference search committee, 104 ellis library, university of missouri-columbia, columbia, mo 65201. an affirmative-action/ equal-opportunity employer. head, technical services department. available july 1, 1981. one of three department heads in the philadelphia college of pharmacy and science library. responsible for directing all technical services operations including acquisitions, collection de­ velopment, cataloging, serials control, collection management and binding. supervision of one professional, three clerks and student assistants. p a rticipates in p lanning and other adm in istrative functions of the library. qualifications: mls from an accredited school; two years relevant experience, preferably in a medical li­ brary; knowledge of oclc or other online cataloging system. evi­ dence of supervisory and leadership skills. ability to communicate with faculty as well as staff both verbally and in writing. science background and a broad understanding of library automation and computer applications to technical processing desired. excellent growth opportunity for a creative individual. the philadelphia col­ lege of pharmacy and science library is a medium-sized library (15 fte) in a comfortable, spacious facility serving a student body of over 1,000 graduate and undergraduate students. excellent ben­ efits; salary commensurate with experience, $17,000 minimum. send resume to: dr. carol hansen fenichel, director of library services, philadelphia college of pharmacy and science, 42nd street and w oodland avenue, p h ila delp hia, pa 19104. the p hila delp hia college of pharm acy and science is an equal opportunity/affirmative-action employer. head, undergraduate library. university of michigan. manages and coordinates operations of undergraduate library. works with staff to develop reference and bibliographic instruction programs. oversees collection development. supervises and man­ ages staff of 5.5 librarians, 17 full-tim e support staff, numerous student assistants. plans future programs and services. shares in reference desk assignments. required: mls. 5 years professional experience in academic libraries. broad liberal arts background. managerial experience and demonstrated inter-personal skills. de­ sirable: knowledge of rlin system and its potential for public ser­ vice. reading knowledge of one or more west european foreign languages. $ 2 5 ,600 -$3 4,7 50 hiring range. application deadline: july 15, 1981. michigan representative will be available for inter­ views at ala san francisco conference by prearranged appoint­ ment only. write: jack w. weigel, assistant for personnel and staff development, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of m ichi­ gan, ann arbor, michigan 48109. the university of michigan is a non-discr¡minatory affirmative action employer. latin american bibliographer and instructor of portuguese. responsible for collection development in latin american studies, in consultation with teaching faculty in the pro­ gram, which includes: (1) determination of present and future col­ lection needs to support teaching and research; and (2) effecting all aspects of the acquisition process, e.g., bibliographic searching in proper files and checking reviews, bibliographies, journals, etc., as part of the selection process. includes supervision of one full­ time civil service library assistant and some public service respon­ sibilities in the latin american reading room in the main library. duties of this appointment (eleven months per year) also include teaching one or two courses annually in portuguese literature, lan­ guage or linguistics (in the dept. of romance languages), depend­ ing on the appointee’s specialty, and advising students undertaking research and term papers in areas related to the teaching respon­ sibility. reports to the head, acquisitions dept., university librar­ ies, but performance in general will also be evaluated by faculty of the latin american studies program, and classroom teaching in particular by relevant faculty in the dept. of romance languages. faculty are expected to meet university tenure and promotion re­ quirements for teaching, research, and service. a joint appointment in the dept. of romance languages may be available in the sec­ ond year of appointm ent. available august 1, 1981. $ 1 5 ,0 0 0 $17,400. required: mls from an ala-accredited program; ph.d. in portuguese language, literature or linguistics; fluency in portuguese and reading knowledge of spanish. will consider candidates who have completed all requirements for the ph.d. except dissertation, and who will have completed the mls within one year of employ­ ment. desirable: experience in technical services in an academic or research library; knowledge of and experience in book selection and the latin american book trade. apply by july 15, 1981, to sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, the ohio state university libraries, 1858 neil avenue mall, columbus, ohio 43210. include resume with names and addresses of at least three references. an aa/eeo employer. qualified women, m inority and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. librarian. for automated system planning and development. staff position, to evaluate needs, recommend systems and imple­ ment new technology (e.g. circulation, serials, acquisitions, etc.) the library has oclc, and access to the campus computer (bur­ roughs 6800). qualifications: library degree from an accredited graduate program, some formal training in computer applications, experience in adapting new technology to small or medium sized library’s needs. duties include general reference. knowledge of the social sciences is desirable. salary depends on qualifications (in upper teens). faculty benefits. new position for fy 1981-82. re­ sumes, and references to be sent to: theresa taborsky, director, wolfgram m emorial library, w idener university, chester, pa. eeo/aa employer. librarians. san diego state university invites prospective appli­ cants to interview during the ala conference in san francisco for the following positions: (a) chair, general reference. full-time, tenure-track librarian to manage department of 14 professionals and 7 support staff. demonstrated managerial skills and strong academic background in business required; mba desirable. rank of senior assistant librarian or associate librarian. (b) reference librarians. three full-tim e positions primarily for government publi­ cations department, media and curriculum center, and science department. each will also serve in one of the following assign­ ments: instructional services coordinator; computer search service coordinator; sunday duty in general reference. rank of assistant librarian or senior assistant librarian. (c) cataloger, music and media. full-time librarian to catalog music monographs, scores, and recordings; and non-book media in other subjects. will also serve in one of the following assignments: instructional services coordinator; computer search service coordinator; sunday duty in general reference. ma in music or appropriate experience pre­ ferred. rank of assistant librarian or senior assistant librarian. all positions require an ala-accredited degree; other advanced de gree(s) desirable. available after august 31, 1981. salary ranges (1980/81 budget): assistant librarian, $16,008-$22,080; senior a ssista nt l ibra rian, $ 1 8 ,6 1 2 -$ 2 5 ,7 4 0 ; associate libra rian, $24,000-$28,932. final determination of availability and status (tem porary versus tenure-track) dep endent upon forthcom in g budget. for further information, contact: marti licc¡ardi, administra­ tive assistant to the university librarian, san diego state university library, san diego, ca 921 82. sdsu is an affirm ative-action/ equal-opportunity/title ix employer. library instruction coordinator/reference librar­ ian. under the direction of the general library reference depart­ ment head, this position is primarily responsible for coordinating and building upon a well-established library instruction program in the humanities and social sciences with the participation of all ref­ erence librarians. the assignment also includes reference desk 198 199 service, as well as computerized literature searching and on-line ready reference. ucr offers a unique opportunity for professional participation and development through job assignments, and other library, university-wide, and professional activities. qualifications: required: graduate library degree or equivalent. a minimum of two year's experience in reference work in an academic library. experi­ ence in library instruction or teaching, and an undergraduate back­ ground in a social sciences or humanities discipline. desirable: training or experience in computerized literature searching and some facility with foreign languages. demonstrated ability to com­ municate effectively and to deal with the academic community. salary: $16,392-$21,024 (assistant librarian l-associate librarian iv) depending on education and professional preparation. ucr is a member of the association of research libraries. the library serves 4,500 graduate and undergraduate students, 26 ph.d. pro­ grams, and has over one million volumes. the library employs 34 librarians and other professionals and approximately 120 support staff. riverside is a community of 165,000 just 50 miles east of los angeles. send resume and list of three professional references to john w. tanno, acting university librarian, university of california, riverside, p.o. box 5900, riverside, ca 92517. applications ac­ cepted until position is filled. non-book cataloger. trinity university of san antonio, texas, invites applications for the position of non-book cataloger, available august 1, 1981. primary responsibilities include cataloging of all non-book materials including audio-visual materials, music scores and records, teaching aids and materials in microformat. works under the direction of the assistant director for technical services. develops and coordinates the subject authority system for the mi­ crofiche catalog, and prepares input for the computerized system for all non-book materials. qualifications include an ala-accredited mls degree (additional subject masters or substantial work toward the doctorate is preferred). experience with an automated catalog­ ing system is desirable along with strong cataloging orientation and demonstrated knowledge of aacr2. knowledge of one foreign lan­ guage. preferably german. instructor or assistant professor rank with tenure track. salary of $16,500, negotiable, 12 month ap­ pointment. tiaa/cref and liberal fringe benefits. send resume and letter of application by july 15, 1981, to ruby e. miller, chair, search committee, trinity university library, 715 stadium drive, san antonio, texas 78284. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer north american bibliographer. university of virginia. col­ lection development responsibility for all humanities and social sci­ ence materials published in u.s. and canada, except for science, fine arts, music, education, and special collections. supervises 3 staff. must deal effectively with library and teaching faculty at all levels. faculty rank of instructor or assistant professor and salary of $16,000 or higher, depending upon qualifications and experi­ ence. requirements: mls; familiarity with collection development methods: knowledge of one or more western european languages. applications must be received no later than july 15, 1981. send resume to ms. sada crismond, library personnel coordinator, al­ derman library, university of virginia, charlottesville, virginia, 22901. preliminary interviews available at ala in san francisco. an equal-opportun¡ty/affirmative-action employer. reference-bibliographer. position open september 1, 1981. in addition to traditional reference duties, responsibilities in­ clude collection development, faculty liaison, user education, and perhaps on-line searching, for selected departments. may have special responsibility for user education. mls and initiative re­ quired. additional graduate degrees, experience and humanities or social science background desirable but not essential. minimum salary: $12,000, higher depending on qualifications. faculty status. send by july 10 detailed resume and the names of 3 references to: j.d. williams library, reference-bibliographer search committee, u n iversity of m ississippi, u n iversity, ms 3 8 6 7 7 . an equ al opportunity employer. reference/collection development librarian, biologi­ cal & agricultural sciences department, shields library, university of california, davis. provide reference, bibliographical, and instruc­ tional assistance at the departmental reference desk; select library materials in the animal sciences, microbiology, biology, and agricul­ ture. position requires a 40-hour week, including some evening and week-end work, normally one evening (7-1 0) per week and one week-end per month. a graduate degree in librarianship, or its equivalent, from an ala-accredited institution is required. also re­ quired are at least three years of experience in an agricultural or biological sciences library and a baccalaureate or advanced degree in an agricultural science or biological science. training and/or ex­ perience in the use of computerized databases is highly desirable. appointment will be made at the assistant or associate librarian rank ($16,392-$28,908); hiring salary to $21,024, dependent upon experience. applicants should send resumes and names of 4 re­ ferees to wm. f. mccoy, associate university librarian, 108 shields library, university of california, davis, ca 95616. final fil­ ing date is 10 july 1981; all applications must be received by that date. reference librarian, b iom edical library, u n iversity of california, san diego. available sept. 1, 1981. assistant librarian, $ 16,3 9 2 -$ 2 1,024 or associate librarian, $20,088-$28,908. under direction of the biomedical library’s head of public services, par­ ticipates in all reference, liaison, instruction and information ser­ vices, e.g., works at the reference desk assisting patrons in the use of the card catalog, indexing and abstracting publications and other guides to biomedical literature; advises users on computerized data bases and conducts bibliographic searches on medline and other systems; prepares exhibits; conducts orientation sessions for users; participates in library instruction of students and health personnel; develops information materials. responsibilities may also include editing the biomedical library bulletin and will include selecting materials for the general collection in a specific subject area and liaison with the appropriate departments. may share, on a rotating basis, responsibility for providing services in the medical center li­ brary. ucsd librarians participate in librarywide planning activities and instructional services programs; also expected to be active pro­ fessionally. required qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited li­ brary school; experience or education, or both, in the delivery of reference and information services in an academic health sciences library; proficiency in medline searching is highly desirable; famil­ iarity with medical literature and collection development experience preferred; previous editing experience helpful. appointment at the associate level requires: well-developed reference skills and sub­ stantial previous academic library experience. applications ac­ cepted until june 30, 1981. submit a letter of application, enclos­ ing a resume and a list of references, to: martha bovee, associate university librarian, university of california, san diego, library, c-075-g2, la jolla, ca 92093. ucsd is an equal-opportunity/ affirmative-action employer. reference librarian. willamette university library. perma­ nent ten-month position, august 1-may 30. hours: 1:00 p .m . 10:00 p.m., sunday through thursday. position open: august, 1981. responsible to head of reference services. major reference program emphasis is course-related library instruction. respon­ sibilities: provide individual reference assistance, instruct classes in research strategy, prepare written material for course presentations, p a rticip a te in co lle ctio n analysis and deve lopm ent. salary: $12,000-$14,000. mls from an ala-accredited library school re­ quired. previous library experience desirable. fringe benefits in­ clude tiaa/cref. submit resume and have three letters of rec­ ommendation sent directly to-. sandra weronko, library search committee, willamette university library, salem, oregon 97301. closing date is july 6, 1981. an equal-opportunity employer: women and minorities are encouraged to apply. sciences cataloger or principal cataloger— university of california, irvine: clearly specify interest in either sciences cataloger or principal cataloger. if qualified for both, apply for principal cataloger. general responsibilities for either position: catalog monographs in all formats in various languages; review work of support staff; establish and update authority records, par­ ticipates in setting policies and procedures; be involved in univer­ sity and public service, and in the profession. duties of science cataloger: catalog materials in sciences and technology, and review work of specialist library assistants. duties of principal cataloger: teach cataloging rules, procedures, and marc formating conven­ tions; develop and maintain procedural manuals; review work of staff on a sample basis; participate in performance evaluations. general qualifications: mls degree. demonstrate sound knowledge of aacr2, lc cataloging and classification practices; familiarity with marc formats and on-line systems such as oclc; and facility in written and oral communications; and interest in public service re­ lating to cataloging. science cataloger: undergraduate degree in physical or biological sciences, and/or subject specialization evi­ denced by graduate study in sciences. facility in german highly desirable. beginning and experienced catalogers are encouraged to apply. principal cataloger: minimum of four years recent successful experience in an academic or research library. highly desirable are ability to teach lc cataloging and classification; proven leadership; supervisory experience, and facility in foreign languages. appoint­ ment and hiring range dependent on level of skills and knowledges required. salary range: asst.-$16,3 9 2 -$ 2 1,024. assoc.-$20,008 $28,908. probable upward adjustment on july 1, 1981. send let­ ter, resume, telephone numbers and names and addresses of at least three references to library personnel director, general li­ brary, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. tel. no. (714) 833-7115. an affirmative-action employer. shared resources coordinator at the brown university library. responsible for supervising the interlibrary loan units, in­ cluding bio-medical services; performing duties related to shared resources agreements; providing collection development services in the social sciences; and participating in general reference service. reports to the assistant university librarian for reference and col­ le ction d evelopm ent. r e quirem ents: an mls fro m an ala accredited library school; background in social sciences, preferably history or economics; reading knowledge of at least one european language; three years reference experience in a university or other research library, including some administrative responsibility; ex­ perience with interlibrary loan operations; experience with auto­ 200 mated bibliographical retrieval systems in reference service. ap­ pointment range: $16,100-$20,100 based on experience. benefits include 12-month contract, 22 days vacation, tiaa/cref. in­ terested candidates should send letter of application, resume and names of three references by july 3, 1981, to gloria hagberg, brown university library, providence, rhode island 02912. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. systems librarian. the houston academy of medicine-texas medical center library is seeking a systems librarian to be re­ sponsible for: systems design, development and implementation; evaluation and maintenance of current automated circulation sys­ tem; planning subsequent phases of library's automation program; creating and conducting meaningful research projects; serving as a liaison between the library, the common computer service facility and the other texas medical center libraries regarding automation activities. in-house circulation system on pdp11/34 in operation. this position requires programming skills, knowledge of systems analysis techniques, and the ability to analyze complicated library operations in order to specify new or modified procedures. an abil­ ity to work with statistics, management information systems and data processing equipment is highly desirable. both written and verbal communication skills are also important and applicants must be interested in the public relations aspect of this job. education requirements include an mls from an ala-accredited library school or an appropriate equivalent degree. salary will be commen­ surate with experience (minimum $18,000). excellent fringe bene­ fits. send letter of application, resume and references to janis sharp, personnel librarian, houston academy of medic¡ne-texas medical center library, jesse h. jones library building, houston, tx 77030. closing date for applications is july 31. late job listings head of interlibrary loan for wilson library, university of minnesota-twin cities. the head of interlibrary loan is responsible for the management and operation of an interlibrary loan operation which processes 16,000 requests a year in humanities, social sciences, engineering, and physical sciences for both patrons and other institutions. a total of six full-time positions are devoted to providing this service. the person in charge of interlibrary loan reports to the head of wilson general reference and information services. there are three other interlibrary loan activities on the university of minnesota-twin cities campus— in the bio-medical library, the st. paul campus central library, and the law library. requirements: a master’s degree in library science and a minimum of 3 years experience in an academic or research library, preferably in an interlibrary loan operation, are required. the applicant must have demonstrated managerial competence and have had experience in hiring, training, supervising and developing policies as well as knowledge of the bibliographic tools appropriate to complex and demanding bibliographic verification. reading ability in one or more foreign languages is preferred. this is a professional/academic position in the university libraries at the assistant librarian level with a minimum starting salary of $18,192. all the usual academic fringe benefits of the university of minnesota are provided. the university of minnesota is an equal-opportunity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. deadline for postmark of applications is june 30, 1981. if interested in applying, please send letter of application, vita and names of three references to charlene mason, director of administrative services, university libraries, 499 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. personnel officer. search re-opened. assistant or ass∞iate librarian rank. primary responsibilities are continuation of personnel management practices and staff development programs and the maintenance of personnnel records in support of salary, premotion, and tenure decisions for librarians in a state­ wide university system. other duties include the personnel affairs for support staff and student employees on the bloomington campus. the personnel officer holds a staff position, reports to the dean of university libraries, and supervises a staff of five full-time employees. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; 3-5 years experience, preferably at the administrative level in an academic library; knowledge of occupational structure of a research library with peer review processes; record of professional activity; ability to meet requirements and responsibilities of tenure-track appointment. salary depends on qualifications (salary minima are $14,000 for assistant librarian; $17,500, associate librarian.) to apply, send letter of 201 application, resume, and names of four references to dr. elaine sloan, dean of university libraries, indiana university, bloomington, in 47405, by july 15, 1981. tel.: (812) 337-3403. aa/eqe. cataloger. assistant head of original cataloging: responsible for the training and supervision of non-professional staff and for original cataloging of book and non-book materials according to aacr2, library of congress classification and subject headings, and oclc system requirements. qualifica­ tions: ala-accredited mls. a second masters degree, preferably in the sciences is desirable. cataloging experience in an academic library is strongly preferred and a sound reading knowledge of one or more european languages is required. three year, non-tenure track appointment with faculty rank, status and benefits. approximate starting salary $16,500. interviews available at ala san francisco. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references by june 30, 1981, to mr. donald l. saporito, director, university libraries, university of southwestern louisiana, 302 e. st. mary blvd., lafayette, la 70504. the university is an equal-opportunity/affirma tive-action employer. assistant or associate university librarian. university of california, san diego. salary range: $27,700-$45,400. available after june 30, 1981. serves as one of the principal deputies of the university librarian. under the general direction of the university librarian, administers, coordinates and provides leadership in library services to support ucsd instructional and research programs, and services to meet the needs of the general public. participates in general administrative processes: policy and planning, budget and resource allocation, organization and communication, staff development, and personnel decisions. has line responsibility for science branch libraries and may assume specific responsibility for one or more administrative functions, e.g. facilities management and space planning personnel. represents the ucsd library as appropriate. contributes to the profession, and maintains an awareness of current professional developments through participation in professional organizations and activities. qualifications: an understanding of the scholarly use of library collections and services; an awareness of current trends in higher education and library service at the local and national levels; demonstrated ability to work effectively with research-oriented faculty, library staff, and other members of the academic community; considerable academic library experience, including management responsibilities, preferably in a large research library; mls from an ala-aocredited library school are required. ucsd is an equal-opportunity/ affirmative-action employer. applications accepted through june 30, 1981. submit applications, enclosing a resume and a list of references, to: millicent d. abell, university librarian, university of california, san diego, library, c-075-g1, la jolla, ca 92093. reference librarian, cluster undergraduate library, assistant librarian, university of california, san diego. salary range: $16,392-$21,024. available august 1, 1981. as a branch of the library system of the university of california, san diego, the cluster undergraduate library provides basic library services for students in the four colleges on campus. with an emphasis on the social sciences and humanities, the undergraduate library presently possesses an up-to-date, highly selective collection of 80,000 volumes and 490 serial titles in all fields. works in close association with the other librarians in the unit; provides reference service at reference desk 18-19 hours per week (including seme evening and weekend hours); performs short computer searches for reference support; prepares subject 202 bibliographies, orientation leaflets and guides to the use of library resources; makes classroom presentation; conducts library tours and orien­ tations, serves as a lecturer in the contemporary issues 50, a 2 unit course on information and academic libraries (once a year); recommends library materials for acquisition in various social science disciplines; and selects for the library's heavily used pamphlet collection and supervises its processing. ucsd librarians participate in librarywide planning activities and instructional services programs; expected to be active professionally. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school required. academic major in one of the major social science fields such as anthropology or political science highly desired. teaching ability is essential as is a dedicated interest in a dynamic program of information access and exchange (including online computer services) at the undergraduate level. ucsd is an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. applications accepted until july 15, 1981. submit a letter of application, enclosing a resume and a list of references, to: martha bovee, associate university librarian, university of california, san diego, library, c-075-g1, la jolla, ca 92093. humanities reference librarian. working as generalist with team of lib­ rarians, performing traditional responsibilities in an academic and research library. providing subject specialist services to literature and language programs of college of a&s. duties include collection development, bibliographic instruction and online searching. mls required from an ala-accredited school. master's degree, in british or american literature. several years of experience desirable. salary: $16,000, 22 days vacation. application deadline: july 15, 1981. position available september 1, 1981. resume and three references: philip tompkins, associate director of libraries, university of missouri-kansas city libraries, 5100 rockhill road, kansas city, mo 64110. reference librarian to work full-time evenings and weekends (sunday to thursday). required: mls from an ala-accredited school. seme library experience preferred and science background desirable. successful candidate will provide reference service at the information/reference desk and will participate in collection development. one-year, 12-month contract (non-tenure track) with the possibility of renewal for two additional one-year contracts. salary $13,000 firm. position available july 1, 1981. send resume and names of references by june 30, 1981, to john m. morgan, search committee secretary, william s. carlson library, university of toledo, 2801 w. bancroft st., toledo, ohio 43606. the university of toledo is an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. archivist in university archives. required: mls with archival specialization from ala-accredited school, or equivalent degree in archival administration, familiarity with and theoretical knowledge of historical research methodology, and working knowledge of archival conservation techniques. one-year, 12-month contract (non-tenure track) with the possibility of renewal for two additional one-year contracts. salary $13,000 firm. position available july 1,1981. send resume and names of references by june 15, 1981, to david j. martz, jr., search committee secretary, william s. carlson library. university of toledo, 2801 w. bancroft st., toledo, oh 43606. the university of toledo is an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. instructional services and reference librarian. 9-12 months one year appointment only. duties divided between 2 principal assignments. plan and develop self-paced instructional programs, work books, and other instructional 203 materials. mls, 2 years experience including reference. salary $1,334-$1,781 monthly depending on qualifications, liberal benefits. desire appointment effective september 1, closing date july 6. request full announcement and apply to: chair, library faculty personnel committee, library, humboldt state university, arcata, ca 95521. librarian, external degree program. serving adult students enrolled in external degree programs and continuing education courses. this position entails coordinating the extension of library services to students throughout michigan, library instruction, and the promotion of the use of library resources. required: ala-accredited mls, must be willing to drive throughout the state, and to work a flexible schedule. second master's degree and/or familiarity with business reference bibliography preferred. starting salary range for this 12-month position: $15,700-$19,225, commensurate with qualifications. excellent fringe benefits. send resume and three letters of reference by june 30, 1981, to bart lessin, 206 park library, central michigan university, mt. pleasant, michigan 48859. cmu is an affirmative-action/equal opportunity institution. career opportunity. self starter and well organized individual known and respected by colleagues, willing and able to represent a reliable took jobber to academic libraries. first 1-3 years would require extensive travel in the south with the option for joining the management team at company headquarters. knowledge of library acquisitions and related areas required. remuneration package would include monthly draw, car, medical, etc. minimum salary $15,000. earnings and growth directly related to performance. edward j. lockman, vice president/sales, the book house, 208 west chicago street, jonesville, michigan 49250. institute archivist and special collections curator. will develop and main­ tain the institute archives, manuscripts, rare books, history of technology collections, and others as established. required to work with faculty and institute staff in the use and promotion of these special collections. required: an appropriate masters degree awarded or in progress; one or more years of experience in archives work including demonstrated ability to handle technology and arts materials and artifacts. salary from $13,500 depending upon qualifications. a 12-month appointment with 24 days vacation a year, and faculty fringe benefit program, starts summer 1981. send letter and resume with 3 references and transcript by july 1, 1981, to james c. andrews, library director, folsom library, rensselaer polytechnic institute, troy, ny 12181. an affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. two faculty positions, available september 1, 1981, in ala-accredited school. following competencies needed: materials/services for the spanish speaking (position includes direction of proyecto leer); research, management, government documents, sources in science and technology, business. earned doctorate in library science or related field. research/publications record; demonstrated effective teaching/advising skills. both positions tenure-track. salary and rank commensurate with accomplishments. assistant professor $15,000-$21,000, 9 month contract, plus one-third for summer contracts; associate professor $20,000-$26,000, 9 month contract, plus one-third for summer contract. campus located 30 miles north of dallas. twu is an equal opportunity employer. send vita, 3 references, to frank l. turner, chair, search committee, school of library science, texas woman’s university, denton, tx 76204, by july 6, 1981. interviews at ala conference, san francisco. now distributed by gale gale is your source for key library reference books published by a wide range o f both european and american publishers. gale’s own list o f essential reference tools is supplemented by over 150 titles from more than thirty publishers. all o f these books are stocked in g ale’s detroit warehouse and are ready for immediate shipment. presented here is a checklist o f som e recently published b oo ks distributed by gale. l ik e g a le ’s own books, all o f these reference b oo ks may be ordered on 90-day approval. g a le ’s 5 % discount f o r prepay­ m ent applies, as does the 5% standing order discount. african book world and press. 2nd ed. describes libraries, booksellers, pub­ lishers, periodicals, research institutes, etc. 244pp. hans zell, 1980. $82.00. (so) canadian almanac and directory 1981. for 133 years the definitive source of current canadian facts, figures, addresses. 1,094pp. copp clark pitman, 1981. $39.00. (so) european marketing data and sta­ tistics 1981. 17th ed. analyzes statistics on 26 european countries in 300 compara­ tive tables. 333pp. euromonitor, 1980. $150.00. (so) international marketing data and statistics 1981. 6th ed. comparative statistical data on 100 countries. 350pp. euromonitor, 1981. $150.00. (so) political parties of the world. 1st ed. detailed information on over 1,000 political parties in some 150 countries. 432pp. keesing’s reference publications, 1980. $90.00. (so) whitaker’s almanack 1981. 113th ed. features detailed reporting of current events and social, political, and economic develop­ ments in great britain. 1,220pp. j. whitaker & son, 1980. $34.00. (so) world guide to scientific associa­ tions and learned societies. 3rd ed. covers 12,000 associations in 130 countries. 400pp. k. g. saur, 1981. $150.00. (so) (so) these titles are available at gale’s 5% standing order discount. customers outside the u.s. and canada add 10% to prices shown. college and research libraries ff . ., helen w. tuttle from cutter to computer: technical services in academic and research libraries, 1876-1976 to gain an impression of the technical services in academic libraries in 1876, one can do so no more pleasantly. than by reading "a librarian's work," an article written by john fiske, assistant librarian of harvard, which appeared in the october 1876 issue of the atlantic monthly. it's a longish essay. it takes the reader through the complete processing of a book "from the time of its delivery by the express-man to the time when it is ready for public use," pausing to discuss the whys of procedures followed and records produced in the harvard university library, then, as now, the largest academic library in the country. 1 today's librarian may be struck by the intimate involvement of fiske in the details of processing, but anyone who has worked in a very small library will recognize the pattern. indeed, it illustrates the point that the technical services carry their histories with them, as heads of small libraries continue 'today to do the things which the heads of the larger ones did back in 1876. the isolation of the technical services in a separate division is a function of size more than a change in attitude toward the services-first a separate unit is established to handle cataloging, then one for acquisitions, later ser!als, and finally all of them together as a separate division with its specialist head. the review that follows, then, consists of a look at the vanguard of growing libraries as size forced changes in practices and in organizational structure. academic and research libraries have tended to dominate change and codification in this area of library work, as much in 1876 as in 1976. library heads in 1876 were not only involved in the operations of technical services; they were shaping the tools of cataloging and guiding decisions related to the technical services at a time when decisions were being made which still guide us today. it was as well, then, that they knew so precisely the functions which they were shaping. the importance of generally accepted codes for the cataloging of books was readily apparent to the 1876 leaders who met ·in philadelphia, and the importance which they attached to cataloging is repeatedly made clear. utley, in writing of the 1853 conference of librarians, states that there is little doubt that jewett's explanation of his proposal to make a general catalog through the use of stereotype plates, a catalog which could be adapted for the use of other libraries, i 421 422 i college & research libraries • september 1976 was of first importance for those attending.2 when, during the 1876 conference, lloyd smith insisted that melvil dewey explain the system of cataloging and classification which he had developed at amherst, smith noted that the one idea of special value which he had carried away from the 1853 convention had been that of mr. folsom's . card catalog and that he felt the most valuable idea which he might carry away from the present conference would be that of the dewey system.3 a library committee, reporting in the mid 1940s, justifies the concern of the 1876 library leaders with the details of processing, as follows: the organizing of books for use through cataloging and classification has perhaps received more thought and attention from librarians throughout the years since 1876 than any other phase of library work. this is as it should be because good cataloging and classification are at the root of all efficient librarianship. it is here, too, more than in any other portion of library work, that we are restrained and in varying degree held to conformance with decisions, policies and routines long since made and sometimes seriously outmoded. 4 two new publications of prime and lasting importance were available in 1876 and were discussed by those attending. they were dewey's a classification and subject index for cataloguing and arranging the books and pamphlets of a library!/5 which was the foundation of the dewey decimal classification, and the "rules for a printed dictionary catalogue," by charles cutter, librarian of the boston athenaeum. 6 of the latter, paul dunkin has written that "a wide-ranging, creative, open mind is at work on every page of cutter's rules. above all, a modern mind. cutter did not anticipate our jargon, but he did anticipate many of the problems we describe with that jargon . . probably his is the only book of rules for cataloging which is fascinating reading.''7 the "rules" were not invented by cutter; they were, rather, a drawing together of his study and observations of the experiences of other libraries and of his own in producing the boston athenaeum catalog, a monumental compilation of catalog records made according to the high standards acceptable to cutter. cutter's name appears frequently in the records of library activities during the quarter of a century before his death in 1903, as a voice from the conference floor, as a productive committee member, and as a writer on library concerns. his counsels were sensible and showed careful analysis of library problems. in contrast to the aggressive dewey, cutter seems a quieter, but equally productive, librarian, the respected colleague who worked unselfishly for the good of the profession. the name of cutter, like that of dewey, must appear frequently in a history of library technical services, for they are its first significant codifiers and among its liveliest intelligences. cataloging, which required so large a portion of the librarian's time, was the first function to draw away from the chief librarian's direct participation. fiske mentions that of twenty assistants, seventeen were occupied chiefly with cataloging, 8 but that was harvard, of course. other academic libraries were growing more slowly. george little's paper prepared for the international library conference held in chicago in 1893 (generally referred to as the world's library congress ) included the information that: of 450 institutions of higher learning in the united states only 200 have collections of books large enough to be ranked as college libraries. of these 200 only a third have professional librarians. of this third a smaller fraction are well endowed and organized. 9 l ala's survey of libraries in the u.s. during the mid-1920s revealed that among thirty-three college and university libraries of more thai)· 100,000 volumes, thirty-one had a cataloging department, and six had a classification department in addition.lo in their 1936 principles of college library administration, .randall and goodrich assumed order and catalog departments in a large library and in h smaller libraries at least one librarian beyond the head to be primarily concerned with book acquisition and preparations.11 in the university libraries by this date, order and catalog departments were taken for granted. 7 emergence of the technical services unit the technical services are as old as libraries; the technical service unit is a development of . the .past forty years. donald coney, presenting a paper to the university of chicago library institute in 1938, is credited with the first published examination of the unit organization of the technical processes, as he labeled them. 12 and, indeed, his references to other works do not reveal any prior discussion, as he leans on business and government for his authorities. coney discussed briefly the alternatives of divisional versus departmental administration for the acquisition and processing functions, the decision whether to interpose a divisional head between the chief librarian and the department heads and singled out size of the operation as the most important consideration, a judgment which has not been revised.13 by 1947 the technical service division was sufficiently accepted to be attacked by raynard swank in a presentation before the cataloging and classification division during the ala san francisco conference.14 for the 1948 atlantic city conference, the division sponsored a symposium on "the technical serfrom cutter to computer· i 423 vices division in libraries."15 cohen's introduction to the symposium cited some incomplete evidence to show a trend toward such a division, 16 but each of the five speakers tended to report experience in a single library, speaking mostly of recent developments. that librarians understood the difficulty of realizing the full value of the change is evidenced by margaret brown's observation, "the success of the reorganizationa! plan . . . depends, to a considerable extent, on the cooperation and understanding of every member of the staff. it is the habits and thinking of the staff that require reorganization as much as any procedural details. it is our habits and thinking, of course, that are the more difficult to reorganize."17 logsdon's summary of the presentations noted that the new units ranged from "mere holding companies bringing related departments under . a single administrator primarily for the purpose of reducing the span of control of the chief librarian" to "organizational units striving toward completely integrated divisions." he favored the latter one.18 edwin colburn argued "the value to the modern library of a technical services department" in the january 1950 issue of college & research libraries, and in 1952 arthur mcanally reported the wide acceptance of the technical services divisional plan in large academic libraries.19 in 1954 tauber brought out the first textbook devoted exclusively to the technical services,20 and in 1956, in an admirable exhibition of wisdom, the acquisition and catalog librarians voted to join in a single resources and technical services division to represent their interests in the reorganized ala. the new division promptly replaced the earlier serial slants and the journal of cataloging and classification with library resources & technical services~ its first issue dated winter 1957.21 the voters seem to have convinced even library litera424 i college & research libraries • september 1976 ture, which had continued to use "technical processes" as its heading until the 1958-60 cumulation when it accepted the inevitable with "technical processes, see technical services." how different the symposium presented during the 1961 cleveland conference was from that in 19491 a short dozen years later the topics were "a brief history of the technical services in ~i­ braries" and "the present state and fu· ture development of technical services," followed by two papers on the teaching of the technical services.22 for approximately the first two dec-ades of the divisional structure of technical services, the only serious suggestion for a different alignment of functions was made, as noted above, by swank. his 1944 article, "subject catalogs, classifications, or bibliographies?" showed his serious consideration of an old controversy.23 his paper recounted "the important critical discussions from 1876 to 1942 in which subject cataloging and classification, as contrasted with bibliography, were challenged and defended," and it summarized the principal arguments on both sides of the question. 24 swank's presentation during the san francisco conference25 separated the professional and clerical aspects of acquisitions and cataloging and laid the basis for recommending that cataloging and bibliography would be the natural partners in a unit. while agreeing strongly with the weaknesses of subject analysis as provided in libraries and its crippling cost, librarians did not take up the suggestion. but swank's thesis was not dead. it was to reappear under very different auspices. academic libraries began to use surveys in the late 1930s, seeking to improve their operations and services. erickson identifies the 1938 survey at the university of georgia library as the first one cited in library literature which was made by outside experts.26 shaw, in his editor's introduction to the january 1954 library trends issue on "scientific management in libraries," reported "a trend toward the application of scientific management to libraries-and indeed a rapid one. such an issue [i.e., of library trends] would have been quite impossible twenty years ago."27 these trends influenced the technical services. in 1952 the committee on administration of the ala division of cataloging and classification began a study of technical services practices in large american libraries, resulting in the shachtman report. 28 a follow-up study was instituted by the ala resources and technical services division in 1964, resulting in the 1967 dougherty i'eport.29 the association of research libraries has been responsible for underlining and strengthening the interest of academic librarians in management consciousness. its office of university library management studies, established in 1970, joined with booz, allen & hamilton in a detailed investigation of the organization and staffing of the libraries of columbia university during 197{}-71.30 (are you listening, professor swank?) the result was a study which analyzed the basic elements of university library service. among the five major organizational units which it recommended were a resources group (responsible for collection development, in-depth reference service, and original cataloging) and a support group (responsible for acquisitions, all cataloging activities except original cataloging, photographic services, and fiscal and security control).31 the columbia libraries published a detailed description of its new organization growing out of the report, including a resources group and a technical support group.32 to other academic libraries it represents a significant experiment in progress. john dawson, the .historian of. the technical services for the 1961 symposium, reported that the announcement of the program had brought an inquiry to the program chairperson as to what were to be considered the technical services in libraries. 33 the answer to that question was and still is that the specific li. brary or situation dictates the answer, and that's a convenient way to leave it. randall tried for an answer based on analysis and logic by considering "the things which are done in libraries in the attempt to give service to patrons by means of books."34 his efforts did not have too much influence on the practical situation within the library. acquisitions and cataloging certainly belong, and serials when it is created as a separate unit. binding tends to join, since one of its largest responsibilities is to bind the periodical volumes which the serials unit has acquired, and catalog records are involved. tauber's inclusion of circulation in technical services in libraries did not result in drawing the function under the technical services umbrella. other activities which are sometimes placed in the division-photographic services, internal mail deliveries, control of book funds, circulation of current periodical issues, and automation-seem to be there only because they lack a place elsewhere and, in a larger library, would more properly be gathered together in an administrative services unit. collection development, once it ceased to be selection, has floated cheerfully between the technical and reader services, sometimes attaining the dignity of an independent unit of its own. for the purposes of this paper, we shall discuss acquisitions, cataloging, serials, and binding. · acquisitions the acquisition operation has always been less tied to the past than cataloging. once the title is acquired, how it was acquired is of minimal significance. tracing the acquisition function through the records of the past hundred years shows a gradual withdrawal of the head from cutter to computer i 425 librarian from the acquisition operation, a simplification of records kept to control the procedures, and a broadening of the kinds of materials acquired and their sources. book ordering is thoroughly treated in fiske's "a librarian's work," in the early volumes of the library ] ournal~, and in the u.s. bureau of education's 1876 special report, public libraries in the united states of america~ hereafter referred to as the 1876 report. changes made by the turn of the century and shortly thereafter were recorded in the 1896 world's library congress papers; c. w. andrews' 1903 article, "the acquisition of books"; a 1906 symposium on "methods of book buying"; "some notes on the principles and practice of bookbuying for libraries," a lecture delivered by isabel ely lord before the new york state library school in 1906; and in the various reports of the ala committee on bookbuying and on relations with the book trade, which were faithfully reported in the library ]ournal.35-38 in 1930 the first textbook on acquisitions appeared, drury's order work for libraries~ followed at a great distance by wulfekoetter' s acquisition work in 1961, and stephen ford's the acquisition of library materials in 1973. these texts, supplemented by chapters in tauber's technical services in libraries ( 1954) and such general texts on college and university libraries as randall and goodrich's principles of college library administration ( 1936), wilson and tauber's the university library ( 1945), the several editions · of lyle's the administration of the college library (latest, 197 4), and rogers and weber's university library administration ( 1971), permit the reader to follow changes in the accepted acquisition practices of the past century. the early writings show the head librarian very much in the midst of the order operations. reporting to the world's library congress in 1893, jones 426 i college & research libraries • september 1976 expressed the opinion that "buying should be in the hands of one person, preferably the librarian."39 lord ( 1907) underlined the importance of the head librarian's knowledge of the sources of books, since "a certain amount of his time and energy must be devoted to this question."40 in a small library, drury ( 1930) assigned the searching of orders to the librarian. 41 randall and goodrich ( 1936) retained only the bill handling in the college librarian's hands, leaving the rest of the order work to assistants.42 lyle (1974) summed up practice for the college library today as follows: in the small college library the librarian will handle acquisitions work in addition to his administrative and book selection duties. in the medium-sized college library he may have an acquisitions librarian or at least a clerical assistant to help him. in the large college library there will probably be an acquisitions department, headed by a librarian, and several clerical assistants in addition to part-time student help.43 in the generally larger university libraries, this work had already been delegated. peterson reported of the university of california library at berkeley that: "before · 1900, when the library staff numbered only a few persons and there was no formal organization into departments, the work of acquisition was carried on mainly by librarian rowell himself. an order department was established . . . in november 1902."44 obviously, the librarian's commitment to acquisitions is a function of size. before 1900, the generally small collections and smaller annual book budgets made a part-time commitment to acquisitions a reasonable assignment. the involvement no . doubt had some benefits for the library and its users, providing a closely coordinated total service. this early involvement seems to have been more concerned with tight control than with saving staff time. in an appendix to his 1876 rules, cutter listed eight catalogs, in card, sheet, or book form, which were needed for acquisition and control of the library's collection in addition to the public catalog. these included catalogs of accessions, books missing, duplicates to be sold, and duplicates sold or exchanged. he judged his system to be economical, pointing out that it could answer such questions as: has this book been proposed to the book committee? has it been approved? ordered? when? from whom? who is responsible for the error if it turns out a duplicate? when was it received? where is it entered in the accessions-catalogue (that we may ascertain its price and condition)? where was it brst located?45 during the 1906 symposium on "methods of book buying," one participant questioned the use of the head librarian's time in "studying bargain lists and hunting auction sales," when that time has so many service demands on it.46 however, lord ( 1907) suggested keeping files for five categories of desiderata and described "the most perfect system" for keeping a record of books on order, one which involved filing in the official catalog records of books wanted, whether they were to be actively sought or only accepted as gifts.47 college and university library problems ( 1927), the report of a study made by george works for the association of american universities, discussed the touchy matter of speed versus economy in book acquisition. 48 in 1946, the ala/ acrl college and university postwar planning committee recorded its suspicion that .the procedures and routines of bookbuying .could be simplified and recommended that every library reexamine its order routines.49 the age of recognition that good management is ' i j j essential had arrived. today' s acquisition librarian takes the risk that cutter's questions cannot be answered. ordering procedures sheet orders were the rule of the day in 1876. poole, writing for the 1876 report, stated as a matter of course, "separate lists must be prepared of the american and foreign orders; and each, for convenience of consultation, should be arranged in alphabetical order under the names of authors."50 lord's advice in 1907 on this matter sounds a bit · quaint to today's ears: it may not be amiss to say that it is courteous and wise to consult the dealer as to the form in which he prefers orders. not all dealers have the same methods, and if the library conforms to that of a particular dealer, the result is better service, as well as a pleasant rehition.5i drury ( 1930) assumed an order sheet as did randall and goodrich ( 1936), and wilson and tauber ( 1945) prescribed the order letter for university libraries 152--64 multiple order forms are first mentioned as library forms in a 1933 article by nelson mccombs, who reports a continuous strip of intercarboned forms developed by the new york university library and adopted by yale and the university of rochester.55 their spread was slow, but with the growing interest in scientific management following world war ii they became more com. mon. library supply houses began to offer them as standard forms useful in the small operation, and large libraries found it cost effective to design multifunction fanfolds. the next and ongoing revolution in order forms began with the application of computers to the repetitive tasks of the order unit. interestingly, it can combine multiple and . list forms in its swift sophistication. the complexity and consequent cost from cutter to computer /427 of the preorder search of titles recommended for acquisition is in direct ratio to the size of the library collection. for that reason it was little dealt with in the early days. cutter ( 1876) described searching but made no mention of verification-the completing of the bibliographic information-and probably took it for granted. 56 twenty years later, jones specified that in the harvard procedures, "an assistant verifies and completes details of title, edition, publishers, etc., and sees if the book is already in the library or ordered,''57 by 1930 drury's textbook devoted three pages to preorder searching and two to verification, noting that the work is usually done in a large library by an assistant, in a small library by the librarian. 58 randall and goodrich agree with drury,59 emphasizing that "even with a fair-sized staff, the librarian will have to do much of the important work of checking book orders with the library's catalog to avoid duplication."so wulfekoetter ( 1961) expanded the directions for bibliographic searching by discussing various categories of titles to be acquired and introduced a new element by suggesting that the searching be used as preliminary cataloging. 6i ford ( 1973) emphasized the importance of coordinating work among the technical service units so that it is not repeated, 62 but it is clear from his discussion of precataloging that this reasonable dictum is by no means universally accepted. ss auctions perhaps the most startling aspect of early sources for acquiring books was the regular reliance on auctions. poole, writing in the 1876 report of the acquisition of out-of-print books, warned of high prices charged by secondhand dealers and recommends the use of the book auction with suitable detail: these books are constantly appearing in the auction sales in new york and other cities. the auctioneers will send 428 f. college & research libraries • september 1976 their sale catalogues to any library which makes the request for them in season to send orders. there are responsible men who make it a business in the large cities to attend these sales and buy books, charging a commission of five per cent on the amount of the purchases, and giving the library the benefit of their experience as to prices, editions, condition of copies, etc. the books bought will be billed and shipped by the auctioneer direct to the library. as auction sales are for cash, it is necessary that prompt re.mittance should be made. there are a few auctioneers of such established reputation for integrity that it is safe to send orders direct to them, and they will bid honestly and charge no commissions; but as a rule, it is better to employ an agent, limiting the bids in some instances, and in others authorizing him to use his discretion. an application to any experienced librarian will give the needful information as to responsible agents in new york and elsewhere. 64 poole's distrust of secondhand dealers of the day was shared. jones, writing in 1896, stated, "a leading new york secondhand bookseller used to say that the secret of cataloging is to enter the same book in half a dozen different places in the same catalog in such a manner that the reader shall never discover it."65 jones put auction buying into perspective in terms of use. he reported a survey of 155 libraries, in which it was found that only a third used auctions, while two-thirds ordered from the offerings of secondhand dealers. 66 references to auction buying as an accepted source persisted in the literature. lord ( 1907) recommended auctions as a source for expensive illustrated and art books, advising that "it is not worth while to spend much time on auction catalogs for books published at a low price."67 drury ( 1930) described auction buying in his textbook, but explained that "catalogs from auction houses no longer offer the bargains of years gone by, for it does not pay the seller to list the cheaper books."68 wulfekoetter and ford treated auction buying as a minor part of acquisitions, and their explanations show the situation has not changed much since 1930. 69• 70 use of booksellers libraries ge:r;1erally bought domestic books through booksellers rather than from publishers in 1876, and this practice has persisted. the ala co-operation committee referred in its 1877 report to frequent inquiries as to whether the committee would be willing to obtain books for libraries as part of its duties. the committee's response was a firm referral to the bookseller. 71 whitmore ( 1906) recommended the use of a single firm, explaining that there would be little variation in prices among booksellers, the possibility of confusion in orders was reduced, there was a saving in carriage charges, and the dealer would develop a useful knowledge of the library's needs. 72 lord ( 1907) affirmed the judgment, pointing out that: there is no advantage whatever in ordering direct from the publisher, unless one needs a special book at once that one is sure of getting quicker that way. for net books, the same discount is given by a local dealer, and perhaps in ordering from the publisher the cost of transportation must be added. the scattering of bills is also a great waste of time and temper. it may be safely said that nobody orders direct from the different publishers in these days. 73 drury ( 1930) confirmed the practice of using publishers only under special circumstances and pointed out . the pros and cons of using the local dealer versus the metropolitan jobber, strongly recommending the latter as able to give the best service and discounts.7' as befits the first textbook on order work, drury emphasized formal agreements with agents relating to all aspects of the transactions.75 wulfekoetter's much longer treatment of agent selection 76 confirmed the greater range of materials and sources which had gradually become available to librarians since drury wrote, a range confirmed by ford. the amount of the american booksellers' discount to library customers was the burning issue of the early years, the copyright issue of the day, driving apart librarians and booksellers, natural allies in the provision of books to people. during a summer convention at put-inbay in 187 4, the booksellers entered into an agreement by which the discount to libraries was cut back to 20 percent. 77 lord brought together the history of the next three decades, beginning with the 1876 conference, which passed poole's resolution: resolved. that the discrimination against libraries in the rules of the american booksellers' association, . which forbids the trade from supplying libraries with books at a greater discount than twenty per cent, is unjust and impolitic, and is a rule which no librarian is bound to respect. 78 a committee appointed to deal with the publishers reported the following year that the 20 percent agreement had broken down, and free enterprise reigned until1901. in 1901 the newly organized american publishers' association and american booksellers' association adopted the "net price rule," which fixed discounts to libraries at 10 percent for each book during the first year after publication, after which discounts could be negotiated. the ala committee on relations of libraries to the booktrade was established in 1901, its name changed to committee on bookbuying in 1904. this first ala committee on relations with the booktrade was unable to change the net price rule, but it did from cutter to computer i 429 publish a series of bulletins helpful to librarians on the practical aspects of bookbuying'. the net price rule was finally settled in 1907, when the american publishers' association repealed all existing rules on book prices as the result of judicial decisions against combinations in restraint of trade. 79 for the next several years the ala committee worked to better relations with the booktrade, duly . reporting its lack of spectacular results at the annual conferences. today's rtsd bookdealer-library relations committee, established in its present form in 1961, and the association of american publishers/ rtsd joint committee, approved by the ala council in 1966, have the same amiable purpose. acquisitions from abroad advice throughout the century has referred the small library to import booksellers for the acquisition of foreign imprints, but even in 1876 the large libraries found it useful to establish relations with agencies in foreign countries. poole ( 1876) advised: as a rule, it is best to make all purchases of english books in london, and of french and german books in those countries, because better editions can there be procured, and at cheaper rates, than in this country. the binding, also, can be done in a better and more durable style abroad than in this country, and at half the cost. by the revenue laws of the united states, books for public libraries can be imported duty free.so a short history of this country's progress toward duty-free books for libraries is included in the 1876 report and indicates the complications which clearance through customs can offer.81 .poole's precise reasons for shopping in europe no longer hold, but large libraries have continued to find direct buying from the country of publication both faster and less expensive. 430 i college & research libraries • september 1976 collating and accessioning receipt procedures have changed remarkably during the past century in relation to collating and accessioning. both were generally accepted parts of the receipt procedure in 1876. poole notes that new books must be collated to ascertain if they be complete copies and that no signatures be missing or transposed .... the books must then be entered in the "accession catalogue," which is usually a folio volume with printed headings and ruled especially for the purpose. this record furnishes a perpetual history of every book that comes into the library, and gives the date, accession number, author, title, place where published, date when published, number of volumes, size, number of pages, binding, of whom procured, and cost.s2 fiske, speaking to the layman in his atlantic monthly article, explains the library sense of "collate," describing a pretty thorough examination: to collate a book is simply to examine it carefully from beginning to end, to see whether every page is in its proper place and properly numbered, whether any maps or plates are missing or misplaced, whether the book is correctly lettered, or whether any leaves are so badly tom or defaced as to need replacing.sa he volunteered the information that english books rarely have serious defects, while in french and german books "the grossest blunders . are only too common."84 collation was discussed during the sixth session of the 1876 conference, and those who spoke to the matter showed that some daring exceptions were being made to the full collation advised. some were already following the · practice. common later, that of collating only expensive books, the definition of ~~expensive" increasing with the years.85 the accession book gave way slowly. in 1878 harvard librarian justin winsor, representing the large library, advocated the shelflist for use as the accession record.86 a 1908 survey by the ala committee on library administration showed that the accession book was not "qsed by the leading libraries, but that of 183 libraries of varying sizes, 162 kept an accession book, while twentyone used other methods of accessionmg. 87 ala's survey af libraries in the united states ( 1927) discovered a trend away from the accession book to a less expensive substitute, with more use in smaller libraries than in larger. 88 the library i oumal made a survey of accession and inventory · practices in 1959, sending a questionnaire to 1,102 libraries of various kinds. the survey showed that most academic libraries had abandoned the accession book and kept such information only on the shelflist card or some other readily available record maintained for other purposes.89 at the present time probably no fair-sized academic library still maintains the accession book. gifts today's demanding user of academic libraries is struck by the smallness of the library collections in 1876 and, perhaps worse, the fact that the great majority of · the titles in the collections were obtained as gifts. said the editors of _ the 1876 report, ••few colleges have possessed funds to build up libraries on a scientific plan. their collections consist largely of the voluntary gifts of many individuals, and hence are usually , of a miscellaneous character .''90 jones (1896) reported that some libraries included want lists in their annual reports and thus attracted needed gifts.91 he pointed out that: it is not necessary that all gifts be added to the library, and they should be received with the understapding that .j. .. they may be sold or exchanged if duplicates or unsuitable. it costs money to catalog and store books, and those outside the library's field should be rigidly excluded. . . . it is undesirable that gifts of miscellaneous books should be shelved by themselves. they should be distributed through the library with their respective subjects. 92 andrews ( 1903) specified the keeping of a list of books which would not be bought, but would be accepted as gifts, but expressed concern about accepting gift collections with restrictions which would seriously affect their value to the users.93 it was his suggestion that the librarian requesting a gift never use a printed form or send a typewritten letter, but always send ~n autograph letterl94 wyer's manual ( 1929) on the college and university library sounded a contemporary note in this area. he urged that only those gift items be kept which "accord with a carefully worked out plan of the library's scope," and applauded those libraries with enough fortitude to decline gifts offered with "conditions attached which involve inordinate labor and cost for maintenance or administration .... there is a considerable class of material," he concluded, "that can be bought for less than it would cost in time, trouble, postage and follow-ups to get it free."95 drury ( 1930) 96 and the later writers on gifts agreed with wyer, with a strengthening of the more independent attitude toward gifts. exchanges predictably, the exchange of duplicates among libraries, an effort to invest staff time to acquire books without financial outlay, was a topic of interest in 1876, and concern about practical ways of exchanging duplicates appeared frequently · in the literature thereafter. the best use of duplicates was a topic discussed on the floor during the philadelphia conference. ever the innovafrom cutter to computer /431 tor, dewey suggested then that "the best method, if it were practicable, would be to tum all duplicates into a common depository, and then contributors could draw from that source, the manager of the depository giving credit for all books sent in, and charging all drawn out."97 in 1896, adolf hepner, editor of the st. louis t ageblatt, sent an open letter to ala advocating the establishment of an american libraries' clearinghouse to be administered by the u.s. commissioner of education and to be the center for distribution to american libraries of "such books and pamphlets as are put free of charge at its disposal." hepner envisioned the stock of the clearinghouse as coming from items published by their authors and left on their hands.98 jones discussed the problem and the clearinghouse proposal but came to the conclusion that it could not be self-supporting and that "the state or national government has hardly reached the point of undertaking this work at the expense of the taxpayers."99 in 1937 the h. w. wilson company offered to serve as a clearinghouse designed to aid libraries in completing their fragmentary serial sets. the service operated at a loss and was withdrawn after a few months. more successful, perhaps because it was and is operated by those concerned, has been the duplicates exchange union. it was formed in 1940 as a periodicals duplicate exchange, broadening its scope in 1944 to include other duplicates. the union is still active under the sponsorship of the ala serials section, its membership composed of small libraries.too the old wish for a common depository to facilitate exchanges among libraries has come closest to realization with the united states book exchange, recently renamed the universal serials 432 f college & research libraries • september 1976 and book exchange. it succeeded the american book center for war-devastated libraries, organized to send publications to europe at the end of world war ii. the exchange was organized in 1948, supported by a rockefeller foundation grant, fees paid by participating libraries for materials obtained, and contracts with the state department for services performed for foreign libraries. as it has had to raise fees for handling materials and as federal support for foreign libraries has ceased, the exchange has reviewed its services and sought other functions which it could fulfill. the exchange of an institution's own publications for those of another was a well-established activity at the time of the 1876 conference. the 1876 report includes an article by theodore gill on "the smithsonian system of exchanges,"101 explaining its services as a medium of exchange between institutions here and in europe. the first packages had been sent abroad in 1851, and by 1876 the institution was maintaining an impressive operation and has continued to handle shipments from government agencies and private institutions which go to exchang~ bureaus in other countries for distribution. new support for international exchanges came with the establishment of unesco and the decision taken by its first general conference in 1947 to be the main center for promoting direct exchanges between institutions throughout the world. it has done just this, for academic libraries as well as others, by means of its handbook on the international exchange of publications, first published in 1950, and through information appearing in its monthly unesco bulletin for libraries. direct exchanges among libraries in this country have prospered as libraries and their institutions have published series suitable for exchange. methods of est~blishing them and records which should be kept to control them have been regular parts of textbooks on acquisitions, and erickson's study of college and university library surveys made during 1938-52 reported as the "most frequently mentioned among these recommendations [for the development of gift and exchange programs] was the need for maximum utilization of the university's publications in the development of such a program."1q.2 not many years after this study these programs began to suffer with the reduction in number of titles published by universities and the number made freely available for exchange purposes. cataloging in the years before 1876, individuality in cataloging had been a regrettable necessity. as holley points out in his essay on the events leading up to the 1876 conference, the librarians attending it "wanted many topics discussed, but they especially wanted to know what to do about cataloging and classification. . . . classification was far from narrowing down to two basic schemes nor was there anything like agreement on cataloging rules."103 that general agreement was needed was clearly recognized. as james g. barnwell of the philadelphia mercantile library put it to the conference on the opening day, "i think it is of the first importance . . . that a code of rules be formed by a conference of bibliographers, and then adhered to with the most slavish servility; for entire uniformity, next to accuracy of description, is the most essential element of a useful catalogue."104 the 1876 report formed a solid background to the proceedings. during the morning session on october 5, secretary dewey announced that warren, one of the two editors of the report, had arrived from washington, after travelling all night, in order to supply copies of the government report on libraries for the use of the conference. copies were at the table and could be ) ' used in the .room. the enthusiasm with which this announcement was received showed how well the conference appreciated the great service done the libraries of the country by this publication of the bureau of education, and for a short time prevented the transaction of further business.l05 many of the contributors to the report were in attendance at the conference, including otis h. robinson, author of "college library administration." writing of classification, he stated bluntly, "there are objections to all plans," and warned against changing plans too lightly. "a slightly imperfect plan strictly followed is far better than two plans at once."106 there were two chapters of the report dealing solely with cataloging, "library catalogues," by charles cutter, and a four-part "catalogues and cataloguing."107· 108 part i of the latter presented "a decimal classification and subject index," melvil dewey's twenty-six-page explanation of the plan which he had developed in the amherst college library during the previous three years, conceived by him in 1873 while he was yet an undergraduate library assistant of twenty-one.1o9 cutter's thorough report on "library catalogues," covering nearly a hundred pages, drew the following appraisal from one of his contemporaries: mr. cutter has an elaborate and exhaustive article that would seem to cover every point that could arise .... he defines the conflicting systems, shows their merits and demerits, and points out the circumstances under which one is preferable to another. the tables are a monument of painstaking elaboration, furnishing not only a complete classification of the differept catalogue systems, but also their comparative usefulness and general adoption, the cost of printing, the necessity of printing (rather than their use in ms.), with an additional tabulation of the printed catalogues of public libraries in the united states (and their data), to the number of one from cutter to computer i 433 boston athenaeum charles a. cutter thousand and ten. of these twelve tables four are the compiled answers to circulars sent out by mr. cutter in 1875 to seventy-five libraries that had lately printed catalogues. the minuteness and thoroughness distinguishing all of mr. cutter's work has never had better illustra tion.uo cutter's article showed his commitment to the problem of the catalog and illustrated the solid foundation on which he based his writing of the "rules for a printed dictionary catalogue." dunkin said of the latter, "cataloging in the united states derives from cutter. a study of the theory and principles of american cataloging is largely a study of the theory and principles of cutter and what we have done with them."111 in the years following the notable contributions of dewey and cutter to cataloging, as tools and standards were developed, it was largely the academic and research librarians who furnished the interest, suggestions, and experimentation; and thus it was that academic and research libraries largely took over 434 i college & research libraries • september 1976 control of cataloging in this country and have held it since. the nature of cataloging is such that once done, it is expensive to change. so decisions made during the past century have been important to libraries, as they have been lasting constraints to change. the distribution of lc catalog cards, begun in 1901, was itself an influence in turning codes and practice toward the large research libraries and in fixing catalog arrangement in the dictionary card form, since the lc cards were designed for such an arrangement and were tailored for the largest research library in the country. codes the cataloging code, a set of rules for the guidance of catalogers in selecting and preparing entries for catalog records, is necessary to provide consistent records in a single catalog and to make cooperation in cataloging possible. for a pleasant journey through code development during the century following cutter, the reader should see dunkin's interpretative cataloging u.s.a. for ~ broader sweep through cataloging history, hanson and daily's sixty-fourpage, encyclopedic "catalogs and cataloging" provides a grid upon which to place the specialized histories. 112 as has been pointed out, dunkin emphasized the importance of. cutter, and anyone reading contemporary accounts and later references back to cutter's work comes to agree. his rules covered all aspects of the dictionary catalog except classification. its clear and concise statement (in fifty-nine words) of the objectives sought in providing a dictionary catalog, and the means for obtaining them, 113 its author's stated intention to "set forth the rules in a systematic way" and "to investigate what might be called the first principles of cataloguing"114 bring an illumination to the subject which could not fail to have immense influence. indeed, hanson and daily point out that cutter's objectives of the catalog were restated in the socalled paris principles by the 1961 international conference on cataloguing principlesj which laid the foundation for an international catalog code.n5 following the 1876 conference, ala provided a continuing forum for the discussion of cataloging, and with the library journal serving as its official journal, a wide audience of librarians could be reached. in 1896 william lane reported a survey of the state of cataloging to the world's library congress.116 he noted that of the several available codes cutter's rules was the one most generally followed, but his summary of points of agreement and disagreement among fifty -eight leading libraries showed continuing wide differences in cataloging practices. the 1901 agreement between ala and the library of congress that lc would begin to supply printed cards to libraries for current books focused attention on lc's rules for cataloging. this step and a 1904 invitation from the library association to issue a joint code resulted in the 1908 anglo-american code, catalog rules; author and title entries, published in both english and american editions with the few points of difference explained. this was the first international code, and it was narrower than cutter, dropping the rules for subject headings.ll 7 the following decades of code production, mingling ala, lc, and library association efforts, and including the vatican code, have a fascinating history but one too detailed for this survey. the period was enriched by andrew d. osborn's "the crisis in cataloging,"118 with its appreciated cry for a return to basic principles. the next twin peaks in the process were the 1949 publication of the complementary rules for descriptive cataloging in the library of congress; adopted by the american · library association, pubrl..l l lished by lc, and the a.l.a. catalog rules; author and title entries, second edition, published by ala. the lc descriptive rules were greatly simplified and led to the hope that those for entry and heading might also be improved. the steps which followed have been recently reported by wyllis wright, who participated prominently in them. 119 american and english cooperation in developing a common code, which had been interrupted by world war ii, was begun again. seymour lubetzky's cataloging rules and principles, published by lc in 1953, pressed again for logic and simplicity in establishing author and title entries. he was strongly influential in the deliberations of the ifla international conference on cataloguing principles, paris, 1961, which resulted in the paris principles mentioned above. the anglo-american cataloging rules, developed under the aegis of american, canadian, and british librarians, and published in separate american and british 'editions in 1967, include rules governing entry and heading, descriptive cataloging of monographs and serials, and cover some nonbook materials. the rules represent compromises with the paris principles, compromises urged by the realities of cost and the cataloging product of the past. one hundred years after cutter, catalogers of the three nations are working on a second edition of the angloamer·ican cataloging rules. whether they can make progress toward simplicity and internationalization remains to be seen. subject analysis-subject headings the provision of the subject approach to a library's holdings, whether made up of the subject entries in the dictionary catalog or a separate catalog, was still a subject of some disagreement during the early years of ala's first century. by 1876 card catalogs had alfrom cutter to computer i 435 ready been opened to the public for use, and subject entries had been based on the content of the publication rather than the earlier practice of basing them on the wording of the title.120 as the librarian of bowdoin college put it in 1893, "the subject catalog, in its development and almost universal use, is peculiarly american."121 during the proceedings of the english conference of 1877, with its large delegation of american librarians, cutter took the floor to speak of the matter: my english friends seem to consider a subject-catalogue as something very excellent, to be sure, but utopian-impracticable. with us, on the contrary, a library that has no subject-catalogue is regarded as little better than one which has none at all. as to the difficulties of classification and the liability to mistakes in dealing with subjects with which one is unacquainted (which has been rather despairingly insisted upon) , in all the works upon library economy you will find that the first qualification of the librarian is universal knowledge. of course if this requirement is fulfilled, the objection is removed, and if it is not, carlyle's dictum may profitably be applied here: "after all, the worst catalogue is none at all," or, it is expressed in an old proverb, very worthy to be taken to heart by librarians, "half a loaf is better than no bread."122 cutter had been involved in a discussion on the same subject outside library circles earlier in the year. fiske's atlantic monthly article provoked a letter from harvard professor h. a. hagen to the nation, published in the january 18, 1877, issue. 123 dr. hagen, no doubt speaking from the background of his german education, argued for the manuscript book catalog, providing only an alphabetical listing of library holdings. his main point was the great cost of the subject listing, for which he felt published bibliographies to be perfectly good substitutes. cutter came to fiske's 436 i college & research libraries • september 1976 defense with a letter published in the nation of february 8, answering hagen on every point.124 in the matter of the subject catalog, he swept hagen's suggestion from the field: the objections to giving up subjectcatalogues in libraries and substituting bibliographies are, first, the non-existence of the bibliographies; second, the incompleteness of such bibliographies as there are; third, the fact that bibliographies "begin to be imperfect even before they are published;" and fourth, the inconveniences of using them even if complete and brought down to date.125 other librarians joined the contention, 126 and the subject approach continued to be considered necessary, in spite of its cost, in american libraries. cutter provided the only american code for ·subject headings.127 in the first edition of his rules, he stated the two objectives for the subject catalog, namely, to enable a person to find a book of which the subject is known, and to show what the library has on a given subject and in a given kind of literature.128 it is interesting that so major a tool as the subject catalog has not evoked a later code. following cutter, there have been only lists of subject headings and attempts to "arrange inherited practice into some sort of system."129 lyle's advice to the college library is to have both class numbers and subject headings provided by the same person and to provide as essential tools for that person the official record of the subjects used in the library and the standard published lists.1 30 the two basic published lists used in this country are the library of congress list, meeting the needs of research libraries, and the sears list for smaller libraries. the strongest ally of the catalogers in their loyalty to the subject catalog has been the reference librarian. during the fifty-sixth ala annual confer-" ence, columbia's respected reference librarian, isadore mudge, rose to its defense. she characterized the catalog as the most important reference tool in the library and pointed out that "it contains almost the only reference work done in that library which is at all permanent in character ."131 she made clear the disadvantage of realizing savings in the cataloger's time by reducing subject analysis and thus increasing the cost in the time of reference librarians and users. subject analysis-classification the written evidence which we have about libraries shows that classification as we know it today had not been thought of in 1876. the use of the call number both to assign a work to its primary and fairly specific subject area and to place it on the shelves in a position relative to other titles of its class had not been conceived. libraries with sizable collections placed them on shelves in areas assigned by broad subjects, if at all, and controlled them by fixed location. fiske's description of processing at harvard suggests that not even broad subjects were assigned. instead, the assignment of an alc~>ve number and a shelf number within the alcove followed after collation and the recording of source information in the volume during the receipt process. each alcove had a "shelf-catalogue." as fiske put it, "when the book is duly entered on this shelf-catalogue, and has its cornerpiece [i.e., label inside the front cover] marked, it is at last ready to be 'catalogued.' "132 robinson, librarian of the university of rochester, reported that his principle of classification for college libraries was that "the division of books should correspond on the whole to that division of the instruction which is best suited to the aims and purposes of the institution.''133 certainly, this was a user-orientated plan, encouraging the teacher to examine his class of books, ~ • \ , j., i • columbia university libraries m elvil dewey . watch its growth, and "add its full force to the means of instruction in his department," while helping the student to "enter upon the use of it with very .little difficulty." to the librarian ·"perplexed with books which belong in no class in particular," robinson's advice was "to ignore the title, examine the book in detail, and put it into that department in which it is likely to be most extensively used."134 in his discussion of the arrangement of books within the library (general and reference works together, followed by the various classes), robinson makes it clear that each subject class is assigned a specific area of shelving and that volumes are shelved and found through the assignment of class mark and !shelf number. dewey's a classification and subject index, heard of before the 1876 conference, described there by dewey on demand, 135 and explained in the 1876 report, obviously filled a need. in the 1876 report, dewey wrote with what seemed to be pleased surprise: "though the system was devised for cataloguing and indexing purposes, it was found on from cutter to computer i 437 trial to be very valuable for numbering and arranging books and pamphlets on the shelves."136 the dewey i amherst scheme was indeed a giant step forward, and the dewey decimal classification went on to sweep the country, first being used for the classified catalog and later primarily as a shelf arrangement for the dictionary catalog.137 in spite of many other interests and activities, dewey continued to control the development of the decimal classification until the end of his life, the thirteenth edition being published as a memorial edition in 1932, the year after his death. thereafter, the lake placid club education foundation continued to keep it up to date and to promote its use. since 1930 an office at lc has added ddc numbers to some of the lc cards, and later the ddc editorial office was moved to lc. today more libraries in the country use . the decimal classification than any other scheme, as well as libraries in many countries around the world. although classification was the aspect of cataloging which cutter omitted from his rules, he was to make two las~­ ing contributions to it. cutter had been working on the problem of classifica. tion since 1873 without finding a solu. tion which he wanted. he was attracted to the amherst decimal plan ·but found that it did not give the close classifica· tion which he was seeking.138 eventually, his efforts led to his expansive classification, a scheme in a series of schedules of increasing (i.e., expanded) fullness. the first was elementary and intended for small collections; the seventh, not yet completed when he died in 1903, was designed to be adequate for a library of ten million volumes.139 just as he had provided for short-title, medium-title, and full-title dictionary catalogs to suit the needs of different libraries, 140 so he offered classification schedules of varying degrees of fullness to fill different needs. a survey made re438 1 college & research libraries • september 1976 cently showed that nine libraries in this country and three in canada were continuing to classify the majority of their new acquisitions in the cutter classification scheme.141 in connection with his expansive classification, cutter devised a system of arranging individual books alphabetically by author within classes, these so-called book numbers consisting of the initial of the author's surname followed by decimal numbers. cutter developed tables of numbers using two figures to arrange the authors alphabetically on the shelves; kate sanborn later developed the cutter-sanborn three-figure table.l 42 cutter's lasting contributions appear in the two principal classifications of today. his cutter numbers regularly form the second element of call numbers derived from the decimal classification; both his expansive classification and his book numbers had a strong influence on the lc classification. the development of the library of congress classification, appropriately for a national library and one which was to provide cataloging copy for many libraries throughout the country, was a team effort. not only did several staff members work on it, but as plans emerged, they were taken to leading librarians of the country for opinions. the final decision on the general plan was made late in 1900. development was begun immediately and is still not complete.l43 the story of its genesis is an interesting one and can be found in lamontagne's american library classification. during the development of the two classification systems which came to dominate the american scene, librarians were still making independent judgments about classification and developing individual systems. in spite of the first appearance nationally of the decimal classification in 1876, george little reported to the world's library congress in 1893 general agreement among college librarians that books should be arranged by subject but a wide difference of opinion as to the system of classification to be adopted.144 horace kephart, librarian of the st. louis mercantile library, reported to the same congress (with an admirable bibliography on classification) the results of a survey he had made on the subject, which confirmed little's generalizations. kephart had sent a "circular of inquiry" to every u.s. library of 25,000 volumes or more, a mailing of 183 circulars. of the 127 usable replies returned, it was shown that half of the libraries were using classification systems of their own and one-third were using dewey in whole or in part. mr. cutter's system (so he said!) was rapidly growing ' in favor. 145 mcmullen reports that when j. c. m. hanson left lc and joined the university of chicago libraries in 1910, he found half of the books not classified and the rest classified according to about fifteen different systems, the dominant system being dewey' s.146 during the ala 1911 pasadena conference, a symposium on classification gave equal time to the expansive classification (in a paper written by william parker cutter, a nephew of c. a. cutter), the decimal classification, and the library of congress classification. 147 in 1927, works reported that "classification presents a difficulty that is almost if not actually insuperable." his recommendation was that each library staff study the needs of the library users and adjust the classification as far as possible to meet such needs, and he pointed out that classification needs a high quality of personnel!148 in a 1975 survey of dewey decimal classification use in the u.s. and canada, comaromi, michael, and bloom found that about two-thirds of the sampling of college and university libraries counted were using the lc classifica' ,. tion, but there was a striking difference between college and university use. of the college libraries, forty-four employed lc and thirty-eight used dewey. of the university libraries, thirty-six used lc and one used dewey. 149 consider~ng only libraries holding 500,000 or more volumes, 107 reported the use of lc and only fourteen of dewey.150 seeking to assay the "trend to lc" in college and university libraries, robert mowery studied 1,160 accredited fouryear colleges and universities and found that more than half were using the lc system. however, counts made in 1968 and 1971 showed that the move to lc had lost momentum.151 given the past history of classification and the present lack of consensus among academic libraries, it is not surprising that today' s textbooks maintain a careful neutrality between the two prevailing systems .152 catalog format how did today's traditional dictionary ( as opposed to classed) card ( as opposed to book) catalog become the dominant format in american libraries? card catalogs were used in libraries for some time before they were opened to the public in 1857, when lloyd p. smith introduced such a tool in the philadelphia library company. four years later ezra abbot, assisted by cutter, provided one for harvard, which became a model for other libraries.153 according to ranz, the ,final quarter of the nineteenth century witnessed the decline of the printed book catalog in american libraries. his excellent the printed book catalogue in american libraries: 1723-1900, covering the years of the printed book catalog's predominance, sets the stage for 1876.154 an example of the attitude of that time is offered by robinson, who initiated the university of rochester's first card catalog, a manuscript dictionary catalog, in 1870 at a cost of $329 in labor and rnafrom cutter to computer i 439 terials for holdings of 9,560 volumes. he did so over many objections: "it presents to the eye only one title at a time; time and patience are lost in turning over the cards; it cannot be carried about, but must be used at the library, and only one person can consult a given part of it at a time."15s in spite of objections, robinson could report in 1876 that: in some of the largest libraries of the country the card system has been ex· elusively adopted. several of them have no intention of printing any more catalogues in book form. in others, cards are adopted for current accessions, with the expectation of printing supplements from them, from time to time. i think the tendency of the smaller libraries is to adopt the former plan, keeping a manuscript card catalogue of books as they are added, without a thought of printing.156 classed catalogs were never highly favored in the u.s. early prevailing opinion of classed catalogs is summarized in an 1880 discussion of c allege libraries as aids of instruction. justin winsor states: "for the skilled and habitual user, classed catalogues, especially those in which related subjects stand in close propinquity, may be more satisfactory; but such users are always rare."157 robinson agrees, "classed catalogues are good for experienced readers, but for the student with little or no experience we believe every obstacle should be removed."158 the single decision which locked in the dictionary card catalog as the predominant standard was the decision by the library of congress to sell its printed cards. the lc printed unit cards were designed for the dictionary rather than the classed catalog, and their availability was too great an advantage to be ignored. these and other decisions which resulted in the predominance of the dictionary card catalog were based on li440 i college & research libraries • september 1976 brarians' opinions for the most part, opinions growing out of experience and theorizing. formal efforts to ascertain the users' points of view and to base . conclusions on facts rather than general impressions came long after the basic decisions had been made. krikelas' survey of catalog use studies in 1972 lists fifty-four studies, the earliest made in 1931. krikelas finds an increasing effectiveness of the later studies over the earlier ones but still notes difficulties in producing useful studies. he suggests that maybe the general finding that between 70 and 80 percent of all catalog searches are successful to the extent that the user is able to identify some relevant document should be interpreted to mean that librarians have been able to develop a rather sophisticated tool. 159 cooperative and centralized cataloging the twin dreams of cooperative and centralized cataloging very much concerned. the librarians who met in 1876. included in the first ala constitution was a provision for the establishment of a co-operation committee.160 an editorial appearing in the same issue of the american library journal which printed the constitution offered the opinion: "of the standing com~~ittees, that on co-operation will probably prove the most important organ of the association, as most of the practical work will fall to its share or to that of its sub-committees. the poole's index, size, and co-operative cataloging matters, now in special hands, are only a portion of the work to· be done."161 several months later, in the august 31 issue, dewey wrote: co-operation has become among librarians a household word during the past year .... while we have so much with which to be satisfied, there has been less progress in what s«;lemed the main question-co-operative cataloguing. here the greatest need was felt, and to this most of the profession look for the greatest benefit. the september meeting [the new york conference of 1877] will probably remove the first difficulties, by agreeing upon a code of rules by which the titles in any system shall be made. this decided, we are ready for the question, who shall prepare the titles of new books as published? the library of congress or its copyright department? the publishers themselves? a cataloguing bureau, established and maintained by the libraries of the country? an individual or firm, as a commercial venture? there are arguments for and against each one of them.162 progress was not as fast as the impetuous dewey predicted. there were to be many steps between the dream and today's marc tapes. of basic importance was the standardization of descriptive cataloging and subject analysis, if the centralized product was to be of maximum use. once there were common cataloging practices and a central producer, distribution was the next problem, solved by lc' s card distribution service and by the printing of its catalogs and, later, the national union catalog. much of the history of these efforts can be found in the early volumes of the library journal, and it has been summarized by dawson and given in more detail in two master's theses by vivian d. palmer and velva j. osborn.163-65 the product that has evolved over the past hundred years, namely, lc catalog copy, has laid more stress on centralized cataloging. however, it has included cooperative cataloging in varying degrees through the use of cataloging done by selected libraries, especially those receiving books under the cooperative acquisitions program and later those participating in the farmington plan for the acquisition of foreign titles.166 the whole effort received a tremendous boost with the inclusion of title iic in the higher education act of 1965. lc responded handsomely to this mandate to t' ,, ~ i acquire and catalog all currently published titles of scholarly value, as john cronin's report to the new york ala conference in 1966 promised167 and as lc has since expanded the resulting national program for acquisitions and cataloging and its shared cataloging program. another dream of the early ala years was that of providing cataloging copy with each new book published in this country. the editors of the 1876 report noted a suggestion from winsor that publishers might send with each book a card providing a bibliographical description which would be suitable to be inserted in the library catalog.1ss during the past thirty years, the library of congress has taken a number of steps to make cataloging copy for domestic books more easily available, as follows: 1. in 1947, lc and the publishers' weekly arranged to include lc card numbers with the listings of new books in the "weekly record" section. 2. in 1951, publishers began to cooperate in a program to print lc card numbers in their books. 3. in 1953, the lc "all-the-books" program was begun, a program to secure early copies of new books for early cataloging.169 4. in 1958, lc undertook the cataloging-in-source experiment. while it failed, much to the disappointment of librarians, it provided information useful for a later try_170 5. in 1961, lc began through its cards-with-books-program to encourage publishers and book wholesalers to supply printed cards with the books they sold. 171 6. in 1971, lc started the successful and continuing cataloging in publication program. in the first volume of the american library journal, dewey asked: "is it practicable for the library of congress -from cutter to computer i 441 to catalogue for the whole country?" a hundred years later, the answer is still not, "yes!" but is has become "maybe!" serials historically, serials have been rather on the edge of things in technical services. the librarians who gathered in philadelphia talked a great deal about indexing periodicals, suggesting cooperative measures for updating poole's 1853 index .to periodical literature, but they did not discuss the cataloging of periodicals as offering different problems from monographs. there was healthy respect for periodical literature, as they called the whole range of serials, and spofford, who wrote in the 1876 report on "periodical literature and society publications," dwelt on the importance of collecting and preserving complete files of such titles.172 cutter's rules covered periodicals. he used the term without defining it in the first edition of his rules; by 1904, in the last edition, he defined both periodical and serial. the latter, he wrote, was "a publtcation issued in successive parts, usually at regular intervals, and continued indefinitely,"173 not so very different from the definition provided in the anglo-american cataloging rules of 1967. cutter's entry rule for periodicals scarcely changed throughout his four editions. rule number 54 in the first edition is "periodicals are to be treated as anonymous and entered under the first word."174 the fourth edition adds to this the phrase "not an article or serial number."175 he listed four characteristics of a periodical and by means of them decreed that society memoirs, proceedings, and transactions were not periodicals. thus, they could be entered under the name of . the society, since they were the work of the society acting through its members. this issue of corporate entry versus title entry continues as a problem for serials catalogers and has been the subject of discussion with442 i college & research libraries • september 1976 out full agreement in the current project to revise the 1967 anglo-american cataloging rules. the works study of college and university library problems in 1927 noted eight definitions of the term periodical used by academic libraries. the meaningful differences were in the categories of publications included under the various definitions and the resulting differences in treatment among libraries.176 drury ( 1930), with his businesslike approach to library ordering, gave firm definitions of serials as the overall term for publications issued indefinitely in successive parts, periodicals as publications issued at regular intervals of less than a year, and continuations as all other serials. these differentiations provide a generally firm basis on which to set up the ·appropriate records for ordering and receiving titles, but are too simplistic for the requirements of cataloging.177 reading through the literature of the last hundred years makes it clear that, in addition to the problems of cataloging, serials offer much the same problems to the technical services which they always have-missing issues; the need to make n,ew issues available as quickly as possible, frequent changes in title, format, and content; the increasing number of serials available for acquisition; increasing costs, and how to fit this function into the traditional acquisition/ cataloging format. within the past quarter century, the serials identity within the technical services has become stronger with size. andrew osborn's serial publications, published by ala in 1955, gave serials librarians their first general text and an excellent one. they had already achieved their own periodical, serial slants, beginning in 1950, submerging its identity in library resources & technical services in 1957, when the ala reorganization created the resources and technical services division. there has been a separate serials unit within ala since the formation of the round table on periodicals in 1926. in 1974, because of the interest of serials librarians, rtsd set up the organization study committee to explore the possibility of organizing the division according to form rather than function. the committee recommended a continuation of the present sectional organization, which combines form and function. binding binding was a concern of the librarians gathered in philadelphia and was discussed on the conference floor. winsor's advice was sought on the advisability of maintaining a bindery in the library, and opinions were expressed about the cause of binding deterioration-was it gas lights, heat, or impure air?178 the co-operation committee, with cutter as its first chairperson, reported the willingness of some publishers to furnish bindings specifically for libraries, and the committee listed the specifications it had drawn up for such a program. 179 during the 1877 conference, binding and preservation were again discussed, including treatment for water damage following a fire, the replacing of leaves by heliotyping, and the restoration of rare books. later in the proceedings, president jus tin winsor mentioned a new material for binding books, which he had noticed in an english newspaper. he had obtained some sheets from mr. nicholson of the london library and had tried them with good results. the new material? buckram! mr. dewey rose to state that "it was the impression of the committee that buckram was to be the coming binding, but that a little more experience was needed before recommending it; that for the present goat instead of this buckram would have to be recommended for binding."180 well, it wasn't his discovery. during the english conference in ~· k . 1877, a number of papers were given on binding and labeling books, including one by the same edward nicholson, "on buckram as a . binding-material."isi nicholson strongly recommended the use of buckram, finding it durable and not too expensive, and predicted that it would largely diminish binding costs. binding, as a separate topic, was treated by librarian of congress spofford in the 1876 report. 182 he provided six pages of well-informed, practical advice on all aspects of the subject, emphasizing the librarian's duty to go carefully and frequently through the collection to select those volumes requiring repairs or rebinding and to arrange for all books returned to receive the same scrutiny. in spofford's opinion, "next to the selection and utilization of books, there is no subject more important in the administration of a public library than the binding and preservation of the volumes."183 both spofford and winsor, as well as poole, 184 emphasized the importance of good workmanship and materials in binding, and the reason for maintaining a bindery in the library was the poor binding which might be expected under commercial contract. another common opinion of the time was the better binding value to be obtained by ordering books abroad to be bound before they were supplied. the citations of literature on the care and preservation of books .in cannons' bibliography of library economy, covering 1876 through 1920, give an idea of the details discussed. in addition · to the topics above, there are such subjects as: how to open a bo9k, methods of inducing care of books, book dusting, methods of keeping books clean, and directions for mending. the world's library congress volume included a tenpage paper on the "elements of library binding" by d. v. r. johnston, the new york state reference librarian.i85 he cautioned against the false economy of cheap binding, recommended bindfrom cutter to computer i 443 ing abroad for cost and durability, warned that only larger libraries could save money by maintaining their own binderies, and, surprisingly, gave a rather negative report on buckram. ala set up a bookbinding committee in 1905, which answered the members' questions, maintained relations with publishers, worked for library binding of books commonly bought by libraries, and reported annually to the membership through the ala bulletin and conference pro'ceedings. the ala survey report in the mid-1920s included a chapter on "binding and repair," reporting library practice relating to what were evidently of current interest, namely, treatment of new books, dusting, inspection after circulation, washing and shellacking volumes, marking, care of leather bindings, duplication of missing pages ( the usual method was to type them), collation before binding, costs, binding contracts, staffing of library binderies, sewing methods, strengthening devices, and hanaling of music. buckram was definitely in as the best-wearing and best-bargain material for binding. works ( 1929) mentioned binding only as a problem of minor importance and singled out complaints of faculty relating to the inaccessibility of periodicals during the binding process.i86 the placing of service above cost was definitely in! when the college and university postwar planning committee of ala and acrl dealt with the "poor quality of many books," it referred to the low esteem in which the writing itself was held, particularly in the academic field. however, one paragraph was given to the problem of the future, namely, the need for preservation and duplication of fragile materials. 18'7 the early concern about shoddy commercial binding was resolved by a series of binding standards developed jointly by the library binding institute, a trade association organized in 1935, and its 444 i college & research libraries • september 1976 predecessors with the american library association. even before that time, the binders were working with librarians to provide specifications for acceptable library bindings. the results are today's binding standards, which are periodically revised. 188 in the 1960s the ala library technology project reported the results of its program on the development of performance standards for library binding.189 the project developed standards based on performance rather than the materials and methods on which the institute's standards are based. the difficulty of monitoring the newer standards has kept them from becoming a force. under the protection of standards, librarians have transferred their major concern from the quality of binding to the preservation ·of library materials. programs to meet this concern are not yet history. the computer and so we come from cutter to the computer, from cutter's clear statement of what cataloging should be as a basis for uniformity of practice to the computer as ' a tool for implementing cooperative and centralized cataloging with all that implies for library service. the academic library director has stepped out of the workroom into the office; the technical services have been accepted as a major division of the library's organization; acquisition records have been simplified and designed to furnish the first step in cataloging; descriptive cataloging has been codified, and classification has been reduced to two generally accepted systems; the catalog itself is a dictionary catalog, usually in card form, except for some pioneering computerproduced book catalogs; the library of congress is providing leadership for centralized and cooperative cataloging; serial users have accepted indexing for control of periodical literature, thus easing demands on the catalogers, which the latter could not hope to meet; and commercial binding has been standardized so that libraries can get what they pay for and can concentrate on the problems of preservation. in the late 1930s fremont rider plotted the growth rate of american research libraries and found that their collections doubled every sixteen years. taking yale university library as an example, he calculated that by the year 2040, yale would have an alarming total of 200 million volumes with a card catalog occupying nearly three-quarters of a million catalog drawers spread out over not less than eight acres of floor space.190 but the computer is not easily alarmed, and by 2040, it will be able to handle such magnitude with ease. it may even store many of the texts in order to reduce the 6,000 miles of shelving which rider calculated as needed.191 the potential of the computer for recording catalog records, making them readily available to many libraries, and providing a record of libraries' resources is assumed but not yet fully realized. baumol and marcus in 1973 saw computers moving toward greater use in academic libraries as a practical development of the future: to date, the majority of successful data processing applications in libraries have involved mechanization of nonprofessional tasks such as circulation control and typing of bibliographic aids. at the same time, there are trends in process which may in the next two decades change the range of innovation that is economically feasible. these are: ( 1) the .achievement of a standard format for bibliographic records in machine-readable form and the associated production at the library of congress and elsewhere of a sizable data base of such records; ( 2) a continuing sharp decrease in the cost of certain components of electronic data processing systems; ( 3) continuing increases in the capacity and reliability of electric communications channels with concomitant decreases in the unit costs of the channels; and ( 4) the creation of evolving modular, computer-based library systems, which take advantage of the three other changes just mentioned.l92 based on d. r. swanson's predictions, hanson and daily describe the most advanced form of the catalog of the future as a computerized catalog with eleven performance goals: user dialogues (programmed interrogation), aids to browsing, user-indexed library, access to in-depth information, wheat and chaff identification, national "network" of libraries, national network of bibliographic tools, instant information, remote interrogation and delivery, active dissemination, and quality control over library services (improved feedback) ,193 the library of congress leadership in developing machine-readable cataloging (marc) with its potential for providing instant availability of standardized cataloging coupled with the .location of specific copies of texts makes networking possible. and networking is today's dream and tomorrow's reality. during the 1876 conference, barnwell spoke urgently on "a universal catalogue: its necessity and practicability." such a catalog "to include the literary stores of every existing or possible library" could be used in place of the single library's catalog. "a marginal mark could be made opposite the titles of such books as the library contained, and thus the deficiencies would also be ascertainable at a glance."194 is barnwell describing the computerized system called oclc (which stands for ohio college library center, a name long since outgrown by this bibliographic data exchange system)? isn't oclc, in its present form, an incipient universal (mainentry, on-line) catalog for those library members which enter their full holdings in its immense data bank? and, of course, when it adds serials control, orfrom cutter to computer i 445 der records, and whatever other ideas fred kilgour pulls from his far-ranging imagination, it will be much, much more. 195 there is · still a long, fascinating trail to travel. full exploitation of com~ puters has been handicapped by our thinking in traditional terms. networking tends to be thought of as an extension of present services rather than rethought as a new concept with new potential. the fact that the new machines impose new conditions . on their users is another reason why the traditional conceptions must be rethought. it has been said that as the specialists took over the technical services, the user was lost to view. the chief librarian in 1876, checking over an incoming shipment of books to assign them to subject alcoves, might be interrupted to answer a query from a student. thus, the user was securely embedded in the librarian's decisions without conscious effort and without the need to communicate with other staff to discover the users' concerns. harassed by hoods of materials and pressures to reduce processing costs and arrearages simultaneously, the technical services staff may indeed lose track of the ultimate customer, an oversight which must receive more attention in the future. the large academic libraries, which provide much of the cataloging leadership, tend to ignore multimedia. in 1976, we stand in relation to nonprint materials in much the same relationship as librarians of 1876 did to the book, although the latter at least had a deep respect for the educational importance of the book. these materials should be fully accepted as resources and given appropriate controls. uniformity of practice should be the lesson which cataloging teaches to the other library functions. "'uniformity of practice" is one way of describing standardization, the foundation on which networking can be built. iiideed, 446 i college & research libraries • september 1976 standardization may be more important than logic in drawing up the rules to which, as barnwell said on the opening day of the 1876 conference, we are to adhere "with the most slavish servility."196 a hundred years after librarians organized for cooperative action, the technical services still have not agreed upon terminology to provide a means of gathering comparable statistics for sound comparison. the role of the library heads is crucial to the technical services. as libraries became larger and the heads could no longer be so intimately involved in acquisition and cataloging operations, their concern did not become less. as ala became involved in much larger issues-research, management, personnel, social issues, library school accreditation, and simply the difficulties of communication among an enlarged membership-the attention of the leaders was necessarily distracted from the technical services, which were left to the specialists. the difficulties in providing the technical services remained, but the chief librarian's interest turned from the details to the costs. turning from the greatly enlarged ala, the chiefs found a way to continue their important dialogues within the restricted membership of the association of research libraries. there, backed by the authority to provide supportive activity within their own libraries, they continued their cooperative exploration of common concerns, and they were able to do so on a much grander scale than was possible for their predecessors. according to mcgowan, the principal interests of arl after its formation in 1932 were to develop and increase by cooperative effort the resources and usefulness of the research collections in american libraries. 197 these, of course, are basically the technical service concerns of acquisitions and cataloging. the programs and projects for which arl has been responsible in these areas culminated in the addition to the higher education act of 1965 of the provision which developed as the national program for acquisitions and cataloging. it could be argued that this activity without the early intimate knowledge of the technical service operations has resulted in some miscalculations. for example, the cooperative cataloging aspect of the farmington plan simply broke down as the cataloging demands of the participating libraries overrode the directors' commitment to providing early cataloging for receipts. but, on balance, the value of the arl aid to technical services has been of decisive importance to whatever progress has been made, and will doubtless continue to be so. in reviewing 1876, one senses an excited gathering of librarians' concerns and an exciting move toward cooperation in dealing with them. the need for cooperation today is at once grimmer than in 1876 and easier because of new technological support. in 1976, one feels a similar shimmer of excitement on the edge of new areas of cooperation and, again, librarians approaching them willing to face the hazards to each library's autonomy which the changes will bring. references 1. john fiske, "a librarian's work," atlantic monthly 38:480 (oct. 1876). 2. george b. utley, the librarians' conference of 1853 ( chicago: american library assn., 1951), p.65. 3. lloyd p. smith, ''proceedings," american library jourruil1:141 (nov. 30, 1876). 4. college and university postwar planning committee of the american library association and the association of college and reference libraries, college and university libraries and librarians hip ( plan)i ning for libraries, no.6 [chicago: american library assn., 1946] ), p.40. 5. [melvil dewey] a classification and subject index for cataloguing and arranging the books and pamphlets of a library (amherst, mass.: 1876). 6. charles a. cutter, "rules for a printed dictionary catalogue," in department of the interior, bureau of education, public libraries in the united states of america: their history, condition, and management (special report, part ii [washington, d.c.: govt. print. off., 1876]). hereafter cited as 1876 report. 7. paul s. dunkin, cataloging u.s.a. (chicago: american library assn., 1969), p.l. 8. fiske, "a librarian's work," p.480. 9. george t. little, "school and college libraries," in melvil dewey, ed., papers prepared for the world's library congress read at the columbian exposition (washington, d.c.: govt. print. off., 1896), "reprint of chapter ix of part ii of the report of the commissioner of education for 1892-93," p.930. hereafter cited as world's library congress in notes and in the text. 10. american library association, a survey of libraries in the united states, v.4 (chicago: american library assn., 192627), p.19698. 11. william m. randall and francis l. d. goodrich, principles of college library administration ( chicago: american library assn. and the univ. of chicago pr., 1936), p.94-99. 12. donald coney, "the administration of technical processes," in carleton b. joeckel, ed., current issues in library administration: papers presented before the library institute at the university of chicago, august 1-12, 1938 (chicago: univ. of chicago pr., 1939 ), p.163-80. 13. ibid., p.176. 14. raynard c. swank, "the catalog department in the library organization," library quarterly 18:24-32 (jan. 1948). 15. "the technical services division in libraries: a symposium," college & research libraries 10:46-68 (jan. 1949). 16. joseph l. cohen, "a general consideration of the technical services division in libraries," in "the technical services division in libraries," p.47. 17. margaret c. brown, "the small public library," in "the technical services division in libraries," p.55. 18. richard h. logsdon, "summary," in "the technical services division in libraries," p.67. from cutter to computer i 447 19. arthur m. mcanally, "organization of college and university libraries," library trends 1:25 (july 1952). 20. maurice f. tauber and associates, technical services in libraries: acquisitions, cataloging, clas~ification, binding, photographic reproduction, and circulation operat·ions (new york: columbia univ. pr., 1954). 21. esther j. piercy, "introducing lrts," library resources & technical services 1:3-4 (winter 1957). 22. john m. dawson, "a brief history of the technical services in libraries," library resources & technical services 6:197-204 (summer 1962); james e. skipper, "the present state and future development of technical services," library resources & technical services 6:205-9 (summer 1962). 23. raynard c. swank, "subject catalogs, classifications, or bibliographies? a review of critical discussions, 1876-1942," library quarterly 14:31632 (oct. 1944). 24. ibid., p.316. 25. swank, "the catalog department," p.2432. 26. e. walfred erickson, college and university library surveys, 19381952 ( acrl monographs, no.25 [chicago: american library assn., 1961]), p.3. 27. ralph e. shaw, "introduction," in shaw, ed., "scientific management in . libraries," library trends 2:359 (jan. 1954). 28. bella e. shachtman, ed., "technical services: .policy, organization, and coordination," journal of cataloging and classification 11:59-114 ( april1955). 29. richard m. dougherty, robert w. wadsworth, 'and d. h. axford, policies and programs designed to improve cooperation and coordination among technical service operating units (occasional papers, no.86 [urbana: univ. of illinois graduate school of library science, 1967] ). 30. booz, allen & hamilton, inc., organization and staring of the libraries of columbia university (westport, conn.: redgrave information resources corp., 1973), p.xvi. 31. ibid., p.55-57. 32. columbia university libraries, the administrative organization of the libraries of columbia university: a detailed description (new york: columbia univ. libraries, 1973). 33. dawson, "a brief history of the technical services," p.127. 448 i college & research libraries • september 1976 34. william m. randall, "the technical processes and library service," in randall, ed., the acquisition and cataloging of books; papers presented before the library institute at the ·university of chicago, july 29 to august 9, 1940 (chicago: univ. of chicago pr., 1940 ), p.6. 35. world's library congress, p.809-26, 91633. 36. c. w. andrews, "the acquisition of books," public libraries 8:195-202 (may 1903). 37. "methods of book buying," library journal31:14-17 (jan. 1906). 38. isabel e. lord, "some notes on the principles and practice of bookbuying for libraries," library journal 32:3-64 (jan. 1907). 39. gardner m. jones, "accession department," world's library congress, p.814. 40. lord, "some notes," p.64. 41. francis k. w. drury, order work for libraries ( chicago: american library assn., 1930), p.69. 42. randall and goodrich, principles of college library administration, p.131. 43. guy r. lyle, the administrat-ion of the college library (4th ed.; new york: wilson, 1974), p.194. 44. kenneth g. peterson, the university of california library at berkeley, 19001945 (university of california publications in librarianships, no. 8 [berkeley: univ. of california pr., 1970] ), p.20. 45. cutter, "rules," p.82. 46. "methods of book buying," p.17. 47. lord, "some notes," p.9. 48. george a. works, college and university library problems: a study of a selected group of institutions prepared for the association of american universities (chicago: american library assn., 1927), p.104. 49. college and university postwar planning committee, college and university libraries, p.39-40. 50. william f. poole, "the organization and management of public libraries," in 1876 report, p.482. 51. lord, "some notes," p.60. 52. drury, order work, p.74-78. 53. randall and goodrich, principles of college library administration, p.93. 54. louis r. wilson and maurice f. tauber, the university library: its organization, administration, and functions (chicago: univ. of chicago pr., 1945), p.145. 55. nelson w. mccombs, "correlated order forms," library journal 58:285-89 (april 1, 1933). 56. cutter, "rules," p.82. 57. jones, "accession department," p.817. 58. drury, order work, p.67-71. 59. randall and goodrich, principles of college library administration, p. 92, 60. ibid., p.131. 61. gertrude wulfekoetter, acquisition work: processes involved in building library collections (seattle: univ. of washington pr., 1961), p.45-51. 62. stephen ford, the acquisition of library materials ( chicago: american library assn., 1973 ), p.23. 63. ibid., p.38-39. 64. poole, "the organization and management," p.483. 65. jones, "accession department," p.816. 66. ibid., p.816-17. 67. lord, "some notes," p.61. 68. drury, order work, p.49. 69. wulfekoetter, acquisition work, p.64-65. 70. ford, the acquisition of library materials, p.104-5. 71. american library association, co-operation committee, ''sixth report," library journal2:221 (nov.-dec. 1877). 72. "methods of book buying," p.16. 73. lord, "some notes," p.58. 74. drury, order work, p.12-13. 75. ibid., p.23-33. 76. wulfekoetter, acquisition work, p.52-69. 77. poole, "the organization and management," p.482. 78. william f. poole, "proceedings," american library journal 1:134 (nov. 30, 1876). 79. lord, "some notes," p.3-8. 80. poole, "the organization and management," p.481. 81. "legislation respecting duties on books imported for public use," 1876 report, p.290-91. 82. poole, ''the organization and management," p.489. 83. fiske, "a librarian's work," p.481.. 84. ibid. 85. "proceedings," american library journal 1:133-34 (nov. 30, 1876). 86. justin winsor, "shelf lists vs. accession catalogues," library journal 3:247-48 (sept. 1878). 87. american library association, committee on library administration, "report [on accessioning]" in "papers and proceedings," ala bulletin 2:223-25 (sept. 1908). 88. american library association, a survey, v.4, p.57-65. 89. "lj's survey of accession and inventory practices;~ library journal 84:104~52 (april!, 1959). 90. "college libraries," 1876 report, p.62. 91. jones, "accession department," p.816. 92. ibid., p.819. 93. andrews, "the acquisition of books," . p.l97-98. 94. ibid., p.201. 95. j. i. wyer, the college and university library (manual of library economy, iv [3d ed. rev.; chicago: american library assn., 1928]), p.28-29. 96. drury, order work, p.l28-40. 97. melvil dewey, "proceedings," american library joumall:l31 (nov. 30, 1876). 98. adolf hepner, . "a proposition for an american libraries' clearinghouse," in "cleveland conference proceedings," library journal 21 :c67 (sept. 1896). 99. jones, "accession department," p.81819. 100. helen w. welch, "publications exchange," library trends 3:425 (april 1955). . 101. theodore gill, . "the smithsonian system of exchanges," 1876 report, p.285-90. 102. erickson, college and university library . surveys, pal. 103. edward g. holley, raking the historic goals; the a.l.a. scrapbook of 1876 (beta phi mu chapbook no.b [beta phi mu, 1967] ), p.l2-13. 104. james g. barnwell, "a universal catalogue-its necessity and practicability," american library journal 1:57-58 (nov. 30, 1876). 105. "proceedings," american library journal 1:112 (nov. 30, 1876). 106. otis h. robinson, "college library administration," 1876 report, p.509. 107. charles a. cutter, "library catalogues," 1876 report, p.526-622. 108. "catalogues and cataloguing," 1876 report, p.623-62. 109. dunkin, cataloging u.s.a., p.99. 110. l. e. jones, ''the government library report," american library journal 1:9 (sept. 30, 1876). ill. dunkin, cataloging u.s.a., p.viii. 112. eugene r. hanson and jay e. daily, "catalogs and cataloging," in encyclopedia of library and information science, v.4 (new york: dekker, 1968), p.242305. 113. cutter, "rules," p.10. 114. ibid., p.5. 115. hanson and daily, "catalogs and cataloging," p.245. 116. william c. lane, "cataloging," world's library congress, p.835-49. from cutter to computer i -44.9 117. dunkin, cataloging u.s.a., p.9-10. 118. andrew d. osborn, "the crisis in cataloging," library quarterly 11:393-411 (oct. 1941). 119. wyllis e. wright, "the anglo-american cataloging rules: a historical perspective," library resources & technical services 20:36-47 (winter 1976). 120. jim ranz, the printed book catalogue in american libraries: 1723-1900 (acrl monographs no.26 [chicago, american library assn., 1964]), p.70. 121. little, "school and college libraries," p.928. 122. charles a. cutter, "proceedings," library journal2:259 ( nov.dec. 1877 ). 123. hermann a. hagen, "the librarian's work," nation 24:40-41 (jan. 18, 1877). 124. charles a. cutter, "the cataloguer's work," nation 24:86-88 (feb. 8, 1877). 125. ibid., p.87. 126. for more details see kenneth j. brough, scholars workshop: evolving conceptions of library service (illinois contributions to librarianship, no.5 [urbana: univ. of illinois pr. 1953] ), p.105-9. 127. dunkin, cataloging u.s.a., p.20. 128. cutter, "rules," p.10 . 129. dunkin, cataloging u.s.a., p.20. 130. lyle, the administration of the college library, p.5~9. 131. isadore g. mudge, ''present day economies in cataloging as seen by the reference librarian of a large university library," in american library association, catalog section, catalogers' and classifiers' yearbook 4:22 ( 1934). 132. fiske, "a librarian's work," p.481-82. 133. robinson, "college library administration," p.509. 134. ibid. 135. "proceedings," american library journal 1:141-42 (nov. 30, 1876). 136. melvil dewey, "catalogues and cataloguing," part i, 1876 report, p.623. 137. hanson and daily, "catalogs and cataloging," p.268. 138. leo e. lamontagne, american library classification with special reference to the library of congress (hamden, conn.: shoe string, 1961), p.208. 139. dunkin, cataloging u.s.a., p.100. 140. cutter, "rules," p.9. 141. robert l. mowery, "the cutter classification: still at work," library resources & technical services 20:154-56 (spring 1976). 142. dunkin, cataloging u.s.a., p.101. 143. lamontagne, american library classification, p.232-33. 450 i college & research libraries • september 1976 144. little, "school and college libraries," p.923. 145. horace kephart, "classification," world's library congress, p.861-62, 890. 146. haynes mcmullen, "administration of the university of chicago libraries, 1910-28," library quarterly 23:29 (jan. 1953). 147. "symposium on classification," ala bulletin 5:224-39 (july 1911). 148. works, college and university library problems, p.103-4. 149. john p. comaromi, mary e. michael, and janet bloom, a surve.y of the use of the dewey decimal classification in the united states and canada (albany, n.y.: forest press, lake placid foundation, 1975), p.13. 150. ibid., p.16. 151. robert l. mowery, "the 'trend to lc' in college and university libraries," library resources & technical services 19: 389 (fall 1975). 152. lyle, the administration of the college library, p.57-58; rutherford d. rogers and david c. weber, university library administration {new york: wilson, 1971 ), p.171. 153. abstract of ruth m. heiss, ''the card catalog in libraries of the united states before 1876" (master's thesis, univ. of illinois, 1938), in american library association, catalog section, catalogers' and classifoers' yearbook 8:125-26 ( 1939). 154. ranz, the printed book catalogue, p.76. 155. catherine d. hayes, "the history of the university of rochester libraries-120 years," the university of rochester library buuetin 25:70 {spring 1970). 156. robinson, "college library administration," p.512. 157. justin winsor and otis h. robinson, college libraries as aids to instruction (u.s. bureau of education circulars of information, no.1-1880 [washington, d.c.: govt. print. off., 1880]), p.14. 158. ibid., p.17. 159. james krikelas, ''catalog use studies and their implications," in melvin j. voigt, ed., advances in librarians hip 3: 195-200 (1972). 160. american library association, "constitution," american library journal 1:254 (march 31, 1877). 161. american library journal 1:251 (march 31, 1877). 162. melvil dewey, "the coming catalogue," american library journal 1:423 (aug. 31, 1877). 163. john m. dawson, "a history of central. ized cataloging," library resources & technical services 11:28-32 (winter 1967). 164. vivian d. palmer, "a brief history of cataloging codes in the united states, 1852-1949" (master's paper, univ. of chicago, 1963). 165. velva j. osborn, "a history of cooperative cataloging in the united states" (master's paper, univ. of chicago, 1944). 166. john m. dawson, "the library of congress: its role in cooperative and centralized cataloging," library trends 16: 88 {july 1967). 167. john w. cronin, "remarks on lc plans for implementation of new centralized acquisitions and cataloging program u nder title iic, higher education act" library resources & tchnical services 11: 35-45 (winter 1967 ) . 168. 1876 report, p.513-14, fn.l. 169. dawson, "the library of congress," p.90-91. 170. library of congress, processing department, the cataloging-in-source experiment: a report to the librarian of congress {washington, d.c.: library of congress, 1960). 171. hanson and daily, "catalogs and cataloging,"p.287. 172. a. r. spofford, "periodical literature and society publications," 1876 report, p.681. 173. charles a. cutter, rules for a dictionary catalog (4th ed.; washington, d.c.: govt. print. off., 1904), p.22. 17 4. cutter, "rules," p.33. 175. cutter, rules, 4th ed., p.59. 176. works, college and university library problems, p.118-19. 177. drury, order work, p.98. 178. "proceedings," american library journal 1:124-25 (nov. 30, 1876). 179. american library association, co-operation committee, "fifth report," american library journal1:432 (aug. 31, 1877). 180. ''proceedings," library journal 2:34 (sept. 1877). 181. edward b. nicholson, "on buckram as a binding-material," library journal 2: 207-9 {nov.-dec. 1877). 182. a. r. spofford, "binding and preservation of books," 1876 report, p.673-78. 183. ibid., p.673. 184. poole, "the organizational and management" p.481. 185. d. v. r. johnston, ''elements of library binding," world's · library congress, p.907-16. 186. works, college and university library problems, p.99. i( 187. college and university postwar planning committee, college and university libraries, p.30-32. 188. dudley a. weiss, .. binding institute, library," in encyclopedia of library and information science v.2 (new york: dekker, 1968), p.510-12. 189. american library association, library technolggy project, development of performance standards for library binding, phase i-ii (chicago: american library assn., 1961, 1966). 190. fremont rider, the scholar and the future of the research library: a problem and its solution (new york: hadham pr., 1944), p.12. 191. ibid. 192. william j. baumol and matityahu mar. cus, economics of academic libraries from cutter to computer i 451 (washington, d.c.: american council on education, 1973), p.41-42. 193. hanson and daily, "catalogs and cataloging," p.292. 194. barnwell, .. a universal catalogue," p.5455. 195. oclc needs no explanation for the many library users of this fastest growing of the computer systems. for those just back from a decade on a desert island, art plotnick has drawn together a primer on oclc, with a side glance at ballots, its west coast counterpart, in american libraries 7:258-75 (may 1976). 196. ibid., p.58. 197. abstract of frank m. mcgowan, ''the ~sociation of research libraries, 19321962," in dissertation abstracts international 34:348-a (july 1973). helen w. tuttle is assistant university librarian far technical services, princeton university, princeton, new jersey. _i acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 400 / c &rl news t h e theme is “a national information policy: eco n o m ic im plications for in form ation p ro­ viders.” for registration information, contact n fais, 112 south 16th street, 12th floor, phila­ delphia, pa 19102; (215) 563-2406. april 16– 18— videotex: videotex ’84, sponsored by l o n ­ don online in c ., will be held at the hyatt re­ gency, chicago. the conference will focus on marketing, information products and services, and technology. contact: videotex ’84, london o nline i n c ., suite 3 3 1 4 , 1133 avenue of the americas, new york, ny 10036; (212) 3 9 8 –1177. 2 3 –2 6 —catholic libraries: 63d annual conven­ tion, catholic library association, boston park plaza hotel. the convention theme is “freedom our heritage, peace our challenge.” contact: john t . corrigan, c l a headquarters, 461 west lancaster avenue, haverford, pa 19041; (215) 649-5251. ■ ■ statement of ownership and management c o lleg e & r esearch l ib raries n ews is published 11 times a year (monthly, combining july/august), by the american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, illinois 60611. american library associa­ tion, owner; george m. eberhart, editor. second class postage paid at chicago, illinois. printed in u.s.a. as a nonprofit organization authorized to mail at special rates (section 4 11.3, dmm), the purposes, function, and nonprofit status of this organization, and the exempt status for federal income tax purposes, have not c h a n g ed d urin g the p re c e d in g tw elve months. extent and nature of circulation (“ a verage” figures denote the num ber of copies p r in te d each issue d urin g the p rec ed in g tw elve months; “actual” figures denote number of copies of single issue published nearest to filing date— the sep­ tember 1983 issue.) total number of copies printed: average, 12,250; actual, 11,535. sales through deal­ ers and carriers, street vendors, and counter sales: not applicable. mail subscriptions: average, 8 ,696 ; ac­ tual, 8,810. total paid circulation: average, 8,696; actual, 8,810. free distribution by mail, carrier, or other means, samples, complimentary, and other free copies: average, 1,172; actual, 1,169. total distribu­ tion: average, 9,868; actual, 9,979. copies not dis­ tributed: office use, left over, unaccounted, spoiled after printing: average, 2,382; actual, 1,556. returns from news agents: not applicable. total (sum of pre­ vious entries): average, 12,250; actual, 11,535. statement of ownership, management, and circula­ tion (ps form 3526, june 1980) for 1983 filed with the united states postal service, postmaster in chicago, illinois, september 30, 1983. dasthisdlfsecisae deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $4.00 per line for acrl members, $5.00 for others. late job notices are $10.00 per line for members, $12.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. t eleph one: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). g uidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the last day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 31 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jo bline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep't, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. for sale elsevier a n tiq u a r ia n d epa r tm en t. periodicals and rare books on lifeand earth sciences. over 1 million volumes on stock. catalogues available on demand. please write to: lippijn straat 4, 1055 kj amsterdam, the netherlands. positions open b io m e d ic a l c o l l e c t io n d e v e l o p m e n t l ib r a r ia n , dartmouth college library. dartmouth college library is seeking qualified candidates for the newly created position of collection de­ velopment librarian for the dana biomedical library which serves the dartmouth college medical school, the dartmouth hitchcock medical center, and the dartmouth college department of biomedi­ cal sciences. under the direction of the biomedical librarian, is re­ sponsible for collection development and maintenance of the collec­ tions in the life sciences and the medical sciences, and coordinates technical services activities in dana biomedical library with the cen­ tralized technical services of the dartmouth college library system. supervises the work of the serials assistant, participates in the provi­ sion of reference service. qualifications: ala/mls, 2 years experi­ ence in a health sciences library, academic background in the bio­ logical sciences, familiarity with the medical sciences literature, knowledge of computer-based systems (oclc, rlin, nlm). salary and rank commensurate with background and experience, $15,500 minimum. send resume and names of 3 references by november 30, 1983, to: phyllis e. jaynes, director of user services, 115 baker st., dartmouth college library, hanover, nh 03755. dartmouth col­ lege is an aa/eeo /m /f employer. b r itish-am erica n stu d ies biblio grapher. responsible for selection of materials to support instruction and research in en­ glish language and literature, other literature in english, american n ovem ber 1983 / 401 and british history and culture. selection of current and retrospective monographs and serials. acquiring and evaluating gift collections. able to cultivate strong work relations with academic departments. work closely with other bibliographers, librarians, and the acquisi­ tions and cataloging departments. work with potential donors re­ quired. responsible for evaluation of collections in addition to budg­ etary management. mls required from accredited library school. minimum six years relevant experience in british-american studies. advanced subject degree(s), scholarly record, competency in for­ eign languages and pertinent collection development experience. knowledge of publishing industry, antiquarian book trade and effec­ tive communication skills required. $26,940 minimum based on 1982/83 academic salary schedule. salary commensurate with qual­ ifications. faculty status, calendar year appointment, tiaa/cref, life/health insurance, 22 days vacation. submit resumes and three current reference sources by november 30, 1983, to shirley w. bolles(app. 72), alexander library, rutgers university, new bruns­ wick, nj 08903. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. business librarian. two positions. applications are invited from qualified persons. primary responsibility is to provide reference services including desk service, instruction, online data base search­ ing, and preparation of reference guides. additional duties involve computerized circulation activities and interaction with three library support staff and student aides. other duties as assigned. work with the head of the business library to develop activities, policies, and procedures. some evening and possibly some weekend assign­ ments. the business library serves the college of business with an enrollment of 5,000 undergraduate and graduate students. re­ quired: ala-accredited mls degree. college course work in busi­ ness and/or business library experience. a good knowledge of busi­ ness literature. some acquaintance with online database searching. available january 1, 1984. instructor rank. salary range begins at $14,500 for twelve months. two year term appointment. may be re­ newed. full faculty status. annual vacation of 20 days, all designated university holidays, 10 days professional development leave. send letter of application, resume, academic credentials and placement file by december 1 ‚. 1983, to: carl h. sachtleben, director of li­ braries, western michigan university, dwight b. waldo library, ka­ lamazoo, ml 49008. eeo, aa employer. catalog librarians (2) at the brown university library. one catalog librarian responsible for original cataloging of music mono­ graphs, scores, sound recordings, and romance language litera­ ture. one temporary catalog librarian responsible for original cata­ loging of monographs in the subject areas of art history, classics and bibliography; this position is a temporary, 12 month appointment with the possibility of becoming permanent. requirements for both positions: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school; two years relevant professional experience; knowledge of aacr2, lc rule interpretations and the marc format; familiarity with oclc or rlin. the music catalog librarian should have a background in music and a reading knowledge of german and italian; a knowledge of additional romance languages is desirable. the temporary cata­ log librarian should have an academic background or work experi­ ence in art, history or bibliography, with a reading knowledge of ger­ man, one romance language, and latin or greek. appointment range: $17,853-$23,016, based upon experience. interested can­ didates should send letter of application, resume and names of three references by november 20, 1983, to: gloria hagberg, brown uni­ versity library, providence, rl 02912. an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. catalog librarian. duties include original cataloging and ed­ iting oclc copy in all marc formats. mls from ala-accredited school required. two to three years experience preferred, especially with working knowledge of lc classification, aacr2 and oclc. knowledge of at least one european language highly desirable. twelve-month appointment, proposed effective date: april 1984. faculty rank and salary commensurate with qualifications; $16,500 minimum; tiaa/cref and university mandated benefits. send re­ sume and names of three references by december 16,1983, to ray­ mond a. frankie, director, j. murrey atkins library, the university of north carolina at charlotte, uncc, charlotte, nc 28223. the uni­ versity of north carolina at charlotte is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to ap­ ply. cataloger, original cataloging department. facili­ tates the processing of m onographic materials by assigning lc clas­ sification numbers and subject headings, establishing aacr2 form of name for corporate and difficult personal names, and interpreting aacr2 and lc practice for clerical and beginning professional staff. participates in meetings of original catalogers and in development of processing divisional policies, procedures, and plans. qualifica­ tions: ala/mls; minimum 2 years cataloging experience, which should include original cataloging, plus monographic cataloging ex­ perience with aacr2, lc and lcsh in an academic environment; experience with oclc or equivalent and name authority files highly desirable. salary negotiable, minimum $16,500. available immedi­ ately. texas a&m university has an enrollment of 36,000 and is lo­ cated in the bryan-college station community of 90,000 residents, 100 miles from houston and austin. library holdings consist of 1.4 million volumes, 15,347 subscriptions, and 2.2 million microforms. the library staff includes 54 librarians and 141 classified employ­ ees. librarians hold faculty status and are expected to meet promo­ tion and tenure requirem ents of the university. benefits: up to $70/month paid on health, life, and disability insurance package; 88% of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of re­ tirement plans including tiaa-cref, tax deferred annuity program available; no state or local income taxes; 10.5-month appointment, faculty rank; 14 state holidays. to apply, contact: susan s. lytle, head, personnel operations, university library, texas a&m univer­ sity, college station, tx 77843. an aa/eeo employer. cataloger. (search reopened). performs original cataloging and cataloging with copy using oclc; catalog maintenance, includ­ ing authority work; some reference duties. participates with the head of catalog section, in formulation of cataloging policies and proce­ dures. knowledge of oclc, aacr2, lc classification and subject headings essential; ability to catalog foreign language materials. qualifications: mls. salary: $16,000, tiaa/cref and usual fringe benefits. interviewing at midwinter ala january 7-10. send resume and names of three references by january 11,1984, to: willis e. bri degam, librarian, amherst college, amherst, ma 01002. eoe, aa, m/f/h. director western washington university wilson library western washington university is a comprehen­ sive university with over 9,000 students and 425 faculty. the library contains 475,000 volumes, 600.000 units of microform and subscribes to over 4.000 periodicals. there are 13 faculty, 45 staff, and a materials budget of over $800,000. the li­ brary is an rlin member and has access to all ma­ jor data bases. there is a branch music library and an educational media service. the director of the wilson library reports to the provost and is a member of the deans council. po­ sition is available july 1, 1984, following the retire­ ment of the present director. salary is dependent on qualifications and experience; minimum $30,000. criteria for selection shall include: an appropriate graduate degree; record of scholarly accomplish­ ment and professional service; successful progres­ sive administrative experience in comparable or larger university libraries; a record of constructive interaction with university and wider communities; experience with automated systems, collection de­ velopment, personnel, budget and space manage­ ment; a strong commitment to library support for teaching, scholarship and service to all members of the academic community; service at several univer­ sity libraries and teaching experience desired. letters of application (or nomination), including a professional resume and the names and addresses of three references, should be sent by january 12, 1984, to: dean daniel larner chair, library director search committee fairhaven college western washington university bellingham, wa 98225 western washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 402 / c &rl news director of libraries. the university of wisconsin-madison. the director of libraries is the chief executive and manager of the general library system (gls) of the university of wisconsin madison. the director is responsible for management of centralized services for gls libraries and for direction of the central staff and in­ dividual library directors. the director is the principal representative and advisor for the chancellor and vice chancellor on university li­ brary coordination and policy development, is a member of the chancellor’s administrative council, chairs the campus-wide admin­ istrative library planning body, and serves as the primary campus link with other libraries throughout the university of wisconsin sys­ tem and the state. the director of libraries must have demonstrated management skills and leadership ability. management experience within a system of libraries, plus competence in and understanding of library functions, is desired. a master of library science or earned doctorate is preferred. appointment to the faculty or academic staff is dependent upon qualifications. salary: $45,000 + . the university of wisconsin-madison is an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. send nominations or applications, accompanied by resume, to: robert lampman, chair, director of libraries search and screen committee, office of the secretary of the faculty, the university of wisconsin-madison, 134 bascom hall, 500 lincoln drive, madison, wl 53706. director of minitex (search extended). the director of mini tex (minnesota interlibrary telecommunications exchange) repre­ sents minitex in appropriate state, regional, and national forums, and is expected to provide effective and innovative leadership, on behalf of m in itex and its participants, in furthering interlibrary coop­ eration at the state, regional, and national levels. applicants for this position must have demonstrated skills in management, planning, communication, and interpersonal relations. they must have a so­ phisticated knowledge of interlibrary cooperation and networking, including developments that are currently taking place in this area. they must be able to work effectively with library administrators, li­ brarians, and others in a complex cooperative environment. at least three years of significant management responsibility in a library— preferably a large academic library—or a library network is required, as is the mls. the director of m in itex is responsible for managing a regional interlibrary cooperative program, which has as its mission to facilitate resource sharing among libraries in minnesota and north and south dakota in order to strengthen the library services pro­ vided to the user and to contribute to the effectiveness of library ser­ vices in individual libraries. minitex is a program of the minnesota higher education coordinating board (mhecb), which provides its basic funding. additional funding is provided by the minnesota of­ fice of public libraries and interlibrary cooperation and by north da­ kota and south dakota, under contract with mhecb. at the present time, more than 150 academic, state agency, and public libraries in minnesota, north dakota, and south dakota participate in the vari­ ous minitex activities. mhecb contracts with the university of min­ nesota for management of minitex. minitex currently has five ma­ jor programmatic activities: document delivery, backup reference service, periodical exchange, coordination of and training for oclc participation, and maintenance of a regional union list of serials (muls). the director of minitex has responsibility for management of these programs, each of which is headed by a coordinator who reports to the minitex director. the minitex director, in turn, re­ ports to the director of the university of minnesota libraries, under the agreement between the university and mhecb. minitex is lo­ cated in wilson library on the university of minnesota campus. it has an annual operating budget of approximately $850,000 and a staff of approximately 32 fte, including four professionals. with regard to policy and program priorities, the director of minitex is responsible to the director of program planning and coordination at mhecb. a minitex advisory committee, comprised of representatives of the various types of libraries who participate in the program and the agencies with whom mhecb contracts for minitex services, ad­ vises the minitex director and the mhecb director of program planning and coordination regarding minitex policy and program directions. the mhecb is ultimately responsible for minitex policy. the director of minitex holds an academic-administrative appoint­ ment in the university of minnesota libraries. salary is negotiable, with a base of $40,000. a full range of benefits is provided. deadline for a postmark of applications is december 15, 1983. applicants should send a resume, a sample of their writing, and the names and addresses of three references with their relationship to the applicant, to the university libraries personnel officer. applications should be sentto: robert l. wright, personnel officer, university libraries, 499 wilson library, 309 south 19th avenue, minneapolis, mn 55455. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. director of research library. colonial williamsburg foundation. responsibilities: 1) administer the research library and special collections (manuscripts, rare books, other research materi­ als) of the historical museum; develop collections; establish stan­ dards and promote programs for conservation, automated biblio­ graphic access, and reader services; manage fiscal resources, including outside funding; supervise and coordinate staff (profes­ sional, paraprofessional, and clerical) and volunteers; head foundation-wide library services committee; and maintain donor re­ lations. 2) publicize the research collections through books, articles, and lectures. 3) plan for and design expanding library network, in­ cluding consolidating library services, automated systems, and per­ sonnel and space growth. 4) be accountable for the security of the collections. salary: mid-twenties. qualifications. required: ala accredited fifth-year degree in library science; minimum of four years administrative experience of increasing responsibility in an aca­ demic or special collections environment; advanced degree in colo­ nial history or the humanities; demonstrated ability to speak and write effectively. desired: demonstrated fund-raising ability, including successful grants; experience in library/archival conservation pro­ grams; research interest in an area of colonial williamsburg’s collec­ tions. send letter of inquiry and resume to: barbara wielicki, director of employment, colonial williamsburg foundation, p.o. box c, wil­ liamsburg, va 23187. application deadline: 31 december 1983. the colonial williamsburg foundation is an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. head, cataloging department. administers cataloging department which is responsible for monographic and non-print original and copy cataloging, authority control, catalog mainte­ nance, and retrospective conversion. supervises 14 staff members, including 4 professional librarians. plays a major role in continuing implementation of geac online library system. reports to the asso­ ciate director for technical services. required: ala-accredited mls; minimum of 5 years experience in cataloging in a large aca­ demic library; excellent communication skills; experience with lc classification and subject headings, aacr2 and authority control; experience with cataloging using a bibliographic utility, preferably oclc; demonstrated successful supervisory experience; demon­ strated ability to plan and implement new programs; ability to work with materials in foreign languages. 12-month appointment, 24 days annual leave, tuition remission, usual benefits. minimum salary $25,000. assistant or associate professor, d.o.q. send letter of appli­ cation, resume, and names of 3 references by december 5,1983, to: jill keally, personnel librarian, the university of tennessee library, knoxville, tn 37996-1000. utk is an eeo, affirmative action, title ix, section 504 employer. head librarian/bibliographer. direct the program of ser vice and collection development of swain library of chemistry and chemical engineering. duties include managing the library and its research collections, providing graduate and research reference service, and serving as member of collection development council and other committees as necessary. mls from an ala-accredited school or equivalent in training/experience required, along with 5 -6 years in building research level collections, demonstrated ability in coordinating resources/services, excellent interpersonal/written skills, and experience in supervision/administration and automated data and reference services. reading ability in a non-english west­ ern european language, preferably german, is required. send cover letter and resume with 3 references by november 30,1983, to carolyn henderson, library personnel officer, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305. cite #245a on all correspondence. we are an equal opportunity employer through affirmative action. head of public services (librarian iii). land grant university library serving over 9,000 students; member of tri-college univer­ sity (north dakota state university, moorhead state university, con­ cordia college); participant in minnesota state university system’s online library catalog. responsible for the administration of all public service operations. coordinates public services’ activities with other library divisions and with the tri-college libraries. reports to the li­ brary director and participates in general policy formation and ad­ ministration of library. requirements include: no less than 5 years progressively responsible professional experience in an academic library including automation and supervisory responsibility; compre­ hensive knowledge of and experience in public services; strong leadership and management skills; ability to work effectively with uni­ versity community; degree from accredited mls program or equiva­ lent. salary range: $20,580-$24,937. tiaa/cref. blue cross-blue shield. submit letter of application, resume, and 3 current references to: personnel office, north dakota state university, fargo, nd 58105. application deadline: december 15,1983. ndsu is an equal opportunity institution. head of public services. responsible for administration of all areas of public service in a 380,000-volume library serving 7,000 stu­ dents. coordinates and supervises professional and support staff in interlibrary loan, circulation, reference, data base search, media center, documents, and maps. provides reference service. re­ sponsible for one of the public service functions. qualifications: ala accredited mls, 3 -5 years professional academic experience in public service, administrative and supervisory skills, familiarity with automated library systems is desirable. faculty status, tenure-track position. salary from $22,000 depending on qualifications. send let­ ter of application, resume, and three letters of recommendation, to the director's office, olson library, northern michigan university, marquette, m l49855. deadline: december 15. an a a /e o employer. head, science libraries. librarian iv, mit libraries. under the assistant director for public services, administers the mit sci­ ence library and its branches, lindgren (earth and planetary sein ovem ber 1983 / 403 ences) and schering-plough (health sciences), and the chemistry reading room. supervises a staff of eight librarians and eight sup­ port staff. participates in and oversees the provision of reference ser­ vices and bibliographic instruction, and the developm ent of collec­ tions in astronomy, biology, chemistry and chemical engineering, earth and planetary sciences, materials sciences, mathematics, medical sciences, meteorology, neuroscience, nuclear engineering, nutrition, oceanography, and physics. serves as a m em ber of the divisional librarians group which coordinates the public services of the mit libraries and as a m em ber of library council. qualifications: mls from an accredited library school required. minimum of seven years increasingly responsible professional experience in an aca­ dem ic library required. demonstrated effective managem ent skills required. experience in reference services and collection m anage­ ment in a science or engineering research library as well as dem on­ strated knowledge of the applications of technology are essential. graduate or undergraduate degree in science highly desirable. sal­ ary: $25,500 + , depending on experience. interested individuals should send resumes including the names of three references by de­ cem ber 15, 1983, to: search committee for science librarian, the libraries, room 14s-216, massachusetts institute of technology, c am bridge, ma 02139. mit is an equal opportunity em ployer with an affirmative action plan and welcomes applications from qualified women and minority candidates. in s tr u c tio n a l services librarian. this individual reports to the public services librarian and is responsible for planning, de­ veloping and im plem enting all library instructional programs; online bibliographic data-base searching; and assisting with reference in­ quiries. requires accredited mls; additional masters degree de­ sired. must be able to participate in a dynam ic library m anagement team, supervise staff, work cooperatively with faculty, students, staff and general public. this is a permanent nine month, tenure-track fac­ ulty appointment. minimum monthly salary of $2,638. uaj is one of three university cam pus centers in the university of alaska system. it is a small but growing institution located in the splendor of southeast alaska. please send com plete credential file, including letters of ref­ erence, by decem ber 15,1983, to: fran barnes, administrative sec­ retary, library & media services, university of alaska, juneau, 11120 g lacier h ighw ay, juneau, ak 99801. the u niversity of alaska is an eo/aa em ployer and educational institution. library directo r, california state college, bakersfield. re­ sponsible for all library operations. directs professional staff of seven and support staff of thirteen. qualifications: ala/m ls and an addi­ tional advanced degree required. successful library managerial ex­ perience required, with both public and technical services experi­ e nce d e sira b le . e xp e rie n ce with lib ra ry a u to m a tio n re q u ire d . college library experience desirable. the successful candidate will possess the ability to com m unicate and work effectively with the ad­ ministration, faculty, staff, students and com m unity and the ability to promote and present the library position to the cam pus com m unity and within the state university system. active participation in the li­ brary profession required. salary: $39,756 to $48,072. position available on or about april 1 ‚ 1984. send letters of application, re­ sume and the names of three professional references to chair, search and nominating committee, office of the vice president, cal­ ifornia state college, bakersfield, 9001 stockdale hwy., bakersfield, ca 93311. applications must be received by december 30, 1983. csb is an affirmative action, equal opportunity, title ix, m/f/h/d em­ ployer. m a n a g e m e n t reference l ib r a r ia n . specializes in full range of information and reference services for students and faculty of northwestern university’s kellogg graduate school of m anage­ ment, and participates in general social sciences and humanities ref­ erence programs. assists in planning and developm ent of the m an­ agem ent services departmental programs, and participates in other activities of the department, which is staffed by the department head, two m anagem ent reference librarians and an administrative assistant. mls from accredited library school required. academ ic background in econom ics or other business-related discipline and advanced degree preferred. business reference or general refer­ ence experience, and training in com puterized literature searching desirable. starting salary range: $ 1 6 ,0 0 0 -$ 1 8 ,0 0 0 , d e pe n d in g upon qualifications. send letter of application and resume and have library school credentials, including transcripts, forwarded to: lance query, personnel librarian, northwestern university library, evan­ ston, il 60201. applications received by novem ber 30,1 9 83 , will be considered. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head librarian and chair skidmore college skidmore college invites applications and nominations for the position of head librarian and chair of the library department. this individual is responsible as head librarian for administering the total oper­ ation of the lucy scribner library, including budget preparation, personnel administration, policy de­ velopment, collection building, public relations, resource sharing, and networking; and as chair of the library department is responsible for the evaluation and developm ent of its professional staff. librari­ ans at skidmore have full faculty rank and status. skidmore college is a private, coeducational, undergraduate liberal arts college located in saratoga springs, n.y. its enrollment is approxim ately 2,100 full-time students. the lucy scribner library contains over 300,000 volumes and employs 8 professionals and 12.5 fte support staff. the library is a m ember of the capital district library council, serving as the area’s major resource library for art and art history; participates in oclc; provides com puterized information retrieval services; and is a designated depository for u.s. governm ent documents. the successful candidate will meet the following minimum requirements; 1) ala-accredited mls; a second graduate degree (preferably a doctorate) highly desirable. 2) 8 years of professional experi­ ence with a minimum of 5 years in a progressively responsible administrative capacity in an academic library. 3) demonstrated experience in both public and technical services areas of the library. 4) strong com m unication skills and demonstrated ability to work effectively and supportively with faculty, staff, students, administration, alumni, and donors. 5) ability to guide and oversee new developm ents in in­ formation technology. 6) evidence of professional and scholarly achievement. the a p p o in tm e n t will be at one of the senior professorial ranks with salary in the range of $35,000-$42,000, depending on qualifications and experience. fringe benefits are competitive. posi­ tion available on or before july 1 ‚ 1984. applications should include current resume including names, telephone numbers, and addresses of all references. applicants should arrange to have 3 references, directed specifically to the candidate’s qualifications for this position, mailed by the referees to the dean of faculty. applications should include a statement stressing the candidate’s perception of the role of the library in undergraduate education. screening of applicants will begin on december 1. initial interviews will be conducted at the ala midwinter meeting, january 1984. appointm ent expected to be made by march 1, 1984. applications and references should be sent to; dean of faculty, skidmore college, saratoga springs, ny 12866. skidmore college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 404 / c& rl news o r ig in a l c a t a l o g e r , spec ia l c o ll e c t io n s m a t e ­ rial. catalogs and classifies m onographs and arranges for cata­ loging of serials located in the special collections division. assigns lc subject headings and classification numbers; verifies coopera­ tive cataloging from oclc; tags and revises oclc input. solves cat­ aloging problems, monitors workflow, and consults with special col­ lectio n s and p rocessing divisio n heads on related activities. provides input on hiring of special collections staff who process ma­ terials. participates in meetings of original catalogers and in devel­ opm ent of processing divisional policies, procedures and plans. qualifications: ala/mls; minimum of 2 years of mls professional cataloging experience, including familiarity with aacr2, oclc, and lc classification and subject headings; supervisory experience pre­ ferred. salary negotiable, minimum $16,500. available immediately. texas a&m university has an enrollment of 36,000 and is located in the bryan-college station com m unity of 90,000 residents, 100 miles from houston and austin. library holdings consist of 1.4 million vol­ umes, 15,347 subscriptions, and 2.2 million microforms. the library staff includes 54 librarians and 141 classified employees. librarians hold faculty status and are expected to meet promotion and tenure requirements of the university. benefits: up to $70/month paid on health, life and disability insurance package; 88% of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement plans including tiaa-cref, tax deferred annuity program available; no state or local income taxes; 10.5-month appointment, faculty rank; 14 state holi­ days. to apply, contact: susan s. lytle, head, personnel opera­ tions, university library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843. an aa/eeo employer. preservation intern. this is a one-year position funded by a grant from the mellon foundation to support research-library preser­ vation programs nationally. four other institutions have also re­ ceived preservation intern grants from the mellon foundation: li­ brary of congress, new york public library, stanford university libraries, and yale university libraries. the intern will report to the preservation department and, after orientation in the preservation department, will be assigned to one or more departmental libraries, which will be chosen in consultation with the library services group. every effort will be made to assign the intern to subject areas of indi­ vidual interest. the primary responsibilities will involve surveying the condition of specific collections, monitoring environmental condi­ tions, assessing current preservation procedures and determining needs in order to design a practical preservation program, and pre­ paring a proposal for the funding of any identified special needs. the intern will have the opportunity to participate in planning sessions, policy discussions, and other library-wide preservation activities. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are knowledge of pres­ ervation practices and demonstrated expertise in executing conser­ vation procedures and techniques, as demonstrated through pre­ vious relevant experience and/or successful completion of a formal program in the conservation of research library materials. a working knowledge of one romance and one germanic language is desir­ able. submit resume, listing 3 references and salary requirements, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. annual salary: $18,500. this is a 12-month position, available on or about january 1 ‚ 1984. deadline for applications is november 30, 1983. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian. applications are invited for the position of assistant librarian in reference at the james p. adams library. twelve month faculty tenure line appointment. requires a masters degree in library science and at least two years of full-time library ex­ perience in reference services with online searching and a biblio­ graphic instruction program. appointm ent at rank of instructor or as­ sistant professor depending on qualifications. applications must be received by 4:30 p.m. on december 16,1983. send letter of applica­ tion with resume and three current letters of reference to office of personnel services, rhode island college, 600 mount pleasant ave­ nue, providence, rl 02908. attention: director of the library. an af­ firmative action, equal opportunity employer. r e fe r e n c e l ib r a r ia n , c o m m u n ic a t io n & l e is u r e studies subject specialist. responsibilities include refer­ ence service; com puter literature searching; orientation and instruc­ tio n ; c o lle c tio n d e v e lo p m e n t; fa c u lty lia is o n . q u a lific a tio n s : ala/mls; demonstrated comm unication skills, degree (preferably graduate) in a behaviorial science relevant to c om m unication, journalism/telecommunication, or leisure studies. preference will also be given to candidates with training and/or experience in refer­ ence, com puter literature searching, library instruction or collection development. salary: from $16,300, dependent on qualifications. statement of qualifications, current resume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent references should be sent by novem ber 3 0,1983, to: constance corey, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe az 85287. asu is a committed equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. r e fe r e n c e l ib r a r ia n , s o c ia l s c ie n c e s . search ex tended. provides comprehensive reference service with emphasis on the social sciences, for a centralized reference collection. pre­ pares bibliographies and guides to the literature for use in staff train­ ing, classroom instruction, and bibliographic instruction. serves as reference division liaison with departm ents in college of education and develops and m aintains c urriculum c ollection. prepares com puter-produced index to the curriculum collection and partici­ pates in provision of automated information retrieval services. quali­ fications: ala/mls; degree in education or minimum 2 years of teaching experience at elementary or secondary school level. sec­ ond masters degree in education-related field or 2 years of pre-mls library experience preferred. must possess effective communication skills, positive public service attitude, and ability to work effectively with others. salary: $15,000. available immediately. texas a&m uni­ versity has an enrollment of 36,000 and is located in the bryan college station com m unity of 90,000 residents, 100 miles from houston and austin. library holdings consist of 1.4 million volumes, 15,347 subscriptions, and 2.2 million microforms. the library staff includes 54 librarians and 141 classified employees. librarians hold faculty status and are expected to meet promotion and tenure re­ quirements of the university. benefits: up to $70/month paid on health, life and disability insurance package; 88% of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement plans including tiaa-cref, tax deferred annuity program available; no state or local income taxes; 10.5-month appointment, faculty rank; 14 state holi­ days. to apply, contact: susan s. lytle, head, personnel opera­ tions, university library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843. an aa/eeo employer. science cataloger. the position reports to the original cata­ loging unit supervisor in the cataloging department. it is responsi­ ble for original cataloging of m onographs in english and either ger­ man or french with emphasis on science materials. cataloging is performed using the oclc system, library of congress classifica­ tion and subject headings, and the aacr2 descriptive cataloging code. requirements: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school or its historical antecedent; reading knowledge of either ger­ man or french; tw o years library cataloging experience using oclc, lc classification and subject headings and aacr2 catalog­ ing code; fifteen semester hours of course credit in a natural or physi­ cal science. preferences: additional academ ic course work or a bachelors degree in a natural or physical science; additional catalog­ ing experience; additional foreign language; science cataloging ex­ perience. this is a 12-month appointm ent with faculty rank and pre­ requisites including tiaa/cref and liberal annual and sick leave benefits. salary range: $18,000-$22,000. a pply by december 1, 1983, to: paul sheldon, chairman, science cataloger search c om ­ mittee, university libraries, university of colorado, boulder, co 80309. telephone: (303) 492-7463. include resume with names of three references, their current titles, addresses and telephone num ­ bers. the university of colorado is an affirmative action, equal op ­ portunity and section 504 employer. science engineering reference librarian (2 positions) the university of arizona is seeking 2 professional librarians to pro­ vide reference, online searching, and bibliographic instruction ser­ vices in its science engineering library. additional responsibilities include collection development, faculty liaison work, and the possi­ bility of coordinating one or more service activities within the science engineering library. a separate branch of the university library, the science engineering library occupies a 5-story building in the cen­ ter of cam pus and houses a collection of 350,000 volumes and over one million microforms, covering all fields of the pure and applied sciences, except clinical medicine. required: ala-accredited de­ gree; either an academ ic background in the sciences, or public ser­ vice experience in an academ ic science library or special library; good com m unication and interpersonal skills. preferred online searching and bibliographic instruction experience. desired: w ork­ ing knowledge of spanish, german, or russian. positions available february 1 ‚ 1984. minimum salary is $16,500; higher salary is nego­ tiable depending on qualifications and experience. librarians at the university of arizona have 12-month appointments, are voting mem ­ bers of the faculty, have 22 days vacation and 12 days sick leave. usual fringe benefits available. application deadline: novem ber 30, 1983. send resume, including list of three references, to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. an equal opportunity, affirmative action, title ix, section 504 employer. science reference librarian, subject specialist for mathe matics, physics and astronomy. responsibilities include reference service; online literature searching; orientation and instruction; col­ lection development; faculty liaison. qualifications: ala/m ls or for­ eign equivalent; strong background in science (academ ic training and/or experience); demonstrated communication skills. preferred: undergraduate or graduate degree in mathematics or physics; ex­ perience in reference and collection development; training in and/or experience with lockheed, brs, sdc. salary: from $16,300, de­ pendent on qualifications. statement of qualification, current re­ sume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three re­ c e n t re fe re n c e s s h o u ld be se n t by n o v e m b e r 30, 1983, to constance corey, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials librarian. responsible for m anagement of collection n ovem ber 1983 / 405 of over 1,300 serial titles. some reference and instruction responsi­ bilities. seeking “ generalist” who is enthusiastic about working with students and faculty at an undergraduate liberal arts college. qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited mls, 2 -3 years relevant experience. pref­ erence given to science or business background. minimum salary: $17,000. send resume with 3 references by d ecem ber 15, to: catherine w. chmura, library director, siena college, loudonville, ny 12211. s o c ia l s c ie n c e /s c ie n c e c a t a l o g l ib r a r ia n (r e­ opened). the university of arizona is seeking a professional librarian responsible for the original cataloging of monographs in selected subject areas including geography, geology, statistics, economics, and technology. ua is a large academ ic research library. require­ ments: an ala-accredited degree; working knowledge of aacr2; experience with lc classification; experience with oclc or a similar utility; at least one foreign language. advanced degree in a science or social science field is desirable. salary range is $16 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 1 ,000. professional librarians have faculty status but 12-month appoint­ ments, earn 22 days of vacation a year, and have a standard pack­ age of holidays and other benefits. send letter of application, resume and the names of three referees by december 1 , 1983, to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. the university is an eeo/aa employer. systems development officer. california institute of tech­ nology is an independent, privately-supported institution which is considered one of the w orld’s major research centers. we are pres­ ently embarking upon a major effort to introduce technology into the managem ent of our library and information retrieval operations and are seeking a systems development officer to direct this project. re­ sponsibilities will include developing plans and specifications for our. com prehensive library automation program, evaluating and recom ­ mending hardware and software, directing the implementation of specific com puter applications, and undertaking or supervising spe­ cial studies or research related to library automation and information retrieval. the qualified applicant must possess a masters degree in library or information science or an appropriate advanced degree. must demonstrate knowledge, experience and achievement in li­ brary systems developm ent and possess skills in planning, written and oral com munications and interpersonal relations. at least 3 -5 years experience in an academ ic or research library is required. we offer a salary commensurate with experience, with a minimum of $40,000. for consideration, please send a letter of application with resume and at least three references, to: glenn l. brudvig, director of information resources, millikan library, california institute of technology, pasadena, ca 91125, we are an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. late job listings serials conversion, project librarian. librarian i. (temporary position) responsible for technical processing required for creation of machine readable records for serial titles held in msu libraries. involves problem solving, some recataloging, and creation of local data records. will train and supervise clerical and student staff. required: mls degree; working knowledge of one or more european languages; broad academic background. preferred: serial cataloging experience; knowledge of oclc system. expectation that project will be funded for two years. salary: $16,000-$21,000 depending on experience. resume plus 3 references by november 30, 1983, to: carolyn j. mcmillen, assistant director for technical services, michigan state university libraries, east lansing, mi 48824-1048. msu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. director of libraries. loyola university invites nominations and resumes for the position of director of libraries. loyola has 4 campuses and a diverse educational program in 10 colleges and schools, including both day and evening divisions; student enrollment of 16,000 and faculty of 1398. each campus has a library. the total collection is 820,000 volumes. responsibilities include budget preparation, administration and collection development. reports to the senior vice president and dean of faculties. in addition to appropriate educational background, candidates should have administrative experience in academic libraries, evidence of continuing professional development, and good interpersonal skills. detailed job description and qualification requirements available upon request. salary: $40,000-$50,000. contact: francis doyle, loyola university law school, 1 e. pearson st., chicago, il 60611 by december 15th. loyola university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and invites and encourages application from women and minorities. data processing librarian. will participate in the development of an automated library information system and maintain the efficient operation of all ongoing automation projects. desirable qualifications are: working experience in assembler language, pli and cobol; knowledge of interactive applications and text processing applications. must have mls from an ala-accredited library school or graduate degree in a computer science, mathematics, linguistics, philosophy or other information science related discipline. minimum salary: $17,064. send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references, to: virginia f. toliver, director of library planning, budget and personnel, washington university libraries, st. louis, mo 63130, by december 15, 1983. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 406 / c &r l ne •4»tµ ws v . university archivist. responsible for the archival records and services of the state university of new york at albany. acquires, arranges, describes, preserves, and provides access to the records and papers pertaining to the institutional history and the university community. promotes use of the collections through programs of instruction and research. coordinates the sunya records management program: advises campus administrators concerning the creation, maintenance and disposition of records and papers and meeting the requirement of laws and regulations in the maintenance and disposition of official records. reports to the head of the special collections department. participates in all work of the department and provides reference services as needed. library faculty at sunya are expected to fulfill faculty obligations in the areas of contributions to the advancement of the profession and university services as well as specific library assignments. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. one to two years archival experience. candidate with ph.d in subject area may receive preference and if qualified be asked to teach. ability to communicate effectively with faculty, staff, students, and alumni. salary and rank commensurate with education and experience: salary from $18,000, depending on qualifications. send letter of application, current resume, and names of three references, to: kevin mccarthy, library personnel officer, state university of new york at albany, 1400 washington avenue, albany, ny 12222. inquiries should be received by november 30, 1983. state university of new york at albany is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. applications from women, minorities, and handicapped are especially welcome. assistant librarian, cataloging. responsible for all cataloging and processing and for card catalog supervision. shares reference work, nights and weekend duties. requires mls from ala-accredited school and at least two years experience, preferably in a college library. must be familiar with oclc, aacr2, and lc classification. starting salary, $12,361-$15,500 plus liberal benefits. available january, 1984. send application, resume and names of at least three references by november 30, to: mary l. bucher, chairperson, library search committee, southworth library, suny agricultural & technical college, canton, ny 13617. aa/eoe. director of libraries. hope college invites nominations and applications for the position of director of libraries. hope college is a liberal arts college affiliated with the reformed church in america and is located in holland, michigan, 130 miles from chicago. the libraries contain about 200,000 volumes; are staffed by 15 persons, 4 professionals; and have an annual budget in excess of $600,000. the libraries are committed to interlibrary cooperation and are active in oclc, mlc, and regional networking. a major building program is in the early stages of planning. the director is responsible for overall planning, policy making, and coordinating of all library activities including budgeting, personnel, and collection development. salary: $30,000 + . requirements: mls from an ala-accredited institution and an advanced degree (ph.d preferred) in another discipline; demonstrated skill in creative development and management of resources and in application of current library technology. it is desirable to have experience with reference service and bibliographic instruction. the ability to work effectively with students, faculty, and staff is essential. consideration of applicants will begin on december 5, 1983. submit letter of application and interest, curriculum vitae, and three letters of reference, to: provost david marker, hope college, holland, mi 49423; (616) 392-5111, ext. 2010. an equal opportunity employer. h arvard u n iversity d istew!nrib u tab le union catalog 1 9 8 3 and co n tin u atio n com prehensive bibliographic records from the entire harvard university library system —over 50 individual libraries—recu m u lated every six months. • author title catalog over 1.5 million entries including full cataloging entries, short entries for books on ord er and cross references. • subject catalog 3/4 million entries, based on library of congress subject headings. • medical subject file t w o editions per year; published february and august. 626 diazo negative com fiche, 4 8 x … $480 p er edition* * 5 % discount on sta n d in g orders. b ritis h b io g rap h ic al a rch ive 1 7 t h 1 9 t h c enturies compiled and edited by paul sieveking o ver 300 biographical references w o rk s spanning 3 centuries have been used to com pile this m icrofiche archive w h ich will co ntain 4 5 0 ,0 0 0 e n tr ie s p e r t a i n i n g to 2 4 0 ,0 0 0 in d iv id u a ls —s ta te s m e n , s c ie n tis ts , soldiers, clerics, criminals, lawyers, artists, poets, musicians, actors and nu m ero u s o th e r m en and w o m e n o f local, national, and in ternational im p o rta n c e —cum ulated into a single alphabetical sequence. publication 1984-1985 in installm ents. 24x. diazo negative fiche . . . $ 5 9 8 0 * silver negative fiche . . . $ 6 5 8 0 * • p aym ent on receipt o f fi r s t installment. prices are tentative. for other p a y m e n t p la n s ‚ please inquire. f or m o re in fo r m a tio n a b o u t these a n d o th er n ew s a u r titles, p le a se c o n ta c t the n ew a m e r ic a n office. a ll m ic r o fo r m titles p u b lis h e d b y k. g. s a u r verlag, m u n ic h ca n n o w be o rd ered d ire c tly f r o m n ew york. k.g. s au r inc. 1 7 5 f ifth avenue n.y., n.y. 1 0 0 1 0 no more searching through dozens of sources! encyclopedia of medical organizations and agencies gives current data on more than: 2,500 national and international associations 1,250 state associations • 1,500 federal and state agencies 2,000 medical and allied health schools 225 foundations • 1,400 research centers • 200 data bases first edition. edited by anthony t. kruzas. 7 8 0 pages. 10,00g entries. subject cross index. name index. published by gale, 1983. $ 1 2 5 .0 0 . available at gale’s 5°/o standing order discount. this new all-in-one source book eliminates much tedious research by providing, in one volume, c u rre n t information on 1 0 ,0 0 0 medical organizations and agencies. entries are arranged in 7 8 clearly defined chapters, each dealing with one major area of the vast universe of health and medicine. topics covered include aging, alternative medicine, biomedical engineering, child abuse, chiropractic, dentistry, dermatology, epidemiology, health s ta tis tic s , law and medicine, nursing, optometry, pathology, public health, radiology, sexuality, sports medicine, surgery, transplantation, and much more. each entry gives, when appropriate: name, address, telephone number, c o n ta ct person … description of purposes and goals … research, information, and educational activities … services offered and publications issued … areas of special interest. all gale books are sent on 60-day approval. deduct 5°/o if you send check with order. c ustom ers outside the u.s. and canada add 10°/o. gale research co. book tower • detroit, m l 48226 to order by phone: 800-521-0707 tollfree. in canada, michigan, alaska, and hawaii: 3 1 3 9 6 1 2 2 4 2 . acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 215 classified advertising deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month pre­ ceding publication of the issue. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the ninth of the month (by telephone only). contact: riley tate, administrative secretary, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. rates: classified advertisements are $2.25 per line for acrl members, $2.80 for others. late job notices are $7.00 per line for members, $8.50 per line for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be comfirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. guidelines: advertisers placing job announcem ents m ust list closing dates for application no sooner than the last day of the month in which the notice appears. all job announcements must in clu de a salary range. job announcem ents w ill be edited to exclude discrim inatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institu­ tions. available soft-core pornography collection. eastern new mexico university has a small collection of soft-core pornography available for trade or purchase. the collection consists of approximately 900 paperbacks and 4 0 magazine issues, published between 1948 and 1970. fabian novels, nightstand books, and midnight readers are included. a list is available upon request. if interested, write to special collections, golden library, eastern new-mexico university, portales, new mexico 88130. for sale marv broadbent, box 6, beltsville, md 20705. government publications. standing, subscription, single, or search orders. no. prepayment. no foreign surcharge. (301) 937-8846 china-japan. major private quality collection— reasonable. all topics. write m. frazin, box 110, farmington, ct 06032. inquiries invited. contemporary china. serials fbis p.r. o f china and asia and p acific 1 9 6 8 -7 9 . reasonable. write m. frazin, box 110, far­ mington, ct 06032. inquiries invited. foreign microforms. any foreign microform from anywhere in the world at the foreign list price. free searching. monographs and serials. imds, 1995 broadway, ny, ny 10023, (212) 873-2100. search service. ex-librarians locate titles or subject, plus 1 50 ,0 0 0 indexed stock. pab 2 91 7 a tla n tic, a tla n tic city, nj 08401. phone 609/344-1943. positions open assistant acquisitions librarian. temporary position for period of september 1980 through june 1981. ala-accredited mls. closing: august 15, 1980. salary $ 1 1 ,0 0 0-$1 2,0 00 (fiscal year). send résumé, undergraduate and graduate transcripts, and three letters of reference to: don craig, university librarian, middle tennessee state university, murfreesboro, tn 37132. mtsu is an equ al o p p o rtu n ity /a ffirm a tiv e a c tio n e m p lo ye r. women and minorities are encouraged to identify themselves for the university’s affirmative action statistical reports. assistant director for health science. the university of minnesota, duluth, library & learning resources service is seeking an assistant director to head the health science reference and collection development division. performs and oversees reference services, medline and other data base searches, collection de­ velopment through exchanges and grant-seeking, interlibrary loan and consortium activities and representation. ala-accredited de­ gree with courses in medical librarianship plus three years of pro­ fessional experience. twelve-month academic staff appointment. salary $ 18 ,0 0 0 plus adm inistrative augmentation. résumé and three references by 1 august, 1980, to library director, university o f m innesota, d u lu th , m innesota 5 5 8 1 2 . equal o pp o rtu n ity / affirmative action employer. assistant to the director of libraries for person­ nel. administers the personnel program of the libraries in ac­ cordance with the university policies for a staff of 246 plus 400 student assistants. assists in the development and interpretation of library policies and procedures. recruits applicants for librarian po­ sitions; supervises staff of the personnel office in the hiring of sup­ port staff and student assistants; maintains required personnel rec­ ords and files; coordinates staff developm ent and training pro­ grams. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree; ability to plan and adm inister personnel services in a large library system; knowl­ edge of the principles of personnel administration; empathetic to the diverse needs of staff in a large academic library and able to work cooperatively w ith officials at all levels in the university. minim um salary: $21,000 per year. submit résumé and names of three references by july 31, 1980 to maureen s. schechter, per­ sonnel librarian, university of maryland libraries, college park, maryland 20742. associate director for technical services. the univer­ sity of michigan. under the general direction of the director, uni­ versity library, is responsible for the administration, planning, and policy direction of technical services of the university library with its major functional units of acquisitions, cataloging, serials, auto­ mated bibliographic catalog control and maintenance, and area programs. the university of michigan is a member of the research libraries group and is in the process of implementing rlin biblio­ graphic system. significant participation in overall library planning and policymaking also expected. salary: $ 4 0 ,0 0 0 + . qualifications: mls; progressively responsible experience in library management w ith emphasis on te ch n ical services operations w ith in a large academic library; demonstrated leadership ability with strong em­ phasis on interpersonal skills; demonstrated ability in both oral and written communication; background in automated systems as they pertain to technical services is important. write: lynn marko, assis­ tant for personnel and staff development, the university of michi­ gan library, 8 18 hatcher library, ann arbor, ml 48109. the uni­ versity of michigan is a nondiscriminatory, affirmative action em­ ployer. associate director, health sciences library. the health sciences library at east carolina university is seeking a dynamic individual to serve as associate director. the health sci­ ences library serves a rapidly expanding school of medicine as well as a school of allied health and a school of nursing. the as­ sociate director has primary responsibility for supervising the dayassistant librarian — serials cataloger u niversity of florida catalogs serials originally or with copy in all sub­ jects and languages. upgrade serial records in oclc data base with conser authorization. requires ala-accredited mls; cataloging experience with oclc in a research library desirable; reading knowl­ edge of one modern european language. salary: $ 10 ,5 0 0 -$ 1 7 ,0 0 0 with florida state retirement, social security, blue cross/blue shield group plan, 22 days vacation, faculty status. please send com­ plete resumes with names of three references and salary requirements by august 1, 1980 to: mr. robert l. willits assistant director, personnel relations second floor hub university of florida gainesville, florida 32611 the university o f florida com plies with section 5 0 3 o f the r ehabilitation a ct o f 1 9 7 3 and section 4 0 2 o f the vietnam era veterans readjustment a ct o f 1 97 4. equal employment opportunity/affirmative action employer 216 to-day operation of the library, assisting the director in budget for­ mulation and control, participating in the development and mainte­ nance of the library's long-range plan, and directing the selection, training, and evaluation of support staff. qualifications: master’s de­ gree in library science from an ala-accredited program and an earned doctorate; at least two years of experience in health sci­ ences librarianship and at least two years of administrative experi­ ence; a record of scholarly/intellectual/creative activities; and the ability to work harmoniously and to communicate effectively with others. salary range: $26,000-$30,000. position available septem­ ber 1, 1980. application, résumé, references (2), and transcripts must be received by july 30, 1980. contact: jo ann bell, ph.d., director, health sciences library, east carolina university, green­ ville, nc 27834. east carolina university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. av/reference librarian. responsible to coordinator of li­ brary av services for providing reference services in all media, print and nonprint. master’s degree from ala-accredited school. formal courses in nonprint equipment or experience with equip­ ment is necessary. salary: minim um of $12,000. position available on or before september 1. excellent fringe benefits. send résumé, three references, and salary requirements to sister franz lang, o.p., barry college library, miami, florida 33161. an equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. cataloger. central technical services catalog division, univer­ sity of minnesota, minneapolis. this cataloging position is one of 17 professional positions in the catalog division. this is a staff position and reports through the head of the monographic coordinate to the head of the catalog division. responsibilities include descrip­ tive and subject cataloging of monographs; original and lc catalog­ ing of a substantial amount of chinese titles, some japanese titles, and english and western european languages as appropriate to language qualifications; editing of data base records; revising lc copy cataloging; and, general divisional duties such as advising on local cataloging policy, catalog maintenance, and some supervision of paraprofessional and clerical staff. qualifications include an ac­ credited mls degree or its equivalent in training and experience; cataloging experience using lc classification and subject headings and aacr, preferably in an academic or research library; ability to read and write chinese with ease; working knowledge of japanese desirable; good communication skills in english; and, fam iliarity with data base form ats and ddc desirable. the position is a professional/academic one with all perquisites of academic staff personnel. minim um starting salary for the position is $18,192 for twelve months. the position is available immediately. closing date for receipt of application is august 15, 1980. the university of minnesota is committed to a policy that all employees shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, creed, color, sex, national origin, or handicap. send all applications with detailed résumé and names of three references to clarence carter, personnel officer, 499 wilson library, university of minnesota, minneapolis, mn 55455. cataloger. to perform original cataloging of monographs, se­ rials, and nonprint materials with major responsibility for oclc cataloging, catalog maintenance, and the supervision of 5.5 fte clerical assistants. qualifications: m.l.s.; familiarity with french or spanish desirable. two years’ oclc cataloging as a professional li­ b ra ria n ; su p e rviso ry and o rg a n iz a tio n a l c a p a b ilitie s . salary: $ 1 3 ,50 0-$ 15,500, tiaa/cref and usual fringe benefits; 12-month trustee appointment. closing date: august 1, 1980. send résumé and names of three references to willis e. bridegam, librarian, amherst college library, amherst, ma 01002. aa/eoe, m/f/h. cataloger/reference librarian. responsible to head of technical services for cataloging of print and nonprint materials. assist with general reference services. master’s degree from ala accredited school. knowledge of lc classification, aacr 2, and oclc necessary. salary: minim um of $11,500. position available on or before september 1. excellent fringe benefits. send résumé, three references, and salary requirements to sister franz lang, o.p., barry college library, miami, florida 33161. an equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. college librarian. mls required plus 5 years' experience at supervisory level. salary $14,000/year. send résumé to academic dean, sherman college of straight chiropractic, spartanburg, sc 29304 by july 30, 1980. equal opportunity/affirmative action em­ ployer. director of library. senior-level college and graduate school for international training. responsible for management of small but rapidly growing specialized library, and for all technical services. staff includes experienced public services/reference librarian and work-study student assistants. qualifications should include ala accredited mls and experience demonstrating successful supervi­ sory responsibility, ability to develop budgets and maintain financial control, and ability to work with staff and with students from many countries. desirable: familiarity with one or more foreign languages and with international education; commitm ent to experiential edu­ 217 cation; g rant-w riting experience. r ecruitm ent range $ 1 5 ,0 0 0 to $18,000. position available september 1. aa/eeo employer. send résumé and references to personnel director, school for interna­ tional training, brattleboro, vermont 05301, by july 31. director of library technical services. under the gen­ eral direction of the dean of library services, responsible for the overall administration, planning, and coordination of technical ser­ vices, which consists of the acquisitions and catalog departments and the operations unit, has 10 professional and 23 full-tim e sup­ port staff members, and a materials budget of nearly $600,000. ala-accredited mls required. six years progressively responsible professional experience in medium-to-large academic or research library required, with 3 years as head of acquisitions or cataloging desirable, as well as experience in p u b lic services. thorough knowledge of cataloging and acquisitions procedures, demonstrated leadership ability w ith strong em phasis on interpersonal skills, demonstrated ability in both oral and written communication re­ quired. experience with oclc and automated library systems de­ sirable. m inim um salary $23,000. generous fringe benefits. an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. send letter of appli­ cation with résumé and names and telephone numbers of 3 refer­ ences to sally gale, chairperson, search committee, cunningham memorial library, indiana state university, terre haute, in 47809. application must be postmarked on or before july 28, 1980, to in­ sure consideration. head college librarian. julia rogers library of goucher col­ lege. library has 212 ,00 0 volumes, currently receives over 8 00 pe­ riodicals, and is a u.s. government depository. thirteen fte staff members, 4.5 professionals, including head librarian, over 30 stu­ d ent assistants. librarian directs all activities and ensures the smooth functioning of the library. responsibilities include managing the library resources, including audiovisual services; developing budgets and maintaining financial control; selecting, supervising, and evaluating library personnel; supervising the selection of ap­ propriate library materials; maintaining liaison with faculty, students, and administrative staff. applicants should be sympathetic to the programs and goals of a liberal arts college for women. qualifica­ tions: msl/mla degree from ala-accredited school; experience in both technical and public service aspects of college libraries with demonstrated successful administrative experience and responsibil­ ity; knowledge of national trends in planning, automation, networks and resource sharing. the librarian reports to the academic dean of the college, holds faculty status, is a member of the faculty and college assembly. tiaa-cref, health insurance. salary competitive and negotiable. minim um $22,000. appointment to begin february 1, 1981. apply by september 10 to dean james billet, goucher college, towson, maryland 21204. an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. head of bibliographic services division. has overall re­ sponsibility for bibliographic searching, oclc operations and origi­ nal cataloging, serials cataloging, catalog maintenance, and plan­ ning for additional catalog automation. the division is comprised of 3 professionals, 5 full-tim e support staff, and student assistants. further duties in clu de participation in budget preparation and cam pus and university-system library planning. requirements: mls; minim um 5 years' professional experience in an academic or research library, including significant cataloging and administrative experience: knowledge of oclc and/or other automated cataloging systems, lc classification, and aacr 2. second subject master’s and facility in one or more foreign languages desirable. minim um salary: $17,500. twelve-month contract with 24 days' vacation and usual fringe benefits. position available september 1, 1980. submit résumé and names of 3 references by july 31, 1980 to: virginia workman, university of missouri-st. louis libraries, 8001 natural bridge road, st. louis, mo 63121. an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. head, preservation. responsible for continued development and coordination of the libraries' preservation program with bibliog­ raphers and department librarians. initiate, plan, advise on, and help im plement policies, standards, systems and procedures relat­ ing to the preservation of library materials; administer binding, ma­ terials processing, reprography and preservation records units. professional and supervisory staff of 5; supporting staff o f 17. ala-accredited mls required. other requirements are adm inistra­ tive ability and ability to develop, organize and im plem ent pro­ grams, standards and services, as demonstrated through previous relevant experience; familiarity with technical processing in a large academic or research library, including preservation and reprog­ raphy work. librarian ii: $ 18 ,500-$22,200; librarian iii: $ 2 0 ,5 0 0 $27,700. submit résumé listing 3 references and salary require­ ments by july 31 to: box 35, butler library, columbia university, 5 3 5 west 1 14 th stree t, new york, ny 1 0 0 2 7 . an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. librarian. sydney university (australia). applications are invited for the position of librarian of the university of sydney, following the appointm ent of the university librarian (m r. h. bryan) as director-general of the national library of australia. the university librarian is responsible for the administration of the central (fisher) russian and slavic cataloger university of florida catalog monographs in cyrillic and eastern euro­ pean languages originally or with copy. some catalog­ ing in english and other languages in either the hu­ manities or social sciences. requires ala-accredited mls; minimum of three years experience (for appoint­ ment at assistant level) to five years (for appointment at associate level) in a research library; experience with oclc and lc classification; reading knowledge of rus­ sian and preferably one other eastern european slavic language. position available september 1, 1980. sal­ ary: at the assistant level to $ 1 7,0 00 or associate level to $ 2 0 ,5 0 0 depending upon experience with excellent fringe benefits, including florida state retirement, social security, blue cross/blue shield group plan, 22 days vacation, faculty status. send complete re­ sume with names of five references and salary require­ ments by august 29, 1980 to: mr. robert l. willits assistant director, personnel relations second floor hub university of florida gainesville, florida 32611 the university o f florida com plies w ith section 5 0 3 o f the rehabilitation a ct o f 1 9 7 3 and section 4 0 2 o f the vietnam era veterans readjustment a ct o f 1 97 4. equal employment opportunity/ affirmative action employer 218 library and the 16 branch libraries. further particulars may be ob­ tained from the registrar, university of sydney, n.s.w. 2006, to whom applications in writing, including the names of three refer­ ences, should be forwarded no later than 31 july, 1980. librarian, applied life studies. a permanent position, open october 1, 1980. responsible, under the direction of the di­ rector of public services, for the administration and operation of the applied life studies library. this individual works closely with the students and faculty of the college of applied life studies and department of dance in collection development and the develop­ ment and provision of reference, research, and instructional ser­ vices. selects, trains, and supervises student and clerical staff. the library houses approximately 18,500 books, 200 periodical titles, 300 other serials, vertical files, microforms, and other library mate­ rials in its reading collections in the fields of health, physical educa­ tion, safety, recreation, rehabilitation, sports medicine, and dance. research collections in these areas are located in the central bookstacks. the applied life studies library is one of 3 5 de­ partmental libraries within the public services department of the university of illinois library. master’s degree in library science or its equivalent required. minim um of three years' successful profes­ sional public service experience in an academic, research, or spe­ cial library required, with preference given to background or ex­ perience in recreation, dance, physical education, or heatlh. ser­ vice orientation, understanding of research library activities and procedures and demonstrated administrative ability required. evi­ dence of research orientation and the ability to engage in scholarly activity required. librarians have faculty rank. minim um assistant professor rank with salary ranging from $15,000-upward depend­ ing on qualifications and scholarly credentials. librarians must meet general university requirements for promotion and tenure (re­ search, publication, and university/community/professional service) in addition to perform ing specific library assignment. send com­ plete résumé with names and addresses of 5 references to thomas m. gaughan, acting personnel librarian, university of illinois li­ brary at urbana-champaign, 415 library, urbana, il 61801. phone (2 17) 333-8 16 9 . for m axim um consideration, applications and nominations should be received no later than august 15, 1980. the university of illinois is an affirmative action/fiqual opportunity employer. librarian/instructor: education subject specialist. duties: responsible for coordination and participation in on-going bibliographic instruction program with the college of education; work with faculty in providing s.d.i., current awareness, and auto­ mated information retrieval services in education data bases; as­ sumes responsibility in collection development via standard selec­ tion procedures and in evaluation and monitoring the approval plan profile in education; information/reference desk responsibilities, including some evenings and weekends. qualifications: ph.d. in education and mls from ala-accredited school preferred. subject m.a. and mls will be considered. academic library experience and teaching skills important. faculty status; 12-month contract; salary $16,000 range. position available july 1, 1980. before july 30th send résumé and names of references to kathleen voigt, search committee secretary, carlson library, the university of toledo, 2801 w. bancroft street, toledo, ohio 43606. the university of to­ ledo is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference lib r a r ia n /c o m pu ter assisted b ib l io ­ graphic services coordinator. i. d. weeks library, univer­ sity of south dakota, 12-month, faculty rank, tenure-track position. position available september 1, 1980. duties include: general ref­ erence service including some evening and weekend work, coordi­ nation of on-line bibliographic search services and interlibrary loan. participation in bibliographic instruction and orientation program. ala-accredited mls m inim um qualification, 2nd master’s p re­ ferred. 1 -2 years’ experience in reference and computer-assisted bibliographic searching required with knowledge and experience in oclc interlibrary loan subsystem desirable. experience in biblio­ graphic instruction helpful. salary $15,000 minim um. send appli­ cation, résumé, and 3 current references to bob carmack, dean, library services, i. d. weeks library, university of south dakota, vermillion, sd 57069. closing date august 15, 1980. an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. reference services coordinator. coordinates the de velopment and im plementation of reference services policies and procedures tor the public services division, including the main li­ brary and six branch libraries. administers the reference units in the main library including reference, government/documents, interlibrary loan— outgoing, and periodicals/microforms. super­ vises a staff o f 2 6 fte, in clu din g 14 librarians. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree, five years of appropriate and pro­ gressively responsible experience in an academic library, at least two of which have been in a supervisory position. experience in academ ic library reference services essential. m inim um salary: $24,000 per year. submit résumé and names of three references by july 31, 1980, to maureen s. schechter, personnel librarian, university of maryland libraries, college park, maryland 20742. serials librarian. university of cincinnati. responsible to the head, acquisitions department, for the acquisition of all serial ma­ terial for the central library and 8 college and departmental librar­ ies. includes searching, invoice approval, check-in, claims, and re­ placements. serials budget approximately $450,000 and increas­ ing, including standing orders. plans and implements a program for quality control of serial records involving revising records for consis­ tency, clarity, and resolving problems. supervises up to 7 full-tim e staff and a department of 17 staff members and a varying number of student assistants. ala-accredited mls or equivalent. minim um of three years’ professional experience with emphasis on serials. supervisory expe rie n ce re q u ire d . reading know ledge of one modern european language, preferably german or french. knowl­ edge of oclc and/or automated techniques desirable. minim um salary $14,200. send résumé and names and addresses of three professional references to: chairperson, serials librarian search committee, room 640 central library, university of cincinnati, cincinnati, oh 45221, no later than september 1, 1980. we are an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. sociology/anthropology/geography librarian. north­ ern illinois university is seeking a qua lifie d sociology/anthro pology/geography librarian. mls from an accredited library school and two years' professional experience required. second master’s degree or substantial graduate work expected, preferably in sociol­ ogy or anthropology. completion of 30 hours beyond the mls re­ quired for tenure. experience in collection development, biblio­ graphic instruction, reference service preferred. duties include: ref­ erence service, bibliographic instruction, and collection develop­ ment in sociology/anthropology/geography/library science section of a subject divisional library and supervision of a large branch map library. m im inum salary: $16 ,08 0 for a twelve-month contract. benefits include illinois retirement system benefits, one month va­ cation, and academic status. apply by october 1, 1980. send ré­ sumé, transcripts, placement file and 3 current letters of recom­ mendation to george nenonen, personnel director, university li­ braries, northern illinois university, dekalb, il 60115. northern il­ linois university is an equal opportunity/affirmative action em­ ployer. staff development librarian. primary responsibility for planning, implementing, and, when appropriate, conducting train­ ing and staff development programs for all categories of staff. pro­ grams will be directed at both organizational and staff needs with initial emphasis on both supervisory and library skills training. initial priorities to be addressed include interviewing techniques, effective communications, perform ance appraisal, labor relations, time man­ agement, and the troublesome patron. incumbent will assist the assistant university librarian for personnel in various aspects of the libraries’ personnel program, including recruitment of profes­ sional staff and development and maintenance of publications and manuals. in addition to an mls from an accredited library school, requirements are a minim um of 3 years’ relevant experience in a large academic or research library, a knowledge of management theory and practice, and effective writing and speaking skills. ex­ perience with audiovisual and other teaching techniques desirable. previous relevant supervisory experience may substitute for formal training experience; however, preference will be given to those with relevant background in staff development. evidence of imagination and leadership will be sought in all cases. salary range: librarian ii: $18,500-$22,200; librarian iii: $20,50d-$27,700. please submit résumé listing 3 references and salary requirements to: box 35, butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications september 30, 1980. an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. late job listings head, circulation services. responsible for managing the circulation unit in the main library. supervises staff of 18. qualifications: ala accred­ ited mls, minimum three years' professional experience, one of which must have been in circulation services; demonstrated supervisory ability, and effective communications skills. minimum salary $17,000. send resume and names of three references by july 31 to maureen s. schechter, personnel li­ brarian, university of maryland libraries, college park, md 20742. librarian—cataloger. directs cataloging and related activities, including reclassification, catalog maintenance, and the planning for implementation of aacr 2. supervises work of three support staff plus ceta participants. mls from ala—accredited library school required. background should include lc cataloging, supervisory and oclc experience. two years' professional li­ brary experience with lc cataloging, and competency in at least one foreign language desirable. salary $11,000 $13,000. faculty status, 12-month appointment, tiaa/cref, and usual benefits. send resume and names of three references by july 31, 1980 to paul w. crumlish, librarian, warren hunting smith library, hobart and william smith colleges, geneva, ny 14456. government publications librarian. participates in collection development, processing, reference, outreach, and administrative activities of the gov­ ernment publications department. has primary responsibility for selection and processing of state and local documents. assists in processing u.s. documents. staff consists of three librarians, two support staff and stu­ dent assistants. collection includes federal, state and local, and inter­ national documents. mls from accredited library school and two years' aca­ demic library experience, including general reference or government publi­ cations, required. academic background and advanced degree in the social sciences preferred. must demonstrate evidence of initiative, strong inter­ est in government publications, and ability to work effectively with col­ leagues, students, and faculty. must have ability to communicate well in writing and orally. salary $13,500 $14,500, depending on qualifications. available immediately. applications received by july 31, 1980 will be con­ sidered. send letter of application and resume, and have library school credentials, including transcripts, forwarded to virginia freyre, personnel office, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60201. an equal op portunity/affirmative action employer. director, public services. responsible for the administration, planning, development, and evaluation of public services. formulates goals; prepares narrative and statistical reports; participates in overall library planning and policy making. coordinates public services activities with other li­ brary departments, external libraries, and the research libraries group. oversees staff of 19 full-time professional librarians, 55 support staff members, and 130 part-time employees. qualifications: accredited mls with second master's degree required for promotion beyond the rank of library associate (eqv. to instructor). substantial experience in the library field with at least 3 years at administrative level. proven and progressive rec­ ord of successful experience in library management with emphasis on public services operation within a large academic or research library; demonstrated leadership ability with strong interpersonal and communication skills; fa­ miliarity with library computer applications, particularly as they pertain to public services; ability to organize and supervise the work of a large staff of professionals with faculty status and support personnel. minimum salary $25,000. tenure-track appointment, tiaa/cref retirement plan, group iifc insurance, five weeks' annual vacation, and full tuition remission. apply by july 31 to carlton c. rochell, dean of libraries, new york univer­ sity, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012, an equal opportun­ ity/affirmative action employer. reference librarians. open 1 august, 1980. participates in broad program of reference service including desk coverage, bibliographic instruction, data base searching, and collection development. duties as supervisor of interlibrary loan. graduate library degree from ala accredited school plus second master's or doctorate. three years' experience in academic library service. $14,000 $16,000. second position as above except is responsible for federal documents instead of interlibrary loan. graduate library de­ gree from ala accredited school. second master's desirable. $12,500 $13,000. send resume before 31 july to george m. jenks, university librar­ ian, bucknell university, lewisburg, pa 17837. head copy catalog librarian. requirements: mls from an accredited library school; reading knowledge of one foreign language (germanic or romance) re­ quired and a working knowledge of a slavic language desirable; thorough knowledge of anglo-american cataloging codes, lc classification system, and lc subject headings; three to five years' experience, including at least two years in academic libraries in the methods and techniques of monographic cataloging with some relevant administrative/supervisory experience; exper­ ience with automated cataloging systems. head serials/microforms librarian. requirements: mls from an accredited library school; management or business courses or equivalent; reading knowledge of one foreign language (germanic or romance) required and a working knowledge of a slavic language desirable; three to five years' professional experience, two years of which should be in an academic library in cataloging and/or technical services, with some administrative/supervisory responsiblity; experience with automated biblio­ graphical control systems; familiarity with micropublishing and microform technology. hiring range for both positions: $19,400 $24,300. benefits include twelve-month contract, one-month vacation, tiaa-cref. interested candidates should send letter of application, resume, and names of three references by august 1, 1980 to gloria e. hagberg, assistant to the univer­ sity librarian, brown university library, providence, rhode island 02912. an equal opportunity and affirmative action employer. assistant director, public services. manages and coordinates the activities of circulation, reference, inter-library lending, audio-visual, government documents, and fine arts branch. qualifications include mls from ala ac­ credited library school and at least five years of progressively higher levels of administrative responsibility including experience in public ser­ vices in a medium or large academic library especially in reference and cir­ culation. duties include working with library staff, students, and faculty toward providing, promoting, and improving library services. minimum salary $20,000 (12 months). tiaa/cref, and many other fringe benefits. position opens july 1, 1980. send application and resume to: royal v. pope, direc­ tor of libraries, university of arkansas, fayetteville, arkansas 72701. an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer; welcomes applications from all qualified individuals. reference/cataloging librarian. chapman college. available september 1, 1980. a nine month faculty position with probable two month summer con­ tract. appointment will be made at the instructor or assistant professor rank, depending on experience. salary $12,600 $14,400 for nine months. responsibilities: teaching classes in library research, reference services, cataloging, and liaison with faculty colleagues in assigned subject areas including collection development and bibliographic services. qualifica­ tions: mls degree and a minimum of two years' academic library experience, cataloging, reference, and/or teaching experience required. send letter of application, resume, and the names and addresses of three references by august 8, 1980 to janice h. shawl, chapman college library, 333 n. glassell st., orange, ca 92666. head, fine arts library. administers fine arts library of 65,000+ volumes. responsible for supervision of staff (1 support staff and student assis­ tants) ; reference service; bibliographic instruction; collection develop­ ment; responding to research queries. active participation in developments in the field, including participation in such groups as the art libraries society of north america. faculty are expected to meet university promotion and tenure requirements for research, service, and publication. available october 1980. $19,920 $22,080. required: mls from ala accredited pro­ gram. five or more years of relevant professional experience in a research library for the fine arts; demonstrated knowledge of the literature of the arts; reading knowledge of german and at least one other western european language (preferably french and/or italian). desirable: advanced degree in art history. apply by august 15, 1980 to personnel librarian, ohio state university libraries, 1858 neil avenue mall, columbus, oh 43210. in­ clude resume with names and addresses of at least 3 references. an aa/eeo employer. qualified women, minority and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. chief, general reference department. stanford university libraries. over­ sees general reference function for graduate faculties and students in hu­ manities and social sciences. responsible for current periodicals, micro­ texts and newspapers, interlibrary services, information desk, and central map collection. mls or equivalent. 6-8 years' applicable reference exper­ ience, demonstrated supervisory and administrative competence, ability to work well with others and communicate clearly in oral and written forms, ability to establish and implement service programs required. large re­ search library experience including development of bibliographic instruc­ tion, library publication programs, and extensive interaction with faculty will weigh heavily in favor of applicant. salary $26,000 $29,000. apply by july 30, 1980 to caroline henderson, library personnel officer, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305. eoe. assistant reference librarian. engineering library, stanford university li­ braries. provides specialized reference service, bibliographic instruction and computerized literature searching in the field of engineering. mls or equivalent, bs in science or engineering, or equivalent in experience. ex­ perience in reference, collection development, data base searching desir­ able. salary $15,600 $21,000. apply by july 30, 1980 to caroline hender­ son, library personnel officer, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305. eoe. chief librarian, acquisition department (reposting). stanford university libraries. direct acquisitions function for a major library with $2 million acquisitions budget, managing a highly automated system with responsibility for order division, gifts and exchange, binding and finishing. mls or equivalent, substantial acquisitions knowledge, demonstrated management and leadership abilities required. two foreign languages desirable. salary $22,800 $27,600. apply by august 15, 1980 to james myers, stanford uni­ versity libraries, stanford, ca 94305. eoe. assistant library personnel officer. stanford university libraries. as­ sists in administration of a major research library's personnel program. works in the areas of employment, compensation, employee relations, and staff development. mls or equivalent strongly preferred; demonstrated skill in supervision, training, and personnel management required; must be easily approachable, enthusiastic, tolerant, and able to operate under stress, skill in written and oral communications, memory for and understanding of procedural detail required. salary $17,600 $21,000. apply by august 8, 1980 to caroline henderson, library personnel officer, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305. eoe. manuscripts librarian. stanford university libraries. oversees operation of manuscripts division, including development, processing, and maintenance of manucsripts collections. provides access to users. mls with specializa­ tion in special collections work or master's degree in archives/manuscripts management or equivalent required. degree in u.s. or european history or literature with some work in both areas, background in paleography highly desirable. music or classics training useful. reading competency in one or more of the following languages desirable: latin, greek, french, german, or italian. library experience desirable. salary $15,000 $21,000. apply by august 31, 1980 to caroline henderson, library personnel officer, stan­ ford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305. eoe. catalog librarian. rutgers university libraries, new brunswick. mls plus five years' minimum academic/research library original cataloging experi­ ence essential. one or two foreign languages, $18,826 minimum, faculty status. submit resumes no later than august 1, 1980 to bonita craft grant, (app. #30), personnel librarian, alexander library, rutgers university li­ braries, new brunswick, nj 08903. please cite app. #30 on all correspon­ dence. cataloger. responsible for planning and implementing retrospective con­ version on oclc including recataloging to conform to aacr 2. required: ala accredited mls and several years' experience cataloging with oclc and lc. salary range $14,592 $23,460 dependent on qualifications and experi­ ence. appointment limited to two years. apply by september 1, 1980 to david k. oyler, university librarian, humboldt state university, arcata, ca 95521 (707) 826-3441. serials cataloging. two positions. university of california, santa bar­ bara. responsible for original cataloging and analytics in all classes and languages in the roman alphabet. requirements: (1) ala accredited mls or equivalency; (2) thorough knowledge of aacr, lc classification and lc subject headings; (3) interest in and aptitude for serials cataloging evi­ denced by recent experience or recent advanced course study in cataloging. experience with oclc highly desirable. salary: $14,940 $20,100, depen­ dent upon experience and qualifications. applications must be received by july 31, 1980. send letter of application, names of references, and resume to margaret deacon, aul, ucsb, santa barbara, ca 93106. eo/aa employer. reference librarian. (assistant or senior assistant, depending on qualifi­ cations.) requires master's degree from an ala accredited library school, ability to communicate well and work well with others. relevant experience in an academic library and computer-based reference experience desired; sci­ ence background useful. incumbent provides general and subject reference service, gives library instruction lectures, performs computer-based refer­ ence searches, assists in collection development. salary $14,592 $23,460, initial appointment up to mid range of rank appropriate to qualifications. expect 9-10% salary adjustment july 1, 1980. this is a tenure track posi­ tion, open september 1, 1980. california state university, long beach is a large, comprehensive university, with a student body of 31,000, offering 78 baccalaureate and 50 master's degrees. the library is housed in a modern, six story building, with collection of over 1,600,000 bibliographic items, including 800,000 volumes. the staff of 151.8 fte librarians and support personnel is devoted to providing the highest quality services. the library has one of the most active library instruction programs in the nation, reaching over 9,000 students in direct instruction, with over 500 seminars or lectures per year. send nominations or letter of application with res­ ume, a statement of professional philosophy with emphasis on reference ser­ vice, and other supporting evidence of professional work and scholarship to: office of the director of the library, the university library, california state university, long beach, long beach, california 90840; (213) 498-4047. application deadline: august 1, 1980. an equal opportunity/affirmative action/title ix employer. library director. michigan technological university, houghton, michigan. applications and nominations for this position are now being solicited. michigan technological university is a state supported university with cur­ rent enrollment of about 7,700 students. the university's traditionally strong education and research programs in engineering and the sciences are complemented by academic programs in forestry, business administration, hu­ manities, and social sciences. a strong commitment has been made toward continuing expansion of research and graduate studies while maintaining a high quality of undergraduate education. the library director reports to the vice president of academic affairs and is responsible for administering a full time staff of 30, including 10 librarians, a collection of over 455,000 volumes, overall library services, budget, and long range planning. applicants must have an ala-accredited mls degree, college or university library experience, and a record of administrative achievement. salary minimum of $35,000 dependent on experience and qualifications. applications including names of three references should be made by september 15 to chair, library director search committee, office of the vice president of academic affairs, michigan technological university, houghton, mi 49931. michigan technological university is an equal opportunity educational institution, equal opportunity employer. associate librarian. on-line searching. mls plus two years' experience with dialog or orbit using chemical or biological data bases. salary 14-21 k. please send resume detailing on-line experience to personnel positon #1558, frederick cancer research center, litton bionetics incorporated, p.0. box b, frederick, md 21701. eoe, m/f. jobline established— (312) 955-6795: beginning september 1, 1980, a tele­ phone jobline provided by acrl will relay to academic librarians up-to-the minute information on job openings. simply call (312) 944-6795 for a pre­ recorded summary of positions listed with the service. the tape will be revised weekly; listings received by 1:00 p.m. on thursdays will be includ­ ed on the tape starting the next day. the right priorities: dr. henry r. winkler, university of cincinnati pres­ ident, who recently ended a much-publicized search by appointing mike mcgee as his school's athletic director: "i'm tempted to call a press conference and announce our new librarian, who is more important to the university." (reprinted with permission from sports illustrated, june 9, 1980.) charles osburn, currently assistant librarian for collection management at north­ western university, will become vice provost for university libraries at the university of cincinnati on september 1. b asic g ale r e feren ce b o o ks for managers, marketers, and administrators n e w editions a n d n e w titles statistics sources, 6th ed. . . . a subject guide to data on industrial, business, social, educational, financial, and other topics for the united states and internationally. edited by paul wasserman. 1,098pp. 1980. $85.00. just published, this new edition is 20% larger than its predecessor and has been completely revised and updated. it presents over 26,000 citations on 12,000 subjects of importance to librarians, businesspeople, government officials, students — anyone needing a guide to sources of factual quantitative information. directory encyclopedia of business of directories, 1st ed. information sources, 4th ed. . . . a reference guide covering business and . . . a detailed listing of primary subjects of industrial directories, professional and scientific interest to managerial personnel, with a record rosters, and others lists and guides of all kinds. of sourcebooks, periodicals, organizations, thoroughly describes and completely indexes over directories, handbooks, bibliographies, and other 5,100 directories. edited by james m. ethridge. sources of information on each topic. provides subject and title indexes. 722pp. 1980. $56.00. nearly 20,000 entries on 1,280 specific topics. supplemented by directory information service, edited by paul wasserman, charlotte georgi, and inter-edition subscription, $52.00. james woy. 782pp. 1980. $72.00. business organizations and agencies directory, 1st ed. standing order service . . . a guide to trade, business, and commercial all of these books are available on standing organizations, government agencies, stock order. note: standing orders for gale exchanges, labor unions, chambers of commerce, reference books are now billed at a diplomatic representation, trade and convention 5% discount. centers, trade fairs, publishers, data banks and computerized services, educational institutions, write for the catalog o f gale books tor managers, m arketers, a nd adm inistrators. business libraries and information centers, and research centers. a ll gale books are sent on 30-day approval. edited by anthony t. kruzas and robert c. thomas. keyword and geographical custom ers outside th e u.s. a nd canada a d d 10% indexes for many of the 26 sections. 894pp. to p ric e s shown. 1980. $72.00. gale research company b ook tower d e tro it, m ichigan 48226 acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 308 classified advertising deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month pre­ ceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $4.00 per line for acrl members, $5.00 for others. late job notices are $10.00 per line for members, $12.00 per line for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the last day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 31 for the october issue). all job an­ nouncements must include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. job lin e: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking jo b ads for academic and research library positions. a prerecorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes ail ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. the service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow application deadlines, will not ap­ pear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl members and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep’t, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. for sale annals ny acad sci, used, $1.00 and up. send for price list or inquire about specific issues. d. windsor, p.o. box 604, norwich, ny 13815. business for sale. over 18,000 collections of original book reviews from 1929-1970. reviews on file, box 298, walton, ny 13856. foreign microform s. any foreign microform from anywhere in the world at the foreign list price. free searching. monographs and serials. imds, 1995 broadway, ny, ny 10023, (212) 873-2100. marv broadbent, box 6, beltsville, md 20705. government publications. standing, subscription, single, or search orders. no prepayment. no foreign surcharge. (301) 937-8846. information wanted th e colonial w illiam sburg foundation research center is continuing its search for pre-1800 williamsburg imprints. our goal is a checklist of all extant williamsburg imprints. please send us a record of the williamsburg holdings in your institution if you have not already done so. photocopies of catalog copy are pre­ ferred. send all information to susan strome¡, assistant librarian, research center, colonial williamsburg foundation, p.o. box c, williamsburg, va 23185; (804) 229-1000, ext. 2275. positions open academic services librarian. the james branch cabell li­ brary of virginia commonwealth university is seeking an academic services librarian to supervise all aspects of patron services. re­ sponsibilities include: supervision of a staff of 42 including 10 li­ brarians; development of library public service policies; liaison with faculty, students, academic campus groups, cooperative associa­ tions, and the health services librarian of the university. reports to the director of the university libraries. required: demonstrated ability to interact with the academic community; experience in pro­ gram planning and development, policy making, and coordination in the provision of public services; ala-accredited mls degree, minimum of 10 years' experience. salary is competitive, minimum $14,000, usual fringe benefits, academic rank. send resume with name and addresses of three references, no later than september 30, 1981, to: j. craig mclean, administrative services librarian, virginia commonwealth university, 901 park avenue, richmond, va 23284. virginia commonwealth university is an eeo affirmative action employer. assistant acquisitions librarian (serials). golda meir library, the university of wisconsin-milwaukee, has a capital budget exceeding $1 million annually and adds over 100,000 bib­ liographic items per year to its collections. duties emphasize work with serials and continuations and include review and evaluation of existing subscriptions and standing orders, involvement in coopera­ tive activities, bibliographic searching, collection and analysis of data, some review of incoming requests and materials, work with gifts, preparation of reports, surveys, and correspondence, some supervision of support staff, etc. qualifications: strong, broad-based educational background, including ala-accredited mls, ability to work with data in foreign languages. highly desirable: experience with serials work in research library setting; additional graduate training; experience and/or training in other areas of library work re­ lated to job assignment; and fluency in at least one modern west­ ern european language (german preferred). salary: this is an academic specialist position with a base salary of $14,776. starting salary depending upon experience and qualifications. generous va­ cation and fringe benefits. application: send request for application to search committee, university of wisconsin-milwaukee, the golda meir library, p.o. box 604, milwaukee, wl 53201. applica­ tion deadline is october 15, 1981. the university of wisconsin milwaukee is an equal-opportunity/affi rmative-action employer. assistant/associate u n iversity librarian for public services. shields library, university of california, davis. reports directly to the university librarian, exercising prime responsibility for the management, supervision, planning, and development of the biological & agricultural sciences department, government docum ents departm ent, (in c lu d in g m aps and m icrofo rm s), humanities/social sciences reference department (including inter library loan), loan department (including reserves), and two branch libraries— the physical sciences library and the agricultural economics library. in association with other members of the li­ brary administration, helps to develop policies for the management and advancement of the uc davis library system. will also be re­ sponsible for some public relations activities, editorial duties, in­ cluding the publication of the library's chapbook series, and repre­ sentation of the davis library in state and regional library activities. a graduate degree in librarianship from an ala-accredited institu­ tion or its equivalent and demonstrated successful experience at the administrative or managerial level in a large academic or re­ search library are required for appointment. experience with auto­ mated public service operations and library educational service programs highly desirable. salary range for assistant u.l. is $29,400-$46.600/year; for associate u.l. $31,100-$48,100/year. appointment salary to $36,000, dependent upon qualifications and experience. applicants should send resumes and names of 4 re­ ferees to: bernard kreissman, university librarian, 108 shields li­ brary, university of california, davis, ca 95616. all applications must be received no later than 16 october 1981. assistan t college l ib r a r ia n . responsible for circulation services and student personnel; ill; cataloging of av software. ala-accredited mls required. experience preferred but not re­ quired. 12-month appointment; faculty rank and status; tiaa cref, bc/bs. 20 days' vacation; salary; $12,000; available im­ mediately. send resume, library school transcripts, and three letters of reference to: judith abner, eastwood library, limestone college, 1115 college dr., gaffney, sc 29340. assistant department head, serials/serials acquisi­ tion libra rian. assists the department head in planning and procedures for a department which receives 13,500 current peri­ odicals and serials, domestic and foreign, with a staff of 31. has major responsibility for serials acquisitions including supervision of the serials order section (5.2 staff members). requirements: mls, at least two years' experience in serials acquisitions or processing in an academic library, demonstrated supervisory ability, and a reading knowledge of at least one foreign language. salary: $18,190-$23,379, dependent upon experience and qualifications. applications must be received by october 15, 1981. send letter of application, names of three references, and a resume to margaret deacon, assistant university librarian, the library, university of california at santa barbara, santa barbara, ca 93106. an equal opportunity/affirmative-action employer. assistant director and head of public services. in­ diana university at south bend. november 1, 1981. responsible for the supervision of all public service functions, including refer­ ence, circulation, library instruction, database searching, and inter library loan; assumes administrative responsibilities in the absence 309 of the director. mls degree from an ala-accredited library school; three years of academic reference experience; demonstrated fam il­ iarity with programs of library instruction and online searching; demonstrated interest in professional development; knowledge of one or more foreign languages; ability to relate effectively to stu­ dents, faculty, staff, and a varied public; ability to meet require­ ments and responsibilities of a tenure-track appointm ent are re­ quired. advanced degree, supervisory experience; knowledge of interlibrary loan procedures; and technological advances in circula­ tion are desirable. 22 days' vacation, bc/bs and life insurance, tiaa/cref. salary $18 ,50 0 -$ 2 0 ,5 0 0 , dependent on experience and qualifications. closing date: september 30, 1981. apply to: james l. mullins, director, indiana university at south bend li­ brary, 1700 mishawaka avenue, p.o. box 7111, south bend, in 46634. indiana university is an affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. a s s is ta n t director for pu b lic ser vices. massachusetts institute of technology libraries. responsible, under the director and associate director, for directing and supervising the operations and adm inistration of the divisional, branch, and reading room units of the library system, and all other internal and external pub­ lic service activities. as a member of the library’s steering commit­ tee, responsible for overall administration of library system, policy determination and implementation, salary review, and promotion process. qualifications: mls from accredited library school. at least 8 years of increasingly responsible professional experience in an academic/research library, including at least 3 years in an adminis­ trative capacity in public services. extensive experience with appli­ cation of technology in research libraries, including automated cir­ culation systems and online database searching. knowledge of and/or experience in collection development in academic/research libraries required. background in science and technology desirable. m inim um salary: $31,000. subm it resume, in cluding names of three current references, by september 30, 1981, to search com­ mittee for assistant director, the libraries, room 14s-216, mit, cambridge, ma 02139. an equ al-opportunity/affirm ative-action employer. a s s is ta n t head, m o n o g r a ph ic cataloging. supervision of 12 fte paraprofessional staff who handle all descriptive and adap­ tive cataloging; responsibility for file management unit (filing, re­ cataloging, problems, general quality control): responsibility for general management of retrospective conversion project. qualifica­ tions: ala accredited mls, 3 years' experience cataloging, familiar­ ity with processes and problems of machine-readable cataloging, demonstrated ability to supervise paraprofessional staff, one foreign language; second language and second master's desirable. bene­ fits: 10-24 working days’ annual leave, depending on qualifications; group insurance and hospitalization; 10 working days' sick leave; state retirement plan. salary: $ 1 6 ,0 0 0 -$ 19,000 depending on qual­ ifications. available october 1, 1981. contact: walter high, head, monographic cataloging, d. h. hill library, north carolina state university, p.o. box 5007, raleigh, nc 27650. a s s is t a n t h e a d of a c q u is t io n s /s e r ia l s d e p a r t m e n t . university of arkansas. responsible for assisting in the administra­ tion and supervision of a combined department of 19 fte, with major emphasis on quality control of serials and binding operations. ala-accredited mls and two or more years' professional experi­ ence in serials cataloging and/or serials acquisitions required. su­ pervisory experience and knowledge of computer based record sys­ tems highly desirable. salary $16,500. 12-month contract. tiaa/ cref and many other fringe benefits. tenure track position. send application and resume to: royal v. pope, director of libraries, u n iv e rs ity of a rkansa s, f aye tte ville , ar 7 2 7 0 1 . an eq u a l opportunity/affi rmative-action employer; welcomes applications from all qualified individuals. as s is ta n t h ead of cataloging. responsibilities include orig­ inal cataloging of monographs and serials, catalog maintenance, training and supervision of support staff, oclc shared cataloging and shelflist conversion, assisting in policy and procedure formula­ tion and documentation in a departm ent of 5 professional staff and 11 paraprofessionals. requirements: ala-accredited mls, three years' cataloging experience in academic library, working knowl­ edge of aacr2 and lc cataloging practices, oclc tagging. lan­ guage helpful. salary $16 ,500 . tenure track faculty position, tiaa/cref and other fringes. position open immediately. send let­ ter of application and resume to royal v. pope, director of librar­ ies, university of arkansas, fayetteville, ar 72701. an equal opportunity/affirmative-action employer. a s s is t a n t l ib r a r ia n : m e d ia cataloger. catalogs mostly nonprint materials in various formats using oclc system. mls from an ala-accredited program, two years’ experience, and familiarity with oclc and aacr2 required. reading knowledge of foreign lan­ guages helpful. undergraduate concentration in communications technology or music desirable. tenure-track, twelve month position. salary $ 1 2 ,0 0 0 -$ 15,000, depending on experience. new york state fringe benefits; tiaa/cref option available. position available january 2, 1982. application deadline october 1. send resume and names of three references to john p. saulitis, director of li­ brary services, reed library, state university college, fredonia, ny 14063. an affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. a s s is ta n t refer en c e l ib r a r ia n . private four year women's college of 1250 students. share responsibilities for all phases of reference work including library instruction, collection development. some supervisory responsibilities in the summer. position requires mls from an ala-accredited institution and a com m itm ent to women’s education. professional reference experience in academic libraries preferred. twelve month tenurable position with full faculty rights and responsibilities. salary $12,000. begin january 1982. applications due september 30, 1981, and must include a cur­ rent vita, transcripts, and at least three letters of reference. for complete position description write to: joanna todd, chair, search committee, hugh stephens library, stephens college, columbia, mo 65215. an equal-opportunity/affirm ative-action employer. a s s is t a n t s c ien c e r e fe r e n c e l ib r a r ia n . provides ser­ vices at general reference desk and information desk in morris li­ brary, the main library of the university of delaware. assists in col­ lection development with faculty liaison responsibility for technology areas, including mathematics, statistics, com puter science, and engineering; provides bibliographic instruction and searches online database in these subject areas. participates in general operation and administration of the reference department through discus­ sion at staff meetings and individual assignments. some night and weekend work required. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; ability to communicate effectively, orally and in writing; ability to work ef­ fectively with diverse groups of individuals in an academic envi­ ronment; com m itm ent to provision of high-quality reference ser­ vices. preferred: undergraduate degree or coursework in sciences or engineering; graduate course in science reference; experience in reference in a large academic library. position available december 1, 1981, or january 1, 1982. salary dependent on qualifications and experience, m inimum $13,327. tiaa, blue cross/blue shield, liberal benefits. send letter of application and resume by october 16, 1981, to taras ortynsky, chair, search committee for assistant librarian— reference department, university of delaware library, newark, de 19711. the u n iversity of delaware is an equal opportunity employer who encourages applications from qualified minority groups and women. a s s is t a n t s er ia ls l ib r a r ia n . assists head of serials de­ partm ent by participating in serials acquisitions, serials biblio­ graphic control, and providing public access to serial and m i­ cromedia collections. assists in organizing, planning, implementing, and coordinating serial activities as appropriate, with emphasis on acquisitions of over 14,000 titles. reviews serials functions and makes recommendations for revision and implementation as ap­ propriate. participates in collection development in an area of re­ sponsibility. serials departm ent newly remodeled september 1, 1981. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; ability to communicate effectively, orally and in writing; ability to deal with diverse groups of individuals in an academic environment; familiarity with oclc, aacr2, lc, and at least one modern foreign language. broad over­ view of serial relationships between acquisitions, cataloging, and serials bibliographic control is desirable. preferred: experience in technical services in a large academic library. position available december 1, 1981, or january 1, 1982. salary dependent on ex­ perience and qualifications; minimum $13,327. tiaa, blue cross/ blue shield, liberal benefits. send letter of application and resume by october 16, 1981, to jack levine, chair, search committee for assistant librarian— serials department, university of delaware li­ brary, newark, de 19711. the university of delaware is an equal opportunity employer who encourages applications from qualified minority groups and women. catalog lib r a r ia n (s e r ia l s ). michigan technological univer­ sity library is on the oclc system and uses the serials subsystem. the collection is predominantly in the sciences and engineering. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library school, experience in oclc and cataloging of serials. salary: $14,300 minimum. fac­ ulty rank. application deadline: september 30, 1981. send resume and three letters of reference to lee j. lebb¡n, director, university library, michigan technological university, houghton, ml 49931. michigan technological university is an equal-opportunity educa­ tional institution, equal-opportunity employer. cataloger. american and latin american history and romance languages, university of arizona library. responsible for original cataloging and monographs in western hemisphere history and romance languages other than french. subject assignments also include art and books about music. ala-accredited library degree, advanced cataloging course or experience with lc classification, and extensive knowledge of spanish is required. knowledge of ita­ lian and portuguese and academic preparation in latin american history or romance languages preferred. oclc or sim ilar experi­ ence desired. salary $ 1 4 ,400 -$2 0,0 00 depending upon qualifica­ tions. faculty status, 12-month appointm ent, 22 days' vacation, fringe benefits. send resume including names of 3 referees by oc­ tober 15, 1981, to w. david laird, university librarian, university of a rizo na l ibra ry, t ucso n, az 8 5 7 2 1 . an e q u a l opportunity/affirmative-action title ix sec. 504 employer. 310 cataloger. golda me¡r library, the university of wisconsin milwaukee. one of five professional catalogers in a department which processed 45,(xx) titles in 1980. responsible for original and oclc member library edit-cataloging of monographs, including lo­ cal, state, and federal government documents and law materials, using aacr 2, lc classification schedules, and subject headings. aacr 2 revision in the public card catalogs is also a professional responsibility. qualifications: a la-accredited mls required. working knowledge of two foreign languages desirable (modern european or russian preferred). oclc and aacr 2 experience highly desirable. salary: this is an academic specialist position with a base salary of $14,776. starting salary depending upon experience and qualifica­ tions. generous vacation and fringe benefits. application: send re­ quest for app lica tion to search comm ittee, university of wisconsin-milwaukee, golda meir library, p.o. box 604, m il­ waukee, wl 53201. application deadline is october 15, 1981. the u n iversity of w isconsin-m ilw aukee is an equal opportunity/affirmative-action employer. director of information services. experienced reference librarian and administrator with knowledge of bibliographic instruc­ tion needed to oversee on daily basis the functioning of reference, periodicals, and government publications divisions. associate pro­ fessor rank. ala-accredited mls, plus second master's or docto­ rate degree required. salary $23,663. liberal fringe benefits. send resume and names of references by october 1, 1981, to david 0. lane, 695 park avenue, new york, ny 10021. hunter college is an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. director of libraries. the california institute of technology invites applications and nominations for the position of director of libraries. the position is available january 1, 1982. the collective libraries contain approximately 350,000 volumes, serving 740 fac­ ulty, 830 undergraduates, and 900 graduate students. the director supervises personnel, works with the faculty library committee, administers library policies, and develops plans for automation, space and equipment needs. the director also encourages and participates in cooperative relationships with other academic librar­ ies. the library is a member of oclc, class,'center for research libraries, and calinet. the use of on-line data bases is encour­ aged. the california institute of technology is an independent, pri­ vately supported institution, and is considered one of the world’s major research centers. the position is a challenging one because the librarians are vital to the basic thrust of the institute’s scientific and technical research activities, as well as its strong programs in humanities and social sciences. candidates for director of libraries should present evidence of: adm in istrative experience in an academic library and appropriate managerial skills, including per­ sonnel management and the ability to work with the faculty; experi­ ence with cooperative academic library activities, as well as knowl­ edge of current developments in library technology, is expected. professional training is highly desirable, but persons with an equiva­ lent level of library experience or demonstrated scholarly ability will also be given consideration. because of the institute’s heavy in­ volvement with computers and computer networks, special em­ phasis will be placed on knowledge of, and interest in, com ­ puterized cataloging and information systems. minimum salary is $38,(xx), depending on qualifications and experience. a letter of application, a professional resume, and names of three current ref­ erences should be sent to: john d. roberts, vice president and provost, california institute of technology, pasadena, ca 91125. caltech is an equal opportunity employer, m/f/h. governm ent docum ents librarian. responsible for short and long-range planning for, and administration of, a documents collection of 200,000 volumes, including selecting, acquiring, pro­ cessing, and providing user access to this collection. library is a partial depository. supervisor of 3 fte support staff. some general reference and bibliographic instruction and some evening service are required. applicants must have mls, experience in documents work. second master's degree preferred. appointment at instructor ($16,434+) or assistant professor ($17,985+) depending on qual­ ifications. twelve month contract, 30 working days' vacation, excel­ lent health and retirement programs. position open september 1, 1981. send resumes to brooklyn college library, personnel office, brooklyn, ny 11210. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action em­ ployer. head, b ib l io g r a p h ic control. required: ala-accredited mls. at least 5 years of increasingly responsible professional ad­ ministrative and supervisory experience in a catalog or other tech­ nical services function, preferably in a research library setting. de­ sired: second master's degree and foreign language ability, prefera­ bly spanish and/or portuguese. duties: manage department of 9 full-tim e faculty and 28 fte support staff. responsible for the management of all monographic cataloging operations including supervision of assistant department head, oclc coordinator, and team leaders in general, fine arts, and ibero-american cataloging; catalog records; preparation and file maintenance. is expected to make major contribution to implementation of online circulation and inventory control system. participates in and contributes to library-wide planning. coordinates with other areas of the library. salary range: $23,000-$27,000 for 12 months. faculty status. li­ brarians must meet general university requirements for promotion and tenure (librarianship, scholarship/research, professional and university service) in addition to specific library assignments. avail­ able january 1982. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references by november 1, 1981, to margo rathbun, per­ sonnel administrator, university of new mexico general library, al­ buquerque, nm 87131. an affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. head, interlibrary services department. reports to the associate director for public services. responsible for management and operation of interlibrary loan for the main library and 3 branch libraries; acts as library's liaison with other in-state libraries; repre­ sents the utk library in state, regional, and national planning for networking and resource sharing activities; plans, directs, coordi­ nates, and evaluates the work of 4.5 fte staff. the department handles 24,000 requests per year. qualifications: master's degree from ala-accredited library school or equivalent required. 2 years of successful academic library experience required. a working knowledge of oclc and other major bibliographic tools required. some previous supervisory experience, a knowledge of interlibrary loan practices, and extensive experience with oclc/ill subsystem preferred. tenure-track position, instructor or assistant professor (d.o.q.), salary $16,000-$ 18,000. 12 month appointment, tiaa/ cref or state retirement plan, health insurance, usual holidays, 24 days’ annual and 12 days' sick leave, tuition remission. applicants should submit letter of application, resume, and placement folder or three letters of reference by october 15, 1981, to jill keally, personnel librarian, the university of tn library, knoxville, tn 37916. utk is an eeo, affirmative-action, title ix, section 504 employer. head of technical services. the st. louis public library, a research oriented public library with an annual budget of over $5 million and 1.5 million volumes is recruiting for a manager of the technical services division. duties include planning, organization, and coordination of technical services. supervises 25 professional, technical, and clerical support staff. oclc, dewey classification with an annual acquisition budget of $550,000. responsibility for online statewide union list of serials and future additional automa­ tion anticipated. ala-accredited mls and at least six years of pro­ fessional experience including supervisory or administrative experi­ ence in technical services. must have some knowledge of auto­ mated library systems. starting salary $21,286 or more depending on experience. send resume of qualifications immediately to mar­ ion e. flowers, personnel officer, st. louis public library, 1301 olive street, st. louis, mo 63103. 311 head, reference d e partm ent. the university of connecticut health center library anticipates filling the position of head, refer­ ence department. responsibilities include: reference department staff training, particularly training in online computerized literature searching; administration of online data base services and con­ tracts; supervision of 4.5 professional and clerical fte; general in­ formation desk coverage; development of library orientation and educational programs; participation in, and management of, clinical librarian service; maintenance and analysis of departmental statis­ tics; assistance in collection development. qualifications: mls from an ala-accred¡ted library school; 3 5 years' medical library refer­ ence experience, including online searching on brs and nlm sys­ tems; demonstrated experience in library instruction. undergradu­ ate background in science or biology, familiarity with health science audiovisuals desirable. administrative and supervisory experience preferred. salary range: $20,000-$26,000. application letter and resume should be sent to ralph d. arcari, director, health center library, university of connecticut, farmington, ct 06032. an affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. head, scien ce and technology room. required: graduate library degree; seven years' relevant experience (a substantial part in sciences and/or technology) or compensating achievement; suc­ cessful management experience; experience in and commitment to library instruction; experience in computerized reference service; commitment to service; written and oral communication skills; abil­ ity to lead, to motivate and direct professional people, to relate posi­ tively to users and colleagues in a multi-ethnic environment, and to develop and maintain liaison with teaching departments and fac­ ulty; continuing professional growth and acceptance of responsibil­ ity; must be creative, innovative, self-motivated; must have made professional, scholarly, or creative contributions. desired: bachelor and/or graduate degrees in sciences and/or technology. duties: manages science and technology room, supervises 4 fte librar­ ians and support staff, serves at reference desk and selects mate­ rials in appropriate subject areas; is responsible for quality of refer­ ence service, leads in development of working relationships be­ tween staff and teaching faculty, and coordinates library instruction and computerized reference service. appointment as associate li­ brarian, $25 ,44 0 -$ 3 0 ,6 7 2 , salary dependent on qualifications. tenure on 5th year reappointment, 24 days' vacation, 12 days' sick leave per year, option of 10-mo. appointment beginning each fiscal year. apply with resume by 15 october 1981, to: morris polan, university librarian, california state university, los angeles, 5151 state u n iv e rs ity drive, los angeles, ca 9 0 0 3 2 . equal opportunity/affirmative act¡on/hand¡capped/t¡tle ix employer. head, tec h n ic a l services. rollins college, winter park, f l, a private, liberal arts institution, invites applications for a librarian to direct and coordinate its technical services operations. duties in­ clude supervision of acquisitions, cataloging, serials, and process­ ing functions, with a staff of 2 professionals, 5.5 nonprofessionals, plus student assistants. responsibilities include collection de­ velopment. a working knowledge of oclc cataloging and familiarity with aacr2 and its implications are required. education require­ ments include an ala-accredited mls degree and a subject mas­ ter’s. at least five years’ academic library supervisory experience is essential, preferably at a liberal arts college. salary competitive, base $17,500, plus rank and experience. this is a 12 month fac­ ulty appointm ent. send resume prior to october 15, 1981, to esther s. chase, chair, search committee, mills memorial library, r o llins college, w inter park, fl 3 2 7 8 9 . an equ al opportunity/affirmative-action college. ju d a ic a l ib r a r ia n . responsibilities include reference and cataloging of a collection entirely devoted to jewish studies. must deal with original and copy cataloging. ala-accredited mls plus a reading knowledge of hebrew and yiddish required, other lan­ guages desirable. salary $12,000. to apply, please send a resume and three references by september 30 to: richard w. marcus, di­ rector, asher library, spertus college of judaica, 618 s. michigan avenue, chicago, il 60605. l ib r a r ia n . head of library instructional services in an academic library, located in a college town of 50,000 near tuttle creek re­ servoir. position open august 18, 1981. twelve month contract with one month vacation, faculty rank and status, and tiaa. under the supervision of the associate dean for public services, the ap­ pointee will be responsible for teaching a 'credit course of library instruction, developing self-paced instructional materials, acting as liaison to academic departments, and coordinating class presen­ tations. required are a master's degree in library science and five years of successful academic library experience including refer­ ence/instruction experience. the ability to work well and creatively with faculty, students, and staff is essential. audiovisual back­ ground is preferred; courses in teaching methods would be desir­ able. salary $17,040-$21,660 dependent upon qualifications and experience. applications, together with resume, transcripts, and placement file (if placement file is not current, submit three letters of reference) m ust be subm itted by septem ber 30, 1981, to: meredith litchfield, assistant director, kansas state university li­ braries, m anhatta n, ks 6 6 5 0 6 . ksu is an equ al opportunity/affirmative-action employer. 312 l ib r a r ia n , reference services d e p a r tm e n t. librarian to provide reference service as part of a team of professionals and paraprofessionals in the perry-castañeda library (pcd, the main library of the university library system, with emphasis on the social sciences, hum anities, business, and education. in addition to scheduled hours at the reference and information desks, other re­ sponsibilities will include user education, selection of materials for the reference collection, preparation of bibliographies, searching computer-based information sources, reference correspondence, and other related duties as assigned. night and weekend work will be required. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited program, good written and verbal communication skills, and a degree or li­ brary experience in the social sciences required. at least one year post-mls experience in reference work, experience or training in online searching, and knowledge of at least one foreign language preferred. candidates should have a strong service orientation and an interest in user education. salary: m inimum of $15,000. the state pays 88% of employee’s social security payments on the first $16,500 of salary. retirement plans include tiaa/cref. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by september 30, 1981. send letter of application and resume, including names of three professional references and a statement of current salary and salary requirements, to robert s. treppa, pcl 3.200, the general libraries, the university of texas at austin, austin, tx 78712. the university of texas at austin is an equal-opportunity/affirmative action employer. l ib r a r ia n , s p e c ia l c o l l e c t io n s , u n iversity of arizona. works under the direction of the head special collections librarian in providing reference service, assisting with the acquisition of local and state documents, processing book and manuscript materials, preparing exhibits and other projects as assigned. ala-accredited library degree and successful library public service experience re­ quired. knowledge of modern cataloging procedures preferred. background in southwest americana or latin americana with an em phasis on m exico or book arts or rare books, as well as reading/speaking knowledge of spanish desired. position available january 2, 1982. application deadline october 15, 1981. salary range $ 1 4 ,4 0 0 -$ 2 0 ,0 0 0 dependent upon experience. faculty status, 12-month appointment, 22 days’ annual vacation, fringe benefits. send resume, including names of three referees, to w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona, tucson, az 85721. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action title ix, sec. 504 employer. l ib r a r ia n s . immediate professional career opportunities are available with the broward county libraries division, serving a rapidly developing urban community of 1.1 million. an attractive employee benefit package is included. librarian iii: $ 1 9 ,0 7 0 $25,020 per year. requires mls from an accredited college and four (4) years’ professional experience in a supervisory capacity. vacancy specialties include: special collections development, law, genealogy, and business/science/technology. librarian iv: $21 ,050 $27,617 per year. requires mls from an accredited college and five (5) years' professional experience in a supervisory capacity. vacancy specialties include: collection development, government documents, and bus¡ness/sc¡ence/technology. applications and additional information by phone or mail may be obtained from the personnel division, broward county, governor’s club building, 2nd floor, 236 s.e. first avenue, ft. lauderdale, fl 33301; (305) 765-5555. equal opportunity employer (m/f). m a n a g em en t services l ib r a r ia n . position available october 15, 1981. assists dean in all phases of library operations with em­ phasis on fiscal analysis and control, personnel transactions and services, physical planning and building maintenance, general op­ erational functions. ala-accredited master's degree with academic background and/or experience in areas noted essential. graduate work in relevant aspects of business administration strongly de­ sired. m inimum salary $15,000. to receive full consideration, ap­ plicants should send resume, transcripts of academic work, names and addresses of three references by october 1, 1981, to cynthia b. duncan, dean of library services, old dominion university, nor­ folk, va 23508. an affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. m onographic cataloger. entry level position. involves exten­ sive name authority work using aacr2 and assignment of access points (choice of entries, call numbers, and subject headings). re­ views descriptive cataloging of paraprofessional staff. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, some experience with aacr2, lc classifica­ tion, and lc subject headings. working knowledge of at least one foreign language (preferably german), and an undergraduate de­ gree in a scientific field is desirable. benefits: 10 working days' an­ nual leave; 10 working days' sick leave, group insurance and hos­ pitalization; state retirement plan. salary: $12,500 to $14,000 de­ pending on qualifications. available: october 1, 1981. contact: wal­ ter high, head, monographic cataloging, d. h. hill library, north carolina state university, p.o. box 5007, raleigh, nc 27650. network directo r. applications are invited for the new posi­ tion of executive director of capcon, a regional library network providing oclc-related services in the district of columbia, mary­ land, and northern virginia. the position will be available november 1 1981. responsibilities include operational planning, the de­ velopment of marketing strategies and membership promotion, fi­ nancial planning and budgeting, design and implementation of ser­ vice programs, and customer services. the executive director will be responsible to an executive board. capcon was form ed in 1976 by the consortium of universities of the washington met­ ropolitan area and is currently being reorganized as a membership organization with support services provided by the consortium. capcon is seeking an executive director with proven skills and ex­ perience in communication, marketing, and public relations. can­ didates must have a thorough knowledge of library operations or li­ brary networking with preference given to those with managerial experience and familiarity with the oclc system. m inimum salary is $28,000, depending on experience. tiaa-cref, partially paid, contributed group health and life insurance programs, 20 days’ an­ nual leave. send inquiries and resumes by october 1 to capcon, 1776 massachusetts avenue n.w., suite 412, attn: fred m. peter­ son, chair, search committee, washington, dc 20036. letters of recommendation are to be mailed to the same address. the con­ sortium of universities is an affirmat¡ve-action/equal-opportunity employer. r efer en c e lib r a r ia n . golda meir library, the university of wisconsin-milwaukee. duties include general reference service and responsibility for reference business/economics area. participates in the library bibliographic instruction program and also assists with data base services interviews. must be service oriented individual with ability to relate well to a wide variety of people. qualifications: ala-accredited mls required. must also have social science back­ ground with emphasis in business and economics. work experi­ ence in reference in an academic library and a thorough knowl­ edge of social science reference sources and/or comparable sub­ ject related course work preferred. knowledge of computer tech­ niques or experience with automated search systems desirable. salary: this is an academic specialist position with a base salary of $14,776. starting salary depending upon experience and qualifica­ tions. generous vacation and fringe benefits. application: send re­ que st for a p p lic a tio n to search c o m m ittee, u n ive rsity of wisconsin-milwaukee, the golda meir library, p.o. box 604, mil­ waukee, wl 53201. application deadline is october 15, 1981. the u n ive rsity of w is co n sin -m ilw a u ke e is an e q u a l-o p p o r tunity/affirmative-action employer. r e fe r e n c e l ib r a r ia n /b ib l io g r a p h e r in history, central university library reference department. assistant or associate li­ bra ria n , u n ive rsity of c a lifornia , san diego. salary range-. $ 17,412-$22 ,284 or $21,288 -$3 0,6 48. available september 1, 1981. participates in the department's programs of reference, col­ lection development, liaison, instruction and information services; serves at the reference desk, including some evening and weekend hours; provides specialized reference assistance in history; provides computer-assisted reference service; participates in instructional services; is responsible for collection developm ent and faculty liaison in the subject area of history; ucsd librarians expected to participate in such activities as library-wide planning; also expected to be active professionally. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. appropriate training and/or experi­ ence in collection development and reference service in a large re­ search library. familiarity with the literature of history essential; ad­ vanced degree in history preferred. an appointee at associate level would be expected to bring to the position well developed reference and c o lle c tio n deve lo p m e n t s k ills , and su b s ta n tia l previous academic library experience. applicants at this level should also possess leadership skills as evidenced by previous experience; a demonstrated ability to work effectively with research-oriented fac­ ulty, library staff, and other members of the academic community; and evidence of participation in professional activities. ucsd is an equ al-opportunity /a ffirm ative-action em ployer. a p plications ac­ cepted until october 15, 1981. submit a letter of application, en­ closing resume and a list of references, to: martha l. bovee, asso­ ciate university librarian, university of california, san diego, li­ brary, c-075-g3, la jolla, ca 92093. r eference lib r a r ia n for e n g in e e r in g a n d s cien ce. in a state-supported college offering bachelor’s degrees in the liberal arts, engineering, and sciences. duties include providing general reference service with emphasis on science and engineering, teach­ ing a one-hour credit bibliography course, conducting orientation programs and online literature searches, and helping in collection development. background and interest in engineering and/or sci­ ence essential, governm ent docu m en ts experience desirable. minimum requirements: mls from ala-accredited library school, several years' relevant work experience, ability to interact with the academic community, high energy level, versatility, and ability to supervise. salary to $21,000, depending on qualifications. 12 month contract, 30 days’ vacation, excellent fringe benefits through vmi foundation, possibility of housing assistance. instructor rank; possibility of assistant professorship for second master’s degree and extensive work experience. position available from june 1982. application deadline: nov. 30, 1981. send resume and placement folder to j. e. gaines, head librarian, virginia military institute, lexington, va 24450. aa/eeo employer. 313 scien ce l ib r a r ia n . louisiana tech university. responsible for collection development, bibliographic instruction, database search­ ing, and general and subject reference service. work flexible schedule of night and weekend rotation. required: ala-accred¡ted mls; academic training in sciences; database searching skills; gen­ eral and subject reference experience. preferred: appropriate sub­ ject area master’s; 3 -5 years’ experience in traditional academic reference service; 3 5 years’ experience in computer-assisted ref­ erence services; good interpersonal skills and demonstrable creativ­ ity and innovation. faculty rank, tenure track, 12-month contract. comprehensive benefits, excellent retirement. rank and salary sub­ ject to qualifications and experience. m inimum $16,500. send re­ sume, supporting credentials, and names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of three references to barbara lipscomb, chair, search committee, prescott memorial library, louisiana tech uni­ versity, ruston, la 71272. deadline november 1, 1981. louisiana tech university is an affirmative-action/equal-opportunity employer. s c ien c e l ib r a r ia n . master’s degree from accredited library school and ms in science required; ph.d. desirable. duties include refe ren ce, co lle c tio n d e ve lopm ent, c o m p u te rize d lite ra tu re searches, liaison with academic department. 12 month faculty posi­ tion. rank and salary depend on experience and education, but not less than $20,000. position available august 15, 1981. apply to: joe w. kraus, director, illinois state university library, normal, il 61761. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. s e r ia l s ca t a lo g er . golda m eir library, the u n iversity of wisconsin-milwaukee. one of two serials catalogers in a depart­ ment of five professional catalogers. the library receives approxi­ mately 11,000 serial titles per year and maintains a serials holdings list of 20,000 entries. responsible for original, oclc member li­ brary and lc edit-cataloging of serials. also responsible for creating entries for the local automated serials holdings list and for creating local data records in oclc. some monographic cataloging is also involved. aacr 2 revision in the public card catalogs is also a pro­ fessional responsibility. qualifications: ala-accredited mls and three years of professional experience in cataloging and/or serials is required. two years of serials cataloging experience is preferred. experience with oclc or another automated cataloging system, aacr 2, and lc classification schedules and subject headings also required. working knowledge of two foreign languages highly desir­ able. salary: this is an academic specialist position with a base sal­ ary of $14,776. starting salary depending upon experience and qualifications. generous vacation and fringe benefits. application: send request for application to search committee, university of wisconsin-milwaukee, the golda meir library, p.o. box 604, mil­ waukee, wl 53201. application deadline is october 15, 1981. the u n ive rsity of w isco n sin -m ilw a u ke e is an e q u a l-o p p o r tunity/affirmative-act¡on employer. ser ia ls cataloging sec tion head. university of california, santa barbara. supervises serials section of cataloging department. duties include original cataloging and classification of serials and analytics, revision of contributed cataloging work by library assis­ tants, and resolution of complex bibliographical problems. re­ quirements: mls, at least two years' professional experience in se­ rials cataloging, experience with aacr1 and aacr2, lc classifica­ tion and lc subject headings, and online cataloging systems. su­ pervisory experience desired. facility with european languages de­ sired. salary: $17,376-$30,642, dependent upon experience and qualifications. applications must be received by september 30, 1981. send letter of application, names of references, and resume to margaret deacon, assistant university librarian, university of california at santa barbara, santa barbara, ca 93106. an equal opportunity/affirmative-action employer. social sciences librarian. provides general reference ser­ vices and specialized services by use of electronic data bases; has specific responsibility in the area of political science, which in­ cludes collection development, acting as liaison with the depart­ ment and preparing guides and bibliographies; participates in gen­ eral library instruction programs. requirements: mls from ala accred¡ted library school; ma in political science or other social sci­ ence; working knowledge of a foreign language desirable; training in computerized bibliographic searching; course work in statistics and experience in using computerized data sources highly desirable; knowledge of online catalog use desirable. the university provides a generous staff benefit program. minimum salary $13,644. please submit a detailed resume by september 30, 1981, to vicky witte, head of social sciences services, olin library, washington univer­ sity, st. louis, mo 63130. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. th r ee p ositio n s available (los angeles area). 1) head of circulation: rank of library assistant iii or sr. assistant librarian. library assistant iii— salary $ 1 6 ,6 2 0 -$ 1 9 ,9 6 8 ; equivalent of 2 years of college and 4 years of progressively responsible experience in subprofessional library work. sr. assistant librarian— salary $18,612-$25,740; mls and 3 years of professional experience, preferably in an academic setting. 2) reference librarian: salary $16,008-$22,080; mls required; some general academic refer­ ence experience desired. 3) archivist: salary $20,616-$24,828; mls with archival specialization or equivalent degree in archival administration. submit a letter of application, complete resume, and the names of 3 references to phillip wesley, dean, educational resources, california state university dominguez hills, carson, ca 90747. applications must be either received or legibly postmarked by september 30, 1981. an equal-opportunity/affirmative-action employer. late job listings business reference librarian (search reopened). position available immediately at arizona state university, home of one of the world's largest business schools (235 faculty, 10,000 students). the successful candidate will report to the head of the business library but will operate out of the university library, which houses the major portion of the business collection. responsibilities will include general reference in the humanities and social sciences; specialized reference and research assistance in business subjects; instruction and orientation; computerized literature searching; and collection development in the fields of accounting, finance and quantitative systems. qualifications: ala-mls; academic training in business or strong working knowledge of business resources; ability to communicate effectively with students, faculty, and the general public. preference may be given to applicants with an appropriate advanced degree; reference experience; and training or experience in computer searching and bibliographic instruction. salary: dependent on qualifications ($15,000 range). send letter of application citing specific qualifications, including relevant courses taken, a current resume, and the names and addresses of three recent references to constance corey, assistant university librarian for management services, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287 by september 30, 1981. (postmark accepted.) asu is a committed equal opportunity affirmative action employer. 314 head, science reference service. position available at arizona state university january 1, 1982, when a large, new science and engineering library will be occupied. reporting to the head of the science library, the successful candidate will be responsible for program planning, management, and supervision of five library faculty and four support staff, plus student assistants. science reference librarians are actively engaged in reference and research assistance, online literature searching, instruction and orientation, collection development, and faculty liaison. disciplines supported include engineering, technology, and construction; computer sciences, mathematics, physics and astronomy, chemistry, geology, botany and microbiology, zoology, agriculture, health sciences, nursing, geography, and home economics. the library, which has just been designated a u.s. patent depository, will also house a well known solary energy collection. qualifications: ala-mls; professional academic or research library reference experience; successful supervisory and administrative experience; subject expertise in science or technology. preference will be given to applicants with a minimum of five years’ professional experience; experience in or knowledge of automated information retrieval; and an academic degree in science or technology. salary: dependent on qualifications ($20,000 minimum). send letter of application to constance corey, assistant university librarian for management services, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287 by september 30, 1981. (postmark accepted.) applicants should address all of the qualifications stated above and enclose a list of relevant courses taken, a current resume, and the names and addresses of three recent references. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. instruction librarian. new position available immediately at arizona state university, one of the largest urban universities in the country. the successful candidate will conduct needs assessments, evaluate programs, and coordinate the development of new and continuing library and orientation into a comprehensive, integrated program. additional responsibilities include administering the instruction budget; acting as a resource person for the selection of modes and techniques of instruction; serving ten hours per week at the general reference desk; and developing the library instruction collection. qualifications: ala-mls; substantial experience in library instruction and orientation; reference experience. preference will be given to applicants with academic library instruction experience; demonstrated managerial, communication, and interpersonal skills; ability to assess, develop, implement and evaluate instruction programs; knowledge of theories and techniques of instruction. salary: dependent on qualifications ($18,000 minimum). send letter of application, resume, and list of three current references to constance corey, assistant university librarian for management services, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287, by october 15, 1981. (postmark accepted.) applicants must include documentation or evidence of specific qualifications and a short statement of their philosophy of library instruction. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian (search reopened). position available immediately. arizona state university is seeking a reference librarian to assume responsibility for general reference in social sciences and humanities; collection development in religion and philosophy; in-depth reference and instruction in subject areas; faculty liaison; and participation in the library’s general instruction and orientation program. qualifications: ala-mls; academic training in the humanities; reading knowledge of german. preference may be given to applicants with appropriate background in philosophy and/or religious studies, reference experience, and training or 315 experience in orientation and instruction. salary: dependent on qualifications ($15,500 range). send letter of application, a current resume, and the names and addresses of three recent references to constance corey, assistant university librarian for managment services, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287 by september 15, 1981. (postmark accepted.) application must include documentation or evidence of specific qualifications, including relevant coursework, background and areas of strength in relevant subjects and german language. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials librarian for a major art museum library. responsibilities: acquisition, maintenance, cataloging (aacr 2 and rlin) for 1,400 current titles; general reference work. qualifications: ala/mls; ba in art history; demonstrated facility in two foreign languages; 2 years' experience in museum or university art library; serials experience preferred. salary from $12,000, based on qualifications and experience. apply with resume, salary history, names of three references to: j. p. brown, librarian, the cleveland museum of art, 11150 est boulevard, cleveland, oh 44106. assistant personnel librarian. to coordinate all recruitment for professional vacancies, including placing ads, scheduling interviews, and insuring compliance with affirmative action program. other duties: coordinating orientation and staff development programs, and assisting in developing and maintaining publications and manuals. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are excellent writing and speaking skills, initiative, imagination, excellent human relations skills, and the ability to work under pressure. preference will be given to applicants with some relevant personnel and/or supervisory experience. the position provides an excellent opportunity for someone interested in gaining a background and experience in library personnel administration. salary ranges: librarian i, $15,200-$l8,250; librarian ii, $17,200-$20,650. submit resume by september 30, listing three references and salary requirements, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university, 535 w. 114th street, new york, ny 10027. an eo/aa employer. catalogers (two temporary, one-year positions). responsible for original and some selected copy cataloging of monographs in art history and architecture, including supplmentary and difficult searching, bibliographic description, subject headings and assignment of call numbers, and authority work. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are a working knowledge of aacr2 rules and the lc classification, a reading knowledge of one romance and one germanic language, and an aptitude for analytical and detail work, as demonstrated through previous relevant experience and/or superior performance in a formal course in cataloging. preference will be given to applicants with a strong background in art and architectural history and current trends in contemporary art and city planning. salary ranges: librarian i, $15,200-$l8,250; librarian ii, $17,200-$20,650. submit resume by september 30, listing three references and salary requirements, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university, 535 w. 114th street, new york, ny 10027. an eo/aa employer. r e v ie w e r s p r a is e ea r e f e r e n c e and s u b s c r ip tio n books r e v ie w s : "indispensable. … as a result of the work's current and extensive coverage and the con­ tinuing high demand for the type of data found in the encyclopedia o f as­ sociations, it remains one of the most useful and essential titles in any li­ brary’ s reference collection.” (book­ list, april 1, 1979) am erican r eference books an­ nual 1981: “ this is the only com­ prehensive source of detailed informa­ tion concerning american national, nonprofit membership organizations. … this well-known reference set is heavily used in almost all libraries.” 1982 edition just published! encyclopedia f associations 16th edition o over 90% of the entries in the 16th edition have been revised to reflect new addresses, phone numbers, executive names, or other important items of information. for over 25 years ea has been the standard reference book for locating those as­ sociations that information seekers turn to for highly qualified sources. the new, 1982 edition tells you exactly whom to write, phone, or visit for information too fresh to appear in books and periodicals. vol. 1 • national o rganizations of the u .s . describes 15,400 organizations in 17 subject categories. en­ tries give official name of group, popular name or acronym, address, phone number, chief executive, number of members, committees, publications, convention schedule, and more. w ith massive 4 7 ,0 0 0 -lin e keyw ord/alphabetical index. 1,600pp. isbn 0-8103-0144-x. $135.00. v ol. 2 • g eographic and executive indexes listings in both indexes give organization name, chief execu­ tive, address, phone number, and the entry number of the more detailed organization entry in volume 1. 900pp. isbn 0-8103-0145-8. $120.00. vol. 3 • n e w associations and projects an inter-edition, cumulatively indexed supplement that re­ ports on new groups concerned with the latest problems and ideas. isbn 0-8103-0130-x. subscription, $135.00. ea is available on standing order. (5% discount fo r standing orders.) all gale books are sent on 90-day approval. customers outside the u.s. and canada add 10%. acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 508 / cirrl news the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted wifi be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in cr&l news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in cr&l news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising d e p ’t, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, \l 60611; (312) 944-6780. positions open art and architecture librarian. manages the art and a r­ chitecture library which provides library services to users in the school of architecture, school of fine arts, and the department of art and archaeology; performs bibliographic duties and is responsi­ ble for collection development in related subject areas; works in gen eratreference services; performs online searches in humanities databases. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; degree in art or architecture; reading knowledge of german, italian or french; academic library experience, preferably in public services; knowledge of online searching, preferably in brs or dia­ log; supervisory experience with the ability to make independent judgements and to organize work. send letter of application, re­ sume, and three letters of reference to: virginia f. toliver, director of library personnel and administrative services, washington univer­ sity libraries, st. louis, mo 63130 by october 31,1984. washington university is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. assistant catalog librarian. search reopened faculty, tenure-track position. catalogs serials, music, and av; supervises subject and series authority work. cataloging experience, knowl­ edge of aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, marc format essential. required: mls from an ala-accredited program, three years’ expe­ rience. appointment at assistant librarian or above (equivalent to as­ sistant professor). minimum salary: $20,000 depending on educa­ tion and experience. university of south alabama libraries are a member of soliniet/oclc and operate notis, an integrated li barary system, with an online catalog. benefits include: 20 days’ va­ cation, university-subsidized insurance, state retirement, tiaa/ cref option. submit resume and names of three references by oc­ tober 31, 1984, to: patricia g. ramage, chair, university library search committee, library administration, the university of south alabama, mobile, al 36688. an eeo/aa employer, assistant cataloger, department of bibliographic control, tennessee tech university libraries. responsible for member input and original cataloging, assist with catalog maintenance and aacr2 changes, assist with online catalog maintenance, and retrospective conversion. duties will include cataloging of monographs and some media materials. requirements: ala/mls, knowledge of lc classifi­ cation and lc subject headings. ability to use all oclc formats and knowledge of aacr2 required. experience in cataloging print and non-print materials desirable. evidence of involvement in profes­ sional association activities desirable. salary and benefits: $15,000 minimum; tiaa/cref; health and life insurance; 24 days annual leave; faculty status, tenure-track. letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of four references to: su­ san lafever, coordinator of bibliographic control, university li­ brary, tennessee tech university, box 5066, cookeville, tn 38505. applications must be postmarked by october 30, 1984. appoint­ ment may begin as early as january 1,1985. aa/eoe. applications from minorities especially welcome. assistant director for collection development. under the general direction of the director of libraries, responsible for development, implementation, coordination and evaluation of the library’s general collection; recommending allocation of and moni­ toring the current materials budget of $2.37 million; supervising cd staff of three bibliographers and four fte support staff; maintaining close liaison with university administration and faculty regarding aca­ demic planning and research needs; negotiating the acquisition of special purchases and gifts as required; serving as library resource for trends in new technologies, bibliographic utilities and networks as they apply to collection development access and management; par­ ticipating in general administration of the library. required: ala accredited mls degree with responsible and appropriate experi­ ence; evidence of understanding the scholarly communication process, faculty and student needs and state-of-the-art collection de­ velopment in an arl library environment; evidence of analytic skills necessary to evaluate the collection and to access control needs through fiscal and budgeting operations; evidence of managerial skills, strong interpersonal skills, and effectiveness in communica­ tion, both orally and in writing. preferred: experience with consor­ tium or network impact on collection development; record of active professional involvement; competency in foreign languages. salary negotiable dependent upon qualifications, experience, and rank ($25,000 minimum). review of applications will begin october 31, 1984. apply to: sharon a. hogan, director, middleton library, loui­ siana state university, baton rouge, la 70803. lsu is an equal em­ ployment university. assistant director for special collections. (new position.) under the general direction of the library director, the as­ sistant director for special collections will have administrative re­ sponsibility for the hill memorial library and its collections. these collections encompass primary research materials including rare books, louisiana, and natural history materials, historical and literary manuscripts, photographs, works of art, memorabilia, and the pa­ pers of russell b. long. the assistant director will assume a leader­ ship role in planning, implementing, coordinating and evaluating special collections, services, and programs. he/she will be responsi­ ble for the administration of a staff of 6 librarians and 7 fte support staff; for formulating special collection development policy, and gift and acquisition programs in support of university research needs; and for promoting use of special collections by the scholarly commu­ nity. the assistant director will play a key role in library fund-raising activities by working with the friends of the library and with other organizations and individuals and will participate in general adminis­ tration of the library. r equired: mls degree from an ala accredited library school; responsible and appropriate experience; evidence of managerial skills, strong interpersonal skills and effec­ tiveness in communication; knowledge of the policies governing scholarly use of special collections, the principles of preservation, the rare books market, and the processing, cataloging, and indexing of rare books, ephemeral materials, manuscripts and archives. pre­ ferred: experience with special collections in an academic research environment; interest in applying computer technology to manage­ ment of special collections; working knowledge of foreign lan­ guages, especially french and spanish; and a record of active pro­ fession al in volvem ent. salary: neg o tia b le d e p e n d in g upon october 1984 / 509 qualifications, experience and rank ($25,000 minimum). review of applications will begin october 31, 1984, apply to: sharon a. ho­ gan, director, middleton library, louisiana state university, baton rouge, la 70803. lsu is an equal employment university. assistant head of original cataloging. responsible for training and supervision of non-professional staff, for original cat­ aloging of books and non-book materials according to aacr 2, lc classification and subject headings, and oclc systems require­ ments, and for maintenance of public catalogs. qualifications: ala accredited mls. second master’s degree desirable. cataloging ex­ perience in an academic library and sound reading knowledge of one or more european languages are strongly preferred. appoint­ ment rank and salary commensurate with qualifications and experi­ ence. minimum starting salary: $18,500. position available immedi­ ately. lette r of a p p lic a tio n , resum e, and thre e letters of recommendation will be accepted through october 20,1984, or until position is filled, and should be directed to: donald l. saporito, di­ rector of libraries, university of southwestern louisiana, 302 e. st. mary blvd, lafayette, la 70503. usl is an equal opportunity, affirm­ ative action employer. assistant librarian for public services, the ambrose swasey library of c olgate rochester divinity school/bexley hall/crozer theological seminary and st. bernard’s institute, roch­ ester, new york. responsibilities include the maintenance of a dy­ namic reference program, the management of the reference collec­ tion and index table, the design of present and future library catalogs, the development and execution of a program of biblio­ graphic instruction, and the supervision of the circulation staff as well as some student assistants. requirements: m.div. or equivalent from ats-accredited seminary; mls from a la-accredited library school, at least three years of experience in reference services in an aca­ demic library. position available december 1, 1984. salary range: $17,000-$19,000; benefits. send letter of application, resume, and the names/addressesof four references to: norman j. kansfield, di­ rector of library services, colgate rochester divinity school/bexley hall/crozer theological seminary and st. bernard’s institute, 1100 south goodman street, rochester, ny 14620. an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. assistant university librarian for systems and planning. the university of arizona library seeks applicants to fill a new position in systems and planning. the person filling this va­ cancy will have responsibility for continuing development of an inte­ grated online system, as well as responsibility for more general plan­ ning activity, including chairing the library’s planning council, participating as a member of the administrative group and direc­ ti ng/coordinati ng existing automated services. the aul for systems and planning reports to the university librarian. this new division of the library will have, initially, a small staff but is expected to grow quickly with a possible significant increase in size next fiscal year. applicants must have an mls from an ala-accredited library school as well as five years professional experience in large, academic li­ braries. ability to communicate clearly in both written and oral forms is essential. preference will be given to persons with degrees and/or experience in computer/information science, planning, systems, and related disciplines, as well as to persons with successful supervi­ sory experience or experience in technical services. salary range: $35,000-$45,000 annually and the position is open immediately. application deadline is november 15,1984. librarians at the univer­ sity of arizona have academic professional status with privileges equivalent to the teaching faculty, twelve-month appointments (eligi­ ble for continuing status), 22 days annual vacation, 10 university holi­ days, and several health-care and retirement plans. to apply send a resume, including the names of three references, to: w. david laird, university librarian, a349 main library, university of arizona, tuc­ son, az 85721. the university of arizona is an eeo/aa employer. assistant librarian for technical services, the am brose swasey library of colgate rochester divinity school/bexley hall/crozer theological seminary and st. bernard’s institute, roch­ ester, new york. responsibilities include original cataloging, staff su­ pervision of acquisitions, cataloging serials and binding, some su­ pervision of student assistants. requirem ents: mls from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of modern european lan­ guages (sufficient for cataloging purposes); knowledge of lc classi­ fication and subject headings, aacr 2, marc formats, and oclc terminal; background in theology or religion desirable; program­ matic skills expected. salary range: $17,000-$19,000; good fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume, and the names/ad dresses of four references to: norman j. kansfield, director of li­ brary services, colgate rochester divinity school/bexley hall/cro­ zer theological seminary and st. bernard’s institute, 1100 south goodman street, rochester, ny 14620. an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. a s s o c ia t e d ir e c t o r o f u n iv e r s it y l ib r a r ie s case western reserve university university libraries, an arl member, is composed of sears and freiberger libraries and is the targest unit in the case western reserve university library system, housing the collections in the humanities and arts, social and behavioral sciences, engineering, science, management, and music. the collection con tains over 1,500,000 items (bound volumes, government documents, and microforms) and includes over 7,000 current serial subscriptions. the staff includes 33 professionals and 44 non-professionals. the responsibilities of this newly-created position will include: coordination of the activities of the public services (including collection development), technical services, and administrative units; participation in the development and preparation of grant proposals; development of an effective research sharing pro gram, both within and without the university; working with the director on the development of long-range budget, space and automation plans for the university libraries. qualifications for this position include a graduate degree in library science from an accredited ala ii brary school; active involvement in and commitment to research, publishing, and professional activities; in depth knowledge of academic library organization and functions, including library automation; and sub stantive administrative experience preferably in a comparable academic research institution. minimum salary: $35,000. send letter of application, resume, and names of three professional references to: mary devocht berges, department of human resources, case western reserve university, 10900 euclid ave nue, cleveland oh 44106, by november 1 ,1 984 case western reserve university is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. 510 / c&rl news assistant special collections librarian. university of nevada, las vegas. (search reopened.) special collections con­ tains materials pertaining to southern nevada, the gaming industry, culinary arts, and the unlv archives. responsibilities: acquire, ar­ range, describe and provide access to nevada manuscript collec­ tions and archival records of unlv; develop the nevada collection; participate in the reference desk and exhibit schedule of the depart­ ment; and perform other duties as assigned. qualifications: ala accredited degree and formal archive and/or manuscript training re­ quired; effective com munication skills, ability to establish and maintain harmonious working relationships with co-workers, donors and patrons, and to organize, analyze and plan efficiently essential; experience in processing archives, personal papers, or u.s. political or historic manuscripts preferred; advanced subject degree in u.s. history or political science desired. minimum salary: $17,000. fac­ ulty status, 12-month appointment, 24 days vacation, fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume, names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references by october 31, 1984, to: mary dale deacon, director of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, 4505 maryland parkway, las vegas, nv 89154. the university of nevada, las vegas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action, title ix, 504, 402 employer. business/engineering library, assistant depart­ ment head. developing and implementing innovative information services for the faculty and students of the amos tuck school of business and the thayer school of engineering at dartmouth col­ lege will be the challenge of the person selected to fill this position. the individual we are seeking will be capable of working as part of a team providing information services in a technologically sophisti­ cated library environment utilizing the dartmouth online catalog; rlin; oclc; online database vendors such as brs, dialog, i.p. sharp, dow jones, and nexis; as well as microcomputers. under the general direction of the business/engineering librarian, the as­ sistant business/engineering librarian’s responsibilities include su­ pervision of the interlibrary loan assistant, participation in collection development, consultation with faculty to determine instructional and research needs and the provision of reference services includ­ ing bibliographic instruction and online searching. feldberg library has a staff of three professionals and five staff and is one of eight li­ braries in the dartmouth college library system. qualifications: ala/mls, educational background in one of the fields of business, engineering, or economics, a minimum of three years of post mls experience in an academic or special library and online database searching experience in bibliographic and numeric files are rea s s o c ia t e u n iv e r s it y l ib r a r ia n fo r p u b l ic s e r v ic e s arizona state university the arizona state university libraries are seeking candidates for the newly created position of associate university librarian for public services. the successful candidate will report to university librarian donald e. riggs, be responsible for the leadership and management of all public service units, and participate in overall library planning and policy formulation. required qualifications include an ala-accredited mls degree; successful administrative experience at the department head level or above in public services in a university library; a minimum of seven years’ progressively responsible experience in an academic/research library; demonstrated leadership qualities; strong analytic, communication and interpersonal skills; experience in creating and implementing new public service programs; knowledge of the latest issues and trends in academic librarianship; knowledge of bibliographic instruction and online systems; evidence of university service, research and/or participa­ tion in professional associations. preferred experience: fiscal, personnel and other administrative responsi­ bility in two or more public service areas; supervision of a large staff; involvement in both undergraduate and graduate programs in an arl library. arizona state university and its libraries: asu’s mission is to continue development as a major research university and to become competitive with the best public universities in the nation. toward that end, the libraries have experienced dynamic growth during the past five years, adding 55 new positions and increasing the materials budget from $1.7 million to the current $3.1 million. a new science and engi­ neering library was occupied in 1983, and the other libraries are being remodeled. the libraries are creat­ ing a total online integrated system using tandem hardware and data phase software. collections total 1.8 million volumes and 1.6 million microform units. of the 243 fte staff, 127 are employed in public services. membership is held in arl, crl, amigos, and oclc. the total budget is $7 million. asu, with 40,000 students, is the nation’s 6th largest university and is looted near phoenix, the nation’s 9th largest city. salary: $40,000 minimum, depending on qualifications. tiaa-cref or state retirement plan; annual paid leave of 22 days’ vacation; 12 days’ sick leave and 10 holidays; tuition remission for employee and family at all three arizona universities. librarians serve on university governance committees and are eligible for continuing employment status and sabbatical leave. applicants must include documentation or evidence of specific qualifications and short statements (no more than 2 pages each) concerning (a) their philosophy of public service and (b) what new public service programs they have implemented and are interested in implementing. send letter of application, resume, supporting documents, and a list of four recent references to: constance corey, assistant university librarian, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287. a copy of the complete posi­ tion description is available upon request. recruitment will remain open until the position is filled. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by october 2 9 ,198 4, when review will begin. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities are encouraged to apply. october 1984 / 511 quìred. experience with library applications of microcomputers is highly desirable. salary and rank commensurate with experience and qualifications with a minimum salary of $18,500 for a librarian ii or $22,500 for a librarian iii. please send resume before october 31,1984, to: phyllis e. jaynes, director of user services, 115 baker library, dartmouth college, hanover, nh 03755. dartmouth col­ lege is an aa/eeo/m/f employer. catalog librarian. search continued. responsible for the general operations and specific activities of cataloging department and for development of cataloging policies and procedures which support service goals of the library. required: ala-accredited mls, familiarity with aacr2, oclc, lc classification and subject headings. five years’ experience in cataloging; european lan guage(s) facility desirable. deadline for applications is october 31, 1984. screening begins immediately. salary: $22,000 minimum. send application and three letters of reference to: w. robert woerner, library director, ithaca college, danby road, ithaca, new york 14850. aa/eoe. catalog librarian. responsible under head of original cata­ loging for the cataloging of monographs and serials in all formats in history, political science, economics and business. mls from an ala-accredited program. working knowledge of at least one foreign language; cyrillic and/or japanese also desirable. knowledge of lc classification schedules, subject headings, aacr2 and marc for­ mats. experience with retrospective conversion of bibliographic rec­ ords is desirable, as is experience in the cataloging department of a research library; knowledge of oclc procedures and formats is de­ sirable. salary: $15,500 minimum or higher depending on qualifica­ tions. apply by december 1, 1984. send resumes to: peggy weis sert, library personnel officer, 221 memorial library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556. catalog librarian. point loma nazarenecollege. primary re­ sponsibilities include original and oclc cataloging and the supervi­ sion of two paraprofessionals. includes reference desk duty (with some evening and weekend hours), participation in collection devel­ opment and bibliographic instruction. oualifications: ala/mls, ex­ perience with aacr2 and dewey. knowledge of oclc, or a compa­ rable online system. christian commitment and membership in an evangelical church. salary: $15,000-$25,000. tiaa/cref. send application, resume, and three current references by november 1 to: james d. newburg, director of learning services, point loma nazarene college, 3900 lomaland drive, san diego, ca, 92106. catalog librarian. librarian i (instructor), target level. re­ sponsibilities: interpretation and implementation of aacr2, lcsh, ddc, marc formats, and lc cataloging practice; assistance in de­ termination of cataloging and catalog maintenance policy and pro­ cedures; oclc cataloging operations including regular and retro­ spective conversion activities; syndetic structure of the catalog; original cataloging of printed materials; training personnel; some ref­ erence duties. oualifications: master’s degree from ala-accredited program required. preference will be given to applicants with a sec­ ond master’s degree in a subject area. experience relevant to the position and competence in a modern romance language desir­ able. salary: dependent on education and experience. minimum of $16,500 for nine-month appointment at rank of librarian i with mls and second master’s degree. summer conditional upon library needs. application deadline: november 10,1984, send letter of ap­ plication, resume, transcripts, and three current letters of reference to: james zink, director, kent library, southeast missouri state uni­ versity, cape girardeau, mo 63701. an equal opportunity, m-f, af­ firmative action employer. catalog librarian for middle eastern and south asian languages. (search reopened). the university of ar­ izona library is seeking an experienced professional catalog librar­ ian to be responsible for the original cataloging of monographs and serials in middle eastern and south asian languages. the majority of the south asian language materials are cataloged on oclc. the near eastern language materials are cataloged manually using both printed cards and original cataloging. other cataloging responsibilic h ie f , h u m a n it ie s a n d h is t o r y d iv is io n columbia university libraries (search reopened) this position has primary responsibility for the public services activities and operations of one of three major divisions, including columbia univesity’s major collection of over 1.5 million volumes in the humani­ ties and history and pre-1974 social sciences. the division includes butler library, which houses the in­ structional and sls libraries, and the music, paterno, and school of library service libraries. the incum­ bent will report directly to the director of the library services group and is expected to ensure the effective continuation of current service activities while continuing the development of innovative services and pro­ grams, including: exploration with faculty of new approaches to information services; expanding access to computer-based data systems; and developing the application of video, audio-visual, and computer based bibliographic instruction. the incumbent is also responsible for coordinating, with the staff of the resources group, collection development objectives to ensure an effective program of collection building, organization, and preservation. requirements for the position: accredited mls or equivalent relevant experience required, graduate subject degree desirable. demonstrated evidence of imagination, leadership, and managerial skills are essential and will be sought in all cases. knowledge and understanding of the process of scholarly com­ munication and of the complexities of a major research library are also essential. candidates with five years administrative experience in pertinent areas of library operations will be sought, with special attention given to responsibility for public service activities. salary ranges: librarian ii: $29,500-$38,350; librarian iii: $32,500-$47,125. applications or nominations should be submitted in writing to: box 35, butler library, columbia uni­ versity libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, new york 10027. deadline for applications is october 2 6 ,198 4 an eaual odoortunitv. affirmative action emolover. 512 / c&r l news ties include supervising the copy cataloging by student assistants; serving on a catalog information desk; active participation in estab­ lishing policies and procedures for the catalog department. the middle eastern catalog librarian reports to the head of the catalog department and serves as a department liaison to the oriental stud­ ies collection. the university of arizona is a member of oclc through the amigos network. automated methods of cataloging non-roman materials are being explored. requirements include: ala-accredited library degree; working experience in a research li­ brary with aacr2, lc classification, and lcsh; experience with oclc or a similar utility; ability to transliterate using lc romanization tables. primary language skill should be arabic. ability to catalog materials in hindi, urdu, persian and pushto is also desired. profes­ sional librarians at the university of arizona are academic profes­ sionals and voting members of the faculty have, 12-month appoint­ ments, earn 22 vacation days a year, and 12 days of sick leave. the beginning professional salary is $16,500; a higher salary can be ne­ gotiated depending on qualifications and experience. send letter of application, resume and names of three references by november 30, 1984, to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of ar­ izona library, tucson, az 85721. the university of arizona is an eeo/aa employer. circulation librarian. responsible for supervising general circulation, reserves, and interlibrary loans. directs staff of 4 full-time and 2 part-time non-professionals, and 35 student assistants. sched­ ule may include some evening and weekend hours. requires an ala-accredited mls, and appropriate supervisory experience. col­ lection management experience and familiarity with automated li­ brary systems desirable. salary: $16,500 plus depending on experi­ ence. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references by november 15, 1984, to: mary j. cronin, director of libraries, loyola university of chicago, 6525 n. sheridan road, chicago, il 60626. loyola university of chicago is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. collection development librarian. university of arkan­ sas at little rock. responsible for selection of all formats of materials to support curricula; coordination of selector activity; coordination of planning and analysis of collection development and collection man­ agement policies and procedures. participates in budget allocation; collection evaluation; use and user studies; policies and decisions c o o r d in a t o r o f p u b l ic s e r v ic e s tennesseeteeh university position available january 1, 1984. require­ ments: ala/mls with preference given to candi­ date with second masters; minimum of 5 years ex­ perience in various aspects of public service; prior supervisory experience preferred. one of four ma­ jor division heads responsible for a faculty of four and support staff of five. major responsibilities for services interpretation and public relations. letter of application, resume, and telephone numbers of four references to: edward d. garten director of libraries tennessee tech university box 5066 cookeville, tn 38505 applications must be postmarked b y ocluŭüí 38 ̂ 1984j minimum of $23,592; excellent benefit package; tiaa/cref or state retirement. tennessee tech is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. regarding storage, weeding, conservation, and serials manage­ ment. some night and weekend work should be expected. prefer strong academic background in history; archival experience; serials management; demonstrated skill at oral and written communica­ tions; and ability to work effectively with all levels of library employ­ ees, donors, patrons, and faculty members. requirements include ala/mls and three years of post-mls reference or collection devel­ opment experience with upper-level academic materials and ser­ vices. minimum salary: $20,000. the position is open now. position is faculty-rank, tenure-track, 12-month, full-time with good fringe benefits including up to 6%-matched tiaa/cref. send resume and names of three references (with their current titles, addresses, and phone numbers) who have observed human relationships and pro­ fessional abilities to: library search committee, c/o kathy essary, chair of recruitment committee, university of arkansas at little rock, 33rd and university ave.s little rock, ar 72204. an eeo/aa employer. collection management librarian (search reopened). faculty position in an urban university with academic and medical campuses. requires ala-accredited mls and minimum three years experience, preferably in collection development, with degree or background in the social sciences. responsible for coordination and development of collections to support curricula in broad areas of the social sciences in the schools of social work, education, community and public affairs and the college of the humanities and sciences. librarian has major responsibility for making and maintaining faculty contacts. must be able to work well with faculty, donors, students, and colleagues. salary commensurate with qualifications and expe­ rience but will not be less than $18,000. faculty rank and usual fringe benefits. send resume and names of three references by october 15 to: janet dalberto, chair, search committee, university library ser­ vices, virginia commonwealth university, 901 park ave, richmond, va 23284-0001. vcu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. conservation officer. responsibilities: responsible for the leadership and management of the conservation program for the en­ tire library system (excluding the medical, dental, and law li­ braries). plans, manages, and evaluates program components, which include: commercial binding operations, in-house mending and tem porary binding, disaster preparedness, staff and user awareness, book-condition surveys, brittle book management (re­ placement, reproduction, etc.). plans for the best use of the library’s integrated system (notis) for m anaging conservation matters. helps monitor library’s environmental conditions. coordinates the use of the cuneo restoration laboratory with the curator of special collections. oversees preservation microfilming. manages the com­ mercial binding budget ($131,000 in fy 1985). qualifications: dem­ onstrated management skills. training in preservation administration and hands-on conservation techniques; formal training preferred. accredited mls preferred. ability to communicate effectively orally and in w ritin g . a va ila b le : f eb ru a ry 1, 1985. salary range: $20,000-$25,000. to apply, send letter of application and resume, including names of three references, to: lance query, director of li­ brary research, analysis, and personnel, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60201. applications received by november 30,1984, will be considered. an eeo-aa employer. documents librarian. the government documents depart­ ment of the stanford university libraries is seeking a librarian for the position of acquisition and bibliographic control division head. re­ sponsible for developing, implementing and monitoring a govern­ ment documents technical service program. as state and local docu­ ments bibliographer, selects appropriate documents and performs other collection development tasks. we require an mls; proven abil­ ity to analyze, evaluate, and improve workflow processes; technical service experience related to government documents; effective su­ pervisory experience; ability to provide document reference service; ability to communicate effectively, both orally and in writing; and the ability to interact with a variety of people. beginning salary range $28,000-$37,200 annually. send application/resume before no­ vember 15, 1984, to: carolyn j. henderson, library personnel offi­ cer, green library, stanford, ca 94305. cite number 256 on all cor­ respondence. we are an equal opportunity em ployer through affirmative action. documents librarian. required qualifications: mls (ala accredited, or equivalent); a degree in education, psychology, a sci­ ence or a social science; familiarity with documents classification october 1984 / 513 and processing routines; in-depth knowledge of u.s. federal docu­ ments and of state documents; general knowledge of international documents; demonstrated ability to organize simple but effective op­ erational systems; demonstrable experience in planning and imple­ menting successful programs; reference experience in an academic setting. preferred qualifications: training and/or experience in data­ base searching; microcomputer applications to library systems. as­ signment: plans, develops, and supervises support staff in a newly established documents department and collection in a subject divided library; future emphases will focus on streamlining process­ ing operations and upon simplifying access procedures; performs subject specific reference duties in appropriate reference area, in­ cluding some evenings and weekends; performs database search­ ing and collection development as appropriate. appointment: assis­ tant or senior assistant librarian (tenure-track), twelve-month, $1502-$2406/month, depending upon qualifications. generous benefits package. send letter of application, resume and list of three references, postmarked by october 29, 1984, to: charles martell, california state university library, sacramento, 2000 jed smith drive, sacramento, ca 95819. an equal opportunity employer. extended campus services librarian. (new position.) responsible for overall administration and provision of services of the schaffner library which serves the university college (a degree­ granting unit of the university providing adult continuing education) and other extension programs on northwestern’s chicago campus. development of innovative public service programs including biblio­ graphic instruction, online searching, and microcomputer-based services for continuing education students on the chicago and evanston campuses is a significant component of this new position. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree; at least two years rele­ vant experience in academic library reference service, including bib­ liographic instruction and online searching; familiarity with a broad range of library computer applications and general administrative is­ sues in academic libraries. good communication skills, both oral and in writing, essential. experience with library services for non tra d itio n a l stu d e n t pro g ra m s is h ig h ly d e sira b le . salary: $20,000-$22,000. send letter of application and resume, including the names of three references, to: lance query, director of library research, analysis, and personnel, northwestern university li­ brary, evanston, il 60201. an eeo/aa employer. applications re­ ceived by november 15, 1984, will be considered. government documents/microforms librarian. un der the general supervision of the head of reference. responsible for the selection, organization and user services of the government documents collection, and supervision of current newspapers and microforms. may be required to work at the reference desk, includ­ ing some night and weekend work. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited school or equivalent; at least three years profes­ sional experience as governm ent documents librarian; dem on­ strated ability to effectively supervise and communicate. rank: li­ brarian ii. minimum salary: $17,200. liberal benefits including tuition exemption and 22 days vacation. twelve-month academic appointd e p u t y u n iv e r s it y l ib r a r ia n a n d a s s o c ia t e d e a n university of southern california the university of southern california invites applications and nominations for the position of deputy uni­ versity librarian and associate dean. usc is a private, urban university with approximately 25,000 national and international students in undergraduate, graduate and professional disciplines. the university librar­ ian and dean is the chief administrative officer for a library system consisting of doheny main library and 11 branches, with five independent libraries, and reports to the provost. the aggregate holdings total in excess of 2.2 million volumes and 1.4 million microforms, and there is a staff of 50 librarians, and approxi­ mately 300 support personnel. responsibilities: serve as the deputy administrator responsible for day-to-day operations, reporting di­ rectly to the university librarian; provide bold and imaginative leadership in enhancing a major research university library system, utilizing traditional as well as new and innovative technologies; participate in plan­ ning and evaluating policies and procedures which support the university’s academic objectives and pro­ grams; implement further appropriate information technologies; maintain close communication between the various library departments, branches, and their respective heads; supervise all library personnel; co­ ordinate the activities and supervise the library administrative personnel; assist in planning and directing the library budget; administer the library personnel process, and other duties as assigned by the university librarian. qualifications: an appropriate advanced degree, preferably a doctorate in an extablished discipline, or an accredited mls, plus a second graduate degree; extensive experience relevant to the design, develop­ ment, and operation of a substantial academic/research library; demonstrated understanding of the re­ sponsibilities of a library system that meets the needs of those engaged in teaching, research, and scholarly activities in a university; knowledge of current trends and applications of library information technologies; proven leadership and motivational abilities; superior communication skills; demonstrated success as an advocate within a university or related community, within a library community; evidence of continuous growth through scholarly publication and active participation in the individual discipline and/or profession. salary range: $55,000-$64,500. send letters of nomination or application (with resume and three professional letters of reference) to: chair, deputy university librarian search committee, office of the provost, adm 102, university of southern california, los angeles, ca 90089-4019, attention: janet k. chaudhuri, assistant provost. review of applications begins on november 1, 1984. date of appointment effective july 1, 1985. usc is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. 514 / c&rl news ment. position available immediately. closing date for applications: october 15, 1984. please forward resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: kate maniscalco, admin­ istrative assistant, tulane university library, new orleans, la 70118. an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. head, architecture and allied arts library. univer­ sity of oregon. assistant professor, or higher. responsible for devel­ oping and administering policies for a&aa library, coordinating and providing reference services, online information retrieval, course related bibliographic instruction, and collection development. su­ pervise staff of 5 and student employees. mls required, plus degree in one of the following: architecture, interior architecture, landscape architecture, urban & regional planning, art history, art education, fine and applied arts. administrative and supervisory ability, analyti­ cal skills, strong oral and written communication skills, and demon­ strated leadership qualities essential. prefer progressively responsi­ ble experience in a research library and a reading knowledge of a foreign language. salary: $27,000 minimum for 12-month appoint­ ment, plus fringe benefits. submit letter of application, resume and names of four references by november 9, 1984, to: thomas a. stave, personnel librarian, university of oregon library, eugene, or 97403-1299. an aa/eo employer. head, architecture and environmental design li­ brary at arizona state university (search extended). the library is located within the college of the same name and is staffed by one professional (the head), one paraprofessional, and student assis­ tants, the librarian reports to the associate university librarian for public services and is responsible for management of the branch, collection development, reference and research assistance, biblio­ graphic instruction, and liaison with the college and the main library. asu, the nation’s sixth largest public university, is celebrating its centennial year with the theme, “ excellence for a new century.” re­ quired qualifications: ala-accredited mls; at least two years’ public service experience in an academic or research library; demons p e c ia l c o l l e c t io n s d ir e c t o r the university of toledo carlson library the university of toledo seeks applications for special collections director in the ward m. cana day center for research and use of rare books and special collections. duties: general adminis­ tration, collection development, manuscripts proc­ essing, reference, preservation, and public rela­ tions. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited school and/or three to five years’ experience in an academic special collections department. second graduate degree (preferably ph.d) in humanities and working knowledge of american/english litera­ ture also required. proven administrative abilities, strong oral and written communication skills, and public relations talents very important. faculty sta­ tus in the university libraries; 12-month contract. salary: up to $27,000 depending on qualifications. available now. before november 1, 1984, send resume and names of three references to: leslie w. s h erid an , c hair, s earch c o m m itte e, carlson library, the university of toledo, 2801 w. bancroft street, toledo, oh 43606. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. strated managerial, communication and interpersonal skills; subject expertise in one or more of the fields of architecture, art history, inte­ rior design, landscape architecture, urban design, and city planning. preferred: administrative experience in a branch, unit or depart­ ment, preferably in an academic library. salary: dependent on quali­ fications and experience ($21,000 minimum). send letter of applica­ tion which addresses each of the qualifications listed above, a current resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, assistant university librarian, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287, by october 29, 1984 (postmark accepted). copies of the complete announcement of vacancy may be requested from the same person. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities are encouraged to apply. head, au to m a ted info rm atio n retrieval service (airs), reference division. search extended duties: re sponsible for general operation of airs, including supervision of as­ sistant head of airs and one secretary. c onducts literature searches in broad range of subject areas. develops and supervises the library’s programs of computerized reference services, includ­ ing planning, faculty and staff training, user instruction, public rela­ tions, scheduling, and evaluation. supervises, through the assistant head of airs, the management and fiscal aspects of the service. co­ ordinates work and evaluates searching performance of five to eight reference librarians and staff who are assigned part-time to airs program. works at reference desk approximately five hours per w eek. a ssists with b ib lio g ra p h ic in s tru ctio n . q ualifica tio n s: ala/mls. minimum of three years professional (post-mls) experi­ ence in public services in an academic library. minimum of three years experience utilizing online bibliographic databases, including comprehensive knowledge of dialog and brs and substantial knowledge of other systems such as sdc, nlm, recon, rlin, westlaw, lexis/nexis, infoline, and nih/epa. previous su­ pervisory experience required; advanced subject degree desirable. salary: minimum $19,000; negotiable. closing date for applications: november 1,1984, or until suitable applicant is found. for additional information and to apply, contact: susan s. lytle, head, personnel operations, university library, texas a&m university, college sta­ tion, tx 77843. telephone (409) 845-8111. an aa/eeo employer. head government documents librarian. university of nevada, las vegas. (search reopened.) duties: coordinating the reference service, collection development, acquisitions and biblio­ graphic control for federal, state, local and international documents; supervising two classified staff and several student assistants; devel­ oping goals and objectives for the government documents collec­ tion; producing bibliographic guides; performing library orienta tion/instruction and online searching; and preparing and monitoring a budget for the unit. serves as member of the library administrative council. requirements: ala-accredited mls; demonstrated super­ visory, planning and communication skills; knowledge of federal and international organization documents; and the ability to relate harmo­ niously with users and staff. full-time professional experience in a federal depository documents collection essential. understanding of online searching and an advanced degree are desirable. minimum salary: $21,000. tenure-track, faculty status, 12-month appoint­ ment, 24 days vacation, fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three refer­ ences by november 15,1984, to: mary dale deacon, director of li­ braries, university of nevada, las vegas, 4505 maryland parkway, las vegas, nv 89154. the university of nevada, las vegas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action, title ix, 504, 402 employer. head, monograph cataloging. university of cincinnati li­ braries. (search reopened: salary upgraded.) responsible for orga­ nizing and supervising the work of the monograph cataloging and classification unit of the central processing catalog department, for formulating policies and coordinating monograph cataloging done by members of other units, and for some original cataloging. reports to the head of the catalog department. supervises librarians, sup­ port staff and students assigned to the monograph cataloging unit and coordinates procedures for monograph cataloging done by staff in other units (includes all marc formats except serials). may act as head of the department when latter is absent. plans are un­ derway to automate the cataloging and circulation functions of the libraries. bus software for the online catalog will be loaded in late fall, 1984. qualifications: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited program. minimum of three years cataloging expe­ rience using anglo-american cataloging rules, library of congress october 1984 / 515 classification schedules and subject headings; including two years experience working with the oclc system. demonstrated supervi­ sory and leadership ability. demonstrated ability to communicate clearly, both orally and in writing. demonstrated ability to work with other library staff at the support and unit/department head level. reading knowledge of one or more foreign languages. experience or demonstrable interest in assisting the public in the use of biblio­ graphic records. minimum salary: $18,000; rank and salary com­ mensurate with qualifications and experience. send resume with cover letter and names of three references, postmarked by october 31, 1984, to: sharon tuffendsam, libraries personnel officer, uni­ versity of cincinnati, cincinnati, oh 45221-0033. the university of cincinnati is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, rare books and special collections depart­ ment. administers, develops, and promotes the special collec­ tions, which feature the cordell collection of dictionaries (nearly 10,000 volumes representing the entire history of western lexicogra­ phy) and the eugene v. debs collection (manuscripts, pamphlets, and books). required: ala-accredited mls and an advanced de­ gree in the humanities or the social sciences, demonstrated leader­ ship ability with strong emphasis on interpersonal skills, creativity, demonstrated writing and speaking ability, and three years’ experi­ ence in libraries or related areas. desirable: ph.d; two years’ experi­ ence in rare books or a related field; proficiency in two languages, preferably one classical and one modern; and knowledge of analyti­ cal and descriptive bibliography and lexicography. salary: minimum $22,500, negotiable depending on qualifications and experience. twelve-month appointment, faculty status, attractive fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of three current references to: ron g. martin, chair­ person, library search committee, indiana state university, terre haute, in 47809. applications must be postmarked on or before oc­ tober 29, 1984, to ensure consideration. an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. head science-engineering librarian. the university of arizona is seeking a professional librarian to administer its science engineering library. responsibilities include supervision of 6.5 pro­ fessional librarians and 7 career staff members; administration of ref­ erence service, online searching, bibliographic instruction, and collection development; and supervision of the catalog maintenance office and the current periodicals and microforms room in the science-engineering library. the science-engineering library is a separate branch within the library system and houses 350,000 vol­ umes and over 1 million microforms covering all fields of the pure and applied sciences except clinical medicine. a land-grant univer­ sity with an enrollment of 31,000, the university of arizona is nation­ ally recognized for its scientific research and education programs and offers 51 doctoral programs in the sciences and engineering. applicants for this position must have an ala-accredited degree; demonstrated supervisory, plannning, and communication skills, and at least three years’ progressively responsible experience in an academic or special library public service area. candidates with substantial supervisory experience will be given preference. sci­ ence library experience, an academic background in the sciences, and knowledge of computers and library online systems are desir­ able. the position is available beginning march 1, 1985. minimum salary is $28,000; higher salary is negotiable depending on qualifica­ tions and experience. librarians at the university of arizona have ac­ ademic professional status, are voting members of the faculty, and may take up to 15 days’ professional leave per year. they have 22 days’ paid vacation, 12 days’ sick leave, and 10 holidays. a stan­ dard package of fringe benefits is available. by november 15, a let­ ter of application, resume, and names of three references should be sent to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. the university of arizona is an eeo/aa employer. head of technical services. university of arkansas at little rock. administers overall operations of collection development, cat­ aloging, and physical processing. responsible for coordination of bibliographic files throughout the library. some night and weekend work should be expected. qualifications include understanding of automated library systems; thorough knowledge of cataloging poli­ cies and procedures; demonstrated ability to plan and implement improved programs; demonstrated abilities in management; ability and willingness to communicate effectively and work well with all lev­ els of employees; stable employment background. an innovative li­ brarian with analytical skills is highly desirable. requirements in­ clude ala/mls and five years of relevant post-mls experience. minimum salary: $25,000. the position is open now. position is faculty-rank, tenure-track, 12-month, full-time with good fringe bene­ fits including up to 6°/o-matched tiaa/cref. send resume and names of three references (with their current titles, addresses, and phone numbers) who have observed human relationships and pro­ fessional abilities to: library search committee, c/o kathy essary, chair of recruitment committee, university of arkansas at little rock, 33rd and university ave., little rock, ar 72204. an eeo/aa employer. head of technical services. (librarian iii.) land-grant insti­ tution serving over 9,000 students and member of tri-cohege uni­ versity (north dakota state university, moorhead state university, concordia college) and minnesota state university system’s online catalog. position is responsible for the administration of all technical services operations (five professionals and 14 support staff), reports to the director and assists in library-wide planning and policy forma­ tion. qualifications include at least five years of progressively respon­ sible technical service experience in an academic library, mls de­ gree from an ala-accredited program, and successful experience in supervision and with automated library systems. needs to relate with sensitivity to staff at all levels and be responsive to needs and concerns of other library units. desirable qualifications include work in more than one technical services area and experience with oclc, aacr2, lc classification, and online catalogs. salary and benefits: $22,500 + doe; tiaa/cref; blue cross/blue shield. application deadline: november 15. submit letter of application, current re­ sume, and names and addresses of three references to: personnel office, north dakota state university, fargo, nd 58105. ndsu is an equal opportunity institution. head of textiles library at north carolina state university, school of textiles. duties include collection development, reference services, current awareness services, online search service, library instruction and library planning. supervise one professional assis­ tant and two clerical positions. the library collection includes 20,000 volumes, 860 serial titles and 422 media items in fields of textiles, chemistry and polymer science. qualifications: applicants must have an mls degree, experience in dialog searching, strong communication skills and demonstrated ability to organize and su­ pervise the work of a progressive department. a second master’s degree in the sciences is preferred. benefits: twenty-four working days vacation, twelve days sick leave, state retirement, group insur­ ance and hospitalization programs. position carries faculty status (non tenure-track). salary: $25,000 depending upon qualifications. apply before november 14, 1984, to: william c. lowe, chairman, search committee, d. h. hill library, north carolina state univer­ sity, box 7111, raleigh, nc 27695. include resume and names and addresses of three references. north carolina state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. instructional services librarian. point loma nazarene college. reference desk duty (some evening and weekend hours), database searching, and serving as liaison for bibliographic instruc­ tion and collection development with several academic depart­ ments. qualifications: ala/mls, some academic library experience. christian commitment and membership in an evangelical church. faculty rank, tiaa/cref. salary: $15,000-$25,000. send applica­ tion, resume, and three current references by november 1 to: james d. newburg, director of learning services, point loma nazerene college, 3900 lomaland drive, san diego, ca 92106. liaison officer. responsible for the activities to affect the intro­ duction, promotion, delivery and ongoing support of oclc prod­ ucts and services to the network and library community. this in­ volves work with the networks to assess library needs, information dissemination, and implementation of marketing and promotional plans. the position requires an mls degree and a minimum of 2 years in library automation and library/marketing capacities and a demonstrated knowledge of oclc products and services. good written and verbal communication skills are essential. position may require extensive travel. starting minimum salary: $21,475 or higher depending on experience and qualifications. submit a resume com­ plete with education, experience and salary history/expectations to: employment representative, oclc, inc., 6565 frantz rd., dublin, oh 43017. oclc is an equal opportunity employer. librarian in college history and archives collec­ tion, a department of the college library. second professional po­ 516 / c&rl news sition in the department. master’s degree in library science or re­ la ted d is c ip lin e s . e xp e rie n ce desira b le . h irin g range: $17,000-$21,000. position available december 1, 1984. applica­ tions, resumes, and names of three references by november 1, 1984, to: anne c. edmonds, college librarian, mount holyoke col­ lege library, south hadley, ma 01075. an equal opportunity, affirm­ ative action employer. library instruction librarian. required qualifications: mls (ala-accredited or equivalent); a degree in education, in psy­ chology, in a science or a social science; experience in library in­ struction and experience or training in database searching; demon­ strable planning and organizational skills; excellent interpersonal and communication skills (both written and oral). preferred qualifica­ tions: reference experience in an academic setting; familiarity with computer programming. assignment: coordinates present library in­ struction program while developing or expanding new components; plans and develops advanced approaches to library instruction that might include end-user database searching, computer-assisted learning and video productions. performs subject specific reference duties in appropriate reference area, including some evenings and weekends; performs database searching and collection develop­ ment as appropriate. appointment: assistant or senior assistant li­ brarian (tenure-track), twelve-month, $1502-$2406/month, depend­ ing upon qualifications. generous benefits package. send letter of application, resume and list of three references, postmarked by oc­ tober 29, 1984, to: charles martell, california state university li­ brary, sacramento, 2000 jed smith drive, sacramento, ca 95819. an equal opportunity employer. marketing representative i. position requires an ala accredited mls degree or an equivalent academic/experience com­ bination; an in-depth understanding of a variety of library environ­ ments; tw o to three years post-mls expe rience with library automation; and the ability to effectively communicate, both verbally and in writing, with a broad spectrum of individuals. previous experi­ ence in a sales related activity associated with computerized sys­ tems (preferably library systems) is a definite plus. incumbent repre­ sents the c o rp o ra tio n w ith respect to pro m o tio n , sales and after-the-sale contacts in relation to product offerings in the local li­ brary systems class to defined customer group(s). salary minimum for this position is $21,475 or higher depending on experience and qualifications. please submit resume complete with salary expecta tions/history to: employment representative, oclc, inc., 6565 frantz rd., dublin, oh 43017. oclc is an equal opportunity em­ ployer. online services librarian. university of nevada, las ve­ gas. duties: planning, developing, publicizing and evaluating online database services; coordinating use of an ibm pc; planning and evaluating searcher training; cooperating with the systems librarian in developing automation plans; preparing statistical reports for on­ line database services; demonstrating online database searching; serving as a resource person for other searchers; and participating in general reference desk duty and collection development. re­ quirements: ala-accredited mls; two years of academic library ex­ perience; demonstrated planning, analytical, interviewing, and com­ m unications skills; p roficie ncy in online database searching, knowledge of searching principles, database structures, and refer­ ence sources; and the ability to develop innovative services and re­ late harmoniously with users and staff. advanced degree desirable. minimum salary: $19,000. tenure-track, faculty status, 12-month ap­ pointment, 24 days vacation, fringe benefits. send letter of applica­ tion, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references by october 31, 1984, to: mary dale deacon, director of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, 4505 maryland park­ way, las vegas, nv 89154. the university of nevada, las vegas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action, title ix, 504, 402 employer. operations manager for online automated library system, shared by 18 public, academic, and system libraries serving 24 cen­ tral illinois counties. (search extended.) self-starter with exceptional people skills to administer automation program under rsa executive committee. 3 -5 years experience with online automation applica­ tions required. bachelor’s mandatory, master’s preferred in ls or equivalent desired. must own automobile. extensive travel essential. home office in peoria metropolitan area. salary: $25,000-$35,000 plus benefits. deadline: october 31, 1984. send resume and three references to: travis e. tyer, president, resource sharing alliance of west central illinois, 515 york, quincy, il 62301, telephone (217) 223-2560. an eo/aa employer. reference librarian. primary responsibilities include general reference desk work, bibliographic instruction to both graduate and und erg radu ate students, some selection responsibilities and evening/weekend reference duty. some online searching is involved as well as production of bibliographies for general use. academic e xp e rie n c e is desira b le . r equirem ents: mls from an ala accredited library school; good written and oral communication skills; willingness to deal with the public and to cooperate with fellow employees; must be service-oriented. full-time, 12-month position; rank and tenure eligibility; salary minimum $15,000. tiaa/cref. send resume and names of three references to: kathy essary, chair, library search committee, university of arkansas at little rock, 33rd and university, little rock, ar 72204. an eeo/aa employer. reference librarian. cluster undergraduate library, univer­ sity of california, san diego. assistant librarian: $20,316-$ 2 5 ,992, or associate librarian: $24,828-$35,748. (this salary to be in­ creased by 3.8% effective january 1, 1985.) available january 1, 1985. as a branch of the library system of the university of califor­ nia, san diego, the cluster undergraduate library provides basic library services for students in the four colleges on campus. the un­ dergraduate library presently possesses an up-to-date, highly se­ lective collection of 90,000 volumes and 500 serial titles in all fields. works in close association with the other librarians in the unit; pro­ vides reference service at reference desk 18-19 hours per week (in­ cluding some evening and weekend hours); performs short com­ puter searches for refe re n ce s u p p o rt; p re p a re s su b je ct bibliographies, orientation leaflets and guides to use of the library re­ sources; makes classroom presentations; coordinates the library in­ struction program; conducts library tours and orientations; serves as a lecturer in contemporary issues 50, a 2-unit course on information and academic libraries (once a year); and recommends library mate­ rials for acquisition in various humanities disciplines (literature, art). ucsd librarians participate in librarywide planning activities and in­ structional services programs and are expected to be active profes­ sionally. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. academic major in one of the major humanities fields such as litera­ ture or fine arts is highly desired. teaching ability is essential, as is dedicated interest in a dynamic program of information access and exchange at the undergraduate level. an appointee at the associate level would be expected to bring to the position substantial relevant experience in an academic library. applications accepted until no­ vember 16,1984. submit a letter of application, enclosing a resume and a list of references to: jacqueline coolman, personnel librarian, university of california, san diego, library, c-075-h1, la jolla, ca 92093. ucsd is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. re fer en ce l ib r a r ia n , p h y s ic a l s c ie n c e s /e n g i neering. (entry level.) search extended. duties: provides com­ prehensive reference assistance, with emphasis on the physical sci­ ences and engineering, from a centralized reference collection. prepares bibliographies and guides to the literature for use in staff training and in classroom instruction. assists with bibliographic in structon and computerized reference services. serves as one of seven reference division resource persons in the sciences. respon­ sible for reference collection development in assigned areas. qualifi­ cations: ala/mls. academic background in the physical sciences or engineering required. second master’s degree in science-related field or two years of pre-professional library experience preferred. experience with online systems of bibliographic data retrieval desir­ able. salary: $16,000; $16,500 with second master’s degree. clos­ ing date for applications: november 1, 1984, or until suitable appli­ cant is found. for additional information and to apply, contact: susan s. lytle, head, personnel operations, university library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843. telephone (409) 845 8111. an eeo/aa employer. resource development librarian, social sciences. search extended. duties: responsible for collection development activities in the social science disciplines, including selection of mate­ rials, evaluation of collections, and intensive collection building in specific area (selected annually) of the total collection. responsible for monitoring of funds associated with collection development activ­ ities. works closely with approval plan personnel in refining approval plan profiles. works closely with teaching faculty in social science departments and colleges in collection building. participates in the formulation of resource development division policies and proce­ dures. responsible for gift and exchange operations. trains and su­ october 1984 / 517 pervises support staff. qualifications: ala/mls. minimum of two years professional (post-mls) experience. academic background in the social sciences required. knowledge of at least one foreign lan­ guage. familiarity with oclc and major bibliographic tools. super­ visory and organizational abilities. salary: minimum $18,000; nego­ tiable. benefits: up to $85/month paid on health, life, and disability insurance package; 87.3% of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirem ent plans in cluding tiaa/cref; tax deferred annuity program available; no state or local income taxes; 10.5 month appointment; faculty rank; 14 state holidays. closing date for applications: november 1,1984, or until suitable applicant is found. for additional information and to apply, contact: susan s. ly­ tle, head, personnel operations, university library, texas a&m uni­ versity, college station, tx 77843. telephone (409) 845-8111. an aa/eeo employer. senior serials cataloger. reports to head of cataloging department and is responsible for cataloging and classifying new serial titles and title changes; recataloging and/or classifying serial titles; training and directing one fte serials cataloger and training and supervising student assistants and support staff as required; as­ sisting in the development and implementation of serial cataloging policies/procedures and assisting head of department in maintain­ ing a department manual; serving as liaison for serial cataloging ac­ tivities with other units/departments within the library; directing ret­ rospective conversion of serials. ala-accredited mls, two years professional serials cataloging experience, experience with oclc, thorough knowledge of lc subject headings and classification, aacr 2 and 1, marc formats and cataloging conventions are re­ quired. experience with retrospective conversion of serials, knowl­ edge of one foreign language, and academic library experience are preferred. salary dep endent upon qualifications. m inimum: $17,760. faculty rank, twelve-month tenure-track position; tiaa/ cref, vacation of 22 working days. ksu, with an enrollment of 19,000 students, is located in the scenic flint hills of northeastern kansas. ksu libraries contains almost 1,000,000 cataloged vol­ umes and has a materials budget in excess of $1,500,000. deadline for application: november 15, 1984. send letter of application, re­ sume, and names and addresses of three relevant references to: ann scott, assistant director for administrative services, kansas state university libraries, manhattan, ks 66506; position available january 1, 1985. kansas state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials, assistant department head. dartmouth col lege library is seeking qualified applicants for the newly created po­ sition of assistant head for the serials department, one of four biblio­ graphic control departments responsible for the technical services functions for the library system of eight libraries. the serials depart­ ment coordinates and maintains the acquisitions, bibliographic con­ trol and binding operations for the entire centrally received serials collection of 19,000 titles. under the general direction of the serials librarian, the assistant serials librarian is directly responsible for su­ pervising the bibliographic control activities of the department and coordinating bibliographic control activities for serials performed in other technical service areas with the bibliographic control opera­ tions of the serials department. provides administrative assistance to the department head and contributes to the planning and man­ agement of the department and bibliographic control. qualifications: required are an ala/mls; a minimum of three years post mls ex­ perience in an academic or research library, some of which must have been in serials cataloging or serials acquisitions; experience with rlin or another automated system; and familiarity with aacr2 and the lc interpretations as applied to serials. salary and rank com­ mensurate with experience and qualifications with a minimum salary of $18,500 for a librarian ii. send resume by october 31 to: phyllis e. jaynes, director of user services, 115 baker library, dartmouth college, hanover, nh 03755. dartmouth college is an aa/eeo/m/f o m n lr u / o r social sciences bibliographer. university center at binghamton libraries seeks a bibliographer/lnformation specialist to work as one of two social science subject specialists in the univer­ sity library, a research library with holdings of over 1,000,000 vol­ umes. the library uses rlin, geac, and oclc for bibliographic in­ formation and services. responsibilities include book selection in the core disciplines of sociology, economics and political science; fac­ ulty liaison; and reference/consultation services in the social sci­ ences, with the opportunity to help define the role of the library in the information age. the library has network affiliation with the re­ search libraries group and new york state 3r’s. qualifications: ala/mls; advanced degree in a social science; knowledge of two western european languages (german desirable); two-three years experience in information services in a research library, familiarity with online databases. minimum salary: $19,000 with liberal fringe benefits. appointment level and salary commensurate with experi­ ence. submit letter of application, resume, and three references by october 22, 1984, to: recruitment committee, library administra­ tive offices, glenn g. bartle library, university center at bingham­ ton, binghamton, ny 13901. eo/aae. support and training specialists. oclc, online com puter library center, inc., has immediate openings for support and training specialists within our marketing and user services division. the two position openings will provide support and training for oclc automated serials control and acquisitions components of the online system. responsibilities include developing instructional programs and materials to support networks’ training efforts, and presenting training workshops to promote effective use of the sys­ tem. the acquisitions position will also function as coordinator for o clc’s new dx (direct transmission) capability. the positions re­ quire an mls degree; three years of library experience; demon­ strated expertise in one of the oclc online subsystems (preferably serials control including union listing, or acquisitions); and demon­ strated verbal and written skills. minimum starting salary for both po­ sitions is $19,151 annually. oclc offers an excellent benefits pack­ age. interested parties should submit their resume complete with education, experience, and salary history/expectations to: employ­ ment representative, oclc, 6565 frantz rd., dublin, oh 43017. oclc is an equal opportunity employer. technical services librarian (search reopened) enthusi­ astic, creative candidate with ala-accredited mls sought to pro­ vide cataloging and acquisitions services in an lrc. experience or training in oclc highly desirable. interest in computer applications in the lrc essential. position will include some public services activi­ ties and involvement in college-wide activities. salary: $15,000; ex­ cellent benefits. send resume and vitae including details of com­ puter experience to: ellen i. watson, lrc director, arkansas college, p.o. box 2317, batesville, ar 72503. search closes no­ vember 7, 1984. arkansas college is an equal opportunity em­ ployer. qualified minorities are encouraged to apply. university librarian overseas. american university of beirut, lebanon, requires administrative head for the university li­ brary system consisting of 425,400 volumes, 3,721 current periodi­ cals, currently a professional staff of 11 and a student body of 5,000. ala-accredited mls required; additional masters or doctorate strongly preferred; minimum 7 years of professional experience in an academic research library including minimum 5 years in progres­ sively responsible administrative positions; a working knowledge of library technology and a well-demonstrated leadership and adminis­ trative ability, an awareness of current trends in higher education, a proven ability to work effectively with a research oriented faculty. a background knowledge of the middle east is deemed essential. po­ sition available immediately. salary range: $25,000-$30,000. can­ didates should send c.v. to: vice president of the university, ameri­ can university of beirut, beirut, lebanon. aub is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. assistant librarians. the papua new guinea university of technology, matheson library. applications are invited for two posts of assistant librarian in the matheson library's cataloging section. serving a student body of 1,100 and approximately 150 academic staff, the library holds 60,000 volumes and is adding 10,000 volumes a year. it serves as the major technological information center for papua new guinea and the south pacific. duties of the 518 / c &r l news posts include: original cataloging, revision of records procured from the australian marc records service, and the retrospective conversion of catalog records. limited evening and weekend duty in public services will also be required. applicants must hold either a degree in librarianship or a degree in another subject and an internationally recognized professional qualification in librarianship. the posts require familiarity with ddc19, aacr2, isbd and library of congress subject headings. preference will be given to applicants with experience in automated cataloging systems. salary: assistant librarian i: k12,920 per annum; assistant librarian ii: k14,385 per annum. (k1 = us $1.0806.) level of appointment will depend upon qualifications and experience. initial contract period is for three years. benefits include a gratuity of 24% taxed at 2%, appointment and repatriation fares, recreation leave fares for staff member and family after 18 months of service, settling-in and settling-out allowances, six weeks paid leave per year, education fares and assistance towards school fees, free housing, salary protection plan and medical benefits schemes are available. further information is available from the university librarian, mr. s.a. patchett, at the address below. detailed applications (two copies) with curriculum vitae, together with the names and addresses of three referees should be received by october 15, 1984, by the regristrar, png university of technology, private mail bag, lae, papua new guinea. assistant public services librarian. permanent tenure-track faculty appointment available january 1. duties include general reference service, library instruction, online database searching, selection of reference materials, and support of other public service functions as needed. schedule will include some evening and occasional weekend hours. requires ala-accredited mls, minimum 2 yrs. previous professional experience; ability to interact with students and faculty in a variety of subject areas essential. salary $17,000 minimum plus liberal faculty benefits including relocation assistance. send resume and three recent references to: robert l. burr, director, crosby library, gonzaga university, spokane, wa 99258. head, automated systems department. (position redefined). new department, reporting to associate director for technical services and automation. responsible for: managing department staff (1 prof, and 1 para-prof.); coordination of the library’s bibliographic and administrative systems, including dataphase alis ii system (data general mv8000 minicomputer), and 11 ibm pcs for administrative systems; developing comprehensive plans for systems operations;developingspecifications and coordinating recommendations for new hardware and software; developing functional specifications and overseeing programming or software purchase; developing systems security plan; overseeing routine departmental operations; working with automation vendors; conducting studies of proposed and existing systems; coordinating acceptance testing; assisting other departments in implementing systems and developing policies, procedures, and user documentation; assisting library department in training of automated systems; coordinating telecommunications (networking) requirements related to automation operation. qualifications: the following are preferred: experience in implementing automated systems within a library (including bibliographic maintenance, acquisitions, serials control, online catalogs or circulation); knowledge of current library and general hardware and software; ability to deal effectively with operational changes affecting systems, and library staff; analytical skills and the ability to provide creative and comprehensive solutions to problems; library and automation experience, as well as knowledge of the marc formats, oclc, and bibliographic control techniques; organizational flexibility; good oral and written communication skills; ability to work well within a large organization; ability to design and implement research studies; proven supervisory and october 1984 / 519 managerial skills; a record of professional development; knowledge of programming principles and the ability to revise programs (preferably miis/mumps); knowledge of or experience with analysis methods; sensitivity to the concerns of a research library. ala-accredited mls or ms in computer/information science required. environment: university library services, serving the 20,000 students of both the academic and medical campuses, employs the dataphase alis ii system for circulation and acquisition; plans are underway to use alis for the online catalogs, an authority and serials control. the database now contains over 375,000 bibliographic records. microcomputers are used for word processing, statistics, budgeting, database searching, etc. the materials expenditures for 1984/1985 is $1.94 million. salary: $25,000 minimum, depending on qualifications. applications: submit resume and the names and phone numbers of three current references by november 15 to: arnold hirshon, associate director for technical services and automation, cabell library, virginia commonwealth university, 901 park avenue, richmond, va 23284. virginia commonwealth is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. automated systems department librarian. reports to the head of this department. responsibilities: assist in the coordination of the library’s bibliographic and administrative systems, including dataphase, alis ii system (data general mv8000 minicomputer), and eleven ibm pcs for administrative system; write specifications for new hardware and software; write programs; evaluate software requests; perform acceptance testing; assist in implementation and in training of automated systems; assist in maintenance of computer hardware; write and maintain documentation; coordinate maintenance with service vendors. qualifications: the following are preferred: experience with automated systems in libraries (including bibliographic maintenance, acquisitions, serials control, online catalogs or circulation); knowledge of current library and general hardware and software; analytical skills; knowledge of the marc format, oclc, and bibliographic control techniques; good oral and written communication skills; record of professional development; knowledge of programming principles, and the ability to write programs in at least one high-level language (preferably miis/mumps); sensitivity to the concerns of a research library; ability to work well independently; ala-accredited mls or ms in computer/information science required. $19,000 minimum salary, depending on qualifications. see above advertisement for application details. deadline: november 15. bibliographic instruction librarian (readvertisement). major responsibility is to direct and expand the library instruction program. this includes the formal instruction, self-instruction, and faculty outreach programs. other responsibilities are to serve in a support capacity to the primary online search librarian, share in reference desk schedule (daily, evening, weekend), and collection development. requirements: ala-accredited mls, science or engineering degree or significant course work or experience, and good interpersonal and communication skills. position available immediately. initial screening of applications will begin november 1, 1984. minimum salary for this classification is $15,300; however, qualified candidates displaying previous related work experience or special qualifications may negotiate a salary within the first quartile of the salary range. please send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: mr. lee j. lebbin, library, michigan technological university, houghton, mi 49931. applications accepted until position is filled. michigan technological university is an equal opportunity educational institution, equal opportunity employer. bibliographer for literatures of western europe and latin america. (readvertisement.) the university of california, santa cruz, is seeking a 520 / c&rl news service-oriented bibliographer to develop its collections in french, german, italian, spanish, and latin american literature, and history and social science of latin america. serves in the collection planning section and participates in formulating collection policies and procedures. provides general and specialized reference service. qualifications: mls or equivalent; fluency in french or spanish with a strong working facility in the other language and with working facility in german and italian desired; graduate level knowledge of a major european literature, french strongly preferred; a thorough understanding of scholars’ research needs and of the organization and accessibility of the relevant literature; broad interest in the humanities and social sciences, and interest in working with both undergraduate and graduate students. assistant librarian ($20,316-$25,992) or associate librarian ($24,828-$35,749). application deadline: november 15, 1984. send resume and names of three references to: katherine beiers, assistant university libarian, personnel, university of california, santa cruz, ca 95064. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. director of library automation. dartmouth college library is seeking qualified candidates for the position of director of library automation. responsibilities include planning, analysis, design and implementation of computer support systems for library operations; pursuing and developing experimental systems, such as the online catalog, serials receipt control, and circulation; coordinating library automation programs with national and regional efforts, such as rlg/rlin and nelinet; preparing grant applications and pursuing other sources of funding for computer support of library operations; and hiring, training and supervising library automation staff of 3 programmers. the successful candidate will have a proven effective management style and the ability to communicate equally well with the library personnel and the personnelin the campus computer center. qualifications: master’s degree in computer science, information science, or library science, with at least 5 years of progressively responsible experience with library automation systems and computer programming are required. prior experience in the design and implementation of library automation programs and with other library departments highly desirable. experience with unix highly desirable. salary and rank commensurate with experience and qualifications, with a minimum salary of $27,000. dartmouth college is an aa/eeo/m/f employer. please send resume to: phyllis e. jaynes, director of user services, 115 baker library, dartmouth college, hanover, nh 03755, before november 15, 1984. head catalog librarian. seek energetic growth-oriented professional for permanent tenure-track faculty appointment available december 1. responsible for overall management of wln-based cataloging unit processing approx. 10,000 titles/year; perform original cataloging with emphasis upon business, technology, and social sciences; supervise 1 professional and 3 support staff. requires ala-accredited mls, knowledge of a romance language, minimum 2 years previous experience in a professional position involving original cataloging, use of a bibliographic utility, and supervision. salary $17,000 minimum plus liberal faculty benefits including relocation assistance. send resume and three recent references to: robert l. burr, director, crosby library, gonzaga university, spokane, wa 99258. head of cataloging (search reopened.) reports to the director of library. supervises 1 professional, 1 paraprofessional, 3 technicians, and 5 student assistants. coordinates all cataloging activities using oclc, lc classification and aacr2 rules. may be asked to teach an undergraduate cataloging course. minimum requirements: mls from an ala-accredited institution; 4 years cataloging experience with two years in a supervisory october 1984 / 521 position in an academic setting. automated cataloging experience preferable. minimum salary: $23,000. arkansas state university is located in jonesboro, near ozark recreational areas and memphis, tennessee. tiaa/cref, 20 day‘s vacation on a 12-month contract, and group insurance. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: bill hansard, library director, p.0. box 2040, state university, ar 72467. applications accepted until a candidate is found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of reader services. responsible for a progressive program of courserelated bibliographic instruction, online searching, and reference services and collection. also responsible for circulation and interlibrary loan. participates in collection development. ala-accredited mls, 3-5 years supervisory, reference, bi and online searching experience. demonstrated strong leadership, management and communication skills, with an active public services orientation. minimum salary: $20,000. apply by november 9 to: paula warnken, director of libraries, xavier university, 3800 victory parkway, cincinnati, oh 45207. xavier is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, technical services. lead, guide and direct technical services with heavy emphasis on cataloging, including copy/revision/original in oclc environment. required: ala/mls; 5 yrs. cataloging, with 3 under aacr2 in oclc (or equivalent); successful supervision of cat/tech services operation; thorough knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, marc, national cataloging standards. desired: science cataloging, science undergraduate, library automation; hiring salary: $28,000-$32,000. resume, application letter, statement (500 wds) on cat/tech services philosophy to: marsha r. kipperman, personnel, bldg. 185, brookhaven national laboratory, upton, li, ny 11973. position will remain open until filled; preference given to applications received by october 15. music curriculum librarian. responsible for the juvenile, curriculum, score, record, and av collections of a university library serving 6500 students. could involve some service responsibility or document or database searching. opportunity to teach section or required course in use of library resources. supervision of one clerical position in addition to student assistants. nights and weekend work expected. accredited mls required. bs in education with music background desirable. experience helpful but not required. annual salary $14,400+, depending upon qualifications and experience. excellent fringe benefits. open immediately. application, including resume, undergraduate and graduate transcripts, and two letters of recommendation should be sent by november 1, 1984, to: george n. hartje, director of libraries, pickier memorial library, northeast missouri state university, kirksville, mo 63501. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. personnel librarian, case western reserve university libraries. university libraries, an arl member, is composed of sears and freiberger libraries and is the largest unit in the case western reserve university library system, housing the collections in humanities and arts, social and behavioral sciences, engineering, science, management, and music. the collection contains over 1,500,000 items (bound volumes, government documents, and microforms) and includes over 7,000 current serial subscriptions. the staff includes 33 professionals and 44 non-professionals. the personnel librarian, a newly-created position, will, in accordance with established university and library policies, be responsible for planning, organizing, and coordinating activities related to the recruitment, employment, and staff development and training of all library personnel. responsibilities will include: recommending and assisting in the development, implementation, and review of library personnel policies and procedures; developing, coordinating, and evaluating library’s staff training and development programs; recruiting and reviewing applicants for librarian and staff positions; directing student employment activities; serving as the library’s principal liaison with the university’s human resource department, affirmative action office, and student employment office. required qualifications are an accredited mls and previous library experience in personnel at an administrative level. post-graduate work in personnel administration desired. salary from $18,000 depending on qualifications and experience. deadline for applications is november 1, 1984. send application, resume, and names of three references to: mary devocht-berges, department of human resources, case western reserve university, 10900 euclid ave, cleveland, oh 44106. case western reserve university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian. reports to the head, public services. is responsible for general reference work, bibliographic instruction, reference and general collection development and online database searching. supervision of circulation, interlibrary loan, and/or stack maintenance may be assigned in addition. qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree and the ability to perform dialog searches are required. post-mls reference and bibliographic instruction experience in an academic library are preferred. circulation work experience is highly desirable. salary range: $18,000-$22,000. letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three current professional references should be sent by october 31, 1984, to: henry r. stewart, director, william allen white library, emporia state university, emporia, ks 66801. aa/eoe. reference librarian with specialization in chemical sciences. serves a student body of 16,000 and provides individual research guidance to graduate students, faculty, and research staff; teaches courses and selects materials in the chemical literature; prepares profiles and performs online searching. requires mls and degree in a chemical field. for appointment at assistant librarian level, salary range is $20,316-$25,992. send resume by october 15, 1984, to: margaret deacon, associate university librarian, personnel, university of california, santa barbara, ca 93106. ucsb is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarians. the library of the schools of theology in dubuque has two openings: one on the university of dubuque campus, the other on the wartburg theological seminary campus. mls from an ala-accredited institution required. theological training desirable. previous reference experience desirable. responsibilities include supervision of circulation, bibliographical instruction, online searching. salary: $15,000-$16,000. apply with resume and 3 references by november 1, 1984, to: duncan brockway, director of libraries std-ud, 333 wartburg place, dubuque ia 52001. serials librarian. reports to the head, technical services. is responsible for management of serials area with 2000 subscriptions. functions include: selection and acquisition record-keeping, supervision and maintenance of the serials collections in all formats; general collection development; information desk services including nights and weekends; and online database searching (dialog). qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree is required. post-mls serials work experience in an academic library is preferred. some knowledge of microcomputers and/or serials automation is desirable. salary range: $18,000-$22,000. letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current professional references should be sent by october 31, 1984, to: henry r. stewart, director, william allen white library, emporia state university, emporia, ks 66801. aa/eoe. a n unprecedented resourcefro m the **w orld’s largest lib ra ry ” — t h e m a in c a ta lo g o f t h e l ib r a r y o f c o n g r e ss 1 8 9 8 —1 9 8 0 on microfiche • com plete d ictionary catalog w ith author, title, subject, series and related entries in a single alphabetical sequence. • 25,000,000 entries covering 7 vi m illion item s—books, pam phlets, periodicals and o th er serials cataloged by the library o f congress. • com plete bibliographic descriptions rep ro d u ced in their entirety. • subject access unavailable in the n a tio n a l u nion catalog. p u b lica tio n in in sta llm en ts 1984— 1987. silver halide and diazo editions available; reduction ratio 48:1. both 105mm roll fiche and standard 105mm x 148mm form at in p reparation. roll f i c h e ............. $ 14,900 * standard fiche . . $ 15,900* * prices f o r silver halide edition, p a ym ent in fu ll on receipt o ffirst shipment. for diazo edition a n d other p a ym ent options, please inquire. a detailed brochure is now in preparation; please con­ tact walter jaffe at 212 982-1302 for more information. k .g . s a u r i n c . 1 7 5 f if t h a v en u e n .y ., n .y .1 0 0 1 0 revised and enlarged 1985-86 edition encyclopedia of information systems and servicessixth edition • edited by john schmittroth, jr. now in two volumes: i n t e r n a t i o n a l . a pproxim ately 600 pages. 1,150 entries. 27 indexes. $165.00. pub. oct. 1984. inis, derwent, agris, inpadoc, telesystemes, and nearly 1,200 other international and national organizations, systems, and services located in some 70 countries (excluding the u.s.). u n i t e d s t a t e s . a p p ro x im ately 1,200 pages. 2,350 entries. 27 indexes. $190.00. pub. dec. 1984. inform ation systems, services, and organizations of inte rn atio n al, national, state, or regional scope located in the u.s. two-volume set, $325.00. t h is m assive tool is more th a n ever the world's leading guide to electronic inform ation system s and services. its highly detailed entries list and describe nearly 25,000 systems, services, products, and programs. included are over 400 online services and 3,600 databases, more th an in any other source. among the organizations covered... • publishers . . . associations . . . governm ent a g en c ie s... private firm s ... and others th a t produce databases. t he range includes bibliographic . . . non-bibliographic... o n lin e ... offline... commercial . . . g o v e rn m e n t. . . and private databases. • o nline com puter service organizations th a t can give access to databases in countless fields. • c o n s u lta n ts ... m arket research f irm s ... associa­ tio n s . . . and pu b licatio n s th a t can help you m ake profitable use of electronic inform ation. • videotex/teletext sy ste m s... telecom m unications netw orks . . . library system s .. . demographic and m arketing data firm s ... docum ent delivery sources . . . software products . . . the whole vast range of products and services th a t m ake up the dynam ic world of inform ation technology. detailed entries... entries cover: organization and system name, address, and p h o n e ... date esta b lish e d ... name and title of a dm inistrator . . . staff size . . . related organizations . . . detailed description . . . subject coverage . . . in p u t sources . . . holdings and storage m edia . . . publications . . . m icroform products and services . . . com puter-based products and services . . . o th er services (abstracting, consulting, data collection, sdi, research, etc.) . . . electronic mail netw ork address . . . and more. 27 indexes speed research... easy access is provided by indexes to organization names, subjects, types of services, etc. t he m aster index covers all 25,000 organizations, systems, services, databases, software products, and more. supplement also available... n ew inform ation system s and services is a soft bound, inter-edition supplem ent, $250.00. 5% d iscount for standing orders. all gale books are sent on 60-day approval. 5% discount for sending check w ith order. c ustom ers outside the u.s. and canada add 10%. g t a o or l der e by ph r one: e 80 s 0e 521 a -07 r 07 c . in h ca n co ada, m . book tower • d etroit, mi 48226 ichigan, alaska, and hawaii: 313-961-2242. acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries july /august 1986 / 471 and the way in which the discipline of history is organized. co-sponsored by the american his­ torical association and syracuse university. 18—automation: “designing specifications for an automated library system and preparing a re­ quest for proposals,” a workshop sponsored by the university of iowa school of library and in­ formation science, will be held at the ironmen inn, coralville, iowa. the instructor will be jo­ seph r. matthews. fee: $45. contact: ethel bloesch, slis, university of iowa, 3087 l i­ brary, iowa city, ia 52242; (319) 353-3644. 19–22— federal information: “government infor­ mation: an endangered resource of the elec­ tronic age,” an interactive state-of-the-art in­ stitu te th at com bines lectures by expert practitioners, group discussions, and study ses­ sions, will be held at the sheraton grand hotel, washington, d .c . the institute is sponsored by the special l ib ra ry a ssociation. keynote speaker will be steve bell, the anchor for abc’s world news this morning. fees: $350 for sla members; $400 for non-members. contact: sandy morton, special libraries association, 1700 18th st., n .w . , washington, dc 20009; (202) 234-4700. the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising d ep’t, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. wanted used 60 or 72 drawer card catalog. call or write frank baudonnet, shields library, university of california-davis, davis, ca 95616; (916) 752-2110. wanted from libraries. american and foreign newspapers, bound, 1700-1975; u.s. pamphlets, 1700-1945; scholarly book collections in liberal arts (particularly 20th century american litera­ ture), popular scholarly periodicals and magazines. the caren ar­ chive. p.o. box 303, nanuet, ny 10954; (914) 624-3693. positions open archivist (2 positions), university of southern mississippi. the ccain library and archives maintains the primary research collec­ ions of the university and has been selected as a host institution for he nhprc archival fellowship program. 1) city archivist/assistant rchivist will be responsible for the city of hattiesburg archives and ecords management program (approx. 50% of time) as well as as­ isting with the university archives. qualifications: accredited mls or equivalent) with archival training, 1–3 years experience with mi­ rographics records management and institutional archives. experi­ nce with local government records desirable. 2) assistant archivist ill assist with both the university archives and historical manu­ cripts program. position is presently a one year appointment with ossibility for renewal. qualifications: accredited mls (or equivalent) ith archival training, 1–3 years experience in administering histori­ al manuscripts collections and institutional archives. knowledge of outhern history desirable. salaries dependent on qualifications. ac­ demic appointments. submit resume and names of 3 references to: erry s. latour, mccain library and archives, university of southern ississippi, southern station box 5148, hattiesburg, ms 39406; 601) 266-4348. review of applications will begin july 15,1986, and ontinue until positions are filled. u.s.m. is an equal opportunity, af­ irmative action employer. ssistant music special services librarian, univer ity of illinois library at urbana-champaign. a permanent position vailable august 21,1986. under general direction of music special ervices librarian, primarily responsible for original cataloging of usic scores, microforms, and sound recordings for the music li­ rary; paticipation in providing reference services; collection devel­ pment responsibilities, including liaison with academic depart­ ents. required qualifications: mls from ala-accredited school. a in music with evidence of formal coursework in music history. ex­ erience in modern cataloging practices, including knowledge of acr2, marc tagging, lc classification, and lc subject headings. eading knowledge of german. evidence of ability to meet general niversity requirements for promotion and tenure. other preferred nd desired qualifications: complete job description mailed upon re­ uest. librarians have faculty rank. salary $19,000 upward for apclassified display rates to rise the following rates for display classified ads will be in effect with the september 1986 issue: one-quarter page, $220; three-eighths page, $260; one-half page, $300; and greater than one-half page, $345. rates for the regular classifieds, the late job listings, the fast job listing service, and the jobline will remain the same. m t t a r s ( c e w s p w c s a t m ( c f a s a s m b o m b p a r u a q 472 / c & rl news pointment as assistant professor, and $24,000 upward for appoint­ ment as associate professor, depending on qualifications and scholarly credentials. send letter of application and complete re­ sume with names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 5 refer­ ences to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, university of illinois library, 127 library, 1408 w. gregory dr., urbana, il 61801; (217) 333-8169. applications and nominations deadline is august 15, 1986. aa/eeo employer. assistant reference librarian, general reference ser vices, north texas state university libraries, denton, texas. posi­ tion description: the assistant reference librarian provides refer­ ence services to students, faculty, and other patrons of the collection in the university libraries under the direct supervision of the head of general reference services. this position will also supervise the mi­ croforms/periodicals unit with 5 library assistants; serve at the refer­ ence and microforms/periodicals desks; provide bibliographic in­ struction and perform online searching. minimum qualifications: this position requires an mls from an ala-accredited library school and 2 to 3 years experience in the reference component of an aca­ demic library or a large public library. a combination of supervisory experience, reference desk experience, good communication and interpersonal skills, teaching experience and enthusiasm for library instruction is being sought. some experience with microforms or se­ rials would be desirable. a vailable august 1, 1986. salary: $17,592–$18,168. applicants should send a resume, copies of all transcripts, and the names and addresses of 3 references before au­ gust 31, 1986, to: margaret e. galloway, associate director of li­ braries, north texas state university, p.o. box 5188, n.t. station, denton, tx 76203. north texas state university is an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. assistant reference librarian, north texas state univer sity libraries. denton, texas. position description: the assistant ref­ erence librarian provides reference services to students, faculty, and other patrons of the collection in the university libraries under the direct supervision of the head of general reference services. this position involves a variety of bibliographic and consultative du­ ties including library instruction and database searching. minimum qualifications: an entry-level position with little or no experience ex­ pected; mls from an ala-accredited library school; and an under­ graduate subject specialty in the humanities, the social sciences, business or education. desirable qualifications: experience at a pub­ lic service desk, knowledge of database searching techniques, and teaching experience. available: septem ber 1, 1986. salary: $16,536. applicants should send a resume, copies of all transcripts, and the names and addresses of 3 references before august 15, 1986, to: margaret e. galloway, associate director of libraries, north texas state university, p.o. box 5188, n.t. station, denton, tx 76203. north texas state university is an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. authorities/online catalog maintenance librar­ ian. kent state university library is a member of arl, uses oclc, and is implementing notis. the successful candidate will be re­ sponsible for the intellectual content of the name, series, uniform title and subject authority files and for maintaining authority control in the online catalog. recommends authority procedures and helps estab­ lish authority policy. serves as an authority resource person for cata­ logers and other technical services staff. oversees online catalog maintenance activities including correction of errors in bibliographic and holdings records, elimination of duplicate records and process­ ing of routine adds, withdrawals and transfers. supervises a staff of three paraprofessionals. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school. desirable: 2 years experience, in­ cluding authority work, in the cataloging department of an academic library. experience with the library of congress online authority file, library of congress subject headings, and marc formats. familiar­ ity with a bibliographic utility and a local automated system. knowl­ edge of one or more foreign languages. supervisory experience. this is a tenure track position. the successful candidate must dem­ onstrate the ability to meet faculty reappointment, tenure, and pro­ motion criteria. minimum salary $19,566 with initial salary and aca­ d e m ic rank c o m m en su ra te with e d u c a tio n and e xp erie n ce. deadline for applications is september 1,1986. send letter of appli­ cation, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: harry kamens, budget & personnel officer, kent state university library, kent, oh 44242. kent state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. bibliographic instruction coordinator (search ex tended). under the direction of the head of reference, plans, coordi­ nates, and evaluates the library’s bibliographic instruction program. in addition, works with eight reference librarians in providing general reference service and freshman library orientation. other responsi­ bilities include reference consultation service, online searching, bib­ liographic instruction, and collection development in the subject ar­ eas of history, language, and political science. qualifications: ala/mls, two years successful public service experience required. demonstrated ability to plan, develop, coordinate, and evaluate bib­ liographic instruction program; excellent oral and written communi­ cation skills; and ability to work effectively with the public and cochief, serials department stanford university libraries the chief, serials department is responsible for the m anagement of acquisitions and cataloging pro­ cesses for serial publications, for coordinating these with other technical processing functions and with the collection development program, and is expected to play an important role in general library planning as a senior library officer. we are seeking candidates who have significant expertise and experience in serials processes; a breadth of experience and understanding of processes in a research library environment; strong m anage­ ment skills; leadership abilities and a flexibility of approach towards changing departmental responsibilities and assignments; the ability to contribute effectively to the overall m anagement of technical services. mls or the equivalent in training and/or experience, effective communication skills, and awareness of autom a­ tion trends. appointm ent will be at the librarian ($31,300–$46,300) or senior librarian ($36,500-353,300) rank de­ pending upon experience and qualifications. apply before august 8, 1986. cite #282crl on all corre­ spondence. send com plete cover letter and resume, with the names of three references to: carolyn j. henderson library personnel o fficer stanford university libraries stanford, ca 94305 eoe/aa july /august 1986 / 473 workers highly desirable. experience in online searching and microcomputer application and experience in media design and production desirable. master’s in relevant subject field preferable. faculty status, tenure-track appointment, and good benefits. salary range: $19,000–$25,000. the robert muldrow cooper library is an important research support facility with a collection of 13,500 serial titles and 1,260,000 volumes. the staff includes 23 librarians and 60 support staff. candidates applying by august 18 will receive first consideration. send letters of application with resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: chair, bibliographic instruction coordinator search committee, robert muldrow cooper library, clemson university, clemson, sc 29634 3001. an eeo/aa employer. bibliographic instruction librarian. the university of evansville is seeking a librarian to coordinate and participate in an active bibliographic instruction program. responsibilities include planning and developing the instruction program, presenting class­ room and workshop lectures, providing reference service (nights and weekends included), and conducting and coordinating online searches. good communication skills, the ability to work effectively with faculty and colleagues, and teaching and administrative talent are essential. a bąckground in science and experience in online searching is h i g h l y desirable. the position requires the mls from an ala-accredited library school and an energetic commitment to ser­ vice. the university of eva n s v ille is an independent, coeducational, methodist-affiliated institution located in a metropolitan area of south­ western indiana. enrollment num be r 3,500 fuiland parttime stu­ dents. the university has recently com ple t e d a new addition to the library, totally converted its database, and is in the final stages of in­ stalling the notis automation system. (the online catalog, acquisi­ tions and cataloging are operational.) the library’s collections total over 300,000 items. faculty rank will be based upon qualifications. minimum salary is $17,500, with a 12 month contract. the applica­ tion deadline is august 1, 1986, with the position available septem­ ber 1, 1986. send application, resume, and three current letters of reference to: g rady morein, university librarian, university of evansville, 1800 lincoln avenue, evansville, in 47722; (812) 479 2376. the university of evansville is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. cataloger, japanese language materials, c.v. starr east asian library, columbia university. this position reports di­ rectly to the flead of technical services, east asian library, and has primary responsibility for the cataloging of japanese-language serial and m onographic materials through the rlin cjk system, including both original and copy cataloging. other responsibilities include the training and revising the work of bibliographic assistants and provid­ ing assistance in reference and other units. in addition to an accred­ ited mls, requirements are fluency in spoken and written japanese, english communication skills; relevant bibliographic experience; and familiarity with the rlin system, aacr2, lc classification and subject headings. knowledge of the japanese culture, scholarship, and book trade, skills in chinese and/or korean languages, and pre­ vious relevant professional experience are desirable. applications should be submitted to the library personnel office, box 35, butler library, columbia university libraries, 535 w. 114th st., new york, ny 10027. applicants should list three references and salary re­ quirements. deadline for applications is august 1, 1986. salary ranges for 1986/7 are: librarian i: $22,000–$28,600; librarian ii: $24,000–$32,400. an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. cataloging librarian. assistant professor (tenure-leading). processing department, starting november 1. the successful candi­ date will be responsible for cataloging print and non-print mono­ graphic materials in the humanities and social sciences and assist with music materials, editing non-library of congress copy from the oclc database, making series decisions and doing name authority work for assigned subject and language areas, acting as a resource person for cataloging assistants in assigned subject areas and for­ eign languages, and special assignments as necessary. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school, familiarity with oclc or similar cataloging utility, knowledge of lc classification, lc subject headings, and aacr2 course work at the undergraduate or gradu­ ate level in music history and/or music theory, and a good working knowledge of one western european language. preferred: profes­ sional and/or preprofessional cataloging experience and a second foreign language. $17,500 minimum for a twelve-month contract. salary may be higher depending upon the qualifications of the suc­ cessful applicant. apply with full resume plus names and current ad­ resses/telephone numbers of three references by august 15 to: ent hendrickson, dean of libraries, 106 love library, university of ebraska-lincoln, lincoln, ne 68588-0410. affirm ative action, qual opportunity employer. ataloging librarian. entry level position responsible for riginal and complex variant cataloging of monographs and non­ ook materials in all subject areas. will assist in training new staff, evising original cataloging, and complex authority work. ucr uses clc, aacr2 and lc interpretations, lc subject headings, and lc lassification in cataloging, and contributes to melvyl, the univer­ ity of california’s online union catalog. requires: graduate library egree or equivalent. working knowledge of at least one foreign lan­ uage preferred, in this order of preference: spanish, french, rus­ ian, german. cataloging training or experience and familiarity with arc formats highly desirable. appointment salary: $22,872. send tter of application, resume, and list of 3 professional references to: ohn w. tanno, acting university librarian, university of california, iverside, p.o. box 5900, riverside, ca 92517. application dead­ ne: august 15, 1986. the university of california is an equal em­ loyment opportunity, affirmative action employer. hemistry librarian. has primary responsibility for the overall peration of the chemistry library, including collection develop­ ent; works in general reference services and performs biblio­ raphic duties in chemistry and related areas. required: mls from n ala-accredited library school; degree in chemistry, chemical en­ ineering or sciences, or equivalent experience in chemistry. prefer­ ed: reading knowledge of a foreign language; knowledge of online earching in brs or dialog; experience in science librarianship or eference in an academic library; supervisory experience with the bility to make independent judgm ents and to organize work. salary ange: $21,864–$27,312. applications, resumes, and letters of ref­ rence should be sent to: virginia f. toliver, director of library per­ onnel and adm inistrative services, w ashington university li­ raries, st. louis, mo 63130 by ju ly 31, 1986. w ashington niversity is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. urator of books and printed materials. the essex nstitute, a regional historical agency with research library, museum, istoric houses, and publications functions, seeks a librarian special­ ing in american history (primarily new england materials). super­ ise other staff in day-to-day operations; responsible for acquisitions, ataloging and preservation of book collections; promotion of col­ ge and library use through public programs, exhibition, and publi­ ation. plan for online cataloging. qualifications: mls, courseworkin merican history required; good communication skills; some super­ isory experience. salary range: $18,000–$20,000. starting date ctober 1, 1986. send resume and names of 3 current references : anne farnam, president, essex institute, 132 essex st., salem, a 01970. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. urriculum materials librarian. university of georgia ibraries. entry level position. recent graduates may have the op­ ortunity to participate in a special staff developm ent program nded by the council on library resources. duties: responsible for e development and management of services and collections of the urriculum materials center located in the college of education; rovides reference and instructional services; selects and evaluates urriculum materials, including children’s and young adults’ litera­ re; serves as a liaison to the college of education faculty; partici­ ates in the cataloging process for curriculum materials at the main ibrary; supervises one support staff. reports to the education bibli­ grapher, social sciences department. the department is com ­ osed-of four librarians, three computer information specialists, ree support staff, and student assistants. qualifications: ala ccredited mls; ability to establish and maintain effective coopera­ ve relationships with colleagues, faculty, and library users; interest bibliographic instruction; effective oral and written communication kills; undergraduate degree in education or equivalent educational ackground preferred; teaching experience in the grades k– 12 ange desired; interest in cataloging and bibliographic control and rganization of library materials desired; strong interest in academic brarianship desired. salary minimum: $17,200. application proce­ ures: send letter of application by august 15, 1986, including re­ ume and names of three references to: john sutherland, adminis­ ative office, main library, university of georgia libraries, athens, a 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are und. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. d k n e c o b r o c s d g s m le j r li p c o m g a g r s r a r e s b u c i h iz v c le c a v o to m c l p fu th c p c tu p l o p th a ti in s b r o li d s tr g fo 474 / c & rl news east asian librarian. the university of chicago library seeks a librarian with advanced training in east asian studies to manage its east asian collections. directly supervises librarian bibliographers for chinese, japanese and korean, the head of cataloging, and the public services coordinator. responsibilities include: developing and maintaining collections of over 400,000 volumes in chinese, japanese, korean, manchu, mongol and tibetan, and western lan­ guages from and about east asia; providing bibliographic asistance to users; administering technical processing and public services op­ erations. candidate should have: accredited library school degree and at least a master’s degree in east asian studies; at least 5 years of experience in a research library; thorough acquaintance with the bibliography and research methodology of east asian studies; expe­ rience with applications of automation and networking for east asian libraries. good to fluent knowledge of modern and classical chinese or japanese and working knowledge of french and german re­ quired. familiarity with other asian languages desirable. salary range beginning at $25,000, depending on experience and qualifi­ cations. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of of 3 references to: search committee for east asian librarian, c/o andrew waters, personnel officer, univer­ sity of chicago library, 1100 e. 57th st., chicago, il 60637. receipt of applications before september 1,1986, will assure consideration. we anticipate filling the position before january 1987. the university of chicago is an equal opportunity employer. engineering librarian. available: september 1, 1986. de­ scription: faculty position in the collection development division. responsible for selecting, reviewing and developing engineering science collections. works closely with engineering faculty to meet their library needs. also provides specialized reference and re­ search services in all areas of engineering. includes assisting with the bibliographic instruction program and serving on library commit­ tees. qualifications: an mls degree from an ala-accredited library school and an undergraduate degree in engineering are required and a graduate degree in a physical science area is highly desirable. good written and oral communication skills are required as well as skills in reference service. must be willing to maintain the highest standards of honor, integrity, and morality as taught by the church of jesus christ of latter-day saints, including abstinence from alco­ holic beverages, tobacco, tea and coffee. salary & benefits: faculty status, generous insurance and retirement benefits. salary range is $20,000 and up depending on qualifications. this is a twelve month appointment with twenty-two days annual leave and additional pro­ fessional development time available. deadline for application: au­ gust 1,1986. to apply: send resume and names of three references to patti jo findley, personnel officer, 3080 hbll, brigham young university, provo, ut 84602. evening reference librarian. indiana university of penn­ sylvania seeks a public service oriented librarian to work with users in general reference in an evening reference capacity. this is a new position to the reference unit which will start in september, 1986. librarians with an academic and/or work background in a natural science, economics, business, sociology, or psychology are particu­ larly encouraged to apply. iup is the fifth largest four-year university in pennsylvania and the largest in the state system of higher educa­ tion with an enrollment of nearly 13,000 students on its main campus and two branches. the university, employing over 1,300 employ­ ees, including a faculty of approximately 700, consists of six colleges and two schools and offers more than 100 majors within 40 depart­ ments. just 50 miles northeast of pittsburgh, iup is located in the foothills of the allegheny mountains in indiana, pa, a community of 35,000 residents. the university libraries participate in oclc and dialog, subscribe to 4,500 periodical titles, and contain 560,000 volumes, 180,000 government publications, and 1.6 million items of microforms. the libraries are a depository for pennsylvania state publications and are a select depository for u.s. government publi­ cations. media holdings and services are extensive. the position re­ quires an ala-accredited mls, training or experience in online bib­ liographic searching, and strong communication/teaching skills. applicants with a subject background on the graduate level in the areas of natural sciences, economics, business, sociology, or psy­ chology will be preferred. the person appointed will be expected to assist with bibliographic instruction, serve as a liaison to subject-area departments/colleges, and participate in collection development. work consists primarily of evening and mıd-to-late afternoon hours, weekends on a rotating basis, and other duties as assigned. ap­ pointment for this nine-month, tenure-track position will be either in­ structor or assistant professor. the salary will be within the $17,198 to $23,048 range. additional summer hours are expected to be avail­ able. librarians have full faculty status and rank. send letter of appli­ cation, resume, and names/addresses/telephone number of three references by july 21,1986, to chairperson, evening reference li­ brarian search committee, university libraries, iup, indiana, pa 15705-1096. iup is an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. head, circulation department. responsible for supervi­ sion of all aspects of circulation of the general collection (1.1 million vols.); determining departmental policies; hiring, training, and evalu­ ating circulation staff (10 full-time, 11 part-time, and 72 student assis­ tants); general supervision of stacks management unit, student pay­ roll, reserve room, and current periodical display. responsible for building security and exit control. will participate in selection and im­ plementation of automated library system, and in planning for build­ ing expansion. strong organizational, interpersonal, and communi­ cations skills essential. ala-accredited mls required, supervisory and library experience preferred, automated systems experience desirable. salary and rank dependent on qualifications and experi­ ence, $18,000 minimum. 12-month, tenure-track, tiaa/cref, 22 days annual leave, many other fringe benefits. position available june 1, 1986. applications accepted until a suitable candidate is found. as the major academic research institution in the state, the university of arkansas, fayetteville, a land-grant university, offers a full range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. located in scenic northwest arkansas, fayetteville is a university town of 40,000 in a picturesque setting in the foothills of the ozarks, an unspoiled region with clean air, a temperate climate, and a variety of cultural and recreational opportunities. letter of application and curriculum vitae, with the names of three references should be sub­ mitted to: john a. harrison, director, university libraries, university of arkansas, fayetteville, ar 72701. the university of arkansas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, louisiana and lower mississippi valley his­ torical collections, lsu libraries. anticipated vacancy october 1,1986. reports to the assistant director for special collec­ tions, participates in the general administration of lsu’s special col­ lections program, and is specifically responsible for administering all aspects of the louisiana and lower mississippi valley historical col­ lections. required: mls from an ala-accredited program; a mini­ mum of three years experience in the management of special collec­ tions, including book, manuscript and photograph collections; familiarity with the applications of automated technologies to special collections operations; familiarity with donor relations and rare book trade; demonstrated managerial ability; strong interpersonal skills and effectiveness in both oral and written communication. desired: additional advanced degree in history or related discipline record of active professional involvement; familiarity with the history of louisi­ ana and the south. salary competitive, commensurate with qualifica­ tions and experience, $25,000 minimum. review of applications will begin august 1,1986. letter of application, resume, and names, ad­ dresses and phone numbers of at least three references to: sharon a. hogan, director of libraries, middleton library, louisiana state university, baton rouge, la 70803-3300. lsu is an equal opportu­ nity employer. head of cataloging department, associate librarian 12 month, tenure-track position. minimum salary $35,004, plus any au­ thorized salary increase for 1986/87. reports to the library director. administers the cataloging department, supervises 2 professional catalogers and 8 support staff. establishes cataloging policies and procedures; responsible for creation, management, maintenance, quality and consistency of the library’s bibliographic and machine readable files. maintains communication with other library depart­ ments and personnel. requires ala-accredited mls degree and 7 years progressive cataloging experience in an academic library. knowledge of and progressive experience in automated biblio­ graphic utilities (oclc preferred), lc classification, lcsh, aacr2, marc formats for monographs, serials, etc., is essential. demon­ strated ability in written and oral communication skills required. must have knowledge of and demonstrated ability in automated library functions. additional knowledge and experience with clsi, innov acq, and online public access catalogs preferred. administrative experience as head of a cataloging department or unit preferred. a master's degree in a subject field is required for tenure or promotion. letter of application, current resume, and 3 letters of reference should be sent to: charles r. beymer, interim library director, rob­ ert e. kennedy library, california polytechnic state university, san july /august 1986 / 475 luis obispo, ca 93407. deadline for applications is august 31, 1986. position available november 1, 1986. california polytechnic state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. hebraica catalog librarian. catalog monographs and se­ rials in hebrew and yiddish using aacr2 and lc classification/sub­ ject headings and participate in hebraica retrospective conversion on rlin database. mls, background in jewish studies and fluency in h ebrew essential. 2 year position funded by grant. salary $18,000 + , depending on experience. applications due by septem­ ber 1, 1986. please send resume and 3 letters of reference to mr. r. gilroy, brandeis university library, waltham, ma 02254. an equal opportunity employer. institute of jazz studies librarian, rutgers university available: october 1, 1986. reporting to director of dana library through the director of the institute of jazz studies, is responsible for collection development and technical discographic services of the institute’s library and archives—including acquisitions, organization, preservation, and cataloging of materials. the institute contains the largest and most comprehensive archive of jazz and jazz-related ma­ terials in the world. it provides services and resources to rutgers fac­ ulty and students, to jazz scholars and musicians from the united states and abroad, and to the general public. specific responsibili­ ties will include: maintaining and revising specifications for comput­ erized cataloging of sound recordings; overseeing production of jazz register and indexes; developing and maintaining effective working relationships with other archives of recorded music and with professional organizations concerned with music librarianship and cataloging of recorded music; and submitting grant proposals and directing grant-funded projects. shared responsibility for providing reference and other public services. research, publication, involve­ ment in professional organizations, and participation in committee work at rutgers are encouraged and expected. mls from ala accredited library school required. knowledge of music (with a spe­ cial emphasis on jazz and popular forms) and significant experience in computerized cataloging of sound recordings is required. experi­ ence in developing and administering grants and in preservation of both print and non-print materials is highly desirable. $25,907 and up, dependent upon experience and qualifications. faculty status, calendar year appointment, tiaa/cref, life/health insurance, 22 days vacation, tuition remission, prescription drug/dental/eyeglass reimbursement plan. submit resume and three sources for current references by august 1, 1986 to: barbara e. sanders-harris, (app 113), personnel officer, alexander library, rutgers university, new brunswick, nj 08903. an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. librarian, lewis walpole library, a unit of the yale university li­ braries. responsible for the organization, interpretation, conserva­ tion, and security of the collections of rare books, manuscripts, paint­ ings, drawings, prints and furniture; and for the maintenance of chief librarian queensland institute of technology brisbane, australia applications are invited for the position of chief librarian of the institute, the queensland institute of technology has 9,500 students in the schools of business studies, engineer­ ing, health science, applied science, com puting studies and law. the cam pus is located in the central business district of the city of brisbane. the institute library presently comprises a collection of 150,000 monographs, 6,000 serial titles and an extensive collection of non-book materials. these closely reflect the teaching and research activities of the seven schools of the institute. the collection is generally integrated and centralized, except for a separate library serving the school of law. the library comprises a staff of 59 full-time equivalents and for 1986 has a total budget of $2.6 million. preliminary planning is underway for its extension into additional space in the same building in 1988 and beyond. the library has a high profile in the application and developm ent of library technology, being full partici­ pant in the australian bibliographic network, and running the date phase alis ii system and online cata­ log. an advanced online reference service is a major feature of its present range of services. the successful applicant will provide leadership in all areas of library management, including long-range strategic planning, all personnel and staff developm ent matters, all aspects of financial support for institute academ ic planning, and the provision of library support for institute academ ic planning and research activi­ ties. applicants should be conversant with the latest developments in library technology. the position is graded at head of school iii at an annual salary of $aus 53,130. assistance will be pro­ vided to meet the costs of relocation. applicants should possess appropriate academ ic and professional qualifications and experience at a senior level in a large library. further details of the position and the library are available on application from the personnel manager, queensland institute of technology. applications quoting three referees should reach: the personnel m anager q ueensland institute of technology g .p.o . box 2434 brisbane 4001 q ueensland, australia by august 29, 1986. an equal opportunity employer houses and grounds of the lewis walpole library. supervises staff of four. the library, located in farmington, connecticut, is an excep­ tional collection of eighteenth century materials. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited school. knowledge of eighteenth century liter­ ature, history, and the arts. experience with rare books and manu­ scripts. reading ability in french and/or german desirable. ability to work effectively with library users and staff. excellent communication skills. salary from $22,300, dependent upon qualifications and ex­ perience. to be assured consideration, submit resume and names of 3 references by august 1,1986, to linda green, assistant person­ nel librarian, box 1603a yale station, new haven, ct 06520. yale is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. map and assistant science librarian. southern illinois university at carbondale, morris library. serves as map librarian in charge of 210,000 maps and aerial photos (about two-third time) and assistant science librarian (about one-third time). required qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited mls; bachelor’s degree in geography or a science, or experience with maps and bachelor’s degree involving coursework in the hard sciences. preferred qualifications: reading capability in german or french (preferred) or other foreign lan­ guage, additional graduate degree in geography or science. faculty rank, full-time, tenure-track position at the assistant or associate pro­ fessor rank. liberal fringe benefits. salary of $19,000 and up based upon education and experience. position available september 1, 1986. recruitment will remain open until the position is filled. review of applications began june 15, 1986; however, applications re­ ceived after that date are encouraged. send applications and names and address of three references to george black, chairperson, map librarian-assistant science librarian search committee, science division, morris library, southern illinois university at carbondale, il 62901; (618) 453-2700. the university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. principal catalog librarian. the university of arizona li­ brary is seeking a principal catalog librarian to serve as the catalog­ university of the west indies st. augustine, trinidad applications are invited for four (4) posts of li­ brarian ill/assistant librarian in the university li­ braries to be assigned to the faculty of medical sci­ ences library in the following areas: (i) reference & loans; (ii) cataloger; (iii) acquisitions; (iv) audio visual all applicants should have: (1) a good first degree, preferably in the biological/biom edical sci­ ences (for positions (i) and (ii) this is essential) and (2) a professional qualification in library/inform a­ tion science. relevant experience in academ ic or research-oriented libraries is essential; experience in medical sciences libraries would be an advan­ tage. w orking knowledge of one or more foreign languages is highly desirable. annual salary ranges: librarian iii (lecturer level): tt$54,708–$77,604; assistant librarian (as­ sistant lecturer level): tt$45,480–$52,008. hous­ ing, pension, passages. send detailed applications, naming three refer­ ences, to the registrar from whom further details are available. r egistrar the university of the w est indies st. a ugustine trinidad, w .l. ing department’s authority on aacr2 interpretation and assist in solving difficult bibliographic problems. the principal catalog li­ brarian supervises the member copy cataloging section, which consists of 7 library assistants, and also assists in coordinating the training and writing the policy and procedure manuals for the mem­ ber copy cataloging and lc copy cataloging sections. the princi­ pal catalog librarian chairs the library’s cataloging policy board, an interdepartmental committee to establish cataloging policy. the principal cataloger also catalogs materials in a defined subject area, and is actively involved in planning for an online catalog. require­ ments include an ala-accredited degree; minimum of four years ex­ perience as a catalog librarian in a research library; demonstrated knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, and marc tagging; excellent oral and written communication skills; ability to work effec­ tively in a flexible environment. working knowledge of one foreign language, and demonstrated managerial experience preferred. sal­ ary: $21,500 or higher, depending on qualifications. librarians at the university of arizona have academic professional status, are voting members of the faculty, have 12-month appointments with 22 days of vacation, 12 days of sick leave, and 10 holidays. applications re­ ceived by august 15, 1986, will receive first consideration. send let­ ter of application, resume, and the names of 3 references to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tus­ con, az 85721. position available immediately. the university of ar­ izona is an eeo/aa employer. reference librarian for humanities, university of ala bama at birmingham. the sterne library at the university of ala­ bama at birmingham is accepting applications for a reference li­ brarian for humanities. the position provides specialized reference assistance to library users in the humanities, supports the general reference services and works closely with the faculty in the area of collection development. the reference-bibliographer is responsible to the head of reference. duties include collection development for the school of humanities. management of a library materials budget for the subject area of responsibility. close and effective interaction with the teaching faculties with an active and progressive interest in furthering the objectives of the library and the university is a primary responsibility. an equally important responsibility of the position is providing effective service to the library user. an active concern for the student’s academic progress is reflected through a service oriented approach to the user combined with up-to-date knowledge of the subject fields. information must be effectively organized and communicated when formal instruction in the use of the library is pre­ sented. requirements: an mls from an ala-accredited library school and previous library experience is required; a degree in a hu­ manities subject area is highly preferred. appointment: the position is available june 1, 1986. it is a 12-month academic appointment at the rank of assistant librarian or senior assistant librarian depend­ ing on qualifications. minimum starting salary $18 ,0 0 0 -$ 1 9,600, de­ pending on rank. excellent benefits package. deadline for applica­ tions and nominations is july 20,1986. address inquiries to: gordon dunkin, mervyn h. sterne library, university of alabama at birming­ ham, university station, birmingham, al 35294. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. science/engineering librarians (two positions) provides general as well as in-depth science/engineering reference services, including online literature searching; selects materials, teaches li­ brary usage and serves as liaison with science/engineering depart­ m ents). required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; de­ gree in science or engineering, preferably with specialization in the physical sciences or in the field of biology. preferred: reading knowl­ edge of a foreign language; knowledge of online searching in brs or dialog; experience in science librarianship or reference depart­ ment of an academic library. salary range, $18,336–$22,908. appli­ cations, resumes and three letters of reference should be sent to per­ sonnel office, box 1184, washington university, st. louis, mo 63130, by july 31, 1986. washington university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. july /august 1986 / 477 late job listings alcohol studies bibliographer, rutgers university. available: october 1, 1986. under direction of the head librarian at the center of alcohol studies is primarily responsible for identification and acquisition of research documents for the library’s general and special collections. will also share responsibility for subject classification of uncataloged materials, general reference service, online searching. mls from ala-accredited library school required. advanced subject degree(s) or work experience in the bio-medical sciences is preferred. the center of alcohol studies library is one of the science branch libraries of the rutgers university library system. located on busch campus, the center maintains one of the world’s largest alcohol research libraries with materials covering biomedical and psychosocial aspects of alcohol use. minimum $21,262 or $25,907, dependent upon experience and qualifications. faculty status, calendar year appointment, tiaa/cref, life/health insurance, 22 days vacation, tuition remission, prescription drug/dental/eyeglass reimbursement plans. submit resume and three sources for current references by september 15, 1986, to: barbara e. sanders-harris, (app 115), personnel officer, alexander library, rutgers university, new brunswick, nj 08903. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. arts/humanities bibliographer-reference librarian. provides vital collection development liaison with the departments in the arts, humanities, and behavioral sciences. position demands bibliographic skills, ability to communicate effectively with faculty and students, and includes line responsibility for service at the centralized reference desk on a limited schedule, including some nights, weekends, and holidays. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited program. second graduate degree in an appropriate academic subject area strongly preferred. experience in collection development and reference services in a medium to large academic library is required. knowledge of one or more modern european languages desirable. appointment level commensurate with qualifications and experience. minimum starting salary $20,000. letter of application, resume, and the names of 3 references will be accepted at the university of southwestern louisiana through july 31, 1986, or until position is filled, and should be directed to: donald l. saporito, director of libraries, university libraries, 302 e. st. mary blvd., lafayette, la 70503ğ usl is an equal employment opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant director for collection and bibliographic services. duties: overall coordination, direction, and supervision of the collection and bibliographic services divisions of acquisitions, resource development, processing, and circulation (including interlibrary services). allocation and monitoring of a materials budget of $2.5 million, participates in the overall administration of the library, including budgeting, planning, and policy formulation. facilitates faculty liaison activities in relevant areas. participation in planning and implementation of automation activities, including a replacement of the oclc acquisitions subsystem and an integrated online catalog and circulation system. represents the library’s collection development and technical services concerns and interests through participation in local, state, regional, and national discussions. responsible for the encouragement and support of professional development and growth for collection and bibliographic services personnel, including 19.5 fte librarians and 91.5 support staff. works with collection interpretation divisions on matters pertaining to collection and bibliographic services activities and other cooperative ventures. position reports to the director, sterling c. evans library. qualifications: ala-mls. doctoral degree preferred. 10 years of increasingly responsible and varied professional 478 / c & r l news (post-mls) experience in libraries, including demonstrated managerial and supervisory competence, and actual work experience in at least 2 of the following areas: acquisitions, collection development, processing, interlibrary services, or circulation. knowledge of and commitment to cooperative collection development, innovative technical services, library automation, and use of national bibliographic utilities. experience with a major automated library system; prefer experience with oclc. record of productive scholarship, including demonstrated interest and skill in the development, direction, and encouragement of research. significant experience and stature in professional library and special interest organizations. ability to present concepts clearly, both orally and in writing. experience working in strong participative administrative environment. ability to work on long-range goals as well as immediate objectives of the library. demonstrated ability to work effectively with faculty and staff. knowledge of budget development techniques and understanding of financial analysis and reporting desirable. salary: negotiable based on qualifications; minimum $43,000 for 12 months. benefits: competitive benefits package; no state income tax; faculty rank. open: september 1. closing date: to ensure full consideration, applications should be received by august 15, 1986. submit letter of application, complete resume, and names and phone numbers of 3 professional references to: susan steele, head, personnel operations, evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843; (409) 845-8111. aa/eeo employer. assistant serials librarian. the dartmouth college library is seeking qualified applicants for the position of assistant serials librarian. the assistant serials librarian reports to the serials librarian and is responsible for supervising the bibliographic control activities of the department in a technically sophisticated environment utilizing the dartmouth online catalog, rlin, and oclc. the assistant serials librarian assists in the planning, development, and implementation of serials control policies and procedures; coordinates bibliographic control activities for serials throughout technical services areas; provides administrative assistance to the department head; contributes to the planning and management of the department and bibliographic control; participates in the selection, training, supervision, and evaluation of staff; contributes to the implementation and continuing development of computer technology for the department. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; minimum of 3 years experience in an academic or research library, some of which must have been in serials cataloging or acquisitions; familiarity with aacr2; experience with rlin or another automated system; user-oriented philosophy; effective communication and interpersonal skills. previous experience with an automated serials control system is highly desirable. salary and rank commensurate with experience and qualifications. minimum salary for a librarian i, $18,500; for a librarian ii, $21,000* please send resume before july 31, 1986, to: phyllis e. jaynes, director of user services, 115 baker library, hanover, nh 03755. dartmouth college is an aa/eeo/m/f employer. collection development/reference librarian, management library, university of california, los angeles. duties: works under the general direction of the head of the management library. collection development duties include: select items to add to the library’s holdings and oversee a newly-established approval plan; monitoring a book budget of $166,000 and approx. $17,000 in special funds; serve as liaison between graduate school of management faculty and the library regarding collection development; monitor and analyze the collection; participate in library-wide collection development activities and projects. reference duties include providing reference assistance to library users by working a minimum of two hours per day at the reference desk; july/august 1986 / 479 providing special consultation service to mba students; executing literature searches on computer databases; participating in a wide array of user education programs and compiling and editing gsm library guides. qualifications: demonstrated experience in business collection development and knowledge of current practices and issues, preferably in an academic library setting; demonstrated working knowledge of business reference sources and experience in providing reference services in an active library; experience in searching business computer databases; excellent interpersonal and communication skills (oral and written). salary range is $22,872-$40,248. anyone wishing to be considered for this position should write to: rita a. scherrei, director, administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los angeles, ca 90024. the application letter should include a complete statement of qualifications, a full resume of education and relevant experience, and the names of at least three persons who are knowledgeable about the applicants qualifications for the position. candidates applying by august 15, 1986, will be given first consideration. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarians at ucla are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers. engineering/science librarian. participates with other reference librarians in general desk service, library instruction, online searching, and collection development. responsibilities include general reference, liaison with the college of engineering, which includes computer science, and the departments of mathematics, physics, and geography/earth science. reports to the head of the reference unit. the library is heavily automated and has an online catalog. qualifications: ala-accredited masters degree. undergraduate or advanced degree in engineering, computer science, mathematics, or physics is preferred. at least two years of science or technology reference experience in an academic library is preferred. the preferred candidate will have experience with online searching and library instruction. benefits: twelve­ month appointment, tenure track position, rank commensurate with experience. state mandated benefits. salary: $20,000 minimum. send resume and names of three references by august 15, 1986, to: raymond a. frankie, director, j. murrey atkins library, uncc, charlotte, nc 28223. the university of north carolina at charlotte is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. head, engineering and mathematical sciences library (ems), university of california, los angeles. the ems library contains 190,000 volumes and currently receives 3,500 serials titles. it is staffed by 3.75 fte librarians, 8.0 fte library assistants, and 6 .5 fte student assistants. duties: under the general direction of the head, physical sciences and technology libraries (pstl), responsible for collection development/management; public services, technical services, including online acquisitions and serials control systems; space planning; library operations. prepares budget requests, monitors expenditures, writes reports. promotes good relations with library users. serves at the reference desk. member of the pstl management team. participates in general activities of the ucla libraries. may be invited to teach in the ucla graduate school of library and information science. qualifications: demonstrated potential to manage and develop collections and services of a large, complex academic science/engineering library. excellent communication skills. strong interpersonal skills. self-motivated, with strong potential for leadership in planning and implementing innovative user services, user instruction and collection development. managerial/supervisory experience in an academic library. experience in a science or engineering library including experience with conventional reference and online database searching. commitment to a 480 / c & rl news sound technical processing basis for public services. commitment to professional growth and staff development. experience with online systems. mls or equivalent. academic background in physical sciences or engineering preferred, but not required. salary range: $32,808-$47,292. anyone wishing to be considered for this position should write to: rita a. scherrei, director, administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los angeles, ca 90024. the application letter should include a complete statement of qualifications, a full resume of education and relevant experience, and the names of at least three persons who are knowledgeable about the applicant’s qualifications for the position. candidates applying by october 1, 1986, will be given first consideration. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarians at ucla are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers. head of public services. ohio wesleyan university is seeking a dynamic and innovative librarian to fill the newly created position of head of public services. this librarian will be responsible for the management, development, and supervision of staff and services of the folowing units: circulation, reference, instruction, online searching, microcomputer services, inter-library loan, government publications, and three branch libraries. this position supervises 8 staff workers (3 librarians) and works with staff from other library departments who devote time to other public service. the head of public services will actively participate in two major ongoing projects: implementation of an integrated library system (ls/2000), and implementation of the activist "teaching library” philosophy into all aspects of library services. additional duties include participation in the library management team; staffing the reference desk, including nights and weekends; and service as a liaison to faculty departments for the purpose of collection development, instruction, and online searching. ohio wesleyan university offers the collegial atmosphere of the liberal arts college committed to academic excellence, a library collection including over 400,000 volumes with a strong rare book collection and the second oldest federal depository in the country, an integrated library system, and a commitment to an activist approach to library service. the new head of public services will be offered the opportunity to make a major impact on services, to advance our planning and evaluation process, and to participate in the radical restructuring of the library. qualifications: master’s degree in library science from an ala-acredited program; minimum of 3 years experience in providing public services; demonstrated planning, supervisory, communication, and staff development skills; and a strong user-oriented philosophy. experience in teaching, microcomputer applications, and/or automated library systems desirable; a background in science or social science preferred but not essential. 12 month librarian/faculty appointment, salary range $21,000-$23,000. send letter of application, resume, and a statement of personal public service and management philosophy (no more than two pages, please), to: kathleen weibel, director of libraries, ohio wesleyan university, delaware, oh 43105. applications will be accepted until july 18. position will be filled by mid-august. an equal opportunity employer. public services librarians (two). ohio wesleyan university is seeking two innovative librarians who will be responsible for the coordination and development of of some combination of the following services: displays, online searching, inter-library loan, instruction, branches, microcomputer laboratory, special colections/rare books. in addition to managing these public services functions, under the guidance of the head of public services, each librarian will staff the reference desk an average of 15 hours per week, including nights and weekends, and will serve as liaison to faculty july/august 1986 / 481 departments for the purpose of collection development, instruction, and online searching, ohio wesleyan university offers the collegial atmosphere of the liberal arts college committed to academic excellence, a library collection including over 400,000 volumes with a strong rare book collection and the second oldest federal depository in the country, an integrated library system, and a commitment to an activist approach to library service. opportunities abound to make major impact on services and to participate in the radical restructuring of the library. qualifications: master’s degree in library science from an ala-acredited program; strong user-oriented philosophy; interest in gaining managerial experience; ability to plan and develop services; and strong communication skills. teaching, bibliographic instruction experience, working knowledge of microcomputer applications and/or library automated systems desirable; a background in science or social science preferred but not essential. 12 month librarian/faculty appointment, usual benefits, salary range $17,500-$18,500, depending on qualifications. send letter of application, resume, and 3 letters of reference to: kathleen weibel, director of libraries, ohio wesleyan university, delaware, oh 43105. applications will be accepted until july 18. positions will be filled by mid-august. an equal opportunity employer. reference librarian. two positions. available: september 1, 1986. under the direction of the head of public services, provides general and specialized reference services. responsibilities include online database searching, bibliographic instruction, collection development. research, publication, involvement in professional organizations, participation in committee work at rutgers encouraged and expected. must be able to work one evening and weekends on rotating basis. other responsibilities as assigned. mls from ala-accredited library school required. online database searching and bibliographic instruction highly desirable. the john cotton dana library, located on the newark campus of rutgers university, supports the academic and research programs of the college of arts and sciences, the university (evening) college, the graduate school (of arts and sciences), the graduate school of management, the school of criminal justice, the college of nursing, and a number of institutes and research centers. minimum $21,262 or $25,907 dependent upon experience and qualifications. faculty status, calendar year appointment, tiaa/cref, life/health insurance, 22 days vacation, tuition remission, prescription drug/dental/eyeglass reimbursement plans. 1) reference librarian (business) (app 114). mba and undergraduate degree in one social science desirable. responsibilities primarily in the areas of business, accounting, economics. serves as a liaison to assigned academic programs and departments, including those of the graduate school of management. business reference experience in an academic, research or special library preferred. 2) reference librarian (science) (app 116). science degree (preferably in one of the physical sciences) is expected. reference experience in an academic, research, or special library preferred. responsibilities primarily in the physical sciences. serves as a liaison to assigned academic programs and departments. submit resume and three sources for current references by september 1, 1986, to: barbara e. sanders-harris, (app 114) or (app 116), personnel officer, alexander library, rutgers university, new brunswick, nj 08903. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. social science librarian. the university of missouri-columbia is seeking a librarian responsible for providing reference, instruction, online searching, interlibrary loan services, and collection development for the social science library, a department within the university’s main library. shares in the administration of the social science library and in supervision of support staff and student assistants. provides online searching of social science 482 / c& rl news databases and bibliographic instruction and training in the use of the library. develops collections in selected disciplines and engages in faculty liaison activities. requirements include a masters degree from an ala-accredited program; strong social science background and/or equivalent experience; second masters in a social science discipline preferred. two years of professional library experience in an academic or research library preferred; competence in online database searching required. ability to communicate well orally and in writing; strong public service orientation; ability to work in a team environment as well as independently. minimum salary: $16,500 for 12 months with usual fringe benefits. available: september 1, 1986. send letter of application, names of three references and resume to: pat burbridge, personnel coordinator, 104 ellis library, university of missouri-columbia, columbia, mo 65201. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by august 1, 1986. the university of missouri-columbia is an equal opportunity and affirmative action institution. cataloger, martha ellison library, warren wilson college. responsible for original and copy cataloging of all materials, oclc/dewey; planning for automation; maintenance of catalog and databases; supervision of recon project; reference work one evening weekly and every fifth weekend; supervise and train students. full-time. required: ala degree; academic experience. working knowledge of oclc cataloging and name authority subsystems. extensive knowledge of recon; aacr2; good training, reference, and interpersonal skills. salary range $13,000-$l5,000, with housing if desired. application closing date is august 15, 1986. contact: jean hutton, director, martha ellison library, warren wilson college, 701 warren wilson rd., swannanoa, nc 28778-2099; (704) 298-3325, ext. 245 or 321. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, technical services, c.v. starr east asian library, columbia university. this position, reporting directly to the east asian librarian, has administrative responsibility for technical services units including acquisitions, cataloging, catalog maintenance, and current periodicals for materials in chinese, japanese, and korean languages. other responsibilities include coordination of east asian technical services with central technical service units, research libraries group members, and other outside organizations. in addition to an accredited mls and fluency in spoken and written english, requirements are fluency in chinese or japanese, excellent managerial, communication, and interpersonal skills, experience with applications of standard cataloging codes and practices (e.g. aacr2, lcsh, lc classification), with the rlin/cjk system, and with supervisory responsibilities. a graduate degree in east asian studies and knowledge of other east asian languages preferred. applications should be submitted to the library personnel office, box 35, butler library, columbia university libraries, 535 w. 114th st., new york, ny 10027. applicants should list three references and salary requirements. salary ranges: librarian ii: $27,500-$37,125; librarian iii: $30,500-$44,225. deadline for applications is august 15, 1986. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference/documents and maps librarian. responsible for administering federal and state documents depository collections and map collection and for providing reference service from the library’s general reference desk. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; ability to work effectively with faculty, students, and colleagues; teaching ability; effective oral and written communication skills; knowledge of u.s. government documents and their organization desirable; supervisory capability; second master’s degree in a subject area desirable. faculty status, tenure-track. salary: $20,000 minimum and fringe benefits. submit letter of application, resume, three july/august 1986 / 483 letters of reference, and copies of credentials and transcripts to: director’s office, olson library, northern michigan university, marquette, mi 49855-5376. screening of applications to begin: september 15, 1986. nmu is an aa/eo employer. reference librarian. energetic generalist for reference, bibliographic instruction and interlibrary loan. must have ala-accredited mls and at least two years of academic library experience, including database searching and oclc. good management and interpersonal skills are essential. salary range: $17,000-$20,000 for twelve months. appointment begins september 1, 1986. applications will be accepted until july 20, 1986, or until position is filled. send resume and list of three references to: joanne cooper, director, hammermill library, mercyhurst college, erie, pa 16456. aa/eoe. head, reference department. the university of akron, bierce library, is seeking a head of reference to coordinate and supervise activities of all reference department personnel. position available october 1, 1986, or as soon thereafter as possible. responsibilities: plan, implement, and evaluate general reference services and instructional programs; monitor reference and government documents collections; serve as link between the reference department and other units. qualifications: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited school; at least 3 years professional experience in public services in an academic library; evidence of managerial ability; strong interpersonal skills; and ability to communicate well, both orally and on paper required. salary: $20,200-$24,000, depending on qualifications and experience; excellent fringe benefits. application deadline: september 15, 1986. send letter of application, resume, and 3 letters of reference to: lee faulhaber, reference search committee, bierce library, box cr, the university of akron, akron, oh 44325. the university of akron is an equal education and employment institution. interlibrary loan coordinator. coordinates inter-library loan operations for the main library and three branches. may represent the library in state, regional, and national planning for networking and resource sharing. as a member of the reference department, participates in a variety of activities including desk service and database searching. plans, directs, trains and evaluates the work of 4.5 fte staff. reports to the head, reference/documents. library faculty must meet university requirements for promotion and tenure. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; two years* academic library experience, particularly with inter-library loan practices and the oclc/lll subsystem preferred. tenure-track position. 24 days annual leave. tuition remission. group health insurance. tiaa/cref or state retirement plan with non-refundable contribution paid by the university. no state income tax. rank and salary dependent upon education and experience. instructor, $19,000 minimum; assistant professor, $23,000 minimum. send letter of application, current resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three recent references by september 15, 1986, to: jill keally, personnel librarian, the university of tennessee library, knoxville, tn 37996-1000. utk is an eeo, affirmative action, title ix, section 504, employer. 484 / c& rl news (washington hotline, continued) telecommunication rates for library connections to nationwide biblio­ graphic databases have continued to increase every few months, causing planning, paperwork, and cost problems. although the federal communications commission allowed new at&t private line tariffs to take effect over a year ago, it is conducting a continuing investigation of the tariffs. senate communications subcommittee member larry pressler (r-sd) delivered may 2 a letter with a total of 29 senate signatures to fcc chairman mark fowler on the problems continuing cost increases cause for libraries. on may 28 chairman fowler sent a lengthy response, which is being analyzed by sen. pressler’s office. acrl publications in librarianship — your special perspective on the profession. series titles cu rre n tly available: 3 9 . libraries for teaching, libraries for research: essays for a century, richard d. johnson, ed. "...a m ust for all library school students interested in academ ic librarianship.’’ arba 78 $15.00cl. 259p. 0247-2 (use o rd e r c o d e 3196-0) 1977 4 0 . book selling and book buying: aspects o f the nineteenth-century british and north american book trade, richard g. landon, ed. "... these essays, five of them on bookselling and tw o ... on book collecting, fit together admirably.” b o o k c ollector's m a rk et $15.00cl. 118p. 3224-x 1979 4 1 . w omen view librarianship: nine perspectives, kathryn renfro lundy, ed. it is satisfying to read their considered resp onses to questions ranging from ideas about adm inistration and personal career ch oices to developing library school curricula and advice to beginning professionals.’’ c o lleg e & r e s e a r c h l ib r a r ie s $8.00pbk. 99p. 3251-7 1980 42 . the spirit of inquiry: the graduate library school at chicago, 1921-51, by jo h n v. richardson, jr. "...a significant book in library ed ucation and an exam ple o f painstaking historical research.’’ arba 84 $35.00cl. 238p. 3273-8 1982 4 3 . the landscape of literatures: use of subject collections in a university library, by paul metz. “metz p ro v id es...a n im portant use s tu d y ...by attem pting to identify the su bject literature o f interest to faculty and students in various academ ic d iscip lin es.’ rq $30.00pbk. 143p. 3286-x 1983 4 4 . the carnegie corporation and the development of american college libraries, 1928-41, by neil a. radford. provides a useful historical perspective on collection analysis and external funding by studying the im pact of carnegie grants for collection development. $29.95pbk. 257p. 3295-9 1984 o rd er from am erican library association publishing services 50 east huron st. c hicago, il 60611 (isbn prefix 0-8389) acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries j u n e 1983 / 209 m ary rhoads, h ealth sciences c en ter l ib ra ry 3 4 0 4 , university of a rizona, 1501 n. c am p bell avenue, t ucson, az 85 7 2 4 . 2 6 2 8 — n orth c a ro lin a : “stand up for l ib ra rie s ,” b ien nial conference of th e n orth c arolin a l i ­ b rary association, b enton c onvention c en ter and h yatt h otel, w inston -salem . c o n ta ct: l e la n d m . p a rk , l ib r a ry o f d avidson c o lleg e, d a v id s o n , n c 2 8 0 3 6 ; (7 0 4 ) 8 9 2 2 0 0 0 , e x t. 3 3 1 . ■ ■ the classified ads d e a d lin e s: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on o r before the second o f the month p reced­ ing publication o f the issue (e.g. s eptem ber 2 fo r the o ctob er issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second o f the month. h ates: classified advertisements are $4.00 per line for acrl members, $5 00 for others. late jo b notices are $ 10.00 p er line for members, $12 00 for others. organizations subm itting ads will be charged accordin g to their m em bership status. t e le p h o n e : all telephone o rd ers should be confirm ed by a w rit­ ten o rder mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be a ccom panied by a typewritten co p y of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged fo r ads taken over the phone (except late jo b notices o r d isplay ads). g u id e lin e s : for ads w hich list an application deadline, that date m ust be no sooner than the last day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., o ctober 31 fo r the o ctober issue). all jo b a nnounce­ ments should include a salary figure. j o b announcem ents will be edited to e xclude discrim inatory references. applicants should be aware that the term s faculty rank and status vary in m eaning am ong institutions. jo bl in e : call (312) 944 6795 for late-breaking jo b ads for aca­ dem ic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing subm itted will be earned on the recording fo r two weeks. the charge fo r each two-week listing is $30 for acrl m em bers and $35 for non-members. fast jo b l is tin g s e rv ic e : a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists jo b postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of n arrow deadlines, will not a pp ea r in c&rl news. the cost o f a six-month subscription is $10 fo r acrl m em ­ bers and $15 for non-members. c o n ta c t: classified advertising d ep't, acrl, am erican library association, 50 e huron st., chicago, il 606 11, (312) 944-6780 _______ for sale elsevier a n tiq u ar ia n d epar tm en t. periodicals and rare books on l ite and earth s cie n c e s . over 1 million volum es on stock. catalogues available on dem and. please write to: lippijnstraat 4. 1055 kj amsterdam, the netherlands. position desired al a -accredited mls. o r e year professional experience in re­ ference/collection development k nowledge o f co m p ute r and for­ eign languages. desires sim ilar position. will relocate. o m ar khalidi 2462 dalton, wichita, ks 67210 po s itions open a ss is t an t c atalo g er . ala-m ls some cataloging e xperi­ nce required knowledge o f lc classification and oclc (or other e network). c oursew ork in business and econom ics helpful. w e are in the process o f planning for an integrated online system. o ne year appointm ent $15,000 + dep en d in g upon qualifications and e xperi­ ence. send resume and three letters of reference to: virgil f. mass man, executive director, james je ro m e hill reference library, st. paul, mn 55102 eoe. a ss is t an t engin eering l ib r a r ia n . a perm anent position available july 1,1 9 83 . u nder direction of the e ngineering librarian, d u tie s in c lu d e re fe re n ce a n d in fo rm a tio n se rvice s; d ata ba se searching c f brs, lockheed, and oclc; b ibliographic instruction, collection developm ent; liaison with faculty; original cataloging of m onographs; staff supervision; and special projects utilizing the en­ gineering l ib ra ry’s m icrocom puter system required: master's d e ­ gree in library science from an a la-accredited library school, o r its equivalent; evidence o f research orientation and ability to meet uni­ versity requirem ents for p rom otion and tenure; com m itm ent to serv­ ing the research needs o f clientele. preferred: subject b ackground or library experience in engineering o r related science. desirable: experience o r p roficiency in reference service, cataloging, biblio­ g raphic instruction, collection developm ent, and online database searching. librarians have faculty rank. assistant professor rank for applicant with desired experience and qualifications, including evi­ dence of a bility to m eel general university requirem ents for p rom o­ tion and tenure (research, publication, university/comm unity/profes­ sional service) in addition to p erform ing specific library assignment. salary $14,500 upward, d epending on qualifications and scholarly credentials. send com plete resume with names and addresses of five references to: allen g. dries, libraries personnel manager, uni­ versity o f illinois at urbana-champaign, 127 library, 1408 w. gre­ gory drive, urbana, il 61801 ; phone (217) 333-8169. for m axim um consideration, applications and nom inations should be received no later than ju ly 31, 1983. the u niversity o f illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. as s is t a n t head, chemistry lib r a r ia n . affiliate, assis tant, o r associate librarian provides reference service, including online interactive searching and library instruction; assists in collec­ tion developm ent; directly supervises the library operations, in clu d ­ ing supervision a nd training of one full-time su pp ort staff, and o ver­ sees all technical services operations. master's degree from an a la-accredited library school; m inim um o f one year post-mls li­ brary experience preferred; supervisory experience; experience with computer-assisted reference services; dem onstrated ability to relate effectively to faculty, students, and staff. effectiveness in plan­ ning a nd organizing w o rk flow. some a cadem ic b ackg ro un d in sci­ e nce a nd /or experience in a science-oriented library. ability to co m ­ municate effectively both orally a nd in writing. reading know ledge of german is desirable ability to meet the responsibilities and require­ ments o f a tenure-track appointm ent salary dependent on qualifica­ tions and experience. salary minim um. affiliate. $14,500; assistant, $15,800; associate, $18,500. send letters o f application to. anne r im m e r, p e rs o n n e l o ffic e r, in d ia n a u n iv e rs ity l ib ra rie s , bloomington, in 47405; (812) 335-3403. c losing date for app lica ­ tions no earlier than june 15, 1983. indiana university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. a s s is t a n t lib r a r ia n . southern arkansas university has a va­ ca ncy for an assistant librarian effective im mediately. applicants should hold the mls degree and have three to four years experience as a reference librarian in a four-year college o r university library a more complete jo b description is available. salary is com m ensurate with training and experience. southern arkansas university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em ployer. applications will be received until position is filled. interested persons should send letter o f interest and resume to: l a logan, president for acad e m ic a f­ fairs, southern a rkan sas university, box 1402, m agnolia, ar 71753. a ss is tan t professor. search reopened. the university o f illi­ nois graduate s chool o f library and information science is seeking candidates for a full-time tenure-track position fo r teaching two o r m ore of the follow ing areas: information science, cataloging, m edi­ cal reference, special libraries, and /or science reference full-time teaching load equals two courses p er semester plus sharing in stu­ dent advising and faculty committee work. earned d octorate in li­ brary and information science preferred, and library (o r information center) and leaching experience desirable. the university o f illinois offers excellent research resources, including six million plus volum e library, com puter facilities, m anuscript typing, etc. minim um salary $20,000. summer session and extension leaching with additional pay is possible but not required. position open a ugust 21. january 210 / c &rl news 1984 starting date possible. send letter of application, resume, and names of three persons from whom references can be secured, to: charles h. davis, dean, graduate school of library and information science, university of illinois, 410 david kinley hall, 1407 w. gre­ gory dr., urbana, il 61801; (217)333-3280. applications will be ac­ cepted until june 27, o r until a suitable candidate has been found. the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. assistant undergraduate librarian (media coordi­ nator). a permanent position available august 1 ‚ 1983. under di­ rection of the assistant director for undergraduate libraries and in­ structional services, administers the library audio/media center, a playback—not production—facility housed in the undergraduate li­ brary. assignment includes supervision of 2 fte staff and a student wage budget of $13,500. participates in and coordinates all original media cataloging; participates in provision of general reference ser­ vices and bibliographic instruction; assists with ugl book and jour­ nal selection in assigned areas of responsibility; and in areas of sub­ ject responsibility expected to establish faculty liaison and develop reference aids. other duties as assigned, regular night and weekend work expected. required: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school, or its equivalent; at least one year pro­ fessional experience working in a media center or with non-print ma­ terials; demonstrated ability to relate effectively with faculty, students and staff; and evidence of ability to meet university requirements for tenure and promotion. preferred: experience in providing reference and/or bibliographic instruction in an academic environment. de­ sired: experience with non-print cataloging, particularly in the area of motion pictures and television. librarians have faculty rank. appoint­ ment at the assistant professor level. salary $16,000 upward de­ pending on qualifications and experience. librarians must meet general university requirements for promotion and tenure (research, publications, and university/community/professional service) in ad­ dition to performing specific library assignment. send complete re­ sume with names and addresses of five references to: allen g . dries, library personnel manager, university of illinois library at urbana champaign, 127 library, 1408 w. gregory drive, urbana, il 61801; phone (217) 333-8169. for maximum consideration, applications and nominations should be received no later than july 29,1983. the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. behavioral sciences librarian and science librar­ ian. two 9-month, tenure-track, faculty positions at chapman col­ lege, a private liberal arts college in southern cailfornia. responsibil­ ities: teaching required library research courses, general reference, and liaison with faculty and students in subject areas including col­ lection development, online bibliographic searching, and catalog­ ing. required: mls from ala-accredited school and 2 years aca­ demic library experience. prefer second master’s and teaching experience. one position requires strong cataloging background. appointment at the assistant or associate professor level. salary range: $ 16,400-$31,100 for 9 months. separate summer contracts usually available. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of reference by june 30,1983, to: janice h. shawl, library director, chapman college library, 333 n. glassell st., orange, ca 92666. interviews may be held at ala conference. equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. b io lo g y /n a tu r a l resources and h u m a n itie s l i­ brarians effective august 15, 1983, at the assistant librarian, senior assistant librarian or associate librarian level as appropriate depending on qualifications and experience (current salary range $17,028-$30,672). one of the positions may be combined with the position of head, information services. closing date july 1, 1983. equal opportunity employer. for more detailed information write: university librarian, humboldt state university, areata, ca 95521. cataloger, entry level new position with responsibility for origi­ nal cataloging of monographs and editing of oclc copy, using the lc classification schedules and subject headings. master's degree from ala-accredited library school. minimum $14,500. academic status. send letter of application wtih resume and names of three ref­ erences by june 3 0,1 98 3, to: walter m. high, head, monographic cataloging department, d.h. hill library, north carolina state uni­ versity, po box 5007, raleigh, nc 27650. an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. cataloger, new position. experienced cataloger with demon strated potential to manage people. detailed knowledge of marc formats and the theory underlying the d evelo p m en t a n d use of m a c h in e-read ab le cataloging necessary. responsibility for original cataloging of monographs and editing of oclc copy, using the lc classification schedules and subject headings. knowledge of multi media cataloging will be especially useful. master’s degree from ala-accredited library school. minimum $17,500. academic status. send letter of application with resume and names of three references by june 3 0,1983, to: walter m. high, head, monographic catalog­ ing department, d.h. hill library, north carolina state university, po box 5007, raleigh, nc 27650. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. cataloger, northwestern university. performs original and complex cataloging of monographs, including descriptive and sub­ ject cataloging and classification and authority work, using aacr2, lcsh, ddc 19, and the marc bibliographic and authority formats. works cataloged may be on any subject, and in a variety of lan­ guages. cataloging and authority work are perform ed on northwest­ ern's notis (northwestern online total integrated system) library automation system, for inclusion in the union online catalog and for­ warding to the rlin database. some authority work may be submit­ ted to the library of congress for inclusion in the name authority co­ o p e ra tiv e p ro gram (n aco ). q ua lific a tio n s : mls fro m an ala-accredited library school, working knowledge of one or more foreign languages, preferably including german or a romance lan­ guage. experience in library technical services, using an automated system d es ira b le . p osition a va ila b le : o pe n. salary: $15,000-$16,000 depending upon experience. send application and resume, including names of references to: lance query, per­ sonnel librarian, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60201. applications received by july 15, 1983, will be considered. northwestern university library is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. cataloger. responsible for original cataloging of latin ameri­ can materials. required: mls from ala-accredited school; reading knowledge of spanish; ability to work with french, german, and por­ tuguese; working knowledge of lc classification and subject head­ ings, aacr2, and oclc; at least one year of cataloging experience. salary: $16,000. two-year term appointment available september 1 ‚ 1983. application deadline july 1 ‚ 1983. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: associate curator for the pre-columbian collection, dumbarton oaks, 1703 32nd st., nw, washington, dc 20007. cataloging librarian. responsible for cataloging of all li­ brary materials except music. formulates cataloging policies and procedures; trains and supervises cataloging staff. collection devel­ opment and some reference duties included. responsible for the creation and maintenance of all authority files. master’s degree from ala-accredited library school and at least 3 years experience as a cataloger using an automated system. second master’s degree in a subject field preferred. salary: $18,800 + depending upon qualifica­ tions and experience. faculty status and liberal fringe benefits in­ cluding tiaa/cref. send resume and names of 3 references by june 30,1983, to: deanne molinari, affirmative action officer, suny college at purchase, purchase, ny 10577. curator of rare books and special collections, university of wisconsin-madison. 12-months academic staff ap­ p o in tm e n t. a d m in is te r a d e p a rtm e n t w ith 2 .5 fte a nd 20 hours/week of student assistance, and holdings of 80,000 volumes including materials of national reputation in history of science, little magazines, french pamphlets, russian underground materials, and english and american literature. curator will be encouraged to seek gifts of special collections and outside funding for purchase of rare books. responsibilities: plan and implement department's public and technical services; collection development in history of books and printing, little magazines, and rare books reference materials; assist faculty, students, and visitors in use of collections; act as liaison between department and university teaching units; mount exhibits; work with friends of the library; supervise the shift of valuable mate­ rials from the general stacks to the rare book vaults; provide lectures and tours for university classes and outside groups; act as liaison to estc/na project; represent department, as requested, on university a nd c o m m u n ity c o m m itte e s. m inim um q u a lific a tio n s : ala accredited mls or equivalent demonstrated subject mastery in li­ brarianship; graduate degree in humanities or social sciences; 5 years experience in rare books and/or special collections, preferably in a research library; administrative experience; foreign language expertise. salary: $26,000 minimum. appointment effective septem­ ber 1 ‚ 1 983, or as soon thereafter as possible. application deadline: june 30, 1983. letter of application, current vita, and names, ad­ dresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: sandra j. pfahler, assistant director for budget and personnel, 360 memorial library, 728 state street, madison, wl 53706. eeo/aa employer. dean of learning resources center, pueblo commu­ nity college. pueblo community college is accepting applications for the position of dean of the learning resources center. appli­ cants must possess an ala-accredited mls (doctorate of library sci­ ence desirable). minimum experience: candidate shall have been employed full-time for one year as a director of a learning resources center at an institution of higher education, in addition, two years ex­ perience as chairperson of a library d ep artm en t is required. t h e col­ lege is seeking an individual with a b a ckg ro u n d in both public and technical services who will provide leadership in working with library staff, faculty and administrators; who is knowledgeable about the ap­ plication òf computer technology to library processes and who can design and im plem ent projects to increase existing library re ­ sources. minimum salary is $30,000 for 12 months. the dean of the learning resources center will be responsible to the vice president for instructional services. send application and vita before july 1 ‚ 1983, to: edward broadhead, chairman, dean of learning reju n e 1983 / 211 sources center search & screen committee, pueblo community college, 900 w. orman avenue, pueblo, co 81004. pueblo com­ munity college is an affirmative action and equal opportunity em­ ployer. general reference librarian. position requires an ala accredited degree; second subject master’s degree or doctorate de­ sirable; and five years’ academ ic library reference experience with appropriate supervisory experience. position carries faculty rank. responsibilities include administration, planning and supervision of general reference professional staff, services, and collection, in a dd i­ tion to coordinating collection developm ent activities. rank and sal­ a ry d e p e n d e n t u p o n q u a lific a tio n s a n d e x p e rie n c e : $ 16,000-$19,000. send letter of application, resume, transcripts, and three letters of recommendation to: office of a cadem ic affairs, librarian position, wetherby administration building, western ken­ tucky university, bowling green, ky 42101. applications will be ac­ cepted until position is filled. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, g en er al reference, robert w. w o o druff library. emory university, atlanta. responsibilities: manage reference de­ partment, including supervision of six reference librarians and three support staff. areas of service include bibliographic instruction, inter lib ra ry loan, m icroform re a din g room, and online b ib lio g ra p h ic searching. coordinates reference collection developm ent and par­ ticipates in developm ent of the general collections. minim um qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited degree; depth of subject knowledge and fa­ m iliarity with research techniques, p referably in an area of the humanities or the social sciences; 3-5 years of reference experience with a dem onstrated com petency in supervisory and managerial skills, preferably in a large a cadem ic o r research library; or equiva­ lent combination of education and experience. reading knowledge of at least one modern european language. demonstrated strong com munication and public relations skills required. salary and rank dependent upon qualifications and experience (m inimum rank and salary librarian ii, $20,000). send letter, resume, and names of three references, by july 15,1983, to: nancy a. books, director of public services, robert w. w oodruff library, emory university, atlanta, ga 30322. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head of serials cataloging. catalog serials originally for input into oclc-conser o r upgrade shared records with conser authorization. represent uf at conser operational meetings at oclc. coordinate along with the department chairman, other de­ partments, and satellite libraries serials developm ent on the library's new in-house automated system developed from northwestern uni­ versity software. train beginning professionals in serials cataloging. mls from ala-accredited school required. reading knowledge of at least one modern european language preferred. salary range for assistant librarian: $ 1 3 ,0 3 0 -$ 2 1 ,700; associate librarian: (5 years of professional experience) $15,660-$26,100. florida state retire­ ment, faculty status, blue cross/blue shield g roup plan, 22 days va­ cation. send letter of application with complete resume with names o f five references and salary requirements by july 1 ‚ 1983, to: james h. renz, associate director for technical services, 216 library west, university of florida, gainesville, fl 32611. eeo/aae. head of special collections. oversees the operations and actively pursues the continued developm ent and expansion of the libraries' special collections. participates in public relations, fund raising, special events, and grant proposals related to the collec­ tions. requires ala-accredited mls o r minim um of 5 years experi­ ence in book trade, archives or special collections administration. graduate degree in american literature or history strongly preferred. salary m id-20’s d epending on qualifications. excellent benefits in­ clu ding choice of retirement programs. the university of houston c entral c a m p us l ibraries has 1.4 million volum es, a m aterials b udget of $1.9 million, and a staff o f 54 professionals and 170 sup­ port staff. applications accepted thru ju ly 1 ‚ 1983. send letter of ap­ plication, names o f 3 references, and resume to: dana rooks, uni­ versity of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. head, optom etr y library. assistant or associate librarian (one-half fte position). responsible for administering the library. also responsible for the provision of reference services and library instruction; the establishment of library policies and procedures of the university libraries; the selection, training, and supervision of li­ brary staff; the m aintenance of bibliographic control of the collection in coop eratio n with technical services; a nd the p reparation of b udget requests. serves as the fund m anager in the selection of m a­ terials to support the curriculum and research activities of the school of optometry and the department of psychological optics. master's degree from an ala-accredited library school; minim um of 2 years post-mls library experience; dem onstrated ability to supervise; abil­ ity to relate effectively to faculty, students, and staff; some academ ic background in science or experience in science-oriented library is preferable. a bility to com m unicate effectively both orally and in writ­ ing. a bility to meet the responsibilities and requirements of a tenure track appointment. salary dependent on qualifications and experi­ ence. salary floors will be observed: assistant, $15,800; associate, $18,500. send letters of application to: anne rimmer, personnel of­ ficer, indiana university libraries, bloomington, in 47405; (812) columbia university libraries head of serials acquisitions u nder the general direction of the chief of the s upport division, this position has responsibility for adm in­ istering a centralized serials function for the colum bia library system. the position has direct responsibility for 16 full-time staff m embers; coordinating routines and w o rkflo w ; planning and im plem enting change in an evolving technological environm ent; establishing priorities; resolving problem s relating to the ordering, receipt, and paym ent of serial materials; and d eveloping a thorough knowledge of publishing and sources of supply. in addition to an accredited mls, qualifications are administrative ability as dem onstrated by successful relevant supervisory experience; a substantial know ledge of serials; the ability to w ork with staff in other library units and outside vendors; effective writing and speaking skills; evidence of professional creativity and initiative; familiarity with computer-assisted technical processing in a large research library; and the ability to w ork with a broad range of languages, with preferential consideration being given to applicants with a w orking knowledge of french or german. preferential consideration will also be given to applicants with relevant acquisitions and/or bibliographic experience. s ubm it resume, including salary requirements and three references, to: box 35, b utler library c olum bia university 535 w . 114th s treet new york, ny 10027 s alary ranges for 1982-83: librarian ii, $22,500-$29,250; librarian iii, $25,500-$36,975. applications: july 3 1 ,1 9 8 3 . deadline for an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 212 / c &r l news 335-3403. closing date for applications: no earlier than june 15, 1983. indiana university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. instructio n and orientation librarian, assistant or associate rank. responsibilities: planning, developing, and coordi­ nating instruction and orientation for the main library and the branch libraries on the bloomington campus; providing leadership, general direction, and assistance to other librarians who participate in in­ structional activities; and collecting, creating, and maintaining files of instructional materials. also responsible for publications and other handouts used in the instruction program. evaluates the effective­ ness of classes, programs, and teachers and keeps library faculty, staff, and the university community informed of developments in the libraries’ user education program. serves as a member of the public services committee’s publications subcommittee and is invited to meetings of the public services committee. will work 10 hours each week in the provision of reference services in the undergraduate li­ brary including some night and weekend hours. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; minimum of 2 years of post mls public service library experience with experience in library in­ struction. demonstrated ability to plan and coordinate library pro­ grams. ability to work well independently and with others. familiarity with trends and techniques of library instruction. verbal and written communication skills. supervisory and reference experience prefer­ red. ability to meet the responsibilities and requirements of a tenure track appointment. salary dependent on qualifications and experi­ ence. salary floors are observed. assistant, $15,800; associate, $18,500. send letters of application to: anne rimmer, personnel of­ ficer, indiana university libraries, bloomington, in 47405; (812) 335-3403. closing date for applications: no earlier than june 15, 1983. indiana university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. internatio nal documents librarian. the position re porting to the head of documents combines reference and technical responsibilities for u.s., un and other international documents, and is specifically charged with planning and supervising collection de­ velopment and technical work for several international colllections. participates in library instruction, faculty outreach and online refer­ ence searching. supervises one part-time assistant. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; interest in government publi­ cations; strong public service orientation. preferred: experience with government publications, familiarity with online searching tech­ niques; subject master’s in a social science field; proficiency in a western european language; familiarity with cataloging rules. entry level position. rank of affiliate librarian. salary, $14,000. paid health insurance and retirement. 25 days vacation. additional benefits. send resume and either names of three references or a placement address to: winn margetts, library personnel, university of utah li­ braries, salt lake city, ut 84112. interviewing at ala in los an­ geles. deadline june 30,1983. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarian, architecture & fine arts library and music library. the university of florida libraries is looking for a librarian to administer the operations of the architecture & fine arts library and the music library. applicants should have an mls from an accredited library school, at least six years pertinent professional experience, and demonstrated ability to supervise and to work effec­ tively with faculty, staff, and students. the appointment is for twelve months with faculty status and tenure track. there are twenty-two working days vacation per year, eight paid holidays, and state retire­ ment plan at no cost to the employee. appointment will be at the as­ s o c ia te u n iv e rs ity l ib ra ria n ra n k w ith a sa lary b e tw e e n $15,660-$25,100. applications should be made by july 31, 1983, to: r. max willocks, 215 library west, university of florida libraries, gainesville, fl 32611. the university of florida libraries comply with section 503 of the rehabilitation act of 1973, and is an equal opportunity affirmative action employer. original materials cataloger. trinity university of san antonio, texas, invites applications for the position of original mate­ rials cataloger, a faculty appointment in a rapidly-growing and dy­ namic university library. trinity is strongly committed to excellence in support of the liberal arts tradition at the bachelor’s and master’ s de­ gree levels. primary responsibilities include cataloging: all english language m onographic materials requiring original cataloger; some foreign language monographs; and all trinity theses and research projects. may have some responsibility for the daily operations of university of wisconsin associate director for collection development the university of wisconsin general library system is accepting applications for the position of associ­ ate d irectorfor collection development. benefits include 22 vacation days, sick leave, group health and life insurance and a state retirement plan. salary minimum: $40,000. the associate director for collection development of the university of wisconsin-madison libraries has prim ary responsibility for collection developm ent policies and procedures for the general library system and for the allocation of its acquisitions budget (currently about 2.5 million dollars). in coordinating collec­ tion policies, priorities, and procedures, the associate director for collection development considers the advice of the selectors (who include the subject bibliographers and the branch librarians), the library coordinating council, the university library committee, faculty, and administrators. the associate direc­ tor for collection development maintains close contact with cam pus-wide academic planning activities in order to relate library collection developm ent policy to the wider planning process on the madison campus. on matters of collection developm ent and administration, the subject bibliographers and the curator of rare books report to the associate director for collection development; the branch librarians report to him or her on matters of collection developm ent alone. in addition, the associate director for collection development is responsible in the area of collection developm ent for preparing grant proposals and initiat­ ing other fund-raising activites. the associate director for collection d evelopment reports to the director of libraries and works closely with the director in the overall administration of the general library. in certain circumstances he or she serves as acting director in the absence of the director. the director of libraries may delegate to the associate director for collection development the function of liaison with the university of wisconsin system and other state libraries and regional networks in the area of collection development. the candidate must have an mls from an ala-accredited library school and a strong academic back­ ground, and must show evidence of substantial scholarly achievement, broad bibliographical knowledge, and five years of relevant experience in a major research library. applications including resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references should be directed to: sandra pfahler, assistant director to r budget and personnel, 360 memorial library, 728 state street, madison, wl 53706. applications must be postmarked by june 30, 1983. eeo/aa employer. june 1983 / 213 oclc including supervision and training of oclc operators. re­ quired qualifications include: the mls from an ala-accredited li­ brary school; knowledge of aacr2; knowledge of library of con­ gress cla ssifica tion system and su bje ct headings; reading knowledge of at least one foreign language; knowledge of the oclc system; and initiative, creativity, and strong communications skills. highly desirable is cataloging experience in an academic library. an additional graduate degree is also desirable. instructor or assistant professor rank with tenure-track. salary minimum of $16,500, higher depending on experience or other qualifications. twelve month ap­ pointment, tiaa/cref and liberal ringe benefits. send letter of appli­ cation, detailed resume and names of three references by july 7, 1983, to: chair, search committee, original materials cataloger, trinity university library, 715 stadium drive, san antonio, tx 78284. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. program manager. the research libraries group (rlg) lo­ cated on the stanford campus is a consortium owned by twenty-five of the nation’s major universities and other research institutions. rlg is committed to the development of innovative applications of com­ puter technology to the capture, storage, retrieval and delivery of in­ formation to support research and scholarship in the u.s. rlg is cur­ rently recruiting two program managers to support the daily operation of the shared resources, collection development and preservation programs of the corporation. responsibilities will in­ clude: analysis of collection development verification studies; man­ agement of conspectus data collection and products; analysis of in­ terlibrary loan statistical data; management of rlg’s reference liaison program; management of activities associated with the pres­ ervation projects; and grants administration staff support. qualifica­ tions: mls degree or equivalent; three years experience as a refer­ ence librarian, bibliographer, curator, or cataloger in a major research library; strong organizational, editorial, verbal, writing and interpersonal skills. reading knowledge of one or more foreign lanu gages, statistical skills, supervisory experience, and familiarity with rlin desirable. salary: $1,854-$2,312/month. to apply, submit a resume with the names of 3 references, to the following address. for further information contact: art wilson, stanford university, old pa­ vilion (personnel), stanford, ca 94305; (415) 497-3117. equal op­ portunity employer through affirmative action. public services librarian to develop and coordinate an on­ line information retrieval system. must have library degree from an ala-accredited library school. must be able to communicate and work effectively with all segments of the academic community. expe­ rience in database searching highly desirable. will participate in gen­ eral reference services, including library instruction. twelve month appointment with faculty rank. salary range $17,000-$22,500 de­ pendent upon experience and qualifications. mcneese state uni­ versity has a library budget of $1.059 million and over 260,000 vol­ umes. 13 professional librarians serve a faculty of 305 and student population of 7,500. interviews can be arranged at ala in los an­ geles. send letter of application, names of 3 references, and current resume before july 1 ‚ 1983, to: richard h. reid, director of library services, frazar memorial library, mcneese state university, lake charles, la 70609. an equal opportunity employer. reference librarian, education library. affiliate or as­ sistant librarian. responsible for the provision of reference services, including computer-assisted reference services and library instruc­ tion and orientation; coordinating the activities of the reference assis­ tant and the preparation of bibliographies and other documents. some night and weekend hours are required. mls from an ala accredited library school; background in education and/or informa­ tion science; minimum of one year post-mls public services experi­ ence preferred. experience with computer-assisted reference ser­ vices; basic kn ow ledge of edu catio n reference materials; demonstrated ability to relate effectively to students, faculty and staff; ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writing. an edu­ cation degree and/or relevant experience and supervisory experi­ ence are preferred. ability to meet the responsibilities and require­ ments o f a tenure-track appointm e n t. salary d e p e n d e n t on qualifications and experience. salary floors are observed: affiliate, $14,500; and assistant, $15,800. send letters of application to: anne rim mer, personnel o fficer, indiana u niversity libraries, bloomington, in 47405; (812) 335-3403. closing date for applica­ tions: no earlier than june 15, 1983. indiana university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian. two positions available as subject spe­ cialist in business assigned to the graduate business administration library. principal duties: reference assistance, database searching, orientation, and participation in classroom instruction. qualifications: accredited mls, degree in business or related subject area prefer­ red. two years experience in an academic or special business li­ brary. benefits: faculty status (subject master's degree required for promotion beyond the rank of library associate, instructor equiva­ lent); tiaa/cref; five weeks annual vacation. salary: minimum $20,000. apply: send resume and letter of application, including the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references by june 30, 1983, to: new york university, elmer holmes bobst li­ brary, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012, attn: connie colter. nyu is an affirmative action institution. reference librarian, undergraduate library. re­ sponsible for providing reference services, teaching in library in­ struction program, and participating in collection development. ala-accredited mls, or equivalent, required; reference experience preferred; library instruction and database searching experience de­ sirable; ability to relate well with undergraduate students; effective communication skills. tenure-track position. 12-month appointment, 24 days annual leave, tuition remission, usual benefits. salary ranges, d ep en d en t upon qualifications: instructor, $14,000-$16,000; assistant professor, $16,000-$18,000. send let­ ter of application, resume, and 3 letters of reference or placement folder by july 15 to: jill keally, personnel librarian, the university of tennessee library, knoxville, tn 37996-1000. u tk is a n eeo, afffir' mative action, title ix, section 504 employer. reference librarian/visual arts specialist. general reference, online searching and bibliographic instruction in library of college with special programs in the performing and visual arts. col­ lection development in visual arts and art history; responsibility for slide collection and picture file. master’s degree from ala accredited library school and knowledge of french, german or ital­ ian required; preference given to candidates with second master's in art history. salary: $15,500 + depending upon qualifications and ex­ perience. faculty status and liberal fringe benefits including tiaa /cref. send resume and names of 3 references by june 30,1983, to: deanne molinari, affirmative action officer, suny college at pur­ chase, purchase, ny 10577. science reference librarian/bibliographer. re sponsible for the library’s collection development in assigned sci­ ence disciplines, including approval plans, firm orders, gifts and seri­ als. provides service at the reference desk, including some weekend and evening hours. participates in an active program of li­ brary instruction and computerized database searching in the disci­ plines of selection responsibility. requires a master's degree from an ala-accredited library school and an undergraduate degree in a science discipline or professional library experience in science refer­ ence. salary $15,500-$19,500 depending on qualifications. excel­ lent benefits including choice of retirement programs. the university of houston-central campus libraries has 1.4 million volumes, a ma­ terials budget of $1.9 million, and a staff of 54 professionals and 170 support staff. applications accepted thru july 1 ‚ 1983. send letter of application, names of 3 references, and resume to: dana rooks, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity.emptoyerr ........ / " — ‚ science reference librarian. search extendary participates with other librari ans in general reference duties, online searching, bibliographic śtruction, and collection development. liaison responsibilities with science departments, college of engineering, and college of nurs­ ing. ala-accredited master’s. highly desirable: two years reference ; and bibliographic instruction experience in an academic library; ex­ perience in online searching, particularly in the sciences; undergrad­ uate and/or advanced degree in science. twelve-month appoint­ ment; proposed effective date: september 1983; faculty rank and salary commensurate with qualifications, $16,500 minimum; tiaa /cref and university mandated benefits. send resume and names of three references by july 15,1983, to: raymond a. frankie, direc­ t o r , j. murrey atkins library, the university of north carolina at charlotte is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. serials cata loger, trinity university of san antonio, texas, invites applications for the position of serials cataloger, a faculty ap­ pointment in a rapidly-growing and dynamic university library. trinity is strongly committed to excellence in support of the liberal arts tradi­ tion at the bachelor's and master’s degree levels. primary responsi­ bilities include cataloging of all serials titles; cataloging monographs in one foreign language, either french, russian, or german; and cat­ aloging all non-book materials. may have some responsibility for the daily operation of oclc including supervision and training of oclc operators. required qualifications include: the mls from an ala accredited library school; knowledge of aacr2, particularly as re­ lated to serials; knowledge of library of congress classification sys­ tems and subject headings; reading knowledge of at least one of the foreign languages specified above; familiarity with oclc or other in house automated systems; and initiative, creativity, and strong com­ munications skills. highly desirable is experience in serials acquisi­ tions or serials cataloging in an academic library. an additional graduate degree is also desirable. instructor or assistant professor rank with tenure-track. salary minimum of $16,500, higher depend­ ing on experience or other qualifications. twelve month appoint­ ment, tiaa/cref and liberal fringe benefits. send letter of applica­ tion, detailed resume and names of three references by july 7,1983, to: chair, search committee, serials cataloger, trinity university li­ brary, 715 stadium drive, san antonio, tx 78284. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. serials cataloging section head, university of califor­ nia, santa barbara. supervises serials section of cataloging depart­ ment. duties include original cataloging and classification of serials and analytics, revision of contributed cataloging work by library as­ sistants, and resolution of complex bibliographical problems. re214 / c& rl news quirements: mls, at least two years professional experience in seri­ als c a ta lo g in g , e x p e rie n c e w ith aac r1 a n d a a c r 2, lc classification and lc subject headings, online cataloging systems, and supervisory experience. facility with european languages and w ith a u to m a te d se ria ls c a ta lo g in g d e s ire d . s a la ry ra n ge : $17,412 -$ 3 0 ,648 dependent upon experience and qualifications. applications must be received by july 1 5,1983. send letter of appli­ cation, names of references, and resume to: margaret deacon, as­ sistant university librarian, ucsb library, university of california, santa barbara, ca 93106. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. staff services librarian, university of georgia (salary mini­ mum $17,000). duties: responsible for administering classified staff personnel program, establishing orientation and staff development programs, developing and maintaining a comprehensive personnel manual, and assisting with personnel functions related to librarians. reports to the assistant director for administrative services. the li­ braries staff consists of 150 classified personnel, 65 librarians, and 200 student assistants. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; knowl­ edge of and demonstrated interest in academ ic/research librarian­ ship; ability to work effectively with all levels o f library staff and with other university personnel; interest in and ability to present effective orientation and staff developm ent programs; ability to handle per­ sonnel matters with sensitivity and confidentiality; commitment to af­ firmative action guidelines; excellent communication skills; effective organizational skills; knowledge of principles of personnel manage­ ment preferred. application procedure: send letter of application by july 8, 1983, including resume and names of three references to: bonnie jackson clemens, assistant director for administrative ser­ vices, university of g eorgia libraries, athens, g a 30602. this posi­ tion will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal o ppor­ tunity, affirmative action institution. user education librarian. 75% position (30 hrs/week); there is some possibility that the position may becom e full-time. as­ sists in planning, implementing and evaluating user education pro­ grams for undergraduate and graduate students; includes class­ room instruction. contributes to the developm ent of instructional materials, and provides some reference service. requires flexible scheduling to meet changing program needs. reports to the direc­ tor of library user education. faculty are expected to meet univer­ sity requirements for tenure and promotion, including research, pub­ lication, and service. required: mls from a la-accredited program; demonstrated interest in bibliographic instruction; ability to com m u­ nicate clearly and effectively, orally and in writing. desirable: experi­ ence in library user education, with instructional use of audio-visual materials and with online bibliographic systems; broad subject back­ ground. salary: $ 12,000-$14,400 for 75%. a pp ly by 8 july to: sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state university li­ braries, 1858 neil avenue, columbus, oh 43210. submit detailed resume with names and addresses of at least 3 references. an eeo/affirmative action employer. qualified women, m inority and handicapped persons as well as others are encouraged to apply. assistant director for technical services. position available: immediately. requirements: requires minimum of an ala-accredited master's degree in library science and five years of progressively more responsible professional experience in the technical services of a large academic library. a second master's preferred. demonstrated successful supervisory experience and thorough knowledge of automated systems. demonstrated ability to communicate effectively with various levels of university staff and to manage a large acquisitions budget. duties and responsibilities: participation in overall library planning, budget preparation and the formulation of library policies; development and implementation of plans and policies for technical services in consulation with divisional staff; coordination of automated processes in the division; preparation of annual and special reports on problems and progress in technical services; representation of the department on the library council; assumption of any special responsibilities and duties that are assigned by the library administration; directly supervising eight department and unit heads; coordination of divisional staff training and development. benefits: excellent benefits package including health, dental, life and disability insurance; tax-deferred annuity program available; educational assistance program. library information: the university of missouri-columbia library, an arl library, serves a student body of 24,500 and a faculty of 2,600 with a collection of over two million volumes and over 2.4 million microforms. an online catalog, to serve the four campuses of the university, is being developed. general information: founded in 1839 as the first state university west of mississippi, the university of missouri now has four campuses. the columbia campus has 19 schools and colleges, and is located midway between kansas city and st. louis. application deadline: july 15, 1983. minimum salary: $33,500. send letter of application, names of three references and resume to: pat burbridge, personnel coordinator, 104 ellis library, university of missouri-columbia, columbia, mo 65201. an equal opportunity employer. business librarian. primarily a public service position. works closely with head to determine activities, policies, and procedures. shares reference and other responsibilities, such as coordination of library instruction, database searching, computerized circulation activities, preparation of reference guides, hiring and scheduling of student staff. a staff of three library assistants plus students complement the three professional positions. required: ala—mls; degree in business; library public service experience with emphasis on reference; some knowledge or experience with online database searching. instructor rank, faculty status. $14,500 for 12 months, two-year ju n e 1983 / 215 appointment ending june 30, 1985. may be renewed. twenty days annual leave plus ten paid holidays. excellent fringes. send letter of application, resume, academic credentials, and placement file to: carl sachtleben, director of libraries, western michigan university, kalamazoo, mi 49008. an eeo, aa employer. catalog maintenance librarian, automated processing department. supervises operation of the section. responsible for maintenance of the online catalog (lcs) and the card catalog. selects, trains, supervises, and revises the work of 12 support staff and 10-15 student assistants. oversees the interface of oclc data with the online catalog and the maintenance of headings and holdings files. recatalogs and upgrades catalog information and resolves problems. is responsible for the operation of the department one or two evenings a week. reports to the head of the department. required: master’s degree from ala-accredited program; at least two years post-mls experience in original cataloging using aacr2 and lc classsification and subject headings; substantial experience with oclc or other bibliographic utilities; supervisory experience; ability to communicate effectively orally and in writing; ability to adapt to frequently changing environment. highly desirable: reading knowledge of one or more western european languages and familiarity with automated library systems. faculty are expected to meet university requirements for promotion and tenure including research, publication, and service. $17,040-$19‚560. apply by 8 july to: sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state university libraries, 1858 neil ave. mall, columbus, oh 43210. submit resume with names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references. an aa/ee0 employer. qualified women, minority, and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. collection management department head. associate librarian, $25,440-$30,672 for 12 months (ten month option with proportionate salary reduction available). required: ala-accredited degree; 7-8 years professional library experience; minimum three years as a collection management librarian in academic library. send inquiry and resume including names and addresses of three references who have observed candidate’s professional performance and human relationships, to: walter h. roeder, chair, search committee, c/o library office, 15-102 california state polytechnic university, 3801 w. temple ave., pomona, ca 91768. closing date: july 15. ee0/aa employer. coordinating cataloger, automated processing department (search extended). supervises operation of the section responsible for editing and input of cataloging data through oclc to create records in the local online catalog. trains, schedules, supervises, and revises the work of 10 support staff and 10-15 student assistants. upgrades, enhances, and solves problems related to cataloging copy through application of aacr2 and lc classification and subject headings; serves as liaison with catalog department for resolution of cataloging problems. compiles statistics and reports, and maintains procedure manuals. responsible for operation of the department one or two evenings per week. reports to the head of the department. required: master's degree from ala-accredited program, two or more years post-mls cataloging experience using aacr2, lc classification and subject headings; substantial experience with oclc or other bibliographic utilities; supervisory experience; ability to communicate effectively orally and in writing; ability to adapt to frequently changing environment. desirable: reading knowledge of one or more western european languages. faculty are expected to meet university requirements for promotion and tenure, including research, publication and service. salary: $17,040-$19‚560. apply by 8 july to: sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state university libraries, 1858 neil avenue mall, columbus, oh 43210. include resume and names and addresses of at least three 216 / c &rl news references. an aa/eeo employer. qualified women, minority, and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. head of cataloging department. significant professional opportunity for innovative librarian in university library with full online public cataloging. responsible for unit of three professional and ten support staff. position includes responsibility for coordination of bibliographic files throughout the library. minimum qualifications; an ala-mls and at least seven years of relevant professional experience, including 1) demonstrated supervisory and management skills; 2) recent in-depth cataloging and automation related activities; 3) experience with oclc or other bibliographic utilities or networks. desirable qualifications include background in authority control, non-print media, online catalog development. salary range is $25,440-$30,672; 24 days annual vacation and liberal benefits. position is associate librarian rank, tenure-track, 12-month. send by july 17, 1983, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current professional references, and resume with complete record of education, experience, and salary, to: frederick ryan, assistant library director for systems and technical services, meriam library, california state university, chico, ca 95929. csu chico is located 90 miles north of sacramento in an attractive northern california setting, and is an affirmative action employer. head of circulation and interlibrary loan services. position available: september 1, 1983. requirements: ala-accredited master's degree in library science. minimum of five years professional library experience, at least two of which should be in a large academic library. at least two years experience in circulation activities; experience with automated circulation systems highly desirable. supervisory experience, communication skills and strong service orientation essential. duties and responsibilities: responsible for the administration of circulation services, which includes circulation, reserve collection sevices, interlibrary loans, shelving, billing, security, and the library annex. supervision of 13 full-time staff members, and approximately 80 student assistants. supervision of all automated activities and equipment maintenance in the department. plans for future circulation needs with library administration, appropriate library staff and university computer center. benefits: excellent benefits package including health, dental, life and disability insurance; tax-deferred annuity program available; education assistance program. library information: the university of missouri-columbia library, an arl library, serves a student body of 24,500 and a faculty of 2,600 with a collection of over two million volumes and over 2.4 million microforms. an online catalog, to serve the four campuses of the university is being developed. general information: founded in 1839 as the first state university west of mississippi, the university of missouri now has four campuses. the columbia campus has 19 schools and colleges, and is located midway between kansas city and st. louis. application deadline: july 15, 1983. minimum salary: $19,500. send letter of application, names of three references and resume to: pat burbridge, personnel coordinator, 104 ellis library, university of missouri-columbia, columbia, mo 65201. an equal opportunity employer. head, learning resources center, mansfield campus. administers library and learning resources programs and services, including planning, budgeting, staffing and directing the activities of the learning resources center which serves the 3,000 students and 175 faculty of the osu-mansfield campus and the north central technical college. manages technical and public services. reports to the associate dean of the mansfield campus and, for coordination purposes, to the vice president for academic affairs of north central technical college and to the head of undergraduate libraries in columbus. june 1983 / 217 required: mls from ala‚-accredited program; substantial post-mls professional experience, preferably in public services; experience in the development and creation of a/v materials and with a/v equipment; user-education or teaching experience; supervisory experience; ability to communicate effectively orally and in writing; and to interpret and promote the learning resources center to the campus community. highly desirable: administrative and technical services and experience, as well as familiarity with the needs of students in a technical program. faculty are expected to meet university requirements for promotion and tenure including research, publication, and service. $22,080-$27,720. apply by 8 july to: sharon a. sullivan, personnel librarian, ohio state university libraries, 1858 neil ave. mall, columbus, oh 43210. submit resume with names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references. an aa/eeo employer. qualified women, minority, and handicapped persons, as well as others, are encouraged to apply. head of reference/information services and collection development. administers a department of 16 professionals and 31 support staff responsible for reference service, collection development, user education, computer searching, interlibrary loans, government documents, copy service, and four branch libraries (architecture, music, optometry, and pharmacy). under the general direction of the assistant director for public services and collection development, this position is responsible for planning, coordinating, and managing the operations of the department, training and evaluating staff, and for the direct supervision of the assistant head of reference, the coordinators of the department's service programs, and the branch librarians. current projects include a collection analysis project, implementation of a library skills workbook into the english core curriculum, and planning for the impact on reference and branch libraries of an online catalog, circulation, and acquisition system. requires ala-accredited mls, substantial professional experience (3+ years) in a major academic or research librry, proven supervisory capability, substantial experience in reference services, leadership ability with strong interpersonal skills, excellent oral and written communication skills. desirable qualifications include: experience in other areas of responsibility of reference department, with collection development experience highly desirably. salary from upper $20s, depending on qualifications and experience. excellent benefits, including choice of retirement programs, 88% of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary. the university of houston-university park libraries have a 1.4 million volume collection, a 1983/84 acquisitions budget of over $2 million, and a staff of 54 professionals and 170 support staff. the library is a member of arl. to ensure consideration applications must be received by july 10, 1983. preliminary interviews available at ala. send letter of application, names of three references, and resume to: dana rooks, university houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. head of technical services. responsible for all technical services operations; interacts with centralized serials, acquisitions, and cataloging units in bloomington; includes some public services responsibilities, including reference. mls from ala-accredited library school, reading knowledge of at least one modern european language; ability to supervise staff and deal with complicated procedures; 2-3 years experience required; knowledge of aacr2; must be able to meet the responsibilities of a tenure-track appointment. assistant librarian rank, minimum salary $16,000. 22 days vacation, blue cross-blue shield, dental, life, tiaa/cref. closing date july 7, 1983. send letter of application and resume, including names of three references, to: james mullins, director, indiana university at south bend, p0 box 7111, south bend, in 46634. indiana university is an eeo/aa employer. 218 / c &rl news humanities or social sciences/reference librarian, the bniversity of texas at san antonio library. duties include general reference, collection development in area of expertise, online searching, library instruction and some supervisory responsibility. ala-accredited mls degree and second master's in one of the humanities or social sciences, training in online database searching required. experience in any of the areas of responsibility highly desirable. salary: $15,000 minimum for 12 months with usual fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: margaret a. joseph, assistant director for public services, the university of texas at san antonio library, san antonio, tx 78285. utsa is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarian. maine maritime academy is seeking a librarian with skills in both reader services and technical services with a strong interest in computer applications. qualifications: mls, familiarity with aacr2 and with automation. academic library experience with working knowledge of oclc, lc classification, and online bibliographical searching preferred. interest in maritime field desirable. salary: $18,200. twelve-month appointment. available: august 15, 1983. send letter of application, resume, and three references by june 30, 1983, to: marjorie harrison, librarian, maine maritime academy, box c-l, castine, me 04420. librarian, reference division, maryland historical society. mls, genealogical research experience, general knowledge of maryland history. administers collection of books, specialized files. supervises reference and cataloging activity. plans for improvement of organization and accessibility of collections, including automated acquisitions and cataloging routines. minimum: $12,800. generous benefits. available july 1. resumes to: william b. keller, maryland historical society, 201 w. monument st., baltimore, md 21201. music cataloger. the university of arizona is seeking a professional librarian responsible for original cataloging of music scores, recordings, and monographs. serves as the liaison to the staff of the music collection. requirements: an ala-accredited degree; experience in cataloging both scores and recordings according to aacr2; strong background or degree in music; experience with lc classification and lcsh; facility with french and german languages preferred; experience with oclc or a similar utility desired. salary range $16‚500-$21,000. professional librarians at ua have faculty status but twelve-month continuing appointments, earn 22 days of vacation, and have a standard package of holidays and other benefits. send letter of application, resume, and names of three referees by july 15 to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. the university is an ee0/aa employer. reference librarian, st. mary’s college of maryland. the college is a publicly-supported liberal arts college with no religious affiliation, located on the water in the country 70 miles southeast of washington, dc. duties: reference desk work, bibliographic instruction, online searching (experience in brs or dialog preferred). we are seeking someone with a strong commitment to public services in general and bibliographic instruction in particular. schedule includes nights and weekends. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library school. prefer* given candidates with some previous professional experience. salary starting range: $14,666-$15,520, depending on background and experience. tiaa/cref or maryland state retirement, 22 days annual leave, blue cross-blue shield. applications accepted through july 1, position available august 1983. send resume and ask three references to write letters of reference to: john g. williamson, director of the library, st. june 1983 / 219 mary’s college of maryland, st. mary's city, md 20686. st. mary's college is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian, university of california, irvine. entry level position at assistant librarian rank. responsibilities: general and subject/specialized reference service ranging from factual information to in depth research. reference collection development (selection, weeding, and management) in literature and other humanities. liaison with faculty and students in subject areas. active participation in orientation and bibliographic instruction program at the undergraduate and graduate levels. participation in and contribution to general work of the department. some night and weekend work required. qualifications: required— mls, strong commitment to public service with an emphasis on bibliographic instruction and clear commitment to the profession, strong verbal and written communication skills, ability to work effectively, independently, and cooperatively with others; desirable— ma in english or american literature, professional experience in public service, training or experience in bibliographic instruction, knowledge of both traditional and machine-assisted reference services in an academic library. assistant librarian salary range, $17,412-$22,284 per year, depending upon qualifications and experience. benefits in uc equal to approximately 40% of salary. applicants need to send letters, resumes, and the names of three references to: michael j. maclnnes, library personnel office, university of california-irvine, po box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; (714) 833-7115. deadline for applications: july 1, 1983. applicants should indicate whether they will be available for a preliminary interview at the june ala conference. uci is an affirmative action employer. women and minorities especially encouraged to apply for this position. serials cataloger. responsible for cataloging and classification of serials in all subject areas. required: mls from ala-accredited school or equivalent; working knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and lc subject headings. reading knowledge of spanish and familiarity with oclc preferred. appointment at librarian i level. minimum salary $16,000. liberal benefits. twelve months academic appointment. closing date for applications july 15, 1983. please forward resume and three letters of recommendation to: kate maniscalco, administrative assistant, tulane university libraries, new orleans, la 70118. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. science/social science cataloger. the university of arizona is seeking a professional librarian responsible for the original cataloging of monographs in selected subject areas, including geography, geology, statistics, economics, and technology. ua is a large, academic research library. requirements: an ala-accredited degree; working knowledge of aacr2; experience with lc classification; experience with oclc or a similar utility; at least one foreign language. advanced degree in a science or social science field is desirable. salary range $16,500-$21,000. professional librarians at ua have faculty status but twelve month continuing appointments, earn 22 days of vacation, and have a standard package of holidays and other benefits. send letter of application, resume, and names of three referees by july 15 to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. the university is an eeo/aa employer. checklist of selected gale reference books c o n te m p o r a r y a u th o rs v olum e 107 brings the total coverage to over 7 2,000 writers and media personalities. cumulative indexes in even numbered new v o lu m e s . $ 7 6 . 0 0 / v o l. ( s o ) ca n e w r e v is io n s er ie s . vols. 1-8 in print. $76.00/ vol. (s o ) c o n te m p o r a r y l ite r a ry c r iti c is m t h is continuing series provides excerpts from current criticism of m ajo r authors now living or deceased since 19 6 0 .1 5 0 -2 0 0 a u th o rs p e r vol. v o ls . 1 -2 4 in p rin t. $76.00/vol. (s o ) t w e n tie th -c e n tu r y l ite r a ry c r iti c is m each volume furnishes long excerpts from r e p r e s e n ta tiv e c r itic is m on th e g re a t novelists, poets, and playwrights o f 1900 1960. author portraits, starting with vol. 4. about 600pp. per vol. vols. 1-9 in print. $76.00/vol. (s o ) n in e te e n th -c e n tu ry l ite r a tu re c r iti c is m m eets the need for a co nvenient source of w ide-ranging critical com m ent on authors o f 1 8 0 0 1 9 0 0 . e a ch v o lu m e p r e s e n ts definitive overviews o f about 30 authors. about 600p p . per vol. vols. 1-3 in print. $ 7 4 .00/vol. (s o ) d i c tio n a r y o f l ite r a r y b io g ra p h y a m ulti-volum e series designed to fill a long-standing gap in literary biographical scholarship. each volume focuses on a sp ecific literary m ovem ent o r period, so the en tire series will ultimately encom pass all who have contributed to the greatness o f literatu re in a m erica, england, and elsewhere. vols. 1-17 in print. (s o ) ( w r ite f o r d e t a ils ) c o n te m p o r a r y issu es c r iti c is m g athers excerpts from many critics on a wide range o f contem porary issues, all fully indexed by writer, critic, and subject. about 6 0 w riters p er vol. about 6 0 0 pp. per vol. vol. 1 in print. $66.00/vol. (s o ) b io g ra p h y a lm a n a c 2nd ed. a guide to biographies o f over 2 3 ,0 0 0 new sw orthy p e rso n s, p ast and present. e n trie s include data for quick identifications. vol. 1. 1,352 pp. 1983. $ 4 8 .0 0 . (s o ) vol. 2, chronological index by y e a r, chronological index by d ate, g eograp hic index. 1,272 pp. 1983. $48.00. (s o ) $ 8 4 .00/set. s u p p le m e n t will cover 2 ,5 0 0 persons. softbound. 200pp. 1984. $35.00. (s o ) s o m e th in g a b o u t th e a u th o r heavily illustrated child-oriented reference tool. each volume contains articles on 150 2 0 0 juven ile and young adult authors and illustrators. about 250pp. per vol. vols. 1-30 in print. $ 5 2 .00/vol. (s o ) c h ild r e n ’s l ite r a tu re r e v ie w provides excerpts from current criticism on past and present authors of children’s books. about 50 authors per vol. illus­ trations, sta rtin g w ith vol. 4. vols. 1-4 in print. $58.00/vol. (s o ) m a g ill’s l ite r a ry a n n u al each annual two-volum e set furnishes critical evaluations and summ aries o f the previous year's 20 0 m ost significant books. about 900p p . per set. annuals for 1978 1982 in print. published by salem press. a vailable in n o rth a m erica from gale. $ 5 0 .00/set. (s o ) (so ) t h ese titles are available at g ale’s 5 % s ta n d in g o rd e r discount. a ll gale books are se n t on 90-day ap p roval. d educt 5 % if you send check w ith order. c u sto m ers o u tsid e th e u.s. a n d canada add 10% to p rices show n. gale research co. b o o k t o w e r • d e t r o it, m i 4 8 2 2 6 t o o r d e r b y p h o n e : 1-800-5 2 1-0707 to llfre e . in c anada, m ich ig an , a laska, a n d h aw aii 1-313-961-2242 college & researc libraries news a s s o c ia tio n o f c o lle g e & r e s e a rc h l ib ra rie s j u n e 1 9 8 3 v o l. 4 4 , n o . 6 h photos by f. peter weil, newbery library c areful handling o f rare research m aterials is a m ajor concern. n ote the cradle, b ooksnake, an d use o f pencil. special collections desk duty: preventing damage anthony j. a m odeo carbondale, illinois the desk attendant in a special collections, rare book, or archives reading room is in a unique position regarding the conservation of the collections. both surveillance for the prevention of theft and monitor­ ing the physical treatment of materials are obviously important responsibilities. an additional contribu­ tion which deserves attention is the desk attendant’s attitude toward the collections and their handling, which is picked up by both patrons and staff. the following suggestions have been drawn up as a sample of the kinds of concerns that should be addressed in the training of special collections desk attendants. (continued on p. 180) acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 146 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 c l a s s i f i e d a d s career oppoiiunities from across the country deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisem ents must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., septem ber 2 for the o ctober issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: c lassified advertisem ents are $9.50 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $11.50 for others. late job notices are $22.00 per line fo r institutions that are acrl members, $26.75 for others. o rganizations subm it­ ting ads will be charged according to their m em bership status. display ad rates range from $435 to $820 based upon size. please call for sizes and rates. or see our website: http://w w w .ala.org/acrl/advert2.htm l. guidelines: for ads that list an application deadline, we suggest that date be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., o ctober 20 for the o ctober issue). all job announcem ents should include a salary range per policy of the am erican library association (ala). job announcem ents will be edited to exclude discrim inatory references. applicants should be aware that the term s faculty rank and status vary in meaning am ong institutions. internet: c&rl news classified ads are accessible on the w orld w ide w eb at http://w w w .ala.org/acrl/c& rlnew 2.htm l. ads will be placed approxim ately 2 -3 weeks before the printed edition of c&rl news is published. contact: c hristopher becker, c lassified advertising m an­ ager, c&rl news c lassified advertising departm ent, acrl, am erican library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795; (31 2)2 80 -2 5 13 ; fax: (312) 280 7663 or (312) 280-2520; e-mail: c & rlnew sads@ ala.org. policy: ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications or placement services comply with ala anti-discrimination policies. policy 54.3 states that “ala is committed to equality of opportunity for all library employ­ ees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life­ style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala ser­ vices, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. positions open access services division head. isu's milner library seeks an innovative, service-oriented leadertom anagecirculation services, print and electronic reserve, interlibrary loan, document delivery, storage, and building security with a staff of 12 career fte employees. this library faculty member will evaluate workflow, procedures, and policies of access service units; maintain and apply current knowledge of copyright and intellectual property issues; work general reference desk for occasional weekend hours; participate in library and university governance; pursue scholarship and service tofulfill tenure requirements. qualifications: ala accredited master's, 2nd advanced degree, 2 years’ experience in auto­ mated circulation systems, 3years’ supervision, excellent communication skills. salary: $37,600 at assistant professor, plus $2,400 administrative stipend. standard benefits. starts: july 1,2000. to apply: by february 1, 2000, submit letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: access services search committee, attn: cheryl elzy, dean of univer­ sity libraries, milner library, illinois state university, cam pus box 8900, normal, il 61790-8900. for more on milner library, contact our website at www.m lb.ilstu.edu. illinois state is an affirmative action/equal opportunity university encouraging diversity. assistant librarians. the university library seeks professionals to join its team-based, innovative, flexible, user-oriented organization. the library is com mitted to continuous learning, increasing client self-suffi ciency, fostering diversity in thecam pus environment, and furthering its own cultural transmission, educational, and preservation roles. the fine arts and humanities tearn announces a search forfour assistant librar­ ians the in following areas: music (job #15519), interdisciplinary (job #15520), english & american literature (job #15521), and media arts (job #15522). these positions require a m aster’s degree in library/ information science (mls) from an ala-accredited institution. activities include selection of information resources, library education and course related instruction, in-depth reference and consultation services, liaison . with faculty, assessment and evaluation of information and service needs of customers, general reference services, training and supervision and library-wide responsibilities. in addition, the digital library initiatives group is recruiting for an assistant librarian. this position requires an mls from an ala-accredited institution, a m aster’s degree in m anage­ ment information systems, or another relevant field of study. only appli­ cants with an mls degree may be granted continuing eligibility status. a selected candidate without an mls will receiveayear-to-yearappointment. the successful candidate will provide leadership in the selection, budget­ ing, and implementation of majordigitization initiatives; establish evalua­ tive criteria from which priorities may be determined, policies developed, and performance measures specified; and establish the technical archi­ tecture supporting the library’s transition to digital services. for complete duties, responsibilities and qualifications, see the human resources website at http://www.hr.arizona.edu. the hiring rangeforall five positions is $35,460-$44,157 doe. to apply, send a cover letterciting position title salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for governmental agencies that employ librarians. the recommendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommendations for minimum salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recom­ mended minimums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15, 1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, orthe annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel resources. connecticut $31,273 delaware $22,500+ lllinois $27,400# indiana varies* iowa $24,533 louisiana $22,000 maine varies* massachusetts $27,554* new jersey $33,188 new york varies* north carolina $27,641 + ohio $25,198+ pennsylvania $26,400 rhode island $29,800 south carolina varies* south dakota $22,000 texas $28,000 vermont $26,464 west virginia $22,000 wisconsin $32,240 *r a th e rth a n establish one statew ide salary m inim um , som e state associations have adopted a form ula based on such varia bles as com parable salaries for public school teachers in each com m unity o rth e grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for m inim um salary inform ation. +salary m inim um s for public librarians only. #option for local formula. http://www.ala.org/acrl/advert2.html http://www.ala.org/acrl/c&rlnew2.html mailto:rlnewsads@ala.org http://www.mlb.ilstu.edu http://www.hr.arizona.edu c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 147 assistant/associate librarian arizona state university west life sciences/nursing librarian. we seek an individual who can plan, deliver, and assess research support and instruction for diverse students, faculty, and staff. responsibilities include developing innovative approaches to research assistance, collection development, and delivery of services in an organization committed to electronic resources and access. this position provides assistance for complex research inquiries, collaborates with faculty in the design of instructional/learning opportunities, and promotes the integration of infor­ mation competencies into the curriculum. the position carries subject assignments in life sciences and nursing. asu west library is a team-based organization. librarians individually and collaboratively develop programs, services, and web-based resources and select electronic and other mate­ rials. this is a continuing-appointment (tenure) eligible position; scholarship and participa­ tion in service activities are expected. asu west library is in the initial phases of implementing new models of service built on desktop delivery, customizable user interfaces, and information literacy. the library m akes ex te n siv e use o f e le c tro n ic sy ste m s and re s o u rc e s and sp en d s m ore than $ l m annually for collections and access. visit our web site for additional information: http://www.west.asu.edu/asuw/cam pus/lib/libinfo.htm l g eneral inform ation about asu west: asu west, a com ponent o f a rizona state university’s multi-campus plan vision, offers junior, senior, and graduate level research based courses in the arts and sciences, business, education, human services, nursing, and wom en’s studies. the campus is committed to advancing educational, economic, cultural, and social development of the community. located in the northwest phoenix metropolitan area, asu west serves 5,000 students with an expected growth to 10,000 students at its beautiful new campus. please visit our web page at: http://www.west.asu.edu required qualifications: an ala-accredited mls. experience with: a networked com ­ puting environment; database searching; web search engines; web page development; de­ velopment and/or delivery of technology-based instruction; reference service; a variety of computer applications and information formats. demonstrated skill in communication, critical thinking, and/or problem solving. relevant experience or formal education in the life sci­ ences or nursing. preferred qualifications: post-mls professional experience. experience in: development of electronic delivery of services; selection of electronic resources; project/program devel­ opment, management, or assessment. evidence of working knowledge in a variety of web page authoring tools; spanish language ability. experience in or demonstrated commitment to a team-oriented environment. understanding of academic institutions and higher educa­ tion issues. rank and salary: assistant/associate librarian, salary commensurate with experience and rank; $32,000 minimum for assistant librarian. deadline for applications: applications must be received by february 15, or by the 1st or 15th day of each month thereafter until the position is filled. to apply: submit letter of application addressing background and experience relevant to the qualifications; current resume; and names, addresses, telephone numbers and e-mail addresses of four professional references to: deg farrelly, chair, life sciences/nursing librarian search committee, asu west library, p.o. box 37100, phoenix, arizona 85069-7100. asu west is an eo/aa employer. http://www.west.asu.edu/asuw/campus/lib/libinfo.html http://www.west.asu.edu 148 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 and job #, a current resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 professional references to: martina johansen, the univer­ sity of arizona library, 1510 e. university, room c327, p.o. box210055, tucson, az 85721-0055. you may also send e-mail inquiries to: ghendric @ bird.library.arizona.edu or johansen @ bird.library.arizona.edu. review of application materials begins february21,2000, and will continue until the positions are filled. complete job descriptions will be sent upon receipt of letter of interest. the university of arizona is an eeo/aa employerm/w/da/. catalog librarian. school of the art institute of chicago, john m. flaxman library. full-time, professional position with supervisory duties. see http://www.artic.edu/aic/employment/salaried.htmlforfulldescription. responsibilities: cataloging, classification and processing of all library materials. copy and original cataloging in oclc & illinet online. supervises one part-time professional staff member, plus student workers. reports to head of technical services. required: ala mls. minimum of 3 years cataloging experience in professional, supervisory position. lc classification, lc subject headings, aacr2+, marc, oclc or other major bibliographic utility; windows fluency. demonstrated planning, in­ terpersonal and communication skills. strong commitment to service. preferred: degree(s) in arts or humanities. experience: illinet online; dra; non-english-language materials. basic preservation knowledge. familiarity with academic environment. compensation: starting salary $30,000 to $33,500. generous benefits. applications must be received by february 29,2000. reference job code mc787. resume and cover letter to: shannon mcginnis, human resources, the art institute of chi­ cago, 111 south michigan avenue, chicago, il60603; aic.jobs@artic.edu; fax: (312)857-0141. eoe. cataloger. the university of arkansas libraries seek a full-time catalogerto perform original cataloging for monographs, curriculum materials, and selected av materials. the person in this position will supervise one fte assistant, assist with the management of copy catalog ing for books, and perform other professional duties as assigned. the cataloger reports to the head of the cataloging department. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of aacr2, oclc, marc, lcsh, and lc classification, excellent oral and written communication skills. preferred qualifications: a minimum of two years of cataloging experience in an online environment; familiarity with innovative interfaces systems; supervisory experience; and bibliographic knowledge of one or more western-european languages. minimum beginning salary forap pointment at the tenure-track faculty rank of assistant librarian/assistant professor: $28,000; twelve-month appointment. benefits: tiaa/cref or fidelity; 22 days annual leave; tuition reduction; and other benefits. the university of arkansas, fayetteville, is the primary land-grant institution and research university in the state and offers a comprehensive range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. fayetteville (popula­ tion over 56,000) is situated in the ozarks in one of the most rapidly growing areas of the country, offering numerous cultural and recreational opportu­ nities associated with natural beauty and a university community. review of applications will begin february 25, 2000. send letter of application, instruction librarian university of northern colorado the university of northern colorado seeks appli­ cants for the position of instruction librarian & assistant professor of library science, position number 21.921. required: master's degree from an ala-accredited library school; experience in a college, university, or research library appro­ priate to the position. this is a term track position. the position reports to the head of instructional services. responsible for developing and deliv­ ering library orientations, course-specific in­ struction sessions, and teaching information literacy credit course. develops print and elec­ tronic instructional and promotional resources including web pages and tutorials. must have strong interpersonal skills and the ability to iden­ tify and respond to instructional needs. salary commensurate with experience and qualifica­ tions. starting date is july 1, 2000 (negotiable). the position is contingent on funding from the colorado state legislature, approval by the board of trustees, and subject to the policies and regulations of the university of northern colo­ rado. all application materials will be accepted until march 1. send letter of application highlight­ ing candidate’s suitability, resume and the names, addresses, telephone numbers of three refer­ ences to: george r. jaramillo instruction librarian search committee c/o administration office james a. michener library university of northern colorado greeley, co 80639 unc is an a a eo employer and committed to fostering diversity in its student body, faculty and staff. aaeo office, carter 2011. librarian (c a ta lo g e r ) vacancy a nnouncem ent #990341 gs-1410-09 (9304) $ 3 5 ,3 1 0 $ 4 5 ,9 0 0 gs-1410-11 (9305) $ 4 2 ,7 2 4 $55,541 gs-1410-12 (9306) $ 5 1 ,2 0 4 $ 6 6 ,6 6 4 *salary reflects locality pay for calendar year 2000. the library of congress is seeking a librarian to perform descriptive and subject cataloging of monographs and serials in an online mode in the medical disciplines and biotechnology. the incumbent will search bibliographic databases to determine rela­ tionship of items to existing bibliographic records; analyze material to determine proper access points, classifications and content designation; and perform research to establish and recommend new subject headings and new classification numbers. the ideal candidate must have demonstrat­ ed reading knowledge of the german lan­ guage ana experience in cataloging rules, procedures and practices. knowledge of automated systems and excellent com m uni­ cation and writing skills are required. applicants must obtain a copy of vacancy announcem ent # 9 9 0 3 4 1 in order to apply fo r this position. the vacancy announce­ ment lists knowledge, skills, and abilities (ksas) that must be addressed. for a copy of this vacancy announcement and an application form, please call the library of conqress employment o ffice at (202) 707 4 3 1 5 or (202) 7 0 7 -5 6 2 7 . o ne can also obtain copies from our web site at lcw eb.loc.aov/nr/em ploym ent or by visit ing the library of congress employment room l m -1 0 7 , 101 independence avenue, se, washington, dc m on. fri. 8 :3 0 a.m. 4 :3 0 p.m. applications must be received no later than march 3, 2 0 0 0 . http://www.artic.edu/aic/employment/salaried.htmlforfulldescription mailto:aic.jobs@artic.edu c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 149 resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to juana r. young, acting directorof libraries, university of arkansas, fayetteville, ar 72701 -1201. the university of arkansas is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. applicants must have proof of legal authority to work in the united states. coordinator of bibliographic services & systems. as­ sistant/associate professor, university library. required: graduate de­ gree in librarianship from an ala-accredited institution; minimum of five years of progressively responsible professional experience in academic library technical services, including some experience at the supervisory level; knowledge of and experience with library automated systems and services; excellent verbal, written and interpersonal skills; knowledge of standards, issues and trends in acquisitions, technical services, digital library initiatives, metadata, electronic publishing and copyright. pre­ ferred: proven managerial and leadership experience; knowledge of inno­ vative interfaces; experience with resource sharing consortia. this is a tenure-track, 12-month calendar year position. review of applications will begin on march 1, 2000, and continue until position is filled. submit a resume and cover letterto: william o’malley, search committee chair (log# 141034crl), university of rhode island, p.o. box g, kingston, rl 02881. the university of rhode island is an aa/eoe and is committed to increasing the diversity of its faculty, staff and students. persons from under-represented groups are encouraged to apply. coordinator of library instruction. washington state university, pullman, washington. available immediately. wsu libraries seek candidates who are leaders, enthusiastic aboutteaching, and work successfully in a team environment. our expanding and innovative instruc­ tion program supports the university’s writing-across-the-curriculum ob­ jectives, collaborates with multiple university departments and programs, provides internet classes, and offers a credit course in research and information literacy. program emphasis includes developing models for teaching and learning information access skills as part of the university’s “virtual campus” initiative, which seeks to infuse new technologies and teaching methods into the campus-wide curriculum. specific responsi­ bilities: provides direction, planning and coordination to deliver a creative and effective library instruction program. in cooperation with instruction librarians, library faculty, and teaching faculty, this individual will develop, design, and implement instructional programs, methods, and materials incorporating a variety of technologies. teaches information literacy to lower and upper division undergraduates, graduate students, and other clientele. serves as a resource for library colleagues participating in dean of library services the american college of greece the american college of greece invites appli­ cations for the position of dean of library services, effective august 1, 2000. the american college of greece is the oldest and largest independent, american-sponsored educational institution in europe. today it en­ rolls approximately 8000 students in three divisions: pierce college, a six-year high school; the junior college, awarding associate de­ grees; and deree college, a four-year under­ graduate college offering instructional pro­ grams across a wide spectrum of arts and sciences and business administration, ac­ credited by the neasc. the american college of greece is nonsectarian and nonprofit. the dean of library services is based at the deree college learning center, a handsome and modern facility housing a collection of over 50,000 volumes and well equipped with infor­ mation technology, and also oversees the smaller collections of the other two divisions at their respective locations. the dean is respon­ sible for the supervision, operations, policies, and procedures of the library system. the dean should have appropriate profes­ sional training and extensive experience in library management, including conversance with contemporary technologies. international experience will be an advantage but is not required. particular challenges of the position will be to oversee a major increase in the collection and an expansion of the electronic services. applications including a resume, cover letter and references should be sent to: dr. william mcgrew vp for strategic planning the american college of greece 6 gravias street, aghia paraskevi athens 15342, greece library director cardinal stritch university c ardinal stritch u niversity, a c atholic, franciscan, coeducational institution, the sec­ ond largest private institution in wisconsin, whose main campus is located in a suburb of milwaukee, seeks an individual to assume the position of library director. the successful candidate will be an energetic, creative librar­ ian who will provide strong, forward-looking leadership and effective management for a service-oriented library. requirements: mls from an ala-accredited library school; minimum of five years experi­ ence and significant leadership in an academic library; excellent written and oral communica­ tion skills; good understanding of the needs of a scholarly community; well informed about library automation, information technology applications and instructional services, having an informed vision of “the library of the future.” desired additional qualifications: a second master’s degree in a liberal arts field; teaching experience at the college level; and evidence of continued professional development. salary and benefits are competitive and com­ mensurate with qualifications and experience. nominations and applications, including re­ sume and the names/addresses of three ref­ erences should be submitted to: dr. marna boyle chair, library search committee cardinal stritch university 6801 north yates road milwaukee, wl 53217 equal opportunity employer 150 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 library instruction. produces instructional materials in print and web-based formats. conducts needs assessment and evaluation of instructional ser­ vices. proactively promotes the library instruction program through market­ ing, public relations, and outreach. provides reference service. supervises library instruction librarian. reports to the assistant director for public and research services. qualifications: required: ala-accredited de­ gree; demonstrated commitment to library public services and instruction; demonstrated relevant teaching experience; excellent interpersonal and communication skills; ability to work effectively in a collegial environment. preferred: experience developing, coordinating, promoting, and assess­ ing instructional programs; familiarity with current theory, practices, and issues related to library instruction; administrative and supervisory experi­ ence; experience in the application of new technologies to instruction. salary: from $40,000, commensurate with qualifications and experience. rank: librarian 2; faculty status. otherbenefits:tiaa/cref, broad insur­ ance program, 22 days vacation and 12 days sick leave peryear. application review begins: march 10,2000. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references with complete mailing addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses to: bonny l. boyan, washington state university libraries, p.o. box 645610, pullman, wa99164-5610. wsu libraries’ home page is: http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu. wsu is an eeo employer. protected group members are encouraged to apply. director of the library. indiana university southeast invites applications and nominationsforthe position of director of the library. iu southeast is a regional campus of the indiana university system, located across the ohio riverfrom louisville, kentucky, with astudent body of about 6,000. responsibilities of director include overall administration of iu southeast library, budgeting and financial management, personnel man­ agement, strategic planning, and advocacy of the library. director reports to vice chancellor of academic affairs, isam em berofthe iu southeast academic council, and holds library faculty status. director also works cooperatively with dean of indiana university libraries and is a memberof council of head librarians of indiana university. requirements: mls from an american library association-accredited program; at leastthree years of progressively responsible administrative experience in an academic library setting; strong orientation to technology and significant experience with library technology; strong oral and written communication skills; a collegial leadership style; and qualifications for appointment to faculty tenure-track position. candidates should also have a creative and coherent vision of the role of the library in the swiftly changing academic environ­ ment; a breadth of practical library experience encompassing both public and technical services; and demonstrated participation in campus life and community activities. salary competitive, dependent on qualifications and experience. to apply, send letter of interest, curriculum vitae and three current letters of reference to: library director search committee, c/o human resources, indiana university southeast, 4201 grant line road, box99-32, new albany, in47150. review of applications begins march 15,2000, and will continue until position is filled. iu southeast is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. education services specialist/librarian. duke university medical center library is seeking an enthusiastic and innovative individual forthe position of education services specialist/librarian. responsibilities include planning, coordinating, and developing educational programs; developing instructional materials and working collaboratively with faculty in developing educational resources. specialized duties will reflect needs of library and the skills and experience of the selected candidate and may focus on one of these areas: instructional/educational technology applica­ tions; informatics and information management training; or evidence based medicine. minimum starting salary $35,300. afull job description, including qualifications and how to apply, is available at http:// www.mc.duke.edu/mclibrary. review of applications will begin february 15. applicants should send their resume and the names of three references to: eric albright, duke university medical center library, box 3702, durham, nc 27710. eoe/aa. electronic resources access specialist. the university of iowa libraries is seeking a professional catalogerto provide leadership and expertise fo rdefining and supplying appropriate access to the librar­ ies’ electronic collections. the incumbent will supervise electronic re­ sources cataloging and database maintenance, and create original marc cataloging records and non-arc metadata records for electronic re­ sources. s/he will participate in the development of strategies for the control of digital collections, coordinate current cataloging practices with developing national standards and shifting local needs, and supervise the social sciences librarian university of richmond the social sciences reference librarian is one of six librarians who provide reference, outreach, and instruction services in boatwright memorial library (main library). the university of richmond has an innovative program in outreach and instruction and we intend to hire a dynamic librarian who will contribute in this important area. as part of this team, the librarian’s schedule requires at least one evening a week as well as participation in a weekend rotation. the social sciences librarian conducts library instruction sessions, serves as liaison to one or more academic departments, prepares web pages and other bibliographic resources, participates actively in collection develop­ ment, provides staff training, and performs other duties as assigned. reports to the head of outreach and instruction services. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; working knowledge of reference sources, both print and electronic; good oral and written communication skills; good interpersonal skills; ability to work successfully in a team environment; and a strong commitment to public service. preferred qualifications: 1 -2 years of general reference experience; a bachelor’s or master’s degree (or appropriate experience) in the social sciences (psychology, sociology, etc.); teaching experience; experience using technology in an educational or library setting; experience with microsoft office, electronic databases, and web page development. salary and benefits: commensurate with experience. benefits include tiaa/cref, paid medical insurance, 20 days vacation and 14 paid holidays. contact: applications received by march 15, 2000, will receive first consideration. applicants should submit a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, telephone numbers and email addresses of at least three current professional references to: human resource services political science bldg. university of richmond richmond, va 23173 http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu http://www.mc.duke.edu/mclibrary c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 151 head of reference and instruction carleton college laurence mckinley gould library the laurence mckinley gould library is a vibrant center of the intellectual and cultural life of the campus, and serves a significant educational role in a college community committed to excellence in learning and teaching. we seek an experienced, talented and energetic head of reference and instruction to join us in developing an imaginative, student-centered liberal arts college library program. beginning in the fall of 2000, we are planning a major expansion of reference and instructional services. a major feature will be an experimental program of information literacy that is completely integrated into the curriculum of the college. this newly created position represents a unique opportunity to provide creative leadership, working in collaboration with an exceptional group of librarians, faculty and students, in building a dynamic set of sophisticated information resources and services. as a member of the library’s management team, you will participate in library-wide policymaking, planning, and administration. carleton’s library has an outstanding undergraduate collection and a talented staff of 26. information about the library can be found at http://www.library.carleton.edu. carleton college is a highly selective, residential, non-sectarian liberal arts college offering degrees in 33 fields of study and seven interdisciplinary programs to 1,850 men and women. carleton is consistently ranked among the nation’s top liberal arts institutions. it is located in the historic town of northfield, minnesota, 45 miles south of minneapolis and st. paul. responsibilities: the head of reference and instruction provides leadership in planning, implementing and evaluating information services. works closely with faculty and college administration in defining and achieving the college’s goals for information services and information literacy. supervises 4 or more reference librarians, participates in teaching both students and faculty. oversees reference collection development and participates in strengthening and extending a liaison program which, in partnership with colleagues in academic computing, provides a high level of computing and information support to faculty campus-wide. qualifications: experience in developing, evaluating and managing effective programs of reference and instruction. excellent teaching skills and broad familiarity with reference resources and trends and issues in academic information services. minimum of 5 years of academic library management experience. sophisticated supervisory skills, including supervision of librarians; good listener; sensitive and supportive approach to personnel management. ability to view issues from a library-wide perspective, foster teamwork and esprit de corps, and stimulate cross­ functional collaboration. strong interpersonal skills and ability to formulate ideas clearly in both written and spoken form. ala-accredited mls. strong background in using and in implementing access to a wide range of electronic resources, and a solid grounding in the world of books and scholarship. demonstrated ability to work effectively with faculty and students in interpreting and advancing the work of the library in support of learning and teaching. strong experience and skills in evaluating and implementing information technology applications, and in collaborating with academic computing operations in a campus setting. advanced degree in an academic discipline preferred; college library experience desirable. salary and fringe benefits highly competitive. for further information on salary and fringe benefits, contact bonnie jean mork, director of human resources, (507) 646-4175. to apply, please submit a letter of application and resume, along with the names, addresses, email, and phone numbers of three references. review of applications will begin february 29, 2000, and continue until the position is filled. materials should be sent to: samuel demas head of reference and instruction search committee laurence mckinley gould library carleton college northfield, mn 55057 carleton college is an equal opportunity employer committed to excellence through diversity. http://www.library.carleton.edu 152 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 establishment and revision of procedures for providing intellectual access to electronic resources, including cd-roms, digital images, numeric files, electronic journals, text files, and online databases. in addition, this position will provide leadership fo r the formulation of policies related to access to electronic resources and the role of the opac in providing coherent access to in-house and external electronic resources including locally developed scholarly digital resources. the incumbent will address issues related to topics such as metadata standards, persistent identifiers for networked resources, record format and record contents (marc, sgml, dublin core, multiple versions) for digital resources, the relation­ ship of new access mechanisms to traditional catalogs, and linkages among various access systems. successful completion of these tasks will require the ability to work both independently and as a team member on a variety of issues in a dynamic environment. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of or recent cataloging experience in an automated environment; knowledge of aacr2r, lc subject headings and classification, and usmarc formats; an interest in or experience with providing access to electronic resources; strong communication and organizational skills; aptitude for complex, analytical work with attention to detail; demonstrated problem-solving skills; flexibility; ability to prioritize work to ensure that departmental and library goals are realized; ability to work effectively in a production-oriented environment; and a demonstrated commitment to professional growth and development. preferred: recent electronic resources and/or serials cataloging experi­ ence in an academic or research library within the last five years; working knowledge of sgml, html and tei standards; experience with oclc and/or rlin; reading knowledge of two western european foreign lan­ guages. salary and appointment: appointment rank and salary will be based on relevant experience and educational background. appointment will be made at the librarian i or ii level. salary will be commensurate with experience and educational background, and will be competitive with peer institutions. the salary range for this position is $30,000 to $36,000. the university offers an attractive package of benefits including 24 days of paid vacation per year, tiaa/cref retirement, and a flexible selection of medical, life, dental, and vision insurance, childcare credit, and additional benefits. application procedures: applications must be received by febru­ ary 25, 2000. minorities and women are particularly encouraged to apply. qualified individuals should submit a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: janice simmons-welburn, director, human resources and processing ser­ vices, university of iowa libraries, iowa city, ia 52242-1420; (319) 335 5871. the university of iowa is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply, http:// www.lib.uiowa.edu/index.html. evening reference/assistant cataloging librarian.the university of scranton, harry & jeanette weinberg memorial library. tenure-track position. the university of scranton seeks an evening refer­ ence librarian/assistant cataloger. dual responsibilities include providing a full range of evening reference services, including user education, and cataloging activities. qualifications: ala-accredited mls and library experience. knowledge of basic reference sources and database search­ ing techniques. familiarity with oclc, aacr2, lc classification. strong supervisory, communication, and interpersonal skills. second subject area master's preferred. twelve-month faculty appointment, tenure track. hours: monday-thursday, 2 -1 0 p.m., friday, 8:30-4:30. reports to technical and public services assistant directors. the university of scranton, located in northeastern pennsylvania nearthe pocono mountains, is a highly selec­ tive catholic and jesuit institution of 4,800 students. the university is committed to liberal arts education and offers strong professional and pre­ professional programs. review of applications will begin march 15,2000. the search will remain open until the position is filled. applications: interested candidates should submit a letterof application, list of 3 refer­ ences, and current vita to: charles e. kratz, library director, harry & jeanette weinberg memorial library, the university of scranton, scranton, pa 18510-4634. the university of scranton is an aa/eeo employer/educator. head of cataloging. washington state university, pullman, wash­ ington. available immediately. lead cataloging beyond tradition. put your knowledge to good use in a leadership position emphasizing database creation, high productivity, effective access to library collections, collabo­ ration, and creative problem solving. under the direction of the assistant director for technical services, this position serves as head of catalog­ ing and principal cataloger. responsibilities include management of the bibliographic control department, liaison with public services, staff train­ ing, monitoring of workflow, assuring quality access to library materials, and insuring a productive environment that values quality and quantity. the bibliographic control department is responsible for cataloging, marking, and some ils database maintenance functions, and employs 3 catalog librarians and 13 classified staff. tenure-track position at arl member library. required: ala-accredited degree. five years of original catalog­ ing experience in a large library setting; knowledge of authority control; knowledge of traditional cataloging tools (aacr2, lcsh, etc.); experirutgers university libraries women’s studies librarian: selects women’s and gender studies materials; provides instruction, training, reference; liaison to the women’s studies program. develops/maintains www pages. reading knowledge of european and/or other languages and relevant experience in the humanities and social sciences. (app # 1 3 7 ) world history/jewish studies librarian: selector for western and eastern europe, asia, m iddle east and jewish studies. provides instruction, training, reference; liaison to history and jewish studies faculties. develops/maintains www pages. knowledge of one european language, preferably french or german; knowl­ edge of hebrew desirable. (app# 138) anglo-american history/political science librarian: selector for american, british history and political science. provides instruction, training, reference; liaison to history, p olitical science faculty. develops/ maintains www pages. (app# 139) instruction and information services librarian: develops/implements undergraduate library instruction and inform ation literacy programs; provides reference and training for library faculty and staff. develops/ maintains www pages. experience with teaching/training, instructional technology and electronic resources required; advanced degree in education, instructional technology or instructional design preferable; experience with business information services and undergraduate services highly desirable. (app# 140) an p o s itio n s are based in the new b ru n s w ic k l ib ra rie s . we re q u ire an a l a /m l s , th re e ye ars relevant professional experience for a tenure track appointment with minim um salary of $41,751 dependent upon experience and qualifications; knowledge and experience with electronic resources and technology; a scholarly record and service in professional associations. see the complete position profiles on our website at http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/ under "news and events". candidates applying by february 21, 2000 w ill receive first consideration. submit resume, cover letter, and names of three references to; sandra troy (app # ) , libraries personnel officer, rutgers university libraries, 169 college ave., new brunswick, nj 08901; fax: 732-932-7637; e-mail: stroy@ rci.rutgers.edu. rutgers, the state university of new jersey, is committed to affirmative action and equal opportunity. http://www.lib.uiowa.edu/index.html http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/ mailto:stroy@rci.rutgers.edu c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 153 ence with oclc; experience with a local integrated library system; knowl­ edge of cataloging trends and national initiatives; knowledge of technical services automation; and excellent communication skills. preferred: su­ pervisory and management experience; experience with innovative inter­ faces inc. system. salary: from $45,000 commensurate with qualifications and experience. rank: librarian 2; faculty status. other benefits: tiaa/ cref, broad insurance program, 22 days vacation and 12 days sick leave per year. application review begins: march 10, 2000. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references with complete mailing addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses to: bonny l. boyan, washington state university libraries, p.o. box 645610, pullman, wa 99164-5610. wsu libraries’ home page is: http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu. wsu is an eeo employer. protected group members are encouraged to apply. head of hper (health, p hysical education, and recreation) library. indiana university libraries, bloomington. under general direction of coordinator for the science libraries, responsible for leader­ ship and overall management of the campus library, including planning, supervising, and evaluating library’s sen/ices, operations, and collections; manages budget, provides extensive bibliographic instruction and delivery of information services to respective departments; consults regularly with hper’s library committee and serves on appropriate hper and iub libraries committees. qualifications: mls degree with academic back­ ground or prior work experience in relevant areas or combination of equivalent education and experience. preference to be given to candidates with training or experience in one of the subject areas served by hper library as well as to those with prior management and instruction experi­ ence. demonstrated ability to work creatively and pragmatically in chang­ ing environment; solid experience in planning and evaluating library ser­ vices and collections; excellent oral and written communication and inter­ personal skills. ability to meet responsibilities and requirements of tenure track appointment. salary and benefits: salary and rank negotiable and competitive, dependent upon qualifications and experience. this is a tenure-track academic appointment that includes eligibility fo rsabbatical leaves. benefits include medical, dental, and group life insurance; tiaa/ cref retirement/annuity; and liberal vacation and sick leave. to apply: send letter of application, professional vita, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of four references to: yolanda cooper-birdine, acting libraries human resources officer, indiana university libraries, main web development librarian georgia state university georgia state university (gsu), a dynamic urban university in downtown atlanta, is seeking a web development librarian to create a library website that is the “portal of choice” for the faculty and students of gsu. this position will have overall responsibility for the design, development, and maintenance of the library’s public and internal websites; provide leadership in defining and creating innovative web-based services; engage in staff training in the development of new internet resources; serve within the systems department office team. responsibilities: develops, manages, and coordinates library website content and format, working closely with web authors, public service departments, and special collections/archives. trains and assists library faculty and staff in use of web development software and provides training and documentation in creating and maintaining internet resources. develops and maintains internal library databases. provides technical expertise and assists with the integration of web-based resources into library instruction, online tutorials, collection development, and reference services. investigates emerging technologies, tests new software, and experiments with new strategies for optimizing the development and use of internet resources, including oclc’s corc project. pursues digitizing initiatives. develops guidelines, standards, and procedures for web development. assesses software and strategies for meeting the library’s strategic goals. requirements: ala-accredited master’s degree in library science, electrical engineering or information science or equivalent. experience in an academic institution. strong technical skills, including knowledge of and experience in web design. effective oral and written communication skills. preferred: additional degree and/or experience in computer science. experience as trainer or consultant. experience using web programming languages and scripting. available: immediately. salary and rank: $43,000-$50,000 for twelve months commensurate with qualifications and experience. appointment at faculty rank, on a contract renewal basis. to apply: send letter addressing above. include resume and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: carmen newton human resources officer georgia state university pullen library 100 decatur street se atlanta, ga 30303-3202 materials received by march 15, 2000, will receive priority consideration. for more information, please visit our website at wwwlib.gsu.edu. georgia state university is an equal opportunity educational institution/ affirmative action employer strongly committed to cultural diversity. http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu 154 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 library c-201, bloomington, in 47405. phone: (812) 855-8196; fax: (812) 855-2576; e-mail: ycooperb @ indiana.edu. review of applications begins march 7,2000, continues until the position is filled. for further information concerning indiana university: http://www.indiana.edu/iub. indiana uni­ versity is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. information systems librarian. responsibilities: unlv li­ braries is seeking a service-oriented librarian, at the assistant professor rank, for the position of information systems librarian. the successful candidate will help coordinate the unlv libraries’ website and the evalu­ ation, development, and implementation of the libraries’ future electronic information resources and digital initiatives. the successful candidate will assist in tracking current and future information technologies, initiatives, and services; provide staff assistance and/ortraining with common desktop applications, and assume other responsibilities as assigned. the suc­ cessful candidate may work regular hours at one or more public services desks. this position will report to the head of the library systems unit. qualifications required: mlsorequivalentfrom an ala-accredited pro­ gram or international equivalent; excellent oral, written, and interpersonal communication skills; knowledge of electronic information resources; knowledge of microcomputer applications in libraries; demonstrated apti­ tude for learning new technology; evidence of creative application of information technologies to meet user needs; familiarity with html. qualifications preferred: proven documentation skills; experience with multimedia applications and technologies; experience with database cre­ ation, publishing, and management in a shared or web-based environment; experience with web authoring and scripting languages/standards such as sgml, dhtml, vrml, xml, css, cgi, perl, and/or javascript; experience with website development and maintenance applications, in­ cluding imaging software; experience with internet communications tools and applications; reference services experience. salary range: this is a tenure-track position. salary is commensurate with qualifications and experience. the university has an excellent fringe benefits package. the setting: unlv is nevada’s largest comprehensive, doctoral-degree granting institution with 22,500 students and more than 700full-time faculty. the unlv libraries are comprised of the main james r. dickinson library, the curriculum materials library, the architecture studies library, and a soon-to-be constructed music library. construction on a new main library, the lied library, began in early 1998. this 300,000-square-foot, $51 million facility will include an information commons and afully wired four-class­ room collaborative learning center. for additional information, see the unlv website at http://www.unlv.edu. application deadline & details: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, telephone num­ bers and e-mail addresses of three professional references to: megan fitch, chair, information systems librarian search committee; james r. dickinson library, u niversity of nevada, las vegas; 4505 maryland parkway, box457001, las vegas, nv89154-7001. review of applications head, acquisitions department rutgers university libraries rutgers university libraries invites nominations and applications for the position of head, acquisitions d epartm ent. the su cce ssfu l candidate w ill be responsible for central acquisitions of all library materials and end processing for materials cata loged centrally; rutgers libraries materials budget is approxim ately 7 m illio n dollars. the head of acquisitions w ill direct the department of 10 fte staff in the use of new technologies and in electron ic processing of materials; oversee the acquisitions module for the libraries’ integrated system, sirsi; and lead the department in fulfilling its role in the rutgers digital library initiative, particularly in the acquisition of electronic resources. the head of acquisitions is one of the three department heads in central technical and automated services reporting to the associate university librarian for information systems and technology. a l a /m l s re q u ire d , th re e years re le v a n t professional experience for a tenure track appoint ment with minim um salary of $41,751 dependent upon experience and q u a lific a tio n s ; record of accomplishment in acquisitions management and e x p e rie n c e u s in g an a u to m a te d a c q u is itio n s system preferably sirsi. s ch o la rly record and se rvice in p ro fe s s io n a l a s s o c ia tio n s . see the c o m p le te p o s itio n p ro file on our w e b s ite at http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/ under "news and events” . candidates applying by february 21, 2000 w ill receive first consideration. submit resume, cover letter, and names of three references to: sandra troy (app # 1 3 5 ), libraries personnel officer, rutgers u n iv e rs ity l ib ra rie s , 169 c o lle g e a ve., new b ru n s w ic k , nj 0 8 9 0 1 ; fax 7 3 2 9 3 2 7 6 3 7 ; e-mail stroy@rci.rutgers.edu. rutgers, the state u niversity of new jersey, is committed to affirmative action & equal opportunity. special collections and preservation librarian oberlin college coordinates special collections and preserva­ tion programs in an outstanding college library. required: sound liberal arts education, aca­ demic library experience; knowledge of rare books and special collections, preservation and conservation techniques, and preserva­ tion program administration; demonstrated su­ pervisory ability; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; strong service orientation; planning and organization skills; commitmentto professional development. oberlin college combines a leading under­ graduate college of arts and sciences with a music school of national prominence. the college has a long history of leadership in educating women and minorities and actively seeks a racially, ethnically, and culturally di­ verse staff and student body. the library contains over 1.2 million volumes; is a fully automated, active member of ohiolink; and provides access to a wide array of electronic resources. competitive salary, excellentfringe benefits. a full position description and information about oberlin and the oberlin college library is available at: http://www.oberlin.edu/library/ search.html to ensure consideration, send letter of appli­ cation, resume, and names of three refer­ ences by february 15, 2000, to: special collections/preservation search committee oberlin college library mudd center oberlin, oh 44074 aa/eoe http://www.indiana.edu/iub http://www.unlv.edu http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/ mailto:stroy@rci.rutgers.edu http://www.oberlin.edu/library/ c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 155 will begin february 25,2000, and will continue until the position is filled. specific questions may be addressed to megan fitch, search committee chair, atmfitch@nevada.edu, or call (702) 895-3286. unlvisan equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. persons are selected on the basis of ability without regard to race, color, sex, age, national origin, sexual orientation, religion, disability or veteran status. lending services librarian. tenure-track, 12-month, faculty po­ sition. responsibilities primarily include supervision of circulation, re­ serves and interlibrary loan, with some secondary duties in reference desk rotation. required: ala-accredited mls or equivalent, 3 -5 years library experience and supervisory experience. salary range from $35,000 depend­ ing on qualifications and experience. excellent fringe benefits. available immediately. indiana state university, located in west central indiana, invites applicants to visit our home page at http://odin.indstate.edu and, under “about us,” click on “jobs” to get full position description and application information. review of applications begins immediately and continues until position is filled. aa/eoe. librarian/archivist. albion college is searching for a full-time librarian/archivist. the archivist is responsible to the director of libraries forthe full administration of the albion college archives collection. this includes selection, preservation, and management of historical material including photographic images, inactive administrative files, materials relating to the history of albion college, its faculty, staff, administration and students. the archivist will serve as a librarian on the staff and as an advisor on preservation issues. in addition the archivist is also the methodist archivist. the methodist archivist is responsible to the commission for archives and history of the west michigan conference for the care of their material. afull job description can be found at http://www.albion.edu/fac/ libr/archivis.htm. qualifications: master’s degree in librarianship (with an archives focus), archives, public history, or related field, and experience information literacy librarian/coordinator information literacy program http://www.plattsburgh.edu plattsburgh state university of new york library & information service the division of library & information services at plattsburgh state university invites applications for a newly created information literacy librarian position. this position is responsible for the continuing development of plattsburgh's outstanding information instruction program that began in 1979. the core feature of the current program is a required one-credit component of general education. the integration of information literacy across the curriculum is presently a key initiative in the college's strategic plan. this position will play a leadership role in program planning and implementation. the successful candidate will bring experience, energy, and vision to the collaborative work of infusing information literacy concepts and skills throughout the college curriculum. the information literacy librarian joins a team of librarians currently engaged in an active and diverse information literacy program that is already experimenting with new integrated information literacy approaches. this is an exciting opportunity to develop and shape a new program in conjunction with other campus initiatives, including a review of general education, a growing emphasis on instructional technology, and an expanding distance learning program. this position also participates in the core responsibilities of librarians: instruction, reference desk service, collection development and programmatic group work. successful candidates will have an interest in integrating information technologies and a willingness to participate with new distance learning programs. required qualifications: a master's degree from an ala-accredited institution or foreign equivalent. academic library experience that includes a minimum of four years of active participation in an information literacy/library instruction program; demonstrated ability to assume a leadership role in information literacy; demonstrated knowledge of current information literacy theory and practice; demonstrated success as an instructor of information literacy; commitment to group decision making; thorough familiarity with academic environments; successful experience in working with classroom faculty; outstanding interpersonal, communication, and organizational skills. preferred qualifications: experience with planning and implementing an information literacy program; experience with group work; scholarly contributions to the literature of information literacy; active involvement in professional information literacy activities. salary & benefits: $40,000 minimum, academic rank commensurate with experience; tenure track position. applications will be reviewed beginning immediately and will continue until position is filled. please submit cover letter, resume and names and addresses of three references to: chair, search committee (pj# 2360-crln) c/o human resources plattsburgh state university of new york 101 broad street plattsburgh, ny 12901-2681 fax: (518) 564-5060 applications from women and minority candidates are especially welcomed. plattsburgh state university of new york is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. mailto:atmfitch@nevada.edu http://odin.indstate.edu http://www.albion.edu/fac/ http://www.plattsburgh.edu 156 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 consulting librarians three positions cornell college the russell d. cole library is redesigning its program to create a team of librarians who will collaborate with faculty toward an integrated information literacy program to prepare students for an information society. we seek librarians with a passion for teaching and service, enthusiasm for interaction with faculty, initiative and creativity, and skills in reference and collection development with an increasing emphasis on electronic resources. these librarians are members of the professional leadership team in a collegial environment, hold faculty rank, and may have opportunities for teaching in areas of expertise. some reference work is required of all librarians, including one evening per week and occasional weekends. consulting librarian for the social sciences (full-time, 12-month appointment) collaborates with faculty in the social sciences to design and deliver instruction integrated into course expecta­ tions; develop and manage the collection; and provide reference and bibliographic service. additional responsibilities include oversight management of government documents, general reference service, and oversight of interlibrary loan services. preferred qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree. outstanding interpersonal, commu­ nication, teaching, and problem-solving skills. understanding of emerging electronic and print information resources relevant to the social sciences. strong skills in accessing information via online systems. strong skills in teaching. evidence of initiative, creativity, service ethic, ability to prioritize based on organizational goals. academic background in the social sciences required. consulting librarian for the arts and humanities (full-time, 12-month appointment) collaborates with faculty in the arts and humanities to design and deliver instruction integrated into course expectations; develop and manage the collection; and provide reference and bibliographic service. additional responsibilities include management of college archives and general references. since the cole library serves the local community as its public library, this librarian will oversee coordination of programming for the public. preferred qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree. outstanding interpersonal, commu­ nication, teaching, and problem-solving skills. understanding of emerging electronic and print information resources relevant to the arts anc, humanities. strong skills in accessing information via online systems. strong skills in teaching. evidence of initiative, creativity, service ethic, ability to prioritize based on organizational goals. academic background in the arts and/or humanities required. consulting librarian for the sciences (half-time, 9-month appointment) collaborates with faculty in the sciences to design and deliver instruction integrated into course expectations; develop and manage the collection; and provide reference and bibliographic service. preferred qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree. outstanding interpersonal, commu­ nication, teaching, and problem-solving skills. understanding of emerging electronic and print information resources relevant to the sciences. strong skills in accessing information via online systems. strong skills in teaching. evidence of initiative, creativity, service ethic, ability to prioritize based on organizational goals. academic background in the sciences required. send letter of application, resume, three letters of recommendation, copies of credentials and transcripts to: annopatz assistant to the vice president for academic affairs cornell college 600 first street west mt. vernon, ia 52314-1098 consideration of applications begins march 1, 2000. cornell college is an eo/aa employer and encourages applications from women and minority candidates. c&rl news ■ february 2000 /1 5 7 in managing historical collections in an archives, library museum or historical agency. preferable qualifications include strong background in archival research methodology with demonstrated skills in oral and written communication, and library reference experience desirable. interested candidates should send a letter of application, resume, and three current letters of reference to dr. john p. kondelik, director of libraries, albion college, kc 4692, albion, ml 49224. eoe. applicant screening will begin february 15,2000. projected start date: july 1,2000. monographs original cataloger. (search reopened) divi­ sion/department: collection services/cataloging. purpose and scope: the monographs original cataloging section of the cataloging depart­ ment is comprised of the head and 2.5 fte librarians plus student assistants. the monographs original cataloger is responsible to the head of the monbgraphs original cataloging section for performing original cataloging of monographic materials in all languages and sub­ jects. materials handled may include electronic resources and other media. materials are processed for the main and science libraries, some laboratory collections, and off-campus research facility libraries. mono­ graphs original catalogers sen/e as resource persons for monographic cataloging within the department and in otherareas of the libraries. the university of georgia libraries participates in gil, a state-wide intercon­ nected implementation of the endeavor voyager system. the libraries is a member of conser and participates in naco, saco, and oclc’s enhance program. the cataloging department has 11 professional and 10 support staff positions and catalogs over40,000 books, serials, micro­ forms, and nonprint materials yearly. for a full description of duties, visit www.libs.uga.edu/humres/monocat.html. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of aacr2 and lc classification and subject headings; ability to work with a broad range of subjects; competency in one or more modern european languages (german or russian preferred); familiarity with automated cataloging systems; ability to function as a contributing university of califor nia, irvine associate university librarians the university of california, irvine libraries are recruiting for three associate university librarian (aul) positions to complete the senior administrative team. the university librarian, gerald j. munoff, is seeking innovative, creative, flexible, and knowledgeable executives to join an enthusiastic staff in building a research library of excellence for a young and rapidly-growing university ranked nationally in the top universities. the campus of 19,285 students and 1,010 faculty is planning to grow by 50% in the next ten years. the auls have an unusual opportunity to actively participate in shaping the quality and character of the campus and the excellence of the libraries. all three positions are responsible library-wide for collaborative leadership, management, and decision-m aking. each position also has an individual area of responsibility, currently defined as a u l fo r collections and access services, a u l fo r research and instructional services, and a u l for technical services. changes in assignments may be made based on qualifications and interests of appointees and in response to an analysis of organization in which the auls will play a leading role. positions require a graduate degree in library science from an ala-accredited institution and substantial related experience. the salary will be commensurate with qualifications and experience within a range of $70,000 $105,000. one of nine university of california campuses, the university of california, irvine, is nestled in 1,489 acres of coastal foothills, five miles from the pacific ocean, between san diego and los angeles. the full position descriptions, instructions on how to apply, and information about the libraries and the university are available at http://www.lib.uci.edu/about/libvac.html, or request a copy by e-mail to kaufman@ uci.edu or by confidential fax to (949) 824-1288. applications received by february 15, 2000 will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. the university of california, irvine is an equal opportunity employer committed to excellence through diversity. http://www.libs.uga.edu/humres/monocat.html http://www.lib.uci.edu/about/libvac.html mailto:kaufman@uci.edu team member in a production-oriented environment; effective oral and written communication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships; cataloging experience in an academic or research library preferred. benefits: standard benefits package includes life, health and disability insurance and mandatory participation in the state or optional retirement system, and 21 days annual leave, plus 12 paid holidays. salary minimum: $29,500, commensurate with experience. for further information on the campus and the community, visit the university of georgia’s website (http://www.uga.edu/). application procedure: send letter of application addressing all qualifications with a resume and the names, addresses and phone numbers of three references by february 25,2000, to: florence e. king, assistant university librarian for human resources, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602-1641; (706) 542-2716. an equal opportunity/affirmative action institution. music librarian/chief administrator. sibley music library of the eastman school of music, university of rochester. responsible for ensuring excellence in all aspects of the library’s programs and services, including personnel management, budgeting, technical services, collec­ tion development, client services, and technology development. works with officeof public relations and development to cultivate potential donors and devise strategy for library development. works with eastman coordinator of technology to guide direction of technology development within the library; also collaborates with other university of rochester library direc­ tors to create policy guiding the university-wide automated library system. reports to the dean of academic affairs at the eastman school of music. institution: the sibley music library, founded in 1904, serves primarily students and faculty of the eastman school of music and the university of rochester as a reference and research collection implementing various curricula leading to undergraduate and graduate degrees in performance, composition, music education, musicology, theory, and jazz and contempo­ rary media. the library contains a distinguished collection of some 360,000 cataloged volumes, including a renowned collection of rare printed books and manuscripts, 60,000 sound recordings, and subscribes to over 650 journals. it employs a professional staff of 8 fte, a support staff of 8 fte, and about 90 graduate and undergraduate students. for more details, see the library’s web page at http://sibley.esm.rochester.edu. qualifica­ tions: mls or equivalent from an ala-accredited program, plus graduate study in music history, theory, music education, performance, ora related field. five years minimum administrative experience in a music research library including staff supervision, strategic planning, fund development, and budget management. past experience in collection development, reference librarians: two positions university of missouri-rolla the university of missouri-rolla is seeking qualified applicants to: (1) provide comprehensive reference services for print and electronic resources in a centralized library which has a strong science and engineering focus; (2] participate in an active library instruction program; and (3) serve as liaisor to selected departments for acquisitions and specialized information ser­ vices. some evening and weekend hours are required. required: ala-mls. demonstrated strong commitment to delivering quality public service. experience with library computer applications, including html, the internet, and other information technologies experience in a computer-intensive setting and ability to work in a demanding, rapidly changing environment. reference experience in an academic library, including the ability to conduct effective reference interviews. desired: experience in meeting user information needs, especially in scientific and engineering disciplines. experience in library and electronic resources instruction. degree in sciences o r engineering. knowledge of emerging information technology trends. um-rolla is one of the four university of missouri campuses and the state’s premier technologica campus. the university offers engineering and science degrees through the doctoral level anc undergraduate degrees in the liberal arts. um-rolla has earned a national reputation for quality education. eight professionals and seventeen support staff serve 4,500 high-ability students and 35c faculty. the collection includes over 375,000 volumes and 1,400 periodical subscriptions, with ar increasing emphasis on electronic resources. innovative interfaces ils. the library website is w w w .u m r.e d u /~ lib ra ry . salary/benefits: $28,000 minimum for 12 months. 28 vacation days per year, vested retirement after five years, and partial tuition assistance. dental and medical insurance and other benefits are alsc available. to apply: send letter of application, resume including names, addresses, telephone numbers, anc e-mail addresses of three professional references. please include how your interests anc experience can contribute to the responsibilities of this position. human resource services attention: #r-51056/#r-52927 um-rolla 1870 miner circle rolla, mo 65409-1050 completed applications received by march 15, 2000, will be given first consideration. review wil continue until positions are filled. um-rolla is an aa/eeo employer. members of minority groups and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. 158 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 http://www.uga.edu/ http://sibley.esm.rochester.edu http://www.umr.edu/~library c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 159 cataloging, client services, or music information technologies. dynamic leadership skills and ability to work with diverse constituency of studio and academic faculty, students, and the larger community of the university of rochester. strong written and oral communication skills. active participa­ tion and leadership in professional organizations in music or librarianship. desired: graduate degree in music history, theory, music education, performance, or a related field. salary and benefits: competitive salary commensurate with qualifications and experience. benefits include a generous retirement plan, awide variety of university hmo plans, university life insurance plans, tuition benefits, and generous vacation allowances. application deadline: review of applications to begin january 20,2000. appointment to begin july 1,2000. application: to apply, send letter of application, curriculum vitae, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to professor patrick macey, chair, librarian search committee, c/o sibley music library, eastman school of music, 26 gibbs st., rochester, ny 14604. reference librarian/assistant professor. rollins col­ lege invites applications for an enthusiastic and service-oriented librarian to join its reference team. primary responsibilities include: providing assistance during scheduled hours at the reference desk; participating in library instruction, electronic database search training, and reference collection development; preparing bibliographies, user guides and exhib­ its. basic qualifications include an ala-accredited mls; a working knowl­ edge of print and electronic reference resources; enthusiasm forteaching; commitment to professional growth and scholarly activity; excellent com­ munication and interpersonal skills; and ability to work independently and as a part of a team. one or more years of recent post-mls reference experience in an academic library are preferred. rank and salary: this is an entry-level faculty position with tenure-track status or a 24-month visiting appointment depending on qualifications. a second master’s degree is required fortenure-track appointment. research, publication, and service to the library, the college, and the profession are required to satisfy m a n n l ib r a r y , c o r n e ll u n iv e r s it y 2 p o s it io n s cornell university's albert r. mann library invites applications for the following two positions: metadata librarian responsible for organizing access to the growing number o f networked information resources and cataloging materials in a variety of formats. evaluate and analyze models for organizing networked information and help devise and implement solutions. provide recommendations on the types of metadata required tor effective access to electronic publications, track developments on metadata standards, and facilitate access to resources through original cataloging for a variety o f formats. actively participate in the library's research and development efforts and in local and national discussions relating to providing access for internet resources. required qualifications: demonstrated interest in the issues and standards related to metadata, cataloging, and information retrieval. desired qualifications: previous cataloging experience, working knowledge of one or more foreign languages. instruction coordinator administer the library’s instruction program, determine specific information management workshops to be taught, work with faculty to develop effective instruction sessions, and coordinate assignment of instructors from the professionals in the library. provide quality reference, one-on-one consulting, and instruction in information management. develop expertise in existing and emerging technologies for information delivery as well as lead and/or participate in other innovative research projects. the individual is one of a team of 8 librarians reporting to the head of public services. required qualifications: demonstrated interest in instruction, with strong public speaking and presentation skills. qualifications for both positions: required: ala accredited mls or equivalent graduate degree. strong communication, analytical, and interpersonal skills, including the ability to work within a team setting. solid facility with personal computers, information retrieval software, and information technologies. interest in innovation and commitment to professional development. desired: some work experience in an academic setting; subject knowledge in agriculture, life sciences, social sciences, or business/economics. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience. environment: albert r. mann library provides innovative information services for the 21st century and has achieved national renown for its digital library (http://www.mannlib.comell.edu). the albert r. mann library's collection of agricultural, life sciences and related social sciences materials serves the college of agricultural and life sciences, the college o f human ecology, and the division of nutritional sciences at cornell. mann library holds almost one million items in its collection o f print, microform, and digital materials. mann library's principal user population numbers almost 10,000 and includes undergraduates, graduate stuaents, faculty, researchers, and staff. mann library is the second largest of 19 libraries that together constitute the cornell university library. applications: requested by march 15, 2000, but accepted until the positions are filled. send cover letter, resume, and the names, phone numbers, and addresses of three references to: susan markowitz, director, library human resources, 201 olin library, cornell university, ithaca, ny 14853-5301. informal, preliminary applications will be accepted electronically (sem2@c c ornell.edu) with signed copy to follow. u n o i v r e n r s e i l t l y cornell university is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer strongly comm itted to diversity. we value qualified candidates who can bring to our community a variety o f backgrounds and experiences. h t t p : //w w w .c o r n e ll.e d u http://www.mannlib.comell.edu mailto:sem2@cornell.edu http://www.cornell.edu 160 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 k r e s g e engineriansassistant/associate libraering(2) u .c .b erkeley electronic outreach librarian responsible for developing and coordinating the instructional outreach program of the engineering library, and for collection development and faculty liaison in support of one engineering department. other responsibilities include refer­ ence desk coverage, instruction and web page development. assistant head/reference librarian responsible for coordination of reference services, collection development and faculty liaison in support of two engineering departments, and management oversight of circulation services and personnel. both positions require an accredited graduate degree in librarianship/lnformation studies, and/or an equivalent combination of education and relevant experience. for addi­ tional information please consult: tt p : / / www.lib.berkeley.edu/ lhrd/librec.html, or call library human resources dept., 510/642-3778. salary range: $32,940 $44,196 per year based upon qualifications. send cover letter, resume and names and addresses of three professional references to janice h. dost, 447 doe library university of california, berkeley, ca 94720-6000. deadline for receipt of applications: march 1, 2000. eoe/aae. criteria forcontinuing appointment, promotion, and tenure. salary: $30,000 $36,000 annually depending on qualifications; 12-month contract; standard benefits package available. starting date: june 1,2000. rollins college is an independent, private liberal arts institution with a total enrollment of 2,600 located in winter park, florida. the olin library houses a collection of 280,000 volumes, 1,500 periodicals, 68,000 government documents, nu­ merous electronic databases, and two state-of-the-art information tech­ nology laboratories, (www.rollins.edu/olin/index/htm). toapply,submita letterof application, acurrent vita and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three professional references to: wenxian zhang, chair of search committee, olin library, rollins college, winter park, fl 32789 4499. review of applications will begin immediately and continue until the position is filled. rollins college is an equal opportunity employer. reference librarian/political science bibliographer. (search extended.) university of rochester river campus libraries seeks a reference librarian with a strong commitment to user services and enthusiasm forteaching to develop innovative library services for a premier political science department. an excellent opportunity to join a humanities/ social sciences reference team (8 librarians, 2 paraprofessionals) to deliver services that support instruction, research, and writing for faculty and students. the successful candidate will be a member of a group facilitating the integration of statistical and geographical data services into library programs. applicants are required to have a mls degree from an ala-accredited program, undergraduate degree in political science or related social science, public service experience in academic library, outstanding written and oral communication skills. for additional informa­ tion, visit the university of rochester libraries’ web page: www.lib.rochester.edu/main/jobpolsc.htm. send a letter of application, re­ sume, three references’ names and addresses to: political science bibli­ ographer search committee, dean’s office, rush rhees library, uni­ versity of rochester, rc box27055, rochester, ny 14627-0055. phone: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/ http://www.rollins.edu/olin/index/htm http://www.lib.rochester.edu/main/jobpolsc.htm c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 161 two positions—searches extended head, electronic resources program head, library automation department nimitz library u.s. naval academy the nimitz library, united states naval academy, is extending the timetable of its searches for the following two positions. 1. head, electronic resources program. as leader in the development and maintenance of the library’s electronic information resources, the incumbent will, with input from the nine other librarians in the reference department, and working closely with the head of reference and head of library automation: plan, design, and coordinate access to electronic resources; develop procedures and tools for effective use of such resources; teach applications to faculty, students, reference librarians, and other library staff; recom­ mend hardware, software, budget, training, and staffing requirements to support use of electronic resources. as a reference-bibliographer, the incumbent will provide general reference service (including some evening and weekend hours), and also carry out collection development responsibili­ ties, specialized reference assistance, and instruction in conjunction with one or more academic departments. 2. head, library automation department. as leader in the development and maintenance of the library’s systems for electronic information access and delivery, the incumbent will, with input from other library units, be responsible for the: planning, coordination, and execution of the library’s automation budget; procurement, implementation, and maintenance of the library’s computer systems’ hardware and software; staff training associated with such systems; maintenance and operation of the library’s innovative interfaces online system; supervision of the other 2.5 fte in the library automation department. we are seeking individuals who will accept the challenge of working in an extraordinary environment that includes engaged faculty, high-performing and highly motivated students, and impressive information technology resources, including a web-based catalog and a library intranet. for both positions, the gs-12 salary range is $51,204-$66,654. the naval academy is the navy’s undergraduate college, with 4,000 students, more than 500 civilian and military faculty, and 19 major fields of study in three academic divisions (eight in engineering, seven in math & science, and four in humanities/social sciences). it produced three rhodes scholars in the 1990s. the nimitz library has a staff of 41 fte (including 18 professional librarians) and some 520,000 volumes of books and periodicals, plus govern­ ment documents, microforms, extensive holdings in special collections & archives, and numerous subscriptions to web-based electronic resources and cd-roms. located in annapolis, the capital of maryland and “the sailing capital of america,” the naval academy is 30 miles from both washington, d.c. and baltimore, in the beautiful chesapeake bay area. for additional information about these positions, including desired qualifications and new application procedures, consult the library’s home page (http://www.usna.edu/library). applications must be received or postmarked no later than february 25, 2000, in order to be considered. individuals who have already applied for either position will remain under consideration and do not need to reapply. send application materials to: dr. richard hume werking director, nimitz library u.s. naval academy annapolis, md 21402 the naval academy is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. http://www.usna.edu/library 162 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 william paterson u n i v e r s i t y the william paterson u n iversity o f n ew jersey is a comprehensive public in stitution o f higher learning that is com m itted to prom oting stu den t success, academic excellence, and c o m m u n ity outreach w ith o p p o rtu n itie s f o r lifelong learning. b oasting a h ig h ly distinguished and diverse facu lty, nationally renowned academic programs, and state-of the-art information and communications technology, the u n iversity maintains a low student-faculty ratio (12:1) and small class size (21:3) fo r its 29 undergraduate and 17 graduate degree programs. the u n iversity is situated on a beautiful suburban campus in wayne, n ew jersey, tw en ty miles w est o f n ew york city. a ssista n t d irector the sarah byrd askew library of william paterson university seeks a creative, experienced and goal oriented librarian to be part of the management and planning team in a dynamic, state-of-the-art library. the assistant director for resource management reports to the director of library services and is responsible for the overall management and supervision of a fully automated technical services unit, which includes acquisitions, cataloging, processing of library materials, serials and document delivery the primary function of this position is to provide leadership in planning, implementing and evaluating departmental operations and services and setting goals, developing initiatives and establishing priorities in these areas. oversees staff development; prepares and manages unit budget and statistical reports as necessary. primary liaison with oclc and palinet. participates in collection development activities and user education programs. ala-accredited mls and five years professional library experience in progressively responsible positions; second master’s degree or abd status or an additional five years experience or the equivalent combination of education and experience required. demonstrated proficiency in technical services area including substantial knowledge of cataloging and authority control; three years administrative experience, including supervisory experience with library professional and support staff; preferably in an academic library. thorough knowledge of online integrated library systems (preferably dra), bibliographic utilities and networks and experience with budget management. outstanding analytic and problem solving skills for initiating plans and carrying out projects. evidence of strong communication and organizational skills, and the ability to work with all personnel in a collaborative team environment. salary range: $51,705-$77,563 with a comprehensive benefits package. this is a 12-month, tenure track appointment; second master's degree or abd required for tenure. for more information about the library: http;//www.wpunj.edu a pplications zvill be accepted until position is filled. please forw ard letter o f application, resume and a list of three references to: n o rm a l evy, d ir e c to r o f l ib ra r y s ervices, d r a w e r crl, w illia m p a te r s o n u n iv e r s ity , sarah b y rd a s k e w l ib ra ry, 300 p o m p to n r o a d , w a yn e, nj 07470. william paterson university w a y n e , n e w j e r s e y a n e q u a l o p p o r tu n ity i n s titu tio n c o m m itte d to d iv e r s i t y (716)275-4461. fax: (716)244-1358. e-mail: kkitrinos@rcl.lib.rochester.edu. university of rochester is an equal opportunity employer. review of applications will begin no laterthan february 20,2000, and will continue until the position is filled. social science reference librarian. (position no. 250150) florida atlantic university. reports to head, reference department. participates in all aspects of busy reference department, including evening/ weekend rotation, library instruction, database searching, and committee work. required: ala-accredited mls, effective oral and written communi­ cation skills, flexibility and initiative, and positive public service attitude. preferred: reference experience in an academic library; education/training in social sciences; demonstrated experience with electronic and print sources; demonstrated experience in library instruction o r otherteaching. salary: $31,000 plus benefits. the position offers faculty rank of assistant university librarian. the anticipated starting date is july 1,2000. for more information about the fau libraries, seeour web page: http://wv\(w.fau.edu/ library. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: chair, reference librarian search committee, s.e. wimberly library, florida atlantic university, 777 glades road, boca raton, fl 33431. application must be postmarked no later than march 30, 2000. florida atlantic university is an equal opportunity/access/affirmative action institution. social sciences librarian. western kentucky university seeks applications forthe position of social sciences librarian in the department of library public services of university libraries. this is a tenure-track faculty position. western kentucky university is a state-assisted compre­ hensive university offering a broad array of master’s degree programs and two cooperative doctoral programs, located in bowling green, a growing city one hour north of nashville. university libraries has migrated to the endeavor voyager library management system, participates in the ken­ tucky virtual library program and has designed extensive web-based services (www.wku.edu/library). required: ala-accredited mls, a sub­ http://www.wpunj mailto:kkitrinos@rcl.lib.rochester.edu http://wv/(w.fau.edu/ http://www.wku.edu/library c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 163 ject master's/doctorate in the social sciences, familiarity with electronic reference tools, including internet resources. preferred qualifications include successful public sen/ices and collection experience; reading knowledge of french, german o r spanish; and excellentoral and written communication skills. research and publication are required for promo­ tion and tenure. duties: selection and management of collections in broadcasting/journalism, communications, psychology and sociology; serving as the liaison with faculty for assigned departments; providing research instruction covering print and electronic resources; providing reference assistance; oversight of the periodicals reading room; and maintaining awareness of new technology. anticipated starting date: may 1,2000. salary: $26,472-$31,100. candidates should submit a letter of application and resume along with the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three professional references to the department of human resources, wetherby administration building, room 42, western ken­ tucky university, 1 big red way, bowling green, ky 42101 -3576. to ensure full consideration, please submit application materials by march 1, 2000. internet url: http://www.wku.edu/dept/support/hr/. online appli­ cation available. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. western kentucky university is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. technical services coordinator. one full-time, tenure-track faculty position (9-month appointment with summerwork optional) in louis l. manderino library, california university of pennsylvania, atthe rank of instructor or assistant professor. salary range: $31,748 to $51,714. employment date: august 2000. see library homepage at: http:// www.library.cup.edu. compensation: salary is commensurate with educa­ tion and experience. the pennsylvania state system of higher education salary scale applies and includes excellent fringe benefits. essential work functions: work under the direction of the dean of library services. primary responsibilities of this position are tooversee the workflow in acquisitions and cataloging departments, which entails the expedient purchasing and processing of all library materials-monographs, serials, audiovisual ma­ terials, etc. in addition, the individual is responsible forthe structure and accuracy of the library’s bibliographic database (the library uses the endeavor voyager modules for cataloging, acquisitions, and serials). specific duties are as follows: coordinate and provide leadership in the area of collection development; participate in the planning, implementation, and documentation of goals, policies, workflow, and procedures for acquisi­ tions and cataloging departments; oversee fund accounting; keep abreast of the continual oclc and endeavor software changes and enhancements; manage the library’s book approval plan with responsibility for its relevance to the university’s curricula; coordinate the work of two librarians and five support staff. work at the reference desk, as assigned, including evening and weekend rotations. participate in departmental/university/system-wide committee assignments and additional duties as specified by the collective bargaining agreement. participate in professional organizations. work on specific projects as assigned. position requirements: ala-accredited mls (or equivalent); second master’s degree or doctorate preferred; strong microcomputer skills; previous academic library experience; ability to workcooperatively in rapidly changing environment; demonstrated ability to communicate effectively, both orally and in writing. in addition to the aforementioned qualifications, the candidate minimally must be able to communicate well and/or perform well in an interview. deadlineforsubmit ting application: february 29,2000. applications: applicants must submit a letter of application that addresses the candidate’s professional goals and unique qualificationsforthis position, acurrent resume, photocopies of official transcripts showing degree(s) earned, and the names, ad­ dresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references who can provide current assessments of the candidate’s performance potential in his/her discipline. complete application materials should be sent to: professor marsha l. nolf, chair, library search committee, louis l. manderino library, california university of pennsylvania, 250 univer­ sity avenue, california, pa 15419-1394; 724-938-4048; e-mail: nolf @ cup.edu. california university of pennsylvania is an affirmative ac­ tion/equal opportunity employer. women, minorities and individuals with disabilities are encouraged to apply. technical services library manager. re-advertised. (job code 423-exempt) western new mexico university. responsibilities: underthe direction of the university librarian, supervises the operations of technical services unit of miller library, including acquisitions, cata­ loging, and preservation; coordinates with public services and outreach services managers in the daily operations of the library, including sched­ uling and hiring staff and student workers, preparing reports, and manag­ ing the library budget; coordinates with wnmu’s computer support team to insure optimal efficiency in the use of technology in miller library. western new mexico university is a comprehensive regional university serving the multicultural population of western new mexico. located in the mountain community of silver city on the edge of the gila national forest, wnmu offers intellectual and cultural advantages of a university in a beautiful southwest setting. for more information about wnmu and miller library, visitourwebsiteat http://www.wnmu.edu. minimum qualifications: a master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited institution with three years full-time experience in an academic (or comparable) library, including one yearof supervisory experience; working knowledge of national standards for cataloging (aacr2) and of oclc; working knowl­ edge of print and non-print reference tools including federal and state government documents; experience with automated library and lan sys­ tems. preferred qualifications: experience with a system migration. dem­ onstrated experience working with culturally diverse groups; proficiency in spanish. salary: $30,000 plus doq. to apply: submit a letter of intent, resume, unofficial transcripts, and list of five references to: western new mexico university, human resources department, p.o. box 680, silver city, nm 88062. deadline date: review of applications begins monday, february 28,2000 and continues until filled. all qualified applicants will receive consideration without regard to race, color, religion, gender, age, handicap, or national origin. wnmu is an affirmative action/equal employ­ ment opportunity employer. technical services/reference librarian. the maharishi university of management library in fairfield, iowa has an immediate position for technical services librarian with a minimum of two years experience in oclc, aacr2, lc cataloging on a local system, plus serials management. regular reference shifts, including one evening per week required. our dynamic academic/research environment requires strong service orientation. interest in high quality of life and personal growth is desirable. mls and a minimum of four months regular practice of the transcendental meditation™ program required. benefits include: on-campus housing and vegetarian meats; stipend; insurance; rich, di­ verse, safe campus community; progressive educational environment. maharishi university of management is an affirmative action/eoe, offering undergraduate and graduate programs, and accredited by the ncacs. please contact: craig shaw, director, maharishi university of man­ agement library, fairfield, ia 52557; voice: (515) 472-1148, fax: (515) 472-1173; cshaw@mum.edu, http://www.mum.edu/library. late job listings coordinator collection management. search reopened for libraiy faculty positions. ham pton university, william r. and norma b. harvey library. coordinator collection m anagem ent is a new position of leadership th a t will oversee collection development from assessm ent and selection to acquisitions and organization. this librarian will be respon­ sible for developing strategies to increase the effectiveness of m aterials selection, apply technologies and d ata to assess all university collections, m anage budget expenditures, develop policies/procedures and oversee workflow in the technical services units. coordinator will work closely w ith library adm inistrators. position qualifications: experience w ith an established model of collection assessm ent, knowledge oft rends, ability to establish and articulate policy and objectives, and evaluate outcomes is required. experience in acquisitions, fam iliarity w ith technical services, and relevant supervisory experience preferred. minimum three years experience preferred. all positions: full-time, twelve-month faculty ran k appointment. salary commensurate w ith qualifications. excellent benefit package, including tiaa-cref. ala accredited mls and excellent communications skills are required. send letter of application, resume, names/e-mail addresses of three professional references to: loretta o’brien-parham , director ofu niversity libraries, harvey library, h am pton u niversity, hampton, va 23668. http://www.wku.edu/dept/support/hr/ http://www.library.cup.edu http://www.wnmu.edu mailto:cshaw@mum.edu http://www.mum.edu/library 164 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 director of instructional resources. moorhead state university, moorhead, minnesota. position begins ju ly 1, 2000. salary range $72,565-$97,267, depending on qualifica­ tions and experience. position responsibilities include adm inistering the library and providing leadership and m anagem ent to the university's library, audiovisual, instructional tv and instructional technology services. the director reports directly to the vice president for academic affairs and has supervisory responsibility for approximately th irty employees. the library has a budget of approximately $2 million a year, and is p a rt ofb oth local (tri-college) and regional (pals and minitex) consortia. moorhead s tate university is one of seven four-year institutions in the m innesota state colleges and university system. the u niversity has over 7,000 students enrolled in 70 degree programs, 16 graduate programs, and 19 areas of licensure preparation. required qualifications include the following: ala-approved m aster’s degree in library/information science and a subject m aster’s degree or specialist degree or ph.d.; a minimum of three to five years successful academic library administration/supervision; experience as a reference librarian; experience in developing and adm inistering av/tv, including instructional television and distance education; ability to provide leadership in instructional technology; leadership experience with emerging technologies in an academic setting; record of successful personnel adm inistration and budget preparation and management; effective skills in interpersonal relations, oral and w ritten communication, and analytical and decision-making processes; a commitment to collaborative decision-making and staff development; ability to represent the university and the university’s instructional resources to external constituencies. also desirable: ability to secure external funding; experience in long-range planning; experience w ith collective bargaining; teaching experience. to apply: send a letter of interest, resume, a completed standard application form (accessed a t the website listed below), copies of graduate transcripts and nam es of five references (including current addresses and daytime telephone numbers) to: dr. virginia klenk, chairperson, search committee, m oorhead state u niversity, 1104 seventh avenue south, moorhead, mn 56563; telephone: (218)236-2764; fax: (218) 287-5037; e-mail: schafier@ mhdl.moorhead.msus.edu; vacancy website: http://www.moorhead.msus.edu/vacancy; instructional resources director website: http://www.moorhead.msus.edu/acadserv/director.htm. review of completed files will begin on februaiy 15, 2000 and will continue until position is filled. successful candidate m ust be legally authorized to work in the u nited states on the day employment begins. moorhead state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer and educator. head, yrl bibliographers group. the bibliographers group within the ucla library's charles e. young research library seeks an innovative librarian who will have broad adm inistrative responsibility for the operations of the department. responsible for managing and providing leadership in the development and management of collections in the hum anities and social sciences. the head has responsibility for collection development in one or more areas of history and possibly other subjects within the hum anities and social sciences. m anagement and administrative responsibilities include: overseeing all personnel m atters for a staff of 11.5 fte; monitoring and reconciling the operations budget; allocating and managing a m aterials budget of approximately 2.1 million dollars; directing strategic planning and carrying out of unit goals; and representing the interests and views of the departm ent on administrative advisory committees. qualifications: administrative or supervisory experience in collection development in a research libraiy or demonstrated ability to adm inister a departm ent of professional and support staff devoted to collection development and management. graduate level study, or equivalent experience, in the hum anities or social sciences. collection development experience in one or more areas of history. experience in selection and management of electronic resources and knowledge of current trends in information technology as they apply to collection management and development. thorough understanding of research needs and organization of scholarly literature. reading knowledge of at least one foreign language. ability to work well in a changing environment. excellent english communication and interpersonal skills and ability to work with staff, students, and faculty of culturally diverse backgrounds. commitment to professional development and service. research level knowledge of anglo-american history preferred. background will normally include a profes­ sional degree from an accredited library and information science graduate program. salary range: $40,248-$68,112 plus monthly administrative stipend: $350. anyone wishing to be considered for the position should write to: karen murray, administrative specialist, charles e. young research library, ucla, 11334 yrl, box 951575, los angeles, ca 90095-1575. candidates applying by february 28,2000, will be given first consideration. for full description of duties and qualifications and application procedures, see website: www.library.ucla.edu/admin/staffserv/openposn.htm. mailto:schafier@mhdl.moorhead.msus.edu http://www.moorhead.msus.edu/vacancy http://www.moorhead.msus.edu/acadserv/director.htm http://www.library.ucla.edu/admin/staffserv/openposn.htm structure bookmarks 146 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 career oppoiiunities from across the country deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $9.50 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $11.50 for others. late job notices discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions.internet: c&rl news classified ads are accessible on the world wide web at http://www.ala.org/acrl/c&rlnew2.html. ads will be placed approximately 2-3 weeks before the printed edition of c&rl news is published.contact: christopher becker, classified advertising man­ager, c&rl news classified advertising department, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60 positions openaccess services division head. isu's milner library seeks an innovative, service-oriented leadertomanagecirculation services, print and electronic reserve, interlibrary loan, document delivery, storage, and building security with a staff of 12 career fte employees. this library faculty member will evaluate workflow, procedures, and policies of access service units; maintain and apply current knowledge of copyright and intellectual property issues; work general reference desk for occasional wee salary guidelisted below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for governmental agencies that employ librarians. the recommendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommendations for minimum salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recom­mended minimums, as well as other salary c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 147 assistant/associate librarianarizona state university westlife sciences/nursing librarian. we seek an individual who can plan, deliver, and assess research support and instruction for diverse students, faculty, and staff. responsibilities include developing innovative approaches to research assistance, collection development, and delivery of services in an organization committed to electronic resources and access. this position provides assistance for complex research inquiries, collaborates with faculty in 148 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 and job #, a current resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 professional references to: martina johansen, the univer­sity of arizona library, 1510 e. university, room c327, p.o. box210055, tucson, az 85721-0055. you may also send e-mail inquiries to: ghendric @ bird.library.arizona.edu or johansen @ bird.library.arizona.edu. review of application materials begins february21,2000, and will continue until the positions are filled. complete job descriptions will be sent upon receipt of letter to: shannon mcginnis, human resources, the art institute of chi­cago, 111 south michigan avenue, chicago, il60603; aic.jobs@artic.edu; fax: (312)857-0141. eoe.cataloger. the university of arkansas libraries seek a full-time catalogerto perform original cataloging for monographs, curriculum materials, and selected av materials. the person in this position will supervise one fte assistant, assist with the management of copy cataloging for books, and perform other professional duties as assigned. the catalog instruction librarianuniversity of northern coloradothe university of northern colorado seeks appli­cants for the position of instruction librarian & assistant professor of library science, position number 21.921. required: master's degree from an ala-accredited library school; experience in a college, university, or research library appro­priate to the position. this is a term track position. the position reports to the head of instructional services. responsible for developing and deliv­ering library orie (cataloger)vacancy announcement #990341 gs-1410-09 (9304) $35,310 $45,900 gs-1410-11 (9305) $42,724 $55,541 gs-1410-12 (9306) $51,204 $66,664*salary reflects locality pay for calendar year 2000.the library of congress is seeking a librarian to perform descriptive and subject cataloging of monographs and serials in an online mode in the medical disciplines and biotechnology. the incumbent will search bibliographic databases to determine rela­tionship of items to existing bibliographic records; analyze c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 149 resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to juana r. young, acting directorof libraries, university of arkansas, fayetteville, ar 72701 -1201. the university of arkansas is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. applicants must have proof of legal authority to work in the united states.coordinator of bibliographic services & systems. as­sistant/associate professor, university library. required: graduate de­gree in librarianship from an ala-accredited instit vative interfaces; experience with resource sharing consortia. this is a tenure-track, 12-month calendar year position. review of applications will begin on march 1, 2000, and continue until position is filled. submit a resume and cover letterto: william o’malley, search committee chair (log# 141034crl), university of rhode island, p.o. box g, kingston, rl 02881. the university of rhode island is an aa/eoe and is committed to increasing the diversity of its faculty, staff and students. persons from under-re dean of library servicesthe american college of greecethe american college of greece invites appli­cations for the position of dean of library services, effective august 1, 2000.the american college of greece is the oldest and largest independent, american-sponsored educational institution in europe. today it en­rolls approximately 8000 students in three divisions: pierce college, a six-year high school; the junior college, awarding associate de­grees; and deree college, a four-year under­graduate college o library directorcardinal stritch universitycardinal stritch university, a catholic, franciscan, coeducational institution, the sec­ond largest private institution in wisconsin, whose main campus is located in a suburb of milwaukee, seeks an individual to assume the position of library director. the successful candidate will be an energetic, creative librar­ian who will provide strong, forward-looking leadership and effective management for a service-oriented library.requirements: mls from an ala-accredited 150 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 library instruction. produces instructional materials in print and web-based formats. conducts needs assessment and evaluation of instructional ser­vices. proactively promotes the library instruction program through market­ing, public relations, and outreach. provides reference service. supervises library instruction librarian. reports to the assistant director for public and research services. qualifications: required: ala-accredited de­gree; demonstrated commitment to library public services and instructi collegial leadership style; and qualifications for appointment to faculty tenure-track position. candidates should also have a creative and coherent vision of the role of the library in the swiftly changing academic environ­ment; a breadth of practical library experience encompassing both public and technical services; and demonstrated participation in campus life and community activities. salary competitive, dependent on qualifications and experience. to apply, send letter of interest, curriculum vitae and social sciences librarianuniversity of richmondthe social sciences reference librarian is one of six librarians who provide reference, outreach, and instruction services in boatwright memorial library (main library). the university of richmond has an innovative program in outreach and instruction and we intend to hire a dynamic librarian who will contribute in this important area. as part of this team, the librarian’s schedule requires at least one evening a week as well as participation in a weekend rotati c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 151 head of reference and instructioncarleton college laurence mckinley gould librarythe laurence mckinley gould library is a vibrant center of the intellectual and cultural life of the campus, and serves a significant educational role in a college community committed to excellence in learning and teaching. we seek an experienced, talented and energetic head of reference and instruction to join us in developing an imaginative, student-centered liberal arts college library program. beginning in the fall of 2000, 152 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 establishment and revision of procedures for providing intellectual access to electronic resources, including cd-roms, digital images, numeric files, electronic journals, text files, and online databases. in addition, this position will provide leadership for the formulation of policies related to access to electronic resources and the role of the opac in providing coherent access to in-house and external electronic resources including locally developed scholarly digital resources. the incumbent will addres employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply, http:// www.lib.uiowa.edu/index.html.evening reference/assistant cataloging librarian.theuniversity of scranton, harry & jeanette weinberg memorial library. tenure-track position. the university of scranton seeks an evening refer­ence librarian/assistant cataloger. dual responsibilities include providing a full range of evening reference services, including user education, and cataloging activities. qualifications: ala-accredited mls and library experi rutgers university librarieswomen’s studies librarian: selects women’s and gender studies materials; provides instruction, training, reference; liaison to the women’s studies program. develops/maintains www pages. reading knowledge of european and/or other languages and relevant experience in the humanities and social sciences. (app #137)world history/jewish studies librarian: selector for western and eastern europe, asia, middle east and jewish studies. provides instruction, training, reference; liaison t c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 153 ence with oclc; experience with a local integrated library system; knowl­edge of cataloging trends and national initiatives; knowledge of technical services automation; and excellent communication skills. preferred: su­pervisory and management experience; experience with innovative inter­faces inc. system. salary: from $45,000 commensurate with qualifications and experience. rank: librarian 2; faculty status. other benefits: tiaa/ cref, broad insurance program, 22 days vacation and 12 days sick leave per ye manages budget, provides extensive bibliographic instruction and delivery of information services to respective departments; consults regularly with hper’s library committee and serves on appropriate hper and iub libraries committees. qualifications: mls degree with academic back­ground or prior work experience in relevant areas or combination of equivalent education and experience. preference to be given to candidates with training or experience in one of the subject areas served by hper library as well as web development librariangeorgia state universitygeorgia state university (gsu), a dynamic urban university in downtown atlanta, is seeking a web development librarian to create a library website that is the “portal of choice” for the faculty and students of gsu. this position will have overall responsibility for the design, development, and maintenance of the library’s public and internal websites; provide leadership in defining and creating innovative web-based services; engage in staff training in the de 154 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 library c-201, bloomington, in 47405. phone: (812) 855-8196; fax: (812) 855-2576; e-mail: ycooperb @ indiana.edu. review of applications begins march 7,2000, continues until the position is filled. for further information concerning indiana university: http://www.indiana.edu/iub. indiana uni­versity is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer.information systems librarian. responsibilities: unlv li­braries is seeking a service-oriented librarian, at the assistant professor rank, for the position of as sgml, dhtml, vrml, xml, css, cgi, perl, and/or javascript;experience with website development and maintenance applications, in­cluding imaging software; experience with internet communications tools and applications; reference services experience. salary range: this is a tenure-track position. salary is commensurate with qualifications and experience. the university has an excellent fringe benefits package. the setting: unlv is nevada’s largest comprehensive, doctoral-degreegranting institution with 22 departmentrutgers university librariesrutgers university libraries invites nominations and applications for the position of head, acquisitions department. the successful candidate will be responsible for central acquisitions of all library materials and end processing for materials cataloged centrally; rutgers libraries materials budget is approximately 7 million dollars. the head of acquisitions will direct the department of 10 fte staff in the use of new technologies and in electronic processing of ma special collections and preservation librarianoberlin collegecoordinates special collections and preserva­tion programs in an outstanding college library.required: sound liberal arts education, aca­demic library experience; knowledge of rare books and special collections, preservation and conservation techniques, and preserva­tion program administration; demonstrated su­pervisory ability; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; strong service orientation; planning and organization skills; commitme c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 155 will begin february 25,2000, and will continue until the position is filled. specific questions may be addressed to megan fitch, search committee chair, atmfitch@nevada.edu, or call (702) 895-3286. unlvisan equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. persons are selected on the basis of ability without regard to race, color, sex, age, national origin, sexual orientation, religion, disability or veteran status.lending services librarian. tenure-track, 12-month, faculty po­sition. responsibilities primaril continues until position is filled. aa/eoe.librarian/archivist. albion college is searching for a full-time librarian/archivist. the archivist is responsible to the director of libraries forthe full administration of the albion college archives collection. this includes selection, preservation, and management of historical material including photographic images, inactive administrative files, materials relating to the history of albion college, its faculty, staff, administration and students. the archivist information literacy librarian/coordinator information literacy programhttp://www.plattsburgh.edu plattsburgh state university of new york library & information servicethe division of library & information services at plattsburgh state university invites applications for a newly created information literacy librarian position. this position is responsible for the continuing development of plattsburgh's outstanding information instruction program that began in 1979. the core feature of the current program is 156 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 consulting librariansthree positions cornell collegethe russell d. cole library is redesigning its program to create a team of librarians who will collaborate with faculty toward an integrated information literacy program to prepare students for an information society. we seek librarians with a passion for teaching and service, enthusiasm for interaction with faculty, initiative and creativity, and skills in reference and collection development with an increasing emphasis on electronic resources. these libr c&rl news ■ february 2000 /157 in managing historical collections in an archives, library museum or historical agency. preferable qualifications include strong background in archival research methodology with demonstrated skills in oral and written communication, and library reference experience desirable. interested candidates should send a letter of application, resume, and three current letters of reference to dr. john p. kondelik, director of libraries, albion college, kc 4692, albion, ml 49224. eoe. applicant screening will begin fe jects. materials handled may include electronic resources and other media. materials are processed for the main and science libraries, some laboratory collections, and off-campus research facility libraries. mono­graphs original catalogers sen/e as resource persons for monographic cataloging within the department and in otherareas of the libraries. the university of georgia libraries participates in gil, a state-wide intercon­nected implementation of the endeavor voyager system. the libraries is a member of university of california, irvineassociate university librarians the university of california, irvine libraries are recruiting for three associate university librarian (aul) positions to complete the senior administrative team. the university librarian, gerald j. munoff, is seeking innovative, creative, flexible, and knowledgeable executives to join an enthusiastic staff in building a research library of excellence for a young and rapidly-growing university ranked nationally in the top universities. the campus of 19,285 students and 1,010 faculty is planning to grow by 5 team member in a production-oriented environment; effective oral and written communication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships; cataloging experience in an academic or research library preferred. benefits: standard benefits package includes life, health and disability insurance and mandatory participation in the state or optional retirement system, and 21 days annual leave, plus 12 paid holidays. salary minimum: $29,500, commensurate with experience. for further informa devise strategy for library development. works with eastman coordinator of technology to guide direction of technology development within the library; also collaborates with other university of rochester library direc­tors to create policy guiding the university-wide automated library system. reports to the dean of academic affairs at the eastman school of music. institution: the sibley music library, founded in 1904, serves primarily students and faculty of the eastman school of music and the university of reference librarians: two positionsuniversity of missouri-rollathe university of missouri-rolla is seeking qualified applicants to: (1) provide comprehensive reference services for print and electronic resources in a centralized library which has a strong science and engineering focus; (2] participate in an active library instruction program; and (3) serve as liaisor to selected departments for acquisitions and specialized information ser­vices. some evening and weekend hours are required. required: ala-mls. demonstrated strong commitment to delivering quality public service. experience with library computer applications, including html, the internet, and other information technologies experience in a computer-intensive setting and ability to work in a demanding, rapidly changing environment. reference experience in an academic library, including the ability to conduct effective reference interviews.desired: experience in meeting user information needs, especially in scientific and engineerin 158 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 159 cataloging, client services, or music information technologies. dynamic leadership skills and ability to work with diverse constituency of studio and academic faculty, students, and the larger community of the university of rochester. strong written and oral communication skills. active participa­tion and leadership in professional organizations in music or librarianship. desired: graduate degree in music history, theory, music education, performance, or a related field. salary and benefits: competitive sal reference librarian/assistant professor. rollins col­lege invites applications for an enthusiastic and service-oriented librarian to join its reference team. primary responsibilities include: providing assistance during scheduled hours at the reference desk; participating in library instruction, electronic database search training, and reference collection development; preparing bibliographies, user guides and exhib­its. basic qualifications include an ala-accredited mls; a working knowl­edge of print and e mann library, cornell university 2 positionscornell university's albert r. mann library invites applications for the following two positions:metadata librarianresponsible for organizing access to the growing number of networked information resources and cataloging materials in a variety of formats. evaluate and analyze models for organizing networked information and help devise and implement solutions. provide recommendations on the types of metadata required tor effective access to electronic publication 160 / c&rl news ■ february 2000kresge engineriansassistant/associate libraering(2)u.c.berkeley electronic outreach librarianresponsible for developing and coordinating the instructional outreach program of the engineering library, and for collection development and faculty liaison in support of one engineering department. other responsibilities include refer­ence desk coverage, instruction and web page development.assistant head/reference librarianresponsible for coordination of reference services, collection development and faculty liaison in support of two engineering departments, and management ov criteria forcontinuing appointment, promotion, and tenure. salary: $30,000$36,000 annually depending on qualifications; 12-month contract; standard benefits package available. starting date: june 1,2000. rollins college is an independent, private liberal arts institution with a total enrollment of 2,600 located in winter park, florida. the olin library houses a collection of280,000 volumes, 1,500 periodicals, 68,000 government documents, nu­merous electronic databases, and two state-of-the-art information a reference librarian with a strong commitment to user services and enthusiasm forteaching to develop innovative library services for a premier political science department. an excellent opportunity to join a humanities/ social sciences reference team (8 librarians, 2 paraprofessionals) to deliver services that support instruction, research, and writing for faculty and students. the successful candidate will be a member of a group facilitating the integration of statistical and geographical data services in c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 161 two positions—searches extended head, electronic resources program head, library automation departmentnimitz library u.s. naval academythe nimitz library, united states naval academy, is extending the timetable of its searches for the following two positions.1. head, electronic resources program. as leader in the development and maintenance of the library’s electronic information resources, the incumbent will, with input from the nine other librarians in the reference department, and working closely with th 162 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 william patersonuniversitythe william paterson university of new jersey is a comprehensive public institution of higher learning that is committed to promoting student success, academic excellence, and community outreach with opportunities for lifelong learning. boasting a highly distinguished and diverse faculty, nationally renowned academic programs, and state-ofthe-art information and communications technology, the university maintains a low student-faculty ratio (12:1) and small class size (21:3) for (716)275-4461. fax: (716)244-1358. e-mail: kkitrinos@rcl.lib.rochester.edu. university of rochester is an equal opportunity employer. review of applications will begin no laterthan february 20,2000, and will continue until the position is filled.social science reference librarian. (position no. 250150) florida atlantic university. reports to head, reference department. participates in all aspects of busy reference department, including evening/ weekend rotation, library instruction, database searching, and library. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: chair, reference librarian search committee, s.e. wimberly library, florida atlantic university, 777 glades road, boca raton, fl 33431. application must be postmarked no later than march 30, 2000. florida atlantic university is an equal opportunity/access/affirmative action institution.social sciences librarian. western kentucky university seeks applications forthe position of social sciences c&rl news ■ february 2000 / 163 ject master's/doctorate in the social sciences, familiarity with electronic reference tools, including internet resources. preferred qualifications include successful public sen/ices and collection experience; reading knowledge of french, german or spanish; and excellentoral and written communication skills. research and publication are required for promo­tion and tenure. duties: selection and management of collections in broadcasting/journalism, communications, psychology and sociology; serving as the liai dresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references who can provide current assessments of the candidate’s performance potential in his/her discipline. complete application materials should be sent to: professor marsha l. nolf, chair, library search committee, louis l. manderino library, california university of pennsylvania, 250 univer­sity avenue, california, pa 15419-1394; 724-938-4048; e-mail: nolf @ cup.edu. california university of pennsylvania is an affirmative ac­tion/equal opportunity emplo late job listingscoordinator collection management. search reopened for libraiy faculty positions. hampton university, william r. and norma b. harvey library. coordinator collection management is a new position of leadership that will oversee collection development from assessment and selection to acquisitions and organization. this librarian will be respon­sible for developing strategies to increase the effectiveness of materials selection, apply technologies and data to assess all university collections, 164 / c&rl news ■ february 2000 director of instructional resources. moorhead state university, moorhead, minnesota. position begins july 1, 2000. salary range $72,565-$97,267, depending on qualifica­tions and experience. position responsibilities include administering the library and providing leadership and management to the university's library, audiovisual, instructional tv and instructional technology services. the director reports directly to the vice president for academic affairs and has supervisory responsibility for approximatel acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 172 / c&rlnews the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.25 per line for acrl members, $6.60 for others. late job notices are $12.60 per line for members, $14.70 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep’t, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. materials wanted space problems? we will buy your surplus serials, technical, scientific and historic materials. send list for best offer to: colfax books, p.o. box 380542, denver, co 80238. positions open access services librarian, temple university libraries. responsibilities: under the direction of the head, access services department, oversees the activities and services of the main univer­ sity library's current periodicals, microforms, and reserve collec­ tions. serves as primary contact to faculty and academic depart­ ments for services offered in support of instructional and research activities. provides access and reference service for journal and mi­ croforms literature. coordinates staff activities, including selection, training and evaluation. fulfills liaison role to other related service ar­ eas in the central library system. assists department head with im­ provement of current services, and planning/implementation of new services or programs. assumes general departmental responsibili­ ties in the department head s absence. participates in developing and implementing library-wide procedures, policies and goals salary guide listed below are the minimum starting sal­ ary figures recommended by 16 state library associations for professional library posts in these states. job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1988, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librar­ ian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative com­ pensation survey) when evaluating profes­ sional vacancies. for more information, con­ tact the ala office for library personnel services. connecticut $22,200 indiana varies* iowa $18,792 kansas $17,500* louisiana $20,000 maine var s* massachusetts $ ie 22,000 new hampshire $17,500 new jersey $22,000 new york varies* north carolina $20,832 ohio $20,024 pennsylvania $20,000 rhode island $21,000 vermont $19,000 west virginia $20,000 wisconsin $23,700 * rather than establish one statewide salary min­ imum, some state associations have adopted a for­ mula based on such variables as comparable sala­ ries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post in these cases, you may wish to contact the state as­ sociation for minimum salary information. through service on task forces and committees. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited program. experience in library ac­ cess services or related areas, with one-to-years at the professional level preferred. effective communication skills, both oral and written. organizational skills, and demonstrated ability to supervise and di­ rect the work of staff, including program conceptualization, planning and implementation. experience with online library systems, includ­ ing circulation/reserve modules, and office automation technology highly desirable. salary: minimum $20,000 (for 10-month contract), higher depending on qualifications and experience. liberal fringe benefits include health, dental, and life insurance; tuition remission; tiaa-cref. send letter addressing all qualifications stated above, resume, and names of 3 references to: laila el-zein, chair, search committee, d o administrative services department, paley library 017-00, temple university, philadelphia, pa 19122. review of ap­ plications to begin on march 1,1989, and will continue until position is filled. an aa/eo employer. archives administrator. challenging opportunity to plan, supervise and direct the services, programs and staff of the library/ manuscript department. require graduate degree from accredited institution in library science or archival sciences or afro-american february 1989 / 173 history or american history or studies; formal archival training; expe­ rience in use of manuscript materials in exhibits. salary range: $22,500-$24,500. call 1-800-blk-hist or write to: national afro american museum, p.o. box 578, wilberforce, oh 45384. eoe. assistant director of libraries, collection development and management, libraries of the claremont colleges. provides leadership in defining, building, evaluating and preserving the col­ lections of the libraries in support of the programs of the five under­ graduate colleges and the claremont graduate school for instruc­ tion and research. works closely with senior library staff, faculty members, subject bibliographers and others. collection size, 1.6 mil­ lion volumes, staff of 65. materials budget of $1.3 million. qualifica­ tions: broad range of scholarly interests, experienced administrator in collection development and management, effective communica­ tor, knowledge of book trade and trends in collection management. master’s degree from accredited library school or equivalent essen­ tial. additional graduate study desirable. salary: $40,000-$48,000. apply by april 30,1989 to: eleanor montague, vice president for ad­ ministration, the claremont university center, claremont, ca 91711. include complete statement of qualifications, full resume, statement of two pages or less concerning philosophy of collection management and names and addresses of three references who are knowledgeable about applicant’s qualifications for the position. po­ sition available july 1,1989. equal opportunity employer. assistant engineering librarian, search reopened. re quirements; mls (ala-accredited) plus a minimum of 2 years pro­ fessional experience, preferably in a library supporting technical dis­ ciplines. desired qualifications: experience or interest in automated library procedures; computer experience or education; and techno­ logical literacy. database searching experience helpful. some su­ pervision experience needed. ability to formulate, administer, and implement user education and public relations programs utilizing various media. experience in bibliographic instruction. responsibili­ ties: shares in management and operational responsibilities. partici­ pates in planning and implementation of new services, procedures, and development of policies. shares responsibility for training and supervision of support staff; liaison with faculty; reference; database searching; and collection development. also responsible for super­ vision of aviation technology library. makes presentations to uni­ versity classes and other groups on library services, resources, and facilities. members of the library faculty must meet purdue univer­ sity requirements (excellence in librarianship; research and publish­ ing; and service) for promotion and tenure. status and benefits: fac­ ulty status and responsibilities. rank commensurate with education and experience. twelve month appointment with annual vacation of 22 working days. flexible benefit programs are in effect as are tiaa cref retirement and social security coverage. salary: $22,000 and up depending on qualifications. deadline: march 15, 1989 or until position is filled. send resume and list of references to: thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue uni­ versity, west lafayette, in 47907. an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. assistant head, acquisitions department assists in managing department and supervising staff; will evaluate vendor performance and assist in upgrading automated acquisitions sys­ tem; may be responsible for collection development in specific ar­ eas. qualifications: master of library science from accredited school; knowledge of foreign language required, french or italian preferred; good organizational and communication skills; experi­ ence with oclc and notis desired. salary: minimum $21,000. starting date, as soon as possible after march 1,1989. send resume to: peggy weissert, library personnel officer, theodore m. hes burgh library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in, 46556 by march 1 for insured consideration. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. assistant librarian, associate librarian, or li­ brarian, head, cataloging department. under general direction of associate dean for technical services, primarily respon­ sible for leadership, administration, management of work activities and personnel of cataloging department: direct implementation of online catalog as it effects workflow of department; other duties in­ clude assisting in library-wide implementation of notis and serving as member of technical services administrators and administrative council. qualifications: required: mls from ala-accredited library school; demonstrated ability in organizational, managerial, supervi­ sory skills; three years successful library experience in a professional appointment; previous cataloging experience using oclc or other bibliographic utility in a complex, multi-lingual collection; excellent verbal and written communication skills; ability to relate effectively with other library and university faculty and staff; ability to meet re­ sponsibilities and requirements of tenure-track appointment. prefer­ red: experience with notis or other integrated online system; expe­ rience with microcomputers and their application in cataloging. salary dependent on qualifications and experience; salary floors are observed: assistant librarian: $21,500; associate librarian: $27,000; librarian: $33,000. conditions and benefits: librarians hold tenure-track appointments within a system of ranks analogous to and modeled on those of the teaching faculty. they participate in a system of faculty governance which includes the bloomington li­ brary faculty council and the university library faculty council. within the university they are eligible for election to campus and uni­ versity faculty councils and serve on university committees and task forces. they are eligible for sabbatical and other research leaves. benefits include blue cross/blue shield, major medical insurance, tiaa/cref retirement/annuity plan, group life insurance and liberal vacation and sick leave. to apply: a letter of application stating quali­ fications and background relevant to this specific position accompa­ nied by a resume and the names and addresses of four references should be sent to: the search and screen committee in care of: marilyn shaver, personnel officer, indiana university libraries, main library c-2, bloomington, in 47405. telephone: (812) 855­ 3403. available date: may 1,1989. closing date for applications: no earlier than march 15,1989. eeo/aae. assistant reference librarian. assist in providing gen­ eral reference services in the social sciences and humanities. partici­ pates in bibliographic instruction, online searching and collection nonprint media ̂ services librarian tenure track faculty appointment to start september 1. responsible for plan n in g , d evelo p m en t, and day-to-day operations of nonprint media services, including collec­ tion developm ent; upgrading of h a rd w a re ; and s u p e rv is io n of microforms, curriculum materials c e n te r, s e rv ic e s to th e h a n d i­ capped, equipm ent delivery, and microcomputer lab. the fully auto­ mated university libraries house over 575,000 volumes, 550 micro­ forms, 35,000 nonprint items, and maintain 5,500 current serials sub­ s c riptio n s. mls req u ired ; o ther a d v a n c e d e g re e p re fe rre d . experience highly desirable. salary $ 2 4,000 and up. send le tte r of application, resum e, and names and addresses of three references by march 1, 1989 to: eugene t. neely, dean, university libraries, adelphi university box704 ariolfm univeisity is on io/aa fmployot m/f 174 / cirrl news development. minimum requirements are: mls degree from an ala-accredited school; one year’s professional experience (prefer­ ably in an academic library); bibliographic instruction experience; a working knowledge of one modern european language. salary $21,500 minimum, dependent upon experience and qualifications. excel lent fringe benefits. open march 1989. send resume by febru­ ary 28 to: james delaneey, georgetown university library, p.o. box 37445, washington, dc 20013. g.u. is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. assistant systems librarian, position available july 1, 1989, contingent on funding requested from the legislature. under the direction of the systems librarian. responsible for coordinating, monitoring and evaluating library microcomputer applications; coor­ dinates and assists in training of library staff in the use of microcom­ puter software and hardware; participates in automated systems de­ velopment for the libraries; assists systems librarian in budget preparation, grant writing, and analysis related to online systems. tenure track position. a progressive record of professional/scholarly achievement is expected of all librarians. required: ala-accredited mls or its equivalent; demonstrated knowledge of microcomputers and their applications in a library environment; familiarity with online circulation system, public access catalog, and/or other component of an automated library system. preferred: experience in several li­ brary units in an academic or research library; familiarity with micro­ soft word, lotus 1-2-3, dbase iii + , and other microcomputer soft­ ware; experience in production o f batch products from an automated library system; knowledge of cd-rom, expert systems, and/or desktop publishing applications in a library environment. rank: librarian 2 or above, dependent on previous relevant experi­ ence; faculty status. salary: $19,500 or above, commensurate with experience and qualifications. tiaa/cref, broad insurance pro­ grams, 22 days vacation, 12 days sick leave per year. send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: maureen pas tine, director of libraries, washington state university libraries, pullman, wa 99164-5610. applications must be postmarked not later than march 31, 1989. wsu is an eo/aa educator and em­ ployer. protected group members are encouraged to apply. associate librarian/cataloger. small liberal arts college library in lake setting invites applications for position involving variety of professional experiences, including supervision of cataloging processes, oversight of serials and documents, reference, and par­ ticipation in library management. must have demonstrated ability in cataloging, oclc, aacr2, lcc; five years experience including catalog automation preferred. level of appointment dependent upon qualifications and experience, minimum salary $21,000, fac­ ulty status. application deadline, march 15, position open july 1. send letter of application to: elizabeth holmes, college librarian, st. andrews presbyterian college, detamble library, laurinburg, nc 28352. sapc is an aa/eeo employer. director of services columbia university libraries columbia university is seeking an exceptional librarian to provide creative leadership in planning and implementing innovative services as the university libraries enter a challenging period of change. the libraries are in the process of installing the notis integrated system; are undergoing comprehensive space and programmatic planning; and are planning for innovative methods to deliver instructional and information services to the academic community, both locally and nationally. in addition, the libraries and computer center are jointly planning for the application of computer technologies to enhance and reshape information services at columbia. reporting to the vice president for information services and university librarian, the director of services has primary responsibility for the development and provision of services to members of the academic com­ munity in the humanities, social sciences, and science and engineering, as well as for system-wide coordi­ nation of service activities in the distinctive collections. responsibilities encompass policy development; effective utilization of staff and budgetary resources; and the effective coordination of relevant system-wide activities with senior colleagues. in addition to the three division chiefs reporting to this position, the staff of the services group includes 33 professionals, 90 supporting staff, and an fte of 50 student employees. the collections involved contain 2 million volumes. qualifications: a minimum of five years of substantial experience in a large academic and/or research library, including responsibility for a major public services area. an mls from an accredited library school required; a graduate subject degree is desirable. demonstrated evidence of leadership, managerial, and creative abilities essential. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. salary from a minimum of $55,000. submit resume with letter of interest and names of three references to: services search committee box 35 butler library columbia university 535 west 114th street new york, ny 10027 the deadline for applications is march 1, 1989. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. february 1989 / 175 bibliographic instruction librarian and serials management librarian. the michigan technological univer­ sity library is conducting a national search to fill two (2) professional positions (bibliographic instruction librarian and serials manage­ ment librarian). these positions were authorized in august of 1988 and came about through early retirements. if you are dynamic, chal­ lenged by growth and change, want to work with excellently quali­ fied students, motivated to provide services to conscientious faculty, and want to be part of a collegial professional team, you might be the librarians we seek. minimum salary $19,000. screening of applica­ tions will begin on march 1,1989 and continue until successful appli­ cants are identified, starting date july 1,1989. send letter of applica­ tion, resume, and list of three references to: search committee, j. robert van pelt library, michigan technological university, houghton, ml 49931. michigan technological university is an equal opportunity educational institution, equal opportunity employer. business reference librarian, university of north texas, denton, texas. position description: the business reference li­ brarian provides reference service to the students, faculty, and other patrons of the collection in the university libraries primarily in the fields of management, accounting, marketing, finance, insurance, business law, and business computer information systems under the direct supervision of the head of general reference services. this position will have primary responsibility for providing collection development in enhancing the collection, bibliographic instruction and database searching in the assigned areas of business. minimum qualifications: a position requiring at least five years of professional experience in business reference in an academic or research library; mls from an ala-accredited library school; and an undergraduate subject specialty in business or economics. preference will be given to individuals with advanced degrees in business or economics. knowledge of database searching techniques. desirable qualifica­ tions: knowledge of collection development techniques and re­ sources in the field of business. familiarity of basic computer appli­ cations in libraries and teaching experience is desirable. the university: the university of north texas has over 24,000 students and one of the largest colleges of business administration in the united states. the college of business administration has over 5,600 undergraduates, 150 doctoral candidates, 730 masters candi­ dates, and 110 faculty members. available: 1 january 1989. salary: $35,000 + . benefits: competitive benefits package. no state in­ come tax. applicants should send a resume, copies of all transcripts and the names and addresses of three references before march 17, 1989, to: margaret e. galloway, associate director of libraries, uni­ versity of north texas libraries, box 5188 n.t. station, denton, tx 76203-5188. university of north texas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian. requirements: mls (ala-accredited) plus reading knowledge of one or more modern foreign languages. preferred qualifications: cataloging exeprience including working knowledge of authority practices, aacr cataloging rules, lc rule in­ terpretations and marc formats; broad educational background, with emphasis on the humanities and/or social sciences; reading knowledge of german, russian, japanese or chinese in combina­ tion with a romance language; familiarity with dewey decimal classi­ fication; experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility; experi­ ence with an online catalog. responsibilities: performs original and complex copy cataloging and classification of monographs in all physical formats in assigned subject areas, mainly the humanities and social sciences; establishes aacr2 form of names, assigns lc subject headings and solves authority problems; participates in the development of cataloging policies and procedures. status and benefits: exempt professional appointment with annual vacation of 22 working days. flexible benefit programs, group life, medical and disability insurance programs are in effect as are tiaa/cref and so­ cial security. salary: $20,000 and up depending on qualifications. deadline: march 9,1989 or until position is filled. send resume and 3 references to: thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, purdue uni­ versity libraries, stewart center-room 265, west lafayette, in 47907. an eeo/aa employer. catalog/reference librarian, rhode island school of de sign. responsibilities: catalog and classify library materials in rlin (3/4 time); assist with reference service in an art school library (1/4 time). qualifications: ala-accredited mls; undergraduate degree in art history or studio art preferred; reading knowledge of at least one modern european language; three years of library experience, pref— ini— d ir e c t o r o f library services (search extended) c heyn ey university is searching for a director to take strong leadership in­ itiatives in further developing the library’s resources and services to enhance the u niversity’s mission o f academic excellence. reporting directly to the v ic e president o f a cadem ic affairs, selected candidate will direct all operations o f the library, supervising b o th faculty professionals and technical staff. m inim um requirements are an a l a accredited m aster’s degree; three years o f administrative experience and five years o f academic library experience with a doctorate preferred. duties include: maintaining and developing library co l­ lections; administering and planning budget; furthering application o f automated inform ation technologies; writing policies and procedures and p ro­ viding services to faculty and students. salary range is $38,789 to $48,486, plus an excellent benefits package. c heyn ey, the oldest historically black college in the u nited states, was established in 1837. t h e university is on e o f the fourteen in the pennsylvania state system o f higher education. its 275 acre campus is located 18 miles west o f the philadelphia a irport and 15 miles north o f w ilm ington, de. qualified candidates should submit a letter o f application, com plete with vita and the names and telephone numbers o f three references, postm arked by m arch 3 0 , 1 9 8 9 to: h um an resources, library d irector search, c h e y n e y u n iv e r s i t y , c heyney, p a 1 9 3 1 9 . a n affirmative a ction /e qu a l opportunity employer. ( f lll 1 c univ h ersi e ty o y f pe n nns e ylva y nia 176 / c&rl news erably in technical services; knowledge of online cataloging (run or oclc) and automated systems. available july 1, 1989. salary; $22,500 minimum, excellent benefits. send application, resume and three references by april 1, 1989 to: carol s. terry, director of li­ brary services, rhode island school of design, 2 college street, providence, rl 02903. eoe cataloger. bowling green state university, a comprehensive university in n.w. ohio, seeks a cataloger (due to retirement). re­ sponsibilities include original cataloging and copy cataloging of books, serials, avs, and other formats, primarily for the bgsu li­ braries' curriculum resource center and the main stacks collection. required: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of aacr2, library of congress and dewey classification, lc and sear’s subject head­ ings, desired: some cataloging experience including application of the dewey classification system for curriculum materials; biblio­ graphic knowledge of one or more western european languages. salary: minimum of $21,000 with excellent fringe benefits. rank of assistant professor. this is a twelve-month, tenure-track position. librarian suny plattsburgh suny plattsburgh’s feinberg library is seeking an innovative and dynamic person to assume leadership role in the newly created area of acces services. reporting to the director of libraries, the head of access services will be responsible for planning, management and supervision of circula tion, media services, reserve, interlibrary loan and space and facilities. will also serve as a liaison to the microcomputer laboratory staff. plattsburgh is located on the shore of lake champlain, one hour from montreal, lake placid and burlington, vermont. qualifications: effective communication, problem-solving and interpersonal skills, and commitment to creating a responsive and innova tive public services environment. ala-accredited master's degree and at least three years of experi ence in public service in an academic library is re quired. supervisory experience in one or more of the areas of responsibility is highly desirable. we encourage applications from candidates who can serve as role models for women and minority students. minimum salary: $30,000, twelve-month ap pointment with faculty rank, excellent fringe benefit package. applications received by march 15, 1989, will receive first consideration. send letter of application, current resume and three current letters of reference to: chair, search committee office of personnel/affirmative action suny plattsburgh box 1583-100 plattsburgh, ny 12901 suny is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. a s ­ a ­ ­ ­ ­ bgsu librarians enjoy full faculty status and privileges, which in­ clude an expectation of research and publication, as well as the op­ portunity to participate in library and university governance. review of applications will begin on april 1,1989, and will continue until the position is filled. position available june 1,1989. send letter of appli­ cation, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: kathryn thiede, personnel officer, dean’s of­ fice, jerome library, bowling green state university, bowling green, oh 43403. bgsu is an aa/eoc employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply and to identify themselves for af­ firmative action purposes. cataloger for serials. the university of arizona library is seeking a librarian to perform original subject and descriptive cata­ loging for serials, including arizona state documents, in a number of language and subject areas using aacr2, library of congress sub­ ject headings, and lc classification as well as some local classifica­ tion schemes. additional duties include problem resolution, re­ cataloging and reclassification as necessary, and may include the supervision of support staff in copy cataloging. the position reports to the senior serials catalog librarian. requirements include an ala accredited mls, good communication and interpersonal skills. pre­ ferred qualifications include a working knowledge of a foreign lan­ guage, experience with serials cataloging, aacr2, the marc serials format, oclc or a similar utility, and some supervisory experi­ ence. the beginning professional salary is $20,000; a higher salary can be negotiated depending upon qualifications and experience. librarians at the university of arizona have academic professional status, are eligible for continuing status, are voting members of the faculty, and may take up to 24 days professional leave per year. they have 22 days paid vacation, 12 days sick leave, and 10 holi­ days. a standard package of fringe benefits is available. a letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references should be sent to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, p.o. boxc, tucson, az 85721. applications must be postmarked by march 17,1989. the university of arizona is an equal opportunity employer with an affirmative action plan. women and minorities are urged to apply. in compliance with the immigration reform and con­ trol act of 1986, all persons hired after november 6, 1986, will be required to show proof of their identity and right to work in the united states. cataloger, original, s.e. asian materials, cornell university li­ brary. immediate opening in the cataloging department of central tech services. duties include original cataloging of monographic materials (including authority work) on s.e. asia and on east asia in english and other appropriate languages (e.g., indonesian, dutch, german, or french); serving as expert in designated languages and areas of subject expertise; and assisting in the training of colleagues, quality control procedures, and formulation of cataloging policy. re­ quirements: mls or equivalent; good reading knowledge of appro­ priate languages; demonstrated ability to deal with complex prob­ lems; good interpersonal skills and professional commitment. desirable: cataloging experience and knowledge of additional lan­ guages. minimum salary, $20,000. applications due march 1,1989 but accepted until position filled. send cover letter, resume, and 3 letters of reference to: ann dyckman, director of personnel, cornell university library, 201 olin library, ithaca, n.y. 14853-5301. cor­ nell university is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. cataloger, with faculty rank and tenure track. responsible for original and complex copy cataloging on oclc according to aacr2; descriptive and subject cataloging using lc classification and subject headings; and appropriate authority work. will aiso be involved in implementing the installation of an online integrated li­ brary system. ala-accredited mls for appointment in the rank of as­ sistant professor. one-two years recent cataloging experience in an academic library required. salary $19,500-$22,500 plus benefits. the university of mississippi is a comprehensive state supported university with an enrollment of 9,000 students. ole miss is located in oxford, a pleasant community in north mississippi. the cataloging department is located in the john davis williams library. deadline: march 15,1989. contact: barbara adams, chair, catalog librarian search committee, j. d. williams library, university of missis­ sippi, university, ms 38677. aa/eeo employer. director of collection management, bowling green state university. the university libraries of bowling green state uni­ versity seeks an experienced, energetic collection development li­ february 1989 / 177 brarian to serve in a newly created administrative position reporting directly to the dean of libraries and learning resources. this is a twelve-month, tenure-track appointment. responsibilities: the per­ son in this position directs the work of acquisitions, serials, govern­ ment documents processing, two bibliographers, nine support staff, and approximately 20 subject librarians, whose selection responsi­ bilities average 10°/o-30°/o of their time: is responsible for defining, building, and maintaining an effective collection development pro­ gram in support of the university’s research and instructional activi­ ties; responsibilities include approval plans, gift program, and liaison program with university faculty/academic departments regarding collection development; responsible for determining the placement of material within the various collections; recommends allocations and monitors the materials budget. the person also serves as a sen­ ior member of the libraries and learning resources management team, serves on library faculty committees, and participates in fac­ ulty governance. qualifications: ala-accredited mls required, ph.d. desirable; plus at least five years of successful collection devel­ opment experience in a research library. evidence of previous rec­ ord of experience in management, interaction with donors, and pro­ motion of the collection. evidence of ability to lead, direct, coordinate, and motivate professional associates within a collegial framework. excellent writing, speaking, and interpersonal skills re­ quired. reading knowledge of at least one foreign language. a rec­ ord of research, publication, and professional activities sufficient for appointment at the assistant or associate professor level is required. salary: negotiable with $40,000 minimum, dependent upon qualifi­ cations and experience. excellent fringe benefits. applications: the search committee will begin reviewing applications on april 1,1989, and will continue to do so until the position is filled. send letter of ap­ plication, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone num­ bers of three references (including current supervisor) to: kathryn thiede, personnel officer, libraries and learning resources, jerome library, bowling green state university, bowling green, oh 43403. bgsu is an aa/eoc employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply and to identify themselves for affirmative action purposes. director of library services. responsible for the supervi­ sion of professional and support staff of the university library in pro­ viding services to students, faculty and public. reports to the vice president for academic affairs and serves as a member of the coun­ cil of deans. ala-accredited master’s degree in library science, six years of high level administrative experience in academic libraries and experience in implementing automated programs required. doctorate and evidence of scholarly achievement and/or profes­ sional leadership preferred. salary in low $60s. position available july 1,1989. send letter of application and resume with names, ad­ dresses and telephone numbers of three references to: stan ble jwas, chair, search committee, c/o office of the vice president for academic affairs, central connecticut state university, new britain, ct 06050-4010 by march 1, 1989. ccsu is an aa/eo em­ ployer. women, minorities, handicapped, and veterans are encour­ aged to apply. government publications librarian: permanent full time tenure-track position. duties: reference, online searching, bib­ liographic instruction. oversees automated systems within the de­ partment, including carlyle online catalog records for government publications and conversion of government publication serials records from a manual check-in system to the innovacq system. may have responsibility for one of the non-federal categories of government publications, such as international or local. shares evening and/or weekend schedule. required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited program; reference experience in an academic or research library; familiarity with government publications; strong commitment to public service. desirable: familiarity with current li­ brary computer applications, including those relevant to govern­ ment publications; experience with aacr2 and marc tagging; su­ pervisory and training experience; second master’s degree; spanish language. incumbent must comply with the policies of the faculty handbook including research, publication, and service to the profession and community. salary dependent upon qualifica­ tions, $20,000 minimum. submit resume (including names and ad­ dresses of three references) by march 15,1989, to: rita critchfield, librarian applications and nominations are invited for the position of college librarian with a preferred starting date of september 1, 1989. the college librarian reports to the provost and dean of the college. marietta college is a liberal arts institution located in southeastern ohio. the dawes memorial library maintains a vital collection of approximately 287,ocx) volumes includ­ ing rare books, periodicals, manuscripts, and nonbook library materials. the college librarian is responsible for all long-range library planning including building renova­ tions, the implementation of an integrated library automation system and the overall management of a library. the college librarian provides strong leadership in estab­ lishing priorities and goalsfor the library and in developing grant requests and fund rais­ ing strategies. candidates must have an mlsfrom an ala-accredited institution and an additional sub­ ject master’s or ph.d. this position carries faculty status and rank. knowledge and ex­ perience in the implementation of new information technologies and at least 5 years’ ad­ ministrative experience in a liberal arts college or university library are essential. salary range of $35,000to $43,000, depending upon qualifications. to receive full consideration, applications with resume and the names of 3 references should be sentto: professor laura e. kinner chair, search committee for college librarian chartered in 1835 marietta, oh 45750 review of applications will begin march 1, 1989. marietta col lege is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. i t 178 / c <brl news general library personnel office, university of new mexico, albu­ querque, nm 87131. recruitment will continue until the position is filled. aa/eoe. head, acquisitions department, university of northern iowa. the university of northern iowa seeks a knowledgeable, ener­ getic, and creative individual to provide leadership to the library’s acquisitions department. the department head is responsible for the management of all monographic and serial ordering, receiving, and binding processes and works closely with other department heads in coordinating activities. the department includes two other librarians and nine support staff. the materials budget for 1988/89 is approximately $790,000. the library is in the process of installing the innovative interfaces integrated system. qualifications: ala accredited mls required; second master’s degree or equivalent preferred and required for tenure. a minimum of four years’ post mls experience in an academic or research library with a minimum of three years in an acquisitions department required. this experi­ ence should include supervision of staff and project management. thorough knowledge of acquisitions practices and procedures, the book trade, and current developments in the field required. experi­ ence with an automated acquisitions system preferred. well developed organizational, analytical, supervisory, leadership, and communication skills preferred. the university of northern iowa is one of three state-supported universities governed by the board of regents. uni is a comprehensive university composed of six col­ leges enrolling over 11,500 students in broad curriculums at under­ graduate and graduate levels. the university is located in cedar falls/waterloo, a metropolitan area of approximately 150,000 popu­ lation. rank and salary are dependent upon qualifications and expe­ rience, with $32,000 minimum. the university provides an excellent fringe benefits package, including tiaa-cref and blue cross-blue shield. interested candidates should send a letter of application, re­ sume and list of three references (including addresses and tele­ phone numbers) to: joan loslo, chair of the acquisitions depart­ ment head search committee, donald 0. rod library, university of northern iowa, cedar falls, ia 50613. applications must be re­ ceived by march 1,1989. un i is an affirmative action/equal opportu­ nity educator and employer. head of public services. the university of nevada, las ve­ gas invites applications an nominations for the position of head of public services. the successful applicant will coordinate the follow­ ing public service units: reference, including database search ser­ vices; nonbook, including audio/visual materials, microforms and photocopy services; documents; library instruction; and circula­ tion/interlibrary loan. responsibilities include providing dynamic leadership for 10 professionals and 21 support staff; formulating and implementing public services goals, policies and projects; advocat­ ing the needs of public services to the library director and university administration; working cooperatively with members of the library administrative council and other library staff to strengthen library director j. robert van pelt library michigan technological university invites applications and nominations for the position of library direc­ tor. the director reports to the provost and vice president for academic affairs and, with academic deans, is a member of his academic council. the library has a staff of 11 librarians, 23 support staff, plus student assistants. its 715,000 volumes (major emphasis in science and engineering) and $1.9 million budget support 360 faculty, 6,500 students, programs through the doctorate, and curricula in the sciences, engineering, business administration, for­ estry and technology. automated systems include notis and oclc, as well as online and cd-rom data­ bases. special collections and ongoing services include a u.s. government depository collection, extensive map collection, university archives and local history collections, and the campus cultural affairs office. minimum qualifications for applicants include: an mls from an ala-accredited school; evidence of dy­ namic managerial skills including at least 10 years of successful professional experience, primarily in aca­ demic libraries; ability to attract campus support for the library and to help attract outside funding; under­ standing of current library technology and commitment to integrating new technologies into library operations. the director must be a person who is committed to working in a collegial style and to encouraging staff development. demonstrated interpersonal and communications skills are essential. a second masters or a doctorate is preferred. salary is competitive and expected to be in the $45,000 to $73,000 range. review of applications will begin early in march 1989, and continue until the position is filled. applicants should send a resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three professional references. a brief statement of profes­ sional objectives and philosophy of academic library service and management would be welcome. appli­ cations and nominations should be sent to: david h. thomas chair, library director search committee office of the provost and vice president for academic affairs michigan technological university houghton, ml 49931 michigan technological university is an equal opportunity educational institution, equal opportunity employer. february 1989 / 179 services and collections; and promoting new and expanded ser­ vices to the university community. reporting to the director of li­ braries, this individual will participate as a team member with the di­ rector, head of technical services, head of collection development and management, and the systems and budget librarian in provid­ ing overall direction for the library system including long-range plan­ ning, allocation of resources, budget preparation, and expansion and enhancement of collections and services. qualifications include a graduate degree from an ala-accredited program; five years of progressively responsible academic library experience in public ser­ vices; evidence of excellent communication, effective leadership, and strong analytic and planning skills; experience with personnel (both professional and support staff) and fiscal management; and evidence of participation in university and library organizations. in addition we seek an individual who has served as a strong advocate for public services, who has a record of innovative accomplish­ ments, who has demonstrated ability to work cooperatively with col­ leagues and clients, and who has an established commitment to the effective use of technology to enhance library services. the position is available june 1, 1989, with an annual salary range of $39,000-$43,000 depending on qualifications. benefits include tiaa/cref, medical protection, tenure-track 12-month appoint­ ment, 24 days of vacation and no state income tax. send application letter; resume; names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references by march 15,1989, to; mary dale deacon, director of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, las vegas, nv 89154. unlv is an aa/eeo institution. head, non-print services and periodicals room re­ sponsibilities: supervises non-print services, microforms, film ser­ vice and periodicals room. selects, trains and evaluates staff of 6 fte and 6 fte in student assistance. serves as libraries’ resource person on non-print and microform equipment and emerging tech­ nologies. develops policies and procedures for collections and ser­ vices under this position. works with key staff in access services and other divisions on periodicals access issues. coordinates library ser­ vices to the visually and physically disabled. may be assigned other duties. library faculty at sunya are expected to fulfill faculty obliga­ tions in areas of contributions to the advancement of the profession and university service in addition to specific library assignments. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library school and appro­ priate supervisory experience required. demonstrated experience with management of microform collections and equipment highly desirable. experience in serials/periodicals management desirable. candidates with academic library experience may be given prefer­ ence. salary: commensurate with education and experience. mini­ mum $22,000. apply to: christine m. travis, library personnel offi­ cer, university libraries-ul 139, state university of new york at albany, 1400 washington avenue, albany, ny 12222. deadline: letter of application, current resume, names and addresses of three references should be received no later than march 1,1989. the uni­ versity at albany, state university of new york is an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. applications from women, minority persons, handicapped persons, special disabled and vietnam-era veterans are especially welcome. librarian: science reference. eastern new mexico uni versity in sunny, friendly, affordable portales, nm, seeks academic librarian for tenure track position (assistant professor). mls re­ quired. second master’s required and some competence in the nat­ ural sciences preferred. duties include but not limited to: general ref­ erence, online searching and some cataloging. salary $22,000 for 12 month contract; generous benefits. apply by march 15, 1989. send resume, transcripts and three letters of reference to: library search committee, eastern new mexico university #32, portales, nm 88130. enmu hires only u.s. citizens and aliens lawfully autho­ rized to work in the u.s. and is an aa/eoe. librarian, shepherd college. library: applications are invited for the position of librarian. shepherd college is a state-supported college in the shenandoah valley, 65 miles from washington, dc, with an enrollment of 4,000 in liberal arts, business administration and teacher education. the librarian is responsible for the general administration ..id supervision of the ruth scarborough library and for the delivery of library and audio-visual services to students and faculty. the library has a staff of 14, including 5 professionals. its holdings are comprised of 290,417 pieces, including 156,509 books and bound periodicals; 900 subscriptions; 38,091 microforms; 33,978 audio-visual resources; and 61,839 federal documents. qualifications: progressively responsible and successful profes­ sional experience in college or university libraries and an ala accredited master’s degree. a second master’s degree in a subject field or phd is desirable. the successful candidate will have a strong commitment to the traditional scholarly purposes of libraries and to the continued building of a balanced collection of print and non-print materials. skills in management, a service orientation, and knowl­ edge of current trends in automation will be important consider­ ations. salary is in middle $30’s with excellent benefits. by february 24 send letter of application, vita, placement file (if available), and three references letters to: john e. stealey iii, chairman, library search committee, shepherd college, shepherdstown, wv 25443. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience. appointment to be effective july 1,1989. aa/eoe. library instruction coordinator loyola university of chicago, cudahy and lewis towers library. loyola university of chicago is seeking an energetic, enthusiastic individual to coordi­ nate library orientation and instruction programs on two campuses of the library system. the coordinator is responsible for developing, im­ plementing, evaluating, and marketing instructional programs for all user groups. while current emphasis is on general tours and the freshman english library component, the libraries would like to ex­ pand instructional services to upper division and graduate students. the coordinator trains, facilitates, and evaluates the 15-20 librarians and support staff who conduct instruction sessions, and maintains and enhances the instruction facilities, equipment, and supplies. i lll lll lll lll lll ll lll llllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll systems/planning analyst brown university library responsible for assisting with the maintenance and development of the brown university online catalog system (an ibm mainframe system using software from wln), and for user and staff training, system evaluation and documentation, trouble­ shooting and problem resolution. requirements: 2 years working experience with an integrated online system in a research library; excellent oral, written and interpersonal communi­ cations skills; experience with a large bibliographic utility such as run, oclc or wln; demonstrated understanding of current and developing technolo­ gies which will affect the delivery of information ser­ vices; demonstrated training skills; knowledge of computer programming. desired qualifications: an mls or computer science degree; familiarity with the wln bibliographic utility; knowledge or experi­ ence with ibm mainframe system operating cms or mvs. appointment range: $29,900-337,400 based upon experience. to be assured of consideration, please send let­ ter of application, resume and names of three refer­ ences by february 28,1989, to: geneva ferrell personnel office box 1879/mg828 brown university providence, rl 02912 brown university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i 180 / cirrl news joint responsibility is held with the department head for reference handouts and with the computer search coordinator for end-user services. as a general member of the reference department, this individual also serves on the reference desk at the cudahy library, participates in library instruction and database searching, contrib­ utes to department policy and procedure formulation, and serves on library committees and task forces. reports to head of the refer­ ence department at cudahy library. qualifications include: ala accredited mls degree; minimum of two years of reference experi­ ence, preferably in an academic library; demonstrated one-on-one and classroom teaching skills; ability to work with faculty and librari­ ans to plan instruction; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; knowledge of and interest in the creative use of technology in the delivery of reference services. preferred qualifications include: knowledge of oialog/brs/wilsonline searching; experience with teaching notis or another online catalog system; familiarity with computerized or audiovisual instructional packages; participation in graduate level instruction; experience with staff training. salary $21,000 + based upon qualifications. librarians have limited faculty status, are eligible for librarian sabbatical leaves after three years, earn 20 days of vacation, and have a standard package of fringe benefits, including university contributions to tiaa/cref. thelibrary also supports professional continuing education, research, and ser­ vice. applications received by february 28, 1989 will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. qualified applicants should send letter of applica­ tion, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 references, to: ellen j. waite, university librarian, cudahy library, loyola university of chicago, 6525 n. sheridan road, chicago, il 60626. loyola university is an affirmative action educator and em­ ployer. periodicals/documents librarian, instructor or assistant professor. tenure-track position available august 21,1989. kent li­ brary currently subscribes to 2500 periodicals and has been a selec­ tive depository since 1916 (currently selecting 54% of federal docu­ ments available). responsibilities: acquisition, bibliographic control, processing, and binding of periodicals; development of the periodi­ cals collection; maintenance of periodicals holdings in notis online catalog and implementation of online check-in and acquisitions; technical services aspects of federal and state government docu­ ments including bibliographic control, collection development, and processing; monitoring periodicals budget and making budget rec­ ommendations to the library director; organization, analysis and evaluation of periodicals and documents activities; coordinating in­ house missouri union list of serial publications activities. some eve­ ning and weekend reference duties. reports to the coordinator of technical services. qualifications: instructor: master’s degree in li­ brary science from an ala-accredited program required, experi­ ence with bibliographic control of periodicals and documents desir­ able. assistant professor: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited program, second master's degree in a subject area, and 4 years relevant experience required. salary: {minimum for nine months) $19,000 for instructor; $22,000 for assistant professor. summer appointment conditional upon library needs. application deadline: march 10,1989. send letter of application, resume, tran­ scripts, and 3 current letters of reference to: james zink, director, kent library, southeast missouri state university, cape girar deau, mo 63701. an equal opportunity, m/f, affirmative action em­ ployer. public services librarian. le moyne college seeks a librar­ ian to share, with four other professionals, the operations of public and technical services. responsibilities: as head of reference, co­ ordinates work of reference staff; oversees operations of circulation and media services departments; oversees development of specifi­ cations and user orientation program for opac; provides special­ ized reference services for faculty and students in english, fine arts, philosophy, and religious studies departments; oversees collection development in assigned subject areas. requirements: ala/mls and an undergraduate degree in english, philosophy, or religion; 4 years experience in a relevant public services position, preferably academic; experience in database searching, bibliographic instruc­ tion, and collection development. preferred, additional graduate work in assigned subject areas or in library or information science; knowledge of library automation. le moyne college, enrollment fdu assistant director u n i v e r s i t y public services fairleigh dickinson university seeks an assistant director of public services for its florham-madison campus library. the assistant director serves as head of reference and supervises the public service departments of the library, including circulation and periodicals, and assumes supervision of the library in the absence of the director. requirements: mls from an ala accredited school plus additional master’s degree in aca­ demic discipline; four years’ experience performing professional reference work including on­ line searching and bibliographic instruction; experience managing a library department or functional area, including supervision of staff, good communication skills. knowledge of one or more foreign languages is desirable. salary: $27,000 to $33,000. send resume and letter of application by april 15, 1989 to: employment office, fairleigh dickinson university, 285 madison ave., madison, n.j. 07940. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. tri-campus fdu, new jersey’s largest private university, is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer m/f february 1989 / 181 2,000, is a comprehensive, educational, independent institution in the jesuit tradition. a strong core curriculum, a 14:1 student-faculty ratio, and a firm commitment to a personalized academic climate are important factors in le moyne's life. the public services librarian will lead the library in the development and provision of public services to support these traditions. 12-month contract. expect to appoint as librarian ii, salary range: $21,900-$32,410. appointment at higher rank possible, submit letter of application, resume, and names, ad­ dresses, and phone numbers of 3 references, to: james j. simonis, director of the library, le moyne college, syracuse, ny 13214. committee will start reviewing applications march 6,1989, and will continue to accept applications until a selection is made. interviews possible at april acrl conference. starting date: july 1,1989. an aa, eoe employer. reference librarian/engineering bibliographer, michel orradrejlibrary, santa clara university. serves as primary li­ brary liaison to school of engineering and department of mathemat­ ics. develops and manages library collections. coordinates online searching. provides reference assistance and bibliographic instruc­ tion. required: mls or equivalent degree from ala-accredited pro­ gram and 3 -5 years relevant professional ((experience; academic background or library experience in scientific or technical collection development and/or reference; prior experience with bibliographic instruction and database searching; strong interpersonal and com­ munication skills. desirable: second master’s in computer science, engineering, or mathematics; knowledge of modern foreign lan­ guage, german preferred. santa clara is a jesuit university located 46 miles south of san francisco in the heart of california’s santa clarajvalley. initial appointment at either senior assistant or associ­ ate librarian rank, depending upon qualifications. 1988/89 salary range: $26,286-$41,633. apply by march 31,1989 to: elizabeth m. salzer, university librarian, michel orradre library, santa clara university, santa clara, ca 95053.jsanta clara is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. serials cataloger. under the direction of the head of catalog­ ing, catalogs periodicals, continuations, newspapers, and serial mi­ croforms (both new and changed titles); coordinates the retrospec­ tive bar coding of the serials project; supervises three librarian technical assistants (for serials cataloging, physical processing of all library materials, and adds processing). ala-accredited mls re­ quired, one year of experience in cataloging, project management, supervision, aacr2/lc interpretations, lc classification, lcsh, oclc, or other bibliographic utility, and an online integrated system preferred. salary; $22,000 minimum. south carolina retirement, tiaa/cref; blue cross/blue shield; dental insurance; liberal leave. send letter of application with the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references to: lawrence wood, chair, serials cata ioger search committee, r.m. cooper library, clemson univer­ sity, clemson, sc 29634-3001. applications received by march 20, 1989, will be given first consideration. equal employment opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. serials cataloging coordinator, temple university li­ braries. responsibilities; reporting to the head of bibliographic ser­ vices, incumbent coordinates all serials cataloging activities. re­ sponsibilities include provision of original and adaptive bibliographic records for periodicals, continuations, and analytics in a wide range of subjects, languages, and formats; training and supervision of sup­ port staff involved in serials pre-cataloging searching, copy catalog­ ing, catalog maintenance, and updating of serials holdings informa­ tion in the library’s manual and automated bibliographic files; coordination of serials retrospective conversion projects; participa­ tion in the formulation and documentation of serials cataloging/series authorities policies and procedures, and assistance in planning of library-wide services via participation in committees and task forces. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited program; three-five years professional serials cataloging experience, preferably in a targe aca­ demic or research library; knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classifi­ cation, usmarc formats, and rlin or equivalent national biblio­ graphic system. familiarity with online integrated systems highly desirable (temple university libraries utilize geac and have imple­ mented an online catalog, circulation, acquisitions, and is currently implementing serials control). knowledge of two foreign languages (german and french preferred). effective communication, interper­ sonal, and problem solving skills. salary: $23,000-$27,000 (for 10 month contract), depending on qualifications and experience. lib­ eral fringe benefits include health, dental, and life insurance; tuition remission; tiaa-cref. send letter addressing all qualifications stated above, resume, and names of 3 references to: sandra thompson, chair, search committee, d o administrative services department, paley library 017-00, temple university, philadel­ phia, pa 19122. review of applications to begin on march 1,1989, and will continue until position is filled. an aa/eo employer. serials librarian, illinois state university. duties: works within the cataloging and records maintenance division of technical ser­ vices as coordinator of serials operations including supervision of support staff, cataloging, and records maintenance of serials publi­ cations. also participates in activities developed to carry out respon­ sibilities of the division. reports to the head, cataloging and rec­ ords maintenance division. attends library faculty and division meetings and participates in divisional, library, and university af­ fairs. acts as a serials resource person within the division. university and library: illinois state university is a multi-purpose university with more than 21,000 students, located in the medium-sized urban area of normal/bfoomington. academic programs and courses are of­ fered in thirty-three academic departments organized into five col­ leges with master’s degree programs in most fields and doctoral de­ gree programs in art, biological sciences, curriculum and instruction, economics, education, english, history and mathemat­ ics, milner library is the central library facility for the university com­ munity with a staff of 110 including 34 professionals, over 1 million volumes and a materials budget of $1.4 million. the library is a member of the crl and the library computer system (lcs), a resource-sharing network of twenty-nine academic institutions in the state of illinois. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree, second advanced degree or certificate of advanced study in library science or another subject discipline required for tenure and appointment or promotion beyond instructor rank. required: minimum of two years of professional experience in technical services; technical knowl­ edge of and experience with computer systems/databases such as oclc, wln, rlin, and/or other specialized automated systems. experience with serials cataloging and control preferred. supervi­ sory experience highly desirable. salary and rank; $25,000 mini­ m um, faculty rank (instructor or assistant professor) and eligibility for tenure. benefits include state retirement program, health and den­ tal insurance, and other fringe benefits. position available: may 1, 1989. applications: to assure consideration, send application, re­ sume, and the names of three references before march 31, 1989, (applications will be accepted, however, until the position is filled) to: fred m. peterson, university librarian, milner library, room 311b, illinois state university, normal, il 61761. deadline: march 31, 1989, or until position is filled. illinois state university is an equal op­ portunity, affirmative action employer. serials librarian (12-month, tenure-track). holds administra­ tive responsibility for a serials department with 3,200 current sub­ scriptions and three support staff plus students. trains and super­ vises staff in serials, maintains serials records and automated serials holding list, supervises bindery preparation. will implement serials subsystem of south dakota pals (a statewide integrated library sys­ tem). duties may also include serials cataloging and some reference responsibilities (depending upon qualifications). requirements in­ clude: ala-accredited mls, two years academic or research library experience involved with technical services, preferably emphasizing serials, supervisory experience, and demonstrated communication skills. desirable qualifications include: second master’s, experience with online cataloging systems and with cataloging serials and refer­ ence service. minimum salary: $22,000 with standard benefits. ap­ plication deadline: march 15,1989, or until filled. send resume and have academic credentials and three recent letters of recommenda­ tion sent directly to: susan l. richards, chair, search committee, south dakota state university library, box 2115, brookings, sd 57707. an aa/eeo employer. immigration reform & control act, 1986, eligibility required. undergraduate librarian. requirements: mls (ala accredited) plus a minimum of 5 years professional experience in an academic setting; background and experience which includes su­ pervision, bibliographic instruction, and collection development. de­ sired qualifications: creative and energetic commitment to public services and bibliographic instruction. ability to work effectively with faculty, students, and staff. oral and written communications skills. experience with automated library systems. experience with non­ 182 / cirrl news print collections. ability to develop a program of service consistent with the mission of a library serving a population of lower division un­ dergraduates. ability to provide leadership and effect consensus and change. responsibilities: reports to associate director for pub­ lic services and collection development. responsible for the admin­ istration and operation of the undergraduate library including an in­ dependent study center, film library, and reserve book service. coordinates collection development activities. maintains effective working relationships with faculty, other campus libraries, and ap­ propriate student services programs. members of library faculty must meet university requirements (excellence in librarianship; re­ search and publishing; and service) for promotion and tenure. status & benefits: faculty status and responsibilities. rank commensurate with education and experience. 12-month appointment with 22 days vacation per year. flexible benefit programs with open enrollments annually. group life, medical and disability programs, tiaa-cref retirement and social security coverage. salary: $30,000 and up de­ pending on qualifications. send resume and list of references to: thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue university, west lafayette, in 47907. deadline: april 1, 1989, or until position is filled. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. urban planning bibliographer/reference librar­ ian, avery architectural and fine arts library (search reopened). reporting directly to the avery librarian, primary responsibilities in­ volve the continued development of a research collection in urban planning, housing and real estate development. duties include over­ seeing all library activities in the above subject fields, such as acquisi­ tions, in-depth reference, bibliographic instruction and preservation; coordination of these activities with related units in the columbia uni­ versity libraries (business/economics, social science/international affairs and social work libraries); and liaison with the faculty and stu­ dents of the division of urban planning. the incumbent also pro­ vides general reference service in the avery architectural and fine arts library and selects and indexes articles in urban planning and real estate journals for the avery index to architectural periodicals. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: one to three years of relevant professional experience; a strong background in the so­ cial sciences with preferential consideration to applicants with an ad­ vanced degree; evidence of professional activity and initiative; ability to speak and write effectively; and working knowledge of at least one foreign language. salary ranges are: librarian i: $25,000-$32,500: librarian ii: $27,000-$36,450. excellent benefits include tuition ex­ emption for self and family and assistance with university housing. send resume, listing names, addresses and phone numbers of three references, to: kathleen wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 but­ ler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny, 10027. deadline for applications is march 1,1989. an affirma­ tive action, equal opportunity employer. late job listings assistant reference librarians, (2) positions beginning 1 july 1989, pending administrative approval. we seek individuals comfortable in a public service role and sufficiently adaptable and mature to fit easily into a strong and congenial organization. ala-accredited mls required; subject masters desirable. familiarity with the oclc system and online searching preferred. working schedules include some evening and weekend duty. in ad­ dition to providing the entire range of reference service to the faculty and stu­ dents of a respected undergraduate college, the positions have collateral responsibilities as follows: 1) entry-level: conduct interlibrary loan operations (oclc subsystem); pamphlet file maintenance. 2) advanced (minimum 3 years applicable experience): administration of circulation activities including coor­ dination of circulation with other public service functions. minimum of salaries: entry-level $21,000; advanced $26,000. competitive benefit package. tiaa/cref and other retirement options. 22 days vacation, usual holidays. denison university is a liberal arts college in central ohio, 25 miles east of columbus. send letters of application with resumes and names of 3 references to: charles b. maurer, director, denison university libraries, granville, oh 43023, by 1 april. aa/eoe. audiovisual librarian. duties: manage the resources and services of the media center in the university library; assist faculty and students in the selection and use of audiovisual materials; select software and hardware in the context of the academic program; administer departmental budget; supervise media center staff; participate in general reference and collection development assignments as appropriate. required qualifications are: ala-accredited mls degree; knowledge of and experience with audiovisual hardware and services; experience or coursework in media production; good communication skills. desirable qualifications are: second master’s degree in relevant field; proficiency in modern foreign language; library public service experience. twelve-month faculty appointment, tenure-track, with rank of assistant profes­ sor, salary competitive. position open as of july 1,1989. send letter of applica­ tion, resume, and names of three references with phone numbers to: barbara j. brown, university librarian, washington & lee university, lexington, va 24450. equal opportunity employer. applications received by february 28, 1989 will receive first consideration. february 1989 / 183 clinical nursing/reference librarian. dana biomedical li­ brary at dartmouth college/dartmouth-hitchcock medical center is seeking a librarian primarily to provide information and current awareness services to the nurses at the dartmouth-hitchcock medical center and to the faculty and students in mary hitchcock memorial hospital’s affiliated baccalaureate, master’s, and ph.d. nursing programs. other responsibilities include: working closely with the nursing department and the office of continuing education in the health sciences; selecting books, journals, audiovisual and computer pro­ grams in nursing for acquisition; general reference work and online searching; participating in dana’s end user education and training programs; writing arti­ cles and serving as editor of the dana nurse interface (a monthly newsletter); assisting with budget preparation for nursing services; chairing the nursing li­ brary committee; and serving on other campus-wide committees, including the nursing research committee. librarian will also have opportunity to assist in developing an electronic work station for nurses. qualifications: master’s de­ gree from an accredited library school, an undergraduate degree in the life sciences or nursing, and some experience in an academic health sciences library preferred. position, however, would suit a recently-qualified librarian or a more experienced reference librarian who would like to gain administrative and su­ pervisory experience. rank and salary based upon experience and qualifica­ tions, with a minimum salary of $22,700. liberal fringe benefits, dental and health plan options, and tiaa/cref. resume review will begin march 31, 1989. send letter of application, curriculum vitae, and names of three references to: phyllis e. jaynes, clinical nursing/reference librarian search committee, dartmouth college library, hanover, nh 03755. dartmouth college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. collection development librarian. dana biomedical library (dbl), dartmouth college/dartmouth-hitchcock medical center (dhmc), the largest medical library in northern new england, seeks qualified candidates for the position of collection development librarian. under the direction of the director, is responsible for collection management in the medical and life sciences (176,000+ volumes; 3,000+ active serial titles) and a resource budget of more than $500,000; coordinating selection of print resources; supervising serials processing, stacks maintenance, and preservation activities in special collections; and serving as a liaison between the biomedical library and the technical processing units on campus. the collection development librarian may also participate in reference and online searching (medlars, brs, dialog, rlin, and various cd-rom databases). the library has an online catalog; dartmouth medline; and automated serials, acquisitions, and cir­ culation systems. all dbl staff have their own macintosh microcomputers and access to the dartmouth lan. the medical center has been awarded an nlm iaims planning grant, and the library is a key component in center-wide planning for its information networks. qualifications: master’s degree from an accredited library school, undergraduate degree in the life sciences, and a mini­ mum of three years experience in an academic health sciences library. strong demonstrated administrative and supervisory ability, mature judgment, and in­ terpersonal and communication skills. rank and salary based upon qualifica­ tions and experience, with a minimum salary of $25,000. liberal fringe bene­ fits, dental and health plan options, and tiaa/cref. resume review will begin march 31, 1989. send letter of application, curriculum vitae, and names of three references to: phyllis e. jaynes, collection development librarian search committee, dartmouth college library, hanover, nh 03755. dart­ mouth college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, acquisitions department, northeastern university, boston. plan, administer, and evaluate policies and procedures for: the acquisition of all non-serial librarv materials: materials invoice navment and the monitorinsr 184 / cirrl news and control of materials funds expenditures; and the operation of the libraries’ preservation and repair facilities. hire, train, supervise, and evaluate six fte staff plus student assistants. serve as liaison with publishers and vendors. work with collection development officer and selectors in the analysis, devel­ opment and implementation of collection policies. participate in technical ser­ vices and library-wide planning processes and activities including the planning and implementation of an automated library system. salary: $30,000 mini­ mum, depending on qualifications and experience. mls from an ala accredited program. at least five years of increasingly responsible experience in acquisitions and related areas in an academic library. knowledgeable of pro­ cesses and trends in print and electronic publishing, in the book trade, and in preservation. experience with library automation and its application to ac­ quisitions processes. evidence of strong supervisory skills. strong commitment to staff development. excellent oral, written, interpersonal, organizational, planning and analytical skills. experience with preservation, and working knowledge of one or more foreign languages is desirable. please send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: gene damon, associ­ ate dean, northeastern university libraries, 211 dodge, 360 huntington avenue, boston, ma 02115. applications received by february 28, 1989, will receive first consideration. northeastern university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, documents library, michigan state university libraries (search extended). reporting to head of social sciences and humanities li­ brary, selects and processes collections; develops reference, bibliographic in­ struction and database services for federal, international, canadian and michigan documents; and supervises documents staff. works with library staff to enhance accessibility of documents, and with university community to pro­ mote use. participates in full range of activities in documents library and coor­ dinates activities and programs with social sciences and humanities reference and other library units. required qualifications include a master’s degree from an accredited program in library science and at least three years successful professional experience in an academic or research library, including documents and supervisory experience. demonstrated ability to communicate and work ef­ fectively with students, faculty, staff and the public are required. appointment will be made at librarian ii or librarian iii level, depending upon qualifica­ tions; appointment as librarian iii requires a minimum of five years profes­ sional experience. other desirable qualifications include an additional ad­ vanced degree, knowledge of one or more major european languages, database experience, teaching experience or other administrative experience. minimum salary of $25,000, depending on qualifications. documents library is a selective federal depository library, a depository for united nations, european com­ munity, oecd, canadian, and michigan documents, and includes collections from dozens of international agencies. documents holds over 600,000 print volumes, 800,000 microform pieces and 10,000 current serials, with a staff of 2.5 fte librarians, 3.5 fte support staff and 5 fte student workers. documents library shares common service point with social sciences and humanities reference. submit a letter of application, a resume, and the names and ad­ dresses of three current references to: eugene wiemers, jr., head, social sciences and humanities library, main library, michigan state university libraries, east lansing, mi 48824-1048. applications received by february 28, 1989, will receive priority consideration. position will remain open until filled. msu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. music librarian. supervises and provides readers services in music li­ brary, coordinates selection of music books, scores and recordings. works close­ ly with music department to support course work and research. required: mls from an ala-accredited librarv school, three vears professional experience in a february 1989 / 185 music library, degree in music and bibliographic knowledge of french and ger­ man. supervisory experience, familiarity with oclc and an interest in auto­ mated library procedures highly desirable. appointment date: july 1, 1989. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of recommendation by march 31 to: david l. paulus, head librarian, vassar college, poughkeepsie, ny 12601. aa/eoe. periodical services librarian. the atkins library of the univer­ sity of north carolina at charlotte seeks an individual who, under the direction of the documents unit head, will be responsible for the supervision and opera­ tion of public service activities related to the periodicals collections. ala accredited master’s degree required. some library experience in a public service function and/or knowledge of periodical publications preferred. 12-month ap­ pointment, tenure-track position, rank commensurate with experience. mini­ mum salary: $21,000. state mandated benefits. send resume and the names of 3 references by march 15 to: raymond a. frankie, director, j. murrey at­ kins library, the university o f north carolina at charlotte, charlotte, nc 28223. unc charlotte is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. unc charlotte complies fully with the immigration reform and control act of 1986. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. senior cataloger. appointment date: july 1,1989. responsibility for range of duties normally expected of professional catalogers in an academic li­ brary with major emphasis on serial cataloging and library of congress classifi­ cation. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school, a minimum of three years of professional cataloging experience. experience with oclc cataloging and an interest in automated library procedures highly desirable. send letter of application, resume and three current letters of reference by march 15,1989, to: robert c. smith, head cataloger, vassar college, pough­ keepsie, ny 12601. aa/eoe. technical services librarian. hartwick college has an immediate opening in the technical services department for a cataloger. this is an entry level position. in addition to general cataloging processes the person in this position will work in a respective conversion project which will have responsibil­ ity for name and subject authority work, revision of oclc input, and supervi­ sion of student workers. requirements for the position: ala-accredited mls, knowledge of marc formats, aacr2, lcsh. desired qualifications include fa­ miliarity with automated systems and experience in an academic library set­ ting. this position carries a 12-month contract, excellent benefits, and a salary range of $16,000—$18,000. to apply, send a letter of application and a resume with names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 references to: robert danford, college librarian, hartwick college, oneonta, ny 13820. applications received by march 24 will receive first consideration. an equal opportunity employer. 186 / c&rl news §■€-— g<£-— $ € — 1 € — $ € ~ ~ 1 € — $ € — § € — § € — $ € — 1 € — § € — i^recent clippings§*2 clip notes designed by acrl's college libraries (college library information section to collect data and sample docu packets) ments from academic libraries, clip notes assist academic librarians in establishing or refining services and operations. collection development compiled by theresa taborsky. 1989. policies. clip note #11 0-8389-7295-0. forthcoming; inquire for price. annual reports for college compiled by kenneth oberembt. contains libraries. clip note #10 data-gathering forms, graphics, and se­ lected annual reports. 1988.135p. 0­ 8389-7219-5. $20; acrl member $17. friends of college libraries. compiled by ronelle thompson. “this is clip note #9 a must for two groups of libraries: those who have friends groups and those who do not.” library journal. 1987. 134p. 0-8389-7171-7. $17; acrl member $14. periodicals in college compiled by ja,m ie webster hastreiter, libraries. clip note #8 larry hardesty david henderson. “recommended for all college an d univer­ sity libraries.” library journal. 1987. 116p. 0-8389-7143-1. $17; acrl member $14. managing student workers compiled by michael d. kathman and in college libraries. jane mcgurn kathman. “supervisors clip note #7 looking for help in hiring and managing [student] workers, whether in small or large academic libraries, will find this compilation very useful.” rq. 1986.182p. 0-8389-7097-4. $17; acrl member $14. association of college and research libraries a division of the american library association c/o ala publishing services, order department 50 e. huron street, chicago, il 60611-2795 1-800-545-2433; 1-800-545-2444 (in illinois); 1-800-545-2455 (in canada) — g»c-— | c— g € — ! € — — t ’c— «k— !*£— february 1989 / 187 i 1 i i i it seems like only yesterday that a group of librarians founded the college i library section of the american library association. but that was back i in 1889 and it’s just about time to celebrate the first century of academ ic librarianship. 1 the celebration begins at the acrl fifth national confer­ ence, april 5-8, 1989 in cincinnati, ohio. the program fea­ h i tures major speakers from higher education, technology and i publishing. the best in library research will be presented by over 50 contributed paper authors. panel presentations, small group discussions, poster sessions, exhibits and pre­ conferences round out the conference. there will be plenty of opportunities to meet old friends and new. meet distinguished past acrl presidents and executive directors at a luncheon in their honor. and help blow out the one hundred candles on the cake at the all­ conference reception! the second century of academ ic librarianship begins in cincinnati on april 5, 1989. for conference information contact: fifth national conference association of college and research libraries 50 east huron street chicago, il 60611 (312)944-6780, ext. 291 ^ ^ o m e to salt lake city for the fifth national conference and exhibition of the american association of school librarians october 18-22,1989 join more than 3,500 of your colleagues from across the country at the conference that will offer you intellectual stimulation and professional growth through seminars, workshops and programs. nfaj rqff̂ n_rj"r rftjr featuring noted authors: educators: ★ judith viorst ★ stewart brand ★ michael dorris ★ lynne cheney ★ bruce brooks ★ harry wong ★ elizabeth winthrop ...and more than 300 exhibitors. preliminary programs will be mailed to aasl members after january 1,1989. o o d o o a o o o o d o a o o a o o d d o q d o a o o n o o a o a a o o access to send more information on program______ exhibiting________ n a m e ____________________________________________ a d d re s s __________________________________________ c ity __________________ s ta te ________z ip ___________ send to: american association of school librarians, excellence 50 east huron st., chicago, il 60611, (312) 944-6780. original thinking... risk-taking... innovation... managing for change... these are the qualities needed by academic librarians facing the challenges of the 1990s. the hugh c. atkinson memorial award endow­ ment encourages the development of leaders possessing these important qualities through the annual recognition of a librarian with the vision to carry us into the 21 st century. your contribution will ensure the endowment’s continued ability to give this award. your gift is important. please send in your donation today. y e s ! i w ant to contribute to the developm ent o f leaders for tom orrow ’s libraries by giving to the hugh c. atkinson memorial award endowment. [your contribution is tax deductible to the extent allowed by law.) □ $25 □ $5 0 □ $1 00 □ o t h e r _____ please make ch eck payable to ala--atkinson endowment. name address city state zip hugh c. atkinson memorial award acrl/ala, 50 e. huron street, chicago, illinois 60611 1 -800-545-2433; 1-8 0 0 -5 4 5 -2 4 4 4 in illinois; 1 -8 00-545-2455 in canada. now! leading scholars introduce your patrons to our great authors and their works through the medium o f modern american literature videotapes an exciting project to introduce omnigraphics inc., a new publisher dedicated to serving the library field im a g in e pooling the knowledge literary trends and eras on which and insight o f the top authorities they are acknowledged authorities. on modern american authors and from other, equally impressive their works . . . with the skills o f sources come skilled picture re­ leading archivists, picture research­ searchers, camera people, television ers, biographers, and bibliographers technicians o f every skill— to pro­ — and television producers... to create vide your library patrons who view an all-in-one video collection to an­ these programs with memorable swer important needs o f all public, graphic treats. university, and high school libraries! (programs on individual authors) cherished family photographs, un­ □ j o h n d o s passos from harvard, princeton, the uni­ posed snapshots rarely if even seen □ t h e o d o r e dreiser versity o f virginia to name but a few before, caricatures biting or affec­ □ t.s. e l io t — o m nigraphics has recruited tionate, rare first-edition book □ w illiam fa u l k n e r matthew bruccoli, alfred kazin, jackets, whole pages o f manuscripts □ f. s c o t t fitz g e r a ld cleanth brooks, valerie smith, □ r o b e r t fr o stand proofs bearing the author’s no­ □ e r n e st h e m in g w a yhelen vendler, george garrett, tations — all required diligent labor □ j o h n st e in b e c k leslie fiedler, and other luminaries to find, and, as you will soon see, are □ e d it h w h a r t o n to discuss the writers, books, and well worth the invested effort. □ t h o m a s w o l fe □ r ic h a r d w r ig h t on-approval order form featuring 10% pre-pu blication discou n t □ please send free preview package: a u se r’s guide and a 12-m inute (programs on individual works)in tro d u cto ry tape explaining the m o d e rn a m erican l iterature series. f orm at desired: □ v2 " vh s: □ v2 " b eta □ john dos passos’s u .s .a . □ theodore dreiser’s sister carrie □ send the com plete m o d e rn a m erican l iterature video collection, all □ t. s. eliot’s t he waste land th irty 4 5 -m in u te video p ro g ra m s — w ith p rin te d guides to each □ william faulkner’s a s i l a y d ying program and to the entire series. regular price $85 per program or $2550 □ f. scott fitzgerald’s t he great gat for the series. p re-publication price (10% discount) — available for a □ ernest hemingway’s a farewell to lim ited tim e — $76.50 each, all for $2295. (all omnigraphics video pro­ a rm s grams are sent on 60-day approval with money-back guarantee o f satisfaction.) □ john steinbeck’s the grapes o f wr □ edith wharton’s t he house o f m irt□ send — on approval — the individual program s checked above at $76.50 □ thomas wolfe’s look homeward, pre-publication price (reg. $85). p rinted p ro g ram guides included. a ngel □ check enclosed; ship postpaid on m oney-back □ bill us, plus postage guarantee. (omnigraphics pays postage and handling.) and handling charge to: □ visa; □ m astercard acct.______________________________________ exp. date_________________ (programs on literary topics and eras) □ realism and n aturalism in a m eric institution_______________________________________________________________________ literature □ am erican literature o f the tw enti a d d ress________________________________________________________________________ □ am erican literature o f the thirtie □ am erican literature o f w orld w ar city, state & z i p ________________________________________________________________ □ t he m o d ern am erican n ovel attn:________ o ____ m ________ n ____ i ____ g ____ r ___ a p hone n o . ( ) _______________________ □ m o d ern a m erican poetry phics inc. □ am erican l iterature and politics □ black am erican literature □ t he southern literary renaissance penobscot bldg. • detroit mi 48262 for fast service or information call tollfree: 800 2 34-1340 sby ath h an es s ii □ t he profession o f a uthorship in america acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries librarian lll/iv wayne state university reporting to the assistant d ean/d irector of echnicai services, this position will be filled at either the librarian iii or iv rank. duties: m onographic and serials cataloging, m aintaining technical services operations, and team developm ent. serves as resource for the cataloging of rare, special, and archival m ateri­ als. q u alific atio n s: m aster’s degree from an ala-accredited library school, substantial ex­ perience with cataloging in an academ ic re­ search library, and knowledge of one or more oreign languages required. knowledge of team building and tqm applications strongly pre­ ferred. minimum salary: $34,000. salary based on experience and qualifications. for a full list of duties and qualifications call (313) 577-4023. o apply, send resum e and names and ad­ dresses of three professional references to: judith march-adams assistant dean for adm inistration 134 purdy library w ayne state university detroit, ml 48202 position will remain open until a suitable candi­ date is found. all buildings, structures, and vehicles at wsu are smoke-free. w ayne s tate u nive rsity is an equ a l o pp o rtu n ity,a ffirm a tive a ction em ployer. w ayne s ta te u n ive rs ity -p e o p le w orking to g e th e r to p ro vid e q u a lity service. t f t d e a d lin e s : o rders fo r regular classified advertisem ents m ust reach th e a c r l office on o r before the se cond of the m onth preceding publication of th e issue (e.g., s e p te m be r 2 fo r the o ctob e r issue). should this date fall on a w eekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late jo b listings w ill be accepted on a space -a va ila ble basis after th e second o f the month. r ates: c lassified adve rtise m e nts are $7.10 per line fo r institutions that are a c r l m em bers, $9.00 fo r others. late jo b notices are $17.25 per line fo r institutio n s th a t are a c r l m em bers, $ 20.50 fo r others. o rgan iza tio ns subm itting ads w ill be charged according to th e ir m em bership status. d is­ p lay ad rates range from $320 to $610 based upon size. p lease call fo r sizes and rates. g u id e lin e s : for ads th a t list an application deadline, we suggest that date be no sooner than the 20th day of the m onth in w hich th e notice a ppears (e .g ., o cto b e r 20 fo r the o ctober issue). all jo b a nn ouncem ents should include a salary range p e r policy o f the a m erican library a ssociation (ala). job anno u nce m e n ts will be edited to e xclude discrim inatory references. app lica nts should be aw are that th e te rm s fa c­ u lty ra nk and status vary in m eaning am ong institutions. in te rn e t: c &r l n ew s classified ads are now accessible on the internet thro u gh th e g opher se rver at the u niversity of illinois a t c hicago. a ds w ill be placed on th e g opher app ro xi­ m ately 2-3 w eeks before th e printed edition of c &rl n ew s is p ublished. to reach c &rl n ew sn et locate the u niversity of illinois at c hicago in the menu o f all servers m aintained on gopher a t the university o f m innesota. alternatively, connect yo ur favo rite gop h e r client directly to host "gopher.uic.edu 70". s elect "the library" from the m enu and then select "c & r l n ew sn et" from the next m enu. c o n ta c t: jack helbig, c lassified a dvertising manager, c&rl neivsc lassified advertising department, acrl, am eri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611 2795; (312) 280-2513; fax: (312) 280-7663 or (312) 280-2520; e-m ail: u 21808@ u ic v m .uic.edu. p o lic y : a la policy requires that orga n izatio n s recruiting through ala publications o r pla ce m e nt sen/ice s com ply with a la anti-discrim ination policies. policy 54.3 states th a t “ala is com m itted to equ a lity o f o pportunity fo r all library e m plo y­ ees or a pplicants for em ploym ent, re gardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical o r mental handicap, individual life­ style, or national origin.” by advertising through a la se r­ vices, the organization a grees to co m ply w ith th is policy. positions open assistant librarian. lsu libraries. anticipated assistant li­ brarian (rank). reports to assistant dean tor automation and systems and is responsible for assisting with the management of the lsu libraries’ systems operation, which includes the notis system and other automated library services. required: mls degree accredited by ala, with appropriate and progressive experience with library automation; experience with word processing, ibm compatible micro­ computers using dos and windows operating systems. potential to meet requirements for promotion and tenure. desired; experience with oclc, notis or another integrated automation system , tcp/ip, internet, electronic mail; sas programming. salary: commensurate with qualifications and experience, $25,500 minimum. to apply send letter of application and resume, with names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references, to: systems librarian search commit­ tee, 295 middleton library, louisiana state u n iversity, baton rouge, la 70803-3300, attn: caroline wire. review of applications will begin march 1 and will continue until position is filled. automated systems librarian bakersfield college, one of california’s first community colleges, is seeking to fill a full-time, tenure-track, 195-day position. application procedures: contact per­ sonnel office, b a kersfie ld college, 1801 panorama dr., bakersfield, ca 93305, (805) 395-4252, for minimum qualifications, a jo b descrip­ tion and application packet. return with resume, letter of interest, three current letters of recommendation and all collegiate tran­ scripts. filing deadline is march 15, 1995. aa/eoe. cataloger. wheaton college (illinois) is seeking applicants for the faculty position of cataloger at buswell memorial library, the main campus library. reporting to the head of technical services „ the person is responsible for cataloging resources for an online catalog and supervising cataloging and processing staff. a qualified candidate will have a master's degree in library and/or information sciences from an ala-accredited institution, working knowledge of aacr2, oclc, ddc, lcsh, andcomputerapplications. one yearof professional experience, a second master's degree in an academic discipline, experience with government documents, education, and curriculum are preferred. wheaton college is an evangelical christian liberal arts college whose faculty and staff affirm a statement of faith and adhere to lifestyle expectations. the college complies with federal and state guidelines for nondiscrimination in employment. women and minority applicants are encouraged to apply. submit letter of application and resume to: director of human resources, w heaton college, wheaton, il 60187. 1 1 4 /c &r l news the classified mailto:u21808@uicvm.uic.edu february 1995/115 chair of science libraries (search re-opened). kansas state asked to make a presentation to library staff and academic faculty on trends in access to scientific information. preferred qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; five years of library experience: excellent oral and written communication skills; excellent interpersonal skills; management and supervisory experience in increasingly responsible positions. required qualifications: educa­ tional background or working experience in the scientific disciplines; academic library experience with strong background in reference; familiarity with automated information resources and access sys­ tems; experience with grant acquisition. salary: in $40s, dependent on experience and qualifications. review of applications will begin february 3,1995. vacation of 22 working days and excellent benefits. a $28 million expansion/renovation of the libraries is underway. manhattan is a community of 40,000 situated in the scenic flint hills of northeast kansas. send letter of application, resume, names, and addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: m. jean mcdonald, administrative services, kansas state university librar­ ies, manhattan, ks 66506. ksu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. university libraries is seeking applicants for the position of chair of science libraries. this is a 12-month tenure-track position. reporting to the associate dean, the chair of science libraries is responsible for operations and personnel at farrell science library, math/physics library, and chemistry/biochemistry library and collaborates with the veterinary medical library. the chair of science libraries provides direction and leadership for personnel in all science libraries. this position is responsible for defining and implementing programs and services in the science libraries which reflect a vision for libraries in the 21st century. during renovation and expansion of the main library, the successful candidate will provide leadership in developing pro­ grams and services for the interim and the future. the chair will work with faculty in the academic departments and serve as an advocate for those faculty and the science libraries staff. the ksu libraries is an open system organization that subscribes to the team concept. the successful candidate will be a member of the cabinet/operations team, which serves as the administrative team developing policy and procedure for ksu libraries. the interviewees for this position will be social sciences reference-bibliographer dartmouth college library hanover, new hampshire the dartmouth college library seeks a dynamic social sciences reference-bibliographer for the baker humanities & social sciences library. responsibilities: reporting to the humanities & social sciences librarian, works as a member of an information services team providing general and specialized reference services in an innovative and technically sophisticated environment utilizing the dartmouth online catalog, the campuswide informa­ tion system (d c is), rlin, and oclc. services provided include humanities and social sciences reference, including government documents, bibliographic instruction, and user education; online searching using dialog, lexis/nexis, cd-rom systems, mosaic, and various internet resources; consultation with faculty to determine instructional and research interests; collection management and development in the areas of anthropology, aociology, native american studies, and african and african– american studies. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; educational background in the social sciences, especially anthropology and sociology; a minimum of two years post-mls experience in an academ ic or special library; and one or more foreign languages. the successful candidate will have strong interpersonal skills; ability to w ork collegially in small group and team environments; strong com m itm ent to public service and collection m anagem ent and developm ent; strong reference and online searching skills; familiarity with use and application of microcomputers in a networked environment, and knowledge of the literature in the subject fields listed above. rank and salary: rank and salary comm ensurate, with experience and qualifications with a minimum salary of $26,000 for librarian i or $28,000 for librarian ii. full benefits package including 22 vacation days; com prehensive health care; tiaa/cref; and relocation assistance. application: applications received by february 2 8,1995, will be given first consideration; applica­ tions will be considered until the position is filled. please send resume to: phyllis e. jaynes director of user services dartmouth college 115 baker library hanover, nh 03755 dartmouth college is an aa, eeo, m/f employer. 116/c&rl news inform ation t e ch n o lo g y librarian c o n n e c t i c u t c o l l e g e , a h ig h ly selective, coeducational, residential liberal arts c o lle g e , invites applications fo r the p o s itio n o f in fo r m a tio n t e c h n o lo g y librarian. the library participates through a con sortiu m w ith t r in ity c o lle g e and w esleya n u n iversity in a n o t is -ba sed fully integrated library management system. the college has a campus-wide fiber optic network, allow ing access to major biblio­ graphic indexes through o p a c and the in house c d -r o m network. responsibilities include planning and pro­ moting the use o f information technology by faculty and students, conducting group instruction sessions, working with faculty to d e v e lo p w a ys to enhance teach in g and learning through the use o f local and global electronic resources appropriate to a rigor­ ous liberal arts curriculum, and reference service. a strong technical orientation required with outstanding oral and written communication skills, resourcefulness, flexibility, and abili­ ty to work with faculty and students, along with the ability to e ffe c tiv e ly collaborate with library staff, a v services, computing, and the language lab. master's degree in library science from accredited school nec­ essary, experience in academic library pub­ lic services preferred. please send resume and cover letter with names o f three references to connecticut c o lle g e , b o x 5 2 5 1 -c r , 270 m o h e g a n avenu e, n ew london, c t 06320. r eview o f resumes w ill begin febru ary 16. connecticut college connecticut college is actively seek­ ing to diversify its sta ff and faculty. an affirm ative action/equal opportunity employer. coordinator o f the reference group (search reopened). john carroll university’s grasselli library is seeking an experienced and dynamic reference librarian to serve as coordinator of the reference group. this person will coordinate all standard reference functions, including planning for the future structure of reference services, staffing of the reference center, library instruction, and developm ent of reference collections in all formats. supervision of four full-time librarians with faculty status, two part-time librarians, and student assistants is part of the position. this is a tenure-track appointment. salary is mid to high $30s for academic year (two semesters), with additional compensation for summer work. standard benefits. required: an ala-accredited mls, knowledge of reference material in all formats, and effective oral and written communication skills. desired: five years reference experience in a comparable institution. preference will be given to a candidate with a second master’s degree or an earned doctorate. john carroll university, a catholic and jesuit university, is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. send application letter and resume, and have three reference letters sent, to: gorman l. duffett, john carroll university, grasselli library, 20700 north park blvd., university heights, oh 41118. preference will be given to applications received by march 1‚ 1995. government documents librarian. central missouri state university, a comprehensive university 50 miles southeast of kansas city with an enrollment of 12,000, invites applicants for the following faculty position: government documents librarian. responsibilities: administer federal and state depository documents collection of 600,000 (53% f e d e ra l/100% state) volumes; supervise processing salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for governmental agencies that employ librarians. the recom­ mendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommenda­ tions for minimum salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini­ mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey or the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel re­ sources. c onnecticut $28,900 delaware $22,500+ illinois $27,400# indiana varies* iowa $21,588 louisiana $22,000 maine varies* m assachusetts $27,554* new jersey $30,128 new york varies* north carolina $24,367+ ohio $25,198+ pennsylvania $23,700* rhode island $28,000 south carolina varies* south dakota $20,000 texas $25,000 v erm ont $23,846 w est virginia $22,000 w isconsin $25,830 *r atherthan establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a form ula based on such variables as com parable salaries for public school teachers in each com munity or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for m inimum salary information. +salary minimums for public librarians only. #option for local formula. february 1995/117 118/c&rl news t h e u n iv e r s it y library u n i v e r s i t y o f s o u t h e r n c a l i f o r n i a th e university library’s business library is seeking an enthusiastic, service-oriented librarian with some back­ ground and a strong interest in reference and library instruction. t h e reference/bibliographic instruction librar­ ian will be responsible for the maintenance and further development o f innovative, multi-media reference and instruction programs geared to enabling students to find, evaluate, and make effective use o f information in all formats. as a part o f a team, the incumbent provides in-person, telephone and/or electronic mail information/ reference services using print and online resources. t o request a copy o f the job description, which includes qualifications and application instructions, e-mail your name and mailing address to donaldso@calvin.usc.edu or call (213) 740-2928 between the hours o f 9:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., monday friday. the university o f southern california is an aajeoe, ada-compliant institution strongly committed to the principle o f diversity. of documents; provide reference services in documents and supple­ mental reference assistance at the central reference center, includ­ ing the night and weekend rotation; assume bibliographic responsibili­ ties in appropriate disciplines. supervise 1.5 fte and 8 to 12 students. position reports to coordinator of public services. qualifications: required: an ala-accredited mls; relevant library experience; strong communication and interpersonal skills; experience with online systems and microcomputers; demonstrated commitment to client-centered services. desired: government documents experience; supervisory experience; familiarity with marc formats and bibliographic utilities. preference will be given to candidates with a second master’s in a relevant field. salary and benefits: 12-month, faculty tenure-track posi­ tion with benefits. salary depends upon qualifications: minimum at instructor level $30,772. the university expects research and creative activities as well as public service activities for promotion and tenure. a second master's is required for tenure. to apply: send a letter of application, resume, and three current letters of reference to: pal v. rao, dean of library services, central missouri state university, warrensburg, mo 64093. screening will begin on march 31‚ 1995, and continue until filled. central is an equal opportunity, affirmative-action/ ada employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. humanities bibliographer. kansas state university libraries seeks an energetic and creative professional to fill a tenure-track, faculty-ranked vacancy in its collection development department. responsibilities: develops library collections in cooperation with humanities faculty (including departments of english, history, mod­ ern languages, music, philosophy, and speech), and participates with the collections and humanities teams in developing policies and procedures. plays an essential role as liaison with donors and in enhancement of collections under a major neh challenge grant. requirements: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of subject literature; excellent communication skills. preferences: second subject mas­ ter’s in humanities area; reading knowledge of french, german, and/ or spanish; bibliographic experience/education; knowledge of book trade and library acquisitions processes; reference/instruction expe­ rience; familiarity with library automation; grantwriting or external funding experience; academic library experience; ability to work in a collegial and rapidly changing environment. salary: mid $20s, de­ pending on experience and qualifications. screening will begin feb­ ruary 15,1995, and will continue until the position is filled. starting date is negotiable. kansas state university, one of the original land-grant institutions, is a comprehensive university with an enrollment of nearly 19,000. it is located in manhattan, in the scenic flint hills of northeast kansas. the main library is undergoing a $28 million expansion and renovation, to be completed in 1996. send cover letter, resume, and the names, current addresses, and phone numbers of at least three work-related references to: m. jean mcdonald, director of administra­ tive sen/ices, farrell library, kansas state university, manhattan, ks 66506; phone: (913) 532-7465; e-mail: mcdonald@ksuvm.ksu.edu; fax: (913) 532-7415. kansas state university is an equal opportunity employer. ksu actively seeks diversity among its employees. librarian positions. state university of new york college at oswego. penfield library, suny oswego, has a number of profes­ sional vacancies to fill. at least one will be a beginning librarian position; at least two will require experience beyond the entry level. responsibilities for all positions include reference, bibliographic instruction, collection development, and other related duties. we are seeking candidates with an interest or experience in cd-rom manage­ ment, government documents or circulation. experience in special collections or library instruction would also be a plus. subject back­ grounds of special interest include modern language and literature, business, education, psychology and human services, anthropology/ sociology, chemistry and biology. an mls from an ala-accredited institution is required for all positions. for the beginning librarian position, some professional academic library experience is preferred, as is familiarity with emerging technologies and database searching. salary is $26,000 up, depending on rank and qualifications. for the senior library positions, at least two years of professional academic library experience is required, as is significant experience with emerg­ ing technologies. supervisory experience is preferred. salary is $29,500 up, depending on rank and qualifications. all positions require some evening and weekend hours. for all positions we seek candidates with good communication skills and the ability to work as members of a team. experience in a multicultural environment would be a plus. we welcome applications from members of historically underrepresented groups. all positions are 12-month, tenure-track positions with faculty mailto:donaldso@calvin.usc.edu mailto:mcdonald@ksuvm.ksu.edu february 1995/119 120/c&rl news status. applications received by february 1, 1995 will receive first consideration. applications will be reviewed until positions are filled. send letter of application, resume, transcripts, and three letters of reference to: michael j. mclane, director, penfield library, suny college at oswego, oswego, ny 13126. suny oswego is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. library. the college of library and information services at the university of maryland college at park seeks a librarian to plan and manage the services and resources of the information resource center which consists of the library, computer labs, and instructional design center. responsibilities include overseeing daily operations and supervision of staff, providing orientation to services and instruc­ tion in their use, and m aintaining liaison with faculty, the library system, the computing center, and other university units. may be expected to teach one or more courses as needed. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; five years increasingly responsible professional experience with selection, implementation, and support of information sources and technologies; effective communication skills; demonstrated strong public service and administrative skills. desired: second master’s degree or work toward the ph.d.; experi­ ence in an academic setting. salary range: $40,000–$45,000, de­ pending upon qualifications and experience. excellent benefits. position available july 1,1995. for full consideration, submit resume and names and addresses of three references by march 1‚ 1995, to: ann e. prentice, dean, college of library and information services, room 4105 hornbake library, university of maryland, college park, md 20742. the university of maryland is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. minorities are encouraged to apply. library director. madonna university invites applications for the position of library director beginning in mid-1995. madonna university is a catholic, co-educational, comprehensive university with approximately 4,400 students. this is a 12-month, nontenure position reporting to the academic vice-president. the director is responsible for the implementation, maintenance, and expansion of library policies, resources and provision of library services for faculty, students and staff. the successful candidate will have a minimum of an ala-accredited mls; doctorate preferred. evidence of at least seven years of progressively responsible experience in academic library administration is needed. salary range is $38,000–$42,000. a participative management style is essential, with strong communica­ tion and interpersonal skills. candidates should be committed to the character and goals of a liberal arts university with a christian perspective. submit letter of application, cv, and three letters of reference by march 10, 1995, to: patricia vint, chair selection committee, madonna university, 36600 schoolcraft, livonia, ml 48150-1173. madonna university complies with federal and state requirements for nondiscrimination in employment. applications are strongly encouraged from minorities. aa/eoe. library graduate assistants for 1995 academic year. mankato state university library is seeking individuals who possess either an mls or ma in library science and who wish to work on a subject master's degree while gaining valuable professional experi­ ence in an academic library. msu offers master's degrees in over 60 academic disciplines. graduate assistantships are internships in the discipline— in this case, two disciplines— library science and the subject discipline of your choice. graduate assistants supervise student workers and perform other professional services in the public and technical services of the library. public service positions include reference, governm ent publications, online database searching, interlibrary loan, educational resource center, media production, circulation, maps, periodicals, and bibliographic instruction. positions in the technical sen/ices include acquisitions, cataloging, and library research. successful candidates must show evidence of demon­ strable working experience in one of the areas listed. a full assistant­ ship averages 20 hours of work and pays approximately $155 per week for 34 weeks of the academic year. eleven-month assistant­ ships are also available with additional compensation. additionally, graduate assistants qualify for in-state tuition and for at least one-half tuition remission of 6 to 12 graduate credits per quarter during the academic year. contingent upon satisfactory performance and avail­ able funds, there is a possibility that this appointm ent may be continued beyond the initial period of employment. mankato state university library, a dynamic information center for 12,400 students and area users, has a staff of 16 librarians, 18 classified staff, approximately 10 graduate assistants, and over 150 student workers. february 1995/121 t h e u n iv e r s it y lib r a r y u n i v e r s i t y o f s o u t h e r n c a l i f o r n i a t h e u niversity l ibrary’s reference c en ter seeks a r eference l ibrarian. r eporting to th e h ead o f th e reference center, an d , as p a rt o f a team , th e incu m b en t will w ork in an innovative an d team -based e n v iro n m en t w ith an em phasis o n reference an d instructional services w h ich include course-integrated lectures, as well as w ork shop s and seminars; participates in providing reference service, cond u cts in -d ep th consulting (w ith g raduate stu d en ts and faculty) an d in stru ctio n in hum anities an d social sciences, an d develops classes an d sem inars for g raduate students, faculty, an d s enior u niversity staff; explores an d pro m otes applications o f new inform ation technologies for the hum anities a n d social sciences, an d assists users in th e retrieval a n d evaluation o f inform ation in all form ats. partici­ pates in suggesting, designing, an d im p lem enting approp riate enhancem ents to existing instru ctional program s in th e c enter. participates in train ing program s, an d jo in t collaborative projects w ith faculty. som e evening an d w eekend w o rk m ay be required. t o request a copy o f th e vacant position a n n o u n cem en t, w h ich includes qualifications an d application in stru c­ tions, please e-m ail y our nam e an d m ailing address to donaldso@ calvin.usc.edu. o r call (213) 7 4 0 -2 9 2 8 between th e hours o f 9 :0 0 a.m . to 4 :0 0 p.m ., m onday friday. the university o f southern california is a n aa/ eoe, a d a -com pliant institution strongly com m itted to the principle o f diversity. two positions john cotton dana library newark campus rutgers, the state university of new jersey reference librarian (documents/business) provides general and specialized reference, database searching, library instruction, collection develop­ ment in government documents and business. the business collection is the research collection in that area for the university. ala-accredited mls and one year relevant professional experience required. minimum salary: $32,648 for librarian iv tenure-track appointment. app #110. m ultimedia/reference librarian responsible for media ser v ices in new state-of-the-art jazz/media complex. opportunity to shape position and service programs in new media and information technologies. will provide general reference at reference desk, database searching, and collection development (approximately half-time). ala accredited mls and three years relevant professional experience, knowledge of electronic resources (cd-rom services, online services, internet access), experience with mosaic required. supervisory experience essential. minimum salary: $39,184 for librarian iii tenure-track appointment. app #111. to apply: submit resume, and three sources for current reference no later than february 24,1995 to: sandra troy, (app.#) libraries personnel officer rutgers university libraries 169 college ave. new brunswick, nj 08903 fax: (908) 933-7637 rutgers, the state university of new jersey upholds a commitment to affirmative action and equal opportunity. mailto:donaldso@calvin.usc.edu 122/c&rl news memorial library is home of the pals total library system, a nationally known integrated library system featuring an online catalog, a circu­ lation system, an interlibrary loan module, a serials control system, an acquisition system, and 20 external files such as eric and iac, which are available online. a letter of application outlining your experience in an academic library, your resume, and the names and telephone numbers of three current references should be sent by april 3,1995, to: frank r. birmingham, acting director, library sen/ices and information technology msu 19, mankato state university, p.o. box 8419, mankato, mn 56002-8419; phone: (507) 389-5953; fax: (507) 389-5155. applications from minorities are encouraged; mankato state university is an equal opportunity university and employer. the initial appointments will be made from the pool of applicants available at the initial review date specified above. if vacancies occur during the academic year, all applications, including those in the original pool nd those received after the initial review date, will be considered. all pplications in the pool become inactive on june 30, 1996. edia (search reopened). the university of san diego is seeking a reative, service-oriented, and energetic director of the media center. division of the university library, the media center supports usd’s aching with its av software collections, campuswide delivery ystem, software production, faculty development workshops, and edia classrooms. the director of the media center reports to the niversity librarian. responsibilities include working with faculty on edia projects, supervision of a staff of ten, budget oversight, long nge planning, service on university committees, administration of e center’s novell lan, and oversight of the center’s operations on a a m c a te s m u m ra th two positions available mark o. hatfield library willamette university the mark o. hatfield library at willamette university is seeking two creative service-oriented librarians to provide leadership in the continuing development of electronic information sen/ices. the library serves the college of liberal arts, which includes a graduate program in teaching, and the atkinson graduate school of management. systems librarian incumbent plans, coordinates, implements, and maintains the library’s automated services, including the iii system, oclc, networked cds, w w w /gopher servers, shared systems, ariel, and the library’s infostations (public scholarly workstations). position requires broad knowledge of emerging information technologies and their applications in libraries, the ability to analyze and interpret complex technical data, and a thorough understanding of the marc format and basic cataloging procedures. position serves as liaison to the university’s academic computing center and reports to the aul for technical services. desirable experience includes familiarity with innovative interfaces and unix systems administration, internet, www (html, httpd, cgi), marc, and windows, dos, and mac environments. minimum salary: $34,000. position available april 1‚ 1995. electronic resources and instruction librarian (new position) incumbent plans, organizes, coordinates, and teaches electronic information resources; works closely with librarians and teaching faculty to develop and integrate networked resources into the collection; is responsible for organization and public presentation of networked information; and develops strategies for integrating the teaching of networked resources into the existing instruction program. position reports to the aul for public services and collection development. required qualifications include: excellent writing, presentation, and teaching skills; public services experience in an academic setting; knowledge of computer-based resources and services, including internet; experience with library systems, particu­ larly iii; and electronic database searching. minimum salary: $27,000. position available july 1,1995. both positions include: participation in reference, library instruction, collection development, faculty liaison, academic governance, and some evening and/or weekend hours. both positions require: ala-accredited mls; significant previous experience in an automated library; ability to work flexibly and creatively in a rapidly changing environment; ability to interact positively with students, faculty, and staff in a primarily liberal arts setting; and a commitment to library service and the profession. subm it a letter of application that relates your qualifications to position requirements, a resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three professional references to: larry r. oberg university librarian mark o. hatfield library willamette university 900 state st. salem, or 97301 application deadline: march 1,1 99 5 . willamette university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. february 1995/123 its sam booking system and on the innovative interfaces campuswide library system. candidates must have a master’s degree in educa­ tional technology or in library science with a media emphasis and at least five years of relevant administrative experience. preferred candidates will have an additional degree in a subject taught at the university, familiarity with a wide range of university programs, experience in telecommunications and computing, especially multi media, and in teaching, and advanced speaking and writing skills. founded in 1948, usd is a roman catholic university. with 6,000 students, it has a college of arts and sciences and schools of law, business administration, nursing, and education. salary minimum is $50,000. benefits include tiaa/cref and a variety of health and dental plans, usn is an aa/eo employer. applicants should forward a letter, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: edward d. starkey, university librarian, copley library, university of san diego, 5998 alcala park, san diego, ca 92110. review of applications will begin in early february and continue until the position is filled. preliminary interviews may be conducted at ala midwinter in philadelphia. original cataloger (two positions). contributes aacr2 origi­ nal cataloging, and name, series, and subject authority work for books, serials, and nonprint material (videos, maps, computer files, and other audiovisual formats) in all subject areas. assigns lc classification numbers and lc subject headings to material having oclc or rlin copy but lacking this information. acts as a resources person for solving complex authority and bibliographic problems. participates with peers in discussing theory and practice of organizing and retrieving library material. keeps current with lc and oclc policies and cataloging practices and national cataloging trends. although these are primarily cataloger positions, some amount of time may be devoted to noncataloging duties depending on subject expertise and interest. reports to the cataloging team leader. in addition to the tearn leader, the cataloging team includes four original catalogers and ten nonexempt staff positions. required qualifica­ tions: ala-accredited mls degree; knowledge of lc classification and lc subject headings; knowledge of aacr2 and familiarity of earlier cataloging codes; knowledge of marc formats; familiarity with a bibliographic utility; ability to work with material in foreign languages; excellent oral and written communication skills; ability to read on romance language; computer skills, including experience with wor processing. preferred: experience in oclc; experience with an auto mated system having a cataloging module; background in the scienc es and agriculture, or background in the humanities with an emphasi in history. minimum of two years’ post-mls professional experienc in original cataloging. tenure-track position. library faculty must mee university requirements for promotion and tenure. 24 days annual leave tuition remission, usual benefits. assistant or associate professor rank salary: $25,000 minimum. send letter of application, current resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three recent referenc es to: jill keally, human resources, university of tennessee librar ies, 1015 volunteer blvd., knoxville, tn 37996-1000. review o applications will begin march 15, 1995, and will continue until th position is filled. interviewing at ala midwinter, philadelphia. utk i an eeo/aa/title ix/section 504/ada employer. rare book cataloger. under the supervision of the head o technical services for the houghton library, performs original an complex adaptive cataloging of rare books and printed material fro the 15th century to the present according to national standards, usin aacr2, lc subject headings, and the us marc formats. the descrip tive cataloging of rare books will be used for appropriate early materials the cataloger will participate in departmental planning of evolvin workflow procedures and assist with other cataloging activities whe necessary as procedures and duties evolve in the rapidly changin electronic environment. the cataloger provides expertise in an area o specialization to members of the library staff, and participates fully in th professional activities of the library, preparing exhibitions, seminars, an other public events. houghton library is the main repository for rar books in harvard college, with major collections in the areas of wester literature and history, the history of science, illustrated books, classica authors, theater and the performing arts, and many smaller collections houghton is administratively part of the harvard college library, withi the faculty of arts and sciences. qualifications: master’s degree fro an ala-accredited library school and/or advanced degree in the human ities. competency in at least one western european languag required, german or latin highly desirable; four to six years success ful professional cataloging experience, preferably in a large researc e d ­ ­ s e t , . , ­ ­ f e s f d m g ­ . g n g f e d e n l . n m ­ e ­ h t h e u n iv e r s it y libr a r y u n i v e r s i t y o f s o u t h e r n c a l i f o r n i a u niversity library’s c inem a/ television library seeks an innovative an d dynam ic individual for th e position as reference/special m aterials l ibrarian. r eporting to th e h ead o f th e c inem a/ television library, th e incum bents works w ith th e o th e r m em bers o f th e c inem a/television library. plans an d develops an overall reference program (incorporating bibliographic in stru ction), an d provides inform ation a n d instruction in use o f m onographic m ate­ rial, m anuscripts, o n -lin e data bases, w ord processors, m ulti-m edia w ork stations an d m icroform at indexes. t h e librarian also oversees th e acquisition an d preparation o f materials for th e louis b. m ayer study c e n te r an d t h e academy o f television arts an d sciences f o undation c ollection an d perform s collection d evelopm ent activities in television a n d related disciplines. participates in th e developm ent o f high quality film a n d television inform ation services for th e u s c c om m unity; provides reference service to students, faculty, researchers and o th er o ff cam pus users in th e approp riate m edium ; provides extended help to faculty a n d students on research topics an d suggests materials a n d films to su it th e topic; prepares course specific bibliographies an d offer class presentations. t o request a copy o f th e vacant p ositio n an n ouncem ent, w h ic h includes qualifications a n d application instruc­ tions, e-m ail y o u r nam e an d m ailing address to donaldso@ calvin.usc.edu o r call (213) 7 4 0 -2928 between th e hours o f 9:0 0 a.m . 4 :0 0 p. m ., m onday friday. the university o f southern california is an aa/e o e, a d a -com pliant institution strongly com m itted to the principle o f diversity. mailto:donaldso@calvin.usc.edu 124/c&rl news library, including original cataloging and authority control; experience in use of oclc or other major bibliographic utility. thorough knowl­ edge of cataloging tools, standards, and conventions; experience with integrated library systems. ability to perform bibliographic research and pay close attention to detail required. effective written and oral communication skills as well as excellent organizational and interper­ sonal skills. flexibility and versatility required in order to effectively contribute to an evolving work situation. the preferred candidate will be professionally active and have a demonstrated interest in publication and other scholarly activities. previous experience in cataloging of rare books and manuscripts desirable. available: immediately. compensa­ tion: appointment salary depending on qualifications, low to mid $40s. major benefits include one month vacation; generous holiday and sick leave; choice of health plans; dental insurance; life insurance; disability benefits; university-funded retirement income plan; tax-deferred annuity options; staff tuition assistance; child care scholarships. interested candidates may send a letter of interest, resume, and the names of three references to: hazel c. stamps, director of personnel services, harvard college library, 188 widener, harvard university, cam­ bridge, ma 02138. harvard university upholds a commitment to affirmative action and equal opportunity. reference/bibliographic instruction librarian. ten­ ure-track position. serves at the general reference desk of a large, urban, multicultural university. service includes some evening and weekend responsibilities. provides library instruction in a wide variety of subjects and formats, including preparing resource guides. subject specialty and collection development responsibility will depend on qualifications and library needs. participates in faculty governance with full faculty status in a collective bargaining environment. required: mls from ala-accredited institution, plus a minimum of two years profes­ sional experience in an academic library. substantial bibliographic instruction experience. strong communication skills. ability to work productively both independently and in a collaborative environment. flexibility. experience and up-to-date knowledge of electronic informa­ tion retrieval systems and sen/ices. enthusiasm for working with students and faculty on a multicultural urban campus. preferred: subject background in the humanities or creative arts. appointment level: senior assistant librarian. salary range: ten-month: $2,726– $3,768/month, depending on qualifications. twelve-month: $3,130– $4,337/month, depending on qualifications. starting date: september 1995. position will be filled subject to final budgetary approval. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: patricia forsyth, personnel assistant, j. paul leonard library, san francisco state university, 1630 holloway ave., san francisco, ca 94132. applications must be received by march 31, 1995. san francisco state university is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. minorities, women, and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. reference librarian. one-year temporary position for dynamic, sen/ice-oriented program of humanities and social sciences reference in an outstanding college library. required: ala-accredited mls, sound liberal arts education, previous academic or research library reference experience, knowledge of humanities and social sciences sources, demonstrated service commitment, library instruction skills, ability to work well independently and with others, excellent communication skills, commit­ ment to professional development, and evidence of initiative, creativity, and resourcefulness in past activities. preferred: previous professional refer­ ence experience; experience with library instruction, electronic informa­ tion sources, interlibrary loan, and government documents; undergraduate or advanced degree in a social sciences field; knowledge of one or more foreign languages. oberlin college combines a leading undergraduate college of arts and sciences with a music school of national prominence, and has a long history of leadership in educating women and minorities. in addition to strengths in traditional arts and sciences, oberlin empha­ sizes interdisciplinary study and actively seeks a racially, ethnically, and culturally diverse staff and student body. the library contains one million plus volumes and is fully automated. salary competitive, $25,500 minimum. available august 1, 1995. more information about oberlin college and the library is available at: http://oberlin.www.edu. to ensure consideration, send letter of application, resume, and names of three references by april 7,1995, to: reference search committee, oberlin college library, oberlin, oh 44074. aa/eoe. head of cataloging (search reopened) west virginia university libraries responsibilities: reporting to the assistant dean for technical services division, the head of cataloging provides leadership and planning for a staff of 13.5 fte. duties include setting goals and priorities, form ulating policies, performing original cataloging, designing and monitoring work flow, allocating staff, and evaluating performance. cataloging departm ent currently consists of mono­ graphic cataloging, serials cataloging, and binding. participates, as a member of the dean's council, in the general administration of the libraries and serves on other comm ittees as appropriate. qualifications: ala-accredited mls: three to five years post-mls academic cataloging experi­ ence; two years of supervisory experience. strong working knowledge of national and international standards for cataloging and classification as applied to all bibliographic formats. experience with notis system highly desirable. working knowledge of one or more western european languages. rank and salary: $40,000, minimum; 12-month non-tenure-track faculty position, appointment at the rank of assistant university librarian or higher, depending on experience and qualifications. excellent benefits package including tiaa/cref, medical and life insurance system with extensive optional and pretax sen/ice programs, generous annual and sick leave. application deadline: screening of applications will begin february 28,1995, and will continue until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: george libbey, associate dean west virginia university libraries p.o. box 6069 morgantown, wv 26506-6069 female and minority candidates are encouraged to apply. west vi action employer. rginia is an equal opportunity, affirmative http://oberlin.www.edu february 1995/125 reference librarian (two positions). seeking self-motivated, service-oriented individual to join reference team. individual will pro­ vid e reference service, biblio g ra p h ic in stru ctio n , collection development,and online/cd-rom searches. the library is committed to offering the latest in information technology and has recently installed its online catalog (innovative interfaces) and other electronic databases such as wilson databases, carl uncover, and firstsearch. individual can expect to work the library one night a week and one weekend a month. individual can expect to rotate along with other reference librarians, through additional responsibilities such as ill, map collection, government documents, etc. professional librar­ ians at texas a&m university-corpus christi (tamu-cc) have accademic status. tamu-cc is a four-year university with graduate programs. currently we serve over 5,100 students, 34% of whom are hispanic. qualifications: required: mls or equivalent from an alaaccredited program. experience with electronic databases. desired: experience or interest in government documents or in interlibrary loan and document delivery. bibliographic instruction experience. aca­ demic background in american or english literature, in the physical sciences or in business. salary and benefits: a 12 month appointment at a salary of $25,000. benefits include a percentage payment of employee’s ss, choice of retirement and medical programs, no state or local income taxes. state vacation, holiday package. applications are encouraged from women and men of all ethnic and racial back­ grounds. date available: position open immediately. committee will begin screening applicants march 1‚ 1995, and continue until position is filled. send letter of application, addressing qualifications, with resume and names of at least three reference to: university library, texas a&m university-corpus christi, 6300 ocean dr., corpus christi, tx 78412. eo/aa employer. reference librarian emory university emory university’s general libraries seek a reference librarian who is eager to participate in the accomplishm ent of the following library strategic plan goal: “ provide quality services that facilitate user access to a broad spectrum of locally maintained and networked information sources accessed remotely. user education in the skills required to access, manage, and assess information sources is important as is the goal of userself-sufficiency.” a newfacility, soon to be under construction, will enhance the opportunity for innovative approaches to the use of information technology and the development of services for the scholarly community in the electronic context. responsibilities: within the context of a changing environment, this position will: provide reference assistance, research consultation, and library instruction services to faculty and students in a broad range of subject areas; assist users in searching print and electronic reference resources, including numerous cd-rom and full-text resources, oclc and rlin, and the emory libraries’ integrated online catalog; and serve as library selector in an assigned area of social sciences, and as liaison to the related academic departments. position reports to the head of reference information, consulting and instruction, a unit of the public services division. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited institution; strong academic background in afield of the social sciences; experience in public services in a research library setting; experience in developing and delivering group instruction; familiarity with computer resources including cd-rom and full-text resources and automated library systems; demonstrated strong communications and interpersonal skills; and demonstrated interest in professional activities. emory libraries: the libraries of emory university hold 2 .3 million volumes and employ a total of 263 fte. in addition to the general libraries, there are separate libraries for health sciences, law, theology, and oxford college. the general libraries, in conjunction with the information technology division, are currently embarking on a long-term effort to develop a program of services focused on access to networked information resources. reference services are currently provided within the public services division by eight reference librarians and 3.5 general staff. the emory libraries are members of the association of research libraries, oclc, the research libraries group, the center for research libraries, and the university center in georgia. beginning salary and benefits: salary and rank dependent upon qualifications and experience: librarian i, $24,000– $27,000; librarian ii, $27,000– $35,000. comprehensive benefits package, including tiaa/cref. application procedures: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: dianne m. smith administrative office robert w. woodruff library emory university atlanta, ga 30322-2870 it will be helpful to include in the cover letter a brief statement of the applicant’s view of user education in the delivery of reference services. applications received by march 10,1995, will receive first consideration. emory university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and encourages women and minority candidates 126/c&rl news dean of the university library the dean of the university library is the execu­ tive officer responsible for the administration of the richard a. gleeson library, the chinese library, the instructional media department, and the university archives. the law library is ad­ ministered separately under the dean of the law school. the dean of the university library re­ ports to the provost/vice-president for academic affairs. the dean oversees a collection of over 500,000 volumes and administers a budget of almost $2 million annually. the dean oversees the administrative team of the library and is responsible for service to all onand off-campus constituencies of the university. minimum qualifications: eight years of progressively responsible professional experi­ ence in a library of recognized standing, three years of which must have been in a responsible, managerial capacity. experience with online, com­ puterized systems is essential. master’s degree from an ala-accredited school required, doctor­ ate preferred. starting date is open. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. salary is competitive and commensurate with experi­ ence and training. comprehensive resume detailing qualifications, academic training, and library experience and the names, address, and phone numbers of three current professional references should be sent to: b . j . johnson chair, search committee/crla 2/95 dean of the university library university of san francisco 2130 fulton st. san francisco, ca 94117-1080 established as san francisco’s first institute of higher learning in 1855, usf presently serves 8000 students in the schools of arts and sci­ ences, business, education, nursing, law, and professional studies. the university is a private, catholic, and jesuit institution and particularly welcomes candidates who desire to work in such an environment. we particularly encourage minority and women candidates to apply. the university of san francisco is an equal opportunity and affirmative action employer, and will provide reasonable accommoda­ tions to individuals with disabilities upon request. university archivist university of houston u nder the general direction of the head of special collections and archives, administers, develops, organizes, and leads innovative program to ex­ pand access to and use of university archives and related archival collections housed in the univer­ sity of houston libraries. responsible for refer­ ence and research services in a computerized environment. will oversee the complete renova­ tion of the archival facility. requires an ala-accredited master’s degree with substantial archival course work or advanced degree in history or related discipline; evidence of progressively responsible experience as an archi­ vist, with processing experience required. knowl­ edge of computerized applications as they relate to library functions. excellent oral and written communications skills. must show a commitment to participatory management and user-oriented service. member of the academy of certified archivists preferred. ability and willingness to lift heavy containers (30 -5 0 pounds). salary: $30,000. review of applications will continue until the position is filled. send letter of application, names of three references, and re­ sume to: dana rooks assistant director for administration university of houston libraries houston, tx 77204-2091 the university of houston is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities, women, veterans, and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. science librarian (search extended). st. lawrence university, a private, non-denominational liberal arts college located between the adirondack mountains and the st. lawrence river, seeks an individ­ ual to assume prim ary responsibility for managing daily operations and supervising support staff at the launders science library. s/he will also serve as part of a team of 10 librarians to provide reference and instruction, develop and manage collections, facilitate document delivery, and plan policies and set goals for campus libraries. 12 month appointment with 1 month vacation; faculty status. salary range from high $20s, commensurate with qualifications and experi­ ence. required: ala-accredited mls; library experience, preferably in an academic setting; degree in science or equivalent library experience working with science collections. preferred: strong reference, biblio­ graphic instruction, and database searching skills; working knowl­ edge of library computer applications; supervisory experience. the search committee will begin reviewing candidate material on march 3,1995; position will remain open until filled. send letter of application, resume, and names and telephone numbers of three references to: lynn ekfelt, search committee chair, owen d. young library, st. lawrence university, canton, ny 13617. st. lawrence university is an affirmative action, equal employment opportunity employer. women, minorities, and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. serials cataloger/east asian subject specialist. the george washington university annouces a search for a serials cataloger/east asian subject specialist. appointment rank and salary: appointment at the rank of librarian ii, $26,000 minimum. position description: performs original and complex copy cataloging of serials in all subject areas and languages; performs original and february 1995/127 complex copy cataloging of other bibliographic formats in east asian languages; creates and reviews authority work in local automated system; reviews all new serials records in local automated system to ensure that bibliographic, copy holdings, marc holdings, and item records are correct. supervises paraprofessional staff whocreate local data records (ldr) for the oclc union list; works with head of database management and processing unit to resolve serials bibliographic, copy holdings, marc holdings, and item record problems. trains and serves as resource person for technical services staff with regard to serials records in oclc and local automated system; serves as the department’s liaison with the serials coordinator; develops procedures and policies pertaining to serials record maintenance, cataloging, and monographic series authority records in consultation with the department head and, as necessary, the serials coordinator; assists serials coordinator in review of serials clean-up project; in particular is responsible for bibliographic records. as subject specialist for east asia serves as liaison, provides specialized research support and consultation services, develops and manages collections, and identifies users needs with respect to library services and policies. participates in user education and research consultations. serves on librarywide and university committees. reports to senior subject specialist, who helps plan commitments and evaluates overall performance. qualifications required: ala-accredited mater’s degree in library science; familiarity with aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, marc formats, and ansi holdings standards; minimum of two years post-mls serials cataloging experience; experience with an integrated online system and a major bibliographic utility; reading knowledge of chinese; excellent oral and written communication skills; ability to work in a team environment. qualifications desirable: experience with notis; other cataloging experience; reading knowledge of other east asian or european languages; collection development or faculty liaison experi­ ence; academic background in east asian studies. review of application: review of applications begins on february 1‚ 1995 and continues until the position is filled. please send your resume and names of three references to: andrea w. stewart, executive associate, the melvin gelman library, the george washington university, 2130 h st. nw, washington, dc 20052. the george washington university is an equal opportuni­ ty, affirmative action employer. system librarian. responsibilities: coordinates the work of the system department’s team of six staff in all aspects of library preservation services department head dartmouth college library the dartmouth college library seeks a librarian who understands the administrative, policy, and philosophi­ cal issues of preservation in an academic library during a period of significant change in technology, collection management, and methods of access. the preservation librarian will be responsible for developing and managing a newly created department responsible for general collections preservation and conservation activities. the successful candidate for this position will bring creative and flexible leadership as a department head within a recently reorganized collection services unit encompassing bibliographic control, bibliographic records management, acquisitions, and preservation services. responsibilities: reporting to the director of collection services, the preservation services librarian manages the department responsible for general collections preservation activities, including primary assessment and planning for managing the conservation of the general collections, in-house and contract binding, repair, and reformat operations; development of standards and policy for preservation activities in the library system; design and monitoring of workflows; supervision of staff; and participation in systemwide planning and preservation education, qualifications: ala/mls; minimum of five years experience in an academic library including at least two years of preservation experience and two years of supervisory experience; knowledge of preservation standards, conservation, and collection management; knowledge of national preservation trends and current preservation technologies and sen/ices; evidence of program planning and developm ent skills; demonstrated experience in writing proposals and m anaging grant-supported preservation projects; experience in managing large budgets; experience with contract negotiations; familiarity with library automated systems; strong interpersonal, communication, and problem-solving skills. rank and sa lar y: rank and salary comm ensurate with experience and qualifications, with a minimum salary of $28,000 for librarian ii or $32,000 for librarian iii; full benefits package including 22 vacation days; comprehensive health insurance; tiaa/cref; and relocation assistance. application: review of applications will begin february 28,1995; applications will be considered until the position is filled. send resumes to: phyllis e. jaynes director of user services 115 baker library hanover, nh 03755 dartmouth college is an aa. eeo, m /f emplover. 128/c&rl news bibliographer for business and economics the university of chicago library the university of chicago library seeks candidates for the position of bibliographer for business and economics. this departm ent is located within the regenstein library, the library for humanities and social sciences, and forms one of the largest collections in the library, consisting of more than 380,000 volumes, 2,100 periodical subscriptions, and a growing num ber of electronic information sources. the business collection supports the research and curriculum of the graduate school of business, which offers the master’s of business administration and doctor of philosophy degrees. the school has 150 faculty members and 1,200 mba and 100 phd students. the downtown campus of the graduate school of business enrolls an additional 1,400 students. the economics collection supports the research and teaching needs of the faculty and students in the department of economics, which has a faculty of 3 0,300 undergraduate majors, and 200 graduate students in ma or phd programs. the economics collection is widely used by faculty and students in other departments including public policy, political science, and history. the department of economics also has a collaborative working relationship with the graduate school of business and the law school. the bibliographer is responsible for developing and maintaining the library’s collection, in all relevant formats, in the areas of business and economics. the bibliographer provides reference service and bibliographic instruction, oversees the general delivery of such services and instruction for faculty and students in both paper-based and electronic resources, advises technical services staff on matters relating to the ordering and processing of materials, develops a long-term acquisitions policy as well as an ongoing program for periodically reviewing it and evaluating the needs of the assigned collections. the bibliographer serves as the primary channel for communications between the library and faculty and students, establishes and maintains collaborative working relationships with the head of reference services, the social sciences bibliographer, other bibliographers, and with library staff. the bibliog­ rapher supervises a staff of one professional, and three others, two of whom report directly to the business reference librarian. the bibliographer reports to the assistant director for collection development and for public services for the humanities and social sciences. qualifications: education: a graduate degree from an accredited library school and an academic background in business or economics are required. an advanced degree in business or economics is preferred. experience: substantial reference or collection development experience in a research library is essential. candidates must have thorough knowledge of print and electronic information sources in the relevant subjects. supervisory experience, and experience with fundraising and grant writing are highly desirable. skills: the ability to adapt within a rapidly changing information environment is a necessity. candidates must be able to work effectively with faculty, students, and staff and possess excellent written, oral, and interpersonal communication skills. working knowledge of at least one western european language is desirable. salary and benefits: appointment salary will be based on qualifications and experience; salary range begins at $33,774. there is a full range of health care, retirement, and paid tim e-off benefits. application process: letter of application should include curriculum vitae and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references. applications received by march 1 ‚ 1995, will be assured consideration. please send letter of application and vitae to: denise weintraub personnel officer the university of chicago library 1100 e. 57th st., room jrl 120 chicago, il 60637-1502. oee february 1995/129 automation and telecommunications, providing training, technical assistance, and consultation to library faculty and staff and oversigh of the library's microcomputer lab. the systems librarian is involved in training library personnel in the use of the integrated library system software, system operation, and system documentation; with system and network monitoring, operations, and planning; and in testing and implementation of new software and technology. the systems librar ian is expected to be the liaison with the campus computing information services, the health sciences library automation efforts, the eastern carolina network, and the university of north carolina general administration’s network services. qualifications: alaaccredited mls required. second master’s degree desired. prefer ence will be given to second master’s degree in information science or computer science. exceptional communication and interpersonal skills are required as well as the ability to work in a team environment. supervisory experience is desired. candidates must have an under standing of all library operations including public services, technical sen/ices; and media services. candidates must have demonstrated experience with implementing and managing microcomputerand minicomputer-based systems and networked projects. candidates must provide evidence of database creation and report generation experience using commercial software programs, e.g., excel, access. candidates must have demonstrated experience with novell netware 3.12 or higher, the operation of networked cd-roms, as well as the implementation and operation of gopher and web servers. twelve­ t ­ & ­ ­ month tenure-track faculty position available beginning july 1‚ 1995. rank and salary dependent upon qualifications and experience. sub­ stantial record of research, publication, and presentation will be expect­ ed of the successful candidate for promotion and tenure. a constituent institution of the university of north carolina, east carolina university has over 17,800 students in 12 colleges and schools. academic library services provides library and information services through two libraries, joyner library and the music library. academic library services has a faculty of 29 and a staff of 75.5 library collections total approximately one million volumes plus extensive holdings of micro­ forms, government documents, and manuscripts. academic library servic­ es is networked, providing access to cd-roms, the internet, and the client/ server-based integrated library system horizon. construction is underway on a major addition and renovation that will double the size of the library. screening of applications will begin april 1, 1995. applicants should submit a complete resume, copies of all transcripts, and a letter of application summarizing achievements and potential for the position, to: systems librarian search committee, pat elks, administrative assis­ tant, joyner library, east carolina university, greenville, nc 27858 4353. applicants should have three letters of reference mailed to the search committee in order to be considered. official transcripts from each college or university attended will be required prior to any offer of employment. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. accom­ modates individuals with disabilities. applicants must comply with the immigration reform and control act. 1995–96 ala minority fellowship opportunity the american library association (ala), the oldest and largest national library association in the world, provides leadership for the development, promotion, and improvement of library and information services and the profession of librarianship through a comprehensive program including research, fellowships, publications, and conferences. applications are being accepted for the 1995– 1996 ala minority fellowship program. the program is designed to provide a participatory opportunity for underrepresented ethnic librarians to: • gain an understanding of ala’s structure and operations, how policy is formulated and implemented, and association management. • improve the upward mobility and wider representation of underrepresented ethnic librarians, make ala better known, more visible, and accessible to librarians of diverse backgrounds and multiethnic caucuses. • contribute to ala in its vision, commitment, and goal toward the multicultural profession. the american library association’s goal is to help to eliminate the barriers that prevent minority librarians and information scientists from participating fully in the profession. the american library association recognizes that one institution or professional association cannot eliminate the barriers alone, but strongly believes that professional associations, with the participation and contributions of library professionals from multicultural backgrounds, have a significant role to play and must provide leadership by example. to qualify, an applicant must: be a librarian/information professional; a member of one or more of the following groups of american underrepresented ethnicity: american indian or alaskan native, asian or pacific islander, african american, or latino; hold a master's degree from a library and information science program accredited by the ala or from a program that meets the ala/aasl curriculum guidelines within a unit accredited by the national council for the accreditation of teacher education; have a minimum of three years of professional working experience in a library or information science environment; be a citizen of the united states; be a member of the ala at the start of the fellowship. the 1995– 96 stipend for the ala minority fellow is $30,000 plus medical, dental, life, and disability insurance and relocation assistance to chicago. to obtain more information about the program or to receive application materials, contact: american library association office for library outreach services 50 e. huron st. chicago, il 60611 1-800-545-2433, ext. 4294 the postmark deadline for applications is april 15, 1995. 130/c&rl news late job listings reference librarian. the american university invites applications for a tenure-track reference librarian at the rank of assistant librarian. responsibilities: provide research assistance in an active department with a busy reference desk and in-demand outreach programs and services. support and assist in user access to the online public catalog, networked and stand-alone compact disc databases, lexis/ nexis, mediated databases, internet, and other electronic resources. design and teach library instruction sessions, prepare publications, participate in departmental planning processes. collection development and other reference responsibilities as assigned. evening and weekend service required. professional development and service to the university community expected. requirements: ala-accredited mls. reference experience and experience with electronic information resources including the internet. excellent communication skills. ability to work independently and collegially in a demanding environment. potential to meet tenure requirements in performance of primary and secondary responsibilities, university and professional service. preferred: academic reference experience, library instruction experience, and background in science or social sciences for materials selection. salary: commensu­ rate with experience and qualifications. position available: may 1,1995. the american university, incorporated in 1893, offers a wide range of undergraduate and graduate programs, many with international focus, to over 11,000 students. its proximity to centers of politics, justice, world affairs, communication, science, business, and art in washington, d.c., enhances the learning environment. the university library serves the university through a collection of over 615,000 volumes, 21 library faculty, 50 full­ time staff plus over 100 student assistants, and a budget of over $4.7 million. the university is an active member of the washington research library consortium, with a shared notis system that includes an online public catalog and 12 additional bibliographic databases. the reference department employs nine fulltime library faculty and three support staff. review of applications will begin march 1, 1995, and continue until position is filled. send resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: michele mikkelsen, personnel officer, the american university library, 4400 massachusetts ave., nw, washington, dc 20016-8046. the american university is an aa/eeo university committed to a diverse student body, faculty, and staff. minority and women candidates are encouraged to apply. cataloging coordinator, library. cataloging coordinator. assistant professor. regular, 9-month, possible tenure-track appointment with faculty status. dependent on funding may be for one year only. responsibilities: coordinates cata­ loging dept, activities; general reference; library instruction; collection development and departmental liaison duties to selected departments; multicultural outreach. required: ala-mls; experience or training in cataloging, use of electronic reference resources, and reference services; multicultural expertise or background. preferred: subject master’s; second master’s required for tenure. teaching experience; cataloging experience in an opac environment, and with government publications; supervisory experience. salary: $29,988, assistant professor with second master’s. applications received by april 15, 1995, given preference; position open until filled. minorities are strongly urged to apply. send resume and names of three references to: jim rible, chair, library personnel committee, southern oregon state college, 1250 siskiyou blvd., ashland, or 97520. phone: (503) 552-6821; e-mail: rible@wpo.sosc.osshe.edu. sosc is an aa/eeo employer. mailto:rible@wpo.sosc.osshe.edu acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries may 1984 / 267 u rbana, il 61801; (217) 333-3280. 1 1 -1 4 — photography: workshop on adm inistra­ tion of photographic collections, sponsored by the society of am erican archivists, fairbanks, alaska. see may 2 1 -2 3 entry for details. 1 7-21— theology: annual c onference, american theological l ibrary association, w estern t h eo­ logical sem inary, holland, m ichigan. c ontact: a t l a , 5600 s. w oodlawn a ve., c hicago, il 60637; (312) 947-8850. 2 2 2 4 — m ed ia t e c h n ic ia n s : a nnu al m e e tin g , council on library/media technicians, d allas, texas. t h em e: “personnel-ly: support s ta ff’s responsibilities.” c ontact: raymond roney, e l c a m in o c o lle g e l ib r a r y , 1 6 0 0 7 c ren sh a w b lvd ., t o rran ce, ca 90506. august 2 8 3 0 — photography: workshop on adm inistra­ tion of photographic collections, sponsored by the society of am erican archivists, w ashington, d .c . see may 2 1 -2 3 entry for details. october 2 5 — m arine science: 10th anniversary m eeting of the international association of m arine science l ib r a r ie s and in fo r m a tio n c e n te rs , w oods hole, massachusetts. t h e conference will pro­ vide an overview of expanding m arine science inform ation needs in the “year of the o cean” and beyond. c ontact: judy ashmore, library, m arine biological laboratory, woods hole, ma 02543; (617) 548-3705. 10— fitness: “shape up! fitness for librarians/* a workshop offered by the kentucky l ibrary asso­ ciation at the g alt house, louisville. physical fitness trends, program s, stationary exercises will be demonstrated. fee: kla members $12, non-members $32. ceu s offered. c ontact: je n ­ nie s. boyarski, paducah com m unity college l ib rary , p .o . box 7380, paducah, ky 42001; (502) 442-6131, ext. 132. 1 3 -1 5 — m ental h ealth: “psychiatry and the me­ d ia ,” annual meeting of the association of m en­ tal h ealth l ib ra ria n s, d enver m arrio tt c ity c enter. credit: 14.0 m la credits. c ontact: f e ­ licia chuang, texas research institute of m ental sciences, 1300 moursund a ve., houston, t x 77303-3406; (713) 797-1976. 1 5 -1 6 — softw are: l ibrary softw are c onference, sponsored by meckler publishing, at the phila­ delphia hilton. th e program will focus on li­ brary applications of software for m icro, m ini, and m a in fra m e com p u ter system s. c o n ta c t: meckler publishing, 520 riverside ave., w est­ port, c t 06880; (203) 226-6967. 2 1 2 6 — asis: 47th annual meeting, am erican so­ ciety for inform ation science, franklin plaza, philadelphia. them e: “ 1984: challenges to an inform ation society.” c ontact: 1984 asis c on­ vention, th e automated o ffice, 3401 market street, philadelphia, pa 19104. 2 5 2 8 — a fricana: 27th annual meeting, african studies association, los angeles hilton hotel. c ontact: asa, 255 kinsey h all, university of c alifornia, los angeles, ca 90024. ■ ■ deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $4.00 per line for acrl members, $5.00 for others. late job notices are $10.00 per line for members, $12.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the last day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 31 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in cr&l news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in cr&l news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep't, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. for sale arkham house collection in fine condition for sale as a whole. terms. $2 brings detailed list. neil barron, 1149 lime pi., vista, ca 92083. positions open assistant head, periodicals department. reporting to the head, periodicals department, the incumbent is responsible for assisting in the management of the periodicals department, which has a periodicals budget of $115,000 and receives approximately the classified ads 268 / c & r l n e w s 2,000 subscriptions. departmental functions include selection and acquisition, record keeping, bindery and periodicals information desk. the incum bent will be responsible for online searches in sci­ ence and technology especially, book and periodical selection in the sciences and for m icro-com puter application in periodicals. qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited master’s degree and undergraduate prep­ aration in science are required. additional graduate course work in science or com puter science is highly desirable. post-mls periodi­ cals work experience is necessary. salary range $ 2 0 ,00 0-$24,000 for 12 months, tenure track position. letter of application, resume, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current profes­ sional references should be sent by june 1, 1984, to: henry r. ste­ wart, director, william allen white library, emporia state university, emporia, ks 66801. a s s is t a n t librarian. austin college. ala-accredited mls plus teaching interest and skills. duties: ill, serials, oclc subsys­ tems, cataloging, reference, and bibliographic instruction as as­ signed. salary: $17,000 for twelve months or slightly higher for sub­ stantial relevant experience. a pply before june 1 by sending vita and library school placem ent file to: a. j. carlson, acting dean of the faculty, austin college, sherma’n, tx 75090. an equal opportunity employer. a s s is ta n t reference librarian intern (9 month, term appointm ent, renewable up to four years). performs general refer­ ence services; shares responsibility for bibliographic instruction and online bibliographic searching; assists in ill verification and refer­ ence collection development. this position is designed for a recent library school graduate who wishes to gain academ ic library experi­ ence while pursuing a second m aster's degree. required: ala accredited mls (earned by august 31, 1984); coursework and/or experience with online bibliographic searching. minimum salary $12,500, with standard benefits. application deadline: june 10, 1984, or until filled. tentative starting date: august 15, 1984. send resume, and have academ ic credentials and three recent letters of recom m endation sent directly to: w endy klosterman, south dakota state university library, box 2115, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. as so c ia te librarians (technical services and ref­ erence). theological institute in jerusalem seeks urgently to fill these positions. the library holds 40,000 volumes, 50,000 m icro­ fiche, 400 periodicals and is expanding into areas of multi-faith peace issues. plans for com puterizing the collection are being con­ sidered. spacious 3-story building and m odern facilities. all posts are vacant now and we hope to fill them before october 1984. a c­ com m odation and salary package is for negotiation. associate li­ brarian, technical services: responsible for planning and im ple­ m enting the processes of selection, acquisition and classification. will study alternative m ethods of re-classifying and computerizing. must have library degree, skills in current library technology, and ex­ perience in a com puterized library. knowledge of several languages will be an asset. associate librarian, reference: will survey and ap­ praise all current international publishing in theology and multi-faith peace-related issues. prepare bibliographies for library purchase, for special seminar themes and conferences. provide reference as­ sistance to users. some classification duties. must have library de ­ gree, theological erudition and an interest in ethical/religious ap ­ p ro a c h e s to pea ce. a th e o lo g y d e g re e and e x p e rie n c e in a theological library, together with several languages is looked for. a p­ plication with cv to: director of administration and finance, ecu­ menical institute for theological research, p.o. box 19556, jerusa­ lem, israel. biblio graphic co ntro l librarian. responsible for man aging the bibliographic control operations of the library which in­ cludes cataloging of books, serials, audiovisual programs, and his­ torical materials, in addition to production and m aintenance of a state union list of biomedical serials and other specialized catalogs. partic­ ipates in the m anagement of the technical services division, includ­ ing a major role in automating library operations. supervises a part time cataloger and 2 -3 paraprofessionals. reports to the associate director. requirements: ala-accredited mls; three years recent professional cataloging experience using oclc and aacr2 with lc classification, mesh and lc subject headings. evidence of initia­ tive, problem solving skills, and excellent written and oral com m uni­ cation skills. desirable: experience with library automation projects, especially retrospective conversion and at least one year supervi­ sory experience. salary: $22,000 and moving assistance. send re­ sume and the names of at least three professional references, to: john patruno, associate director, the claude moore health sci­ ences library, box 234, university of virginia m edical center, charlottesville, va 22908. position available immediately. eeo/aa. catalog librarian at arizona state university where the alis iii system is operational for circulation, and the public access catalog for 400,000 full marc records will be brought up in 1984. the suc­ cessful candidate will catalog, classify and provide subject analysis for m onographs in the social sciences or humanities and for m ono­ graphs and manuscripts in the arizona historical foundation and special collections as well as supervise the paraprofessionals en­ gaged in special collections cataloging. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; minimum of three years post-mls original cat­ aloging experience in a research library (preferably a large aca­ dem ic library); working knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classifica­ tion system; experience with oclc or similar utility and its practice; w o rking know le dge of m inim um of two w estern european lan­ guages; academ ic background and cataloging experience in the so­ cial sciences or humanities; good com munication and organization skills. preferred: dem onstrated successful supervisory and training experience and familiarity with special or archival collections cata­ loging. salary: from $18,000-, dependent on qualifications and ex­ perience. send letter of application which addresses each of the qualifications listed above, a current resume, and the names and ad­ dresses of four current references to: constance corey, assistant u niversity librarian, h ayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287, by june 30, 1984 (postmark accepted). copies of the com plete announcem ent of vacancy may be requested from the same person. asu is a committed, equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities are encouraged to apply. catalog librarian. librarian ii (assistant professor) target level. responsibilities: interpretation and im plementation of aacr2, lcsh, ddc, marc formats, and lc cataloging practice; assistance in determination of cataloging and catalog maintenance policy and procedures; oclc cataloging operations including regular and ret­ rospective conversion activities; syndetic structure of the catalog; original cataloging of printed materials; training personnel; some ref­ erence duties. qualifications: m aster’s degree from ala-accredited program required. four years professional experience in cataloging and a second m aster’s degree in a subject area required for appoint­ ment at rank of librarian ii. com petency in a modern romance lan­ guage desirable. salary: dependent on education and experience. minimum of $18,000 for nine-month appointm ent at rank of librarian ii. summer conditional upon library needs. application deadline: june 8, 1984. send letter of application, resume, transcripts, and three current letters of reference to: james zink, director, kent li­ brary, s outh east m issouri state u n ive rsity, c a pe g ira rd e a u , m o 63701. an equal opportunity, m/f, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian. responsible for cataloging of library mate­ rials in all formats; oclc/aacr2/lc. managerial, fiscal control of all oclc procedures, including serials check-in, ill. supervision of para-professional staff in cataloging and serials. additional part-time duties in reference and collection development, assigned to speci­ fied disciplines. requirements: ala-accredited degree in library or information science. experienced enough to function with complete autonomy. subject background in social sciences (teacher educa­ tion) or science/technology desirable, along with knowledge of com ­ puter applications in libraries (other than oclc). minimum salary in the upper teens, depending on qualifications. 12-month contract. send resume to: theresa taborsky, director, wolfgram memorial li­ brary, w idener university, chester, pa 19013. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. catalog librarian. the university of arizona library is seek­ ing a professional librarian to be responsible for the m onographic cataloging of literature in french, german, and english languages. related activities such as staffing a catalog information desk will also be assigned. this position reports to the head catalog librarian. the university of arizona library is a large academ ic research li­ brary with more than 2 million volumes and more than 4 million hold­ ings in the main library system. the catalog department is one of 4 departm ents within the technical services division, em ploying 11 professional catalogers and 44 career staff. requirements include: an ala-accredited degree; working knowledge of aacr2; experi­ ence with lc classification and the lcsh; experience with oclc or a similar utility; knowledge of french and german. previous catalog­ ing experience is preferred. the beginning professional salary is $16,500; a higher salary can be negotiated depending upon qualifi­ m a y 1984 / 269 cations and experience. professional librarians at the university of arizona are academ ic professionals and voting m em bers of the fac­ ulty, have 12-month appointm ents with 22 days vacation and 12 days sick leave and 10 holidays annually. position is available july 1. deadline for applications is june 15,1984. send letter of application, resume, and the names of 3 referees to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. the uni­ versity of arizona is an eoe, aa employer. ca talo g er , the burke library, union theological seminary, new york city. responsible for the cataloging and processing of ma­ terials in all formats, with special em phasis on m onographs. serves as deputy for head of bibliographic control and assists in adm inis­ tration of units. trains and supervises terminal operators, filers, proc­ essing assistants, et al. shares responsibility for the m aintenance of the public in-process file, com-fiche catalog, historic card catalogs, and public and non-public shelflists. serves as a resource person for other staff and library users in interpreting bibliographic data. re­ quirements: m aster’s degree in librarianship, a second m aster’s de­ gree in theology or a related discipline is normally required. good working know ledge of one germ anic (preferably german) and one romance (preferably french or spanish) language and at least a b ib lio g ra p h ic know le d g e of the other principal th eological lan­ guages. familiarity with theological bibliography and literature and a broad know ledge of the humanities. minimum of 3 years experience in an academ ic ibrary with dem onstrated skill in the use of aacr2, lc classification schedules and subject headings, oclc and/or rlin, and m icrocom puter applications. g ood writing and speaking skills. must have a strong com m itm ent to bibliographic control and an active interest in exploring the new dimensions of technical/auto m a te d b ib lio g ra p h ic se rvice s. rank: l ib ra ria n i or ii. salary: $18,000-522,000, dep ending upon qualifications. liberal benefits, including 6 weeks vacation. apply with letter, resume, and refer­ ences to: director of personnel, union theological seminary, 3041 broadway at reinhold niebuhr place, new york, ny 10027. union theological seminary is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em ­ ployer. catalog er. catalogs and classifies m onographs in the menno nite library and archives, a library specializing in anabaptist/men nonite materials. assigns subject headings, classification numbers, and checks and revises oclc input. qualifications: 1) ala/mls; 2) two years professional experience; 3) reading knowledge of german and/or dutch; and 4) familiarity with aacr2, marc format, oclc, lc subject headings, and dewey. three-year neh-funded position, salary $16,000 + . position available september 1. send resume and three references by june 1 to marion decked, academ ic dean, bethel college, north newton, ks 67117. c a t a l o g e r . catalogs m o n o g ra p h s in all subjects and lan­ guages. coordinates workflow of materials processed by oclc ter­ minal operators. establishes and maintains records for series classi­ fie d se p a ra te ly. r e q u ire d : a l a -a c c re d ite d mls, c a ta lo g in g proficiency in at least one foreign language, experience with lc classification and aacr2, know ledge of oclc cataloging proce­ dures. desired: two or more years relevant experience in an aca­ dem ic or research library. u ndergraduate degree in sciences or so­ c ia l s c ie n c e s . s u p e rv is o ry e x p e rie n c e . s a la ry ra n g e : $15,50 0-$16,920 . tiaa/cref, group life, medical, dental, 22 days vacation. appointm ent by july 2, 1984. apply by may 31 to: wilson snodgrass, associate director, central university libraries, south­ ern methodist university, dallas, tx 75275. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. ca talo g er , tozzer library. catalogs m onographs (including rare books), serials, and manuscripts in the field of anthropology. over half of the cataloging is original cataloging and serials catalog­ ing. duties include supervision of support and student staff, assisting in establishing and revising anthropological subject headings, par­ ticipation in library publication projects, catalog maintenance and other related duties. the tozzer library currently num bers 152,000 volumes in the fields of archaeology, biological and cultural anthro­ pology. it is an administrative unit of the harvard college library which consists of 9 library units serving the faculty of arts and sci­ ences. qualifications: mls; experience with oclc, original catalog­ ing, and aacr2; reading know ledge of at least two european lan­ guages; academ ic background in anthropology or willingness to study anthropology; supervisory experience desirable. as one of two catalogers in a research library, initiative and ability to work inde­ pendently are required. rank dependent on qualifications: librarian i: $16,800 minimum; librarian ii: $19,950 minimum. g ood benefits package. resumes to: karen n. mcfarlan, university personnel li­ brarian, harvard university library, cam bridge, ma 02138. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. c h em istry librarian, university of michigan libraries. under general supervision of the physical sciences librarian, m anages the chemistry library; handles the continuing developm ent of a colleca s s o c ia t e d ir e c t o r fo r p u b l ic s e r v ic e s university of michigan libraries senior administrative position, reporting to the director, responsible for the development of and evalua­ tion of public services activities for 31 service units with 10 department heads reporting directly. incumbent is responsible for policy development, evaluation, and planning for public services, divisional communica­ tion, faculty relations, resource allocation and personnel actions, and other administrative activities which maintain and enhance the provision of library services to the university community. participates in adminis­ trative decision-making for the library organization as a whole and in the absence of the director is in charge of the library. qualifications: substantial management and administrative experience in a research library with an em­ phasis on public services. demonstrated success in oral and written communication, analytical, budgeting and planning activities. knowledge and understanding of research library organization and interrelation­ ship of divisions and a sound grasp of issues and trends facing research libraries. knowledge of and expe­ rience with library automation. proven leadership ability with staff and in the profession. minimum salary of $55,000. applications received by june 30, 1984, will be given first consideration. apply to: library personnel office 404 hatcher graduate library university of michigan ann arbor, ml 48109 the university of michigan is a non-discrimmatory, affirmative action employer. 2 7 0 / c & r l n e w s tion of 50,000 volumes; perform s online bibliographic database searches, including chemical substructure searches; answers refer­ ence questions; hires, trains, and supervises the support staff of the library. maintains liaison with the departm ent of chemistry faculty; provides bibliographic instruction and assistance for chem istry stu­ dents and staff; performs related duties as assigned. required quali­ fications: accredited mls; undergraduate degree in the pure sci­ ences, including several courses in chemistry; formal training or e xp e rie n ce in b ib lio g ra p h ic database searching; dem onstrated managerial ability and interpersonal skills; previous library experi­ ence for which advanced training in chem istry may be substituted in part. desirable: undergraduate degree in chemistry; reading knowl­ edge of german and russian; some know ledge of com puter opera­ tions. salary dependent on directly relevant experience with a m ini­ mum of $18,000. applications received by june 15, 1984, will be given first consideration. apply to: library personnel office, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of m ichigan, ann arbor, ml 48109. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirma­ tive action employer. c u ra to r of rare books and literary m a n u sc r ipts , librarian ii (search reopened). plans, organizes, directs work with rare books and literary manuscripts; facilitates and prom otes use of collections in wide range of scholarly fields and in all european lan­ guages; analyzes collections; devises collection developm ent poli­ cies and programs; selects and solicits materials; administers con­ servation and preservation activities of special collections division; coordinates services with other units; provides public services. re­ quired: mls from ala-accredited school; minimum of four years professional academ ic or research library experience; broad com ­ mand of european languages sufficient for library purposes; dem on­ strated success in supervision and administration. preferred: ph.d. in history or literature. salary: $22,700 minimum, excellent fringe benefits. for full consideration, subm it resume and names of three references by june 29 to: virginia sojdehei, personnel librarian, m ckeldin library, university of m aryland, college park, md 20742. aa, eoe. directo r of th e library. theological institute in jerusalem seeks urgently to fill this position. the library holds 40,000 volumes, 50,000 microfiche, 400 periodicals and is expanding into areas of multi-faith peace issues. plans for com puterizing the collection are being considered. spacious 3-story building and m odern facilities. the post is vacant now and we hope to fill it before o ctober 1984. accom m odation and salary package is for negotiation. responsible for overall operation of the library as the prim ary research tool of the institute. this is an academ ic adm inistrative position and the candi­ date m ust have post-graduate librarian qualifications. an interest in ethical and religious approaches to ecumenism and peace in terms of world religion is expected, together with experience in directing an academ ic or research library or a m ajor unit of a large one. knowl­ edge of and skills in current library technology and com puter sys­ tems are desired. application with cv to: director of administration and finance, ecumenical institute for theological research, p.o. box 19556, jerusalem, israel. fine a r t s /h u m a n it ie s ca talo g er . position to be filled be tween june 15 and july 20, 1984. performs original cataloging in subject areas represented by library of congress classifications m, n, and p, and in other subject areas as required. reviews and up­ dates oclc contributed cataloging. participates actively in the for­ mation of departm ent policies and procedures. ala-accredited mls is required. an additional graduate degree in m usic is desired and is expected for tenure. also desirable are know ledge of catalog­ ing, the use of oclc, aacr2 and the lc classification schedules. starting salary $ 1 7 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 2 ,0 0 0 depending upon qualifications. tenure-eiigible. tiaa-cref, blue c ross/b lue shield or hmo. twenty-two days annual leave. send letter of application and resume by june 15, 1984, to alexander t. birrell, chair, search committee, box 68, w ichita state university, wichita, ks 67208. finalists will be invited for an expense-paid interview. wichita state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, a r ch itectu re and en viro nm en tal design li­ brary at arizona state university, where special collections in­ cludes material on paolo solen and frank lloyd wright. the library is contained within the college of the same name and is staffed by one professional (the head), one paraprofessional, and student assis­ tants. the librarian reports to the associate university librarian for public services and is responsible for m anagem ent of the branch, collection developm ent, reference and visitor assistance, biblio­ graphic instruction and liaison with the college and the main library. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; at least two years of public services experience in an academ ic or research library; d em ­ onstrated managerial, com m unication and interpersonal skills; sub­ ject expertise in one or more of the fields of architecture, interior de­ sign, landscape architecture, urban design and city planning. preferred: administrative experience in a branch, unit or dep art­ ment, preferably in an academ ic library. salary: dependent on quali­ fications and experience ($21,000 minimum). send letter of applica­ tion w hich addresses each of the qua lifications listed above, a current resume and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, assistant university librarian, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287, by may 31, 1984 (postmark accepted). copies of the com ­ plete announcem ent of vacancy may be requested from the same person. asu is a com mitted, equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities are encouraged to apply. head, cir c u la tio n services. the health sciences library at the university of north carolina at chapel hill is seeking a person to m anage the circulation, interlibrary lending and borrowing, and pho­ tocopy services of an active library. this position supervises 7 sup­ port staff and 6.5 fte student assistants and reports to the director. ala-accredited m aster’s, strong com m unications skills, dem on­ strated supervisory ability, and minimum 2 years experience re­ quired. health sciences library experience preferred. salary com ­ mensurate with experience; minimum $20,000. the health sciences library has a professional staff of 24 and a new 6 story building; it serves 5 professional schools (dentistry, m edicine, nursing, phar­ macy, and public health) and north carolina memorial hospital. send letter of application and curriculum vitae to: samuel hitt, direc­ tor health sciences library 223h, university of north carolina at chapel hill, chapel hill, nc 27514. deadline for applications june 15, 1984. minorities are encouraged to identify themselves. an af­ firmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, g rad ua te library, university of m ichigan libraries. this position, reporting to the associate director for public services, is responsible for the coordination of the following public service units in the graduate library: circulation, reference, governm ent documents, docum ent delivery (including interlibrary loan), area program s, and the library science library. the head of the g radu­ ate library will coordinate activities and com m unication am ong graduate library public service units as well as with other divisional libraries, be a prim ary liaison with faculty, and have coordinating re­ sponsibilities for collection developm ent, and for the m anagem ent activities for graduate library public services. qualifications: mana­ gerial experience in a research library with dem onstrated success in the areas of oral and written com m unication and analytical, budget­ ing, and planning activities. strong collection developm ent experi­ ence. knowledge and experience with automation and a good grasp of issues and trends facing research libraries. demonstrated success in working with faculty. ala-accredited mls required and an advanced degree in the humanities or social sciences desirable. minimum salary of $35,000. applications received by june 30, 1984, will be given first consideration. a p ply to: library personnel office, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of m ichigan, ann arbor, ml 48109. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. head librarian. immediate opening for full-time librarian to head m edical library holding approxim ately 20,000 volumes, 450 periodical titles and 650 audiovisual programs. responsible for 2 li­ brarians, 3 library technical assistants and other clerical and student support staff. to assist in planning new library facility. requirements include mls from accredited school; dem onstrated adm inistrative ability; familiarity with medline, oclc; medical library association certification or equivalent experience. prefer familiarity with aca­ dem ic libraries. this is a 12-month tenure-track faculty appointm ent. salary: $18 ,0 0 0 -$ 2 1 ,000. benefits include health insurance (includ­ ing dental) and pension plan. 4 weeks vacation. applicants should subm it resume and the names of 3 or more references to: search and screen committee, c/o joyce whitehead, national college of chiropractic, 200 east roosevelt road, lom bard, il 60148. dead­ line july 1, 1984. national college of c hiropractic is a professional school with approxim ately 1,000 students, 100 faculty, a postgradu­ ate division, three clinics and an in-patient facility. the college offers b.s. and doctor of chiropractic degrees and is accredited by the north central association and the council on c hiropractic educa­ tion. m a y 1984 / 271 head librarian (librarian iii), iowa state historical department, iowa city. supervise six librarians, budgeting, technical services, newspaper microfilming, reference, conservation program, manu­ script and photograph collections. must have leadership, planning, and com m unication skills. mls and 3 years supervisory experience required. american history background preferred. salary range: $ 2 1 ,900-$28,800. send resume and references by june 30 to: li­ brary search committee, iowa state historical department, 402 iowa ave., iowa city, ia 52240. aa/eoe. head of biblio graphic instruc tio n services. faculty, tenure-track position available in the university library. the head of bibliographic instruction services, a new position in the university library, coordinates the activities of librarians active in instruction; guides the developm ent of the university library bi program; and reports to the director of libraries. responsibilities include the exam­ ination of program s at other institutions, the application of com puter technology and av in bi, and the recom mendation of a multi-year phase developm ent for the library’s bi program. required: ala accredited mls; 5 years relevant library experience; second subject m aster’s or ph.d. preferred; dem onstrated leadership and supervi­ sory skills. appointm ent at assistant librarian rank or above (equiva­ lent to assistant professor). minimum salary $18,500, depending on education and experience. the university of south alabam a li­ braries are an area member of solinet/oclc and operate notis and integrated library systems with a full online catalog. benefits in­ clude: 20 days vacation, university subsidized insurance, state re­ tirement, tiaa/cref option. submit resume and names of 3 refer­ en ce s by j u n e 1, 1984, to: p a tricia g. ram age, c h airm an, university library search committee, library administration, uni­ versity of south alabama, mobile, al 36688. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of technical services. primary responsibilities: auto­ mated procedures, coordination of cataloging, acquisitions, and se­ rials as well as planning for online catalog and circulation systems. purchasing and fiscal control of materials budget. additional duties: part-time reference, some nights and weekends. collection develop­ ment in specified subject areas, faculty liaison. participates in long range planning, use studies and other special projects. require­ ments: ala-accredited library degree. additional graduate degree (or extensive experience) in com puter science and/or adm inistra­ tion. familiarity with academ ic library issues essential. 12-month contract. salary: minimum $20,000, depending on qualifications. send resume to: theresa taborsky, director, wolfgram memorial li­ seeking applications for brary, w idener university, chester, pa 19013. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, special co llections and archives. assistant or associate professor rank. starting date september 1, 1984. salary: negotiable, depending upon experience and qualifications. super­ vise one professional, two classified and several part-time staff. re­ quired: ala-accredited mls. desirable: second m aster’s degree. knowledge of the history of idaho and the pacific northwest. w ork­ ing knowledge of one or more european languages. experience in public relations, fund raising, special events, collection develop­ ment, archives and special collections, the book trade, and refer­ ence work. usual benefits. closing date: may 31, 1984. send re­ sume and names of four references to: richard j. beck, associate dean of libraries, university of idaho, moscow, id 83843. tele­ phone: (208) 885-6534. an aa/eo em ployer and educational institu­ tion. histo r y and po litic al science catalog er. position to be filled between june 15 and july 20,198 4. performs original cata­ loging in history and political science and in other subject areas as required. reviews and updates oclc contributed cataloging. par­ ticipates actively in the formation of departm ent policies and proce­ dures. ala-accredited mls required. an additional graduate de ­ gree in history, political science, or a related field is desired and is expected for tenure. also desired are knowledge of cataloging, the use of oclc, aacr2, and the lc classification schedules. starting salary $ 1 7 ,5 00-$2 2,0 00 for twelve months, depending upon qualifi­ cations. tenure-eligible. tiaa-cref, blue c ross/blue shield or hmo. twenty-two days annual leave. send letter of application and resume by june 15, 1984, to alexander t. birrell, chair, search committee, box 68, wichita state university, wichita, ks 67208. fi­ nalists will be invited for an expense-paid interview. wichita state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. library catalog er. university of wisconsin centers, library processing center. duties: catalogs print and non-print materials for 13 two-year centers. advises center librarians on cataloging mat­ ters. interacts with center librarians on uwc library issues, particu­ larly automation. requirements: ala-accredited mls, 2 years cata­ loging experience utilizing aacr2, lcsh and lc classification, oclc experience preferred, demonstrated interest in library auto­ mation. salary: $17,000 to $18,000, depending upon qualifications. starting date: 1 july 1984. send letter of application, resume, tran­ scripts and 3 current letters of reference to: paul g. koch, director, the university of akron • bierce library positions: bibliographer for arts, language and literature which includes the fields of art, music, theater, dance, communication, modern languages and english. bibliographer fo r physical sciences and engineering which includes the fields of chemistry, mathematics, physics, polymer science and engineering. responsibilities: collection development; serving as liaison to faculty; sharing in materials budget preparation; assisting with research problems; general and specialized reference; course-related bibliographic instruction; bibliographic searching; and, participating in the academic life of the university. qualifications: ala accredited mls; appropriate academic library experience; effective interpersonal skills; and, an ability to work with faculty and students from the associate to doctoral level. second graduate degree in a relevant subject area strongly preferred. salary: $16,000 $19,500. librarians have a 12-month contract with 22 days vacation, liberal fringe benefit package, faculty rank and eligibility for tenure. .the. send letter of application, vita and three letters of reference by june 1, 1984, to: d avid r. brink, chairp erson a rts l ib rarian s earch c o m m ittee bierce l ib rary th e u n iv ersity of a k ro n a k ro n , o h 4 4 3 2 5 m arg aret b. g uss, chairp erson science librarian search c o m m ittee bierce l ib rary the u niversity of a k ro n a k ro n , o h 4 4 3 2 5 the university of akron is an equal education and employment institution 2 7 2 / c & r l n e w s uw centers, library processing center, university drive, fond du lac, wl 54935. closing date: 30 may 1984. an eo/aa employer. m a n u sc r ipt librarian. the university of utah, marriott li­ brary, is looking for someone to m anage their collection of 800 man­ uscripts related to utah and the intermountain west and to supervise a staff of 6. responsible for accessioning, processsing and classify­ ing m anuscript materials following general m anuscript and archival principles. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school, m aster’s degree in history of the am erican west, and two years of directly applicable m anuscripts or archives experience. preferred qualifications include know ledge of utah history, supervisory experi­ ence, and dem onstrated public relations, writing, and verbal skills. salary $ 1 8 ,0 0 0 + dep ending on qualifications. send resume, a cover letter, and three references or a placement bureau address no later than may 30, 1984, to: janeal cooper, 328 marriott library, university of utah, salt lake city, ut 84112. the university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. m o n o g r a ph ic /m u sic catalog er. primarily responsible for perform ing original cataloging of m onographs in all subject areas and in all languages, plus assisting with music cataloging. reports to head of cataloging department. required: ala-accredited mls; know ledge of aacr1 and aacr2, lc subject headings and classifi­ cation, marc formats and cataloging conventions. preference may be given to candidates with: m onographic cataloging experience using an automated bibliographic utility; m usic cataloging experi­ ence or academ ic background in music; academ ic library experi­ ence or academ ic background in music; academ ic library experi­ ence; working know ledge of one foreign language. salary: minimum $15,020; negotiable, dep ending on qualifications and experience. twelve month tenure-track appointm ent; faculty rank. tiaa/cref. vacation of 22 working days. kansas state university, with an enroll­ ment of over 19,000, is located in the scenic flint hills of northeastern kansas. ksu libraries contains almost 1,000,000 cataloged vol­ umes and has a materials budget in excess of $1,500,000. deadline for application: june 15, 1984. send letter of application, resume, names, addresses and phone num bers of three relevant references to: ann scott, assistant director for administrative services, kansas state university libraries, manhattan, ks 66506. position available septem ber 1, 1984, or earlier. kansas state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. rec la ssific a tio n librarian. reclassification librarian to oversee the recataloging of the collection including reclassification and conversion to aacr2 in machine readable form. applicant must have m ajor interest in technical services and an excellent knowledge of marc formats and lc classification. entry level position for one year with excellent chan ces for renewal. mls required. salary $14,000 minimum. available summer 1984. send letter of applica­ tion, resume and the names of three references to sandra heine mann, catalog librarian, ham pden-sydney college, hampden sydney, va 23943. eoe/aa. reference librarian (h u m a n itie s). duties include general reference work in undergraduate institution, participation in active li­ brary instruction program , and collection developm ent in the areas of the humanities. online database searching also required. mls from ala-accredited institution and second m aster’s degree prefer­ red. experience in reference work, bibliographic instruction and on­ line database searching also highly desirable. g ood com m unica­ tions skills and the ability to work effectively in a team are essential. faculty appointm ent with responsibilities for research, publication and service. twelve-month contract with standard benefits and tiaa-cref. salary range $17,000-$20,000. position available a u­ gust 1, 1984. deadline for applications: may 30, 1984. send vitae with names of at least three references to: pauline hunsberger, helmke library, indiana university-purdue university at fort wayne, 2101 coliseum blvd. east, fort wayne, in 46805. ipfw is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em ployer and minorities and women are strongly encouraged to apply. reference libr arian /lib ra ry in st r u c tio n . michener library, university of northern colorado. duties include general ref­ erence; collection developm ent responsibilities; library instruction responsibilities at the freshman level; preparation of appropriate bib­ liographies, guides, and m edia presentation; participation in library and cam pus wide committee activities; assistance with other duties and projects as assigned. night and weekend work required. re­ ports to the coordinator of reference and collection development services. required of the applicant are a m aster’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; an additional m aster’s in education (or equivalent); a minimum of two years academ ic reference experi­ ence; and previous involvement in library instruction. 12-month ap ­ pointm ent with faculty rank and status, fringe benefits. salary com ­ mensurate with qualifications and experience. application deadline: july 1,1984 . letter of application, list of references, and current vita to: reference librarian/library instruction, c/o administration office, jam es a. m ichener library, university of n orthern c olorado, greeley, co 80639. telephone: (303) 351 -2601. an equal o pp ortu­ nity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian. primary responsibilities are traditional reference service to students and faculty, online database search­ ing, user instruction. collection developm ent and faculty liaison for specified disciplines. some weekend and night duty. participates in all library projects; e.g., evaluation of collection and services, plan­ ning, etc. reports to head of reference services. requirements: ala-accredited degree in library or information sciences. familiarity with com puter applications, subject background in social sciences (teacher education) or sciences is desirable. salary: m inim um $14,000, depending on qualifications. 12-month contract. send re­ sume, placem ent file or three letters of reference, and transcript for recent graduates, to: theresa taborsky, director, wolfgram m em o­ rial library, w idener university, chester, pa 19013. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian. reference librarian for small liberal arts college library. responsibilities include supervision of all public ser­ vices in the library, including inter-library loan, governm ent d o cu ­ ments, library instruction, stack maintenance and circulation. mls required, additional advanced degree preferred. previous experi­ ence helpful, but not necessary. salary $17,000 minimum. available summer 1984. send letter of application, resume and the names of three references to: john ryland, librarian, ham pden-sydney col­ lege, hampden-sydney, va 23943. eoe/aa. reference librarians. two new positions at harvard law li­ brary. responsibilities include reference services to faculty and stu­ dents, online database searching, legal research instruction, and participation in developm ent of anglo-am erican collections. re­ quirements: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of anglo-am erican le­ gal resources; strong interpersonal skills. preference will be given to candidates with significant legal reference experience or a j.d.; ex­ perience in database searching; know ledge of law-related social sci­ ence resources; dem onstrated ability to work as a m em ber of a te a m . s a la ry a n d ra n k d e p e n d e n t u p o n q u a lific a tio n s ; $ 1 7,500-$2 5,0 00. harvard law library, with a staff of 80 and a re­ search collection of 1.4 million volumes, serves a law school of 2,200 as well as a university and international legal research community. send resumes and names of 3 references before may 29, 1984, to: joan howland, chair, search committee, harvard law school li­ brary, langdell hall, cam bridge, ma 02138. harvard university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. sc ienc e/eng ineering reference librarian. the univer­ sity of arizona library is seeking a professional librarian to provide reference, online searching, and bibliographic instruction services in its science-engineering library. additional responsibilities include collection development, faculty liaison work, and the possibility of co­ o rd in a tin g one or m ore se rv ic e a c tiv itie s w ith in the science engineering library. a separate branch of the university library, the science-engineering library occupies a 5-story building in the cen­ ter of cam pus and houses a collection of 350,000 volumes and over one million microforms, covering all fields of the pure and applied sciences, except clinical m edicine. required: ala-accredited de­ gree; either an academ ic background in sciences, or public service experience in an academ ic science library or special library; good com m u nica tion and interpersonal skills. preferred: educational background or library experience in the life sciences and chemistry, online searching in bibliographic instruction experience. desired: working know ledge of spanish, german, or russian. position avail­ able july 15. minimum salary is $16,500; higher salary is negotiable dep ending upon qualifications and experience. librarians at the university of arizona have 12 month appointments, are voting m em ­ bers of the faculty, have 22 days' vacation and 12 days’ sick leave. usual fringe benefits available. application deadline: june 15. send resume, including list of 3 references, to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. an equal opportunity, affirmative action, title ix, section 504 employer. m a y 1984 / 273 senior science cataloging specialist, university of michigan libraries. performs original, descriptive and subject cata­ loging of science monographs and subject analysis and classifica­ tion for monographs which have been descriptively cataloged by other staff. resolve complicated catalog problems; trains other staff; serves as liaison between the monographic catalog division and the divisional science library; and participates in various projects and studies. required qualifications: accredited mls. previous catalog­ ing experience in a large academic library, knowledge of aacr2, lc subject headings and classification, experience using com puter­ ized bibliographic utilities such as rlin, oclc. demonstrated inter­ personal skills and working knowledge of french. desired: aca­ demic background in the sciences and previous experience as a cataloging trainer. salary dependent on directly relevant experience with a minimum of $18,000. applications received by june 15,1984, will be given first consideration. apply to: library personnel office, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirm­ ative action employer. social sciences bibliographer. serves as bibliographer for sociology, psychology and other social sciences to be deter­ mined. responsible for collection development, management and evaluation of those collections. serves as liaison with corresponding academic departments and provides in-depth bibliographic instruc­ tion for them. scheduled for selected hours of reference and/or com ­ puter search services. also acts as campus official representative for inter-university consortium for political and social research; may be asked to expand library involvement with non-bibliographic data­ bases, coordinating library activities with campus research and com ­ puting centers. reports to head, collection development. library faculty at sunya are expected to fulfill faculty obligations in the ar­ eas of contributions to the advancement of the profession and uni­ versity service as well as specific library assignment. oualifications: m ls from an ala-accredited school. graduate degree or equivalent in social sciences. ability to communicate effectively with students, faculty and library staff. salary and rank: commensurate with educa­ tion and experience; salary from $16,500 depending on qualifica­ tions. send letter of application, current resume, names and ad­ dresses of three references to: deborah duchala, library personnel officer, university libraries, room 140, state university of new york at albany, 1400 washington avenue, albany, ny 12222. inquiries should be received by may 31, 1984. suny at albany is an equal employment opportunity, affirmative action employer. applications from women, minorities and handicapped are especially welcome. technical services librarian. masters in library science, experience in cataloging and oclc required; acquisitions experi­ ence with microcomputer applications to technical services, and teaching experience desirable. duties: supervise work of three para­ professionals in technical services, do original cataloging, develop and implement policies and procedures, teach approximately one class per year in cataloging. salary range $15,000 to $19,000. apply before may 31, 1984, to john robson, head librarian, nebraska wesleyan university, 50th and st. paul, lincoln, ne 68504. late job listings assistant acquisitions librarian, assist head librarian in the daily operation of the acquisitions department. the assistant will participate in all aspects of the departmental operation, including staff training and evaluation, statistical report preparation, long-range planning and goal setting, liaison activities with other units of the general libraries, and other administrative duties as assigned. administers the department in the absence of the head librarian. the acquisitions department is responsible for all monographic and serial acquisitions within the general libraries of the university of texas at austin. for 1983/84 the library materials budget is approximately $3.2 million, with $1.5 million designated for monographic acquisitions and $1.7 million for serials acquisitions. the department presently has a total of 26 fte classified staff, with 16 fte assigned to the monographic acquisitions section and 10 fte assigned to the serials acquisitions section, with additional part-time student assistants. required: mls from an ala-accredited program; substantial recent professional experience in a monographic or serials acquisitions department of a medium to large academic library; working knowledge of oclc or a similar database. preferred: previous supervisory and/or management experience; experience with an automated acquisitions or serials control system; reading knowledge of a modern western european language. salary: dependent on qualifications; (range) $19,ooo-$23,ooo. no state or local income tax. competitive benefits package. retirement plan options. attractive local economic and cultural climate. to insure consideration, applications should be received by may 31, 1984. send letter of application and resume, including the names of three professional references and a statement of salary requirements to: linda vice, general libraries, pcl 3.200, the university of texas at austin, austin tx 78712. please also indicate if you will be available for an interview at ala in dallas. the university of texas at austin is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant head, public documents and maps department,. assist head in promoting use of collection and planning, implementing improved access to materials. provides reference services. maintains and develops state and international document and map collections. supervises 1 fte. requirements: 274 / c & r l n e w s ala-accredited mls; minimum 2 years professional reference experience in an academic library or in a government depository collection with minimum of 50% selection; working knowledge of u.s. documents. must have successfully demonstrated organizational and supervisory skills as well as effective written, speaking and interpersonal skills. benefits: academic ranks, tiaa/cref and other retirement options, excellent health care programs, and 20 days vacation. expected salary range: $19,000-$26,000. by june 1, 1984, send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references to: ann stone, personnel librarian, duke university, durham, nc 27706. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. assistant special collections librarian, university of nevada, las vegas. special collections contains materials pertaining to southern nevada, gaming industry, culinary arts, and the unlv archives. responsibilities: acquire, arrange, describe, and provide access to manuscript collections and archival records of unlv; develop nevada collection; participate in reference desk and exhibit schedule; and perform other duties as assigned. qualifications: ala-accredited degree and formal archival and/or manuscript training required; and advanced subject degree in an appropriate field such as u.s. history or political science and substantial experience in processing manuscripts preferred; interest in computer applications for cataloging and indexing archival and manuscript collections desirable, effective communication skills; ability to establish and maintain harmonious working relationships with staff, donors, and patrons; and ability to organize, analyze, and plan efficiently are essential. minimum salary: $16,800. tenure-track, faculty status, 12-month appointment, 24 days vacation, fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references by may 31, 1984, to: mary dale palsson, director of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, 4505 maryland parkway, las vegas, nv 89154. the university of nevada; las vegas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action title ix, 504,402 employer. automated cataloging librarian. participates with the head librarian, automated cataloging, and 3 high level paraprofessionals, in departmental planning, formulation of policies and procedures, personnel management and staff training. responsible for special projects as well as participating in all aspects of daily operational production. additional duties include: maintaining oclc related automated equipment and associated supplies. administers the department in the absence of the head librarian. the automated cataloging department is one of three major processing departments of bibliographic control division. it provides complete processing services for monographs with machine-readable copy available through oclc; in addition, some processing of non-roman language materials is provided. searching, edit­ cataloging, data entry, authority control, end processing and non-roman card production of approximately 65,000 titles per year is supported by a permanent staff of 25 fte, and student assistants. required: mls from an ala-accredited program; professional library experience in a medium to large academic library with cataloging monographs using aacr2; experience with an online cataloging system (oclc preferred) and the marc formats for bibliographic data. effective written and oral communication skills. effective interpersonal skills. working orientation towards combining quality with high production levels. preferred: supervisory experience. knowledge of and/or experience with authority control systems and procedures, either manual or online. salary: dependent on qualifications; (range) $19,000-$23,000. no state or local income tax. competitive benefits package. retirement plan options. attractive local economic and cultural climate. to insure consideration, applications should be received by may 31, 1984. send letter of application and resume, including the names of three professional references and a statement of salary requirements to: linda vice, general m a y 1984 / 275 libraries, pcl 3.200, the university of texas at austin, austin, tx 78712. please also indicate if you will be available for an interview at ala in dallas. the university of texas at austin is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog department head. selection, training, supervision, evaluation of departmental personnel (18 clerical, 6.75 cataloger-facuity). study of department reorganization alternatives for departmental activities using lc, oclc, clsi online catalog. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls; 5 years cataloging experience; reading knowledge of one foreign language; effective managerial/interpersonal skills; commitment to scholarship. preferred: additional graduate degree; automated catalog systems experience. faculty rank; 12-month tenure-track; 24 days annual leave; 12 days annual sick-leave; state paid retirement plan; group insurance. minimum salary: $22,000. send application and 3 letters of reference by june 8, 1984, to: a. r. huggins, coordinator of technical services, memphis state university libraries, memphis, tn 38152. ee0/aa employer, m/f. chief, humanities and history division. columbia university libraries. this position has primary responsibility for the public services activities and operations of one of three major divisions, including columbia university’s major collection of over 1.5 million volumes in the humanities and history and pre-1974 social sciences. the division includes butler library, which houses the instructional and sls libraries, and the music and paterno libraries. the incumbent will report directly to the director of the library resources group and is expected to ensure the effective continuation of current service activities while continuing the development of innovative services and programs, including: exploration with faculty of new approaches to information services; expanding access to computer-based data systems; and developing the application of video, audiovisual, and computer-based bibliographic instruction. the incumbent is also responsible for coordinating, with the staff of the resources group, collection development objectives to ensure an effective program of collection building, organization, and preservation. requirements for the position: accredited mls or equivalent relevant experience required, graduate subject degree desirable. demonstrated evidence of imagination, leadership, and managerial skills are essential and will be sought in all cases. knowledge and understanding of the process of scholarly communication and of the complexities of a major research library are also essential. candidates with 5 years administrative experience in pertinent areas of library operations will be sought, with special attention given to responsibility for public service activities. salary ranges: librarian ii: $28,500-$37,050; librarian iii: $31,500-$45,675. applications or nominations should be submitted in writing to: box 35, butler library, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is june 8, 1984. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. general reference librarian i. drexel university, hagerty library. the requirements are an ala-mls; typical beginning reference responsibilities, including database searching, or as assigned. experience is not necessary, but will be favorably considered. applicants must have the ability to work and communicate effectively with staff, faculty, and students. the starting salary is $16,000 per year with academic rank, retirement and illness benefits. deadline for applications is may 30, 1984, with a starting date of july 1, 1984. send resumes to: lucille r. jones, head of administrative services, hagerty library, drexel university, 32nd and chestnut streets, philadelphia, pa 19104. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 276 / c & r l n e w s government documents librarian. primary responsibility to administer u.s. and florida depository collections. will also assist in providing online and general reference services. available june 15, 1984. ala-accredited mls required and courses or experience in documents and databases preferred. entry-level position, 12-month faculty appointment, instructor rank, 20 days annual leave. send letter and resume with names of references by may 30, 1984, to: sims kline, director, stetson university library, deland, fl 32720. government documents librarian, university of nevada, las vegas. duties: coordinating the documents reference service; performing library orientation/instruction and online searching; collection development, acquisitions and bibliographic control for federal, state, local and international documents; supervising two classified staff and several student assistants; developing goals and objectives for the government documents collection; producing bibliographic guides; and participating in evening and weekend rotation for general reference desk duty. requirements: ala-accredited mls; 3 years academic library experience (2 of which must be in a documents collection); demonstrated supervisory, planning and communication skills; knowledge of federal and international organization documents and general reference sources and the ability to relate harmoniously with users and staff. understanding of online searching and an advanced subject degree are desirable. minimum salary: $21,000. tenure-track, faculty status, 12-month appointment, 24 days vacation, fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume and names of 3 references by may 31, 1984, to: mary dale palsson, director of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas nv 89154. the university of nevada, las vegas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action title ix, 504,402 employer. head, hunt library. carnegie-mellon university libraries. the head of hunt library serves as principal manager of the public service units of the hunt library, which serves the college of humanities and social sciences, the college of fine arts, the graduate school of industrial administration, and the school of urban and public affairs. hunt library consists of 4 departments: reference, circulation, fine arts, and music. in addition to general administrative responsibilities, the head of hunt library will participate in the planning and development of interactive information services and the introduction of the online catalog and automated circulation system in hunt library. the head of hunt library participates in the administrative group of the university library system. the staff of hunt library consists of 7.5 fte librarians, 9 fte support staff, and student assistants. the position reports to the director of university libraries and is open july 1, 1984. qualifications: mls, minimum of 5 years public services experience in an academic library, including the supervision of professional and support staff; demonstrated managerial skills; evidence of creativity and initiative; knowledge and experience in the applications of computing technologies in libraries; an ability to interact effectively with faculty, students, and staff; and successful experience in implementing new information services. preferred: experience with online database services and/or interactive information systems, bibliographic instruction, and computer literacy. salary is dependent upon qualifications and experience with a minimum of $27,000. usual academic fringe benefits apply. applications: letter of application, resume and names of three references should be sent to: pat smith, personnel services, carnegie-mellon university, 5000 forbes avenue, pittsburgh, pa 15213. closing date for mail applications is june 15, 1984. cmu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. judaica librarian. research library in new york city. primary responsibilities are in technical services, with some reference and public m a y 1984 / 277 services. mls and knowledge of hebrew required. experience desirable. salary commensurate with experience; liberal fringe benefits. available: august 1, 1984. salary range: $15,000-$17,000. send letter of application and resume with three references and/or placement dossier to: philip e. miller, librarian, klau library, hebrew union college-jewish institute of religion, one west fourth street, new york, ny 10012. library automation coordinator. responsible for providing technical expertise in evaluating the library’s requirements for automation and, thereafter, in planning, coordinating, and implementing a comprehensive automated library system. qualifications: experience with automated library systems essential, and a familiarity with programming, system design and organization and tele­ communications desirable; ala-accredited mls or degree in computer science; problem solving and communication skills; ability to work well with all levels of staff. faculty rank on a tenure-track. salary: $19,500 minimum and fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume with a description of experience in library automation, and three letters of reference to: director’s office, olson library, northern michigan university, marquette, mi 49855. deadline: july 1, 1984. nmu is an eo/aa employer. non-print librarian. drexel university, hagerty library. the requirements are an ala/mls; at least 2 years professional experience, preferably including some management responsibility in an academic library, and an appropriate technical background or interest. the librarian works with faculty and students on non-print services and operations related to selection and maintenance of av/tv materials and equipment; maintains the microform collections, including documents and journals; and has general reference desk duties. applicants must have the ability to work and communicate effectively with staff, faculty, and students. the starting salary is $19,000 per year (a higher salary may be available depending on qualifications), with academic status, retirement and illness benefits. deadline for applications is may 30, 1984, with a starting date of july 1, 1984. send resumes to: lucille r. jones, head of administrative services, hagerty library, drexel university, 32nd and chestnut streets, philadelphia, pa 19104. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. orientation/instruction librarian, university of nevada, las vegas. duties: planning, developing, coordinating and evaluating the orientation/instruction program, preparing library guides and audiovisual instruction aids, coordinating new staff orientation, teaching college of education library science courses and participating in general reference desk duty and database searching. requirements: ala-accredited mls; 2 years academic library experience; demonstrated planning and communication skills; knowledge of reference sources; experience in library instruction and ability to relate harmoniously with users and staff. understanding of online searching and an advanced degree in a subject area are desirable. minimum salary: $19,000. tenure-track, faculty status, 12-month appointment, 24 days vacation, fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume and names of 3 references by may 31, 1984, to: mary dale palsson, director of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, 4505 maryland parkway, las vegas, nv 89154. the university of nevada, las vegas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action title ix, 504,402 employer. reference librarian. provides reference services and bibliographic instruction and performs online bibliographic searches. has supervisory, training, and budgetary responsibility for the information desk and reference department student assistants. directly supervises approximately twelve undergraduate and graduate student assistants. qualifications: mls from an 2 7 8 / c & r l n e w s accredited library school required; other advanced degree and supervisory experience desirable. training in online searching or other computer background highly desirable. good communication and supervisory skills and the ability to work effectively with colleagues and library users. salary: $16,000-$18,000. send letter of application and resume, including names of three references, to: lance query, director of library research, analysis, and personnel, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60201. applications received by june 29, 1984, will be considered. an eo/aa employer. social science reference librarian/bibliographer. responsible for the library’s collection development in assigned social science disciplines and business technology, including approval plans, firm orders, gifts and serials. provides service at the reference desk, including some weekend and evening hours. participates in an active program of library instruction and computerized database searching in the disciplines of selection responsibility. requires a master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school and an undergraduate degree in a social science discipline or professional reference experience. $15,500-$19,500 hiring range depending on qualifications plus 3% increase september 1, 1984. excellent benefits including choice of retirement programs. the university of houston-university park libraries have 1.4 million volumes, a materials budget of $2 million, and a staff of 59 professionals and 180 support staff. to ensure consideration, applications must be received by june 30, 1984. send letter of application, names of 3 references, and resume to: dana rooks, assistant to the director for administration, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. university librarian. clark university invites nominations and applications for the position of university librarian. the university librarian oversees a research collection of 440,000 volumes and approximately 2,000 subscriptions designed to support graduate and undergraduate education in the liberal arts and sciences including a new science library facility to open in september. clark university is a member of the american association of universities. the library is a member of the oclc, worcester area cooperating libraries and nelinet. the university librarian reports to the provost and vice president for academic affairs. responsibilities: the university librarian provides leadership in library policy, administration and budget; assumes responsibility within a collegial structure for planning, directing, coordinating and evaluating all facets of library operations, including development of personnel, collections, services and facilities and support groups utilizing traditional as well as new techniques; represents the library on university committees and in local, regional and national library consortia. qualifications: ala-accredited mls required. additional advanced subject area degree preferred. eight years of responsible experience in an academic research library with a minimum of five years in administrative positions, v strong commitment to excellent library services for students, faculty and staff. knowledge of current trends arid applications of appropriate information technologies. demonstrated leadership ability; superior communication skills; experience in grants solicitation. please direct all nominations and applications to: douglas astolfi, chair, library search committee, clark university, 950 main street, worcester, ma 01610. clark university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. a n u n p r e c e d e n te d re so u rc e f r o m th e **■w o r l d ’s la r g e s t l i b r a r y ” — t he m ain c a ta lo g o f th e l ib ra ry o f c on gress 1 8 9 8 —1 9 8 0 on m ic ro fic h e • complete dictionary catalog with author, title, subject, series and related entries in a single alphabetical sequence. • 25,000,000 entries covering 7^2 million items—books, pamphlets, periodicals and other serials cataloged by the library of congress. • complete bibliographic descriptions reproduced in their entirety. • subject access unavailable in the n ational union catalog. publication in installments 1984—1987. silver halide and diazo editions available; reduction ratio 48:1. both 105mm roll fiche and standard 105mm x 148mm format in preparation. r o llfich e.............$14,900* standard fiche . .$15,900* * prices fo r silver halide edition, paym ent in fu ll on receipt o ffirst shipment for diazo edition a nd other paym ent options, please inquire. a detailed brochure is now in preparation; please con­ tact walter ja ffe at 212 982-1302 for more information. k.g. s a u r in c . 1 7 5 f ifth a ven u e n .y ., n.y. 1 0 0 1 0 gale research co. new reference books published and distributed by gale call or write for our complete catalog european marketing data and statistics 1984. presents the results of continuous a n a lysis of availa ble s ta tis tic s on 26 european co un trie s. some 300 tables furnish at-a-glance comparisons between the countries. fifteen sections cover broad areas such as population, employment, trade, standard of living, consum er ex­ penditure, and more. $225.00. (so) international marketing data and statistics 1984. provides comparative statistical data on 100 countries located in asia, africa, australasia, and the americas. some 300 tables arranged in topical sections cover such areas of in te re st as p o p u la tio n , e m p lo ym e n t, p ro d u c tio n , trade, c o n ­ sum ption, standard of living, economy, and more. $225.00. (so) o fficial export guide 1984. provides essential inform ation fo r american ex­ porters on principal ports of the world, e x p o rt co m m o d itie s, e xport a d m in is ­ tra tio n r e g u la tio n s, and g o ve rn m e n t forms. for each port, the work provides details about its customs offices, port authorities, chambers of commerce, and more. fully reproduced and indexed are the entire export adm inistration regu­ lations governing the operations of ex­ p o rte rs. also in c lu d e d are num erous sample forms, with instructions for filling them out. $259.00. (so) custom house guide 1984. updated a n n u a lly , th is g uide provides c u rre n t inform ation on principal u.s. customs ports of entry, im port commodities, tariff schedules, and u.s. customs regulations. also includes the com plete text of the t ariff schedules of the u.s. and an index of over 30,000 com m odities and goods listed in the schedules. $259.00. (so) computer publishers and publications 1984. new sourcebook provides detailed inform ation on publishers of com puter books and periodicals, recommended titles fo r core c o lle c tio n s and b oo ksto re s, in d u s tr y tre n d s and s ta tis tic s , and com puter manufacturers as publishers. $90.00. (so) a m erican firms im porting from the people’s republic of china. 2nd ed. updated directory provides names and addresses of some 2400 u.s. firms engaged in im porting from china. the work also includes a product index listing over 450 categories of products and the firm s that im port them as well as a countertrade index giving the names of firm s who have participated in or are interested in par­ ticipating in countertrade arrangements with china. $85.00. (so) china’s provinces: an organizational and statistical guide. 1st ed. this guide covers each of china’s 29 provinces in great detail, providing inform ation useful to the potential im porter or exporter. each pro­ vince iscovered in a separate chapter that includes a background survey, adm inis­ trative details, and hundreds of statistics. over 50,000 entries cover m ajor organi­ za tio n s, c hinese o ffic ia ls , local g o v ­ ernment agencies, foreign trade corpora­ tio n s , in d u s tr ia l c o rp o r a tio n s , lo c a l banking and insurance agents, and much more. $235.00. (so) international foundation directory. 3rd ed. emphasizes foundations, trusts, and other n on -p ro fit institutions that operate on an international basis. covering over700 institutions in 45 countries, entries ty p i­ c a lly p rovide fu ll name and address, founding date, brief history and descrip­ tion of activities, financial data (if avail­ able), names of officers, publications, and other details. $78,00. (so) (so) these titles are available at gale’s 5% standing order discount. all gale books are sent on 60-day approval. deduct 5% if you send check with order. customers outside the u.s. and canada add 10%. gale research co. book tower • detroit, ml 48226 to order by phone: 1-800-521-0707 tollfree. in canada, michigan, alaska, and hawaii: 1-313-961-2242. acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries may 1991 / 337 thed classified as deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the a c r l office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $6.00 per line for a c r l members, $7.60 for others. late job notices are $14.50 per line for members, $17.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a written order mailed to a c r l headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary figure. job announce­ ments will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. appli­ cants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for academic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the sen/ice is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. contact: classified advertising department, acrl, ameri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795; (312) 280-2513. a la policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications or placement services comply with ala anti-discrimination policies. policy 54.3 states that “ala is committed to equality of opportunity for all library employees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life-style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala services, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. positions open a c c e s s services r e fer e n c e librarian. full-time faculty position (12-month contract year) to manage circulation and peri­ odicals/non-print service units (including ill, reserves, and stack maintenance). will also share scheduled reference sen/ice approximately 25% of time, including some evening and weekend duty. preference given to those able to assume responsibilities for government documents reference and maintenance of depository program. bibliographic instruction and online searching are in­ cluded among reference duties. supervises access services staff (3.5 fte library assistants plus student employees). assists in access services policy development and evaluation of services. will also assist to plan and implement future automated circulation system. requires ala-accredited mls, strong service commit­ ment, and effective organizational and communication skills. experience preferred, but will consider those with limited experi­ ence and potential for success. appointment at assistant or asso­ ciate librarian rank in salary range $23,967-$34,433 depending on qualifications. full employee benefits package. apply with letter, resume, and 3 work-related references by june 17,1991, to: fred e. hearth, director, armacost library, university of redlands, 1249 e. colton ave, redlands, ca, 92374. assistant director for techn ical serv ices and co llectio n m anag em ent, washington state university. currently open. reporting to the director of libraries and serving in the libraries' director’s council, this position administers the technical services division, comprised of the acquisitions/serials unit and the bibliographic control unit (with 10 faculty and 49 classified staff positions), which is responsible for acquiring, cataloging, and preserving the collections of the libraries in sup­ port of the university’s programs of teaching, research and exten­ sion. the primary function of the position is to provide leadership in planning, implementing, and evaluating divisional operations and services in accordance with library and divisional goals and objec­ tives. the assistant director serves as the principal liaison with the western library network (wln) and takes an active role in the development and enhancement of a locally developed integrated online system with online catalog, circulation, and serials control components operation. (a local acquisition system is being devel­ oped.) librarians are appointed as members of the washington state university faculty and are expected to participate actively in the university’s instructional, research and service programs. all privileges, obligations, and research responsibilities of faculty are inherent in such membership. librarians are ranked in grades 2,3, and 4, equivalent to the academic ranks of assistant professor, associate professor and professor. a progressive record of pro­ fessional/scholarly achievement is expected of all librarians. required: ala-accredited m ls or its foreign equivalent; progres­ sively responsible technical services experience, including man­ agement or supervision of at least one technical services unit (e.g., acquisitions, serials, cataloging); experience with an online biblio­ graphic utility. preferred: experience in an academic or research library; experience in local library automated systems; positive public relations experience; demonstrated leadership within the library profession; demonstrated verbal and written communica­ tions skills. salary: from $40,000, commensurate with qualifica­ tions and experience. rank: librarian 2 or above; tenure-track status. benefits: tiaa/cref, broad insurance program, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year sick leave. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, associate director for administrative services, washington state university libraries, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application re­ view begins: june 14, 1991. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action educator and employer. members of ethnic minorities, women, vietnam-era or disabled veterans, persons of disability, and/or persons between the ages of 40-70 are encouraged to apply. assistant law librarian. responsible to the law librarian. works with other members of the staff in giving legal and docu­ ments reference service. aids in the use of lexis and westlaw. works on special projects as they arise. willing to work one evening a week. department: the law library, with its collection of over 460,000 volumes and an acquisitions budget of over $635,000 annually, serves a student body of approximately 650, a faculty of 36, the local bar, and the general public. the staff consists of 6 professional librarians, 2 graduate assistants, 11 full­ time clerical assistants, and approximately 25 student assistants. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent degree; coursework or experience in legal research; evidence of ability to deal effectively with a research oriented faculty and student body; evidence of research orientation and ability to meet university requirements for promotion and tenure. preferred: prior law library public service experience and experience with lexis and westlaw; j.d. degree from an aba accredited law school, or its equivalent. salary/rank: $23,500 upward, depending on qualifications and experience. appointment as assistant professor, librarians must engage in research, publi­ cation, and university/professional/community service and dem­ onstrate satisfactory job performance in order to meet university standards for tenure and promotion. application/deadline: send letter of application and complete resume with the names, ad338 / c&rl news dresses, and telephone numbers of five references to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, university of illinois library (u-c) 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il, 61801; (217) 333 5494, by june 15, 1991. the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. assistant librarian in public services. provides serv­ ices to patrons in reference, interlibrary loan, bibliographic instruc­ tion, and periodicals. som e evening and weekend work. ala accredited m ls required. experience with online database search­ ing highly desirable. nine-month position, available august 1991. s alary dependent on education and experience, minimum $20,000. successful applicant will have a strong commitment and desire to support the christian liberal arts philosophy of the col­ lege. send letters of application and resumes to richard l. hol emon, vice president for academic affairs, greenville college, greenville, il 62246. greenville college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant reader services librarian. library seeks a person to combine the administration of the resen/e room with other duties in the reader services area such as reference duty (including weekend and evening assignments) and online search­ ing. qualifications include an m ls degree from an ala-accredited institution with a minimum of two years academic experience; experience with dialog and o c l c preferred. this is a tenure track position with appointment at the instructor or assistant professor level depending upon education and experience: salary range $22,160-$29,696. excellent fringe benefits. position open august, 1991. application deadline: june 1 ‚ 1991 ‚ or until position is filled. submit letter of application, resume and names, telephone num­ bers and addresses of three professional references to: esther jane carrier, library search committee, lock haven university, lock haven, p a 17745. lock haven university is an equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. a s s o c ia t e librarian, co o p e r a t iv e a c c e s s services, michigan information transfer source (mits). duties: responsible for planning and direction of mits which includes: budget planning and fiscal management; developing policies for service; preparing marketing plan; promoting the mits service to potential clients in business and industry; representing mits to individuals and groups at the local, state, and national level. direct supervision of .5 librarian, 2 tlas, 1 clerical; indirect supervision of 1 clerical and 3 ft e students. performs database searches, designs research projects for clients, and provides bibliographic expertise to identify materials requested. qualifications required: ala-accredited mls. 3 years post m ls experience. good interper­ sonal and communication skills; ability to relate well to supervisor, co-workers, students and clients; creativity and flexibility; ability to deal with changing priorities based on clients’ needs; demon­ strated organizational skills and the ability to make decisions. reference and database searching experience, and supervisory experience. interest in, and knowledge of, information systems and databases. desired: 5 years experience in a large research library; budget and planning experience; background in dealing with clientele similar to the primary clientele of mits (business, technology, etc.); marketing and/or promotion skills and experi­ ence. good writing skills. working knowledge of western euro­ pean language to assist in bibliographic verification. salary and leave: minimum salary of $29,000; 24 working days of vacation a year; 15 days of sick leave a year with provisions for extended benefits. apply to: maurice b. wheeler, staff development and professional recruitment, 411 hatcher graduate library north, university of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109-1205. application deadline: applications received by may 30,1991 ‚ will be given first consideration. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. automation/public services librarian. a 12-month faculty appointment, beginning july 1,1991. primarily responsible for continuing implementation, management and maintenance of keynotis (turnkey integrated library system), cd -ro m s and commercial online databases. requirements include ala-mls, with an additional graduate degree preferred; minimum 3 years academic library experience; thorough knowledge of integrated library systems and expertise in online database searching using dialog or brs. salary range between $30,000 and $36,000, depending on experience and education. messiah college is a christian college in the anabaptist and evangelical tradition. send letter of inquiry with vita to: jonathan lauer, director, murray learning resources center, messiah college, grantham, pa 17027. eeo/aa. bibliographer/reference librarian. science and engi­ neering library, university of minnesota. the science and engi­ neering library of the university of minnesota serves the research and instructional information needs of faculty, staff, graduate students, and undergraduates in engineering and the physical sciences. the collection includes materials in all formats covering the fields of astronomy, chemistry, computer science, engineering, theology, history of science, and physics. the library has more than 4,000 serials subscriptions and contains more than 450,000 volumes. the science reference/bibliographer provides refer­ ence assistance and bibliographic instruction to the clientele of the science and engineering library and carries out collection devel­ opment responsibilities in assigned subject areas.some weekend or evening work mqy be reequired. specific areas of responsibility include performance of reference, research, and instruction servsalary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for govern­ mental agencies that employ librarians. the recommenda­ tions are advisory only, and a la has not adopted recom­ mendations for minimum salaries. for information on librar­ ian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended minimums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15, 1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey o f librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual c u p a administra­ tive compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel resources. connecticut $27,000 indiana varies* iowa $20,580 kansas $17,500* louisiana $20,000 maine varies* massachusetts $27,554* new jersey $24,200 new york varies* north carolina $20,832 ohio $20,024 pennsylvania $23,700* rhode island $23,750 south carolina varies* south dakota $20,000 vermont $21,500 west virginia $20,000 wisconsin $24,837 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a profes­ sional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. university of california, san diego the university library the library at the university of california, san diego, invites applications for the following two positions. ucsd is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and specifically seeks candidates who can make contributions in an environment of cultural and ethnic diversity. 1) head, cataloging services, biomedical l ibrary. rank: assistant li­ brarian, $28,668 36,696. responsibilities: under general direction o f the head of technical services, the head of cataloging services will provide management and leadership for the section, including supervision of two support staff, and some original cataloging. responsible for formulating and implementing cataloging policy and proce­ dures and coordinating activities with library’s acquisitions/serials and public services operations, with other ucsd library departments, and with outside networks. partici­ pates in biomedical library administration. takes lead responsibility for integrating additional biomedical databases into the library’s information system. maintains an awareness of national and uc systemwide issues regarding academic information management, bibliographic control and automation of library catalogs and contributes to the identification and resolution of issues through appropriate professional activities. qualifications: required: mls degree; cataloging experience; evidence of strong organizational and leadership skills with potential for assuming a supervisory position; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; knowledge of issues and trends in cataloging, bibliographic control, and academic information management. desirable: experience with nlm classification and mesh. consideration of applications will begin on june 15,1991 and continue until the position is filled. 2) head, original cataloging section, catalog department. rank: as­ sociate librarian: $35,052-$50,496, or librarian: $47,124-$65,340. responsibilities: under the general supervision o f the department head, the section head will be responsible for planning and directing the activities of the original cataloging section. the section head will provide management, leadership, supervision, and staff develop­ ment for the section and provide some original cataloging. qualifications: mls, supervisory experience, and original cataloging experience are required. knowledge of western european languages and effective oral and written communication skills in english are desired. applicants should demonstrate awareness of national and interna­ tional trends in cataloging and bibliographic control and should possess demonstrated organizational abilities, initiative, strong interpersonal skills, and flexibility. considera­ tion of applications will begin on july 5,1991 and continue until the position has been filled. ucsd librarians are expected to participate in librarywide planning activities and are expected to be active professionally. appointment at the higher ranks require substantial relevant experience and superior qualifications. submit a letter of application, enclosing a résumé and a list of references to: janet tait, academic personnel coordinator, library, 0175h-1, university of california, san diego, la jolla, ca 92093-0175 340 / c &rl news two positions college of st. catherine the college of st. catherine, a private liberal arts college for women, seeks two librarians for the information services department of the library. the department is responsible for the planning and delivery of direct public service and bibliographic instruction to a diverse community of traditional and non-traditional undergraduate and graduate students. the library will be installing a second generation o p a c and a circulation system in 1991. head, information services. this position requires a creative, service-oriented individual to coordinate the delivery of a full range of information services, to supervise 3 faculty and 3 ft e support staff, and to offer general reference service (includes som e weekends on a rotational basis). qualifications: an ala-accredited m l s or m a in ls, at least three years reference experience and excellent oral and written communication skills are required. m icrocomputer online searching experience is assumed. coursework in natural or medical sciences preferred. conditions of contract: this is afull-time (nine month) tenure-track position, with possible extra month each year. rank and salary dependent on qualifications and experience. (example, range for m a plus three years as assistant professor is $24,471 -$28,235 for 9 months.) reference librarian. this is an entry-level position. under supervision this librarian will share responsibility for general reference service (weekends on a rotational basis), bibliographic instruction and selecting periodical titles. qualifications: m ls, m a in ls, or m a in information m anagem ent/sciences is required. conditions of contract: this is a nine-month, temporary faculty contract (renewable for up to five years). rank and salary are dependent on qualifications and experience. expected rank is instructor (salary range $20,856-$24,619). positions are available august 26,1991. application review begins may 20,1991. to apply, send a letter of application, resume, and names of two references to: toni smith director, human resources the college of st. catherine 2004 randolph avenue st. paul, mn 55105 equal opportunity employer, affirmative action. ices, including online database searching and other programs of information delivery; selection of material in assigned subject area; review existing collections in these areas; identify collection needs; participate in implementation and delivery of computer based services, including cd -rom and online services; partici­ pate in activities leading to professional growth and development. special projects a s needed. essential qualification: masters de­ gree from an ala-accredited library school. experience in an academic, scientific or technical library, or coursework in the physical sciences or engineering. experience or coursework in online bibliographic searching, strong oral and written communica­ tions skills. preferred qualifications: microcomputing experience is preferred. the class title of this position is assistant librarian. it has a probationary appointment toward continuous appointment in six years or less. salary is $24,000 minimum. the university of minnesota is an equal employment educator and employer. send a letter of application, resume, and list of three references with addresses and telephone numbers to: barbara j. doyle, personnel officer, university of minnesota libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 nineteenth avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. applica­ tions must be received by june 15, 1991. please site ul-4 on application. cataloger. liberal arts/performing arts college in westch­ ester county. formulates policies and procedures, trains and supervises staff; catalogs in all formats except music. public service and collection development opportunities. required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school, experi­ ence cataloging in an automated environment, knowledge of o clc, aacr2, lc classification. faculty status and liberal fringe benefits. salary: minimum $25,000 depending on qualifications and experience. send resume with names of three references to: peter brown, affirmative action officer, suny purchase, 735 anderson hill road, purchase n y 10577. review of resumes begins may 15, 1991. position availible september 1, 1991. ca talo ger, serials/microforms. g eneral libraries, emory university. available: september 1,1991. responsibilities: do original cataloging primarily of serials and microforms, using the o c l c database, from which bibliographic records are trans­ ferred to the library’s local system, dobis. supervise and train three staff members who work with serials. assist the department head in such functions as formulation of policies and procedures, maintaining quality control, and solving problems. work closely with acquisitions staff responsible for serials check-in and claimmay 1991/ 341 ing. qualifications: required— ala-accredited m ls or equivalent; two years of cataloging experience, at least one of which must have been in cataloging serials; knowledge of aacr2, marc formats, lc cataloging practices; experience with o c lc or rlin; reading knowledge of at least one western european language; strong interpersonal, communication, and organizational skills; flexibility; and the ability to exercise independent judgment. pre­ ferred— experience with technical services applications of an automated local system, cataloging microforms and computer files, and database maintenance; supervisory experience; knowl­ edge of faxon sc-io system. the catalog department and the general libraries: the department is responsible for original and copy cataloging of materials in all formats. the staff includes four librarians and sixteen general staff positions. the library is cur­ rently engaged in a major retrospective conversion project with o c lc as the vendor and is continuing with in-house recon as well. the collections of the general libraries total 1,100,000 volumes (over 2,000,000 volumes for all emory libraries). the staff totals approximately 150. other resources are available in separate libraries for law, health sciences, theology and oxford college. beginning salary: dependent upon qualifications and experience. range for librarian i: $22,000-$25,000; range for librarian ii: $26,000-$35,000. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: paul m. cousins jr., robert w. woodruff library, emory univer­ sity, atlanta, g a 30322. application deadline is june 15, 1991. emory university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. cataloging department, head, university of akron. the university of akron libraries, with holdings of 1,800,000 volumes, is seeking a creative and energetic person to provide leadership for the cataloging department. the department catalogs materials in all formats, using vtls. the department head is responsible for managing all cataloging activities, including strategic and opera­ tional planning, developing policies and procedures, maintaining quality control, solving complex cataloging problems, preparing and administering the departmental budget, and coordinating ac­ tivities with other departments. reporting to the dean of university libraries, the department head supervises 7.0 fte professionals and 5.0 staff employees. as a faculty member, the department head is expected to participate actively in professional organiza­ tions and on university committees. required: ala-accredited mls degree; at least 5 years of increasingly responsible experi­ ence in technical services; a minimum of 3 years of professional cataloging, including original cataloging; supervision of profes­ sional staff; expertise with o clc or other major bibliographic utilities, m arc formats, and local automated systems; thorough and current knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, and authority control; effective oral and written communication skills. preferred: experience with vtls; experience with budget management; record of scholarly and professional achievements; a second master's degree; experience in an academic library. this is a 12 month, tenure-track appointment at the rank of assistant or asso­ ciate professor, with a starting salary between $36,000 and $41,000. the university provides a broad benefits package, includ­ ing 22 days of vacation. the university of akron is the third largest 342 / c&rl news three positions case western reserve university library cataloger for bibliographic database management/authority control. ensures integrity of c w r u online bibliographic databases by analyzing errors and other problems and effecting solutions. a ssists in implementing automated authority control for first time in c w r u system. coordinates bibliographic maintenance work with other cam pus libraries. documents procedures relating to bibliographic maintenance. a ssists in ongoing retrospective conversion project. catalogs computer files, microcomputer software, and other materials in special formats. will play significant role in implementation of ohiolink system, based on innovative interfaces, inc. software, particularly database quality control. qualifications: required: m l s from ala-accredited program; at least 2years cataloging experience, preferably in an academ ic library; familiarity with o c l c and a local online library system; comm and of cataloging tools; demonstrated analytical skills. preferred: experience with cataloging software of innovative interfaces, inc. 2 subject librarians: engineering librarian (biomedical, civil, computer, electrical, industrial, material science, mechanical and aerospace, and/or system s engineering). social and behavioral sciences librarian (psychology, sociology, education, and communication sciences). provide wide range of information services in assigned areas, including collection management and liaison with faculty, general and specialized reference service, database searching, and user education services. m ana ge s m aterials funds, coordinates collection developm ent across departments, participates in traditional and technological reference service in science, engineering, and management disciplines as well as specialized information services to engineering students and faculty. qualifications: required: m l s from ala-accredited program; knowledge of literature of 1) engineering or 2) psychology or sociology, either from professional experience or extensive coursework; commitment to client-centered services, strong interpersonal and communication skills. preferred: advanced degree in 1) engineering or related area or 2) psychology or sociology or related area; minimum two years reference or collection development experience in research or special library; experience in database searching; ability to conduct library instructional programs; working knowledge of foreign language. salary range for all three positions: $21,980-$37,380 dependent on qualifications. to apply: send letter of application, current resume, and names, addresses and phone numbers of three current references to: alice puliafico library administration office case western reserve university freiberger library 11161 east boulevard cleveland, oh 44106 application review will begin june 1 ‚ 1991 ‚ and will continue until positions are filled. c w r u is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer; minorities are encouraged to apply. state-assisted university in ohio. it offers its 29,000 day and evening students more than 230 associate’s, bachelor’s, and master’s degree programs, and 14 doctoral degree programs. the application deadline is june 15, 1991. send letter of application, resume, and a list of three references (including addresses and telephone numbers) to: john v. miller, chairperson, search com ­ mittee, head of cataloging department, bierce library, the uni­ versity of akron, akron, oh 44325-1702. the university of akron is an equal education and employment institution. collection development manager. nicholls state uni­ versity has a challenging position encompassing all aspects of collection development in a modern university setting. responsi­ bilities: create and coordinate collection development program. evaluate and build collection in all formats to meet curricular and research needs. act as head of collection development and acqui­ sitions; direct staff; develop and monitor acquisitions budget and collection development policies and procedures. required qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited mls; three to five years progressively may 1 991 / 3 4 3 responsible collection development experience; budget and plan­ ning experience; ability to effectively communicate at all levels; an understanding of the scholarly use of resources in an academic community. desired qualifications: subject master's; familiarity with automated acquisitions programs and online vendor services. rank and salary: lnstructor/12 months, $26,000 minimum, state of louisiana group benefits. deadline june 30, 1991. position will remain open until filled. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and phone numbers of 3 references to: peter kaatrude, eilender memorial library, nicholls state university, thibodaux, la 70310. nicholls state university is an equal educa­ tion institution, affirmative action employer. computer/media librarian. the ehrman medical library seeks to recruit candidates for the position of head, computer/ media services. the head, computer/media services will plan and direct the activities of the library’s computer/media center which includes both the audiovisual, macintosh and ibm equip­ ment. the center provides services to students, faculty and health professionals of the nyu medical center. activities of the depart­ ment include selection of materials, marketing, providing instruc­ tion in the use of software and equipment, developing appropriate technological support in implementation and management of lans and user interfaces. the department also supports the extensive courseware developed for student support and works closely with the faculty of the hippocrates project. the position reports to the director and supervises 3 fte plus student help. requirements include an m ls or equivalent, 2-5 years experience in a computer media center or similar environment, supervisory experience. good communication, planning, and organizational skills are a necessity. this position carries faculty status and is on tenure track. salary is negotiable, beginning at $35,000. excellent benefits. nyu medical center is located in midtown manhattan. it is affiliated with bellevue hospital and new york university. it is an equal opportunity employer. please send letter and resume to: karen brewer, director, ehrman medical library, 550 first ave., new york, ny 10016, applications received by may 30,1991, will have first priority. coordinator of av department. master’s degree in re­ lated subject field and three years experience required. purchase, maintain (minor repairs) audiovisual equipment and systems. experience with sound systems and teleconference installation a plus. knowledge of tv production, computer application for av presentation, collection development of media materials and cur­ rent trends in media service. ability to plan class schedules, supervise and administer department. salary negotiable, up to mid-20’s depending upon qualifications and experience, and all college benefits. send letter of application, resume, and list of three references to: a.v. coordinator search committee, wagner col­ lege library, howard avenue and campus rd., staten island, ny 10301. aa/eeo. dean of university libraries. the university of akron seeks applications and nominations for a dean of university libraries to plan and guide the library services of a dynamic and changing urban university. established in 1870 as buchtel col­ lege, the university of akron, ohio’s third largest state university, is situated on an attractive urban campus which reflects the cultural richness of the region. the 196 associate and bachelor’s pro­ grams, 37 master’s programs, and 14 doctoral programs enroll 29,000 students, including 3,000 fulland part-time graduate stu­ dents. students come from across the nation and from countries throughout the world. responding to the need for higher education and research in a diversifying economy, the university has always been committed to higher education in northeast ohio, and it continues to fulfill its urban mission. the university libraries support varied and challenging curricula and related research. in 120 years the university libraries have grown to 1,800,000 vol­ umes. in addition to the main library, there is a major science and technology branch and planning is underway for on and off campus remote storage facilities. the university libraries also include audio visual services, university archives, and the ar­ chives of the history of american psychology. a founding member of o c lc , the university of akron takes part in regional and state resource-sharing consortia. the library participates in oclc, crl, ohionet, and ohiolink. the dean reports directly to the senior vice president and provost, participates in university planning, assistant head of cataloging oberlin college library oberlin college has one of the nation’s leading liberal arts college libraries, with holdings of over 1 million volumes. the candidate selected for this position will work with the head of cataloging and library system s in departmental planning, policy making, and management. the assistant head will coordinate all aspects of monographic cataloging, supervising one professional and 6 paraprofessional catalogers. qualifications required: ala-accredited m ls; at least 3 years cataloging experience in an academic library; supervisory experience and ability to work well with others; experience using current automated cataloging standards; knowledge of l c classification, lcsh , and o c l c (or other bibliographic utility); and knowledge of a modern foreign language. qualifications desired; experience with local online catalog maintenance, authority control, and g e a c 9000 library system. salary competitive, commensurate with qualifications and experience; minimum $28,000. generous fringe benefits include tuition support for children. located only 40 minutes from downtown cleveland, oberlin combines one of the nation's finest liberal arts colleges with a world-renowned conservatory of music in a unique community setting. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of reference to; cataloging search committee oberlin college library oberlin, oh 44074 screening of applications will begin on may 13, 1991. available june 1 ‚ 1991. aa/eoe. 344 / c &rl news department head system s department u niversity of california, san d iego ucsd is a n equal opportunity, affirm ative action em ployer an d specifically seeks candi­ dates w ho can m ake contributions in an environm ent of cultural and ethnic diversity. rank: associate librarian $35,052 $50,496 or librarian $47,124 65,340. responsibilities: under the direction of the assistant university librarian technical services, the incumbent is responsible for the leadership, organization, and management of the department. respon­ sible for organizational and personnel planning including the selection, training, and evalu­ ation of departmental staff. provides strategic leadership in developing effective access to and use of electronic information sources; assumes a leadership role in developing associated librarywide services and policies. responsible for coordination of operations and meeting of user needs for integrated online library system maintains awareness of national and univer­ sity of california systemwide issues regarding computerized management and information resource systems, and contributes to the identification and resolution of these issues through appropriate professional activities. qualifications: mls required. the ability to manage and provide leadership in a changing environment, strong interpersonal skills, and the ability to work with all library staff. demonstrated ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writing. successful experience in staff management and project and operational system management activities in a library setting that makes use of computerized resources. appoint­ ment at the librarian rank requires substantial relevant experience and superior qualifications. applications received by july 5,1991 will be assured of consideration. submit a letter of application, enclosing a résumé and a list of references to: janet t ait a ssistant for academic personnel l ibrary, 0175h-1 u niversity o f c alifornia, s an diego la jolla, ca 92093-0175 and holds academic rank. the dean coordinates strategic plan­ ning for the library and attainment of its goals. the dean provides academic leadership to the library faculty and encourages staff development through the supervision of 35 library professionals and 41 support staff. a major responsibility is communication with the university and beyond concerning library needs and suc­ cesses. managing a current budget of $4.8 million, which supports an annual growth of 40,000 volumes, the dean must provide for the smooth operation of the libraries and maintenance of their collec­ tion. requirements: an ala-accredited mls; a second graduate degree: administrative experience at a senior level in an academic library; evidence of published research. the committee is looking for professional involvement and achievement, including produc­ tive research, and strategic planning and management skills. administrative experience is expected to demonstrate strong human relations skills for effective communication with staff, fac­ ulty, students and administrators. current knowledge of library trends and developments is sought. a doctoral degree is preferred. salary is negotiable and dependent upon background and experi­ ence. appointment to be effective july 1 ‚ 1991 ‚ or as soon thereaf­ ter as possible. screening of applicants will begin may 20, 1991, and will continue until the position is filled. nominations, or applica­ tions with complete resumes and at least three letters of reference, should be sent to: jack e. hibbs, chair, dean of university libraries search committee, c/o office of the senior vice presi­ dent and provost, the university of akron, akron, oh 44325 4703. the university of akron is an equal education and employ­ ment institution. government documents librarian. supervise one clerk and student assistants in the development and maintenance of the government documents collection, including processing docu­ ments and fulfilling responsibilities of a u.s. selected depository. provide documents information for faculty, students and general public. provide instruction, including lectures, tours and relevant automated database searches, and develop guides and instruc­ tional aids. also provide some general reference services, faculty liaison and collection development in subject areas related to documents. some weekend and evening hours. required: ala accredited mls, three years relevant professional experience, strong organizational and supervisory skills, positive public serv­ ice orientation, effective oral/written communications and interper­ sonal skills, flexibility, commitment to personal growth, online search skills, and familiarity with computers. preferred: under­ graduate and advanced degrees in social science, business, or law. instructor or assistant professor rank, non-tenure-track, 12 month contract. minimum $24,000 negotiable depending on quali­ fications and experience. attractive benefits including retirement programs, insurance tuition remission, vacation. available july 1 ‚ 1991. send resume, including the names, addresses and tele­ phone numbers of three professional references by may 25,1991, to: government documents search, administrative offices, pius xii memorial library, saint louis university, 3650 lindell boule­ vard, st. louis, mo 63108-3302. saint louis university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women, minorities, the handicapped, and vietnam-era veterans are encouraged to apply. head, cataloging division at the marriott library is respon­ sible for managing the marriott library cataloging division, a major division of the technical sen/ices department. the cataloging division, composed of original cataloging, online cataloging and catalog record maintenance sections, processes all acquisitions for addition to the collection, creating and updating the appropriate catalogs and indexes. the division has eight professional librari­ ans and twenty-one paraprofessionals, plus students. marriott library uses the notis automated system and is affiliated with o c l c through the bibliographical center for research. the divimay 1 9 9 1 / 3 4 5 sion head reports to the assistant director for systems and technical services, as do the division heads for acquisitions and for systems. the division head establishes goals and priorities for the division and manages interactions with other library areas regarding catalog and access matters. performs original catalog­ ing, and helps with collection development functions in an area or areas of subject expertise. participates with the assistant director and other library personnel as needed in planning for and carrying out activities librarywide. required: m ls from an ala-accredited library school. at least four years significant experience with cataloging in an academic environment using aa c r 2 and signifi­ cant successful experience in supervision and management. pre­ ferred: experience with o c l c and notis systems; effective communication and interpersonal skills. knowledge of current library technology and automation. strong commitment to effective production methods standards. master's degree or advanced study in a relevant field and evidence of ongoing professional development through university sen/ice, continuing education participation in professional organizations. salary: minimum $30,000 depending on qualifications and experience. benefits: paid health and dental insurance, tiaa-cref. reduced tuition, 25 days vacation and generous professional development time, sick and holiday leave, academic leave possible after three years of employment. additional fringe benefits. deadline for applications: may 30,1991. submit letter of application, resume, and names of three references and/or placement bureau address to: kathy ann macdougall, 330 marriott library, university of utah, salt lake city, ut 84112. the university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encour­ aged to apply. head, government publications and map depart­ ment. responsible for the administration of the government publications and map department. establishes goals, objectives, head, original monographs cataloging columbia university the columbia university libraries seek an imaginative, dynamic managerto oversee the operations of the original monographs cataloging department. reporting to the assistant director for bibliographic control, the department head is responsible for managing a department of 12 professionals and 11 bibliographic assistants, performing original cataloging of monographs in all subjects, languages, and formats, as well as copy cataloging for rare books, art and architecture, middle eastern languages, and all non-book formats. related activities include shelflisting, inputting, and withdrawing records. this position includes responsibility for policy development, workflow analysis, communication with library staff, and statistical analyses and presentation. with the heads of serials cataloging and cataloging with copy, this position participates in guiding cataloging policy and integrating procedures with the full range of technical processing. the bibliographic control division catalogs approximately 100,000 titles per year for entry into clio, our notis-based online catalog. the libraries will soon be implementing notis acquisitions, integrating that process with cataloging workflows. the original monographs cataloging department expects to move towards greater utilization of a team approach, utilizing groups of professional catalogers and support staff to accomplish a broad range of processing activities. this position will play a significant role in planning and shaping these efforts. in addition to an accredited m ls, requirements are: successful management experience; strong knowledge of bibliographic control applications in research libraries and of technical processing applications of library automation; initiative and leadership ability as demonstrated by successful work in technical services; and strong interpersonal, communication, and analytical skills. previous research library cataloging experience is desirable. salary ranges (which will increase 7/1/91) are currently: librarian i: $31,000-$40,300; librarian ii: $33,000-$44,550; librarian iii: $36,000-$52,200; librarian iv: $40,000-$56,000. (appointment at librarian iv is for individuals demonstrating exceptional experience and achievement.) excellent benefits include assistance with university housing and tuition exemption for self and family. send resume, listing names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: kathleen m. wiltshire director of personnel box 35 butler library columbia university 535 west 114th street new york, ny 10027 deadline for applications is may 31 ‚ 1991. 346 / c &rl news policies and procedures and allocates resources within the depart­ ment. plans and implements departmental programs which enable faculty, students, and the public to be aware of and effectively use the collections. directs and participates in the daily operations and services. reports to assistant university librarian for public serv­ ices. the department is a designated depository for the publica­ tions of the united states government (75%), state of illinois, united nations, and european communities. the department also acquires materials from about 30 other international organizations. the collection contains approximately 250,000 volumes, 325,000 microfiche sheets, and 195,000 maps. current federal documents are being cataloged in notis using o c l c records. the depart­ ment is open and offers reference sen/ice 63 hours per week. staff consists of 3.5 fte librarians, 3 support staff, and 130 hours per week" of student assistance. an additional full-time position has been approved by the library administration and is awaiting resource allocation. qualifications: an m ls from an accredited library school and five years of research library experience includ­ ing supervision and management and three years of government documents experience required. excellent communication skills, ability to work effectively with staff, colleagues and library users, and a demonstrated commitment to government publications li­ brarianship required. academic background including a master's in history or the social sciences and experience with online cata­ loging, general reference, and electronic databases preferred. salary: $35,000+, depending on qualifications. send letter of application and resume, including names of three references, to: rachel biegen, personnel manager, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60208-2300. applications must be received by june 1, 1991. northwestern university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. information services librarian. the center for health sciences library is seeking a full-time information services librar­ ian, appointment beginning july 1 ‚ 1991. we anticipate making an appointment at the academic librarian level. full-time salary range begins at $27,537; exact salary is dependent upon the successful candidate's qualifications. the uw-madison center for health sciences library serves the information needs of the academic, research and health care components of the ch s, the campus and the state. the library itself is comprised of two facilities, the w.s. middleton library on linden drive and the f.l. weston library within the clinical science center on highland avenue. the library provides extensive hours of service to a challenging clientele. staff draw upon a variety of resources including a collection of over 200,000 volumes of print material and other resources in a variety of formats. many functions of the library are automated through nls/notis and others are in the process of being converted. we are seeking an individual with the appropri­ ate combination of education and background to assist the library in the responsibilities listed below. requirements will include a master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school and a minimum of three years of professional experience in an academic setting. preference will be given to candidates with documented experience in reference, electronic searching using a variety of search media (online, cd -ro m, etc.) especially in systems using medline and mesh, and user education. experi­ ence and academic background in the sciences is desirable and previous work in an automated environment will prove useful. a successful candidate must have good communication skills and the ability to work well with staff and library users. the individual selected will participate in the general reference, searching and user education work of the information services section and will also have specifically assigned responsibilities in the section. professional staff share in providing evening and weekend service to users. review of application to begin may 15, 1991. letter of application, resume and names and addresses of 3 references to: diana slater, dept. 4, c h s library, university of wisconsin madison, 1305 linden drive, madison, wl 53706; (608) 263-5333. aa/eoe. information technologies reference librarian, humanities and history division. the butler reference depart­ ment is seeking a creative librarian familiar with the computer and telecom m unications technologies that support reference re­ sources and services in a dynamic and innovative library setting. utilizing both print and electronic sources, this position provides basic and in-depth reference services in the humanities and history, as well as general reference services, to a diverse and challenging university clientele. under the guidance of the director of the electronic text service, the incumbent will manage the development and implementation of a variety of microcomputer based information technologies for reference and research in the butler reference department and its special unit, the electronic text service. the position has extensive teaching responsibilities, providing instruction in new technologies for columbia university students and faculty, for other members of the department, and occasionally for staff in other parts of the library system. one of seven librarians in the department, this position reports to the head of the butler reference department, and works closely with the deputy head, reference department/director, electronic text sen/ice. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: experience in a research library reference department and with electronic reference sources and services; excellent analytical and problem-solving abilities; understanding of the nature of scholarly research in the humanities and history, and the potential impact of technology on scholarship and teaching; outstanding interper­ sonal, communication, and teaching skills; strong background in the humanities or history; and working knowledge of at least two foreign languages. preferred qualifications include working knowl­ edge of a variety of microcomputer applications for bibliographic and primary source research, instruction, and scholarly communi­ cation; and an advanced degree in a discipline of the humanities or history. salary ranges (which will increase 7/1/91) are currently: librarian i: $27,500-$39,750; librarian ii: $29,500-$39,825. excel­ lent benefits include assistance with university housing and tuition exemption for self and family. send resume, listing names, ad­ dresses and phone numbers of three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35, butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. applica­ tions received by may 31 ‚ 1991 ‚ will receive priority consideration. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. interlibrary loan librarian. the university of alabama libraries. the university of alabama seeks applications for the may 1 9 9 1 / 3 47 head of collection management new mexico state university l ibrary responsibilities: the head of collection management is responsible for providing innovative leadership and guidance for the growth and direction of the library’s collections in support of the univer­ sity’s educational and research programs. this administrator, operating as a department head reporting to the associate dean, directs the collection development program; provides support for selectors; maintains liaison relationships with the university’s academic and research areas; supervises the binding and reservation unit; and actively participates in library-wide planning, policy-making, and budget activities. special collections reports to the head of collection management. qualifications: requires ala-accredited mls; significant experience in academic or research libraries, including substantive collection development responsibility for a minimum of five years; evidence f leadership and excellent communication skills; experience with and/or knowledge of automated library systems. additional advanced degree in a subject field and experience in securing external funding is esirable. evidence of potential for promotion and tenure will be considered. salary/benefits: salary and academic rank dependent on qualifications; minimum $40,000. welve-month tenure track appointment. twenty-two days vacation, standard benefit package included, state or other retirement plan options. the nmsu library: serves over 14,000 students in 74 major undergraduate areas, 45 master's de­ grees, and 19 doctoral degree programs. the library budget is approximately $3.5 million with a $1.3 million materials budget. collections include 800,000 volumes and 7,600 current subscriptions. the library is highly automated, using oclc, a vtls-based online catalog, innovacq, and a variety of microcomputer applications. an $11 million expansion to the library is in the construction phase. application: applications received by may 31, 1991 will be given preference. submit letter of application, resume, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: dr. lowell duhrsen, associate dean university library new mexico state university box 30006 dept. 3475 las cruces, nm 88003 n m su is an a ffirm ative-a ction, equal o pportunity em ployer. o ffer o f em ploym ent is c ontingent upon verification o f individual’s eligibility for em ploym ent in the u.s. p o d t position of interlibrary loan librarian (instructor/assistant profes­ sor) who reports to the head, circulation department. responsible for the interlibrary loan activity of the libraries. supervises ill staff and student assistants. qualifications: an m ls from a program accredited by ala (must hold degree by application deadline). good organizational skills, thorough knowledge of trade and na­ tional bibliographic sources, experience with the o c l c ill sub­ system, familiarity with american and international ill procedures, knowledge of computers, ability to work effectively with faculty, staff, students, and ill personnel at other institutions. supervisory experience. notis experience preferred. evidence of strong oral and written communication skills. knowledge of foreign languages extremely helpful. salary/benefits: salary and rank dependent on qualifications and experience. instructor $22,000 minimum; a ssis­ tant professor $25,800 minimum. twelve-month appointment. 22 days vacation per year; sick leave, blue cross/blue shield, major medical; state and tiaa/cref annuity plans. projected date for employment september 1 ‚ 1991. to apply: send resume, letter of application, and the names and addresses of three references by the application deadline may 24, 1991 to: yvonne mixon, ill search, the university of alabama libraries, p.o. box 870266, tuscaloosa, al 35487-0266. the university of alabama is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. monographs original cataloger, university of georgia libraries. duties and responsibilities: the monographs original cataloging unit of the cataloging department is comprised of the head and three librarians plus student assistants. the mono­ graphs original cataloger is responsible to the head of the mono­ graphs original cataloging unit for performing original cataloging 348 / c &rl news of monographic materials in all languages and subjects. the university of georgia libraries supports m arvel, an in-house automated, integrated system. monographs original catalogers serve as resource persons fro mongraphic cataloging within the department and in other areas of the libraries. the libraries is a member of c o n s e r and a n aco and enhance participant. the cataloging department has 14 professional and 24 support staff positions and catalogs over 50,000 books, serials, microforms, nonprint materials yearly. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of a a c r 2 and lc classification and subject headings; ability to work with broad range of subjects; competency in one or more modern european languages (preferred: knowledge of ger­ man or a slavic language); familiarity with automated cataloging systems; effective oral and written communication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships. benefits: standard benefits package includes life, health, and disability insurance and mandatory participation in the state or optional retirement system, and 21 days annual leave, plus 11 paid holi­ days. the university does not cover tuition remission or relocation expenses. salary minimum: $22,000. the university of georgia, located 65 miles east of atlanta, is a land-grant and sea-grant institution with 13 schools and colleges serving over 26,000 stu­ dents. applications procedure: send letter of application address­ ing all qualifications with a resume and the names of three refer­ ences by june 17,1991, to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, g a 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. preservation cataloging supervisor, original mono­ graphs cataloging department, columbia university (temporary 2 year position, with possibility of becoming permanent). the colum­ bia university libraries maintain an active preservation program and are currently engaged in a grant-funded project to preserve a 150,000-volume collection in the foundations of western civiliza­ tion. the preservation cataloging supervisor is responsible for oversight of preservation and other microform cataloging and related activities, including supervision of three bibliographic as­ sistants responsible for copy cataloging of preservation microfilms and photocopies, retrospective conversion of catalog records for repaired materials, and withdrawal of manual records. this posi­ tion, reporting to the head of the department, is also responsible for original cataloging and for quality control of cataloging supplied by external agencies for preservation microfilms. the incumbent will assist in grant management and in planning for preservation processing. the original monographs cataloging department is part of the bibliographic control division, which provides catalog­ ing for about 100,000 titles per year. cataloging records are made accessible and maintained via clio, our notis-based online public access catalog. in addition to an accredited mls, require­ ments are: strong verbal and written communications skills; good knowledge of aacr2, lc subject headings and classification, and usm arc; familiarity with bibliographic control of microforms; and knowledge of a romance or germanic language. desirable quali­ fications include previous cataloging and supervisory experience; experience with online bibliographic control systems and with preservation microforms; knowledge of a second western euro­ pean or slavic language. salary ranges (which will increase 7/1/ 91) are currently: librarian i: $27,500-$35,750; librarian ii: $29,500-$39,825. excellent benefits include assistance with uni­ versity housing and tuition exemption for self and family. send resume, listing names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, n y 10027. deadline for applications is may 31, 1991. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. periodicals librarian. library seeks a person to be respon­ sible for the administration of the periodicals department of the library. in addition this position requires reference duty including weekend and evening assignments. qualifications include an m ls degree from an ala-accredited institution with a minimum of two may 1 9 9 1 / 3 49 years academ ic experience; experience with dialog and o c l c preferred. th is is a tenure-track position with appointment at the instructor or assistant professor level depending upon education and experience; salary range $22,160-$29,696. excellent fringe benefits. position open august, 1991. application deadline: june i, 1991 or until position is filled. submit letter of application, resume and names, telephone numbers and addresses of three professional references to: esther jane carrier, library search committee, lock haven university, lock haven, p a 17745. lock haven university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em ­ ployer. public services director: idaho state university, a com­ prehensive state university with an enrollment of approximately ii,0 0 0 students, seeks applications for director of public services in the university library. responsible for the development of the public service program; currently administers circulation, refer­ ence, periodicals, special collections, interlibrary loans and docu­ ments; supervises staff of seven professionals and ten paraprofes sionals; and, together with the director of technical services, advises the university librarian on general policy, budget, and planning. isu is an rlin library utilizing the v t l s integrated library system. the director of public sen/ices reports directly to the university librarian. requires an m ls from an ala-accredited program, plus strong library managerial experience (5 years pref­ erable) in a 4-year academ ic institution. collection development experience and knowledge of library automation desirable. salary: $38,000 minimum. twelve-month appointment with 24 days of vacation a year. b y june 3,1991 ‚ please submit a letter of interest, a resume, and nam es and addresses of five professional refer­ ences to: clinton h. jones, university librarian, idaho state university, box 8089, pocatello, id 83209-0009. reference librarian/user instruction. provides gen­ eral reference service and assists with the coordination of the user instruction program. rotates evening and weekend schedule of reference desk duties. responsibilities include user instruction program planning, implementation and evaluation, presentation of bibliographic instruction lectures, and coordination of the user training program for the online public access catalog. position requires an ala-accredited m ls; two years of academic experi­ ence in reference and/or bibliographic instruction; experience with c d -r o m databases, online search services, and online public access catalogs; ability to work effectively with students, faculty, head of reference services bowling green state university provides leadership and o v erse e s the reference and information services provided by 9 professional librarians and several support/student staff at the main library’s reference/information desk. m onitors the budget and developm ent/m aintenance of the reference collection. trains, supervises, and evaluates reference librarians. a ss ists in the developm ent of departm ent goals and objectives. pla n s for the im plementation and evaluation of service s with the coordinators of governm ent docum ents, maps, electronic reference services, and bl. provides collection development and liaison to teaching faculty for selected academ ic departm ents. participates in reference service, bl and com puter searching. environment: b g s u libraries and learning r e sou rce s holds 1.5 million volum es at a ph.d. granting university of 16,000 undergraduate and 2,500 graduate students. nationally known for its special collections, the library actively supports the curriculum by services such as graduate student consultations and a dynam ic bl program, exhibits, and the appointm ent of a multicultural services librarian. the library is part of an emerging, statewide, online catalog and m aterials-sharing network. qualifications: required: a la -accred ited m ls; at least 3 years of successful reference experience, including som e supervision of professional or support staff in an academ ic library; evidence of public service commitment; excellent organizational and com m unication skills; know ledge and experience with reference and bl issu e s in an autom ated environment; evidence of comm itment to research and publication. preferred: advanced degree; comm itment to innovation and team-building; strong background in applications of new technologies to enhancing user services; knowledge of government documents. salary: minimum $33,000. assistant professor, 12-month, tenure-track appointment. b g s u librarians enjoy full faculty privileges which include opportunity to participate in library and university governance. r esearch and publication are required for tenure. w e actively encourage minorities, women, handicapped, and veterans to apply. review of applications will begin on may 27,1991 ‚ and will continue until the position is filled. s e nd application letter, resume, and nam es, addresses, and telephone num bers of 3 references to: bonnie gratch chair, search committee jerom e library dean's office bowling green state university bowling green, oh 43403 b g s u is an aa/eoe. 350 / c &rl news and colleagues. microcomputer skills desirable; subject expertise in science preferred. salary and rank will depend upon qualifica­ tions; $20,000 minimum. twelve-month, tenure-track, tiaa/ c r e f, 22 days annual leave, tuition and other benefits. the university of arkansas, fayetteville, is a land-grant university and the major academic research institution in the state, offering a full range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. situ­ ated in the ozarks, fayetteville (population 40,000) offers cultural and recreational opportunities associated with natural beauty and a university community. review of applications will begin may 15. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to: john a. harri­ son, director of libraries, university of arkansas, fayetteville, ak 72701-1201. the university of arkansas is an equal-opportu nity, affirmative-action employer. applicants must have proof of legal authority to work in the united states. serials cataloger. the university of nevada, reno, library seeks professional to perform the original and copy cataloging of serial publications in a variety of formats, languages, and subjects, which may include some retrospective conversion. attendant du­ ties include problem-solving activities and serial holdings verifica­ tion. opportunities to participate in collection development and/or bibliographic instruction. reports to head of the serials depart­ ment. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls. minimum of 2 years of professional serials cataloging experience, preferably in an academic or research library. knowledge of aacr2, lc classi­ fication schedules and lc subject headings; familiarity with a bibliographic utility. must be able to work well both independently and in a group. faculty status requires that librarians meet faculty standards for appointment, promotion, and tenure. desirable qualifications: bibliographic knowledge of foreign languages, experience with a local automation system (catalog records are maintained in innovative interfaces innopac online catalog). salary: open, depending upon qualifications and experience (current minimum $33,503; minimum will increase 7/1/91). no state or local income tax. 12-month appointment; tiaa/cref; 24 working days vacation; generous sick leave. send resume and names and addresses of 3 references to: mary ansari, asst. university librarian, university of nevada, reno, library, reno, nv 89557. to ensure full consideration, applicants are encouraged to have all application information on file by 7/1/91. position will remain open until filled. an aa/eo employer, hiring only individuals authorized to work in the u.s. serials/reference librarian, antioch college. antioch college has been known since 1921 as one of the most distinctive and innovative liberal arts colleges in the nation. for more than seventy years antioch has followed an educational model in which students alternate quarters of work throughout the nation and world with a liberal arts program emphasizing student-centered learning and a strong sense of educational community. the olive kettering library is very active in sharing its resources with other institutions, especially those in the southwestern ohio council for higher education. we are seeking an energetic serials/reference librarian who will be responsible for management (excluding cataloging) of a periodicals collection which includes over 1,000 current sub­ scriptions; and also for a wide range of reference duties which include shared reference and some bibliographic instruction. there will be night and weekend duty in rotation with other librari­ ans. strong interpersonal and communication skills are necessary as is a user-oriented philosophy. we are willing to train a candidate with the in-depth on-the-job serials control wanted at antioch. ala accredited master’s degree must be completed by august 1991. position is open july 1 ‚ 1991 ‚ but successful candidate may begin as late as september 1. salary: $23,000 minimum. antioch col­ lege actively seeks minority and women candidates. its location in yellow springs, ohio, is close to dayton, cincinnati, and colum­ bus. inquiries, vitae, nominations, and at least three letters of reference should be sent to: library serials committee, personnel office, antioch college, yellow springs, oh 45387-1697. the process of reviewing applications will begin april 28 and will continue until position is filled. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. antioch does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, religion, sex, sexual orientation, national origin, age, political affiliation, marital status, or physical handicap. technical service/public service librarian. concor­ dia university is seeking a technical service/public service li­ brarian to supervise technical services and circulation, assist with reference and selection, and provide leadership and direction in applying computer technology to various library functions. mls from an ala-accredited library school required and prefer a candi­ date experienced with cataloging, o c lc , online bibliographic searching, and library computer application. good interpersonal skills are expected. commitment to lutheran education and values congruent with the lutheran church are required. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. concordia is an equal oppor­ tunity employer. position is open july 1 ‚ 1991. send application and resume to: henry latzke, director of library services, concor­ dia university, 7400 augusta street, river forest, il 60305-1499. technical services librarian. 1) perform original and adapted complex copy cataloging in marine and maritime oriented monographs, serials maps, audio-visual materials and technical reports. 2) apply and manage online databases: oclc, dynix, inmagic, dialog, and wordperfect. 3) compile bibliography with more than 5,000 citations of marine and maritime-oriented ma­ terials. 4) supervise interlibrary loans. 5) perform reference and preservation work. 6) set up new galveston bay information center. 7) oversee budget. 8) supervise two professional librari­ ans, three full-time clerks, and student workers. 9) select marine oriented materials in all formats. salary $22,000 per year, 40 hours a week. requires master's degree in library and information science and four months training in cataloging and database management. apply at the texas employment commission, galveston, tx or send resume to the texas employment com­ mission, t e c building, austin, tx 78778, j.o. #5757269. ad paid for by an equal opportunity employer. late job listings automation librarian, p iu s xii m em orial l ibrary. p a rtic ip a te in selec­ tio n a n d im p le m e n ta tio n of in te g ra te d lib ra ry sy stem for fo u r cam p u s lib ra rie s, m a n a g e m e n t a n d tr a in in g for lib ra ry m icrocom puter ap p licatio n s, coordination a n d ev a lu a tio n o f ou r ex istin g a u to m a tio n projects, p la n n in g a n d developm ent of new a u to m a tio n activities. s u pervise one p a ra p ro fe ssio n a l a n d s tu d e n t a s s is ta n ts . r ep o rt to lib ra ry director. r equired: a la -accredited m ls, th re e y e a rs re le v a n t professional experience, know ledge of co m p u ter h ard w a re /so ftw are a n d n a tio n a l a u to m a te d lib ra ry n etw o rk s, stro n g c o n su lta tiv e a n d positive in te rp e rs o n a l skills, stro n g o rg a n iz a tio n a l a n d service o rie n ta tio n , effective w ritte n /o ra l com m unica­ tio n s, in itia tiv e , flexibility, d e m o n stra te d co m m itm en t to professional grow th. p re fe rre d : e x p erien ce p la n n in g a n d im p le m e n tin g in te g ra te d lib ra ry system , experience m a n a g in g lib ra ry cd-roms, p e rso n a l co m p u ters, a n d lans. m inimay 1 9 9 1 / 351 m u m sa la ry : $32,000 b a se d on q u a lific a tio n s a n d experience. b en efits include r e tir e m e n t p ro g ram s, in su ra n c e , tu itio n rem issio n , v aca tio n , sick leave. p o sitio n a v a ila b le j u ly 1,1991. s en d re su m e , w ith n a m e s, a d d re sse s a n d tele p h o n e n u m b e rs of th r e e professio n al referen ce, by m ay 30, 1991, to: a u to m a tio n l ib ra ria n s earch, l ib ra ry a d m in istra tiv e offices, p iu s x ii m em o rial l ib rary , s a in t l o u is u n iv e r ­ sity , 3650 l in d ell blvd., st. louis, mo 63108-3302. s a in t l ouis u n iv e rsity is a n affirm a tiv e action, e q u a l o p p o rtu n ity em ployer. w om en, m in o ritie s, th e h a n d i­ capped a n d v ie tn a m e ra v e te ra n s a re en co u rag ed to apply. l ibr a r ia n or a r c h iv ist to d ir e c t nedcc m icrofilm ing service. n o rth e a s t d o cu m en t c o n se rv a tio n c e n te r seek s d irecto r for p re s e rv a ­ tio n m icrofilm ing service a n d p h o to g rap h ic copying service. p ublic re la tio n s skills, m a n a g e m e n t experience, som e know ledge of m icroform s a n d p h o to g rap h ic copying. a dvanced deg ree in r e la te d field. low to m id-30’s o r c o m m e n su ra te w ith ex p eri­ ence. s en d re su m e to: nedcc, 100 b ric k sto n e s q u a re , a ndover, ma 01810. minority librarian internship. t h e ohio s ta te u n iv e rsity h a s a stro n g c o m m itm e n t to affirm a tiv e actio n a n d is activ ely se e k in g to in c re a se m in o rity r e p re s e n ta tio n in all a r e a s o f th e u n iv ersity . t he u n iv e rsity l ib ra rie s m inority l ib ra ria n in te r n s h ip is one co m p o n en t o f th e l ib ra rie s ’ ov erall affirm a tiv e action p la n a n d is in te n d e d to in c re a se th e r e p re s e n ta tio n o f m in o rity lib ra ria n s a t ohio s ta te a n d to f u r th e r th e g ro w th a n d dev elo p m en t of m in o rity lib ra ria n s w ith in th e p rofession. t h e p ro g ra m is d esig n ed to a s s is t a re c e n t lib ra ry school g ra d u a te in m a k in g a successful tr a n s itio n to academ ic re s e a rc h lib ra ría n s h ip . t he ohio s ta te u n iv e rsity l ib ra rie s, one o f th e n a tio n ’s la r g e s t academ ic re s e a rc h lib ra ry sy stem s, h a s th e re so u rc e s a n d c o m m itm en t to in tro d u c e a n d o rie n t th e re c e n t m in o rity g ra d u a te to th e com plexities of lib ra ria n s h ip in a h ig h ly d iv erse e n v iro n m e n t. t he tw o -y ear in te r n s h ip w ill provide th e o p p o rtu n ity for h a n d s-o n experience in m o st a r e a s of th e u n iv e rs ity l ib ra rie s ’ o p e ra tio n s, in c lu d in g th e w o rk in g s of b o th public a n d te c h n ic a l services a s w ell a s a d m in is tra tio n . t h e f irs t y e a r in clu d es in tro d u c ­ tio n /o rie n ta tio n to th e v a rio u s d e p a rtm e n ts a n d o p eratio n s, w hile th e second y e a r o f th e in te r n s h ip w ill em p h a siz e one o r m ore a re a s of special in te r e s t to th e in te rn . t he in te r n s h ip m a y beg in a s e a rly a s 1 ju ly , b u t n o t la t e r th a n f a ll 1991. q u alifi­ c ations: r ecen t m ls from a n a l a -accredited p ro g ra m (degree re q u ire m e n ts m u s t be fulfilled by f a ll 1991). t h e focus o f th is p ro g ra m is to in c re a se th e n u m b e r of a frican-a m ericans, h isp an ic-a m erican s, a n d n a tiv e a m erican s in th e u n iv e rsity l ib ra rie s. s alary : $24,360-$26,000 p lu s allow ance to cover b en efits. t h e in te rn s h ip w ill re m a in av a ila b le u n til filled. a p p lican ts sh o u ld su b m it re su m e , u n d e rg ra d u a te a n d g ra d u a te tr a n s c r ip ts , a n d n a m e s, a d d re sse s, a n d telep h o n e n u m b e rs of th re e re fe re n ce s to: s h a ro n a. s u lliv an , p e rso n n e l l ib ra ria n , t he o hio s ta te u n iv e r sity l ib ra rie s, 1858 n eil a venue m all, c olum bus, o h 43210. monographs original cataloger, u n iv e rs ity o f g eorgia l ib raries. d u tie s a n d resp o n sib ilitie s: t he m o n o g rap h s o rig in al c a ta lo g in g u n it o f th e c a ta lo g in g d e p a rtm e n t is com prised o f th e h e a d a n d th r e e lib r a r ia n s p lu s s tu d e n t a s s is ta n ts . t h e m o n ographs o rig in al c a ta lo g e r is resp o n sib le to th e h e a d of th e m o n o g rap h s o rig in a l c a ta lo g in g u n it for p erfo rm in g o rig in al catalo g in g o f m ono­ g ra p h ic m a te ria ls in all la n g u a g e s a n d subjects. t he u n iv e rs ity of g eorgia l ib ra r­ ie s su p p o rts marvel, a n in -h o u se a u to m a te d , in te g r a te d system . m onographs o rig in al c a ta lo g e rs serve a s reso u rce p e rso n s for m o n o g rap h ic c atalo g in g w ith in th e d e p a r tm e n t a n d o th e r a r e a s of th e l ib ra rie s. t h e l ib ra rie s is a m e m b e r of c o n se r a n d a naco a n d e n h a n c e p a rtic ip a n t. t h e c a talo g in g d e p a rtm e n t h a s 14 p ro fessio n al a n d 24 s u p p o rt s ta f f positio n s a n d catalo g s over 50,000 books, s e ria ls, m icroform s, a n d n o n p rin t m a te ria ls y early . q u alifications: a la -accredited mls; know ledge of aacr2 a n d lc classificatio n a n d su b ject h e a d in g s; a b ility to w o rk w ith b ro a d ra n g e of subjects; com petency in one o r m ore m o d e m e u ro p e a n 3 5 2 / c &rl news lan g u ag es (preferred: know ledge of g erm an o r a slavic language); fa m ilia rity w ith a u to m a te d cataloging system s; effective o ral a n d w ritte n com m unication skills; ab ility to e s ta b lish a n d m a in ta in effective w orking relatio n sh ip s. b enefits: s ta n ­ d a rd b en efits package includes life, h e a lth , a n d d isab ility in su ra n c e a n d m a n d a to ry p artic ip a tio n in s ta te or optional re tire m e n t system , a n d 21 d ays a n n u a l leave, plus 11 p aid holidays. the u n iv ersity does n o t cover tu itio n rem ission or relocation expenses. s alary m inim um : $22,000. t he u n iv ersity of georgia, located 65 m iles e a s t of a tla n ta , is a la n d -g ra n t a n d se a -g ra n t in s titu tio n w ith 13 school a n d colleges serving over 26,000 stu d e n ts. a pplication procedure: s end le tte r of application ad d re ssin g all qualifications w ith a re su m e a n d th e n am es of th re e referen ces by j u n e 17, 1991, to: florence e. king, p e rso n n e l l ib ra ria n , u n iv ersity o f g eorgia l ib raries, a thens, ga 30602. t his position w ill be filled only if su ita b le ap p lican ts a re found. head of circulation department. the u n iv ersity of a kron is th e th ird la rg e s t s ta te -a ssiste d u n iv e rsity in ohio. i t offers its 29,000 day a n d evening stu d e n ts m ore th a n 230 asso ciate’s, bachelor’s, a n d m a s te r’s degree pro g ram s, and 14 doctoral degree program s. u n iv ersity l ib raries is seeking a flexible, experienced m a n a g e r to direct th e w ork flow of its c irculation d e p a rtm e n t. r ep o rtin g directly to th e d irector of u n iv ersity l ib raries, th e h ead of th e c ircu latio n d e p a rtm e n t sup erv ises 7.0 s ta ff a n d 50 s tu d e n t a s s is ta n ts . t his w orking m a n a g e r is responsible for coord in atin g all circulation functions including: reserves, s ta c k m a in ten an ce, physical processing, binding, a n d in te rlib ra ry loans; for p a rtic ip a tin g in th e d e p a rt­ m e n t h ead ’s advisory g roup a n d serving on o th e r sta n d in g a n d ad hoc com m ittees; for p la n n in g a n d im p lem en tin g th e d e p a rtm e n t’s goals a n d budget. r equired: mls from a n ala -accredited in s titu tio n ; ab ility to su p erv ise a n d in te ra c t w ith diverse groups of people; e x p ertise w ith a n in te g ra te d online circu latio n system ; dem on­ stra b le successful m a n a g e m e n t of a larg e a n d complex circulation d e p a rtm e n t; 3-5 y e a rs lib ra ry experience; su p e rio r oral, w ritte n , a n d in te rp e rso n a l com m unication skills. p referred : a cadem ic lib ra ry experience; b u d g etin g a n d p lan n in g experience; a stro n g com m itm ent to public service; a n u n d e rs ta n d in g of th e dynam ics of large org an izatio n s a n d ab ility to w ork effectively in a ch anging environm ent. t his is a n o n -te n u re -trac k professional s ta ff position. i t includes 22 days v acation, s ta n d a rd b en efits package, a n d a s ta r tin g sa la ry b etw een $25,000-$28,000, b ased on qualifi­ cations a n d experience. a pplication d eadline is j u n e 15, 1991. send le tte r of application, resu m e, a n d na m e s of th re e references to: p hy llis o’connor, c h a irp e r­ son, s earch c om m ittee for h e a d of c ircu latio n , t he u n iv e r sity o f a kron, u n iv ersity l ib ra ry a n d l e arn in g r esources, a kron, oh 44325-1701. t he u n iv er­ sity of a kron is a n eq u al ed u catio n an d em ploym ent in s titu tio n . “teamwork is a prim ary reason ebsco has successfully served the serials management needs of librarians for so many years. our concept of providing subscription service is based on teams of dedicated employees serving customers in specific regions. my staff and i serve libraries in the mountain/plains states while eight other u.s. teams handle the serials needs of customers from maine to alaska to the virgin islands. and there are 17 more ebsco offices located throughout the world, all fully staffed with a work force of serials professionals committed to working toward one goal. “maintaining a team effort is a lot of work. it requires constant com­ munication, cooperation and corrective action from everyone. we stress that every job and every detail, no m atter how small, is important to the superior service our customers have come to expect. and we take nothing for granted.” juanita o ’n eall vice p resid en t/g en era l m anager denver, co regional office at ebsco, we think librarians deserve to b e s e rv e d by a service-oriented subscription agency. don’t you? international headquarters p.o. box 1943 birmingham, al 35201 (205) 991-6600 acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 800 / c&rl news the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). if the second falls on a weekend, the deadline is the following mon­ day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis af­ ter the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.25 per line for acrl members, $6.60 for others. late job notices are $12.60 per line for members, $14.70 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirm ed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accom panied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). ads may also be sent by fax machine, (312) 440-9374, or by alanet (ala0306). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ dem ic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&ftl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&el news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl m em ­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising d e p ’t, acftl, american library association, 50 e. huron st.. chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780 materials wanted space problems? we will buy your surplus serials, technical, scien­ tific and historic materials. send list for best offer to: colfax books, p.o. box 380542, denver, co 80238. positions open a ssista n t departm ent head/reference desk ser­ vices co o rdinato r, georgia state university. pullen library seeks an experienced reference librarian for an im portant new ten­ ure track, faculty rank position. reference department of 15 faculty librarians and 8 support staff is responsible for the reference collec­ tion, a very busy reference desk, bibliographic instruction program, online searching, interlibrary loan, governm ent documents, and maps. reference librarians work with an online catalog, several cd rom products and online databases. responsibilities: training of new librarians; direct supervision/ evaluation of 4-6 faculty rank refer­ ence librarians and 1 or more part-time reference librarians; oversee daily operations of in-person and telephone reference service; de­ sign and maintain manuals and aids; work closely with other depart­ ment service coordinators in planning and developm ent of depart­ mental programs, policies and procedures; participate in reference desk service, including some night and w eekend work, b ib lio ­ graphic instruction, and online searching; participate in library, unisalary guide listed below are the minimuin starting salary figures recommended by 16 state library orga­ nizations for professional library posts in these states. job seekers and employers should con­ sider these recommended mimumums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15, 1988, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa admin­ istrative compensation survey) when evaluat­ ing professional vacancies. for more informa­ tion, contact the ala o ffice for library personnel services. connecticut $22,200 indiana varies* iowa $18,792 kansas $17,500* louisiana $20,000 maine varies* massachusetts $22,000 new hampshire $17,500 new jersey $22,000 new york varies* north carolina $20,832 ohio $20,024 pennsylvania $20,000 rhode island $20,000 vermont $19,000 west virginia $20,000 w is c o n s in s23.700 *rather than establish one statewide salary m ini­ mum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as com parable salaries for public school teachers in each com m unity or the grade level o f a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. versify, and professional activities including research and publica­ tion. required: ala-accredited m aster’s degree; strong academ ic b a c k g ro u n d ; e xte nsive kn o w le d g e of re fe re n ce services and sources; dem onstrated training ability; five years of professional ex­ perience or its equivalent; supervisory experience or experience in the coordination of reference services; and substantial reference desk experience. excellent communications and interpersonal skills are essential. preferred: experience with bibliographic instruction and database searching; active interest in research; experience with goals-based evaluation methods; com m itm ent to collaborative man­ agement; and evidence of stamina, creativity and leadership. a rec­ ord of achievement in professional activities expected for appoint­ ment at rank of assistant professor or above. salary: $27,000­ 3 1 ,000 for 12 months, dependent upon qualifications. send letter of interest, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references including immediate supervisors by january 29, 1989, for priority consideration to: diane smith, library personnel officer, william russell pullen library, georgia state university, 100 decatur street, s.e., atlanta, ga 30303-3081, (404) 651-2172. an affirmative action, equal o pportunity employer. a s s is ta n t director for inform atio n services. the university of houston libraries seek to build an innovative informa­ tion environm ent through the application of advanced information technology to the units which directly serve students and faculty. un­ der general direction of the associate director for public services and collection development assumes a leadership role in planning and im plementing services that incorporate new technological capad ecem ber 1988 / 801 bilities in meeting informational needs. develops and manages infor­ mation services programs including reference/information desk, electronic information center, computerized information retrieval services, library instruction, governm ent documents and four branch libraries. staff includes 13 librarians, 14 fte support staff plus student assistants. requires ala-accredited master’s degree; minimum four years relevant professional experience; ability to work with and relate well to a diverse constituency; excellent analytical and communication skills; initiative, creativity, organizational ability; ability to maintain effective working relationships with colleagues in the libraries and the university; decisiveness, intellectual indepen­ dence, and willingness to express a point of view; and ability to func­ tion in a matrix-oriented team environment. salary: $35,000 depend­ ing on qualifications. excellent benefits package; choice of retirement programs; no state or local income tax. as the research library for a four campus system, the university of houston libraries holdings exceed 1.5 million volumes, with a current materials budget of $2.2 million. total staff includes 45 professionals and 130 support staff. the library is a member of arl. nominations or applications received by february 15, 1989, will receive first consideration. pre­ liminary interviews may be held during ala mid-winter. send nomi­ nations or applications with resume and names of three references to: dana rooks, assistant director for administration, university of houston libraries, houston, tx 77204-2091. equal opportunity employer. assistant to the dean (systems and planning), the henry madden library of california state university. fresno, seeks a systems librarian to participate in planning, procuring and imple­ menting an integrated online public access catalog and circulation system and then direct the operation of the new system. required qualifications: a master’s degree from an ala-accredited institution; substantial experience as a professional librarian, preferably in an academic library, including experience with computer-based sys­ tems. preferred qualifications: knowledge of library systems analy­ sis, computer hardware/software technologies and marc and its application to automation; experience in planning, procuring and im­ plementing an online public access catalog and circulation system; experience in writing technical specifications for online library sys­ tems; and other educational background/training related to the du­ ties of the position. course work in systems analysis and/or computer programming is preferred. full-time, tenure-track, twelve-month ap­ pointment. appointment date: 3 april 1989. appointment at rank ap­ propriate to qualifications. salary range $31,680-$55,548. liberal university-paid benefits. informational consultations will be available at the ala midwinter meeting. correspondence, applications, and confidential papers should be sent by 6 february 1989 to: vincent smith, search committee chair, henry madden library, administra­ tive office, california state u niversity, fresno, fresno, ca 93740-0034. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. automated information access/reference librar­ ian. online user services responsibilities, includes serving as li­ brary’s primary database searcher, providing staff training, coordi­ nating p o licie s, p ro c e d u re s , d o c u m e n ta tio n , re co rd s. full participation in public service activities, including bibliographic in­ struction, general reference, collection development. major library planning and construction project in progress, unique opportunity for involvement. reports to head of public services. tenure track position, ala-accredited mls required, professional experience de­ sirable. salary, $19,000 minimum (12 months), plus liberal faculty benefits, including relocation assistance. closing date: january 30, 1989. preliminary interviews possible at ala midwinter. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: paula grenell, head of public services, crosby library, gonzaga univer­ sity, spokane, wa 99258. bibliographic specialist for the sciences. the posi tion isaten-month, tenure track faculty appointment. responsibilities include: collection development, bibliographic instruction, reference service, online searching and participation on faculty committees and in professional organizations. candidates must have an ala accredited m ls and a strong background in the sciences. an appro­ priate subject matter master’s is preferred. rank range: instructor to assistant professor. rank and salary ($27,000-$29,000) is depen­ dent upon experience and qualifications. seattle pacific university in seattle, washington, is an evangelical christian university of the arts, sciences and professions. spu has a combined undergraduate and graduate enrollment of 3,300 students with an additional 4,000 stu­ dents enrolled in off-campus programs each quarter. spu seeks ap­ plicants who are committed to the spiritual and educational mission of the university and its lifestyle expectations. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. send resume and letter listing three or more references to: gary r. fick, university librarian, weter memo­ rial library, seattle pacific university, seattle, wa 98119. phone: (206) 281-2228. closing date: february 1, 1989. biological sciences librarian. search reopened the li­ brary at the university of california, irvine, invites applications for the position of biological sciences librarian. appointment will be at the assistant or associate librarian rank with a salary range of $25,380-$44,676. applications received by january 1,1989, will re­ ceive first consideration, but applications will continue to be ac­ cepted until the position is filled. responsibilities: as a reference li­ brarian, the responsibilities include reference desk assistance, database searching and bibliographic instruction. as a bibliogra­ pher, the incumbent has special responsibility for development and management of materials to support the research and instructional needs of faculty and students in the school of biological sciences, and specifically in the department of ecology and evolutionary biol­ ogy and the department of psychobiology. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls degree; degree in biological sciences or rele­ vant experience; demonstrated commitment to public service; ex­ cellent oral and written communication skills; ability to work effec­ tively, independently and cooperatively with all elements of the academic community. desired: additional graduate degree in bio­ logical sciences; good reading knowledge of at least one major eu­ ropean language; experience in collection development, biblio­ graphic instruction, and database searching; experience as a biological sciences librarian in an academic library. send letter of ap­ plication with 1) a complete statement of qualifications, 2) resume of education and relevant experience, and 3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: anne rimmer, li­ brary personnel office, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. telephone: (714) 856-5408. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. 802 / c&rl news cataloger. responsible for original and adaptive cataloging. some participation in public services. requirements: knowledge of cataloging principles and practices, including aacr2, lc classifica­ tion and subject headings, oclc in marc format and notis. can­ didate must demonstrate well developed interpersonal and com­ munication skills and the ability to work creatively in a rapidly changing environment. qualifications: ala-accredited mls for ap­ pointment in the rank of instructor (starting salary $25,108-$28,059). an additional subject master’s degree is required for appointment in the rank of assistant professor (starting salary $27,374-$30,325). two years recent cataloging experience in an academic library pre­ ferred. application deadline: january 3,1989. send resume, letter of application and the names of three professional references to: chief librarian, baruch college/cuny, 17 lexington avenue, box 317, new york, ny 10010. aa/eoe. chief librarian. search reopened for chief librarian, with the rank of professor. oversee all library operations, administration, ser­ vice delivery to students and faculty, acquisitions, and cooperative efforts with other research libraries. baruch’s library has a profes­ sional staff of 20 with an extensive support staff; a collection of over 278,000 volumes, 5,500 periodicals and serials, and 1.3 million mi­ croforms; and will move to a $50 million facility early in the 1990s. qualifications include a master’s from an accredited ala library school and a doctorate (abd considered) or second master’s de­ gree in another discipline; administrative achievement; professional activities and publications; and demonstrated innovative leadership. ideally candidate also should have experience in advanced library technology. salary and benefits are competitive, $48,000-$62,000 depending on experience. baruch college is a senior college of the city university of new york located in the gramercy park neighbor­ hood of manhattan. the college consists of the school of business and public administration, the school of liberal arts and sciences, and the school of education and educational services. enrollment, including undergraduate and graduate students, is over 16,000. send resumes or letters of nomination by december 30, 1988, to: associate provost louanne kennedy (chair of the search commit­ tee), baruch college/cuny, 17 lexington avenue, box 514, new york, ny 10010. aa/eoe. collection development/reference librarian. re defined. tenure-track position reporting to university librarian. col­ lection development duties: analyze subject strengths/needs for 200,000 volume library; formulate policies and coordinate selection activities of eight library staff members; serve as liaison with faculty in one or more disciplines. reference duties: staff reference desk (in­ cluding one week night and occasional academic vacation periods); instruct patrons in use of the library; prepare library guides; perform database searching. requirements: mls from an ala-accredited school, demonstrated communications and teaching-skills. second master’s and 2-3 years’ experience in an academic library highly de­ sirable. salary: $20,000 minimum for a 9 month contract, depending on qualifications and experience. librarians have faculty status: they serve on university-wide committees and are eligible for sabbaticals. benefits include: blue cross select, tiaa/cref, tuition remission. environment: herrick library serves 2,000 students in a highly rated small comprehensive university located 70 miles south of rochester in new york’s scenic southern tier. colleges of liberal arts and sci­ ences, nursing, business and administration and graduate educa­ tion provide diversity in a setting where students receive individual attention. library staff consists of 6 professionals, 4 technical special­ ists and 12 support staff. application: send letter of application, cur­ rent resume and three recent references to: s. s. crandall, chair­ man, search c om m ittee, h e rric k m em orial l ib ra ry , a lfre d university, alfred, ny 14802. applications deadline: february 1, 1989. position is available august 22, 1989. alfred university is an director of libraries mercy college nominations and applications are invited for the position of director of libraries at mercy college. mercy college is an independent, non-sectarian, multi-campus institution of higher education which serves a diverse commuter-student population drawn from westchester county and the new york/new jersey/connecticut metropolitan area. the college seeks a highly motivated director who will provide the necessary leadership for enhancing the libraries’ position of accessibility, centrality, and vitality within the college. the director man­ ages library facilities and services at five locations with a staff of 35 fte, an annual budget of $1.2 million, and a collection of over 300,000 volumes. mercy college libraries, through a well-developed intra-system resource sharing, maintain a superior and integral program of library instruction as well as dynamic and expanding audio-visual and learning center services. the libraries also support the college’s correctional facility edu­ cational program by providing library services to 10 prisons in new york. responsibilities: the director of libraries through a management by objectives system is responsible for the leadership and administration of the libraries, the library faculty, and the support staff. the director serves as representative in a variety of campus environments and is expected to maintain active represen­ tation of the libraries on local, state, and national levels. he or she provides input for academic as well as other policy concerns in support of the mission of the college. qualifications: the successful candidate will provide clear evidence of a philosophy of librarianship that is based on high standards of planning and performance, strong service orientation, and a clear con­ cept of the library as a vital educational force within the college community that is committed to knowledge and ideas as well as to information. also important is a commitment to continuing professional contributions and growth. appointment will be at the associate professor level. minimum qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program; a second master’s or a doctorate would be of value. five years of increasingly responsible professional experience. the committee will start reviewing applications january 15th and will continue to accept applications until a selection is made. salary range is in the low to mid 40’s. send application to: p. french provost and vice president for academic affairs mercy college 555 broadway dobbs ferry, ny 10522 (914) 693-4500 d ecem ber 1988 / 803 affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women and minori­ ties are encouraged to apply. director of the university library system. the uni­ versity of pittsburgh invites nominations and applications for the po­ sition of director of the university library system. the university li­ brary system includes the fo llo w in g u niversity of pittsburgh libraries: hillman, afro-american, buhl (social work), east asian, al­ legheny observatory, business, chemistry, computer science, darlington memorial, economics, engineering, fine arts, graduate school of public and international affairs, biological sciences/psy­ chology, mathematics, music, physics, and the school of library and information science libraries. the associated libraries of the university of pittsburgh include those of the school of law, the four regional campuses, and the medical division (falk, and the western psychiatric institute and clinic). the director is the chief spokesper­ son for general university library needs, planning, policies, and pro­ cedures, and coordinates the activities of all university libraries through the coordinating committee for university libraries. the combined libraries represent a total collection of 3,003,631 volumes and 2,258,240 microforms, and are staffed by 93 professional librari­ ans. the libraries serve 34,000 graduate and undergraduate stu­ dents and 2,540 faculty. qualifications for this position include: a clear understanding of the role of an academic research library, the possibilities of resource sharing, and the issues facing research li­ brarianship and higher education in general; ability to establish and maintain effective communications and relationships with library staff, faculty, administrators and students; management of and expe­ rience with library automation and new library technologies; appro­ priate library administrative experience and educational back­ ground. salary is com m ensurate with experience. nominations and/or applications, including current resumes and references, should be submitted no later than january 15, 1989, to: donald m. henderson, vice provost, university of pittsburgh, 826 cathedral of learning, pittsburgh, pa 15620. the university of pittsburgh is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. electronic information services librarian. under direction of associate director, provides overall development of electronic information services in cooperation with reference unit and other units. primary duties: sets up and maintains local informa­ tion and cd-rom databases, access to vended services such as brs/after dark and knowledge index, and other electronic informa­ tion systems. instructs staff and users on use of information data­ bases. major duties related to doris, (local information access sys­ tem): maintains screen and files specifications, manages load of citation databases and full text, develops access to computer center data files and transfers bibliographic information into doris, serves as a liaison with d ivision of administrative programming services on doris, solicits new files to add to doris and develops new pro­ grams related to database establishment and access. qualifications: ala-accredited mls required. preferred: experience with online searching techniques and reference services; knowledge of data­ base environment, preferably experience with brs search; excel­ lent writing and teaching skills. computer science degree or back­ ground desirable. faculty status, retirement plans including south carolina and tiaa-cref, various medical plans, dental plan, liberal leave. salary range: $25,000 minimum depending on qualifications. clemson university libraries has a collection of 13,500 serial titles and 1,500,000 volumes and uses notis. the university, south car­ olina's land grant institution, is located in the foothills of the blue ridge mountains, 30 miles from greenville, south carolina and within 2 hours driving time from atlanta, georgia. candidates apply­ ing by january 20, 1989, will receive first consideration. send letter of application with resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references to: peggy cover, chair, electronic informa­ tion service librarian search committee, r. m. cooper library, clemson u niversity, clemson, sc 29634-3001. eeo/aa em­ ployer. engineering & computer science reference librar­ ian. responsibilities include general reference desk work, special­ ized reference support in engineering and computer science, biblio­ graphic instruction, online searching, collection development and faculty liaison. serves as one of 14 reference librarians in a large san francisco bay area university library. san jose state university is a major multi-purpose university and a center for higher education in urbanized, high-technology silicon valley. san jose state has more than 25,000 fulland part-time students enrolled in 77 bachelors and 59 masters programs. requires an mls from an ala-accredited program and excellent communication skills. undergraduate course work or library experience in engineering and/or computer science is highly desired; background or experience in related scientific dis­ ciplines will also be considered. experience in reference work, col­ lection development, online searching, and bibliographic instruction is desired. a record of progressive professional and/or scholarly de­ velopment is required for tenure and promotion. twelve month ap­ pointment plus fringe benefits, at the senior assistant or associate l ib ra ria n rank d e p e n d in g u p o n in d iv id u a l q u a lific a tio n s ($31,680-$48,204). ten month work year option available after one year’s service. this is a tenure-track position. full job description available on request. apply by january 15, 1989, with a letter of ap­ plication, including a complete resume and names of five references to: library director, san jose state university, san jose, ca 95192-0028. an equal opportunity, affirmative action, title ix em­ ployer. head, catalog department, university of oklahoma li­ brary faculty vacancy. duties: under the general direction of the di­ rector, library technical services, this position is responsible for the management of the catalog department including the following functions: original cataloging, copy cataloging, catalog mainte­ nance, reclassification, retrospective conversion, name and subject authority work, and marking; supervises four full-time librarians, eleven classified staff, and numerous student assistants; responsible for planning, review, and implementation of services, procedures, and programs; responsible for the creation and maintenance of bib­ liographic records for the libraries’ local database; coordinates oclc and rlin online cataloging and special projects related to the notis system. qualifications: required: mls from ala-accredited library school; four years progressively responsible cataloging expe­ rience in an academic library including two or more years supervi­ sory experience; significant knowledge of and experience with ma­ jor bibliographic utility, aacr2, lc classification and subject headings; knowledge of at least one european language; and evi­ dence of research and publication. desirable: knowledge of and ex­ perience with development of online catalog system: experience head librarian sarah lawrence college sarah lawrence college is seeking an experi­ enced academic librarian to head a staff of approxi­ mately 18 fte in its main library and two branches (music and art slide). the library has partially com­ pleted a retrospective conversion project and is committed to an online catalog in conjunction with other academic libraries in westchester county. essential qualities include: 1) ability to assess current state of services and collections. 2) experi­ ence in long-range planning. 3) up-to-date knowl­ edge of library computer systems. 4) solid aca­ demic credentials including ala-accredited mls. 5) imagination, enthusiasm and commitment to un­ dergraduate education in a liberal arts setting. faculty status. reports to dean of the college. salary commensurate with education and experi­ ence. excellent benefits. sarah lawrence is a selec­ tive independent college of 1,000 students located in bronxville, new york, 30 minutes by commuter train from nyc. please send resume and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: judith kicinski assistant director sarah lawrence college library bronxville, ny 10708 eoe employer. 804 / c&rl news with retrospective conversion projects; demonstrated leadership abilities and supervisory skills; strong interpersonal and communica­ tion skills; reading knowledge of additional foreign languages; sec­ ond master’s degree and/or additional postgraduate work. deadline for applications: february 1, 1989. available: april 15, 1989. salary: $28,000 minimum. benefits: tiaa/cref; state retirement system; comprehensive medical protection; 21 days vacation; university hol­ idays; generous sick leave. university libraries: a member of the re­ search libraries group and arl, the university library consists of a main library and six branches. the collection contains more than 2.1 million volumes, 16,000 periodical subscriptions, and three out­ standing special collections in history of science, western history, and business history. a major expansion of the main library was completed in may 1982, doubling the size of library facilities. the li­ braries possesses an ls2 automated circulation system and is heav­ ily involved in other automation activities. employment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, rank of assistant pro­ fessor or above, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume and the names of three references includ­ ing current supervisor to: d onald c. hudson, manager, administra­ tive services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, nor­ man, ok 73019. the u niversity of o klahom a is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. head, cataloging and records maintenance divi­ sion, illinois state university, milner library, with overall administra­ tive responsibility for the division including planning, developing and implementing cataloging policy; and managing and evaluating personnel. division is responsible for the generation, review, input and quality control of the library’s manual and automated biblio­ graphic records for monographs, serials, music scores, sound re­ cordings and other nonprint media; preorder bibliographic search­ ing; and physical processing of materials. reports to associate university librarian for technical and administrative services. coor­ dinates activities with other technical services units and public ser­ vices areas in the library. coordinates the activities of 8 library fac­ ulty and 29 civil service staff in the division. university and library: illinois state university is a multipurpose university with more than 21,000 students, located in the medium-sized urban area of nor­ mal/bloomington, 120 miles from chicago. academic programs and courses are offered in 33 academic departments organized into 5 colleges with master’s degree programs in most fields and 9 doc­ toral degree programs. milner library is the central library facility serving the entire university community with a staff of 111 including 34 professionals, over one million volumes and a materials budget of $1.4 million. the library is a member of the center for research li­ braries and the library computer system (lcs), a resource-sharing network of 27 academic institutions in the state of illinois. implemen­ tation of illinet online, a statewide online catalog, is expected to be completed in december 1988. qualifications: accredited mls degree with second advanced degree or certificate of advanced study in library science or another subject discipline. working knowl­ edge of oclc and/or other bibliographic utility, aacr2, lc. excel­ lent written and oral communication skills. minimum of 5 years of pro­ fessional experience in academic libraries, primarily in cataloging including at least 3 years of successful administrative experience and proven ability to lead effectively in a collegial setting. publication and professional activity appropriate for the rank of assistant profes­ sor or associate professor. extensive knowledge of computer appli­ cations in technical services. salary and rank: $33,000 minimum, faculty rank (assistant/associate professor) and eligibility for tenure. benefits include state retirement program, health insurance and other fringe benefits. position available: april 1, 1989. applications: applications will be accepted until the position is filled. to assure consideration, send application, resume, and the names of three ref­ erences before february 28, 1989, to: fred m. peterson, university librarian, milner library, room 311b, illinois state university, normal. il 61761. isu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. head, multi-campus library services program. per manent 12-month position. under the direction of the director of li­ braries, and in consultation with the multi-campus deans, plans, im­ plements, and adm inisters the m ulti-cam pus library services program. assesses multi-campus library needs. develops short and long-range plans. prepares budget requests and monitors budget allocations. completes analytical and statistical reports. su­ pervises multi-campus library services personnel. makes periodic site visits to multi-campus locations. maintains effective working rela­ tionships with wsu libraries and extended university services per­ sonnel to facilitate cooperation and effective services. initiates and maintains effective relationships with non-wsu-affiliated libraries serving wsu extended university personnel and students. provides library services for curricular and research needs of multi-campus students and faculty. required: ala-accredited mls or its equiva­ lent; effective reference and teaching experience; effective interper­ sonal relations and communications skills; previous experience in computer applications. must build a progressive record of profes­ sional/scholarly achievement. preferred: academic library experi­ ence; online search services experience; managerial and supervi­ sory experience. rank: librarian 2 or above, dependent on previous relevant experience; faculty status. salary: $20,000-$25,000, com­ mensurate with experience and qualifications. tiaa/cref, broad in­ surance programs, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year sick leave. send letter of application, resume and names and addresses of three ref­ erences to: maureen pastine, director of libraries, libraries, wash­ ington state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. applications should be postmarked by february 15,1989. wsu is an eo/aa edu­ cator and employer. protected group members are encouraged to apply. librarians (3 positions) ferris state university searches extended (open until filled) 1) department head, reference & instruc­ tional services directing reference, bibliographic instruction, extension services and ill; 3 years of supervisory experience and mls required, addi­ tional credentials preferred with knowledge of auto­ mated reference and computer-assisted instruc­ tion; $30k minimum, administrative appointment. 2) health sciences reference librarian & branch coordinator for 3 professional schools; mls plus additional degrees and experience equivalent to 2 years; $25k minimum, faculty appointment. 3) cataloger, coordinator for bibliographic control (oclc); mls plus degrees and experience equiva­ lent to 2 years, with preference for experience in au­ tomation and opac implementation (pals or notis), $25k minimum, faculty appointment. ferris state university has 11,700 students plus 686 faculty and administrators with programs rang­ ing from associate to doctorate degrees in schools of arts & science, business, technology, allied health, pharmacy, optometry, and a life-long learning center plus four off-campus centers. it is in big rapids, a community of 26,000, including students, 54 miles north of grand rapids, michi­ gan’s second largest metropolitan area. fsu’s li­ brary & instructional services (media production & distribution, academic computing) has a staff of ca. 75 and budget of over $2 million, with collec­ tions of ca. 1.5 million bibliographic units. apply with letter, resume, and 3 references to: r. dodge lis admin. fsu library ferris state university big rapids, ml 49307-2295 (for more information, call 616-592-3724) fsu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer d ecember 1988 / 805 head of government publications department. the department is staffed by one fte librarian (the department head), and three fte library assistants. it maintains five areas: u.s., califor­ nia state and local, british documents, un publications, and publica­ tions of international organizations. the department is responsible for microtext operations as well. duties and responsibilities: respon­ sible for the operation of the government publications department for the libraries of the claremont colleges: develops and manages the department; direct responsibility for one of the five collection ar­ eas; participates in reference services and instructional programs. analyzes, recommends and implements the automation of the proc­ essing and control of government publications as warranted by cur­ rent developments. oversees microtext operations. hires, orga­ nizes, trains, schedules, supervises, and evaluates government publications staff. conducts in-house staff development workshops. prepares budgets, annual reports and other reports as needed. de­ velops handouts and guides related to the government publications collection. consults with the libraries’ subject bibliographers on se­ lections. serves as member of the libraries’ expanded line officers group. salary: $25,000-330,000. qualifications: mls degree. thor­ ough knowledge of depository programs and government publica­ tions collection development; ability to provide public services in one or more of the five collection areas one to two years’ supervisory ex­ perience, preferably in an academic library. highly desirable: expe­ rience in reference services and library instructional programs. ex­ perience with automated library systems. send resume with names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references. include cover letter with statement of qualifications. address to: alberta walker, chair-search committee, honnold library, the claremont colleges, claremont, ca 91711. deadline for receipt of applica­ tions: december 15, 1988. head of information services, cleveland state university library seeks a highly-qualified individual to join a top library man­ agement team in the stimulating, creative environment of an urban university. manages and provides leadership for information ser­ vices comprised of the reference center, bibliographic instruction, audio-music service, art service, cleveland press library, curricu­ lum materials center and university archives. works at reference desk 5-10 hours per week and may select library materials in appro­ priate subject areas. this position supervises the reference and bib­ liographic instruction coordinators; the information services activi­ ties of eight librarians, who also report to the other services heads; and the university archivist and two classified staff. works with other members of the management team to develop and implement li­ brary policies and programs. reports to the deputy director. qualifi­ cations: required: ala-accredited mls; supervisory experience and skills necessary to manage information services, demonstrated by experience in managing or coordinating at least one aspect of an information services operation (e.g., reference, bibliographic in­ struction, database searching). five years relevant public service ex­ perience in an academic or research library, including substantial reference work. ability to establish effective working relationships with faculty, staff and students. demonstrated leadership, including good interpersonal, communication, and supervisory skills. potential for professional contribution and growth. preferred: experience in several of the following: bibliographic instruction, collection develop­ ment, coordinating subject service areas, database searching, li­ brary automation. minimum salary $32,000. starting date: april 15, 1989. send letter of application, resume and names of three refer­ ences to: brian ruddick, assistant to the director, cleveland state university library, e. 24th & euclid ave., cleveland, oh 44115. applications received by january 20 will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. equal opportunity employer, m/f/b. head of technical services. luther college seeks a person to be responsible for technical services, especially cataloging. a tenure-track position. experience preferred. reports to the head li­ brarian and is responsible for coordinating the work of support staff in cataloging, serials control, catalog maintenance, and materials processing and preservation. will play a key role in implementation of the luther opac within the following year. will also be responsible for training and policy development for technical services and will share reference and collection development responsibilities with all professional staff. required: an ala-accredited mls, cataloging ex­ 806 / c&rl news pertise, knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, experience with a bibliographic utility. concern for quality control and staff in­ volvement is significant. desirable: foreign language study, online systems experience, 2nd graduate degree, supervisory experience. rank and salary depend upon qualifications and experience, up to $33,000. generous benefits. begin late august 1989. luther col­ lege, a phi beta kappa college associated with the evangelical lu­ theran church in america, is located in the hills of northeast iowa. library development is a priority of administration and faculty. the college enrolls 2200 students and has a library of over 275,000 vol­ umes in a fine physical plant. applications are due by january 15, 1989; applications received after this date may be considered if the position has not been filled. preliminary interview possible at ala midwinter. send letter of application, vita, authorized transcripts of undergraduate and graduate work or placement file, and the names and addresses of three current references to: norma j. hervey, chair, library search committee, luther college, decorah, ia 52101. luther college is an equal opportunity employer. head of technical services (search reopened). indiana university southeast, new albany, indiana (louisville, kentucky metropolitan area), one of 8 campuses comprising indiana univer­ sity. head of technical services is responsible for all aspects of tech­ nical services operations: acquisitions, serials, government publica­ tions and bibliographic control. (acquisitions and cataloging performed centrally on bloomington campus.) staff consists of 4 full­ time support persons. some reference desk duty as scheduled. re­ ports directly to director of library services. ala/mls required. at least 2 years professional experience in one or more aspects of tech­ nical services required. also required: knowledge of oclc, aacr2, excellent managerial, organizational, interpersonal skills, and strong service orientation. knowledge of retrospective conversion, online catalog systems (preferably notis) highly desirable. must be able to meet the responsibilities of a tenure track appointment. tiaa/cref; liberal fringe benefits. available immediately. closing date: january 15, 1989. send letter of application, resume and names of 3 refer­ ences to: frances g. livingston, chair, search and screen commit­ tee, indiana university southeast, 4201 grant line road, new albany, in 47150. indiana university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, original monographs cataloging. university of georgia libraries. (salary minimum $22,000). duties: the head of the original monographs cataloging unit is responsible to the head of monographs cataloging for the planning, coordination, and con­ trol of original cataloging and classification of the libraries’ print monographic materials in all languages and subjects. training and supervision of staff are primary responsibilities of the position. duties include direct responsibility for three librarians and student assis­ tants. other specific duties include establishing priorities, planning staffing levels, coordinating the activities, organizing workflow, and arranging for efficient movement of materials through original mono­ graphs cataloging in consultation with the section head; maintain­ ing quality control and production standards and resolving problems encountered by staff and student assistants concerning original cat­ aloging records; assisting in establishing and evaluating short and long-term goals and objectives for original monographs cataloging; performing original cataloging for monographic materials in all sub­ jects and various languages using library of congress classification, library of congress subject headings, and the usmarc format standards which includes establishing and maintaining name and subject authority records as necessary. materials handled by the original monographs cataloging unit include those for the main and science libraries, some laboratory collections, and off-campus re­ search facility libraries. the cataloging department catalogs over 50,000 books, serials, microforms, and nonbook materials yearly. the department has 13 professional and 24 support staff positions. in all activities, the goal is to develop a service-oriented, efficient, and effective staff. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library school; two years of original monographs cataloging experience in a large academic or research library; experience in the application and use of library of congress classification, library of congress subject headings, and usmarc format; experience with automated cataloging systems, preferably oclc; demonstrated understand­ ing of contemporary cataloging rules as well as knowledge of pre­ vious codes; ability to work with a broad range of subjects; reading knowledge of two or more modern european languages, preferably including german and/or russian; effective oral and written com­ munication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships; experience with or knowledge of other automated li­ brary systems applicable to technical services desired; supervisory experience desired. application procedure: send letter of applica­ tion by january 20, 1989, including resume and names of three ref­ erences to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. instructional materials librarian. loyola university of chicago. lewis towers library. responsible for the operation of the library’s instructional materials resource collection which contains both print and non-print materials. the collection is the laboratory collection for the students and faculty in the school of education. du­ ties include reference service, collection development and library in­ struction. serves as liaison to the curriculum faculty in the school of education. supervises student assistants. also has general refer­ ence and instruction assignments. assists with the technical proc­ essing of curriculum materials. reports to the head of audiovisual services. qualifications include: ala-accredited mls degree; expe­ rience in working with k -1 2 materials in either a library or classroom setting; excellent communication and interpersonal skills. academic library experience preferred. salary commensurate with qualifica­ tions and experience. base salary $21,000. librarians have limited faculty status, are eligible for librarian sabbatical leaves after 3 years, earn 20 days of vacation and have a standard package of fringe ben­ efits including university contributions to tiaa/cref. applications received by december 31, 1988, will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. qualified applicants should send letter of application, resume and the names, addresses and phones numbers of three references to: ellen j. waite, university librarian, cudahy library, loyola univer­ sity of chicago, 6525 n. sheridan rd., chicago, il 60626. loyola university of chicago is an affirmative action educator and em­ ployer. instructional services librarian. instructs library users, provides reference service, prepares guides, serves as liaison with classroom faculty, assists with collection development, and super­ vises interlibrary loan. required: ala-accredited mls, knowledge of bibliographic instruction, reference, and interlibrary loan; prefer­ red: 2nd master’s and experience. salary and benefits: faculty posi­ tion, must meet tenure-track requirements, 10-month contract, tiaa/ cref, excellent fringe benefits; faculty rank and salary commensu­ rate with qualifications; $19,000 minimum. send letter of application addressing qualifications and interest, vita, transcript, and three cur­ rent letters of professional reference to: larry hardesty, director of library services, eckerd college, box 12560, st. petersburg, fl 33733-2560; consideration of applicants begins february 1, 1989. appointment available july 1, 1989. eoe. monograph cataloger. responsible for original cataloging of monographs and media, cataloging of special collections, catalog maintenance, and bibliographic holdings. three full-time staff plus students. assist in implementation of an online catalog. the univer­ sity of toledo is a state university of 23,000 students offering associ­ ate, bachelor, professional and doctorate degrees in eight colleges. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited school; three or more years of cataloging experience in an academic library with an auto­ mated cataloging system (preferably oclc). faculty status; 12 month contract; very liberal fringe benefits; salary about $27,500 de­ pending upon qualifications. position available july 1, 1989. for full consideration, applications should be received by january 20, 1989. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume and the names, addresses and tele­ phone numbers of at least three references to: alan d. hogan, chair­ person of search committee, william s. carlson library, the uni­ versity of toledo, toledo, oh 43606. the university of toledo is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. monographic cataloging librarian. suny college at cortland. supervision, planning, and coordination of monographic cataloging section. original and copy cataloging of monographs on oclc. undergraduate liberal arts college of 6,500 students located conveniently in beautiful central new york near cornell university and syracuse. library of over 360,000 volumes. faculty status and responsibilities, calendar year appointment, excellent fringe bene­ fits. position carries academic rank of senior assistant or associate librarian with minimum salary of $24,000 and up depending on qualifications, experience, and appointing rank. minimum qualifica­ tions: master’s in library/information science, knowledge of one for­ eign language, demonstrated supervisory skills and effectiveness in d ecem ber 1988 / 807 communication, and interest in planning for automated systems. second master’s preferred. submit cover letter and resume listing at least three references to: selby u. gration. director of libraries, suny college at cortland, p.o. box 2000, cortland, ny 13045. applications will be reviewed as received. aa/eoe. periodicals/serials librarian. minot state university has an opening for a periodicals/serials librarian to organize, maintain, assess and catalog the periodicals and serials collections. additional work will include assisting in collection development for an assigned area, work at the reference desk, and teaching part-time in the un­ dergraduate library science program. qualifications: a master’s de­ gree in library science is required, as well as the ability to work effec­ tively with students, faculty, and library staff. salary: $16,032 and up, depending on qualifications and experience. benefits: tiaa/cref, blue cross/blue shield. send letter of application, resume, and the names and addresses of three references by january 2, 1989, to: susan podrygula, chair of search committee, memorial library, minot state university, minot, nd 58701. reference bibliog rapher/assistant professor. (tenure-track appointment). john davis williams library, university of mississippi. responsibilities: subject bibliographer for english, art, journalism, speech and theater, and music, general reference service, online and cd-rom searching, bibliographic instruction at introductory and upper division levels. requirem ents: ala accredited mls, at least two years professional academic library ex­ perience, second advanced degree preferred. successful candi­ date will be involved in promoting reference services in a soon-to-be automated research library with a strong commitment to collection development in the humanities. salary minimum $19,500. there is a possibility of on-campus faculty housing. the university is located in oxford, a small, attractive city in northern mississippi. send letter or application, resume and references to: thomas m. verich, john davis williams library, university of mississippi, university, ms 38677 before january 15, 1989. the university of mississippi is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian. general reference duties in a liberal arts college of the state university of new york, includes work with refer­ ence databases, responsibility for interlibrary loans and involvement in bibliographic instruction. some evening and weekend work re­ quired. accredited mls or equivalent required. 12-month, tenure track faculty appointment. salary $22,000. to start about march 1, 1989. send application and resume by january 6, 1989, to: screen­ ing committee rl, office of personnel and affirmative action, suny college at ow, old westbury, ny 11568-0210. university librarian california state university, los angeles applications and nominations are invited for the position of university librarian with a starting date of july 1, 1989. the university librarian reports to the provost and vice president for academic affairs. candi­ dates must have a terminal degree and qualify for tenure in the library. significant administrative experi­ ence, demonstrated scholarly activity, and demonstrated commitment to affirmative action also are re­ quired. the salary is negotiable, dependent upon qualifications and experience, with a minimum of $41,592 per year. chief duties include: providing leadership and policy direction for planning, organizing, coordinating, directing, and evaluating all library functions and integrating them with the instructional programs of the university. the university librarian works with faculty in formulating library policy and with the provost, other officers in the university, and the academic senate in developing universitywide policy; supervises long-range planning and development, including applications of library technology, library administra­ tive and services organization, and assignment of library personnel; responsible for long-range growth, control and quality of the book, periodical, and non-print collections; supervises the recruitment and orien­ tation of professional personnel and approves personnel appointments, promotions, and terminations; ad­ ministers the budget of the library; extends resources through cooperative programs and consortial ar­ rangements; oversees orientation of faculty to the use of the library and promotes services to users; supervises staff and encourages staff development; and maintains good relations with faculty, students, university, and csu administrative officers. the university librarian assists in public relations efforts such as speaking engagements and other activities of the university. the university, one of 19 campuses of the california state university, was founded in 1947. programs are offered in more than fifty academic and professional fields in four state-supported quarters per year. the campus is located at the eastern boundary of the city of los angeles, with a student body of approxi­ mately 20,000 fulland part-time students reflecting the ethnic diversity of the area. the university has col­ lective bargaining contracts with the faculty, including librarians, and eight other employee units. the search committee will begin the initial screening of applications approximately january 9, 1989, but applications/nominations will be considered until the position is filled. applicants should include a cur­ rent resume and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three professional references. applications, nominations, and inquiries should be addressed to: chair, search committee c/o dee flanagan human resource management california state university, los angeles 5151 state university drive los angeles, ca 90032 an equal opportunity, affirmative action, handicapped, title ix employer. 808 / c&rl news reference librarian. pitts theology library, emory univer­ sity. the reference librarian is responsible for interpreting the use of the library to students, faculty and visiting patrons, providing refer­ ence services, including interlibrary loans, assisting in collection de­ velopment and management, and generally sharing in the activities of the professional staff. qualifications: m.div. from an ats accredited institution with an understanding of theological research techniques and some library work experience. an mls from an ala accredited institution and some familiarity with computer applica­ tions to library functions are preferred but not required. salary: from $20,000 to $24,000 plus benefits depending on qualifications and length of experience. emory university is an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. send letter of application and resume with names of three references to: cynthia g. runyon, assistant li­ brarian, pitts theology library, emory university, atlanta, ga 30322. all application materials must be received by february 10, 1989. appointment will be effective april 1, 1989. reference librarian. responsible for general reference utiliz­ ing traditional and computerized resources including opac, cd roms and online databases. additional responsibilities include col­ lection d e ve lo p m e n t in su b je ct specialty and b ib lio g ra p h ic instruction. candidate must demonstrate well developed interper­ sonal and communication skills and ability to work creatively in a rap­ idly changing environment. two positions available; one temporary through august 31, 1989. qualifications: ala-accredited mls for rank of instructor (starting salary $25,108-$28,059). an additional subject master’s degree is required for rank of assistant professor (starting salary $27,374-$30,325). two years relevant experience in an academic library preferred. applications deadline: january 3, 1989. send letter of application, resumes and names of three profes­ sional references to: chief librarian, baruch college, 17 lexington avenue, box 317, new york, ny 10010. aa/eo. reference librarian. this assistant reference librarian is re­ sponsible for professional reference service including some evening and weekend work in a busy metropolitan university library with a diverse clientele. database searching, library user instruction, and collection development are other dimensions of this position. faculty rank and status, 12-month contract, tenure track with liberal fringe benefits. salary is $20,000. we are seeking a reference librarian with an ala-accredited mls. send letter of application, resume and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of at least three refer­ ences to: kathleen voigt, chairperson of search committee, william s. carlson library, the university of toledo, toledo, oh 43606. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. the university of toledo is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian/business subject specialist at arizona state university, where three business librarians share re­ sponsibility for serving the students and faculty of the college of busi­ ness, and where a beautiful new underground library addition is scheduled to open in january 1989. responsibilities encompass four major areas: general reference service, collection development, faculty liaison, and specialized public service for business in data­ base searching, orientation and instruction, and in-depth reference and research. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree or foreign equivalent; strong background in business or a business related field; strong communication and interpersonal skills; experi­ ence and/or demonstrated interest in public service. preferred: aca­ demic training in business; relevant professional experience; reference experience; experience in using business reference sources; training and/or experience in collection development, li­ brary instruction and/or online searching. salary: dependent on qualifications and experience ($20,000 minimum). application in­ structions: send letter and resume which together address the quali­ fications listed above, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of university libraries, hayden library, arizona state uni­ versity, tempe, az 85287-1006 (telephone: 602/965-3417). appli­ cation deadline: recruitment will remain open until the position is filled. to ensure consideration, please apply by january 20, 1989. d ecem ber 1988 / 809 reference/public services librarian. montgomery col lege, germantown campus, is seeking an enthusiastic, innovative reference/public services librarian who is committed to providing professional library assistance to a diverse population of students, faculty, and staff in the community college setting. position provides reference services and bibliographic instruction, performs online database searching, and participates in collection development. serves as sole librarian on some evenings and weekends. position requires mls from an ala-accredited library school and relevant professional librarian experience. familiarity with library automation, microcomputer applications and online searching systems also de­ sired. salary range $27,997-$40,602, with a starting salary falling within the first half of the range. excellent fringe benefits. to apply, send resume, with above position title noted to: montgomery coltwo positions kent state university libraries the kent state university libraries seek qualified applicants for two middle-management positions which offer opportunities for professional challenge and growth. the university libraries hold membership in the association of research libraries, the center for research libraries, and neomarl, a consortium of ten academic and research libraries in northeastern ohio. the libraries have fully implemented the notis online system in the main and five branch libraries on the kent campus and have a combined collec­ tion of over 1.6 million volumes and over 7,000 active serial subscriptions. head, monographic acquisitions and serials: reports to the assistant director for technical ser­ vices, supervises department of 13 fte staff plus student assistants engaged in the ordering and receipt of serial and monographic materials, serial cataloging, and bindery. responsibilities include developing de­ partmental goals, policies and procedures. monitors expenditures and prepares management reports. oversees the ongoing implementation of the notis serials and acquisitions subsystems. serves as a member of the library’s inter-divisional serials committee. also acts as the technical services division’s primary liaison to public services in matters relating to serials and monographic acquisitions. will play a key role in preparing a serials collection development policy for the university libraries. qualifications: re­ quired: ala-accredited mls. significant academic or research library experience directly related to acqui­ sitions or serials, including supervisory responsibilities. ability to meet university requirements for reap­ pointment, tenure and promotion. highly desirable: familiarity with online acquisitions or serials control systems, ideally notis. excellent communication and interpersonal skills. head, reference department: search extended. reports to the associate director for collections and public services. administers department of 9.5 professionals, 1 support staff member and student assis­ tants which provides reference and instructional services through bibliographic instruction, computerized information service (online database searching and cd-rom) and in the reference center. responsibili­ ties include: sustaining, planning and extending effective and innovative services to the constituents of the university libraries; the allocation of resources including selection and management of reference collec­ tion and other appropriate information sources and products; hiring, training and evaluation of staff. qualifi­ cations: required: ala-accredited mls; significant background and experience in academic or research library reference services, including bibliographic instruction and/or online searching; strong commitment to service; supervisory experience; proven leadership ability; knowledge of computer technology as it ap­ plies to library services and operations; effective interpersonal and written communication skills; ability to work effectively with diverse groups and individuals; ongoing record of research, publication and profes­ sional activity; and ability to meet university requirements for reappointment, tenure and promotion. desir­ able: second advanced degree. salary and benefits. both positions are twelve-month tenure-track faculty positions. minimum salary for each position is $30,000 per year, with initial academic rank and salary commensurate with education and experience. benefits include 20 days vacation per year; life, dental and health insurance or hmo option; supportfor professional development; and other university benefits. kent state university is comprised of a residential main campus located on 1,200 rolling acres in the city of kent, and seven regional campuses in northeastern ohio. kent, population 30,000, is located within easy access of both rural and large metropoli­ tan areas, approximately 35 miles south of cleveland and 11 miles east of akron. application procedure. to be considered for either position, please send a letter of application, re­ sume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: harry kamens budget & personnel officer kent state university libraries kent, oh 44242 deadline for applications for both positions is january 31,1989. kent state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 810 / c&rl news lege, personnel office, 900 hungerford drive, suite 140, rockville, md 20850. resume must be received by 5:00 p.m. on december 23, 1988. an eo/aa/title ix employer. sciences and technology librarian (two positions) tenure-track 12-month faculty appointments. responsible for col­ lection development; liaison to faculty and students; database searching; and library instruction in the hard and applied sciences and other subjects as assigned. serves at general science reference desk as part of a team of five librarians and two paraprofessional staff. reports to head of the sciences and technology department. requires ala-accredited mls degree; knowledge of online search­ ing techniques; demonstrated written, oral, and interpersonal com­ munication skills; commitment to service and academic librarian­ ship, including research. degree or library experience in a relevant subject field is desirable. potential for meeting the requirements for promotion in rank and granting of tenure. salary minimum: $22,500. send letter of application, resume and names, addresses and tele­ phone numbers of three references to: ruth ludwig, colorado state university libraries, 106 morgan library, fort collins, co 80523. application deadline is february 15, 1989. serials cataloging section head, university of califor­ nia, santa barbara. supervises serials section of cataloging depart­ ment. duties include original cataloging and classification of serials and analytics, revision of contributed cataloging work by library as­ sistants, and resolution of complex bibliographical problems. re­ quirements: mls, at least two years recent professional experience in serials cataloging, experience with aacr1 and aacr2, lc classi­ fication and lc subject headings, online cataloging systems, and su­ pervisory experience. facility with european languages and auto­ mated serials cataloging desired. salary range: $25,380-$44,676 dependent upon experience and qualifications. applications must be received by january 27, 1989. send letter of application, names of 3 references, and resume to: margaret deacon, associate univer­ sity librarian, ucsb library, university of california, santa bar­ bara, ca 93106. ucsb is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. proof of u.s. citizenship or eligibility for u.s. employment required prior to employment. slavic/social sciences catalog librarian. the uni­ versity of arizona is seeking a librarian to provide original and com­ plex copy cataloging for slavic language materials and monographs in the social sciences. the person in this position would serve as a cataloging resource person for library staff in the above languages and subject areas. minimum salary is $20,000; higher salary nego­ tiable depending on qualifications and experience. librarians at the university of arizona have academic professional status, are eligible for continuing status, are voting members of the faculty and may take up to 24 days professional leave per year. they have 22 days paid vacation, 12 days sick leave and 10 holidays per year. a standard package of fringe benefits is available. requirements include a mas­ ter’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited school; flu­ ency in russian; minimum of 2 years of cataloging experience; knowledge of aacr2, marc formats, lcsh and lc romanization tables; experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility; and good oral and written communication skills. candidates with knowledge of other slavic languages and background in the social sciences will be given preference. applications should be received by january 13, 1989. send letter of applications, resume, and the names of three references to: w. david laird, university librarian, p.o. boxc, uni­ versity of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. the university of ar­ izona is an equal employment opportunity employer with an affirm­ ative action plan. women and minorities are urged to apply. non-citizens must include current visa status. social science bibliographer/reference librar­ ian, search re-opened. requirements: mls (ala-accredited). min­ imum of 2 years academic library experience in reference service, collection development and maintenance in the social sciences. de­ sired qualifications: experience with library materials in all formats; advanced degree in a social sciences discipline; and experience in searching online bibliographic databases. responsibilities: devel­ opment and maintenance of the collection in sociology and anthro­ pology, and audiology and speech sciences. provides general and specialized reference service. salary: $22,000 and up depending upon qualifications. status and benefits: faculty status and responsi­ bilities. members of the library faculty must meet purdue university requirements (excellence in librarianship, research and publishing and service) for promotion and tenure. rank commensurate with ed­ ucation and experience. twelve month appointment with 22 days vacation accrual. flexible benefits programs with open enrollments annually. group life, medical and disability insurance programs are in effect as are tiaa-cref and social security coverage. libraries: the humanities library is the principal library resource for the school of humanities, social science and education; and also serves the general university. the library contains about 700,000 volumes, 750,000 microforms, and 7,000 current serial publications. the library has 42 employees including 13 faculty and professional staff members. purdue university libraries system, which is made up of the undergraduate library and 14 school and departmental libraries, has holdings of over 1,600,000 volumes. staff totals more than 200, including 55 faculty and professionals. purdue university is located approximately 60 miles northwest of indianapolis, indiana. the greater lafayette area of approximately 100,000 provides a di­ versity of cultural and social activities. application process: send re­ sume and list of references to: thomas l. haworth, personnel offi­ cer, libraries, stewart center, purdue university, west lafayette, in 47907. deadline for applications: february 1, 1989, or until posi­ tion is filled. an eeo/aa employer. technical services librarian. responsible for receiving, cataloging, processing and withdrawal of all library materials. re­ sponsible for maintaining computerized database of library hold­ ings. cataloging & circulation are automated, using dynix & bibli-o file. required: master’s degree in library science & experience with computers and automated systems. starting salary $20,000 with 10 vacation days, 11 holidays, paid health & retirement. send resume & references to: director, st. johns county public library, 1960 n. ponce de leon blvd., st. augustine, fl 32084. position open until filled. technical services librarian, university of puget sound, tacoma, w ashington. m anages/directs technical services— cataloging, classification, physical processing, and bibliographic records (online, oclc, and card catalog). ala mls, familiarity with at least one foreign language, working knowledge of elementary ref­ erence sources, administrative experience in technical services, fa­ miliarity with oclc, library applications of microcomputers/soft­ ware, and bibliographic database management, and effective communication skills. academic library experience and subject ex­ pertise in the sciences, social sciences or humanities desirable. hir­ ing range is $25,487-$29,468 depending on qualifications, plus ex­ cellent fringe benefits. search and selection procedures will be closed when a sufficient number of qualified candidates has been identified. submit interest letter, resume and names of three refer­ ences to: library search, university of puget sound, p.o. box 7297, tacoma, wa 98407. an equal opportunity, affirmative action educator/employer. late job listings administrative services librarian. coordinates staff development programs, staff orientation, student worker programs, publications and communications, and activities related to the recruitment, appointment, and evaluation of library staff. the position reports to the director of the library and works closely with area unit heads and the university’s personnel office. d ecem ber 1988 / 811 the university of north carolina at charlotte has received national recognition for the quality of its programs. the library is noted for its application of automation and is highly regarded on the campus. qualifications: ala accredited master’s degree. minimum of 5 years’ experience in an academic library, including 3 years in a supervisory or administrative capacity. excellent interpersonal and communication skills and the ability to work effectively with all levels of staff are required. knowledge of microcomputer applications in libraries is highly desirable. benefits: 12-month appointment, tenure-track position, rank commensurate with experience. state-mandated benefits. salary: $27,000 minimum. send resume and the names of 3 references by january 30, 1989, to: raymond a. frankie, director, j. murrey atkins library, university of north carolina at charlotte, charlotte, nc 28223. unc/charlotte is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. unc/charlotte complies fully with the immigration reform and control act of 1986. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. associate director of libraries for information access and systems. responsibilities: under the general direction of the director of libraries responsible for the day-to-day activities associated with providing library services and information to the university community. participates in the overall management, policy formulation, and planning for the libraries. provides leadership in implementing and evaluating services in a collegial, dynamic environment. recruits, supervises and evaluates heads of major service units. develops budget requests and interprets library policies to the academic community. responsible for all library functional areas with the exception of special collections, development, and administrative services. serves as liaison coordinator. requirements: ala-accredited master of library science. second master’s or higher degree required. minimum of five years experience in an academic library. record of increasing administrative responsibility. proven record of successful management and motivation of personnel. experience in both public and processing areas of academic libraries. a record of professional involvement on the sate and national level. commitment to the use of technology in the provision of information and library services. excellent oral and written communication skills. salary and benefits: minimum $40,000 for a 12 month appointment. excellent benefits package; 88% of employee portion of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement programs, including tiaa-cref; no state or local income tax. general information: texas tech, one of five comprehensive state universities in texas, has an enrollment of 24,000. it is located in lubbock, texas, a cultural and commercial center for the area with a metropolitan population of 225,000. the library has 1.1 million volumes and a materials budget of $1.7 million. planning for an online catalog is underway. application: applications received by february 1, 1989, will be assured consideration. position available immediately. send letter of application, resume, a one page statement of leadership philosophy, and names of three references to: e. dale cluff, director of libraries, texas tech university, lubbock, tx 79409. direct inquiries about ala-midwinter conference interviews to: gisela webb, assistant director of libraries for administrative services, (806) 742-2258. texas tech is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. catalog m aintenance lib r ar ia n . responsible for the maintenance and bibliographic integrity of the library’s local online databases under the supervision of the head of catalog maintenance. assists in the implementation of special projects such as linking automated files. develops documentation and trains staff. at least 1 year experience cataloging, preferably in an academic library. familiarity with lcsh, marc formats and automated systems required. must be capable of operating in a complex environment. ala accredited mls, subject master’s degree required for tenure. faculty status, 812 / c&rl news nyu tuition remission, tiaa/cref or alternative pension investment programs, five weeks annual vacation. salary commensurate with experience and background. minimum: $26,000. to insure consideration, send resume and letter of application, including the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references by december 31, 1988, to: alice deich, personnel representative, new york university libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012. new york university is an affirmative action institution. cataloger, special collections (temporary for two years). the research libraries of the new york public library seek candidates for the position of librarian iii (cataloger) for the carl h. pforzheimer shelley and his circle collection. the collection contains approximately 8,000 manuscripts, including the world’s most extensive assemblage of autograph letters, journals, poetry and prose by members of shelley’s circle. it also comprises 13,000 printed volumes which document the lives and times of these writers and their importance to later authors, critics and scholars. the incumbent will be responsible for cataloging the collection, which will include revising, editing and preparing for publication the shelley and his circle collection card catalog. mls required, as is substantial experience as a rare books and manuscripts cataloger in a research library or similar institution. position also requires general knowledge of 18th and 19th century english literature, working knowledge of a wide range of european languages, and substantial knowledge and experience in the methods and techniques of monograph and manuscript cataloging. this position offers a starting salary of $29,863 and excellent benefits. closing date: december 23, 1988. for consideration, please send resume to: francine feuerman, human resources dept., the new york public library, 8 west 40th street, new york, ny 10018. candidates selected for further consideration will be contacted for an interview. equal opportunity employer m/f. coordinator of collection development and monograph acquisitions. provides leadership in the development, evaluation and maintenance of the monograph collection in collaboration with liaison librarians and classroom faculty. chairs the library faculty’s collection development committee which recommends the allocation of the library materials budget and revisions to the collection development policy. manages two approval plans. represents library as a member of a local network collection development task force. reports to the university librarian. supervises two full-time staff and several student assistants responsible for pre-order searching, ordering, receiving, claims and reports, pre-cataloging processing, binding and gifts processing. acquisitions and copy cataloging are integrated. early tasks include: establishing a process for systematic evaluation of the existing collection by faculty; providing leadership in revising collection development policy. required: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school and at least two years experience in collection development and/or acquisitions in an academic library; knowledge of trends and issues in academic collection development and book selection. candidate must demonstrate an understanding of the instruction and research needs of students and faculty, possess oral and written communication skills, give evidence of planning and organizational skills, and have an ability to work effectively with library faculty, staff and university community. preferred: experience with automated systems. position is twelve month, tenure track, choice of tiaa/cref or state retirement system. salary $24,300 minimum. send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: sharon kimble, search committee, hunter library, western carolina university, cullowhee, nc 28723. preference will be given to applications received by january 20, 1989. hunter library has an annual monograph budget of d ecem ber 1988 / 813 approximately $225,000, processes over 10,000 volumes per year, contains over 360,000 volumes, and has a staff of 13 professionals, each of whom serves as a subject bibliographer, and 27 support staff. western carolina university shares an ls/2000 online catalog/circulation system with two other state universities. hunter library serves a student body of approximately 6,000 enrolled in programs through the master’s level. western carolina university is one of the sixteen senior institutions of the university of north carolina and an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. the university is located between the great smoky mountains and the blue ridge mountains, 55 miles west of asheville, north carolina. dean of library services. iowa state university invites nominations and applications of candidates for the position of dean of library services. iowa state university is one of 25 aau universities; graduate work is offered in more than 50 areas. the dean, chief administrative and academic officer of the university library system, has primary responsibility for collection development and management, library services, budget and planning, library automation, and personnel resources. the dean, who reports to the provost, is the official representative and advocate for the library in the university and larger academic communities. the university seeks a distinguished leader with a firm grasp of the issues facing research libraries and the trends that affect them. candidates are required to have the mls degree from an ala-accredited institution. candidates should have: 1) acknowledged national standing in the profession; 2) demonstrated success at the upper level of research library administration; 3) commitment to the intellectual and service mission of the library in the context of the university and the state as well as nationally and internationally, and to the intellectual life of the university; 4) scholarly and professional distinction (the person selected merits appointment as professor with tenure); 5) broad and effective knowledge of information technologies and automated library systems; 6) ability to provide effective leadership and promote cooperation in a collegial setting; and 7) the capacity to work and communicate effectively with other university officers, faculty, staff, students, and the general public. the candidate must have an understanding of and commitment to affirmative action. the university is particularly interested in applications from women and minorities. position available july 1, 1989. review of candidates will begin on february 1, 1989, and will continue until the position has been filled. applications must include a curriculum vitae. iowa state university is an aa/eoe employer. contact: neil e. harl, chair, search committee for dean of library services, iowa state university, c/o office of the provost, 110 beardshear hall, ames, ia 50011. director, university libraries, northern illinois university. the director is a senior faculty member and the chief administrative officer of the university libraries, serving as a member of the council of deans and reporting to the vice president and provost. a graduate degree in librarianship (mls or equivalent degree from ala-accredited program) required; in addition, a research doctorate is preferred. other responsibilities, qualifications and a detailed job description will be supplied to all applicants and nominees. starting salary: $50,000. nominations are invited by december 15, 1988. complete applications, including statement of interest and qualifications, curriculum vitae, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of five references, should be sent by january 15, 1989, to: kendall l. baker, chair, director of libraries search committee, office of the vice president and provost, n orthern illinois university, dekalb, il 60115. northern illinois university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. four positions. the texas tech university libraries seek applications from creative, dynamic and flexible individuals for the following four positions: 814 / c &rl news 1. coordinator, documents reference. responsibilities: administers the reference activities of the documents department. coordinates staffing of the reference desk, develops and implements training programs in documents reference service for professionals, support staff, and student assistants. assists in departmental policy formulation. participates in collection development and assessment, liaison and user instruction programs. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls. one to two years experience in a united states government depository library and course work in documents. academic library experience and second master’s degree preferred. good oral and written communication skills. salary: $20,000--$25,000. 2. information access librarian for maps and documents. responsibilities: provide reference service in maps/reserve and documents. service level in documents reflects regional depository status. map collection includes all depository as well as purchased maps in a rapidly growing collection. participates in collection development and liaison activities in selected subject areas with emphasis in land use, geology, geography, earth sciences, and/or agriculture. qualifications: ala accredited mls. two to five years experience required for non-entry level. knowledge of documents, as demonstrated by course work or experience. second master’s degree or background in geography, geology, earth science, or agriculture preferred. salary: $18,300--$25,000 depending on experience. 3. information access librarian for documents and bibliographic control. responsibilities: provides access to documents and other collections through the processing of federal documents and some (1/4 time) cataloging of general library materials. serves at the documents and general reference desks. participates in collection development and liaison activities in selected subject areas. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. second master’s degree preferred. experience with oclc or other major bibliographic utility desirable. knowledge of cataloging and classification codes, rules, and standards; knowledge of documents as demonstrated by course work or experience. starting salary: $18,300. 4. acquisitions/cataloging librarian for the southwest collection. responsibilities: acquires and catalogs print materials. assists in establishing policies and programs within a projected automation program of the southwest collection, an extensive research library of western americana. provides reference service, prepares bibliographies and participates in public outreach programs. trains and supervises student assistants and clerical staff. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. second master’s or training in history, humanities or related social sciences preferred. two years experience in cataloging, preferably in an academic or research setting. experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility desirable. salary: $19,200--$21,000 depending on experience. about texas tech university: ttu, one of five comprehensive state universities in texas, has an enrollment of 24,000. it is located in lubbock, texas, a commercial and cultural center for the area with a metropolitan population of 225,000. the library has 1.1 million volumes and a materials budget of $1.7 million. planning for an online catalog is underway. the university offers an excellent benefits package: 88% of employee portion of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement programs including tiaa-cref; 13 state holidays; no state or local income tax. applications received by february 1, 1989, will be assured consideration. positions are available immediately. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: e. dale cluff, director of libraries, texas tech university, lubbock, tx 79409. direct inquiries about ala midwinter conference interviews to: gisela webb, assistant director of libraries for administrative services, (806) 742-2258. texas tech is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. lib r a r ia n of wellesley college. applications and nominations are invited for the position of librarian with a starting date of july 1, 1989. the librarian reports to the dean of the college. chief duties include: providing leadership d ecem ber 1988 / 815 and policy direction for planning, organizing, coordinating, directing and evaluating all library functions and integrating them with the instructional programs of the college. select, direct and evaluate a staff of 14 librarians and a support staff of 39. establish policies for collection growth and management consistent with wellesley’s educational mission. establish priorities and goals, for the library including developing staffing and budgetary requirements. develop grant request and fund-raising strategies for the library in conjunction with the office for resources. candidates must have an mls from an ala accredited institution; an advanced degree is desirable. substantial administrative experience in a liberal arts college or university library is essential. knowledge of automated library systems strongly preferred. to receive full consideration applications with resume and the names of three references or nominations should be sent to: patricia basque, manager of employee relations, personnel office, wellesley college, wellesley, ma 02181 by february 1, 1989. wellesley college is an equal opportunity employer m/f. two positions. the university of arkansas, fayetteville, is seeking two catalogers. general requirements for each position: ala-accredited mls and knowledge of aacr2, marc bibliographic formats, lc classification, and lcsh. special projects cataloger. duties include original and copy cataloging of gifts, backlogs, government documents, special collections, and other materials as need arises. qualifications: one to three years of professional cataloging experience using oclc or other major bibliographic utility, and flexibility and willingness to catalog in several formats. preferred: oclc cataloging experience with non-book formats, foreign language knowledge, and experience with library automation. twelve-month, tenure-track faculty position. rank dependent on qualifications. salary, $20,000 minimum. tiaa/cref, 22 days annual leave, tuition and other benefits. monographs cataloger. duties include copy cataloging using member-input oclc bibliographic records, original cataloging of theses and dissertations, and producing analytics. preferred: foreign language knowledge, and experience with library automation. twelve-month, tenure-track faculty position. rank dependent on qualifications. salary, $19,000 minimum. tiaa/cref, 22 days annual leave, tuition and other benefits. the university of arkansas, fayetteville, is a land-grant university and the major academic research institution in the state, offering a full range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. situated in the ozarks, fayetteville (population 40,000) offers cultural and recreational opportunities associated with natural beauty and a university community. applications accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, indicating the position for which you are applying, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to: john a. harrison, director of libraries, university of arkansas, fayetteville, ak 72701. the university of arkansas is an equal­ opportunity, affirmative-action employer. 816 / c &rl news original thinking… risk-taking… innovation… managing for change… these are the qualities needed by academic librarians facing the challenges of the 1990s. the hugh c. atkinson memorial award endow­ ment encourages the development of leaders possessing these important qualities through the annual recognition of a librarian with the vision to carry us into the 21 st century. your contribution will ensure the endowment’s continued ability to give this award. your gift is important. please send in your donation today. acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries march 1989 / 237 brary community; discuss the implication of the national commission on libraries and informa­ tion science’s posture as related to federal li­ braries; and identify resources, publications, and specialized services provided by federal li­ braries. participants will be addressed by 25 di­ rectors of federal information programs and sev­ eral membership association representatives. contact: the school of library and information science, the catholic university of america, washington, dc 20064; (202) 635-5085. ■ ■ theeci fsidsas adl deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.25 per line for acrl members, $6.60 for others. late job notices are $12.60 per line for members, $14.70 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accom panied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep't, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. educational opportunity library graduate assistants for 1989 academic year mankato state university is seeking individuals who possess either an mls or ma in library science and who wish to work on a subject master degree while gaining valuable professional experience in an academic library. msu offers master degrees in over 60 academic d is c ip lin e s . g ra d u a te a s sista n tsh ip s are in te rn s h ip s in the discipline—in this case, two disciplines—library science and the sub­ ject discipline of your choice. graduate assistants supervise student workers and perform other professional services in the public and technical services of the library. public service positions include refannual ala peace award ala’s social responsibilities round table, its peace information exchange task force, and social issues resources series, in c., have established an annual peace award. the award will be given to a library, which in the course of its educational and social mission, or to a librar­ ian, who in the course of professional activities, has contributed significantly to the advance­ ment of knowledge related to issues of interna­ tional peace and security. the contribution may be in the form of, but not limited to: a bibliographical compilation, research and publication of an original histori­ cal nature, or a non-print media creation, dis­ play, or distribution. nominations must be submitted by january 6 , 1 9 9 0 . f o r m ore in fo rm a tio n , c o n ta c t: stephen j. stillwell j r ., librarian/csia , 79 kennedy st., #369, cam bridge, ma 02138; (617) 495-1408. erence, government publications, online database searching, interli­ brary loan, educational resource center, media production, circula­ tion, maps, periodicals, and bibliographic instruction. positions in the technical services include acquisitions, cataloging, and library research. successful candidates must show evidence of demonstra­ ble working experience in one of the areas listed. a full assistantship averages 20 hours of work and pays $160 per week for 34 weeks of the academic year. additionally, graduate assistants qualify for in­ state tuition and for one-half tuition remission of 6 to 12 graduate credits per quarter during the academic year. mankato state univer­ sity library, a dynamic information center for over 16,000 students and area users, has a staff of 25 librarians, 24 classified staff, 20 graduate assistants, and over 200 student workers. memorial li­ brary is the home of the pals automated system, a nationally known integrated library system featuring an online catalog, a circulation system, an interlibrary loan module, a serials control system, and an acquisition system. authority control and inventory control are under development. a letter of application outlining your experiences in an academic library, your resume, and the names and telephone num­ bers of three current references should be sent to: thomas m. peis chl, dean of the library, mankato state university, msu box 19, mankato, mn 56002; telephone 507-389-5953. applications from minorities are encouraged; mankato state university is an equal o p ­ portunity university and employer. positions open acquisitions librarian. james madison university is seek­ ing a person to be responsible for management of m onographic ac­ quisitions department including 3 support staff; reports to the univer­ sity l ib ra ria n . p ro vid e s le a d e rs h ip in d e v e lo p in g /c h o o s in g automated acquisitions system, administers allocation system, moni­ tors vendor performance and updates vendor contracts in conform­ ity with state regulations. monographic budget currently in excess of $300,000. member collection development committee. serves as liaison to one academic department including offering library instruc­ tion plus 4 6 hours/week on reference desk. required: ala accredited mls, minimum of 2 years experience in acquisitions, fa­ miliarity with oclc and autom ated library systems. desirable: knowledge of preservation issues and techniques, familiarity with using marc formats for securing bibliographic data and database 238 / cirrl news management using microcomputers. library faculty expected to meet service and research requirements for promotion and tenure. minimum salary $2 8 ,0 0 0 .1 2-month tenure-track appointment. ben­ efits include 20 days annual leave, state or tiaa/cref retirement options, paid life insurance, bc/bs. send letter of application with complete resume and names, addresses, phone numbers of 3 pro­ fessional references to: dennis e. robison, university librarian, car­ rier library, james madison university, harrisonburg, va 22807. screening of candidates will begin april 15, position will remain open until filled. interviewing will be held at acrl conference. james madison university is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity em­ ployer. assistant business librarian, michigan state university library (librarian i). reporting to head of the business library, pro­ vides reference services in business and related subjects. performs collection development, database searching, bibliographic instruc­ tion, and other specialized services, and actively participates in liai­ son with faculty, staff and students in the college of business and related programs. develops and updates bibliographies, handouts, and vertical files, and performs collection management activities. su­ pervises student assistants. responsibilities may include scheduled evening and weekend hours. required qualifications include a mas­ ter’s degree from an accredited program in library science; dem on­ strated ability to communicate effectively, both orally and in writing; and ability to work effectively with faculty, students and staff. social sciences or business background, and training or experience in database searching preferred. other desired qualifications include advanced study in business, social science or a related field. mini­ mum salary, $21,000. serving one of the largest and most active business programs in the united states, msu’s business library is a dynamic service organization with two professional librarians, two full-time support staff, and approximately 8 fte student assistants. position approval is pending; mention position pro-82e. submit let­ ter of application, a resume, and the names and addresses of three current references to: eugene wiemers, jr., head, social sciences and humanities library, main library, michigan state university, east lansing, ml 48824-1048. applications received by march 31, 1989, will receive priority consideration. position will remain open until filled. msu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. assistant undergraduate services librarian. par ticipates in a program of library services for undergraduates. super­ vises the reserve book room. plans and manages the freshman ori­ entation program and participates in other undergraduate user education programs. recommends new titles in some subject areas for the core collection (50,000 key books selected for undergradu­ ates) and works at social sciences and humanities reference desk a few hours a week. (this is a permanently funded public services po­ sition but, due to planning in progress, the responsibilities may change in the future.) qualifications: master’s degree from accred­ ited library school required. academ ic background in social sci­ ences or humanities and reading knowledge of a foreign language strongly preferred. two years professional library experience. aca­ demic library reference experience and supervisory experience re­ quired. must have excellent communication skills. salary $23,000 minimum. send letter of application and resume to: ann smith, per­ sonnel manager, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60208. applications received by march 31, 1989, will be consid­ ered. northwestern university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. bibliographer and reference librarian, asian stud ies, michigan state university library (librarian i or ii). reporting to head of social sciences and humanities collection development, provides collection development, bibliographic instruction and spe­ cialized reference services in asian studies, including east, south­ east and south asia. participates in all aspects of work of the social sciences and humanities collection development, including selec­ tion, collection management, public service and outreach, and pro­ vides scheduled reference services in social sciences and humani­ ties reference or in documents library, including evening and weekend hours. works with technical services staff to assist in bib­ liographic description and subject assignments of materials in ver­ nacular languages. depending upon qualifications, assignment may include collection development and public service responsibili­ ties for subjects outside asian studies. required qualifications in­ clude a master's degree from an accredited program in library sci­ ence, ed u ca tio n a l b a ckg ro u n d or exp e rie n ce with research materials in one or more disciplines related to asian studies, and knowledge of japanese or chinese (chinese preferred). demon­ strated ability to communicate effectively, both orally and in writing, and ability to work effectively with faculty, students and staff are also required. appointment will be made at librarian i or ii level, depend­ ing upon qualifications; appointment at the rank of librarian ii re­ quires at least three years of successful professional experience in an academic or research library or substantial equivalent experi­ ence. other desired qualifications include an advanced degree in a discipline related to asian studies, additional foreign language ex­ pertise, collection development or reference experience in a re­ search library and teaching experience. minimum salary $21,000, depending upon qualifications. ssh collection development has principal responsibility for developing and managing collections in social sciences and humanities. staff includes 11 full-time librarians and 17 other selectors within the library system. position approval is pending; mention position pro-201e. submit a letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three current references to: eugene wiemers, jr., head, social sciences and humanities li­ brary, main library, michigan state university, east lansing, ml 48824-1048. applications received by march 15,1989, will receive priority consideration. position will remain open until filled. msu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. business librarian. responsibilities divided between refer­ ence and collection development departments in areas of business and economics; serves at reference desk, participates in biblio­ graphic instruction, assists in developing reference collection; liai­ son between economic and business departments and library and selects materials in those fields. qualifications: master of library sci­ ence from ala-accredited school; minimum of two years reference experience with significant business reference component required; academic degree in business or economics, experience with elec­ tronic databases and collection development experience highly de­ sirable. salary: minimum $25,000. start date: as soon as possible. send resume and references to: peggy weissert, library personnel officer, theodore m. hesburgh library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556, by april 15,1989, for insured consid­ eration. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. catalog librarian (immediate opening), methodist college, a small liberal arts college and an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer, welcomes applications for a tenure-track, twelve-month, faculty appointment. responsibilities include cataloguing of materi­ als in all formats, archives, supervising catalog department, automa­ tion planning, some reference services. occasional weekend work, mls and two years of current cataloguing experience in an aca­ demic library; working knowledge of dewey system, lc subject headings, aacr2; some online searching experience. minimum of $18,000. minority candidates are especially encouraged to apply. send application, resume, graduate transcripts and three letters of reference by april 15, to: susan pulsipher, director of library ser­ vices, methodist college, 5400 ramsey street, fayetteville, nc 28311-1499; (919)488-7110. catalog librarians. the university library system is seeking two faculty librarians. both positions require an ala-accredited mls degree (or recognized equivalent). 1) head, copy cataloging sec­ tion. responsible for the daily management and supervision of monographic copy cataloging under the direction of the head, cata­ log department. the section handles both titles with library of con­ gress copy and most oclc member copy, plus the cataloging of most ph.d. dissertations and master’s theses. three years experi­ ence in technical services including demonstrated competency in original cataloging and classification required. ability to work with at least two modern european languages is essential. supervisory ex­ perience required as is a strong interest in work in an academic re­ search library. working knowledge of a major bibliographic utility and local automated systems desirable. must have strong interper­ sonal, oral and written communication skills, and be able to work with diverse groups in an ever changing automated environment. 2) his­ panic/latin american cataloger. the primary responsibility is the original cataloging of monographs, document, and non-print materi­ als in the spanish and portuegese languages, and the enhancing of some oclc member copy cataloging. this position is in the original cataloging section of the catalog department and reports to the head of the catalog department. fluency in spanish is required, portuguese helpful. must have knowledge of aacr2 and lc classifi­ cation. experience in original cataloging and using oclc preferred. applicant must have strong interest in work in an academic research library. must have strong interpersonal, oral and written communicamarch 1989 / 239 tion skills, and be able to work with diverse groups in an ever chang­ ing automated environment. salary and rank commensurate with qualifications. applications must be received no later than march 17, 1989. apply in writing, including a resume and three letters of refer­ ence, to: secretary, search committee, 271 hillman library, uni­ versity of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, pa 15260. the university of pitts­ bu rgh is an a ffirm a tiv e -a c tio n , e q u a l-o p p o rtu n ity e m p lo ye r. minorities are actively sought. cataloger. the health sciences library at the university of north carolina at chapel hill invites applications for cataloger. this position shares responsibilities for cataloging using oclc and a lo­ cally developed online catalog, assigning lc or nlm classification and mesh headings, and investigating and helping resolve catalog­ ing problems or inconsistencies. monographic retrocon, serials re trocon, and the creation of detailed holdings records for serials are nearly complete; these records are included in a multi-institutional database. this position reports to the head of cataloging services and works in a department totaling 7 fte. required: ala-accredited master’s degree and minimum of two years cataloging experience using marc and aacr2. some of the following experience prefer­ red: using oclc, mesh and the nlm classification; cataloging both monographs and serials; cataloging in non-print or rare books formats. educational background in life sciences also helpful. quali­ ties sought include: excellent interpersonal and communication skills, flexibility, initiative, good problem solving skills, interest in pro­ fessional involvement, and a commitment to serving the information needs of health professionals. salary based on experience and other factors; minimum salary $22,000. the health sciences library has a professional staff of 24; it serves 5 professional schools and north carolina memorial hospital. send letter of application, curriculum vi­ tae, and names of 3 references to: carol jenkins, director, health sciences library cs# 7585, university of north carolina at chapel hill, chapel hill, nc 27599-7585. to be assured of consid­ eration, applications should be received by march 31, 1989. an af­ firmative action, equal opportunity employer. c a ta lo g er , m o n o g r a p h s /m u s ic . assistant professor (tenure-leading). cataloging department starting july 1. the suc­ cessful candidate will be responsible for the original cataloging of print and nonprint m onographic materials in the arts, humanities, and social sciences, with an emphasis on music; the editing of non­ library of congress copy from the oclc database, including proce­ dures for enhance and upgrade; making series and name authority decisions for assigned subject and language areas; acting as a re­ source person for cataloging assistants in assigned subject areas and foreign languages; and completing special assignments as nec­ essary. required: mls from an am erican library association accredited library school; familiarity with oclc or similar cataloging utility; knowledge of lc classification, lc subject headings, and aacr2; course work at the undergraduate or graduate level in mu­ sic history and/or music theory; and a good working knowledge of one european language. preferred: professional and/or preprofes­ sional cataloging experience and a secondary foreign language. $19,500 minimum for a 12-month contract. salary may be higher de­ pending upon the qualifications of the successful applicant. apply with full resume plus names and current addresses/telephone num­ bers of three references by april 15 to: kent hendrickson, dean of libraries, 106 love library, university of nebraska-lincoln, lin­ coln, ne 68588-0410. affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. classics cataloger. university of cincinnati. responsible for original and oclc cataloging of materials, primarily monographs, for the classics library with a collection of 130,000 volumes. the u.c. libraries have an online catalog (uclid), the database of which contains 900,000 records representing the holdings of all u.c. library system s. r equired q ualifications: mls from an ala accredited program; reading knowledge of latin and one or more european languages; degree in classical studies or related field; demonstrated knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, and marc tagging; ability to communicate clearly orally and in writing; and ability to work effectively with colleagues. preferred qualifica­ tions: reading knowledge of greek; experience in cataloging with oclc or a n o th e r b ib lio g ra p h ic u tility. s alary range $21,000-$25,000 depending on qualifications. letter of application, including resume and the names and addresses of three references must be postmarked no later than may 1, 1989. send to: mark w. weber, personnel officer, university of cincinnati libraries, mail location 33, cincinnati, oh 45221-0033. the university of cincinchief of catalog department the stanford university libraries seek an experienced, energetic and flexible manager, comfortable with and effective in a dynamic technical services environment to head the catalog department. as the libraries move to implement an integrated on­ line processing system, the chief of the catalog department will play a key role in shaping and coordinating the process of transition. we invite applications from individu­ als who can demonstrate: significant experience in providing bibliographic access to and control of a wide range of library materials and an ability to see the relationship of cataloging to all local and national library pro-" grams; superior administrative and planning skills; effective interpersonal skills, including the ability to manage change in a complex environment; solic communications skills and evi­ dence of creative and imaginative contributions to overall library man­ agement. the chief of the catalog department directs a staff of 60.25 fte (including 22.25 librarians) and is responsible for all cataloging functions for monographs as well as for defining appropriate levels of bibliographic access for all library ma­ terials, developing appropriate policies and processes for achieving them, and coordinating necessary resources. senior librarian ($39,400­ 57,600). send letter of application, resume and names of 3 professional references by march 3 1 ,1989 to irene yeh, assistant library per­ sonnel officer, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305­ 6004. cite #903-crl, on all corre­ spondence, eeo/aae. stanford university t u t 240 / c irr l n ew s nati is an affirmative action, equal employment opportunity em­ ployer. college archivist/spec ia l collections librarian. dickinson college, carlisle, pennsylvania. seeks a creative, ener­ getic archivist/librarian to assume responsibility for its archives and special collections department housing historic and contemporary records from all divisions of the college plus rare books, photo­ graphs, and over 400 manuscript collections. this position involves continuing collection development and preservation, work with the friends of the library, provision of direct services to faculty and stu­ dents through a busy instruction program, liaison with several aca­ dem ic departments and active participation in the collegial m anage­ ment of the entire library. master’s in history and ala-accredited mls preferred, or advanced degree in history with significant archi­ val experience. previous work with amc format highly desirable. sal­ ary $26,500 or higher depending on qualifications. full benefit pack­ age. available july 1,1989. send letter of application, vita and three letters of recommendation (or university placement file) to: ella for­ syth, chairperson, department of library resources, dickinson college, carlisle, pa 17013. closing date: april 15,1989. will con­ duct some interviews at acrl in cincinnati. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. curator (associate) library special collections. directs the technical processing and preservation of the library’s special collections. processes collections from original and retro­ spective cataloging of 18th-20th century manuscripts via oclc/ marc amc format and the library of congress subject headings; requires graduate degree in american/european history or library science plus 1 -2 years experience and/or training in manuscript and archives processing, 1 year experience with the amc format for cataloging archival and manuscript materials, some supervisory ex­ perience, and in-depth knowledge of colonial biographical and bibli­ ographical reference sources. salary range is $16,6 50-$25,825 de­ p e n d in g up on e xp e rie n ce and e d u ca tion . e xcelle nt benefits. application deadline is march 15, 1989. send resume to: employ­ ment specialist, the colonial w illiam sburg foundation, p 0. box c, williamsburg, va 23187. eoe/aa. director. the university of wisconsin-madison general library system is accepting applications for the position of director of the steenbock agricultural & life sciences library. full state benefits. salary range: $39,058-$58,586. responsibilities: administration and management of steenbock library, including longand short range planning, setting goals & objectives, developing policies & procedures, allocating budget & personnel resources, and for pro­ gram development. qualifications: ala/mls. 5 years experience in academic or research library, with movement to positions of increas­ ing responsibility, including 3 years high level administrative and su­ pervisory experience is required. experience in the life sciences field desirable. demonstrable leadership ability. strong oral and written communication skills. applicants should submit a writing sample and final candidates must present a paper on a relevant topic before an audience. send letter of application, resume, & names, a d ­ dresses, and phone numbers of 3 references to: priscilla neill, uni­ versity of w isconsin-madison, memorial library, 728 state st., madison, wl 53706, or call mary baremore at (608) 262-2768, for full announcement. deadline: april 3 ,1 9 8 9 . eeo/aa. director of library, the university of wisconsin-river falls, 30 miles east of st. paul, minnesota, enrollment of 5,200. responsi­ bilities include management, planning, and development of an auto­ mated library with over 200,000 holdings, a textbook rental library and archives; supervision of 7 professional and 9 support persons; and administration of the budget. reports to the vice chancellor. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited institution, 2nd master’s or doctorate preferred. minimum of 5 years academic library experi­ ence with increasing administrative responsibility. salary range: $39,500-$48,800. appointm ent available august 15, 1989. to re­ ceive full consideration, applications should be received by march 20,1989. a pply to: brian copp, chair, library director search com­ mittee, 117 north hall, university of w isconsin-river falls, river falls, wl 54022. an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. fine arts librarian at the university of california, irvine li­ bra ry. a ssistant or a ssociate lib ra ria n rank, salary ran g e of $25,380-$44,676. deadline april 1, 1989, but applications will be accepted until the position is filled. as a reference librarian, shares responsibility for reference desk assistance, database searching and bibliographic instruction; acts as liaison with school of fine arts, specifically the d epartm ents of a rt history, studio art, dance, drama and music. as a bibliographer, shares responsibility for de­ velopment and management of all library collections, especially to support the school of fine arts. requires ala-accredited mls de­ gree, degree in fine arts or commensurate experience, commit­ ment to public service, excellent communication skills, basic com ­ puter literacy. desired: post-baccalaureate degree in fine arts (preferably music or art history); experience in collection develop­ ment, bibliographic instruction and database searching; reading knowledge of at least one major european language. send applica­ tion letter with 1) complete statement of qualifications, 2) resume of education and relevant experience, and 3) the names, addresses and telephone numbers of 3 references to: anne rimmer, library personnel services, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. telephone (714) 856-7115. general reference librarian, university libraries date of appointment: september 1,1989. salary: $22,000 entry level. term of appointment: twelve-month contract. academ ic rank: assistant professor or above, depending upon qualifications, as a general ref­ erence librarian. reports to: head of the general reference depart­ ment. e du catio n r equirem ents: m inim um mls from an ala accredited library school and a second master’s or 30 hours of graduate course work beyond the mls, or its equivalent, required for an appointment at the rank of assistant professor. qualifications: demonstrated ability to communicate effectively, basic knowledge of online database searching, strong interest in providing library in­ struction services. duties and responsibilities: under the direction of the head of the general reference department, participates in the full range of departmental activities including reference service on a scheduled basis with some weekend and evening hours, online database searches, and library instruction in both formal and infor­ mal settings. applicants should have a strong commitment to public service-oriented librarianship. benefits: illinois state retirement sys­ tem, 24 vacation days, faculty status and rank. deadline for a pplica­ tions/nominations: june 1,1 989 . send a cover letter with 1) a com ­ plete statement of qualifications, 2) resume of education and relevant experience, and 3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references to: elizabeth a. titus, assistant director for public services, 414 founders memorial library, northern illi­ nois university, dekalb, il 60115. public services librarian bucknell university public services librarian in a new integrated refer­ ence service program. available august 1, 1989. desk coverage (some evening and weekend as­ signments), multi-format collection development in­ cluding government documents, online and cd rom services, user education, and database searching. required: ala-mls, and database searching training. preferred: experience with alter­ native information resources and social sciences background. entry-level salary minimum $21,000. for maximum consideration please send resume and names of three references by april 15,1989, to: ann de klerk director of library services ellen clarke bertrand library bucknell university lewisburg, pa 17837 applications from m embers of minority groups are encouraged. march 1989 / 241 g overnm ent d o c u m e n t s /t e c h n ic a l ser v ic e s l i­ brarian. responsible for developing and maintaining a collection of federal, state, and local documents. the position involves both technical and public services duties including library instruction, fac­ ulty liaison, general reference desk work, and cataloging. qualifica­ tions: an ala-accredited mls, good interpersonal skills are re­ quired. strong interest and background in government documents; the ability to catalog using sudocs, lc classification and subject headings, and aacr2; experience with library instruction; and knowledge of a foreign language are highly desirable. minimum sal­ ary is $20,000, tenure-track, tiaa/cref, 24 days’ annual leave. send letter of application, resume, the names of 3 references, and a sample of written work by april 15 to: ella jane bailey, university li­ brary, university of nebraska at omaha, omaha, ne 68182­ 0237. review of resumes will continue until position is filled. aa, eoe. head, b ib l io g r a p h ic m a in t e n a n c e u n it . reports to chair, cataloging department. ksu library is currently implement­ ing notis. this person will be involved in the planning and imple­ mentation of authority control and the online catalog on the notis system. responsibilities include maintenance and quality control of bibliographic records via autom ated library system (ls/2) and oclc; manages and coordinates the maintenance of all card cata­ logs in the libraries; monitors authority files and cross-reference structures; oversees physical processing of materials; selects, trains, directs, and evaluates unit personnel of 5 classified staff and 2 fte student assistants. engages in unit and departmental planning, de­ velops procedures, maintains unit statistics, prepares unit reports. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; two years ex­ perience in a cataloging department which uses an automated bib­ liographic utility; knowledge of lc classification and subject head­ ings, a ac r 2 an d m ar c fo rm a ts ; on e ye a r of s u p e rv is o ry experience, effective oral and written communications. preferred: knowledge of and experience with development of an online catalog and online authority control. salary: $22,000 minimum for a 12 month appointment. librarians at ksu have academic rank and are eligible for tenure, sabbatical leave, and research support. vacation of 22 working days. choice of retirement and medical plans. kansas state university is a land-grant institution with an enrollment of over 19,000 students and a materials budget of over 2 million dollars. ksu is located in manhattan, a community of 45,000 in the rolling flint hills. deadline for applications is march 30,1989. send letter of application, resume and names, addresses and telephone numbers of 3 references to: jean mcdonald, administrative services officer, kansas state university libraries, manhattan, ks 66506. ksu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and mi­ norities are encouraged to apply. head, catalog maintenance department. the colum bia libraries are in the process of implementing an online integrated system for information services. a central com ponent of the system is the online catalog, clio, which will become a notis-based sys­ tem in spring 1989. the libraries add approximately 90,000 new catalog records each year, and will be engaged for some time in con­ tinuing retrospective conversion of older records. active collection maintenance and preservation programs contribute to a high vol­ ume of catalog maintenance activity. we seek a head of the catalog maintenance department with the skills needed to manage a broad range of maintenance activities, and the vision and energy required to take an active role in planning database maintenance and author­ ity control functions in a changing environment. reporting to the as­ sistant director for bibliographic control, the head of catalog main­ tenance manages catalog maintenance activities for both manual and machine-readable records, and participates in planning related to the libraries’ bibliographic control functions. the catalog maintelllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll binghamton assistant director for technical services s t a t e un,v e r s ,ty o f n e w y o r k associate ubrarian or librarian rank the state university of new york at binghamton is one of the four comprehensive doctoral-granting uni­ versity centers of the 64 campus system. the suny-binghamton library system is composed of the glenn g. bartle library, serving the humani­ ties and social sciences and housing the centralized technical services operation, and two satellite libraries for science and fine arts. the library is a member of the research libraries group and its research li­ braries information network. reporting to the director of libraries, this position has primary responsibility for management and coor­ dination of the centralized acquisitions, serials, cataloging and bibliographic services departments, cur­ rently comprised of 49 fte staff. this person serves on the director’s council and will have an opportunity to play a leadership role in organizational changes and in the implementation of automated systems in a dynamic and changing organization. qualifications include an mls from an ala-accredited program; demonstrated leadership, manage­ ment and human relations skills with successful supervisory experience; five years of progressively respon­ sible experience in technical services in a university library, including supervision of staff and faculty; expe­ rience with automated cataloging systems (preferably rlin and notis); demonstrated ability to communicate clearly both orally and in writing. screening will begin on april 1 and will continue until position is filled. salary range $38,000 to $45,000, commensurate with qualifications, plus excellent fringe benefits, including tiaa/cref. send cover letter, current resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: eleanor l. heishman director of libraries state university of new york at binghamton glenn g. bartle library binghamton, ny 13901 suny-binghamton is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. i l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l l 242 / c& rl n ews nance department (6 support staff plus 2 fte student assistants) has responsibility for withdrawals, shelflisting and central shelflist mainte­ nance, error analysis and correction, bibliographic headings mainte­ nance, and maintenance of physical catalogs. with the transition to a notis-based catalog, it is anticipated that the department will as­ sume additional responsibilities for the quality and control of on-line authority files, as well as for such post-cataloging activities as trans­ fers and reclassification, with an increase in the size of the depart­ ment possible. as one of four department heads within the biblio­ graphic control division, the incumbent coordinates activities with the heads of original monographs cataloging, cataloging with copy, and serials cataloging. the incumbent also provides advice and assistance in support of catalog maintenance activities in de­ partmental libraries and distinctive collections. in addition to an ac­ credited mls, requirements include: strong organizational and ana­ lytical skills; effective oral and written communications skills; energy and vision as demonstrated through successful supervisory experi­ ence and/or innovative work in technical services; and knowledge of and experience in the application of cataloging principles and proce­ dures such as aacr2, lc subject headings and classification, and marc formats. knowledge of automated cataloging procedures and bibliographic control developments, research library and super­ visory experience, and experience in the use of rlin and notis are desirable. salary ranges are: librarian i, $26,500-$34,450; librar­ ian ii, $28,500-$38,475; librarian iii, $31,500-$48,575. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. send resume, listing names, addresses and phone numbers of three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, direc­ tor of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is march 31, 1989. an affirmative action equal opportunity employer. head librarian, college of jewish studies. gratz college, the oldest non-denominational college of jewish studies in the u.s. seeks chief librarian for 100,000+ item collection. gratz is relocating to a suburban campus where a new library is being built. qualifica­ tions: familiarity with computerization and databases; hebrew re­ quired, yiddish desirable; management experience; mls, jewish studies degree; 5 + years experience. salary commensurate with qualifications, in the 30’s. send vitae and 3 references by march 30, to: chair library search, gratz college, 10th st. & tabor rd., phila­ delphia, pa 19141. head of government publications and microforms department (search extended). department is staffed by one fte librarian (the department head), and three fte library assis­ tants. it maintains five areas: u.s., california state and local, british, un, and international organizations. the department is responsible for microtext operations as well. duties and responsibilities: opera­ tion of the government publications and microforms department for the libraries of the claremont colleges: develops and manages the department; direct responsibility for one of the five collection ar­ eas; participates in reference services and instructional programs. analyzes, recommends and implements the automation of the proc­ essing and control of government publications as warranted by cur­ rent developments. oversees microtext operations. hires, orga­ nizes, trains, schedules, supervises, and evaluates government publications staff. conducts in-house staff development workshops. prepares budgets, annual reports and other reports as needed. consults with the libraries’ subject bibliographers on selections. serves as member of the libraries' expanded line officers group. salary: $25,000-530,000. qualifications: mls degree. thorough knowledge of depository programs and government publications collection development; ability to provide public services in one or more of the five collection areas; one to two years’ supervisory expe­ rience, preferably in a academic library. highly desirable: experi­ ence in reference services and library instructional programs. expe­ rience with automated library systems. send resume with names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references. include cover letter with statement of qualifications. apply to: alberta walker, chair-search committee, honnold library, the claremont col­ leges, claremont, ca 91711. applications accepted until a selec­ tion is made. head of reference services at arizona state university, where a totally new reference complex is being created on the mez­ zanine overlooking the new underground library addition. primary responsibilities include management of the reference department (15 librarians, 3 support staff) in the main library, development and administration of active programs of reference support and faculty liaison (including collection development), coordination with other administrators of related information services; strategic planning; ref­ erence desk service. required: ala-accredited mls degree; five years’ experience at the professional level in academic or research libraries; three years’ experience in the provision of reference ser­ vices; successful experience as a supervisor of librarians; excellent interpersonal and communication skills; skill in the use of new tech­ nologies in the provision of reference services, including online data­ bases, microcomputers and com pact disks; experience and/or train­ ing in collection developm ent and management; demonstrated leadership qualities. preferred: three years’ experience at the de­ partment head level in a large academic or research library; aca­ demic degree or experience in providing library services in the social « w w * w . w * w w w w w w . reference librarian the pennsylvania state university penn state university at erie, the behrend col­ lege, seeks an energetic, creative reference librar­ ian for a growing and increasingly busy library. du­ ties include reference desk coverage, including evening hours, participation in an expanding biblio­ graphic instruction program, computerized litera­ ture searching, and collection development. the behrend college library is part of a system of li­ braries linked by penn state’s lias, a sophisti­ cated, user-friendly, interactive computer system. librarians are members of both a beautiful 600 acre campus in suburban erie, pennsylvania, is a dy­ namic, growing, comprehensive liberal arts institu­ tion offering more than 25 four-year and graduate degree subscriptions and will be moving to a new, greatly expanded facility in 1991. the city and county of erie offer a low cost of living and a variety of cultural and year-around recreational opportuni­ ties. requirements: ala-accredited mls or equiva­ lent, strong oral and written communication skills, strong generalist background and orientation. sec­ ond advanced degree in the humanities or social sciences, experience in computer searching, in­ structional experience desirable. potential for pro­ motion and tenure will be considered. available july 1, 1989. salary and rank depen­ dent on qualifications, minimum $23,000. benefits include liberal vacation, excellent insurances, state or tiaa/cref retirement options and educational privilege. to apply, send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: nancy slaybaugh personnel coordinator box br-acrl penn state university e1 pattee library university park, pa 16802 application deadline april 15, 1989. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer; women and minorities are encouraged to apply. iv ^ v w a w a w iv w w a w . march 1989 / 243 sciences or humanities. salary: $38,000 minimum (negotiable, de­ pendent on qualifications and experience). to apply: send letter of application and resume which together address all of the qualifica­ tions listed above, and the names, addresses and telephone num­ bers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of university libraries, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287-1006, (phone 602-965-3417). recruitment will re­ main open until the position is filled, but review of applications will begin april 15,1989. asu is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. head, online cataloging section the online cataloging section head supervises personnel involved with the plans for biblio­ graphic record searching, online cataloging of marc monographs, and the creation of machine-readable bibliographic records for ret­ rospective conversion. the section head supervises six library assis­ tants and three part-time student assistants. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; experience with marc formats and online cataloging. preferred: experience with integrated online sys­ tems; supervisory experience. salary: minimum $28,000. applica­ tions received by april 28,1989, will be given first consideration; ap­ plications will be accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume and names of three references and/or place­ ment bureau address to: dennis r. defa, 328 marriott library, uni­ versity of utah, salt lake city, ut 84112. the university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and mi­ norities are encouraged to apply. head, o r ig in a l c a ta lo g in g depa rtm ent (search ex tended). provides overall supervision and management for the origi­ nal cataloging department under the direction of the head, process­ ing division. department is responsible for all description cataloging, lc classification, and lc subject headings as needed for oclc member-input records. participates in weekly planning meetings. department consists of 4 entry-level professional librarians, 2 experi­ enced catalogers, and 4.5 classified staff. qualifications: ala-mls. minimum 4 years progressively responsible professional (post-mls) cataloging experience, preferably in an online environment. require at least one year in an academic or large research library. experi­ ence with marc formats, aacr2, lc rule interpretations, and li­ brary of congress subject headings. must have experience with oclc or similar bibliographic utility. experience with notis desir­ able. supervisory and management skills appropriate to the posi­ tion. salary: $24,000 minimum for 10.5 months; $25,000 with addi­ tional master’s. benefits: competitive benefits package. no state income tax. faculty rank. texas a&m is located in bryan/college station, between austin and houston. closing date: applications re­ ceived by april 30,1989, will receive first consideration. write or call for complete description of duties, qualifications and benefits. to ap­ ply, send letter of application, resume and names and telephone numbers of three professional references to: roberta pitts, head, personnel operations, evans library, texas a&m university, col­ lege station, tx 77843-5000. phone: (409) 845-8111. aa.eeo em­ ployer. head, reference department. the henry madden library of california state university, fresno, seeks an innovative, flexible, and service-oriented librarian to provide leadership for the library's reference department. the department consists of 7 professionals, 3 support staff, and 6.8 fte student assistants. the head of referhead, catalog department librarian university of california-berkeley serving the library at berkeley plus 19 of the 23 library branches on campus, the catalog department is responsible for all original cataloging of monographs, media, and machine-readable datafiles in all lan­ guages except chinese, japanese and korean. in addition, the department coordinates cataloging and authority control policy throughout the library, including the bibliographic services department, the seri­ als cataloging division, four branch cataloging units and other departments. duties: the catalog department head librarian is responsible for the management of the department, including planning, personnel administration, budgetary control, administrative reporting, and overall op­ eration of the services provided by the staff. as chair of the cataloging council, an advisory group of 13 heads of cataloging units at berkeley, the individual in this position coordinates cataloging and authority control policies. qualifications: mls degree or equivalent and substantial academic or research library experience is required, plus demonstrable successful management of a cataloging or similar unit, including experience with budget and personnel administration. the ability to exercise leadership with a large staff, a commit­ ment to staff participation, and excellent communication skills are also essential. rank and salary (range: $42,900-$49,000) will be based on the qualifications of the candidate selected. the position will be avail­ able 1 july 1989 or as soon thereafter as possible. closing date for applications: this position will remain open until 25 april 1989. apply in writing, including a complete resume with cover letter and the names and addresses of three professional references, to: janice h. burrows director, library human resources human resources department room 447 library university of california berkeley, ca 94720 the university of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 244 / c irr l news curator of judaica and hebralca collections the stanford university libraries seek applications from qualified professionals with strong backgrounds in jewish studies to become the first reinhard family curator of judaica and hebraica collections at stanford. principal responsibilities of the curator are to develop and manage the libraries’ growing collections in support of stanford’s recently created jewish studies program. the curator is also expected to develop programs of specialized reference and instruction, work with technical services staff to develop procedures for the processing of materials, participate in library development efforts, and to contribute to the general effectiveness of the libraries’ collection development pro­ gram. candidates should have significant experience in academic libraries, a knowledge of the nature and distribution of library materials in the field of jewish studies, and demonstrated professional accomplishments. appropriate linguistic skills and mls or the equivalent in practice are also required. graduate training in jewish studies and related fields is highly desirable as is familiarity with technical processing practices, especially cataloging. evidence of effective oral and written communication is necessary, and candidates should be able to demonstrate the ability to work effectively with library staff as well as with faculty and students. applications received by march 31, 1989 will be given first consideration. associate librarian ($29,700-$41,400) or librarian ($33,900-$50,000) rank depending on qualifica­ tions and experience. send letter of application, resume and three letters of reference from professionals who are knowl­ edgeable of your qualifications for this position to irene yeh, assistant library personnel officer, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305-6004. cite #902-crl on all correspondence. eeo/aae. stanford university march 1989 / 245 ence is responsible for general reference service; interlibrary lend­ ing; bibliographic instruction; com puterized information service (database searching and cd-roms); and, selection and manage­ ment of the reference collection. the head of reference reports to the associate dean for administration and serves on the library’s administrative council. qualifications required: mls from an ala accredited institution; substantial reference and/or other public ser­ vice experience in an academic library, including some supervisory responsibilities; ability to establish effective working relationships with faculty, staff and students in a culturally diverse environment; knowledge of trends and issues in academic libraries and the ability to participate in systematic planning; strong commitment to service; evidence of research, publication, and professional activity. twelve­ month appointment, full-time, tenure-track, faculty status. appoint­ ment at ra n k a p p ro p ria te to q u a lific a tio n s . s a la ry ran g e $31,560-$55,548. attractive benefits package. correspondence, applications and confidential papers should be sent by may 10, 1989, to: herb fox, search committee chair, henry madden li­ brary, administrative office, california state university, fresno, fresno, ca 93740-0034. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, science & engineering reference/research services, university of minnesota-twin cities, institute of tech­ nology libraries. the university of minnesota invites applications for the position of head, science and engineering reference/research services. the position will provide leadership in the development of information services for the academic community, as well as busi­ ness and industry. a strong emphasis is placed on the application of technology to enhance services. responsibilities include: planning, implementing and participating in programs for reference service, computer-based information service, user education and document delivery; management of the work of the d e p a rtm e n t, directing the activities of 5 science reference librarians, participating in space and facilities planning; developing long-range planning for the science and engineering library. reporting to the director of the institute of technology libraries, the reference head serves as a member of the management team, which involves discussion of major program and administrative policy issues. qualifications: 1) ala-accredited master’s degree or related master’s degree; 2) minimum 5 years professional experience as a science or engineering librarian in a re­ search library, with a minimum of two years administrative experi­ ence; 3) strong commitment to experimentation and change with an interest in long-range planning for innovative reference services; 4) highly developed skills in areas of reference service and online searching; 5) knowledge of trends and issues in information services for science and technology; 6) excellent written and oral communi­ cation skills. the science and engineering library is a division within the institute of technology libraries, one of four major departmental library units within the university libraries. its collections and ser­ vices are focused on chemistry, physics, engineering, geology, his­ tory of science. taken together with the departmental libraries of mathematics and architecture, the collections consist of 400,000 volumes, 4,500 current serials and a staff of 46. the university of minnesota libraries, including it libraries, utilizes notis software for its integrated online systems. salary: minimum $34,000. appoint­ ment: assistant or associate librarian, depending upon qualifica­ tions. initial review of applications will begin april 15, 1989, but the search will continue until the position is filled. send application letter, resume, and names of three references to: barbara j. doyle, per­ sonnel officer, university of minnesota libraries, 453 wilson li­ brary, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. please □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ head, information acquisition department case western reserve university under the general direction of the assistant director for technical services, is responsible for planning and supervising the acquisition of monographs and serials in all formats for university libraries. there are two units, the information accounting unit and the information resources unit. the head manages the department, supervising its personnel and activities; establishes new policies as required; coordinates the quality standards for departmental routines; assigns priorities, reviews responsibilities and work-flow; facili­ tates communication between the department and university libraries collection managers, vendors, and external information providers. the staff consists of 3 professionals, 6 support staff, and student assistants. university libraries, an arl member, is composed of sears and freiberger libraries, plus two branches, and houses the collections in humanities and arts, social and behavioral sciences, engineering, science, management, and music. requirements: ala-accredited mls; second master’s degree preferred. five years increasingly re­ sponsible experience in an academic research library with at least three years in acquisitions, serials, or, preferably, a combination of both. demonstrated knowledge of the serials industry, the book trade, and emerging information technologies; substantial managerial/supervisory experience; experience with a lo­ cal online library system; demonstrated initiative, originality, and judgment in applying established princi­ ples and procedures to complex and unusual problems; experience with scientific and technical materials desirable. salary: minimum $30,000. send resume and names of three current references to: karen k. griffith personnel librarian case western reserve university 11161 east boulevard cleveland, oh 44106 review of applications will begin on 24 march 1989; applications will be accepted until the position is filled. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 246 / c& rl n ew s two positions columbia university libraries social science division the columbia university libraries are seeking two talented professionals to join the staff of the social science division. the division consists of the business, lehman, journalism and social work libraries, and the documents service center. these department libraries work together in coordinating, planning and evaluating traditional information/instructional services, access services, collection management, and the introduction of new non-traditional products and services. the head of the documents service center and the lehman librarian play major roles within the division, and have the opportunity to work in an excit­ ing and challenging environment. both positions report directly to the assistant director for the social sci­ ences. head, documents service center: the head of the documents service center provides leadership in developing documents services and collections for the columbia university library system, including ad­ ministering and coordinating systemwide service, resource development, and technical processing. the head provides reference and consultation services, instructs individuals and groups in the use of docu­ ments, and is expected to provide leadership in the incorporation of government information in machine readable form into information services at columbia. the incumbent has responsibility for hiring, training and evaluation of all documents service center staff (2 support staff plus student assistants), and repre­ sents the columbia libraries in local and national documents forums. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements include previous public service experience with u.s. government documents in an academic or large public library, superior verbal and written communica­ tions skills, and demonstrated ability to work effectively with others in a complex environment. knowledge of machine readable data files and data archives management, experience with cd-rom technology and products, and previous supervisory experience are highly desirable. salary ranges are: librarian i, $26,500-$34,450; librarian ii, $28,500-$38,475; librarian iii, $31,500-345,675. deadline for applications is march 31,1989. lehman librarian: the lehman librarian is responsible for planning and developing programs, poli­ cies and procedures for intellectual and physical access to the lehman/social work collections, including administrative responsibility for reference and instructional services, circulation and reserves, technical ser­ vices and physical facilities. the librarian will maintain close contact with faculty and students of the school of international and public affairs (sipa) and the school of social work, including regular meetings with sipa administrators and service on lehman and social work advisory boards. the incumbent will partici­ pate in collection management, including preservation, inventory projects and planning for automated cir­ culation. , in addition to an accredited mls, requirements include at least five years of experience in managing access and information services in an academic library; superior verbal and written communications skills; demonstrated ability to work effectively with others in a complex environment; and relevant management experience. experience with reserves management and automated circulation; previous successful pro­ gram development for instruction in the social sciences; knowledge of u.s. government documents, and cd-rom technology and products; and experience in online/end-user database searching desirable. reading knowledge of at least one foreign language (preferably russian or spanish) also desirable. salary ranges are: librarian ii, $30,500-$41,175; librarian iii, $33,500-$48,575. deadline for applica­ tion is april 30,1989. columbia offers an excellent benefits package, including tuition exemption for self and family and assist­ ance with university housing. to apply, please send letter of interest (specify which position), resume, and names, addresses and phone numbers of three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire director of personnel box 35 butler library columbia university 535 west 114th street new york, ny 10027 an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. m arch 1989 / 247 identify application with ul 177. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity employer and invites and encourages applica­ tions from women and minorities. note: the immigration reform and control act of 1986 requires all new employees to submit verification of identity and authorization to work in the united states at time of hire. head, sciences and engineering library, university of california, santa barbara. plans, organizes and manages public ser­ vice activities within department; supervises and provides leader­ ship for 6 librarians and 5 support staff who work to enhance access and delivery of information in a rapidly changing environment. re­ quires mls and degree in science, engineering, or related field; ex­ perience in establishing strong faculty relationships and experience in collection m an a g e m e n t and developm e nt. salary ran ge is $31,944-$54,060. send letter of application, names of 3 references and resume by may 15, 1989, to: margaret deacon, associate uni­ versity librarian-personnel, university of california, santa bar­ bara library, santa barbara, ca 93106. ucsb is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. proof of u.s. citizenship or eligi­ bility for u.s. employment will be required prior to employment (im­ migration reform and control act of 1986). hu m a n ities c o l le c tio n d e v e lo p m e n t lib r a r ia n , brown university library. reports to the head of the collection de­ velopment. responsible for the development of the library’s collec­ tion in humanities, specifically art and art history and related disci­ plines; works with the head of collection development in planning and implementing goals, strategies, procedures and programs for college maintenance; performs some reference duties. require­ ments: mls degree from an ala-accredited program; advanced degree in art/art history or related fields; at least two years experi­ ence in collection development in an academic/research environ­ ment; background in collection maintenance and/or preservation acquired through education or experience; knowledge of western european languages; some reference experience desired; strong organizational, interpersonal and communications skills; familiarity with online catalogs and other technologies appropriate to libraries. hiring range: $23,000-528,700 based upon experience. interested candidates should send letter of application, resume and names of three re fe re n c e s to: g e n e va ferrell, p erso nn el o ffice , box 1879/mg834, brown university, providence, rl 02912. applica­ tions received by march 31, 1989, will be given first consideration. brown university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. information services librarian. responsible for refer ence service, online searching, reference collection development, instructional sessions and preparation of user guides and bibliogra­ phies. some evening and w eekend work. qualifications: ala accredited mls, strong commitment to public service, excellent communication skills, and ability to work effectively with university cli­ entele. preferred: experience with or training in reference services, online database searching and teaching. salary: $22,500. excellent benefits. as faculty members librarians must meet expectations for promotion and tenure. iowa state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and encourages the applications of women and minorities. the library offers an exceptional environ­ ment for career growth and challenge and the city of ames provides a strong educational system and active cultural base. submit appli­ cation letter, vitae, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references by april 14,1989, to: william k. black, chair, infor­ mation services librarian search committee, 302 parks library, iowa state university, ames, ia 50011-2140. librarian. faculty rank and tenure-track position in a combina­ tion of areas including reference, cataloging, instruction, and collec­ tion development. responsibilities include cataloging new mono­ graphs, supervising processing, and bibliographic instruction. serves on daytime, evening, and weekend reference rotation. the library has an integrated computer system (clsi) and serves the school of humanities and social sciences, school of science and professional studies, and school of business administration. re­ quired: accredited mls, minimum 2 -3 years experience, effective oral and written communication skills. most desirable: academic background in technical and public service; ability to communicate in a collegial environment; prior experience with oclc and auto­ mated systems; experience in supervising support staff. twelve months faculty appointment to a tenure-track position available july 1,1989. salary commensurate with qualifications (minimum starting salary $23,000). send letter of application, completed resume, and names and addresses of three references to: robert m. brooks, li­ brary director, guggenheim memorial library, monmouth col­ lege, cedar avenue, west long branch, nj 07764. an equal o p­ portunity employer. librarian. we need a “ compleat librarian" to do some com bi­ nation of reference, instruction, collection development, database searching, etc.; business or science experience is a plus. we have been successful in developing positions from our previous searches that give individuals a good breadth of involvement in library ser­ vices and operations. the library has 10 librarians and 18 staff, an online catalog/circulation/acquisitions system, 300,000 titles, and 1900 subscriptions for 5000 students and 200-plus faculty. we are looking for a self-motivated individual with an ala/mls, some expe­ rience in two or more of the library services listed above, and an inter­ est in working in an environment that emphasizes professional peer responsibilities and relationships. faculty status/rank requires usual obligations; tenure requires a second subject master’s. excellent benefits include tiaa; 12-month contract. targeted starting date is september 1; earlier negotiable. minimum salary, $28,000. we will be pleased to review your application if our kind of environment ap­ peals to you and if you believe your background might fit our needs. apply by march 31 with letter, resume, and names, addresses, tele­ phone numbers of three references to: ross stephen, director of li­ brary services, rider college library, 2083 lawrenceville road, lawrenceville, nj 08648-3099. rider college is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. librarians for siuc-n japan project, southern illinois university at carbondale in nakajo, japan. librarian: to direct all phases of the library portion chief duties include providing leader­ ship and policy direction for planning, organizing, coordinating, di­ recting, and evaluating all library functions and integrating them within the instructional programs. qualifications: required: ala accredited mls. minimum 3 years increasingly responsible adminis­ trative positions as well as bibliographic instruction and reference ex­ perience in a university library. strong commitment to service to undergraduates; proven leadership ability; effective communication skills; ability to work with diverse patrons. preferred: second ad­ vanced degree; experience in establishing a library; experience with international students; international experience; knowledge of auto­ mated library systems. initial screening begins approximately febru­ ary 1,1 989, with applications/nominations considered until the posi­ tion is filled. assistant librarian: to direct the technical service phase. chief duties include the management and direction of technical ser­ vices, including acquisitions, cataloging, classification, serials, bind­ ing, physical processing, and bibliographic records. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls. minimum two years administrative experience in technical services as well as bibliographic instruction experience in a university library; strong commitment to service to undergraduates; proven leadership ability; effective communication skills; ability to work with diverse patrons. preferred: second ad­ vanced degree; experience in providing reference, research, and related assistance to users; experience with international students; international experience; knowledge of automated library systems. initial screening begins approximately march 1, 1989, with applica­ tions/nominations considered until the position is filled. both librari­ ans will be in japan for a minimum of one year with possible exten­ sion. salary: dependent upon qualifications and experience; 25 percent overseas differential allowance provided. japan librarian $32,000 and up depend ing on qualifications and experience; japan-assistant librarian $25,000 and up depending on qualifica­ tions and experience. fringe benefits: medical insurance; retirement package; housing; travel allowance; holiday schedule, etc. send let­ ter of application, resume, and names of three references to: judith ann harwood, chair, search committee, siuc-n, morris library, southern illinois university, carbondale, il 62901; telephone: (618) 453-2818. the university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. m a n uscr ipts lib rar ia n, special collections, mississippi state university libraries (re-advertisement). qualifications: ala accredited mls required, with an advanced degree in history or other appropriate subject preferred. at least two years experience in an academic library with demonstrated successful processing and cataloging of manuscript collections required. familiarity with archi­ val and records management desirable. individual in this position must have a thorough knowledge of standard manuscript and archi­ val processing and preservation techniques; strong analytical and 248 / c irr l n ew s writing skills with aptitude for bibliographic detail; excellent commun­ ication and interpersonal skills; ability to work independently and well with other staff members and the general public; commitment to public service necessary. a broad general understanding of history and politics and an expertise for recognizing significant historical items are needed. supervisory skills required. duties: organization and arrangement of manuscript collections; preparation of descrip­ tive inventories, collection cataloging, subject and other indexing. compiling of guides to the collections and submitting detailed de­ scriptions to various national publications. reference service to re­ searchers and patrons of special collections and university ar­ chives. rotating weekend assignments, with special assignments as necessary for overall operation of department. supervision of sup­ port staff and library student assistants in processing work. bene­ fits: include faculty rank, status, privileges and responsibilities; en­ rollment in the state retirement system; comprehensive medical coverage; university holidays and annual and health care leave. sal­ ary: $19,000, or higher, depending upon qualifications and/or expe­ rience. position available: this position will be filled only if a suitable applicant is found. the search and screening committee will begin to consider nominations and applications immediately and will con­ tinue to do so until the position is filled. application procedure: send application and resume, including names, addresses and telephone numbers of at least three (preferably work) references to frances n. coleman, chair search committee, p.o. box 5408, mississippi state university, mississippi state, ms 39762. mississippi state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. media librarian. presbyterian college, clinton, south carolina, afour-year liberal arts college with 1,100 students and a faculty of 70, will establish a full-time professional library staff position, july 1, 1989. responsibilities include initial development and subsequent direction of a program of media services and materials to support the education program. ala-accredited mls preferred; experience in reference work is desirable; master’s in educational media or in­ structional technology will be considered. creativity and the ability to communicate effectively with individuals and groups are essential. salary negotiable: $21,500 minimum. full job description sent upon request. send application, resume (including names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references) by april 1, 1989, to: lennart pearson, media librarian search committee, presbyterian college library, clinton, sc 29325; (803) 833-8295. eoe. university librarian search extended california state university, los angeles applications and nominations are invited for the position of university librarian with a starting date of july 1, 1989. the university librarian reports to the provost and vice president for academic affairs. candi­ dates must have a terminal degree and qualify for tenure in the library. significant administrative experi­ ence, demonstrated scholarly activity, and demonstrated commitment to affirmative action also are re­ quired. annual salary range $42,000-$75,000. the salary is negotiable, dependent upon qualifications and experience. chief duties include: providing leadership and policy direction for planning, organizing, coordinating, directing, and evaluating all library functions and integrating them with the instructional programs of the university. the university librarian works with faculty in formulating library policy and with the provost, other officers in the university, and the academic senate in developing universitywide policy; supervises long-range planning and development, including applications of library technology, library administra­ tive and services organization, and assignment of library personnel; responsible for long-range growth, control and quality of the book, periodical, and non-print collections; supervises the recruitment and orien­ tation of professional personnel and approves personnel appointments, promotions, and terminations; ad­ ministers the budget of the library; extends resources through cooperative programs and consortial ar­ rangements; oversees orientation of faculty to the use of the library and promotes services to users; supervises staff and encourages staff development; and maintains good relations with faculty, students, university, and csu administrative officers. the university librarian assists in public relations efforts such as speaking engagements and other activities of the university. the university, one of 19 campuses of the california state university, was founded in 1947. programs are offered in more than fifty academic and professional fields in four state-supported quarters per year. the campus is located at the eastern boundary of the city of los angeles, with a student body of approxi­ mately 20,000 fulland part-time students reflecting the ethnic diversity of the area. the university has col­ lective bargaining contracts with the faculty, including librarians, and eight other employee units. even though the committee has begun the screening process, applications and/or nominations will con­ tinue to be accepted until the position is filled. applicants should include a current resume and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three professional references. applications, nominations, and inquiries should be addressed to: chair, search committee c/o dee flanagan human resource management california state university, los angeles 5151 state university drive los angeles, ca 90032 an equal opportunity, affirmative action, handicapped, title ix employer. march 1989 / 249 m icro co m puter spec ia list/r efer e n c e librarian. the university of nevada-reno library seeks an energetic librarian with a strong interest and aptitude in microcomputers to provide guidance, training, and support of microcomputer applications in the public service areas of the library. the position functions as a member of the reference department and participates in its varied activities, such as online searching and instruction. ala-accredited mls; knowledge of and keen interest in microcomputer applications and software (including laser disk technology); working knowledge of a variety of major m icrocomputer software packages; online data­ base searching experience; strong public service skills and orienta­ tion. faculty status requires librarians to meet faculty standards for appointment, promotion and tenure. salary open, depending upon qualifications and experience (minimum $25,000). 12-month ap­ pointment; tiaa/cref; 24 days vacation. open july 1,1989. moun­ tains, desert, lakes, 5 hours by car from san francisco. send resume and names and addresses of three references to: mary ansari, head of administrative services, university of nevada-reno library, reno, nv 89557-0044. closing date april 15 or until position is filled. aa/eoe. unr employs only individuals lawfully authorized to work in the united states. monographic cataloger. performs original and complex copy cataloging of m onographs in a variety of languages, subjects, and physical formats, using northwestern's notis system, aacr2, lcsh, and dewey classification. contributes eligible authority rec­ ords to naco. qualifications: master’s from an ala-accredited li­ brary school. working knowledge of two or more modern european languages, preferably including german and a romance language. broad educational background, including some science desirable. familiarity with the marc books and authorities formats. fully origi­ nal cataloging experience in an automated environment preferred. salary: $21,000-$25,000. send application and resume, including names of three references to: ann smith, personnel manager, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60208. applica­ tions received by april 15 ,198 9 will be considered. an eeo/aa em­ ployer. monographic hu m anities cataloger. responsible for original cataloging in the humanities and oclc-member copy cata­ log in all disciplines using aacr2 and other national standards. a d­ ditional responsibilities as assigned including possible coordination of acquisitions and cataloging for chinese language materials under a title vi dl grant. participates in development of policies and full implementation of online catalog. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; cataloging experience including use of lc classification and subject headings, application of aacr2 marc tagging via a biblio­ graphic utility; reading knowledge of a modern european language; ability to work in a changing environment. preferred: oclc experi­ ence in cataloging; humanities, including history, background with preference for literature. salary: $22,500. excellent benefits. as fac­ ulty members librarians must meet expectations for promotion and tenure. iowa state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and encourages the applications of women and mi­ norities. the library offers an exceptional environment for career growth and challenge and the city of ames provides a strong educa­ tional system and active cultural base. submit application letter, vi­ tae, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references by april 14,1989, to: william k. black, chair, monographic humani­ ties cataloger search committee, 302 parks library, iowa state university, ames, ia 50011-2140. music librarian. overall responsibility for planning and devel­ oping the services and resources of the music library. assists with cataloging music scores, sound recordings, monographs, and seri­ als. liaison between the library and the faculty and students of the department of music. collaborates with colleagues at bryn mawr and swarthmore colleges. participates in and designs bibliographic instruction programs relating to music. reports to librarian of the college. required: ala-accredited mls, excellent interpersonal skills, strong user-oriented philosophy. two years experience in a music library preferred. performance background and a graduate degree in music are desirable. salary: $23,000 minimum, generous fringe benefits. application deadline, 10 april 1989. please send let­ ter of application, resume, transcripts, and three letters of reference to: michael freeman, librarian of the college, haverford college, haverford, pa 19041-1392. eoe/aa. principal bibliographer. department head equivalent posi­ tion reporting to the assistant director for public services and collec­ tion development. responsible for coordinating the collection devel­ opm ent process and special p ro je cts on a day-to-day basis; planning and overseeing implementation of collection development policies and procedures; training new collection development staff; establishing work assignments in consultation with the head of ref­ erence; evaluating performance of collection development activities of 20 reference librarian/bibliographers; facilitating a smooth work­ ing relationship with other units in the libraries involved in collection development; and other duties as assigned. the incumbent will also be responsible for collection development and faculty liaison in a subject field, and will participate in the administration of the libraries by membership on the library administrative committee. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; relevant collection develop­ ment experience in an academic library; excellent oral communica­ tion skills; demonstrated skill in planning, organizing, and coordinat­ ing the work of others; knowledge of issues and trends in collection management; ability to work effectively with library staff at all levels; strong analytical skills; experience in budget management. desired: working experience with approval plans, additional graduate de­ gree, reading knowledge of one or more foreign languages. rank and salary dependent on qualifications and experience. minimum salary $29,000. full-time, 12-month appointment. librarians at vir­ ginia tech have faculty status and are eligible for tiaa-cref retire­ ment program. 24 working days vacation per year. generous sick leave. blue cross/blue shield. life insurance. tuition waiver. posi­ tion available july 1, 1989. send letter of application, current re­ sume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: frances o. painter, personnel officer, 201 newman library, virginia tech, blacksburg, va 24061-0434. applications received by march 31, 1989, will receive first consideration. virginia tech is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer, and em­ ploys only u.s. citizens and lawfully authorized alien workers. reference librarian (temporary replacement) full-time for 1989/90 academic year with possibility of re-employment if tempo­ rary position is approved for 1990/91. general reference desk work, library instruction and/or online searching. ala-accredited degree required by 28 august 1989. demonstrated ability to relate to ethni­ cally diverse student body and other expertise desired. instructor or assistant professor, salary range of $21,000-$34,215 (summer ad­ ditional). excellent benefits. application deadline april 15, 1989. send resume and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: m. d. endres, chair, search and screen com­ mittee, harvey a. andruss library, bloom sburg university, bloomsburg, pa 17815. bloomsburg university is an aa/eeo em­ ployer. persons of color and members of other protected classes are urged to apply. reference librarian and education bibliographer, michigan state university library (librarian i or ii). reporting to head of social sciences and humanities reference, provides spe­ cialized reference, comprehensive database searching and biblio­ graphic instruction services, and participates in all reference and in­ structional activities of the unit, with emphasis on social sciences. takes primary responsibility for developing and coordinating spe­ cialized services in education and psychology, and selects current and retrospective materials for libraries in those areas. provides scheduled reference services in social sciences and humanities reference or in documents library, including evening and weekend hours. assignment may include coordination of one or more major functions of the unit. required qualifications include a master’s de­ gree from an accredited program in library science; educational background or experience with research materials in one or more social science disciplines, particularly in education. appointment will be made at librarian i or ii level, depending upon qualifications; ap­ pointment at the rank of librarian ii requires at least three years of successful experience in an academic or research library or sub­ stantial equivalent experience. demonstrated ability to communi­ cate effectively, both orally and in writing; and ability to work effec­ tively with faculty, students and staff are also required. other desired qualifications include an advanced degree in a discipline related to areas of assignment, database experience, collection development or reference experience, teaching experience, or foreign language expertise. minimum salary $21,000, depending upon qualifications. social sciences and humanities reference is the principal service unit for specialized reference in social sciences and humanities, in­ cluding education and law, and is staffed by approximately 7 fte librarians, 1.5 fte support staff, and 2.3 fte student assistants. po­ sition approval is pending; mention position pro-203e. submit letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three current 250 / c irr l n ew s references to: eugene wiemers, jr., head, social sciences and hu­ manities library, main library, michigan state university, east lansing, m148824-1048. applications received by march 15,1989, will receive priority consideration. position will remain open until filled. msu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. reference librarians. two reference positions, assistant li­ brarian rank. the suny-binghamton libraries seek two librarians to participate in reference services, including desk duty, online search­ ing, patron instruction, and collection development. the library sys­ tem is composed of the glenn g. bartle library, serving the humani­ ties and social sciences, and two satellite libraries for science and fine arts. qualifications include mls from an ala-accredited pro­ gram, effective interpersonal skills, excellent oral and written com ­ munication skills, training in database searching, and a strong com ­ mitment to service and professional development. academ ic library experience, a second advanced degree relevant to the position, and a working knowledge of library automated systems are desirable. reference librarian/sociology-afro-american and african studies bibliographer: provides patron assistance at the bartle reference desk and collection development for sociology, including fernand braudel center, afro-american and african studies. position reports to the head of reference/coordinator of bartle collections. science reference/health science bibliographer: provides reference ser­ vice to science library patrons and collection development for the school of nursing and the department of psychology. position re­ ports to the head of the science library. screening will begin on april 1 and will continue until positions are filled. salary range $22,000-$26,000, commensurate with qualifications, plus excellent fringe benefits, including tiaa/cref. send cover letter, current re­ sume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three ref­ erences to: eleanor l. heishman, director of libraries, state uni­ versity of new york at bingham ton, glenn g. bartle library, binghamton, ny 13901. suny-binghamton is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. science reference librarian (2 positions), full-time, tenure track, 12-month, available on or before june 18. responsible for general reference in the science library, a collection of 230,000 vol­ umes; collection development in mathematics, computer science, the physical, biomedical, biological, or earth sciences; conducts on­ line literature searches on the nlm, dialog and stn international systems; presents bibliographic instruction sessions; assists in im­ plementing a major move to a new $13.9 million science library, scheduled to be completed fall 1989; helps develop and implement programs for new reference equipm ent and services, such as cd rom and end-user searching. the first position will supervise access services including circulation, stack maintenance, reserve and pho­ tocopying. the second position will be the automation coordinator fo r the p u b lic and staff e q u ip m e n t in the b u ild in g . r equires ala/mls; strong interpersonal and communication skills; strong subject competence (coursework or experience) relevant to the scope of the science libraries. prefer successful reference, collec­ tion development, and supervisory experience in a special library or a large academic library; strong subject competence in organic chemistry, mathematics, physics, computer science or geology; training or experience with online literature searching, especially nlm, stn international and dialog; experience with microcom ­ puter hardware and software and their applications to library ser­ vices and operations; demonstrated initiative and good organiza­ tional skills. salary: $21,000-$26,000. to apply, submit letter of application describing candidate's ability to meet qualifications, three confidential letters of recommendation, copies of undergradu­ ate and graduate transcripts, to: sandra gilliland, university of kansas libraries, lawrence, ks 66045-2800. applications post­ marked by march 31 ,198 9, will receive first consideration. a pplica­ tions will be considered monthly thereafter until the positions are filled or until may 31, 1989. an aa/eoe employer. serials cataloger. full-time, two-year temporary position with possible conversion to tenure track. responsible for serials cat­ aloging, including periodicals conversion project; some original cat­ aloging of materials in all formats. salary range $31,680-$43,896 (senior assistant librarian). minimum of one-year serials experi­ ence. liberal benefits package. available august 21,1989. send let­ ter of application with complete resume and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 professional references by april 17, 1989, to: the university librarian, humboldt state university, areata, ca 95521; (707) 826-3441. serials librarian. responsibilities: reports to the acquisitions librarian and assists in all aspects of coordinating and integrating serials with acquisitions and cataloging. supervises the processing supervisor, two and one-half acquisitions department support staff as pertains to their serials duties, and part-time students. does origi­ nal and copy cataloging of periodical titles using oclc. coordinates the review of gift and duplicate exchange lists for periodicals. super­ vises the updating of the library’s holdings in a cooperative oclc union list of serials. supervises the use of innovacq for serials check in and binding. responsible for the bibliographic control among the library’s manual and automated files. responsible for collection de­ velopment in assigned subject area. requirements: ala-accredited m ls. ability to manage the complexities of serials; knowledge of cur­ rent theory and practice of bibliographic control; skills in problem solving; listening, oral and written communication skills; ability to work independently and cooperatively with patrons and colleagues. experience with online systems highly desirable. technical services experience is desirable but recent graduates are encouraged to ap­ ply. uop is an independent coeducational institution with 3,944 un­ dergraduates, 195 graduate students, and 336 faculty. uop offers more than 50 major programs in most of the traditional areas of the physical and life sciences, the humanities, and the social and behav­ ioral sciences. programs are also offered by the six professional schools including: conservatory of music, business and public a d ­ ministration, education, engineering, international studies, and pharmacy. three doctoral programs are offered in chemistry, phar­ macy, and education. the library holds 355,829 volumes and re­ ceives 3,120 current subscriptions. rank, salary: appointment at as­ sista n t rank. s alary o f $ 2 0 ,0 0 0 m in im um (d e p e n d in g on qualifications and experience). one-month vacation, tiaa/cref and generous benefits. applications will be accepted until position is filled, but those received before april 15 will receive first consider­ ation. send letter of application, resume and the name, addresses, and phone numbers of three current references to: jessica a. mar­ shall, associate dean, university of the pacific, stockton, ca 95211. uop is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. s er ia ls/g en er a l c a ta lo g er, old dominion university. one of three departmental professionals, the serials/general cata loger has primary responsibility for the cataloging/classification of serials in all format/materials categories. he/she shares responsibil­ ity for cataloging monographs, selected government publications, music and media materials. the incumbent will also share responsi­ bility for some computer room operations, supervision and training of classified personnel, and general departmental planning and pol­ icy development. the individual selected will be expected to be thor­ oughly familiar with aacr2 and oclc and aware of the role of bib­ liographic database control in an integrated automated systems environment. qualifications: ala-accredited master's degree and evidence of continued professional development; knowledge of oclc and integrated automated systems preferred; flexibility and good interpersonal communications skills essential. some experi­ ence desirable. salary: base $20,000. for full consideration, send letter of application, resume, the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references, and photocopies of all academic tran­ scripts by april 1, 1989, to: linda farynk, assistant university librar­ ian, old dominion university, norfolk, va 23529-0256. old do­ m inion u n iversity is an a ffirm ative action, equal o p p o rtu n ity institution and requires compliance with the immigration reform and control act of 1986. special collections librarian. the special collections li­ brarian is responsible for managing the special collections depart­ ment which includes: area research center for northeastern wis­ consin, belgian american ethnic resource collection, wisconsin indian history, a small map and photograph collection, uwgb mas­ ters theses, and university archives. duties include: collection devel­ opment, reference, instruction, conservation, outreach, processing, and supervision of support staff. this position requires an mls from an ala-accredited school and training in archives management, with a degree in american history or related field preferred. other requirements include: an understanding of the historical research process, the ability to appraise historical records, skills in basic con­ servation practices, and the ability to work effectively with a diverse clientele consisting of faculty, students and the general public. effec­ tive written and oral communication are extremely important along with the ability to promote interest in the use of historical records. this is a full-time, 12-month position with 22 days vacation and excellent benefits. minimum salary is $22,640. please send letter of applica­ tion, credentials and the names of three references to: kathy plet cher, chair, search & screen committee, library, university of wisconsin-green bay, 2420 nicolet dr., green bay, wl 54311, by april 15, to be considered in the first screening. position will remain posted until filled. uwgb is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. racial or ethnic minorities, women and disabled persons are encouraged to apply and may identify themselves as such if they wish. late job listings associate university librarian, boise state university. responsibilities: coordinate administrative functions under direction of university librarian; supervise public service department heads; participate in collection development and other professional duties; assist in planning, policy development, and budgeting. qualifications: mls; demonstrated ability to plan, manage, and supervise; seven years of professional library experience in academic or research libraries; direct provision of professional services and a minimum of five years in increasingly responsible managerial positions; knowledge of automation and networks—strong preference will be given to applicants with experience in directing the implementation of an automated system; oral and written communication skills; ability to foster constructive interpersonal relationships. salary: $40,000. tenure track; rank dependent upon professional background. closing date for applications: march 31,1989. starting date: july 1, 1989. to apply: submit letter of application and detailed resum e with the names, addresses, and phone numbers of at least three references in position to assess professional potential on the basis of direct observation of work. applicants should arrange for library school credentials to be forwarded to: timothy a. brown, university librarian, boise state university, boise, id 83725. eeo/aa employer. catalog librarian. performs original and adaptive cataloging according to aacr2, oclc, and lc standards; creates and maintains records in card and online files; participates in formulating cataloging policies and procedures; assists with training personnel; is responsible for monitoring status of uncataloged library materials and handling requests for priority processing; resolves catalog problems, and coordinates theses cataloging. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; academic library cataloging experience with aacr2 and lc classification desirable; knowledge of oclc and other automated systems desirable; working knowledge of a western foreign language, preferably german. minimum salary $19,728. send letter of application, resume and three letters of reference to: personnel office, box 1184, washington university, one brookings drive, st. louis, mo 63130­ 4899. position will remain open until filled. initial review of applications will begin april 3, 1989. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of circulation, humanities and history division. reporting to the head of access services, humanities and history division, the head of circulation administers and coordinates the overall circulation operations of butler library, the butler annex, the burgess-carpenter instructional library, the periodical reading room and the microform reading room, and also oversees evening/weekend operations of the college library. this position is responsible for 5 supervisors, 25 support staff, and 5 fte student assistants. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: previous successful management/ supervisory experience; superior interpersonal and communications skills; ability to plan and implement change; and ability to work effectively in a complex academic environment. familiarity with automated circulation systems (particularly notis), advanced degree in relevant subject area (humanities or history), and working knowledge of modern european language(s) desirable. salary ranges are: librarian i, $26,500 $34,450; librarian ii, $28,500-$38,475; librarian iii, $31,500--$45,675. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance march 1989 / 251 252 / c irr l n ew s with university housing. deadline for applications is march 31, 1989. send resume, listing names, addresses and phone numbers of three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. infosouth information manager. university of georgia libraries. infosouth, a southern forestry information service, is funded by u.s. forest service grants and self-generated income for the purpose of providing information services to the forestry community in the south. infosouth operates in a highly automated environment employing innovative approaches to the delivery of information services. (salary minimum $19,700 commensurate with experience.) duties: responsible to the infosouth coordinator for performing literature searches, providing general reference service, technical development and local interaction with the fs info database, preparing and supervising database input, overseeing office automation activities, and acting in a decision-making capacity in the absence of the coordinator. the five person staff serves u.s. forest service employees and subscribers in the thirteen southeastern states. qualifications: ala accredited mls; experience with online searching; working knowledge of basic reference sources; practical experience with applications in a microor mini­ computer environment; familiarity with marc format and aacrii for minimal-level cataloging; interest in the biological or agricultural sciences; ability to work independently with initiative and good judgment; ability to establish and m aintain effective working relationships; effective written and oral communication skills; interest in academic librarianship preferred. application procedure: send letter of application by april 14, 1989, including resume and names of three references to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. public services librarian, engineering library, cornell university. provide reference desk service, online searching, interlibrary loan verification, and handle microfiche requests. edit engineering library newsletter and engineering library handbook. prepare handouts and library guides. supervise and operate document photocopy service. provide orientation tours and bibliographic instruction. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library school or equivalent; academic background or equivalent experience in engineering, physical sciences or computer science preferred; two years’ reference experience desirable; familiarity with macintosh computer software helpful. salary minimum $20,000. applications due april 15, 1989, but accepted until position is filled. send cover letter, resume, and names of three references to: ann dyckman, personnel director, cornell university library, 201 olin library, ithaca, ny 14853. aa/eo employer. seven positions, auburn university libraries. a ssistant archivist for arrangement and description (new position): reports to university archivist. the university archives is part of the university libraries system. directs arrangement and description of holdings that include archives, manuscripts, still photographs, and sound recordings on the history of auburn university, alabama agriculture, the civil war, and twentieth-century alabama politics. supervises graduate assistants and work-study students involved in arrangement and description activities. qualifications include ma in archival administration, ma in history with course work in archival administration, or ala mls with course work in archival administration. two years’ experience as a full-time, professional archivist may be substituted for coursework i f the candidate has an ma in history or an ala mls. demonstrable knowledge of archival arrangement and description (including the us marc amc format) required. apply to: dwayne cox, university archivist, university archives, r.b.d. library, auburn university, auburn, al 36849-5607, (205) 826-4465. technology cataloger (new position): responsible for the cataloging (both original and revision) of monographs in the technology area (lc classifications s, t, u, and v), and the supervision of a support staff position. humanities cataloger: responsible for the cataloging (both original and revision) of monographs in the humanities area (lc classifications a, n, p, and z), and the supervision of two support staff positions. information relevant to both positions: cataloging experience including the use of oclc, lc classification and subject headings, and aacr2; flexibility; good interpersonal skills. desirable: notis experience; 2 or more years of cataloging experience in an academic library; supervisory experience; written and verbal communication skills; knowledge of a modern european language; undergraduate science major. apply to: david m. smith, chairperson. humanities reference librarian (new position): provides reference services for the humanities; responsible for collection development in one or more areas of the humanities; participates in bibliographic instruction activities; prepares reference guides; conducts computer searches in humanities databases. an academic background in a humanities discipline is required. graduate work in a humanities discipline and reference experience are desirable. apply to: judith a. adams, chairperson. microforms and documents reference librarian (new position): reports to head of microforms and documents department. provides reference and information services for the libraries’ federal publications and microforms collections, assists in the maintenance and development of the collections, prepares subject bibliographies, participates in the libraries’ bibliographic instruction and online searching programs, assists in the ongoing project to load gpo marc records into the notis database and the subsequent reviewing and correcting of these records and other duties as assigned. reference experience, an academic background in either the social sciences or agriculture, background in bibliographic instruction, experience in either a card or online cataloging environment. apply to: t. harmon straiton, jr., chairperson. interlibrary loans librarian (new position): responsible for the interlibrary loan department, including recommending policies and procedures, supervision of the ill staff, online bibliographic searching, oclc searching, coordination of services for faculty and students, coordination of services w ith naal and serving as assistant to the head of circulation services when necessary. some successful supervisory experience, online bibliographic searching, oclc searching and experience with notis or an automated library system are highly desirable. this position will require that the candidate enjoy working with the library patrons and be service-oriented. apply to: sherida downer, chairperson. serials cataloger (search reopened): responsibilities include original and copy cataloging of serials, series and volumes of monographic series using aacr2, lc classification/subject heads, oclc and notis, supervision of one paraprofessional. apply to: thomas r. sanders, chairperson. information relevant to all positions (unless noted otherwise): ala-accredited mls and strong academic and communication skills required. a commitment to scholarly and professional achievement with evidence of research and professional activity desirable. salary: $22,000 $25,000 or higher, dependent upon qualifications and experience. benefits include 12-month appointment; faculty status but not professional titles; eligibility for tenure; participation in state teachers’ retirement (mandatory), tiaa/cref (optional); health and life insurance, disability benefits; sick leave; 20 working days vacation. the application review process will begin march 15, 1989. starting date negotiable. send letters of application, resume, undergraduate and graduate transcripts, and 3 confidential letters of reference specific to the position to the chairperson of the search committee for desired position to: ralph b. draughon library, a u b u rn u n iv e r s ity , auburn, al march 1989 / 253 36849-5606. auburn university is an equal opportunity employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply. systems and automation librarian. the university of arizona library is seeking applicants to fill this position reporting to the university librarian for continuing development of an integrated online system, and general support responsibility for existing automation, including oclc, a geac circulation system, an innovacq serials and acquisitions system, and an innopac online catalog in the science/engineering library. the library is on the brink of acquiring funding for significant new steps toward a fully integrated system. staffing and other resource growth will be included in the funding package. successful supervisory experience is essential. applicants with an mls from an ala-accredited library school will be preferred. substantial experience in a large academic library is required, and preference will be given to persons with degrees and/or experience directly related to library automation. the person in this position m ust have excellent communication skills. salary competitive, minimum $35,000. librarians at the university of arizona have status as academic professionals, a division of the faculty, with privileges equivalent to the teaching faculty, and eligibility for continuing status. they may take up to 24 days professional leave per year. they have 22 days paid vacation, 12 days sick leave and 10 holidays. several health care and retirement plans are available. send a resume, including the names of three references, to: w. david laird, university librarian, a349 main library, university of arizona, tucson, az 85721. applications m ust be postmarked no later than april 30, 1989, to be considered. the university of arizona is an equal employment opportunity employer with an affirmative action plan. women, minorities and other protected classes are urged to apply. two positions. the north carolina university libraries invites applications and nominations for the positions of: 1) librarian for professional development & education, and 2) assistant head of the reference department. librarian for professional development & education. responsibilities: under the direction of the a ssistant director for administration, provides leadership for and management of the libraries’ personnel program. manages the recruitment, appointment, and evaluation process for over 225 fte staff. develops and manages a comprehensive plan for the professional development and continuing education of the libraries’ staff. as a department head, serves as a member for the libraries’ middle management group. participates in the libraries’ planning activities and is expected to be active professionally. qualifications: required: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. significant training, experience, and/or education in personnel/human resource management. relevant professional experience in an academic library. knowledge of and experience with library personnel programs. demonstrated interpersonal skills, including excellent oral and written communication skills. mediational skills. strong commitment to affirmative action and equal opportunity principles. preferred: knowledge of microcomputer applications. a ssistant head of the reference department. responsibilities: reports to and shares with head of reference responsibility for planning, managing, and providing creative leadership in a department oriented towards innovative service programs. manages a major service program, as either coordinator of instruction or coordinator of reference desk services, including supervision of staff. takes part in developing the reference collection, providing reference service/library instruction, and performing database searches in specific subject areas. participates in the libraries’ planning activities and is expected to be active professionally. qualifications: required: mls degree from an ala accredited library school. substantial experience and proven ability to provide excellent reference services in a research library. demonstrated interpersonal skills, including excellent oral and written communication skills. experience 254 / c irr l n ew s march 1989 / 255 with emerging information technologies and their application to library services. strong commitment to responsive and innovative services. preferred: background in the sciences and/or science reference experience. the university: north carolina state university is located in raleigh within the research triangle. this region of north carolina contains one of the nation’s premier concentrations of academic, corporate, and public research. the area offers outstanding opportunities for professional growth and an exceptional quality of life. salary and benefits: 1) librarian for professional development & education, minimum $35,000; 2) assistant head of reference, minimum $26,000. librarians at ncsu have academic status without tenure or faculty rank. benefits include: 24 days vacation; health, dental, life, legal, and disability insurance; state retirement. tuition waiver program for all 16 campuses of the university of north carolina available. application process: the librarian for professional development & education position is available july 1, 1989; the assistant head of the reference department is available immediately. the review of applications for both positions will continue until the positions are filled. interested candidates should send a resume and the names and addresses of three current, confidential references to: 1) chair, professional development librarian search committee or 2) chair, reference search committee, office of personnel services, box 7111, n o r th c arolin a s ta te u n iv e r s ity libraries, raleigh, nc 27695-7111. north carolina state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * (washington h otline, cont’d) measure should im pose no significant costs on the federal government, and should reduce fu uture preservation costs. sen. pell appended to his statement the resolution o f support by ala (cd #37, 1988-89, adopted january 11) as well as a letter o f support from the association of research libraries. a ction needed. additional cosponsors are needed to move the legislation through the process this year. especially important are members of the governmental affairs committee, to which s.j.res. 57 will be referred. urge your senators to sign on as cosponsors o f s.j.res. 57. thank those w ho have already done so. b udget. the final reagan administration budget for federal library programs, since endorsed by president bush, requests funds equal to current year funding of $137.2 million for the library services and construction act and the higher education act title ii. however, the fiscal year 1990 request is predicated on passage o f legislation to be proposed later which would repeal the existing lsca and hea ii. such legislation was submitted to congress last spring as the proposed library improvement act with total funding o f $76 million. congress took no action on the proposal, which now apparently will be resubm itted with a higher author­ ization level. m eanwhile, congressional appropriations committees must base funding actions on the existing lsca and hea ii, and authorizing committees must act to extend lsca this year. a reauthorization hearing focusing on the accomplishments of lsca is expected to be held on april 11, which is also library legislative day in w ashington, d.c. see us at booth 601 in cincinnati systems without standards miss the marc m o s t l i b r a r y a u t o m a t i o n v e n d o r s w o u l d like you t o b eliev e th a t th ey n o w s u p p o r t t h e m a rc stan dard. dherence to marc, and to all library u n fo r tu n a tely , so m e o f t h e m . <developed standards, is the only true have been s h o o t in g you a lin e . m easure of a v en d o r’s com m itm ent to a ca d em ic libraries a n d academ ic librarians. adherence to standards is also the only way an academic library can guarantee th e long-range success o f its autom ation system. campus-wide networking, for example, as well as th e ability to access off-cam pus data sources, requires careful adherence to automation communications standards. data research’s use of ethernet and decnet/osi provides you with that power now. support of your choice of w o rk sta tio n s from a wide variety of vendors is also possible using atlas—a total library automation system from data research—because of our support of communications standards. specialized databases can be easily built, fully indexed and even made available through the public access catalog because of our use of full-marc bibliographic and authority records. what’s more, data research has committed to support the emerging niso common command language standard for pacs, ensuring that atias users will be at the forefront of tomorrow's movement toward simplified interlibrary resource sharing. with fully integrated modules for cataloging, circulation, pac, acquisitions, materials booking, reserve book room, full-text database searching and a wide range of other services, atlas offers academic libraries the most powerful functionality in the industry. call us today to find out how this power is flexible enough to serve dozens of diverse academic atlas instal­ lations, including community colleges like d a ia re se a r c h maricopa county community college in phoenix t h e s t a n d a r d b e a r e r f o r l i b r a r y a u t o m a t i o n qm/-| n r p c t i f r i n n c i i n i v p r c i f i p c "t iify c 1276north winon post oflic.c b o x s i.l o u b ,m b s o t u 1 611 ihof> r u o u b u n i v e r s i t i e s u k e lu llb . eoo-325-ob8b uniled scales 800-351)515 canada 314*432-1100 missouri a the approval plan with no surprises. old-fashioned approval plans are they are spending. designed for the book budgets of the our approval plans feature pre­ 1960s. too often they surprise you publication title notification, person­ with unpredictable performance, ally selected (not computer-selected) high returns, and unforeseen cost books, a carefully defined list of pub­ fluctuations. lishers, and m anagem ent reports in contrast, we put librarians that really help you control future firmly back in control of the books approval activity. they are receiving and the money call or write us fo r more information academic book center 5600 ne hassalo street p ortland, or 97213 1-800-547-7704 503-287-6657 scholarly book center 451 greenwich street new york, ny 10013 1-800-223-4442 212-226-0707 surprise! new reference tools for libraries from omnigraphics, inc. p en obscot b u ild in g _____________ d etroit, mi 48226______________ (313) 961-1340 a timely new video series... 6. columbus’s other voyages. the great explorers lands and cultures he encountered. his fall from power, final years, and a summary right in tim e for the 500th anniversary in of his lasting contributions. in prep. 1992, o m n ig rap h ics p re se n ts six video program s, 25 m inutes each, featuring on­ new quarterly journal... site filming and interviews with the w orld’s le a d in g c o lu m b u s a u th o ritie s in italy, jobs today: spain, the caribbean, and the u.s. $85 per current developments concerning em ploy­tape, vhs or beta. standing order for all ment, particularly o f the young the elderly, six, $450 (save $60). , w o m en a n d th e d isabled. t h is new 1. columbus: the man and the myth. quarterly journal focuses on groups which are often the last hired and first fired. issue t h e o rig in s, th e p e rs o n a litie s and th e n o .l, subtitled youth, has five sections: power, with the facts separated from the fic­ p ro b le m s...t ra in in g ...o p p o rtu n itie s...in ­ tions. in prep. novative ideas...entry-level jobs...advice (p re p a rin g for interview s, using library 2. preparations for the 1492 voyage. resources, etc.). future issues will focus on the ships, the crews, the m eans of naviga­ the elderly, women, and the disabled. edited tion, the first landings in the new w orld. in by annie m. brewer. quarterly (march, prep. june, september, december) 1989. issn 1040-9300. annual subscription $48. single 3. search for la navidad. issue $15. free sample on request. long a mystery, the location of colum bus’s ill-fated first settlem ent is actively inves­ new book—just published tigated by scientists, technicians and ex­ perts in docum entary research. now ready. phonames directory this is the first ever practical "how-to" guide 4. the new world columbus found. to help business firms and institutions coin historians, linguists, and m odern explorers p r o m o tio n a l p h o n e n u m b e rs such as recreate the pre-c olum bian indians of the b u t c h e r , f l o r i s t , l a w y e r s , c aribbean, th eir cultures, conflicts, lan­ libra ry , d o c t o r s —or the winning guages, and the colonies columbus estab­ com bination that enables a m tr a c k to lished in their midst. in prep. a d v e rtise n a tio n w id e: call 1-800-u sa r a il . 672 p a g e s . i n s tr u c tio n s . o v e r 5. god and gold. 330,000 n um bers with corresponding l et­ the business of discovery and the relentless te r c om binations and alphabetically ar­ missionary zeal of columbus and those who r a n g e d l e t t e r c o m b i n a t i o n s w i t h followed him. in prep. corresponding n um bers. $350. in print. all bo ok s and videos available on 60-day approval o rder by m ail, p h o n e or fax (313-961-1383) structure bookmarks march 1989 / 237 brary community; discuss the implication of the national commission on libraries and informa­tion science’s posture as related to federal li­braries; and identify resources, publications, and specialized services provided by federal li­braries. participants will be addressed by 25 di­rectors of federal information programs and sev­eral membership association representatives. contact: the school of library and information science, the catholic university of america, washington, dc 20064; (202) 635-5085. ■ ■ deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.25 per line for acrl members, $6.60 for others. late job notices are $12.60 per line for members, $14.70 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their m annual ala peace awardala’s social responsibilities round table, its peace information exchange task force, and social issues resources series, inc., have established an annual peace award. the award will be given to a library, which in the course of its educational and social mission, or to a librar­ian, who in the course of professional activities, has contributed significantly to the advance­ment of knowledge related to issues of interna­tional peace and security.the contribution may be in the form of, b erence, government publications, online database searching, interli­brary loan, educational resource center, media production, circula­tion, maps, periodicals, and bibliographic instruction. positions in the technical services include acquisitions, cataloging, and library research. successful candidates must show evidence of demonstra­ble working experience in one of the areas listed. a full assistantship averages 20 hours of work and pays $160 per week for 34 weeks of the academic year. additionally, gradu 238 / cirrl news management using microcomputers. library faculty expected to meet service and research requirements for promotion and tenure. minimum salary $28,000.12-month tenure-track appointment. ben­efits include 20 days annual leave, state or tiaa/cref retirement options, paid life insurance, bc/bs. send letter of application with complete resume and names, addresses, phone numbers of 3 pro­fessional references to: dennis e. robison, university librarian, car­rier library, james madison university, harrisonburg, va 2 knowledge of japanese or chinese (chinese preferred). demon­strated ability to communicate effectively, both orally and in writing, and ability to work effectively with faculty, students and staff are also required. appointment will be made at librarian i or ii level, depend­ing upon qualifications; appointment at the rank of librarian ii re­quires at least three years of successful professional experience in an academic or research library or substantial equivalent experi­ence. other desired qualifications march 1989 / 239 tion skills, and be able to work with diverse groups in an ever chang­ing automated environment. salary and rank commensurate with qualifications. applications must be received no later than march 17, 1989. apply in writing, including a resume and three letters of refer­ence, to: secretary, search committee, 271 hillman library, uni­versity of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, pa 15260. the university of pitts­burgh is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. minorities are actively sought.cataloger. the he chief of catalog departmentthe stanford university libraries seek an experienced, energetic and flexible manager, comfortable with and effective in a dynamic technical services environment to head the catalog department. as the libraries move to implement an integrated on­line processing system, the chief of the catalog department will play a key role in shaping and coordinating the process of transition.we invite applications from individu­als who can demonstrate: significant experience in providing biblio 240 / cirrl news nati is an affirmative action, equal employment opportunity em­ployer.college archivist/special collections librarian.dickinson college, carlisle, pennsylvania. seeks a creative, ener­getic archivist/librarian to assume responsibility for its archives and special collections department housing historic and contemporary records from all divisions of the college plus rare books, photo­graphs, and over 400 manuscript collections. this position involves continuing collection development and preservation, work w and bibliographic instruction; acts as liaison with school of fine arts, specifically the departments of art history, studio art, dance, drama and music. as a bibliographer, shares responsibility for de­velopment and management of all library collections, especially to support the school of fine arts. requires ala-accredited mls de­gree, degree in fine arts or commensurate experience, commit­ment to public service, excellent communication skills, basic com­puter literacy. desired: post-baccalaureate degree march 1989 / 241 government documents/technical services li­brarian. responsible for developing and maintaining a collection of federal, state, and local documents. the position involves both technical and public services duties including library instruction, fac­ulty liaison, general reference desk work, and cataloging. qualifica­tions: an ala-accredited mls, good interpersonal skills are re­quired. strong interest and background in government documents; the ability to catalog using sudocs, lc classification and subject he experience, effective oral and written communications. preferred: knowledge of and experience with development of an online catalog and online authority control. salary: $22,000 minimum for a 12month appointment. librarians at ksu have academic rank and are eligible for tenure, sabbatical leave, and research support. vacation of 22 working days. choice of retirement and medical plans. kansas state university is a land-grant institution with an enrollment of over 19,000 students and a materials budget of o lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllbinghamtonassistant director for technical services state un,vers,ty of new york associate ubrarian or librarian rankthe state university of new york at binghamton is one of the four comprehensive doctoral-granting uni­versity centers of the 64 campus system.the suny-binghamton library system is composed of the glenn g. bartle library, serving the humani­ties and social sciences a 242 / c&rl news nance department (6 support staff plus 2 fte student assistants) has responsibility for withdrawals, shelflisting and central shelflist mainte­nance, error analysis and correction, bibliographic headings mainte­nance, and maintenance of physical catalogs. with the transition to a notis-based catalog, it is anticipated that the department will as­sume additional responsibilities for the quality and control of on-line authority files, as well as for such post-cataloging activities as trans­fers and reclassifi liaison (including collection development), coordination with other administrators of related information services; strategic planning; ref­erence desk service. required: ala-accredited mls degree; five years’ experience at the professional level in academic or research libraries; three years’ experience in the provision of reference ser­vices; successful experience as a supervisor of librarians; excellent interpersonal and communication skills; skill in the use of new tech­nologies in the provision of refe march 1989 / 243 sciences or humanities. salary: $38,000 minimum (negotiable, de­pendent on qualifications and experience). to apply: send letter of application and resume which together address all of the qualifica­tions listed above, and the names, addresses and telephone num­bers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of university libraries, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287-1006, (phone 602-965-3417). recruitment will re­main open until the position is filled, but review o nal cataloging department under the direction of the head, process­ing division. department is responsible for all description cataloging, lc classification, and lc subject headings as needed for oclc member-input records. participates in weekly planning meetings. department consists of 4 entry-level professional librarians, 2 experi­enced catalogers, and 4.5 classified staff. qualifications: ala-mls. minimum 4 years progressively responsible professional (post-mls) cataloging experience, preferably in an o head, catalog department librarianuniversity of california-berkeleyserving the library at berkeley plus 19 of the 23 library branches on campus, the catalog department is responsible for all original cataloging of monographs, media, and machine-readable datafiles in all lan­guages except chinese, japanese and korean. in addition, the department coordinates cataloging and authority control policy throughout the library, including the bibliographic services department, the seri­als cataloging division, four b 244 / cirrl news curator of judaica and hebralca collectionsthe stanford university libraries seek applications from qualified professionals with strong backgrounds in jewish studies to become the first reinhard family curator of judaica and hebraica collections at stanford. principal responsibilities of the curator are to develop and manage the libraries’ growing collections in support of stanford’s recently created jewish studies program. the curator is also expected to develop programs of specialized reference and instru ence is responsible for general reference service; interlibrary lend­ing; bibliographic instruction; computerized information service (database searching and cd-roms); and, selection and manage­ment of the reference collection. the head of reference reports to the associate dean for administration and serves on the library’s administrative council. qualifications required: mls from an alaaccredited institution; substantial reference and/or other public ser­vice experience in an academic library, including computer-based information service, user education and document delivery; management of the work of the department, directing the activities of 5 science reference librarians, participating in space and facilities planning; developing long-range planning for the science and engineering library. reporting to the director of the institute of technology libraries, the reference head serves as a member of the management team, which involves discussion of major program and administrative policy issues. qualifica head, information acquisition departmentcase western reserve universityunder the general direction of the assistant director for technical services, is responsible for planning and supervising the acquisition of monographs and serials in all formats for university libraries. there are two units, the information accounting unit and the information resources unit. the head manages the department, supervising its personnel and activities; establishes new policies as required; coordinates the quality standards march 1989 / 245 246 / c&rl news two positionscolumbia university libraries social science divisionthe columbia university libraries are seeking two talented professionals to join the staff of the social science division. the division consists of the business, lehman, journalism and social work libraries, and the documents service center. these department libraries work together in coordinating, planning and evaluating traditional information/instructional services, access services, collection management, and the introduction of new non-tr march 1989 / 247 identify application with ul 177. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity employer and invites and encourages applica­tions from women and minorities. note: the immigration reform and control act of 1986 requires all new employees to submit verification of identity and authorization to work in the united states at time of hire.head, sciences and engineering library, university of california, santa barbara. plans, organizes and manages public ser­vice activities within department; supervises and salary $23,000). send letter of application, completed resume, and names and addresses of three references to: robert m. brooks, li­brary director, guggenheim memorial library, monmouth col­lege, cedar avenue, west long branch, nj 07764. an equal op­portunity employer.librarian. we need a “compleat librarian" to do some combi­nation of reference, instruction, collection development, database searching, etc.; business or science experience is a plus. we have been successful in developing positions from our p 248 / cirrl news writing skills with aptitude for bibliographic detail; excellent commun­ication and interpersonal skills; ability to work independently and well with other staff members and the general public; commitment to public service necessary. a broad general understanding of history and politics and an expertise for recognizing significant historical items are needed. supervisory skills required. duties: organization and arrangement of manuscript collections; preparation of descrip­tive inventories, collection catal tinue to do so until the position is filled. application procedure: send application and resume, including names, addresses and telephone numbers of at least three (preferably work) references to frances n. coleman, chair search committee, p.o. box 5408, mississippi state university, mississippi state, ms 39762. mississippi state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution.media librarian. presbyterian college, clinton, south carolina, afour-year liberal arts college with 1,100 studen university librariansearch extended california state university, los angelesapplications and nominations are invited for the position of university librarian with a starting date of july 1, 1989. the university librarian reports to the provost and vice president for academic affairs. candi­dates must have a terminal degree and qualify for tenure in the library. significant administrative experi­ence, demonstrated scholarly activity, and demonstrated commitment to affirmative action also are re­quired. annua march 1989 / 249 microcomputer specialist/reference librarian.the university of nevada-reno library seeks an energetic librarian with a strong interest and aptitude in microcomputers to provide guidance, training, and support of microcomputer applications in the public service areas of the library. the position functions as a member of the reference department and participates in its varied activities, such as online searching and instruction. ala-accredited mls; knowledge of and keen interest in microcomputer applications tion development. responsible for coordinating the collection devel­opment process and special projects on a day-to-day basis; planning and overseeing implementation of collection development policies and procedures; training new collection development staff; establishing work assignments in consultation with the head of ref­erence; evaluating performance of collection development activities of 20 reference librarian/bibliographers; facilitating a smooth work­ing relationship with other units in the librari 250 / cirrl news references to: eugene wiemers, jr., head, social sciences and hu­manities library, main library, michigan state university, east lansing, m148824-1048. applications received by march 15,1989, will receive priority consideration. position will remain open until filled. msu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution.reference librarians. two reference positions, assistant li­brarian rank. the suny-binghamton libraries seek two librarians to participate in reference services, including desk duty, librarian and assists in all aspects of coordinating and integrating serials with acquisitions and cataloging. supervises the processing supervisor, two and one-half acquisitions department support staff as pertains to their serials duties, and part-time students. does origi­nal and copy cataloging of periodical titles using oclc. coordinates the review of gift and duplicate exchange lists for periodicals. super­vises the updating of the library’s holdings in a cooperative oclc union list of serials. superv wisconsin-green bay, 2420 nicolet dr., green bay, wl 54311, by april 15, to be considered in the first screening. position will remain posted until filled. uwgb is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. racial or ethnic minorities, women and disabled persons are encouraged to apply and may identify themselves as such if they wish. late job listingsassociate university librarian, boise state university. responsibilities: coordinate administrative functions under direction of university librarian; supervise public service department heads; participate in collection development and other professional duties; assist in planning, policy development, and budgeting. qualifications: mls; demonstrated ability to plan, manage, and supervise; seven years of professional library experience in academic or research libraries; direct provision of p march 1989 / 251 252 / cirrl news with university housing. deadline for applications is march 31, 1989. send resume, listing names, addresses and phone numbers of three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer.infosouth information manager. university of georgia libraries. infosouth, a southern forestry information service, is funded by u.s. forest service grants and self-generated inc archival arrangement and description (including the us marc amc format) required. apply to: dwayne cox, university archivist, university archives, r.b.d. library, auburn university, auburn, al 36849-5607, (205) 826-4465. technology cataloger (new position): responsible for the cataloging (both original and revision) of monographs in the technology area (lc classifications s, t, u, and v), and the supervision of a support staff position. humanities cataloger: responsible for the cataloging (both original and march 1989 / 253 36849-5606. auburn university is an equal opportunity employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply.systems and automation librarian. the university of arizona library is seeking applicants to fill this position reporting to the university librarian for continuing development of an integrated online system, and general support responsibility for existing automation, including oclc, a geac circulation system, an innovacq serials and acquisitions system, and an innopac online catalog in the science/e 254 / cirrl news march 1989 / 255 **************************************************************************** (washington hotline, cont’d)measure should impose no significant costs on the federal government, and should reduce fuuture preservation costs. sen. pell appended to his statement the resolution of support by ala (cd #37, 1988-89, adopted january 11) as well as a letter of support from the association of research libraries.action needed. additional cosponsors are needed to move the legislation through the process this year. espec see us at booth 601 in cincinnatisystems without standards miss the marcmost library automation vendorswould like you to believe that they now support the marc standard. dherence to marc, and to all libraryunfortunately, some of them . <developed standards, is the only true have been shooting you a line.measure of a vendor’s commitment to academic libraries and academic librarians. adherence to standards is also the only way an academic library can guarantee the long-range success of its automation system the approval plan with no surprises.old-fashioned approval plans are they are spending.designed for the book budgets of the our approval plans feature pre­1960s. too often they surprise you publication title notification, person­with unpredictable performance, ally selected (not computer-selected) high returns, and unforeseen cost books, a carefully defined list of pub­fluctuations.lishers, and management reports in contrast, we put librarians that really help you control future firmly back in control of th new reference tools for libraries fromomnigraphics, inc.penobscot building_____________detroit, mi 48226______________(313) 961-1340a timely new video series...6. columbus’s other voyages.the great explorerslands and cultures he encountered. his fall from power, final years, and a summary right in time for the 500th anniversary in of his lasting contributions. in prep.1992, omnigraphics presents six video programs, 25 minutes each, featuring on­new quarterly journal...site filming and interviews with the wo acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 512 / c&rl news source sharing. a medical library special interest group will meet. contact: stewart publishing, i n c . , 6471 m e r r itt c o u rt, a lex a n d ria , va 22312; (703) 354-8155. 2 1 -2 3 — government databases: 12th annual con­ ference, association of public d ata users, r a­ mada renaissance, washington, d .c . a work­ shop on th e 1990 census w ill open the conference, which will also feature sessions on federal information policy, health and educa­ tion data, private sector use of public data, im­ migration data, and applications of county level data. contact: susan anderson, apdu, 87 pros­ pect ave., princeton, nj 08544; (609) 452-6025. 2 5 -2 6 — mental health: annual meeting, associa­ tion of mental health l ibrarian s, sheraton­ boston hotel, boston. the conference theme is “redefining library roles.” contact: barbara a. epstein, director of the library, western psychiatric institute and clinic, 3811 o ’hara street, pittsburgh, pa 15213; (412) 624-2378. 2 8 3 0 — north c arolina: b ienniel c onference, north carolina library association, m .c . ben­ ton convention and civic center, winston salem. theme: “libraries: spread the news.” featured speakers will be maya angelou and calvin t rillin . c ontact: local arrangements committee, c/o forsyth county public library, 660 w . fifth st., winston-salem, nc 27101; (919) 727-2556. november 4 7 — m idwest: 5th q u ad ren n ial c o n feren ce, midwest federation of library associations, in ­ diana convention center, indianapolis. key­ note speakers will be maya angelou and james duffy. fee: $65 for pre-registrants, $85 on site. contact: m fla conference headquarters, 310 n. a la b a m a , suite a 100, in d ia n a p o lis, in 46204; (317) 636-6613. 8 1 3 — m anagem ent: advanced m anagem ent skills institute, sponsored by the arl office of management studies, philadelphia. this is de­ signed for experienced library professionals holding management positions, who seek profi­ ciency in the duties of a top-level executive. the sessions focus on organizational concerns such as organizational diagnosis, problem-solving and change, goal-setting, executive role, and leader­ ship. fee: $490. contact: arl/oms, 1527 new h am p sh ire a v e ., n .w ., w a sh in g to n , d c 20036; (202) 232-8656. 1 1 -1 3 — optical technology: optical publishing & storage ’87, new york city. the three main events are presented papers, product review ses­ sions, and exhibits. a co-chair of the conference is fran spigai, president of database services, i n c ., and the publisher of microcomputer index. contact: learned information, in c ., 143 old marlton pike, medford, nj 08055; (609) 654­ 6266. 9— intellectual freedom: w illiam a. gillard1 lecture, council h all, st. jo h n ’s university queens c am pus, ja m a ic a , new york. t h e speaker will be judith f . krug, director of the ala office for intellectual freedom, who will examine issues of intellectual freedom as they re­ late to the c onstitution. c o n ta ct: philip m. clark, acting director, division of library and information science, st. john’s university, j a ­ m aica, ny 11439; (718) 990-6200. 1 9 2 3 — a fr ic a n a : f a ll m ee tin g , a rch ives libraries committee of the african studies as­ sociation, denver. in addition to the business meeting of the committee, there will be a meet­ ing of the cooperative africana microforms project (camp). contact: gregory finnegan, baker library, dartmouth college, hanover, nh 03755; (603) 646-2868. december 1 4 — m anagem ent: a nalytical skills in stitu te, sponsored by the arl office of management studies, honolulu. this program focuses on the skills needed for sound analysis in the areas of op­ erational problem-solving or project planning. f e e : $ 4 5 0 . c o n ta c t: arl/o m s, 1527 new h am p sh ire a v e., n . w . , w a sh in g to n , d c 20036; (202) 232-8656. ■ ■ thefa sdaidci sesl deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accom panied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ dem ic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl septem ber 1987 / 513 news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep't, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. for sale bankruptcy liquidation. west coast baptist liberal arts col­ lege library. 40,000 + volumes sold as a unit. call trustee for details: (503) 227-5120. directory of services for refugees and im m i­ grants. comprehensive directory of nearly 900 ethnic, religious and community organizations and voluntary and governmental agencies providing direct social, economic, educational, cultural and legal services to refugees, immigrants and the undocumented. arranged by state. fourteen indexes. 375p. isbn 0-938737-12-0. $27.95 + $2 shipping from: the denali press, box 1535, juneau, ak 99802. the first place to look for the last word in human ser­ vices: info line, the nation’s largest information and referral ser­ vice, has developed a comprehensive indexing and retrieval system for human services. the info line taxonomy of human services is an expandable, five-level hierarchy with 2,700+ defined terms. al­ phabetical and permuted displays permit easy access for users. for a detailed brochure and order form, write: info line, p.o. box 4307, el monte, ca 91734. or call (818) 350-1841. trying to fill a position? the vita bank is a service that helps you identify professionals by education, skills and experience. for about the cost of placing a job ad, you will receive brief credential summaries and mailing labels for each individual in the file matching your needs. contact pir: the vita bank, p.o. box 248, buchanan dam, tx 78609-0248. positions open anglo-american legal bibliographer, harvard law school. selects materials for, and oversees the development of, the anglo-american legal collections and the general social science col­ lections of the harvard law school library. provides reference as­ sistance at the langdell reference desk. chairs the anglo-american selection committee, which selects serials and expensive items for common law jurisdictions. works with faculty, students, librarians and others to identify materials’ retrospective collection strengths and makes recommendations for programmatic change. works with the acquisitions, serials and preservation librarians on problems re­ lating to the ordering, receipt and preservation of materials; monitors endowment and general income book funds; administers gift and exchange programs. reports to the assistant librarian for collection development. the harvard law school library serves an interna­ tional reseach community as well as the faculty and students of the school. its collections of 1.5 million volumes from most of the world’s legal jurisdictions include approximately 12,000 active serial titles. the current book budget exceeds $1 million. harvard law is a mem­ ber of the research libraries group, the new england law library consortium and uses the harvard on-line library information sys­ tem for integrated processing. required: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of anglo-american legal materials; strong bibliographic skills; effective written and oral communication skills. preferred: mini­ mum of three years relevant library experience; j.d. or graduate de­ gree in a social science; law library experience strongly preferred. position available november 1, 1987. appointment at librarian ii or iii rank; $23,500 and $28,900 respective minimums; salary negotia­ ble dependent upon experience; generous benefits, including pro­ fessional development support. for full consideration send letter, re­ sume, and names of three references by september 30, 1987, to: sandra coleman, deputy librarian, harvard law school, cam­ bridge, ma 02138. harvard university is an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. archivist. the houston academy of medicine-texas medi­ cal center library invites applications for an archivist. the archivist will assist in the development of collections documenting the history of health care, biomedical research and medical education in hous­ ton, texas. job responsibilities include contacting potential donors, arrangement and description of the 20th century collections, refer­ ence and supervision of department volunteers and one part-time manuscript processor. the position requires a master’s degree in li­ brary science, archives/american studies, history or related field; good oral and written communication skills; and a minimum of rele­ vant post-master’s experience. familiarity with the history of medi­ cine is preferred. the ham–tmc library is one of the largest health sciences libraries in the united states with a full-time staff of 26 pro­ fessional employees and 44 fte support staff. located in the texas medical center, it serves 19 health science institutions including 2 major medical schools, 3 nursing schools, and 6 major hospital sys­ tems. it is in the forefront of library technology with the oclc ls/2000 system; an online search system providing a local version of the medline database; a microcomputer skills lab; formal edu­ cation programs in information access and management; and exten­ sive microcomputer technology in its departments. in the midst of this high tech environment, we have built a dynamic historical collec­ tion which is growing significantly. fringe benefits include paid medi cal/dental/life insurance, tiaa/cref retirement plan, 24 paid vaca­ tion days per year, and a moving allowance for relocation to houston. there is a training and development budget to support professional growth. starting salary is $22,000 and is commensurate with experience. deadline for applications is october 15, 1987. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: janis apted, assistant director for administration, ham–tmc li­ brary, 1133 m.d. anderson boulevard, houston, tx 77030. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ associate librarian for personnel harvard college library the harvard college library, with a staff of 450 located in 11 separate library units, is seeking an associate librarian to provide the leadership for and administration of the library’s personnel pro­ gram. the associate librarian will report directly to the librarian and serve as a member of senior man­ agement. qualifications: mls or equivalent; signifi­ cant training, experience and/or education in per sonnel/human resource management; appropriate professional library experience in a research li­ brary; knowledge of and experience with library personnel programs; demonstrated written and verbal com m unication skills; negotiating/conflict resolution skills; ability to work as a member of a team while providing administrative leadership for a diverse system of libraries operating within a fac­ ulty and university structure. librarian iii rank. salary dependent on qualifica­ tions, from $33,530. good benefits package. avail­ able now. review of applications will continue through september and until position is filled. re­ sumes to: library personnel office 98 w idener library harvard university cambridge, ma 02138 an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ 14 / c&rl news5 archivist/conservator. non-tenure track position. respon­ sible for acquisition/preservation of archival materials; records man­ agement; user service; providing leadership for development, coor­ dination, and expansion of library preservation programs, including disaster recovery plans. qualifications: at least 2 -3 years’ experi­ ence with archival/preservation activities; demonstrated manage rial/organizatíonal abilities; and one or more of the following: degree or certificate in archival science, an mls, a master’s in history or a related field. salary range: $24,000-$26,000. review of applica­ tions begins on october 1, 1987. resume and names of 3 current references to: charles kratz, assistant dean, hofstra university li­ brary, 1000 fulton avenue, hempstead, ny 11550. aa/eoe. assistant cataloging librarian. requires mls degree or equivalent, ala-accredited preferred; reading knowledge of one or more foreign languages; knowledge of marc formats, lcsh, lc classification, aacr2, and automated cataloging systems; good oral and written communication skills; enthusiasm for cataloging. salary $17,000-$18,500, dependent on qualifications. available im­ mediately. send applications to: associate librarian for access ser­ vices, cornette library, west texas state university, box 748, w.t. station, canyon, tx 79016. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant government documents librarian. the university of nevada, las vegas, seeks service-oriented librarian to fill new entry level position in government documents section. uni­ versity is selective depository for federal documents and usgs maps and designated depository for nevada state and local docu­ ments. un publications are also acquired. duties include coordinat­ ing public services activities; cataloging maps; assistance with plan­ ning for inclusion of documents and maps on carlyle online catalog; assistance with staff supervision and collection development; and database searching. shares evening and weekend duties. re­ quired: ala-accredited mls, excellent interpersonal and communi­ cation skills, analytical ability, flexibility, ability to work cooperatively in demanding and changing environment; and ability to work well independently. preferred: documents course work; experience with map collection; knowledge of aacr2 and marc; and online data­ base searching experience. salary: beginning professional salary is $19,878. twelve-month, tenure-track appointment with excellent benefits including tiaa/cref, no state income tax. send application letter; resume, names, addresses, and phone numbers of three ref­ erences by october 9, 1987, to: mary dale deacon, director of li­ braries, university of nevada, las vegas, las vegas, nv 89154. unlv is an aa/eeo institution. assistant head, schaffner library. located on the chicago campus, schaffner library serves those enrolled in the university’s extension programs. a major initiative has been undertaken to de­ velop schaffner as an electronic library-laboratory, building user ed­ ucation and new technological applications to meet the specific needs of an expanding population of students. position involves par­ ticipation in all schaffner services including user education, faculty liaison, new technological initiatives, and reference. also coordi­ nates technical services. the position requires some evening hours and one day a week on the evanston campus coordinating schaff­ ner activities with the university library. mls from ala-accredited library school, excellent communication skills, and familiarity with on­ line searching and other computing applications. starting salary range: $20,000-$23,000. available december 1, 1987. send letter of application and resume, including names of 3 references, to: lance query, assistant university librarian for planning and per­ sonnel, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60201. ap­ plications received by october 30, 1987, will receive first consider­ ation. an eeo/aa employer. assistant to director of libraries, university of arkan sas, fayetteville. works with director and associate director in busy administrative office responsible for overseeing the activities of a li­ brary system with 1,000,000 + volumes and a staff of 105. a major responsibility will be to write or edit documents of all types, including reports and publications concerning the library and communications with other administrative offices, library staff, patrons, and friends. in addition, this individual will be expected to develop and refine proce­ dures for business, personnel, and other administrative office func­ tions and participate with library management in decisions in all ar­ eas of administrative concern. requirements: ala-accredited mls; experience related to writing and editing functions of position will re­ ceive greatest consideration. salary $17,500; 12-month tenure track appointment at rank of assistant librarian; tiaa/cref, 22 days an­ nual leave. position available august 25, 1987; applications acdirector of libraries sam houston state university sam houston state university invites nominations and applications for the position of director of li­ braries. shsu is state supported and offers 74 undergraduate degrees, 58 master’s degrees, and one ph.d. the university enrollment is 10,500. huntsville is a city of 28,000 located 70 miles north of houston. the newton gresham library contains approximately 1.3 million volume equivalents, including 70,000 books, 4,500 periodical titles, 600,000 microforms, and 250,000 governm ent documents. the library has in place an integrated online system and office automation system. the library holds membership in am i­ gos and the east texas consortium of libraries. the budget is in excess of $1.5 million. there are 14 librarians, who hold faculty rank, and 22 support staff positions. the director of libraries reports to the vice president for academic affairs, and serves as a member of the university academic policy council. the position is tenure track with rank corresponding to qualifications. salary mid-$50s, competitive and nego­ tiable dependent upon qualifications. qualifications: an mls degree from ala-accredited program. ph.d. preferred. five years of recent professional library experience with increasing administrative responsibilities. familiarity with academic research and scholarship, information resource systems, and current techno­ logical developments. proven leadership abilities and communication skills. the ability to work effectively with all segments of the university community. demonstrated success in planning, organization, and providing effective library services. applications must include a complete resume with names, addresses, and phone numbers of five refer­ ences. the timeline for the receipt of all application material is o ctober 1 5 ,1 9 8 7 . send all correspondence to: richard cording, chair, libraries search com m ittee, sam houston state university, hunts­ ville, tx 77341. sam houston state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. vice president for information services and university librarian c olum bia university invites nom inations and applications for the position o f vice presi­ d e n t for inform ation sendees and university librarian. scholarly inform ation su p p o rt services at c olum bia are provided by th e scholarly in fo rm atio n c en ter (sic) com ­ prising th e university libraries, th e c en ter for c o m p u tin g activities, an d o th e r specialized inform ation services. t h e collection o f th e c olum bia u niversity libraries holds m ore th a n five m illion volum es, three m illion m anuscript item s, and 6 2 ,0 0 0 serial titles. twenty-one (of th e twenty-six) libraiy units are grouped in three divisions: h u m an ities and h istory, science and engineering, and social sciences. t h e o th e r five c olum bia libraries are designated distinctive collections, so called because their collec­ tio n s are o f u n iq u e d e p th and national significance. t h e p o s itio n : t he vice president will exercise broad executive responsibility for plan­ ning, organizing, and directing all libraries (law excepted), academic c o m p u tin g , an d c o m p u te r s u p p o rt o perations w ith in th e university. h e o r she will form ulate and ensure th e im p lem en tatio n o f effective inform ation services in su p p o rt o f th e instructional and research activities o f th e university, and will sustain and enhance the level o f excellence o f c o lu m b ia’s inform ation resources. a n appropriately qualified candidate will be ap p o in ted as professor o f libraiy sendee. q u a lifica tio n s: candidates should have a record o f superior achievement appropriate for a senior a p p o in tm e n t, w ith d em o n strated ability to guide th e full range o f infor­ m atio n sendees an d to provide leadership o f o n e o f th e n a tio n ’s largest an d m o st distinguished university libraiy systems. additionally, we seek evidence o f th e vision and energy necessary to co n tin u e o u r pioneering integration o f c o lu m b ia’s inform a­ tio n functions. a p p lication s: t he closing date for nom inations and applications is o ctober 1 5 ,1 9 8 7 . please send th e m to th e follow ing address: professor james v. m irollo c hairm an o f th e search c o m m ittee c/o k athleen w iltshire, box 35, b utler library 535 we c st 1 o 14th l str u eet, m n ew b york i , a ny 10027 c olum bia universit u y is a n n a i ffi v rmat e ive r acti s on i eq t ual y o p p o rtu n ity employer. 516 / c&rl news cepted until appointment is made. as the major research and gradu­ ate institution in the state, the university of arkansas, fayetteville, a land-grant university, offers a full range of graduate, undergraduate, and professional degrees. located in scenic northwest arkansas, fayetteville is a university town of 40,000 in a picturesque setting in the foothills of the ozarks, an unspoiled region with clean air, a tem­ perate climate, and a variety of cultural and recreational opportuni­ ties. letter of application and resume, with names of three refer­ ences, should be submitted to: john a. harrison, director, university libraries, university of arkansas, fayetteville, ar 72701 the university of arkansas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant undergraduate librarian(s). university of il­ linois library at urbana-champaign. one, and possibly, two posi­ tions, available september 21, 1987. under the direction of the as­ sistant director for undergraduate libraries and instructional services, provides reference and information services to users; par­ ticipates in course-integrated bibliographic instruction program; re­ sponsible for collection development and faculty liaison in assigned subject areas; catalogs print and non-print materials. duties may in­ clude administering undergraduate’s circulation and shelving de­ partments, coordinating the periodicals unit, or coordinating facets of the bibliographic instruction program. other duties as assigned. required qualifications: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school, or its degree equivalent; at least one year of professional experience in reference and/or bibliographic in­ struction; ability to meet university requirements for tenure and pro­ motion; and demonstrated commitment to dynamic public services for undergraduates. preferred: experience with public access online catalogs and/or online database searching. desired: evidence of fa­ miliarity with cataloging practices for print and non-print formats. reading knowledge of at least one western european language. demonstrated ability of appropriate supervisory experience. librari­ ans have faculty rank. appointment at the rank of assistant professor of library administration. salary $20,000 upward, depending on qualifications. send letter of application and complete resume with the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of five references to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, library personnel office, 127 library, university of illinois at urbana-champaign, 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il 61801. phone (217)333-8169. spe­ cific inquiries may be addressed to: betsy wilson, chairperson, search committee, phone (217) 333-3489. for maximum consider­ ation, applications and nominations should be received no later than september 18, 1987. aa/eeo employer. bibliographic analyst, library systems office. this position coordinates and supports use of columbia libraries information on­ line (clio) in the area of database planning; identifies, specifies and oversees testing of enhancements to bibliographic and holdings database; serves as liaison between bibliographic and program­ ming staff; and provides training and documentation relative to the clio database and its maintenance. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: in-depth knowledge of marc format and re­ search library cataloging and catalog maintenance practice; recent operating experience with library automation and bibliographic database load specification; and demonstrated communication, in­ terpersonal and system analysis skills, including skill in technical and procedure writing. working knowledge ot rlin preferred, knowl­ edge of wln software desirable. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. salary ranges are: librarian i: $24 ,50 0 -$ 31 ,850; librarian ii: $26 ,50 0 -$ 35 ,7 75 . send resume, listing three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is september 21, 1987. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. branch librarian. university of georgia, coastal plain experi­ ment station, tifton, georgia. (salary minimum $20,000.) duties: the branch librarian at the coastal plain experiment station is re­ sponsible to the assistant director for branches at the university of georgia libraries for the coordination, planning, development, and management of the experiment station library. specific duties in­ clude: providing reference and circulation services; maintaining ef­ fective working relationships with libraries faculty, patrons, the li­ brary committee of the experiment station, and other branch libraries; supervising one library assistant; conducting online data­ base searches; and verifying data for interlibrary loan requests. the branch librarian serves 140 university and u.s. department of agri­ director of libraries state university of new york college at plattsburgh suny plattsburgh has an immediate vacancy for position of director of libraries. the college enrolls about 6,200 students, with 300 full-time faculty. psuc is an arts and science college with graduate pro­ grams in biology, chemistry, counseling, education, liberal studies and psychology. the college is lo­ cated in plattsburgh situated on lake champlain, close to montreal, lake placid and burlington, vermont. responsibilities: the director of libraries reports to the vp for academ ic affairs. the director is responsi­ ble for the overall planning, operation and direction of the library and supervises a staff of 39.5 including 15.5 library faculty. other responsibilities include preparation and administration of budgets (fy 87/88 ap proximatly $1.4 million), program development, planning and implementation of a fully automated library system in conjunction with the suny/oclc network. qualifications: a m aster’s degree from an ala-accredited institution is required. candidates should have a minimum of 5 years administrative experience in an academ ic library, library automation as well as dem onstrated leadership abilities and the ability to com m unicate effectively with faculty, staff and students. an earned doctorate is desirable. salary to mid $50s, commensurate with qualifications. applicants should respond by the closing date of october 31, 1987 or until suitable candidate is found, by sending a current vita, names of three current references with title, com plete address and telephone number and a letter detailing specific interests to: ann hasting, chair director of libraries search com m ittee c/o o ffice of personnel and a ffirm ative action state university of new york box 100 plattsburgh, ny 12901 suny is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. qualified minority candidates are encouraged to apply. september 1987 / 517 culture scientists and extension specialists and is responsible for a lege, located between the adirondack mountains and the st. law­ rence river, has an opening for a librarian with shared responsibili­ ties in cataloging (2/3 time) and reference (1/3 time). cataloging responsibilities include: performing original cataloging, revising non dlc contributed cataloging, serving as a cataloging resource pro­ fessional for 3 fte paraprofessionals, sharing card catalog mainte­ nance activities, and assisting the head of technical services with training and with developing cataloging policies. reference respon­ sibilities include: providing regular reference desk services, sharing evening and weekend reference desk service in rotation with all li­ brarians, and participating in other reference activities, such as on­ line database searching and collection development. required: ala-accredited mls, 2 years or more professional cataloging expe­ rience using oclc or another bibliographic utility, knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, and lc classification, evidence of commitment to providing a high quality of reference service and excellent communi­ cation and interpersonal skills. desirable: some reference experi­ ence, knowledgeo f automated library systems, second master’s de­ gree, and a working knowledge of at least one foreign language. twelve month contract. liberal benefits. month’s vacation. faculty status. starting date: 1 january 1988. salary range: $ 19,000 $22,000. send letter of application, resume, and the names, ad­ dresses and telephone numbers of 3 references to: michael alzo, search committee chair, owen d. young library, st. lawrence university, canton, ny 13617. closing date: 15 october 1987. st. lawrence university is an eeo/aa employer and educational institu­ tion. applications from women and minorities are encouraged. chemistry librarian, university of california, berkeley. man­ age public and technical services as well as collection development and preservation activities. responsible for planning the operational needs of this branch library and evaluating its operational success. represent the chemistry library in faculty and departmental meet collection of over 16,000 volumes. qualifications: required: alaaccredited mls; minimum of 2 years library experience; effective oral and written communication skills; ability to establish and main­ tain effective working relationships. preferred: experience in an aca­ demic or special library; experience with current periodicals and/or interlibrary loan; familiarity with either dialog or brs; background in the sciences or agriculture; flexibility in planning and implement­ ing library programs; knowledge of the principles of bibliographic control. desired: practical experience with microcomputers. appli­ cation procedure: deadline october 9, 1987. send resume includ­ ing the names of three references and letter of application address­ ing qualifications to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action institution. business reference librarian. permanent, 9 month, full time appointment; tenure track position with faculty status. responsi­ bilities: general reference duties including some weekend and eve­ ning hours; serve as collection coordinator and faculty liaison for business and economics; bibliographic instruction; online search­ ing in business. required: ala mls; experience or training in gen­ eral reference and online searching; experience as business refer­ ence lib ra ria n or business degree; s tro n g co m m itm e n t to bibliographic instruction. preferred: mba degree. second master's required for tenure. appointment january 4, 1988. instructor or as­ sistant professor. $19,000-$22,500; summer employment addi­ tional. applications received by september 30, 1987, will receive first consideration but applications accepted until position is filled. send resume, names, addresses and phone numbers of 3 refer­ ences to: deborah hollens, chair, library personnel committee, southern oregon state college, ashland, or 97520. equal op­ portunity, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian ii, boston college libraries. as the head of online cataloging, manages the bibliographic maintenance and au­ thority control operations for o’neill library. will participate in the planning and implementation of authority control for the integrated online system. supervises and trains support staff and student assis­ tants. participates in departmental and system-wide committees to develop policies and procedures. coordinates database quality control efforts and related special projects. qualifications: alaaccredited mls; 3 years progressively responsible experience, in­ cluding supervision, in an academic library; practical experience with lc classification, lcsh, aacr2, oclc and marc formats; substantive experience in authority work essential; excellent com­ munication skills and evidence of successful project coordination re­ quired; experience with integrated online systems highly desirable. salary from $23,000 depending on qualifications. boston college of­ fers its 14,000 students and almost 700 faculty the advantages of a strong liberal arts institution with outstanding graduate and proressional programs. the new o’neill library provides an attractive, highly automated environment for study and learning. the library system will celebrate the acquisition of its one millionth volume this year. benefits include a wide range of insurance programs, tuition remission and one month’s vacation. to apply send resume with 3 references to: mary mcmillan, employment manager, boston col­ lege, chestnut hill, ma 02167. applications received by september 30,1987, will receive first consideration. boston college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. cataloger. the chrysler museum library is a medium-size art library in a growing institution; the library will move to a new facility in 1988. responsibilities: original and copy cataloging in all areas of art history and photography, utilizing aacr2, lcsh, and lc classifica­ tion; general technical processing; light reference; supervision of 1 library assistant. reports to chief librarian. requirements: alaaccredíted mls; ba in art history or equivalent; reading knowledge of french and/or german; 2 years of post-mls cataloging experi­ ence with oclc or rlin; strong understanding of aacr1 and 2, isbd, and various marc formats. benefits: salary commensurate with experience ($17,000 minimum); 12 days vacation, 12 days sick/ personal leave annually; tiaa/cref; excellent health insurance. send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references by 30 september 1987, to: amy navratil ciccone, chief librarian, the chrysler museum, olney road & mowbray arch, norfolk, va 23510. aa/eoe. cataloging/reference librarian (search reopened). st. lawrence university, a private, non-denominational liberal arts col­ 518 / c &r l n ew s ings and professional associations. requires mls degree, substan­ tial experience in a scientific research library. special consideration given candidates with undergraduate degree in chemistry or other physical science. successful management ability and professional achievement expected. full job description on request. a ppoint­ ment salary range $39,456 to $45,084 per annum. application deadline: 15 september 1987. send resume, including name and address of three professional references to: william e. wenz, direc­ tor for library personnel, room 447 library, university of c alifor­ nia, berkeley, ca 94720. the university of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. co o rdinato r, library system s, the university of the west indies. applications are invited for the post of coordinator, library systems, at the level of deputy librarian in the main library. the ap­ pointee will be expected to serve as systems and computer a pplica­ tions manager with a leadership role in the planning, implementa­ tion, coordination and maintenance of com puter systems in the university libraries. applicants should have a higher degree in math head librarian luther college decorah, iowa the position is a faculty, tenure-track a p p o in t­ ment. rank com m e nsu rate with credentials and e x­ perience. the luther c ollege library is served by a facu lty of 5 professional librarians (including the h ead and d irector of instructional media), 11 s u p ­ port staff and over 60 stud en t assistants. the library houses 27 0 ,0 0 0 volum es a n d contains a large ar­ chival collection. q ualifications: mls from an a l a -a ccre d ite d li­ brary school required. an additional graduate d e ­ gree highly desirable. m inim um of 5 years adm inis­ tr a tiv e e x p e r ie n c e in a c a d e m ic lib ra rie s . e xperience in a liberal arts college; significant activ­ ity w ithin pro fessio na l lib ra ry o rg a n iza tio n s; e v i­ d e n c e of c o n tin u in g pro fessio na l d e ve lo p m e n t; pu blica tion record desirable. r esponsibilities: the h ead librarian reports to the a ca d e m ic dean, serves as d e p a rtm e n t head for the library facu lty and is responsible for all aspects of the operation of the library. areas of priority are b u d g e t preparation and fiscal planning, personnel m anagem ent, professional de velop m en t, co lle c­ tio n d e v e lo p m e n t, a u to m a tio n a n d lo n g -ra n g e planning for all facets of the library operation. starting date: ja n u a ry 1, 1988, preferred. salary: $ 3 5 ,0 0 0 -$ 4 5 ,0 0 0 . a p p lica tio n d eadline: the search com m ittee will begin review ing ap p lica tio n s on o c to b e r 1 ,1 9 8 7 , and continue to d o so until the position is filled. a detailed jo b de scrip tion is available upon request. a p p ly to: s e n d le tte r of a p p lic a tio n , resu m e, gra d u a te transcripts and three professional refer­ ences to: r o g er w . a n d ers o n a s s o c ia te d ean l u th e r c o lle g e d e c o ra h , ia 52101 luther college is an equal opportunity employer. ematics or com puter science and substantial managerial experi­ ence in library automated systems. annual salary: tt$82,536 $93,984. passages, pension, housing. study and travel grant. de­ tailed applications naming three referees to the registrar from whom further details are available. registrar, the university of the west indies, st. augustine, trinidad, west indies. educatio n and psycholo g y reference librarian. california state university, sacramento. probationary (tenure-track) p ositio n at the s enior a ssistant l ib raria n rank. salary range $ 29 ,640-$35,676 depending upon qualifications. responsibilities: under the direction of the education and psychology reference de­ p a rtm e n t head p ro v id e s g eneral re feren ce service, data ba se searching, and library instruction in the subjects of education, psy­ chology, physical education, recreation, and related social science subjects; serves as a subject specialist and library research consul­ tant in education; coordinates the developm ent of designated edu­ cation collections; compiles bibliographies and user aids; assists in the developm ent of library policy; participates in university and scholarly activities. required qualifications: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; two years experience as a profes­ sional reference librarian in an academic or research library, prefera­ bly in education, behavioral sciences, or a closely related social sci­ ence field (a degree in education or a teaching credential may substitute for one year of this experience); academic coursework in education; strong interpersonal and communication skills (written and oral); experience in searching computer-based information sources. desirable qualifications: experience in the management of an educational software collection, in the integration of automated and traditional reference skills in an academic library, and in the preparation and presentation of formal library instruction. academ ic coursework in behavioral sciences or a closely related social science field. write for a detailed vacancy announcement. application proce­ dures: send a letter (postmarked no later than september 30,1987) addressing the above qualifications, a current resume, and names and addresses of three references to: charles martell, dean and uni­ versity librarian, california state university, sacram ento, the library, 2000 jed smith drive, sacramento, ca 95819-2695. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. educatio nal media librarian, responsible for equipment and software media services, including graphics and photo produc­ tion and collection development, at eastern oregon state c ollege’s library. qualifications: appropriate library science or educational technology degree and experience. faculty status, 12-month posi­ tion, $ 1 8 -$ 2 5 k salary. a pply by september 15, 1987, to: chairper­ son, library search committee, c/o a cadem ic affairs office, eastern oregon state college, 8th and k streets, la grande, or 97850. eosc is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. engineering librarian, university of california, berkeley. manage public and technical services as well as collection develop­ ment and preservation activities. responsible for planning the oper­ ational needs of this large branch library and evaluating its opera­ tional success. represent the engineering library in faculty and departm ent meetings and professional associations. requires mls degree and substantial experience in a scientific research library. special consideration given candidates with undergraduate degree in engineering or other physical science. successful management ability and professional achievement will be expected. full job de­ scription on request. a ppointm ent salary range $39,456 to $45,084 per annum. application deadline: 15 september 1987. send re­ sume, including name and address of three professional references to: william e. wenz, director for library personnel, room 447 li­ brary, university of california, berkeley, ca 94720. the univer­ sity of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. french la n g u a g e c a ta lo g e r . available: n ovem ber 1, 1987; negotiable. description: faculty position in the technical ser­ vices division. responsible for original classification and cataloging of books in the french language, as well as english language cata­ loging in a selected area. qualifications: an mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. must be proficient in the french lan­ guage and have a good working knowledge of aacr2, lc classifi­ cation, lcsh and other standard cataloging tools. must have special subject com petency in one or more fields. also must understand marc formats. experience with rlin, oclc or other major biblio­ graphic utilities desirable. good written and oral communication skills are required as well as the ability to work effectively with all lev­ els of staff. must be willing to maintain the highest standards of septem ber 1987 / 519 honor, integrity, and morality as taught by the church of jesus christ of latter-day saints, including abstinence from alcoholic bev­ erages, tobacco, tea and coffee. salary & benefits: faculty status, generous insurance and retirem ent benefits. salary range is $19,000 and up depending on qualifications. this is a twelve-month appointment with twenty-two days annual leave and additional pro­ fessional development time available. deadline for application: oc­ tober 1, 1987. to apply: send resume and names of three refer­ ences to: larry j. ostler, assistant university librarian for personnel and general services, 3080 hbll, brigham young university, provo, ut 84602. general reference/government publications li­ brarian. 12-month tenure track position as instructor or assistant p ro fe sso r a v a ila b le j a n u a ry 1, 1988. s alary range: $25,140-$27,900 depending on qualifications and experience. ref­ erence duties include reference desk assignment, bibliographic in­ struction, database searching, and collection development. governf o u r p o s it io n s university of the pacific university o† the pacific libraries is seeking librarians for the follow ing four positions: c hair, in fo rm atio n s ervices d e p a rtm e n t. overall m anagem ent of reference services, database searching, instructional services, circulation, and interlibrary loan. reports directly to the dean of libraries. involved in im m ediate and long-range planning, resource allocation, and overall policy developm ent. should have a m inim um of three years’ experience in one or m ore public service areas of an academ ic library. c hair, t ec h n ic al s ervices d e p a rtm e n t (re-opened). supervises technical services staff responsible for acquisitions, cataloging, and bindery of all library materials using innovacq and rlin. reports directly to the dean of libraries. involved in im m ediate and long-range planning, resource allocation, and overall policy developm ent. plays a m ajor role in collection developm ent and the planning and im plem entation of an autom ated integrated library system and other autom ation projects. should have a m inim um of three years’ experience in one or m ore technical service areas of an academ ic library. g ood know ledge of and experience with an autom ated acquisitions or cataloging system preferred. a c q u is itio n s /s e ria ls l ib rarian . o versees ordering and receiving of library materials using the innov­ acq acquisitions and serials system. m onitors library materials budget, assists in collection developm ent, coordinates approval plan, meets with booksellers and subscription agents, m onitors vendor perfor­ mance. reports to chair, technical services departm ent and participates in departm ental planning. m ini­ mum of three years’ experience in serials or m onographic acquisitions. experience with an autom ated serials/acquisitions system preferred. should be familiar with publishing or bookseller trade. r e feren ce l ib rarian . provides general reference service. includes som e bibliog rap hic instruction and book selection (collection developm ent). reports to chair, information services departm ent, experience or training in online literature searching preferred. a ll positions: mls or equivalent from an ala -accredited school required. m ust show successful supervi­ sory experience (reference librarian position excluded) and excellent skills in leadership, hum an relations, and oral and written com m unication skills. must dem onstrate a com m itm ent to service and the ability to w ork effectively, independently, and cooperatively with all elem ents of the library and the university co m ­ munity. a ll positions: tenure-track appointm ents at assistant or associate professor rank for chair and acquisi tion/serials positions; assistant professor rank for reference librarian position. must meet general univer­ sity requirem ents for prom otion and tenure in addition to specified library assignments. a n n u a l salaries. chair positions: $24,000 + (depending on qualifications and experience). acquisitions/ serials position: $ 2 0 ,0 0 0 + (de pe nd in g on qualifications and experience). reference librarian position: $19,000. benefits include one m onth vacation, tiaa/cref, and broad insurance benefits. university of the pacific is an inde pe nd en t coeducational institution with an enrollm ent of approxim ately 3,800 students on a 155-acre cam pus. the main cam pus is in stockton, california, a city of m ore than 170,000 located 75 miles east of san francisco and 45 miles south of sacramento. a m ajor $6.5 million library addition has been recently com pleted. a p plicatio n a n d deadline: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone num bers of three current references to: t h o m as w . l eo n h ard t d ean, u n iversity libraries u n iversity of th e pacific s to ckto n , ca 95211 a pplications received by o c to b e r 1 ,1 9 8 7 , will receive first consideration. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 520 / c&rl news ment publications duties include administration of federal and state documents collections, reference and legal reference service, and bibliographic instruction. minimum requirements: ala-accredited mls and experience in reference and government publications. de­ sired qualifications: cognate master’s, science or social science background, oclc experience, experience in legal reference, ex­ perience with microcomputers and online retrieval systems, re­ search or publication record. library faculty members work under a union negotiated contract. evaluations for retention, promotion, and tenure are based upon performance in areas of primary duties, re­ search, and service. position description and application form avail­ able upon request. letters of application, resume, current creden­ tials, transcript, and list of references should be postmarked by october 1, 1987. address correspondence to: cynthia johnson, administrative clerk, university library, western illinois univer­ sity, macomb, il 61455. wiu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women, minorities, and handicapped individuals are especially encouraged to apply. german language cataloger. available: november 1, 1987; negotiable. description: faculty position in the technical ser­ vices division. responsible for original classification and cataloging of books in the german language, as well as english language cata­ loging in a selected area. qualifications: an mls degree from an ala–accredited library school. must be proficient in the german lan­ guage and have a good working knowledge of aacr2, lc classifi­ cation, lcsh and other standard cataloging tools. must have special subject competency in one or more fields. also must understand marc formats. experience with rlin, oclc or other major biblio­ graphic utilities desirable. good written and oral communication skills are required as well as the ability to work effectively with all lev­ els of staff. must be willing to maintain the highest standards of honor, integrity, and morality as taught by the church of jesus christ of latter-day saints, including abstinence from alcoholic bev­ erages, tobacco, tea and coffee. salary & benefits: faculty status, generous insurance and retirement benefits. salary range is $19,000 and up depending on qualifications. this is a twelve-month appointment with twenty-two days annual leave and additional pro­ fessional development time available. deadline for application: oc­ tober 1, 1987. to apply: send resume and names of three refer­ ences to: larry j. ostler, assistant university librarian for personnel and general services, 3080 hbll, brigham young university, provo, ut 84602. government documents librarian. manages documents department; responsible for selection, organization, and cataloging of federal, state, and other documents collections. patron services, including bibliographic instruction and service outreach, a high pri­ ority. supervises one full-time assistant plus student assistants. re­ ports to the director of the library. tenure-earning; faculty ranked. salary from base of $23,500. required: ala/mls; experience in government documents. preferred: knowledge of oclc cataloging; experience in reference services, database searching, and adminis­ tration of documents collection. closing date october 30, 1987. send letter, resume, and three current letters of professional refer­ ence to: cynthia pfannenstiel, chair, government documents li­ brarian search committee, axe library, pittsburg state univer­ sity, pittsburg, ks 66762. pittsburg state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, collection development. responsible for adminis tration of library’s ordering and acquisitions program, and for plan­ ning, developing and administering policy and programs to system­ atically build and maintain library’s collections. involves extensive w ork with facu lty and p articipa tio n in reference. salary: $23 ,00 0 -5 28 ,0 00 ; open until filled. requires mls from ala accredited library school, with two or more years experience in ac­ quisitions preferred; effective writing and good interpersonal skills. send letter of application and resume containing names of three ref­ erences to: clifton h. jones, director, zahnow library, saginaw special collections librarian/curator university of texas at arlington the university of texas at arlington has reopened the search for a special collections librarian/curator to fulfill a number of roles within the division. the position reports to the assistant director for special collec­ tions and is primarily responsible for collection developm ent of the book and serial collection, including book selection, acquisitions, working with vendors and donors, and preparing a collection development policy. also, the position plans and performs basic preservation activities. all division personnel have part time responsibility for reference services and bibliographic instruction. required qualifications: applicants should have a master’s in library science from an ala-accredited program and a minimum of two years professional experience in an academ ic or research library, prefera­ bly in a special collections division. consideration will be given to candidates without the mls who have a graduate degree in history or a related discipline and have a minimum of three years professional experi­ ence in a special collection division in an academ ic or research library. training or experience in basic preservation planning and techniques is also required. location: the university of texas at arlington is located in the dallas/fort worth metroplex, has a current enrollment of approxim ately 23,000, and offers 97 degrees, 18 at the ph.d. level. the university libraries presently has approxim ately 1,076,500 items in the collections and a staff of 100. the division of special collections includes the jenkins garrett library of texana and the mexican war, the robertson colony collection, the cartographic history library, small press works, and archival collections which include pho­ tographs, manuscripts, labor history, texas county history, and political figures as primary subjects. salary and benefits: dependent on qualifications and experience: $20,000 minimum. benefits include state contribution to health insurance premiums, payment of 88 percent of social security premiums for the first $16,500 of annual salary, and 8.5 percent of annual salary contributed by the state for optional retire­ ment programs. applications: applications should include a letter of application, a resume, and the names and addresses of three professional references. considerations for the position will begin o ctober 1 ,1 9 8 7 , and applica­ tions should be sent to: robert gam ble, head, special collections search com m ittee, the univer­ sity of texas at arlington, p.o. box 19497, arlington, tx 76019. the university of texas at arlington is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. septem ber 1987 / 521 valley s tate college, university center, ml 48710. svsc is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, fine arts library. associate librarian, the university of michigan libraries. responsibilities: under the supervision of the coordinator of branch libraries, responsible for administering the fine arts library, which involves planning and budgeting for ser­ vices, space, staff, and the collection (59,000 volumes and two fte staff with 2.3 hourly students). responsible for planning, develop­ ment, and management of reference and research services, includ­ ing: on-call reference, appointment-based research consultation, bibliographic instruction and outreach activities. also responsible for selection of materials on the history of the visual arts. required: a c­ credited mls; demonstrated knowledge of research interests and trends in the history of art. previous experience in an academic li­ brary, including supervisory experience. demonstrated knowledge of collection management and online information resources and in­ formation technologies. demonstrated oral and written communica­ tion skills. ability to do collection development utilizing french and german languages. desired: working knowledge of italian. miniserials cataloging section head university of miami otto g. richter library a ssignm ent: reports to the head of the catalog d e pa rtm e nt. c a ta lo g s new serials a c c o rd in g to aac r 2 and o clc serials form at. directs and su­ pervises the w orkflow of the periodicals processing unit (6 p a ra -p ro fe s s io n a l fte): s tu d ie s w a ys in w hich to im prove or m od ify local practices of p ro c­ essing periodicals. prepares for future autom ation needs and the classifying of periodicals. serves on library and university com m ittees as needed. q ualifications: an a l a -a ccre d ite d m aster’s de ­ gree in library science or its fore ign equivalent plus a m inim um of 3 ye a rs’ serials cataloging exp e ri­ ence. preferred: m anagerial exp erien ce in a serials cataloging unit of an a ca d e m ic library. a p p o in tm e n t: twelve m onth, tenure track, fac­ ulty rank of assistant professor. librarians are ex­ pected to m eet the criteria for prom otion and tenure w hich require research, publication, and involve­ m ent in the profession. benefits: paid pension plan; partially paid insur­ ance plans; 22 days vacation; m oving allowance; tuition remission. salary: starting salary range $ 2 3 ,0 0 0 -$ 2 8 ,0 0 0 de p e n d in g on experience and qualifications. available: d e cem b er 1, 1987. c losing date: to ensure consideration, a p ply be­ fore n o v e m b e r 1, 1987. d ocum ents: send ap plication letter, resume, and the nam es of three references to: r onald p. n aylo r a s s is ta n t d ire c to r fo r a d m in is tra tiv e s e rv ic e s o tto g. r ic h te r l ib rary u n iv e rs ity o f m iam i p .o . box 2 4 8 2 1 4 coral g ab le s, fl 3 3 1 2 4 (30 5) 28 4-3 55 1 522 / c & rl n ew s mum salary of $23,000, dependent on previous relevant experi­ ence. applications received by september 30, 1987, will be given first consideration. a pply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library per­ sonnel and payroll services, 404 hatcher graduate library, univer­ sity of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109-1205. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. head, hum anities division, with faculty rank and tenure track. position reopened. responsible for the humanities public services division of the library directing the work of three librarians, three support staff, and student assistants. supervise reference and col­ lection development for materials in all literatures and languages, re­ ligion, the fine arts, architecture, general periodicals, library and in­ formation science, journalism, sports and recreation. sit on the library director’s council and serve on council committees con­ cerned with overall library operation. master’s degree from an ala accredited library school; a bachelor’s or second master’s in a disci­ pline in the humanities; at least five years experience in an academic library public services position, preferably in the humanities. good fringe benefits. salary: $27,500 minimum. for full consideration ap­ plications should be received by november 6,1987. submit letter of application with resume including names of three references to: nor­ man l. nelson, assistant university librarian, oklahoma state university, stillwater, ok 74078-0375. aa/eo employer. head, museum research library, natural history museum of los angeles county invites applications for a full-time, permanent position, funded by the museum foundation. the library contains over 80,000 volumes, has a total of 3,640 journal titles, and serves a research staff including 34 curators. salary: $24,759-$30,802, de­ pending on qualifications. duties: responsible for organization and development of the research library and related collections, includ­ ing the seaver center for western history research. prepares and monitors budget; selects, trains and supervises librarians, library as­ sistants, and student assistants. manages all library operations in­ cluding technical processing, exchange activities and preservation of books, journals, maps, archives, and special collections. respon­ sible for the selection and acquisition of books and journals, includ­ ing current and antiquarian materials, in conjunction with curatorial staff. maintains liaison with museum administration, curatorial divi­ sions and the public. assists curators and public in effective use of the collection for research. fosters cooperation with librarians of lo­ cal universities and natural history institutions in the u.s. and abroad. must be willing to seek funding from outside granting agencies. qualifications: a la-accredited mls required; second master’s de­ gree in biology, geology or history desirable. 5 years of professional experience in a research library with at least 2 years of supervisory experience. experience with bibliographic utilities such as oclc or rlin, and online database searching preferred. send letter of appli­ cation, resume, and list of 4 references (including addresses and telephone numbers) by 15 october 1987, to: gordon hendler, chair of the library search committee, natural history museum of los a n g eles county, 900 exposition boulevard, los angeles, ca 90007. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of catalo ging and a u to m atio n . permanent, 9 month, full-time appointment; tenure track position with faculty sta­ tus. responsibilities: supervise cataloging department with 2 full­ time and student staff; assist in library automation projects, including m icrocomputer applications in technical services and administra­ tion; some reference duties; liaison with academic departments, preferably fine and performing arts. required: ala mls; 3 -5 years professional cataloging; experience with bibliographic utility (prefer­ ably oclc), lc classification, library automated systems; dem on­ strated supervisory skills and ability to plan and implement change. preferred: subject master’s; familiarity with m icrocom puter applica­ tions, and literature of the fine arts. second master’s required for ten­ ure. assistant professor; $20,500-$24,000 for 9 months; summer em ploym ent additional. applications received by september 30, 1987, will receive first consideration but applications accepted until position is filled. send resume, names, addresses and phone num­ bers of 3 references to: deborah hollens, library personnel commit­ tee, southern oregon state college, ashland, or 97520. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of reference, old dominion university. reporting to the assistant university librarian, incumbent administers a reference department comprised of eight professionals and two support staff. the department provides general reference, library instruction, and automated reference services. (s)he will be responsible for imple­ menting an automated reference service (online searching, info trac, and cd-rom services); for selecting, evaluating, and training personnel; for participating in library instruction and reference ser­ vices; for planning, budgeting, and reporting; for organization and m a n a g e m e n t of s e rv ic e s ; a nd fo r the d e v e lo p m e n t of microcomputer-based automated systems to improve efficiency and effectiveness of departm ental operations. q ualifications: ala accredited master's degree; 5 years’ relevant experience, including 3 as supervisory functionary; reading knowledge of one modern for­ eign languages; education in or experience with automated systems as they relate to reference service; second master’s degree helpful. salary base: $30,000. for full consideration, send letter of applica­ tion, resume, names, addresses and phone numbers of three pro­ fessional references, and photocopies of all academic transcripts by september 1,1987, to: cynthia b. duncan, university librarian, old dom inion university, norfolk, va 23529-0256. old dominion uni­ versity is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. head, science and engineering library, university of california, san diego. available immediately. rank: associate li­ brarian, salary: $29,340 to $42,264, or librarian, salary: $39,456 to $54,696. the science and engineering library’s services and col­ lection support instruction and research for six academic depart­ ments representing the fields of chemistry, physics, mathematics, com puter science, and programs in the division of engineering. the collection contains 146,000 volumes and 2,300 current serials; staff include 4 fte librarians, 8 fte support staff and 5 fte student assis­ tants. responsibilities: under the general direction of the assistant university librarian, sciences, incumbent plans, develops, man­ ages and evaluates the science and engineering library's collec­ tions, services operations and facilities; functions as primary liaison between the library and faculty of the six academic departments; chairs the library’s advisory committee. responsible for organiza­ tional and personnel planning for 17 fte staff. provides leadership in planning new library facility and services. takes active role in devel­ oping funding sources outside the library. provides reference and online search services and participates in collection development. ucsd librarians are expected to participate in librarywide planning activities and to be active professionally. qualifications: substantial library experience, preferably in an academic research library, with at least two years in a science library. demonstrated administrative skills and leadership ability, well-developed skills in written and oral communication, understanding of the scientific research process and ability to work effectively with faculty. knowledge of issues and trends relating to library automation and its implications for technical and public services. mls from an ala-accredited library school. de­ sirable: supervisory experience; academic background in science. an appointee to the librarian level is expected to bring to the position well-developed managerial skills and considerable expertise in sci­ ence librarianship. applications received by september 30, 1987, will be assured of consideration. submit a letter of application, en­ closing a resume and a list of references to: ellen lawson, adminis­ trative assistant for a cadem ic personnel, library, c-075-h1, uni­ versity of california, san diego, la jolla, ca 92093. ucsd is an affirmative action, equal o pportunity employer. head, serials deparment. supervision and administration of a departm ent of 9 fte with current expenditures in excess of $900,000. responsibilities include coordination of serials-related ac­ tivities with cataloging, acquisitions, binding, and public services de­ partments and participation in library automation planning. ala accredited mls and two years related experience required. salary $23,000 minimum, depending on qualifications and experience. twelve-month, tenure-track, tiaa/cref, 22 days annual leave, tui­ tion and other benefits. the university of arkansas, fayetteville, is a land-grant university and the major academ ic research institution in the state, offering a full range of undergraduate, graduate, and pro­ fessional degrees. situated in the ozark mountains, fayetteville (population 40,000) offers cultural and recreational opportunities as­ sociated with natural beauty and a university community. position available august 15,1987. applications accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbsrs of three references to: john a. harrison, di­ rector of libraries, u n iversity of a rkan sas, f ayetteville, ar 72701. the university of arkansas is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer; minority and female candidates are strongly encouraged to apply. head, s er ia ls u n it, technical services division, position (tenure-track) currently open. administers unit of 2 professionals and septem ber 1987 / 523 25 classified staff responsible for the cataloging, claiming, check-in, bindery preparation, marking, and database maintenance of serial titles and holdings and depository processing. functions as liaison with public service unit. will have major responsibilities in implement­ ing a local serials control system and implementing centralized seri­ als record management. a progressive record of professional schol­ a rly a c h ie v e m e n t is e x p e c te d of all lib ra ria n s . r e q uired : ala-accredited mls; 5 or more years experience in the processing and cataloging of serials (preferably on automated systems and wln); 3 or more years supervisory experience. preferred: experi­ ence in academic libraries and in the planning, development and use of automated cataloging, serials control, and database mainte­ nance system s. rank: l ib raria n 3; fa c u lty status. salary: $30,000-$35,000, commensurate with qualifications and experi­ ence. tiaa/cref, broad insurance programs. send letter of appli­ cation, resume and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, assistant director for administrative services, libraries, washing­ ton state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. applications must be postmarked no later than november 15,1987. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. indexer/reference librarian, the avery index to architec­ tural periodicals. the avery index to architectural periodicals, an op­ erating program of the getty art history information program at co­ lumbia university’s avery architectural and fine arts library, is seeking an indexer/reference librarian. the librarian will spend ap­ proximately three-quarters of his/her time indexing articles to be en­ tered in the avery index to architectural periodicals and the remain­ ing time will be spent in assisting readers with searches of the database at the reference desk. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are indexing, cataloging, and/or database searching experience and working knowledge of one or more european lan­ guages. knowledge of the field of architecture and architectural his­ tory is highly desirable. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. salary ra n ge s are: l ib ra ria n i: $ 2 3 ,0 0 0 -$ 2 9 ,9 0 0 ; l ib ra ria n ii: $ 2 5 ,0 0 0 -$ 3 3 ,7 5 0 . send resume, listing three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is september 21, 1987. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. information services librarian. the information services department of butler library, state university college at buffalo, is looking for a general reference librarian who will work scheduled hours at the public desk (including some night and weekend hours), perform database searches, participate in materials selection, and teach in the library instruction program. the person selected will also act as a liaison to one or more academic departments and par­ ticipate in library governance and in campus and professional activi­ ties. the position requires an mls degree from an ala-accredited library school and 1 to 3 years professional library experience, pref­ erably in public service in an academic library. background in the natural sciences or business or art is preferred. experience in refer­ two positions available in information and research support services arizona state university west campus library a rizona state university seeks two librarians to supplem ent the information and research support ser­ ices staffing of the west c am pus library. the role of these librarians, and of the 2.5 librarians already on e staff, is to support the teaching, learning and research activities of w est cam pus faculty and students rough inform ation retrieval, research consultation and instruction, and selection of library materials which upport the curriculum . in fulfilling these responsibilities, the librarians will develop and maintain awareness f the academ ic program s and coordinate library program s through com m unication with faculty. in ad d i­ on, the librarians will maintain an active program of professional developm ent and contribution and repre­ ent the library to university and com m unity constituencies. the w ork schedule includes up to two evenings er week and rotational w eekend hours. these positions report to the head of information and research upport services. the west cam pus, fou nd ed in 1984 as a branch of asu, offers upper division and graduate academ ic rogram s leading to baccalaureate and m aster’s degrees in arts & sciences, business, education, engi­ eering, nursing, public program s, and social work. a 300-acre cam pus in northwest phoenix is under onstruction and is expected to serve 10,000 students when com pleted. the library will occu p y the first uilding early in 1988. the west c am pus library, a division of the university libraries, em phasizes the developm ent of a urriculum -supportive collection supplem ented by access to external resources, optim um use of electronic formation, and client-centered staff services to assist students and faculty to use a new model library effec­ vely. an online catalog provides access to the collections of all asu libraries. r equired qualifications: a la -accredited mls or foreign equivalent; know ledge of electronic information nd its use in libraries; experience or academ ic coursew ork in use of research resources; excellent com ­ unications skills and aptitude for faculty liaison; subject strength in one or m ore of the disciplines repre­ ented in the west c am pus curriculum . (com patibility with subject strengths of other staff m em bers will be onsidered.) preferred qualifications: reference experience in a research environm ent; experience in use f online databases (e.g., brs, dialog); experience in selection of library materials. salary: d ependent on ualifications ($18,800 minimum). a pplication instructions: send letter of aplication (including statement of qualifications), current resume, nd names, addresses, and telephone num bers of 4 current references to: h elen l. g ater, d irector, su w est c am pus library, 4510 n. 37th a v e., phoenix, az 85109; (602) 27 9 -5 7 1 7 . deadline for pplications is s e p te m b e r 10, 1987. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. v th th s o ti s p s p n c b c in ti a m s c o q a a a 524 / c & r l n ew s ence and computer applications in libraries is highly desirable. fac­ ulty rank of assistant librarian or senior assistant librarian, depend­ ing on experience; salary range of $20,000-$22,000; 12-month, tenure-track position; competitive fringe benefits. send resume and the names and addresses of at least three references to: maryruth glogowski, associate director, e. h. butler library, state university college, 1300 elmwood avenue, buffalo, ny 14222. deadline: oc­ tober 2, 1987. state supported, urban, undergraduate institution. aa/eoe. pending budgetary approval. latin america bibliographer and social sciences reference librarian. this position is responsible for develop­ ment of a strong research collection of materials about latin america to meet the information needs of faculty, students and others in the columbia community. the incumbent will coordinate collection de­ velopment for latin america materials within the libraries and repre­ sent the libraries at appropriate research libraries group meet­ ings; act as liaison with the faculty; and assist in the management, preservation and evaluation of the collection. reference responsibili­ ties for social sciences students and faculty include advanced refer­ ence service; consultation by appointment; assistance in the use of information sources including a variety of printed and online materi­ als; orientation, bibliographic instruction and class lectures; prepara­ tion of publications; and database searching. requirements are: subject expertise and scholarly research experience equivalent to at least a master’s level in a social science or area studies program; ex­ cellent language skills in spanish and a reading knowledge of portu­ guese; intimate knowledge of the history and cultures of latin am er­ ica; ability to communicate effectively orally and in writing; and flexibility to work effectively and creatively in a complex environment. an accredited mls, collection development experience, additional foreign language skills, and a ph.d. in a relevant subject field are pre­ ferred. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. salary ranges are: librarian i: $23,000-529,900; librarian ii: $25,000-$33,750. send resume, listing three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of person­ nel, box 35 butler library, colum bia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is october 15, 1987. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. l ib r a r ia n /b ib l io g r a p h ic in s t r u c t o r for s c ie n ce/engineering. as a member of the bibliographic instruction department, is responsible for instruction (undergraduate and grad­ uate) and collection development in the sciences and engineering. general reference assistance and database searching are part of the position. in the past academ ic year, over 10,000 students were con­ tacted by the department; it plays an active role in curriculum devel­ opm ent across campus. qualifications: graduate degree from a rec­ ognized institution; master’s in library/lnformation science desired; undergraduate degree in science or engineering required but ad­ vanced coursework preferred; library experience preferred; teach­ ing experience desirable. salary $22,500-525,000 depending upon experience and qualifications. faculty status, tenure-track, twelve month contract. excellent fringe benefits. position available january 1, 1988, or earlier. letter of application, resume and names of at least three references must be received by september 30, 1987. contact: mary k. cary, chairperson, search committee, carlson li­ brary, the university of toledo, toledo, oh 43606. the university of toledo is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. library user education coordinator, reference librarian and computer searcher, owen science and engineering library. appointm ent begins february 1, 1988. re­ sponsible for coordinating user education within the library and with the main library. other duties include participation in user education, online searching, reference, collection development/liaison with specific departments. the owen science and engineering library is a modern 7 story building with a staff of 26, including 8 librarians; contains 400,000 volumes and 611,000 microforms. library has au­ tomated circulation, acquisitions and bibliographic systems. re­ quired: ala-accredited degree. preferred: experience in a scien c e /e n g in e e rin g /m e d ic a l lib ra ry a n d /o r s u b je c t b a c k g ro u n d ; computerized literature searching; user education. rank and salary commensurate with experience and qualifications, negotiable from beginning professional salary of $18,000. a progressive record of professional scholarly achievements will be necessary in the posi­ tion. tiaa/cref, broad insurance programs. send letter of applica­ tion, resume and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, assistant director for administrative services, libraries, w ashing­ ton state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. applications must be postmarked not later than october 8, 1987. washington state university is an equal opportunity land grant university and affirma­ tive action employer. m anuscripts librarian. under the direction of the head of the manuscripts, archives and special collections supervises the operations of the manuscripts program within the unit. responsibili­ ties include analyzing and maintaining the collections; selecting, training and supervising support staff; appraising, processing, ar­ ranging and cataloging collections; applying computer-based tech­ niques to the control of and access to collections; reference; prepar­ ing exhibits; grant proposals, development and public contact; physical maintenance and preservation of the collections. collection development responsibilities are shared with the head of the unit. tenure track position. full faculty status. a progressive record of pro­ fessional scholarly achievement is expected of all librarians. re­ quired: ala-accredited mls; manuscript/archival experience, in­ cluding familiarity with com puter applications to manuscript/archival processing and retrieval; communication skills. preferred: supervi­ sory experience; marc/amc formatting experience; knowledge of pacific northwest history; master’s degree in the social sciences or humanities; knowledge of historical research methods; visual ar­ chives (historical photographs) experience. rank: librarian 2. sal­ ary: commensurate with qualifications and experience. tiaa/cref, broad insurance programs, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year sick leave. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: donna l. mccool, assistant director for a d ­ ministrative services, w ashington state university libraries, pull­ man, wa 99164-5610. application deadline is october 15, 1987. wsu is an eo/aa educator and employer. protected group mem­ bers are encouraged to apply and to identify their status. microforms librarian and a ssistan t head of gov­ e r n m e n t p u b l ic a t io n s a nd m ic r o f o r m s d e p a r t ­ ment. search reopened. reports to the head of the government publications and microforms department; responsible for public ser­ vice, organization, and supervision of the microforms collection in the main library; serves as a resource person for microforms refer­ ence questions, liaison with bibliographers in collection develop­ ment and provides bibliographic instruction for microforms. pro­ v id e s s u b s ta n tia l re fe re n c e s e rv ic e fo r both g o v e rn m e n t publications and microforms. as assistant department head, is re­ sponsible for coordination of the public services and educational ser­ vices programs of the department; the coordination of the govern­ ment publications and microform reference collection; assists in the planning, implementing and evaluation of programs and projects for the department, including future automation for the government publications collection. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; sub­ stantial experience with the organization and management of a mi­ croforms collection; demonstrated management skills and com m it­ m e n t to q u a lity p u b lic s e rv ic e s p ro g ra m s ; d e m o n s tra te d bibliographic instructional skills; database skills; excellent written, verbal, and strong analytical skills; ability to work effectively with li­ brary users and staff; evidence of university services, research, or participation in professional associations. desirable: automation ex­ pertise; advanced degree in social sciences. the salary range is $29,340-$45,048. to apply: send letter of application with 1) a com ­ plete statement of qualifications; 2) resume of education and relevant experience; 3) names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references. letters should be addressed to: anne rimmer, aul for personnel services, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, c a 92713; telephone (714) 856-7115. applications re­ ceived by october 1 ,1987, will receive first consideration but appli­ cations will be accepted until the position is filled. an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. preservation intern. this is a tem porary nine-month position funded by a grant from the mellon foundation to support research library preservation programs nationally. four other institutions have also received preservation intern grants from the mellon foundation: library of congress, new york public library, stanford university libraries, and yale university libraries. the intern will report to the head of the preservation department and, after orientation, will be assigned to one or more departmental libraries. every effort will be made to assign the intern to subject areas of individual interest. the primary responsibilities will involve surveying the condition of spe­ cific collections, monitoring environmental conditions, assessing current preservation procedures and determining needs in order to design a practical preservation program, and preparing a proposal for the funding of any identified special needs. the intern will have septem ber 1987 / 525 the opportunity to participate in planning sessions, policy discus­ sions, and other library-wide preservation activities. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are knowledge of preservation prac­ tices and conservation procedures and techniques, as demon­ strated through previous relevant experience and/or successful completion of a formal program in the preservation of research li­ brary materials. this position is available on or about october 1, 1987. the monthly salary is $1,917. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. send resume, listing three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, di­ rector of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applica­ tions is september 30, 1987. an affirmative action, equal opportu­ nity employer. project coordinator/indexer. the immigration history research center, a research facility and special collection dedicated to the study of american immigrant and ethnic groups from eastern, central, and southern europe and the near east, seeks a qualified individual to coordinate the svoboda index project. this project is a joint venture of the ihrc and the ukrainian national association to publish a retrospective index to the ukrainian american newspaper svoboda. duties: selecting terms from newspaper for index; super­ vising computer data entry of index terms; coordinating index publi­ cation production; proofreading and editing; preparing budget and status reports; assisting in project publicity efforts. qualifications: re­ quired: ba; fluency in written ukrainian and english. highly desired: professional indexing experience (related library cataloging experi­ ence may be considered). desired: master’s degree in history, slavic studies, or library science; knowledge of ukrainian and/or ukrainian american history; publication editing and production ex­ perience; word processing background; supervisory experience; self-motivation and problem solving ability. salary: negotiable; $20,000 minimum. appointment term: one year, with possibility of renewal depending upon funding; available immediately. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and phone numbers of three references by october 30, 1987 to: joel wurl, svoboda search chair, immigration history research cen­ ter, 826 berry street, st. paul, mn 55114. the university of minne­ sota is an equal opportunity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. psychology/sociology reference librarian, associ ate librarian ii. (search re-opened.) university of maryland college park libraries. the university of maryland college park libraries in­ vites nominations and applications for a reference librarian/psy chology, sociology. responsibilities: provides general reference as­ sistance; provides in-depth subject consultation in assigned areas including psychology and sociology; offers instruction in the use of library resources to individuals and groups; searches machine readable databases; maintains communication with faculty; con­ ducts special reference projects; selects library materials and per­ forms other collection responsibilities. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited program. one year professional library ex­ perience; demonstrated ability in effective oral and written communi­ cation; reference experience; strong public service orientation; and demonstrated familiarity with the information resources for psychol­ ogy and sociology; experience with online database searching. pre­ ferred: experience in selecting library materials in the above fields; experience in teaching or library instruction. salary: $21,964 mini­ mum. salary commensurate with experience. excellent fringe bene­ fits. for full consideration, submit resume and names/addresses of 3 references by september 30,1987, to: virginia sojdehei, personnel librarian, mckeldin library, university of maryland, college park, md 20742. the university of maryland is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. rare books and special collections librarian. search extended. under the direction of the head of the manu­ scripts, archives and special collections unit this position supervises director of libraries emory university em ory university is seeking outstanding candidates for the position of director of libraries, with adm inis­ trative responsibility for libraries serving emory college, the g raduate school of arts and sciences, and the school of business adm inistration. on the one hand, through a com bination of professional education and/ or experience, candidates m ust have a dem onstrated capability to handle the diverse adm inistrative and technical responsibilities of the library, including collection developm ent, automation, preservation, public and technical services, instructional support, budget, and personnel m anagem ent. on the other, it is equally im portant that candidates give evidence of a deep and em pathetic understanding of scholars’ ex­ pectations of the library, m astery of the skills of com m unication, leadership, and the ability to conceive of and plan for the library of the future. in short, emory regards this to be a key adm inistrative position which, through shaping the library and its relationship to the faculty and students, will play an essential role in e m ory’s further developm ent as an institution nationally recognized for excellence in research as well as teaching. e m ory’s libraries presently contain 2,000,000 volumes, and serve approxim ately 8,000 students and 1,000 faculty, the faculty and students of the arts and sciences being the principal clientele of the general libraries. pertinent organizational m em berships and affiliations include rlg, oclc, solinet and arl. send applications, nom inations and inquiries to: billy e. frye vice president fo r research chair, library search c om m ittee 305 a dm inistration building em ory u niversity a tlan ta, ga 30322 the com m ittee will accept applications at any time, but expects to begin reviewing dossiers by o ctober 1,1987, and therefore encourages early application. we expect to make an appointm ent by sum m er 1988. salary com petitive, from $70,000 depending on experience and qualifications. emory university is an equal opportunity employer. 526 / c &r l n ew s the programs relating to rare books and special collections. respon­ sibilities include: cataloging and processing printed materials; main­ taining and preserving the collections; maintaining special access tools; reference; exhibits; grant proposals, development and donor contact. collection development responsibilities are shared with the head of the unit. tenure track position. full faculty status. a progres­ sive record of professional scholarly achievement is expected of all librarians. required: ala-accredited mls, cataloging experience in a variety of subject areas, including use of aacr2 and marc tag­ ging, effective written and oral communication. preferred: academic library experience; supervisory experience; knowledge of at least one modern european language; second subject master’s in the hu­ manities or social sciences; familiarity with preservation techniques. rank: librarian 2. salary: commensurate with experience and quali­ fications. tiaa/cref, broad insurance programs, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year sick leave. send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, assistant director for a dm inistrative services, w ashington s tate u n iversity li­ braries, pullman, wa 99164-5610. deadline for applications is octo­ ber 15, 1987. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference and information services librarian. po sition will have primary responsibility for searching online biblio­ graphic, numeric and full text databases, analyzing user requests, instructing users in end-user searching, as well as reference service and bibliographic instruction. applicants must hold a master’s in li­ brary or inform ation science from an a la -accredited graduate school and have a minimum of 3 years experience in online search­ ing, especially brs and dialog. preference given to academic expe­ rience. demonstrated evidence of commitment to research and scholarship and professional involvement are expected. a second master’s or other, additional graduate degree is preferred. salary commensurate with experience, minimum $26,000. available sep­ tember 1987. this position is a full-time, tenure track appointment to be filled at the level of assistant professor. twenty-four days of an­ nual leave, eleven paid holidays and 12 days of sick leave each year. tiaa/cref or state retirement options. memphis state university is an equal o pportunity, affirm ative action university. applicants should send a letter of application and resume postmarked no later than 18 september 1987, to: john evans, head of reference, msu libraries, memphis s tate university, memphis, tn 38152. an equal opportunity university. reference/bibliographer, 2 positions, the university of mississippi. 1) reference/bibliographer for sciences, mathematics, and engineering. 2) reference/bibliographer for social sciences. responsibilities: general and specialized reference service; collec­ tion development, faculty liaison, and bibliographic instruction in as­ signed disciplines; and brs, dialog, and cd-rom searching in a reference department consisting of six librarians and two parapro­ fessionals. reports to head of the reference department. qualifica­ tions: ala-accredited mls required. an additional subject master’s or ph.d. is desirable. twelve month appointment, faculty status and expectations. minimum salary is $17,000. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references by septem­ ber 15, 1987, to: gail t. graves, head, reference department, wil­ liams library, university of mississippi, university, ms 38677. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian. coordinates reference activities and scheduling, provides over 20 hours of direct reference service (nights and weekends included), maintains and develops the refer­ ence collection, and participates in other services such as biblio­ graphic instruction as required. ability to work effectively with faculty and colleagues, strong service orientation, and good communica­ tion skills are essential. mls (ala-accredited), two years relevant ex­ perience required. second master’s degree desirable. the univer­ sity of evansville is a fully-accredited, private university located in a city of 135,000 in southwestern indiana. enrollment numbers 3,600 fulland part-time students. the recently completed library is auto­ mated with the notis system. salary: $19,000 minimum; 12 month contract, faculty rank. closing date for application october 15,1987, with position available immediately. send application, placement file and three letters of reference to: kathy bartelt, chair, reference li­ brarian search committee, university of evansville libraries, uni­ versity of evansville, 1800 lincoln avenue, evansville, in 47722. eoe. reference librarian. duties include: reference service, in­ cluding some night and weekend hours; computerized and manual literature searching; assisting with bibliographic instruction pro­ gram. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; experience or course work in online searching. starting salary to $17,500 depending on q u a lific a tio n s ; fa c u lty statu s, 12 m onth a n n u al c o n tra c t; 40 hours/week. send resume, transcripts, and three letters of reference to: debbie anderson-mosby, evans library, florida institute of t ech n o lo g y, 150 west university boulevard, melbourne, fl 32901-6988. reference librarian. full-time, 12-month, tenure earning fac­ ulty appointment to provide reference service to patrons. also partic­ ipate in collection development, database searching, and biblio­ g ra p h ic instruction. a la /m l s re q u ire d , as is d em on stra te d knowledge of online searching and use of oclc or similar utility for reference. occasional night and weekend reference required. de­ sired: second master’s degree and 2 years reference experience in academ ic library. salary from the base of $23,500. send resume with letter of application. have 3 current letters of recommendation sent by october 16, 1987, to: chair, reference librarian search committee, leonard h. axe library, pittsburg state university, pittsburg, ks 66762. pittsburg state university is an equal o pportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. reference librarians. montgomery college, a multi-campus comprehensive community college, has need for two reference li­ brarians to work on the rockville campus. duties include general reference service in all disciplines, bibliographic instruction, online database searching, faculty liaison and participation in materials se­ lection. additional assignments may include collection develop­ ment, periodicals, and special materials management. these are year round positions and have some evening and weekend hours. position requires an mls from an ala-accredited library school, strong communication skills, and relevant professional librarian ex­ perience, especially in collection development and reference. famil­ iarity with library automation, microcomputer applications and online searching systems also desired. salary range $26,395-$38,272, with a starting salary falling within the first half of the range depend­ ing on qualifications and experiences. excellent fringe benefits. to apply, send resume, with above position title noted, by september 18,1987, to: m ontgom ery college, personnel office, 900 hunger­ ford drive, rockville, md 20850. an eo/aa/title ix employer. science librarian, general libraries, emory university, at­ lanta, georgia. available: september 1, 1987. responsibilities: pro­ vide reference service including online searching to users of science collection; cooperative reference service for documents depart­ ment; and backup reference service for chemistry library. develop and implement bibliographic instruction programs in support of graduate and undergraduate science curricula. participate in devel­ opm ent and evaluation of science collection. minimum qualifica­ tions: ala-accredited mls or graduate information management degree required with relevant subject degree desirable. research, scientific or technical library reference experience desirable. a ppro­ priate equivalent combinations of education and/or experience will be considered. reading knowledge of one modern european lan­ guage required, preferably german or russian. knowledge of data­ base searching desirable. understanding of scholarly research methods and information needs. ability to communicate effectively; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships with all segments of the academic community. beginning rank: initial sal­ ary and rank dependent on qualifications and experience. 1987/88 begining salary for rank i: $18,000; rank ii: $21,500; rank iii: $27,000. application procedure: send letter, resume, and names of three references to: janet t. paulk, library personnel officer, w ood­ ruff library, emory university, atlanta, ga 30322. review of mate­ rials begins september 1,1987, and continues until an appointment is made. emory university is an equal o pportunity, affirm ative action employer. serials cataloger (head, serials section, cataloging depart­ ment). senior assistant librarian. 12-month tenure-track position. (minimum salary $29,640, plus any authorized salary increase for 1987/88.) reports to the head of the cataloging department. super­ vises and administers the serials cataloging section. responsible for the bibliographic records of the library’s serials collection in all of the library’s databases. requires ala-accredited mls degree and three years’ professional cataloging experience in an academic li­ brary. serials cataloging experience preferred. knowledge of and experience with oclc, aacr2, and lcsh is required. knowledge of and experience with clsi, innovacq, and other library automa­ tion systems is preferred. demonstrated written and oral com m uni­ septem ber 1987 / 527 cation skills required. a master’s degree in a subject field is required for tenure or promotion. letter of application, current resume, and three letters of reference should be sent to: david b. walch, dean of library services, robert e. kennedy library, california polytech­ nic state university, san luis obispo, ca 93407. deadline for ap­ plication is september 15, 1987. position available november 1, 1987. california polytechnic state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cal poly hires only individuals lawfully authorized to work in the united states. serials cataloger. in charge of the serials cataloging sec­ tion of the cataloging department. responsibilities include: original cataloging; developing policies and procedures for online process­ ing of serials on the notis system and supervising three fte sup­ port staff. as part of the cataloging department management team, is expected to participate in department-wide planning and policy­ making. ala-accredited mls and a thorough knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, lc subject headings and marc. must be able to communicate effectively. cataloging, serial and supervisory experi­ ence desirable; entry-level applicants will be considered. knowl­ edge of oclc or other bibliographic utility; notis, or other online integrated systems desirable. knowledge of personal computers de­ sirable. a second master’s is desirable and expected for tenure. sal­ ary range: $20,000-$24,000 for twelve months, depending on ex­ perience and qualifications. tenure eligible. tiaa/cref, blue cross/blue shield, or hmo. twenty-two days annual leave. send let­ ter of application, resume and the names of three current profes­ sional references by october 10, 1987, to: greg lubelski, head, cataloging department, ablah library, box 68, the wichita state university, wichita, ks 67208. finalists will be invited for an expense-paid interview. the wichita state university is an urban in­ stitution with an enrollment of 17,000. librarians at wsu have faculty rank, privileges and responsibilities. the wichita state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. special collections librarian, kenyon college duties: develop, manage, and maintain resources and services of special collections and archives, consisting of rare books, manuscripts, print and typography collections, etc.; develop, preserve, and expand current holdings; acquire, evaluate and prepare materials; originate exhibitions and instructional programs; supervise support staff; per­ form general library duties. position reports to director of libraries. qualifications: mls from ala–accredited program, three to five years special collections experience, knowledge of descriptive cata­ loging required; advanced subject degree (e.g., history, literature, art history), and knowledge of languages highly desirable. salary competitive. send application, resume, and supporting materials to: interim director of libraries, olin/chalmers libraries, kenyon col­ lege, gambier oh 43022, before december 1, 1987. initial inter­ views at ala midwinter conference. kenyon college, an equal op­ portunity employer, is an undergraduate liberal arts college enrolling 1,500 students, located in rural central ohio. late job listings cataloger/bibliographic control librarian, tenure track, fy. start 9/1/87. responsible for bibliographic and holdings information in online system. qualifications: required: ala/mls; two years cataloging experience using major bibliographic utility. preferred: second advanced degree; experience cataloging serials, av and western european languages. $22,000 minimum. for information, contact: montana state university libraries, bozeman, mt 59717-0022; (406) 994-3119. screening began july 27, 1987, and will continue until suitable applicant found. msu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. director of libraries, kenyon college. the director is the chief administrative officer of the olin and chalmers libraries, providing leadership in all aspects of these libraries’ central role in a liberal arts college. the olin library is the newest building on campus, and adjoins the older chalmers library. plans to automate the libraries are underway. the college seeks a director who will provide innovative direction for the libraries, and who will develop initiatives for enhancing the impact of their services. the director reports to the provost and is responsible for staff supervision and development and for the direction of planning, budgeting, acquisitions, cataloging, reader services, and bibliographic instruction. requirements: significant experience in library management; commitment to the concept of a liberal arts curriculum; demonstrated ability to work with students, faculty, and staff in an academic environment. salary: $30,000-$50,000. position available july 1, 1988. send letter of application and resume and have 3 letters of reference sent to: perry lentz, department of english, kenyon college, gambier, oh 43022. deadline: october 31, 1987, or until position is filled. applications are currently being considered. kenyon is an equal opportunity employer. education librarian. available september 21, 1987. responsible for curriculum laboratory, collection development and database searching in education, and some general reference. qualifications: ala/mls; three years relevant professional experience; second master’s degree in education desirable. $22,000 minimum for 12-month contract with excellent benefits. review of applications began september 1, and will continue until position is filled. apply with full resume and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 528 / c & r l n ew s three references to: ted otto, assistant librarian for public services, university library, ms #84, eastern washington university, cheney, wa 99004. an eeo/aa employer. four positions. 1) resource development librarian, social science (search extended). responsible for all collection development activities in the social sciences (economics, education, political science, psychology, sociology, anthropology, geography, and business), including selection of materials, evaluation of collections, and intensive collection evaluation in specific areas. monitors related funds. monitors and refines related approval plan profiles. works closely with academic faculty in collection building. participates in formulation of collection development and departmental policies and procedures. supervises one support staff employee. qualifications: ala mls. minimum of two years professional (post-mls) experience, preferably in an academic library. academic background in social sciences required; second master’s in social science discipline preferred. knowledge of at least one foreign language, french or german desirable. knowledge of oclc and major print and online bibliographic tools. salary: negotiable; minimum $21,000 for 10.5 months, minimum $22,000 with second master’s. 2) reference librarian, microtext department (entry level). provides comprehensive reference assistance from the microtext department collection of 3 million microforms. prepares bibliographies and guides to the literature for use in staff training and classroom instruction. assists with bibliographic instruction, computerized reference services, cd–rom search services, microtext collection development, and with training and supervision of four support staff. assumes responsibility for departmental operation in absence of the department head, including six weeks each summer. qualifications: ala mls. pre–professional experience with microtext materials and with online systems of bibliographic data retrieval desirable. salary: $19,000 for 10.5 months, $20,000 with second master’s. 3) reference librarian, science and technology (2 positions available, entry level). provides comprehensive reference assistance with emphasis on the sciences from a centralized reference collection. prepares bibliographies and guides to the literature for use in staff training and classroom instruction. assists with bibliographic instruction, computerized reference services, and cd-rom search services. serves as one of seven reference division resource librarians in the sciences. responsible for reference collection development in assigned areas. qualifications: ala mls. academic background in the sciences required, preferably in physical or life sciences for one position and in agriculture or life sciences for the other. second mr–ster’s degree in science–related field or two years of pre-professional library experience preferred. experience with online systems of bibliographic data retrieval desirable. salary: $19,000 for 10.5 months; $20,000 with second master’s. benefits: competitive benefits package. no state income tax. faculty rank. closing date for all four positions: to ensure full consideration, applications should be received by september 30, 1987. for complete descriptions of duties, qualifications, and benefits, and to apply, contact: anna janne, acting head, personnel operations, evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843-5000; (409) 845-8111. aa/eeo employer. head, interlibrary services, assistant, associate, or librarian. under general direction of associate dean for public services, responsible for retrieval of materials, campus delivery and lending to other libraries; supervision of photocopy office services and administering the interlibrary services department; for coordinating workflow of unit; has primary responsibility for selection, training, and evaluation of library faculty and support staff of department; coordinates work of department with other library units and other libraries in iu system; leads in implementation of new technologies in department. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library school; post–mls successful professional academic library experience; supervisory experience; public services experience; oclc experience and other experience with technology applications strongly preferred; demonstrated ability to plan library programs and work with others to attain objectives; demonstrated ability to communicate logically, clearly, and effectively orally and in writing; ability to work well independently and with others; interlibrary loan experience preferred. ability to meet responsibilities and requirements of faculty status in tenure–track appointment. salary dependent upon qualifications and experience. salary floors will be observed: assistant librarian, $20,470; associate librarian, $25,650; librarian, $31,350. fringe benefits include vacation of 22 working days; liberal sick leave; blue cross/blue shield; major medical and dental insurance; group life insurance; tiaa/cref retirement/annuity plan. librarians are eligible for sabbatical leave and other research support. to apply, send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of 4 references to: b.j. irvine, acting personnel officer, indiana university libraries, bloomington, in 47405; (812) 335-3403. available date: october 1, 1987. closing date for applications: no earlier than september 15, 1987. eeo/aae. islamic studies librarian, university of california, santa barbara. catalogs islamic materials; advises acquisitions and serials departments about vendors and publishers; assesses, manages and develops the library’s islamic collection; manages an allocated acquisitions budget; establishes and maintains liaison with faculty; provides reference service in islamic studies. requires mls and academic training in arabic/islamic studies, proficiency in arabic; experience in cataloging and collection management. appointment at assistant/associate librarian level; salary range is $24,012-$42,264. open until filled. send resume to: margaret deacon, associate university librarian-personnel, university of california, santa barbara, ca 93106. ucsb is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. proof of u.s. citizenship or eligibility for u.s. employment will be required prior to employment (immigration reform and control act of 1986). media services librarian, rollins college, winter park, florida. manage the media services unit of the library, develop plans for integration of media services into the library, the curriculum and the college community and assist with other library public services functions as assigned. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. knowledge of the broad range of media formats and audio and visual equipment and systems. excellent administrative, communication and interpersonal skills. minimum three years library media experience, preferably in an academic setting. some reference experience desired. salary for 12 months: $22,000 or higher based on qualifications and on appointment at the assistant or associate professor rank. available: october 1987. screening begins: september 30, 1987. send application and three (3) letters of recommendation to: chair, media services librarian search committee, campus box 2744, olin library, rollins college, winter park, fl 32792. two cataloging positions. 1) serials/scores/nonprint media cataloger and materials processing supervisor; 2) monographs/special projects cataloger. faculty rank and non-tenure track, 12 month appointment in a library using aacr2, lcc, and lcsh. position 1 requires 3-5 years’ experience. salary from $25,000. position 2 desires 1-3 years* experience. salary from $22,000. both positions require ala master’s degree. job descriptions and application process available from: trisha long, administrative secretary, furman university library, greenville, sc 29613; (803) 294-2191. applications will be accepted until positions are filled, but should be received before october 2, 1987, to receive full consideration. an equal opportunity employer. acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 216 / c&rl news the icsesaflds dia d eadlines: o rders fo r regular classified advertisem ents m ust reach the a c r l office on or before the second of the m onth p receding p ublication of the issue (e.g., s eptem ber 2 fo r the o cto ber issue). s hould this date fall on a w eekend or holiday, ads w ill be a ccepted on the next business day. late job listings w ill be a ccepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: c lassified advertisem ents are $8.45 pe r line for institutions tha t are a c r l m em bers, $10.45 fo r others. late jo b notices are $20.25 per line fo r institutions tha t are a c rl m em bers, $24.25 fo r others. o rg anizations subm itting ads w ill be charged according to the ir m em bership status. d is­ play ad rates range from $375 to $710 based upon size. please call for sizes and rates. g uidelines: for ads tha t list an application deadline, we suggest tha t date be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in w hich the notice appears (e.g., o cto ber 20 fo r the o ctober issue). all job an nouncem ents should include a salary range p e r policy of the a m erican library a ssociation (ala). job a n nouncem ents will be edited to exclude discrim inatory references. applicants should be aw are that the term s faculty ra nk and status vary in m eaning am ong institutions. internet: c &rl n ew s classified ads are accessible on a c r l 's ho m epa ge on the w orld w ide w eb at http:// w w w .ala.o rg/a crl.htm l. ads w ill be placed ap proxim ately 2-3 w eeks before the printed edition of c & r l n ew s is published. t o reach c&rl n ew sn et access the a c r l hom epage (http://w w w .ala.org/acrl.htm l), select c & r l news, and then chose the menu item job p ostings by job title. c ontact: jack helbig, classified advertising manager, c&rl n ew sc lassified advertising department, acrl, a m eri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611 2795; (312) 280-2513; fax: (312) 280-7663 or (312) 280-2520; e-mail: jhelbig@ ala.org. policy: ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through a la publications o r placem ent services com ply with a la an ti-discrim ination policies. policy 54.3 states tha t “ala is c om m itted to equality of op portunity fo r all library e m ploy­ ees o r applicants fo r em ploym ent, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life­ style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala ser­ vices, the organization agrees to com ply with this policy. books for sale internet discount professional book center 40 per­ cent off list price. 1000’s of new/current books. all subjects. no second hand/remainders, http://www.probooks.com. book liquidation. 23,000 books, 15,000± titles. new/current from hundreds of publishers. 1994-1996 publication dates. dis­ counts from 50% to 80%. all or select partial collection. anthropol ogy-zoology. strong in psychology and social sciences. moving, need space, free airfare/hotel for significant purchases. phone: (703) 519-3909. residency programs university of minnesota libraries affirmative ac ­ tion residency. the university of minnesota libraries, twin cities campus, has a strong commitment to affirmative action and offers an affirmative action residency program to increase the science/reference librarian 0 under the direction of head of reference, the science/reference librarian partici­ pates in general and specialized reference service, and conducts online searching and general and specialized library instruc­ tion. duties include assisting users with electronic and print information retrieval, and developing library instructional publi­ cations in various form ats, including html. will also serve as faculty liaison with departments of math and computer science, physics, biology, engineering, geography, environmental sciences and chemistry. desk duties are rotated evening and/or weekends, covering 10 to 18 hours o f a 37.5 hour, five-day workweek. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or fesernational/historical equivalent. reference amd library instruction experience in the sci­ ences is required. strong interpersonal and com m unication skills are needed. experience with online search (lexis-nexis, dialog, www), internet resources, cd ftetn databases and automated library sys­ tem s is required, as well as the ability to work flexibly and creatively in a changing environ­ ment. rank and salary depending on expe­ dience and qualifications. salary range $30,000-$37,500 with an initial appointment of a renewable 12-month contract. this is faculty staff union/mta/nea peer reviewed position. send cover letter, vitae, and names and addresses of three reference to daniel ortiz, associate director of libraries, healey library, university of mass­ achusetts boston, 100 morrissey blvd., boston, ma 02125-3393. e-mail daniei@delphiniis.lib.umb.edu or fax at 617-287-5950. application closing date is april 15, 1997. an affirmative action, equal opportunity, title ix employer. u mass ioston umber of minority librarians in academic research libraries. this ontinuing program is designed to attract recent graduates or librar­ ans who might now be working in public, special, or other libraries, to cademic research librarianship. the university of minnesota librar­ es will introduce the successful candidate to librarianship in a large, esearch-oriented environment. during the two-year program, the esident will work in rotations in public and technical services, work ith a mentor, and participate in professional development and eadership training. the resident may begin on or before july 15, 997. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program or its oreign equivalent (degree requirement must be fulfilled by august 1997). this program focuses on members of minority groups nderrepresented at the university of minnesota and in academic ibrarianship. these are black, american indian, asian, and hispanic en and women. this is a two-year academic position at the assis­ ant librarian rank, with a minimum salary of $28,000 plus excellent enefits and generous travel support. the university of minnesota, win cities campus, has an enrollment of 51,200 students, the niversity of minnesota libraries, twin cities campus, holds over ive million volumes and is a member of the association of research ibraries. applicants should send a letter of application discussing ackground, experience, and reasons for interest in the residency rogram; a resume; and names, addresses, and telephone numbers f at least three references to: linda debeau-melting, libraries n c i a i r r w l 1 f u l m t b t u f l b p o http://www.ala.org/acrl.html http://www.ala.org/acrl.html mailto:jhelbig@ala.org http://www.probooks.com mailto:daniel@delphinus.lib.umb.edu march 1997 / 217 human resources office, the university o f minnesota, 453 wilson library, 309 19th ave., s., minneapolis, mn 55455. applications must be postmarked by may 2 , 1997. please identify application with ul62. the university of minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, age, marital status, disability, public assistance status, veteran status, or sexual orientation. positions open acquisitions librarian. responsible for selection and acquisi­ tion of all library materials, assisted by one part-time paraprofes sional; works with catalog librarian and systems librarian/head of technical services to ensure smooth workflow of technical services; and carries public service duties, as well as faculty responsibilities. requirements: mls degree from an ala-accredited program; famil­ iarity with electronic library resources, including oclc and integrated systems (dra preferred). professional acquisitions experience de­ sirable. salary and benefits: salary dependent on experience. medi­ cal plan, tiaa/cref retirement, one month vacation, and 12-month contract included. contact: send letter of application, resume, names of three references, and unofficial transcripts to: jim parks, college librarian, p.o. box 150148, m illsaps college, jackson, ms 39210. e-mail inquiries to pat cox at coxpc@okra.millsaps.edu; phone: (601) 974-1070. more information about millsaps and its library at www.millsaps.edu. applications accepted until may 1 , 1997, for summer appointment. associate librarian for public services. responsible for coordinating reference, interlibrary loan, circulation, reserves, and other user services. participates in instruction. requirements: mls degree from an ala-accredited program, familiarity with electronic library resources and integrated systems (specifically dra, oclc, firstsearch, and other databases), and good people/organizational skills. professional experience in academic library public service temple university university librarian temple university seeks applications and nominations for the position of university librarian. the university librarian is the chief adm inistrative and academ ic officer of the university libraries, reports directly to the provost of the university, and is a member of the council of academ ic deans. t em ple university, a m em ber of the pennsylvania commonwealth system of higher education, enrolls 30,000 students in 14 schools and colleges. it is the major public research university in greater philadelphia, an area of more than 30 institutions of higher education. temple’s broad range of academic programs attracts students nationally and from over 107 countries outside of the u.s.a. the library system includes the main library, four departmental libraries, and five branch libraries extended over four campuses. the holdings of the library system include 1.5 million volumes as well as extensive holdings of maps, microfilms, government publications, archives, and computer databases, the libraries utilize considerable electronic resources, including a library-wide cd-rom network and are migrating to a new integrated library system within the next year. the libraries have an operating budget of $8.7 million, a professional staff of 46, and a support staff of 88. temple is a m em ber of arl, rlg and various regional consortia. for additional information about the university libraries, visit the web site at www.library.temple.edu/. candidates should have high-level management experience in a research library, an understanding and appreciation of the com plex research needs of a major university, and successful experience in integrating new information technologies into library services. c andidates should possess strong leadership skills and the ability to promote coop e ra tio n in a m ulti-cam pus and co nsortia setting, and exceptional skills in library m anagem ent, including collection development, strategic planning, fiscal management, and facilities planning. a master’s of library science or its equivalent from an accredited program is required; an additional advanced degree is desired. salary is com petitive and commensurate with experience and qualifications. review of applications will begin on april 1 5 , 1997. the position is available july 1, 1997. send letters of nomination or application, curriculum vitae, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references to: jam es w. england, p rovost, tem ple u niversity, b road street and m ontgom ery avenue, p h iladelphia, pa 19122. temple university is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer and strongly encourages women and minorities to apply. desirable. salary and benefits: salary dependent on experience. medical plan, tiaa/cref retirement, one month vacation, 12-month faculty contract included. contact: send letter of application, resume, names of three references, and unofficial transcripts to: jim parks, college librarian, p.o. box 150148, millsaps college, jackson, ms 39210; phone: (601) 974-1070. e-mail inquiries welcome: parksjf@okra.millsaps.edu. more information about millsaps college and its library is at www.millsaps.edu. applications accepted until may 1, 1997, for summer appointment. catalog librarian. responsible for cataloging all library mate­ rials, assisted by one paraprofessional; works with acquisitions librarian and systems librarian/head of technical services to ensure smooth workflow of technical services; and carries some public service duties, as well as faculty responsibilities. require­ ments: mls degree from an ala-accredited program; familiarity with electronic library resources, including oclc and integrated systems (dra preferred). professional cataloging experience desirable. sal­ ary and benefits: salary dependent on experience. medical plan, tiaa/cref retirement, one month vacation, and 12-month contract included. contact: send letter of application, resume, names of three references, and unofficial transcripts to: jim parks, college librarian, p.o. box 150148, m illsaps college, jackson, ms 39210. e-mail inquiries to pat cox at coxpc@okra.millsaps.edu; phone: (601) 974-1070. more information about millsaps college and its library is at www.millsaps.edu. applications accepted until may 1, 1997, for summer appointment. collection management librarian. the university of south carolina-spartanburg seeks a collection management librarian in a 12-month tenure-track, faculty position, reporting to the director of library services. the collection management librarian participates in all areas of library services, including reference, library instruction, and collection development. the primary responsibility is coordina­ tion of collection management and supervision of the supporting technical services activities in a dynamic service-oriented library. coordination with the centralized processing unit on the main campus is a major aspect. participation in faculty governance and related responsibilities is vital. required: mls or an equalivalent degree from http://www.library.temple.edu/ mailto:coxpc@okra.millsaps.edu http://www.millsaps.edu mailto:parksjf@okra.millsaps.edu http://www.millsaps.edu mailto:coxpc@okra.millsaps.edu http://www.millsaps.edu 218 / c&rl news c s u cleveland state university director university library cleveland state university invites applications and nominations for the position of director of the university library. the university seeks a dynamic and innovative leader who will provide vision and direction with regard to all aspects of library operation, including the coordination of traditional library materials and services with the expansion of new information technology resources. the director will report to the provost through the vice provost for information technology and academic innovation. minimum qualifications include an m.l.s. degree from an ala accredited program; successful administrative experience in an academic or research library; and sound knowledge of all aspects of academic li­ brary operations, including collection development and management and security, automated systems and services, bibliographic control and management, resource sharing, academic budgeting, fundraising, and grantsmanship. preferred qualifications include an advanced degree in an academic or professional discipline and substantial experience in the imple­ mentation of new electronic technologies in support of library services, including electronic reserves, cd-rom, internet resources, ohiolink, and similar consortia. the csu library is housed in a single, centrally-located facility. its collec­ tions contain over 600,000 volumes, with an acquisition philosophy based on “access to information”. cleveland state university is a large, public comprehensive urban university serving cleveland and the northeast ohio region and enrolling approximately 16,000 students in six academic colleges and a graduate college. cleveland is home to a rich array of public and academic library resources. the cleveland metropoli­ tan area approximates 2 million people and features a thriving business community, including 21 fortune 500 corporations, a growing “high tech” manufacturing sector, and a strong infrastructure in support of regional economic development. the greater cleveland area offers an outstanding quality of life, combining the cultural and other amenities of a large city with a wide choice of attractive communities in which to live. applicants are encouraged to submit a current resume, a statement of interest and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of five refer­ ences to: chair, library search committee, office of the provost and senior vice president, cleveland state university, e. 24th & euclid ave., cleveland, oh 44115. the search advisory committee will begin screening completed applications on march 1 , 1997; the position will remain open until it has been filled. salary is competitive. cleveland state university is an aa/eoe committed to nondiscrimination. m/f/d/v encouraged. an ala-accredited graduate program; collection development expe­ rience and technical services experience required. experience with automated systems (preferably notis), the internet, and emerging technologies, and two years professional experience in relevant areas, with supervisory responsibilities are required. salary competi­ tive. send letter of application, vita, and names and addresses of three references to: search committee-collection management li­ brarian, library, u n iv e rs ity o f s o u th c aro lin a -s p a rta n b u rg , spartanburg, sc 29303. nominations and applications accepted until filled. uscs is an eo/aa employer. computer services librarian. position: faculty rank, ten ure-track. i . d. weeks library, university of south dakota, seeks individual to serve as the library’s computer services librarian. responsible for coordination of planning, development, implementa­ tion, and management of the library’s local area network and other technological applications, including the recommendation of soft­ ware and hardware for the library’s systems. duties include: routine maintenance, monitoring lan performance, expanding the system, upgrading software and hardware, and training library staff, students, and faculty to effectively use electronic systems and services. 12month appointment. qualifications: minimum qualifications include ala-accredited mls; knowledge of microcomputers, operating sys­ tems, cd-rom lan technology; ability to work effectively with colleagues and diverse clientele; effective written and oral skills additional desirable qualifications include (1) second master’s de gree in a relevant subject field (will be required for tenure an promotion); (2) experience with installation and management o novell and optinet netware. salary: commensurate with rank an qualifications. application procedure: submit letter of application resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of thre references to: imre meszaros, director of libraries, i. d. week library, u n iv e rs ity o f south dakota, 414 e. clark st., vermillion, s 57069-2390. application deadline: review of applications will begi april 15, 1997, and will continue until position is filled. affirmativ action, equal opportunity employer. curator of collections. the buffalo bill historical cente seeks a curator of collections for the mccracken research library the mrl is one of five curatorial divisions of the historical center an supports institutional collecting and research goals as well as th needs of academic and public researchers. the housel curator o library collections is the administrative head of the mrl and shoul be familiar with the functions and goals of special libraries. respon sibilities include identifying and acquiring relevant collections, assur ing the highest level of archival handling and safekeeping of collec tions, fulfilling the reference and research needs of staff and qualifie patrons, assuring proper cataloging and processing and adherence t appropriate library procedures, supervision of staff and volunteer assigned to the library, and engaging in and encouraging scholarship candidates must have earned the mls from an ala-accredite program, or demonstrate the equivalent in training and experience and must be familiar with aacr2 and marc cataloging and wit major bibliographic databases and resources. an advanced degree i . ­ d f d , e s d n e r . d e f d ­ ­ ­ d o s . d ; h n salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for governmental agencies that employ librarians. the recom­ mendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommenda­ tions for minimum salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended minimums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 1 5, 1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey o f librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel re sources. connecticut $31,273 delaware $22,500+ illinois $27,400# indiana varies* iowa $24,533 louisiana $22,000 maine varies* massachusetts $27,554* new jersey $31,868 new york varies* north carolina $24,367+ ohio $25,198+ pennsylvania $26,400 rhode island $29,800 south carolina varies* south dakota $22,000 texas $26,000 vermont $26,464 west virginia $22,000 wisconsin $25,830 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a form ula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state associa­ tion for minimum salary information. +salary minimums for public librarians only. #option for local formula. march 1997 / 219 three positions virginia commonwealth university university library services virginia commonwealth university has created several new positions to assist in the continuing transformation of its library into a user-centered, technology-enhanced institution. advanced technologies librarian exercising vision and leadership, this newly established position will focus on the identification, planning, and initial implementation phases of projects. initial assignment will assist in implementing the vcu/ibm digital library, with subsequent projects to include statewide networking, internet-based computing, strategies for digitizing collections, and sim ilar efforts using leading-edge technologies. seeking a creative, self-directed individual with a record of achievem ent in system automation planning and implementation. requires ala-accredited mls o r a master’s degree in an information-related discipline, with several years of experience in library systems or a similar field. salary range: $35,000-$50,000. e-mail for information only to: phyllis self, head, tom pkins-m ccaw library at pself@ vcu.edu. librarian for instructional technology develops computer-assisted instructional tools for library and internet research at the university; teaches library and internet class sessions and workshops; serves on the reference desk. alaaccredited mls, o r a master’s degree from an accredited program in instructional technology, education, or com puter science. it is preferred that the candidate have experience in the development of computerassisted instruction modules and in using software tools for creating instructional and web-based courses. salary range: $31,000-$35,000. e-m ail for information only to: dan ream, head, instruction and outreach s ervices, at dream @ vcu.edu. collection management librarian for the sciences develops and m anages monograph, serial, nonprint, and electronic materials in the sciences. also coordinates selection of electronic resources, facilitating the identification, evaluation, and selection of electronic resources by the librarians on the collection m anagement team. ala-accredited mls required. preferred is an academic background in the sciences; two or more years experience developing collections and selecting electronic resources in a research library. salary range: $31,000-$35,000. e-mail for information only to: susanna bartmann pathak, head, collection m anagement services, at sbpathak@ gems.vcu.edu. virginia commonwealth university is a publicly supported urban, research university in richmond, virginia. it serves 22,000 students on both the academ ic campus and the medical college of virginia campus. vcu is a m em ber of the association for southeast research libraries, the center for research libraries, the national network of libraries of medicine, and the coalition for networked information. the library has 1.2 million volum es and a materials budget of $4.5 million. application: review of applications will begin april 15, 1997. submit resume and names and phone numbers of three references to: frank r. a lle n head, a d m in is tra tiv e s e rvice s u n iv e rs ity l ib ra ry s e rvice s v irg in ia c o m m o n w e a lth u n iv e rs ity 901 p ark a ve., b o x 842033 r ich m o n d , va 23284-2033 complete position descriptions and application instructions are available from the library’s homepage at http://exlibris.uls.vcu.edu/library/uls.htm l; further information about the campus may be found at http:/ /www.vcu.edu. virginia commonwealth university is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. minorities, women, and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. experience working in a culturally diverse environment highly preferred. mailto:pself@vcu.edu mailto:dream@vcu.edu mailto:sbpathak@gems.vcu.edu http://exlibris.uls.vcu.edu/library/uls.html http://www.vcu.edu 220 / c&rl news the humanities or evidence of scholarship, and familiarity with the history of the american west are desirable. salary and benefits are competitive. to apply, please send a letter of application with vita and three letters of reference by april 15, 1997, to: executive director, b uffalo bill h isto rica l center, 720 sheridan ave., cody, wy 82414. electronic resources cataloging librarian. w ash ington state university libraries. position available: currently va­ cant. with a solid knowledge of cataloging rules, exercise innovative thinking in approaching cataloging of new forms of information, including serials (print and electric), images, and networked informa­ tion. work with library and teaching/research faculty to bring about creative solutions to bibliographic access issues. perform liaison responsibilities with other technical services units, public services, and library systems to resolve problems and new technical chal­ lenges. participate in formulation of opac policies and decisions, including display issues. act as team leader for cataloging of serials and nontraditional materials, working with staff to plan and execute cataloging/access projects. reports to head, bibliographic control in the technical services division. qualifications: required: alaaccredited mls or its foreign equivalent; knowledge of aacr2r, library director university of w isco nsin-eau claire the university of w isconsin-eau claire, ranked am ong the m idw est’s best educational values by u.s. news and w orld report, is recruiting a library director. the director reports to the assistant chancellor for inform ation and t echnology m anagem ent and works with com puting, media, telecom m unications, and institutional planning units in the itm division. this annual appointm ent includes faculty rank and begins july 1 , 1997, or as soon the re after as possible. salary will be com m ensurate with qualifications. the d irector collaborates with university adm inistration, academ ic departm ent chairs, and faculty colleagues to plan and develop a collection of inform ation resources and services that support the university’s academ ic mission of a strong liberal arts and professional education in a distributed learning environm ent. a key elem ent of this collaboration is a form al planning process with departm ent chairs in the three colleges. the library director engages in cooperative planning at the uw system and state levels, participates on the uw -eau claire d istance education council, and will oversee the library’s m igration to its third online system . m c intyre library m aintains an active bibliographic instruction program and provides access to a wide array of electronic resources. a selective federal and state depository and a regional historical research center, the library has a collection of m ore than 573,000 volum es, 260,000 governm ent docum ents, 1,207,000 m icroform s, 1,800 current periodical subscriptions, and 3,000 cubic feet of archives and m anuscripts. the d irector supervises 12.5 professionals with faculty rank and status and 18.75 (fte) classified staff, is responsible fo r personnel, and adm inisters a budget of approxim ately $2.2 million. q u a lif ic a tio n s req uired : • a la -accredited mls; second advanced degree. • a m inim um of three years professional experience in an academ ic library. • progressively responsible library adm inistrative and m anagem ent experience. • dem onstrated record of planning and im plem enting innovative library services including technologi cal applications to support the curriculum . • o utstanding oral and written com m unication skills. q u a lif ic a tio n s co n s id e r e d assets: • ph.d. (generally required fo r rank of full professor). • k nowledge of em erging technologies and trends in higher education and the ir im pact on the nature of the academ ic library and the university learning com m unity of the future. • capacity for developing and sustaining effective relationships with adm inistrators, faculty, staff, and students. • experience in program and financial planning. • ability to serve as an advocate, spokesperson, and le ade r fo r the library’s educational mission at the cam pus, com m unity, state, and national level. • c om m itm ent to active support of the curriculum through a strong em phasis on service and an aw areness of the changing nature of know ledge and scholarship. • a record of scholarly and professional achievem ent ap propriate fo r tenure at uw -eau claire. (continued on next page) lchs, marc formats, guidelines under development for electronic resources; experience with computer applications in libraries, serials cataloging, and use of bibliographic utilities, preferably oclc; work­ ing knowledge of at least one foreign language. preferred: working knowledge of sgml, html, tei and visual basic programming language; strong communications and organizational skills and apti­ tude for complex, analytical work with attention to detail. salary: from $25,500, commensurate with qualifications and experience. rank: librarian 2; faculty status. other benefits: tiaa/cref; broad insur­ ance program; 22 days vacation, 12 days sick leave per year. application: send letter of application, resume, and names and complete mailing addresses of three references to: donna l. mccool, associate director for administrative services, library adm inistrative office, w a s h in g to n s tate u n iv e rs ity , p.o. box 645610, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application review begins april 15, 1997. w su l ib ra rie s ’ h o m e p a g e a d d re s s : h ttp :// www.wsulibs.wsu.edu. wsu is an eeo employer protected group members are encouraged to apply. electronic resources librarian. new m exico state u ni v e rs ity . description: provide general reference service with particuhttp://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu march 1997 / 221 lar emphasis placed upon the use of electronic resources; participate in all phases of reference, including evening and weekend rotation; offer instruction to library users; oversee the library’s web page; evaluate and select electronic products; liaison to library systems office; implement and maintain electronic services; and serve on library and university committees. qualifications: an mls degree from an ala-accredited program; strong public service orientation; extensive knowledge of computer hardware and software, including library applications (internet, cd-roms) and constructing web pages; demonstrated excellence in teaching and/or training; demonstrated interest in emerging technologies for reference services; excellent interpersonal communication skills; second master’s degree and fluency in spanish are desirable. (for additional information and application procedures, see listing for social science/outreach li­ brarian, below.) electronic resources/reference librarian. n orthern state u nive rsity is soliciting applications from dynamic and creative librarians for this position in the newly remodeled and enlarged williams library. responsibilities include the development and coor­ dination of access to electronic resources and the supervision of the library’s public service computing systems, and network services. experience with online library systems required. government docu­ ments experience an asset. available july 1, 1997. (for additional infomation and application procedures, see listing for technical services coordinator, below.) engineering/computer science librarian. san jose state university (sjsu). duties: provide general reference assistance to library users and specialized reference support to engineering and computer science students and faculty; select materials for assigned disciplines, including print, electronic, and internet resources; instruct individuals and classes on discipline-related information retrieval in all formats. required: ala-accredited mls or equivalent degree. experience with print and electronic information resources and ser­ vices and use of internet and microcomputers for information retrieval and management. strong grasp of current state of information tech­ nology. demonstrated understanding of information needs of stu­ dents and faculty in engineering and science. excellent oral and written communication skills. ability to work well in a busy environ­ ment, accept change, and be positive, flexible, and creative; maintain effective interpersonal relations with a widely varied public and staff; organize assignments, set priorities, and work with a minimum of (continued from previous page) the university: the university of w isconsin-eau claire, with an enrollm ent of 10,500 students, offers undergraduate and graduate program s in the colleges of arts and sciences, business, and professional studies (which includes the schools of education, hum an s ciences and services, and nursing). f o r the past two years u.s. news and w orld report ranked uwec am ong the top five most efficient regional universities in the m idw est and am ong the top 10 fo r value in relation to quality. uw ec supports cam pusw ide fiber optics, intrabuilding wiring, an innovative faculty and student technology training program , a student-com puter ratio of 11 to 1, and a recently expanded library facility with ethernet connectivity. known as w isconsin’s m ost beautiful cam pus, uw -eau claire spans both banks of the c hippew a river in the heart of w est central w isconsin’s largest city. with a population of 56,000, eau claire is 90 minutes east of m inneapolis/st. paul and is the com m ercial, educational, cultural, and medical c e n te ro f the region. additional inform ation about uw -eau claire and m cintyre library m ay be found on the w orld w ide w eb (http://w w w .uw ec.edu). send letter of nom ination or application, resume, and the nam es, addresses, and phone num bers of three references to: pat k le b ig o ffic e o f in fo rm a tio n & t e c h n o lo g y m a n a g e m e n t s c h o fie ld h all r oo m 208 u n iv e rs ity o f w is c o n s in -e a u c la ire eau c laire , w l 54701 nom inations and applications from under-represented groups are encouraged. the review of the candidates begins april 15,1997 , and continues until the position is filled. the search and screen com m ittee reserves the right to conduct telephone interviews with selected candidates. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. supervision and as a contributing team member. an awareness of and sensitivity to the educational goals and requirements of an ethnically and culturally diverse student population and of a metropolitan university. ability to work nights and weekends. preferred: under­ graduate coursework or library experience in engineering and/or computer science; background or experience in related scientific disciplines. experience in reference work, collection development, database searching, and library instruction. demonstrated ability to plan, design, and implement new procedures, projects, or services. sjsu is a major metropolitan university in silicon valley, with more than 26,000 fulland part-time students enrolled in baccalaureate, master’s degree, and professional credentials in more than 150 disciplines. salary and rank: a tenure-track position. a record of progressive professional and/or scholarly development is required for retention, tenure, and promotion. 12-month work plan, plus fringe benefits, at the senior assistant librarian rank beginning at $38,892. 10-month work plan available after one year service. consideration of applicants will begin on april 1 5 , 1997, and will proceed until position is filled. send cover letter; complete resume of academic preparation, experience, and qualifications; transcripts (unofficial transcripts are acceptable for initial application); names and addresses of five references. mail to: university librarian, c/o library personnel office, san jose state u niversity, one washington square, san jose ca 95192-0028; phone: (408) 924-2788. an aa/eeo employer. general reference librarian. the general reference li­ brarian, an entry level position, reports to the head of reference services and is responsible for providing reference assistance in a centralized reference section as well as formal and informal biblio­ graphic instruction. the successful candidate will assist in all areas of reference services, including interlibrary loan, bibliographic in­ struction, government documents, and microforms. the position demands outstanding bibliographic skills, the ability to communicate effectively with faculty, staff, and students, and includes line respon­ sibility for service at the reference desk during scheduled hours, including occasional nights, weekends, and holidays. qualifications: ala-accredited msls/mls required. knowledge of cd-rom data­ bases and database searching. strong commitment to public service. second master’s degree in an academic subject area highly desir­ able. one year of experience in a reference services area of an academic library desirable. appointment with faculty status, rank, and benefits. salary competitive. letter of application, resume, and the names of three references will be accepted through march 3 1 , 1997, http://www.uwec.edu 222 / c&rl news or until position is filled, and should be addressed to: charles w. triche iii, director of libraries, university libraries, u nive rsity o f s outhw estern louisiana, usl box 40199, lafayette, la 70504. the university of southwestern louisiana is an equal employment oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. general reference librarian. university of north texas. responsible for providing reference service to users in a dynamic reference environment. duties include assistance with print and electronic resources, library instruction, collection development, fac­ ulty liaison, training of staff, and participation in the evening and weekend rotation. reports to head of general reference services, willis library. required qualifications: mls/mis degree from an alaaccredited program; undergraduate or graduate degree in business administration, economics, or political science; good interpersonal and communication skills, oral and written; working knowledge of print and electronic resources in the social sciences, business, and the humanities; working knowledge of the internet and the world wide web. preferred qualifications: one or two years experience in an academic reference department, library instruction experience, a graduate degree in business or the social sciences. rank: librarian i or ii; 12-month renewable appointment; minimum salary $26,000; standard benefits. screening of applicants will begin april 4, 1997, and continue until position is filled. applicants should submit a letter of interest, vita, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers head, continuations cataloging section ucla library under the general supervision of the head of url cataloging, m anages the continuations cataloging section, including ongoing review and revision of policies and procedures in a highly autom ated and changing environm ent, and perform s serials cataloging according to the standards outlined above. in addition to the head, the section is staffed by two fte librarians and tw o fte staff. has personal responsibility for the selection, supervision, and evaluation of the m em bers of the continuations cataloging section. serves as a liaison with other library units, especially the serials departm ent. c onsults with other cataloging agencies on serials issues and explores opportunities fo r increased coordination and cooperation. coordinates the section’s co nse r and naco operations and partici­ pates in cataloging meetings and standards setting on a national level. keeps apprised of developm ents and provides leadership, locally and nationally, in developing policies and standards for providing access to both print-based and electronic serials. participates actively as a m em ber of the cataloging d epartm ent’s m anagem ent team and advises the departm ent head on serials issues. requires dem onstrated managerial, planning, leadership, com m unication, and interpersonal skills and experience in an academ ic or research library. a bility to w ork with a variety of foreign languages, with reading knowledge of at least two. direct knowledge of and experience with usm arc form ats fo r serials, including at le a s t five years cataloging experience in an autom ated environm ent, three of w hich must be cataloging serials. t horough knowledge of aa cr 2 and the library of c ongress rule interpretations. experience with the library of congress subject h eadings and classification. experience with a bibliographic utility, preferably oclc. k nowledge of program for c ooperative cataloging standards, especially conser. salary range: $37,932-$54,636. a nyone wishing to be considered for this position should write to: r ita a. s c h e rre i a s s o c ia te u n iv e rs ity l ib ra ria n fo r p e rs o n n e l a n d a d m in is tra tiv e s e rv ic e s u n iv e rs ity r e se a rch l ib ra ry u c la 11334 url, b o x 951575 l o s a n g e le s , c a 90095-1575 the application letter should include a com plete statem ent of qualifications, a full resum e of education and relevant experience, and the nam es of at least three persons who are knowledgeable about the applicant’s qualifications fo r this position. candidates applying by march 31, 1997, will be given first consideration. of at least three professional references to: martha tarlton, chair, reference search committee, administrative offices, university libraries, u n ive rsity o f n orth texas, p.o. box 5188, denton, tx 76203-0188. unt is an eeo/aa employer. women, minorities, and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. head, cataloging department. (search reopened.) tulane university library. reporting to the assistant university librarian for technical services, the head of cataloging leads and manages a department comprised of six librarians and 12 support staff in organiz­ ing and providing access to the library’s resources, including materi als in print and electronic formats, microformats, and multimedia (both monographs and serials). responsibilities: management re­ sponsibilities include overseeing the daily operation of the depart­ ment to ensure that all cataloging activities are accomplished in a timely and cost-effective manner; setting goals, providing direction, and communicating priorities; establishing and revising, as needed, departmental policies and procedures; overseeing the supervision, timely evaluation, training, and continued development of staff; assessing resource needs, coordinating departmental activities, and providing for their evaluation; continually examining and adjusting cataloging objectives in relation to library policies in light of changing circumstances; encouraging continuing education and creating an environment supportive of high performance; exploring innovative use of technology; planning, preparing, and analyzing reports and march 1997 / 223 head of technical services thomas j. watson library the metropolitan museum of art the thomas j. w atson library invites applica­ tions for the position of head of technical ser­ vices. this position is responsible for planning, organizing, and coordinating all activities of the technical services department, including ac­ quisitions and monograph and serials catalog­ ing. the head of technical services has direct responsibility fo r the daily operations of all tech­ nical services functions, including: monitoring w o rk flow, establishing cataloging priorities and assignments, setting policies and procedures, and ensuring training of nine librarians and ten fte support staff. w atson library uses the serials control, acquisitions, and cataloging modules provided by innovative interfaces, and has been cataloging in rlin since 1980. this position reports to the chief librarian. qualifications: mls with a minimum of six years of progressively responsible technical services experience in a research library. dem­ onstrated leadership, management, and human resources skills. detailed knowledge of current cataloging practices, including aacr2, lc sub­ ject headings, usmarc formats, and authority control. experience with rlin and an integrated library system is essential. additional experi­ ence with oclc is highly desirable. awareness of current issues and trends in technical ser­ vices management and library technology. work­ ing knowledge of two foreign languages. art library experience or a background in fine arts is preferred. please mail letter of application and resume to: the m e tro p o lita n m useum o f a rt d ep artm en t o f hum an r eso urce s mw 1000 f ifth ave. new y ork, ny 10028 statistics; participating in librarywide planning committees and task forces; assuming other duties and responsibilities as assigned. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; minimum of four years cataloging experience in an academic or research library. supervisory experience (minimum two years) in an academic or research library, including experience managing a cataloging or database management unit or project; direct experience with marc formats, aacr2, library of congress classification and subject headings, and a major national bibliographic utility; solid understand­ ing of and commitment to cataloging standards and guidelines, authority control, and the maintenance of high-quality data in an automated environment; demonstrated ability to engage staff in the process of change; demonstrated analytical and organizational skills; flexibility to manage a broad variety of tasks with varying time pressures and changing priorities; excellent interpersonal and com­ munication skills; experience with an integrated library automated system; demonstrated ability to work with diverse staff at all levels. preferred: ability to provide leadership in a computer-intensive envihead, training and educational services university libraries university of cincinnati the university of cincinnati is seeking a librarian for the head of its t raining and educational ser­ vices department.this is a 12-month faculty (aaup) position with a minimum salary of $34,000. position reports to the dean and university li­ brarian and is responsible for a staff of six. strong benefits package, which includes tuition remis­ sion for self and immediate family. minimum qualifications: m a/m s from alaaccredited program, five years public service in academic library; three years professional expe­ rience in library-related instruction; supervisory experience, including oversight of professionals; direct experience with computer applications and library instruction such as hypertext, authoring systems, cai, web design and development. for full announcement, visit our web site at: h ttp ://w w w .lib ra rie s .u c .e d u p ho ne : (513) 556-1599 primary consideration will be given to those appli­ cations received by a p r il 4 , 1 9 9 7 . the university o f cincinnati is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. ronment; experience with technical services operations in a net­ worked environment; participation in professional activities, prefer­ ably at than national level; experience cataloging serials; experience with national cooperative cataloging programs; ability to work with a variety of modern european languages. salary/benefits: rank and salary commensurate with experience, minimum $47,000; excellent benefits, choice of health plans, immediate tuition waiver for self, and undergraduate tuition waiver for dependents. to apply: send letter, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references, including immediate supervisor, to: melonie hughes, administrative associate, howard-tilton memorial library, tulane u niversity, new orleans, la 70118. review of applications will begin march 14, 1997, and continue until the position is filled. tulane university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head librarian. the historic new orleans collection. privately endowed williams research center in french quarter. library, manuscripts, and visual holdings support interdisciplinary postgradu­ ate research. head librarian directs library and coordinates acquisi­ tions, cataloging, and technical services with archivists, curators, registrars, and systems specialists. builds collection. specialized reference. oclc and quixis. required: mls or equivalent; progres­ sive administrative experience; history graduate work; reference and collection development experience; teamwork; good communication skills. french/spanish a plus. send c.v., letter, and three references to: librarian search, h istoric new orleans collection, 533 royal st., new orleans, la 70130-2179. in s t r u c t io n a l s e r v ic e s /r e f e r e n c e l ib r a r ia n . monmouth university, located a short distance from the atlantic ocean on an attractive 138-acre campus in west long branch, new jersey, seeks a creative, service-oriented instructional services/ reference librarian. currently monmouth university is in a period of expansion, with approximately 5,100 students. the guggenheim library serves the needs of the undergraduate and graduate pro grams with a collection of over 205,000 book volumes, over 35,000 http://www.libraries.uc.edu 224 / c&rl news five tenure-track librarian positions california state university, fullerton public services reference librarian/coordinatorfor bibliographic instruction coordinates, participates in, and evaluates dynam ic bibliographic instruction program , including coordination of scheduling of instructional se ssio n s fo r csuf classes and csu f-affiliated groups. may train other librarians involved in b l. creates or coordinates the production and m aintenance of various teaching m aterials, library guides, and handouts. participates in the provision of reference services to csu f students, faculty, and staff, and other library users. participates in com puter-assisted reference service, and in preparation and updating of m aterials m ade available on the internet. serves as subject specialist and bibliographer for selected areas. requirem ent: at least two years postgraduate profes­ sional experience in reference and bl, preferably in an academ ic library. reference librarian/sciences specialist develops program s, services, collections, and instructional m aterials directly supporting learning in the sciences, technology, and engineering. s erves as subject specialist and bibliographer for selected academ ic departm ents. provides both general and specialized reference services to csu f students, faculty, and staff, and other library users. participates in bibliographic instruction program and com puterassisted reference. requirem ent: at least tw o years post graduate reference experience in the sciences, preferably in an academ ic library. requires undergraduate degree in one of the life or physical sciences. technical services audiovisual/curriculum materials center (avcmc) librarian fo r user services p rovides reference assistance fo r video and sound recordings covering all subject disciplines, and school curriculum m aterials, including teacher education, educational technology, psychological testing, and children’s literature. provides instruction in the use of avc m c collections, equipm ent, and com puters, with particular em phasis on multim edia applications and internet utilization. produces user guides, avcm c bibliographies, and instructional m aterials. assum es prim ary collection developm ent responsibility for film collection. provides reference collection and reference assistance to instructors in locating and selecting film s for classroom presentations. requirem ent: k nowledge of educational trends and experience/interest in em erging audiovisual and inform ation technology. periodicals librarian for user services coordinates electronic user services provided by periodical services. activities focus on access to periodical inform ation in cd-ro m and other electronic form ats, including full-text delivery of periodical inform ation. trains staff and students who provide public assistance, serves scheduled hours at the periodical services desk, and prepares instructional u s e r guides. participates in bibliographic instruc­ tion program . requirem ent: experience and substantial knowledge of periodical indexing services in cd -ro m and other electronic form ats, online tools, and m icrocom puters. reference librarian/social sciences or business specialist develops program s, services, collections and instructional m aterials directly supporting learning in the social sciences (including business and econom ics, child development, education, history, psychology, sociology, etc.). s erves as subject specialist and bibliographer fo r selected academ ic departm ents. provides both general and specialized reference services to csu f students, faculty, and other library users. participates in bibliographic instruction program and com puter-assisted reference. requirement: at least two years postgraduate reference experience in the social sciences/business, preferably in an academ ic library. (continued on next page) bound periodicals, almost 1,300 periodical subscriptions, and a library faculty of eight. responsibilities: under the leadership of the coordinator of instructional support services and programs, devel­ ops and implements new and innovative instructional programs; provides training in emerging information technologies, with empha­ sis on curricular support; teaches classes on the effective use and evaluation of information resources; develops teaching materials for traditional and electronic information resources; assists in the identi­ fication and marketing of new departmental services determined by needs assessment and other outreach techniques. working closely with the coordinator of reference services, provides general and individual reference and research assistance to students and faculty (including one evening per week and rotating weekend duty); partici­ pates in reference collection development; serves as liaison to academic units in assigned subject areas; researches and designs subject handouts, user instructions, and other reference aids; con­ ducts in-house workshops on the use of reference resources and new developments. qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree; dem­ onstrated ability to teach effectively; proven knowledge of a wide range of electronic and internet-based reference tools; microcomputing experience using windows-based programs; excellent interpersonal and communications skills; strong analytical and organizational abilities; commitment to service and teamwork. candidates must have the potential to meet tenure requirements based on performarch 1997 / 225 (continued from previous page) please indicate position(s) for which application is made and send resume (including the names and addresses of three references) to: c hair, p u b lic s e rvice s r e c ru itm e n t c om m ittee o r c hair, t e c h n ic a l s e rvice s r e c ru itm e n t c om m ittee u n iv e rs ity l ib ra ry , c a lifo rn ia s tate u n iv e rs ity , f u lle rto n p.o. b o x 4150 f u lle rto n , ca 92834-4150 pho ne : (714) 773-2714 fa x: (714) 773-2439 h ttp ://w w w lib ra ry .fu lle rto n .e d u additional required and/or preferred qualifications may need to be met. requests for unabridged position descriptions should be directed to the appropriate search committee. for full consideration, applications should be received by march 28,1997. positions will remain open until filled. requirements for all positions: m aster’s degree in library and/or information science from an ala-accredited or equivalent institution. second advanced degree or doctoral equivalency required for tenure. the university: california state university, fullerton, is one of the larger of 23 cam puses which comprise the california state university system. the campus is located in northern orange county, conveniently close to numerous cultural and recreational sites throughout southern california. the university offers baccalaureate degrees in 51 fields of knowledge, credential programs fo rt eachers, and graduate (m aster’s level) work in 44 programs. the university library serves approximately 2,300 faculty and staff as well as 22,500 students enrolled in these programs. the library: the university library contains a collection of some 2,000,000 items in a variety of formats: 765,000 books; 2,500 currently received periodical subscriptions; 400,000 documents; and 900,000 microforms. approxim ately 10,000 books are added per year. a 1 30,000 square-foot addition to the existing library was completed in fall 1996. the staff includes 20 librarians and 40 paraprofession als, plus approximately 250 student assistants. the csu has been under collective bargaining agreem ents since 1982. c s u f is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. all personnel policies conform with the require ments of executive order 11246, title ix of the higher education amendment o f 1972, the am ericans with disabilities act, and other federal regulations regarding nondiscrimination. mance, university service, and professional service/scholarship. two years of post-mls experience in an academic library highly desirable. appointment is at the rank of assistant librarian. monmouth university’s librarians are faculty members with full academic rank, rights, and responsibilities. benefits include tiaa/cref retirement plan, health care and hospitalization insurance, including major medical and dental plans. a letter of application describing candidate’s qualifications along with a current vita listing at least three references should be sent to: richard cochran, dean of the library, guggenheim library, monm outh u niversity, west long branch, nj 07764. re­ view of applications will begin on march 20, 1997, and continue until the position is filled. library director. 12-month position available july 1, 1997, overseeing the library operations with a staff of six, reporting to the vice president and dean of academic affairs. mls and five years administrative experience required, doctorate preferred. must be familiar with current technology. deadline: april 20, 1997 or until suitable applicant is located. apply by submitting letter of application, resume, and list of three references to: brenda sellers, abraham baldwin a gricultural college, abac 5, 2802 moore hwy., tifton, ga 31794-2601. aa/eeo. library instruction/reference librarian. the univer­ sity of texas at san antonio library seeks a librarian to oversee the daily operation of the instructional component of the electronic information and reference services department. the position will be responsible for coordinating teaching activities of professional staff assigned to instruction services; promoting library’s instructional development opportunities and training; developing instructional materials; providing instruction, reference assistance, and research services to the university community. qualifications: required: alaaccredited mls degree; practicum or preprofessional reference and instructional presentation experience; ability to work cooperatively and effectively with faculty, staff, and students; commitment to public service activities; basic knowledge of print and electronic reference resources. preferred: two years academic library experience, ad­ vanced reference or bibliographic instruction course work, experi­ ence in writing publications, familiarity with presentation software and technology related to web-based instruction. salary: $26,000 mini­ mum for 12-month appointment. available: july 1, 1997, contingent on funding. application: send resume and letter of application before april 30, 1997, to: beverly carver, head, electronic information and reference services, u niversity o f texas at san a nto n io library, 6900 n. loop 1604 west, san antonio, tx 78249-0671. utsa is an eeoa employer. women, minorities, and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. library instruction/reference librarian. assistant pro­ fessor (tenure-leading). central reference services department. starting july 1, 1997. oversees the libraries’ one-credit library re­ search course, reaching approximately 4,000 undergraduates each year. serves as a member of library instruction program group (lipg), which oversees many of the libraries’ instructional activities. acts as contact person and coordinates general library instruction and tours. works collaboratively with lipg and other groups to http://wwwlibrary.fullerton.edu 226 / c&rl news three library faculty positions san diego state university library san diego state university is the largest of the 23 cam puses in the california state university system, with an ethnically diverse student body of approxim ately 29,000 students and 2,200 faculty. sdsu is the only cam pus in the california state university system to be designated a doctoral university ii by the carnegie foundation. now in its centennial year, it offers bachelor’s degrees in 76 areas, the m aster’s in 54, and the doctorate in 10. its mission is to provide well-balanced, high-quality education for undergraduate and graduate students, and to contribute to knowledge and the solution of problem s through excellence and distinction in teaching, research, and service. additional information is available at http://w w w .sdsu.edu. in support of this mission, the library has built a collection of over one million volum es, provides access to num erous electronic resources, and offers a variety of user-focused services. in 1996 the library opened its 114,000 square foot addition, which includes over 100 public workstations, tw o electronic classroom s, and a state-of-the-art media center. additional inform ation is available at http://libw eb.sdsu.edu. minority candidates and recent graduates are specifically invited and encouraged to apply. these are all full-time, tenure track, 12-month faculty positions, with ranks of either senior assistant librarian or associate librarian, depending upon qualifications and experience. starting salary range: $38,892$49,044. award of tenure is dependent upon evidence of continuing professional development and service. desired appointment date fo r all three positions is july 1 , 1997. the university provides an excellent benefits package, including 24 days of vacation per year. send letter of application, resume, and at least three names of reference to: h elen h en ry, d ire c to r l ib ra ry o p e ra tio n s and a d m in is tra tiv e s e rv ic e s san d ieg o s tate u n iv e rs ity 5500 c a m p a n ile dr. san d iego, c a 92182-8050 a pplications may also be subm itted by e-mail. send to hh en ry@ library.sdsu.edu. please indicate the position(s) applied for. to ensure full consideration, applications should be received by march 31, 1997, when the a ppointm ent com m ittees will begin screening. for additional inform ation see http:// libweb.sdsu.edu/position/faculty.html. electronic resources/sciences catalog librarian respo ns ibilities: c oordinates cataloging of electronic resources including m ultim edia formats, com p uter file s, and internet-accessible resources, creation of links or access notes in the opac, html/ sg m l activities for the library web server, and special projects. c atalogs m aterials in all science subjects. som e reference desk, collection developm ent, and/or library instruction responsibilities. qualific atio ns: required: mls from an ala -accredited institution or equivalent. knowledge of aacr2r, national cataloging standards, lc classifications, lcri, lcsh, and o clc /m ar c tagging. experience with bibliographic utilities and integrated local library system s (oclc and innovative interfaces preferred). excellent oral and written com m unication and interpersonal skills. ability to work collegially and effectively with individuals or in groups. strong analytical skills. dem onstrated com m it­ m ent to professional developm ent and service. preferred: s ciences cataloging and subject skills. cataloging experience in an academ ic or scientific/technical library. w orking knowledge of w indows 95, o pacs (character and web-based), html, and the internet. (continued on next page) provide leadership in library instruction by incorporating technolo­ gies, and assessing learning outcomes. supervises 1.00 fte support staff. provides reference and electronic resource services in the main library. may be assigned liaison and collection management respon­ sibilities in one or more humanities or social sciences disciplines. participates in other library activities and serves on committees. works some nights and weekends. required: ala-accredited mls; strong public service philosophy; excellent oral and written commu­ nication skills; ability to work flexibly and creatively in a changing environment; and ability to interact positively and productively with library colleagues, students, faculty, and staff. preferred: reference and library instruction experience in an academic library; education course work or teaching experience; familiarity with wide range of print and electronic resources in humanities and social sciences; supervi­ sory experience; and current knowledge of emerging information technologies and their application to library instruction and reference services. $28,000 minimum for a 12-month contract. salary may be higher, depending upon the qualifications of the successful applicant. applicants should submit a letter of application and current resume that explicitly address how their education, relevant experience, and other relevant qualifications meet the duties of and qualifications for this vacancy, by april 15, 1997, to: larry kahle, associate dean of libraries, 141 love library, u niversity o f n ebraska-lincoln, p.o. box 880410, lincoln, ne 68588-0410. the applicant should also submit the names, current addresses, and current telephone numbers of three references who are knowledgeable of the applicant’s qualifi­ cations. the university of nebraska-lincoln is committed to a plural­ istic campus community through affirmative action and equal opporhttp://www.sdsu.edu http://libweb.sdsu.edu mailto:hhenry@library.sdsu.edu march 1997 / 227 (continued from previous page) governm ent publications/maps librarian responsibilities: serves at governm ent publications and maps reference desk. selects and acquires maps, including federal depository maps. provides instruction and reference assistance in the use of maps and government publications. coordinates cataloging of maps resources. participates in the library collection developm ent program. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited institution or equivalent. c ourse w ork or experience in either governm ent publications or maps librarianship. ability to apply technology to information services. excellent oral and written com m unication and interpersonal skills. ability to work collegially and effectively with individuals or in groups. preferred: a degree in geography or related field. knowledge of maps cataloging. media librarian this is a new position. the successful candidate will play an important role in shaping the future of the library’s media services. entry-level candidates with a background in media will be considered. responsibilities: identification, selection, management, and preservation of media resources in the library. overall management of library’s media center, including supervision of one fte staff member and three fte student assistants. assists faculty, staff, and students in the use of media materials. coordinates media services and collections with university’s instructional technology services unit and music and art departments. serves at general reference desk. w orks with technical services to provide expertise in processing nonprint materials. additional subject bibliography responsibilities dependent upon qualifications. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited institution or equivalent. experience with media and nonprint materials and related equipment. knowledge of trends in nonprint media. excellent communication and interpersonal skills. com m itment to public service. ability to work effectively with faculty and students in a collegial environment. preferred: relevant academic library experience. demonstrated management and supervisory skills. s d s u is an affirmative action/equal opportunity title ix employer and does not discriminate against persons on the basis o f race, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, gender, marital status, age, or disability. tunity and is responsive to the needs of dual-career couples. we assure reasonable accommodation under the americans with dis­ abilities act; contact larry kahle at (402) 472-2526. literature/humanities subject specialist. lockwood memorial library. the specialist provides expertise and leadership in collection development, instruction, and specialized research ser­ vices to faculty and students in english, linguistics, media studies, philosophy, and sciences. the incumbent must have strong subject expertise in an area of the humanities, preferably literature, and be knowledgeable about and interested in electronic resources in the humanities and their integration in library services. the incumbent must demonstrate enthusiasm and abilities for innovative program design and creative approaches to services and to access to humani­ ties resources. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accred­ ited institution; demonstrated knowledge of print and electronic resources in the humanities; two years post-mls public service experience in research libraries; demonstrated interest in and ability for the development of innovative programs and services. desired: advanced degree in the humanities, preferably english/literature; collection development experience. rank and salary: tenure-track position with faculty status at the rank of senior assistant or associate librarian. rank and salary commensurate with education and expe­ rience; minimum $32,000 senior assistant librarian, $37,000 asso­ ciate librarian. those interested may wish to examine the lockwood memorial library web site at http://wings.buffalo.edu/libraries/units/ iml. ub offers a generous benefits program: optional retirement programs, including tiaa/cref; optional health coverage programs; 15 to 21 days vacation per year; and more. send letter of application and resume, including the names of at least three references to: kenneth hood, human resources officer, u niversity at buffalo libraries, 432 capen hall, buffalo, ny 14260-1625. search commit­ tee will begin reviewing applications immediately and continue until an appointment is made. mathematics librarian. university of minnesota libraries. the mathematics librarian provides reference, instructional, and collec­ tion-related services to approximately 100 faculty and several hun­ dred students in the schools of mathematics and statistics and to many of the over 700 research scholars who visit the institute of mathematics and its applications each year. in addition, the math­ ematics librarian manages and plans for the long-term needs of the mathematics library, including an increasing emphasis on electronic resources in a digital environment. staff includes one professional librarian, one library assistant, and student support. for a complete position description and more information on the mathematics li­ brary, see http://sciweb.lib.umn.edu/math/math.html. required quali­ fications: ala-accredited master’s degree in library science or foreign equivalent; an understanding of collection management in the sci­ ences and trends in scientific scholarly publishing; experience provid­ ing reference assistance in mathematics or another science; knowl­ edge in and experience applying information technologies, including the internet and networked online databases, to address the needs of library users; strong commitment to public service; ability to work effectively with and relate well to a culturally diverse community of faculty, students, and library colleagues; initiative, self-direction, and an ability to work independently; excellent written and oral communi­ cation skills; strong interpersonal skills; ability to meet the university of minnesota’s requirements for promotion and continuous appoint­ ment (see below). preferred qualifications: collection management experience in mathematics or another science strongly preferred; supervisory experience strongly preferred; academic background in mathematics or another science; experience planning and delivering instruction; relevant experience in a mathematics library. type of appointment and salary: this is a full-time, 12-month academic/ professional position, with probationary appointment at the assistant librarian rank. librarians at the university of minnesota have profes­ sional academic status. appointees at the assistant librarian rank have six years to achieve continuous appointment, which is based on significant growth and contributions in the following areas: (1) job performance; (2) contributions to the libraries and the university; and (3) contributions to the profession. salary range $30,000-$35,000, depending on experience and qualifications. generous benefits. to apply, send a letter of application discussing how your background and experience fulfill each required qualification of the position (also address preferred qualifications as appropriate), a current resume, and the names, addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail ad­ dresses of three references to: linda debeau-melting, libraries human resources officer, university libraries, 453 wilson library, the u niversity o f minnesota, 309 19th ave. s., minneapolis, mn 55455. application must be postmarked by march 3 1 , 1997. please identify application with the number ul61. questions about the http://wings.buffalo.edu/libraries/units/ http://sciweb.lib.umn.edu/math/math.html 2 2 8 / c&rl news director of the library north carolina wesleyan college north carolina w esleyan college, a liberal arts college associated with the united m ethodist church, serves approxim ately 1,800 students, 700 at the residential cam pus in rocky mount and 1,100 adults in degree-completion programs at g oldsboro, raleigh, and rocky mount. the college seeks faculty com m itted to teaching and m entoring undergraduates of both traditional and non-traditional age, to participating in the com m unity life of a residential campus, and to the practice of liberal education as a moral enterprise. the successful candidate must give strong evidence of intellectual versatility, a spirit of collegiality, a strong service orientation, and a desire to participate in planning and supporting a cross-disciplinary, general core curriculum. see m ore about ncw c and its future plans on the web at http://w w w .ncw c.edu. a la -accredited mls required; an advanced degree in another discipline and experience in a liberal arts institution preferred. ncwc is seek­ ing an academ ic leader who can assist the college in rethinking the role of the library and its acquisitions, both print and electronic, into the next century. the college is centralizing technol­ ogy to make optimal use of networking and inform ation technology to deliver library ser­ vices. the director’s challenge will be to design and im plem ent a plan to support a changing curriculum and multiple audiences, including offcam pus sites. the successful candidate m ust be able to w ork effectively with faculty and students to integrate inform ation search skills into new and developing courses and program s across the disciplines. experience in library adm inistration, including staff training and budget managem ent, and su­ perior com petence and facility with com puters are required. please subm it a detailed letter of application, vitae, and the nam es and addresses (including e-mail addresses) of three references to: r ic h a rd l. w a ts o n iii, c ha ir d ire c to r o f l ib ra ry s earch c o m m itte e n o rth c a ro lin a w e s le y la n c olleg e 3400 n. w e sleya n b lvd . r o c k y m o u n t, nc 27804 e -m a il: rw a ts o n @ n c w c .e d u ncw c is an equal opportunity em ployer and encourages applications from women and minorities. position may be directed to the chair of the search committee: janice jaguszewski, science & engineering library, 108 w alter l ib ra ry, 117 p le a s a n t st. se, m in n e ap o lis, mn 55455; e-m ail: j-jagu@ tc.umn.edu. the university of minnesota is an equal oppor­ tunity educator and employer. night reference librarian. the night reference librarian, an entry-level position, reports directly to the head of reference services. incumbent is responsible for providing reference assis­ tance in a centralized reference section sunday through thursday nights. additionally, incumbent provides formal and informal biblio­ graphic instruction and serves as night supervisor of all sections in operation during the evening and night hours (these sections include circulation, reserve, reference, microforms, and louisiana room). position demands outstanding bibliographic skills, the ability to communicate effectively with a diverse faculty and student popula­ tion, and includes line responsibility for effective service at the reference desk. qualifications: ala-accredited msls/mls required. knowledge of cd-rom databases and database searching. strong commitment to public service. a second master’s degree in an academic subject area and one year of experience in a reference services department desirable. appointment with faculty status, rank, and benefits. salary competitive. letter of application, resume, and the names of three references will be accepted through march 31, 1997, or until position is filled, and should be addressed to: charles w. triche iii, director of libraries, university libraries, u nive rsity of s outhw estern louisiana, usl box 40199, lafayette, la 70504. the university of southwestern louisiana is an equal employment oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. reference— cataloging librarian/instructor. educa­ tional leave replacement. bloomsburg university seeks temporary librarian for academic year 1997-98. position is divided between reference and cataloging. if no acceptable applicant is identified, the university will consider creating two half-time positions, one reference and one cataloging. responsibilities: provides reference desk ser­ vice, assists patrons in use of computer databases, participates in the library instruction program; shares evening and weekend rotation at the reference desk; catalogs federal and pennsylvania documents, maps, and other collections. required: ala-accredited mls; knowl­ edge of aacr2, oclc, marc; demonstrated ability to work with diverse populations. preferred: minimum of one year of professional experience in reference and cataloging services in an academic or research library; subject familiarity with the social sciences. recom­ mendation by the majority of the regular, full-time department faculty. academic year, 1997-98, position available starting august 2 5 , 1997. salary: full-time, $29,338; half-time, $14,669. no benefits for halftime positions. submit letter of application, curriculum vitae, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: charles l. lumpkins, chairperson, search and screen committee, harvey a. andruss library, b loom sburg u nive rsity o f pennsylva­ nia, bloomsburg, pa 17815. application deadline: only applications postmarked by april 15, 1997, can be assured full consideration. bloomsburg university is an aa/eeo employer. persons of color, women, and all other protected class members are especially urged to apply. aa #03-6-85. for more information, visit our web site at: http:/ /www.bloomu.edu/departments/compserv/jobpost/jobhome.html. reference/distance lib r a r y services lib r a r ia n . einstein library. nova southeastern university, a private university with a commitment to excellence in distance education and technol­ ogy, invites creative, innovative, and dynamic applicants for the position of reference/distance library services librarian. the suc­ cessful candidate shares responsibility for assisting students and faculty on and off campus; provides general reference and instruc­ tional services using print and electronic resources; conducts formal library instruction through general tours, on-the-road presentations, and hands-on training labs; prepares traditional and online documen­ tation; contributes to the development of the reference collection and assigned subject areas of the main collection. qualifications: mini­ mum of one to two years post-mls experience in public service. experience using and teaching both cd-rom and online resources. must have a strong grasp of the current state of information technol­ ogy and its potential for innovative reference services for distance education. must have excellent organizational, communication, in­ structional, and interpersonal skills, with ability to work both coopera­ tively and independently and to foster teamwork. must have experi­ ence in bibliographic instruction or demonstrate teaching skills. must have ability to incorporate emerging instructional technology into the design and provision of user education. applicants must be willing to travel by air and/or land and to work evening and weekend hours as needed. minimum salary of $28,500 for a 12-month appointment. http://www.ncwc.edu mailto:rwatson@ncwc.edu mailto:j-jagu@tc.umn.edu http://www.bloomu.edu/departments/compserv/jobpost/jobhome.html march 1997 / 229 director of library services landmark college landmark college is the nation’s only accredited college for students with dyslexia, adhd, and specific learning disabilities. landmark college has reopened a search for a director of library services for its library opened in 1985. the library has 32,000 volumes, including an 800-volume collection on learning disabilities, a staff of three professional and two paraprofessional librarians. current college enrollment is approximately 260 full-time students. required background: ala-accredited mls, at least five years experience in academic library administration. experience initiating and completing an automation project, as well as bringing other technology into the library environment. vision and ability to execute long-range plans for both the library and the college as a whole, as a member of the president’s council. demonstrated ability to manage change and incorporate new approaches to motivation, productivity, and teamwork. strong leadership and communication skills. clear understanding of evolving role of academic library. demonstrated fund raising/ grant writing ability. commitment to initiating library instruction program for persons with learning disabilities and developing rapport with students. duties: responsible for the operation of the library, including all services, policies, collection development, reference, tech service, and staff management. participates in the hands-on daily operation of the library, reporting to the college president. this is a full-time, calendar-year position with annual vacation and comprehensive benefit package. please send a resume and three references, with salary requirements, to: l a n d m a rk c olleg e d ire c to r o f hum an r eso urces rr 1, b ox 1000 p utney, vt 05346 eeo competitive benefits package including tiaa/cref and tuition ben­ efits. position will remain open until a suitable candidate has been hired. submit letter of application, resume, and at least three current references to: douglas buck, human resources department, nova southeastern u niversity, 3301 college ave., ft. lauderdale, fl 33314. for more complete information contact harriett macdougall, associate director, einstein library, nova southeastern university, at the address above, or call (954) 262-4606; fax: (954) 262-3805. nova southeastern university is an affirmative action, equal opportu­ nity employer and encourages applications from minorities. reference librarian. provides reference and information ser­ vices, both electronic and traditional. conducts library-related re­ search instruction. contributes to the libraries’ collection develop­ ment and information access program as a selector for philosophy and religion. produces print and electronic reference guides and related informational materials. reports to head, reference and information services; incumbent’s collection development assign­ ment is coordinated by the social sciences bibliographer. qualifica­ tions: mls degree from an ala-accredited program required. master’s degree in philosophy or religion highly desirable. one to two years of professional experience in reference, electronic information provision, or collection development also highly desirable. compensation: $28,500 (for 10-month work year), may be higher depending on qualifications. additional month of work may be required for an added 9.6 per cent of annual salary. benefits package includes health, dental, and life insurance; tuition remission and tiaa/cref retirement plans. appli cation procedure: send letter of application addressing qualifications, resume, and names of three references to: martha henderson, chair, search committee, administrative services department, paley li brary (017-00), temple university, philadelphia, pa 19122. closing date for applications: april 12, 1997. an aa/eo employer. science librarian. bowling green state university is seeking applicants for a tenure-track faculty science librarian position. pri­ mary responsibilities include providing reference service, database searching, and other public services; and, as a member of a self directed team, coordinating all activities and services related to developing and planning reference service, library user education, and collection development in the science library. required qualifi­ cations include an ala-accredited mls, an academic background and/or experience in the sciences, especially in the chemical sci­ ences, and a strong commitment to public service. preferred qualifi­ cations include professional library experience, strong interpersonal skills, and science bibliography course work. assistant professor preferred, but candidates at all levels will be considered. qualified applicants must have proof of legal authority to work in the u.s. salary competitive, dependent on related experience. the anticipated start­ ing date is july 1, 1997. bgsu is an aa/eeo employer and encour­ ages applications from women, minorities, veterans, and persons with disabilities. send letter of application, current curriculum vitae, and the names, phone numbers, and addresses of three current references to the following address, postmarked by march 31, 1997: beverly j. stearns, office of the dean, 204 jerome library, bowling green state university, bowling green, oh 43403. social science/outreach librarian. description: provide general reference services using both print and electronic sources; participate in weekend and evening rotation; participate in collection development; participate in library instruction program; serve on library and university committees; provide outreach services on campus, especially to ethnic, foreign, first-year, returning and nontraditional students; provide sensitivity training to library staff in working with students with disabilities. qualifications: an mls degree from an ala-accredited program; demonstrated reference skills in social sciences (particularly law); computer literacy; one to two years experience in outreach services; teaching experience; demonstrated facility with statistical information resources, including numeric data in electronic format; cd-rom database and internet searching exper­ tise; excellent written and oral communication skills; demonstrated ability to meet the requirements for faculty promotion and tenure; second master’s degree in a social science and fluency in spanish are desirable. new mexico state university, new mexico’s landgrant university, enrolls approximately 15,000 students in 75 undergradu­ ate, 50 master’s, and 20 doctoral degree programs. nmsu is classi­ fied as a carnegie i research institution and is a member of the hispanic association of colleges and universities (hacu). the library contains approximately one million volumes and has an annual budget 230 / c&rl news business information librarian baker library harvard business school respo nsibilities: baker library is seeking a dynam ic and creative public-services-oriented busi­ ness librarian to deliver reference service in ach an gin g environm ent. the successful candidate will have a proven expertise in delivering business reference. the position has a strong em phasis on innovative planning and execution of services. as a part of the business inform ation services team, s/he will evaluate service deliverables and subsequent modifications for improvement. there is a wealth of growth opportunity for a librarian who is highly engaged and envisions the possibilities in the virtual library and workspace. the full-tim e position will report to the m anager of business inform ation services and work closely with all public services staff. evening and w eekend assignm ents will be rotated within the department. prim ary shared responsibilities are as follows: im plem ents new instructional strategies, trains and instructs library users and baker library staff in finding a breadth of business inform ation through the internet, online catalogs, and other electronic formats, as well as in baker library. conducts general and specialized library tours, develops and delivers workshops on a variety of topics to hbs students and staff. designs and writes docum entation, interactive training m aterials, user aids, and publicity for the library’s home page and other publications. reviews current journals for industry statistics, rankings, and topics of interest to library users. c onsults with library clientele on inform ation needs to identify appropriate sources and search strategies. perform s online searches. w orks with faculty in designing, researching, and producing curriculum support products for classroom use. specific responsibilities will be to help in the ongoing developm ent of a program for desktop access to reference service to the hbs com m unity and help develop support inititatives. s/he will have the ability and the desire to contribute to new library service initiatives with an eye toward service delivery to remote users via telephone, e-mail, and the w orld w ide w eb. experience in rem ote custom er support and/or non-traditional reference service is highly desirable. qualific atio ns: ala-accredited mls, three to five years professional experience in business reference in an academic, special, or business library. proven experience designing homepages and web docum ents. experience searching online such as dialog, dow jones, and investext. exceptional interpersonal and presentation skills. excellent written skills and understanding of the specific needs of a graduate business library. send resume to: l au re n b a c c u s h um an r e s o u rc e s f o w le r 10 h a rva rd b u s in e s s s c h o o l s o ld ie rs field b o s to n , m a 02163 exceeding $5 million. the university library operates two buildings (new library, with the humanities and social science collections, and branson hall with the science, technology, and business collections) and a new, state-of-the-art electronic classroom. library computer resources include vtls, innopac, oclc, internet access, firstsearch, campuswide cd-rom lan, and multiple microcomputer applications. compensation: salary and rank are dependent on quali­ fications (minimum $28,500 for instructor rank and $31,500 for assis­ tant professor rank). 12-month appointment. benefits include 22 vacation days per year, medical and other insurance, and support for faculty development. review of applications will begin march 3 1 , 1997, and continue until may 16, 1997. to apply, please mail or fax a letter of application, a current resume, and names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of three references to: karen stabler, chair, search committee nmsu library, box 30006/dept. 3475, new m exico state university, las cruces, nm 88003-8006; fax: (505) 646-4335; e-mail: kstabler@lib.nmsu.edu. for additional information, please visit our library web site: http://lib.nmsu.edu. nmsu is an aa/eeo employer. an offer of employment is contingent upon verification of the individu­ al’s eligibility for employment in the u.s. systems/collection management services head. san francisco state university. tenure-track position. responsibilities: provides leadership for and manages a new division encompassing library systems, collection management (including acquisitions, col­ lection development, technical services, document delivery), and special collections/archives. establishes goals, sets priorities, and develops work assignments in collaboration with faculty, coordina­ tors, and unit heads in the division; represents the division on the library management team and participates in librarywide planning and policymaking. leads the library systems group in internal systems planning and management and in work relating to implemen­ tation of the innopac library information system and the csu unified information access system. plays a leadership role in the implementation of innopac, including automation of current manual processes for serial ordering, payment, check-in, and bindery func­ tions. oversees a collections budget of over $2.5 million. coordinates the work of special collections council (comprised of special collec­ tions/archives, the debellis collection of italian culture, and the labor archives & research center). qualifications: ala-accredited mls; a minimum of five years of appropriate experience with progres­ sively responsible administrative assignments, including significant systems responsibility/expertise and management of at least one of the above-named collection management areas. broad and demon­ strable knowledge of technical services and collection development/ management, including budget planning and management; demon strated knowledge and skills related to library systems (including internal local area networks and/or intranets, network connectivity). mailto:kstabler@lib.nmsu.edu http://lib.nmsu.edu march 1997 / 231 germanic languages cataloger the harvard law school library the harvard law school library seeks a dynam ic and creative cataloger to take responsibility for original cataloging of monographs in german, dutch, the scandinavian, and other germanic languages. the successful candidate will report to the cataloging services librarian and will perform original and m em ber cataloging of m onographs, including descriptions, subject analysis, and classification, using aacr2, lc subject headings, and lc and local classification systems. cataloging is perform ed in rlin or in hollis, the harvard university library’s online bibliographical system. you will also create name and series authority records for the harvard authority file and the lc name authority file via naco. as circumstances require, you may also catalog english-language monographs, serials and electronic resources. mls, fluent knowledge of german, and working knowledge of other germanic languages required. two to three years cataloging experience, preferably in an academ ic library, and fam iliarity with automated cataloging procedures required. harvard law school library is undergoing a period of rapid change, including complete renovation of our physical plant and incorporation of the latest information technology throughout the library. w e seek an individual who welcom es change, with a dem onstrated ability to manage multiple priorities effectively. to apply, please send resume, cover letter, and three reference names to: h arry s. m artin iii h arvard law s c h o o l l ib ra ry 1545 m a s s a c h u s e tts ave. a re e d a hall 227 c a m b ridg e, ma 02138 demonstrated leadership ability; strong analytical and problem solving skills; excellent written, oral, and interpersonal communica tion skills with diverse faculty, staff, and students. ability to wor within and to foster a collaborative, collegial environment. tenure track appointment at the associate or full librarian level; rank an salary dependent upon qualifications and experience (minimu $49,044). as faculty members, librarians are expected to mee general faculty requirements for tenure and promotion. enhance description available at: http://www.library.sfsu.edu. nominations ar welcome. candidates should submit a letter of application, resume and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three refer ences to: pam kullberg, personnel assistant, j. paul leonard li brary, san francisco state university, 1630 holloway ave., sa francisco, ca 94132. review of applications will begin april 1 , 1997 and continue until the position is filled. san francisco state universit is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. minorities women, and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. systems librarian. to implement, maintain, and support al dra modules; educate users about dra find, galileo, and othe electronic information resources; participate in planning for an administering library services; and share reference duties wit other librarians. required: ala-accredited mls and library auto mation support experience. preferred: dra, open vms, and aca demic library experience. immediate opening. salary and benefit commensurate with qualifications and experience. submit cove letter, resume, and three references to: director, the john bulo campbell library, colum bia t he o lo gical sem inary, p. o. bo ­ ­ k d m t d e , ­ ­ n , y , l r d h ­ ­ s r w x 520, decatur, ga 30031-0520. technical services coordinator. northern state univer­ sity is soliciting applications from dynamic and creative librarians for this position in the newly remodeled and enlarged williams library. responsibilities include the supervision and coordination of all pur­ chasing, acquisition, processing, and cataloging activities for the library. the incumbent serves as the prime technical contact with the south dakota library network/pals system and with minitex and oclc. pals experience an asset. this position supervises 2.5 fte library associates and additional student staff. available im mediately. for both this position and the electronic resources/ reference librarian position listed above, an ala-accredited mls is required, as are at least two years appropriate profes­ sional experience. supervisory experience highly desired. excel­ lent oral, written, and computer communication skills are essen­ tial, as is the ability to work in a collegial fashion. web page development skills an asset. these positions carry faculty rank and status; a second master’s degree required for appointment to a tenure-track position. nsu is a carnegie ma i, multipurpose regional, state-supported institution offering associate, bacca­ laureate, and graduate degrees. send letter of application ac­ companied by a vita, transcripts, and three letters of recommen­ dation to: samuel gingerich, vice-president for academic af­ fairs, n orth e rn s tate u n iv e rs ity , 1200 s. jay st., aberdeen, sd 57401-7198. consideration of applications will begin april 15, 1997, and continue until the position is filled. preliminary inter­ views may be scheduled for acrl in nashville. aa/eoe. l a te j o b l is tin g s serials librarian. wright state university libraries. responsible for all aspects of serials operations. required: ala-accredited mls or related master’s degree; minimum of two years library technical services experience, preferably in serials. full posting available on request. salary: $33,180 minimum. review of applications will begin march 31, 1997. send application letter, resume, and names of three current references to: chris watson, 126 dunbar library, wright state university, dayton, oh 45435. aa/eeo employer. http://www.library.sfsu.edu 23 2 / c&rl news lea r n in g tech nology librarian. palomar community college. starting range: $32,503-$50,289. ten months per year, tenure-track positions to begin august 1997. applications and full announcement available via our web site: http:// www.palomar.edu. or call (619) 744-1150, ext. 2247. palom ar college, san marcos, california. eo/aae. biblio g r aph ic instruction/information com petency libr ar ian. palomar community college. starting range: $32,503-$50,289. ten months per year, tenure-track positions to begin august 1997. applications and full announcement available via our web site: http://www.palomar.edu. or call (619) 744-1150, ext. 2247. palom ar college, san marcos, california. eo/aae. assistant irrc librarian. university of illinois library (u-c), urbana, illinois. duties: under the direction of the coordinator of the illinois reference and research center (irrc), is responsible for the daily operations and supervision of all aspects of interlibrary loan services in the irrc. assists in the development, imple­ mentation, and review of policies and procedures of the irrc. develops and applies new technologies to streamline and improve services. performs advanced bibliographic work on problem citations. trains and advises staff on bibliographic search procedures, contributes to departmental planning and management. in the absence of the coordi­ nator, provides leadership to the irrc staff and represents the irrc at pertinent university library and resource sharing consortia meetings. the illinois reference and research center is responsible for providing access to the libraries, collections for requesters worldwide via the interlibrary loan service. statewide resource sharing utilizing the illinet online network is a large part of that volume. the unit also mediates requests for material not locally available to the university community. the irrc operates a fast paced and high volume operation with lending requests currently totaling over 100,000 and mediated borrowing, over 24,000 annually. qualifications: required: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school or its equivalent. a minimum of one year pre-professional or professional experience in a large public or academic library. demonstrated experience with a variety of computer applications. familiarity with major bibliographic utilities such as oclc or rlin. demonstrated ability to do advanced bibliographic verification work using a variety of bibliographic tools. evidence of supervisory skills. demonstrated ability to communicate effectively. evidence of ability to engage in research and scholarly activity. desired: experience working in an interlibrary loan unit. experience in training, directing, and evaluating the work of other employees. knowledge of one or more foreign languages. experience with database design, html, word-processing applications, and the use of spreadsheet software. salary and rank: salary commensu­ rate with credentials and experience. the library’s minimum salary for appointment as assistant professor is $30,000. librarian’s have faculty rank and must demonstrate excellence in librarianship, research publication, and university/professional/commu­ nity service in order to meet university standards for promotion and tenure. applica­ tion deadline: send letter of application and complete resume with the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of five references, by april 3 , 1997, to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, 127 library, university of illinois library at urbanachampaign, 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il, 61801; phone (217) 333-5494. aa/ eoe. recruit the best … e-mail your ad to jhelbig@ ala.org and get a 10% discount. … advertise your job openings in c&rl news http://www.palomar.edu http://www.palomar.edu mailto:jhelbig@ala.org acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries c&rl news ■ may 2 0 0 1 /5 5 3 career opportunities c l a s s i f i e d d sa from across the country deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. latejob listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $9.75 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $11,85for others. late job notices are $22.70 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $27.50 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. display ad rates range from $450 to $840 based upon size. please call for sizes and rates. or see our web site: http:// www.ala.org/acrl/advert2.html. guidelines: for ads that list an application deadline, we suggest that date be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary range per policy of the american library association (ala). job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. internet: c&rl news classified ads are accessible on the web at http://www.ala.org/acrl/c&rlnew2.html. ads will be placed approximately 2 -3 weeks before the printed edition of c&rl news is published. contact: elise parker, classified advertising manager, c&rl news classified advertising department, acrl, american library association, 50 ē. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795; (312) 280-2513; fax: (312) 280-7663 or (312) 280-2520; e-mail: c&rlnewsads@ala.org. policy: ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications or placement services comply with ala anti-discrimination policies. policy 54.3 states that “ala is committed to equality of opportunity for all library employ­ ees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life­ style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala ser­ vices, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. positions open archivalaccesscoordinator.theuniversityof alabama libraries is seeking adynamic, experienced archivist forthe position of archival access coordinator in the william stanley hoole special collections library. the w.s. hoole library is a national resource specializing in the unique history and culture of the state of alabama, including the u ni ver­ sify of alabama. the archival access coordinatorworks closely with the curator and the public and outreach services coordinator to provide access toand promote the use of the w.s. hoole library collections. the w.s. hoole library, in conjunction with the university libraries, is actively investigating digitization projects. the archival access coordinator re­ ports to the curator of the w.s. hoole special collections library. responsibilities: responsible for ensuring access to manuscripts and personal papers, audio/visual materials, photographs, realia, and other resources in a variety of formats. supervises two classified staff, interns, graduate and student assistants, and volunteers. provides reference and research services. assists with donors and with outreach and instructional activities. participates in the ad­ ministration and operation of the hoole library. may also serve as subject specialist and library liaison. qualifications: required: ala accredited mls or master of archival studies or certification by the academy of certified archivists. demonstrated archival experience, including processing work. user-centered service orientation. strong interpersonal, written, and oral communication skills. ability to work cooperativelyandcollegiallywith department and library colleagues and with university faculty and staff at all levels. initiative and flexibility. knowledge of current trends and technological developments in the archives field, including digitization. ev¡denceof potential to meet univer­ sity requirements for promotion and tenure. preferred: academic library experience. supervisory experience. knowledge of southern and/or ala­ bama history. graduate degree in related discipline. collection develop­ ment experience. the university libraries maintains membership in the association of research libraries, the center for research libraries, the coalition for networked information, soli net, and the network of ala­ bama academic libraries. a u.s. governmentdocuments regional de­ pository, the libraries serves alabama libraries and the public. the libraries employsth e voyager integrated library system and isan active participant in the alabama virtual library. the libraries’ homepage may be accessed at: http://www.lib.ua.edu. salary and benefits: twelve­ month, ten u re-track appointment. rank and salary commensurate with qualifications and experience. strong benefits including professional development support and tuition fee waiver; substantial moving allowance may be available. to apply: send letter of application, résumé, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three refer­ ences to: voni b. wyatt, personnel officer, u n iv e r s it y of a la b a m a libraries, box 870266, tuscaloosa, al 35487-0266. applications received by may 18, 2001, are assured of receiving full consider­ ation. the university of alabama is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting salary figures recommended by state library associationsfor professional library posts in these states. the recommendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommendations for minimum salaries. job seekers and employers should consider these recommended minimums when evaluating professional vacancies. foradditionai information on librarian salaries, contact ala office for library personnel resources. connecticut $34,172 delaware $22,500** illinois $30,096* indiana varies* iowa $23,911 louisiana $22,000 maine varies* massachusetts $31,362* new jersey $33,785 north carolina $2 7 ,641** ohio $2 5 ,198** pennsylvania $2 8 ,120* rhode island $29,800 south carolina varies* south dakota $22,000 texas $28,000 verm ont $26,464 w est virginia $22,000 w isconsin $32,240 *ratherthan establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on variables such as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community, or the grade level oτ a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. “ these recommendations apply only to public librarians. c o l l e g e lib r a r ia n . castletonstatecollege.castleton state college is seeking a library director for a 12-month faculty tenure-track position. the college librarian oversees and coordinates all areas of the library, including planning, services, collections, budgeting, and programs. the successful candidate will oversee identification and development of state of-the-arttechπologies and will creatively integrate them with traditional library collections and services. qualifications: mlsfrom an ala-accred­ ited program; demonstrated excellent communication and organization http://www.ala.org/acrl/c&rlnew2.html http://www.ala.org/acrl/advert2.html http://www.lib.ua.edu 554/c&rl news ■ may 2001 assistant librarian abraham baldwin agricultural college a unit of the university system of georgia abraham baldwin agricultural college (abac), a residential college spread over 390 acres in tifton, georgia, offers 53 majors, including 31 college transfer programs and 22 career technology majors. a faculty of 100 teaches the student body of approximately 2,600. tifton is an attractive community known for its quality of life. salary: $32,500 requirements: ala-accredited mls; thorough knowledge of lcsh,aacr2,oclc, marc formats, authority control, and lc classification; familiarity with integrated library systems (voyager preferred) and technical services trends; strong user orientation; strong computer skills including software applications; and excellent oral and written skills required. application deadline: juneβ,2001. send a letter of application addressing the responsibilities and qualifications, résumé, unofficial transcripts, and contact information for three professional references to: human resources abraham baldwin agricultural college abac 33,2802 moore highway tifton, ga 31794 phone: (912) 386-3491; fax: (912) 386-7481 e-mail: bracewel @abac.peachneledu http://www.abac.peachnet.edu abac is committed to the concept and reality o fcultural diversity, and members o f minority groups are strongly encouragedto apply. library director (chair, learning resources) lincoln land community college (search extended) lincoln land community college in springfield, illinois is seeking an enthusiastic and creative person with excellent human relations skills to direct the college’s learning resource center (lrc). the lrc has a staff of nine and is in the exciting process of reassessing and expanding its print collection to complement new technologies and online databases. responsibilities: administration, budgeting, and supervising of the library, multimedia center, and lrc services to the six regional education centers. must be able to provide leadership for all lrc operations, including circulation, technical services, cataloging, and reference. reports directly to the vp for academic services. requirements: ala-accredited mls; five years’ library experience; minimum two years in library administration. hiring range: $48,263-$56,307, with excellent benefits. send cover letter, résumé, copy of all transcripts, and the names and telephone numbers of three professional references to: human resources lincoln land community college p.o. box 19256 springfield, il 62794-9256 lincoln land community college is an equal opportunity employer and educator. www.iincolnland.net ; http://www.abac.peachnet.edu http://www.lincolnland.net c&rl news ■ may 2001 / 555 princetonuniversity assistant librarian, marquand library of art and archaeology princeton university library the princeton university library’s general collections include about six million printed volumes, as well as significant numbers of microforms, scores and records, electronic databases, and journals. the library employs approximately 320 professional and support staff workers, as well as a large student and hourly workforce. library operations are divided among 15 sites on campus, including a large central library. more information may be found at the library’s web site: h ttp ://lib w e b . princeton.edu: 2 0 0 3 /. description: marquand library of art and archaeology is one of the oldest art libraries in america and it has an international reputation as one of the finest art libraries in the world. the collection contains over 230,000 volumes, 700 journals, plus microforms, and electronic databases; sales catalogs and rare materials covering the history of art and architecture; classical, medieval, islamic, far eastern and pre-columbian archaeology; and artistic photography. the staff includes two librarians, five support staff, and several student and casual hourly workers. the library is situated adjacent to the art and archaeology department, the art museum, and the index of christian art. the library serves faculty and students from all academic departments on campus as well as many visiting scholars from the u.s. and abroad. marquand library is currently in the design phase of a modest expansion and thorough renovation of its building, which will be completed by the fall of 2003. duties and responsibilities: the responsibilities of the assistant librarian include providing service oriented reference for print and electronic resources; being active in collection development and maintenance, including selection of materials for off-site storage; supervising the serials operations; and managing the day-to-day activities of the library. the assistant librarian will focus on developing new models of reference and instruction services including web-based options. the assistant librarian is also expected to participate in library-wide task forces and committees, as well as appropriate national art library-related associations. qualifications: requires an ala-accredited master’s degree in library science or equivalent combination of education and professional experience, plus a background in the humanities, preferably art or architecture, and a minimum of two years' successful professional experience in an academic research library. candidates should be enthusiastic, energetic, and creative. superiorcommunication skills—both oral and written—are required. must have a proficiency in at least two european languages, preferably italian and german. evidence of ability to create and maintain state-of-the-art web pages is essential. candidates must demonstrate mastery of the bibliographic tools, including electronic resources, available for the use of researchers in the humanities. a record of demonstrated competence with technology, scanning, and digital projects is highly desirable, as is knowledge of the current and antiquarian book trade worldwide. benefits: twenty-four (24) vacation days a year, plus eleven (11) paid holidays. medical and other benefits. salary and rank: dependent upon qualifications and experience. nominations and applications: applications will be accepted immediately and will continueto be accepted until the position is filled. candidates should submit a letter of application, a résumé, and the names, titles, and phone numbers of three professional references. nominations and applications should be submitted to the following address for consideration: search committee for assistant librarian marquand library of art and archaeology c/o lila daum fredenburg human resources librarian princeton university library one washington road princeton, nj 08544-2098 princeton university isan equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. http://libweb.princeton.edu:2003/ 556 /c&rl news ■ may 2001 cataloging/ technical services librarian dowling college dowling college is seeking a full-time tenure track faculty librarian. responsible for catalog­ ing materials in a wide range of formats; author­ ity control; and bibliographic database mainte­ nance. required: mls from an ala-accredited institution; two years’ experience cataloging using marc, aacr2, lcc, lcsh, oclc, and integrated library systems (innovative interfaces preferred); and strong analytical, interpersonal, and communication skills. academic library ex­ perience preferred. additional master’s degree required for tenure. salary and academic rank commensurate with experience; minimum sal­ ary is $47,000. generous benefits package includes 22 vacation days and tuition remission. mail cover letter, c.v., and names of three refer­ ences to: director of human resources dowling college idle hour boulevard oakdale, ny 11769 fax: (631)589-6123 the library and archives o f (he centro de estudios pueríorr¡quenos is looking for an experienced cataloger w ho w ill catalog and classify print and non print materials using an automated system; adapt existing records and create original cataloging records in marc formats; establish names, subject authorities and references; co m pile statistics, m aintain and troubleshoot automative system and workstations. w ill w ork part o f the time in reference providing assistance in locating information. train and supervise assistants. other duties as required. q ualifications: m inim ally, the candidate must possess the ba degree and four years o f related experience. in addition, the mls from an ala accredited school and, as part o f the four, at least tw o vears experience in an academic library is required. thorough knowledge of anglo-american cataloging rules, library o f congress subject headings, marc format ana principles of authority control, database management, internet and www. m ust have experience w ith oclc cataloging. excellent com m unication skills in both english and spanish. a b ility to use technology to accomplish technical services tasks. a bility to w ork and participate actively in a team environment. salary: $32,703 $40,614 (commensurate w ith experience). to apply: send resume and cover letter by june 15,2001 to: ļose dejesus, a d m in istra tive u n it head, c entro de estudios puertorriquenos, hunter college, 695 park avenue new york, ny 10021. fax: (212) 650-3673,voice: (212) 772-5706; centro website: w h w w .cen u tropr.oīg. city univer hunter college is an aa/ n sity o eo/ada e t f ne e w york mployer and ac r tively seeks i n r › l i n t i n n t łrnm m ír»r⅝πřtoc i i v ł l u n m s n ( n r ih it rw›¢ilinn skills; abilitytodevelopand maintain effective relationships and tocollabo rate with diverse clientele, including state college counterparts; and strong background in academic library reference services and biblio­ graphic instruction. a second master’s degree is desired. commensu­ rate with education and experience. excellent benefit package. review of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled. send letterof application, vita, dossier, and telephone numbers of th ree or more references to: joseph t. mark, academic dean, c a s tle to n s ta te col le ge, castleton, vt05735. equal opportunity employer. director of library. hannah v. mccauley library. ohio university lancaster, invites applications from individuals with vision, enthusiasm, and leadership ability forthe position of library director. the successful candidate will work in acoliegial atmosphere where planning, teamv^ork, and cooperation are emphasized. available: august 1, 2001. salary: $40,000 to $55,000. responsibilities: the library director adminis­ ters a library with a collection of over 90,000 volumes, 370journals, and online resources of the statewide ohiolink system. the direclor is responsible for administering the library, implementing its planning process, supervising four staff members, add ressing the library research needs, and actively participating in bibliographic instruction and refer­ ence. the director will represent the library to campus, local, and regional communities. qualifications: applicants must be service-orientec: and work cooperatively with faculty, administration, staff, and students to http://www.centropr.org http://www.mdcc.edu c&rl news ■ may 2 0 0 1 1557 princetonuniversity general and humanities reference librarian available: immediately. the princeton university library’s general collections include about six million printed volumes, as well as significant numbers of microforms, scores and records, electronic databases, and journals. the library employs approximately 320 professional and support staff workers, as well as a large student and hourly workforce. library operations are divided among 15 sites on campus, including a large central library. more information may be found at the library’s web site: http ://lib w e b .princeton.edu:2003/. description: princeton university library is seeking an energetic and innovative reference librarian who is accustomed to working in a fast-paced research environment, and who will participate with six other librarians in providing general and humanities reference information services to all members of the princeton university community. duties and responsibilities:the responsibilitiesofthegeneral and humanities reference librarian include assisting students, faculty, and visiting scholars in the design and implementation of library research projects. duties also consist of planning and engaging in various proactive liaison and outreach initiatives for one or more academic departments, offering course-related instruction at all levels, consulting with users one-on-one on their research needs, teaching specialized research techniques, and interpreting complex bibliographic records. other responsibilities include serving as a selector and collecting for a humanities subject area such as philosophy, theater, and/or film studies; creating and updating selected web pages; and overseeing the library’s electronic “ask a reference question” service. evening and weekend work is required. reports to the head of the general and humanities reference division. qualifications: requires an mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent combination of education and professional experience. demonstrated ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writing. demonstrated ability to work independently and as a team member, and to deal with complex problems under pressure. requires a subject background in the humanities, working knowledge of at least one foreign language, and demonstrated proficiency with general and humanities electronic databases, both bibliographic and full text; internet interfaces and their applications to reference and research; rlin and oclc searching. familiarity with current library digital projects and trends in scholarly communications is highly desirable. a successful record of recent reference experience in an academic or research library, and the proven ability to adapt and employ emerging technologies for delivering information services are strongly preferred. benefits: twenty-four (24) vacation days a year, plus eleven (11) paid holidays. medical and other benefits. salary and rank: librarian i or ii, depending upon qualifications and experience. nominations and applications: applications will be accepted immediately and will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. candidates should submit a letter of application, a résumé, and the names, titles, and phone numbers of three professional references. nominations and applications should be submitted to the following address for consideration: search committee for general and humanities reference librarian c/o lila daum fredenburg human resources librarian pri nceton university library one washington road princeton, nj 08544-2098 princeton university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. http://libweb 5 5 8 /c&rl news ■ m ay 2001 electronic resources/serials acquisitions librarian george washington university appointment rank and salary: appointment at the rank of librarian m/librarian iii. minimum salary: librarian ii, $36,500; librarian iii $41,600. rank and salary depend upon qualifications and experience. responsibilities: the gelman library is seeking a creative and enthusiastic individual to lead the library in all aspects of serials operations, including identification of vendors, licensing, acquisition, fiscal control, cataloging/access, and record maintenance of serials in all formats. the position reports to the head, acquisitions, and provides assistance in general department leadership, staff development, and training; serves as acting head of the department in the absence of the department head; serves on library and consortial committees as designated; and works in ateam environment with such teams as electronic resources and collection development. qualifications required; ala-accreditedmls; minimum of two years’ post-mls serials acquisitions, serials cataloging, and/or electronic resources experience in an academic or research library; ability to foster teamwork among all levels of staff; evidence of innovative application of cataloging principles to enhance public access; evidence of a commitmentto maintain knowledge of developments in serials management and ability to apply this knowledge in the planning, evaluation, and implementation of new services; experience with an integrated online library system and a major bibliographic utility; demonstrated supervisory and leadership skills, including strong and effective training and problem­ solving skills; ability to work in a team environment; and excellent oral and written communication skills. qualifications preferred: demonstrated familiarity with, orskills in, dublin core, metadata, xml, corc, or other web skills; experience in negotiating contracts and licenses for electronic journals with vendors and aggregators and knowledge of copyright and its impact on electronic journals and resources; experience with endeavor’s voyagerand oclc; knowledge and use of ms excel and access; knowledge of, or experience in, government documents processing; and reading knowledge of foreign language(s). reviewof applications: review of applications will begin may30,2001,and continue untilthe position is filled. for full description, please see our web site at: www.gwu.edu/gelman/employment/. please send current résumé and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: emmamosby manager, the gelman library systems administrative services office thegeorge washington university the gelman library, room 201 2130 h street, nw washington, dc 20052 the george washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. make the libraryawelcoming place and to keep it central to the academic mission of the campus. an m ls deg ree from an ala-accred¡ted institu­ tion and a minimumoffive years of experience in an academic library are required. a second master's degree is helpful. applicants must have experience with and knowledge of information technologies and auto­ mated library systems, technological issues facing academic librar­ ies, distance learning, reference sources and services, and instruc­ tional media services. the a bility to manage the campus library operation, including its budget, is critical. excellent interpersonal and communication skills, successful administrative experience, andacoop erative team management approach are preferred. general information: ohio university-lancaster, is a regional campus of ohio university (ath­ ens, ohio) with an enrollment of 1,700 students and a staff of 103. it offers selected associate's, bachelor's, and master's degree programs. the cam pus lies within the historic city of lancaster and is a 30 minute drive from columbus. other information; qualified applicants should submit acover letter, résumé, and the names, addresses.and phone num bers of three references. a pplications m ust be post­ marked by may 18,2001, and addressed to: library search committee, c/o carolyn bateson, o h io u n iv e rs ity -l a n c a s te r, 1570 granville pike, lancaster, oh 43130. visit: http://www.ohiou.edu/lancaster/. ohio university-lancaster, is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. electronic resources librarian.theeugenemcdermott library at the university of texas at dallas is accepting applications for an electronic resources librarian. responsibilities include reviewing li­ cense terms, maintaining an online file of license agreements, monitor­ ing the update of changing holdings, updating and maintaining links to electronic materials, collecting and organizing usage data, as well as planning and implementing electronic initiatives in support of distance education. the position requ iresa master’s degree from an ala-accred­ ited institution. proven experience with electronic resources, problem­ solving skills for initiating strategic plans and executing projects, and a working knowledge of windows-compatible hardware, software operating systems, ms access, oracle, html, and xml. minimum salary: $35,000. twelve-month administrative/ professional appointment. benefits in­ clude medical, dental, and life insurance, a variety of optional retirement programs, and holiday, vacation, and sick leave. to ensure full consid­ eration, the com m ittee must receive applications by may 1, 2001. please send a letter of appl ication, a résumé, and three professional references to: search #8102, u n iv e r s ity o l t e x a s at d a lla s, p.o.box 830688 m/s ad 23, richardson, tx 75083-0688. government information/micro forms coordinator. (assis­ tant librarian rank, tenure-track position) louisiana state university libraries seeks a service-oriented, innovative, and enthusiastic librarian http://www.gwu.edu/gelman/employment/ http://www.ohiou.edu/lancaster/ c&rl news ■ may 2001 / 559 distance education librarian california state university, sacramento california state university, sacramento invites applications for a 12-month, tenure-track distance education librarian. we are seeking a librarian to develop, provide, and oversee library services in support of our growing distance and distributed education programs. this position requires a creative, dynamic leader who enjoys the challenge of working in a rapidly changing technological environment. minimum qualifications: mls or equivalent degree from an ala-accredited program, or equivalent international degree; relevant professional experience in an academic library; experience in program development, promotion, and implementation; experience with instructional design and a wide variety of instructional technologies such as advanced web applications, course management software, presentation software, and other electronic resources; familiarity with issues and trends in distance education; excellent written and oral communication skills, including public presentations; successful experience as a team leader and member in a collaborative environment; and excellent interpersonal skills and ability to work effectively within a culturally diverse environment. preferred qualifications: experience planning and delivering library services to distance learners; professional reference experience; experience in planning, budgeting, and assessment; familiarity with a foreign language; and an advanced subject degree. for a complete position description, see: www.csus.edu/fas/libindex.htm. appointment/salary: a 12-month, tenure-track faculty position at the senior assistant rank ($48,156-$60,852) or associate librarian ($55,380-$77,028), depending upon credentials and experience. csus has an attractive retirement and benefits program. send a letterof application, résumé, and the names, addresses, phone numbers, and e-mail addresses of four professional references to: tamara frosttrujillo associate dean in charge california state university, sacramento 2000 state university drive east sacramento, ca 95819-6039 applications received by may 24, 2001, will receive first consideration. position open until filled. csus is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. www.lib.csus.edu to manage and direct the activities of the government documents/ microforms col lections and services and serve as the regional librarian forthe federal depository library program. fora detailed description of the position, goto: http://www.iib.isu.edu/lib/jobs/index.html. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; two years’ experience with govern­ ment information; reference experience in an academic setting; knowl­ edge of federal depository guidelines and practices; knowledge of print, electronic, and internet government information resources; knowledge of microcomputerapplicaiions;abilitytocreatewebdocuments;abilityto work well with colleagues and diverse clientele; excellent oral and written communication skills; demonstrated ability to meet requirements for tenure and promotion; and supervisory ability. preferred qualifications: instruction experience with government information; supervisory experi­ ence. salary minimum: $42,000, dependent upon qualifications. send letter of application and résumé with names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: caroline wire, 295 middleton library, louisiana s tate u n iv e rs ity , baton rouge, la70803. closing date: may 31, 2001, or until candidate is selected. ref. #000290. h ead o f cataloging. {search extended) sam houston state university seeks a head of cataloging to join a collegial work environment of 16 librarians and 27 staff. our scenic campus of 12,000 students is located 50 minutes north of houston in huntsville, texas, recently named a “dream town” by demographics daily. duties: provides leadership to create effective access to collection resources; coordinates and evalu­ ates cataloging activities; supervises 3.5 fte staff; identifies and resolves database problems; performs complex searching and original cataloging; participates in weekend reference rotation; contributes to a collaborative work environment as part of the technical services managementgroup; reports to the assistant director for technical/collection services. required: ala-accredited master’s degree; cataloging experience in an academic or public i ibrary with an integrated library system using oclc or other national bibliographic utility; knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, and marc formats. desirable: experience with various bibliographicformats; supervisory/management experience; computer skills; knowledge of authority control, cataloging trends, and national initiatives; and an additional advanced degree, this is a 12-month, tenure track position with faculty rank and status. rank and salary commensu­ rate with experience and qualifications. salary negotiable; minimum $35,000 with generous benefits package. applications will be accepted until the position ¡sfiiied. send a letter addressing qualifications, contact information for three references, and vita to: janice lange, assistant director, newton gresham library, shsu, box2281, huntsville, texas 77341-2281. sam h o u sto n state u n iv e rs ity is an eeo/aap employer. head ofcataloging.the flora lamson hewlett library of the graduate theological union seeks a full-time (37.5 hours perweek) head of catalog­ ing. the graduatetheological union library is one of the largest theologi­ cal libraries in the united states. it is the common library for a consortium of nine theological seminaries and eleven centers and institutes. students and faculty a t gtu engage in theological education and preparation for ministry in an environment of ecumenical and inter-religious dialogue. the collection consists of approximately 410,000 titles, 10 percent of which require retrospectiveconversion. approximately5,000—7,000titles are added to the collection each year. responsibilities: perform original and copy cataloging of materials in all formats (especially materials in lan­ guages otherthan english); train and supervise other catalogers (2.5 fte plus temporary assistants), overseethe quality of their work, and assure thatdepartmental goalsaremet; provide expert assistance regarding the application of cataloging rules and procedures; responsible for heading reports and authority control; oversight of cataloging and physical pro­ cessing workflows; plan coordination of retrospectiveconversion projects; and other duties as assigned. the head of cataloging reports to the library director and serveson the library managementteam. appointhttp://www.csus.edu/fas/libindex.htm http://www.lib.csus.edu http://www.lib.lsu.edu/lib/jobs/index.html 5 6 0 1 c&rl news ■ m ay 2001 dean and director of the university library our lady of the lake university our lady of the lake university is a comprehensive, hispanic serving institution sponsored by the congregation of divine providence and located in san antonio, texas, with sites in houston and dallas. we offer a full range of degree programs through the doctorate to over 3,500 students in both traditional and weekend formats. the sister elizabeth anne sueltenfuss library, a new facility dedicated in september 2000, is a three-level building of 55,000 square feet. it contains the largest part of a collection of almost 160,000 volumes of books and periodicals, plus sizable holdings of electronic and media resources and microforms. the library also contains a language/multimedia lab, a computer lab, an information skills lab, a teaching learning technology center, and several electronic classrooms. the library utilizes the sirsi library information system, and is a full participatory member of the texshare program. the dean and director of the university library reports directly to the provost. the dean is responsible forthe management of all library operations, including personnel, budget, policy formation, collections, services, and facilities; library support for the university’s teaching, research, service, and outreach missions; leadership in the library’s involvement in state, regional, and national forums and cooperative efforts; and leadership in the integration of new information technologies with traditional materials and services in fulfilling the library’s mission. for a complete job description, see our web site at: www.ollusa.edu; or call (210) 431-3905. review of applications will begin on march 30,2001, and continue until the position is filled. the position will begin september 1, 2001. to be considered, please submit a current résumé, a statement of understanding of the role of the library in an institution such as ollu, and names and telephone numbers of at least four references, to: kaygarsnett chair of the search committee our lady of the lake university 411 s.w. 24th street san antonio, tx 78207 materials may also be submitted by e-mail to: garsk@lake.ollusa.edu. ollu iscommitted to the values of catholic higher education and is an equal opportunity employer. the university is committed to diversity and strongly encourages applications from women and minorities. ment expected at associate librarian rank, salary range beginning at $36,000, depending on qualifications. required qualifications: ala accredited mls degree. minimum of three years' experience in an aca­ demic library performing original and copy cataloging; experience using aacr2, usmarc, lcsh, lcclassification. candidate should have good experience using oclc and innovative interfaces systems; knowledge of at least one foreign language required (german and one romance language preferred); demonstrated oral and written communication skills. pre­ ferred qualifications: supervisory andtrain¡ng experience; experience with retrospectiveconversion projects; experience using catalog utilities in a networked environment; knowledge of religious ortheolog¡cal literature and references. applications: applications received by june 1,2001, will receive priority consideration.to apply, please sendaletterof application, résumé, and the names, addresses, phone numbers, and e-mail ad­ dresses (if available) of three professional referencesto: bonnie hardwick, library director, graduate t he ological union, 2400 ridgeroad, berkeley, ca 94709. library web site: http://www.gtu.edu/library/. the gtu is an equal opportunity employer. head, reference/documentsservices. university at arkansas at little rock, ottenheimer library. ualr invites applications forthe posi­ tion of head, reference/documents services, afacuity appointment with rank, leading to tenure. thesuccessful candidate mustdemonstrate skill in both reference and instructional services and show evidence of strong commitmentto patron support. responsibilities include: managing the library's reference, documents, interlibrary loan, and instructional units; planning organizing, and promoting the use of collections and services; and supervising a ref ere nee team o f five professional sand two interlibrary loan paraprofessionals. position reports to the li­ brary director. requirements: ala-accredited mlsdegreeplus rnini m urn of five years’ reference experience in academic libraries; strong management and decision-m aking skills; dem onstrated fam iliarity with information services technology; proven effectiveness in infor­ mation literacy planning; instruction experience; and strong service orientation andcollegíality. preferred: second graduate degree; expe­ rience with innovative interface integrated library system; dem on­ strated knowledge of html, web page design, and advanced web searching. minimum salary: $40,000 fo r 12-month appointm ent with tiaa-cref, standard life and medical/dental insurance. posi­ tion available immediately. review of applications will begin may 1, 2001, and w ill continue until the position is filled. send letter of application, a detailed résumé, transcripts, a ndthe names of three referencesto: bill traylor, chair, search committee, ottenheim er library, u n iv e r s it y o f a r k a n s a s l i t t le r o c k , 2801 s. university avenue, little rock, ar 72204. ualr serves acam pus population of 11,000 students with a faculty of over 400. the institution offers degrees a tth e associate through the phd level. for more informa­ tion about ualr and the ottenheim er library, v isit the campus http://www.ollusa.edu mailto:garsk@lake.ollusa.edu http://www.gtu.edu/library/ c&rl news ■ m ay 20011561 two positions available george mason university sciences reference and instruction liaison librarian prince william campus library responsibilities include providing general reference service (including evenings and weekend rotation); liaison services to the school of computational sciences, biomedical sciences, and the american type culture collection (an affiliate organization); designing web-based information resources; assisting patrons with electronic resources; and developing collections. minimum one day per week may be assigned to other campus library sites. position reports to head, prince william campus library. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls or ala-recognized foreign equivalent; knowledge of electronic information resources in a networked environment; and previous academic library experience. preferred: advanced subject degree in appropriate discipline or demonstrated knowledge in the sciences; reference experience; and experience in collection development, instruction, and electronic reference sources. salary: competitive and commensurate with qualifications and experience. review of applications will begin may 15, 2001. electronic resources and arlington campus liaison librarian this new position reports jointly to the head, collection development, for systemwide electronic resou rces acquisition activities and to the head, arlington campus library, for site-specific reference, instruction, and collection development responsibilities. this position is assigned to the arlington campus library; however, duty assignments are split between the fairfax and arlington campuses. under the direction of the head, collection development, the incumbent administers all trials for electronic resources and provides and coordinates feedback from subject specialist librarians. also, will be developing, reviewing, and evaluating the libraries electronic resources. facilitates integrated access to all electronic resources. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls or ala-recognized foreign equivalent; experience with electronic resources and their management; knowledge of electronic academic publishing; and demonstrated ability to coordinate peer responsibilities in a nonsupervisory environment. salary: competitive and commensurate with qualifications and experience. review of applications will begin may 30, 2001. other specific requirements for each of the positions are available by visiting “employment opportu­ nities” on the gmu libraries’ web site: http://library.gmu.edu/. appointment: twelve-month professional faculty appointment. excellentbenefits: health plan options and paid life insurance; several retirement plans, including tiaa-cref; 24 vacation days and 11 paid holidays; and tuition waiver for self. application: send letterof application, résumé, and names, addresses (including e-mail), and phone numbers of three current references to: chair, ‹position t¡tle›search committee library administration, msn 2fl george mason university fairfax, va 22030-4444 george mason university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. minorities are encouraged to apply. homepage at http://www.ualr.edu. the university of arkansas at little rock ¡saneeo, affirmative action, ada employer. under arkansaslaw, all applications aresubjectto disclosure. instruction coordinatorädutr each librarian.lewis-c⅛kstate college invites applications for the position of instruction coordinator/ outreach librarian. the instruction coordinator/outreach librarian is responsibleforthe development, organization, marketing, implementa­ tion, and oversight of the library instruction program and outreach sen/ices. additional duties include marketing of all library resources and services, participation in the library’s consortium training, providing reference service, participating in collection development, and participat­ ing i n academic governance. this position reports di rectly to the director of l¡brary.thecollege offersfour-yearandtwo-yeardegrees and technical certificate programs. current enrollment is approximately 3,000 stu­ dents with outreach programs in a variety of fields. minimum qualifica­ tions: al^-accredited mls or equivalent, strong teaching skills, enthusi­ astic public service orientation, excellent communication and presenta­ tion skills, knowledge of collection development principles, a willingness to work with colleagues, and possession of good organizational skills. employrnentto start august 1,2001. salary and rank based on experi­ ence and qualifications, minimum $31 ,000. please send résumé, cover letter, and the names, addresses, and phone numberof three references to: sue niewenhous, search chair, head of public services, lewis clark http://library.gmu.edu/ http://www.ualr.edu 5 6 2 /c&rl news m a y 2001 ■ director of library and media services university of alaska southeast egan library at uas, juneau campus, seeks a director to provide leadership fo r a m anagem ent team of four librarians, a media services m anager, and 10 support staff. the director develops, promotes, and carries out strategic plans for library services and multimedia support of instructional program s in a distributed learning environment. r epresents uas in the u niversity of alaska system, professional organizations, and consortia, facilitating cooperative efforts. the ideal candidate has significant library m anagem ent experience, a strong technological background, and an mls from an ala-accredited institution. offers recent experience with autom ated library and multim edia system s. u nderstands current issues in academ ic libraries and undergraduate education. participates in professional organizations. presents a strong record of teaching, scholarship, and service. uas cam puses in juneau, sitka, and ketchikan serve 600 full-tim e and 2,500 part-tim e students. the juneau cam pus is situated within view of m ountain peaks, glaciers, and the inside passage. a laska’s spectacular capital city, juneau, offers numerous cultural and recreational opportunities w ithout big-city hassles. com petitive salary based on experience and qualifications; excellent benefits package. to apply: send letter of application, curriculum vita, uaapplication, copies of educational transcripts, and contact inform ation for three references to: personnel u niversity of alaska southeast 11120 glacier highway juneau, ak 99801-8675 telephone: (907) 465-6263 review of applications will continue until position is filled; starting date negotiable. application form, com plete job description, and additional cam pus inform ation available at: h ttp ://w w w .u a s .a la s k a .e d u / uas is an affirmative action, equal em ploym ent opportunity em ployer an d educational institution. state college library, 500 8th avenue, lewiston, id 83501. review of applications begins may 10,2001. lcsc isa n affirm ative action, equal opportunity employer. instruction/electronicservices librarian. hollins universrty. reports to: d irector, library system s and technical services. duties: rhisfull-tim e, entry-level position provides library instruction services as part ofthe development o fthe applied research com ponent of adynam ic new general education program at hollins. working with individual faculty and th e ir course syllabi, the incum bentw ill use blackboard to develop parallel courses in research techniques using current electronic, print, and other sources. s/he will be a fu ll participant in providing reference services to the students, faculty, and staff of hollins university. some night and weekend w ork expected. will w ork closely with all library staff, particularly those ¡notherpubl¡cservice areas (reference, circulation, and special collections). this person will also manage interlibrary loan services, troubleshoot library pc and softw are problem s, coordinate electronic resources, and maintain the library portion o fth e hollins web site and intranet (cam pus pipeline). required qualifications: ala-ac sred¡ted mls degree and a bachelor of arts in a liberal arts discipline; library instruction experienceorcourse work; strong writtencom munica lion and presentation skills; and experience with w eb page design and maintenance, electronic databases, and library technology applications. preferredqualifications: experience in academic library interlibrary loans, reference and/or bibliographic instruction as well as supervisory experi­ ence, particularly of studentworkers. preferred candidates will possess strong oral com m unication skills and a dem onstrated com m itm ent to undergraduate liberal arts education. also desired are a high level of energy, flexibility, creativity, and an eagerness to participate fully in the daily life of a liberal arts college library and com munity. com pensation: salary com m ensurate with qualifications and experience. environment: hollins university is a selective collegefċ›r wom en, established in 184 2, with a strong com m itm ent to the liberal arts and sciences. locateα on a 475-acre cam pus in roanoke, hollins is close to the blue ridge and allegheny mountain ranges, state parks, and the appalachian trail. tine w yn d ha m r ob e rtso n lib ra ry w a s co m p le te d and o c cu p ie d in sp rin g 1999 a t a c o s t o f $14 .5 m illion . it s e rve s 9 00 u n d e rg ra d u a te and 250 g ra d u a te stu d e n ts . f o r m ore info rm a tio n on h o llin s a nd th e library, see: http://www.hollins.edu. to apply: send résumé, coverlettor, and names of three current referencesto: diane j. graves, dean of library and information services, hollins university, p.o. box9000, roanoke, va 24020-1000. deadline fo r applications: m ay 15, 2001. periodicals librarian. john carroll university'sgrasselli library and breen leaning c enter is seeking an experienced professional periodicals librarian to coordinate the overall operation o fth e serials function within the library in consultation with the coordinator of services and the coordi natorof collections. this includes day-to-day functioningoftheoperatioπs and the long-range planning and implementation of goals and objectives. s/ he will supervise the periodicals staff, including 2.5 fte staff plus student assistants. in addition, this candidate will participate in providing biblio­ graphic instruction to the john carroll com m unity and serve two hours per w eek at the reference desk. s/he will also participate in the library instruction program for first-year students. participation in the library liaison program, providing service and library instruction to at least one academic department on campus, is required. the candidate should relate well to colleagues, students, and staff in a m edium -sized liberal arts college and m ust display excellent oral and written com m unication skills. tenure requirements must be completed by october of the sixth academic year. rankand compensation: level and salary based on qualificationsand http://www.uas.alaska.edu/ http://www.hollins.edu c&rl news ■ may 2001 / 563 science liaison/ reference librarian denison university denison university libraries invite applications and nominations for a liaison to the sciences/ reference librarian. responsibilities: the reference/science liaison librarian will create and develop customized services in collaboration with science faculty; provide instructional support and teach library instruction classes; promote information literacy initiatives and participate in current information literacy grant activities; provide reference service and participate in activities of the reference team; maintain and create library web pages as needed related to the sciences; identify, evaluate, and provide access to information sources and services; build and manage library collections in assigned subject areas; serve on library, university, and consortial committees; and participate in professional development and service activities. knowledge, skills andabiliti es: required: ala-accredited mls; either an undergraduate or graduate degree in a science field or significant experience in science librarianship; teaching or instructional experience at the academic level; familiarity with science research skills; demonstrated knowledge of and enthusiasm about the integration of new technologies into the delivery of information services; strong commitment to user focused sen/ice; demonstrated flexibility, initiative, and ability to adapt and work creatively in a challenging and rapidly changing environment; and desktop computing skills including experience with html, multimedia, and instructional technologies. preferred: undergraduate or graduate degree in a science field; second master’s degree; and experience in a wide range of library functions. salary and benefits: a competitive salary package commensurate with qualifications and experience and full benefits are offered for this 12-month appointment. toapply: candidates should send a letter of application, résumé, and the names, addresses, phone numbers, and e-mail addresses of three references who can address the candidate’s suitability for this position. although applications will be accepted until the position is filled, those submitted by may 30, 2001, are best assured of receiving full consideration. application materials should be sent to: susan d. scott chairof librarian search committee denison university library granville, oh 43023 questions may be addressed to scott @denison.edu. denison university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. minorities and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. experience. tenure-track, academic year contract with additional remu­ neration for summer work. qualifications; required: mlsfrom an ala accredited library school; second advanced degree in an academic disci­ pline; experience with an integrated library system; library experience, preferably in periodicals; some supervisory experience; excellent interper­ sonal .communication, and organizational skills. john carroll university, a catholic and jesuit university, is an equal employment opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. send application letterand résumé, and have three references sent to the address below. official transcripts for all graduate work must be received by the university before an interview. preference will be given to applications received before may 15,2001. gorman l. duffett, director, grasselli library and learning center, jo h n c a rro ll u n iv e rs ity , 20700 north park boulevard, university heights, oh 44118. public service lib r a r ia n . western connecticut state university (wcsu) is seeking qualified applicants for a tenure-track position in the ruth haas library. interested candidates should send letter of application and résuméto: vijaynair, chair, library faculty search committee, ruth haas library, wcsu, 181 white street, danbury, ct 06810. applica­ tions received before may 15, 2001, will receive first consideration. responsibilities include: providing bibliographic instruction, assistance with collection development, and other necessary services to several academ¡cdepartments including education and nursing; developing and maintaining the curriculum and the children's/juvenile collections; providing approximately 13 hours (including one evening) per week of sen/ice atthe reference desk; participating in the sunday reference desk rotation; and maintaining some sections of the library's web page. qualifications: candidates must possess an mlsfrom an ala-accred­ ited program. it is preferred that the candidates have post-mls experi­ ence in general reference and collection development in an academic library, experience in undergraduate and graduate bibliographic instruc­ tion (especial ly in education and nursing), and experience in develop­ ing and maintaining web pages. minimum salary: $40,866. w e s t­ e rn c o n n e c t ic u t s ta te u n iv e r s it y is an affirmative action, equal opportunity educator and employer. reference libr arian . available july 1,2001. reportingto the assis­ tant director, this position participates extensively in reference service, library instruction, liaison to faculty, and materials selection. entry-level faculty position, 11-month contract. required qualifications: master’s degree from an ala-accredited program; knowledge of database and 564 / c&rl news ■ m ay 2001 two positions available the university of arizona the university of arizona library seeks professionals to join its team-based, innovative, flexible, user oriented organization. the library is committed to continuous learning, increasing client self-sufficiency, fostering diversity in the campus environment, and furthering its own cultural transmission, educa­ tional, and preservation roles. applicants are sought for the following positions: assistant/associate librarian, set (job number 20373) a librarian with strong background in the physical sciences is preferred, with an emphasis in mathematics, life sciences, or agriculture, or experience in a library serving users in these disciplines. services and activities include in-depth information/research consultation; instruction in effective information literacy strategies; identification and selection of information resources appropriate to user needs; participation in efforts to increase local, regional, national, and international information access; exploration and development of new knowledge/information management tools; and formation of effective partnerships to meet user needs. associate librarian, technical services team (job number 19875) successful candidate will lead, coach, and mentor the cataloging work team and collaborate with other teams or individuals in the identification, evaluation, and selection of providers of information resources and technical services. the selected candidate will also provide leadership at the team and the librarywide level through the understanding, communication, and application ofthe library’s values, vision, and strategic directions. serves as a key liaison and communicator of the cataloging work team issues to and from other library teams and customers. requirements: (job numbers 20373 and 19875): a master’s degree in library/information science (mls) from an ala-accredited institution. for complete requirements, duties, responsibilities, and qualifications, please visit the ua web site at: www.hr.arizona.edu. the salary range for job number 20373 is $40,300-$51,390. the salary for job number 19875 is $51,390. to apply, send a letter of interest citing position title/job number, current résumé, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three professional references to: martina johansen the university of arizona library 1510 east un iversity boulevard, room c327 p.o. box 210055 tucson, az 85721-0055 fax: (520) 626-7715 you may also send e-mail inquiries to: hendricksongθu.library.arizona.edu. review of application materials begins may 7 , 2001, for job number 20373 and may 21,2001, for job number 19875, and will continue until the positions are filled. a complete job description will be sent upon receipt of letter of interest. the university of arizona is an eeo/aa employer-man/d/v. internet searching and windows applications. reference and teaching experience preferred. flexible scheduling, some evening and weekend hours required. salary commensurate with background and experience. excellent fringe benefits program including tuition remission, tiaa-cref, or alternate retirement plan (reference code rlib). send letter of application, including salary requirements, résumé, and names, ad­ dresses, and telephone numbers of three professional references to: department of human resources, b ergen c o m m u n ity c o lle ge, 400 paramus road, paramus, nj 07652-1595. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. applications will be accepted until the position is filled, for more information about the library, see the library’s web site: www.bergen.cc.nj.us/library. reference librarian. sam houston state university is seeking inno­ vative and enthusiastic applicants who are interested in providing general and specialized reference services for library users, applying new tech­ nologies to reference sen/ices, participating in user-centered, subject specific instruction through general orientation sessions, course inte­ grated instruction, and web-based tutorials. our campus of 12,000 students is located 50 minutes north of houston in huntsville, texas, recently named a “dream town” by demographics dailyě this tenure-track position provides reference assistance, one evening per week and rotating weekend hours; participates in collection development. a degree in busi­ ness orthe social sciences is preferred, as well as knowledge of web page and presentation software. an ala-accredited master’s degree is re­ quired. salary dependent on qualifications; minimum salary is $31,500. applications will be reviewed and accepted until the position is filled. send cover letter with current résumé and the names, addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses of three professional refer­ ences to: ann holder, newton gresham library, sam houston state u n iv e rs ity , huntsville, tx 77341-2281. the library’s home page is http://www.shsu.edu/~lib_www. shsu is an eeo/aap employer. reference/digital access assistant librarian. (faculty rank) full-time, tenure-track. duties: provide general reference and biblio­ graphic instruction service. work with university information systems personnel and digital resource vendors to establish and manage reliable access to library’s digital resources, and to prevent, troubleshoot, and recover from access interruptions. assure compatibility of university/ library systems with desirable digital resources in acquisition/develop­ ment phase. work with faculty to provide excellent library resources and services. required: ala-accredited mls degree; reference experience; http://www.hr.arizona.edu mailto:hendricksong@u.iibrary.arizona.edu http://www.bergen.cc.nj.us/library http://www.shsu.edu/~lib_www c&rl news ■ may 20011565 library director united states military academy (search extended) the united states military academy was established in 1802. it is the only college specifically charged with preparing young men and women for service as officers in the united states army. as such, it has a singular educational philosophy of graduating enlightened military leaders of strong moral courage whose minds are creative, critical, and resourceful. located just 50 miles north of new york city, this prestigious institution is nestled in the beautiful hudson river valley. for more information on the military academy, visit our web site at www.usma.edu. the military academy is the army’s premier education institution and has much in common with the best undergraduate institutions in the nation, graduating four rhodes scholars last year alone. the student body consists of 4,000 men and women representing every state and several foreign countries. the military academy faculty is an integrated group of military and civilian educators. in addition to a core curriculum of academic and professional courses, majors are offered in over20 fields. the usma library has a collection of over 500,000 volumes, significant web-based resources, and astaff of 45full-time employees. the library maintains an innovative interfaces integrated library system that supports the online catalog and circulation system, serials, and acquisition functions. the library system is accessible to faculty and students through the academy network. the military academy is planning a major expansion and modernization of the library in the next 10 years. the librarian, usma, reports through the vice dean for education to the dean ofthe academic board and is directly responsibleforadministration of all library operations. the librarian will hold an academic rank commensurate with his/her credentials and experience and also will serve on academic and administrative committees. candidates for this position will be evaluated against the following factors: (i) an advanced degree (mls degree) from an ala-accredited institution in library sciences; adoctorate or equivalent degree is highly desirable, (ii) a minimum of 10 years of professional library experience in an academic library including five years of proven administrative and managerial experience in long range planning, resource allocation, and personnel development is required, (iii) experience in college level teaching and facilities design and management is highly desirable. the successful candidate will support an active, student-centered library program that includes a strong emphasis on information literacy and other initiatives to encourage effective use of information resources, (iv) thorough understanding of the role of technology in undergraduate education. dynamic leadership, superior communication skills and a demonstrated dedication to student and faculty service are essential. the successful candidate will assume his/her duties in the june/july time frame. salary is commensurate with experience. t obe considered for the position, please send curriculum vitae, résumé, letter of application, a list of three references (letters of recommendation will be asked for at a later date), and a dd214 (if claiming veteran's preference) to: office ofthe dean united states military academy building 600 attn: katie hauserman west point, ny 10996-5000 for additional questions, contact (845) 938-6316 (dsn 688-6316); fax: (845) 938-5438; or e-mail: zk7069@usma.edu. all applications must be received by may 25, 2001. these positions are not restricted to u.s. citizens, but noncitizens cannot be hired if qualified u.s. citizens are available. the united states military academy is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. strong ¡nterestand ability in information systems and networked environ­ ments; experience evaluating and using a variety of print and electronic resources; extensive knowledgeof computerapplicat¡ons; excellent com­ munication skills; strong commitment to service and teamwork; and ability to work independently. preferred: successful experience managing networks, servers, and related equipment, including knowledge of network and server protocols, parameters, configurations, etc.; knowledge of current practices in electronic access to information; experience install­ ing and maintaining digital resources; knowledge of standard electronic resource licensing practices and terms; and library instruction experi­ ence. salary and benefits: commensurate with education and experience. to apply: submit a résumé and the names, add resses, telephone num­ bers, and e-mail addresses of three professional references to: terry webb, dean, guggenheim library, m o n m o u th u n iv e rs ity , west long branch, nj 07764-1898. position available: july 1, 2001. review of applications will begin immediately and will continue until position is filled. inquiries: (732) 571-4401 ore-mail:twebb@monmouth.edu. monmouth university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. http://www.usma.edu mailto:zk7069@usma.edu mailto:twebb@monmouth.edu 5 6 6 /c &rl n ews • m a y 2001 head, research, reference, and collections doe/m offitt libraries librarian l-v $63,840 $88,404 per annum, based upon qualifications, plus administrative stipend the university of california, berkeley seeks a dynamic librarian with energy, experience, and enthusiasm to lead the newly configured research, reference, and collections department within the d oe/m offitt libraries, the primary libraries for humanities, social sciences, and undergraduate services on the berkeley campus. uc berkeley's lib ra ry is a major research center of international prominence. it has a user population of 23,000 undergraduates, 9,000 graduate students, and 1,500 faculty. the collection includes over 9 million volumes, 56,000 current serial titles, 11,000 videos and dvds, and access to more than 200 electronic databases and 4000 e-journals. the uc berkeley library system includes the d oe/m offitl libraries ,the bancroft library, the east asian library and 20 subject specially libraries. it has a budget of $50 million, and employs 440 full-time staff and more than 600 part-tim e students. the d oe/m offitt libraries have a collection that totals 1.8 million volumes shelved onsite in the gardner slocks and in the m o ffitt undergraduate library, and 2.8 million volumes stored at a remote storage facility. the d oe/m offitt libraries are organized under the direction of the associate university librarian and director of d oe/m offitt into four administrative departments: circulation services; interlibrary services; instructional services; and research, reference, and collections. after assessing existing library collections and services, the uc berkeley library recently hired an associate university librarian and director of d oe/m offitt to lead the renewal effort for d oe/m offitt. the library now seeks o librarian with reference, collection development, and managerial expertise to provide creative leadership for the new research, reference, and collections department. the research, reference, and collections department nas 34 permanent staff, including 19 librarians, who are responsible for: building the print and electronic collections for doe and m offitt; providing reference services at two service points and in a variety of other forms; engaging in library instruction activities; and serving as liaisons io more than 58 academic departments, centers, and programs on campus. the research, reference, and collections department is also responsible for the administration of: the morrison library, the south/southeast asia library; the periodical, newspaper, and microform room; the government and sodal sciences information service; graduate services; and the rosberg reading room. the recent creation of this department, planned renovation of the public spaces for reference services, and the accelerated growth in the berkeley library collections due to enhanced funding resources w ill offer the incumbent substantial opportunity to exert creativity and grow professionally. responsibilities: reporting to the associate university librarian and director of d oe/m offitl, the successful candidate will be committed to providing outstanding collections and reference, with a commitment to working in a highly collegial environment. the head is charged with leading the staff in the development of a shared vision for reference services, and collection development; overseeing the ongoing implementation and assessment of initiatives that support that vision; analyzing and reshaping rrc's services, policies, and collections in response to the evolving needs of d oe/moffitt's clientele; initialing librarv-wide policy discussions as appropriate; administering the departmental budget, and supervising, directly or indirectly, the activities of its 34 staff members. the incumbent is expected to contribute to the library-wide planning process through participation in the d oe/m offitt unit heads group, the library managers' roundtable, function and subject councils, ad hoc task forces, and other committees as appropriate. qualifications: requires: an accredited graduate degree in librarianship/lnformation studies; at least five years' experience providing reference services and participating in collection development in an academic or research library environment; significant management experience and demonstrated ability to lead and to manage in a collegial manner; experience with computer applications, including electronic information resources, digital library collections, and the internet; experience providing instructional services; demonstrated strong commitment to providing highly responsive public service in a changing environment; ability to promote teamwork and encourage collaboration; demonstrated commitment to mentoring, training, and staff development; evidence of ability to view issues from a library-wide perspective; excellent verbal, written, analytical, and interpersonal skills' and demonstrated ability to work effectively with a diverse population of faculty, staff, student and community members. the successful candidate will also show evidence of professional growth and contribution commensurate with a senior librarian in the uc system. deadline: consideration w ill be given to applications received by june 1, 2001. the library at the university of california, berkeley is committed to the support and encouragement of a multicultural environment and seeks candidates who can make positive and imaginative contributions in a context of ethnic and cultural diversity. librarians at uc are exclusively represented by the university federation o f librarians (aft). this position is not in the bargaining unit and is eligible for an administrative stipend. applicants should apply in writing, including with their letter a complete statement of qualifica­ tions, a full resume of their education and relevant experience, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references who are knowledgeable about their qualifications for this position. send applications to: barbara kornsfein, interim academic personnel coordinator, library human resources department, 447 the library, university af california, berkeley, ca 94720-6000; or fax to: 510-642-8675; or email to: librec@ librory.berκeley.edu the university of california is an equal opportunity affirmative action employer. all trademarks belong to their respective companies. mailto:librec@library.berkeley.edu c&rl news ■ may 2001 / 567 two positions available (systems librarians) head, library information systems department provide leadership, supervision, and management of seven fte department supporting information systems. develop vision and inspiration forthe future, plan for new technology, define procedures, and manage ongoing projects. qualifications: ala-accredited mls oraccredited master’s degree in computer-related discipline required, with at least five years of increasingly progressive responsibilities. salary: $55,000 minimum. librarian for integrated library systems help develop, implement, and maintain web and integrated library systems, with particular emphasis on planning sitesearch and new ils. support notis technical operations, integrating client/server and web interfaces. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or accredited master’s degree in computer-related discipline required. salary: $40,000 minimum. both positions must have the ability to meet requirements for faculty advancement, including professional service and publication. experience working in a culturally diverse environment highly preferred. complete postings and qualifications at: http://www.library.vcu.edu/admin/jobopens.html. vcu is a research library with 1.5 million volumes and an annual budget of $10 million. further information may be found at: http://www.library.vcu.edu. application: letter of application, résumé, and the names and phone numbers for three current references to: teresa doherty vcu libraries virginia commonwealth university p.o. box 842033 richmond, va 23284-2033 review of applications begins june 4, 2001. virginia commonwealth university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution providing access to education and employment without regard to age, race, color, national origin, gender, religion, sexual orientation, veteransstatus, political affiliation, ordisability. reference/governmentdocuments assistant librarian. (faculty rank) full-time, tenure-track. duties: provide general reference and bibliographic instruction service. supervise and maintain federal depository library collection and new jersey documents collection in compl iance with regulations. actively promote use of documents collec­ tions by students and faculty. teach classes and workshops on govern­ ment information resources for library users and staff. required: ala accredited mls degree; reference experience; experience evaluating and using a variety of print and electronic resources; knowledge of computer applications; excellent communication skills; strong commitment to serviceaπdteamwork¡ab¡lìtytoconduct effective iibraryinstruction;and ability to work independently. preferred: knowledge of government infor­ mation resources in all formats; experience in fdl program and practices; library instruction; academic libraries; supervision. salary and benefits: commensurate with education and experience. to apply: submitarésumé and the names, addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses of three professional referencesto: terry webb, dean, guggenheim library, monmouth u niversity, w est long branch, nj 07764-1898. position available july 1,2001. review of applications will begin immediately and will continue until position is filled. inquiries: (732) 571-4401 or e-mail: twebb@monmouth.edu. monmouth university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference/music coordinator. sam houston state university is seeking innovative and enthusiastic applicants who are interested in providing general and specialized reference services for library users, applying new technologies to reference services, participating in user centered, subject-specific instruction through general orientation ses­ sions, course-integrated instruction, and web-based tutorials. our campus of 12,000 students is located 50 minutes north of houston in huntsville, texas, recently named a “dream town” by demographics daily. this tenure-track position provides reference assistance, one evening per week and rotating weekend hours; participates in collection development; oversees the music listening room; and supervises several student assistants. a music degree and job related experience is preferred, as well as knowledge of web page and presentation software. an ala-accredited master’s degree is re­ quired. salary dependent on qualifications; minimum salary is $31,500. applications will be reviewed and accepted until the posi­ tions are filled. send cover letter with current résumé and the names addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses of three pro­ fessional referencesto: ann holder, newton gresham library, s a m h o u s to n s ta te u n iv e r s ity , huntsville, tx 77341-2281 .the library’s home page is: http://www.shsu.edu/-lib_www. shsu is an eeo/ aap employer. http://www.library.vcu.edu/admin/jobopens.html http://www.library.vcu.edu monmouth.edu http://www.shsu.edu/~lib_www 5 6 8 /c&rl news • m ay 2001 special media collections archivist washington university in st. louis the special collections of washington university libraries in st. louis is seeking a talented, dynamic, flexible, service-oriented individual to serve as special media collections archivist. the special collections department is currently made up of three units (rare books, manuscripts, and university archives) and is adding a special media collections unit. under the direction of the head of special collections, the successful candidate will be overseeing the transfer of a major civil rights and democracy film documentary collection to this new unit; in addition, with the head, they will be helping to oversee the creation of the physical facility, the equipping of the unit, and the addition of a full-time assistant. with the head of special collections, the archivist will, on an ongoing basis, plan for the maintenance of the collection and for the addition of new collections. the archivist will also work with the head and with an advisory board on public programs, collaborative opportunities, and other outreach efforts. responsibilities: the archivist is responsible for developing and providing finding aids to all materials housed in the archive; overseeing physical care and conservation ofthe collection; working with faculty, the head, and an advisory group on collection development; ensuring that all users’ needs are met; working with outside production entities for footage requests; overseeing unit budget; and participat­ ing in seeking external funding. also responsible for creating and overseeing an active outreach program to diverse communities, including promoting the use of the collection in teaching and research, active public programming, and web access as appropriate. supervises an archive assistant and graduate and undergraduate student workers. education qualifications: a master’s degree is required, either mls from an ala-accredited school or ma in relevant field such as african-american studies, political science, american history, or film studies; prefer both degrees. knowledge ofthe production process, materials and documentation, formats, and equipment is a necessity. knowledge of archival and preservation practices for film and other media formats; familiarity with civil rights history and film/media copyright issues preferred. experience: minimum of two years’ experience working in afilmormediaarchive, including work in both public service and collection cataloging. experience with production materials required; collection development experience with film archives preferred; supervisory experience preferred. salary and benefits: salary range: $32,500-$41,000. tiaa-cref, 22 days’ vacation, and an excellent benefits package. for full consideration, applicants should send a letter of application, résumé, and the names of three references to: human resources washington university campus box 1178 7425 forsyth boulevard st. louis, mo 63105 position will remain open until filled. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. late job listings .associate dean for public services. illinois state university’s milner library seeks an innovative planner and able facilitator to guide its user programs as a service-focused, teaching library. full-time, 12-month, tenure-track administrative professional position with faculty ran k and tenure. responsibilities: w ithamissionf∞us,wiuhave prim ary responsibility for the planning, development, and delivery of reference, instruction, circulation, reserve, interlibrary loan, and other end-user services, as well as oversight for the development and evaluation of broad-based, relevant print and online collections; supervises and evaluates people, projects, and functions; addresses expanding user needs and expectations, whether onsite or online; addresses expanding user needs and expectations, whether on site or online; c&rl news ■ m ay 2001 / 569 r the st u ate u t niver g sity o e f n e r w jer s sey responsibilities: the c atalo gin g d ep artm e n t of the r utgers university libraries seeks a librarian to join an o u ts ta n d in g g ro u p of te c h n ic a l s e rv ic e s librarians and paraprofessionals. the successful candidate will head a section of 7 paraprofes­ sional staff who are responsible fo r database management of iris, the libraries' integrated information system, including the accuracy and timeliness of bibliographic, holdings, and hyper­ links information; & the oversight of retrospec­ tive conversion, and authority control programs. as new models such as catalog portals and m e ta d a ta s ta n d a rd s are d e v e lo p e d , the candidate will integrate them into existing data­ base m anagem ent activitie s. he/she w ill be responsible fo r original cataloging of dcpm materials. he/she will serve as a liaison to unit libraries and others on specific projects. the s u c c e s s fu l c a n d id a te is e xp e cte d to fu lly participate in the planning, goal-setting, and decision-making of the unit. this position reports to the a s s o c ia te u n iv e rs ity l ib ra ria n fo r technical and automated services. qualifications: a m a s te r’ s degree fro m an ala accredited institution and three years substantial database management, authority control, and/or original cataloging experience. supervisory experience, a thorough knowledge of, and experience working w ith , c u rre n t cataloging standards (aacr2, marc authority format, all marc bibliographic head, database & catalog portal management section rutgers university libraries form ats, lc classification, lcsh), experience with a major bibliographic utility and/or an online integrated library system, and fam ilia rity with d e v e lo p in g c a ta lo g in g s ta n d a rd s , lib ra ry a utom ation, and em erging tec h n o lo g ie s are required. ability to exercise initiative in a changing environment; ability to work independently and as part o f a group in a collegial setting; project leadership; strong oral & written communications s k ills . k no w led ge of fo re ig n lan g ua ge s, cataloging of electronic resources and experience with alternative metadata schemes desirable. salary: minimum salary for a tenure track appointment is $42,987, dependent upon experience and qualifi­ c a tio n s . see the c o m p le te a n n o u n c e m e n t in c lu d in g lib ra ry p ro file on o u r w e b s ite at http://ww w .libraries.rutgers.edu/ under “ news and events” . c a n d id a te s a p p ly in g by m ay 31, 2001 will receive first consideration. candidates may submit resume, cover letter, & names of three re fe re n c e s to : s andra t ro y (app # 1 5 1 ) , libraries personnel officer, rutgers university libraries, 169 college ave., new brunswick, nj 0 8 9 0 1 ; fax: 7 3 2 9 3 2 -7 6 3 7 ; e -m a il: rulhr@rci.rutgers.edu or stroy@rci.mtgers.edu. rutgers, the state university of new jersey, is committed to affirmative action and equal opportunity. coordinates support for distance education; represents milner library on campus and through­ out the state; anticipates academic library trends and needs; with division heads, allocates resources to enhance library functions; encourages research and service, supports professional growth; heads milner’s faculty evaluation committee; and serves as library department chair for university purposes. qualifications; strong grounding in traditional public services; technical and practical experience in delivering library services in a web-based environment; willingness to try innovative, creative approaches to library administration and services; ala accredited master’s degree; completed second advanced degree by start date; a minimum of 5 years in progressively more responsible administrative and/or supervisory positions in aca­ demic libraries; demonstrated success in reference, collection development, and instruction; ability to articulate and implement a coherent philosophy of library services; experience in evaluation, budgeting, and planning; experience with library consortia important; excellent interpersonal, written, and oral communication skills are also required; must possess effective problem-solving skills; flexibility in working with groups; ability to work collaboratively in a strongly collegial and participative environment, to manage diverse assignments, and to meet university requirements for tenure, including scholarship and service. salary: $65,000 at rank of associate professor. 24 days’ vacation, 12 days’ sick leave, 11 paid holidays per year. self-managed, portable, or state retirement plan. medical, dental, and life insurance plans. http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/ mailto:rulhr@rci.rutgers.edu mailto:stroy@rci.rutgers.edu 5 7 0 /c&rl news ■ m a y 2001 associate university librarian for information technology the university of minnesota-twin cities campus the university of minnesota libraries is seeking an individual who will provide innovative and dynamic leadership to the development, application, deployment, oversight, and integration of information technologies throughout the university libraries. the associate university librarian for information technology will report to the university librarian and will also work closely with the university vice president for i nformation technology (cio) and staff in that organization as well as with the director of the dtcand the director of the mnlink project, a statewide minnesota library automation project. this individual will also assist in representing the libraries externally working with such organizations as university-wide technology committees, the committee on institu­ tional cooperation, the digital library federation, the coalition for networked information, oclc, the research libraries group, the coordinate campus libraries, and other individual partner institutions. qualifications: required: strong record (at least five years) of leadership and accomplishment in information technology and management in a large university or consortial library environment; demonstrated experience in the application of new technologies; outstanding analytical and conceptual skills; excellent written and verbal communication skills; ability to work in a team-based organization and in a complex organization to develop an appropriate network of colleagues; demonstrated commitmentto diversity and ability to recruit and develop a diverse staff; and experience with a demonstrated understanding of the service role of libraries in a college or university setting. preferred: advanced degree in library, information or computer science or other appropriate field; experience in project management; an understanding of the potential for enhanced digital library services; knowledge of and success with external funding sources; and experience in partnering with technology vendors. this is a full-time, 12-month, academic administrative appointment. salary is very competitive, commensurate with qualifications. excellent benefits. to apply: send a letter of application, résumé, and the names, addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses of three current professional references to: linda debeau-melting libraries human resources 499 wilson library 30919th avenue south minneapolis, mn 55455-0414 please identify your application with ul138. applications will be accepted until position is filled. the university of minnesota is known globally as a leader in teaching, research, and public service, and consistently ranks among the top 20 public universities in the nation. the classic big 10 campus, located in the heart of the minneapolis-st. paul metropolitan area, is one of the most comprehensive universities in the country and ranks among the most prestigious universities in the united states. for full description of responsibilities, see: www.lib.umn.edu/about/career.phtml the university o f minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer. begins: september 1, 2001. deadline: july 15, 2001. to apply: to assure full consideration, submit letter of application, résumé, and names ofthree references to: associate dean for public services search committee, milner library, illinois state university, campus box 8900, normal, il, 61790-8900. for more information, contact us at: www.mlb.ilstu.edu. illinois state is an affirmative action, equal opportunity university encouraging diversity. director of library. saint mary’s seminary and university invites applications for the position of library director for the knott library and its 122,000-unit collection, effective immediately. qualifications include: mls from an ala-accredited program and a master’s in theology (doctorate preferred); five years of relevant experience; proven administrative and communications skills in a collegial environment; knowledge of electronic resources and technology; ability to supervise staff and work in a collegial environment; and aptitude for http://www.lib.umn.edu/about/career.phtml http://www.mlb.ilstu.edu c&rl news ■ m ay 2 0 0 1 1571 head, special collections processing and metadata services university of chicago the department of special collections, university of chicago library, seeks an experienced and creative librarian to provide leadership, technical expertise, and management of processing and metadata services for the department’s archives, manuscripts, rare book, and digital collections. the department’s collections constitute an administratively integrated body of research resources of 250,000 printed books and more than 25,000 feet of manuscript and archives materials. special collections is actively involved in retrospective digitization projects, working within the library’s new structure for digital library development. this position supervises a staff of four, including three librarians, and supervises additional project staff as appropriate. this position reports to the curator of special collections. serves as a member of the special collections council, the department’s management group. participates in special collections public services, including the department’s exhibition program and web site development. qualifications: graduate degree in library science, three years’ experience with special collections cataloging and processing in an academic research library. knowledge of marc-21, aacr2rev, lc classification, lcsh, ead/dtd, appm, dcrb, dublin core, corc, and othermetadata standards and access tools. working knowledge of a range of western european languages, preferably including latin; supervisory experience. library automation experience and strong computer skills, including familiarity with oclc; working knowledge of microsoft office; skill in use of the internet and related cataloging resources. demonstrated strong commitment to continuing education in cataloging, technical services, and library issues. initiative in the approach to responsibilities, effective problem­ solving and decision-making skills, judgment and discretion, excellent communication skills including ability to interact with donors, as well as the ability to work effectively and collegially across units and departments. project management and grant-writing experience preferred, as is a strong background in the humanities or social sciences. salary and benefits: appointment salary based on qualifications and experience. benefits include retirement plan, health and life insurance, and paid time off. there is tuition plan for college age and youngerchildren. application: should include résumé and names, addresses, e-mail addresses, and telephone numbers of three references. review of applications will begin upon receipt and continue until the position is filled. applications received by june 1, 2001, will be assured consideration. preliminary interviews may be scheduled at the annual american library meetings in san francisco. applications may be sent by e-mail to personnel @ lib.uchicago.edu, attention of denise weintraub. applications may also be sent to: personnel office thellniversity of chicago library 1100 east 57th street chicago, il 60637 for further information about the university of chicago library and special collections, see: h ttp ://w w w .lib .u c h ic a g o .e d u /e /s p c l/ equal opportunity employer. library planning and budgeting. familiarity with the roman catholic tradition is desirable. current challenges and opportunities include: integration of a major library building expan­ sion, including increased collection capacity, special collections, a major historical archival deposit, and instructional spaces. the library director has faculty status and a full benefits package. a competitive salary is commensurate with experience and qualifications. applica­ tions, to include curriculum vitae and the names of three references, should be sent by mail or fax to: timothy kulbicki, o.fĝm. conv., dean, school of theology, saint mary’s seminary and university,5400 rolandavenue,baltimore,md21210;fax: (410)433-1384. applications will be received and considered until the position is filled. director of the research library. the oregon historical society invites applications and nominations for a director of the research library. a top management lib.uchicago.edu http://www.lib.uchicago.edu/e/spcl/ 5 7 2 1 c&rl news ■ m ay 2001 d i r e c t o r library director, the library supports bachelor and masters programs in arts and communications. the search will begin immediately and continue until the position is filled. responsibilities include designing and communicating the library's educational and service mission to the college community; directing, training and motivating the staff to realize this mission; developing and managing the annual budget, the library's collections and the technological systems that will enhance library services; and serve as liaison to state and national networks, consortia and professional organizations. a minimum 5 years experience in an undergraduate a c a ­ dem ic library at the director or assistant director level and an ala accredited mls is required. an advanced degree in arts or communications is desirable. significant experience in financial management, personnel administration and working with diverse constituencies as well as knowledge of emerging library/information issues is essential. columbia college is a diverse, open admissions, urban institution of 9,000 undergraduate and graduate students emphasizing arts and communications in a liberal education setting. we offer a competitive salary and excellent benefits package. minority and women applicants are especially encouraged to apply. nominations, letter of interest and resumes are assured confidentiality. submit letter of application and resume to columbia's retained search consultants: attn: library director richard sbarbaro and william yacullo lauer, sbarbaro associates ■ ema partners international 30 north lasalle, suite 4030 ■ chicago, illinois 60602 t: 31 2-372-7050 ■ f: 312-704-4393 e-mail: sbarbs@aol.com equal opportunity/affirmative action employer m/f/d/v mailto:sbarbs@aol.com c&rl news ■ m ay 2 0 0 1 / 573 associate dean of library services for technical services r harry a. sprague library eports to the dean of library services and is part of a management team with the dean and associate dean for public services. associate dean oversees the division of technical services that includes the department of collection development/acquisitions, cataloging, circulation, and government documents. duties and responsibilities: planning, implementing, and evaluating divisional and library policies and procedures. fostering goal-setting and effective and efficient operations in departments. developing and monitoring budgets. managing human resources. overseeing dra system including migration to web-based environment. facilitating communication within the division and between technical services and public services. providing leadership in the library and the university. primary liaison with oclc, palinet, and dra. service on library and campus committees. qualifications: an mls or equivalent from an ala accredited library program. a second master's is required; doctorate is preferred. three to five years of significant progressively responsible administrative experience in academic libraries, including developing and monitoring budgets, managing personnel, and implementing technology. knowledge of library systems. ability to foster a collaborative and cooperative work environment. commitment to professional and staff development. excellent written, oral, and interpersonal communication skills. initiative and creativity. commitment to service to students, faculty, and the public. commitment to mult¡culturalism and diversity. evidence of professional participation ana contributions. salary range: $57,693 $86,539. salary is commensurate with qualifications and experience. 1 2-month position. comprehensive benefits package. the library: sprague library collections contain over 400,000 volumes, over 2,500 current subscriptions, substantial microform and multimedia collections, and a growing number of online resources. the materials budget is in excess of $1,000,000. the library is administered by a dean of library services, associate dean for technical services, and associate dean for public services. the staff consists of 1 6 ft librarians, 25 ft classified staff, 1 administrative staff, and student employees. for more information seethe university's website: http://www.montclair.edu, "news and info." apply by: june 22, 2001 to receive first consideration, but applications w ill continue to be accepted until the position is filled. arrangements can be made to meet informally at ala in june. send letter of application; curriculum vitae; and the names, addresses, telephone and fax numbers, and e-mail addresses of three professional references (include v-number) to: dr. judith lin hunt, dean of library services, harry a. sprague library, montclair state university, box c316-v#45/crl,upper montclair, nj 07043. an equal opportunity/affirmative action institution www.m ontclair.edu position in a team environment, the director has responsibility for all aspects of the research library, including program leadership and development, institutional advocacy and donor/ community relations, fiscal management, professional and technical staff, collections develop­ ment and management, and technology. the society, one of the oldest and most respected historical societies in the west, is located in downtown portland, consistently voted as one of america’s most livable and vibrant cities. the director position oversees the various depart­ ments of the prestigious research library, including extensive collections of manuscripts and archives, photographs, maps, moving images, and other primary and secondary sources. the successful candidate will have demonstrated abilities in collection, fiscal, and staff management in a research library and the background and skills to successfully carry forward the vision and mission of the historical society. subject competency on the history of the american west and the pacific northwest is desired. an off-site collection center has just been acquired to complement the plans for a major expansion of the downtown history center that houses the core research library collections and operations. salary and benefits are very competitive relative to experience. for a full position description, see the society’s web site: www.ohs.org http://www.montclair.edu http://www.montclair.edu http://www.ohs.org 574 /c&rl news ■ m ay 2001 head, monographic cataloging and authority sections university of california, los angeles the cataloging department within the ucla library’s charles e. young research library seeks an innovative librarian to serve as head ofthe monographic cataloging and authority sections and provide leadership, management, and supervision. the successful candidate will select, supervise, train, and evaluate professional and paraprofessional staff; develop, review, and revise policies and procedures in a highly automated and changing environment; consult with other units on issues related to cataloging and authority work; serve as naco coordinator forthe cataloging department; participate actively as a member of the cataloging department’s management team and advise the department head on issues related to monographic cataloging and authority work; and participate in cataloging and authority meetings on a national level. qualifications: mlis or equivalent from an accredited library and information science graduate program preferred. experience in complex cataloging of monographic materials in all formats through a cataloging utility such as oclc, in an integrated library system environment. knowledge of the program for cooperative cataloging programs such as saco and bibco. extensive experience contributing naco records. thorough knowledge of/experience in applying national standards: in particular, the use of aacr2r and lc rule interpretations, lc subject headings and classification, and marc 21 formats for bibliographic and authority data. knowledge of trends in automation as they relate to cataloging. ability to work with a variety of non-english languages with a reading knowledge of at least two languages other than english. innovative, flexible approach to working in a rapidly changing environment. excellent oral and written communication skills. supervisory experience in selection, training, oversight, and evaluation of staff. ability to work with people in other units to resolve problems. commitment to professional issues. salary range: $52,356-$88,404. anyone wishing to be considered for the position should write to: karen murray administrativespecialist charles e. young research library ucla 11334 yrl, box 951575 los angeles, ca 90095-1575 candidates applying by june 22, 2001, will be given first consideration. for full description of duties and qualifications and application procedures, see web site: www.library.ucla.edu/admin/staffserv/openposn.htm “employment opportunities.” application review will begin june 1,2001, and continue until appointment is made. applications should include aletter ofinterest, résumé, and three current letters of reference. ohs is an equal opportunity employer. materials should be sent to: search committee, director of the library, oregon historical society, 1200 sw p ark avenue, portland, or 97205. e-mail inquiries may be sent to: jonij@ohs.org. electronic services librarian. saint martin’s college. librarian responsible for library’s electronic and av resources. provides instructional design and reference support. for details, visit: www.stmartin.edu/hr. originaivspecial materials cataloger. responsible for original monographic cataloging, as well as review and upgrade of non-dlc copy cataloging in english and foreign languages and in all subject areas. additional duties include the cataloging of special materials in the following areas: archives and special collections, government documents, monographs with accompanying electronic resources, and e-books. this person will contribute to the formulation of cataloging policies and procedures and serve as a resource for paraprofessional catalogers. the successful candidate will be required to meet university faculty tenure requirements of research and service. required: mls from an ala-accredited program; a minimum of 2 years’ recent cataloging experience, working knowledge of cataloging principles and procedures including aacr2, lc subject headings and classification, and usmarc http://www.library.ucla.edu/admin/staffserv/openposn.htm mailto:jonij@ohs.org http://www.stmartin.edu/hr c&rl news ■ m ay 2 0 0 1 /5 7 5 libra professorship library and information technology university of maine at augusta the libra professorship was established to promote excellence in selected degree programs, to provide recognition for high-quality pro­ grams, to attract exemplary faculty, and to provide students with outstanding faculty models for teaching and public service. the university of maine at augusta seeks a libra professor of library and information technology to teach asynchronously delivered courses worldwide via blackboard, locally produced video, and other emerging technologies. this is a 10-month professorship (august 1,2001 -m a y 30,2002). the individual must have teaching experience at the college level; mls or mlis from ala-accredited degree program; knowledge and experience with distance education, delivery, and philosophy; excellent verbal and written expression; and program development experience. an earned doctorate is strongly preferred. the libra professor will be expected to do academic advising; teach baccalaureate library and information technology courses; conduct curriculum review; create and maintain statistical library and information technology student database. salary: fifties commensurate with qualifications and experience, plus $7,000 expense stipend. review of applications begins immediately, continuing until filled. applicants should submit a cover letter, current résumé, transcripts, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three professional references to: library and informationtechnology libra professorship search administrative services the university of maine at augusta 46 university drive augusta, me 04330 the university of maine at augusta, with campus locations in augusta, bangor, and lewiston-auburn, is one of seven university campuses in the university of maine system. located in the state capital, uma’s augusta campus is surrounded by scenic lake country and is readily accessible to winter and coastal recreational areas for which maine is famous. we are an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and provide reasonable accommodations to qualified individuals with disabilities upon request. the university o f maine at augusta encourages and values diversity within its students, faculty, and staff. um a isamemberofthe university of maine system. formats; working knowledge of standard bibliographic and other reference tools for cataloging and authority control; cataloging experience in an integrated library automation system; working knowledge of a t least one modem language; effective verbal, written, and group communication skills; and the ability to work effectively with culturally diverse faculty, staff, students, and patrons. preferred: experience cataloging archival and special collections materials; cataloging experience in an academic or special library; cataloging experience using oclc and the innovative interfaces online library system; working knowledge of eastern european languages; and evidence of research and scholarly or professional development. salary and benefits: minimum: $34,000,22 days of vacation, tuition assistance, and a generous benefits package. the university of akron (ua) is the third-largest state-assisted university in ohio. ua’s 10 academic colleges offer 24,000 students more than 300 undergraduate and master’s degree programs and options, 17 doctoral degree programs, and 4 law degree programs. university libraries are a founding member and active participant in ohiolink, a consortium of 79 college and university libraries in ohio. located in a metropolitan area of 500,000 people only 30 miles south of cleveland, the university of akron (web site: www.uakron.edu) has the advantages of city life but combines them with the area’s exceptional natural resources. consideration of candidates will beginmay 15,2001, and continue until position is filled. send cover letter and résumé, including names, addresses, telephone numbers, fax numbers, and e-mail addresses of three references to: delmus e. williams, dean, university libraries, the university of akron, akron, oh, 44325-1701. http://www.uakron.edu structure bookmarks c&rl news ■ may 2001/553 c&rl news ■ may 2001/553 career opportunities classifiedd safrom across the country deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. latejob listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $9.75 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $11,85for others. late job notices are discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions.internet: c&rl news classified ads are accessible on the web at http://www.ala.org/acrl/c&rlnew2.html. ads will be placed approximately 2-3 weeks before the printed edition of c&rl news is published.contact: elise parker, classified advertising manager, c&rl news classified advertising department, acrl, american library association, 50 ē. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795; (312) 28 positions openarchivalaccesscoordinator.theuniversityof alabama libraries is seeking adynamic, experienced archivist forthe position of archival access coordinator in the william stanley hoole special collections library. the w.s. hoole library is a national resource specializing in the unique history and culture of the state of alabama, including the u ni ver­sify of alabama. the archival access coordinatorworks closely with the curator and the public and outreach services coordinator to provide access toa salary guidelisted below are the latest minimum starting salary figures recommended by state library associationsfor professional library posts in these states. the recommendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommendations for minimum salaries. job seekers and employers should consider these recommended minimums when evaluating professional vacancies. foradditionai information on librarian salaries, contact ala office for library personnel resources.connecticut $34,172delaware $22,500**illi 554/c&rl news ■ may 2001 assistant librarianabraham baldwin agricultural college a unit of the university system of georgiaabraham baldwin agricultural college (abac), a residential college spread over 390 acres in tifton, georgia, offers 53 majors, including 31 college transfer programs and 22 career technology majors.a faculty of 100 teaches the student body of approximately 2,600. tifton is an attractive community known for its quality of life.salary: $32,500requirements: ala-accredited mls; thorough knowledge of lcsh,aacr2,oclc c&rl news ■ may 2001 / 555 princetonuniversityassistant librarian, marquand library of art and archaeologyprinceton university librarythe princeton university library’s general collections include about six million printed volumes, as well as significant numbers of microforms, scores and records, electronic databases, and journals. the library employs approximately 320 professional and support staff workers, as well as a large student and hourly workforce. library operations are divided among 15 sites on campus, including a large cen 556 /c&rl news ■ may 2001 cataloging/ technical services librariandowling collegedowling college is seeking a full-time tenuretrack faculty librarian. responsible for catalog­ing materials in a wide range of formats; author­ity control; and bibliographic database mainte­nance. required: mls from an ala-accredited institution; two years’ experience cataloging using marc, aacr2, lcc, lcsh, oclc, and integrated library systems (innovative interfaces preferred); and strong analytical, interpersonal, and communication skills. academic skills; abilitytodevelopand maintain effective relationships and tocollaborate with diverse clientele, including state college counterparts; and strong background in academic library reference services and biblio­graphic instruction. a second master’s degree is desired. commensu­rate with education and experience. excellent benefit package. review of applications begins immediately and will continue until the position is filled. send letterof application, vita, dossier, and telephone numbers of th ree or c&rl news ■ may 20011557 princetonuniversitygeneral and humanities reference librarianavailable: immediately.the princeton university library’s general collections include about six million printed volumes, as well as significant numbers of microforms, scores and records, electronic databases, and journals. the library employs approximately 320 professional and support staff workers, as well as a large student and hourly workforce. library operations are divided among 15 sites on campus, including a large central library. more info 558/c&rl news ■ may 2001 electronic resources/serials acquisitions librariangeorge washington universityappointment rank and salary: appointment at the rank of librarian m/librarian iii. minimum salary: librarian ii, $36,500; librarian iii $41,600. rank and salary depend upon qualifications and experience.responsibilities: the gelman library is seeking a creative and enthusiastic individual to lead the library in all aspects of serials operations, including identification of vendors, licensing, acquisition, fiscal control, catalogi make the libraryawelcoming place and to keep it central to the academic mission of the campus. an m ls deg ree from an ala-accred¡ted institu­tion and a minimumoffive years of experience in an academic library are required. a second master's degree is helpful. applicants must have experience with and knowledge of information technologies and auto­mated library systems, technological issues facing academic librar­ies, distance learning, reference sources and services, and instruc­tional media services. the a electronic resources librarian.theeugenemcdermott library at the university of texas at dallas is accepting applications for an electronic resources librarian. responsibilities include reviewing li­cense terms, maintaining an online file of license agreements, monitor­ing the update of changing holdings, updating and maintaining links to electronic materials, collecting and organizing usage data, as well as planning and implementing electronic initiatives in support of distance education. the position requ c&rl news ■ may 2001 / 559 distance education librariancalifornia state university, sacramentocalifornia state university, sacramento invites applications for a 12-month, tenure-track distance education librarian. we are seeking a librarian to develop, provide, and oversee library services in support of our growing distance and distributed education programs. this position requires a creative, dynamic leader who enjoys the challenge of working in a rapidly changing technological environment.minimum qualifications: mls or equivalent d to manage and direct the activities of the government documents/ microforms col lections and services and serve as the regional librarian forthe federal depository library program. fora detailed description of the position, goto: http://www.iib.isu.edu/lib/jobs/index.html. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; two years’ experience with govern­ment information; reference experience in an academic setting; knowl­edge of federal depository guidelines and practices; knowledge of print, electronic, and i or other national bibliographic utility; knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, and marc formats. desirable: experience with various bibliographicformats; supervisory/management experience; computer skills; knowledge of authority control, cataloging trends, and national initiatives; and an additional advanced degree, this is a 12-month, tenuretrack position with faculty rank and status. rank and salary commensu­rate with experience and qualifications. salary negotiable; minimum $35,000 with generous 5601 c&rl news ■ may 2001 dean and director of the university libraryour lady of the lake universityour lady of the lake university is a comprehensive, hispanicserving institution sponsored by the congregation of divine providence and located in san antonio, texas, with sites in houston and dallas. we offer a full range of degree programs through the doctorate to over 3,500 students in both traditional and weekend formats.the sister elizabeth anne sueltenfuss library, a new facility dedicated in september 2000, is a three-level bu ment expected at associate librarian rank, salary range beginning at $36,000, depending on qualifications. required qualifications: alaaccredited mls degree. minimum of three years' experience in an aca­demic library performing original and copy cataloging; experience using aacr2, usmarc, lcsh, lcclassification. candidate should have good experience using oclc and innovative interfaces systems; knowledge of at least one foreign language required (german and one romance language preferred); demonstrated or commitmentto patron support. responsibilities include: managing the library's reference, documents, interlibrary loan, and instructional units; planning organizing, and promoting the use of collections and services; and supervising a ref ere nee team of five professional sand two interlibrary loan paraprofessionals. position reports to the li­brary director. requirements: ala-accredited mlsdegreeplus rninim urn of five years’ reference experience in academic libraries; strong management and decision-makin c&rl news ■ may 20011561 two positions availablegeorge mason universitysciences reference and instruction liaison librarian prince william campus libraryresponsibilities include providing general reference service (including evenings and weekend rotation); liaison services to the school of computational sciences, biomedical sciences, and the american type culture collection (an affiliate organization); designing web-based information resources; assisting patrons with electronic resources; and developing collections. minimum one day homepage at http://www.ualr.edu. the university of arkansas at little rock ¡saneeo, affirmative action, ada employer. under arkansaslaw, all applications aresubjectto disclosure.instruction coordinatorädutr each librarian.lewis-c⅛kstate college invites applications for the position of instruction coordinator/ outreach librarian. the instruction coordinator/outreach librarian is responsibleforthe development, organization, marketing, implementa­tion, and oversight of the library instruction program and outre ing i n academic governance. this position reports di rectly to the director of l¡brary.thecollege offersfour-yearandtwo-yeardegrees and technical certificate programs. current enrollment is approximately 3,000 stu­dents with outreach programs in a variety of fields. minimum qualifica­tions: al^-accredited mls or equivalent, strong teaching skills, enthusi­astic public service orientation, excellent communication and presenta­tion skills, knowledge of collection development principles, a willingness to work 562/c&rl newsmay2001 ■ director of library and media servicesuniversity of alaska southeastegan library at uas, juneau campus, seeks a director to provide leadership for a management team of four librarians, a media services manager, and 10 support staff.the director develops, promotes, and carries out strategic plans for library services and multimedia support of instructional programs in a distributed learning environment. represents uas in the university of alaska system, professional organizations, and consortia, facilitating state college library, 500 8th avenue, lewiston, id 83501. review of applications begins may 10,2001. lcsc isan affirmative action, equal opportunity employer.instruction/electronicservices librarian. hollins universrty. reports to: director, library systems and technical services. duties: rhisfull-time, entry-level position provides library instruction services as part ofthe development ofthe applied research component of adynamic new general education program at hollins. working with individual faculty an salary commensurate with qualifications and experience. environment: hollins university is a selective collegefċ›r women, established in 184 2, with a strong commitment to the liberal arts and sciences. locateα on a 475-acre campus in roanoke, hollins is close to the blue ridge and allegheny mountain ranges, state parks, and the appalachian trail. tine wyndham robertson library was completed and occupied in spring 1999 at a cost of $14.5 million. it serves 900 undergraduate and 250 graduate students. for mo c&rl news ■ may 2001 / 563 science liaison/ reference librariandenison universitydenison university libraries invite applications and nominations for a liaison to the sciences/ reference librarian.responsibilities:the reference/science liaison librarian will create and develop customized services in collaboration with science faculty; provide instructional support and teach library instruction classes; promote information literacy initiatives and participate in current information literacy grant activities; provide reference service experience. tenure-track, academic year contract with additional remu­neration for summer work. qualifications; required: mlsfrom an alaaccredited library school; second advanced degree in an academic disci­pline; experience with an integrated library system; library experience, preferably in periodicals; some supervisory experience; excellent interper­sonal .communication, and organizational skills. john carroll university, a catholic and jesuit university, is an equal employment opportunity, affirmative responsibilities include: providing bibliographic instruction, assistance with collection development, and other necessary services to several academ¡cdepartments including education and nursing; developing and maintaining the curriculum and the children's/juvenile collections; providing approximately 13 hours (including one evening) per week of sen/ice atthe reference desk; participating in the sunday reference desk rotation; and maintaining some sections of the library's web page. qualifications: candidat 564 / c&rl news ■ may 2001 two positions availablethe university of arizonathe university of arizona library seeks professionals to join its team-based, innovative, flexible, useroriented organization. the library is committed to continuous learning, increasing client self-sufficiency, fostering diversity in the campus environment, and furthering its own cultural transmission, educa­tional, and preservation roles. applicants are sought for the following positions:assistant/associate librarian, set (job number 20373)a librarian with internet searching and windows applications. reference and teaching experience preferred. flexible scheduling, some evening and weekend hours required. salary commensurate with background and experience. excellent fringe benefits program including tuition remission, tiaa-cref, or alternate retirement plan (reference code rlib). send letter of application, including salary requirements, résumé, and names, ad­dresses, and telephone numbers of three professional references to: department of human resources, be position provides reference assistance, one evening per week and rotating weekend hours; participates in collection development. a degree in busi­ness orthe social sciences is preferred, as well as knowledge of web page and presentation software. an ala-accredited master’s degree is re­quired. salary dependent on qualifications; minimum salary is $31,500. applications will be reviewed and accepted until the position is filled. send cover letter with current résumé and the names, addresses, telephone numbers c&rl news ■ may 20011565 library directorunited states military academy (search extended)the united states military academy was established in 1802. it is the only college specifically charged with preparing young men and women for service as officers in the united states army. as such, it has a singular educational philosophy of graduating enlightened military leaders of strong moral courage whose minds are creative, critical, and resourceful. located just 50 miles north of new york city, this prestigious institution is nestled in strong ¡nterestand ability in information systems and networked environ­ments; experience evaluating and using a variety of print and electronic resources; extensive knowledgeof computerapplicat¡ons; excellent com­munication skills; strong commitment to service and teamwork; and ability to work independently. preferred: successful experience managing networks, servers, and related equipment, including knowledge of network and server protocols, parameters, configurations, etc.; knowledge of current practices resource licensing practices and terms; and library instruction experi­ence. salary and benefits: commensurate with education and experience. to apply: submit a résumé and the names, add resses, telephone num­bers, and e-mail addresses of three professional references to: terry webb, dean, guggenheim library, monmouth university, west long branch, nj 07764-1898. position available: july 1, 2001. review of applications will begin immediately and will continue until position is filled. inquiries: (732) 571-44 566/c&rl news • may 2001 head, research, reference, and collections doe/moffitt libraries librarian l-v$63,840 $88,404 per annum, based upon qualifications, plus administrative stipend the university of california, berkeley seeks a dynamic librarian with energy, experience, and enthusiasm to lead the newly configured research, reference, and collections department within the doe/moffitt libraries, the primary libraries for humanities, social sciences, and undergraduate services on the berkeley campus.uc berkeley's library is a major research center of international prominence. it has a user population of 23,000 undergraduates, 9,000 graduate students, and 1,500 faculty. the collection inc c&rl news ■ may 2001 / 567 two positions available (systems librarians)head, library information systems departmentprovide leadership, supervision, and management of seven fte department supporting information systems. develop vision and inspiration forthe future, plan for new technology, define procedures, and manage ongoing projects.qualifications: ala-accredited mls oraccredited master’s degree in computer-related discipline required, with at least five years of increasingly progressive responsibilities.salary: $55,000 minimum.lib reference/governmentdocuments assistant librarian.(faculty rank) full-time, tenure-track. duties: provide general reference and bibliographic instruction service. supervise and maintain federal depository library collection and new jersey documents collection in compl iance with regulations. actively promote use of documents collec­tions by students and faculty. teach classes and workshops on govern­ment information resources for library users and staff. required: alaaccredited mls degree; reference exper reference/music coordinator. sam houston state university is seeking innovative and enthusiastic applicants who are interested in providing general and specialized reference services for library users, applying new technologies to reference services, participating in usercentered, subject-specific instruction through general orientation ses­sions, course-integrated instruction, and web-based tutorials. our campus of 12,000 students is located 50 minutes north of houston in huntsville, texas, recently name 568/c&rl news • may 2001 special media collections archivistwashington university in st. louisthe special collections of washington university libraries in st. louis is seeking a talented, dynamic, flexible, service-oriented individual to serve as special media collections archivist. the special collections department is currently made up of three units (rare books, manuscripts, and university archives) and is adding a special media collections unit. under the direction of the head of special collections, the successful candidate w late job listings.associate dean for public services. illinois state university’s milner library seeks an innovative planner and able facilitator to guide its user programs as a service-focused, teaching library. full-time, 12-month, tenure-track administrative professional position with faculty rank and tenure. responsibilities: withamissionf∞us,wiuhave primary responsibility for the planning, development, and delivery of reference, instruction, circulation, reserve, interlibrary loan, and other end-user s c&rl news ■ may 2001 / 569 rthe stuate utnivergsity oef nerw jersseyresponsibilities:the cataloging department of the rutgers university libraries seeks a librarian to join an outstanding group of technical services librarians and paraprofessionals. the successful candidate will head a section of 7 paraprofes­sional staff who are responsible for database management of iris, the libraries' integrated information system, including the accuracy and timeliness of bibliographic, holdings, and hyper­links information; & the oversight of re head, database & catalog portal management sectionrutgers university librariesformats, lc classification, lcsh), experience with a major bibliographic utility and/or an online integrated library system, and familiarity with developing cataloging standards, library automation, and emerging technologies are required. ability to exercise initiative in a changing environment; ability to work independently and as part of a group in a collegial setting; project leadership; strong oral & written communications ski coordinates support for distance education; represents milner library on campus and through­out the state; anticipates academic library trends and needs; with division heads, allocates resources to enhance library functions; encourages research and service, supports professional growth; heads milner’s faculty evaluation committee; and serves as library department chair for university purposes. qualifications; strong grounding in traditional public services; technical and practical experience in delivering l 570/c&rl news ■ may2001 associate university librarian for information technologythe university of minnesota-twin cities campusthe university of minnesota libraries is seeking an individual who will provide innovative and dynamic leadership to the development, application, deployment, oversight, and integration of information technologies throughout the university libraries.the associate university librarian for information technology will report to the university librarian and will also work closely with the university vice presi begins: september 1, 2001. deadline: july 15, 2001. to apply: to assure full consideration, submit letter of application, résumé, and names ofthree references to: associate dean for public services search committee, milner library, illinois state university, campus box 8900, normal, il, 61790-8900. for more information, contact us at: www.mlb.ilstu.edu. illinois state is an affirmative action, equal opportunity university encouraging diversity.director of library. saint mary’s seminary and university invite c&rl news ■ may 20011571 head, special collections processing and metadata servicesuniversity of chicagothe department of special collections, university of chicago library, seeks an experienced and creative librarian to provide leadership, technical expertise, and management of processing and metadata services for the department’s archives, manuscripts, rare book, and digital collections. the department’s collections constitute an administratively integrated body of research resources of 250,000 printed books and more than 25,000 library planning and budgeting. familiarity with the roman catholic tradition is desirable. current challenges and opportunities include: integration of a major library building expan­sion, including increased collection capacity, special collections, a major historical archival deposit, and instructional spaces. the library director has faculty status and a full benefits package. a competitive salary is commensurate with experience and qualifications. applica­tions, to include curriculum vitae and the name 5721 c&rl news ■ may 2001 directorlibrary director, the librarysupports bachelor and masters programs in arts and communications. the search will begin immediately and continue until the position is filled.responsibilities include designing and communicating the library's educational and service mission to the college community; directing, training and motivating the staff to realize this mission; developing and managing the annual budget, the library's collections and the technological systems that will enhance library services; an c&rl news ■ may 2001/ 573 associate dean of library services for technical services rharry a. sprague libraryeports to the dean of library services and is part of a management team with the dean and associate dean for public services. associate dean oversees the division of technical services that includes the department of collection development/acquisitions, cataloging, circulation, and government documents.duties and responsibilities:planning, implementing, and evaluating divisional and library policies and procedures. fostering position in a team environment, the director has responsibility for all aspects of the research library, including program leadership and development, institutional advocacy and donor/ community relations, fiscal management, professional and technical staff, collections develop­ment and management, and technology. the society, one of the oldest and most respected historical societies in the west, is located in downtown portland, consistently voted as one of america’s most livable and vibrant cities. the dir 574 /c&rl news ■ may 2001 head, monographic cataloging and authority sectionsuniversity of california, los angelesthe cataloging department within the ucla library’s charles e. young research library seeks an innovative librarian to serve as head ofthe monographic cataloging and authority sections and provide leadership, management, and supervision. the successful candidate will select, supervise, train, and evaluate professional and paraprofessional staff; develop, review, and revise policies and procedures in a highly automated an c&rl news ■ may 2001/575 libra professorship library and information technologyuniversity of maine at augustathe libra professorship was established to promote excellence in selected degree programs, to provide recognition for high-quality pro­grams, to attract exemplary faculty, and to provide students with outstanding faculty models for teaching and public service.the university of maine at augusta seeks a libra professor of library and information technology to teach asynchronously delivered courses worldwide via blackboard, loc acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 452 / c&rl news and the field of lib rarian sh ip . c o n ta c t: c arl stone, anderson public l ib rary , anderson, sc 2 9622. 2 4 2 5 — pacific n orthw est: “c h a n g in g course: restructuring academic l ib r a rie s ,” the 6th an nual jo in t f a ll conference of the a c r l oregon and w ashington chapters, pack forest, w a s h ington. featured speakers include b . j . busch, area coordinator for the humanities and social sciences l ib ra ry at the university of alberta; and paul baldw in, systems coordinator at simon fraser university. c o ntact: pat silvernail, u ni versity of oregon; (503) 686-3056. 2 5 — texas c hapter: “l ib ra ry standards and texas l i b r a r i e s ,” f a ll m eeting of the a c r l texas chapter and the texas council of state univer sity librarians, best w estern villa c ap ri, aus tin. a panel will examine the a c r l college l i brary and l earning resource c enter standards. c o n tact: maxine johnston, l a m a r university l ib rary , box 10021, l u station, beaum ont, t x 77710; (409) 8 8 0-8118. 2 5 2 6 — georgia c hapter: “2000: an academic l i brary o dyssey,” c ivic c e n te r, augusta. f e e : $ 8 .5 0 . c ontact: ja n ice fennell, in a d illard rusm innesota u p d ate a federal appeals court rejected a fem ale fa c ­ ulty m e m b e r’s claim that she was denied tenure at the university of minnesota libraries b e ­ cause of sex discrimination. in its unanimous ruling, filed on ju ly 8, the three-judge panel of the eighth u .s. c ircuit court of appeals found “that the university adminsitration’s conclu­ sion that (the plain tiff’s) publications did not constitute 'distinction in research and wtiting’ was a reasonable position under the circ u m ­ stances, and justified no inference of sexual dis­ crim in a tio n .” t h e court further noted: “th ere was no issue of c r e d ib ility in this heav ily documented record, nor was there any indica­ tion of a sexually hostile environm en t.” lind a d eb eau-m elting won the first round in the case when district court special master viola k anatz ruled that the university should grant her tenure. k an atz’s decision was over­ turned by magistrate patrick mcnulty. t h e ap­ pellate court agreed with mcnulty that “the critical findings of the master were clearly erro­ neous.” d eb eau-m elting was hired as a tenure-track instructor in 1974 and was denied tenure in 1979 and 1980. in 1981 and 1982 she filed sex discrimination claims under the rajender con­ sent decree, which provides a legal process for university of minnesota women faculty to file sex discrimination complaints. t h e decree was adopted as part of the settlement in a 1973 class action suit by shyam ala r ajender, who argued that she had been denied tenure in the chem is­ try d ep artm en t because of her sex. ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ ­ sell l ib ra ry , georgia college, milledgeville, ga 31 0 6 1 ; (912) 45 3 -4 0 4 7 . n ovem ber 1— new england chapter: “librarians and l a b o r relation s,” a c r l new england ch apter fall conference, university of c o nnecticu t, storrs. topics include faculty status, collective barg ain ­ ing, unionism, and the recent strike at yale. c o n t a c t : s u sa n s h e r i d a n , p u b l i c i t y a c r l / n e c , amherst college, amherst, ma 0 1 0 0 2 ; (413) 542 -2 2 1 5 . d ecem ber 5 6 — user instruction: e a rlh a m c o lleg e -e ck erd college b ib lio g ra p h ic in stru ction w orkshop, eckerd college, st. petersburg, florida. c o n ­ ducted by e v a n f ä r b e r , e a rlh a m college. c o n ­ tact: l a rry hardesty, d irector of l ib ra ry ser­ vices, eckerd college l ib ra ry , st. petersburg, f l 3 3733. ■ ■ the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising d e p ’t, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. for sale or sale. nuc pre-1956 imprints. complete mansell hardbound et in excellent condition, $10,000 or best offer. buyer pays shipping f s september 1985 / 453 costs. contact jan zlendich, chair, technical services dept., calif. state univ., fullerton, po box 4150, fullerton, ca 92634. positions open access services and library automation coordi­ nator. position currently open, starting as soon as possible, to manage access services programs including circulation, interlibrary loan, reserves, photocopy, current periodicals, non-print, and re­ lated services; responsible for unit staff, policy development, budget, space planning, and coordination with other library units; will also assume responsibility for planning and implementing auto­ mation programs for all library units; some shared reference respon­ sibilities. qualifications: ala-accredited mls plus relevant experi­ ence and organizational/communication skills; salary range: $25,000-$29,500. application, vitae, 3 professional references, and a statement of philosophy on the role of the library in the academic setting should be sent to carol a. franklin, associate vice president academic affairs, university of redlands, redlands, ca 92374. eoe/aa employer. acquisitions librarian, north carolina state university. an experienced professional acquisitions librarian is needed with a strong background in ordering, receiving, and bibliographic search­ ing of monographs and monographic series. the position will have special responsibility for the acquisitions of monographs and will re­ port directly to the head of collection development and acquisi­ tions. support staff includes two paraprofessional supervisors and ten paraprofessional staff members. north carolina state university isamember of arl, oclc, solinet, and trln (triangle universi­ ties libraries network). the position requires an ala-accredited mls degree. desired skills include 2-3 years of library experience, some of it in acquisitions, a working knowledge of at least one foreign language; ability to assist the department head in planning, organiz­ ing, and evaluating work of bibliographic searching, firm order mon­ ographs, and approval plan operations; experience with oclc; and a general knowledge of automation. good communication and su­ pervisory skills are essential. salary from $18,000; commensurate with qualifications and experience. ncsu offers librarians academic status with 24 days vacation, 12 days sick leave, group insurance, hospitalization, and retirement programs. send resume, by october 15,1985, to margaret rogers hunt, search committee chairperson, d.h. hill library, north carolina state university, box 7111, raleigh, nc 27695-7111. north carolina state university is an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. assistant librarian, head of technical services. responsible for operation and policy formation for acquisitions, cata­ loging, processing and card catalog maintenance in partially com­ puterized technical services unit, and working with the entire staff in a participatory management approach, to plan and implement a total integrated automated system. donnelly library has a book collec­ tion of over 135,000 volumes, and is a member of amigos biblio­ graphical council. minimum qualifications: ala accredited mls equivalent. minimum 3 to 5 years experience in technical services including oclc. experience in automated processing and familiar­ ity with dewey decimal classification system are desirable. salary com mensurate with experience and qualifications; range $22,000-$25,000. applications should include an appropriate re­ sume, transcripts, and three current letters of recommendation. ap­ plication deadline october 20,1985. applications should be sent to: donnelly library, library search committee, new mexico high­ lands university, las vegas, nm 87701. new mexico highlands university is an aa/eo employer. catalog editor. responsible for manual and online authority control for the union catalog and the public catalogs in units served by central technical services; will resolve all name and series con­ flicts, insure verification of all subject headings, provide name and subject heading references, and maintain authority files for names and subject headings; and will act as liaison with law, health sci­ ences and music cataloging agencies. oversees the effective opera­ tion of the catalog maintenance section with a total staff of 12.6 fte and several student assistants. qualifications: ala accredited mls and two years post–mls cataloging experience using aacr2 and a major bibliographic utility are required. experience in a large aca­ demic library, experience in supervision, and knowledge of several modern european languages are preferred. salary: $24,000 plus depending upon qualifications; faculty status at the rank of senior assistant/associate librarian. send letter of application and resume including the names of at least three references to: ms. m. e. state, assistant to the director for personnel, university libraries, suny/ buffalo, 432 capen hall, buffalo, ny 14260. an eo/aa and title ix employer. catalog librarian. the united library of garrett-evangelical and seabury–western theological seminaries invites applications for the position of catalog librarian. required: mls from ala accredited library school; previous cataloging experience in an auto­ mated system; knowledge of marc and aacr2; and an under­ standing of authority control. preferred: working knowledge of french and/or german; training and/or interest in theological stud­ ies. salary range $17,500-$18,500. position available october 21. deadline for applications is september 20. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of reference to: alva caldwell, librarian for program and planning, the united library, 2121 sheridan road, evanston, il 60201. an eeo/aa employer. catalog librarian. yale university library. creates full origi­ nal cataloging records in several western european languages for monographs. creates name authority records. requires: ala accredited mls degree; undergraduate or graduate study in the hu­ manities, especially linguistics and classics highly desirable; thor­ ough knowledge of german and one romance language (italian preferred); knowledge of current catalog code; knowledge of con­ tent designation conventions for marc records. salary from $21,000. send resume listing three references by september 30, 1985 to maureen e. sullivan, yale university library, box 1603a yale station, new haven, ct 06520. cataloger, art history and architecture. has pri­ mary responsibility for original and selected member copy catalogb io l o g y l ib r a r ia n berkeley head, biology library to manage library opera­ tions. collection includes 200,000 monographs and 4,000 current serial subscriptions, staff 9 fte. largest science branch which serves a diverse cli­ entele of faculty, researchers, and students. qualifications: must have mls. candidates with undergraduate degree in one of the life sciences will be given special consideration. needs leader­ ship skills in program planning, space planning, collection development, personnel development and automation implementation. the successful candidate should demonstrate superior verbal and written communications skills. full job description mailed on request. salary in the $36,504 to $50,604 per annum range depend­ ing on qualifications. position available 1 december 1985 or as soon thereafter as possible. send re­ sume, including the names and addresses of three professional references, by 30 september 1985, to: william e. wenz library personnel officer room 447 general library university of california berkeley, ca 94720 the university of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 454 / c& rl news ing for monographs in english and european languages in the fields of art history and architecture, including supplementary and difficult searching, bibliographic description, subject headings and assign­ ment of call numbers, and authority work. it is responsible for orga­ nizing and coordinating the flow of monographic materials to the avery (architecture) and fine arts libraries, including revision of the work of support staff who catalog monographs with lc copy. re­ lated duties include bibliographic editing of cataloging records, and providing assistance in the subject area to other catalogers as neces­ sary. qualifications: in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are a working knowledge of aacr2 rules; a working knowledge of german and italian (facility with other romance languages desir­ able); a strong background in the fields of art history, architectural history, art techniques, including familiarity with current trends in contemporary art and city planning; familiarity with art history and bibliographic reference tools; and an aptitude for analytical and de­ tail work, as demonstrated through previous relevant experience an­ d/or superior performance in a formal course in cataloging. salary ranges: librarian i, $ 1 9 ,5 0 0 -$ 2 5 ,3 5 0 ; librarian ii, $21,500-529,025. submit resume, listing salary requirements and 3 references, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is september 30, 1985. an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. cataloger for nonbook and special collections. the university of nevada, las vegas library seeks assistant cata­ log librarian to be responsible for cataloging materials in all formats for nonbook and special collections units using oclc. cataloging assignments include printed and manuscript materials relating to nevada, gaming, and culinary arts; maps; and audiovisual materials with an emphasis on sound recordings. reports to catalog librarian and participates as a team member with other section staff in devel­ oping cataloging policies and procedures, and implementing an in­ tegrated library system. serves on university and library committees. requirements include an ala-accredited mls; knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, oclc; ability to re­ late well with staff; willingness to be flexible in work assignments. knowledge of one european language, working experience with oclc and/or experience cataloging materials in audiovisual format preferred. salary: $18,000 minimum. position currently available. send application letter; resume; name, address and phone number of three references by october 1, 1985, to: mary dale deacon, di­ rector of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, las vegas, nv 89154. librarians have twelve-month, tenure-track appointments with twenty-four days vacation. unlv is an aa/eeo institution. cataloger, original monographs cataloging department (pc i). temporary one-year position. providing original and selective lc and rlin member copy cataloging for monographs in russian and other slavic languages. providing some cataloging for material in english and european languages, as assigned; filing catalog cards in union catalog; and catalog editing in area of assignment. in addi­ tion to an mls from an accredited library school, requirements are: knowledge of cataloging principles and procedures, including aacr2, lc classification and subject headings; thorough reading knowledge of russian and other slavic languages, plus one or more western european languages; aptitude for analytical and detail work; and working knowledge of bibliographic and other reference tools. salary ranges: librarian i, $19,500-525,350; librarian ii, $21,500-529,025. submit resume, listing 3 references and salary requirements, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is september 30, 1985. an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. cataloger. wheaton college is searching for candidates who are qualified to catalog monographs via oclc, some reference ser­ vice, supervising the filing of catalog cards, and book preservation. candidates must hold an mls and be familiar with ddc; knowledge of aacr2, lc rules and interpretations, and lcsh is necessary. sal­ ary: $16,000-$17,000. send a letter of application and current vita to trygve larsen, director of personnel, wheaton college, wheaton, il 61087. wheaton college complies with federal and state regula­ tions for non-discrimination in employment. collections development librarian. faculty position reporting to the assistant director for technical services. responsi­ ble for planning, coordination and execution of all collection devel­ opment activities, managing a budget exceeding $450,000. specific d ir e c t o r o f l ib r a r ie s mcgill university (search reopened) applications are invited for the position of director of libraries at mcgill university. the appointment will be for an initial five-year term and may be renewed. the director of libraries is equivalent in academic rank to a dean and reports to the vice-principal (aca­ demic). he or she will possess scholarly and administrative qualifications appropriate for the direction of a major university library system. these will normally include a doctoral level degree in an academic or pro­ fessional discipline, and previous experience in a university library. a degree in library science, informa­ tion science, or management, or their equivalents will be highly desirable. fluency in french as well as english will be an asset. mcgill university has a collection of 2.2 million volumes, grouped into five subject-oriented area libraries, with a staff of 283 including 70 professional librarians. the director prepares and allocates the total budget in excess of $10 million in consultation with senior management personnel. the position is currently open and the effective date of appointment will be as agreed upon with the successful candidate. salary is negotiable depending on qualifications and experience. the person se­ lected will be eligible for a professorial appointment. interested candidates should send a detailed curriculum vitae and the names of three referees preferably before septem ber 30, 1985, to s.o. freedman vice-principal (academic) mcgill university 845 sherbrooke street west montreal, quebec, h3a 2t5 canada september 1985 / 455 duties also include evaluation of collections, vendor performance, user needs assessment and collections utilization. participates in col­ lections policy formulation and documentation. library serves schools of medicine and nursing with extensive research facilities; allied health programs and the university hospitals. required: ala accredited mls with at least three years recent experience in collec­ tion development and acquisitions work in an academic health sci­ ences library. good planning, writing, analysis and interpersonal skills are essential. desirable: personnel management experience and approval plan management, with working knowledge of at least one foreign language germane to the health sciences. position avail­ able in september. minimum salary $21,500. deadline for applica­ tions is october 1. send letter of application, resume and the names and addresses of at least three business references to frank sa­ dowski, assistant director for technical services, the claude moore health sciences library, box 234, school of medicine, university of virginia medical center, charlottesville, va 22908. eeo/aa. columbia university health sciences library iaims project librarian. the health sciences library is developing new services and computer-based systems as components of co­ lumbia’s implementation of plans for an integrated academic infor­ mation management system (iaims). the 3-year model develop­ ment project, funded by the national library of medicine, will enhance library services, strengthen technical assistance for users, and test iaims concepts in various university and hospital settings. this new position reports to the health sciences librarian and works closely with computer facilities and university library staff. responsi­ bilities include: coordinating technical applications for library com­ ponents of the iaims project; providing consulting and training; co­ ordinating iaims technical activities with related work in the university libraries and in the medical center; participating in project evaluation and in planning new iaims research and applications. requirements are: three to five years related professional experi­ ence; experience or demonstrated knowledge in the areas of com­ puters, telecommunications, database construction, and library ser­ vices; good oral and written communication skills; masters degree in library, information, or computer science. the health sciences li­ brary serves the schools of medicine, dentistry, nursing, and public health, the presbyterian hospital, and other affiliated health care, education, and research programs in the columbia-presbyterian medical center. the library has a full-time staff of over 45, a collec­ tion of approximately 400,000 volumes, more than 3500 current journal titles, a large media center, and a comprehensive special col­ lections section. excellent benefits include tuition exemption and as­ sistance with university housing. salary ranges: librarian ii, $23,000-$31,050; librarian iii, $26,000-$37,700. submit resume to: box 35, butler library, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. applicants should list 3 refer­ ences and salary requirements. deadline for applications is septem­ ber 23, 1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. coordinator of library user education (search ex tended). reporting to the chair of information services, plans and coordinates user education activities library-wide. other responsibili­ ties include reference, database searching, and collection develop­ ment. required: two years successful public service experience in libraries; ala-accredited mls; excellent communication skills. pre­ ferred: second master’s degree; database searching background beyond coursework; experience in program development and coor­ dination. faculty position entails research and publication. salary $22,000-$25,000. fiscal-year appointment, state retirement plan. resume and letter must be postmarked by september 30,1985, and sent to chair, information services, jerome library, bowling green state university libraries, bowling green, oh 43403. an eoc/aa employer. coordinator of user and information services li­ brarian to coordinate reference/information services with empha­ sis on business and the social sciences, and to aid in collection de­ velopment. position requires evening and/or weekend hours. twelve-month appointment, fringe benefits, competitive salary, mini­ mum $16,500. qualifications: ala-accredited mls with coursework or experience in online searching and bibliographic instruction. the ability to work closely with faculty, students, and staff is essential. a degree in business is desirable. available september 1,1985. send e a s t a s ia n l ib r a r ia n c. v. starr east asian library columbia university columbia’s east asian library is one of the largest and oldest in the nation. a major renovation of the facilities was completed in 1984, and the library was dedicated as the c. v. starr east asian library. the collections, representing exceptional breadth and depth in the humanities and social sciences, contain over 470,000 volumes principally in chinese, japanese, and korean, but also in manchu, mongolian, and tibetan. in addition, the collections contain a large number of western language books and periodicals concerning east asia. the library’s participation in the research libraries group special east asian devel­ opment program provides machine-readable capability for the control of asian material. the library has a staff of 8 librarians, 13 support staff, and a number of part-time student assistants. the east asian librarian, who as director of this distinctive collection will have primary responsibility for administering the service and collection development programs of the library, reports directly to the vice president and university librarian. the incumbent will be expected to work closely with faculty and staff (1) to guide the growth of the collections, (2) to develop and manage distinctive library services in support of the teaching and research needs of columbia university, and (3) to implement programs in various collec­ tion development and technical processing activities in cooperation with the research libraries group and other consortia. requirements for the position include a strong scholarly background in east asian studies, demon­ strated managerial and leadership capacities, and the ability to engender outside support for the library’s programs and collections. an mls or a ph.d. in a relevant subject area is desirable. minimum salary, de­ pending on experience and qualifications is $40,000. please submit resume or nominations to east asian library search committee, box 35, butler li­ brary, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is september 30, 1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 456 / c&rl news letter of application, resume and three references to: bobbye harper, director of personnel, the university of texas of the per­ mian basin, odessa, tx 79762. aa/eoe. copy cataloging librarian, a full time, 12 month, tenure track appointment, available october 1,1985. responsible for coor­ dinating and directing the work of the copy cataloging units in proc­ essing materials through oclc using lc and oclc member-input copy. the cataloging department also utilizes a fully automated rec­ ord management and integrated authority control system. partici­ pates in departmental planning, formulation of policies and proce­ dures, personnel management, hiring, training and evaluating staff. resolves problems related to copy cataloging through the applica­ tion of aacr2 and lc classification and subject headings. compiles statistics and reports, and maintains procedures manuals. super­ vises a unit consisting of 12 fte paraprofessionals in addition to stu­ dent assistants. provides liaison with bcr and oclc. reports to the assistant head of the cataloging department. requires ala accredited mls; two or more years cataloging experience using aacr2, lc classification, lc subject headings and marc formats for bibliographic data; substantial experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility; effective written and oral communication skills; effective interpersonal skills. prefer supervisory experience; reading knowledge of one or more western european languages; academic library experience; knowledge of and/or experience with authority control systems and procedures either manual and/or online. salary: $17,000-$22,000 dependent upon qualifications. excellent bene­ fits. applications must be postmarked no later than september 30, 1985. to apply, submit letter of application, resume, graduate and undergraduate transcripts, and names of three references to sandra k. gilliland, assistant to the dean, university of kansas libraries, lawrence, ks 66045-2800. minorities are encouraged to apply. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. curator/printed material. the edison institute. the edi­ son institute (henry ford museum and greenfield village) is seeking a curator of printed material. the collection includes large and var­ ied group of historical printed materials, with emphasis on advertis­ ing and marketing literature. collection areas consist of broadsides, almanacs, trade catalogues, newspapers, greeting and holiday cards, music sheets, maps, rare books, manuscripts, and periodi­ cals. curatorial duties consist of analyzing and rationalizing current collections according to institutional goals and objectives; active col­ lection agenda according to same criteria; on-going processing and reference responsibilities relative to use of collections. qualifications: applicants must possess appropriate educational background in so­ cial and commercial history (particularly marketing and advertising history) and must have record of previous experience dealing with collections of a similar nature. salary commensurate with experi­ ence; excellent fringe benefits. send resume and letter of intent to: director of personnel, the edison institute, 20900 oakwood blvd., dearborn, ml 48121. resume must be submitted by: september 15, 1985. equal opportunity employer. director of library, pittsburgh theological seminary. a fac­ ulty position as director of the library will be available beginning january 1,1986. a degree in theological education as well as appro­ priate credentials in library science are required. candidates should have experience in modern library practices and systems. rank and salary are open. send dossier to ulrich w. mauser, dean h e a d , c a t a l o g in g a n d s y s t e m s d e p a r t m e n t george washington univesrity the gelman library, george washington university, seeks an innovative manager for the position of head of the cataloging and systems department. the library is in a period of expansion of services and collections. currently, it has approximately 1,000,000 volumes, and approximately 35,000 volumes are cataloged each year. it has been an oclc library since 1975 and has been using the dataphase alis ii system since 1980. in the next few months the library will select an alternative system to replace the alis ii system. the cataloging and systems department: staffed by 16 fte (including 5 librarians and 2 computer operators), the department is responsible for the cataloging of all materials added to the gelman collection, including monographs, serials, and non-print material. in addition, the department is responsible for the maintenance of the online bibliographic database as well as the operation and maintenance of the system itself, which includes interaction with the various units and departments throughout the library that use the system. the department is one of the four major areas within the collections division: acquisitions, catalog­ ing and systems, preservation/binding, and special collections. responsibilities: under the general direction of the assistant university librarian for collections, the department head will have major responsibility for planning and implementing new systems within the next year. the department head is responsible for assuring that workflow and departmental organization are efficiently adapted to changes in automated system and service priorities. in addition to responsibilities within the department and depending on academic background and experience, all librarians at the gelman library serve as subject specialists for particular areas: serving as liaison to departments, provid­ ing consultation services, and assuming collection development activities. qualifications: ala/mls; five years professional experience in a cataloging department of an aca­ demic or research library preferred; successful supervisory or managerial experience; demonstrated orga­ nizational, leadership, communications, and human relations skills; extensive working experience with an integrated online system in a research library; demonstrated ability to work effectively with public and col­ lections staff at all levels. an appointee is expected to bring to the position well-developed managerial skills and cataloging experience. salary from $25,000. salary is dependent upon background and experience. closing date for applica­ tion is: september 30. please send current resume and names and addresses of three references to: executive coordinator, the george washington university, gelman library, washington, dc 20052. gwu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. september 1985 / 457 of the faculty, pittsburgh theological seminary, 616 n. highland avenue, pittsburgh, pa 15206. applications must be submitted by october 15, 1985. pittsburgh seminary is associated with the pres­ byterian church (u.s.a.) and is an aa/eeo employer. director of library services. the university of texas of the permian basin, a small upper level university offering degree programs at the bachelor’s and master’s level, invites applications for the position of director of library services. the director is respon­ sible for administration of library services and reports to the vice president for academic affairs. the library has a staff of four profes­ sional librarians, four full time and four part time support staff, plus student employees. the library utilizes oclc, brs, and dialog. qualifications: ala-accredited mls with considerable professional experience at the staff level culminating with administrative experi­ ence in an academic library. candidate must have demonstrated leadership ability, good communication skills, skills in planning and organization, and commitment to serving users, as well as ability with budgeting, personnel management, and advanced library technol­ ogy. the position is an administrative appointment offering a com­ petitive salary and benefits. salary minimum, $27,000. applicants should submit a letter of application, a resume and names and ad­ dresses of three references to: bobbye harper, director of person­ nel, the university of texas of the permian basin, odessa, tx 79762. an aa/eoe employer. head, access and support services, avery and fine arts libraries. this position reports directly to the avery librarian and has primary responsibility for the administration of access and support services, including coordination of general reference service to fac­ ulty and students and maintenance and preservation of library col­ lections. the incumbent has supervisory responsibility for 7 full and 30-35 part-time staff members and works in close consultation with the special subject bibliographers. qualifications: in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are previous relevant experience, ev­ idence of creativity and initiative, and the ability to communicate and work effectively with students and faculty. preferential consideration will be given to applicants with relevant academic training and/or ex­ perience in art and architecture. salary ranges: librarian ii: $23,000-$31,050; librarian iii: $26,000-$37,700. submit resume, listing 3 references and salary requirements, to: box 35, butler li­ brary, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is september 30, 1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head catalog librarian. university of arizona libraries is seeking a librarian to manage its catalog department under the gen­ eral direction of the assistant librarian for technical services. re­ sponsibilities: supervise a staff of 9.5 catalog librarians and 37 other career staff who are responsible for creation of bibliographic records for books, microforms, music, sound recordings, theses and a variety of other media in all major languages, including oriental lan­ guages. the department maintains the catalog for the main library and is actively involved in the planning for the use of records in auto­ mated systems in the future. the head participates in various library­ wide administrating and planning groups. qualifications: mls from an ala accredited school; substantive and increasingly responsible management experience in cataloging; demonstrated leadership; supervisory and planning skills; and the ability to communicate and work effectively with staff at all levels. familiarity with the working tools of cataloging: aacr2, lc classification, lc subject headings, and bibliographic utilities, preferably oclc. in addition, familiarity with the issues facing large research libraries in the areas of catalog­ ing and automation. familiarity with retrospective conversion, build­ ing automated databases, and managing grant projects desirable. minimum salary: $31,000, negotiable depending upon qualifica­ tions and experience. librarians at the university of arizona have ac­ ademic professional status and are voting members of faculty, and may take up to 15 days professional leave per year, 22 days paid vacation, 12 days sick leave, and 10 holidays. standard package of fringe benefits is available. send resume and 3 references to w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tuc­ son, az 85721. applications received prior to october 15,1985, will be given first consideration. position available immediately. eoe/aae. head, geology-geophysics library, university of califor­ nia, los angeles. the geology-geophysics library is one of four public service units which, together with cataloging and ill services, comprise the physical sciences and technology libraries adminis­ trative unit. duties include managing library operations, establishing policies and procedures, and collection development and control with the advice of the faculty. provide reference services and biblio­ graphic instruction programs. plan effective use of space and staff resources. prepare budget requests and monitor expenditures. may be invited to teach in the ucla graduate school of library and infor­ mation science. candidates should have two years of increasingly responsible and successful academic or special library experience in public services. self-motivated with strong potential for leadership. a s s o c ia t e d ir e c t o r o f l ib r a r ie s fo r l ib r a r y s y s t e m s university of maryland, college park (search extended) the university of maryland, college park, invites nominations and applications for the position of associ­ ate director of libraries for library systems. the position is responsible for providing the director of umcp libraries and the umcp library system with staff support in automated systems. the associate director serves as liaison to ail technical support groups, including the campus computer centers, and to outside contractors. he/she participates in the general administration of the umcp library system, and supervises the university’s library information management system and coordinates all related activities among the several campuses. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library program required. course work in computer and/or in­ formation science essential. seven years of progressively responsible experience, at least three of which must have been working with automated library systems required. at least three years of supervisory expe­ rience required. demonstrated leadership qualities with strong interpersonal and communication skills, and ability to work effectively with all levels of university, campus and library personnel essential. salary: $36,263 minimum. for full consideration, by september 30, please submit a letter of application, resume and names of three (3) references, directly to: virginia sojdehei, personnel librarian, mckeldin library, university of maryland, college park, md 20742. the university of maryland is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. 458 / c& rl news experience with online information services desired. experience in organizing and providing access to maps desired. subject speciali­ zation in the physical sciences, preferably geology, or working expe­ rience with a science/technology collection desired. salary range is $21,024-$36,996. anyone wishing to be considered for this position should write to: rita a. scherrei, director, administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los angeles, ca 90024. the application letter should include a complete statement of qualifications, a full resume of education and relevant experience, and the names of at least three persons who are knowledgeable about the applicant’s qualifi­ cations for the position. candidates replying by october i, 1985, will be given first consideration. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. librarians at ucla are represented by an ex­ clusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers (aft). head, humanities reference department. search reo pened. responsible for the administration, planning, evaluation, and staffing of reference and interlibrary loan services in the department, one of two reference departments. management of a staff of 5 librari­ ans and 6 para-professionals involved in reference service, biblio­ graphic instruction, online searching, interlibrary loan, and reference collection development. required: ala-accredited mls, plus five years post–mls experience of increasing responsibility in an aca­ demic or research library; demonstrated supervisory, leadership, and planning skills; and knowledge of research techniques, schol­ arly reference sources, and current trends in reference service. for­ eign language background preferred. graduate degree in a related field, professional involvement, and skills in interdepartmental coop­ eration and program development desirable. twelve month aca­ demic appointment. $32,000 minimum annual salary and standard state benefits of annual and sick leave, insurance coverage, and re­ tirement plan. application deadline: november 1, 1985. availability date: july 1, 1986. send resume and names of three references to susan s. shenton, library personnel officer, davis library 080 a, university of north carolina, chapel hill, nc 27514. an equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. head of government documents (search extended). de velop and implement plans in conjunction with the library adminis­ tration for documents service role in the changing university curricu­ lum. assess the existing state and selective federal documents depository program and services. current collection includes over 235,000 federal documents and small but emerging state docu­ ments collection, both serviced by one full-time staff. some part-time general reference duties required initially. ala accredited mls re­ quired. at least one year’s work with federal documents required. experience with state documents preferred but not required. instruc­ tor rank. $20,000, 9-10 month, additional summer contract possi­ ble. academic reference and online searching experience prefer­ red. nsu is a regional institution of 7,000 nestled in the green country mountain and lake area of northeastern oklahoma. tahle­ quah is the former capital of the cherokee nation, one hour’s drive from tulsa. library/learning resources budget of $1,000,000 + with current faculty of 15 and staff of 19. application, resume, tran­ scripts and three letters of reference due september 23,1985, to of­ fice of personnel services, northeastern state university, tahle­ quah, ok 74464. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of reference department, university of california, irvine. appointment at associate or librarian rank within salary range $25,692-$43,464 with upward range adjustment to be effec­ tive 1 july 1985. appointment level dependent on academic accom­ plishments, reference skills and knowledge, and demonstrated managerial-supervisory competencies. benefits in uc equal to ap­ proximately 40% of salary. responsibilities: managerially responsi­ ble for five major program areas of the department: information and reference service; development of the reference collection; faculty liaison; bibliographic instruction; and online database searching. develop broad-based programs designed to provide resources and services to academic programs and to all library users, including an increasing number from the external community. opportunity to de­ velop service programs in cooperation with other library service units, departments, and branch libraries. as a member of the coun­ cil of department heads, participate in library-wide planning and policy-making. direct, organize, coordinate, and evaluate the work of 8.5 academic fte and 3 support staff fte in the department. re­ sponsible for departmental budgeting and reporting. qualifications: mls degree. additional post-baccalaureate degree or equivalent a s s o c ia t e l ib r a r ia n the university of toronto the university of toronto invites applications and nominations for the position of associate librarian. the niversity of toronto operates canada’s largest academic and research library. the central library, hous­ g a collection of 4.6 million volumes, interrelates with over forty other libraries within the university and its derated and associated institutions, bringing the total collection to over 5.8 million volumes. the central library seeks a senior administrator to assume responsibility for the operation of the techni­ al services area which has a full-time staff complement of 150. this associate librarian, reporting to the hief librarian, participates as a senior manager in the overall management of the library. applicants must be graduates of an accredited library school, and have a minimum of five years of sub­ antial and successful administrative experience in a large research library. the demonstrated ability to tegrate technical services into a large and complex organization creatively and flexibly is essential as well s in-depth knowledge of manual and automated technical services operations. the university offers com ­ etitive salary and benefits for this term position. minimum salary: $40,000 canadian. applications received by october 21 will be given first consider­ tion. nominations or applications including curriculum vitae and referees may be forwarded to: kay marie mackenzie personnel services coordinator university of toronto library 130 st. george street toronto, ontario, m5s ia5 canada (416) 978-2282 in accordance with canadian immigration requirements, this advertisement is directed to canadian citi­ ns and permanent residents. u in fe c c st in a p a ze september 1985 / 459 experience. extended experience in library public services with em­ phasis on reference work in academic or research libraries. demon­ strated achievements in developing reference services in an institu­ tion heavily committed to research. familiarity with the demands of and provisions for off-campus users. commitment to a participative style of management, with a demonstrated ability to guide group goal setting; to engender commitment to goals, to quality programs, and to a spirit of cooperation and teamwork. strong oral and written communication skills. record of active professional commitment. must meet general requirements for academic appointment (profes­ sional competence; professional activity outside the library; univer­ sity and public service; research and other creative activity). to ap­ ply: send letter, resume and names and addresses of three references to: michael j. maclnnes, aul for personnel services, university of california, irvine, library, p.0. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. deadline: 30 september, but applications will be accepted until position is filled. uci is an affirmative action employer. head, richard c. rudolph oriental library. under the general direction of the head of the reference department, respon­ sibilities include direction of the operations of the library, long-range planning, and coordination with other east asian libraries and collec­ tions throughout the country. specific responsibilities include poli­ cies; programs; public and technical services; collection manage­ ment; personnel management; funding, expenditure control; space utilization; and the promotion of good relations with faculty, students, and the public. candidates must have demonstrated competence in librarianship and administration in a complex organizational environ­ ment. competence in reading, writing, and speaking either chinese or japanese. ability to communicate effectively in written and spo­ ken english. familiarity with research trends and university teaching requirements for east asian studies. understanding of academic li­ brary services or comparable library services. graduate degree in an aspect of east asian studies and familiarity with library automation developments and their application to chinese, japanese and ko­ rean materials desirable. salary range is $25,692-$43,464. prefer application by november 1,1985, with complete statement of qualifi­ cations, resume, and names of three references to: rita a. scherrei, director of administrative systems and personnel services, univer­ sity research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los angeles, ca, 90024. for more information call (213) 825-1201. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarians are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers. information services librarian. faculty, tenure track po sition. reports to coordinator of information services. duties include general reference, online searching, and user education. required: mls degree from ala-accredited library school; mla certification within 3 years of employment. desired: academic background in biological/health sciences, coursework and/or experience in health sciences librarianship. rank and salary dependent on education and experience. salary range: $16,000-$19,000. university of south alabama libraries are a member of solinet/oclc and op­ erate notis, an integrated library system. benefits include 20 days vacation, university-subsidized insurance, state retirement, tiaa/ cref option. submit resume and names of three references to: judy f. johnston, chair, biomedical library search committee, university of south alabama, biomedical library, mobile, al 36688. applications will be reviewed beginning october 15, 1985. position will remain open until filled. an eeo/aa employer. manuscript librarian, johns hopkins university. to man­ age and organize a collection of approximately one million manu­ scripts. includes accessioning, processing, arranging and catalog­ ing with use of a computer based system. prepare finding aids. provide in depth reference assistance in person and through corre­ spondence. assist division head with manuscript collection develop­ ment activities and preparation of grant proposals to support the manuscript collections. qualifications: strong academic back­ ground with graduate degree in history or english, mls from an ala accredited library school or equivalent in library experience. minimum of two years experience with manuscripts and/or archives in a repository. knowledge of standard archival procedures. good communication skills, written and oral. familiarity with amc/rlin or other computer based system, lc authority control, aacr2 and marc format highly desirable. one language other than english, preferably german. excellent benefits. salary commensurate with education and experience. minimum $22,000. please submit letter of application, resume, and 3 letters of reference from individuals fa­ miliar with your professional qualifications by september 24, 1985, to edward s. warfield, johns hopkins university, office of personnel services, room 146 garland hall, baltimore, md 21218. affirmative action equal opportunity employer. medical reference/interlibrary loan librarian, state library of iowa. manual and computer-assisted medical and general reference service to state agencies, physicians, hospitals, and health care professionals across iowa. knowledge of medline highly desirable. strong service orientation a necessity. salary: $20,000 minimum. mls from ala-accredited library school, plus two years as a professional librarian working with medical or health sciences clientele. send letter of application and resume, post­ marked by september 20, 1985, to: state library of iowa, capitol complex, des moines, ia 50319; attn john montag. aa/eoe. monograph recon project supervisor. temporary two-year position. this reports to the head of the cataloging with copy department and have responsibility for assisting in the plan­ ning and implementation of the monograph recon project, which in­ volves the retrospective conversion of monographic catalog rec­ ords, initially in the lc classes pe, pr, and ps. duties will include participating in the development of project guidelines and design of l ib r a r y d ir e c t o r university of north carolina at chapel hill the university of north carolina at chapel hill in­ vites applications and nominations for director of the health sciences library. the position is a major post, leading a library with a full-time equivalent staff of 61, an active program of services, a budget of over $2 million, a collection of over 220,000 vol­ umes, and a 6-story building completed in 1982. the library serves 7,000 students and faculty in 5 professional schools (dentistry, medicine, nursing, pharmacy, and public health), north carolina me­ morial hospital, and several research centers and institutes. the director reports to the vice-chancellor for health affairs and serves as a peer of the deans of the professional schools. required: demonstrated strong administrative experience in program devel­ opment, personnel management, and fiscal plan­ ning, as well as leadership ability, active service to the profession, ability to work effectively with staff and the university community, and a sense of vi­ sion. ala-accredited master’s necessary. salary in excess of $50,000 and negotiable. position avail­ able on or about july 1, 1986. send letter of application, curriculum vitae, and names of 3 -5 references to: h. robert brashear, jr., m.d. chair, search committee division of orthopedic surgery 250 burnett-womack building 229h university of north carolina at chapel hill chapel hill, nc 27514 deadline for applications november 1, 1985. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women and mi­ norities are encouraged to apply. 460 / c& rl news workflow procedures; supervising the project, including the hiring, training and revising of student assistants in basic cataloging, marc tagging, and rlin database searching and inputting procedures; insuring that the project proceeds as scheduled; and maintaining quality control over the database. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are aptitude for analytical and detail work as demon­ strated through previous relevant experience and or superior perfor­ mance in a formal course in cataloging; previous experience with machine-readable bibliographic databases, preferably rlin; some experience with retrospective conversion projects desirable; a broad subject background, with a degree in the humanities prefer­ red; the ability to work well with and supervise others; and a working knowledge of german and one or more romance languages. pref­ erential consideration will be give to candidates with previous cata­ loging experience. schedule: monday to friday, five 7-hour days, includ ing 5 -9 p.m. each day. salary ranges: librarian i, $19,500-$25,350; librarian ii, $21,500-$29,025. submit resume, listing salary requirements and 3 references, to: box 35, butler li­ brary, columbia university libraries, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. this is a temporary two-year position, with possibil­ ity of extension. deadline for applications is september 30,1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. public services librarian/information specialist at asu west, the dynamic new branch campus of arizona state uni­ versity. asu west currently enrolls more than 2,200 students and ex­ pects an enrollment of 10,000 by the mid-nineties. the primary re­ sponsibility of this position is to provide leadership in the development of a comprehensive electronic information program. the successful candidate will also: participate in the planning, imple­ mentation and delivery of public service programs; represent the li­ brary to university and community constituencies; participate in col­ lection developm ent. salary: from $20,000, dependent on qualifications. qualifications required: ala-accredited mls; strong potential for marketing library services; demonstrated knowledge of the electronic information industry; experience in the delivery of in­ formation services, in online searching, and in program planning and implementation; reference experience in an academic, re­ search, or special library; aptitude for instruction. preferred: good working knowledge of microcomputer hardware, software and ap­ three positions texas a&m university 1) assistant head of reference. substantive participation in the administration of dynamic, centralized reference services. in consultation with head, reference division, defines and establishes goals and pro­ cedures for general operations of the reference desk. oversees daily operation of the reference desk, in­ cluding assisting with difficult reference questions and solving problems. provides comprehensive refer­ ence assistance approximately five hours per week, including assistance with computerized reference services. directly supervises and trains eight reference librarians at the instructor level; has indirect supervi­ sory responsibility for 10.5 fte support staff. encourages and supports the professional growth and devel­ opment of reference division personnel. responsible for reference collection development and assist­ ance with bibliographic instruction in assigned areas of expertise. prepares weekly and monthly reference desk schedules. participates in recruitment activities. assumes responsibility for the division in the absence of the division head, including six weeks each summer. qualifications: ala/mls. minimum of three years professional (post-mls) experience in reference in an academic library. at least one year of supervisory experience. some experience with brs and dialog online systems. salary: open-ended depending on qualifications; minimum $19,500 for 10.5 months. 2) reference librarian, science and technology. provides comprehensive reference assistance with emphasis on the sciences and engineering, from a centralized reference collection. prepares bibliog­ raphies and guides to the literature. assists with bibliographic instruction and computerized reference ser­ vices. serves as one of seven reference division resource librarians in the sciences. responsible for refer­ ence collection development in assigned areas. assists with training new reference staff. qualifications: ala/mls. minimum of two years professional experience in public services. academic background in the sciences, preferably in the physical sciences or engineering. experience with online systems of biblio­ graphic data retrieval. salary: open-ended depending on qualifications; minimum $18,500 for 10.5 months. 3) resource development librarian, science and technology (search extended). as one of three collection development subject specialists, is responsible for collection development activities in science and technology disciplines. includes selection of materials, evaluation of collections, and intensive collec­ tion building in specific areas. monitors use of related funds. works closely with approval plan personnel and with teaching faculty. participates in formulation of resource development division policies and proce­ dures. trains and supervises 3-4 support staff. qualifications: ala/mls. minimum of two years profes­ sional experience, preferably in collection development or closely related activities. requires either a strong academic background in the physical or life sciences, geosciences, agriculture, or engineering, or experience in science reference, bibliography, or collection development. knowledge of at least one for­ eign language. familiarity with oclc and major bibliographic tools. salary: open-ended depending on qualifications; minimum $18,500 for 10.5 months. closing date: septem ber 3 0 ,1 9 8 5 , for all three positions. benefits: competitive benefits package. no state income tax. faculty rank. for complete descriptions of duties, qualifications, and benefits, and to ap­ ply, contact: susan s. lytle, head, personnel operations, evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843; (409) 845-8111. aa/eeo employer. september 1985 / 461 plications; subject knowledge of business or science/engineering; experience in collection development. send letter of application and resume which together address specific qualifications and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent references to: helen gater, director, asu west library, 4510 n. 37th avenue, phoenix, az 85019. copies of the complete description and an­ nouncement of vacancy may be requested from the same person. recruitment will remain open until the position is filled. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by september 30, 1985. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. minorities are encouraged to apply. reference/collection development librarian, physical sciences. primary responsibility for collection management and reference services in fields of the physical sciences, i.e., chemis­ try, mathematics, or physics, and will be based primarily in one of the science & engineering division libraries serving one of these aca­ demic departments. responsibilities include reference services such as library orientation programs, instruction in library utilization, design of publications, and online database services, as well as for training student and support staff in basic reference service. collec­ tion management responsibilities include formulating, justifying and monitoring budgets, selecting and deselecting material, and identi­ fying changes in the research and instructional programs as they re­ late to the libraries’ collections. the incumbent will participate in making and evaluating collection development policies and plan­ ning reference service for the entire science division, and will be su­ pervised directly by the head, reference and collection develop­ ment, science and engineering division. the division’s collections, which are housed in eight departmental libraries, total 500,000 vol­ umes, with 5,000 periodical subscriptions received annually. in addi­ tion to an accredited mls or the demonstrated equivalent in training and experience in bibliographic theory, organization, and practice, requirements are: previous relevant reference and database experi­ ence and training, the ability to communicate and work effectively with faculty and students, a knowledge of scientific and scholarly communication, and an innovative approach to collection develop­ ment and the promotion of computer-based operations and ser­ vices. preference will be given to applicants with a subject back­ ground in the physical sciences, experience in collection development, or previous experience in science or technical li­ braries. salary ranges: librarian i: $19,500-$25,350; librarian ii: $21,500–$29,025. submit resume, listing 3 references and salary requirements, to: box 35, butler library, columbia university li­ braries, 535 w. 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for ap­ plications is september 30, 1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference/documents librarian, state library of iowa immediate opening. service oriented professional to provide gen­ eral reference assistance to state agencies and other clientele, ad­ minister select federal depository, and work with state document collection. online searching experience helpful. salary $20,000 min­ imum. mls from ala-accredited library school, plus 2 years as a professional librarian working with documents. send letter of appli­ cation and resume, postmarked by september 27, 1985, to: state p u b l ic s e r v ic e s l ib r a r ia n purdy/kresge library wayne state university public services librarian to provide comprehensive user services programs to students, faculty, and staff of the university, and to other patrons in the community in the purdy/kresge library. specific duties include: reference services (weekends on a rotational basis), bibliographic instruction, database searching and collection development in the social sciences and/or business fields. a tenure track position based on the standards of evaluation and quality of performance in: (a) professional assignments, (b) creative and scholarly work, and (c) contribution to the profession. qualifications and desired characteristics: masters degree from an ala accredited library school is required. a ph.d. or second masters in a social science subject area is preferable. in addition, a minimum of two (2) years experience in an academic library is preferable. the candidate must have experience in searching the standard databases, brs, dialog, oclc. evidence of scholarly, creative or professional contributions is desired. position reports to the head of the purdy/kresge library. wayne state university began a dynamic recovery program under the leadership of president adamany two years ago. a considerable new and higher library funding base has been provided resulting in exciting opportunities in collection development, automation, library instruction, and other areas. continuation of excellent budget support is anticipated for future areas. the wayne state university libraries consists of about 2.0 million volumes. the purdy/kresge library houses the social sciences, humanities education collections, and the media library. the purdy/kresge library serves the faculty and students in the college of liberal arts, college of education, college of nurs­ ing, school of social work, institute of gerontology, labor studies program, black studies, and the other faculties and students of the university. the libraries hold membership in arl, crl, oclc, and several local consortia for sharing resources and expertise. the purdy/kresge library is located in the new center area of detroit and is near the detroit institute of arts museum, the detroit historical museum, and the main branch of the detroit public library. liberal fringe benefits, tenure track academic rank, dental and health plan options. tiaa/cref, tuition breaks to family members. minimum salary of $20,000-$22,000; rank competitive and negotiable based on experience and qualifications. send applications and/or nominations to: james f. williams, ii, associate director of libraries, 134 purdy library, wayne state university, detroit, michigan 48202. telephone: (313) 577 4021. posi tion open immediately and will remain open until filled. applications received by september 15,1985, will be given first consideration. wayne state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. 462 / c&rl news library of iowa, capitol complex, des moines, ia 50319, attn john montag. aa/eoe. reference librarian/coordinator for biblio­ graphic instruction. full-time appointment available imme­ diately. plans, coordinates, and evaluates bibliographic instruction program for the gelman library, including an active course-related instruction program, preparation of printed guides and bibliogra­ phies, and a graduate level credit course. will be responsible for new services planned for the fall semester to include research consulta­ tion appointments for faculty and graduate students, a self-paced study guide and term paper counseling for undergraduates, and in­ vestigation of media productions. trains and assists in evaluating performance of other librarians involved in bibliographic instruction. participates in providing reference services to faculty, graduate and undergraduate students, and staff of the university in all academic and professional fields, except law and medicine. depending on qualifications, participates in online computer searching. in addition to responsibilities within the department and depending on academic background and experience, all librarians at the gelman li­ brary serve as subject specialists for particular areas. each subject specialist serves as the liaison to assigned departments and pro­ grams, provides specialized research support and consultation ser­ vices, and assumes collection development responsibilities for as­ signed subjects. reports to the head of the reference and instruction department. qualifications: ala-accredited masters de­ gree, ability to work effectively with the public and co-workers, and extensive experience in bibliographic instruction are required. expe­ rience in media design and production, writing and editing skills, and experience or coursework in online computer searching highly de­ sirable. minimum salary: librarian i, $18,000; librarian ii, $20,000. salary is dependent upon experience and qualifications. closing date for application is september 30, 1985. please send current re­ sume and names of three references to: executive coordinator, the melvin gelman library, the george washington university, 2130 h st., n.w., washington, dc 20052. aa/eoe. reference librarian (extended search). the health science library of the university of minnesota-duluth seeks qualified appli­ cants for the position of reference librarian. 3-5 years experience in reference in a health science or engineering library, but equivalent experience in a university or industrial research library acceptable; in online searching of nlm, dialog and brs databases; and in li­ brary instruction. mls from ala-accredited library school. mla cer­ tification and background in medicine, sciences or engineering pre­ ferred. demonstrated ability in interpersonal communication and public relations desirable. salary: $23,500. send resume and three references to: joanne line, assistant administrator, library and learning resources service, university of minnesota, 10 university drive, duluth mn 55812-2946 by october 31, 1985. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity employer and specifically in­ vites and encourages applications from women and minorities. reference librarian, fine arts and humanities. du ties include general reference work, collection development, prepa­ ration of user guides, bibliographic instruction, online searching: some evening and weekend hours. qualifications: ala-accredited mls and undergraduate specialization in appropriate subject field. academic library experience, advanced degree in appropriate area desirable. salary: $18,000 for 10.5 months. faculty status, tenure track. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references by september 20, 1985 to: jeanie welch, chair, search committee, reference department, mary and john gray li­ brary, lamar university, p.0. box 10021, beaumont, tx 77710. an head of reference services member of the faculty/library description: experienced, energetic, innovative reference librarian sought to assume leadership respon­ sibilities for reference services, bibliographic instruction, user education, faculty liaison duties, reference collection development and maintenance, and online search services. the position supervises 4.5 refer­ ence librarians, several student reference assistants, and the heads of interlibrary loan, government docu­ ments, and serials. the position rotates periodically into the teaching faculty. applicants should have good managerial skills, including team building and communication skills and a dedication to quality library services. minimum qualifications: an ala-accredited mls and a minimum of 4 years of relevant professional ex­ perience in a 4-year liberal arts college are required. preference will be given to candidates with subject experience in social sciences/humanities and to members of protected classes. salary: this is a 9-month academic appointment with summer employment usually available. appoint­ ment will be made on the faculty scale and will depend on education and years of experience ($20,000 minimum/$26,000 maximum for a 9-month appointment). applicants must submit a letter of application, a resume, a short essay on their philosophy of reference service and education in a liberal arts college, and 3 current letters of reference to: susan l. perry, dean of library services, the evergreen state college, olympia, wa 98505. applications shall be postmarked by october 1 ,1 9 8 5 . desirable appointment date january 1, 1986. the evergreen state college is an equal opportunity employer and operates under an affirmative action policy. the college strongly encourages qualified men and women of all races, religions, and ancestry to apply. the handicapped and vietnam era veterans are especially encouraged to apply. september 1985 / 463 eo/aa employer. reference librarian, free lance. reference publisher re­ quires individual for short-term, intensive bibliographic w o rk -in the northeast– as part of a national research team. nearly full-time through december/january; ideal for librarian between jobs or re­ tired. candidate should have mls and several years front-line refer­ ence desk experience in academic research library. background in american history a plus. new york, washington or boston location preferred. send resume and salary history to k.g. saur inc., 175 fifth avenue, new york, ny 10010. reference librarian/latin america area specialist at arizona state university. the latin america area specialist is re­ sponsible for specialized public service in and collection develop­ ment of the latin american and spanish collections in the social sci­ ences and humanities (including collection and acquisitions trips as necessary). responsibilities also include reference desk time on a rotating schedule including evenings, weekends and holidays, fac­ ulty liaison and bibliographic instruction. salary: from $18,000, de­ pendent on qualifications. qualifications required: ala-accredited mls degree or foreign equivalent; demonstrated communication skills; knowledge of latin american bibliography and book trade; proficiency in spanish; minimum of two years’ experience in public service and/or collection development in an academic or research library; degree in latin american studies or latin american empha­ sis in subject degree. preferred: graduate degree in latin american studies or latin american emphasis in subject degree; background in the social sciences, with ability to work with the humanities; work­ ing knowledge of second foreign language (preferably portuguese, french or german); experience in reference and/or online searching in an academic or research library. recruitment will remain open un­ til the position is filled. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by september 30,1985, when review will begin. please send letter of application which addresses all of the qualifications listed above, a current resume, and the names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, as­ sistant university librarian, hayden library, arizona state univer­ sity, tempe, az 85287. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities are encouraged to apply. reference librarian. pitts theology library, emory univer­ sity. the reference librarian is responsible for interpreting the use of the library to students, faculty and visiting patrons, providing refer­ ence services, including interlibrary loans, assisting in collection de­ velopment and management, and generally sharing in the activities of the professional staff. qualifications: m.div. from an ats accredited institution with an understanding of theological research techniques and some library work experience. an mls from an ala accredited institution and some familiarity with computer applica­ tions to library functions are preferred but not required. salary: from $17,000 to $21,000 plus benefits depending on qualifications and length of experience. emory university is an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. send letter of application and resume with names of three references to: channing r. jeschke, librarian, pitts theology library, emory university, atlanta, ga 30322. all applica­ tion materials must be received by september 20, 1985. appoint­ ment will be effective as soon as feasible. science reference librarian/engineering subject specialist at arizona state university (search extended). the po­ sition is located in the beautiful noble science & engineering library which opened in 1983. engineering is a major emphasis at asu, which enrolls 40,000 students and is located in a growing high-tech valley. responsibilities include reference and research assistance, online literature searching, collection development, faculty liaison, and bibliographic instruction. the science reference service con­ sists of seven librarians plus support staff. salary: $17,000 minimum, depending on qualifications. q ualifications required: ala accredited mls; strong background in engineering/science (aca­ demic training and/or experience); demonstrated oral and written communication skills. preferred: undergraduate or graduate de­ gree in engineering/science; experience in reference and collection development; training and/or experience in dialog, brs, or sdc. send letter of application which addresses all of the qualifications listed above, a current resume, and the names, addresses and tele­ phone numbers of four recent references, to: constance corey, as­ sistant university librarian, hayden library, arizona state univer­ sity, tempe, az 85287. recruitment will remain open until the position is filled. to ensure consideration, applications should be re­ ceived by october 31, 1985. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. science subject specialist/reference librarian. (two positions). full-time appointments available january 1, 1985. each subject specialist will serve as the liaison to assigned depart­ ments and programs, provide specialized research support and consultation services, and assume collection development responsi­ bilities for assigned subjects. shares responsibilities for reference services to faculty, graduate and undergraduate students, and staff of the university in all academic and professional fields, except law and medicine. in addition to direct reference assistance and de­ pending upon qualifications, reference librarians participate in one or more of the following departmental services: bibliographic instruc­ tion; and library-wide committee work and planning. reference re­ sponsibilities include regular evening duties and weekend duties on a rotational basis. report to the head of the reference and instruc­ tion department. subject background sought: chemistry, physics, engineering, computer science. qualifications: ala-accredited masters degree and ability to work effectively with the public and co­ workers are required. experience or coursework in computer searching or bibliographic instruction highly desirable. appropriate subject background may be demonstrated through academic de­ grees, formal coursework, or other substantive experience. rank and salary are dependent upon experience and qualifications. mini­ mum salary: $20,000. closing date for application is september 30, 1985. please send current resume and names of three references to: penny heavner, executive coordinator, the melvin gelman library, the george washington university, 2130 h street, n.w., washing­ ton, dc 20052. gwu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. slavic catalog librarian, hoover institution, stanford uni­ versity. performs caialoging of monographs and serials for all sub­ ject areas in russian and other slavic languages according io aacr2, lc, and rlin standards. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent, with academic back­ ground in russian and east european history and/or political sci­ ence; reading knowledge of russian required; other slavic lan­ guages highly desirable; a minimum of two years previous experience doing original cataloging utilizing an automated catalog­ ing system preferred. salary ranges are: assistant librarian, $23,500-$30,000; associate librarian, $26,000-$33,500. send re­ sume and a list of three references to: joseph kladko, assistant di­ rector for technical services, hoover institution, stanford, ca 94305. deadline for applicaiions is september 20, 1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. software, datafiles and monograph cataloger. a.r. mann library, cornell university. performs original descriptive and subject cataloging of monographs and of computer related ma­ terials including microcomputer software and data files. participates in other library activities and special projects. qualifications: mls from an ala accredited institution. minimum of 2 years of cataloging experience. subject expertise or demonstrated interest in agriculture or the life sciences is desirable. requires knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, some foreign language ability and experience with a large bibliographic utility, such as rlin. inter­ est or experience in the use of microcomputers is important. accu­ racy, organization, a flair for detail, adaptability and imagination are vital. application requested by october 1, however applications will be accepted until the position is filled. salary up to $19,521; higher salary negotiable dependent on qualifications and number of years of experience. send resume listing 3 references to carolyn pyhtila, 201 olin library, cornell university, ithaca, ny 14853. special collections cataloger. stanford university li­ braries seeks a special collections cataloger for monographic mate­ rials, responsible for original descriptive cataloging according to aacr2 and lc rules, subject cataloging, lc classification. as mem­ ber of special collections cataloging section, participates in manag­ ing workflow and contributes to group decision-making. ala accredited mls or equivalent, solid working knowledge of latin, german and one major modern romance language, educational background in the humanities required. recent experience doing original and/or copy cataloging using rlin or other automated cata­ loging system, knowledge of lc rules for the bibliographic descrip­ tion of rare books highly desirable. assistant/associate librarian rank: $23,500-$33,500 per annum. send cover letter, resume and 464 / c&rl news names of three professional references to carolyn j. henderson, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305 by september 15, 1985. cite #269-ac all correspondence. we are an equal opportu­ nity employer through affirmative action. special collections librarian, health sciences library primary responsibility for administering all operations, collections, and services of the section. the position, which reports to the assis­ tant health sciences librarian for resources & reference services, provides general and in-depth reference service and bibliographic instruction in the history of the health sciences; selects titles within designated subjects; coordinates bibliographic control and techni­ cal processing for special collections materials; participates in the preparation of fund raising proposals; coordinates the associates of the health sciences library, and plans an annual series of lectures and exhibits; coordinates preservation planning for the entire library; participates as a section head within the library’s administrative structure. qualifications: in addition to an accredited mls, require­ ments are: 3-5 years experience in rare books librarianship, prefera­ bly in a health sciences library; knowledge of the literature of the his­ tory of medicine; good communication skills, both written and oral; a working knowledge of at least 2 foreign languages; familiarity with fund-raising techniques, grant writing, and support groups; evi­ dence of initiative, problem-solving ability, aptitude for planning, and sch o la rly c o n trib u tio n s . salary ranges: l ib ra ria n i, $19,500-$25,350; librarian ii, $21,500-$29,025. submit resume, listing 3 references and salary requirements, to: box 35, butler li­ brary, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is october 31, 1985. an equal op­ portunity, affirmative action employer. technical services librarian. responsible for cataloging in all formats; supervision of 2.5 support staff and additional student help; oversight of serials, binding as well as end-processing; and in the initial years, will assist in the planning and implementation of a retrospective conversion of the 100,000 volume collection. qualifica­ tions: mls from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of lc classification and subject headings; cataloging experience with aacr2, marc formats and oclc. individual with subject back­ ground or working experience in religious studies preferred. position available january 1, 1986. salary range: $18,000-$20,000. send resume and three references to: joe coalter, louisville presbyterian theological seminary, 1044 alta vista road, louisville, ky 40205. technical services librarian/cataloger. primarily re­ sponsible for cataloging a variety of formats in dewey on oclc. shares in reference work, bibliographic instruction, collection devel­ opment as liaison to departments. participates in planning for auto­ mation. requirements include accredited mls and recent catalog­ ing experience, preferably in an academic library, using aacr2, lc subject headings, and marc formats. accuracy in details and good communication skills are essential, foreign language proficiency de­ sirable. lafayette college is an independent coed undergraduate college offering degrees in liberal arts and engineering, located within easy travel distance of new york city and philadelphia. bene­ fits include tiaa/cref, generous insurance plans, free tuition, 22 days vacation, 10 holidays. position offers faculty status and is pres­ ently available. salary is commensurate with qualifications and expe­ rience, with $20,000 minimum. members of minority groups are en­ couraged to apply. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: dorothy cieslicki, librarian, lafayette college, easton, pa 18042. an equal opportunity employer. archives librarian. under the direction of the head of manuscripts, archives and special collections, supervises the operations of the archives program within the unit. responsibilities include analyzing and maintaining the collection; selecting, training and supervising support staff; appraising, processing, arranging and cataloging collections; applying computer-based techniques to the control of and access to collections; reference; preparing exhibits; writing grant proposals; physical maintenance and preservation of the collections. the incumbent will be expected to liase with campus offices regarding university records and assist in developing the archival program in concert with appropriate university officers and personnel. tenure-track position. required: ala-accredited mls; manuscripts/archival experience, preferably with institutional records; communication skills. preferred: supervisory experience; familiarity with computer applications to manuscripts/archival processing; training in archival management and historical research methods; master’s degree in the social sciences or humanities; and knowledge of records management. rank: librarian ii. salary: commensurate with qualifications and experience, minimum $17,500. tiaa/cref. broad insurance program, 22 days vacation and 12 days sick leave per year. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: donna l. mccool, assistant director for administrative services, washington state university libraries, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application review begins november 15, 1985. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant science-engineering librarian (search reopened). required: master’s degree from ala-accredited program; knowledge of science and engineering reference and bibliographic resources; coursework or experience with medline or the brs system. desired: experience or academic preparation in biology, nursing, or allied health fields; working knowledge of a modern foreign language, preferably german or french; strong commitment to public service. available january 2, 1986. full-time, 40 hours per week minimum. non traditional work week. $17,400 minimum. applications, including a resume, salary requirements, and the names and addresses of three professional references must be postmarked by october 15, 1985. submit applications to: joan martinek, head, science-engineering department, the university of texas september 1985 / 465 at arlington library, box 19497, arlington, tx 76019. the university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian, cataloging department, university of idaho library. full time, 12 month, tenure track. duties: original cataloging of monographs and microforms in a wide range of subject areas using aacr2, marc tagging, and lc classification and subject headings, for inclusion in the western library network database. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited institution. three years cataloging experience in an academic or large public library setting. working knowledge of at least one european language. adaptability to a changing work environment. we are looking for a self-starter who is ambitious, flexible innovative and has good communications skills. strongly preferred: experience cataloging for the wln database or a major bibliographic database. background in cataloging microforms and in the sciences also helpful. assistant professor, with a salary of $ 19,000-$20,000, depending on experience. continued employment partially depends on success in meeting the requirements for promotion and tenure. state retirement, 24 vacation days, 12 days sick leave, medical insurance, life insurance equal to one year’s salary paid for the employee, options on other insurance. application deadline september 30, 1985 (or until a suitable applicant is hired.) send qualifications, resume, and names of three references to monte l. steiger, assistant dean of library services, university of idaho library, moscow, id 83843; (208) 885-6186. the university of idaho is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and educational institution. cataloger, social sciences. responsible for the creation of bibliographic records for all formats of materials in the libraries of the university. assists in establishing standards of bibliographic control for monographs and serials. has special responsibility for original cataloging in the social sciences, business, economics, political sciences, sociology, history. mls from an ala accredited program is required. an undergraduate degree in one of the social sciences or the equivalent is desirable. working knowledge of at least two foreign languages. a knowledge of lc classification schedules, subject headings, aacr2, marc formats and oclc procedures is required. salary: $17,000 minimum. apply by october 15. send resume: peggy weissert-rengel, library personnel officer, 221 memorial library, notre dame, in 46556. cataloging librarian. liberal arts/performing arts college in westchester county, new york, needs cataloging librarian. formulates policies and procedures, trains and supervises staff, catalogs in all formats except music. public services and collection development opportunities. required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school and three years experience cataloging in an automated system; preference given to candidates with microcomputer experience. faculty status and liberal fringe benefits package. salary from $20,000, depending on qualifications and experience. send resume with names of three references by 15 october 1985, to: richard silver, affirmative action officer, suny at purchase, purchase, ny 10577. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. dean of libraries and learning resources, bowling green state university, bowling green, ohio. bowling green state university is a state-assisted university of approximately 17,000 students enrolled in six undergraduate colleges and the graduate college. the dean is responsible for overall administration of the libraries, center for archival collections, institute for great lakes research, and the instructional media center. the dean supervises a staff of 110. applicants or nominees must hold an mls as well as an earned doctorate or equivalent experience, possess a distinguished 466 / c&rl news scholarly record meriting appointment as full professor, and have experience in university academic administration. salary, up to $65,000, commensurate with qualifications and experience. the position is available at the earliest mutually agreeable date between january 1, 1986 and july 1, 1986. application date: october 4. each applicant should submit a letter of application, a current resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three current professional references. to apply or to request a complete description of the position, contact: norma j. stickler, secretary to the library dean search committee, office of the vice president for academic affairs, bowling green state university, bowling green, oh 43403; (419) 372-2915. bgsu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. director of learning resource center. 12-month administrative position available september 16. responsibilities include direction of a new community college learning resource center, including library, media center, and learning laboratory; supervision of professional and classified staff. master’s degree in library science required, doctorate preferred; experience in both print and non–print learning resources is essential; experience in a community college library preferred, as well as knowledge of library computerization. send letter, resume, and names of 3 references by september 17, to: somerset county college, personnel office, p.0. box 3300a, somerville, nj 08876. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of readers’ services, hoover institution, stanford university. maintains and develops the reference service program for the western language collection of the hoover institution library. areas of responsibility include general reference service, circulation, interlibrary loan, and photographic service. qualifications: an mls degree from an accredited library school, or its equivalent in training, and experience in bibliographic theory and practice, and academic background (preferably a graduate degree) in modern history or political science; appropriate knowledge of, and experience in, a major university research library, demonstrated professional accomplishment, and evidence of leadership capacity and achievement; administrative capability as demonstrated through successful supervisory experience; capacity to produce effective written plans, policies, scholarly contributions, and services, and demonstrated ability to work effectively and congenially with colleagues; ability to work in at least two modern european languages is highly desirable; knowledge of and experience with library automation, automated systems, and online database searching are highly desirable; ability to implement the affirmative action program and human resources philosophy of stanford university. salary ranges are: librarian, $30,000-$41,500; senior librarian, $34,500-$48,000. send full resume and complete statement of qualifications and a list of three references to: john b. dunlop, associate director for library and archival operations, hoover institution, stanford, ca 94305. deadline for applications is october 15, 1985. appointment begins january 1, 1986. hispanic librarian, berkeley. develop and manage the library's spanish, portuguese and latin american collections. provide reference and bibliographic services and serve as liaison to the faculty and graduate students. administer book fund of $60,000. select for the main library collection and coordinate collecting activities with the bancroft library and the stanford/berkeley library cooperative program. requires graduate degree from accredited library school and substantial graduate work in spanish or latin american studies. broad knowledge of cultural, historical and social patterns in latin america and the iberian peninsula. at least two years relevant experience in an academic research library highly desirable. full job description mailed on request. salary in the $22,224-$39,108 per annum september 1985 / 467 range depending on qualifications. position available 1 january 1986 or as soon thereafter as possible. send resume, including the names and addresses of three professional references, by 31 october 1985 to: william e. wenz, library personnel officer, room 447 general library, university of california, berkeley, ca 94720. the university of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. legal reference librarian, law library, university of california, los angeles. duties include, under the general supervision of the associate law librarian for public services, direct supervision of all activities of the reference section of the public services department including supervision of the reference librarian, reader services librarian, the technical services librarians, and paraprofessional staff in their reference desk duties. coordinate reference desk scheduling, train new librarians in reference functions, and update reference files. participate in the planning and implementation of public services policies and the expansion of reference services to law school faculty and students. the legal reference librarian works a regular schedule at the reference desk, assisting users in legal research and in using printed, microform and computer–based information sources in law and related fields. provide specialized on-demand reference services to faculty. participate with other reference librarians in evaluation and selection of materials for the collection; preparation of reference guides, instructional materials, tours, bibliographic lectures; and training in using computerized information systems. some flexibility in professional assignment should be expected to meet organizational needs. law library experience is required. mls and jd degrees highly desirable. also desirable are a firm commitment to a high level of public services in a law school setting and strong interpersonal skills. salary range is $22,180-$39,031. anyone wishing to be considered for this position should write to: frederick e. smith, law librarian, 1444 law building, ucla, los angeles, ca 90024. the application letter should include a complete statement of qualifications, a full resume of education and relevant experience, and the names of at least three persons who are knowledgeable about the applicant’s qualifications for the position. candidates replying by october 31, 1985, will be given first consideration. ucla is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarians at ucla are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers (aft). manuscripts librarian. under the direction of the head of manuscripts, archives and special collections, supervises the operations of the manuscripts programs within the unit. responsibilities include analyzing and maintaining the collection; selecting, training and supervising support staff; appraising, processing, arranging and cataloging collections; applying computer-based techniques to the control of and access to collections; reference; preparing exhibits; writing grant proposals; development and public contacts; physical maintenance and preservation of the collections. collection development responsibilities are shared with the head of the unit. tenure-track position. required: ala-accredited mls; manuscripts/archival experience; communication skills. preferred: supervisory experience; familiarity with computer applications to manuscripts/archival processing; knowledge of pacific northwest history; master’s degree in social sciences or humanities; knowledge of historical research methods; visual archives (historical photographs) experience. rank: librarian ii. salary: commensurate with qualifications and experience, minimum $17,500. tiaa/cref. broad insurance program, 22 days vacation and 12 days sick leave per year. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: donna l. mccool, assistant director for administrative services, washington state university libraries, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application review begins november 15, 1985. 468 / c&rl news washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials catalqger. responsibility for cataloging english and foreign language serials using aacr2 rules as well as formating and marc tagging copy for input into the wln database. required: ala–accredited mls. desirable: experience in serial cataloging using lc classification, both pre–aacr and aacr1 rules, preferably in an academic library, ability to work with foreign languages commonly encountered in academic libraries; experience in general serials processing, e.g. check-in binding, acquisitions, etc. rank: librarian 2. salary: minimum professional salary is $17,500. tiaa/cref, broad insurance program, 22 days annual leave, 12 days sick leave per year. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, assistant director for administrative services, libraries, washington state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. review of applications begins november 15, 1985. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials librarian (12 month, tenure track). search reopened. holds administrative responsibility for a serials department with 3,200 current subscriptions and three support staff plus part–time students. trains and supervises staff in serials, maintains serials records and automated serials holding list, supervises bindery preparation, and recommends procedures for further automation. duties may also include serials cataloging and/or some reference responsibilities (depending upon qualifications). requirements include ala-accredited mls, two years’ academic or research library experience either as a professional or as a paraprofessional involved appropriately with serials, and demonstrated communication skills. desirable qualifications include second master’s, experience with online cataloging systems and with cataloging serials, reference experience, and working knowledge of a modern foreign language. minimum salary $18,000 with standard benefits. application deadline: october 10, 1985, or until filled. send resume and have academic credentials and three recent letters of recommendation sent directly to: gary hudson, chair, search committee, south dakota state university library, box 2115, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. slavic catalqger, a full-time, tenure track appointment available october 18, 1985. responsible for original and copy cataloging of slavic language (primarily russian and south slavic) monographs according to aacr2 and oclc/marc standards. supervise student assistants (.5 fte) in processing oclc records. act as resource person in the slavic area for other library staff and for library users in general. maintain contact with the university’s slavic area studies and language and literature departments. participate in the professional activities of the library and its cataloging and slavic departments. requires ala-accredited mls; graduate level or advanced undergraduate level study in the slavic/east european area; knowledge of aacr2 and database cataloging (oclc, rlin, or wln); good knowledge of russian. prefer m.a. degree or other advanced degree in slavic language and literature or in the slavic/east european area; good knowledge of a south slavic language, preferably serbian or croatian; good knowledge of a western european language, preferably german or french. salary: $17,000-$19,000 dependent upon qualifications excellent benefits. applications must be postmarked by october 7, 1985. to apply, submit letter of application, resume, undergraduate and graduate transcripts, and names of 3 references to sandra k. gilliland, assistant to the dean, university of kansas libraries, lawrence, ks 66045-2800. minorities are encouraged to apply. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. september 1985 / 469 special collections librarian. duties and responsibilities: manage and develop the manuscript, archives, and rare book collections, process and catalog manuscript and archival materials, assist researchers in use of special collections materials, plan and develop records management program for the university. in addition, provide service at general reference desk, teach bibliographical resources courses, assist in database searching, and select materials in one or more subjects for the general collections. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree required; academic library experience, archival or special collections training, advanced degree in american history or literature, proficiency in one or more foreign languages desirable. 12–month faculty appointment. salary and rank commensurate with experience and qualifications. send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references with phone numbers by october 4 to: barbara j. brown, washington and lee university, lexington, va 24450. an equal opportunity employer. two positions, university of california, riverside. head of acquisitions. under the general direction and review of the head of technical services division, this position is responsible for the overall management and supervision of the acquisitions department. responsibilities include planning, implementing, and monitoring operations, evaluating staff performance, coordinating the aquisitions function with other library departments, and monitoring performance of vendors. the head of acquisitions also works closely with collection development department in the selection of library materials and monitoring the book budget. qualifications: graduate library degree or equivalent; experience and demonstrated competence in acquisitions work in a research library, and supervisory experience. strong analytic and interpersonal skills. experience with automated systems. record of university service, and/or participation in professional associations. knowledge of foreign languages, particularly spanish, french, or german is desirable. appointment salary range: $27,156-$34,080. available: november 1, 1985. senior cataloger. under the direction of the head of the cataloging department, the senior cataloger is responsible for 1) original cataloging and complex or partial copy cataloging in the sciences, social sciences, and humanities; 2) revision of original cataloging and new records input into oclc; and 3) training and assisting other catalogers and copy catalogers. qualifications: graduate library degree or equivalent; several years of recent research library cataloging experience, experience with aacr2 and library of congress practices and rule interpretations, subject headings, and classification; experience with oclc or other similar automated system. a working knowledge of spanish, french, german, or russian is highly desirable. appointment salary range: $25,728-$28,428. available immediately. additional assignment for either one of the above. depending on the qualifications of the individuals selected to fill these two positions, one of the positions will include a quarter–time assignment as latin american bibliographer. the latin american bibliographer is responsible for the development and management of library collections in support of subject areas related to latin american studies and for liaison with appropriate faculty concerned with these collections. qualifications for this assignment include a degree or relevant experience in latin anerican studies or related discipline, and excellent knowledge of spanish (reading writing, and speaking). a working knowledge of portuguese and library experience with latin american materials are highly desirable. send a letter of application for either position, resume, and list of five professional references to joan chambers, university librarian, university of california, riverside, p.0. box 5900, riverside, ca 92517. deadline for application is october 1, 1985. the university of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. ebsco offers the best in subscription information. ebsco is dedicated to having the best title file in the business. that’s why we maintain bibliographic and pricing information on over 165,000 foreign and domestic serials, as well as historical records on thousands of titles no longer in print. over 17,000 titles are added to our files each year. and, we make an average of 10,000 changes to existing title records each month, assuring you the most up–to–date serials information available. our staff includes professional librarians who verify the bibliographic accuracy of information added to our files. and, if a customer requests a title not currently listed in our title file, our research department leaves no stone unturned in seeking the information. that’s why ebsco can be your single source for periodicals, newspapers, newsletters, annuals, yearbooks, continuations, directories, book series, even irregular series – in hard cover, paper cover, audio cassette, or microform, except where there are publisher restrictions. when you need the best in subscription information, you need ebsco. structure bookmarks and the field of librarianship. contact: carlstone, anderson public library, anderson, sc29622.24-25—pacific northwest: “changing course:restructuring academic libraries,” the 6th annual joint fall conference of the acrl oregonand washington chapters, pack forest, washington. featured speakers include b.j. busch,area coordinator for the humanities and socialsciences library at the university of alberta;and paul baldwin, systems coordinator at simonfraser university. contact: pat silvernail, university of or sell library, georgia college, milledgeville, ga 31061; (912) 453-4047.november1—new england chapter: “librarians and labor relations,” acrl new england chapter fall conference, university of connecticut, storrs. topics include faculty status, collective bargain­ing, unionism, and the recent strike at yale. contact: susan sheridan, publicity acrl/nec, amherst college, amherst, ma 01002; (413) 542-2215.december5-6—user instruction: earlham college-eckerd college bibliographic instruction workshop, eckerd col deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their m for saleor sale. nuc pre-1956 imprints. complete mansell hardbound et in excellent condition, $10,000 or best offer. buyer pays shippingfs 452 / c&rl news september 1985 / 453 costs. contact jan zlendich, chair, technical services dept., calif. state univ., fullerton, po box 4150, fullerton, ca 92634.positions openaccess services and library automation coordi­nator. position currently open, starting as soon as possible, to manage access services programs including circulation, interlibrary loan, reserves, photocopy, current periodicals, non-print, and re­lated services; responsible for unit staff, policy development, budget, space planning, and coordination with other library uni modern european languages are preferred. salary: $24,000 plus depending upon qualifications; faculty status at the rank of senior assistant/associate librarian. send letter of application and resume including the names of at least three references to: ms. m. e. state, assistant to the director for personnel, university libraries, suny/ buffalo, 432 capen hall, buffalo, ny 14260. an eo/aa and title ix employer.catalog librarian. the united library of garrett-evangelical and seabury–western theological semina 454 / c&rl news ing for monographs in english and european languages in the fields of art history and architecture, including supplementary and difficult searching, bibliographic description, subject headings and assign­ment of call numbers, and authority work. it is responsible for orga­nizing and coordinating the flow of monographic materials to the avery (architecture) and fine arts libraries, including revision of the work of support staff who catalog monographs with lc copy. re­lated duties include bibliographic editi preferred. salary: $18,000 minimum. position currently available. send application letter; resume; name, address and phone number of three references by october 1, 1985, to: mary dale deacon, di­rector of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, las vegas, nv 89154. librarians have twelve-month, tenure-track appointments with twenty-four days vacation. unlv is an aa/eeo institution.cataloger, original monographs cataloging department (pc i). temporary one-year position. providing original and selective l director of librariesmcgill university(search reopened)applications are invited for the position of director of libraries at mcgill university. the appointment will be for an initial five-year term and may be renewed.the director of libraries is equivalent in academic rank to a dean and reports to the vice-principal (aca­demic). he or she will possess scholarly and administrative qualifications appropriate for the direction of a major university library system. these will normally include a doctoral level d september 1985 / 455 duties also include evaluation of collections, vendor performance, user needs assessment and collections utilization. participates in col­lections policy formulation and documentation. library serves schools of medicine and nursing with extensive research facilities; allied health programs and the university hospitals. required: ala accredited mls with at least three years recent experience in collec­tion development and acquisitions work in an academic health sci­ences library. good planning, writing, anal brary serves the schools of medicine, dentistry, nursing, and public health, the presbyterian hospital, and other affiliated health care, education, and research programs in the columbia-presbyterian medical center. the library has a full-time staff of over 45, a collec­tion of approximately 400,000 volumes, more than 3500 current journal titles, a large media center, and a comprehensive special col­lections section. excellent benefits include tuition exemption and as­sistance with university housing. salar east asian librarian c. v. starr east asian library columbia universitycolumbia’s east asian library is one of the largest and oldest in the nation. a major renovation of the facilities was completed in 1984, and the library was dedicated as the c. v. starr east asian library. the collections, representing exceptional breadth and depth in the humanities and social sciences, contain over 470,000 volumes principally in chinese, japanese, and korean, but also in manchu, mongolian, and tibetan. in addition, the 456 / c&rl news letter of application, resume and three references to: bobbye harper, director of personnel, the university of texas of the per­mian basin, odessa, tx 79762. aa/eoe.copy cataloging librarian, a full time, 12 month, tenure track appointment, available october 1,1985. responsible for coor­dinating and directing the work of the copy cataloging units in proc­essing materials through oclc using lc and oclc member-input copy. the cataloging department also utilizes a fully automated rec­ord management and integra k. gilliland, assistant to the dean, university of kansas libraries, lawrence, ks 66045-2800. minorities are encouraged to apply. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.curator/printed material. the edison institute. the edi­son institute (henry ford museum and greenfield village) is seeking a curator of printed material. the collection includes large and var­ied group of historical printed materials, with emphasis on advertis­ing and marketing literature. collection areas consist of broadsides, head, cataloging and systems departmentgeorge washington univesritythe gelman library, george washington university, seeks an innovative manager for the position of head of the cataloging and systems department. the library is in a period of expansion of services and collections. currently, it has approximately 1,000,000 volumes, and approximately 35,000 volumes are cataloged each year. it has been an oclc library since 1975 and has been using the dataphase alis ii system since 1980. in the next few months september 1985 / 457 of the faculty, pittsburgh theological seminary, 616 n. highland avenue, pittsburgh, pa 15206. applications must be submitted by october 15, 1985. pittsburgh seminary is associated with the pres­byterian church (u.s.a.) and is an aa/eeo employer.director of library services. the university of texas of the permian basin, a small upper level university offering degree programs at the bachelor’s and master’s level, invites applications for the position of director of library services. the director is respon­si head catalog librarian. university of arizona libraries is seeking a librarian to manage its catalog department under the gen­eral direction of the assistant librarian for technical services. re­sponsibilities: supervise a staff of 9.5 catalog librarians and 37 other career staff who are responsible for creation of bibliographic records for books, microforms, music, sound recordings, theses and a variety of other media in all major languages, including oriental lan­guages. the department maintains the catal associate director of libraries for library systemsuniversity of maryland, college park(search extended)the university of maryland, college park, invites nominations and applications for the position of associ­ate director of libraries for library systems. the position is responsible for providing the director of umcp libraries and the umcp library system with staff support in automated systems. the associate director serves as liaison to ail technical support groups, including the campus computer centers, 458 / c&rl news experience with online information services desired. experience in organizing and providing access to maps desired. subject speciali­zation in the physical sciences, preferably geology, or working expe­rience with a science/technology collection desired. salary range is $21,024-$36,996. anyone wishing to be considered for this position should write to: rita a. scherrei, director, administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los angeles, ca 90024. the velop and implement plans in conjunction with the library adminis­tration for documents service role in the changing university curricu­lum. assess the existing state and selective federal documents depository program and services. current collection includes over 235,000 federal documents and small but emerging state docu­ments collection, both serviced by one full-time staff. some part-time general reference duties required initially. ala accredited mls re­quired. at least one year’s work with federal doc associate librarianthe university of torontothe university of toronto invites applications and nominations for the position of associate librarian. the niversity of toronto operates canada’s largest academic and research library. the central library, hous­g a collection of 4.6 million volumes, interrelates with over forty other libraries within the university and its derated and associated institutions, bringing the total collection to over 5.8 million volumes.the central library seeks a senior administrato september 1985 / 459 experience. extended experience in library public services with em­phasis on reference work in academic or research libraries. demon­strated achievements in developing reference services in an institu­tion heavily committed to research. familiarity with the demands of and provisions for off-campus users. commitment to a participative style of management, with a demonstrated ability to guide group goal setting; to engender commitment to goals, to quality programs, and to a spirit of cooperation and teamwork. miliar with your professional qualifications by september 24, 1985, to edward s. warfield, johns hopkins university, office of personnel services, room 146 garland hall, baltimore, md 21218. affirmative action equal opportunity employer.medical reference/interlibrary loan librarian,state library of iowa. manual and computer-assisted medical and general reference service to state agencies, physicians, hospitals, and health care professionals across iowa. knowledge of medline highly desirable. strong service 460 / c&rl news workflow procedures; supervising the project, including the hiring, training and revising of student assistants in basic cataloging, marc tagging, and rlin database searching and inputting procedures; insuring that the project proceeds as scheduled; and maintaining quality control over the database. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are aptitude for analytical and detail work as demon­strated through previous relevant experience and or superior perfor­mance in a formal course in cataloging; pre ity of extension. deadline for applications is september 30,1985. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.public services librarian/information specialistat asu west, the dynamic new branch campus of arizona state uni­versity. asu west currently enrolls more than 2,200 students and ex­pects an enrollment of 10,000 by the mid-nineties. the primary re­sponsibility of this position is to provide leadership in the development of a comprehensive electronic information program. the successful candidate three positionstexas a&m university1) assistant head of reference. substantive participation in the administration of dynamic, centralized reference services. in consultation with head, reference division, defines and establishes goals and pro­cedures for general operations of the reference desk. oversees daily operation of the reference desk, in­cluding assisting with difficult reference questions and solving problems. provides comprehensive refer­ence assistance approximately five hours per week, includin september 1985 / 461 plications; subject knowledge of business or science/engineering; experience in collection development. send letter of application and resume which together address specific qualifications and thenames, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent referencesto: helen gater, director, asu west library, 4510 n. 37th avenue, phoenix, az 85019. copies of the complete description and an­nouncement of vacancy may be requested from the same person. recruitment will remain open until the position is filled. to en ment, science and engineering division. the division’s collections, which are housed in eight departmental libraries, total 500,000 vol­umes, with 5,000 periodical subscriptions received annually. in addi­tion to an accredited mls or the demonstrated equivalent in training and experience in bibliographic theory, organization, and practice, requirements are: previous relevant reference and database experi­ence and training, the ability to communicate and work effectively with faculty and students, a knowledg public services librarian purdy/kresge library wayne state universitypublic services librarian to provide comprehensive user services programs to students, faculty, and staff of the university, and to other patrons in the community in the purdy/kresge library. specific duties include: reference services (weekends on a rotational basis), bibliographic instruction, database searching and collection development in the social sciences and/or business fields. a tenure track position based on the standards of eva 462 / c&rl news library of iowa, capitol complex, des moines, ia 50319, attn john montag. aa/eoe.reference librarian/coordinator for biblio­graphic instruction. full-time appointment available imme­diately. plans, coordinates, and evaluates bibliographic instruction program for the gelman library, including an active course-related instruction program, preparation of printed guides and bibliogra­phies, and a graduate level credit course. will be responsible for new services planned for the fall semester to include research demic background and experience, all librarians at the gelman li­brary serve as subject specialists for particular areas. each subject specialist serves as the liaison to assigned departments and pro­grams, provides specialized research support and consultation ser­vices, and assumes collection development responsibilities for as­signed subjects. reports to the head of the reference and instruction department. qualifications: ala-accredited masters de­gree, ability to work effectively with the public and co head of reference services member of the faculty/librarydescription: experienced, energetic, innovative reference librarian sought to assume leadership respon­sibilities for reference services, bibliographic instruction, user education, faculty liaison duties, reference collection development and maintenance, and online search services. the position supervises 4.5 refer­ence librarians, several student reference assistants, and the heads of interlibrary loan, government docu­ments, and serials. the position september 1985 / 463 eo/aa employer.reference librarian, free lance. reference publisher re­quires individual for short-term, intensive bibliographic work-in the northeast–as part of a national research team. nearly full-time through december/january; ideal for librarian between jobs or re­tired. candidate should have mls and several years front-line refer­ence desk experience in academic research library. background in american history a plus. new york, washington or boston location preferred. send resume and salary history to ceived by october 31, 1985. asu is a committed equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply.science subject specialist/reference librarian.(two positions). full-time appointments available january 1, 1985. each subject specialist will serve as the liaison to assigned depart­ments and programs, provide specialized research support and consultation services, and assume collection development responsi­bilities for assigned subjects. shares responsibilities for re 464 / c&rl news names of three professional references to carolyn j. henderson, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305 by september 15, 1985. cite #269-ac all correspondence. we are an equal opportu­nity employer through affirmative action.special collections librarian, health sciences library primary responsibility for administering all operations, collections, and services of the section. the position, which reports to the assis­tant health sciences librarian for resources & reference services, provides genera technical services librarian. responsible for cataloging in all formats; supervision of 2.5 support staff and additional student help; oversight of serials, binding as well as end-processing; and in the initial years, will assist in the planning and implementation of a retrospective conversion of the 100,000 volume collection. qualifica­tions: mls from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of lc classification and subject headings; cataloging experience with aacr2, marc formats and oclc. individual wi archives librarian. under the direction of the head of manuscripts, archives and special collections, supervises the operations of the archives program within the unit. responsibilities include analyzing and maintaining the collection; selecting, training and supervising support staff; appraising, processing, arranging and cataloging collections; applying computer-based techniques to the control of and access to collections; reference; preparing exhibits; writing grant proposals; physical maintenance and pr september 1985 / 465 at arlington library, box 19497, arlington, tx 76019. the university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.catalog librarian, cataloging department, university of idaho library. full time, 12 month, tenure track. duties: original cataloging of monographs and microforms in a wide range of subject areas using aacr2, marc tagging, and lcclassification and subject headings, for inclusion in the western librarynetwork database. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited institution. three years ca 466 / c&rl news scholarly record meriting appointment as full professor, and have experience in university academic administration. salary, up to $65,000, commensurate with qualifications and experience. the position is available at the earliest mutually agreeable date between january 1, 1986 and july 1, 1986. application date: october 4. each applicant should submit a letter of application, a current resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three current professional references. to apply or to request a c september 1985 / 467 range depending on qualifications. position available 1 january 1986 or as soon thereafter as possible. send resume, including the names and addresses of three professional references, by 31 october 1985 to: william e. wenz, library personnel officer, room 447 general library, university of california, berkeley, ca 94720. the university of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.legal reference librarian, law library, university of california, los angeles. duties include, under the g 468 / c&rl news washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.serials catalqger. responsibility for cataloging english and foreign language serials using aacr2 rules as well as formating and marc tagging copy for input into the wln database. required: ala–accredited mls. desirable: experience in serial cataloging using lc classification, both pre–aacr and aacr1 rules, preferably in an academic library, ability to work with foreign languages commonly encountered in academic libraries; expe september 1985 / 469 special collections librarian. duties and responsibilities: manage anddevelop the manuscript, archives, and rare book collections, process andcatalog manuscript and archival materials, assist researchers in use ofspecial collections materials, plan and develop records management program forthe university. in addition, provide service at general reference desk, teachbibliographical resources courses, assist in database searching, and selectmaterials in one or more subjects for the general collections.qualifi ebscooffersthe best in subscription information.ebsco is dedicated to having the best title file in the business. that’s why we maintain bibliographic and pricing information on over 165,000 foreign and domestic serials, as well as historical records on thousands of titles no longer in print. over 17,000 titles are added to our files each year. and, we make an average of 10,000 changes to existing title records each month, assuring you the most up–to–date serials information available.our staff includes pro acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries jane 1996 3 8 9 the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $7.95 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $9.95 for others. late job notices are $19.25 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $22.95 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. dis­ play ad rates range from $355 to $675 based upon size. please call for sizes and rates. guidelines: for ads that list an application deadline, we suggest that date be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary range per policy of the american library association (ala). job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms fac­ ulty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. internet: c&rl news classified ads are accessible on acrl's homepage on the world wide web at http:// www.ala.org/acrl.html. ads will be placed approximately 2-3 weeks before the printed edition of c&rl wewsis published. to reach c&rl newsnet access the acrl homepage (http://www.ala.org/acrl.html), select c&rl news, and then choose the menu item job postings by job title. contact: jack helbig, classified advertising manager, c&rl news classified advertising department, acrl, ameri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611 2795; (312) 280-2513; fax: (312) 280-7663 or (312) 280-2520; e-mail: jhelbig@ala.org. policy: ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications or placement services comply with ala anti-discrimination policies. policy 54.3states that “ala is committed to equality of opportunity for all library employ­ ees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life­ style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala ser­ vices, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. books for sale in te r n e t d is c o u n t p r o f e s s io n a l b o o k c e n te r . 40 per­ cent off list price. 1000's of new/current books. all subjects. no second hand/remainders, http://www.probooks.com w orkshops r e -e n g in e e r in g l ib r a r ie s for c h a n g e . july 5, 1996, nyc (prior to ala). a a ro n c o h e n a s s o c ia te s ltd, 159 teatown rd., croton-on-hudson, ny 10520; phone: (914) 271 -8170; fax: (914) 271 2434; email: aca@acohen.com. c o n d u c t in g user s u r v e y s in a c a d e m ic l ib r a r ie s . july 5,1996. location: new york, new york, hotel millenium, rooms 4.04­ 4.05. fee: $175. contact: allyn fitzgerald, a s s o c ia tio n o f r e s e a rc h l ib ra rie s , 21 dupont circle, washington, dc 20036; phone: (202) 296-2296; fax: (202) 872-0884; e-mail: allyn@cni.org; homepage: http://arl.cni.org. catalog librarian (slavic/germanic languages) brow n u n iv e r s ity library as a catalog librarian, reporting to the head, catalog librarian, you will be respon­ sible for cataloging and classifying o f slavic and germanic language materials in all for­ mats and all subject areas, using aacr2r, usmarc formats, lc classification and subject headings. perform full authority work and contribute name headings to naco. you may also have the opportunity to assume collection development responsi­ bilities. requirements are: ala-accredited mls degree; reading knowledge o f russian and german languages; a minimum o f two years o f cataloging experience in an acade­ mic setting; familiarity with automated cata­ loging systems, marc formats, aacr2r, lcris, lcsh; experience with national bibli­ ographic utilities and authority control; abil­ ity to communicate clearly both orally and in writing; good analytical and problem solv­ ing skills. desired qualifications include a background in philosophy and religious studies and a reading knowledge o f other slavic and germanic languages. minimum salary $27,650, negotiable depending on experience. to be assured o f consideration, please send letter o f application, resume and names o f three references by june 30,1996, to: brown university, human resources, box 1879/b223, providence, rl 02912. brown university is an eeo/aa employer. f f t b r o w n u niv e r sity s t a t is t ic s for l ib r a r ia n s . september26-27,1996 . location: conference room, arl, 21 dupont circle, washington, dc. fee: $350. contact: allyn fitzgerald, a s s o c ia tio n o f r e s e a rc h l ib ra rie s , 21 dupont circle. washington, dc 20036; phone: (202) 296-2296; fax: (202) 872-0884; e-mail: allyn@ cni.org; homepage: http:// arl.cni.org. e le c t r o n ic p u b l is h in g o f d a t a s ets on th e w o r l d w ide w e b . oct. 28-30, 1996. location: university of virginia, charlottesville, va. fee: $350. contact: allyn fitzgerald, a s s o c ia ­ t io n o f r e s e a rc h l ib ra rie s , 21 dupont circle, washington, dc 20036; phone: (202) 296-2296; fax: (202) 872-0884; e-mail: allyn@cni.org; home page: http://arl.cni.org. positions open a r c h iv e s a n d m a n u s c r ip t s l ib r a r ia n (p r o c e s s in g ). faculty rank, tenure-track position (assistant professor). responsi­ bilities: access, arrange, and describe manuscript collections and archives; prepare finding aids for inclusion in automated and manual systems; determine appropriate preservation/conservation measures and assist with holdings maintenance; assist with provision of referhttp://www.ala.org/acrl.html http://www.ala.org/acrl.html mailto:jhelbig@ala.org http://www.probooks.com mailto:aca@acohen.com mailto:allyn@cni.org http://arl.cni.org mailto:allyn@cni.org mailto:allyn@cni.org http://arl.cni.org 390/c&rl news tenure-track librarian positions available long island university brooklyn campus head of public services to direct and coordinate smooth operations of public service units: circulation, reference peri­ odicals including access and media services, bl ‚ ill. responsible for planning, budgets, staff de­ velopment, information technologies, patron ser­ vices. ala-mls, minimum five years professional library experience with increasing administration and supervisory responsibility including three years as departm ent head, preferably in an auto­ mated academic library. broad knowledge of online and remote-access services, including internet, preferred. head of technical services to direct and evaluate operations of technical services divisions, including acquisitions, cata­ loging, serials, automated systems. responsible for planning‚ budget, current, and future technolo­ gies, personnel, quality control. o versee rapidly growing materials budget. qualifications: ala mls, minimum five years professional library experience with increasing administration and supervisory responsibility, preferably in an auto­ mated academ ic library. required: m anaging in­ tegrated automated system, experience with origi­ nal cataloging, cataloging of nonprint and serials, and solid knowledge of marc, ddc, aacr2r, oclc, lcsh, authority control. technology-media librarian provide leadership fo r planning, designing, imple­ menting current and future technologies including distance-learning, remote-access networks, online services, educational multimedia. act as liaison to vendors, campus computing, university. adminis­ tration on budgets, contracts, equipment, soft­ ware. train users, staff, faculty in future instruc­ tional models. qualifications: ala-mls, three years experience with som e supervisory. pre­ ferred: five years academ ic library experience in autom ation/m ulti-m edia position. received: ex­ tensive knowledge of networked environments, emerging technologies, hardware, software, ap­ propriate technical standards. all three positions: excellent w ritten and oral comm unication skills required. salary com ­ m ensurate with qualifications. send resume and three references (with phone numbers and addresses) to: terri campo personnel department long island university 1 university plaza brooklyn, ny 11201 ence and user services; train and supervise student and volunteer processing assistants; participate in the management and develop­ ment of unit programs; participate in other library activities as appro­ priate; meet faculty requirements for librarianship, professional devel­ opment, research, and service. qualifications required: a master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; course work or training in archives theory and practice; two years experience, in the process­ ing and preservation of unpublished materials; ability to communicate and work effectively with researchers, administrators, university and library faculty, and the public; knowledge of trends and issues in the communication of scholarly information; and must be able to lift cartons weighing 30 to 40 pounds. preferred: graduate degree in history, literature, or other relevant discipline, with a focus on the american southwest and the borderlands; familiarity with marc formats; familiarity with appropriate microcomputer applications; competence in the spanish language. compensation: twelve-month contract with competitive salary and benefits package ($30,500 minimum). new mexico state university is a landgrant institution that enrolls more than 15,000 students in 75 major undergraduate areas, 45 master’s degree programs, and 19 doctoral degree programs. the library contains approximately 950,000 volumes in two facilities and has a budget of approximately $5 million. the rio grande historical collections and the university archives consist of approximately 12,000 cubic feet of unpublished documentary materials related to the southwestern experience and the university’s past. the holdings comprise all formats, including oral and video recordings and approxi­ mately half a million still photographs. many of these photographs are being digitized to increase access and permit the originals to be placed in long-term cold storage. the program is engaged in an active cooperative microfilming program which has produced more than 500 rolls of microfilm of the records of the archdiocese of durango, mexico. to apply: send letter of application, current resume, and the names, titles, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three recent references to: austin hoover, chair, archives and manuscripts search committee, new mexico state university library, p.o. box 30006, las cruces, nm 88003. review of applications will begin july 15, 1996, and will continue until the position is filled. new mexico state university is an aa/eeo employer. offer of employment is contingent upon verification of individual’s eligibility for employment in the united states. archives and manuscripts librarian (reformatting/ reprographic). faculty rank, tenure-track position (instructor). responsibilities: manage m icrofilm ing, copy photography, and digital reformatting projects; train and supervise microfilmers, copy photography and darkroom assistants, and digital scanning station operators; monitor production and quality control; coordinate pres­ ervation of photographic images; assist with the provision of refer­ ence and user services; participate in the management and devel­ opment of unit programs; participate in other library activities as appropriate; m onitor and explore new developments in the field; meet faculty requirements for librarianship, professional develop­ ment, research, and service. q ualifications required: m aster’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; course work or training in archives theory and practice; experience with archival audiovisual materials; training in the conservation of photographic images and in optical technologies; knowledge of the history of photography and photographic processes; experience in m icrofilm ­ ing, photographic copying, and digital reformatting; speaking and writing competence in spanish; extensive experience on pc and mac com puter platforms and knowledge of suitable software and internet applications; ability to communicate and work effectively with researchers, administrators, university and library faculty and the public; and must be able to lift cartons weighing 30 to 40 pounds. preferred: graduate degree in history, literature, or other relevant discipline with a focus on the american southwest and the border­ lands; fam iliarity with marc formats. compensation: tw elve­ month contract with com petitive salary and benefits package ($28,000 minimum). new mexico state university is a landgrant institution that enrolls more than 15,000 students in 75 major undergraduate areas, 45 master’s degree programs, and 19 doc­ toral degree programs. the library contains approximately 950,000 volumes in two facilities and has a budget of approximately $5 million. the rio grande historical collections and the university archives consist of approximately 12,000 cubic feet of unpublished documentary materials related to the southwestern experience and the university’s past. the holdings comprise of all formats, includ­ ing oral and video recordings and approximately half a million still photographs. many of these photographs are being digitized to increase access and permit the originals to be placed in long-term cold storage. the program is engaged in an active cooperative microfilm ing program that has produced more than 500 rolls of june 1996/391 systems librarian the m oore library at rider university seeks an individual with training and skills in library technologies for a tenure-track facul­ ty position. responsibilities: 1) provides library faculty leadership and training for library technologies and, in partnership with library administrative staff and the office o f information technologies technical staff, is the library faculty liaison on hardware, maintenance and troubleshooting issues; 2) operates the library’s cd-rom network, oclc workstations, and provides technical expertise for networked information resources; 3) participates in reference and one other aspect o f public services. the moore library has 10 librarian positions, 18 staff, a client/server integrated system, 380.000 volumes, and 1,400 subscriptions for 4,000 students and 250 plus faculty. qualifi­ cations: a.l.a. accredited master’s degree, at least tw o years o f experience with novell, cd-rom databases, windows operating sys­ tem, and know ledge o f current trends in library technologies are required. experi­ ence in an academic library and with unix, tcp/ip and w w w client/server technolo­ gies is preferred. rank is dependent upon qualifications. promotion and tenure require a second graduate degree and scholarly activity. competitive salary and benefits. review o f applications will begin june 3, 1996 and w ill continue until the position is filled, with a targeted starting date o f august 15, 1996. send letter o f application, resume and names, addresses and phone numbers o f three references to kathryn holden, a ctin g d irecto r o f library services, r ider u n iversity libraries, 2083 lawrenceville road, lawrenceville, nj 08648. visit rider university on the internet at http://www.rider.edu. rider university is an equal opportunity/affirmative action em ployer and does not discriminate on the basis o f age, race, sex, disability, sexual orientation, national origin, religion, or any other non-job related criteria. microfilm of the records of the archdiocese of durango, mexico. to apply: send letter of application, current resume, and names, titles, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three recent refer­ ences to: austin hoover, chair, archives and manuscripts search committee, new mexico state university library, po box 30006, las cruces, nm 88003. review of applications will begin july f 5, 1996 and will continue until the position is filled. new mexico state university is an aa/eeo employer. o ffer of employment is contin­ gent upon verification of individual’s eligibility for employment in the united states. assistant director for access services duties: super­ vise installation process during initial stages of horizon implementa­ tion; supervise ongoing installation of horizon and companion soft­ ware on client workstations; manage operations of access services, including cataloging, material preparation, interlibrary loan, circula­ tion services, stacks management, and document delivery; organize and participate in original on-site horizon training; supervise mainte­ nance agreements for horizon system; participate in horizon users group; supervise paraprofessionals and student workers. required: ala-accredited mls; expert knowledge of aacr2, lcsh; cataloging experience with a bibliographic utility, preferably in an academic setting. position available july 1, 1996. send letter of application, resume, transcripts, and the names and addresses of three refer­ ences postmarked by june 15,1996, to: lewis & clark community college, personnel department, room 107, 5800 godfrey rd., godfrey, il 62035. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. assistant librarian. assistant librarian for a small, rural col­ lege library with 50,000 volumes and a small staff. requirements: mls, minimum one to two years experience, and generalist-type skills. oclc, technical, system experience highly desirable. salary: midto uppertwenties, depending on qualifications. send letter, resume, and the names of three references to: sally andrews, librarian, marlboro college, marlboro, vt 05344. application review starts may 27,1996 , and continues until position is filled. eoe. assistant librarian, reference. state university of new york, college of old westbury. twelve-month, tenure track faculty salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for governmental agencies that employ librarians. the recom­ mendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommenda­ tions for minimum salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel re­ sources. connecticut $31,273 delaware $22,500+ illinois $27,400# indiana varies* iowa $24,533 louisiana $22,000 maine varies* massachusetts $27,554* new jersey $30,128 new york varies* north carolina $24,367+ ohio $25,198+ pennsylvania $23,700* rhode island $29,800 south carolina varies* south dakota $22,000 texas $26,000 vermont $23,846 w est virginia $22,000 wisconsin $25,830 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a form ula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state associa­ tion for minimum salary information. +salary minimums for public librarians only. #option for local formula. http://www.rider.edu 392/c&rl news two cataloging librarian positions west virginia university libraries health sciences catalo g ing librarian catalogs original and m em ber copy fo r titles in all form ats for the health sciences library using lcsh and mesh, acts as cataloging liaison to the health sciences library; assists other cataloging staff with cataloging for other libraries; assists with database cleanup projects. reports to head of the cataloging department. o ther responsibilities may include supervision, collection development, and p ublic service duties. minimum q u alificatio ns: m aster’s degree from ala-accredited program; three years of catalog­ ing experience in a university, college, or large public library cataloging departm ent; experience with using a national bibliographic utility such as oclc or rlin. preferred: experience in cataloging m edical titles, experience using notis. salary and rank: $28,000 minimum, appointm ent at assistant u niversity librarian or higher, depending on experience and qualifications. librarian appointm ents at wvu libraries are 12-month, non-tenure-track faculty. benefits include tiaa-cref, variety of m edical plans, 24 days vacation and 18 days sick leave. database m a in tenance/ca talo ging librarian catalogs original and m em ber copy fo r titles in all form ats for all wvu libraries; directs database clean­ up projects. reports to head of the c ataloging department. o ther responsibilities may include supervision, collection developm ent, and public service duties. minimum qualificatio ns: m aster’s degree from an ala-accredited program; experience with using a national bibliographic utility such as oclc or rlin. hig hly desired: previous cataloging experience; experience with notis; experience with the com plete dewey decimal classification. salary and rank: $27,000 minimum, appointm ent at assistant university librarian or higher, depending upon experience and qualifications. librarian appointm ents are 12-month, non-tenure-track faculty. benefits include tiaa-cref, variety of medical plans, 24 days vacation and 18 days sick leave. cataloging librarians are expected to have good working knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lcri, library of congress schedules, a reading knowledge of o n e foreign language, the ability to w ork independently and excellent oral and written com m unication skills. the cataloging departm ent underthe direction of the head of the departm ent has a staff of 10.5 fte including binding, and is responsible for the integrity of the notis online catalog. starting date: septem ber 1,1996. applicatio n: w est virginia university is strongly com m itted to diversity and w elcom es nominations and applications from all qualified individuals. forward letter of application; resume; and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references to: donna capelle cook, chairperson search com mittee for cataloging positions w ise library p.o. box 6069 west virginia university morgantown, wv 26506-6069 review of applications will begin june 30 ,19 9 6 , and continue until the position is filled. west virginia university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer, women and minorities are encouraged to apply. the university attempts to be responsive to dual career couples. appointment beginning september 1996. responsibilities: general reference duties in a liberal arts college library, to include: work with reference databases and automated library systems, responsibility for interlibrary loans, and involvement in library instruction. some evening and weekend work is required. qualifications: accredited mls or equivalent, with academic library and interlibrary loan experi­ ence preferred. the college at old westbury is located on a 600-acre campus in long island’s nassau county, and maintains a rich racially and culturally diverse student body. send letter of interest, resume, and three letters of reference by july 22,1996, to: director of personnel and affirmative action, screening committee: rl-al, suny college at old westbury, box 210, old westbury, ny 11568. (regretfully, travel funds for interviewing are unavailable.) salary: $25,614 mini­ mum. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. aa/eoe. catalog librarian. cornette library, west texas a&m univer­ sity. reports to associate university librarian. responsible for the daily operation of the cataloging department. duties: supervise and participate in the bibliographic control of library materials in all formats; train and evaluate subordinates; supervise check-in and claiming of serials; propose goals and objectives in accordance with the library's mission; develop and interprets policies, practices, and june 1996/393 head, cataloging department ucla library u n d e r the general direction of the associate university librarian for c ollections and technical services, manages the operations of the cataloging departm ent including ongoing review and revision of policies and procedures in a highly automated and changing environment. sets goals and establishes priorities and work flow, coordinating practices among sections and providing specific decisions and interpretations as required. adm inisters the d epartm ent’s personnel program, providing leadership and guidance in staff training and development. has personal responsibility fo r the selection, supervision, and evaluation of the professional m em bers of the m onographic cataloging teams, and of the heads of the authority, continuations cataloging, rapid cataloging, and records m anagem ent and physical processing sec­ tions. assesses resource needs and monitors fund expenditures. leads the departm ent in making efficient and innovative use of available tools, equipment, and technologies; and strives to create an environm ent that encourages and recognizes high performance, facilitates effective com m unication at all levels, and fosters teamwork. participates actively in the form ulation of cataloging and technical services policies as a m em ber of the advisory com mittee on cataloging and the technical services council. advises the library adm inistration on overall library initiatives as a m em ber of the adm inistrative c onferenceis expected to participate in cataloging programs and standard setting on a national level. q u alificatio ns: demonstrated excellent m anagerial, planning, leadership, comm unication, and interpersonal skills and experience in an academ ic or research library and in a com plex library network environment. substantial and progressively responsible experience with planning, budgeting, and person­ nel m anagem ent. direct knowledge of, and experience with, the marc form ats, the anglo-am erican cataloguing rules, and the application and interpretation of library of c ongress subject headings and classification. direct knowledge of, and experience with, one of the national bibliographic utilities, preferably oclc. experience with a local integrated library system. knowledge of cataloging and automated systems sufficient to take an active role in planning for and implementing a new integrated library system and associated work flow changes. knowledge of national cataloging standards and issues, and trends in technical services and autom ation, including the program for c ooperative cataloging. salary range: $36,648– $60,004. anyone w ishing to be considered for the position should write to: rita a. scherrei a ssociate university librarian for personnel and adm inistrative services university research library ucla 11334 url, box 951575 los angeles, ca 90095-1575 the application letter should include a complete statem ent of qualifications, a full resume of education and relevant experience, and the names of at least three persons who are knowledgeable about the applicant’s qualifications for this position. candidates applying by july 31 ‚ 1996, will be given first consideration. standards; prepare written reports and statistics; serves as liaison from the cataloging department to other departments in the library and to the university. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or equivalent; three years of professional cataloging experience in an academic library, including two consecutive years with one organization; expe­ rience in cataloging a wide variety of formats, especially serials; familiarity with serial check-in systems; knowledge of and experience with aacr2r, lcsh, lc classification, oclc, and an integrated library system; proven supervisory experience. experience with the dra library automation system is highly desirable. benefits: $26,500/ 12 months. employer contribution to health insurance and benefits package. choice of retirement program. cornette library: ample work space and aesthetically pleasing interiors distinguish this 150,000 square-foot building which houses 270,000 volumes, 1,850 current periodicals, and 650,000 government documents. founding member of multitype regional consortium, which provides fully integrated automation services to more than 30 academic, public, school, and special libraries in a 25-county service area. general information: wtamu is located 15 miles south of amarillo in canyon, texas; and offers a choice of small town or city living, both inexpensive. the university has approximately 6,500 students, and offers 60 under­ graduate and 32 graduate degree programs. renowned panhandle plains historical museum located on campus. minutes away from spectacular palo duro canyon. only a few hours’ drive to santa fe and the mountains of northern new mexico. pleasant climate. no state income tax. application deadline: applications will be accepted until june 24,1996. mail resume and the names of three references and their phone numbers to: joann lowrance, director, personnel services, west texas a&m university, wtamu box 999, canyon, tx 79016-0001. wtamu is an aa/eo employer. cataloger, humanities/german. notre dame libraries seek a humanities cataloger to catalog monographs in all formats, with an emphasis on philosophy and german language materials, for an expanding research collection. in addition to performing original cataloging using oclc and notis and contributing to naco, partici­ pates in formulation of policy and assists in quality control and problem solving in the cataloging department. cooperates with subject librarians in relevant fields in providing outstanding biblio­ graphic access and may assume some collection development duties. graduate degree from an ala-accredited library school and an undergraduate or graduate degree in a humanities discipline, preferably philosophy, required, as is an excellent reading knowledge of german and a working knowledge of at least one other european 394/c&rl news resource services librarian for english, american and comparative literatures and film studies milton s. eisenhower library the johns hopkins university the mission of the resource service department is to deliver the full range of reference, instructional, and collection developm ent s e rvices to the hopkins community. resource services librarians are subject specialists, each of whom is responsible fo r building strong, client-centered relationships with the faculty and students in the handful of disciplines he or she serves. the eisenhower library’s com m itm ent to working a s a valued p artner in th e academ ic enterprise is being felt in four key ways: a concentration on designing services which respond to user feedback; a com m itm ent t o enable fa c u ity , students, a n d s ta ff t o m aster th e n e w inform ation environm ent; a focused effort toward creating the digital library of the future; and a m ajor rem odeling and programm atic re­ orientation of the library’s public service spaces. the eisenhower library prizes initiative, creativity, professionalism, and teamwork. responsibilities understand and facilitate the work of the english department, the film and media studies program, the humanities center, and the w riting seminars program, and cultivate and maintain close working relationships with the m embers of those departments. select traditional and electronic resources fo r the collection in assigned subject areas and manage related budgets. develop w eb-based resources in assigned subject areas. provide a variety of general reference, research consultation and instructional services to the academ ic community. qualifications mls from an ala-accredited library school required, and an advanced degree in english literature or equivalent experience strongly desired. c om m itm ent to quality, client-centered services. ability to conduct seminars and instructional programs in the use of the library and its resources. knowledge of the internet and the world w ide w eb. two or more years’ experience in collection developm ent and/or reference in a research library required. reading knowledge of two european languages, particularly french and german, highly desirable. w illingness to w ork a flexible schedule (including some evenings and weekends) as part of a team. the hiring range for this position is $35,619– $44,667, depending on education and experience. benefits include 22 days vacation; free life insurance; tuition benefits; tiaa/cref retirement program; and group health plan cost shared by individual and university. to apply, send letter o f application indicating job #596-266, resume, and three letters of reference, by july 1 5 , 1996, to: the johns hopkins university office of human resources 119 garland hall baltimore, md 21218 aa/eoe. smoke-free and drug-free. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. language. knowledge of aacr2, marc, and lc classification and subject headings; previous cataloging experience with oclc and with an automated library system required. experience in an aca­ demic library highly desirable. individual must be committed to continued professional development and active participation in the organizational life of the libraries. faculty status: nontenure track. minimum salary: $30,000, with a competitive benefits package. search to continue until position is filled, with consideration assured to applications received by june 30, 1996. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names and addresses of three refer­ ences to: sharon a. veith, human resource representative, 221 hesburgh library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556; te le p h o n e : (219) 6 3 1 -5 6 7 9 ; fa x: (2 1 9 ) 6 3 1 -6 7 7 2 ; e -m a il: sharon.a.veith.1 @nd.edu. notre dame is an equal opportunity, affir­ mative action employer. women, minorities, and disabled individuals are strongly encouraged to apply. chemistry-mathematics librarian. library faculty vacancy. university of oklahoma. duties: under the direction of the head of branch libraries, the chemistry-mathematics librarian supervises the chemistry-mathematics branch library and the physics branch library. this includes the review, development, and implementation of programs and services; the hiring, training, supervision, and evaluation of staff; the provision of reference service, including database searching; the maintenance and circulation of library mate­ rials; the selection, weeding, and evaluation of the collection; the provision of orientation and library instruction. the chemistry-math­ ematics librarian serves as liaison between the university libraries june 1996/395 social sciences librarian library, trinity university trinity university, san antonio, texas, invites applications from reference librarians for the position of social sciences librarian, a faculty appointm ent which may be entry-level. trinity, with 2,400 undergraduates and 200 graduate students, is strongly committed to excellence in support of the liberal arts and sciences tradition. selective admissions, highly qualified faculty, outstanding teaching programs, support for library development, and com m itm ent to undergraduate research place trinity among the excellent liberal arts and sciences institutions in the nation. presently, the maddux library collection holds nearly 800,000 volumes, plus sizable holdings of governm ent documents, microforms, and media. a building expansion project is in the planning stage. general reference duties, including scheduled evening and weekend hours, are a significant part of this position. prim ary responsibilities also include liaison work with selected social sciences departments and programs, possibly including history, political science, sociology, anthropology, and economics; collection developm ent and managem ent activities; and user education. the reference department consists of five librarians and two assistants who report to the assistant d irector for public services and collections. scholarship, including publication, and professional service are expected activities in this tenure-track position. qualifications: demonstrated skill in reference service and user education, knowledge of print and electronic resources, microcomputer experience, and an ala-accredited mls degree. baccalaureate or graduate degree in a social science discipline is preferred. trinity seeks librarians who wish to function in a campus community both as librarians and as academics, who demonstrate an appreciation for and com m itm ent to undergraduate liberal arts and sciences education, who possess initiative, energy, creativity, and good interpersonal skills, and who have the ability to function effectively in a complex organization with strong professional commitment. assistant professor rank with tenure track. salary minimum $28,000, or higher depending on experience or other qualifications. this is a twelve month appointment with tiaa/cref and other fringe benefits. position available august 1, 1996, or as soon thereafter as possible. send a letter of application including description of experience and interests, a detailed resume, a placement file if available, and the names of three references to: richard meyer library director trinity university 715 stadium drive san antonio, tx 78212-7200 trinity university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer; we especially encourage applications from minorities. and the department of chemistry, the department of mathematics, and the department of physics and astronomy. this position is governed by the university’s policies for research or creative achieve­ ment and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; library or related experience working with the subject literature of a science discipline or an undergraduate degree in the sciences; knowledge of database searching and electronic resources; teaching or bibliographic instruction experience. desirable: advance degree in the sciences; supervisory experience; experience in library collection development; familiarity with notis or some other automated library system; experience with a major bibliographic utility; evidence of research and publication; strong interpersonal and communication skills. deadline for applications: july 15,1996. available: september 1, 1996. salary: $27,000 minimum. benefits: tiaa/cref; state retirement system; 33 days of paid leave; short-term disability leave; university holidays; comprehensive medical protection; and group life insurance. university libraries: a member of the research librar­ ies group, amigos, and arl, the university libraries consists of a main library and six branches. the collection contains more than 2.4 million volumes, 16,000 periodical subscriptions, and three outstand­ ing special collections in the history of science, western history, and business history. the libraries operate a computerized library system (notis), including local holdings, subject databases, and network connections to other libraries. norman, oklahoma, is an attractive community close to a major metropolitan city. employment: librar­ ians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, and the rank of assistant professor or above; and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume, a list of publications, and the names of three references, including current supervisor, to: donald c. hudson, assistant to the dean for administrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019; phone: (405) 325-2611. the university of oklahoma is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. we encourage women and minority appli­ cants, and we are responsive to the needs of dual-career couples. collection and information resource development librarian. academic staff position as collection and information resource development librarian at uw-stout, a special-mission university in northwestern wisconsin with an enrollment of 7,000. qualifications: ala-accredited master's degree in library/informa­ tion studies required. three years of experience. works with faculty, staff and students to identify collection and information, research needs of the university community. actively promotes and coordi­ nates formal information resource development liaison contacts with academic departments in conjunction with the information de­ velopment resource work group. trains and supervises ordering/ receiving clerk. reference and library instruction tasks are also 396/c&rl news head of multimedia cataloging section the university of california, irvine the libraries at the university of california seek a head of the multimedia cataloging section. the incumbent is responsible for the cataloging of nonbook form ats including, but not restricted to sound recordings, la s e r discs, videocassettes, 16mm film, microforms, and electronic resources (cd-rom, co m p u te r files, internet)— m ongraphic and serial. this position will supervise one library assistant iv. the salary will be comm ensurate with qualifications and experience within a range of $34,188– $48,540 (assistant librarian iv– librarian i). the library collection, supported by a materials budget of approxim ately $4,200,000, consists of 1.6 million volumes and 17,000 current serials. the catalog departm ent utilizes oclc and innovative interface to catalog approxim ately 30,000 volumes annually for the main, science and medical center libraries. the university of california, irvine, is nestled in 1,489 acres of coastal foothills, five miles from the pacific ocean between san diego and los angeles. to request a copy of th e full position description, send your name and mailing instructions by e-mail to: jlkaufm a@ uci.edu or by fax to (714) 824-1288 or leave a message at (714) 824-4716 applications received by july 30,1996, will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. the university of california, irvine, is an equal opportunity employer (educator) committed to excellence through diversity. assigned. candidates must demonstrate critical thinking, solid teach­ ing, effective communication skills, and positive performance as a team member in a rapidly changing electronic environment. salary: $33,000 annually. closing date for applications: june 30, 1996. expected begin date: august 1, 1996. interested candidates should send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: john j. jax, director, library learning center, uw-stout, menomonie, wl 54751. uw-stout is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer committed to diversity in its people and its programs. uw-stout especially encourages applications from women, persons of color, and persons with disabilities. the university is open to considering qualified spouses for available positions. nominees and applicants who have not requested in writing that their identity not be revealed and all finalists’ names will be released upon request. coordinator of information instruction. the new mexico state university library seeks an energetic team player to lead a dynamic information instruction program. the successful candidate will coordinate and teach both course-related instruction and for credit courses; will provide leadership in developing the information instruction program and in developing librarians as instructors fo r that program; will work with faculty in the library and campuswide to promote library instruction and information literacy; and will evaluate the effectiveness and outcomes of information instruction at nmsu. other duties include reference service with some night and weekend hours; collection management; and other duties, committee assign­ ments, and projects, as assigned. rank: assistant professor or higher (tenure-track, faculty status). required: ala-accredited mls or equiva­ lent; two years of library experience or related teaching experience; thorough knowledge of print and electronic information sources, including the internet; excellent written and oral communication skills; demonstrated ability to meet the requirements for faculty promotion and tenure. preferred: experience in planning, designing, and leading a library user-education program; experience in teaching for-credit courses; knowledge of established and emerging instructional tech­ nologies; ability to develop computer-assisted instruction programs; experience working in electronic classrooms; a second master’s degree. a reading and speaking knowledge of spanish is desirable. nmsu, new mexico’s landgrant university, enrolls over 15,000 stu­ dents in 71 undergraduate, 45 master’s, and 19 doctoral degree programs. nmsu is classified as a carnegie i research institution, and is a member of the hispanic association of colleges and universities. the university library has an annual budget exceeding $5 million and contains approximately one million volumes in two buildings. a new building houses humanities and social sciences collections, as well as an electronic classroom to be completed by september 1996. a recently renovated building houses agriculture, engineering, science, and business collections and is scheduled to house an electronic classroom. library computer resources include vtls, innovacq, a campuswide cd-rom lan, access to the internet, and multiple microcomputer applications. located along the rio grande in south­ ern new mexico, nmsu is 40 miles north of the el paso, tx-juarez, mexico metropolitan area, at the southern end of the rocky moun­ tains. this desert area enjoys abundant sunshine and is within easy driving distance to alpine areas that include excellent hiking, skiing, and water sports. salary: minimum 30,500 for a 12-month appoint­ ment. benefits include 22 vacation days per year. send letter of application, resume, and the names and telephone numbers of three references to: karen stabler, chair, coordinator of information in­ struction search committee. review of applications will begin july 15, 1996 and will continue until august 15, 1996. new mexico state university library, box 30006, dept. 3475, las cruces, nm 88003 0006. new mexico state university is an eeo, aa employer. offers of employment contingent upon verification of the individual’s eligibility for employment in the united states. digital resources catalog librarian, original and special materials cataloging. columbia university librar­ ies. columbia university seeks an experienced cataloger familiar with a variety of electronic formats and internet resources to assist in developing our program for bibliographic control of electronic and digital materials. reporting to the head, original and special materials cataloging department, the incumbent will work with staff from the bibliographic control division, the electronic text service, the library systems office, and academic information services to develop plans and methods to provide appropriate access to electronic resources; provide original cataloging for electronic and digital resources added to the libraries’ collections or available through the campus network (including electronic texts, computer files, internet resources, digi­ tized materials, and interactive media); provide advice and assistance mailto:jlkaufma@uci.edu june 1996/397 emmanuel college library director emmanuel college, located in the center of boston’s cultural, medical, and educational com­ munities, is a catholic liberal arts college for women, enrolling 1,500 students and admitting men and women to graduate and professional programs. the college seeks a library director with strong leadership and team-building abili­ ties. the successful candidate must be able to motivate and guide the staff, establish priorities and responsibilities, participate in budget plan­ ning for library services, establish effective com­ munications with the college community, par­ ticipate in collegewide committees, and serve on the boards of fenway library consortium and the fenway libraries online and have strong m anagem ent skills for the development and support of all library initiatives. qualifications: master’s degree in library science from an ala accredited institution. second m aster’s degree in a subject field is highly desired. minimum 5–7 years successful adm inistrative experience in an academic li­ brary. experience with library planning and de­ sign. strong com m itm ent to service and infor­ mation literacy. knowledge of implementing tech­ nological applications for information access and delivery. demonstrated organizational and leadership qualities. effective interpersonal and comm unication skills. interested candidates should send a cover let­ ter and resume to: mary ferreira emmanuel college 400 the fenway boston, ma 02115 cataloger (anticipated vacancy) state university of new york college at oneonta suny college at oneonta invites applications for an anticipated position of cataloger, senior as­ sistant or associate librarian (12 month, tenure track). qualifications: accredited mls, minimum five years cataloging experience, working knowl­ edge of aacr2r, lc and dewey classification/ lcsh, oclc, fam iliarity with integrated library systems (multilis preferred) and microcomputer applications. duties: serials cataloging, original and com ­ plex copy cataloging in all subject areas and formats, bibliographic problem resolution, and authority control. participates in night/weekend public service rotation. salary is competitive. suny offers a comprehensive benefits package. review of applications will begin on july 10, 1996. send resume with cover letter and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: vice president for multicultural affairs box l, 309 netzer administration building suny college at oneonta oneonta, ny 13820. suny oneonta is an eeo/aa employer. in mapping metadata from external sources to accepted standards and formats; and keep abreast of methods and guidelines for control of electronic information and advise staff on new developments. the libraries are currently engaged in an expanding program to digitize, network, and catalog a wide variety of textual materials and images. the original and special materials cataloging department (15.5 professional and 14 support staff) provides cataloging for all nonbook formats, serials, and specialized materials such as rare books, middle east languages, and art and architecture, as well as original catalog­ ing for all subjects and formats. requirements: accredited mls; previous cataloging experience with an excellent working knowledge of cataloging principles and procedures, including aacr2r, lc sub­ ject headings and classification, usmarc formats, and guidelines under development for electronic resources; experience with biblio­ graphic utilities and computer applications in libraries; reading knowl­ edge of two european languages; working knowledge of sgml, html, and tei; sound judgment; strong communications and orga­ nizational skills; an aptitude for complex, analytical and detailed work. experience with computer applications in humanities research and supervisory skills are desirable. current salary ranges (which will increase july 1, 1996): librarian i: $32,500– $42,250; librarian ii: $34,500–$46,575; librarian iii: $37,500– $56,250. excellent benefits include assistance with university housing and tuition exemption for self and family. send resume and the names, addresses and phone numbers of three references, to: kathleen mechanic, assistant vice president for human resources, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th st., new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is august 1 ‚ 1996. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. electronic resources manager/assistant head of technical services department. james madison univer­ sity, located in virginia’s shenandoah valley, is a state-supported institution. jmu offers outstanding undergraduate instruction and supports high-quality programs at the graduate level. carrier library seeks applications for a professional position in a consolidated technical services department which includes cataloging, serials, acquisitions, preservation/binding, and interlibrary loan. we are seeking an experienced professional who can provide leadership in adapting technical services operations for an increasingly electronic environ­ ment. the successful candidate needs the demonstrated ability to work in a changing environment where responsibilities will evolve in response to developing opportunities within a newly consolidated department. initial responsibilities: coordinates the creation of new policies and procedures for providing access points to electronic information resources within the opac. collaborates in the organiza­ tion of information for effective access via the library’s web page and web interface to opac. collaborates in the formation of new policies for collection development of electronic information resources. pro­ vides oversight of database maintenance. assists in the coordination 398/c&rl news network librarian west virginia university libraries the w est virginia university libraries announce the availability of a new systems position: network librarian. the successful candidate should be a library professional with a strong background in library automation systems or extensive experience in a complex data-processing environm ent this is a 1.3 year appointment supported by a large federal grant to develop a state-wide network to support seamless connectivity between academic, public, and school libraries. opportunities may exist for permanent employm ent at the end of the grant. responsibilities: working in a team environment, help to plan for and im plement a networked infrastructure fo r the w est virginia university libraries. interface with the systems staff of the university libraries, wvnet, the w v library commission, and telecomm unications specialists to develop solutions for hardware, software, and operational problems encountered by network development. implement and monitor the progress of corrective actions developed to address problems reported by project participants by coordinating the efforts of library personnel, the wvu libraries systems staff, and the statewide network support group. assist with the management, testing, and installation of all new notts releases and enhancements in a tim ely and efficient manner. implement new network functions identified by the im plementation team and the academ ic libraries participating in the network. report all unresolved problems, issues, and potential enhancements to the operations of the network. help to plan, schedule, and im plement initial notts database loads and interconnectivity requirements for each academ ic library added to the network. develop documentation/training seminars to instruct local and remote libraries in the use of the network’s services. develop and conduct co-presentations of the libraries’ projects to library personnel locally, statewide, and at national meetings. serve as liaison between the wvu libraries and other academ ic libraries, computer analysts, telecommunication analysts, data control operators, notts personnel, and database providers participating in the network. establish and maintain an effective working rapport with the library personnel. perform other duties as assigned by the project coordinator or departm ent management. required: mls from ala-accredited program or a related field. at least three years experience in implementing and utilizing a library automation system in a cooperative setting; working knowledge of file transfer protocols, www, gopher use, internet, and client servers as required. outstanding interpersonal skills and excellent communication skills also required. desired: project managem ent experience, knowledge of usmarc and other library formats. notis library management system installation experience, experience interfacing with database vendors and producers, and exposure to unm cics, vm, iso, and networked environments. knowledge of personal computers and an aptitude for learning new technologies also are desirable. salary: $30,000 annually. excellent benefits. wvu is a comprehensive research university located in close proximity to w ashington, dc, and pittsburgh. review of applications will begin june 1 5 , 1996, and will continue until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: chair network librarian search wise library p.o. box 6069 west virginia university morgantown, wv 26506 wvu is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. and performance of operations and projects in cataloging and acqui­ sitions as a member of the technical services department. supervi­ sion of at least one fte. reports to the head of technical services. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program: minimum 5 years’ progressively responsible experience in technical services area; relevant experience with integrated library systems, preferably innovative interfaces; ability to work cooperatively with faculty, stu­ dents, and colleagues in a rapidly changing environment; excellent verbal and written communication skills; human relations skills and personal qualities that promote communication, enhance teamwork and initiative, and build consensus; demonstrated project manage­ ment skills; working knowledge of internet and www. preferred: cataloging experience, particularly with electronic resources in an academic library, a second master’s dgree, supervisory experience. benefits: twelve-month, tenure-track faculty appointment; 20 days of paid vacation; trigon (bc/bs) group health insurance; several retire­ ment options, including tiaa/cref and virginia retirement system; minimum salary of $34,000. application review will begin july 12, 1996; applications should be received by that date to ensure consid­ eration. send letter indicating qualifications, current resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of at least three references to: alma hale-cooper, integrated learning resources, carrier li­ brary, james madison university, harrisonburg, va 22807. james madison university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action, equal access employer, and especially encourages applications from mi­ norities, women, and persons with disabilities. june 1996/399 bibliographer for east asian law (search re-opened) harvard law school library the harvard law school library is undergoing a a new search for a bibliographer for east asian law to develop, select, and evaluate the library’s collections in chinese, japanese, and korean law. this position is also responsible for ordering and processing east asian materials, as well as cataloging monographs and serials using aacr-ii, library of congress subject headings, lc and local classification systems, and the rlin bibliographic utility. the person selected will serve as the primary liaison to the hls east asian legal studies program, the harvard yenching library, and other organizations and institutions with east asian interests, and will collaborate closely with professional colleagues on matters related to collection development. an mls from an ala-accredited library school; fluent reading knowledge of japanese strongly preferred and a working knowledge of chinese and korean also preferred. knowledge of east asian law and at least three years professional experience in an academic, research, or law library are highly desirable. candidates must have superior oral and written communication skills as well as proven administrative abilities. hiring range is$37,000–$50,000 commensurate with experience. please send cover letter and resume to: harry s. martin iii harvard law school library 1525 massachusetts ave. griswold hall cambridge, ma 02138 electronic services. information and instruction services position at southern methodist university. (details at http:// www.smu.edu.) plans, implements, and manages electronic informa­ tion services in humanities/social sciences. information/reference desk, user-education responsibilities. requirements: ala-accred­ ited njls. undergraduate degree in humanities or social sci­ ences. experience in academic reference and electronic ser­ vices. p referred: su pervisory experience. salary: $24,000– $28,000. position available: august 15,1996. application deadline: july 5, 1996. see extended posting at http://www.smu.edu before inquiring or applying. eeo/aa. foreign literatures and languages bibliographer/ instructional technology facilitator. serves as the library’s principal subject bibliographer/liaison to the department of modern languages and cultures (mlc) and expands that traditional role by incorporating a wide array of technology-enhanced informa­ tion services. provides collection development, subject-specialized electronic access, information assistance and instruction services for mlc and for other foreign language/literature-related concerns. works with the electronic resources librarian and multimedia center staff in outreach to mlc faculty and others in integrating electronic technology into teaching, learning, and research; serves as facilitator in the above with other reference department staff. serves as reference department web coordinator. participates in refer­ ence departm ent’s general information services, including rotat­ ing evening and weekend hours. reports to the head, reference department, and works in close collaboration with the head of collection development, public services’ electronic resources librarian, and the head, multim edia center. q ualifications: ala accredited mls; undergraduate/graduate work in foreign litera­ tures/languages, preferably spanish; knowledge of russian desir­ able. academic public service experience. knowledge of public service aspects of automated systems, microcomputers, and internet access and resources. experience in instructional technologies and the design of web pages. evidence of strong communication, presen­ tation, and collaboration skills. university of rochester is a private institution with membership in oclc, rlg, arl, and crl. the library has a rapidly changing automated environment in its commitment to offer campuswide information leadership. upgrading to endeavor's clientserver integrated library information system has begun, with implementation expected in december 1996. salary dependent upon experience and qualifications minimum $30,000, plus benefits. send letter of application, resume, and the names and addresses of three references to: search committee mlc bibliographer, director’s office, rush rhees library, university of rochester, rochester, ny 14627; telephone: (716) 275-4461; fax: (716) 244-1358, internet: casi@dbl.cc.rochester.edu. review of applications begins july 15, 1996. eoe/mf. government information/reference librarian. this position is responsible for providing information and reference service including nights and weekends. the information specialist will man­ age federal and state documents, and participate in library instruction, cooperate in collection development in the humanities and share in various department projects, programs, and committees. reports to the head of reference services and is a member of the library faculty. this is a dynamic service-oriented division in an outstanding, fully automated ohiolink library with over 1.6 million volumes. the university of toledo is a state university in ohio with 22,000 students, offering associate, bachelor, professional, and doctoral degrees in seven colleges. the attractive main campus’s location in one of toledo’s finest residential sections provides a suburban atmosphere, yet is an integral part of the civic, cultural, and commercial life of the community. the city offers a renowned museum of art, a zoo, and an outstanding metropolitan park system. its location provides residents with excellent recreational opportunities on lake erie and easy access to cities throughout the midwest, particularly detroit, cleve­ land, and chicago. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited institution; experience or training in government documents; demon­ strated knowledge of, or experience with, a subject discipline within the humanities; knowledge of reference sources, electronic informa­ tion delivery systems, and methods of scholarly research in academic libraries. vital are: ability to work and communicate effectively with library staff, the university community, and other library users; com­ mitment to service, professional growth, and development. preferred are: academic library experience; ability to teach; experience in searching electronic reference sources. faculty status, 12-month http://www.smu.edu http://www.smu.edu mailto:casi@dbl.cc.rochester.edu 400/c&rl news head of technical services the geisel library of saint anselm college is seeking qualified applicants fo r the position of head of technical services. responsibilities include coordinating all cataloging activities and managem ent of preservation unit. will serve as the coordinator of the online system and will be responsible for working with the assistant to the librarian and department heads to ensure maxi­ mum utilization of the system. the head of technical services is the primary contact per­ son for the vendors of automated services including innovative interfaces, library tech­ nologies, and oclc. the position supervises two paraprofessionals and student assistants. an ala-accredited mls with at least five years of experience in technical services operations at a college or university library required. expe­ rience working with library on-line systems is essential and e xperience with innovative interfaces highly desirable. good oral and w rit­ ten com m unication skills are also essential, as is a w illingness to work in a collegial m anner with professional and paraprofessional col­ leagues at the library and college. this is a 12-month, professional position with benefits. salary in the low to mid-thirties. qualified candidates should send resumes and the names of three references to: director of human resources saint anselm college 100 saint anselm dr. manchester, nh 03102-1310 contract, tenure-track position with liberal fringe benefits. salary: $27,500 ($31,778 in fy 97). this position will remain open and applications will be reviewed on the 15th of each month (or as appropriate), until an appointment is made. send resume and the names, addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses of at least three references to: karen sendi, search committee chair, carlson library, the university of toledo, toledo, oh 43606-3390. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer (m/f/d/v). head of automation and bibliographic control. gs-11 ( starting salary $36,426). u.s. coast guard academy, new london, ct. responsible for the management and daily operations of the following areas: automation, cataloging of all library materials (books, serials, microfilm, manuscripts, government documents), database maintenance, serials control, and management of the government documents section. the library has been automated since 1993 using the dynix system. act as team leader for one librarian, one techni­ cian, and college students. requires mls degree and one year of professional experience in automation and bibliographic control. for a complete vacancy announcement contact: the civilian personnel office at (860) 444-8204. deadline for application is july 10, 1996. the united states coast guard academy is an equal employment/ affirmative action employer. library development and community relations director california state university, sacramento casus library seeks an individual with a mini­ mum of three years in successful fund raising for a large academ ic institution who will work closely with the dean and university librarian and the university d evelopment office. ac­ credited bachelor’s degree required. effective communication and interpersonal skills essen­ tial, the director will b e a m em ber of a campus wide team during the current $50 million cam ­ paign. preferred skills: demonstrated ability to de­ velop effective promotional materials, to con­ duct successful fund-raising events, to use a computer efficiently, and to assist library faculty with preparing grants. salary: $45,000+ (depending on credentials and experience). subm it letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: charles martell dean and university librarian california state university, sacramento the library 2000 jed smith drive sacramento, ca 95819-6039 head of cataloging department. kennedy library. senior assistant/associate librarian; 12-month, tenure-track position in a technologically innovative library. position available: january 1, 1997. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience ($41,676 minimum). incumbent is responsible for directing personnel activities of team-oriented department of six fte support staff; planning and implementing policies and procedures for the creation, maintenance, and quality control of the library’s bibliographic records, including catalog database input and maintenance, authority work, and retrospective conversion; supervising monographic and serials subsections, including postcataloging book processing; coordinating of cataloging activities with other library departments. reports di­ rectly to dean of library services, and represents the department on the library advisory council. qualifications: ala-accredited mls and five years of progressive cataloging experience in an academic library, including management experience. knowledge of and expe­ rience with an online public access catalog and other automated systems, including oclc and innopac. master’s degree in subject field (or equivalent) required for tenure/promotion. submit letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three professional references to: o ffice of the dean of library services, robert e. kennedy library, california polytechnic state university, san luis obispo, ca 93407; telephone: (805) 756-2345 (refer to recruitment code #63099). expanded job descrip­ tion available from http:/www.lib.calpoly.edu. application deadline: september 1, 1996. cal poly is strongly committed to achieving excellence through cultural diversity. the university actively encour­ ages applications and nominations of women, persons of color, applicants with disabilities, and members of other underrepresented groups. aa/eeo. http://www.lib.calpoly.edu june 1996/401 head, library information systems department the university of texas at el paso the university of texas at el paso library seeks a head, library information systems department, to provide creative leadership in planning and implementing a broad spectrum of technologies and systems in support of the university’s mission and goals. the library is poised to: implement a second generation library system; continue the developm ent and expansion of its users’ access to the world wide web and internet information resources; begin the digitization of portions of the library’s collections; and explore multimedia applications within the library. the successful candidate will plan, manage, and coordinate the library’s automation and networking activities so as to enhance services to library users and increase productivity and effectiveness of staff; organize and deliver responsive services rapidly and effectively to meet the needs of library users and staff; coordinate development of the library’s technical infrastructure with the university’s information systems and telecommunications department; anticipate training needs associated with the introduc­ tion of n e w technologies; and work with appropriate groups and individuals to develop and implement training programs. the departm ent maintains all library systems, including the integrated online system and a novell local area network, which supports administrative computing and provides access to 56 cd-rom drives and multiple remote databases. the department is also responsible fo r the continued development of the library’s w w w homepage and supports the local gpo access node. the library anticipates moving its integrated system from the university’s mainframe computer to a distributed, open system during 1996/1997; the selection process is well un d er way. qualifications: candidate must possess either an mls from an ala-accredited institution or an advanced degree in computing; three years or more of managing computing resources and information technology, preferably in an academic library; working knowledge of integrated library systems, local area networks, and the internet; demonstrated leadership capabilities, m anagement and supervisory skills; evidence of strong comm itm ent to responsive service; demonstrated ability to work with library staff and a variety of groups to set priorities and achieve mutual goals; demonstrated ability to communicate technical information to a broad range of audiences; and technical knowledge of networking, client/server computing, and desktop computing. knowledge of the unix operating system and novell networks is highly desirable. the university of texas at el paso is a comm uter campus, with over 16,000 students and 700 faculty. the modern, six-floor library building houses a centralized collection of over 800,000 volumes. staff consists of 23 professionals, 46 support staff, and 90 student assistants. el paso, located on the u.s. mexican border, offers a unique bicultural environment, year-round sunshine, mild winter climate, beautiful mountain sunrises and sunsets, and provides easy access to mexico, new mexico, and arizona. more information about the library and the university may be found at the library’s web homepage: www-utep.edu/library. salary and benefits: $35,000 minimum. comprehensive benefits package, choice of retirement plans and health care options. texas has no state income tax. applications: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: lydia limas administrative assistant library university of texas at el paso el paso, tx 79968-0582 phone: (915) 747-5683 fax: (915) 747-5345. review of applications will begin june 1 5 , 1996, and will continue until position is filled. the university of texas at el paso does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, or disability in employment or provision o f services. 402 /c&rl news systems librarian university of texas at el paso the library of the university of texas at el paso seeks a knowledgeable, enthusiastic systems librarian to provide responsive support for the implementation and maintenance of the library’s information systems and staff computing operations. responsibilities will include maintaining network stability and integrity of library’s lan applications and cd servers; coordinating interaction between the university computer center and the library for network-related matters; coordinating the purchase of computer equipment and supplies and ensuring that appropriate maintenance contracts are maintained; analyzing software and hardware problems; participating in policy and procedure developm ent for the use of networked microcomputers within the library; providing users with a stable, reliable, up-to-date platform for microcom puter use; providing an effective operating environm ent for communications access; supporting library staff in the installation and upkeep of microcomputers; and serving as liaison between the library and appropriate vendors. qualifications: the candidate must possess an ala-accredited mls or an advanced degree in computing; a thorough knowledge of various microcom puter operating systems and microcomputer applications; a strong public service orientation; effective written and oral communication skills; sound organizational skills; and a commitment to responsive and innovative services. highly desirable: networking experience (preferably novell) and experience managing cd-rom file servers and software. the university of texas at el paso is a comm uter campus with over 16,000 students and 700faculty. the modern, six-floor library building houses a centralized collection of over 800,000 volumes. staff consists of 23 professionals, 46 su p p ort staff, and 90 student assistants. el paso, located on the u.s.-mexican border, offers a unique bicultural environment, year-round sunshine, mild winter climate, beautiful mountain sunrises and sunsets, and provides easy access to mexico, new mexico, and arizona. more information about the library and the university may be found in the library’s web homepage: www.utep.edu/~library. salary and benefits: $28,000 minimum; comprehensive benefits package, choice of retirement plans and health care options. texas has no state income tax. applications: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: lydia limas administrative assistant, library university of texas at el paso el paso, tx 79968-0582 phone: (915) 747-5683 fax: (915) 747-5345 review of applications will begin june 1 5 , 1996, and will continue until position is filled. the university of texas at el paso does not discriminate on the basis o f race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, or disability in employment o r provision o f services. head of interlibrary loan/instruction librarian. denison university a selective private liberal arts college located in the village of granville, ohio, is seeking a dynamic, energetic person to join a team of dedicated public service librarians. this position provides a unique opportunity to develop skills in multiple areas of public service. the successful candidate will provide supervision and leadership of denison’s very active, service-oriented interlibrary loan department. in addition, this person will be heavily involved in teaching and eventually designing many of denison’s 100-plus annual library instruction sessions. reference desk duty will be shared with the team and will include one evening/week and rotating weekend shifts. salary: $27,000 plus, depending on experience. excellent benefits. required: ala-accredited mls; interest in work­ ing closely and cooperatively as a member of a small team; public speaking ability. preferred: two years of academic library expe­ rience; foreign language expertise; experience with oclc search­ ing and library instruction. denison is a member of the five colleges of ohio, a consortium of private institutions that share an innovative interfaces online system. the consortium is active in developing collection-sharing strategies and will be joining ohiolink in the fall. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: diana accurso, chair of the search committee, library, denison university, granville, oh 43023. review of applications will begin june 1, 1996, and will continue until the position is filled. denison university is an affirm ative action/equal opportunity employer. women and people of color are encouraged to apply. head of reference and information services. the university of tennessee at chattanooga is seeking a creative, innovative, service-oriented librarian capable of providing both vision and direction to its reference and information services department. this person will provide leadership in the evaluation of existing services and will establish, champion, and maintain a strong cus­ tomer service orientation in the department. responsibilities include: supervision and professional development of four librarians and one http://www.utep.edu/~library june 1996/403 associate vice president for information services and dean of library services the associate vice president and dean reports to the provost and vice president for academ ic affairs and provides leadership, strategic planning, and overall m anagement for information services, which encompasses university libraries, academic computing, institutional computing and telecommunications. the successful candidate will possess a vision for the role of the library in supporting instruction and research in the changing environment of scholarly communication; and for integrating information technologies, resources, and services in support of the teaching, learning, and research mission, and day to-day operations of the university. the successful candidate will also provide leadership in the develop­ ment of library services in the delivery of information and information technology to students, faculty and staff; and the development of an organizational structure and work environm ent that encourages creativity and meets changing needs. other responsibilities include strategic planning, personnel management, fiscal management, formulation of policy, and program development. all of these endeavors involve extensive interaction with a variety of individuals and organizations on and off campus, and require an open and consultative style of leadership. requirements: an ala-accredited master’s degree in library science and at least five years of progressive administrative experience in academic library or computing administration; doctorate pre­ ferred. demonstrated knowledge and understanding of academ ic libraries and com puter and network infrastructure. demonstrated leadership in organizational and fiscal m anagement including planning, developing, and evaluating programs and personnel. demonstrated effectiveness in relating to, and comm unicating with, various internal and external constituencies. record of scholarly accomplishment. compensation: twelve-month, faculty tank and tenure-track appointment. salary commensurate with qualifications. excellent fringe benefits including tiaa-cref. enviro nm ent: founded in 1865, indiana state university is a comprehensive state university with its own board of trustees and an annual operating budget of more than $120 million. the university has 650 full-time faculty, a student body of 1,200 undergraduate and graduate students, and offers associate through ph.d. programs. isu is located in terre haute, a city of 60,000 which, in addition to being a hub fo r transportation, manufacturing, and agriculture in the region, serves as the fine arts, cultural an athletic center of west-central indiana and east-central illinois. in fall 1993, indiana state university organized the libraries, academic computing, institutional computing, and telecom m unications to form an information services unit under the direction of the associate vice president for information services and dean of library services. an information services strategic plan has been developed. the university has committed funding and plans to continue enhancing its budgetary support for the developm ent of information technology, resources, and staffing at the institution. information services is composed of the following units: library services, staffed by 29 faculty and 42.5 support staff, has collections of more than 2,000,000 items, an extensive cd-rom network, and a notis library management system. academic computing services, staffed by 35.5 administrative professionals and six support staff, provides an academic computing environm ent which includes ibm/vm-vse, dec / vms, prime, various unix multi-user platforms, netware and sun; ibm-compatible and macintosh workstations; a fully routed ethernet fib e r backbone with an internet connection supporting 2000+ethernet connected workstations in offices and labs. institutional computer services, staffed by seven administra­ tive professionals, supports the administrative computing functions and a current conversion from ia to banner. telecommunications services, staffed by three administrative professionals and seven support staff, provides and maintains the copper/fiber-optic cable infrastructure and all telephone and voice mail services to the campus. nominations and applications: nominations are welcome. preferred starting date is january 1 ‚ 1997. screening will begin july 15,1996. applicants are requested to submit a cover letter and a complete resume along with the names, addresses, telephone numbers, and/or e-mail addresses of five current references to: chairperson search committee for associate vice president for information services and dean of library services office of the provost and vice president for academic affairs indiana state university terre haute, in 47809 isu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. 404/c&rl news director of libraries university of massachusetts, amherst the university of massachusetts at am herst invites applications and nominations for the position of director of libraries. located in the historic pioneer valley of western massachusetts and established in 1863 under the morrill land grant act, the university of massachusetts at amherst is a carnegie research i institution and the flagship campus of the state system. offering a full range of undergraduate and graduate degrees, the 1,200-acre campus serves 18,000 undergraduate students and 6,000 graduate students in a rich cultural environment and rural setting. the director of libraries reports to the provost and is expected to provide leadership and vision for the university library system, which consists of the w.e.b. du bois library and three branch libraries. the libraries, with an annual budget of approximately $10 million, employ 143 permanent staff and house a collection of 5 million books, periodicals, and government documents; 15,500 current serial subscriptions and significant special collections, the most notable of which is the w.e.b. du bois papers. the successful candidate will be able to plan and develop the library of the future in orderto provide the information services necessary to support the teaching and research missions of the university. he or she will oversee the further development of integrated computer systems and determine the proper balance of electronic information sources and print material, and exploit the university’s leading position in the development of digital library technology. the director will serve as an advocate and spokesperson fo r the library, both on and off campus, articulating the library’s goals and requirements and seeking financial support through university allocations and external fund-raising efforts. additional information is available online at the following website: http//www.library.umass.edu. the director serves on the university’s council of deans and academ ic officers and chairs the library’s executive committee and administrative council. the university library is a member of the association of research libraries, the center for research libraries, oclc, the boston library consortium, and the five college library consortium (the university, amherst, hampshire, mt. holyoke, and smith colleges). applicants should present an appropriate advanced degree(s) and a record of significant managerial responsibility, preferably within a research or academ ic library. in addition, strong, creative leadership, effective communication, a commitment to service, and an understanding of user expectations in a large academic library are essential. the university is committed to affirmative action and equal opportunity and encourages applications from women and minority candidates. salary is competitive and commensurate with qualifications. review of applications will begin july 15, 1996, and will continue until the position is filled, candidates should submit a letter of interest, acurriculum vitae, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of five references to: norman d. aitken co-chair, director of libraries search committee office of the provost whitmore administrative building, box 38360 university of massachusetts, amherst amherst, ma 01003-8360 support staff; indirect supervision of archives and special collections activities, collaborating with library faculty and staff to establish and implement policies and procedures for the department; training new faculty and staff, assessment and development of the reference collection; liaison with academic departments; giving general and course-related library instruction; participation in all aspects of refer­ ence service, including some evening and weekend assignments. the nature and scope of responsibilities for this and other library positions are expected to change as the organization of the library evolves. required: ala-mls; minimum of five years’ experience in an automated academic library reference department; strong, user centered service philosophy; experience with traditional and elec­ tronic resources such as cd-rom, lan, the internet, and online formats; demonstrated, successful supervisory experience and abil­ ity to foster teamwork; ability to communicate effectively; demon­ strated, successful classroom teaching experience with both print and electronic resources; evidence of initiating and carrying out creative, comprehensive solutions to problems; demonstrated ability to work positively and productively in a changing environment; commitment to active participation in the library profession. salary and benefits: twelve-month, tenure-track position with faculty rank, status, privileges, and responsibilities; $30,000 minimum salary. 24 days annual and 12 days sick leave/year. no state or local income taxes. retirement options paid by state: tcrs, valic, aetna, tiaa-cref. the lupton library has 13 librarians and 16 support staff. its library system is vtls. the library’s homepage may be browsed at: www.lib.utc.edu. to apply: send letter of introduction, current vita, college transcripts, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: william prince, chair, search committee, lupton library, university of tennessee at chattanooga, 615 mccallie ave., chattanooga, tn 37403-2598. review of applications will begin on july 15, 1996, and will continue until the position is filled. the university of tennessee at chattanooga is an equal opportunity, affirmative action, title vi and ix, section 504/ada employer. head of reference and information services, under­ graduate library services division. the head of refer­ ence and information services will manage reference and information services in the undergraduate library and develop related policies, procedures, and service initiatives for undergraduate clientele using http://www.library.umass.edu http://www.lib.utc.edu june 1996/405 traditional and digital resources. the librarian will manage the elec­ tronic information center containing more than 30 networked macintosh, pentium, and cd-rom workstations; oversee hardware and software selection, maintenance, and installation; and work closely with library and university staff in developing information center management software and systems. working collaboratively, the head of reference and information services coordinates the development of publications in support of undergraduate information services, and participates in instructional and training programs and in www publishing activities. responsibilities include supervising permanent and temporary support staff, coordinating information desk coverage for 10 professional and classified staff, and coordinat­ ing reference collection development for print and electronic refer­ ence sources. occasional night and weekend work will be required. required qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited graduate pro­ gram; three years information services experience; one year public service supervisory experience in a library or information center; experience with reference assistance and electronic resources and services, and in training library users and staff; experience managing information systems with multiple hardware platforms and operating systems; experience with networked information resources, search engines, and client software. preferred qualifications: three years information services experience as a professional librarian; experi­ ence managing a computer lab or information center; in-depth knowl­ edge of macintosh, windows, and nt operating systems; www publishing expertise; experience with library instruction and develop­ ment of instructional materials; three years of increasingly respon­ sible supervisory experience in a college or university reference or information services environment; demonstrated leadership ability, public speaking, interpersonal, and writing skills; demonstrated abil­ ity to work well with diverse populations to provide service, solve problems, and work collegially in a technical and changing environ­ ment. the salary range is $31,000–$35,000 or more, depending upon qualifications. this professional librarian position is available july 15, 1996, and is a security-sensitive position. no state or local income tax. competitive benefits package; retirement plan options. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by june 7, 1996, but will be accepted until the position is filled. women and minority candidates are encouraged to apply. send letter of interest, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three professional references, and a statement of salary requirements to: peggy mueller, the u n ive rsity of texas at austin, the general libraries, p.o. box p, austin, tx 78713-8916. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. project coordinator modern economic and social history project phase 2. (temporary position, 19 months.) columbia university libraries. reporting to the director for preserva­ tion, this position has primary responsibility for managing a multiyear microfilming preservation project, including supervising and training project staff who perform bibliographic searching, circulation proce­ dures, and physical preparation of volumes, determine appropriate treatments, prospectively catalog titles on oclc, and perform quality control inspection; monitoring and coordinating work flow of all participating units; monitoring and coordinating workflow of external vendors to maintain productivity and ensure that proper standards and procedures are followed; maintaining statistics and preparing progress and statistical reports; problem solving; and related respon­ sibilities. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: at least one year professional experience in preservation at a large research library or sim ilar in stitution; aptitude for analytical work and strong organizational skills as dem onstrated through previous relevant experience; form al training or equivalent experience in preservation; ability to w ork with staff at all le vels in a fluid, complex organization and to com municate effectively verbally and in writing; know ledge of preservation m icrofilm ing policies and procedures; knowledge of oclc; working knowledge of french or germ an. preferred qualifications: experience with technical processing in a large library environment; previous supervisory experience; experience with electronic spreadsheets, cost m odeling, m anagem ent statistics, and/or budgeting. current salary ranges (which w ill increase july 9, 1996): librarian i: $34,000– $44,200; librarian ii: $36,000–$48,600. excellent ben­ efits include assistance with university housing and tuition ex­ emption for self and family. send resume and the names, ad­ dresses, and phone numbers of three references to: kathleen me­ chanic, assistant vice president for human resources, box 35, butler library, c o lum bia u niversity, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. applications received by june 30, 1996 will receive priority consideration; applications accepted until position is filled. state title of project coordinator in cover letter. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference/government documents librarian. birming­ ham-southern college, a nationally ranked liberal arts institution, seeks a creative, energetic, service-oriented professional to provide reference service and bibliographic instruction and to manage the government documents collection. responsibilities: general refer­ ence service to students and faculty using print, online, cd-rom, and internet resources; conducting library orientation tours and biblio­ graphic instruction sessions; maintaining and developing reference collection; managing all aspects of the documents collection. re­ quirements: mls from an ala-accredited institution; two to four years of professional experience in academic reference/documents setting; familiarity with technology-assisted reference services and govern­ ment documents; teaching experience; strong interpersonal and communication skills. preferred: familiarity with sirsi software and web publishing. the bsc library serves 1,450 students and 100 faculty, and has a collection of 200,000 volumes and 900 periodical subscriptions. temporary, one-year appointment with possibility of reappointment, to begin august 1, 1996, or asap. faculty status. salary competitive based on experience and qualifications. applica­ tions received by june 20, 1996, will be given first consideration. potential applicants may visit bsc homepage at http://www.bsc.edu. send resume, transcripts, and letter of application with three profes­ sional references to: irvin penfield, academic dean, b irm ingham s outhern college, box 549001 ‚ birmingham, al 35254. eoe. reference/instruction librarian. cornette library, west texas a&m university, seeks to fill the position of reference/instruc­ tion librarian. duties: provides general reference service and guid­ ance with electronic resources in a networked environment, with emphasis on managing library instruction program. also troubleshoot operations of lan workstations in reference/ill unit and periodicals unit. reports to assistant university librarian. qualifications: ala accredited mls; two years reference experience in an academic library, with at least one year participating in library instruction. broad educational background. good verbal and written communication skills. considerable experience working with microcomputers and the dos, windows, and macintosh operating systems. proven knowl­ edge of a wide range of print, cd-rom, and internet-based reference tools. experience with an automated library system and a lan. supervisory experience preferred. salary and benefits: $23,500/12 months; employer contribution to health insurance and benefits package. choice of retirement program. cornette library: ample work space and aesthetically pleasing interiors distinguish this 150,000 square-foot building, which houses 270,000 volumes, 1,850 current periodicals, and 650,000 government documents. founding member of multitype regional consortium, which provides fully integrated automation services to more than 30 academic, public, school, and special libraries in a 25-county service area. general information: wtamu is located 15 miles south of amarillo in canyon, texas; and offers a choice of small town or city living, both inexpensive. the university has approximately 6,500 students and offers 60 under­ graduate and 32 graduate degree programs. renowned panhandle plains historical museum on campus. minutes away from spectacu­ lar palo duro canyon. only a few hours’ drive to santa fe and the mountains of northern now mexico. pleasant climate. no state income tax. application deadline: applications will be accepted until june 24, 1996. mail resume and the names and phone numbers of three references to: joann lowrance, director, personnel services, w est texas a&m u n iversity, wtamu box 999, canyon, tx 79016 0001. wtamu is an aa/eo employer. reference librarian. episcopal d ivin ity school and weston j e su it school o f t he olog y invites applications for the position of reference librarian. the librarian will provide reference service and bibliographic instruction for students, faculty, and staff. teach re­ search methods for all formats, including cd-rom, internet, and various bibliographic utilities. prepare library informational materials and bibliographies. plan, develop, and coordinate information ser­ vices. the library is installing an online catalogue and circulation system this summer. the reference librarian will develop training for users. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited school; at least five years experience in an academic library. experience searching cd-roms, library online catalogs, and the internet. preference will be given to a master's of divinity or equivalent, and familiarity with roman catholic bibliography and resources. salary in the low thirties, good benefits package. review of resumes begins july 1, 1996. applications should include a letter, resume, and names of three references. send to: library director, eds/wjst library, 99 brattle st., cambridge, ma 02138. appointment will begin september 1, 1996. eds/wjst is a community of 225 students, 34 faculty, and a member of the boston theological institute consortium. the library has a collection of 272,000 volumes, with special emphasis on http://www.bsc.edu 4 06 /c&rl news anglican, catholic, new testament, feminist, and social-justicerelated resources; four professionals, and six support staff. reference librarian and reference/instruction li­ brarian. cornette library, west texas a&m university seeks to fill theposition of reference librarian. duties: provides general refer­ ence service and guidance with electronic resources in a networked environment, assistance with interlibrary loan processing, and par­ ticipates in library instruction. reports to assistant university librar­ ian. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. broad educational back­ ground, good verbal and written communication skills. experience with microcomputers demonstrating familiarity with dos, windows, and macintosh operating systems. proven knowledge of a wide range of print, cd-rom, and internet-based reference tools. experience with an automated library system. some reference, teaching, and supervisory experience preferred. salary and benefits: $22,500/12 months; employer contribution to health insurance and benefits package. choice of retirement program. cornette library: ample work space and aesthetically pleasing interiors distinguish this 150,000-square-foot building, which houses 270,000 volumes, 1,850 current periodicals, and 650,000 government documents. founding member of multitype regional consortium, which provides fully inte­ grated automation services to more than 30 academic, public, school, and special libraries in a 25-county service area. general information: wtamu is located 15 miles south of amarillo in canyon, texas; and offers a choice of small town or city living, both inexpensive. the university has approximately 6,500 students and offers 60 under­ graduate and 32 graduate degree programs. renowned panhandle plains historical museum on campus. minutes away from spectacu­ lar palo duro canyon. only a few hours’ drive to santa fe and the mountains of northern now mexico. pleasant climate. no state income tax. application deadline: applications will be accepted until june 24, 1996. mail resume and the names and phone numbers of three references to: joann lowrance, director, personnel services, west texas a&m university, wtamu box 999, canyon, tx 79016 0001. wtamu is an aa/eo employer. special collections librarian. tenure-track position. uni­ versity of scranton, harry and jeanette weinberg memorial library. the university of scranton seeks a tenure-track special collections librarian to provide and participate in all library special collections and university archives activities, including reference, library in­ struction, collection development, preservation, and archives main­ tenance. additional responsibilities will include serving as the library’s liaison to the university’s information resources help desk and other duties as specified by the library director. qualifications: requires an ala-accredited mls with library experience; second subject master's and archival experience preferred. required knowledge and understanding of: research methods and current research trends; archival and special collections techniques and management; famil­ iarity with computerized applications as they relate to library func­ tions; strong supervisory, interpersonal, and oral/written skills. evi­ dence of research abilities through publications or presentations preferred. twelve-month, faculty appointment as instructor, tenure track. hours: monday through friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. some evening and/or weekend hours may be required. salary., $28,000. position reports to the university archivist. the university of scranton, located in northeastern pennsylvania near the pocono mountains, is a highly selective catholic and jesuit institution of 5,100 students. the university is committed to liberal arts education and offers strong professional and preprofessional programs. it has a highly talented faculty and places strong emphasis on student input in addressing the needs of its community. the university of scranton is a regional university of national prominence. the weinberg memorial library is equipped with state-of-the-art technology and is connected to the campus network. application: interested candidates should submit letter of application, current vita, and the names and phone numbers of three references to: charles e. kratz, library director, weinberg memorial library, university of scranton, scranton, pa, 18510 4700. review of applications will begin june 24, 1996 and continue until the position is filled. the university of scranton is an aa/eeo employer/educator. systems librarian. manage horizon library online catalog sys­ tem, library lan, cd reference system, computer lab, and staff computer systems. develop integrated library network services. pro­ vide tech support for library pc hardware/software. work with com­ puter system vendors and department of instructional network ser­ vices. conduct online/cd-rom searches. perform system training and librarian routines. supervise computer department staff. qualifi­ cations: master of library & information science and 6 month experi­ ence in full-time administration of horizon or another online catalog system and pcs, knowledge & skills in netware, unix, sql (struc­ tured query language), dos/windows, os/2 (operating system 2), tcp/ip(transmission control protocol/internet protocol), ethernet & cd-rom drives. knowledge & skills to be tested by department. work schedule: 40 hrs./wk. rotating schedule including some evenings and sundays. salary: $28,188. overtime: $22/hr. apply at the texas employment commission, waco, texas, or send resume to the texas employment commission, tec building, austin, texas 78778, j.o.# tx7213910. ad paid by an equal opportunity employer. user education. information and instruction services position at southern methodist university, (details at http://www.smu.edu ) provides leadership for cooperative instruction program among sev­ eral libraries, primary instruction librarian for humanities and social sciences library. information/reference desk responsibilities. re­ quirements: ala-accredited mls. undergraduate degree in humani­ ties or social sciences, substantial experience in academic reference and user education. preferred: experience in designing and imple­ menting an academic library instruction program; supervisory expe­ rience. salary: $27,000–$32,000. position available august 15,1996. application deadline: july 5, 1996, see extended posting at http:// www.smu.edu before inquiring or applying. eeo/aa. late job l istin gs library. august 1, 1996. tenure-track instructor or assistant professor. ala accredited master’s degree required. reference, instruction and extension service experience in an academic library preferred. working knowledge of library service to off-campus sites, knowledge of electronic library systems, searching techniques and instruction on electronic tools. send letter, resume, 250—500-word statement of philoso­ phy and practice of library service to off-campus sites, transcripts, and three letters of reference to: donald joyce, dean, woodward library, austin peay state university, box 4595, clarksville, t n 37044. review of applications begins june 15, 1996, and continues until position is filled. to view apsu ’s homepage: http://www.apsu.edu/. austin peay state university is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. research/instruction librarian. provides research and instruction ser­ vices in a highly networked environment that supports professional development, individual initiative, and innovative approaches to user services. member of a new teaching technology team supporting the faculty’s interest in developing resources for the www. advances the library’s teaching mission through extensive participation in an ambitious instruction program with emphasis on the use of networks and networked resources. for more information about the library, see http://www.lafayette.edu/. required: ala-accredited mls or equivalent; excellent oral and written communica­ http://www.smu.edu http://www.smu.edu http://www.apsu.edu/ http://www.lafayette.edu/ june 1996/407 tion skills; knowledge of internet; familiarity with teaching technologies; demon­ strated capacity to relate constructively to faculty and students and to work collegially to achieve program objectives; minimum of one year of academic library reference experience. preferred: knowledge of htm l, sgml, and the digitization of images; knowledge of desktop publishing and presentation software. salary: $30,000 mini­ mum, depending on qualifications. excellent benefits. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. qualifi ed individuals should send letter o f application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers o f three references to: chair, library search committee, c/o library director’s office, david bishop skillman library, lafayette college, easton, p a 18042. lafayette college is an equal opportunity employer. review of applications will begin june 15, 1996, and will continue until the position is filled. c ata lo g l ib r a r ia n . tenure-track position available beginning september 1996 at the instructor rank. responsibilities: the catalog librarian reports to the director of library services and is responsible for the classification, cataloging, and processing of all forms o f materials using oclc and notis. the applicant will also be expected to participate in efforts to streamline workflow, catalog all formats (including elec­ tronic), participate in an evening and weekend reference rotation schedule and in collection development activities. the person selected for this position w ill be expected to define, plan, and complete assignments; to use analytical and constructive problem­ solving methodologies to meet changing library goals and needs; to work in concert with and through others; to maintain high standards of quality and quantity o f work produced; and to provide evaluation of staff performance. master’s in library science from an ala-accredited institution required. one year of cataloging experience using notis and previous supervisory responsibilities preferred. other requirements in­ clude: knowledge of copy and original cataloging, authority work, subject analysis, and effective bibliographic control of library’s collections; knowledge of principles o f biblio­ graphic organization through cataloging and classification; knowledge of current trends in technical service operations; demonstrated knowledge o f aacr2, lc, and dewey classification, lcsh, marc formats, and oclc. slippery rock university is building a diverse academic community and encourages minorities, women, veterans, and persons with disabilities to apply. preference will be given to candidates demon­ strating familiarity with a broad range of continuous assessment techniques, the use of instructional technology in the teaching/learning process and the role of faculty in student success and retention. send letter of application, resume, transcripts, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers o f three (3) references to: chairperson, catalog librarian search committee, bailey library, slippery rock university, slippery rock, p a 16057. to ensure consideration, all application materials must be received by july 15, 1996. slippery rock university of pennsylvania is a member o f the pennsylvania state system o f higher education and an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. in t e r l ib r a r y loan/shared r eso u r ce s l ib r a r ia n . northern a ri­ zona state university. academic professional position. the cline library at northern arizona university invites applications for: interlibrary loan/shared resources librarian. under the direction of the head of reference, the interlibrary loan/shared resources librarian serves as the primary contact for resource sharing; works with arizona community colleges and other state universities to improve delivery of materials in all formats among the partner institutions. represents n a u at profes­ sional meetings, and provides an effective interface between the library and outside organizations for resource sharing; is responsible for the coordination of electronic and manual systems of interlibrary loan and document delivery for university students, faculty, and staff statewide. supervises the library’s interlibrary loan and document delivery team (eight fte and 18 students), and works closely with library staff in planning services and resolving issues in an environment supportive o f change. additional duties may include reference desk service and collection development. minimum qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; two years experience with 4 08 /c&rl news document delivery and interlibrary loan activities; knowledge of document services such as uncover and umi; one to two years experience as a supervisor in an academic library; evidence of excellent oral and written communication skills; ability to represent the library in supporting distance education initiatives involving occa­ sional statewide travel; effective interpersonal skills. desired: an understanding of trends in academic libraries’ resource sharing efforts and the electronic delivery of information; experience in building cooperative relationships among academic librar­ ies. send resume, letter of application addressing each minimum qualification above, and the names and addresses of three references to: cynthia childrey, head of reference, cline library, northern arizona university, box 6022, flagstaff, az 86011. minimum salary is $28,000. the closing date for receipt of applications is june 28, 1996. northern arizona university is located in flagstaff, a city of 52,000 people at the base of the san francisco peaks and surrounded by the coconino national forest. while we are the academic center for all northern arizona and the colorado plateau, we also serve 4,000 students at 7 distance learning locations in southern and central arizona. n au has a growing minority student population and is committed to equal opportunity/affirmative action; we welcome minorities, women, persons with disabilities, and veterans willing to make a commitment to n au ’s mission of cultural diversity. science lib r a r ia n ii/iii the university of pennsylvania library is seeking a science librarian who is responsible for building the print and electronic collections in the areas of mathematics, physics and astronomy and managing the departmental library serving these disciplines. duties: share in the design of operating policies for the math/physics/astronomy library; oversee the daily operation of this facility; provide reference and bibliographic assistance; provide orientation and instruction in use of electronic resources; work with the engineering and chemistry librarians to coordinate collections and services in engineering and science libraries; develop web pages; supervise one full-time employee; participate in library-wide task forces and committees. qualifications: ba/bs. an mls from an ala-approved program or equivalent in knowledge, training and experience. minimum of one to three years working in an academic library, preferably in a science library. academic background in the sciences or engineering strongly preferred. familiarity with desktop computing, knowledge of electronic resources in the sciences essential. effective written and oral communication skills. demonstrated ability to work effectively, independently and cooperatively with faculty and students and with staff throughout the library system. appointment as a librarian ii ($28,800–$37,600) requires at least one to three years of previous professional experience. appointment as a librarian iii ($31,900–$40,600) requires three to five years experience. to apply: submit a cover letter, resume and three references to: r. i. fisher, library human resources administrator, univer­ sity of pennsylvania library, 3420 walnut st., philadelphia, pa 19104-6206. applications received by mid-june will receive first consideration. aa/eoe. structure bookmarks jane 1996 389 deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $7.95 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $9.95 for others. late job notices a catalog librarian (slavic/germanic languages)brown university libraryas a catalog librarian, reporting to the head, catalog librarian, you will be respon­sible for cataloging and classifying of slavic and germanic language materials in all for­mats and all subject areas, using aacr2r, usmarc formats, lc classification and subject headings. perform full authority work and contribute name headings to naco. you may also have the opportunity to assume collection development responsi­bilities. requirements are: statistics for librarians. september26-27,1996. location: conference room, arl, 21 dupont circle, washington, dc. fee: $350. contact: allyn fitzgerald, association of research libraries, 21 dupont circle. washington, dc 20036; phone: (202) 296-2296; fax: (202) 872-0884; e-mail: allyn@cni.org; homepage: http:// arl.cni.org.electronic publishing of data sets on the world wide web. oct. 28-30, 1996. location: university of virginia, charlottesville, va. fee: $350. contact: allyn fitzgerald, associa­tion of res 390/c&rl news tenure-track librarian positions availablelong island university brooklyn campushead of public servicesto direct and coordinate smooth operations of public service units: circulation, reference peri­odicals including access and media services, bl ‚ ill. responsible for planning, budgets, staff de­velopment, information technologies, patron ser­vices. ala-mls, minimum five years professional library experience with increasing administration and supervisory responsibility including three years as department h ence and user services; train and supervise student and volunteer processing assistants; participate in the management and develop­ment of unit programs; participate in other library activities as appro­priate; meet faculty requirements for librarianship, professional devel­opment, research, and service. qualifications required: a master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; course work or training in archives theory and practice; two years experience, in the process­ing and preservation of unpubl june 1996/391 systems librarianthe moore library at rider university seeks an individual with training and skills in library technologies for a tenure-track facul­ty position. responsibilities: 1) provides library faculty leadership and training for library technologies and, in partnership with library administrative staff and the office of information technologies technical staff, is the library faculty liaison on hardware, maintenance and troubleshooting issues; 2) operates the library’s cd-rom network, oclc workstatio gent upon verification of individual’s eligibility for employment in the united states.assistant director for access services duties: super­vise installation process during initial stages of horizon implementa­tion; supervise ongoing installation of horizon and companion soft­ware on client workstations; manage operations of access services, including cataloging, material preparation, interlibrary loan, circula­tion services, stacks management, and document delivery; organize and participate in original on 392/c&rl news two cataloging librarian positions west virginia university librarieshealth sciences cataloging librariancatalogs original and member copy for titles in all formats for the health sciences library using lcsh and mesh, acts as cataloging liaison to the health sciences library; assists other cataloging staff with cataloging for other libraries; assists with database cleanup projects. reports to head of the cataloging department. other responsibilities may include supervision, collection development, and publi appointment beginning september 1996. responsibilities: general reference duties in a liberal arts college library, to include: work with reference databases and automated library systems, responsibility for interlibrary loans, and involvement in library instruction. some evening and weekend work is required. qualifications: accredited mls or equivalent, with academic library and interlibrary loan experi­ence preferred. the college at old westbury is located on a 600-acre campus in long island’s nassau coun at old westbury, box 210, old westbury, ny 11568. (regretfully, travel funds for interviewing are unavailable.) salary: $25,614 mini­mum. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. aa/eoe.catalog librarian. cornette library, west texas a&m univer­sity. reports to associate university librarian. responsible for the daily operation of the cataloging department. duties: supervise and participate in the bibliographic control of library materials in all formats; train and evaluate subordinates; supervise chec june 1996/393 head, cataloging departmentucla libraryunder the general direction of the associate university librarian for collections and technical services, manages the operations of the cataloging department including ongoing review and revision of policies and procedures in a highly automated and changing environment. sets goals and establishes priorities and work flow, coordinating practices among sections and providing specific decisions and interpretations as required. administers the department’s personnel progra standards; prepare written reports and statistics; serves as liaison from the cataloging department to other departments in the library and to the university. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or equivalent; three years of professional cataloging experience in an academic library, including two consecutive years with one organization; expe­rience in cataloging a wide variety of formats, especially serials; familiarity with serial check-in systems; knowledge of and experience with aacr2r, lcsh, lc classific plains historical museum located on campus. minutes away from spectacular palo duro canyon. only a few hours’ drive to santa fe and the mountains of northern new mexico. pleasant climate. no state income tax. application deadline: applications will be accepted until june 24,1996. mail resume and the names of three references and their phone numbers to: joann lowrance, director, personnel services, west texas a&m university, wtamu box 999, canyon, tx 79016-0001. wtamu is an aa/eo employer.cataloger, humaniti 394/c&rl news resource services librarian for english, american and comparative literatures and film studiesmilton s. eisenhower library the johns hopkins universitythe mission of the resource service department is to deliver the full range of reference, instructional, and collection development services to the hopkins community. resource services librarians are subject specialists, each of whom is responsible for building strong, client-centered relationships with the faculty and students in the handful of disciplines h language. knowledge of aacr2, marc, and lc classification and subject headings; previous cataloging experience with oclc and with an automated library system required. experience in an aca­demic library highly desirable. individual must be committed to continued professional development and active participation in the organizational life of the libraries. faculty status: nontenure track. minimum salary: $30,000, with a competitive benefits package. search to continue until position is filled, with considera mative action employer. women, minorities, and disabled individuals are strongly encouraged to apply.chemistry-mathematics librarian. library faculty vacancy. university of oklahoma. duties: under the direction of the head of branch libraries, the chemistry-mathematics librarian supervises the chemistry-mathematics branch library and the physics branch library. this includes the review, development, and implementation of programs and services; the hiring, training, supervision, and evaluation of staff; the june 1996/395 social sciences librarianlibrary, trinity universitytrinity university, san antonio, texas, invites applications from reference librarians for the position of social sciences librarian, a faculty appointment which may be entry-level. trinity, with 2,400 undergraduates and 200 graduate students, is strongly committed to excellence in support of the liberal arts and sciences tradition. selective admissions, highly qualified faculty, outstanding teaching programs, support for library development, and commitmen and the department of chemistry, the department of mathematics, and the department of physics and astronomy. this position is governed by the university’s policies for research or creative achieve­ment and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; library or related experience working with the subject literature of a science discipline or an undergraduate degree in the sciences; knowledge of database searching and electroni connections to other libraries. norman, oklahoma, is an attractive community close to a major metropolitan city. employment: librar­ians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, and the rank of assistant professor or above; and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume, a list of publications, and the names of three references, including current supervisor, to: donald c. hudson, assistant to the dean for administrative services, university libraries, university o 396/c&rl news head of multimedia cataloging sectionthe university of california, irvinethe libraries at the university of california seek a head of the multimedia cataloging section. the incumbent is responsible for the cataloging of nonbook formats including, but not restricted to sound recordings, laser discs, videocassettes, 16mm film, microforms, and electronic resources (cd-rom, computer files, internet)—mongraphic and serial. this position will supervise one library assistant iv. the salary will be commensurate wit assigned. candidates must demonstrate critical thinking, solid teach­ing, effective communication skills, and positive performance as a team member in a rapidly changing electronic environment. salary: $33,000 annually. closing date for applications: june 30, 1996. expected begin date: august 1, 1996. interested candidates should send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: john j. jax, director, library learning center, uw-stout, menomonie, wl 54751. uw-stout is an equal opport programs. nmsu is classified as a carnegie i research institution, and is a member of the hispanic association of colleges and universities. the university library has an annual budget exceeding $5 million and contains approximately one million volumes in two buildings. a new building houses humanities and social sciences collections, as well as an electronic classroom to be completed by september 1996. a recently renovated building houses agriculture, engineering, science, and business collections and is s june 1996/397 emmanuel collegelibrary directoremmanuel college, located in the center of boston’s cultural, medical, and educational com­munities, is a catholic liberal arts college for women, enrolling 1,500 students and admitting men and women to graduate and professional programs. the college seeks a library director with strong leadership and team-building abili­ties. the successful candidate must be able to motivate and guide the staff, establish priorities and responsibilities, participate in budget plan­ning for l cataloger(anticipated vacancy)state university of new york college at oneontasuny college at oneonta invites applications for an anticipated position of cataloger, senior as­sistant or associate librarian (12 month, tenure track).qualifications: accredited mls, minimum five years cataloging experience, working knowl­edge of aacr2r, lc and dewey classification/ lcsh, oclc, familiarity with integrated library systems (multilis preferred) and microcomputer applications.duties: serials cataloging, original and in mapping metadata from external sources to accepted standards and formats; and keep abreast of methods and guidelines for control of electronic information and advise staff on new developments. the libraries are currently engaged in an expanding program to digitize, network, and catalog a wide variety of textual materials and images. the original and special materials cataloging department (15.5 professional and 14 support staff) provides cataloging for all nonbook formats, serials, and specialized materi president for human resources, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th st., new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is august 1 ‚ 1996. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer.electronic resources manager/assistant head of technical services department. james madison univer­sity, located in virginia’s shenandoah valley, is a state-supported institution. jmu offers outstanding undergraduate instruction and supports high-quality programs at the graduate level. carrier librar 398/c&rl news network librarianwest virginia university librariesthe west virginia university libraries announce the availability of a new systems position: network librarian. the successful candidate should be a library professional with a strong background in library automation systems or extensive experience in a complex data-processing environment this is a 1.3year appointment supported by a large federal grant to develop a state-wide network to support seamless connectivity between academic, public, and school lib and performance of operations and projects in cataloging and acqui­sitions as a member of the technical services department. supervi­sion of at least one fte. reports to the head of technical services. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program: minimum 5 years’ progressively responsible experience in technical services area; relevant experience with integrated library systems, preferably innovative interfaces; ability to work cooperatively with faculty, stu­dents, and colleagues in a rapidly changi academic library, a second master’s dgree, supervisory experience. benefits: twelve-month, tenure-track faculty appointment; 20 days of paid vacation; trigon (bc/bs) group health insurance; several retire­ment options, including tiaa/cref and virginia retirement system; minimum salary of $34,000. application review will begin july 12, 1996; applications should be received by that date to ensure consid­eration. send letter indicating qualifications, current resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers june 1996/399 bibliographer for east asian law(search re-opened)harvard law school librarythe harvard law school library is undergoing a a new search for a bibliographer for east asian law to develop, select, and evaluate the library’s collections in chinese, japanese, and korean law. this position is also responsible for ordering and processing east asian materials, as well as cataloging monographs and serials using aacr-ii, library of congress subject headings, lc and local classification systems, and the rlin bibliogr electronic services. information and instruction services position at southern methodist university. (details at http:// www.smu.edu.) plans, implements, and manages electronic informa­tion services in humanities/social sciences. information/reference desk, user-education responsibilities. requirements: ala-accred­ited njls. undergraduate degree in humanities or social sci­ences. experience in academic reference and electronic ser­vices. preferred: supervisory experience. salary: $24,000– $28,000. position offer campuswide information leadership. upgrading to endeavor's clientserver integrated library information system has begun, with implementation expected in december 1996. salary dependent upon experience and qualifications minimum $30,000, plus benefits. send letter of application, resume, and the names and addresses of three references to: search committee mlc bibliographer, director’s office, rush rhees library, university of rochester, rochester, ny 14627; telephone: (716) 275-4461; fax: (716) 244-1 400/c&rl news head of technical servicesthe geisel library of saint anselm college is seeking qualified applicants for the position of head of technical services. responsibilities include coordinating all cataloging activities and management of preservation unit. will serve as the coordinator of the online system and will be responsible for working with the assistant to the librarian and department heads to ensure maxi­mum utilization of the system. the head of technical services is the primary contact per­son for the ve library development and community relations directorcalifornia state university, sacramentocasus library seeks an individual with a mini­mum of three years in successful fund raising for a large academic institution who will work closely with the dean and university librarian and the university development office. ac­credited bachelor’s degree required. effective communication and interpersonal skills essen­tial, the director will be a member of a campuswide team during the current $50 million cam­paign.p june 1996/401 head, library information systems departmentthe university of texas at el pasothe university of texas at el paso library seeks a head, library information systems department, to provide creative leadership in planning and implementing a broad spectrum of technologies and systems in support of the university’s mission and goals. the library is poised to: implement a second generation library system; continue the development and expansion of its users’ access to the worldwide web and internet information re 402/c&rl news systems librarianuniversity of texas at el pasothe library of the university of texas at el paso seeks a knowledgeable, enthusiastic systems librarian to provide responsive support for the implementation and maintenance of the library’s information systems and staff computing operations. responsibilities will include maintaining network stability and integrity of library’s lan applications and cd servers; coordinating interaction between the university computer center and the library for network-related mat head of interlibrary loan/instruction librarian.denison university a selective private liberal arts college located in the village of granville, ohio, is seeking a dynamic, energetic person to join a team of dedicated public service librarians. this position provides a unique opportunity to develop skills in multiple areas of public service. the successful candidate will provide supervision and leadership of denison’s very active, service-oriented interlibrary loan department. in addition, this person will interfaces online system. the consortium is active in developing collection-sharing strategies and will be joining ohiolink in the fall. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: diana accurso, chair of the search committee, library, denison university, granville, oh 43023. review of applications will begin june 1, 1996, and will continue until the position is filled. denison university is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. women a june 1996/403 associate vice president for information services and dean of library servicesthe associate vice president and dean reports to the provost and vice president for academic affairs and provides leadership, strategic planning, and overall management for information services, which encompasses university libraries, academic computing, institutional computing and telecommunications. the successful candidate will possess a vision for the role of the library in supporting instruction and research in the changing e 404/c&rl news director of librariesuniversity of massachusetts, amherstthe university of massachusetts at amherst invites applications and nominations for the position of director of libraries.located in the historic pioneer valley of western massachusetts and established in 1863 under the morrill land grant act, the university of massachusetts at amherst is a carnegie research i institution and the flagship campus of the state system. offering a full range of undergraduate and graduate degrees, the 1,200-acre campus ser support staff; indirect supervision of archives and special collections activities, collaborating with library faculty and staff to establish and implement policies and procedures for the department; training new faculty and staff, assessment and development of the reference collection; liaison with academic departments; giving general and course-related library instruction; participation in all aspects of refer­ence service, including some evening and weekend assignments. the nature and scope of responsibi benefits: twelve-month, tenure-track position with faculty rank, status, privileges, and responsibilities; $30,000 minimum salary. 24 days annual and 12 days sick leave/year. no state or local income taxes. retirement options paid by state: tcrs, valic, aetna, tiaa-cref. the lupton library has 13 librarians and 16 support staff. its library system is vtls. the library’s homepage may be browsed at: www.lib.utc.edu. to apply: send letter of introduction, current vita, college transcripts, and the names, addre june 1996/405 traditional and digital resources. the librarian will manage the elec­tronic information center containing more than 30 networked macintosh, pentium, and cd-rom workstations; oversee hardware and software selection, maintenance, and installation; and work closely with library and university staff in developing information center management software and systems. working collaboratively, the head of reference and information services coordinates the development of publications in support of undergraduate info reference/government documents librarian. birming­ham-southern college, a nationally ranked liberal arts institution, seeks a creative, energetic, service-oriented professional to provide reference service and bibliographic instruction and to manage the government documents collection. responsibilities: general refer­ence service to students and faculty using print, online, cd-rom, and internet resources; conducting library orientation tours and biblio­graphic instruction sessions; maintaining and developin 406/c&rl news anglican, catholic, new testament, feminist, and social-justice-related resources; four professionals, and six support staff.reference librarian and reference/instruction li­brarian. cornette library, west texas a&m university seeks to fill theposition of reference librarian. duties: provides general refer­ence service and guidance with electronic resources in a networked environment, assistance with interlibrary loan processing, and par­ticipates in library instruction. reports to assistant university libr dence of research abilities through publications or presentations preferred. twelve-month, faculty appointment as instructor, tenuretrack. hours: monday through friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m. some evening and/or weekend hours may be required. salary., $28,000. position reports to the university archivist. the university of scranton, located in northeastern pennsylvania near the pocono mountains, is a highly selective catholic and jesuit institution of 5,100 students. the university is committed to liberal late job listingslibrary. august 1, 1996. tenure-track instructor or assistant professor. alaaccredited master’s degree required. reference, instruction and extension service experience in an academic library preferred. working knowledge of library service to off-campus sites, knowledge of electronic library systems, searching techniques and instruction on electronic tools. send letter, resume, 250—500-word statement of philoso­phy and practice of library service to off-campus sites, transcripts, and thre june 1996/407 tion skills; knowledge of internet; familiarity with teaching technologies; demon­strated capacity to relate constructively to faculty and students and to work collegially to achieve program objectives; minimum of one year of academic library reference experience. preferred: knowledge of html, sgml, and the digitization of images; knowledge of desktop publishing and presentation software. salary: $30,000 mini­mum, depending on qualifications. excellent benefits. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. 408/c&rl news document delivery and interlibrary loan activities; knowledge of document services such as uncover and umi; one to two years experience as a supervisor in an academic library; evidence of excellent oral and written communication skills; ability to represent the library in supporting distance education initiatives involving occa­sional statewide travel; effective interpersonal skills. desired: an understanding of trends in academic libraries’ resource sharing efforts and the electronic delivery of informatio acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 538 / c&rl news the aieacsfddlsi s deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). late jo b listings will be accepted on a space available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $6.30 per line for institu­ tions that are acrl members, $8.00 for others. late job notices are $15.25 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $18.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. display ad rates are also available. guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, we suggest that date be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary figure. job an­ nouncements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for academic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the sen/ice is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $40 for acrl members and $45 for non-members. contact: ted bales, classified advertising manager, c&fìl news classified advertising department, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795; (312) 280 2513;fax: (312) 280-7663; alanet: ala0306; bitnet: acrl.news% alanet@intermail.isi.edu ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications or placement services comply with ala anti-discrimination policies. policy 54.3 states that “ala is committed to equality of opportunity for all library employees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life­ style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala ser­ vices, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. for sale for sale. lost cause press microfiche edition of the anti slavery propaganda collection in the oberlin college library. nergative microfiche, 8x 13 cm, 7,245 fiche. like new condition; boxes never opened. make offer. the duggan library, hanover college, p.o. box 287, hanover, in 47243-0287. phone (812)866 7161; fax (812) 866-7172. positions open acquisitions librarian/department head (12-month, tenure-track). open january 1992. plan, organize, and direct acquisitions services in a land-grant university, using pals auto­ mation system; supervise two technicians plus student assistants; coordinate selection activities of three bibliographers and faculty liaisons. required: ala-accredited mls; three years’ experience in academic librarianship; knowledge of one modern foreign lan­ guage; oclc experience; demonstrated ability to communicate and work effectively with faculty, staff, and colleagues. desired: subject master’s degree; experience with acquisitions systems (automated experience preferred); knowledge of out-of-print and national/foreign book markets; additional foreign language; knowl­ edge of accounting principles. minimum salary $26,000, with standard benefits. application deadline is september 30, 1991. send resume, and have transcripts and three recent letters of recommendation sent directly to: b. j. kim, acquisitions search committee, box 2115, south dakota state university library, brookings, sd 57007-1098. an aa/eeo employer. archivist, amon carter museum. responsibilities: plan and implement the institutional archives of the museum and related collections (including the papers of amon g. carter, sr., eliot porter, and laura gilpin), process and preserve archival materials, enter records in rlin, and provide reference service as requested; work with photography collection curatorial staff in coordinating requests for use of archival material; one clerical assistant to be hired. qualifications: advanced degree in american history, library sci­ ence, or a related field; certified or receive certification from the academy of certified archivists within one year of employment; minimum of two years experience with archives; demonstrated administrative, organizational, and supervisory skills; familiarity with marc/amc format; active membership and participation in professional archival organizations; computer literate. salary: com­ petitive; position funded by nhprc grant, excellent benefits. send letter of application and resume to: kathy goodale, personnel services coordinator, amon carter museum, p.o. box 2365, fort worth, tx 76113-2365. assistant curator for reference and manuscripts, watkinson library. the watkinson library, founded in 1857 and now a department of the trinity college library, is a diverse research and rare book library of roughly 165,000 printed volumes along with select manuscript collections complementing the printed holdings. the library’s strongest resources are in american politi­ cal, social, and cultural history. other areas of strength include early printed books, ornithology, natural history, voyages and travels, private press books, printing history, british literature, and british local history and genealogy. under the general supervision of the curator, the assistant curator for reference and manuscripts has primary responsibility for providing the library’s reference services and maintaining the library’s manuscript collections. also assists the curator in collection development and in the public outreach programs of the library. these duties will require some evening/ weekend service. applicants should hold the master’s degree in library science with a specialty in reference and formal training and/or sufficient experience in archives to process manuscript ant archival material. a second masters in the humanities or social sciences, preferably with a major of concentration in american history and culture, is expected as is a minimum of three years relevant experience, preferably in a research library. candidates should have familiarity with the principals of the conservation of library materials and a current reading knowledge of french or german. to apply, please submit letter of interest, resume, the names addresses and phone numbers of three professional refer­ ences to: stephen l. peterson, college librarian, trinity college, hartford, ct 06106. applications will be reviewed as of september 9. 1991. position will remain open until a candidate is appointed. assistant director and cataloger. university of califor­ nia, riverside, center for bibliographical studies and research manages four major projects of international significance. one of these, the california newspaper project (cnp), is part of a nation­ wide scheme to provide a complete record of surviving newspapers published in this country. assistant director for the california newspaper project; librarian appointment salary range: $35,052 $59,316. associate librarian l-librarian vi. position description: this position reports to the director of the center for bibliographical studies and research and acts for the director supervising and training the cnp, providing technical advice, maintaining an in house database, planning and supervising a state-wide canvass, developing and managing a microfilming program, cataloging mailto:alanet@intermail.isi.edu september 1991 / 539 newspapers and adding holding records in conser, and acting as liaison with the usnp cataloging specialist at the library of congress. the position is further responsible for assisting with publicity for the project, corresponding with contributing libraries, and representing the project at professional meetings. the project staff will consist initially of two assistant/associate librarians, two library assistants and hourly workers. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent. experi­ ence in serials cataloging and supervising professional staff. preferred: experience with oclc and conser. desirable: one or more foreign languages, preferably spanish, chinese or other languages in which california newspapers have been published. send letter of application, resume, and list of three professional references to: henry snyder, director, center for bibliographical studies and research, university of california, riverside, 016 rivera library, riverside, ca 92521-0154. assistant director for library automation. cur­ rently open (begin november 1991). the assistant director reports to the director of libraries and is responsible for coordinating the planning, implementation, and evaluation of all library automated systems including the libraries’ locally developed integrated sys­ tem. also oversees other library public access computing, local area networks, and telecommunications, as well as administrative computing in support of library functions and services. responsible for personnel matters in library systems unit (systems librarian, secretary, student assistant). maintains close liaison with all units of the libraries regarding library automation. maintains close working relationship with wsu’s computing personnel and with computer software and hardware vendors. serves as a member of the university’s academic steering committee for computing and telecommunications. serves as the libraries’ primary contact with software ag north america. organizes and coordinates certain automation training programs. contributes to the administration and management of the libraries as a member of the director’s council. represents the libraries at the state, regional, and na­ tional level in system-related matters. librarians are appointed as members of the washington state university faculty and are expected to participate actively in the university’s instructional, research, and service programs. librarians are ranked in grades 2, 3, and 4, equivalent to the academic ranks of assistant professor, associate professor, and professor. librarians are expected to help establish and maintain good working relationships with univer­ sity departments, faculty, students, and other library users. a progressive record of professional/scholarly achievement is ex­ pected of all librarians. required: ala-accredited mls or equiva­ lent degree; substantial successful experience with automation in an academic or large public library; knowledge of library use of microcomputers and of current developments and trends in library automation and telecommunications; excellent communication and leadership skills; energy to pursue creative solutions to prob­ lems in areas of responsibility; ability to function effectively in a changing environment. desirable: degree(s) in computer and/or information science; previous experience in several library units. salary: from $40,000; commensurate with qualifications and expe­ rience. rank: librarian 2 or above; commensurate with qualifica­ tions and experience; full faculty status. benefits: tiaa/cref, broad insurance program, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year sick leave. application procedures: send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, associate director for administrative services, washington state university libraries, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application review begins: september 30, 1991. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action educator and employer. members of ethnic minorities, women, vietnam era or disabled veterans, per­ sons of disability, and/or persons between the ages of 40-70 are encouraged to apply. assistant interlibrary loan librarian, southern illi­ nois university at carbondale. minimum qualifications: ala-ac credited master’s degree in library and information science; excel­ lent oral and written communication skills; strong commitment to library technology and knowledge of library automation applica­ tions. preferred qualifications: advanced degree in a subject field or profession; bibliographic skills in one or more foreign languages; familiarity with computer hardware, software, and applications. salary of $24,000 and up based upon education and experience. full-time, faculty-rank, term appointment. position available au­ gust 1 ‚ 1991. applications received by august 9,1991 ‚ will receive initial consideration; however applications accepted until position is filled. send applications and names of three references to: thomas l. kilpatrick, assistant interlibrary loan librarian, search committee, morris library, southern illinois university at car­ bondale, carbondale, il 62901 -6632; (618)453-1158. the univer­ sity is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant slavic librarian (slavic cataloger). re­ ports to the head of slavic cataloging. responsible for original monographic cataloging of materials in slavic and east european languages, including hungarian, baltic, and soviet central asian languages. supervises inputting of cataloging copy into oclc and of submission of name authority records via the linked system project. responsible for editing of slavic and east european records in the university of illinois online catalog. qualifications: required: an mls from an ala-accredited library school or its salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for govern­ mental agencies that employ librarians. the recommenda­ tions are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommen­ dations for minimum salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended minimums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacan­ cies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel resources. connecticut $28,100 delaware $22,500+ indiana varies* iowa $21,588 kansas $17,500* louisiana $22,000 maine varies* massachusetts $27,554* new jersey $24,200 new york varies* north carolina $22,491 ohio $20,024 pennsylvania $23,700* rhode island $23,750 south carolina varies* south dakota $20,000 texas $25,000 vermont $22,500 w est virginia $20,000 wisconsin $24,837 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a profes­ sional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. +salary minimums for public librarians only. 540 / c &r l news head of technical services/systems librarian weter memorial library seattle pacific university search reopened. responsibilities include: managing/directing technical services and coordinating an online integrated system, including the supervision of a retrospective conversion project. candidates m ust have: ala-accredited mls; administrative experience in technical services; familiarity with a major bibliographic utility, library automation applications, retrospective conversions, and bibliographic database m anagement; and effective interpersonal and com m unication skills. professional position, salary ($30,000-$33,500) depends upon experience and qualifications. seattle pacific is an evangelical christian university in the w esleyan tradition, serving more than 3,400 undergraduate and graduate students in the liberal arts and professional studies. w omen and minorities are encouraged to apply. send resume and letter listing three or more references to: gary r. fick university librarian w eter mem orial library seattle pacific university seattle, w a 98119 p h on e:(206)281-2228 closing date: october 1,1991. equivalent; excellent working knowledge of russian. two years cataloging experience, including professional experience; excel­ lent english language communication skills; experience with oclc; ability to work with a research-oriented teaching faculty; ability to meet university requirements for research and publication. pre­ ferred: a master's degree in a subject area of the humanities or social sciences; knowledge of a slavic language besides russian. desired: naco (name authority record) experience, working knowl­ edge of non-slavic languages of the ussr; experience in manual editing of online library catalogs. salary and rank: minimum annual salary $24,000. appointment as assistant professor of library administration. librarians are faculty and must demonstrate excel­ lence in librarianship, research, publication, and university/profes­ sional/community service to meet university standards for tenure and promotion. application: send letter of application and complete resume with the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of five references to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, univer­ sity of illinois library (u-c), 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il., 61801. phone (217) 333-5494. deadline: october 15,1991 ‚ or until position is filled. the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. associate librarian, the joseph downs collection of manu­ scripts and printed ephemera. the winterthur library is looking for an experienced librarian to provide current and retrospective cata­ loging of collection items using marc-amc format for run, and to provide reference assistance. with collection head, work with library conservator to plan space and materials needs for process­ ing and housing of collection. participate in establishing preserva­ tion conscious procedures for storage and handling of collection items. promote manuscript collection through research culminating in exhibitions, manuscript collection guides, and talks. the job requires mls and professional cataloging experience, preferably with oclc or rlin. ma in american history or art history highly desirable. salary: $22,000-$28,000, depending on experience. send resume by october 14 to: human resources division, w interthur museum, garden and library, winterthur de 19735. equal opportunity employer. catalog librarian (slavic languages) at the brown uni­ versity library. reports to the head, catalog department. responsible for cataloging and classifying m onographs, in print and m icroform , in the s lavic languages in all subject areas, using ac cr 2rev., lc cla ssification and subject head­ ings, and the rlin cataloging subsystem . perform s fu ll author­ ity wo rk on names, series, and subject headings. may have the opportunity to assum e collection developm ent responsibilities. requirem ents: ala-accredited mls degree; com petency in r ussian; ability to w o rk with a broad range of subjects; two years cataloging experience, preferably in the academ ic set­ ting; fam iliarity with autom ated cataloging system s and marc form ats; ability to com m unicate cle arly both orally and in writing; good analytical and problem -solving skills; knowledge o f g erm an and background in the sciences highly desirable. appointm ent range: $25,300-$31,600 based upon experience. interested candidates should send le tter of application, re­ sume, and the names of three references to: geneva ferrell, departm ent of human resources, brown u niversity, provi­ dence, rl 02912. review of applications w ill begin on o ctober 1 and w ill continue until th e position is filled. brown university is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action em ployer. collection development and management librar­ ian, the new york academ y of m edicine. develop policies and procedures for m onograph and serials acquisitions for the general collection. participate in th e selection of m aterials and the identification of m aterials in need of preservation or re­ placem ent with alternative form ats. coordinate and perform w eeding activities and gift processing. supervise stack man­ agem ent activities in cluding shelving, shifting, tran sfer of m a­ terials to off-site collections, placem ent of new ly received m aterials, and disposal of de-accessioned items. perform collection analyses; com pile statistics; prepare grant propos­ als. supervise 3 staff plus additional project staff as needed. a vailable im m ediately. salary: $35,000 m inimum w ith excel­ lent benefits. q ualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program . m inimum 3 years experience in a large m edical or academ ic library, preferably perform ing collection develop­ ment or collection m anagem ent functions on an ongoing basis. knowledge of the dom estic and foreign book trade fo r m ono­ graphs and serials. experience with budgeting, autom ated networks, and governm ent docum ents. send application, re­ sume, and list of three references to: a rthur downing, acting librarian, new york academ y of m edicine, 2 east 103rd st., new york, ny 10029. an equal opportunity, affirm ative action em ployer. government information librarian. cornell university, albert r. mann library. the albert r. mann library at cornell university is seeking a government information librarian who will september 1991 / 541 two positions eastern montana college eastern montana college is currently seeking applications for 2 positions in the library. appropriate terminal degree required for tenure track positions. rank and salary will be dependent upon education and experience and subject to collective bargaining agreement. documentsand reference librarian. the incumbent fo r this position will have the responsibility for the selective u.s. depository collection (40%), montana state documents and maps. this librarian will also be an active member of the public services staff, with regular reference desk duties, library instruction responsibilities, and liaison with faculty. curriculum resource/education librarian. the person selected for this position will have the responsibility of operating acurriculum resource center as part of the eastern montana college library. there will be the opportunity to teach occationalcources in educational technology and media. this librarian will also be an active member of the public services staff, with reference and library instruction responsibilities. master’s degree from an ala-accredited library science program required for both positions. candidates must submit a letter of application, resume, and three recent letters of reference (letters must address applicant's qualification for the duties of the position). applications received by september 20 ‚ 1991 ‚ will be given preference review; however, applications will be accepted until the position is filled. for detailed vacancy announcement describing position description, qualifications required, and application procedure, contact: eastern montana college human resources office 1500 north 30th street billings, mt 59101 -0298 (406)657-2278 eastern montana college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. qualified women and minorities are encouraged to apply. serve as the advocate for the scholarly community in obtaining and providing access to state, federal, and international government information. mann library supports the research, instruction, and extension programs of the college of agriculture & life sciences, the college of human ecology, and the divisions of nutrition and biological sciences. these colleges are heavily dependent on government information; aggressive acquisitions of government publications is critical. the library is seeking a proactive librarian who will be an avid supporter of the public's right to free access to government information; who will monitor and establish acquisi­ tions policies for government publishing in print, microform, and electronic formats; and who will provide cataloging expertise for government information. responsibilities: identifies and selects all pertinent state, federal, and international governmental infor­ mational resources, with special emphasis on the integration of electronic resources into the collection. establishes means of receipt for government information, monitors usgpo and new york state depository programs, and evaluates collection strengths, weaknesses, and needs. aggressively pursues international gov­ ernment publications. plays an active role in lobbying efforts and in national and international organizations concerned with govern­ ment information. performs original and member-copy cataloging for government information and resolves cataloging problems in the online catalog. participates in research and development projects, particularly in the implementation of the electronic library. qualification: mls from an ala-accredited institution. demon­ strated interest or experience in government information. excel­ lent communication skills, some foreign language ability, and facility with personal computers, bibliographic databases, and integrated library management systems. interest in innovation and professional development. preferred: background or interest in agriculture, the life sciences, or relevant social sciences. knowl­ edge of cataloging, including aacr2, marc formats, lc classifi­ cation schedules, and theories related to the organization and retrieval of information. expected salary: $26,000 dependent on experience. closing date: october 1,1991, but application will be accepted until position is filled. apply to: ann dyckman, director of personnel, cornell university library, 201 olin library, ithaca, ny 14853-5301. please send cover letter, resume, list of three refer­ ences (with names, addresses, and telephone numbers). cornell university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of access and technical support, lehman/social work library, columbia university. columbia university seeks a talented librarian to administer access and technical support func­ tions for the social sciences research library. functions include managing circulation, reserves, stack and collection maintenance, serials, and binding; planning and implementation of the lehman/ social work components of our notis-based automated system (clio) in conjunction with library-wide implementation teams; supervising clio systems and equipment on site. the head also monitors and manages physical conditions of the library and interprets access policies to users. directs the work of one library supervisor and directs or takes general responsibility for 11 support staff and 11 fte student assistants. the head reports to the assistant director for social sciences, and participates in planning and evaluating policies and services for the lehman/social work library. the library serves all social sciences departments and the university librarian university of california, irvine the university of california, irvine invites applications and nominations for the position of university librarian. the university librarian is responsible for the main library, the biomedical library, the biological sciences library, the physical sciences library, and the medical center library. construc­ tion on a new science library will begin in august 1991. the library staff includes 56 academic librarians and 130 career support staff as well as over 275 part-time student employees. the university of california, irvine is located in orange county, 40 miles south of los angeles, and 5 miles from the pacific ocean. the present enrollment is 16,000 students with a faculty of 700 including the medical school. ethnic minority students comprise about 46% of the student body. the university offers 30 doctoral programs in addition to the md. current projections for future growth envision a campus of over 25,000 students by the year 2005. responsibilities: management of the library; leadership and innovation in its programs; excellence in library services; faculty relations; accountability for a budget of over$12,000,000 and a collection of 1.5 million volumes; planning and evaluation; public relations and fund development. the university librarian is a member of the university executive program and the academic senate, and reports to the associate executive vice chancellor of the irvine campus. the university librarian represents the irvine campus on uc systemwide library management and advisory groups. qualifications: significant achievement in areas relevant to the administration of a major research library; a demonstrably strong commitment to excellence in scholarship and research; knowledge of collection development, public and technical services, and library technology; the ability to shape, articulate, and implement a vision for the future of library resources, services and technical develop­ ment. the successful candidate will have a firm grasp of current issues in higher education and the ability to forge effective links with faculty and academic programs. minimum preparation will include an appropriate higher degree (either an mls from an ala-accredited library school or a ph.d) or equivalent experience; additional educational attainment and/or substantial research experience in librarianship or another discipline; demonstrated skills in planning and budgeting; and interest in overseeing the library’s development program; and the ability to work productively with library staff, faculty, and administration. the library at irvine is committed to the support and encouragement of a multicultural environment and seeks candidates who can make positive contributions in a context of ethnic and cultural diversity. salary will be commensurate with qualifications and experience. candidates should apply in writing, including with their letter a complete statement of qualifications, a full resume of their education and relevant experience, and the names and addresses of three references. committee review of applicant’s credentials will begin on september 15,1991 and continue until an appointment is made. send nominations and resumes to: search committee for the university librarian attn: shirley crawford 255 administration building university of california, irvine the university of california is an affirmative action employer. september 1991 / 543 curator, west asia collection cornell university library cornell university library seeks an experienced and dynamic librarian, with astrong public service commitment, to serve as curator of the wason collection on east asia. containing more than 425,000 volumes, the wason collection has long been noted for its western-language holdings on china, as well as its extensive chinese-language materials. more recently, it has also been aggressively developing its japanese-language holdings. from the summer of 1992, this distinguished collection will occupy the main level of cornell’s new carl a. krock library for special collections in the humanities and social sciences. duties and responsibilities: with general responsibility for supervising the departments's public service and collection development activities, the wason curator hires and supervises the collection's staff, manages its budget, interprets general library policies as they relate to the collection, provides reference and bibliographic service related to east asia in general, and china in particular, and serves as a central liaison with other library departments and with faculty and visiting scholars. the wason curator also selects all chinese language materials, and advises the library’s technical service departments on th e ir processing and cataloging of east asian materials. the curator works closely with the faculty and students of the cornell's east asia program in developing the collection’s holdings and in providing necessary support for the program’s research and teaching activities. appropriately qualified candidates wishing to offer an annual course on east asian bibliography and research methods will also be considered for an adjunct faculty appointment in the university’s department of asian studies. qualifications: a professional degree in librarianship and/or an advanced research degree in an appropriate field of chinese studies is required, as are demonstrated administrative skills and at least six years of progressively responsible experience in the asian collection of a major research library. a demonstrated commitment to public service at the research library level is also required. evidence on continuing scholarly interest and fluency in chinese is highly desired, with a research-level reading/ writing knowledge of chinese the minimum requirement. a strong working knowledge of japanese will be advantageous. strong verbal and written communication skills in english and chinese are essential, as is familiarity with the chinese-language book trade. evidence of initiative, leadership, personnel management skills, and enthusiasm for working cooperatively with colleagues in south asian and southeast asian collecton is essential, as is a demonstrated capacity to contribute to the field of east asian studies, to develop and promote the use of a very large research collection, to interact effectively with other library administrators, and to work with students, faculty, and visiting scholars. application: applications are desired by october 15,1991 ‚ but will be accepted until position is filled. salary and rank will be dependent upon qualifications and experience (with $33,000 minimum at beginning associate librarian level). submit letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: ann dyckman director of personnel 235 0 lin library cornell university ithaca, ny 14853-5301. cornell university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. school of social work, and houses the government documents service center. the collection to be managed contains 504,000 volumes. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements include: ability to work effectively with faculty, students and library col­ leagues; superior interpersonal and communications skills; and demonstrated talent for planning and managing in a complex academic environment. professional experience in an academic or special library, familiarity with notis or another automated library circulation system, and successful experience as a supervisor are highly desirable. salary ranges are: librarian i: $30,100-$39,130; librarian ii: $32,100-$43,335; librarian iii: $35,100-$50,895. ex­ cellent benefits include assistance with university housing and tuition exemption for self and family. send resume and the names, addresses and phone numbers of three references to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 585 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. cover letter should specify job title: head of access and technical support, lehman/social work library. applications received by october 15,1991 ‚ will be given priority consideration. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head of cataloging. twelve-month, tenure-track position reporting to dean of library services; rank equivalent to assistant professor. salary $41,904; excellent benefits. requirements in544 / c&r l news director, university libraries carnegie mellon university carnegie mellon university seeks applicants for the position of director of libraries. the director administers a system of three libraries staffed by 31 professionals and a support staff of 51. holdings include 787,000 print volumes, 4,275 current journal subscriptions, and a variety of non-print materials. the libraries support undergraduate programs in humanities, fine arts, social sciences, natural sciences and engineering. the library system is an integral part of a campus-wide information network serving a computation-intensive and sophisticated comm unity of scholars and research scientists. it is now the site for project mercury, a major research effort to develop a pilot of the electronic library of the future. cmu is committed to a strategy of meeting the information needs of a strong research comm unity and a diverse educational program, not sim ply by conventional collection building, but also by taking advantage of the institution's leadership role in the development of information technology. the director must possess both the vision to play a major role in endeavors like project mercury and the administrative skills and comm itm ent to manage ongoing library service effectively. he or she should hold a relevant advanced degree and have at least 5 years administrative experience, including budget responsibility, in progressively responsible positions in a research oriented library, it is essential that that experience be marked by innovative and energetic leadership. the successful candidate must be able to interact with faculty as an information scientist as well as an administrator, to participate in the development of research proposals as well as the cultivation of donors, and to lead the developm ent of state-of-the-art library services including access to documents in newly-emerging electronic media as well as printed form. salary $75,000 minimum. send letter of application, resume and names and addresses of 3 references to: david w. miller chair, library director search comm ittee hunt library 4825 frew street carnegie mellon university, pittsburgh, pa 15213-3890 or to david. w .m iller@ andrew.cmu.edu. applications should be received by novem ber 1 ‚ 1991. cmu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. nominations and application of minorities and women are particularly encouraged. elude: ala-accredited mls; minimum five years full-time, profes­ sional cataloging; experience with oclc or other major biblio­ graphic utility; aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, and marc for­ mats; successful supervisory experience; oral, written, and inter­ personal communications skills. write for complete announce­ ment, or submit letter of application with vita and three references to: library search committee, c/o dean of library services, cali­ fornia state university stanislaus, turlock, ca 95380. applica­ tions received by september 9, 1991, assured consideration. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of cataloging, graduate theological union library. under the general supervision of the head of technical services, administer operations of the cataloging section. supervise two copy catalogers and one professional cataloger. coordinate flow of materials and work assignments in the section. do original catalog­ ing and classification in all formats. required: ala-accredited mls; five years library experience including supervision; knowledge of at least one foreign language. knowledge of lc cataloging and classification. preferred: relevant subject master; knowledge of german or romance languages; demonstrated verbal and written communication skills. salary: $27,109 minimum, excellent fringe benefits. application deadline: october 1, 1991 or until position is filled. submit letter of application, resume, and list of three refer­ ences to: head of technical services, graduate theological union library, 2400 ridge rd., berkeley, ca 94709. eoe. head of cataloging. university of texas at san antonio seeks applicants for the position of head catalog librarian. quali­ fications: ala-accredited mls; 5 years of technical services expe­ rience including supervisory and catalog experience. experience with marc, aacr2, lcsh, lccs, and ocl c o r other utility. strong interpersonal, verbal, and written communication skills. prefer experience with notis, automated authority control and micro computer programming. duties: manage and supervise all catalog activities, develop policies and procedures, maintain quality control and ensure integrity of the online database. specialist and resource person in cataloging. coordinate activities with other departments. salary: $30,000 minimum, liberal benefits; no state income tax. application: send letter of application and resume to: sue tyner, asst. director for technical sen/ices, university of texas, at san antonio library, 6900 n. loop 1604 west, san antonio, tx 78249. applications by september 30, 1991, receive priority. utsa is an eeo/aa employer. head, interlibrary loan unit. responsibilities: reporting to the head of reference services, manages the interlibrary borrowing and lending activities of the university libraries and mailto:w.miller@andrew.cmu.edu september 1991 / 545 librarian, off-campus library services central michigan university this position will provide reference assistance, library user education and referral services for central michigan university, extended degree programs and credit courses students and faculty involved with graduate level, credit courses in the western regions of the u.s. and canada. this position also manages an instructional resources support program for off-campus faculty and chairs the planning forthe next off-campus library service conference. marketing of the library program is a key element of this position. minimum qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school and two years professional experience in public services setting; knowledge of online and/ or cd-rom searching; familiarity with library user education; evidence of excellent communication and interpersonal skills; willingness to travel by airplane and work aflexible schedule are required. preferred qualifications: reference experience with social sciences, administration, or health services literature; conference planning background and experience with micro-computing. salary commensurate with qualifications, minimum $30,000. position is a 12-month appointment based in mt. pleasant, michigan. excellent fringe benefits. submit letter of application, resume, and names, titles, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: chairperson, selection committee 207 park library central michigan university, mt. pleasant, ml 48859. position is available immediately. applications will be accepted until the positions filled. review of candidates files will begin july 30,1991. central michigan university is a state institution with an enrollment of 16,000 on-campus students and an off-campus constituency of about 12,000 students. cmu’s off-center library services program, a nationally recognized model, serves nontraditional students at off-campus centers, sponsors the offcampus library services conference and publishes its conference proceedings to support librarians in this field. provides service to borrowers; serves on the reference desk. supervises a staff of three classified, .5 fte professional, and student assistants and manages resources to process over 50,000 requests per year. assists in planning and implementing shared resource agreements with selected libraries; serves as representa­ tive to regional interlibrary lending committee; provides leadership in evaluating new and existing technologies for accessing and transmission of data; participates in planning for improved docu­ ment delivery services. research, publication, and sen/ice to library and university expected to satisfy criteria for continuing appointment and promotion. twelve-month, tenure-track faculty appointment. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; expe­ rience in interlibrary loan using oclc or rlin; minimum of two years supervisory experience; excellent management and organ­ izational skills; flexibility; knowledge of microcomputer applica­ tions; strong interpersonal and communications skills. preferred: general reference experience; familiarity with alternative methods of document delivery; familiarity with online databases. salary: commensurate with education and experience. minimum $30,000. apply to: christine m. travis, personnel officer, university librar ies-ul 139, university at albany, state university of new york, 1400 washington ave, albany, ny 12222. deadline: review of letters of application and resumes will begin september 30,1991. please include a list of three persons with addresses whom we can contact for references. the university at albany, state university of new york is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. applications from women, minority persons, handicapped persons, special disabled, and vietnam era veterans are especially wel­ come. head of library, assistant head of public services, loyola university of chicago. manages daily operations of the university’s water tower campus library, including reference services, periodical/microforms, circulation services, and curricu­ lum library. supervises 4 librarians, 8.5 support staff and several undergraduate and graduate assistants. a new library building is being planned. also serves as the assistant head of public services and participates in the overall administration of the libraries as a member of the administrative group. reports to the assistant university librarian for public services. qualifications include: ala-accredited mls degree; progressively responsible experience in public service in an academic library; substantial knowledge of reference and circulation policies and processes; supervisory experience; demonstrated leadership skills; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; knowledge of and interest in creative use of technology in public services. salary from $35,000. benefits include 20 days of vacation, full tuition benefits, university contributions totiaa/cref, dental insurance, and choice of medical plans. qualified applicants should send letter of applica­ tion, resume and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: ellen j. waite, university librarian, cudahy library, loyola university of chicago, 6525 n. sheridan rd. chicago il 60626. application deadline is september 1 ‚ 1991 ‚ but applications will continue to be received until the position is filled. loyola university of chicago is an affirmative action, equal oppor­ tunity educator/employer. head, medical sciences library. applications are invited for the post of head, medical sciences library at the level of deputy librarian in the university libraries. applicants should hold a good first degree, preferably in the sciences, and professional qualifica­ tions in librarianship/information science. the appointee should have had substantial experience in the management of medical or health sciences libraries and be familiar with automated systems. consideration will be given to candidates with relevant experience in academic, research, or special libraries. the appointee will be responsible to the campus librarian for the general organization and management of the medical sciences branch library. annual salary: scale tt $89,016 x $1,980-$96,936 b) $100,896 plus regional allowance of $12,204. passages, pension, housing, book and study, and travel grants. detailed applications naming three references to the campus registrar as soon as possible. further 546 / c&r l news sciences bibliographer (search reopened) tufts university medford, massachusetts tufts university seeks qualified applicants for the position of sciences bibliographer. reporting to the assistant d irector for collection management and technical services, this new position will be part of a recently im plemented collection developm ent and m anagem ent program. the purpose of the position is to create, administer, and maintain the library’s collections o n a subject-specific basis, with full intellectual and fiscal responsibility. responsibilities: adm inisters all science library materials funds with full responsibility for title selection and allocation of individual subject-specific funds. develops collection development policies. com municates and interprets library policy as needed. acts as a liaison with relevant faculties, students, and staff. participates in the developm ent of policies and procedures through committee work and acts as a resource person for science-related collection development and management, both individually and through scheduled meetings and discussions. c onducts serials reviews, collection evaluations, and relocations. prepares annual materials, budget rationale. qualifications: an ala-accredited mls is required, as well as previous academ ic library work experience in collection developm ent and management or an undergraduate degree in science with a demonstrated interest in collection m anagement. also required is the ability to w ork creatively in a rapidly changing environment. the successful candidate will be one who is flexible, diligent, and responsible; one who can work with minimum supervision and who can show initiative. appointm ent will be made at the librarian i, or affiliate level. send letter of application including resume and names and addresses of 3 references to: sonia payne arts & sciences library tufts university medford, ma 02155 screening forthis position will begin on october 15,1991 ‚ and will continue until the position is filled. tufts university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. particulars will be sent to all applicants. the university of the west indies, st. augustine, trinidad, west indies. head, monograph unit, bibliographic sen/ices department, syracuse university library. plans, coordinates, and manages all activities of the monograph unit including all acquisitions, search­ ing and cataloging functions of the unit. responsible for providing direction to individuals and supervision of functions including pre­ order searching, ordering, oclc cataloging, and catalog mainte­ nance, as well as establishment and implementation of standards and practices for all monograph acquisitions and cataloging activi­ ties. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; at least three years’ experience, preferably with current trends in publish­ ing, vendor services, cataloging activities; a record of effective supervision; demonstrated organizational ability, planning, man­ agement, interpersonal skills, excellent written and oral communi­ cation skills; experience with automated systems in libraries; facility with one or more foreign languages preferred. the mono­ graph unit of the bibliographic sen/ices department comprises two librarians, 2 supervisors, and a support staff of 18. bibliographic services also includes the serials and the receiving/accounting units. the position reports to the head of bibliographic services. salary is negotiable, commensurate with experience and qualifica­ tions, (minimum $28,000). applications received by october 15 will receive first consideration. send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references to: search committee for head, monograph unit, bibliographic service department, syracuse university li­ brary, office of human resources, syracuse university, skytop office building, syracuse, ny 13244-5300. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head of reference services. full-time probationary assis­ tant professor faculty position. experienced, innovative librarian sought to assume leadership responsibilities for reference service in consultation with the public services coordinator. position includes reference collection development and maintenance; su­ pervision of students reference desk service, including some evening and weekend work; bibliographic instruction; and online searching. applicants should have good communication skills, imagination, and a dedication to quality reference service. aca­ demic year contract with some summer employment usually avail­ able at individual and campus options. the library faculty is organized as an academic department. candidates must have an ala-accredited mls and an additional subject master’s degree. minimum of four years relevant professional reference experience in an academic library; experience in using cd-rom products and september 1991 / 547 faculty positions at the school of library and information science indiana university bloomington, indiana indiana university school of library and information science (slis) is continuing to recruit several full-time, tenure-track faculty members atthe rankof assistant or associate professorto begin as early as january 1992. slis seeks candidates who are genuinely interested in the intellectual bases and future viability of the library and information field. we are looking for people who will stimulate and provide superior collective performance in a collegial atmosphere. highly desirablequalifications include: demonstrable research record orpotential. forward-looking research agenda, substantive contribution to scholarly literature, willingness and ability to present at national and international symposia, grantsmanship; vision and broadmindedness; comfortable with change, intellectual curiosity, networker/boundary spanner, intellectual trader. commitment to library and information science field; interest in defining the core and exploring the edges of the field, willingness and ability to incorporate new ideas into teaching and research and to transfer theoretical constructs to the work of practice. teaching ability/experience; ability to excite the best students to explore and experiment, willingness to identify and mentor researchers and authors among the student body. ph.d. completed or anticipated in library and information science or related field. areas of specialization;thefollowing areas are illustrative, not definitive; systems and technologies, information resources management, applications of cognitive science, information networking, elec­ tronic media and markets, scholarly communication, economics of information, organization of knowledge. teaching responsibilities normally include fourorfivecourses per academic year. optimal summer teaching opportunities are available. slis offers master’s, specialist (6th year), and ph.d. degrees. the school is committed to a statewide program of education at the master’s level. new faculty hirings and a significant capital investment to support the expansion and upgrading of the school’s computer faculty are evidence of an increased commitment to information science at indiana university. a large library and information science faculty and ph.d. program, dual-degree programs in journalism, law, public administration, and other areas, a major research library, and a supportive computing environment offer significant opportunities for collaborative research. indiana university is a major research university, and candidates are expected to meet the requirements of scholarship and publication of such an institution. iu slis, one of the largest and most highly regarded library and information science education programs, is located in a beautiful area of southern indiana, and provides superb opportunities for culture and leisure. indiana university offers a wide range of benefits, including fully employerfunded tiaa/cref. salary minimum ranges from $30,000 to $36,000 (assistant professor) and $36,000 to $44,000 (associate professor). interested individuals should contact; judith serebnick search and screen committee chair school of library and information science indiana university bloomington, in 47405 telephone; (812) 855-5113; fax; (812) 855-6166. bitnet; serebnic@ iubacs or internet; serebnic@ ucs.indiana.edu. applications received by october 1 ‚ 1991 will be assured of considera­ tion. applicants should include a letter of intent and current resume. dialog or brs. position available january 13, 1992. salary: minimum $28,000. send application letter, resume and three current, professional references with phone numbers to: karin sandvik, department chair, university of wisconsin-la crosse, la crosse, wl 54601. screening of applicants begins nov. 1, 1991 ‚ and continues until position is filled. refer to position #302. aa/eoe. head, science and engineering library, university of california, san diego. ucsd is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and specifically seeks candidates who can make contributions in an environment of cultural and ethnic diversity. rank: associate librarian, $35,052-$50,496 or librarian, $47,124 $65,340. responsibilities: under the general direction of the mailto:serebnic@ucs.indiana.edu 548 / c&r l news associate university librarian-sciences, the department head plans, develops, manages, and evaluates the science and engi­ neering library’s collection services, operations, and facilities in a highly automated environment; functions primary liaison between the library and the faculty of the six academic departments; develops resource-sharing and access arrangements with other research libraries in california; chairs the library’s advisory com­ mittee and represents the library on other university and outside committees, as required. responsible for organizational and per­ sonnel planning for 17.5 fte staff. takes active role in developing funding sources outside the library. provides reference and online search services and participates in collection development. ucsd librarians are expected to participate in library-wide planning activi­ ties and to be active professionally. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent. relevant library experience, including some supervisory experience. evi­ dence of strong administrative and library experience, including competence in planning and organizing services and directing staff. excellent written and oral communications skills. understanding of scientific research process, ability to work effectively with faculty, and a strong commitment to provision of effective and innovative library services. knowledge of issues and trends relating to library automation and its implications for technical and public services. desirable: academic background in science. an appointee at the librarian level is expected to bring to the position well-developed managerial skillsand considerable expertise in science librarianship as well as a record of significant contributions to the field of librarianship. applications recieved by october 15, 1991, will be assured of consideration. submit a letter of application, enclosing a resume and a list of references to: university of california, san diego, janet tait, assistant for academic personnel, library, 0175h-1, 9500 gilman dr., la jolla, ca 92093-0175. head of technical services. responsibilities: leadership, planning, management of technical services policies and opera­ tions. supervision of acquisitions, cataloging, serials and govern­ ment documents, review collection development practices and new development policy with director of the library and faculty. work with coordinator for library systems for hardware and software support for optimal use of bibliographic utilities, file transfers, workflow, and statistical analysis of technical operations. develop­ ment of bibliographic and technical support sen/ices, and strategic planning for the library during a time of expansion and innovation. report to director of the library. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, with experience in an academic library. knowledge of biblio­ graphic control applications and technical processing, including library automation; familiarity with oclc and innopac. initiative and leadership in technical services; interpersonal communication and analytical skills; managerial and administrative experence. knowledge of languages helpful. salary: commensurate with experience and qualifications; minimum $33,500. submit letter of application, resume and 3 references by september 20 to: charles henry, director of the library, vassar college, poughkeepsie, ny 12601. aa/eoe. humanities and social sciences department refer­ ence librarian/bibliographerbased on the candidate’s qualifications and interests and the needs of the department. reports to the head, humanities/social sciences department. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accredited program; strong background in the social sciences, including, but not limited to, political science, sociology, or business; working knowledge of microcomputers, and effective oral and written communication skills. must be committed to working collegially. advanced subject degree in the social sciences or online/cd-rom searching expe­ rience desirable. miami university is a selective institution, located in oxford, ohio, 35 miles northwest of cincinnati. the miami university libraries contain over 1.4 million volumes, have an extensive collection of government documents and microforms, and subscribe to over 12,000 serials. they serve 850 teaching and research faculty, 15,000 undergraduates, and 1,000 graduate students. the library has 36 librarians, 55 support staff, is a member of oclc, crl, and has innovative interfaces online system. benefits include blue cross/blue shield, major medical disability, dental and term life insurance all paid by the university. public employee retirement system. minimum salary $23,000. submit letter of application, resume, and names, telephone numbers and addresses of three professional references to: judith a. sessions, dean and university librarian, miami university, oxford, oh 45056. applications received by september 1, 1991, will receive first consideration; position open until filled. miami university is an equal opportunity employer. instruction coordinator, cornell university, albert r. mann library. the albert r. mann library at cornell university is seeking a librarian to coordinate instruction and to participate in reference and computerized search services as a member of a public services professional staff of nine. reporting to the head of public services, the instruction coordinator works with a group of instructors drawn from the library’s public services, technical services, collection development, and information technology professional staff. mann library supports cornell university college of agriculture and life sciences, the college of human ecology, the division of nutritional sciences, and the division of biological sciences. recognizing that users of information resources increasingly expect access from beyond the library walls, mann is implementing an electronic library entered through a central gateway, available across the campus networks. this gateway, available at workstations in offices, labs, and microcomputer centers, leads users to bibliographic, full text, and numeric databases located on and off campus. instruction for users of this electronic library will combine education for a constitu­ ency that may never enter the library with instruction for those who use information resources inside the library building. mann library has initiated a program of information management workshops which are subject, system, or application specific. most workshops are taught in the library’s online classroom or microcomputer center, or in other microcomputer facilities on campus. computer technology plays a key role in the workshops, with technical support provided by the library’s information technology section. the program is the result of mann library’s research and experimenta­ tion into the most effective methods for teaching a comprehensive set of information management skills to a large population of undergraduates, graduate students, and faculty. the library seeks a librarian to evaluate, publicize, and expand this program, and to take a leadership role in investigating new instructional approaches. knowledge & experience: ala-accredited mls, excellent commu­ nication and presentation skills, and strong interpersonal skills required. experience in academic librarianship or education re­ q u ire d . e x p e rie n c e in te a c h in g th e use of co m p u tin g , telecomaunications, and information management technology de­ sirable. strong interest in professional development, participation in professional organizations, and enthusiasm for innovative pro­ grams are important. expected salary: $26,000+ dependent on qualifications. closing date: october 31 ‚ 1991 ‚ but applications will be accepted until position is filled. apply to: ann dyckman, director of personnel, cornell university library, 201 olin library, ithaca, ny 14853-5301. send cover letter, resume, three references including addresses and telephone numbers. cornell university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. latin american catalog librarian, arizona state univer­ sity. does original cataloging of spanish/portuguese monographs & serials; supervises a library specialist in original and copy assisted cataloging of latin american materials; participates in departmental governance and management. position offers oppor­ tunities to participate in collection development and public service activities. required: ala-accredited mls degree; demonstrated knowledge of aacr2r, lcsh, lc classification system and marc content designation; excellent reading knowledge of spanish; ability to adapt and work effectively in a changing, diverse, and automated environment; effective interpersonal and communica­ tion skills; evidence of professional commitment. preferred: aca­ demic background in spanish and latin american studies; super­ visory and training experience; working knowledge of portuguese. salary: $23,000 and up, dependent on qualifications and experi­ ence. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent references to: rebecca burke, acting assistant dean for personnel, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287-1006. phone (602) 965-3417. deadline: august 15, 1991; applications will be accepted after the deadline and reviewed on a biweekly basis until the position is filled. asu is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. librarian: coodinate and monitor the implementation and evaluation of the integrated library system and online services. responsible for the selection, installation, maintenance, and appli­ cation of microcomputer hardware and software, and cd-rom databases. 40hpw; 8:30am-4:30pm; $30k/yr; must have ms in library science and one year experience. experience wtih various centre canadien d'architecture /canadian centre for architecture head librarian the centre c anadien d'architecture/c anadian centre for architecture is seeking a scholar librarian to lead the development of one o f the w orld's great architectural libraries. the head librarian w ill be responsible fo r overseeing all lib ra ry operations, directing the expansion o f its collection, furthering activities linked to the w id e r research and library communities, and contributing to the long range planning of the institution. the c c a library is an international research collection devoted to the history of architecture ana the built environment. it already comprises 1 4 0 ,0 0 0 titles, with an emphasis upon rare book and special collections related to the history of architectural theory, practice and publishing from the fifteenth century to the present. the library is one o f the central components of a study centre and museum with internationally important collections of photographs, draw ings and archives and with w ide-ranging research and exhibition programmes. the head librarian supervises a staff o f 21 – including an associate librarian with general management responsibilities – and works closely with the director, c hief curator and other senior staff in the development of institutional policies and pro­ grammes. the head librarian w ill be encouraged to pursue independent research under conditions com parable with those in a university environment. the head librarian must possess an advanced degree in art or architecture or a related discipline in the humanities, with a record o f scholarship; seven or more years of progressively responsible experience in an academic or research library, w ith an mls preferred; and the a bility to w ork in french and english. the salary level is competitive and personal benefits are excellent. the c c a is an equal opportunity employer. please sfourb mit your curriculum vitae to: manager centre architecture, 1920 baile street, of montrehalum, an resources, canadian quebec h3h 2só. centre canadien d'architecture /canadian centre for architecture mαnαqer of information technology the centre canadien d'architecture/c anadian centre for architecture in montreal is a study centre and a museum founded to study and make known the significance of architecture in the history of our society. under the supervision o f the head o f museum services, the m anager is responsible for the management and coordination of information technology services required by all departments o f the cca. the m anager w ill be responsible for the conceptualization and long-range planning o f the information technology requirements of the institution. the primary focus w ill be on the application o f information technology to library and collections docu­ mentation, cataloguing and access; interactive exhibition displays, including video and graphics presentation; and research programmes. the analysis and develop­ ment associated with these userand research-oriented database applications are essential. the m anager w ill also assess, coordinate and plan for the information management needs o f other divisions o f the cca including development, communications, and administration and finance, as well as implementation and staff training. the incumbent w ill be responsible for the administration o f the personnel and budget of the information technology department. the m anager must possess experience in the design, development, implementation and use o f automated systems for collection, archives, libraries o r museums as well as a minimum o f five years' experience in information technology and management w ith a broad base of technical knowledge o f computer environments including relational and text-based database systems. an advanced degree in the social sciences, humanities, library science o r the equivalent is required, and experience with computerized graphics, image or video systems is desirable. a working knowledge o f both official languages is essential. the salary level is competitive and personal benefits are excellent. the c c a is an equal opportunity employer. please submit your curriculum vitae to: manager of human resources, canadian centre for architecture, 1920 baile street, montreal, quebec h3h 2s6. september 1991 / 551 multicultural services librarian university of california, santa cruz assistant librarian/associate librarian. sal­ ary range for these ranks: $28,668-$50,496. reporting to the head of reference services: responsible for providing leadership in library services for the campus multicultural com m u­ nity. coordinates an outreach program. provides library instruction and specialized reference serv­ ice in multicultural studies. provides general reference service in the social sciences and humanities; serves 12-15 hours a w eek at the reference desk, including weekend and eve­ ning service; participates in com puter reference service; prepares and presents instructional m aterials; selects reference materials. partici­ pates in library-wide activities, including adm in­ istrative comm ittees and special projects. quali­ fications: required: graduate degree from an ala-accredited library school; demonstrated ability to communicate and establish ties with the ucsc multicultural community and to provide an intensive outreach program to that community; broad interest in the humanities/social sciences and in working with undergraduates, graduate students, and faculty; ability to w ork at the refer­ ence desk, provide library instruction, and per form online searches. preferred: prior reference desk experience; multicultural outreach experi­ ence. application deadline: october 7, 1991. applicants should supply a statement of their qualifications, a resume, and the names of four (4) references who can comm ent on their quali­ fications. send correspondence to: katherine beiers assistant university librarian— personneï university library university of california santa cruz, ca 95064 ucsc is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. omputer platforms, software, and networking; of information sys­ ms and online access via internet, bitnet phone line, etc.; of ms os machine hardware peripherals, and software such as win­ ows, excel, dbase, spss, and procomm; and of multimedia evelopment software such as toolbook. must have knowledge of c lan, cd-rom network access hardware and software; and of tatistical analysis. send resume to: the gettysburg job service ffice, 108 n. stratton st. (rear), gettysburg, pa 17325. jo#: 425214. c te d d d p s o 4 library director, historical society of pennslyvania. to manage 500,000 volume reference and genealogical collection with primary and secondary source materials relating to the dela­ ware valley region and to the original thirteen states. the director supervises all library functions including collecting, preserving, and making holdings availible for use. staff of eight fulland part time employees. qualifications: minimum of five years experience in library management including financial and supervision respon­ sibility; background in american history and genealogy; and good interpersonal and communication skills. eoe. salary: $30’s. apply to. president's office. historical society of pennsylvania, 1300 locust street, philadelphia, pa 19107. application deadline sep­ tember 30. middle east bibliographer needed to assume responsibil­ ity for developing and maintaining the library’s collections about and from egypt and the middle east and for providing bibliographic/ instructional assistance to users researching middle eastern sub­ jects. m.a. in middle east studies or a middle eastern area discipline and a graduate degree in librarianship are required. minimum three years professional library experience required; experience in bibliography preferred. fluent english and arabic are required. a working knowledge of turkish, persian, and european languages is desired. two-year appointment (renewable) begins february 1992. rank will be senior librarian; salary to be based on qualifications and experience. for expatriots, housing, roundtrip air travel, plus schooling for two children included. applications will be accepted until all the position is filled. interviews will be held at the november 1991 middle east studies association meeting in wash­ ington, d.c. write with curriculum vitae to: george h. gibson, the american university in cairo, 866 united nations plaza, suite 517, new york, ny 10017. preservation cataloger. the university of notre dame libraries are seeking a qualified person to fill a three-year position, possibility of renewal, funded by the national endowment for the humanities, preservation division. responsibilities will include creation of bibliographic records for preservation microfilm mas­ ters: upgrading existing records, converting uncataloged titles, maintaining bibliographic database for project. ala-accredited mls; degree in medieval studies desirable; reading knowledge of latin and at least one other western european language: knowl­ edge of aacr2 and marc formats: familiarity with major biblio­ graphic utilities, knowledge of preservation practices and issues relating to preservation microfilming highly desirable. minimum salary $24,500, good benefits. closing date: august 15, 1991; position available september 1. send letter of application, resume and reference information to: peggy weissert, human resources representative, 221 hesburgh library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556. the university of notre dame is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. nominations and applications are particularly encouraged from members of ehtnic minorities. reference/collection development librarian-edu cation library. currently open (begining october 1991). this posi­ tion provides a full range of reference services to students (under­ graduate and graduate) and faculty. may provide reference serv­ ices in the humanities and social sciences library. participates in the library user education program using a concept-based mode of instruction. assists in the use of cdrom resources of which eric on dialog is the most heavily used. the position will be responsible for collection development in elementary/secondary education, children’s literature, and a textbook collection of el­ ementary and secondary works. librarians are appointed as mem­ bers of the washington state university faculty and are expected to participate actively in the university’s instructional, research, and service programs. all privileges, obligations, and research respon­ sibilities of faculty are inherent in such membership. librarians are ranked in grades of 2, 3, and 4, equivalent to the academic ranks of assistant professor, associate professor, and professor. a progressive record of professional/scholarly achievement is ex­ pected of all librarians. education library, a separate library branch, shares space with the college of education in cleveland hall. the education library personnel include two full-time professionals, two full-time classified staff, and fifteen student assistants. the education library actively supports the mission of the college of education with collection emphasis in elementary/secondary edu­ cation, educational administration, education psychology, and children’s literature. the education library also provides services 552 / c &r l news two positions temple university c o o rd in a to r o f c o m p u te riz e d r eference s e rv ic e s : coordinates computerized database search services throughout the library system, including m ediated online and end-user cd-ro m searching. acts as prim ary searcher and assigns search requests to other searchers; monitors vendor accounts; chairs regular m eetings of searchers. c oordinates reference service fo r 50-w orkstation cdrom network; m aintains cd-ro m softw are; serves as liaison with com puter center. develops and conducts searcher training and enduser instruction. r ecomm ends and im plem ents new services, technologies, and policies. serves 15 hours p e r w e e k at general reference and business/governm ent docum ents desks, plus weekend rotation and occasional evenings. q ualifications: required: alaac credited mls. two ye a rs’ professional experience in academ ic or research library, including online and cd-rom database searching. knowledge of m icrocom puter applications; ability to coordinate w ork of other professionals; strong service com m itm ent; well developed interpersonal skills; ability to express ideas effectively both orally and in writing. preferred: broad liberal arts background; instruction or training experience. l ib ra ry in s tru c tio n c o o rd in a to r (s e a rc h r e o p e n e d ): coordinates library instruction activities throughout the library system. adm inisters the library skills w orkbook program (a core curriculum requirem ent); edits the printed w orkbook and related com puter as#isted instruction; organizes and presents courserelated instruction; oversees creation of printed library guides; serves on the library instruction c om mittee. serves 15 hours per w eek at general reference and business/governm ent docum ents desks, plus weekend rotation and occasional evenings. qualifications: required: ala accredited mls. tw o ye a rs’ professional experience in academ ic or research library, including substantial library instruction responsibilities o r reference position with secondary or college teaching background. broad knowledge of reference sources and research strategies, strong service com m it­ ment, well developed interpersonal skills, ability to conceptualize and express ideas effectively both orally and in writing. preferred: social science or humanities background; online searching experience and w orking knowledge of m icrocom puters. both positions. salary: minimum $25,000 for i0-month appointm ent; higherdepending on qualifica­ tion and experience. an additional month may be required for an added 9.6% of annual salary. fringe benefits include health, dental, and life insurance; tuition rem ission; tiaa-c r ef. application proce­ dure: send letter addressing all qualifications stated above with resum e and nam es of 3 references to: m ark j a c o b s , c h a ir, s e a rc h c o m m itte e c /o a d m in is tra tiv e s e rv ic e s d e p a rtm e n t p a le y l ib ra ry 017-00 t e m p le u n iv e rs ity p h ila d e lp h ia , p a 19122 review of applications will begin o c to b e r 1 ‚ 1991 ‚ and continue until position is filled. an ee/eo em ployer and information to the greater campus community and the educa­ tors in the pullman and palouse areas. required: ala-accredited mls; must have one of the following: (1) academic background in education or a related social science discipline, o r (2) academic reference experience in the field of education or a related social science discipline, or (3) collection development experience in the field of education or a related social science discipline. preferred: professional experience in education or one of the social sciences. professional collection development experience and user educa­ tion experience in an academic library. salary: from $22,000; commensurate with qualifications and experience. rank: librarian i; faculty status. benefits: tiaa/cref, broad insurance program, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year side leave. application procedures: send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, associate director for administrative ser­ vices, washington state university libraries, pullman, w a99164 5610. application review begins: september 1 3 , 1991. washington state university is an equal opportunity/affirmative action educator and employer. members of ethnic minorities, women, vietnam era or disabled veterans, persons of disability, and/or persons between the ages of 40-70 are encouraged to apply. reference librarian. adrian college, an undergraduate liberal arts college, invites applications for the position of reference librarian at shipman library. responsibilities include conventional and online reference service; bibliographic instruction; shared duties at reference desk, including some evenings and weekends. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; familiarity with oclc and 554 / c&rl news dialog; ability to conduct effective bibliographic instruction. preferred: 3-5 years experience in academic librarianship; expe­ rience with dra library automation system. salary range: $22,560 $28,064, depending on experience and qualifications. benefits include 24 days vacation; tiaa/cref; blue cross\blue shield. adrian college is located in a historically significant community— 40 miles from ann arbor, 30 miles from toledo, and 70 miles from detroit. application deadline: october 15, 1991. send letter of application, resume, and names addresses and phone numbers of three references to: paul md coleman, director, shipman library, adrian college, adrian, ml 49221. (eoe). reference librarian. james madison university’s carrier library is seeking a reference librarian. the university is a publicly supported institution offering primarily undergraduate programs (enrollment approximately 11,500 fte). there are also graduate programs at the master’s level. located in virginia’s shenandoah valley, jmu is considered one of the outstanding schools in the region and aspires to be one of the best public undergraduate institutions in the nation. carrier library has mod­ ern facilities, offers more than 600,000 items in its collections, provides media resources and sen/ices, and has installed the vtls online catalog and circulation system. current periodical subscriptions number approximately 2,500 titles. the reference department provides access to the dialog and brs online serv­ ices in addition to several cd-rom databases, internet and bitnet. the staff consists of 19 fte library faculty and 35 fte cla ssified staff. position d escription: prim ary responsibilities in volve the provision and developm ent of reference services. provides regularly scheduled reference assistance, including some evenings and weekends; serves as liaison to selected academ ic departm ents in the social sciences; assum es re­ sponsibility for selection of m aterials, library in struction, and the creation of bibliographies and research guides fo r those departm ents; participates in the developm ent of th e reference and general collections; serves on library and university com m ittees; reports to the head reference librarian. q ualifi­ cations expected: a la-accredited mls; ability to w o rk coop­ eratively with faculty, students and colleagues is essential; ability to com m unicate effective ly both orally and in writing; strong com m itm ent to public service; evidence of ability to provide effective course-related library in struction; enthusias­ tic acceptance of com puter-based library technology; poten­ tia l to m eet the requirem ents of a tenure tra ck faculty position. undergraduate or graduate degree in the social sciences preferred. benefits and salary: this is a 12-m onth, tenure track appointm ent w ith faculty rank; 20 days paid vacation plus university holidays and paid bc/bs health insurance. r etire­ m ent options are several including tiaa/cr ef and the v ir­ ginia retirem ent system , with th e university making the full contribution. this is an entry-level position with a salary at $25,000. applications for position should include a resume plus three references including telephone num bers. c andi­ dates being given serious consideration w ill be asked to provide transcripts and le tters of reference. position will be available o ctober 1, 1991 and will remain open until filled. applications w ill be reviewed by the search com m ittee sep­ tem ber 1 ‚ 1991. send to: tam m y crawford, reference librar­ ian search comm ittee, c arrier library, jam es madison uni­ versity, harrisonburg va 22807. jam es madison university is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity em ployer. re fe r e n c e lib r a r ia n /c o o r d in a t o r of b ib l io ­ graphic instruction. primary responsibility: provide general reference services in the social sciences and humanities. partici­ pate in all reference service activities including desk duty (night and weekend rotation), use of automated reference tools (online databases, cd-rm, online catalog, etc.), collection development materials. secondary responsibility: coordinate bibliographic in­ struction activities for social sciences and humanities, including development of new programs. qualifications required: mls from an accredited program; superior interpersonal and communication skills; interest in and knowledge of bibliographic instruction; knowl­ edge of automated reference services and collection develop­ ment. qualifications desired: graduate or undergraduate degree in social sciences or humanities field; experience in managing a bibliographic instruction program or other faculty liaison program. rank and salary: librarian i or ii with a$23,100 minimum; generous benefits package including immediate tuition waiver for self and dependents. review of applications will begin september 15,1991. please forward resume and names addresses and phone numbers of three references to: kathleen burke, administrative assistant, howard-tilton memorial library, tulane university, new orleans, la 70118-5682. tulane university is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action em ployer. reference librarian and user education coordina­ tor, owen science and engineering library. currently open (begin november 1991). under the direction of head, science libraries, is responsible for coordination of library user education in owen library, with additional responsibilities in reference, data­ base searching, collection development, liaison to departments, participation on library committees and other duties as assigned. librarians are appointed as members of the washington state university faculty and are expected to participate actively in the university’s instructional, research, and service programs. all privileges, obligations, and research responsibilities of faculty are inherent in such membership. librarians are ranked in grades of 2, 3 and 4, equivalent to the academic ranks of assistant professor, associate professor, and professor. a progressive record of profes­ sional/scholarly achievement is expected of all librarians. wash­ ington state university is a land-grant university founded in 1890 with an enrollment of approximately 18,500 students. the main campus is located in pullman, a town of 24,000 nestled among the rolling wheat-, pea-, and lentil-growing palouse hills of southeast­ ern wasington; there are also three branch campuses located in spokane, vancouver, and tri-cities. the wsu libraries, a member of the association of research libraries, have current holdings of 1,606,851 bound volumes. required: ala-accredited mls; effec­ tive interpersonal relations and communication skills. preferred: experience in science/engineering/medical library and/or subject background; user education; database searching; use of micro­ computers. salary: from $22,000; commensurate with qualifica­ tions and experience; rank: librarian ii or above;commensurate with qualifications and experience; full faculty status. benefits: tiaa/cref, broad insurance program, 22 days vacation, 12 days/ year sick leave. application procedures: send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, associate director for administrative services, washington state university libraries, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application review begins: september 30, 1991. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action educator and employer. mem­ bers of ethnic minorities, women, vietnam era or disabled veterans, persons of disability, and/or persons between the ages of 40-70 are encouraged to apply. science reference librarian. provides reference assis­ tance in science, engineering, education, and psychology. bibliog­ rapher for biological sciences, chemistry, computer science, math­ ematics, physics, and general science, working collegially with the faculty in these departments. conducts computer-assisted litera­ ture searching and provides library-user instruction. manages local inter-library cooperative delivery service. some evening and week­ end reference duty required. reports to head of reference. re­ quired: mls from an ala-accredited program; several years’ experience in science reference and collection development, pref­ erably in an academic library; proficiency in computer-assisted literature searching; ability to communicate effectively orally and in writing; and ability to work productively with diverse groups in an urban academic setting. academic course work or degree in a science discipline, experience in library-user education and read­ ing knowledge of german or french preferred. salary $23,000 to $27,500. twelve-month appointment at the assistant or associate librarian rank, dependent on qualifications. librarians at the uni­ versity of new orleans are tenurable academic appointees enjoy­ ing full faculty status and responsibilities, including teaching, research, and service. benefits include 21 days vacation, 12 days sick leave per year. participation in teachers retirement system of louisiana or optional retirement plan is required; several optional group insurance and health maintenance plans are avail­ able. only the medicare portion of social security taxes is required. available january, 1992. send letter of application with resume and the names and addresses of three references to: lynn m. accardo, assistant to the dean, earl k. long library,university of new orleans, new orleans, la 70148. applications received by no­ vember 1 will be given first consideration. the university of new orleans is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. september 1991 / 555 science reference librarian/coordinator of com­ puter services for the sciences and engineering, arizona state university. responsible for subject specialist support and training in the use of online databases, optical disks, indexes on the online catalog, networks, and microcomputers. may be responsible for development and implementation of expanded program of end-user searching. participates as reference librarian in science reference. responsibilities will evolve to best integrate information technology with asu libraries’ goals. required: ala accredited mls degree; strong background in science (academic training and/or experience); effective communication and interper­ sonal skills; experience with microcomputers; experience with or knowledge of end-user technologies/systems; experience using dialog, brs, or stn; science reference experience in an aca­ demic, research, or special library. preferred: undergraduate or graduate degree in the sciences; supervisory experience; instruc­ tional experience; substantial experience with program develop­ ment, implementation, and evaluation, especially of the introduc­ tion of microcomputers and vendor-supplied online databases into library service programs; knowledge of local area networking. salary: $23,000 and up, dependent on qualifications and experi­ ence. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent references to: rebecca burke, acting assistant dean for personnel, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287-1006 (phone 602/965-3417). deadline: september 1, 1991; applications will be accepted after the deadline and reviewed on a biweekly basis until the position is filled. asu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. serials manager. the lehigh university libraries seek a serials manager responsible for planning, implementing and direct­ ing serials cataloging, control and binding activities utilizing oclc and geac. the manager supervises four support staff and one half time cataloger. requirements: mls from an ala-accredited insti­ tution, minimum 5 years professional experience in an academic or research library, including significant (at least two years) experi­ ence in serials cataloging; working knowledge of european lan­ guages and general microcomputer software; strong interpersonal and communication skills; knowledge and expertise with aacr2, lcsh, classification systems, oclc or similar utility and auto­ mated serial control systems. the position demands ability to perform detailed analytical work. supervisory experience and evidence of professional development are highly desirable. salary: $31,000 minimum with excellent benefits. for full consideration, send application with names of three references by september 15, 1991 ‚ to: berry g. richards, director of university libraries, fairchild martindale library #8a, lehigh university, bethlehem, pa 18015. lehigh university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. serials librarian. responsible for the daily operation of the serials deptartment including ordering, check-in, maintenance, binding, and reference service for a collection of approximately 2,000 titles, including microfilm. department head provides leader­ ship in planning, setting priorities, coordination, and management of all serial activities. this includes integration of serials into the local system. responsible for hiring, training, and supervision of a staff of 3 paraprofessionals, 1 graduate assistant, and student workers. works closely with collection development librarian and other department heads. reports to assistant director of technical services. sims memorial is a notis library with acquisitions, cataloging, circulation, and opac implemented. southeastern louisiana univiversity is one of the fastest growing state universi­ ties in the country with an enrollment of 11,000. hammond, a city of 25,000, is located within easy driving distance of new orleans and baton rouge. qualifications: accredited mls. two to three years progressively responsible experience in a serials position, preferably in an academic setting. familiarity with bibliographic control and automation of serials. effective communication and interpersonal skills. knowledge of oclc, notis, and use of micro­ computers highly desirable. twelve-month, tenure-track faculty appointment at rank of assistant professor. salary: $28,000 and up depending on experience and qualifications. review of applica­ tions will begin october 15. send letters of application, resumes, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 references to: kay adams, p.o. drawer 896, southeastern louisiana university, hammond, la 70402. technical services librarian. shawnee state university is seeking qualified applicants for this administrative position. occupying its new state-of-the-art building, the library supports baccalaureate, associate degree, and continuing education pro­ grams. responsibilities include: supervising paraprofessional staff in areas of acquisitions, cataloging, government documents de­ pository, and serials; acting as team member for implementation of both interim automated and state-wide automated systems. some reference duty required. qualifications: mls from an ala-accred ited library school; ability to meet, communicate and deal with people effectively; basic knowledge of ibm compatible computer systems and automated systems; at least two years experience in a technical services position using oclc. 12-month appointment with 20 days vacation, excellent fringes. salary range $23,543 $29,004 based on experience. beginning date september 15. send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 professional refer­ ences to: office of the provost, shawnee state university, 940 second street, portsmouth, oh 45662-4303. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. user education coordinator. loyola university of chi­ cago. librarian to provide leadership in and to coordinate library orientation and instruction programs on three campuses of the library system. responsible for: proposing, developing, implement­ ing, evaluating, and marketing instructional programs in a highly automated environment; training and evaluating staff who partici­ pate in the instruction program; handouts and aspects of end-user instruction. serves at the reference desk. reports to the head of reference department at cudahy library. qualifications include: ala-accredited mls degree; minimum of two years of reference experience, preferably in an academic library; demonstrated knowl­ edge of instruction techniques; one-on-one and group teaching experience; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; knowledge of creative use of technology in library instruction. base salary $23,000. higher salary negotiable based upon experience and qualifications. benefits include 20 days of vacation, full tuition benefits, university contributions to tiaa/cref, dental insurance, and choice of medical plans. qualified applicants should send letter of application, resume and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: j. waite, university librarian, cudahy library, loyola university of chicago, 6525 n. sheridan rd., chicago, il 60626. application deadline is september 1 ‚ 1991 ‚ but applications will continue to be received until the position is filled. loyola university of chicago is an affirmative action, equal opportunity educator/employer. late ads h ead catalo g in g d epartm en t. reporting to the director of processing services, manages and coordinates the cataloging department consisting of 16+ professional, paraprofessional and student assistant staff who work with both monographs and serials. provides input in the continuing implementation of the notis system; reviews workflow and priorities in light of new developments in automated technical services with an emphasis on finding creative responses to changing requirements in a dynamic environment. the processing services divicalifornia state university, los angeles 5 librarian positions california state university, los angeles invites applications for five full-time tenure-track library faculty positions: serials librarian head, adaptive cataloging unit r eference librarian specializing in education with an emphasis in curriculum and instruction r eference librarian specializing in humanities reference librarian specializing in life sciences the university. california state university, los angeles, a comprehensive urban university and one o f 20 campuses that comprise the california state university system, offers programs in more than 50 academic and professional fields and serves approximately 21,000 fulland part-time students. the campus is located in northeast los angeles, a community whose rich ethnic diversity is reflected in the student body. as part o f our affirmative action commitment, w e strongly encourage qualified ethnic minorities to apply, and we welcom e and are seeking candidates who will actively contribute to library outreach in a multicultural, multiethnic academic setting. the library. the library holds almost a million books and bound periodicals, plus extensive microforms and documents; subscribes to 4 ,0 0 0 periodicals and newspa­ pers; and is a selective depository for u.s. and california state publications. new acquisitions total approximately 18,000 volumes per year. qualifications. mls degree from an ala-accredited institution. additional quali­ fications required or desired for particular positions, including experience and spanish, asian or european language competency. rank and salary. appointment at senior assistant or associate librarian level (salary range: $36,468 $63,948); rank and salary dependent upon qualifications. application procedure. for flyers describing each position, the respective quali­ fications, and the application procedure, call 213-343-3950 or write to dr. joan kunselman, university librarian, california state university, los angeles, 5151 state university drive, los angeles, ca 90032-8534. deadline for application for all positions is october 15,1991. eo/aa/handicapped/title ix employer september 1991 / 557 sion, of which cataloging is a part, consists of two other departments: acquisitions and database management. qualification: masters degree from an ala-accredited library science program; minimum five years experience in cataloging with at least three years supervisory experience; experience with automated cataloging systems and bibliographic utilities; expert knowledge of marc formats, aacr2, lc classification and subject headings; reading knowledge of at least one foreign language. previous oclc, notis, and academic library experience preferred. salary/benefits: $30,000 minimum, commensurate with experience and qualifica­ tions; no state or local income tax, career advancement program; 23 vacation days; 10 sick days; tiaa-cref;health and life insurance; tuition waiver. applications received by october 1, 1991 will receive first consideration; position open until filled. to apply, send a letter, resume, and the names, titles, addresses, and telephone numbers of three reference to: feme hyman, assistant university librarian, fondren library, rice university, p.o. box 1892, houston, tx 77251 1892. rice university is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. public services librarian. nicholls state university has a position for an energetic librarian to provide reference services, online searching and biblio­ graphic instruction. responsibilities include reference services using print and automated sources, planning and coordinating bibliographic instruction program, both in the class room and for the public services staff, complete requested online bibliographic searching, evaluate and recommend materials for the collection particularly in assigned subject areas. required: ala-accredited mls, knowledge of online searching, excellent oral and written communication skills, and the ability to cooperate with academic faculty, as well as, other librarians in the system. desired qualifications: some classroom experience, familiarity with automated resources and systems. salary: $26,000 minimum. state of louisiana group benefits. position open until filled. send letter of application, resume with names and phone numbers of three references to: elizabeth m. doolittle, eilender memorial library, nicholls state university, thibodaux, la 70310. nicholls state university is an equal education institution, affirmative action employer. collection development manager. search reopened. nicholls state university has a challenging position encompassing all aspects of collection management. responsibilities: create and coordinate collection development program. evaluate and build collection in all formats to meet curricular and research needs. act as head of collection development and acquisitions; direct staff; develop and monitor acquisitions budget and collection development policies and procedures. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; three to five years progressively responsible collection development experience; budget and planning experience; and understanding of the scholarly use of resources. desired qualifica­ tions: subject masters; familiarity with automated acquisitions programs and online vendor services. salary: $26,000 minimum. state of louisiana group benefits. position open until filled. send letter of application, resume and names and phone numbers of three references to: peter kaatrude, eilender memorial library, nicholls state university, thibodaux, la 70310. nicholls state univer­ sity is an equal education institution, affirmative action employer. catlog librarian (music library›the olin library system of wash­ ington university in st. louis is seeking a talented and dynamic individual to serve as catalog librarian. the olin library system is engaged in a multi-year project of strengthening and expanding its collection and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. the olin library system consists of a large central library and eight satellite subject libraries. the catalog librarian performs original and adaptive cataloging according to aacr2, oclc, and lc standards; creates and maintains records in manual and online files, including authority control, notis requirements, and problem resolution; devel558 / c&r l news ops, recommends, and implements policies and procedures necessary for cataloging of music materials; monitors status of uncataloged materials and handles priority processing; assists with staff training; assists with public services and other functions of the music library. salary: competitive and commensurate with quali­ fications and experience. required qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school desirable qualifications: degree in music (master’s degree preferred). academic library cataloging experience of music materials with aacr2 and lc classification. knowledge of oclc and other automated systems. working knowl­ edge of at least one western foreign language, referable german. for full consider­ ation applicants should send a resume and three letters of reference to personnel office, box 1184, washington university, one brookings drive, st. louis, mo 63130-4899. position will remain open until filled; initial review of applicants will begin october 31,1991. position available january 1, 1992. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. automated systems librarian. the w.b. roberts library seeks a moti­ vated responsible professional to assume the position of automated systems librarian. responsibilities: the person is responsible for the continued planning and implementation of the clsi integrated online library system. the public catalog, circulation, and acquisitions have been operational for more than one year; and the serials control system will be implemented in march of 1992. the systems librarian supervises all aspects o f the daily operations of the system, promotes the system and trains the university community in system use, and performs other related duties as assigned. the systems librarian serves as the library liaison to the university data processing center which manages an ethernet local area network to which the clsi system is connected. this position is responsible for planning and maintaining all library computing facilities including cd-rom services. the clsi system is a stand-alone altos running the unix operating system. qualifications: an ala accredited mls is required; additionally an undergraduate or graduate degree in computer science is preferred. applicants must have significant experience with library automation systems (preferably the clsi libs 100 system); experience with ibm compatible pcs and applications; experience with the unix operating system; knowledge of and experience with automated library practices in circulation, acquisitions, serials, and cataloging; knowledge of written communication skills, and the ability to work well independently and flexibly are necessary. experience writing grant proposals is a plus. salary negotiable with experience or training. minimum salary: $21,000 for twelve (12) months. librarians have faculty rank and status as well as excellent benefits. send resume with three (3) references to: myra macon, director of w.b. roberts library, delta state university, cleveland, ms 38733 by september 30, 1991. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. automation/pubic services librarian. search reopened to fill a 12 month faculty position that will be open on january 1, 1992, with latest possible appointment in summer of 1992. responsibilities include continuing implementa­ tion, management and maintenance of keynotis (turnkey integrated library system), cd-roms and commercial online databases; reference service; biblio­ graphic instruction; academic department liaison; and oversight of circulation. requirements include ala-accredited mls, with an additional graduate degree preferred; minimum of 3 years of academic library experience; thorough knowledge of integrated library systems and expertise in online database searching using dialog or brs. salary range between $30,000 and $36,000, depending on experi­ ence and education. messiah college is a christian college committed to an evangelical perspective on the christian faith. send letter of inquiry with vita to jonathan lauer, director, murray learning resources center, messiah college, grantham, pa 17027. application due by october 15, 1991. aa/eoe september 1991 / 559 librarian. search reopened head of cataloging. responsible for the daily operation of the cataloging department, including examination and documentation of policies and procedures. sets priorities and establishes workflow. supervises copy cataloging, database maintenance, recon project and performs original cata­ loging. coordinates procedures relating to other departments. the department is responsible for cataloging monographs, serials, music, and selected government documents, the department head supervises three paraprofessionals and student workers; reports to the director of the library. qualifications: accredited mls, knowledge of and experience with aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, and oclc. three to four years progressively responsible supervisory and cataloging experi­ ence preferred. demonstrated communication and training skills. twelve-month, tenure-track position. rank and salary dependent on experience. send letter of application; resume; the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references. review will begin on september 20,1991. personnel office, westfield state college, westfield, ma 01086. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. assistant librarian cataloging. responsible for all cataloging pro­ cessing, card catalog maintenance and authority work. must be able to work independently with ocls, aacr2, and lc classification. must be conversant with the use of computers in the library and be able to help in the library automation which is now in planning stages. shares reference desk, book selection, evening and weekend duties. requires mls from an ala-accredited school and at least two years of post-mls professional experience. relevant experience in cataloging preferred. salary range: $23,400 $26,900. send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: mr. s. farid-ul haq, chairperson, library search committee, southworth library, suny college of technology, canton, ny 13617. review of applications will begin in late september but search will continue until a suitable candidate is found. aa/eeo. when it a n d w h e n it c o m e s to in d e x in g c o n ­ fe re n c e p ro c e e d in g s , n o o th e r s o u rc e s riv a l t h e c u r r e n t , m u l t i d i s c i p l i n a r y c o v e r a g e o ffe re d b y th e index to scien­ tific & technical proceedings® a n d th e index to s ocial sciences & humanities proceedings®. b e c a u s e th e y in d e x a t th e p a p e r level, th e s e re fe re n c e v o lu m e s te ll y o u w h a t re s e a rc h p a p e r s h a v e b e e n p r e s e n te d a t c o n f e r e n c e s a r o u n d t h e w o r ld — in h u n d re d s o f ke y d is c ip lin e s — lo n g b e fo re th e y a p p e a r in jo u rn a ls o r o th e r in d e xe s. m u c h o f it is b re a k th ro u g h w o rk. a n d all o f comes to it is r to o e im p s o rta e n t to a w a it r m o n c th s to kn o w a b o u t. h, conferenc s e o th e s nex t tim a e yo r u e critical. search th e literature, m ake su re you g e t th e com p le te picture. search the con feren ce proceedings, too. w ith / s 7 p ®and isshp®. t o s u b s c rib e — o r to re c e iv e a fre e s a m p le is s u e — call toll-free at 800-336-4474, operator r418, o r write the isi office nearest you. 1991 istp 12 issues plus annual cumulation ................... $1,225 1991 isshp 3 quarterly issues plus annual cumulation . . . $ 825 institute for scientific information® 3501 market street, philadelphia, pa 19104 ■ europe: 132 high street, uxbridge, middlesex, ub8 1 dp, u.k. © 1990 isi the isi indexes... gateway to the literature of research s-12-6433 “teamwork is a primary reason ebsco has successfully served the serials management needs of librarians for so many years. our concept of providing subscription service is based on teams of dedicated employees serving customers in specific regions. my staff and i serve libraries in the mountain/plains states while eight other u.s. teams handle the serials needs of customers from maine to alaska to the virgin islands. and there are 17 more ebsco offices located throughout the world, all fully staffed with a work force of serials professionals committed to working toward one goal. “maintaining a team effort is a lot of work. it requires constant com­ munication, cooperation and corrective action from everyone. we stress that every job and every detail, no matter how small, is important to the superior service our customers have come to expect. and we take nothing for granted.” juanita o ’neall vice president/g en era l manager denver, co regional office at ebsco, we think librarians deserve to be served by a service-oriented subscription agency. don’t you? international headquarters p.o. box 1943 birmingham, al 35201 (205) 991-6600 structure bookmarks 538 / c&rl news acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries december 199 0 / 1099 the classified a deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $6.00 per line for acrl members, $7.60 for others. late job notices are $14.50 per line for members, $17.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a written order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary figure. job announce­ ments will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. appli­ cants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for academic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. contact: classified advertising department, acrl, ameri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795; (312) 280-2513. ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications or placement services comply with ala anti-discrimination policies. policy 54.3 states that “ala is committed to equality of opportunity for all library employees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life-style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala services, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. wanted library wanted. college closing? entire library wanted to buy. specialties international business, foreign relations, tourism, hotel management. call florida campus, schiller international university at (813) 736-5082. positions open acquisitions librarian. responsible for planning, imple­ menting and evaluating the operational aspects of ordering mono­ graphs, serials, and media including searching, ordering, receiv­ ing, approval plan maintenance, and library materials fund ac­ ds counting and management reports. as a section manager, the librarian establishes priorities, participates in the development of departmental policies and procedures, trains and evaluates staff, and continues to implement the automated acquisitions system. the acquisitions librarian will have a key role in reorganizing technical services from a format-based to a function-based opera­ tion. the library currently uses the ls/2000 system, acq 350 for acquisitions and sc 350 for serials control. additional duties include participation in collection development through service as a liaison with selected university departments and occasional weekend reference duty. reports to the head of the technical services department and works closely with the assistant univer­ sity librarian for collection development. qualifications required: ala-accredited mls. experience and proven ability in academic library acquisitions including serials. demonstrated understanding of usmarc record formats. experience with fund accounting and automated acquisitions systems. successful experience in staff supervision. effective interpersonal, written and oral communica­ tion skills. experience in an automated library environment. pre­ ferred: additional advanced degree. this is a 12-month, tenure track position with appointment at the rank of assistant professor. the successful candidate will be expected to meet university reappointment, promotion and tenure requirements. minimum sal­ ary is $28,000. review of applications will begin on december 14, 1990 and will continue until the position is filled. please submit letter of application, resume (non-citizens must include current visa status) and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three current references to: ruth katz, university librarian, di­ mond library, university of new hampshire, durham, nh 03824. federal law required proper documentation of identity and employ­ ability at the time of employment. the university of new hampshire is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. assistant bibliographer for the social sciences. responsible for the collection development, including book selec­ tion, review and appraisal, and faculty liaison in all areas of the social sciences, including history. reports to the chief bibliogra­ pher. required: ala-accredited mls or equivalent, advanced degree in subject discipline, strong general social sciences back­ ground and language skills. preferred: phd in a social science discipline and collection development experience. minimum sal­ ary $25,050. liberal benefits package. consideration of applica­ tions will begin december 1 7 , 1990, and continue until position is filled. send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: kathleen sierke, howard-tilton memorial library, tulane university, new orleans, la 70118-5682. tulane univer­ sity is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. assistant director. purdy/kresge library at wayne state university is currently seeking an assistant director to: 1) assume responsibility for the management, supervision, and operations of all assigned service desk operations, 2) formulate decisions on academic and support staff, 3) plan and organize stack mainte­ nance, 4) provide training for supervisory and support staff, 5) develop material circulation and fee collection procedures for the entire library system, 6) create marketing strategy for library serv­ ices, and act as a liaison with university departments, faculty and students, 7) develop community-based services in support of businesses, industries and professions, 8) serve as acting director in director’s absence, 9) perform related duties as assigned. qualifications: high energy level. excellent analytical skills. mas­ ter’s degree from ala-accredited library school and a minimum of five years experience in academic libraries (supervisory experi­ ence preferred); second master’s degree or doctorate degree an asset. strong subject knowledge in either the humanities or social sciences and an interest in scholarly studies. excellent written and oral communication skills and ability to work with people. strong commitment to patron oriented library service in urban setting. other information: wayne state university is among the finest research institutions in the nation. the purdy/kresge library serves the information needs of the entire university community. p/ k’s outstanding collection, staff, and state of the art information retrieval technology make it one of the best research university libraries in the united states and canada. wayne state offers liberal fringe benefits, dental and health plan options, tiaa/cref, and tuition assistance for employees and family members. ap­ pointment range is $33,235-$39,882 (negotiable) based on expe­ rience and qualifications. forward the names and addresses of three references to: wayne state university, attention position #1383 100 antoinette, room 263, detroit, ml 48202. the position 1 100 / c& bl news is open immediately and will remain open until a suitable candidate is found. wayne state is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. assistant university librarian for research and instructional services. responsible for the following li­ brary functions and programs: reference, collection development, database searching, bibliographic instruction, government publi­ cations, microforms, special collections/archives, audio-visual services. the following administrative divisions/units report to this position: reference/collection developm ent (including brown library, the business information center, and the computer refer­ ence area), government publications and special resources (including center for scholarship and information and audio visual services), and the woodson research center. sets rele­ vant policies and procedures for all aspects of research and instructional services. monitors materials budget fund expendi­ tures ($2.7 million), recommending annual fund allocations. imple­ ments and administers a full range of collection management and development and reference programs. expected to take a leader­ ship role in the implementation of new technology within collec­ tions and reference programs and the implementation of new services to the university community. staff includes 13 librarians and 11 support staff. reports to university librarian and associate university librarian. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accred ited institution or another appropriate advanced degree and exten­ sive (at least 5 years) and successful professional and administra­ tive experience in academic libraries; successful management experience in academic libraries; demonstrated effectiveness in oral and written communications; demonstrated strength and ef­ fectiveness in at least one of the following areas: extensive knowl­ edge of trends, developments, and practices of the foreign and domestic book trade; extensive knowledge of trends, develop­ ments, and practices of academic library public services programs; and evidence of significant contributions to the profession. addi­ tional desired qualifications include an additional advanced de­ gree in a subject area and working knowledge of at least one foreign language. salary: $45,000 minimum; negotiable. competi­ tive benefits; no state income tax. applications received by janu­ ary 5,1991 will receive first consideration. to apply send letter of application, resume and names and telephone numbers of three professional references to: jennifer cargill, associate university librarian, fondren library, rice university, p.o. box 1892, hous­ ton, texas 772511892; 713/527-4022; fax 713/285-5258. aa, eeo employer. associate director. the denison library seeks a highly flexible individual to provide administrative support. we are look­ ing for adaptable candidates with excellent communication and human relations skills and who enjoy a wide diverse set of chal­ lenges. duties: working with affiliated institutions, coordinating library wide personnel management, implementing a staff develop­ ment program, assisting in facilities planning, assisting in iaims/ information technology efforts, coordination of marketing and pr activities. required: ala-accredited mls, 3 years professional library experience, including 1 year of supervision. experience in planning and im plem enting projects highly desirable. salary range: $37-47,000. submit application by january 15,1991; appli­ cations received after january 15,1991, will be considered at the discretion of the search committee. send letter of application, resume and contact information for three references to: debra miller, staff assistant, university of colorado health sciences center, denison memorial librarybox a 0 0 3 ,4200 e. ninth ave., denver, co 80262. the university of colorado health sciences center is committed to equal opportunity and affirmative action. automation and technical services librarian. pitts­ burgh theological seminary seeks a librarian to help to secure, implement, and monitor an integrated automated system. also some technical services and academic computing. requires expe­ rience with oclc, broad knowledge of library operations, and willingness to work toward an automated campus. competitive salary, min. $25,000. three year minimum. contact: dr. stephen crocco, 616 n. highland avenue, pittsburgh theological semi­ nary, pittsburgh, pa 15206. business librarian. position available immediately. respon­ sible for providing assistance at the tanner library reference desk, hiring and supervision of student reference employees, bibliographic instruction in the areas of management and commu­ nications, selection of appropriate reference tools for the tanner business library, building the collection in the subject area of communication. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accred­ ited library school with an additional masters degree in appropriate subject specialty or a doctoral degree in an appropriate subject field. must have demonstrated ability and experience in the super­ vision of employees. previous experience in the field of business and or a business library is also important. excellent interpersonal and communication skills. brigham young university was founded and is supported by the church of jesus christ of latter-day saints, and an applicant’s conduct and character must be consis­ tent with the standards of the church and the byu code of honor. (code of honor available upon request.) preference is given to lds applicants. salary and benefits: faculty status, generous insurance and retirement benefits. minimum salary $22,500, nego­ tiable depending on qualifications. this is a twelve-month appoint­ ment with twenty-two days annual leave and additional profes­ sional development time available. deadline for application desalary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for govern­ mental agencies that employ librarians. the recommenda­ tions are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recom­ mendations for minimum salaries. for information on librar­ ian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended minimums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey o f librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administra­ tive compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel resources. connecticut indiana iowa kansas louisiana maine massachusetts new hampshire new jersey new york north carolina ohio pennsylvania rhode island south carolina south dakota vermont w est virginia wisconsin $27,000 varies* $20,580 $17,500* $20,000 varies* $27,554* $17,500 $24,200 varies* $20,832 $20,024 $23,700* $23,750 varies* $20,000 $21,500 $20,000 $24,837 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a profes­ sional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. december 1990 /1101 head, off-campus library services central michigan university ocls is the largest comprehensive off-campus library support service for extended degree programs in the country, serving adult undergraduate and graduate students in over 50 centers in the united states and canada. responsibilities: directs and participates in a reference assistance and document delivery service for students and faculty in the off-campus curricu­ lum of the university. supervises a staff of 11.5 fte including six librarians (two in mt. pleasant, ml; two in fairfax, va; and two in troy, ml.) the minimum qualifications are an ala accredited mls degree and 4 years professional experience including reference service and expertise in areas such as bibliographic instruction, online and/or cd-rom database search­ ing, and supervision. excellent communication and interpersonal skills, willingness to travel by airplane and work a flexible schedule, potential for administrative success, and interest in promoting library services to ‚ and serving the academic needs of, adult learners are required. experience with micro computing and notis is desired. salary negotiable and commensurate with qualifications, minimum $37,500. position is a 12-month appointment based in mt. pleasant, ml. cmu is a state institution with an enrollment of 17,000 on-campus students and an off-campus constituency of over 10,000. cmu’s off-campus library services program, a recognized model for supporting distance learning, sponsors the off-campus library services conference to support librarians in this field. submit a letter of application, resume, and the names, titles, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: chairperson, selection committee 207 park library central michigan university mt, pleasant, ml 48859. position is available in early 1991. applications and nominations will be taken until the position is filled. cmu (aa/ eo institution) encourages diversity and resolves to provide equal opportunity regardless of race, sex, handicap, sexual orientation, or other irrelevant criteria. cember 20, 1990. to apply: send resume and names of three references to dr. larry j. ostler, assistant university librarian for personnel, 3080 hbll, brigham young university, provo, utah 83602. catalog librarian/area specialist, arizona state uni­ versity (salary and deadline revised). serves as cataloger/area specialist for japanese language materials: directs the cataloging and bibliographic maintenance program for these materials; does original cataloging of monographs and serials; performs all collec­ tion development responsibilities, faculty liaison and specialized public service for areas of specialization; supervises and trains a library assistant; participates in departmental governance and management; engages in professional development and service activities. required: ala-accredited mls degree; proficiency in both spoken and written japanese; ability to communicate effec­ tively in spoken and written english; knowledge of the japanese language book trade and bibliography; demonstrated interest in professional development/contributions and service, as required for promotion and continuing appointment. preferred: degree in japanese studies or japanese emphasis in subject degree; cata­ loging experience (aacr2, lcsh, lc classification system); successful supervisory and training experience; proficiency in the hepburn romanization scheme; ability to work with korean lan­ guage materials in cataloging and collection development. salary: $22,000 and up, dependent on qualifications and experience. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, ad­ dresses and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean for management services, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 852871006. phone (602) 965-3417. deadline: january 31, 1991, or the last day of each month thereafter until the position is filled. asu is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. cataloger. catalog department. university of cincinnati, uni­ versity libraries. this position catalogs classics and other library materials. the position has supervisory responsibility for one fte. the catalog department is composed of 21 employees and uses oclc as a cataloging utility. under a new organizational plan, the catalog department is organized into four units: monograph searching and online cataloging, serials cataloging, monograph offline cataloging and conversion, and original cataloging. report­ ing to the department head, the position is in the original catalog­ ing unit. university libraries include a general social science and humanities library and eleven specialized libraries, one of which is the classical library of 130,000 volumes. it has an online catalog and a collection of more than 1.6 million volumes. required qualifications: 1) mls from an ala-accredited program. 2) read­ ing knowledge of german and latin. 3) demonstrated knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, and marc tagging. 4) ability to communicate clearly, both orally and in writing. 5) demonstrated ability to work effectively with colleagues. preferred qualifications: 1) reading knowledge of italian or french. 2) degree in classical studies or related field. 3) minimum of one year experience in professional cataloging with oclc or another bibliographic utility. 4) experience with microcomputers and database management. faculty status. salary and rank dependent on qualifications. sal­ ary range: $24,000 to $28,000. tenure track. the university of cincinnati offers excellent fringe benefits. to apply for the position, send the following information: 1) a cover letter with a complete 1102 / c &rl news curator of special collections the university of chicago library the university of chicago library is seeking candidates for the position of curator of special collections. the department of special collections encompasses research documentation of broad diversity and chronological range in many languages and fields of knowledge. the collections include more than 250,000 volumes, including rare books, and 7 million documents, including manuscripts, graphic materials and university and other archives. the departm ent’s collections are an integral component of the university library’s collections of over 5 million volumes and 50,000 active serial titles. the curator is responsible for the quality and general support of the departm ent’s collections and services and for insuring that they play a productive and coordinated role within the university library and in the university. the curator manages the department’s staff of 16 fte, including two professionals, and its full range of activities, including rare books, archives, manuscripts, exhibits, conservation, and reader services. the curator also contributes to overall planning and manage­ ment in the university library by serving on its management council and on other library committees. responsibilities: assess, articulate and support the collection developm ent policies for special collections in coordination with the assistant director for collection development and within the context of university library collection development plans; oversee growth of the collection through purchases and donations; coordinate the developm ent of special collections with the university libraries general collections and collections of other universities. manage the department of special collections and its staff. coordinate the activities of the units of the department. propose, substantiate, and document budget requests. communicate with faculty, visiting scholars, col­ leges, and students to help them explore the collections and to insure that the collections are responsive to needs and changes in the disciplines and programs of the university. w ork with all levels of university library management on formulating plans, policies, and procedures relating to the department. oversee departmental applications of the libraries’ automated systems; in coordination with the assistant directors for technical services and for systems, apply modern technologies to bibliographic control and library options and services. direct the exhibit, publication, and preservation programs of special collections in coordination with library-wide programs. cooperate with library development in establishing relationships and cultivating the interest of donors and friends of the university. (continued on next page) statement of qualifications for the position, 2) a resume of educa­ tion and experience, and 3) the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references. send to: mark weber, assistant university librarian for personnel, 640 langsam library, univer­ sity of cincinnati, cincinnati, ohio 45221 -0003. letters of applica­ tion must be postmarked no later than january 21, 1991. the university of cincinnati is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. cataloger. immediate opening. one year grant-funded special project to catalog w orld’s largest collection of shakespeare first folios. will have access to part-time bibliographical consultant. experience with descriptive bibliography or with cataloging early printed books required. cataloging will involve physical descrip­ tions of the volumes by signatures and pagination along with determination of provenance when possible. will oversee input of cataloging work into rlin database. salary range, $23,200 $32,500 depending upon qualifications. excellent fringe benefits. send resume with three references to: personnel office, folger shakespeare library, 201 e. capitol street, s.e., washington, d.c. 20003. an equal opportunity employer. cataloging team manager. responsible for all aspects of serials cataloging including supervision of support staff & planning, directing & coordinating all cataloging activities of the library. participates in the development & review of cataloging policies and procedures, especially in serials. trains & evaluates serials staff. the cataloging team manager will have a key role in reorganizing technical service from a format-based to a function-based opera­ tion. the library currently uses the ls/2000 system, sc 350 for serials control & acq 350 for acquisitions. additional duties include participation in collection development through service as a liaison with selected university departments and occasional weekend reference duty. reports to the head of the technical services department and works closely with the catalog librari­ ans. qualifications required: ala-accredited mls. experience and proven ability in cataloging in an academic library, especially serials cataloging. successful experience in staff supervision. demonstrated knowledge of usmarc formats, lc classification, aacr2, lcsh, and online bibliographic utilities. effective interper­ sonal, written and oral communication skills. experience in an automated library environment. preferred: additional advanced degree. this is a 12-month tenure-track position with appointment at the rank of assistant professor. the successful candidate will be expected to meet university reappointment, promotion and tenure requirements. minimum salary is $28,000. review of applications will begin on december 14,1990 and will continue until the position is filled. please submit letter of application, resume (non-citizens must include current visa status) and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three current references to: dr. ruth katz, university librarian, dimond library, university of new hampdecember 1990 /1 1 0 3 (continued from previous page) qualifications: the curator will bring to this position an understanding of the importance of special collections to higher education and scholarship. this understanding will underpin an ongoing intellectual engagement with the programs of this university and their relationship to the department, and will guide the curator in facilitating and promoting the use of special collections. the curator will actively and aggressively collect appropriate materials, whether by purchase or by cultivation of potential donors. the curator will possess leadership qualities and administrative and interpersonal relations skills to manage effectively the resources available to the department. the curator’s experience and judgment will allow the university library to continue to build an excellent collection and to serve the scholars who use it. education: graduate library degree form an accredited library school or phd. in a relevant discipline is required. holders of a graduate library degree will preferably hold another degree in a relevant discipline a broad academic background is essential. experience: demonstrated involvement with scholarship and the needs of scholars. through knowl­ edge of bibliographic description and control as applied to rare books, manuscripts, archives, and other materials. a minimum of five years of progressively responsible professional experience in special collections or a related area is anticipated. ability to apply modern technologies to library operations and services. demonstration of increasing administrative and supervisory responsibilities. excellent written and oral communications skills. languages: reading knowledge of at least two of the following languages: french, german, italian, or latin. salary and benefits: appointment salary will be based on qualifications and experience. benefits include a contributory retirement plan, health and life insurance, 22 days vacation, 6 university holidays, 5 personal days, and sick leave. there is a tuition benefit plan for college-age and younger children. letters of application should include curriculum vitae and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references. applications received by january 31, 1991 will be assured consideration. preliminary interviews of individuals whose applications are received by december 31,1990, may be held at ala midwinter (january 12-17,1991). please submit applications to: william f. garrity search committee for curator of special collections university of chicago library 1100 east 57th street chicago, il 60637 the university of chicago is an equal opportunity employer. shire, durham, nh 03824. federal law requires proper documen­ tation of identity and employability at the time of employment. the university of new hampshire is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. dean of library services. winthrop college, rock hill, sc, a mediumsized, competitive admission, comprehensive, residential institution, invites applications and nominations for the position of dean of library services. chief academic and admin­ istrative officer for dacus library; reports to the vice president for academic affairs. staff of 32 includes 14 professional librarians; collection of approximately 328,890 volumes; state of the art online integrated library system. dean provides leadership in strategic planning and policies and fosters an effective internal management structure responsible for collection development and management, library services, personnel resources, automa­ tion, and cooperative programs. successful candidate must have and mls from ala-accredited institution; second master’s de­ gree in academic field or doctorate strongly desired. other quali­ fications include demonstrated leadership in the library profes­ sion; increasingly responsible management experience in mod­ ern academic library; demonstrated achievement in dealing with new technologies; record of professional activity and achieve­ ment; strong human relations and communication skills; commit­ ment to diversity; and imagination and resourcefulness in plan­ ning the utilization and development of resources. review of applications to begin december 1, 1990. applications should include a resume, the names, addresses and phone numbers of three persons who may be asked to provide a letter of reference, and a letter of interest including a statement of the candidates capacities and experiences. nominations must include a current mailing address for the nominee. applications and nominations may be sent to dr. albert m. lyles, chair, search committee for dean of library services, 115 tillman hall, winthrop college, rock hill, sc 29733. winthrop college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. director of media services. illinois wesleyan university seeks a media director to lead the administration of media services at a premier, private undergraduate university enrolling 1,700 students. responsibilities include supervising and coordinating use of media facilities, providing instructional design consultation, providing instruction in media methods and technology, coordinat­ ing bibliographic instruction, selecting and maintaining media collections, assisting with general reference. minimum qualifica­ tions for this 12 month appointment include a msls from an ala accredited program plus a second graduate degree in media/ educational technology. familiarity and experience with the edu­ cational applications of computers is essential. the candidate must have the ability to work as a team member serving various constituencies such as education, foreign language and nursing. salary starts at $30,000 and will be commensurate with experi1104 / c &rl news librarians (two positions) university of northern iowa the university of northern iowa, recently ranked as one of the top midwest regional universities, has two library faculty openings. uni is a comprehensive, rapidly growing university with a current enrollment of 12,600. it is located in a metropolitan area of 150,000 offering a high quality of life and a low cost of living. the donald 0. rod library has a collection of about 700,000 volumes and more than 3,000 periodical subscriptions. library faculty number 23. work year consists of academic year-including summer sessions plus two weeks (about 8 weeks off per year) .uni offers excellent fringe benefits, including a choice of state retirement or tiaa-cref. both positions require an alaaccredited mls or equivalent; strong interper­ sonal, written and oral communication skills; strong commitment to public service. second master's or equivalent required for tenure. a r t and music librarian. oversee current art & music section, providing reference services and developing collections in those subject areas. also work on general reference desk, participate in library’s active instruction program, other duties as assigned. additional requirements: degree or significant course work in music or art, preferably the former; two years professional experience including work in reference and collection development/management. salary and rank: commensurate with qualifications and experi­ ence; $28,500 minimum. reference librarian. new entry level position in department of 7.5 librarians. general reference position with collection management responsibilities in the biological, environmental and medical sciences. provide reference services; participate in library instruction program; perform computerized searches; other responsibilities as assigned. additional requirements: degree, or significant course work or experience in the natural sciences, preferably the life sciences. salary: $24,000. review of applications for both positions will begin upon receipt and continue until positions are filled; applications received prior to january 22,1991 will be given first consideration. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: gerald peterson, chair a&m search committee (for art and music position) or barbara weeg, chair reader service search committee (for reference position) donald 0. rod library university of northern iowa cedar falls, ia 50613-3675. an affirmative action/equal opportunity educator and employer. minority persons, women, vietnam era veterans, and disabled persons are encouraged to apply. uni employs persons who are legally authorized to work in the united states as established by the immigration reform and control act of 1986. ence. excellent fringe benefits. position available immediately. send resume and 3 letters of reference to: clayton highum, director of libraries, illinois wesleyan university, bloomington, il 61702. illinois wesleyan university is an equal opportunity employer and encourages applications from women and minori­ ties. diversity librarian. university of michigan library. duties: responsible for the development and coordination of an array of diversity initiatives for the university library. based in the gradu­ ate library, will be responsible for developing programs which support library and campus initiatives relating to multiculturalism and diversity, including support for minority/diversity research and assistance to minority graduate students and faculty in their areas of research, teaching, and service. responsible for developing and managing interdisciplinary collections in areas variously described as minority studies, sexual orientation studies, and multicultural studies with specific responsibility for non-mainstream publica­ tions and developing an ongoing referral relationship with subject selectors as appropriate. the position is defined in four relatively equal allocations of time and attention: coordination of public service initiatives; direct diversity reference and outreach services; minority studies/sexual orientation studies/ women’s studies, materials selection; and instructional support for research in or study of multiculturalism and diversity. minority candidates are specifically invited and encouraged to apply. qualifications: re­ quired: accredited mls. minimum of 4 years library experience, with direct experience providing service to research community. demonstrated effectiveness in providing reference, extended re­ search, and instructional services. demonstrated creativity in meeting information needs of a heterogeneous user community. demonstrated knowledge in one or more of the following subject december 1990 /1 1 0 5 librarians in public services, technical services, library systems, and administration miami university oxford, ohio we’re looking for a few outstanding professionals! are you an experienced librarian tired of the same old routine?— a new librarian with little or no experience but willing to make a committment to excellence? would you like to work with a service-oriented staff in an exciting and challenging environment? do you have special skills that aren’t being fully utilized in your present position? is there a job you’ve always wanted to do, but have never seen it advertised by any library? if you find yourself responding affirmatively to any (or all) of these questions, you may be just the kind of creative library professional for which we are looking! the miami university libraries, which serve the information needs of miami university, a selective institution located in oxford, ohio, 30 miles northwest of cincinnati, is seeking outstanding people to work in public services, technical services, library systems and administration. we want to hear your ideas. write and tell us about yourself and the unique skills you have to offer. send your letter as soon as possible to: judith a. sessions dean and university librarian king library, miami university oxford, oh 45056 beginning salaries range from $23,000 to $30,000. miami university is an equal opportunity employer actively seeking minority candidates. areas: black studies, latino studies, hispanic studies, sexual orientation, women’s studies, or other multicultural research areas. demonstrated oral and written communication skills. minimum of three years collection development and management experience. knowledge of book trade and national collecting patterns for specialized minority publications, and an understanding of collec­ tion assessment techniques. experience with program develop­ ment and management, and with library outreach programs. ability to work in a heterogeneous and multi-unit environment. desired: experience in information management, database management, and quantitative collection assessment methodologies. graduate degree or course work in a relevant field. experience in grant project design, writing and implementation. rank, salary and leave: rank of sr. associate librarian. minimum salary of $32,000; 24 working days of vacation a year with provision of extended benefits. apply to: lucy r. cohen; manager, library personnel office; 404 hatcher graduate library; university of michigan; ann arbor, michigan 48109-1205.application deadline: applica­ tions re ce iv e d by j a n u a ry 7, 1991 w ill be g ive n firs t consideration. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. government documents reference librarian. uni­ versity of georgia libraries. salary minimum: $22,000. duties and responsibilities: librarians in the government documents depart­ ment provide extensive reference assistance with u.s. govern­ ment documents; united nations documents; georgia documents; british, canadian, french and german official documents; and other selected foreign government publications. to complement such service, reference librarians in the department prepare bibli­ ographies and guides; conduct computerized database searches; and provide instruction through specialized tours, lectures and individual conferences. in addition, each government documents reference librarian contributes to the development and mainte­ nance of the government documents collection, assumes respon­ sibility for processing documents, and assists in fulfilling the responsibilities of a u.s. regional depository library. in all its activities, the department seeks to serve effectively the informa­ tional needs of the university community and the general public. the government documents department is composed of 5 librari­ ans, 5 support staff, student assistants, and data services, a separately staffed unit which maintains a collection of machine readable data files obtained through participation in the georgia state data center (u.s. census) and the inter-university consor­ tium for political and social research (icpsr). government docu­ ments reference librarians report to the head of the department. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; reference course work in government documents, or relevant experience; knowl­ edge of general reference sources; effective oral and written communication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships; interest in user education. desired: experi­ ence with microcomputer applications useful in an office depart­ mental setting; experience with online searching; working knowl­ edge of at least one modern european language; strong interest in academic librarianship. application procedures: send letter of application addressing all qualifications with a resume and the names of three references by january 23, 1991 to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, georgia 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. the university of georgia is an equal oppor tunity/affirmative action institution. head acquisitions department. duties: under the general direction of the director of library technical services, responsible for planning, directing and evaluating the monographic acquisi­ tions department which includes: preorder bibliographic searching and verification on oclc, rlin, and in manual sources; vendor selection; monitoring expenditures; order, claim and receipt of firm orders, approvals, monographic standing orders and gifts; and mail services. has responsibility for supervising eight full-time staff plus student assistants. works closely with the coordinator of collec­ tion development. coordinates notis acquisitions module. main1106 / c &r l news head, department of library public services western kentucky university serving over 15,000 students on main and extended campuses, university libraries house a collection of oversoo‚ooo volumes, subscribe to 4,500 serial titles, and participate in notis; all library operations are fully automated. responsibilities: organization and administration of department including recruitment, employment, training, and evaluation of personnel; administration and coordi­ nation of extended campus library services, reference and circulation services, collection develop­ ment, library instruction, copy services, interlibrary loan, collection management, and online biblio­ graphic search service; participation in general library administration; participation in scheduled patron assistance at the circulation and reference information desks. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; experience in professional librarianship including supervision and administration in public services; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; a history of innovation and professional in­ volvement. minimum salary of $36,000. faculty rank. open until filled. position available january 1 ‚ 1991. send letter of application, vita, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: office of academic affairs department head of library public services search western kentucky university tains current awareness of publishing and pricing trends. commu­ nicates effectively with publishers and vendors. this position is governed by the university’s policies for research or creative achievement and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; four years technical services experience in an academic library or equivalent related experience (book trade, special library); two years acquisitions experience; two or more years supervisory responsibility; two or more years professional experience; familiarity with domestic and foreign book trades; evidence of scholarly publication. desirable: familiarity with biblio­ graphic utilities; automated acquisitions experience, preferably notis; reading knowledge of one or more modern european languages; demonstrated leadership ability; strong interpersonal and communication skills; second master’s degree and/or addi­ tional post graduate work. screening date: january 15, 1991. search will remain open until filled. salary: $30,000 (minimum). benefits: tiaa/cref; state retirement system; comprehensive medical protection; 21 days vacation; university holidays; gener­ ous sick leave. university libraries: a member of the research libraries group, amigos, and arl, the university libraries con­ sists of a main library and six branches. the collection contains more than 2.2 million volumes, 16,000 periodical subscriptions, and three outstanding special collections in history of science, western history, and business history, the library has imple­ mented the public access catalog, cataloging, authority control, acquisitions, and circulation functions of the notis system. employment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsi­ bilities, rank of assistant professor or above, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume, a list of publications and the names of three references to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. 1-405-325-2611. the university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. we encourage minority and women applicants and we are responsive to the needs of dual career couples. head of cataloging. the library of the centre canadien d’architecture/canadian centre for architecture requires a head of cataloging. the library’s collection of 135,000 volumes devoted to the history of architecture and the built environment is represented in the research libraries information network by acquisitions level records; a full cataloging program is now required. the head of cataloging will be responsible for the development and the administration of this program, with specific emphasis on policy which ensures intellectual access to the library collections, policy in the areas of subject analysis, indexing rules, vocabulary and authority control, and classification. the head of cataloging will collaborate in the development of integrated local systems and uniform cataloging standards designed to promote complementary access to the holdings of the library and the cca’s departmental collections of prints and drawings, archives, and photographs. qualifications: mls; degree in architectural or art history or sound experience with the cataloging of the literature of these disciplines in an academic or special library environment; experience with the use of a bibliographic utility and local systems development; ability to work in english and french, with a reading knowledge of other modern european languages; five or more years of professional cataloging experience, with proven management skills. the salary level is $38,000; the cca offers excellent personal benefits. letters of application should be sent to: manager of human resources, centre canadien d’architecture/canadian centre for architecture, 1920 baile street, montreal, quebec, h3h 2s6. the cca is an equal opportunity employer. head of circulation department. the university of ak­ ron is the third largest state-assisted university in ohio. it offers its 29,000 day and evening students more than 230 associate’s, bachelor’s and master’s degree programs, and 14 doctoral degree programs. the university library and learning resources is seek­ ing a flexible, experienced manager to direct the work flow of its circulation department. reporting directly to the director of uni­ versity library and learning resources, the head of the circula­ tion department supervises 7.0 fte staff and 50 student assis­ tants. this working manager is responsible for coordinating all circulation functions including: reserves, stack maintenance, physical processing, binding and interlibrary loans; for participat­ ing in the department head’s advisory group and serving on other standing and ad hoc committees; for planning and implementing the department’s goals and budget. required: mls from an ala accredited institution; ability to supervise and interact with diverse groups of people; expertise with an integrated online circulation december 1990 /1 1 0 7 library director (search reopened) the university of michigan-flint the university of michigan-flint invites applications from highly qualified candidates for the position of director of the library. the director reports to the provost and vice-chancellor for academic affairs. the university of michigan-flint, one of three campuses of the university of michigan, has been the fastest-growing public institution for higher education in michigan during the past ten years. it has a faculty of 270 and serves 6500 undergraduate and graduate students with colleges of liberal arts and sciences, management, and health professions and studies. the university of michigan-flint, located on a new riverfront campus in a diverse urban community, anticipates breaking ground next year for a new library building. the library is an associate member of the research libraries group, has a collection of over 150,000 volumes, enjoys a growing acquisi­ tions budget (currently over $400,000) ‚ and has the commitment of the chancellor and the provost to increase it significantly over the next two years. the new director will lead the library to an integrated on line library system. responsibilities: the director will maintain a collegial relationship with the university commu­ nity and will handle diverse administrative responsibilities, including collection development, in­ formation access, automation planning and execution, budget, long-range planning, library physical facilities planning, and public and technical services. the director must have a strong service orientation, the capability to stimulate and develop professional and support staff, and the ability to address the special library needs of a comprehensive commuter university community. qualifications: an mls is required; a second master’s or a doctorate is desired. candidates are required to have administrative leadership experience, preferably in a four-year university library or four-year college library, demonstrated budget management skills, superior interpersonal skills, demonstrated oral and written abilities, a record of professional activities, broad experience with current information technologies, and a commitment to affirmative action and diversity. physical facilities planning experience is desired. position to be filled: on or after july 1 ‚ 1991. salary: salary commensurate with education and experience, mid $40s; full university of michigan staff benefits including tiaa and cref. application: send letter of application, current resume, and names and phone numbers of three references to: library director search committee chair office of the provost the university of michigan-flint system; demonstrable successful management of a large and complex circulation department; 3-5 years library experience; superior oral, written and interpersonal communication skills. pre­ ferred: academic library experience; budgeting and planning ex­ perience; a strong commitment to public service; an understand­ ing of the dynamics of large organizations and ability to work effectively in a changing environment. this is a non-tenure-track professional staff position. it includes 22 days vacation, standard benefits package, and a starting salary between $25,000 $28,000, based on qualifications. application deadline is january 31 ‚ 1991. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: phyllis o’connor, chairperson search committee for head of circulation, university of akron, university library and learning resources, akron, ohio 44325-1701. the univer­ sity of akron is an equal education and employment institution. head special projects team. university of minnesota libraries is seeking a highly qualified librarian to provide leader­ ship for a special projects cataloging team. this is one of 8 professional positions in the division. responsibilities: manage­ ment of a team, consisting of the head and three paraprofesion als, which will respond to unique cataloging needs across the system including special collections and archive units. catalog­ ing will be both original and copy cataloging in a variety of languages, subjects, and marc formats. specific responsibili­ ties of the project head include the following: define project goals in conjunction with the division head, develop, direct and docu­ ment procedures; perform original cataloging; supervise, train and evaluate staff; serve as liaison with other units in technical services and public services that are affected by the work of the team. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or its foreign equiva­ lent; two years of cataloging experience, which includes a sub­ stantial portion of original cataloging, in an academic or research institution; strong supervisory or team-building skills as demon­ strated by experience or training; competence in the assignment of lc classification and subject headings; competence with the 1 108/ c &rl news special collections positions initiative announced the philadelphia area consortium of special collections libraries (pacscl) the philadelphia area consortium of special collections libraries (pacscl) announces the creation of eighteen full-time professional positions as part of its “initiative for the 1990’s.” qualified applicants are being sought for positions as: project coordinator naco coordinator special collections cataloger rare book catalogers archivists manuscript catalogers a-v catalogers architectural drawing cataloger. the “initiative for the 1990’s” is a landmark collaborative venture to catalog significant research holdings from sixteen of philadelphia’s major special collections libraries. records will be added to both rlin and oclc. pending final approval of grant funding, positions will begin asearly as january 1 ‚ 1991; most will continue for 36 months. copies of job descriptions for all positions may be requested from: roger w. moss executive director the athenaeum of philadelphia east washington square philadelphia, pa 19106-3794. marc format; thorough knowledge of aacr2; ability to catalog non-english materials; experience with automated library sys­ tems. desire experience with nonbook formats, including amc, and with rlin, oclc, or notis. appointment: this is a twelve month academic/professional position with probationary appoint­ ment at the assistant librarian rank. to gain continuous appoint­ ment, successful performance of job responsibilities and a record of professional contributions is required. minimum salary is $28,000. position available september 3,19 9 0. application must be postmarked by march 15, 1991. please identify application with ul 203. applicant should send a letter of application with detailed resume and the names and addresses of three refer­ ences to: barbara doyle, personnel and staff development offi­ cer, university libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 19th ave south, university of minnesota, minneapolis, mn 55455. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. head of technical services/systems librarian, weter memorial library, seattle pacific university. responsibili­ ties include: managing/directing technical services and coordinat­ ing an online integrated system, including the supervision of a retrospective conversion project. candidates must have: ala accredited mls; administrative experience in technical services; familiarity with a major bibliographic utility, library automation applications, retrospective conversions, and bibliographic data­ base management; and effective interpersonal and communica­ tion skills. professional position, salary ($30,000 $33,500) de­ pends upon experience and qualifications. seattle pacific is an evangelical christian university in the wesleyan tradition, serving more than 3,400 undergraduate and graduate students in the liberal arts and professional studies. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. send resume and letter listing three or more references to: gary r. fick, university librarian, weter memorial library, seattle pacific university, seattle, wa 98119. phone (206) 281-2228. closing date: january 2,19 9 1. information management education services co­ ordinator. taubman medical library, university of michigan. duties: plans, implements and evaluates the information manage­ ment education (ime) program for the health sciences cluster (dentistry, public health, and taubman medical libraries). man­ ages and evaluates the instructional activities of information serv­ ices staff. performs online searches in a variety of databases. selects materials for the collection in several major subject areas. assists and instructs users at the reference/information desk. represents the health sciences libraries on appropriate university library committees. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls. demonstrated oral and written communication skills. minimum 1 year experience supervising instructional activities of librarians. minimum 3 years experience as librarian instructor, searching medline in brs and nlm, and in public services position in an academic health sciences library. ability to use both macintosh and ibm microcomputer. desired: bachelor’s degree in biological/ health sciences. rank, salary and leave: rank of associate librarian. minimum salary of $29,000. apply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library personnel office, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, michigan 48109-1205. appli­ cation deadline: applications received by 12/21/90 will be given first consideration. the university of michigan is a non-discrimina tory, affirmative action employer. library automation systems analyst. full-time. the library of the fermi national accelerator laboratory (fermilab) is december 1990 /1 1 0 9 library director trinity university trinity university, san antonio, texas, invites nominations and applications for the position of library director which will become available june 1, 1991. trinity university is a selective, independent, coeducational, primarily residential and undergraduate institution committed to excellence in the liberal arts and sciences. along with traditional areas of study, trinity also offers a few selected professional and pre-professional programs, as well as three graduate programs. undergraduate enrollment is ap­ proximately 2,400, including students from all areas of the united states and many foreign countries. a modern and attractive campus overlooks downtown san antonio, a city rich in heritage and ethnic and cultural diversity with a population of about one million. the maddux library has a collection of more than 680,000 volumes of books and bound periodicals, plus sizable holdings of government documents, microforms, and nonprint items, and includes an audiovisual department. the library director reports directly to the vice president for academic affairs and serves on the deans’ council. s/he supervises a staff of more than sixty, fourteen of whom hold faculty rank, and administers a total budget of over three million dollars. candidates for the position must have an ala-accredited mls degree and an additional advanced subject degree, preferably the doctorate. they must be eligible for faculty rank with tenure at the rank of associate professor or professor. candidates should offer experience and leadership in the following: collection development, public services, technical services, library media services, personnel management, budget planning, automated systems, and library space planning and use. candidates are expected to have a knowledge of information technologies and a commitment to enhancing library use by students and faculty. the salary will be commensurate with qualifications and experience, with a $55,000 minimum. the position carries a twelve-month contract, tiaa/cref and otherfringe benefits. the deadline for the receipt of applications and nominations is january 1 7 ,1 9 9 1 . send letter of nomination or letter of application accompanied by detailed resume, and names and telephone numbers of at least three references to: professor nina ekstein, chair library director search office of academic affairs trinity university 715 stadium drive san antonio, tx 78212. trinity university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer; we especially encourage application from minorities and women. seeking an experienced analyst to support its recently installed data research associate automation system and other related efforts. responsibilities will include maintaining and upgrading the system; developing additional automated services (i.e. full text on­ line); training library staff; and designing user training programs. requirements include 2 years experience with data research associates library automation software (or similar system) and management of a vms operating system. (alternative relevant experience, will be considered.) a bachelor’s degree in a technical field and significant library experience or and mls degree (or equivalent) and significant computer experience are also neces­ sary. familiarity with decnet, tcp/ip and/or unix is a plus. located 40 miles west of chicago, fermilab is operated by the universities research association, inc. for the u.s. department of energy. the laboratory serves researchers from around the globe with and environment in which to study high energy physics. an attractive salary ($28,000-$46,000), excellent benefits and non­ smoking work setting offered. for consideration, please forward resume and salary requirement to: james lasenby, fermi na­ tional accelerator laboratory, p.o. box 500, batavia, il 60510. an equal opportunity employer m/f. library graduate assistants for 1991 academic year. mankato state university library is seeking individuals who possess either an mls or ma in library science and who wish to work on a subject master degree while gaining valuable profes­ sional experience in an academic library. msu offers master degrees in over 60 academic disciplines. graduate assistantships are internships in the discipline -in this casetwo disciplines library science and the subject discipline of your choice. graduate assis­ tants supervise student workers and perform other professional services in the public and technical services of the library. public service positions include reference, government publications, on­ line database searching, interlibrary loan, educational resource center, media production, circulation, maps, periodicals, and biblio­ graphic instruction. positions in the technical services include acquisitions, cataloging, and library research. successful candi­ dates must show evidence of demonstrable working experience in one of the areas listed. a full assistantship averages 20 hours of work and pays at least $163 per week for 34 weeks of the academic year. eleven-month assistantships are also available with addi­ tional compensation. additionally, graduate assistants qualify for in-state tuition and for at least one-half tuition remission of 6 to 12 graduate credits per quarter during the academic year. mankato state university library, a dynamic information center for 16,000 students and area users, has a staff of 25 librarians, 24 classified staff, 20 graduate assistants, and over 150 student workers. memorial library is home of the pals total library system, a 1 1101 c &rl news six positions the university of south florida tampa campus library the university. usf is the second largest of nine universities in the state university system of florida (sus). the central tampa campus, and regional campuses at st. petersburg, sarasota, ft. myers, and lakeland have a combined enrollment of over 32,000 students. the centralized tampa campus library has 42 librarians and 75 support personnel, library holdings of over 800,000 volumes, 4,000 periodical titles, federal and state documents depository, special collections and archives. the library participates in an sus-wide online catalog using notis software. applications are invited for the following positions: business reference librarian. rank: assistant librarian to university librarian. responsible for supporting research and instructional needs of faculty and students in the college of business. includes reference service, collection development, bibliographic instruction, and online searching. qualifications required: professional experience with business reference materials, collection development and business government publication in academic or large public library. preferred: a business degree. minimum salary by rank: assistant librarian— $22,000; associate librarian— $24,000; university librarian— $28,000. reference librarian. rank: instructor librarian. responsible for basic reference services, includ­ ing reference desk, bibliographic instruction, interlibrary loan, and automated reference services with oclc, rlin, dialog, and others. qualifications preferred: previous experience in reference services listed above. minimum salary: $20,000. head o f reference department. rank: university librarian. responsible for planning, organ­ izing, supervising and participating in departmental activities that include reference desk, bibliographic instruction, ill, and automated services; allocating resources, assigning work schedules, and evaluating employees. qualifications preferred: significant experience in large, academic/research reference envi­ ronment; ability to provide team leadership in adynamic, changing environment. minimum salary: $34,000. head o f special collections department. rank: associate librarian to university librarian. responsible for operation of department with rare books, florida history, 19th century american literature, juvenile literature, and archival collections. qualifications preferred: experience in special collections in academic or large public library. experience/training in archives, book/manuscript conservation or photo ar­ chives, development/fund raising experience in library or academic setting. second masters or doctoral degree in american studies, u.s. history, or english; reading knowledge of the spanish language, back­ ground in florida history, 19th century american literature, american studies or popular culture. minimum salary: $34,000. (continued on next page) nationally known integrated library system featuring an online catalog, a circulation system, an interlibrary loan module, a serials control system, an acquisition system, and external files such as eric. authority control and inventory control are under development. a letter of application outlining your experiences in an academic library, your resume, and the names and tele­ phone numbers of three current references should be sent to dr. thomas m. peischl, dean of the library, mankato state univer­ sity, msu box 19 p.0. box 8400, mankato, mn 56002-8400; telephone (507)389-5953. applications from minorities are en­ couraged; mankato state university is an equal opportunity university and employer. middle east catalog librarian. responsibilities in­ clude a full range of original cataloging functions, including clas­ sification, descriptive and subject cataloging of library materials in arabic, persian and turkish, contributing original cataloging records to oclc, and training a script language typist. mls from an ala-accredited library school is required as is fluency in arabic and a knowledge of persian and turkish languages. experience with aacr2, lc classification and marc formats are also neces­ sary. preferred qualifications include a knowledge hebrew, otto­ man turkish and french languages; degree in middle east stud­ ies; experience with oclc or other online database; demon­ strated interpersonal relations and communications skills. mini­ mum salary will be $20,000 plus, commensurate with experience. benefits include partially paid health and dental insurance and paid tiaa-creff, reduced tuition, 25 days vacation and gener­ ous professional development time, sick and holiday leave, aca­ demic leave possible after three years employment. librarians have academic status at the university. applications received by january 31, 1991 will be given first priority; applications will be accepted until position is filled. send letter of application, resume and names of three references and/or placement bureau’s ad­ dress and salary requirements to: kathy macdougall, 328 marriott library, university of utah, salt lake city, utah 84112. the december 1990 /1111 head o f cataloging department. rank: university librarian. responsible for managing, planning, supervising, and evaluating original and copy cataloging units using oclc and notis, and the unit responsible for physical processing. qualifications required: cataloging experience in academic or large public library. preferred: administrative experience in a cataloging department in academic or large public library. experience with oclc, notis or other automated library system; working knowledge of a foreign language, i.e. modern european or russian. familiarity with preservation techniques, and with book and non-book cataloging; ability to work effectively in a changing environment. minimum salary: $34,000. cataloging librarian (.50 fte) rank: assistant librarian to associate librarian. responsible for original and complex copy cataloging in a variety of formats and languages. qualifications preferred: working knowledge of aacr2, rev., and earlier rules, lc classification, lcsh, and oclc/marc tagging; experience with oclc, notis or other automated library system ; and functionality in a foreign language, e.g. modern european or russian. minimum salary: $12,500. requirements. all positions require an ala-accredited master’s degree, demonstrated effective or­ ganizational, interpersonal, and verbal communication skills, and an indication of activity in professional associations and/or scholarly or creative activity. salary for each rank is dependent upon qualification and experience. required qualifications for each rank are: instructor librarian: entry level position with no previous experience required, but candidates shall have an academic record and recommendations that indicate a potential for successful performance as an academic librarian. assistant university librarian: minimum of two years professional experience after graduation. associate university librarian: minimum of five years professional experience after graduation. addi­ tional academic course work and/or participation in institutes, workshops, or conferences. university librarian: minimum of nine years professional experience after graduation. additional aca­ demic course work and/or participation in institutes, workshops, or conferences. benefits. librarians are non-tenure earning faculty, and are represented by the faculty collective bargaining unit. twenty-two days vacation, and thirteen days sick leave accrue annually. tiaa/cref or other retirement options, usual insurance benefits, no state or local income tax. to apply: send letter of application or nomination, recent resume and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three professional references by january 15,1991 ‚ to: leslie higdon secretary to the search committees university of south florida tampa campus library-lib 122 4202 fowler avenue tampa, fl 33620-5400 by florida sunshine law, applications and meetings regarding the search are open to the public. the usf tampa campus library is committed to the concept of cultural diversity. usf is an aa/eeo institution. women and minority candidates are encouraged to apply. university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and encourages nominations and applications from women and minorities. non-print catalog librarian. central missouri state uni­ versity is seeking a non-print catalog librarian. responsibilities: cataloging of all non-print materials, planning procedures, local documentation, training and supervision of support staff, coordi­ nate work with other library units, reference nights and weekends. required: mls; relevant library experience; knowledge of lc classification, marc and aacr2; familiarity with automated sys­ tems and oclc; strong communication and interpersonal skills; demonstrated commitment to client-centered services. desired: experience in a notis environment with microcomputers. this is a 12-month, faculty tenure-track position with benefits. salary is $27,856 with rank of instructor. the university expects research and creative activities as well as public service activities for promotion and tenure. a second master’s degree is required for tenure. to apply send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses and phone numbers of three references to: pal v. rao., dean of library services, central missouri state uni­ versity, warrensburg, mo 64093. screening will begin on janu­ ary 15,1991 and continue until the position is filled. cmsu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and mi­ norities are encouraged to apply. preservation project librarian and research as­ sociate. reporting to the director of the neh funded preserva­ tion microfilming project, responsibilities include daily manage­ ment of the project; training and supervision of project assistant librarian, graduate assistants and hourly staff; planning and evaluating progress toward project goals in consultation with project director; drafting and revising project policy and proce­ dures; developing workforms and selecting software needed to monitor w orkflow and meet project deadlines; maintaining regular contacts with microfilm vendor and library staff; monitoring micro1 1 1 2 / c&rl news film vendor’s compliance with national technical standards; re­ solving complex cataloging decisions; establishing guidelines for cataloging work flow; cataloging of complex titles; deciding on dis­ position of original volumes after filming has been completed; and solving additional management problems that develop within the project. qualifications: required— mls from an ala-accredited library school or its equivalent. experience in modern cataloging practices, including knowledge of aacr2, marc tagging, and oclc searching. knowledge of either german, portuguese, or spanish. prefered— at least three years of academic library experience; supervisory experience; knowledge of, and experi­ ence in, library preservation techniques, especially preservation microfilming. salary/appointment: a temporary twelve month, full time appointment as preservation project librarian and research associate renewable on an annual basis for up to three years. salary $23,000 upward, depending on qualifications. application: send letter of application and complete resume with the names and addresses of five references by january 1 ‚ 1991 ‚ to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, university of illinois library (u-c), 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il, 61801. the univer­ sity of illinois is an affirmative action/ equal opportunity employer. principal cataloger. new position begins january 1 ‚ 1991. franklin furnace archive seeks highly motivated, experienced cataloger for its collection of artists’ books, the country’s largest collection of avant-garde material published internationally after 1960. duties: responsible for original and copy cataloging of artists’ books and related graphic arts materials in various formats. prepare full descriptive cataloging records according to national standards. supplies form/genre headings according to national (aat) and local thesauri. establish and revise name and form/ genre headings according to accepted practice. keep abreast of new trends/genres of artists’ books. aid in formulation and execu­ tion of library cataloging policy and procedures; contribute to establishment of collection development policies. train archive library employees and volunteers. may participate in special proj­ ects. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. knowledge of art with special emphasis on modern art, graphic processes and artists’ books. experience with cataloging rare books, manuscripts of special collections using aacr2, and us marc formats. desirable qualifications include awareness of contemporary art; supervisory experience; demonstrated ability to work effectively with researchers and artists. effective oral/written communication skills. salary: $28,500 plus benefits. send resume to: franklin furnace archive inc., 112 franklin street, new york, ny 10013. private library. private foundation based in new york city seeks curator-registrar for library of several thousand predomi­ nantly illustrated 19th and 20th century rare books. responsibili­ ties include cataloging and maintenance of up-to-date computer records, database searches, reports of holdings, advice on collec­ tion development, inventory control, conservation, research, and occasional consultation with scholars. requirements: minimum of two years experience cataloging rare books, preferably in a library environment (mls a plus), though candidates with book trade experience will be considered; good knowledge of french, good computer skills, and proven ability to work independently. subject background in literature or fine arts desirable, as is a knowledge of the book arts of the last two centuries. position available january 1990. salary range: $28,000+ depending on qualifications. please submit a letter, resume, and names and addresses of three refer­ ences to: nina musinsky, sutton place foundation, 305 east 61st street, new york, new york 10021; 1-212-935-7545; fax: 212-754-6879. reference librarian. immediate vacancy to assist readers in service-oriented reference department of a 440,000 volume liberal arts college library. will also perform online database searching, administer connecticut and un document collections, participate in evening and weekend reference service and library instruction program. connecticut college uses the notis system connecting trinity college and wesleyan university in a union catalog of over 2 million volumes. reports to head reference librarian. ala-accredited master’s, reading knowledge of at least one foreign language and two years of academic library experi­ ence required. science background highly desirable. min. salary $23,000. review of resumes will begin upon receipt. send resume and names of four references to: search committee, reference li­ brarian, room lll-cr, connecticut college, 270 mohegan ave­ nue, new london, ct 06320. reference librarian. a new faculty position, entry-level, university of san diego. reference librarian will provide general academic reference service including some evenings and week­ end days. under the direction of the head of reference will acquire and organize federal and state documents. other duties will in­ clude online searching and bibliographic instruction. position is tenure-track with faculty rank/status. successful applicants must complete second master’s within six years for tenure. required: mls from ala-accredited school, strong interpersonal skills. applications encouraged from minorities and from students who will complete mls fall 1990. probable start date: march 1st. salary: $27,000/year. benefits include: tiaa-cref retirement; medical, dental plans; full tuition remission, including graduate school. a university in the catholic tradition, usd has 6,000 students and is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. copley library is currently implementing an integrated online automation system. applications must be received by january 1, 1991, to be consid­ ered. submit letter of application and resume with names, ad­ dresses and telephone numbers of three professional references december 1990 /1 1 1 3 group leader los alamos national laboratory is seeking an experienced individual for a leadership position within the library services group. responsibilities: provide leadership, management and direction for library services group responsible for providing skills, knowledge and information to enhance the laboratory’s ability to fulfill its mission. will be responsible for establishing and maintaining service-oriented attitude and for ensuring good communications and interactions between staff and clients. responsibilities wi also include developing and maintaining consistent policies that ensure development of a quality library collection of materials and timely and cost effective access to all required materials and information. must be able to effectively and efficiently operate group in support of laboratory requirements, including planning, organizing, financial control and reporting of group activities and initiatives. will be responsible for effective communication with all levels ol laboratory staff and external sources and for active participation in division planning activities/projects. requirements: must have experience managing an academic or large scientific/technical library or demonstrated exceptional level of ability in developing high-quality r&d information systems and in managing their implementation in a library or similar application. demonstrated leadership and personnel management experience, including ability to lead team in conceptualization and implementation of new initiatives are required as is demonstrated ability in developing and implementing organizational policies that result in customer satisfaction and institutional goals. experience with automated library/information retrieval systems and an understanding of curren and future developments in automated library systems highly desirable. demonstrated effective oral/written and interpersonal communication and collaboration skills are necessary as is experience working with all levels of management and technical staff. knowledge of los alamos and doe library policies desirable. position requires mls or advanced science degree or equivalent combination of education and experience. formal management training highly desirable. salary range for qualified candidates is $42,708 $74,232 per year. to formally apply for this position, you must reference job number 00584 on your resume. interested candidates should forward a resume to leona thorpe (ms p280), personnel services division 00584-z, los alamos national laboratory, los alamos, nm 87545. affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. must be able to obtain a department of energy security clearance. l n a o t i o s n a a l l l a a b o m r a t o o r s y to: devin milner, head of reference, copley library, university of san diego, alcala park, san diego, ca 92110. reference librarian for social sciences. specialist (anthropology, politics, psychology, and/or public administration) responsible for selection and evaluation, faculty liaison, reference assistance, bibliographic instruction, orientation, database searching. requires accredited mls, subject master’s for tenure; 2 years public service experience in academic or research library. degree in social science, reading knowledge of french, german or italian preferred. knowledge of documents, electronic services and/or pc applications desirable. minimum: $28,000. benefits: faculty status, tuition remission, attractive pension plan, 5 weeks vacation. send resume, cover letter, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of 3 references by november 30,1990 to: alice deich, personnel manager, new york university libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, new york, 10012. nyu encourages applications from women and members of minority groups. reference librarian/subject specialist, arizona state university. serves as reference librarian/subject specialist for jus­ tice studies, political science and public administration, with four broad areas of responsibility: reference service, collection devel­ opment, faculty liaison, and specialized public service (database searching, orientation and instruction, specialized reference in assigned subject areas). required: ala-accredited mls degree; appropriate academic background in justice studies, political 1114 / c&rl news science or public administration; strong interpersonal and com­ munication skills; strong potential for public service; demon­ strated interest in professional development/contributions and service, as required for promotion and continuing appointment. preferred: graduate degree in justice studies, political science or public administration; relevant reference experience in an academic, large public, or research library; experience and/or training in: collection development; library instruction and orien­ tation; online searching, end-user systems, or other automated technologies. salary: $23,000 and up, dependent on qualifica­ tions and experience. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean for management services, hayden library, arizona state univer­ sity, tempe, az 85287-1006; phone (602) 965-3417. deadline: january 31,1991, or the last day or each month thereafter until the position is filled. asu is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. reference librarians, (two positions). the university of central florida, a growing institution in a urban setting with a student enrollment of 21,000+. both positions report to the head of reference. each requires an ala-accredited mls degree, the ability to work effectively as a member of the reference team, with students of all levels, faculty, staff, plus demonstrated oral and written skills. 1. business reference librarian. serves as the library’s liaison to college of business. provides reference serv­ ice and participates in collection development. other duties may include bibliographic instruction and online searching. w ork schedule will include regular evening and rotating weekend hours. required: a degree in business/management or significant busi­ ness reference experience after the mls. desired: experience in a large academic or public library. in-depth knowledge of business literature. experience with bibliographic instruction, cd-roms, and collection development. 2. reference librarian (half-time): primary responsibility will be reference, with additional possible duties in bibliographic instruction, online searching, cd-roms, and collection development. deadline for both positions: february 1,1991. ranks and salaries depends upon experience and quali­ fications: salary minimums: $23,500 instructor librarian; $25,000 assistant librarian; $28,000 associate librarian; and $31,000 university librarian. benefits include 13 sick days, and 22 days of annual leave. send letter of interest, resume, and names of three references to: victor f. owen, library administrative assistant, university of central florida library, p.o. box 25000, orlando, florida 32816-0666. letters must be postmarked no later than the dates listed with each position announcement. ucf is and equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. as an agency of the state of florida, the university makes all application materials and selection procedures available for public review. senior assistant librarian. under the general supervision of the head of reference, provides full range of academic refer­ ence service and library instruction. performs database searches, instructs patrons in the use of cd-rom database and the online public access catalog, actively participates in library instruction and reference service activities. in addition to weekday hours, works evenings and weekend hours as assigned. minimum quali­ fications: ala-accredited degree. desirable qualifications: 1 to 3 years of relevant experience in the above areas, excellent interper­ sonal and writing skills, science or legal course work or reference background. permanent tenure-track appointment. personal inter­ view required. finalists will be invited to campus. position will open march 1, 1991. current salary range is $34,764 to $41,844; an increase is anticipated january 1 ‚ 1991. submit a letter of applica­ tion and resume by 14 december 1990 to: library recruitment committee, california state university, san bernardino, 5500 university parkway, san bernardino, ca 91407-2397. california state university, san bernardino is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action, section 504, title ix employer. slavic cataloger. stanford university libraries is looking for someone to join the serial and acquisitions department who welcomes a variety of responsibilities and opportunities for profes­ sional growth and enjoys being a part of a large, dynamic academic library community. responsibilities: cataloging serials (original and copy) and monographs (original) in slavic and eastern euro­ pean languages using rlin, oclc, and notis systems; catalog­ ing serials in west european languages on an occasional as needed basis; coordinating slavic serial processing; serving as liaison with the slavic curator. requirements: ala-accredited mls, bs in russian or slavic studies equivalent; working knowl­ edge of russian and one west european language; ability to change and work efficiently in a diverse, production-oriented envi­ ronment. additional highly desired qualifications: experience in original cataloging using aacr2, lcri, lc classification, lcsh, and us marc formats, automated library systems; knowledge of a second slavic language; familiarity with slavic and east euro­ pean bibliographic tools. appointment will be made at the assistant of associate librarian rank ($28,872-$40,680 salary range) de­ pendent upon qualifications. please send letter of interest, resume, names, addresses and phone numbers of three references, refer­ ring to vacancy listing #006, to cathy jara, employment coordina­ tor, library human resources, stanford university, stanford ca 94305-6004. applications received before january 18, 1991, will be given preference. full vacancy listing available on request. eeo/aae. for more information contact mia rode, search offi­ cer, (415)725-1113. tenure-track assistant professor. the school of in­ formation studies at syracuse university is seeking an individual for a possible full-time, tenure track faculty position to begin august 1991. salary is commensurate with qualifications. appli­ cants should be able to teach in one of the basic masters in library science (mls) course areas such as reference, management, online services, organization of information sources, and in at least two of the following areas: applications of information tech­ nologies in library/information centers; automation of library/infor mation centers; information services in corporate/academic/spe cial information centers; business information resources and stra­ tegic intelligence; government information resources; and scien­ tific and technical information recourses. applicants should have strong research skills, a record of research productivity or a clearly articulated research agenda within the broad area of library and information studies. the school sees its research expertise in such areas as information uses and users, information services and technologies in organizational settings, and design and evalu­ ation of information systems. preference will be given to those ap­ plicants who complement the teaching and research needs of the school and will contribute to the school’s four educational pro­ grams: mls, undergraduate program, master’s in information resources management, and phd information transfer. qualifi­ cations: phd completed or anticipated in library/information sci­ ence or related field, experience in and/or knowledge of various types of library/information centers, proven track record of re­ search productivity or potential for such research productivity, ability to work effectively in a range of settings and with different types of individuals, evidence of excellence or potential for excel­ lence in teaching. the school of information studies is a leading university center in advancing both the theory and practice of library/information resources systems management. the school is located in a now $32 million science and technology center. the school offers a highly interdisciplinary research and teaching environment that nurtures a talented faculty with backgrounds in communication, public administration, computer science, educa­ tional technology, information resources management, and li­ brary/information science. salary range: $36,000-$42,000. appli­ cations will be accepted until the position is filled (pending the approval of the university administration). applications including a letter of intent, a current resume, and names of three references should be sent to: barbara kwasnik, chair, search committee, s chool of in fo rm a tion s tu d ie s, u n iv e rs ity of s y rac u s e, syracuse, ny 13244. (315) 443-2911. aa/eoe. training coordinator for public services. sum­ mary: reports to the head of van pelt reference with responsibil­ ity for reference service in the van pelt library, and system-wide responsibility for public services training and instructional pro­ grams. duties: organizes orientation and instructional activities of the van pelt reference department for undergraduates, graduate students, and faculty in social sciences and humanities. partici­ pates in reference activities including desk work, online searching and end-user assistance, documents reference, research consul­ tations. works closely with associate director for public services and the public service council to develop and coordinate a wide range of training for the library’s professional and support staff. acts as a resource person for public service staff on instructional issues and activities. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, or equivalent in experience, training and practice. strong subject background in social sciences or humanities. three to five years december 1990 /1 1 1 5 relevant experience required. excellent oral and written communi­ cation skills necessary. familiarity with automated systems, micro­ computers, instructional technology highly desirable. publications experience desirable. salary: librarian iii, to $32,000 depending on credentials and experience. application process: please send cover letter and resume with names of three references to: edna dom iniguez, personnel administrator, van pelt-dietrich library center, university of pennsylvania, 3420 walnut street, philadelphia, pa 19104-6206. deadline: applications received before december 30, 1990 will receive first consideration. the university of pennsylvania is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. university librarian. the university of richmond invites applications and nominations for the position of university librarian. richmond is a private, well-endowed institution with an undergradu­ ate enrollment of 2,850, 80 percent of whom are from out of state, with freshman sat scores currently averaging above 1200. the university also supports master’s degree programs in a variety of disciplines, enrolling over 400 students. the university librarian is responsible for administering the main library, the learning re­ sources center, the science library and the music library. these libraries have a staff of 11 professional librarians and 26 full-time support staff. holdings include 380,000 monographs, 3,400 periodi­ cal subscription titles, 197,000 government documents, 199,000 microforms and 30,000 nonprint items with an annual budget of $1.9 million. the libraries have recently implemented an integrated online system (dynix) and are actively pursuing new information technolo­ gies. qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree and a second advanced degree. a minimum of 5 years administrative experience in an academic or research library. the applicant should exhibit proven leadership ability and superior communication skills with faculty, students, administrators and staff, and exhibit knowledge of collection development and use of computerized information tech­ nologies. salary: minimum $50,000. starting date: july 1, 1991. please submit nominations and applications, including complete resume and names and addresses of three references to: zeddie bowen, provost, university librarian search committee, university of richmond, virginia 23173, fax (804) 289-8943. screening of applicants will begin january 14, 1991, and continue until a new director is selected. the university of richmond is an equal oppor tunity/affirmative action employer and welcomes applications from minorities and women. late job listings map cataloger (temporary position). the miami university libraries ‚ which serve the information needs o f miami university, a selective institution located in oxford, ohio, 30 miles northwest o f cincinnati, are seeking an experienced map cataloger to catalog and organize the a.w. kuchler vegetation map collection. responsibilities: reporting to the head, catalog department, is responsible for a full range o f cataloging functions, including classification, descriptive cataloging and subject cataloging o f the a.w. kuchler vegetation map collection (2000 maps and 500 books and booklets). oversees the work o f a paraprofessional involved in searching oclc for contributed copy, name, subject and series authority work and input o f original cataloging into oclc. dr. a.w. kuchler, compiler o f the interna­ tional bibliography o f vegetation maps, is an internationally recognized authority on vegetation mapping. his personal collection o f maps has been acquired by miami university and is now housed in the brill science library. the collection, accurately representing each type o f natural vegetation, covers every country o f the world. required qualifications: an ala-accredited mls degree. knowledge o f aacr2, lc classification and marc formats. desirable qualifications: professional expe­ rience cataloging maps and cartographic materials. experience in cataloging through oclc; knowledge o f one or more european languages; educational back­ ground or interest in geography or plant sciences. the miami university libraries contain over 1.4 million volumes, have an extensive collection o f government documents and microforms, and subscribe to over 12,000 serials. they serve 850 teaching and research faculty, 15,000 undergraduates and 1,000 graduate students. the library has 30 professional librarians and 55 support staff, is a member o f oclc and crl, and is currently installing an innovative interfaces online system. benefits include blue cross/blue shield major medical, disability, dental and term life insurance, all paid by the university. public employees retirement system. minimum salary $24,500 to $30,000 depending upon experience and qualifications. submit letter o f application, resume and names, telephone numbers and addresses of three references to: judith a. sessions, dean and university librarian, miami university, oxford, oh 45056. applications received by december 15, 1990 will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until position is filled. miami university is an equal opportunity employer actively seeking minority applicants. 1116 / c&rl news user services librarian position, available on february 1,1991. reports to coordinator o f user services and is responsible for circulation and reserves area activities. shares in the provision o f reference, bibliographic instruction, and online searching services. expected work schedule will be sunday through thursday, with evening assignment on sunday and monday. some supervising o f clerical and student personnel, maintaining statistics, and preparing o f reports. required: ala-accredited mls degree and ability to work effectively with faculty, students, and library staff. preferred: experience with reference desk services and auto­ mated circulation system. this is a 12-month tenure-track appointment with academic rank and salary commensurate with qualifications. mtsu is a state supported institution, 30 miles southeast o f nashville, having 12,750 full-time students and 564 faculty. library has 18 faculty and 23 staff positions and is currently implementing an integrated computer system. application deadline is january 31, 1991. generous benefits include full-paid state or tiaa/cref retire­ ment, 24 days annual leave, 12 days sick leave, and 11 paid holidays. candidates must send an application letter, resume, official undergraduate and graduate transcripts, and 3 current letters o f reference to: j. donald craig, university librarian, middle tennessee state university, murfreesboro, tn 37132. mtsu is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer; minorities and women are encouraged to apply. reference librarian for western european social sciences (position redefined). subject specialist in western european social sciences includ­ ing politics, sociology, economics, anthropology and related areas, responsible for selection and evaluation, faculty liaison, reference assistance, bibliographic in­ struction, orientation, database searching. requires accredited mls, subject master’s for tenure; 2 years public service experience in academic or research library; familiarity with western european studies and reading knowledge o f french, german or italian. degree in social science preferred. knowledge o f documents, electronic services and/or pc applications desirable. minimum: $28,000. benefits: faculty status, tuition remission, attractive pension plan, 5 weeks vacation. send resume, cover letter, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers o f 3 references by december 31, 1990 to alice deich, personnel manager, new york university libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012. nyu encourages applications from women and members o f minority groups. documents librarian/cataloger, williams college library (search reopened). to be in charge o f the government documents collection, to take part in the cataloging operation o f the library, and to provide both general and documents reference service. selects documents available through the depository library program and non-depository documents. supervises the processing o f documents and maintains the collection. performs computerized searches. engages in user and staff education programs. shares in coverage o f the general reference desk. per­ forms original cataloging o f monographs and nonbook materials. does authority work, both subject and name. trains and supervises technical assistants. performs other professional assignments as required. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. reference experience. familiarity with government documents. cataloging experience. knowledge o f oclc, lc classification, subject headings. experience with online systems preferred. salary from $23,500. send resume and names o f three references to: james cubit, assistant college librarian, williams college, williamstown, ma 01267. review o f applications will begin on december 3, and continue until position is filled. an eo/aa employer. the u ltim ate acquisition management tool ebs announces a software package designed to serve the professional librarian’s needs— not the needs of your vendor. ebs lin k isn’t just an ordering device or a list o f your ven­ dor’s inventory; ebs link is a m anagement tool that will help you throughout the acquisitions process. the professional librarian does more than order books. we realize that and we created ebs lin k to be an acquisitions m a n ­ agem en t tool. it keeps track o f all your budgets, retrieves information the way you should have it, and helps you to be a more efficient librarian. every library can use an extra arm or two in its acquisitions department. ebs link can help you make ebs your extra arm. the ultimate acquisition management tool for information about obtaining ebs link at no charge, call: 1-800-899-0290 or write: e.b.s. book service 290 broadway, lynbrook, ny 11563 fax: 516-596-2911 structure bookmarks december 1990 / 1099 the classified adeadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $6.00 per line for acrl members, $7.60 for others. late job notices are $14.50 per line for members, $17.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged acc counting and management reports. as a section manager, the librarian establishes priorities, participates in the development of departmental policies and procedures, trains and evaluates staff, and continues to implement the automated acquisitions system. the acquisitions librarian will have a key role in reorganizing technical services from a format-based to a function-based opera­tion. the library currently uses the ls/2000 system, acq 350 for acquisitions and sc 350 for serials control. additional duties 1100 / c&bl news is open immediately and will remain open until a suitable candidate is found. wayne state is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer.assistant university librarian for research and instructional services. responsible for the following li­brary functions and programs: reference, collection development, database searching, bibliographic instruction, government publi­cations, microforms, special collections/archives, audio-visual services. the following administrative divisions/units report to this po nications, selection of appropriate reference tools for the tanner business library, building the collection in the subject area of communication. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accred­ited library school with an additional masters degree in appropriate subject specialty or a doctoral degree in an appropriate subject field. must have demonstrated ability and experience in the super­vision of employees. previous experience in the field of business and or a business library is also important. excellen connecticutindianaiowakansaslouisianamainemassachusettsnew hampshirenew jerseynew yorknorth carolinaohiopennsylvaniarhode islandsouth carolinasouth dakotavermontwest virginiawisconsin $27,000varies*$20,580$17,500*$20,000varies*$27,554*$17,500$24,200varies*$20,832$20,024$23,700*$23,750varies*$20,000$21,500$20,000$24,837 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a profes­sional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. december 1990 /1101 head, off-campus library servicescentral michigan universityocls is the largest comprehensive off-campus library support service for extended degree programs in the country, serving adult undergraduate and graduate students in over 50 centers in the united states and canada. responsibilities: directs and participates in a reference assistance and document delivery service for students and faculty in the off-campus curricu­lum of the university. supervises a staff of 11.5 fte including six librarians (two in cember 20, 1990. to apply: send resume and names of three references to dr. larry j. ostler, assistant university librarian for personnel, 3080 hbll, brigham young university, provo, utah 83602.catalog librarian/area specialist, arizona state uni­versity (salary and deadline revised). serves as cataloger/area specialist for japanese language materials: directs the cataloging and bibliographic maintenance program for these materials; does original cataloging of monographs and serials; performs all collec­tio 1006. phone (602) 965-3417. deadline: january 31, 1991, or the last day of each month thereafter until the position is filled. asu is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer.cataloger. catalog department. university of cincinnati, uni­versity libraries. this position catalogs classics and other library materials. the position has supervisory responsibility for one fte. the catalog department is composed of 21 employees and uses oclc as a cataloging utility. under a new organizational plan, the cat 1102 / c&rl news curator of special collectionsthe university of chicago librarythe university of chicago library is seeking candidates for the position of curator of special collections. the department of special collections encompasses research documentation of broad diversity and chronological range in many languages and fields of knowledge. the collections include more than 250,000 volumes, including rare books, and 7 million documents, including manuscripts, graphic materials and university and other archives. the depa statement of qualifications for the position, 2) a resume of educa­tion and experience, and 3) the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references. send to: mark weber, assistant university librarian for personnel, 640 langsam library, univer­sity of cincinnati, cincinnati, ohio 45221 -0003. letters of applica­tion must be postmarked no later than january 21, 1991. the university of cincinnati is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer.cataloger. immediate opening. one year grant-funded spe participates in the development & review of cataloging policies and procedures, especially in serials. trains & evaluates serials staff. the cataloging team manager will have a key role in reorganizing technical service from a format-based to a function-based opera­tion. the library currently uses the ls/2000 system, sc 350 for serials control & acq 350 for acquisitions. additional duties include participation in collection development through service as a liaison with selected university departments and oc december 1990 /1103 (continued from previous page)qualifications: the curator will bring to this position an understanding of the importance of special collections to higher education and scholarship. this understanding will underpin an ongoing intellectual engagement with the programs of this university and their relationship to the department, and will guide the curator in facilitating and promoting the use of special collections. the curator will actively and aggressively collect appropriate materials, whether by purchase o shire, durham, nh 03824. federal law requires proper documen­tation of identity and employability at the time of employment. the university of new hampshire is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer.dean of library services. winthrop college, rock hill, sc, a mediumsized, competitive admission, comprehensive, residential institution, invites applications and nominations for the position of dean of library services. chief academic and admin­istrative officer for dacus library; reports to the vice p applications to begin december 1, 1990. applications should include a resume, the names, addresses and phone numbers of three persons who may be asked to provide a letter of reference, and a letter of interest including a statement of the candidates capacities and experiences. nominations must include a current mailing address for the nominee. applications and nominations may be sent to dr. albert m. lyles, chair, search committee for dean of library services, 115 tillman hall, winthrop college, rock hill, 1104 / c&rl news librarians (two positions)university of northern iowathe university of northern iowa, recently ranked as one of the top midwest regional universities, has two library faculty openings. uni is a comprehensive, rapidly growing university with a current enrollment of 12,600. it is located in a metropolitan area of 150,000 offering a high quality of life and a low cost of living. the donald 0. rod library has a collection of about 700,000 volumes and more than 3,000 periodical subscriptions. library faculty num ence. excellent fringe benefits. position available immediately. send resume and 3 letters of reference to: clayton highum, director of libraries, illinois wesleyan university, bloomington, il 61702. illinois wesleyan university is an equal opportunity employer and encourages applications from women and minori­ties.diversity librarian. university of michigan library. duties: responsible for the development and coordination of an array of diversity initiatives for the university library. based in the gradu­a as minority studies, sexual orientation studies, and multicultural studies with specific responsibility for non-mainstream publica­tions and developing an ongoing referral relationship with subject selectors as appropriate. the position is defined in four relatively equal allocations of time and attention: coordination of public service initiatives; direct diversity reference and outreach services; minority studies/sexual orientation studies/ women’s studies, materials selection; and instructional support f december 1990 /1105 librarians in public services, technical services, library systems, and administrationmiami universityoxford, ohiowe’re looking for a few outstanding professionals! are you an experienced librarian tired of the same old routine?—a new librarian with little or no experience but willing to make a committment to excellence? would you like to work with a service-oriented staff in an exciting and challenging environment? do you have special skills that aren’t being fully utilized in your present position? is the areas: black studies, latino studies, hispanic studies, sexual orientation, women’s studies, or other multicultural research areas. demonstrated oral and written communication skills. minimum of three years collection development and management experience. knowledge of book trade and national collecting patterns for specialized minority publications, and an understanding of collec­tion assessment techniques. experience with program develop­ment and management, and with library outreach programs. ability to responsibilities of a u.s. regional depository library. in all its activities, the department seeks to serve effectively the informa­tional needs of the university community and the general public. the government documents department is composed of 5 librari­ans, 5 support staff, student assistants, and data services, a separately staffed unit which maintains a collection of machinereadable data files obtained through participation in the georgia state data center (u.s. census) and the inter-university co 1106 / c&rl news head, department of library public serviceswestern kentucky universityserving over 15,000 students on main and extended campuses, university libraries house a collection of oversoo‚ooo volumes, subscribe to 4,500 serial titles, and participate in notis; all library operations are fully automated. responsibilities: organization and administration of department including recruitment, employment, training, and evaluation of personnel; administration and coordi­nation of extended campus library services, refere tains current awareness of publishing and pricing trends. commu­nicates effectively with publishers and vendors. this position is governed by the university’s policies for research or creative achievement and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; four years technical services experience in an academic library or equivalent related experience (book trade, special library); two years acquisitions experience; two or more y in the research libraries information network by acquisitionslevel records; a full cataloging program is now required. the head of cataloging will be responsible for the development and the administration of this program, with specific emphasis on policy which ensures intellectual access to the library collections, policy in the areas of subject analysis, indexing rules, vocabulary and authority control, and classification. the head of cataloging will collaborate in the development of integrated local sys december 1990 /1107 library director (search reopened)the university of michigan-flintthe university of michigan-flint invites applications from highly qualified candidates for the position of director of the library. the director reports to the provost and vice-chancellor for academic affairs.the university of michigan-flint, one of three campuses of the university of michigan, has been the fastest-growing public institution for higher education in michigan during the past ten years. it has a faculty of 270 and serves 6500 un system; demonstrable successful management of a large and complex circulation department; 3-5 years library experience; superior oral, written and interpersonal communication skills. pre­ferred: academic library experience; budgeting and planning ex­perience; a strong commitment to public service; an understand­ing of the dynamics of large organizations and ability to work effectively in a changing environment. this is a non-tenure-track professional staff position. it includes 22 days vacation, standard be ship for a special projects cataloging team. this is one of 8 professional positions in the division. responsibilities: manage­ment of a team, consisting of the head and three paraprofesionals, which will respond to unique cataloging needs across the system including special collections and archive units. catalog­ing will be both original and copy cataloging in a variety of languages, subjects, and marc formats. specific responsibili­ties of the project head include the following: define project goals in 1108/c&rl news special collections positions initiative announcedthe philadelphia area consortium of special collections libraries (pacscl)the philadelphia area consortium of special collections libraries (pacscl) announces the creation of eighteen full-time professional positions as part of its “initiative for the 1990’s.” qualified applicants are being sought for positions as:project coordinatornaco coordinatorspecial collections catalogerrare book catalogersarchivistsmanuscript catalogersa-v catalogersarchitectural dra marc format; thorough knowledge of aacr2; ability to catalog non-english materials; experience with automated library sys­tems. desire experience with nonbook formats, including amc, and with rlin, oclc, or notis. appointment: this is a twelvemonth academic/professional position with probationary appoint­ment at the assistant librarian rank. to gain continuous appoint­ment, successful performance of job responsibilities and a record of professional contributions is required. minimum salary is $28,000. pos encouraged to apply. send resume and letter listing three or more references to: gary r. fick, university librarian, weter memorial library, seattle pacific university, seattle, wa 98119. phone (206) 281-2228. closing date: january 2,1991.information management education services co­ordinator. taubman medical library, university of michigan. duties: plans, implements and evaluates the information manage­ment education (ime) program for the health sciences cluster (dentistry, public health, and taubman medic december 1990 /1109 library directortrinity universitytrinity university, san antonio, texas, invites nominations and applications for the position of library director which will become available june 1, 1991. trinity university is a selective, independent, coeducational, primarily residential and undergraduate institution committed to excellence in the liberal arts and sciences. along with traditional areas of study, trinity also offers a few selected professional and pre-professional programs, as well as three graduate progr seeking an experienced analyst to support its recently installed data research associate automation system and other related efforts. responsibilities will include maintaining and upgrading the system; developing additional automated services (i.e. full text on­line); training library staff; and designing user training programs. requirements include 2 years experience with data research associates library automation software (or similar system) and management of a vms operating system. (alternative relevant who possess either an mls or ma in library science and who wish to work on a subject master degree while gaining valuable profes­sional experience in an academic library. msu offers master degrees in over 60 academic disciplines. graduate assistantships are internships in the discipline -in this casetwo disciplines library science and the subject discipline of your choice. graduate assis­tants supervise student workers and perform other professional services in the public and technical services of the lib 11101 c&rl news six positionsthe university of south florida tampa campus librarythe university. usf is the second largest of nine universities in the state university system of florida (sus). the central tampa campus, and regional campuses at st. petersburg, sarasota, ft. myers, and lakeland have a combined enrollment of over 32,000 students. the centralized tampa campus library has 42 librarians and 75 support personnel, library holdings of over 800,000 volumes, 4,000 periodical titles, federal and state documents deposi nationally known integrated library system featuring an online catalog, a circulation system, an interlibrary loan module, a serials control system, an acquisition system, and external files such as eric. authority control and inventory control are under development. a letter of application outlining your experiences in an academic library, your resume, and the names and tele­phone numbers of three current references should be sent to dr. thomas m. peischl, dean of the library, mankato state univer­sity, ms an ala-accredited library school is required as is fluency in arabic and a knowledge of persian and turkish languages. experience with aacr2, lc classification and marc formats are also neces­sary. preferred qualifications include a knowledge hebrew, otto­man turkish and french languages; degree in middle east stud­ies; experience with oclc or other online database; demon­strated interpersonal relations and communications skills. mini­mum salary will be $20,000 plus, commensurate with experience. benefits i december 1990 /1111 head of cataloging department. rank: university librarian. responsible for managing, planning, supervising, and evaluating original and copy cataloging units using oclc and notis, and the unit responsible for physical processing. qualifications required: cataloging experience in academic or large public library. preferred: administrative experience in a cataloging department in academic or large public library. experience with oclc, notis or other automated library system; working knowledge of a foreign lan university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and encourages nominations and applications from women and minorities.non-print catalog librarian. central missouri state uni­versity is seeking a non-print catalog librarian. responsibilities: cataloging of all non-print materials, planning procedures, local documentation, training and supervision of support staff, coordi­nate work with other library units, reference nights and weekends. required: mls; relevant library experience; know tenure. to apply send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses and phone numbers of three references to: pal v. rao., dean of library services, central missouri state uni­versity, warrensburg, mo 64093. screening will begin on janu­ary 15,1991 and continue until the position is filled. cmsu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and mi­norities are encouraged to apply.preservation project librarian and research as­sociate. reporting to the director of the neh funded prese 1112/ c&rl news film vendor’s compliance with national technical standards; re­solving complex cataloging decisions; establishing guidelines for cataloging work flow; cataloging of complex titles; deciding on dis­position of original volumes after filming has been completed; and solving additional management problems that develop within the project. qualifications: required—mls from an ala-accredited library school or its equivalent. experience in modern cataloging practices, including knowledge of aacr2, marc tagging, and principal cataloger. new position begins january 1 ‚ 1991. franklin furnace archive seeks highly motivated, experienced cataloger for its collection of artists’ books, the country’s largest collection of avant-garde material published internationally after 1960. duties: responsible for original and copy cataloging of artists’ books and related graphic arts materials in various formats. prepare full descriptive cataloging records according to national standards. supplies form/genre headings according to nati december 1990 /1113 group leaderlos alamos national laboratory is seeking an experienced individual for a leadership position within the library services group.responsibilities: provide leadership, management and direction for library services group responsible for providing skills, knowledge and information to enhance the laboratory’s ability to fulfill its mission. will be responsible for establishing and maintaining service-oriented attitude and for ensuring good communications and interactions between staff and clients. re to: devin milner, head of reference, copley library, university of san diego, alcala park, san diego, ca 92110.reference librarian for social sciences. specialist (anthropology, politics, psychology, and/or public administration) responsible for selection and evaluation, faculty liaison, reference assistance, bibliographic instruction, orientation, database searching. requires accredited mls, subject master’s for tenure; 2 years public service experience in academic or research library. degree in social sci telephone numbers of 3 references by november 30,1990 to: alice deich, personnel manager, new york university libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, new york, 10012. nyu encourages applications from women and members of minority groups.reference librarian/subject specialist, arizona state university. serves as reference librarian/subject specialist for jus­tice studies, political science and public administration, with four broad areas of responsibility: reference service, collection devel­opment, 1114 / c&rl news science or public administration; strong interpersonal and com­munication skills; strong potential for public service; demon­strated interest in professional development/contributions and service, as required for promotion and continuing appointment. preferred: graduate degree in justice studies, political science or public administration; relevant reference experience in an academic, large public, or research library; experience and/or training in: collection development; library instruction and orien­tati liaison with the slavic curator. requirements: ala-accredited mls, bs in russian or slavic studies equivalent; working knowl­edge of russian and one west european language; ability to change and work efficiently in a diverse, production-oriented envi­ronment. additional highly desired qualifications: experience in original cataloging using aacr2, lcri, lc classification, lcsh, and us marc formats, automated library systems; knowledge of a second slavic language; familiarity with slavic and east euro­pean bi december 1990 /1115 relevant experience required. excellent oral and written communi­cation skills necessary. familiarity with automated systems, micro­computers, instructional technology highly desirable. publications experience desirable. salary: librarian iii, to $32,000 depending on credentials and experience. application process: please send cover letter and resume with names of three references to: edna dominiguez, personnel administrator, van pelt-dietrich library center, university of pennsylvania, 3420 walnut street libraries have a staff of 11 professional librarians and 26 full-time support staff. holdings include 380,000 monographs, 3,400 periodi­cal subscription titles, 197,000 government documents, 199,000 microforms and 30,000 nonprint items with an annual budget of $1.9 million. the libraries have recently implemented an integrated online system (dynix) and are actively pursuing new information technolo­gies. qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree and a second advanced degree. a minimum of 5 years admini late job listingsmap cataloger (temporary position). the miami university libraries ‚ which serve the information needs of miami university, a selective institution located in oxford, ohio, 30 miles northwest of cincinnati, are seeking an experienced map cataloger to catalog and organize the a.w. kuchler vegetation map collection. responsibilities: reporting to the head, catalog department, is responsible for a full range of cataloging functions, including classification, descriptive cataloging and subject 1116 / c&rl news user services librarian position, available on february 1,1991. reports to coordinator of user services and is responsible for circulation and reserves area activities. shares in the provision of reference, bibliographic instruction, and online searching services. expected work schedule will be sunday through thursday, with evening assignment on sunday and monday. some supervising of clerical and student personnel, maintaining statistics, and preparing of reports. required: ala-accredited mls degree and abi the ultimate acquisition management toolebs announces a software package designed to serve the professional librarian’s needs—not the needs of your vendor. ebs link isn’t just an ordering device or a list of your ven­dor’s inventory; ebs link is a management tool that will help you throughout the acquisitions process.the professional librarian does more than order books. we realize that and we created ebs link to be an acquisitions man­agement tool. it keeps track of all your budgets, retrieves information [illustration] the book-lover's library. edited by henry b. wheatley, f.s.a. =by the same author.= _tastefully printed and bound in cloth_, =4s. 6d.=; _in roxburgh_, =7s. 6d.= _large paper_, =21s.= _how to form a library._ "an admirable guide to the best bibliographies and books of reference.... it is altogether a volume to be desired."--_globe._ "everything about this book is satisfactory--paper, type, margin, size--above all, the contents."--_st. james's gazette._ _how to catalogue a library._ "every collector of books knows how many and difficult are the problems that present themselves in connection with cataloguing. mr. wheatley deals with all patiently, wisely, and exhaustively."--_british weekly._ "mr. wheatley's volume is unique. it is written with so much care and such profound knowledge of the subject that there can be no doubt that it will satisfactorily meet all requirements."--_bristol mercury._ elliot stock, 62, paternoster row, london. how to make an index by henry b. wheatley, f.s.a. author of "how to catalogue a library" "how to form a library," etc., etc. "m. bochart ... me prioit surtout d'y faire un index, etant, disoit-il, l'ame des gros livres."--_menagiana._ london elliot stock, 62, paternoster row 1902 [illustration] _preface._ [illustration: _i]n 1878 i wrote for the index society, as its first publication, a pamphlet entitled "what is an index?" the present little book is compiled on somewhat similar lines; but, as its title suggests, it is drawn up with a more practical object. the first four chapters are "historical," and the other four are "practical"; but the historical portion is intended to lead up to the practical portion by showing what to imitate and what to avoid._ _there has been of late years a considerable change in public opinion with respect to the difficulties attending the making of both indexes and catalogues. it was once a common opinion that anyone without preparatory knowledge or experience could make an index. that that opinion is not true is amply proved, i hope, in the chapter on the "bad indexer."_ _i have attempted to describe the best way of setting to work on an index. to do this with any hope of success it is necessary to give details that may to some seem puerile, but i have ventured on particulars for which i hope i may not be condemned._ _i must also ask the forbearance of my readers for the constant use of the personal pronoun. if i could have left it out, i would gladly have done so; but to a great extent this book relates to the experiences of an old indexer. they must be taken for what they are worth, and i hope forgiveness will be extended to me for the form in which these experiences are related._ h. b. w. [illustration] contents. _historical._ page chapter i. introduction the so-called evils of index learning--glanville and swift--thomas fuller's defence of the index--advantages of saving the brain by knowing where to find what is wanted--dr. johnson's division of necessary knowledge--gradual introduction of the word "index"--synonyms--final triumph of index--interesting indexes--prynne's index to his _histrio-mastix_--index to richardson's novels--david hume an indexer--sir james paget enjoyed making indexes--amusing blunder in musical index 1 chapter ii. amusing and satirical indexes. leigh hunt's good word for indexes--indexes to _tatler_ and _spectator_, and _the athenian oracle_--table of contents to shenstone's _schoolmistress_--index to _biglow papers_--dr. william king and his satirical indexes--"boyle upon bentley"--the royal society and sir hans sloane ridiculed--speaker bromley's _travels_--reprint with king's index 25 chapter iii. the bad indexer. some of the worst indexes in periodicals--jewel's _apology_--classified in place of completely alphabetical indexes--mr. poole's opinion of indexes to periodicals--miss hetherington's examples of bad indexes--want of complete alphabetization--confusion of _u_ and _n_, and blunders caused by it--classification within the alphabet--variety of alphabets--want of cross references--useless cross references--amusing mistranslations--incorrect filling-up of contractions--bad index to walpole's _letters_--incorrect use of the line for repetition of heading--index to pepys's _diary_--evil of an indexless book--complaints 53 chapter iv. the good indexer. difficulties of being exact--value of a good index--scaliger, nicolas antonio, pineda, samuel jeake--carlyle on indexless books--macaulay's opinion of the aim of an index--official indexes--amount paid by parliament for indexes--good legal indexes--indexes to jeremy bentham's _works_, and to ruskin's _fors clavigera_--dr. birkbeck hill's index to boswell's _life of johnson_--boswell's original index--issue of revised index to ranke's _history of england_--the indexer born and made--characteristics of a good indexer 85 _practical._ chapter v. different classes of indexes. easiest kinds of indexes to make--concordances--scientific books--incompleteness of some indexes--indexes to catalogues of libraries--proposed subject index to the catalogue of the british museum--controversy in _the times_--mr. fortescue's opinion--dictionary catalogue 118 chapter vi. general rules for alphabetical indexes. rules, with explanations and illustrations: (1) one index to each book; (2) one alphabet; (3) order of the english alphabet; (4) arrangement of headings; (5) arrangement of foreign proper names; (6) proper names with prefixes; (7) titles of peers rather than their family names; (8) compound names; (9) adjective _v._ substantive as a catchword; (10) shortness of entries; (11) repetition of short entries; (12) abstracts of the contents of articles in periodicals; (13) authorities to be indexed; (14) division of the page for reference; (15) use of numerals for series of volumes; (16) certain entries to be printed in capitals; (17) type for headings--arrangement of oriental names--sir george birdwood's memorandum 132 chapter vii. how to set about an index. hints as to the making of an index--two kinds of index--arrangement of growing indexes--use of cards, paper slips, or foolscap--indexer's knowledge of the book to be indexed--selection of the best catchword--use of numerals--index for different editions of same book--cutting up and arranging slips--sorting into alphabet--pasting down the slips--paste to use--calculations of the relative lengths of the letters of the alphabet--preparation of "copy" for the printer--correction of the press 172 chapter viii. general or universal index. early proposals for an index society--foundation of a society--indexes of history and biography--general index: what it should be 206 index 225 [illustration] how to make an index. chapter i. introduction. "i for my part venerate the inventor of indexes; and i know not to whom to yield the preference, either to hippocrates, who was the great anatomiser of the human body, or to that unknown labourer in literature who first laid open the nerves and arteries of a book." --isaac disraeli, _literary miscellanies_. [illustration: i]t is generally agreed that that only is true knowledge which consists of information assimilated by our own minds. mere disjointed facts kept in our memories have no right to be described as knowledge. it is this understanding that has made many writers jeer at so-called index-learning. thus, in the seventeenth century, joseph glanville, writing in his _vanity of dogmatizing_, says: "methinks 'tis a pitiful piece of knowledge that can be learnt from an index, and a poor ambition to be rich in the inventory of another's treasure." dr. watts alluded to those whose "learning reaches no farther than the tables of contents"; but then he added a sentence which quite takes the sting from what he had said before, and shows how absolutely needful an index is. he says: "if a book has no index or table of contents, 'tis very useful to make one as you are reading it." swift had his say on index-learning, too. in the _tale of a tub_ (section vii.) he wrote: "the most accomplisht way of using books at present is twofold: either serve them as some men do lords, learn their titles exactly, and then brag of their acquaintance. or secondly, which indeed is the choicer, the profounder and politer method, to get a thorough insight into the index, by which the whole book is governed and turned, like fishes by the tail. for to enter the palace of learning at the great gate, requires an expense of time and forms; therefore men of much haste and little ceremony are content to get in by the back-door. for, the arts are all in a flying march, and therefore more easily subdued by attacking them in the rear.... thus men catch knowledge by throwing their wit on the posteriors of a book, as boys do sparrows with flinging salt upon their tails. thus human life is best understood by the wise man's rule of regarding the end. thus are the sciences found like hercules' oxen, by tracing them backwards. thus are old sciences unravelled like old stockings, by beginning at the foot." thomas fuller, with his usual common-sense, wisely argues that the diligent man should not be deprived of a tool because the idler may misuse it. he writes: "an index is a necessary implement and no impediment of a book except in the same sense wherein the carriages [_i.e._ things carried] of an army are termed _impedimenta_. without this a large author is but a labyrinth without a clue to direct the reader therein. i confess there is a lazy kind of learning which is only indical, when scholars (like adders which only bite the horses' heels) nibble but at the tables, which are calces librorum, neglecting the body of the book. but though the idle deserve no crutches (let not a staff be used by them but on them), pity it is the weary should be denied the benefit thereof, and industrious scholars prohibited the accommodation of an index, most used by those who most pretend to contemn it." the same objection to "indical" learning is urged to-day, but it is really a futile one. no man can know everything; he may possess much true knowledge, but there is a mass of matter that the learned man knows he can never master completely. he does not care to burden his mind with what might be to him useless lumber. in this case his object is only to know where he can find the information when he wants it. indexes are of the greatest help to these men, and for their purposes the indexes ought to be well made. but it is needless to labour this point, for has not johnson, in his clear and virile language, said the last word on the matter?--"knowledge is of two kinds; we know a subject ourselves, or we know where we can find information upon it. when we inquire into any subject, the first thing we have to do is to know what books have treated of it. this leads us to look at catalogues and the backs of books." before going further, it would be well for author and reader to come to an agreement as to what an index rcertain circumstances, be arranged in the order of the book, like a table of contents, or it may be classified or chronological; but the index to a book such as we all think of when we speak of an index should be alphabetical. the other arrangements must be exceptional, because the books indexed are exceptional. it is strange, however, to find how long the world was in coming to this very natural conclusion. the first attempt at indexing a book was in the form of an abstract of contents in the order of the book itself. seneca, in sending certain volumes to his friend lucilius, accompanied them with notes of particular passages, so that he "who only aimed at the useful might be spared the trouble of examining them entire." cicero used the word "index" to express the table of contents of a book, and he asked his friend atticus to send him two library clerks to repair his books. he added that he wished them to bring with them some parchment to make indexes upon. many old manuscripts have useful tables of contents, and in dan michel's _ayenbite of inwyt_ (1340) there is a very full table with the heading: "thise byeth the capiteles of the boc volyinde." it was only a step to arrange this table of contents in the order of the alphabet, and thus form a true index; but it took a long time to take this step. alphabetical indexes of names are to be found in some old manuscript books, but it may be said that the general use of the alphabetical arrangement is one of those labour-saving expedients which came into use with the invention of printing. erasmus supplied alphabetical indexes to many of his books; but even in his time arrangement in alphabetical order was by no means considered indispensable in an index, and the practice came into general use very slowly. the word "index" had a hard fight with such synonyms as "calendar," "catalogue," "inventory," "register," "summary," "syllabus." in time it beat all its companions in the race, although it had the longest struggle with the word "table."[1] [1] all these words are fairly common; but there is another which was used only occasionally in the sixteenth century. this is "pye," supposed to be derived from the greek [greek: pinax], among the meanings of which, as given in liddell and scott's lexicon, is, "a register, or list." the late sir t. duffus hardy, in some observations on the derivation of the word "pye-book," remarks that the earliest use he had noted of pye in this sense is dated 1547: "a pye of all the names of such balives as been to accompte pro anno regni regis edwardi sexti primo."--_appendix to the "35th report of the deputy keeper of the public records,"_ p. 195. cicero used the word "index," and explained it by the word "syllabus." index was not generally acknowledged as an english word until late in the seventeenth century. north's racy translation of plutarch's _lives_, the book so diligently used by shakespeare in the production of his roman histories, contains an alphabetical index at the end, but it is called a table. on the title-page of baret's _alvearie_ (1573), one of the early english dictionaries, mention is made of "two _tables_ in the ende of this booke"; but the tables themselves, which were compiled by abraham fleming, being lists of the latin and french words, are headed "index." between these two tables, in the edition of 1580, is "an abecedarie, index or table" of proverbs. the word "index" is not included in the body of the dictionary, where, however, "table" and "regester" are inserted. "table" is defined as "a booke or regester for memorie of thinges," and "regester" as "a reckeninge booke wherein thinges dayly done be written." by this it is clear that baret did not consider index to be an english word. at the end of johnson's edition of gerarde's _herbal_ (1636) is an "index latinus," followed by a "table of english names," although a few years previously minsheu had given "index" a sort of half-hearted welcome into his dictionary. under that word in the _guide into tongues_ (1617) is the entry, "vide table in booke, in litera t.," where we read, "a table in a booke or index." even when acknowledged as an english word, it was frequently differentiated from the analytical table: for instance, dugdale's _warwickshire_ contains an "index of towns and places," and a "table of men's names and matters of most note"; and scobell's _acts and ordinances of parliament_ (1640-1656), published 1658, has "an alphabetical table of the most material contents of the whole book," preceded by "an index of the general titles comprized in the ensuing table." there are a few exceptions to the rule here set forth: for instance, plinie's _natural historie of the world_, translated by philemon holland (1601), has at the beginning, "the inventorie or index containing the contents of 37 bookes," and at the end, "an index pointing to the principal matters." in speed's _history of great britaine_ (1611) there is an "index or alphabetical table containing the principal matters in this history." the introduction of the word "index" into english from the latin word in the nominative shows that it dates from a comparatively recent period, and came into the language through literature and not through speech. in earlier times it was the custom to derive our words from the latin accusative. the italian word _indice_ was from the accusative, and this word was used by ben jonson when he wrote, "too much talking is ever the indice of a fool" (_discoveries_, ed. 1640, p. 93). the french word _indice_ has a different meaning from the italian _indice_, and according to littrã�â© is not derived from _index_, but from _indicium_. it is possible that jonson's "indice" is the french, and not the italian, word. drayton uses "index" as an indicator: "lest when my lisping guiltie tongue should hault, my lookes might prove the index to my fault." --_rosamond's epistle_, lines 103-104. shakespeare uses the word as a table of contents at the beginning of a book rather than as an alphabetical list at the end: for instance, nestor says: "our imputation shall be oddly poised in this wild action: for the success, although particular, shall give a scantling of good or bad unto the general; and in such _indexes_, although small pricks to their _subsequent volumes_, there is seen the baby figure of the giant mass of things to come at large." --_troilus and cressida_, i. 3. buckingham threatens: "i'll sort occasion, as _index_ to the story we late talk'd of, to part the queen's proud kindred from the king." --_richard iii._, ii. 2. and iago refers to "an _index_ and obscure prologue to the history of lust and foul thoughts" (_othello_, ii. 1). it may be remarked in the quotation from _troilus and cressida_ that shakespeare uses the proper plural--"indexes"--instead of "indices," which even now some writers insist on using. no word can be considered as thoroughly naturalised that is allowed to take the plural form of the language from which it is obtained. the same remark applies to the word "appendix," the plural of which some write as "appendices" instead of "appendixes." in the case of "indices," this word is correctly appropriated to another use. indexes need not necessarily be dry; and some of the old ones are full of quaint touches which make them by no means the least interesting portion of the books they adorn. john florio's translation of montaigne's _essays_ contains "an index or table directing to many of the principal matters and personages mentioned in this booke," which is full of curious entries and odd cross references. the entries are not in perfect alphabetical order. a few of the headings will give a good idea of the whole: "action better than speach." "action to some is rest." "beasts are physitians, logitians, musitians, artists, students, politikes, docible, capable of military order, of affections, of justice, of friendship, of husbandry, of thankefulnesse and of compassion," etc. "bookes and bookishnesse." "bookes not so profitable as conference--as deare as children." "bruit creatures have imagination." "cloysters not without cares." "good fortune not to be despised altogether." "societie of bookes." here are some of the cross references: "alteration _vide_ inconstancy." "amitie _vide_ friendship." "ant _vide_ emmets." "apprehension _vide_ imagination." "balladmakers _vide_ rymers." "boasting _vide_ vaunting." "chance _vide_ fortune." "common people _vide_ the vulgar." "disparity _vide_ equality." "emperickes _vide_ physitians." an instance of how loosely the word "index" has been used will be found in robert boyle's _some considerations touching the usefulnesse of experimental natural philosophy_ (oxford, 1663). this book is divided into two parts, and at the end of each part is "the index." this so-called index is arranged in order of the pages, and is really only a full table of contents. indexes did not become at all common till the sixteenth century, and mr. cornelius walford asked in _notes and queries_ what was the earliest index. mr. edward solly answered: "polydore vergil in _anglicã�⦠historiã�â¦_ (1556), has what may fairly be called a good index--thirty-seven pages. this may be taken as a starting-point as to date; and we may ask for earlier examples" (6th s. xi. 155). another contributor referred to an earlier edition of polydore vergil (1546), and still another one cited lyndewood's _provinciale_ (1525), which has several indexes. one old index may be singled out as having caused its author serious misfortune. william prynne concocted a most wonderful attack upon the "stage" under the title of _histrio-mastix_ (1633), which is absolutely unreadable by reason of the vast mass of authorities gathered from every century and every nation, to prove the wickedness of play-acting. carlyle refers to the _histrio-mastix_ as "a book still extant, but never more to be read by mortal." if prynne had sent his child out into the world without an index, he might have escaped from persecution, as no one would have found out the enormities which were supposed to lurk within the pages of the book. but he was unwise enough to add a most elaborate index, in which all the attacks upon a calling that received the sanction of the court were arranged in a convenient form for reference. attorney-general noy found that the author himself had forged the weapons which he (the prosecutor) could use in the attack. this is proved by a passage in noy's speech at prynne's trial, where he points out that the accused "says christ was a puritan, in his index." noy calls it an index, but prynne himself describes it as "a table (with some brief additions) of the chiefest passages in this treatise."[2] [2] there is a note to the table which shows that the book grew in size during the printing--"p. signifying the page, f. the folioes from pag. 513 to 545 (which exceeded the printer's computation), m. the marginall notes: if you finde f. before any pages from 545 to 568, then looke the folioes which are overcast; if p. then the page following." the entries in the index are so curious and one-sided in their accusations that it is worth while to quote some of them rather fully: "actors of popular or private enterludes for gaine or pleasure, infamous, unlawfull and that as well in princes, noblemen, gentlemen, schollers, divines or common actors." "ã�â�schylus, one of the first inventors of tragedies--his strange and sudden death." "christ wept oft, but never laughed--a puritan--dishonoured and offended with stage playes." "crossing of the face when men go to plays shuts in the devil." "devils, inventors and fomentors of stage plays and dancing. have stage plays in hell every lord's day night." "heaven--no stage plays there." "herod agrippa smitten in theater by an angel and so died." "herod the great, the first erecter of a theater among the jews who thereupon conspire his death." "king james his statute against prophaning scripture and god's name in playes--his statutes make players rogues and playes unlawfull pastimes." "kings--infamous for them to act or frequent playes or favour players." "plagues occasioned by stage plays. all the roman actors consumed by a plague." "play-bookes see bookes." "players infamous ... ---many of them papists and most desperate wicked wretches." "play haunters the worst and lewdest persons for the most part...." "play haunting unlawfull...." "play-houses stiled by the fathers and others, the devil's temples, chappels and synagogues...." "play-poets examples of god's judgements on the chiefest of them...." "puritans, condemners of stage-playes and other corruptions stiled so--the very best and holiest christians called so....--christ, his prophets, apostles, the fathers and primitive christians puritans as men now judged--hated and condemned onely for their grace yea holinesse of life--accused of hypocrisie and sedition, and why." "puritan, an honourable nickname of christianity and grace." "theaters overturned by tempests." it was the strong terms in which women actors are denounced that gave such offence at court, where the queen and her ladies were specially attracted to the stage. prynne's book was published six weeks before henrietta maria acted in a pastoral at somerset house, so that the following passage could not have been intended to allude to the queen:[3] [3] see cobbett's _state trials_, vol. 3, coll. 561-586. "women actors notorious whores ... and dare then any christian women be so more than whorishly impudent as to act, to speake publikely on a stage perchance in man's apparell and cut haire here proved sinfull and abominable in the presence of sundry men and women?... o let such presidents of impudency, of impiety be never heard of or suffered among christians." there are some interesting letters in ellis's _original letters_ (2nd series, vol. 3) which illustrate the effect on the court of these violent expressions of opinion. jo. pory wrote to sir thomas puckering on september 20th, 1632: "that which the queen's majesty, some of her ladies and all her maides of honour are now practicing upon is a pastorall penned by mr. walter montague, wherein her majesty is pleased to acte a parte, as well for her recreation as for the exercise of her englishe." george gresley wrote to the same puckering on the following 31st of january: "mr. prinne an utter barrister of lincoln's inne is brought into the high commission court and star chamber, for publishing a booke (a little before the queene's acting of her play) of the unlawfullness of plaies wherein in the table of his booke and his brief additions thereunto he hath these words [the extracts given above are here printed], which wordes it is thought by some will cost him his eares, or heavily punnisht and deepely fined." those who thought thus were amply justified in their opinion. mr. hill burton observes that it was a very odd compliment to queen henrietta maria to presume that these words refer to her, and he adds that the supposition reminds him of victor hugo's sarcasm respecting napoleon iii., that when the parisian police overheard any one use the terms "ruffian" and "scoundrel," they said, "you must be speaking of the emperor!" prynne is so full in his particulars that he might have given us much information respecting the stage in his own day, which we should have welcomed; but, instead, he is ever more ready to draw his examples from greek and latin authorities. in the eighteenth century a practice arose of drawing up indexes of sentiments and opinions assentiments and opinions as distinguished from facts. such indexes required a special skill in the indexer, who was usually the original author. there is a curious poetical index to the iliad in pope's _homer_, referring to all the places in which similes are used. samuel johnson was very anxious that richardson should produce such an index to his novels. in the _correspondence of samuel richardson_ (vol. v., p. 282) is a letter from johnson to the novelist, in which he writes: "i wish you would add an _index rerum_, that when the reader recollects any incident, he may easily find it, which at present he cannot do, unless he knows in which volume it is told; for clarissa is not a performance to be read with eagerness, and laid aside for ever; but will be occasionally consulted by the busy, the aged and the studious; and therefore i beg that this edition, by which i suppose posterity is to abide, may want nothing that can facilitate its use." at the end of each volume of _clarissa harlowe_ richardson added a sort of table of all the passages best worth remembering, and as he was the judge himself, it naturally extended to a considerable length. in september, 1753, johnson again wrote to richardson suggesting the propriety of making an index to his three works, but he added: "while i am writing an objection arises; such an index to the three would look like the preclusion of a fourth, to which i will never contribute; for if i cannot benefit mankind i hope never to injure them." richardson took the hint of his friend, and in 1755 appeared a volume of four hundred and ten pages, entitled, _a collection of the moral and instructive sentiments, maxims, cautions, and reflexions contained in the histories of pamela, clarissa and sir charles grandison, digested under proper heads_. the tables of sentiments are arranged in separate alphabets for each novel. the production of this book was a labour of love to its author, who, moreover, was skilled in the mechanical work of indexing, and in the early part of his career had filled up his leisure hours by compiling indexes for the booksellers and writing prefaces and dedications. at the end of his "collection" are two letters from the author to two of his admirers; one was to a lady who was solicitous for an additional volume to _sir charles grandison_, supposing that work ended too abruptly. david hume is to be added to the list of celebrated men who have been indexers, although he does not appear to have liked the work. in referring to the fourth edition of his _essays_ he wrote: "i intend to make an index to it." two years later he is grateful that the work of indexing another book is to be done for him; writing to millar (december 18th, 1759), he says: "i think that an index will be very proper, and am glad that you free me from the trouble of undertaking that task, for which i know myself to be very unfit."[4] [4] letters of david hume to william strahan, edited by g. birkbeck hill, d.c.l. oxford, 1888. sir james paget, the great surgeon, not only made indexes, but delighted in the task. he told dr. goodhart, _apropos_ of the hunterian museum catalogues, college of surgeons, that "it had always been a pleasure to him to make an index."[5] [5] paget's _life_, p. 350. at the end of this chapter i must refer to an excellent blunder, because it would not be fair to introduce it with the work of the bad indexer, as it is an instance not exactly of ignorance, but of too great cleverness. of the fetis musical library, bought by the belgian government at his death for 152,000 francs, an excellent catalogue was compiled and printed. in the index are references to dumas (alexandre) _pere_, and dumas (alexandre) _fils_. the musician who consults the work will be surprised at this unexpected development of these two famous authors' powers, but will be disappointed on referring to the numbers cited to find that they are reports of some legal proceedings brought by the firm of alexandre _pere et fils_, the well-known harmonium-makers, against a rival firm. the indexer's better acquaintance with _les trois mousquetaires_ and _la dame aux camelias_ led him astray. my friend mr. j. e. matthew, who communicated this to me, adds: "after many years of constant use of the catalogue, this is the only mistake, beyond a literal, that i ever found." [illustration] chapter ii. amusing and satirical indexes. "it will thus often happen that the controversialist states his case first in the title-page; he then gives it at greater length in the introduction; again perhaps in a preface; a third time in an analytical form through means of a table of contents; after all this skirmishing he brings up his heavy columns in the body of the book; and if he be very skilfull he may let fly a few parthian arrows from the index."--j. hill burton's _book-hunter_. [illustration: o]ne of the last things the genuine indexer thinks of is to make his work amusing; but some wits have been very successful in producing humorous indexes, and others have seen their way to make an author ridiculous by satirically perverting his meaning in the form of an ordinary index. we can find specimens of each of these classes. leigh hunt has a charming little paper, "a word upon indexes," in his _indicator_. he writes: "index-making has been held to be the driest as well as lowest species of writing. we shall not dispute the humbleness of it; but since we have had to make an index ourselves,[6] we have discovered that the task need not be so very dry. calling to mind indexes in general, we found them presenting us a variety of pleasant memories and contrasts. we thought of those to the spectator, which we used to look at so often at school, for the sake of choosing a paper to abridge. we thought of the index to the pantheon of fabulous histories of the heathen gods, which we used to look at oftener. we remember how we imagined we should feel some day, if ever our name should appear in the list of hs; as thus, home, howard, hume, huniades, ----. the poets would have been better, but then the names, though perhaps less unfitting, were not so flattering; as for instance halifax, hammond, harte, hughes, ----. we did not like to come after hughes." [6] to the original edition of the _indicator_; the reprint (2 vols. 8vo, 1834) has no index. the indexes to the _tatler_ and the _spectator_ are full of piquancy, and possess that admirable quality of making the consulter wish to read the book itself. the entries are so enticing that they lead you on to devour the whole book. hunt writes of them: "we have just been looking at the indexes to the tatler and spectator, and never were more forcibly struck with the feeling we formerly expressed about a man's being better pleased with other writers than with himself. our index seemed the poorest and most second-hand in the world after theirs: but let any one read theirs, and then call an index a dry thing if he can. as there 'is a soul of goodness in things evil' so there is a soul of humour in things dry, and in things dry by profession. lawyers know this, as well as index-makers, or they would die of sheer thirst and aridity. but as grapes, ready to burst with wine, issue out of the most stony places, like jolly fellows bringing burgundy out of a cellar; so an index, like the _tatler's_, often gives us a taste of the quintessence of his humour." the very title gives good promise of what is to be found in the book: "a faithful index of the dull as well as the ingenious passages in the tatlers." here are a few entries chosen at random: vol. 1- "bachelor's scheme to govern a wife." "knaves prove fools." vol. 2- "actors censured for adding words of their own in their parts." "dead men, who." "dead persons heard, judged and censured. ---allegations laid against them, their pleas." "love letters before and after marriage, found in a grave." "mathematical sieve to sift impertinences in writing and discourse." "news, old people die in france." vol. 3- "flattery of women, its ill consequences." "maids of honour, their allowance of beef for their breakfast in queen elizabeth's time." "silence, significant on many occasions. ---instances of it." vol. 4- "blockheads apt to admire one another." "female library proposed for the improvement of the sex." "night, longer formerly in this island than at present." in 1757 _a general index to the spectators, tatlers, and guardians_ was published, and in 1760 the same work was re-issued with a new title-page. certain supposed blots in the original indexes were here corrected and the following explanation made in the preface: "notwithstanding the learning and care of the compilers of the first indexes to these volumes, some slight inaccuracies have passed, and where observed they are altered. few readers who desire to know mr. bickerstaff's opinion of the comedy called the country wife, or the character of mrs. bickerstaff as an actress, would consult the index under the word _acts_." this seems to refer to an entry in the index to the first volume of the _tatler_: "acts the country-wife: (mrs. bignel)." the index to the original edition of the _spectator_ is equally good with that of the _tatler_, but the entries are longer and more elaborate than those in the latter. the references are not made to the pages, as is the case with the _tatler_, but to the numbers of the papers. the following entries are worthy of quotation: vol. 2- "gentry of england generally speaking in debt." "great men not truly known till some years after their deaths." "women, the english excel all other nations in beauty. ---signs of their improvement under the spectator's hands. ---their pains in all ages to adorn the outside of their heads." a precursor of the _tatler_ and _spectator_ was the curious _athenian oracle_, of the eccentric john dunton, each volume of which contained "an alphabetical table for the speedy finding of any questions, by a member of the athenian society," from which the following amusing entries are taken: "ark, what became of it after the flood?" "bees, a swarm lit upon the crown and scepter in cheapside, what do they portend?" "hawthorn-tree at glassenbury, what think you of it?" "noah's flood, whither went the waters?" "pied piper, was he a man or daemon?" "triumphant arch erected in cheapside 1691, described." a selection from this curious seventeenth-century miscellany was made by mr. j. underhill, and published by walter scott a few years ago. shenstone's _schoolmistress_ is one of the works of genius which is little known in the present day, but well repays perusal. a humorous table of contents was prepared by the author, which he styled an index. he wrote: "i have added a ludicrous index purely to show (fools) that i am in jest." this was afterwards omitted, but d'israeli reprinted it in his _curiosities of literature_. it contains an amusing _precis_ of the chief points of the poem; the whole is short, and a few extracts will give an idea of its plan: "a circumstance in the situation of the mansion of early discipline, discovering the surprising influence of the connexion of ideas." "some peculiarities indicative of a country school, with a short sketch of the sovereign presiding over it." "some account of her night-cap, apron and a tremendous description of her birchen sceptre." "her titles and punctilious nicety in the ceremonious assertion of them." "a view of this rural potentate as sestate, conferring honours distributing bounties and dispensing proclamations." gay composed a full and humorous index for his interesting picture of eighteenth-century london--_trivia_. the poet added a few entries to the index in the quarto edition of his _poems_ (1720). the following selected references will show the character of the index: "asses, their arrogance." "autumn, what cries then in use." "bully, his insolence to be corrected." "chairs and chariots prejudicial to health." "cellar, the misfortune of falling into one." "coach fallen into a hole described." "glazier, his skill at football." "london, its happiness before the invention of coaches and chairs." "periwigs, how stolen off the head." "quarrels for the wall to be avoided." "schoolboys, mischievous in frosty weather." "wall, to whom to be given. ---to whom to be denied." "women, the ill consequence of gazing on them." of modern examples of the amusing index, by far the best is that added to the inimitable _biglow papers_ by the accomplished author, james russell lowell. here are some extracts from the index to the first series: "adam, eldest son of, respected." "babel, probably the first congress." "birch, virtue of, in instilling certain of the dead languages." "cã�â¦sar, a tribute to. his _veni, vidi, vici_ censured for undue prolixity." "castles, spanish, comfortable accommodation in." "eating words, habit of, convenient in time of famine." "longinus recommends swearing (fuseli did the same thing)." "no, a monosyllable. hard to utter." "noah enclosed letter in bottle, probably." "ulysses, husband of penelope. borrows money. (for full particulars see _homer_ and _dante_.)" "wrong, abstract, safe to oppose." the following are from the second series: "antony of padua, saint, happy in his hearers." "applause, popular, the _summum bonum_." "'atlantic,' editors of, see _neptune_. [there is no entry under neptune.]" "belmont. see _woods_." "bible, not composed for use of coloured persons." "charles i, accident to his neck." "ezekiel would make a poor figure at a caucus." "facts, their unamiability. compared to an old fashioned stage-coach." "family trees, a primitive forest of." "jeremiah hardly the best guide in modern politics." "missionaries, useful to alligators. culinary liabilities of." "rum and water combine kindly." "shoddy, poor covering for outer or inner man." "'they'll say,' a notable bully." "woods, the, see _belmont_." "world, this, its unhappy temper." "writing, dangerous to reputation." the witty dr. william king, student of christ church, oxford, and afterwards judge of the irish court of admiralty, presented an example of the skilled controversialist spoken of by hill burton as letting fly "a few parthian arrows from the index." he was dubbed by isaac d'israeli the inventor of satirical indexes, and he certainly succeeded in producing several ill-natured ones. when the wits of christ church produced under the name of the hon. charles boyle the clever volume with which they thought to annihilate the great dr. bentley, dr. king was the one who assisted by producing a bitter index. the first edition of _dr. bentley's dissertation on the epistles of phalaris and the fables of esop examin'd_ (1698) has no index; but dr. king's work was added to the second edition published in the same year. it was styled, _a short account of dr. bentley by way of index_. then follows: "dr. bentley's true story of the ms. prov'd false by the testimonies of ---mr. bennet, p. 6. ---mr. gibson, p. 7. ---dr. king, p. 8. ---dr. bentley, p. 19." "dr. bentley's civil usage of mr. boyle. "his civil language to ---mr. boyle. ---sir w. temple. "his singular humanity to ---mr. boyle. ---sir edward sherburne. humanity to foreigners. "his ingenuity in ---relating matters of fact. ---citing authors. ---transcribing and plundering notes and prefaces of ---mr. boyle. ---vizzanius. ---nevelet. ---camerarius. ---editor of hesychius. ---salmasius. ---dr. bentley. "his appeal to foreigners. ---a suspicious plan. ---a false one. "his modesty and decency in contradicting great men. "(long list from plato to every body). "his happiness in confident assertions for want ---of reading. ---of judgment. ---of sincerity. "his profound skill in criticism from beginning to the end." this is certainly more vindictive than witty. all the wits rushed madly into the fray, and swift, in his "battel fought last friday between the antient and modern books in st. james's library," committed himself irretrievably to the wrong side in this way: "a captain whose name was b-ntl-y, in person the most deformed of all the moderns; tall but without shape or comeliness, large but without strength or proportion. his armour was patched up of a thousand incoherent pieces...." then look at the leader of the opposing host: "boyl clad in a suit of armor which had been given him by all the gods immediately advanced against the trembling foe, who now fled before him." it is amazing that such a perverted judgment should have been given by some of our greatest writers, but all is to be traced to bentley's defects of temper, so that dr. king was not altogether wrong in his index. sir george trevelyan in his _life of macaulay_ refers to bentley's famous maxim (which in print and talk alike he dearly loved to quote), that no man was ever written down except by himself, and quotes what the historian wrote after perhaps his tenth perusal of bishop monk's life of the great critic: "bentley seems to me an eminent instance of the extent to which intellectual powers of a most rare and admirable kind may be impaired by moral defects." charles boyle's book went through four editions, and still there was silence; but at last appeared the "immortal" _dissertation_, as porson calls it, which not only defeated his enemies, but routed them completely. bentley's _dissertation upon the epistles of phalaris_, with an answer to the objections of the hon. c. boyle, esq., first appeared in 1699. de quincey described it as one of the three most triumphant dissertations existing upon the class of historico-critical problems, "all three are loaded with a superfetation of evidence, and conclusive beyond what the mind altogether wishes."[7] in another place de quincey points out the line of argument followed by bentley: "it was by anachronisms of this character that bentley detected the spuriousness of the letters ascribed to phalaris. sicilian towns, &c., were in those letters called by names that did not arise until that prince had been dead for centuries. manufactures were mentioned that were of much later invention. as handles for this exposure of a systematic forgery, which oftentimes had a moral significance, these indications were valuable, and gave excessive brilliancy to that immortal dissertation of bentley's."[8] [7] _rosicrucians and free-masons_ (de quincey's _works_, vol. 13, p. 388). [8] _memorial chronology_ (de quincey's _works_, vol. 14, p. 309). the fate which the wits thought to bring upon bentley fell upon them, and they quarrelled among themselves. it was believed that charles boyle, when credit was to be obtained, looked upon himself as author of the book; but afterwards, when it was discredited, he only awaited the public trial of the conspirators to wash his hands of the whole affair. atterbury, who had much to do with the production of the volume, was particularly annoyed by boyle's conduct. he wrote to boyle: "in laying the design of the book, in writing above half of it, in reviewing [revising] a great part of the rest, in transcribing the whole and attending the press, half a year of my life went away. what i promised myself from hence was that some service would be done to your reputation, and that you would think so. in the first of these i was not mistaken--in the latter i am. when you were abroad, sir, the highest you could prevail with yourself to go in your opinion of the book was, that you hoped it would do you no harm. when you returned i supposed you would have seen that it had been far from hurting you. however, you have not thought fit to let me know your mind on this matter; for since you came to england, no one expression, that i know of, has dropped from you that could give me reason to believe you had any opinion of what i had done, or even took it kindly from me."[9] [9] _memoirs of bishop atterbury_, compiled by folkestone williams, vol. i. (1869), p. 42. in the same year (1698) king turned his attention to a less formidable antagonist than the great bentley. his _journey to london_ is a very ingenious parody of dr. martin lister's _journey to paris_, and, the pages of the original being referred to, it forms an index to that book. the royal society in its early years had to pass through a long period of ridicule and misrepresentation. the author of _hudibras_ commenced the crusade, but the gibes of butler were easier to bear than those of dr. william king, who was particularly savage against sir hans sloane. _the transactioneer_ (1700) and _useful transactions in philosophy_ (1708-1709) were very galling to the distinguished naturalist, and annoyed the royal society, whose _philosophical transactions_ were unmercifully laughed at. to both the tracts referred to were prefixed satirical tables of contents, and what made them the more annoying was that the author's own words were very ingeniously used and turned against him. king writes: "the bulls and blunders which sloane and his friends so naturally pour forth cannot be misrepresented, so careful i am in producing them." here is a specimen of the contents of _the transactioneer_: "the tatler's opinion of a virtuoso." "some account of sir hans sloane. --- of dr. salmon. --- of mr. oldenburg. --- of dr. plot." "the compiling of the philosophical transactions the work of a single person. --- the excellence of his style. --- his clearness and perspicacity. --- genius to poetry. --- verses on jamaica pepper. --- politicks in gardening. --- skill in botanicks." the following appear in the contents of the "voyage to cajamai" in _useful transactions_: preface of the author- "knew a white bramble in a dark room." author's introduction- "mountains higher than hills." "hay good for horses." the most important of king's indexes was that added to bromley's _travels_, because it had the effect of balking a distinguished political character of his ambition of filling the office of speaker of the house of commons. william bromley (1664-1732), after leaving christ church, oxford, spent several years in travelling on the continent. he was elected a member of parliament in 1689, and soon occupied a prominent position among the non-jurors. in 1692 he published "_remarks in the grande tour of france and italy, lately performed by a person of quality._ london. printed by e. h. for tho. basset at the george in fleet street, 1692." a second edition appeared in the following year: "_remarks made in travels through france and italy, with many publick inscriptions. lately taken by a person of quality_. london (thomas basset) 1693." in march, 1701-1702, bromley was elected member of parliament for the university of oxford, which he continued to represent during the remainder of his life. in 1702 he published another volume of travels: "_several years' travels through portugal, spain, italy, germany, prussia, sweden, denmark and the united provinces performed by a gentleman_." in 1705 bromley was supposed to have pre-eminent claims to the speakership, which office was then vacant; but what was supposed to be a certainty was turned into failure by the action of his opponents. they took the opportunity of reprinting his _remarks_, with the addition of a satirical index, as an electioneering squib. this reprint appeared as "_remarks in the grand tour ... performed by a person of quality in the year 1691_. the second edition to which is added a table of the principal matters. london. printed for john nutt near stationers' hall, 1705." this was really the third edition, but probably the reprinters overlooked the edition of 1693. it was reprinted with the original licence of "rob. midgley, feb. 20th, 1691-2." in the bodleian copy of this book there is a manuscript note by dr. rawlinson to the effect that this index was drawn up by robert harley, earl of oxford; but this was probably only a party rumour. dr. parr possessed bromley's own copy of the reprint with the following manuscript note by the author: "this edition of these travels is a specimen of the good nature and good manners of the whigs, and i have reason to believe of one of the ministry (very conversant in this sort of calumny) for the sake of publishing '_the table of the principal matters &c_' to expose me whom the gentlemen of the church of england designed to be speaker of the house of commons, in the parliament, that met oct. 25 1705. when notwithstanding the whigs and court joining to keep me out of the chair, and the greatest violence towards the members, turning out some, and threatening others, to influence their votes, i had the honour (and i shall ever esteem it a greater honour than my competitor's success) to have the suffrages of 205 disinterested gentlemen for me: such a number as never lost such a question before; and such as, with the addition of those that by force, and contrary to their inclination, with the greatest reluctance voted against me, must have prevailed for me. "this was a very malicious proceeding; my words and meaning plainly perverted in several places; which if they had been improper, and any observations trifling or impertinent, an allowance was due for my being very young, when they were made. but the performances of others, not entitled to such allowance may be in this manner exposed, as appears by the like tables published for the travels of bp. burnet and mr. addison. _wm. bromley._" dr. parr took this all very seriously, and set great value upon the book. he added a note to that written by bromley, in which he said: "mr. bromley was very much galled with the republication, and the ridiculous, but not untrue, representation of the contents. such a work would unavoidably expose the author to derision: instead therefore of suffering it to be sold after my death, and to become a subject of contemptuous gossip, or an instrument of party annoyance, i think it a proper act of respect and kindness for the bromley family, for me to put it in possession of the rev. mr. davenport bromley, upon the express condition that he never sells it nor gives it away, that, after reading it, he seals it up carefully and places it where no busy eye, nor thievish hand can reach it. "s. p." this note was written in 1823, and the precautions taken by parr seem rather belated. even the family were little likely to mind the public seeing a political skit more than a century old, which did no dishonour to their ancestor's character. it is very probable that harley was at the expense of reprinting the book, as it is reported that every one who came to his house was asked if he had seen mr. bromley's _travels_; and when the answer was in the negative, harley at once fetched a copy, which he presented to his visitor. there is no doubt, however, that the index was drawn up by dr. king. the index is neither particularly amusing nor clever, but it is very ill-natured. dr. parr infers that the book is not misrepresented, but there can be little doubt that the index is in most instances very unfair. thus the first entry in the table is: "chatham, where and how situated, viz. on the other side of rochester bridge, though commonly reported to be on this side, p. 1." the passage indexed is quite clear, and contains the natural statement of a fact. "lodged at rochester, an episcopal seat in the same county [kent]. the cathedral church is plain and decent, and the city appears well peopled. when i left it and passed the bridge i was at chatham, the famous dock, where so many of our great ships are built." the following are some further entries from the index: "dover and calais neither of them places of strength tho' frontier towns, p. 2." "boulogne the first city on the french shore, lies on the coast, p. 2." [these are the same words as in the book.] "crosses and crucifixes on the roads in france prove it not england, p. 3." the passage here indexed is as follows: "crosses and crucifixes are so plentiful every where on this road, that from them alone an englishman will be satisfied he is out of his own country; besides the roads are much better than ours." "eight pictures take up less room than sixteen of the same size, p. 14." this is founded on the following: "they contain the histories of the old and new testaments, and are placed in two rows one above the other; those that represent the old testament are in the uppermost reaching round the room and are sixteen. those of the new are under them, but being only eight reach not so far as the former, and where no pictures are be the doors to the presses where the sacred vestments are kept." "travelling by night not proper to take a view of the adjacent countries, p. 223." this is a version of the following: "the heat of the weather made travelling in the night most desirable and we chose it between sienna and florence.... by this means i could see little of the country." "the duchess dowager of savoy who was grandmother to the present duke was mother to his father, p. 243." this is a perversion of the following perfectly natural observation: "this was designed by the dutchess christina grandmother of this duke in the minority of her son (his father) in 1660." the entry, "jews at legorn not obliged to wear red hats, p. 223," contains nothing absurd, but rather is an interesting piece of information, because the jews were obliged to wear these hats in other parts of italy, and it was the knowledge of this fact that induced macklin to wear a red hat when acting shylock, a personation which induced an admirer to exclaim: "this is the jew that shakespeare drew." such perversions as these could have done bromley, one would think, little harm; but the real harm done consisted in bringing to light and insisting upon the author's political attitude when he referred to king william and queen mary as "the prince and princess of orange." the passage is as follows: "a gallery, where among the pictures of christian princes are those of king charles the second and his queen, king james the second and his queen and the prince and princess of orange." it would indeed seem strange that one who had thus referred to his king and queen should occupy so important a public office as speaker of the house of commons. another ground of offence was that when in rome he kissed the pope's slipper. although bromley was disappointed in 1705, his time came; and after the tory reaction consequent on the trial of sacheverell he was in 1710 chosen speaker without opposition. there is a portrait of bromley in the university picture gallery in the bodleian at oxford. [illustration] chapter iii. the bad indexer. "at the laundress's at the hole in the wall in cursitor's alley up three pair of stairs, the author of my church history--you may also speak to the gentleman who lies by him in the flock bed, my index maker."--swift's _account of the condition of edmund curll_ (instructions to a porter how to find mr. curll's authors). [illustration: b]ad indexers are everywhere, and what is most singular is that each one makes the same sort of blunders--blunders which it would seem impossible that any one could make, until we find these same blunders over and over again in black and white. one of the commonest is to place the references under unimportant words, for which no one would think of looking, such as a and the. the worst indexes of this class are often added to journals and newspapers. a good instance of confusion will be found in the index to a volume of _the freemason_ which is before me; but this is by no means singular, and certainly not the worst of its class. under a we find the following entries: "afternoon outing of the skelmersdale lodge." "an oration delivered," etc. "annual outing of the queen victoria lodge." "another masonic ms." under b: "bro. bain's masonic library." under f: "first ball of the fellowship lodge. "first ladies' night." under i: "interesting extract from an 'old masonian's' letter." under l: "ladies' banquet." "ladies' night." "ladies' summer outing." "late bro. sir b. w. richardson." under n: "new grand officers." "new home for keighley freemasons." "new masonic hall." under o: "our portrait gallery." under r: "recent festival." under s: "send-off dinner." "summer festival." "summer outing." under t: "third ladies' night." under y: "ye olde masonians." there are many other absurd headings, but these are the worst instances. they show the confusion of not only placing references where they would never be looked for, but of giving similar entries all over the index under whatever heading came first to the mind of the indexer. for instance, there is one _afternoon_ outing, one _annual_ outing, one _ladies'_ outing, one _summer_ outing, and three other outings under o. none of these have any references the one from the other. there are a large number of indexes in which not only the best heading is not chosen, but the very worst is. thus, choosing at random, we find such an order as the following in an old volume of the _canadian journal_: "_a_ monograph of the british spongiadã�â¦." "_on_ the iodide of barium." "_sir_ charles barry, a biography." "_the_ late professor boole." "_the_ mohawk language." the same misarrangement will sometimes be found even in standard english journals. the edition of jewel's _apology_, published by isaacson in 1825, contains an index which is worthy of special remark. it is divided into four alphabets, referring respectively to (1) life; (2) apology; (3) notes to life; (4) notes to apology; and this complicated machinery is attached to a book of only 286 pages. i think it is scarcely too much to say that there is hardly an entry in the index which would be of any use to the consulter. a few examples will show that this is not an unfair judgment: "_belief_ of a resurrection." "_caution_, reformers proceeded with caution." "_if_ protestants are heretics let the papists prove them so from scripture." "_in_ withdrawing themselves from the church of rome, protestants have not erred from christ and his apostles." "_king_ john." "_the_ pope assumes regal power and habit." "ditto employs spies." that this idiotic kind of index (which can be of no possible use to any one) is not yet extinct may be seen in one of those daintily printed books of essays which are now so common. in mercy i will not mention the title, but merely say that it was published in 1901. a few extracts will show the character of the work: "_a_ book," etc. "_is_ public taste," etc. "_on_ reading old books." "_the_ advantage," etc. "_the_ blessedness," etc. "_the_ book-stall reader." "_the_ girl," etc. "_the_ long life," etc. "_the_ preservative," etc. "_the_ prosperity," etc. "_two_ classes of literature." there are many instances of such bad indexes, but it would be tedious to quote more of them. the amazing thing is that many persons unconnected with one another should be found to do the same ridiculous work, and suppose that by any possibility it could be of use to a single human being. but what is even more astounding is to find intelligent editors passing such useless rubbish and wasting good type and paper upon it. another prominent blunder in indexing periodicals is to follow in the index the divisions of the paper. in an alphabetical index there should be no classification, but the alphabet should be followed throughout. nothing is so maddening to consult as an index in which the different divisions of the periodical are kept distinct, with a separate alphabet under each. it is hopeless to consult these, and it is often easier to turn over the pages and look through the volume than to refer to the index. the main object of an index is to bring together all the items on a similar subject which are separated in the book itself. the indexes of some periodicals are good, but those of the many are bad. mr. poole and his helpers, who had an extensive experience of periodical literature, made the following rule to be observed in the new edition of poole's _index to periodical literature_: "all references must be made from an inspection, and if necessary the perusal of each article. hence, no use will be made of the index which is usually printed with the volume, or of any other index. those indexes were _made by unskilful persons_, and are full of all sorts of errors. it will be less work to discard them entirely than to supply their omissions and correct their errors." this rule is sufficiently severe, but it cannot be said that it is unjust. miss hetherington, who has had a singularly large experience of indexes to periodicals, has no higher idea of these than mr. poole. in an article on "the indexing of periodicals" in the _index to the periodical literature of the world_ for 1892, she gives a remarkable series of instances of absurd entries. some of these are due to the vicious habit of trying to save trouble by cutting up the lists of contents, and repeating the entries under different headings. miss hetherington's examples are well worth repeating; but as bad indexing is the rule, it is scarcely worth while to gibbet any one magazine, as most of them are equally bad. it is only amazing how any one in authority can allow such absurdities as the following to be printed. these six groups are from one magazine: "academy in africa, a monkey's." "africa, a monkey's academy in." "monkey's academy in africa, a." "aspects, the renaissance in its broader." "renaissance in its broader aspects, the." "campaign, his last, and after." "his last campaign, and after." "entertainment, the triumph of the variety." "triumph of the variety entertainment, the." "variety entertainment, the triumph of the." "evicted tenants, the irish, are they knaves?" "irish evicted tenants, the, are they knaves?" "french revolution, scenes from the." "revolution, scenes from the french." "scenes from the french revolution." miss hetherington adds, respecting this particular magazine: "but the whole index might be quoted. the indexer seems to have had three lists of contents for his purpose, but he has not always dared to use more than two, and so "the irish evicted tenants" do not figure under the class "knaves." the contributors are on another page, with figures only against their names, the cause of reference not being specified." equally absurd, and contrived on a similar system, are the following entries from another magazine: "eastern desert on foot, through an." "foot, through an eastern desert on." "through an eastern desert on foot." "finds, the rev. j. sturgis's." "sturgis's finds, the rev. j." "complexion! what a pretty." "pretty complexion! what a." "what a pretty complexion!" these two groups are from a very prominent magazine: "creek in demerara, up a." "demerara, up a creek in." "up a creek in demerara." "home, the russians at." "russians at home, the." "the russians at home." in the foregoing, by giving three entries, one, by chance, may be correct; but in the following case there are two useless references: "baron de marbot, the memoirs of the." "memoirs of the baron de marbot, the." but nothing under _marbot_. some indexers have a fancy for placing authors under their christian names, as these three from one index. "philip bourke marston." "rudyard kipling." "walt whitman." these entries are amusing: "foot in it, on putting one's." "on putting one's foot in it." surely it is strange that such absurdities as these should continue to be published! mr. poole drew attention to the evil, and miss hetherington has done the same; yet it continues, and publishers are not ashamed to print such rubbish as that just instanced. we may add a quite recent instance--viz. _longman's magazine_ for october, 1901, which contains an index to the thirty-eighth volume. it occupies two pages in double columns, and there are no duplicate entries. in that small space i find these useless entries: "according to the code" (not under code). "disappearance of plants" (not under plants). "eighteenth century london through french eye-glasses" (not under london). "gilbert white" (not under white). "mission of mr. rider haggard" (not under haggard). "some eighteenth century children's books" (not under children's books). "some notes on an examination" (not under examination). * * * * * the two chief causes of the badness of indexes are found- 1. in the original composition. 2. in the bad arrangement. of the first cause little need be said. the chief fault is due to the incompetence of the indexer, shown by his use of trivial references, his neglect of what should be indexed, his introduction of what might well be left out, his bad analysis, and his bad headings. the second cause is still more important, because a competent indexer may prepare his materials well, and keep clear of all the faults noticed above, and yet spoil his work by neglect of a proper system of arrangement. the chief faults under this second division consist of- 1. want of complete alphabetisation. 2. classification within the alphabet. 3. variety of alphabets. 4. want of cross references. these are all considerable faults, and will therefore bear being enlarged upon. 1. _the want of complete alphabetisation_ is a great evil, but it was very general at one time. in some old indexes references are arranged under the first letter only. in the index to a large and valuable map of england, published at the beginning of this century, the names of places are not arranged further than the third letter, and this naturally gives great trouble to the consulter. in order to save himself, the compiler has given others a considerably greater amount of trouble. in arranging entries in alphabetical order it is necessary to sort them to the most minute difference of spelling. the alphabetical arrangement, however, has its difficulties, which must be overcome; for instance, it looks awkward when the plural comes before the singular, and the adjective before the substantive from which it is formed, as "naval" and "navies" before "navy." in such cases it will be necessary to make a heading such as "navy," which will include the plural and the adjective. the vowel i should be kept distinct from the consonant j, and the vowel u from the consonant v. more blunders have probably been made by the confusing of u and n in old books than from any other cause. these letters are identical in early manuscripts, and consequently the modern copyist has to decide which letter to choose, and sometimes he blunders. in capgrave's _chronicles of england_ is a reference to the "londe of iude," but this is misspelt "inde" in the edition published in the master of the rolls' series in 1858. here is a simple misprint caused by the misreading of i for j and n for u; but this can easily be set right. the indexer, however, has enlarged it into a wonderful blunder. under the letter i is the following curious piece of information: "india ... conquered by judas maccabeus and his brethren, 56"!! many more instances of this confusion of the letters u and n might be given, some of them causing permanent confusion of names; but two (which are the complement of each other) will suffice. george lo_n_don was a very eminent horticulturist in his day, who at the revolution was appointed superintendent of the royal gardens; but he can seldom get his name properly spelt because a later horticulturist has made the name of lo_u_don more familiar. in fact, i was once called to account by a reviewer who supposed i had made a mistake in referring to lo_n_don instead of lo_u_don. the reverse mistake was once made by the great duke of wellington. c. j. loudon (who wrote a very bad hand) requested the duke to let him see the waterloo beeches at stratfieldsaye. the letter puzzled wellington, who knew nothing of the horticulturist, and read c. j. lo_u_don as c. j. lo_n_don, and beeches as breeches; so he wrote off to the then bishop of london (dr. blomfield) to say that his waterloo breeches disappeared long ago. 2. _classification within the alphabet._--examples have already been given where the arrangement of the book is followed rather than the alphabetical order; but these were instances of bad indexing, and sometimes a good indexer fails in the same way, thus showing how important is good arrangement. an index of great complexity, one full of scientific difficulties, was once made by a very able man. the _prã�â©cis_ was admirable, and the various subjects were gathered together under their headings with great skill--in fact, it could not well have been more perfect; but it had one flaw which spoiled it. the nature of the index necessitated a large number of subdivisions under the various chief headings; these were arranged on a system clear to the compiler, and probably a logical one to him. but the user of the index had not the clue to this arrangement, and he could not find his way through the complicated maze; it was an unfortunate instance of extreme cleverness. when the index was finished, but before it was published, a simple remedy for the confusion was suggested and carried out. the whole of the subdivisions under each main heading were rearranged in perfect alphabetical order. this was a heroic proceeding, but it was highly successful, and the rearranged index gave satisfaction, and the same system was followed in other indexes that succeeded it. 3. _variety of alphabets._--an index should be one and indivisible, and should not be broken up into several alphabets. foreigners are greater sinners against this fundamental rule than englishmen, and they almost invariably separate the author or persons from subjects. sometimes, however, the division is not very carefully made, for in the _autoren register_ to carus' and engelmann's _bibliography of zoology_ may be found the following entries: _schreiben_, _schriften_, _zu_ humboldt's cosmos, _zur_ fauna. some english books are much divided. thus the new edition of hutchins's _dorset_ (1874) has at the end eight separate indexes: (1) places, (2) pedigrees, (3) persons, (4) arms, (5) blazons, (6) glossarial, (7) domesday, (8) inquisitions. the index to the original quarto edition of warton's _history of english poetry_ (1774) has six alphabets, but a general index compiled by thomas fillingham, was published in 1804, uniform with the work in quarto. the general index to the _annual register_ has as many as fourteen alphabets. the general index to the _reports of the british association_ is split up into six alphabets, following the divisions of each volume. 4. _want of cross references._--although an alphabetical index should not be classified, yet it is necessary to gather together the synonyms, and place all the references under the best of these headings, with cross references from the others. for instance, wealth should be under w, finance under f, and population under p; and they should not all be grouped under political economy, because each of these subjects is distinct and more conveniently found under the separate heading than under a grouped heading. on the other hand, entries relating to tuberculosis must not be scattered over the index under such headings as consumption, decline, and phthisis, but be gathered together under the heading chosen, with cross references from the others. in bad indexes this rule is invariably broken, and it must be allowed that the proper carrying out of this rule is very difficult, so that where it is invariably adopted, we have one of the best signs of a really good index. bad indexers are usually much too haphazard in their work to insert cross references. the careful use of cross references is next in importance to the selection of appropriate headings. great judgment, however, is required, as the consulters are naturally irritated by being referred backwards and forwards, particularly in a large index. at the same time, if judiciously inserted, such references are a great help. mr. poole says, in an article on his own index in the _library journal_: "if every subject shall have cross references to its allies, the work will be mainly a book of cross references rather than an index of subjects." he then adds: "one correspondent gives fifty-eight cross references under mental philosophy, and fifty-eight more might be added just as appropriate." the indexer should be careful that his cross references are real, but he has not always attended to this. in eadie's _dictionary of the bible_ (1850) there is a reference, "dorcas _see_ tabitha," but there is no entry under tabitha at all. in cobbett's _woodlands_ there is a good specimen of backwards and forwards cross referencing. the author writes: "many years ago i wished to know whether i could raise birch trees from the _seed_.... i then looked into the great book of knowledge, the _encyclopã�â¦dia britannica_; there i found in the general dictionary: "'birch tree--see _betula_ (botany index).' "i hastened to betula with great eagerness, and there i found: "'betula--see _beech tree_.' "that was all, and this was pretty encouragement." william morris used to make merry over the futility of some cross references. he was using a print of an old english manuscript which was full of notes in explanation of self-evident passages, but one difficult expression--_viz._ "the bung of a thrub chandler"--was left unexplained. in the index under bung there was a reference to thrub chandler, and under thrub chandler another back to bung. still the lexicographers are unable to tell us what kind of a barrel a "thrub chandler" really was. i give this story on the authority of my friend, mr. s. c. cockerell. no reference to the contents of a general heading which is without subdivision should be allowed unless of course the page is given. there are too many vague cross references in the _penny cyclopã�â¦dia_ where you are referred from the known to the unknown. if a general heading be divided into sections, and each of these be clearly defined, they should be cross referenced, but not otherwise. at present you may look for pesth and be referred to hungary, where probably there is much about pesth, but you do not know where to look for it in the long article without some clue. sometimes cross references are mere expedients, particularly in the case of a cyclopã�â¦dia published in volumes or parts. thus a writer agrees to contribute an article early in the alphabet, but it is not ready in time for the publication of the part, so a cross reference is inserted which sends the reader to a synonym later on in the alphabet. in certain cases this has been done two or three times. an instance occurs in the life of the distinguished bibliographer, the late henry bradshaw (than whom no one was more capable of producing a masterly article), who undertook to write on "printing" in the _encyclopã�â¦dia britannica_. when the time for publication arrived (1885), bradshaw was not ready, and in place of the article appeared the cross reference, "printing, typographic--see _typography_." bradshaw died on february 10, 1886, and the article on "typography" which was published in vol. 23 in 1888, was written by mr. hessels. cross referencing has its curiosities as well as other branches of our subject. perhaps the most odd collection of cross references is to be found in serjeant william hawkins's _pleas of the crown_ (1716; 5th ed., 1771; 7th ed., 4 vols., 1795), of which it was said in the _monthly magazine_ for june, 1801 (p. 419): "a plain, unlettered man is led to suspect that the writer of the volume and the writer of the index are playing at cross purposes." the following are some of the most amusing entries: "cards _see_ dice." "cattle _see_ clergy." "chastity _see_ homicide." "cheese _see_ butter." "coin _see_ high treason." "convicts _see_ clergy." "death _see_ appeal." "election _see_ bribery." "farthings _see_ halfpenny." "fear _see_ robbery." "footway _see_ nuisance." "honour _see_ constable." "incapacity _see_ officers." "king _see_ treason." "knaves _see_ words." "letters _see_ libel." "london _see_ outlawry." "shop _see_ burglary." "sickness _see_ bail." "threats _see_ words." "westminster hall _see_ contempt and lie." "writing _see_ treason." this arrangement of some of the cross references is perhaps scarcely fair. they are spread over several elaborate indexes in the original, and in their proper places do not strike one in the same way as when they are set out by themselves. one of the instances given by the critic in the _monthly magazine_ is unfairly cited. it is there given as "assault _see_ son." the cross reference really is, "assault _see_ son assault." hawkins's work is divided into two parts, and the folio editions have two indexes, one to each part; the octavo edition has four indexes, one to each volume. the index to ford's _handbook of spain_ contains an amusing reference: "wellington, _see_ duke." besides these four divisions of the chief faults in indexing, there are many other pitfalls gaping wide to receive the careless indexer. names are a great difficulty, but it is not necessary to refer to these more generally here, as they are fully dealt with in the rules (_see_ chapter vi.) it is not often that an english indexer has to index a french book, but should he do so he would often need to be careful. the frenchman does not care to leave that which he does not understand unexplained. the translation of _love's last shift_ as _la derniã�â¨re chemise de l'amour_, attributed by horace walpole to the dowager duchess of bolton in george i.'s reign, is probably an invention, but some translations quite as amusing are genuine. g. brunet of bordeaux, having occasion in his _la france littã�â©raire au xv^e siã�â¨cle_ to mention "white knights," at one time the seat of the duke of marlborough, translates it into _le chevalier blanc_. when dr. buckland, the geologist, died, a certain french paper published a biography of him in which it was explained that the deceased had been a very versatile writer, for besides his work on geology he had produced one _sur les ponts et chaussã�â©es_. this was a puzzling statement, but it turned out to be a translation of _bridgewater treatises_, in which series his _geology and mineralogy_ was published in 1837. sometimes contractions give trouble to the indexer, and he must be careful not to fill them out unless he is sure of what they mean. many blunders have been made in this way. in the _historie of edward iv._ (1471), edited by that careful and trustworthy antiquary john bruce for the camden society in 1838, there is the following remarkable statement: "wherefore the kynge may say, as julius cã�â¦sar sayde, he that is not agaynst me is with me." this chapter might be made a very long one by instancing a series of badly indexed books, but this would be a tedious recital devoid of any utility, for the blunders and carelessness of the bad indexer are singularly alike in their futility. it is nevertheless worth while to mention the index to peter cunningham's complete edition of walpole's _letters_, because that work deserves a good index. we may hope that when mrs. toynbee publishes her new and complete edition of the _letters_, she will add a really satisfactory index. the present index is very bad and most irritating to the person who uses it. examples of most of the careless and foolish blunders in indexing are to be found here; for instance, there are long lists of references without indication of the reason for any of them. the same person is entered in two places if he is spoken of under slightly different names. the same nobleman is referred to as lord ---and as the earl of ----, while sometimes a heading devoted to lord ---contains references to two distinct men. van eyck has one reference under van and another under eyck. mrs. godfrey is entered under both godfrey and _la_ godfrey. many other absurdities are to be found in the index, but the extract of one heading will be sufficient to show how ill the arrangement is: "gower, edition of, ---baptist leveson, ---countess of, ---dowager lady, ---duke of, ---earl of, ---john, earl, ---lady, ---lady elizabeth, ---lady mary leveson, ---lord, ---richard leveson." there is no authority at all for a duke of gower, and if we look up the reference (iv. 39) we find that it refers to "the late lord g----," possibly the earl gower. the confusion by which two persons are made into one has sometimes an evil consequence worse than putting the consulter of an index on the wrong scent, for the character of an innocent person may be taken away by this means. (constance) lady russell of swallowfield points out in _notes and queries_, that in the index to _familiar letters of sir walter scott_ (1894) there are three references under lady charlotte campbell, one of which is to a lady c----, really intended for the notorious lady conyngham, mistress to george iv. in another index mary bellenden is described thus: "bellenden, miss, mistress of george ii." this is really too bad; for the charming maid of honour called by gay "smiling mary, soft and fair as down," turned a deaf ear to the importunities of the king, as we know on the authority of horace walpole. the index to lord braybrooke's edition of pepys's _diary_ has many faults, mostly due to bad arrangement; but it must be allowed that there is a great difficulty in indexing a private diary such as this. the diarist knew to whom he was referring when he mentioned mr. or mrs.----; but where there are two or more persons of the same name, it is hard to distinguish between them correctly. this has been a stumbling-block in the compilation of the index to the new edition, in which a better system was attempted. it has been said that a bad index is better than no index at all, but this statement is open to question. still, all must agree that an indexless book is a great evil. mr. j. h. markland is the authority for the declaration that "the omission of an index when essential should be an indictable offence." carlyle denounces the publishers of books unprovided with this necessary appendage; and baynes, the author of the _archã�â¦ological epistle to dean mills_ (usually attributed to mason), concocted a terrible curse against such evil-doers. the reporter was the learned francis douce, who said to mr. thoms: "sir, my friend john baynes used to say that the man who published a book without an index ought to be damned ten miles beyond hell, where the devil could not get for stinging-nettles."[10] lord campbell proposed that any author who published a book without an index should be deprived of the benefits of the copyright act; and the hon. horace binney, ll.d., a distinguished american lawyer, held the same views, and would have condemned the culprit to the same punishment. those, however, who hold the soundest views sometimes fail in practice; thus lord campbell had to acknowledge that he had himself sinned before the year 1857. [10] _notes and queries_, 5th series, viii. 87. these are the words written by lord campbell in the preface to the first volume of his _lives of the chief justices_ (1857): "i have only further to express my satisfaction in thinking that a heavy weight is now to be removed from my conscience. so essential did i consider an index to be to every book, that i proposed to bring a bill into parliament to deprive an author who publishes a book without an index of the privilege of copyright; and moreover to subject him for his offence to a pecuniary penalty. yet from difficulties started by my printers, my own books have hitherto been without an index. but i am happy to announce that a learned friend at the bar, on whose accuracy i can place entire reliance, has kindly prepared a copious index, which will be appended to this work, and another for a new stereotyped edition of the lives of the chancellors." mr. john morley, in an article in the _fortnightly review_ on mr. russell's edition of matthew arnold's _letters_, lifts up his voice against an indexless book. he says: "one damning sin of omission mr. russell has indeed perpetrated: the two volumes have no index, nor even a table of contents."[11] _george selwyn and his contemporaries_, a most interesting but badly arranged book, by john heneage jesse, was published without an index, and a new edition was issued (1882) also without this necessary addition. the student of the manners of the eighteenth century must constantly refer to this book, and yet it is almost impossible to find in it what you want without great waste of labour. i have found it necessary to make a manuscript index for my own use. [11] quoted _notes and queries_, 8th series, ix. 425. [illustration] chapter iv. the good indexer. "thomas norton was appointed remembrancer of the city of london in 1570, and directions were given to him that 'he shall gather together and reduce the same [the bookes] into indices, tables or kalendars, whereby they may be more easily, readily and orderly founde.'"--_analytical index to "remembrancia,"_ p. v. [illustration: t]he acrostic i i n never d did e ensure x exactness made by a contributor to _notes and queries_ as a motto for an index expresses very well the difficulties ever present to the indexer; and the most successful will confess the truth that it contains, however much others may consider his work to be good. there are many indexes which are only of partial merit, but which a little more care and experience on the part of the indexer would have made good. if the medium indexer felt that indexing was work that must be done to the best of his ability, and he studied the best examples, he would gradually become a good indexer. the famous bibliographer, william oldys, rated the labours of the diligent indexer very highly, and expressed his views very clearly thus: "the labour and patience, the judgment and penetration which are required to make a good index is only known to those who have gone through this most painful, but least praised part of a publication. but laborious as it is, i think it is indispensably necessary to manifest the treasures of any multifarious collection, facilitate the knowledge to those who seek it, and invite them to make application thereof."[12] [12] _notes and queries_, 2nd series, xi. 309. similar sentiments were expressed by a writer in the _monthly review_ which have been quoted by dr. allibone in his valuable _dictionary of english literature_.[13] [13] vol. i., p. 85. "the compilation of an index is one of those useful labours for which the public, commonly better pleased with entertainment than with real service, are rarely so forward to express their gratitude as we think they ought to be. it has been considered a task fit only for the plodding and the dull: but with more truth it may be said that this is the judgment of the idle and the shallow. the value of anything, it has been observed, is best known by the want of it. agreeably to this idea, we, who have often experienced great inconveniences from the want of indices, entertain the highest sense of their worth and importance. we know that in the construction of a good index, there is far more scope for the exercise of judgment and abilities, than is commonly supposed. we feel the merits of the compiler of such an index, and we are ever ready to testify our thankfulness for his exertions." a goodly roll may be drawn up of eminent men who have not been ashamed to appear before the world as indexers. in the first rank we must place the younger scaliger, who devoted ten months on the compilation of an elaborate index to gruter's _thesaurus inscriptionum_. bibliographers have been unanimous in praise of the energy exhibited by the great critic in undertaking so vast a labour. antonio describes the index as a herculean work, and leclerc observes that if we think it surprising that so great a man should undertake so laborious a task we must remember that such indexes can only be made by a very able man. nicolas antonio, the compiler of one of the fullest and most accurate bibliographies ever planned, was a connoisseur of indexes, and wrote a short essay on the makers of them. his _bibliotheca hispana_ is not known so well as it deserves to be, but those who use it find it one of the most trustworthy of guides. the system upon which the authors' names are arranged is one that at first sight may seem to give cause for ridicule, for they appear in an alphabet of christian names; but when we consider that the spaniards and portuguese stand alone among european nations in respect to the importance they pay to the christian name, and remember, further, that authors and others are often alluded to by their christian names alone, we shall see a valid reason for the plan. another point that should not be forgotten is the number of spanish authors who have belonged to the religious orders and are never known by their surnames. this arrangement, however, necessitates a full index of surnames, and antonio has given one which was highly praised both by baillet and bayle, two men who were well able to form an opinion. juan de pineda's _monarchia ecclesiastica o historia universal del mundo_ (_salamanca_, 1588) has a very curious and valuable table which forms the fifth volume of the whole set; and the three folio volumes of indexes in one alphabet to the _annales ecclesiastici_ of baronius form a noble work. samuel jeake, senior, compiled a valuable work on "arithmetick" in 1674, which was published by his son in 1696: [greek: logistikã�âªlogia]; _or, arithmetick surveighed and reviewed_. professor de morgan specially refers to this book in his _arithmetical books_, saying: "those who know the value of a large book with a good index will pick this one up when they can." he praises it on account of the value of the information it contains and the fulness of the references to that information. the alphabetical table, directing to some special points noted in the precedent treatise, was probably the work of samuel jeake, junior. the author's epistle is dated from rye, 1674, and one of the entries is curious: "winchelsea, when drowned 74." s. jeake being a resident at rye had an interesting note to add to this: "among the records of this town of rye is a memorandum entered that the year old winchelsea was drowned (1287) corn was 2_s._ the quarter." thomas carlyle denounced the putters forth of indexless books, and his sincerity is proved by the publication in 1874 of a separate index to the people's edition of his works. in his introduction to _cromwell's letters and speeches_ he is very severe on some of the old folios he was forced to use: "the rushworths, whitelocks, nalsons, thurloes; enormous folios, these and many other have been printed and some of them again printed but never yet edited,--edited as you edit wagon-loads of broken bricks, and dry mortar simply by tumbling up the wagon! not one of those monstrous old volumes has so much as an index. it is the general rule of editing on this matter. if your editor correct the press, it is an honourable distinction." a very eminent name may be added to the list of indexers, for, when a boy of fifteen, macaulay made the index to a volume of the _christian observer_ (of which periodical his father was editor), and this he introduced to the notice of hannah more in these words: "to add to the list, my dear madam, you will soon see a work of mine in print. do not be frightened; it is only the index to the thirteenth volume of the _christian observer_, which i have had the honour of composing. index-making, though the lowest, is not the most useless round in the ladder of literature; and i pride myself upon being able to say that there are many readers of the _christian observer_ who could do without walter scott's works, but not without those of, my dear madam, your affectionate friend, thomas b. macaulay." although proud of his work, macaulay places index-making in a very low position. in later life he used a contemptuous expression when he was describing the appearance of those who followed the lowest grade in the literary profession. the late mr. h. campkin, a veteran indexer, quotes this description in the preface to one of his valuable indexes--that to the twenty-five volumes of the _sussex archã�â¦ological collections_: "the compilation of indexes will always and naturally so, be regarded as a humble art; 'index-makers in ragged coats of frieze' are classed by lord macaulay as the very lowest of the frequenters of the coffee houses of the dryden and swift era. yet ''tis my vocation, hal,' and into very pleasant companionship it has sometimes brought me, and if in this probably the last of my twenty-five years' labours in this direction, i have succeeded in furnishing a fairly practicable key to a valuable set of volumes, my frieze coat, how tattered soever signifieth not, will continue to hang upon my shoulders not uncomfortably." though he did not rate highly the calling of the indexer, macaulay knew that that lowly mortal has a considerable power in his hand if he chooses to use it, for he can state in a few words what the author may have hidden in verbiage, and he can so arrange his materials as to turn an author's own words against himself. hence macaulay wrote to his publishers, "let no d---tory make the index to my history." when the index was in progress he appears to have seen the draught, which was fuller than he thought necessary. he therefore wrote to messrs. longmans: "i am very unwilling to seem captious about such a work as an index. by all means let mr. ---go on. but offer him with all delicacy and courtesy, from me this suggestion. i would advise him to have very few heads, except proper names. a few there must be, such as convocation, nonjurors, bank of england, national debt. these are heads to which readers who wish for information on these subject will naturally turn. but i think that mr. ---will on consideration perceive that such heads as priestcraft, priesthood, party spirit, insurrection, war, bible, crown, controversies, dissent, are quite useless. nobody will ever look for them; and if every passage in which party-spirit, dissent, the art of war, and the power of the crown are mentioned, is to be noticed in the index, the size of the volumes will be doubled. the best rule is to keep close to proper names, and never to deviate from that rule without some special occasion."[14] [14] trevelyan's _life and letters of macaulay_, chap. xi. these remarks exhibit macaulay's eminently common-sense view of the value of an index, but it is evident that he did not realise the possibility of a good and full index such as might have been produced. the _history of england_, with all its wealth of picturesque illustration, deserves a full index compiled by some one capable of exhibiting the spirit of that great work in a brilliant analysis. sir george trevelyan's delightful _life_ of his uncle was originally published without an index, and mr. perceval clark made an admirable one, both full and interesting, which was issued by the index society in 1881. mr. clark writes in his preface: "the single heading macaulay of course takes up a large space of the index, and will be found, together with a few other headings, to contain everything directly touching him. the list of his published writings refers of course only to writings mentioned by his biographer, and lays no claim to be considered an exhaustive bibliography of his works. the books macaulay read that were 'mostly trash' have their places in the body of the index, while those that stood by him in all vicissitudes as comforters, nurses, and companions, have half a page to themselves under one of the sections of macaulay. the particulars of his life and work in india are given under india; localities in london under london; various newspapers under newspapers, and certain french and italian towns visited by macaulay under their countries respectively." just such an index one would like to see of the _history of england_. it may be added that the popular edition of the _life_ published subsequently has an index. a large number of official indexes are excellent, although some very bad ones have been printed. still, it may be generally stated that in government departments there are those in power who know the value of a good digest, and understand that it is necessary to employ skilled labour. the work is well paid, and therefore not scamped; and plenty of room is devoted to the index, which is printed in a satisfactory manner in type well set out. we have no modern statistics to offer, but the often quoted statement that in 1778 a total of ã�â£12,000 was voted for indexes to the journals of the house of commons shows that the value of indexes was appreciated by parliament in the eighteenth century. the items of this amount were: "to mr. edward moore ã�â£6400 as a final compensation for thirteen years labour; rev. mr. forster ã�â£3000 for nine years' labour; rev. dr. roger flaxman ã�â£3000 for nine years' labour; and ã�â£500 to mr. cunningham." one of the most admirable applications of index making is to be found in the series of calendars of state papers issued under the sanction of the master of the rolls, which have made available to all a mass of historical material of unrivalled value. how many students have been grateful for the indexes to these calendars, and also for the aid given to him by the indexes to parliamentary papers and other government publications! it is impossible to mention all the good official indexes, but a special word of praise must be given to the indexes to the _statutes of the realm_, the folio edition published by the record commission. i have often consulted the _alphabetical index to the statutes from magna charta to the end of the reign of queen anne_ (1824) with the greatest pleasure and profit. it is a model of good workmanship. the lawyers have analytical minds, and they know how important full indexes and digests are to complete their stock-in-trade. they have done much, but there is still much to be done. lord thring drew up some masterly instructions for an index to the statute law, which is to be considered as a step towards a code. these instructions conclude with these weighty words: "let no man imagine that the construction of an index to the statute law is a mere piece of mechanical drudgery, unworthy of the energy and ability of an accomplished lawyer. next to codification, the most difficult task that can be accomplished is to prepare a detailed plan for a code, as distinct from the easy task of devising a theoretical system of codification. now the preparation of an index, such as has been suggested in the above instructions, is the preparation of a detailed plan for a code. each effective title, is in effect, a plan for the codification of the legal subject-matter grouped under that title, and the whole index if completed would be a summary of a code arranged in alphabetical order."[15] [15] these instructions, with specimens of the proposed index, are printed in the _law magazine_ for august, 1877, 4th series, vol. 8, p. 491. that this question of digesting the law is to be considered as one which should interest all classes of englishmen, and not the lawyer only, may be seen from an article in the _nineteenth century_ (september, 1877) on the "improvement of the law by private enterprise," by the late sir james fitzjames stephen, who did so much towards a complete digest of the law. he wrote: "i have long believed that the law might by proper means be relieved of this extreme obscurity and intricacy, and might be displayed in its true light as a subject of study of the deepest possible interest, not only to every one who takes an interest in politics or ethics, or in the application of logic and metaphysics to those subjects. in short, i think that nothing but the rearrangement and condensation of the vast masses of matter contained in our law libraries is required, in order to add to human knowledge what would be practically a new department of the highest and most permanent interest. law holds in suspension both the logic and the ethics, which are in fact recognised by men of business and men of the world as the standards by which the practice of common life ought to be regulated, and by which men ought to form their opinions in all their most important temporal affairs. it would be a far greater service to mankind than many people would suppose to have these standards clearly defined and brought within the reach of every one who cared to study them." the following remarks will apply with equal force to a more general and universal index than that of the law: "the preparation of a digest either of the whole or of any branch of the law is work of a very peculiar kind. it is one of the few literary undertakings in which a number of persons can really and effectively work together. any given subject may, it is true, be dealt with in a variety of different ways; but when the general scheme, according to which it is to be treated, has been determined on, when the skeleton of the book has been drawn out, plenty of persons might be found to do the work of filling up the details, though that work is very far from being easy or matter of routine." the value of analytical or index work is set in a very strong light by an observation of sir james stephen respecting the early digesters of the law. the origin of english law is to be found in the year-books and other series of old reports, which from the language used in them and the black-letter printing with its contractions, etc., are practically inaccessible. lord chief justice coke and others who reduced these books into form are in consequence treated as ultimate authorities, although the almost worshipped coke is said by sir james to be "one of the most confused, pedantic, and inaccurate of men." a good index is that to the works of jeremy bentham, published in 1843 under the dictation of sir john bowring. _the analytical index to the works of jeremy bentham and to the memoirs and correspondence_ was compiled by j. h. burton, to whom it does great credit. the indexer prefixed a sensible note, where he writes: "in some instances it would have been impossible to convey a notion of the train of reasoning followed by the author, without using his own words, and in these no attempt has been made to do more than indicate the place where the subject is discussed. in other cases where it has appeared to the compiler that an intelligible analysis has been made, he may have failed in his necessarily abbreviated sentences in embodying the meaning of the original, but defects of this description are indigenous to indexes in general." but here all is utility, and it is to the literary index that we turn for pleasure as well as instruction. the index to ruskin's _fors clavigera_, vols. 1-8 (1887), is a most interesting book, especially to ruskin admirers. there are some specially delightful original and characteristic references under the heading of _london_, such as the following: "london, fifty square miles outside of, demoralised by upper classes ---its middle classes compare unfavourably with apes ---some blue sky in, still ---hospital named after christ's native village in, ---honestest journal of, _punch_. ---crossings, what would they be without benevolent police?" the index is well made and the references are full of life and charm, but the whole is spoilt by the bad arrangement. the entries are set out in single lines under the headings in the successive order of the pages. this looks unsystematic, as they ought to be arranged in alphabet. when the references are given in the order of the pages they should be printed in block. there are several entries commencing with "'s"; thus, under "st. george." p. 386: "'s war "of hanover square." p. 387: "'s square 's, hanover square" p. 389: "'s law 's school 's message 's chapel at venice." in long headings that occupy separate pages these are repeated at the top of the page, but the headings are not sufficiently full: thus the saints are arranged in alphabet under _s_; george commences on page 386. on p. 387: "saint--saints _continued_ story of," p. 388: "what of gold etc. he thinks good for people, they shall have" p. 389: "tenth part of fortunes for" p. 390: "his creed" p. 391: "loss of a good girl for his work" in the case of all the references on these pages you have to go back to page 386 to find out to whom they refer. there is a particularly bad block of references filling half a page under _lord_. "lord, high chancellor, 7.6; 's prayer vital to a nation, 7.22; mayor and corporation, &c of hosts." it is a pity that an interesting index should be thus marred by bad arrangement. dr. birkbeck hill's complete index to his admirable edition of boswell's _life of johnson_ is a delightful companion to the work, and may be considered as a model of what an index should be; for compilation, arrangement, and printing all are good. under the different headings are capital abstracts in blocks. there are sub-headings in alphabet under the main heading _johnson_. a charming appendix to the index consists of "dicta philosophi: a concordance of johnson's sayings." dr. hill writes in his preface: "in my index, which has cost me many months' heavy work, 'while i bore burdens with dull patience and beat the track of the alphabet with sluggish resolution,' i have, i hope, shown that i am not unmindful of all that i owe to men of letters. to the dead we cannot pay the debt of gratitude that is their due. some relief is obtained from its burthen, if we in our turn make the men of our own generation debtors to us. the plan on which my index is made, will i trust be found convenient. by the alphabetical arrangement in the separate entries of each article the reader, i venture to think, will be greatly facilitated in his researches. certain subjects i have thought it best to form into groups. under america, france, ireland, london, oxford, paris and scotland, are gathered together almost all the references to those subjects. the provincial towns of france, however, by some mistake i did not include in the general article. one important but intentional omission i must justify. in the case of the quotations in which my notes abound i have not thought it needful in the index to refer to the book unless the eminence of the author required a separate and a second entry. my labour would have been increased beyond all endurance and my index have been swollen almost into a monstrosity had i always referred to the book as well as to the matter which was contained in the passage that i extracted. though in such a variety of subjects there must be many omissions, yet i shall be greatly disappointed if actual errors are discovered. every entry i have made myself, and every entry i have verified in the proof sheets, not by comparing it with my manuscript, but by turning to the reference in the printed volumes. some indulgence nevertheless may well be claimed and granted. if homer at times nods, an index maker may be pardoned, should he in the fourth or fifth month of his task at the end of a day of eight hours' work grow drowsy. may i fondly hope that to the maker of so large an index will be extended the gratitude which lord bolingbroke says was once shown to lexicographers? 'i approve,' writes his lordship, 'the devotion of a studious man at christ church, who was overheard in his oratory entering into a detail with god, and acknowledging the divine goodness in furnishing the world with makers of dictionaries.'" it is impossible to speak too highly of dr. hill's indexes to boswell's _life of johnson_ and boswell's _letters_ and _johnson miscellanies_. not only are they good indexes in themselves, but an indescribable literary air breathes over every page, and gives distinction to the whole. the index volume of the _life_ is by no means the least interesting of the set, and one instinctively thinks of the once celebrated spaniard quoted by the great bibliographer antonio--that the index of a book should be made by the author, even if the book itself were written by some one else. the very excellence of this index has been used as a cause of complaint against its compiler. it has been said that everything that is known of johnson can be found in the index, and therefore that the man who uses it is able to pose as a student, appearing to know as much as he who knows his _boswell_ by heart; but this is somewhat of a joke, for no useful information can be gained unless the book to which the index refers is searched, and he who honestly searches ceases to be a smatterer. it is absurd to deprive earnest readers of a useful help lest reviewers and smatterers misuse it. boswell himself made the original index to the _life of johnson_, which has several characteristic signs of its origin. mr. percy fitzgerald, in his edition (1874), reprints the original "table of contents to the life of johnson," with this note: "this is mr. boswell's own index, the paging being altered to suit the present edition; and the reader will see that it bears signs of having been prepared by mr. boswell himself. in the second edition he made various additions, as well as alterations, which are characteristic in their way. thus, 'lord bute' is changed into 'the earl of bute,' and 'francis barber' into 'mr. francis barber.' after mrs. macaulay's name he added, 'johnson's acute and unanswerable refutation of her levelling reveries'; and after that of hawkins he put 'contradicted and corrected.' there are also various little compliments introduced where previously he had merely given the name. such as 'temple, mr., the author's old and most intimate friend'; 'vilette, reverend mr., his just claims on the publick'; 'smith, captain, his attention to johnson at warley camp'; 'somerville, mr., the authour's warm and grateful remembrance of him'; 'hall, general, his politeness to johnson at warley camp'; 'heberden, dr., his kind attendance on johnson.' on the other hand, lord eliot's 'politeness to johnson' which stands in the first edition, is cut down in the second to the bald 'eliot, lord'; while 'loughborough, lord, his talents and great good fortune,' may have seemed a little offensive, and was expunged. the literary club was reverentially put in capitals. there are also such odd entries as 'brutus, a ruffian,' &c." one wishes that there were more indexes like dr. hill's in the world; and since i made an index to shelley's works, i have often thought that a series of indexes of great authors would be of inestimable value. first, all the author's works should be indexed, then his biographies, and lastly the anecdotes and notices in reviews and other books. how valuable would such books be in the study of our greatest poets! the plan is quite possible of attainment, and the indexes would be entertaining in themselves if made fairly full. it is not possible to refer to all the good indexes that have been produced, for they are too numerous. a very remarkable index is that of the publications of the parker society by henry gough, which contains a great mass of valuable information presented in a handy form. it is the only volume issued by the society which is sought after, as the books themselves are a drug in the market. mr. gough was employed to make an index to the publications of the camden society, which would have been of still more value on account of the much greater interest of the books indexed; but the expense of printing the index was too great for the funds of the society, and it had to be abandoned, to the great loss of the literary world. most of the archã�â¦ological societies, commencing with the society of antiquaries, have issued excellent indexes, and the scientific societies also have produced indexes of varying merit. the esteem in which the indexes of _notes and queries_ are held is evidenced by the high prices they realise when they occur for sale. mr. tedder's full indexes to the reports of the conference of librarians and the library association may also be mentioned. a very striking instance of the great value which a general index of a book may possess as a distinct work can be seen in the "index to the first ten volumes of book prices current (1887-1896), constituting a reference list of subjects and incidentally a key to anonymous and pseudonymous literature, london, 1901." here, in one alphabet, is a brief bibliography of the books sold in ten years well set out, and the dates of the distinctive editions clearly indicated. the compilation of this index must have been a specially laborious work, and does great credit to william jaggard, of liverpool, the compiler. the authorities of the clarendon press, oxford, are to be highly commended for their conduct in respect to the index to ranke's _history of england_. this was attached to the sixth volume of the work published in 1875. it is by no means a bad index in itself; but a revised index was issued in 1897, which is a greatly improved edition by the addition of dates and fuller descriptions and christian names and titles to the persons mentioned. the new index is substantially the same as the old one, but the reviser has gone carefully through it, improving it at all points, by which means it was extended over an additional twenty-three pages. it is instructive to compare the two editions. four references as they appear in the two will show the improvement: _old index._ _new index._ "lower house." "lower house see commons, house of." "window tax v. 102." "window tax, imposed 1695 v. 102." "witt, john de." "witt, cornelius de." "witt, cornelius de." "witt, john de." miss hetherington has very justly explained the cause of bad indexing. she says that it has been stated in the _review of reviews_ that the indexer is born, _not_ made, and that the present writer said: "an ideal indexer needs many qualifications; but unlike the poet he is not born, _but_ made!" she then adds to these differing opinions: "more truly he is born _and_ made." i agree to the correction and forswear my former heresy. certainly the indexer requires to be born with some of the necessary qualities innate in him, and then he requires to have those qualities turned to a practical point by the study of good examples, so as to know what to follow and what to avoid. miss hetherington goes on to say: "as a matter of fact, people without the first necessary qualifications, or any aptitude whatever for the work are set to compile indexes, and the work is regarded as nothing more than purely mechanical copying that any hack may do. so long as indexing and cataloguing are treated with contempt rather than as arts not to be acquired in a day, or perhaps a year, and so long as authors and their readers are indifferent to good work, will worthless indexing continue."[16] [16] _index to the periodical literature of the world_ (1892). what, then, are the chief characteristics that are required to form a good indexer? i think they may be stated under five headings: 1. common-sense. 2. insight into the meaning of the author. 3. power of analysis. 4. common feeling with the consulter and insight into his mind, so that the indexer may put the references he has drawn from the book under headings where they are most likely to be sought. 5. general knowledge, with the power of overcoming difficulties. the ignorant man cannot make a good index. the indexer will find that his miscellaneous knowledge is sure to come in useful, and that which he might doubt would ever be used by him will be found to be helpful when least expected. it may seem absurd to make out that the good indexer should be a sort of admirable crichton. there can be no doubt, however, that he requires a certain amount of knowledge; and the good cataloguer and indexer, without knowing everything, will be found to possess a keen sense of knowledge. as i owe all my interest in bibliography and indexing to him, i may perhaps be allowed to introduce the name of my elder brother, the late mr. b. r. wheatley, a vice-president of the library association, as that of a good indexer. he devoted his best efforts to the advancement of bibliography. when fresh from school he commenced his career by making the catalogue of one of the parts of the great _heber catalogue_. he planned and made one of the earliest of indexes to a library catalogue--that of the athenã�â¦um club. he made one of the best of indexes to the transactions of a society in that of the statistical society, which he followed by indexes of the transactions of the royal medical and chirurgical society, clinical, and other societies. he also made an admirable index to tooke's _history of prices_--a work of great labour, which met with the high approval of the authors, thomas tooke and william newmarch. [illustration] [illustration] chapter v. different classes of indexes. "of all your talents you are a most amazing man at indexes. what a flag too, do you hang out at the stern! you must certainly persuade people that the book overflows with matter, which (to speak the truth) is but thinly spread. but i know all this is fair in trade, and you have a right to expect that the publick should purchase freely when you reduce the whole book into an epitome for their benefit; i shall read the index with pleasure."--william clarke to william bowyer, nichols's _literary anecdotes_, vol. 3, p. 46. [illustration: i]n dealing with the art of the indexer it is most important to consider the different classes of indexes. there are simple indexes, such as those of names and places, which only require care and proper alphabetical arrangement. the makers of these often plume themselves upon their work; but they must remember that the making of these indexes can only be ranked as belonging to the lowest rung of the index ladder. the easiest books to index are those coming within the classes of history, travel, topography, and generally those that deal almost entirely with facts. the indexing of these is largely a mechanical operation, and only requires care and judgment. verbal indexes and concordances are fairly easy when the plan is settled; but they are often works of great labour, and the compilers deserve great credit for their perseverance. john marbeck stands at the head of this body of indefatigable workers who have placed the world under the greatest obligations. he was the first to publish a concordance of the bible,[17] to be followed nearly two centuries later by the work of alexander cruden, whose name has almost become a synonym for a concordance. after the bible come the works of shakespeare, indexed by samuel ayscough (1790), francis twiss (1805), mrs. cowden clarke (1845), and mr. john bartlett, who published in 1894 a still fuller concordance than that of mrs. clarke. it is a vast quarto volume of 1,910 pages in double columns, and represents an enormous amount of self-denying labour. dr. alexander schmidt's _shakespeare lexicon_ (1874) is something more than a concordance, for it is a dictionary as well. [17] "a concordance, that is to saie, a worke wherein by the ordre of the letters of the abc ye maie redely finde any worde conteigned in the whole bible, so often as it is there expressed or mencioned ... anno 1550."--_folio._ a dictionary is an index of words. we do not mention dictionaries in this connection to insist on the fact that they are indexes of words, but rather to point out that a dictionary such as those of liddell and scott, littrã�â©, murray, and bradley, reaches the high watermark of index work, and so the ordinary indexer is able to claim that he belongs to the same class as the producers of such masterpieces as these. scientific books are the most difficult to index; but here there is a difference between the science of fact and the science of thought, the latter being the most difficult to deal with. the indexing of books of logic and ethics will call forth all the powers of the indexer and show his capabilities; but what we call the science of fact contains opinions as well as facts, and some branches of political economy are subjects by no means easy to index. some authors indicate their line of reasoning by the compilation of headings. this is a great help to the indexer; but if the author does not present such headings, the indexer has to make them himself, and he therefore needs the abilities of the _prã�â©cis_-writer. there are indexes of books, of transactions, periodicals, etc., and indexes of catalogues. each of these classes demands a different method. a book must be thoroughly indexed; but the index of journals and transactions may be confined to the titles of the papers and articles. it is, however, better to index the contents of the essays as well as their titles. before the indexer commences his work he must consider whether his index is to be full or short. sometimes it is not necessary to adopt the full index--frequently it is too expensive a luxury for publisher or author; but the short index can be done well if necessary. whatever plan is followed, the indexer must use his judgment. this ought to be the marked characteristic of the good indexer. the bad indexer is entirely without this great gift. while trying to be complete, the indexer must reject the trivial; and this is not always easy. he must not follow in the steps of the lady who confessed that she only indexed those points which specially interested her. we have fair warning of incompleteness in _the register of corpus christi guild, york_, published by the surtees society in 1872, where we read, on page 321: "this index contains the names of all persons mentioned in the appendix and foot-notes, but a selection only is given of those who were admitted into the guild or enrolled in the obituary." the plan here adopted is not to be commended, for it is clear that so important a name-list as this is should be thoroughly indexed. however learned and judicious an editor may be, we do not choose to submit to his judgment in the offhand decision of what is and what is not important. there is a considerable difference in the choice of headings for a general or special index--say, for instance, in indexing electrical subjects the headings would differ greatly in the indexes of the institution of civil engineers or of the institution of electrical engineers. in the former, dynamos, transformers, secondary or storage batteries, alternate and continuous currents would probably be grouped under the general heading of electricity, while in the latter we shall find dynamos under d, transformers under t, batteries under b, alternate under a, and continuous under c. the indexes to catalogues of libraries, etc., are among the most difficult of indexes to compile. it was not usual to attach an index of subjects to a catalogue of authors until late years, and that to the _catalogue of the athenã�â¦um club library_ (1851) is an early specimen. the _new york state library catalogue_ (1856) has an index, as have those of the _royal medical and chirurgical society_ (1860) and the _london library_ (1865 and 1875). that appended to the _catalogue of the manchester free library_ (1864) is more a short list of titles than an index. there are special difficulties attendant on the indexing of catalogues. books are written in many languages, and there is considerable trouble in bringing together the books on a given subject produced in many countries. the titles of books are not drawn up on the same system or with any wish to help the indexer. titles are seldom straightforward, for they are largely concocted to attract the readers, without any honest wish to express correctly the nature of the contents of the book. they are usually either too short or too enigmatical. the titles of pamphlets, again, are often too long; and it may be taken as an axiom that the longer the title the less important the book. the indexer, however, has a great advantage over the cataloguer, because the latter is bound by bibliographical etiquette not to alter the title of a book, while the indexer is at liberty to alter the title as he likes, so as to bring together books on the same subject, however different the titles may be. herein consists the great objection to the index composed of short titles, as in dr. crestadoro's _index to the manchester free library catalogue_. books almost entirely alike in subject are separated by reason of the different wording of the titles. it is much more convenient to gather together under one entry books identical in subject, and there is no utility in separating an "elementary treatise" on electricity from "the elements" of electricity. one important point connected with indexes to catalogues is to add the date of the book after the name of the author, so that the seeker may know whether the book is old or new. an index ought not to supersede the table of contents, as this is often useful for those who cannot find what they want in the index, from having forgotten the point of the heading under which it would most likely appear in the alphabet. in the year 1900 there was a controversy in _the times_ on a proposed subject index to the catalogue of the library of the british museum. it was commenced on october 15th by a letter signed "a scholar," and closed on november 19th by the same writer, who summed up the whole controversy. "a scholar" expressed himself strongly against the proposal, and as he himself confesses he used very arrogant language. in consequence of which, most readers must have desired to find him proved to be in the wrong. this desire was satisfied when mr. fortescue, the keeper of the printed books at the british museum, delivered his address as president of the library association on august 27th last. the two points made by the "scholar" were: (1) that the making of a general subject index to the catalogue proposed by the authorities of the british museum would be a waste of money; (2) that it was a great evil for the five-yearly indexes originated by mr. fortescue to be discontinued. now let us see what is to be said with authority on these points. mr. fortescue said: "last autumn ... i read with respectful astonishment a letter to 'the times' from a writer who preferred to veil his identity under the modest signature of 'a scholar.' there i read that 'the studious public of this country and europe in general have been surprised by the news that the authorities of the british museum seriously contemplate the compilation of a subject index to the vast collection of printed books in that library.' i can assure you that the surprise of the studious public and of europe in general cannot have surpassed my own when i thus learned of what the authorities were seriously contemplating. nevertheless, it left me able, i thought, to discern that their vast conceptions had not been so fortunate as to gain the approval of 'a scholar' and to marvel whence _the times_ and other great journals had drawn their truly surprising information. some of the arguments put forth in sundry criticisms of the 'scheme' showed how much thought had been bestowed upon matters which then first dazzled my bewildered imagination. it may come some day (who shall say what will not?), this general index, or it may never come. but up to the present moment i am aware of no authority who is seriously contemplating so large a venture unless perhaps it be 'a scholar' himself." then as to the five-yearly indexes mr. fortescue said: "experience has taught us that there is no form of subject-index which the public values so highly as one which gives the most recent literature on every possible subject. and to meet this manifest want we shall certainly continue to issue, with all the latest improvements i hope, the modest indexes which we have hitherto published in five-yearly (i am afraid as president of the library association i should say 'in quinquennial') volumes. the museum sweeps its net so wide and in such remote seas that a more or less complete collection of books on almost every subject or historical event is gathered within it for future students. to take only two incidents from the last year or two, the next index will contain not less than a hundred and forty books and pamphlets, in almost every european tongue, on the dreyfus case, and from four to five hundred books on the present war in south africa. such bibliographical tests have more than an ephemeral or immediate value. they will remain as records of events or phases of thought long after their causes shall have faded from all but the page of history." of late years the dictionary catalogue has come very largely into use in public libraries. this consists of a union of catalogue of authors and index of subjects which is found to be very useful and illuminating to the readers in free libraries, most of whom are probably not versed in the niceties of bibliographical arrangement, but are more likely to want a book on a particular subject than to require a special book which they know. mr. cutter has written the history of the dictionary catalogue in the _united states special report_ (pp. 533-539), and he traces it back in america to about the year 1815. excellent specimens of these dictionary catalogues have been produced. they are of great value to the ordinary reader at a small public library, but i venture to think that to construct one for a large library is a waste of power, because if several large libraries of a similar character do the same thing, there is constant repetition and considerable loss by the unnecessary outlay. if a fairly complete standard index were made, it could be used by all the libraries, and in return the libraries might unite to pay its cost. i am pleased to know that mr. fortescue prefers to keep index and catalogue distinct. he said in his address: "i have formed, so far as i know, but one dogmatic conviction, and it is this: that the best catalogue which the art of man can invent is a catalogue in two inter-dependent yet independent parts; the first and greater part an alphabetical catalogue of authors, the second and lesser part a subject-index. i know well that i shall be told that i am out of date, that such an opinion is as the voice of one crying in the wilderness--that the dictionary catalogue has won its battle--but even so, perhaps the more so, do i feel it the part of a serious and immovable conviction to declare my belief that--for student and librarian alike--this twofold catalogue, author and subject each in its own division, is the best catalogue a library can have, and that the dictionary catalogue is the very worst. but whatever may be our individual opinion on this head, it is only necessary to enter into a very simple calculation to see that if the dictionary system could have governed the rules of the british museum catalogue it would by now have consisted of not less than twelve million entries; and assuredly it would have been neither completed nor printed to-day." [illustration] chapter vi. general rules for alphabetical indexes. "in order to guard against blunders bayle proposed that certain directions should be drawn up for the guidance of the compilers of indexes." [illustration: t]hese rules, originally drawn up by a committee of the index society, were primarily intended for the use of indexers making indexes of indexless books to be published by the society, which, being produced separately from the books themselves, needed some introductory note. in all cases, however, some explanation of the mode of compilation should be attached to the index. the compiler comes fresh from his difficulties and the expedients he has devised to overcome them, and it is therefore well for him to explain to the user of the index what those special difficulties are. the object of the index society was to set up a standard of uniformity in the compilation of the indexes published by them. although rigid uniformity is not needed in all indexes, it is well that these should be made in accordance with the best experience of past workers rather than on a system which varies with the mood of the compiler. it is hoped that the following rules may be of some practical use to future indexers. in the eighth chapter of _how to catalogue a library_ there are a series of rules for making a catalogue of a small library in which are codified the different points which had been discussed in the previous chapters. in the present chapter the index society rules are printed in italic, and to them are now added some illustrative remarks. there is necessarily a certain likeness between rules for indexing and rules for cataloguing, but the differences are perhaps more marked. at all events, the rules for one class of work will not always be suitable for the other class. 1. _every work should have one index to the whole set, and not an index to each volume._ an index to each volume of a set is convenient if a general amalgamated index to the whole set is given as well; but a work with several indexes and no general one is most inconvenient and irritating, while to have both seems extravagant. if, however, the author or publisher is willing to present both, it is not for the user of the book to complain. 2. _indexes to be arranged in alphabetical order, proper names and subjects being united in one alphabet. an introduction containing some indication of the classification of the contents of the book indexed to be prefixed._ in an alphabetical index the alphabet must be all in all. when the alphabet is used, it must be used throughout. there is no advantage in dividing proper names from subjects, as is so often done, particularly in foreign indexes. another objectionable practice frequently adopted in the indexes of periodical publications is to keep together the entries under the separate headings used in the journal itself, and thus to have a number of distinct alphabets under different headings. this union of alphabetical and classified indexing has been condemned on a former page, and need not here be referred to further. in the case of large headings the items should be arranged in alphabetical order under them. there is occasionally a difficulty in carrying this out completely, but it should be attempted. we want as little classification as possible in an alphabetical index. mr. w. f. poole wisely said in reference to the proposal of one of his helpers on the _index of periodical literature_ to place wealth, finance, and population under the heading of political economy: "the fatal defect of every classified arrangement is that nobody understands it except the person who made it and he is often in doubt." 3. _the entries to be arranged according to the order of the english alphabet. i and j and u and v to be kept distinct._ there are few things more irritating than to find the alphabet confused by the union of the vowel _i_ with the consonant _j_, or the vowel _u_ with the consonant _v_. no doubt they were not distinguished some centuries ago, but this is no reason why they should again be confused now that they are usually distinct. there may be special reasons why they should be mixed together in the british museum catalogue, but it is not evident that these are sufficient. the only safe rule is to use the english alphabet as it is to-day in an english index. one of the rules of the american library association is: "the german _ae_, _oe_, _ue_ always to be written _ã�â¤_, _ã�â¶_, _ã�â¼_, and arranged as _a_, _o_, _u_." by this goethe would have to be written gã�â¶the, which is now an unusual form, and i think it would be better to insist that where both forms are used, one or other should be chosen and all instances spelt alike. it is a very common practice to arrange _ã�â¤_, _ã�â¶_, _ã�â¼_, as if they were written _ae_, _oe_, _ue_; but this leads to the greatest confusion, and no notice should be taken of letters that are merely to be understood. 4. _headings consisting of two or more distinct words are not to be treated as integral portions of one word; thus the arrangement should be_: _grave_, john } { _grave_ at kherson _grave_ at kherson } { _grave_, john _grave_ of hope } { _gravelot_ _grave_ thoughts } not { _grave_ of hope _gravelot_ } { _gravesend_ _gravesend_ } { _grave_ thoughts. the perfect alphabetical arrangement is often ignored, and it is not always easy to decide as to what is the best order; but the above rule seems to put the matter pretty clearly. if no system is adhered to, it becomes very difficult to steer a course through the confusion. when such entries are printed, a very incongruous appearance often results from the use of a line to indicate repetition when a word similar in spelling, but not really the same word, occurs; thus, in the above, grave _surname_, grave _substantive_, and grave _adjective_ must all be repeated. it is inattention to this obvious fact that has caused such ludicrous blunders as the following: "mill on liberty ---on the floss."[18] [18] miss hetherington gives an additional instance of this class of blunder, but her only authority is "said to be from the index of a young lady's scrap book": "patti, adelina, ---oyster." the example in the text is absolutely genuine, although it has been doubted. "cotton, sir willoughby, ----, price of." "old age ---artillery yard ---bailey." these are all genuine entries taken from books, and similar blunders are not uncommon even in fairly good indexes; thus, in the _calendar of treasury papers_, 1714-1719, issued by the public record office, under _ireland_ are the following entries: "ireland, mrs. jane, sempstress and starcher to king william; cxcvii. 32. ... attorney general of, _see_ attorney general, ireland." then follow nearly two columns on ireland with the marks of repetition (...) throughout. the names of streets in the _post office directory_ are now arranged in a strict alphabetical order on the lines laid down in this rule; thus we have: "white street white's row white heart whitechapel." again: "abbott road abbott street abbott's road." again: "king square king street king and queen street king david street king edward road king william street king's arms court king's road kinglake street kingsbury road kingsgate street." sometimes there is a slip, as might be expected in so complicated a list of names. thus in the foregoing sequence kinghorn street comes between king william street and king's arms court, while i think it ought to come immediately before kinglake street; but, after all, this is a matter of opinion. strattondale street comes before stratton street; but this is merely a case of missorting. there is one piece of alphabetisation which the editor of the _post office directory_ has always adopted, and that is to place upper and lower under those adjectives, and old bond street under _old_, and new bond street under _new_. these two names belong to what is practically one street (although each division is separately numbered), which is always spoken of as bond street, and therefore for which the majority of persons will look under bond. south molton street is correctly placed under south because there is no north molton street, and the street is named after south molton; while south eaton place is merely a continuation of eaton place. some persons, however, think that names should be treated as they stand, and that we should not go behind them to find out what they mean. 5. _proper names of foreigners to be arranged alphabetically under the prefixes_- _dal_ } { _dal sie_ _del_ } { _del rio_ _della_ } { _della casa_ _des_ } as { _des cloiseaux_ _du_ } { _du bois_ _la_ } { _la condamine_ _le_ } { _le sage_, _but not under the prefixes_- _d_ as _abbadie_ not _d'abbadie_ _da_ " _silva_ " _da silva_ _de_ " _la place_ " _de la place_ _von_ " _humboldt_ " _von humboldt_ _van_ " _beneden_ " _van beneden_. _it is an acknowledged principle that when the prefix is a preposition it is to be rejected; but when an article, it is to be retained. when, however, as in the case of the french du, des, the two are joined, it is necessary to retain the preposition. this also applies to the case of the italian della, which is often rejected by cataloguers. english names are, however, to be arranged under the prefixes_: _de_ } { _de quincey_ _dela_ } as { _delabeche_ _van_ } { _van mildert_, _because these prefixes are meaningless in english, and form an integral part of the name._ whatever rule is adopted, some difficulty will be found in carrying it out: for instance, if we consider van dyck as a foreigner, his name will appear as dyck (van); but if as an englishman, his name will be treated as vandyck. a prefix which is translated into the relative term in a foreign language cannot be considered as a fixed portion of the name. thus alexander von humboldt, when away from his native germany, translated his name into alexandre de humboldt. the reason why prefixes are retained in english names is because they have no meaning in themselves, and cannot be translated. there is a difficulty here in respect to certain names with de before them; for instance, the rothschilds call themselves de rothschild, but when the head of the family in england was made a peer of the united kingdom he became lord rothschild without the de. in fact, we have to come to the conclusion that when men think of making changes in their names they pay very little attention to the difficulties they are forging for the cataloguer and the indexer. in this rule no mention is made of such out-of-the-way forms as im thurn and ten brink. it is very difficult to decide upon the alphabetical position of these names. if the indexer had to deal with a number of these curious prefixes, it would probably be well to ignore them; but when in the case of an english index they rarely occur, it will probably be better to put im thurn under i and ten brink under t. with respect to the translation of foreign titles, the historian freeman made a curious statement which is quoted in one of the american q.p. indexes. freeman wrote: "no man was ever so clear [as macaulay] from the vice of thrusting in foreign words into an english sentence. one sees this in such small matters as the accurate way in which he uses foreign titles. he speaks, for instance, of the 'duke of maine,' the 'count of avaux,' while in other writers one sees the vulgarism of the _court circular_, 'duke de maine,' 'duc de maine,'--perhaps 'duc of maine.'" duke de maine and duc of maine may be vulgar, they are certainly incorrect; but i fail to see how it can be vulgar to call a man by his right name--"duc de maine." i do not venture to censure macaulay, but for lesser men it is certainly a great mistake to translate the names of foreigners, in spite of freeman's expression of his strong opinion. 6. _proper names with the prefix st., as st. albans, st. john, to be arranged in the alphabet as if written in full--saint. when the word saint represents a ceremonial title, as in the case of st. alban, st. giles, and st. augustine, these names are to be arranged under the letters a and g respectively; but the places st. albans, st. giles's, and st. augustine's will be found under the prefix saint. the prefixes m' and mc to be arranged as if written in full--mac._ this rule is very frequently neglected, more particularly in respect to the neglect of the difference between saint alban the man and st. albans the place. 7. _peers to be arranged under their titles, by which alone in most cases they are known, and not under their family names, except in such a case as horace walpole, who is almost unknown by his title of earl of orford, which came to him late in life. bishops, deans, etc., to be always under their family names._ about this rule there is great difference of opinion. the british museum practice is to catalogue peers under their surnames, and the same plan has been adopted in the _dictionary of national biography_. it is rather difficult to understand how this practice has come into being. there are difficulties on both sides; but the great majority of peers are, i believe, known solely by their titles, and when these noblemen are entered under their family names cross references are required because very few persons know the family names of peers. the library association and bodleian rules adopt the common-sense plan of entering noblemen under their titles, and mr. cutter gives some excellent reasons for doing this, although he cannot make up his mind to run counter to a supposed well-established rule. mr. cutter writes: "stanhope philip dormer, 4th _earl of chesterfield_.... this is the british museum rule and mr. jewett's. mr. perkins prefers entry under titles for british noblemen also, in which i should agree with him if the opposite practice were not so well established. the reasons for entry under the title are that british noblemen are always spoken of, always sign by their titles only, and seldom put the family name upon the title-pages of their books, so that ninety-nine in a hundred readers must look under the title first. the reasons against it are that the founders of noble families are often as well known--sometimes even better--by their family name as by their titles (as charles jenkinson, afterwards lord liverpool; sir robert walpole, afterwards earl of orford); that the same man bears different titles in different parts of his life (thus p. stanhope published his _history of england from the peace of utrecht_ as lord mahon, and his _reign of queen anne_ as earl stanhope); that it separates members of the same family (lord chancellor eldon would be under eldon, and his father and all his brothers and sisters under the family name, scott), [mr. cutter forgot that lord eldon's elder brother william was also a peer--lord stowell] and brings together members of different families (thus the earldom of bath has been held by members of the families of chandã�â©, bourchier, granville and pulteney, and the family name of the present marquis of bath is thynne), which last argument would be more to the point in planning a family history." the advocates of the practice of arranging peers under their family names make much of the difficulties attendant on such changes of name as francis bacon, viscount st. alban's, benjamin disraeli (afterwards earl of beaconsfield), sir john lubbock (now lord avebury), and richard monckton milnes (afterwards lord houghton). these, doubtless, are difficulties, but i believe that they amount in all to very few as compared with the cases on the other side. this is a matter that might be settled by calculation, and it would be well worth while to settle it. mr. cutter says that ninety-nine in a hundred must look under the title first, but i doubt if the percentage be quite as high as this. if it were, it ought to be conclusive against any other arrangement than that under titles. moreover, these instances do not really meet the case, for they belong to another class, which has to be dealt with in cataloguing--that is, those who change their names. when a man succeeds to a peerage he changes his name just as a commoner may change his name in order to succeed to a certain property. 8. _foreign compound names to be arranged under the first name, as lacaze duthiers. english compound names under the last, except in such cases as royston-pigott, where the first name is a true surname. the first name in a foreign compound is, as a rule, the surname; but the first name in an english compound is usually a mere christian name._ this rule is open to some special difficulties. it can be followed with safety in respect to foreign names, but special knowledge is required in respect to english names. of late years a large number of persons have taken a fancy to bring into prominence their last christian name when it is obtained from a surname. they then hyphen their christian name with their surname, because they wish to be called by both. the smiths and the joneses commenced the practice, but others have followed their lead. the indexer has no means of telling whether in a hyphened name the first name is a real surname or not, and he needs to know much personal and family history before he can decide correctly. hyphens are used most recklessly nowadays, and the user has no thought of the trouble he gives to the indexer. if the christian name is hyphened to the surname, and all the family agree to use the two together as their surname, the indexer must treat the compound name as a true surname. often a hyphen is used merely to show that the person bearing the names wishes to be known by both, but with no intention of making the christian name into a surname. thus a father may not give all his children the same christian name, but change it for each individual, as one son may be james somerset-jones and another george balfour-jones. in such a case as this the hyphen is quite out of place, and jones must still be treated as the only surname. no one has a right to expect his christian name to be treated as a surname merely by reason of his joining the christian name to the surname by a hyphen. he must publicly announce his intention of treating his christian name as a surname, or change it by act of parliament. even when the name is legally changed, there is often room for confusion. the late mr. edward solly, f.r.s., who was very interested in these inquiries, drew my attention to the fact that the family of hesketh changed their name in 1806 to bamford by act of parliament, and subsequently obtained another act to change it back to hesketh. the present form of the family names is lloyd-hesketh-bamford-hesketh. with respect to spanish and portuguese names it is well to bear in mind that there are several surnames made from christian names, as, for instance, fernando is a christian name and fernandez is a surname, just as with us richard is a christian name and richards a surname. 9. _an adjective is frequently to be preferred to a substantive as a catchword; for instance, when it contains the point of the compound, as alimentary canal, english history; also when the compound forms a distinctive name, as soane museum._ the object of this rule is often overlooked, and many indexers purposely reject the use of adjectives as headings. one of the most marked instances of an opposite rule may be seen in the index to hare's _walks in london_ (1878), where all the alleys, bridges, buildings, churches, courts, houses, streets, etc., are arranged under these headings, and not under the proper name of each. there may be a certain advantage in some of these headings, but few would look for lisson grove under grove, and the climax of absurdity is reached when chalk farm is placed under farm. 10. _the entries to be as short as is consistent with intelligibility, but the insertion of names without specification of the cause of reference to be avoided, except in particular cases. the extent of the references, when more than one page, to be marked by indicating the first and last pages._ this rule requires to be carried out with judgment. few things are more annoying than a long string of references without any indication of the cause of reference, but on the other hand it is objectionable to come across a frivolous entry. the consulter is annoyed to find no additional information in the book to what is already given in the index. it will therefore be found best to set out the various entries in which some fact or opinion is mentioned, and then to gather together the remaining references under the heading of _alluded to_. the most extreme instances of annoying block lists of references under a name are to be found in ayscough's elaborate index to the _gentleman's magazine_, where all the references under one surname are placed together without even the distinction of the christian name. the late mr. edward solly made a curious calculation as to the time that would be employed in looking up these references. for instance, under the name smith there are 2,411 entries _en masse_, and with no initial letters. if there were these divisions, one would find zachary smith in a few minutes, but now one must look to each reference to find what is wanted. with taking down the volumes and hunting through long lists of names, mr. solly found that two minutes were occupied in looking up each reference; hence it might take the consulter eight days (working steadily ten hours a day) to find out if there be any note about zachary smith in the magazine, a task which no one would care to undertake. a like instance of bad indexing will be found in scott's edition of swift's _works_. here there are 638 references to robert harley, earl of oxford, without any indication of the reason why his name is entered in the index. this case also affords a good instance of careless indexing in another particular, for these references are separated under different headings instead of being gathered under one, as follows: harley (robert) 277 references. oxford (lord) 111 " treasurer, lord oxford 300 " the late mr. b. r. wheatley read a paper before the conference of librarians (1877) on this subject of indexes, without details of the reason or cause of reference, entitled, "an 'evitandum' in index-making, principally met with in french and german periodical scientific literature" (_transactions_, p. 88). he pointed out that often in german indexes the entries in the _sach register_ would be full and correct, while those in the _namen register_ would usually be meagre, and consist merely of the surnames of the authors and the initials of their christian names. he then referred to many instances of the uselessness of these indexes. he further referred to the forty so-called indexes of subjects added to allibone's valuable _critical dictionary of english literature_, which are practically useless. he concluded his paper with these words: "you are referred to the 'morals and manners' index for such varied subjects as apparitions, divorce, marriage, duelling, freemasonry, mormonism, mythology, spiritualism and witchcraft. there are 1,365 names in this index, and how are you to discover which belong to any of the above subjects without wading through the whole? it is, in fact, an entire system of indexing backwards from particulars to generals, instead of from generals to particulars. it is something like writing on a sign-post on the road to bath, 'to somersetshire,' and if in one phrase i were to add a characteristic entry to these sub-indexes, or to give one form of reference which should be typical of this style of index, i should say--needle, _see_ bottle of hay. you find the bottle of hay--but where is the needle?" the form in which the various entries in an index are to be drawn up is worthy of much attention, and particular care should be taken to expunge all redundant words. for example, it would be better to write: "smith (john), his character; his execution," than "smith (john), character of; execution of"; or "brown (robert) saves money," than "brown (robert), saving of money by." a good instance of the frivolous entry is the hackneyed quotation, "best (mr. justice), his great mind," which is supposed to be a reference to a passage in this form: "mr. justice best said that he had a great mind to commit the man for trial." this particular reference is almost too good to be true, and i have not been able to trace it to its source. that has been said to be in the index to one of chitty's law-books, and it is added that possibly chitty had a grudge against sir william draper best, one of the puisne judges of the king's bench from 1819 to 1824, and lord chief justice of the common pleas from 1824 to 1829, in which latter year he was created lord wynford. another explanation is that it was a joke of leigh hunt's, who first published it in the _examiner_. 11. _short entries to be repeated under such headings as are likely to be required, in place of a too frequent use of cross references. these references, however, to be made from cognate headings, as cerebral to brain, and vice versã�â¢, where the subject matter is different._ cross references are very useful, but they are not usually popular with those who are unaccustomed to them. they ought to be used where the number of references under a certain heading is large, but it is always better to duplicate the references than to refer too often to insignificant entries. 12. _in the case of journals and transactions brief abstracts of the contents of the several articles or papers to be drawn up and arranged in the alphabetical index under the heading of the article._ the advantage of this plan is that a _prã�â©cis_ can be made of the articles or papers which will be useful to the reader as containing an abstract of the contents, much of which might not be of sufficient importance to be sorted out in the alphabet; in the case where the entries are important they can be duplicated in the alphabet. a good specimen of this plan of indexing may be found in the indexes to the journal of the statistical society. 13. _authorities quoted or referred to in a book, to be indexed under each author's name, the titles of his works being separately set out and the word "quoted" added in italics._ this rule is quite clear, and there is nothing to be added to it. it is evident that all books quoted should be indexed. 14. _when the indexed page is large, or contains long lists of names, it is to be divided into four sections, referred to respectively as a, b, c, d; thus if a page contains 64 lines, 1-16 will be a, 17-32 b, 33-48 c, 49-64 d. if in double columns, the page is still to be divided into four--a and b forming the upper and lower halves of the first column, and c and d the upper and lower halves of the second column._ this division of the page will often be found very useful, and save much time to the consulter. 15. _when a work is in more than one volume, the number of the volume is to be specified by small roman numerals. in the case of long sets, such as the "gentleman's magazine," a special arabic numeral =for= indicating the volume, distinct from the page numeral, may be employed with advantage._ the frequent use of high numbers in roman capitals is very inconvenient. 16. _entries which refer to complete chapters or distinct papers, to be printed in small capitals or italics._ this is useful as indicating that the italic entry is of more importance than those in roman type. 17. _headings to be printed in a marked type. a dash, instead of indentation, to be used as a mark of repetition. the dash to be kept for entries exactly similar, and the word to be repeated when the second differs in any way from the first. the proper name to be repeated when that of a different person. in the case of joint authors, the christian name or initials of the first, whose surname is arranged in the alphabet, to be in parentheses, but the christian names of the second to be in the natural order, as smith (john) and alexander brown, not smith (john) and brown (alexander)._ dashes should be of a uniform length, and that length should not be too great. it is a mistake to suppose that the dash is to be the length of the line which is not repeated. if it be necessary to make the repetition of a portion of the title as well as the author, this should be indicated by another dash, and not by the elongation of the former one. the reason for the last direction in this rule is that the christian name is only brought back in order to make the alphabetical position of the surname clear; and as this is not necessary in respect to the second person, the names should remain in their natural order. the initials which stand for christian names often give much trouble, particularly among foreigners. most frenchmen use the letter m. to stand for monsieur, giving no christian name; but sometimes m. stands for michel or other christian name commencing with m. the germans are often very careless in the use of initials, and i have found in one index of a scientific periodical the following specimens of this confusion: (1) h. d. gerling, (2) h. w. brandes, (3) d. w. olbers. here all three cases look alike, but in the first h. d. represent two titles--herr doctor; in the second, h. w. represent two christian names--heinrich wilhelm; and in the third one title and one christian name--dr. w. olbers. the above rules do not apply to subject indexes, and in certain cases may need modification in accordance with the special character of the work to be indexed. on the whole, it may be said that an alphabetical index is the best; but under special circumstances it may be well to have a classified index. generally it may be said that there are special objections to classification, and therefore if a classified index is decided upon, it must needs be exceptional, and rules must be made for it by the maker of the index. in the foregoing rules no mention is made of the difficulties attendant on the use of oriental names. under "rules for a small library" in _how to catalogue a library_, i wrote: "7. oriental names to be registered in accordance with the system adopted by a recognised authority on the subject." this, however, is only shifting the responsibility. in an ordinary english index this point is not likely to give much trouble, and the rule may be safely adopted of registration under the first name. but where there are many names to be dealt with, difficulties are sure to arise. in india the last name is usually adopted, and the forenames are frequently contracted into initials, so that it is obligatory to use this name. we must never forget the practical conclusion that a man's real name is that by which he is known. but the indexer's difficulty in a large number of cases is that he does not know what that name is. sir george birdwood has kindly drawn up for me the following memorandum on the subject, which is of great value, from the interesting historical account of the growth of surnames in india under british rule which he gives. on the indexing of the names of eastern people. confining myself to the people--parsees, hindoos, and mussulmans (_muslimin_)--of india, i find it very difficult to state an unexceptionable rule for the indexing of their names; and i index them in the order in which they are signed by the people themselves. the first or forename of a parsee or a hindoo, but not of a mussulman if he be a pathan, is his own personal or, as we say, "christian"--that is, baptismal or "water"--name; and their second their father's personal name, and not his family or, as we say, "blood" name, or true surname. the naming of individuals in the successive generations of a parsee or hindoo, and certain mussulmanee families, runs thus: a. g., n. a., u. n., and so on, the grandfather's name disappearing in the third generation. the parsees only in comparatively recent times adopted family or true surnames derived from the personal or paternal names, or both, of the first distinguished member of the family, or from his occupation or place of residence, or from some notable friend or patron of his, or from some title conferred on him by the ruler whose subject he was. thus the patels of bombay are descended from rustom (the son of) dorabjee, who, for the assistance he gave the english in 1692 against the seedee of junjeera, was created, by _sanad_ (_i.e._ patent), _patel_ (_i.e._ mayor) of the coolees of bombay. the parsee ashburners derive their patronymic from an ancestor in the early part of the late century, the friend and associate of a well-known english gentleman then resident in western india. the bhownaggrees take their name from an ancestor, a wealthy _jaghirdar_, who in 1744 built a tank of solid stone for public use at bhavnagar in kattyawar, and also from their later official connection with this well-known "model native state." the jamsetjee jejeebhoys and comasjee jehanghiers derive their double-barreled surnames from the first baronet and knight, respectively, of these two eminent parsee families. other well-known parsee surnames are albless, bahadurjee, banajee, bengalee, bhandoopwala, bharda, cama (or kama), dadysett, damanwala, gamadia, gazdar, ghandi, kapadia, karaka, khabrajee, kharagat, kohiyar, marzban, modee, petit (sir dinshaw manockjee petit, first baronet of this name), panday, parak, sanjana, sayar, seth, sethna, shroff, talyarkan, wadia. some of their surnames are very eccentric, such as doctor, ready-money, solicitor, etc., and should be abolished. there is actually a dr. solicitor. the interesting point about the parsee surnames is that when first introduced, through the influence of their close contact with the english, they were not absolutely hereditary, but were changed after a generation or two. thus the present bhownaggrees used, at one time, the surname of compadore, from the office so designated held by one of their ancestors under the portuguese. the hindoos have always had surnames, and jealously guard their authenticity and continuity in the traditions of their families, although they do not, even yet in western india, universally use them in public. their personal and paternal names are derived, among the higher castes, from the names of the gods, the thousand and one names of vishnoo and seeva, of ganesha, etc., and from the names of well-known mythological heroes, historical saints, etc., the name selected being one the initial of which indicates the lunar asterism (_nakshatra_) under which the child (_i.e._ a son) is born; but their surnames have a tribal, or, as in the case of the parsees, a local, or official, or some other merely accidental, origin. if, then, we had only to deal with the hindoos and parsees, they might be readily indexed under their surnames. but when we come to the indian mussulmans the problem is at once seen to be beset with perplexities which seem to me impossible to unravel. the indian mussulmans--indeed all _muslimin_--are classified as sayeds, sheikhs, mo(n)gols, and pathans. the sayeds (literally, "nobles," "lords") are the descendants of the prophet mahomet, through his son-in-law allee; those descended through fatima being distinguished as sayed hussanee and sayed hooseinee, and those from his other wives as sayed allee. the first name given to a mussulman of this class is the _quasi_-surname sayed or meer (also, literally, "nobleman," "lord"), followed by the personal name and the paternal name; but these _quasi_-surnames often fall into disuse after manhood has been reached. the sheikhs (literally, "chiefs"),--and all _muslimin_ descended from mahomet and aboo bukeer and oomur are sheikhs,--have one or other of the following surnames placed before or after their personal and paternal names: abd, allee, bukhs, goolam, khoaja, sheikh. but as sayeds are also all sheikhs, they sometimes, on attaining manhood, assume the surname of sheikh, dropping that of sayed, or meer, given to them at birth. the mo(n)gols, whether of the persian (eranee) sect of sheeahs, or the turkish (tooranee) sect of soonnees, have placed before, or after, their personal and paternal names, one or other of the following surnames: aga ("lord"), beg ("lord"), meerza, and mo(n)gol. but in persia both sayeds and sheikhs assume, instead of their proper patronymics, the surname of aga, or beg, or mo(n)gol; while mo(n)gols whose mothers are sayeds are given the pre, or post, surname of meerza. the pathans have the surname khan ("lord") placed invariably after their personal and paternal names. but sayeds and sheikhs often have the word khan placed after their class, personal, and paternal names--not, however, as a surname, but as a complimentary or substantial title, pure and simple. again, all classes of _muslimin_, and the hindoos also, and even the parsees, are in the habit of adding all sorts of complimentary and substantial titles both before and after their names. how, then, is it possible to apply any one rightly reasoned rule to the indexing of such names, or any but the arbitrary rule of thumb:--to index them in the order in which the bearer of them places them in his signature to letters, cheques, and other documents? this gets over all the embarrassing difficulties created by the paraphernalia of a man's official designations, complimentary--or substantial, titles, etc. take, for example, this transcript of a hypothetical hindoo official's visiting-card: "dewan sahib" (official and courtesy titles). "rajashri" (special social title). "a." (personal name). "b." (paternal name). "z." (family or true surname). no englishman unfamiliar with the etiquettes of indian personal nomenclature could possibly index such a card as this with intelligent correctness. but this hindoo gentleman would simply sign himself in a private letter, "a. b. z." (_i.e._ a., the son of b., of the clan of z.), and so he should be indexed. the personal names of _muslimin_ also have for the most part an astronomical association, being generally selected from those beginning with the initial or finial letter of the name of the planet ruling the day on which the child (_i.e._ a son) is born. i presume that what i have here said of the methods of naming the indian mussulmans also applies to the _muslimin_ of persia and central asia and turkey and arabia; but beyond these countries i have no information as to the methods of naming people in the other oriental indies, such as ceylon, burmah, china, and japan. as to the transliteration of oriental personal names, i always accept that followed by the person bearing them. i have put the matter as briefly as possible, and almost too briefly for absolute accuracy of expression; and it will be noted i say nothing of local exceptions to the general rule regulating hindoo names of persons; and, again, nothing of female names, hindoo, mussulmanee, or parsee. george birdwood. _january 9, 1902._ [illustration] [illustration] chapter vii. how to set about the index. "and thus by god's assistance we have finished our table. miraculous almost was the execution done by david on the amalekites who saved neither man nor woman alive to bring tidings to gath. i cannot promise such exactness in our index, that no name hath escaped our enquiry: some few, perchance, hardly slipping by, may tell tales against us. this i profess, i have not, in the language of some modern quartermaster, wilfully burnt towns, and purposely omitted them; and hope that such as have escaped our discovering, will only upon examination appear either not generally agreed on, by authors, for proper names, or else by proportion falling without the bounds of palestine, soli deo gloria."--thomas fuller. [illustration: r]ules are needed for index making in order to obtain uniformity, but the mode of working must to a large extent be left to the indexer. most of us have our own favourite ways of doing things, and it is therefore absurd to dictate to others how to set to work. if we employ any one to do a certain work, we are entitled to expect it to be well done; but we ought to allow the worker to adopt his own mode of work. some men will insist not only on the work being well done, but also upon their way of doing it. this takes the spirit out of the worker, and is therefore most unwise. still, i have found that those who are unaccustomed to index work are anxious to be informed how to proceed. the following notes are therefore only intended as hints for the use of those who wish for them, and need not be acted upon if the reader has a plan that he finds better suited for his purpose. two essentially different kinds of index must be considered first: (1) there is the index which is always growing; and (2) there is the index that is made at one time, and is printed immediately it is ready for the press. the same course of procedure will not be suitable for both these classes. 1. indexes to commonplace books belong to this category. it has been usual here to leave a few pages blank for the index, and to arrange the entries in strict alphabetical order under the first letters and then under the first vowel following a consonant, or the second, when the initial is a vowel. this is highly inconvenient and confusing, especially when words without a second vowel, as _ash_ and _epps_, are placed at the head of each letter, _ash_ coming before _adam_ and _abel_, and _epps_ before _ebenezer_. it is better to spare a few more pages for the index, and plan the alphabet out so that the entries may come in their correct alphabetical order. unfortunately the blank index is usually set out according to this absurd vowel system. commonplace books are now, however, very much out of fashion. a better system of note-keeping is to use paper of a uniform size, to write each distinct note on a separate sheet of paper, and to fasten the slips of paper together by means of clips. if this plan is adopted, the notes are much more easily consulted, and they can be rearranged as often as is necessary. now the index can be made on cards, or a special alphabeticised[19] book can be set aside for the purpose. cards of a uniform size, kept in trays or boxes, are very convenient for the purpose of making an ever-growing index. you can make a general index in one alphabet, and when you have any special subject on hand, you can choose out the particular cards connected with that subject, and arrange them in a distinct alphabet. when the distinct alphabet is no longer required, the cards can be rearranged in the general alphabet. cards are unquestionably the most convenient for an index that is ever changing in volume and in form. rearrangement can be made without the trouble of re-writing the entries. [19] some may consider this a monstrous word; but it conveys a convenient description of blank books with the alphabet marked on the leaves of the book either cut in or with tablets projecting from the margin. 2. for an index which is made straight off at one time, and sent to the printer when finished, foolscap paper is probably the most convenient to use. the pages as written upon can be numbered, and this will relieve the mind of the indexer of fear that any of these should be lost. the numbering will serve till the time comes for the index to be cut up and arranged. some indexers use separate slips of a uniform size, or cards, with a single entry on each slip. although this plan has the advantage that you can keep your index in alphabetical order as you go along, which is sometimes convenient for reference, it is, on the whole, a cumbersome one for an index, although it is almost essential for a catalogue. in the present day when paper is so cheap, it is well to use fresh sheets all of the same size--either quarto post or foolscap. some persons are so absurdly economical as to use the blank sides of used paper, such as envelopes, etc., so that their manuscript is of all sizes and will never range. it is necessary to warn such persons that they lose more time by the inconvenient form of their paper than they gain by not buying new material. in general practice the most convenient plan is to make your index straight on, using the paper you have chosen. another plan is to use a portfolio of parchment with an alphabet cut on the leaves, and with guards to receive several leaves of foolscap under each letter. thus every entry can be written at once in first letters. where there are many large headings this is very convenient, and time is saved by entering the various references on the same folio without the constant repetition of the same heading. possibly the most convenient method is to unite the two plans. those references which we know to belong to large headings can be entered on the folios in the alphabetical guard-book, and the rest can be written straight through on the separate leaves. before commencing his work, the indexer must think out the plan and the kind of index he is to produce; he will then consider how he is to draw out the references. whatever system is adopted, it is well to bear in mind that the indexer should obtain some knowledge of the book he is about to index before he sets to work. the following remarks by lord thring may be applied to other subjects than law: "a complete knowledge of the whole _law_ is required before he begins to make the index, for until he can look down on the entire field of law before him, he cannot possibly judge of the proper arrangement of the headings or of the relative importance of the various provisions." during his work the indexer must constantly ask himself what it is for which the consulter is likely to seek. the author frequently uses periphrases to escape from the repetition of the same fact in the same form, but these periphrases will give little information when inserted as headings in an index; and it is in this point of selecting the best catchword that the good indexer will show his superiority over the commonplace worker. this paramount characteristic of the good indexer is by no means an easy one to acquire. when the indexer is absorbed in the work upon which he is working, he takes for granted much with which the consulter coming fresh to the subject is not familiar. the want of this characteristic is most marked in the case of the bad indexer. in printing references to the entries in an index it is important to make a distinction between the volume and the page; this is done best by printing the number of the volumes in roman letters and the page in arabic numerals. when, however, the volumes are numerous, the roman letters become cumbersome, and mistakes are apt to occur, so that one is forced to use arabic numerals; and in order to distinguish between volume and page, the numbers of the volumes must be printed in solid black type. when a book is often reprinted in different forms it would be well to refer to chapters and paragraphs, so that the same index would do for all editions. the paragraphs in dr. jessopp's edition of north's _lives of the norths_ are numbered, but they are not numbered throughout. the references are very confusing and require a key. thus, p stands for preface; f for life of the lord keeper; d, life of dudley; j, life of dr. john; r, autobiography of roger, and also notes; r l, letters from lady north; r i, letters from roger north; and s, supplementary. in the letters the references are to pages and not to paragraphs. with such a complicated system, one is tempted to leave the index severely alone. this is the more annoying in that the index is not a long one, and the pages might have been inserted without any great trouble. much confusion has been caused by reprinting an index for one edition in a later one without alteration. an instance may be given by citing the reprint of whitelock's _memorials_, published at the university press, oxford, in 1853. the original edition is in one volume folio (1682, reprinted 1732), and the new edition is in four volumes octavo. but to save expense the old index was printed to the new book. the difficulty was in part got over by giving the pages of the 1732 edition in the margin; but as may be imagined, it is a most troublesome business to find anything by this means. moreover, the old index is not a good one, but thoroughly bad, with all the old misprints retained in the new edition. as a specimen of the extreme inaccuracy of the compilation, it may be mentioned that under one heading of thirty-four entries mr. edward peacock detected seven blunders. although mr. peacock had no statistics of the other entries, his experience led him to believe that if any heading were taken at random, about one in four of the entries would be found to be misprinted. in the case of a large index it is necessary to take into consideration the greatly increased work connected with arrangement. the amount of this may be said to increase in geometrical rather than in arithmetical progression. when the indexer comes to the last page of a great book he rejoices to have finished his work; but he will find by experience, when he calculates the arrangement of his materials, that he has scarcely done more than half of what is before him. if cards or separate slips are used, these will only need to be arranged for the press; but if sheets of paper have been, written upon, these will have to be cut up. there is little to be said about this, but it is worth giving the hint that much time is saved if shears or large scissors are used, so that the whole width of paper may be severed in two cuts. in the case of a small index there is little difficulty with material, for it can be arranged at once into first letters, and when the table is cleared of the slips these can be placed in the pages of an ordinary book to keep them distinct, and can then be sorted in perfect alphabet and pasted down. in the case of a large index it will be necessary to place the slips in a safer place. large envelopes are useful receptacles for first letters; and when the slips are placed in them, the indexer will feel at ease and sure that none will be lost. it is well to go through the whole of the envelopes of first letters and sort the slips into second and third letters before the pasting is commenced, so that you may know that the order is correct, or make such alterations as are necessary before it is too late. the final perfect alphabetical arrangement can be made when the slips are placed on the table ready to be pasted. the sorting of slips into alphabetical order seems a simple matter which scarcely needs any particular directions; still such have been made. the late mr. charles f. blackburn, who had had a considerable experience, gave some instruction for sorting slips in his _hints on catalogue titles_ (1884). he wrote: "having never seen in print any directions for putting titles into alphabetical order, i venture to describe the system i have been accustomed to use. first sort the entire heap into six heaps, which will lie before you thus: a--d e--h i--m n--r s t--z. then take the heap a--d and sort it into its component letters, after which each letter can be brought into shape by use of the plan first applied to the whole alphabet. it is best to go on with the second process until you have the whole alphabet in separate letters, because if you brought a, for example, into its component parts and put them into alphabetical order, you might not impossibly find some a's among the later letters--one of the inevitable accidents of sorting quickly. with this hint or two the young cataloguer will easily find his way; and various devices for doing this or that more handily are sure to suggest themselves in the course of practice. the great thing is to be started." the latter part of this extract is good advice, but i think it is a mistake to make two operations of the sorting in first letters, for it can be done quite easily in one. the following suggestion made by mr. blackburn is a good one, and is likely to save the very possible mixture of some of the heaps: "in my own practice i have got into a way of letting the slips fall on the table at an angle of forty-five degrees. then, if the accumulation of titles should cause the heaps to slide, they will run into one another distinct, so that they can be separated instantly without sorting afresh." i have never myself found any difficulty in sorting out into first letters at one time, and it soon becomes easy to place the slips in their proper heaps without any thought. mr. f. b. perkins, of the boston public library, however, in his paper on "book indexes" gives some good directions which are worth quoting here: "next alphabet them by initial letters. this process is usually best done by using a diagram or imaginary frame of five rows of five letters each, on which to put the titles at this first handling. the following arrangement of printers' dashes will show what i mean. (the letters placed at the left hand of the first row and right hand of the last indicate well enough where the rest belong.) a ---------------u b ---------------v c ---------------w d ---------------x e ---------------yz."[20] [20] _public libraries in the united states._ special report. part i., 1876, p. 730. when the alphabetical arrangement is completed so far as the indexer considers it necessary for his purpose, it is time to think of the pasting down of the slips. this can be done in several ways, and the operator will doubtless choose that which suits him best. as already remarked, men will always find out the way most agreeable to themselves, and it is unwise to insist on others following our way in preference to their own. the human mind is capable of interesting itself in almost anything it may undertake; but indexing cannot be other than hard work, and it is unfair to make it harder by fixing unnecessary limits. the worker is always happier at his work if he is allowed to do it in his own way. the first thing to settle is as to the paper upon which the index is to be pasted. a very large-sized paper is inconvenient, and foolscap or quarto is the best for constant handling,--all the pages should be of exactly the same size. sometimes it is necessary to have a small margin, but generally the width of the paper used for the index should be followed. there is no greater mistake than to study economy in the use of paper for pasting on. some persons have facilities for the use of wastepaper that has been printed on on one side, and, not having been used, is in good order and of equal size. some persons cut up newspapers, but this is a practice not to be recommended, not only on account of the print, but because the paper is generally so abominably bad and tearable. if the wastepaper referred to above is not within reach, it is well to buy a good printing-paper, which can be cut into the size required. there are, however, many cheap papers already machine-cut into the size required, which can easily be obtained. some with the love of saving strong upon them cut up newspapers into lengths of about four inches wide, and paste the slips upon these, with the result that all the ragged ends give continual trouble, and are apt to be torn away. of all savings, this is the most ill-advised. although the "copy" is to be printed from at once, and will soon become useless, it is a great comfort to have material that is convenient to handle while it is required. some thought may also be given to the compositor, whose life will be made a burden to him if you send him "copy" with all the ends loose. it is also well to keep the pages as flat as possible, so that a heap of these do not wobble about, but keep together smooth and tidy. sometimes it may be desirable to paste only on half the paper, so as to have room for additional entries. if this is done, the side must be altered periodically, or the pages will slip about and give endless trouble. when the index is in course of arrangement the greatest care must be taken that none of the slips are lost, for such a loss is almost irreparable--first because you do not know when a slip goes astray; and even if you do know of your loss it is almost impossible to remedy it, as you have no clue to the place from which the slip came. there will always be anxiety to the indexer while his work is being cut up and sorted. a breeze from a window when a door is opened may blow some of his slips away. too many of the slips should not be allowed on the table at one time, and the indexer will feel the greatest comfort when he knows that his slips are safely reposing in their several envelopes. all queries should also be kept in envelopes, and each envelope should be inscribed with a proper description of its contents. when the slips are pasted down they are safe--that is if they have been affixed securely to the paper. having made these general observations, we may now proceed to consider how to paste. it seems a very simple matter, that requires no directions; but even here a few remarks may not be out of place. when your paper is ready in a pile of about fifty pages, each page numbered in its proper sequence, you can proceed to work. for the purpose of laying down slips on uniform pages at one time, paste is the only satisfactory material. gum will only be used by the inexperienced. it cannot be used satisfactorily on large surfaces, like paste, and when it oozes up between the slips it is stickier and does more damage in fixing the pages together than paste does. you might as well fix paperhangings on your walls with gum. as to paste, if you have a long job on hand it is better to have it made at home, of a good consistency, but not too thick. it ought to run freely from the brush. a good cook will make good paste, but if you are specially particular you can make it yourself. if you require it to last for any time, you must add a little alum; but when you have a big index before you, you will use a bowl of paste in an evening, and there is therefore no question as to keeping. "stickphast" is a very good material; it sticks well and keeps well, and it is an excellent adjunct to the writing-table, but it is not suitable for pasting down a long index. it is too dear, it is too thick, and it is too lumpy. if the paste is made at home, it need not be lumpy; and lumps, when you are pasting, are irritating to the last degree. the paper and the paste being ready, with a fair-sized brush to spread the paste, we come to consider how best to proceed with the work in hand. you require a good-sized table,--a large board on tressels in an empty room is the best, but a dining-table will serve. at the extreme right of the table you place the batch of paper upon which you are about to paste, and then sort your slips in perfect order, ranging them in columns from right to left. the object of thus going backwards is to save you from passing over several columns as you take the slips off the table, and, instead, going straight on. you can push your batch of paper on as the various columns successively disappear. more slips should not be set out than you can paste at one sitting, as it is not well to leave the slips loose on the table. of course, you can paste from the left side if you wish, and then the columns will range from left to right; but this is not so convenient for continued arrangement of the columns of slips as you require them. there are more ways than one in placing the paste upon the paper; the most usual way is to paste down the two sides of the paper just the width of the slips, and some add a stroke down the middle. another way is to put a plentiful supply of paste on a page or board, and then to place the back of each slip upon this. if you place your fingers on the two ends and press them towards the middle, the slip will be ready to be placed in its proper position, having taken up just sufficient paste. a still different plan is to paste the board or paper as in the previous case, and then place the face of the whole page on this. you then take it off, and, placing the dry side on the batch of paper, proceed to affix the slips to it. the advantage of the two last processes is that the paper is not so wet as in the first-mentioned plan, and in consequence the paper does not curl so much, but lies flatter. in the first place the sheets must be set out separately on the floor to dry, so that they may not stick together, but this is not so necessary in the two latter processes. some indexers strongly object to pasting. this was the case with mr. e. h. malcolm, who wrote thus to _notes and queries_: "i long ago discovered the cause of imperfections in my own work. it was the 'cutting into slips' and 'laying down' processes. the fact is you cannot be sure of preserving the cuttings or slips, if very numerous; they are almost certain to get mixed or lost, or elude you somehow. my remedy is this. i now take cheap notepaper and write one entry only on each leaf. having compiled my index thus from a to z, i arrange my slips and manipulate them as i would a pack of cards, although shuffling only for the purpose of getting the arrangement of the letters right. thus i save myself all the labour and trouble of pasting or laying down the slips in analytical order. i do not mind a little extra expenditure of paper by only entering one item on every slip, for i am compensated for the appearance of bulk by finding that i have secured order and arrangement free from the consequences of a finical arrangement of the slips and a dirty and tiresome labour of pasting down."[21] [21] 5th s., vi. 114 (1876). as already pointed out in these pages, mr. malcolm is quite right respecting slips for a growing index; but when it comes to sending the "copy" to the printer the case is different. here there is more safety in the pasted down slips, which are less likely to be lost than the loose ones even when numbered. as you proceed in your work you may wish to know how far your index agrees with other indexes in its proportion of letters, and to calculate what proportion of the whole you have already done. some calculations as to the relative extent of the different letters have been made. thus b is the largest letter in an index of proper names, but loses its pre-eminence in an index of subjects; and s takes high rank in both classes. mr. f. a. curtis,[22] of the eagle insurance office, made in 1858 a calculation of the relative proportions of the different letters of the alphabet in respect to proper names. he described his object in a letter entitled, "on the best method of constructing an index." he wrote that, having had occasion to construct an index of the lives assured in the "eagle" company, he had drawn up a few observations upon the subject. "the requirements of an index and the proportions of its several parts are the two principal questions to be considered. under the first head it may be observed that the index of a company upon a large scale should afford as much abstract information as possible. those who refer to it do so with different views, for the objects of their inquiry must necessarily vary with their respective duties. it is therefore desirable that the index should be constructed with a view to provide for the wants of each person, so far, at least, as to enable him to obtain information in the most direct way; and it will be proper to insert in the index particulars some of which do not usually find a place in such a book. let it be supposed that an individual signing his name 'j. smith' inquires about the bonus, premium, or assignment, etc., of his policy, without stating either number, date, or amount. this is not an unusual case, and it will serve to illustrate my meaning by showing the nature of the difficulties which have to be encountered. j. may stand for john, james, joseph, etc. there will probably be many of each kind in connection with the like surname, and it would be very difficult to discover, without a tedious investigation, to which policy j. smith refers, unless the individuality of each person recorded in the index under that name be distinctly shown. the 'locality' of the assurance might be adopted as a mark of distinction; and we should in many instances be able to fix upon the right name by simply comparing the address of the writer with the place where the policy was effected." [22] _assurance magazine_, vol. viii., 1860, pp. 54-7. this is a most valuable suggestion to all indexers. many persons, to save trouble at the time, write initials instead of full christian names. it should be a rule always to write these in full. when the index comes to be printed, the christian names can be contracted if it is necessary to save space. the most important matter in the arrangement of an index is to avoid the confusion of two persons as one, and the possibility of making this blunder is greatly increased by the use of initials instead of full names. in the _british museum catalogue_ it has been found necessary in many cases to add particulars to distinguish between men with the same names. mr. curtis goes on to say: "with regard to the second part of this subject--_i.e._ the proportions of the several parts of the index--i may observe that the most useful mode of division appears to me to be that which is adopted by many offices--namely, to classify the surname under its first letter, and to subdivide according to the first vowel thereafter, adopting the first subdivision for such names as 'ash,' 'epps,' etc., which have no succeeding vowel." this, however, is a very unnatural arrangement, and has been, i believe, very generally given up. it is therefore unnecessary to refer further to mr. curtis's calculations of the proportions of the vowels in the subdivisions. calculations can be made for the subdivision of the complete alphabet with a better result. of course, in the case of initial vowels the following consonants have most to be considered, and in initial consonants the following vowels. mr. curtis's calculations respecting the first letters of surnames are of much value. he used the commercial lists of the _post office london directory_, and compared them with liverpool, hull, manchester, sheffield, birmingham, and bristol directories, and with three lists of different assurance companies; and after making his calculations from nearly 233,000 surnames, he found the total average very similar in its result. mr. william davis made similar calculations from the _clergy list_, which came out much the same. these he contributed to _notes and queries_,[23] and subsequently he made a further calculation from french names.[24] [23] 2nd s., vi. 496. [24] 3rd s., iv. 371. i have united these results in one table as follows: mr. curtis. clergy list. french names. a 3ã�â·1 3ã�â·1 2ã�â·9 b 10ã�â·9 11ã�â·3 11ã�â·5 c 8ã�â·5 7ã�â·9 9ã�â·2 d 4ã�â·3 4ã�â·7 10ã�â·7 e 2ã�â·4 2ã�â·5 0ã�â·9 f 3ã�â·6 3ã�â·1 3ã�â·9 g 5ã�â·1 4ã�â·6 7ã�â·4 h 8ã�â·6 9ã�â·3 3ã�â·5 i, j 3ã�â·2 3ã�â·5 2ã�â·4 k 2ã�â·0 1ã�â·8 6ã�â·4 l 4ã�â·7 4ã�â·3 10ã�â·8 m 6ã�â·7 6ã�â·9 8ã�â·8 n 2ã�â·0 1ã�â·6 1ã�â·2 o 1ã�â·0 1ã�â·1 0ã�â·6 p 5ã�â·9 6ã�â·1 6ã�â·7 q 0ã�â·2 0ã�â·0 0ã�â·3 r 4ã�â·6 4ã�â·4 5ã�â·3 s 9ã�â·7 7ã�â·7 4ã�â·3 t 4ã�â·0 4ã�â·4 3ã�â·3 u, v 1ã�â·0 1ã�â·3 3ã�â·2 w 7ã�â·9 8ã�â·3 0ã�â·8 x 0ã�â·0 0ã�â·0 0ã�â·0 y 0ã�â·5 0ã�â·4 0ã�â·1 z 0ã�â·1 0ã�â·0 0ã�â·0 it will be noticed that b is strongest in all three, and c is fairly equal. s is smaller in french names, but probably would be much larger in german names. h and w are also much smaller in french, while d and l are much larger. the preponderance of the latter letters is of course caused by the large number of names beginning with _de_ and _la_. indexes are not confined to proper names, and therefore it is necessary to add some calculations as to the proportions of the several letters in indexes of subjects. the following table is formed from three large indexes, each different in character. i. represents gough's _index to the publications of the parker society_, which may be taken as a very good standard index. the subjects are very varied, and there are no specially long headings; it also contains proper names as well as subjects. ii. represents an index of subjects in civil engineering which contains a good number of large headings. iii. represents the index to the minutes of a public board, and also contains a considerable proportion of large headings. it will be seen that the numbers vary so considerably as to be of very little practical value. the percentages are, i think, interesting, but they show conclusively that indexes will vary so considerably that in order to obtain a satisfactory percentage a separate calculation will have to be made in each case. large headings will vitiate any average; in fact, i have lately had to do with an index in which r was the largest letter, on account of such extensive headings as _railways_ and _roads_. one striking point in the averages is that b is found to be displaced from the pre-eminent position it occupies in the percentages of proper names. i. ii. iii. a 10ã�â·67 2ã�â·63 5ã�â·58 b 6ã�â·94 5ã�â·07 6ã�â·28 c 15ã�â·63 8ã�â·26 8ã�â·84 d 2ã�â·48 4ã�â·50 4ã�â·65 e 3ã�â·23 6ã�â·94 11ã�â·39 f 2ã�â·85 3ã�â·38 1ã�â·63 g 4ã�â·34 3ã�â·56 1ã�â·86 h 4ã�â·34 3ã�â·19 2ã�â·09 i 1ã�â·74 2ã�â·72 1ã�â·39 j 3ã�â·97 0ã�â·14 0ã�â·46 k 0ã�â·74 0ã�â·05 0ã�â·23 l 5ã�â·58 4ã�â·97 15ã�â·12 m 5ã�â·71 5ã�â·82 7ã�â·67 n 1ã�â·37 0ã�â·19 0ã�â·93 o 1ã�â·74 1ã�â·31 1ã�â·63 p 9ã�â·31 6ã�â·75 7ã�â·67 q 0ã�â·12 0ã�â·94 0ã�â·47 r 2ã�â·48 12ã�â·38 8ã�â·14 s 8ã�â·44 13ã�â·32 8ã�â·14 t 3ã�â·60 5ã�â·72 1ã�â·40 u 0ã�â·50 0ã�â·05 0ã�â·47 v 0ã�â·99 0ã�â·61 2ã�â·33 w 2ã�â·61 7ã�â·41 1ã�â·51 x 0ã�â·03 0ã�â·00 0ã�â·00 y 0ã�â·22 0ã�â·00 0ã�â·00 z 0ã�â·37 0ã�â·09 0ã�â·06 ----- ----- ----- 100ã�â·00 100ã�â·00 100ã�â·00 when the whole index is pasted down it is not yet ready for the printer, as it will require to be marked for the instruction of the compositor. the printer will have general instructions as to the kind of type to be used and the plan to be adopted, but it will be necessary to mark out those words that are not to be repeated and to insert lines indicating repetition. there are also sure to be little alterations in wording, necessitated by the coming together of the slips, which could not be foreseen when the slips were first written out. in a large work it is probable that your employers are importunate for "copy," and you will be urged to send this to the printer as you have it ready. if possible, it should be kept to the end, so that you may look over it as a whole, and so see that the same subjects are not in more places than one. you will probably have to make modifications in your plan as you go along, and this may cause difficulties which you will now be able to set right. much of the value of an index depends upon the mode in which it is printed, and every endeavour should be made to set it out with clearness. it was not the practice in old indexes to bring the indexed word to the front, but to leave it in its place in the sentence, so that the alphabetical order was not made perceptible to the eye. there is a great deal to arrange in preparing for the press. lines of repetition are often a source of blundering, specimens of which have already been given. the dash should not be too long, and very often space is saved and greater clearness is obtained by putting the general heading on a line by itself, and slightly indenting the following entries. black type for headings and for the references to volume and page add much to the clearness of an index, but some persons have a decided objection to the spottiness that is thus given to the page. tastes differ so much in respect to printing that it is not possible to indicate the best style to be adopted, and so each must choose for himself. one point, however, is of the greatest importance, and that is where a heading is continued over leaf it should be repeated with the addition of _continued_ at the end of the heading. it is not unusual in such cases to see the dash used at the top of the page, which is absurd. when the index has been put into print, the indexer has still to correct the press, and this is not always an easy matter, as the printer is scarcely likely to have understood all the necessarily elaborate and complicated marks used in preparing for the press. it will therefore still be some time before the end is in sight, and probably the indexer will see cause to agree with my statement on a former page, that in the case of a large index, when the indexing of the book itself is completed, little more than half of the total work is done. [illustration] [illustration] chapter viii. general or universal index. "when baillet, the learned author of the _jugemens des savans_, was appointed by m. de lamoignon keeper of the exquisite library collected by that nobleman, he set to work to compile an index of the contents of all the books contained in it, and this he is said to have completed in august, 1682. after this date, however, the index continued to grow, and it extended to thirty-two folio volumes, all written by baillet's own hand." [illustration: a]s knowledge increases and books and magazines gather in number, the need for many indexes becomes daily more evident. we often are certain that something has been written on a subject in which we are interested, but in vain we seek for a clue to it. we want a key to all this ever-increasing literature. as long ago as 1842 the late thomas watts, of the british museum, one of the most learned and all-knowing of librarians, spoke to the late dr. greenhill of hastings on the need for the formation of an index society. this date i give on the authority of dr. greenhill. mr. watts was a perfect index in himself, and few inquirers sought information from him which his fully stored mind was not able to supply; and he was not jealous of the printed index, as some authorities are. twelve years after--in 1854--an announcement was made in _notes and queries_ of the projected formation of a "society for the formation of a general literary index." in the 2nd series, vol. i., p. 486, the late mr. thomas jones, who signed himself "bibliothecar. chetham.," commenced a series of articles, which he continued for several years, as a contribution to this general index; but nothing more was heard of the society. inquiries were made in various numbers of _notes and queries_, but no response was obtained. in 1876 a contributor to the same periodical, signing himself "a. h.," proposed the formation of a staff of index compilers. in 1874 the late professor stanley jevons published his _principles of science_. in the chapter on classification he enlarged on the value of indexes, and added: "the time will perhaps come when our views upon this subject will be extended, and either government or some public society will undertake the systematic cataloguing and indexing of masses of historical and scientific information, which are now almost closed against inquiry" (1st ed., vol. ii., p. 405; 2nd ed., p. 718). in the following year mr. edward solly and i, without having then seen this passage, consulted as to the possibility of starting an index society, but postponed the actual carrying out of the scheme for a time. in july of this same year, 1875, mr. j. ashton cross argued in a pamphlet that a universal index might be formed by co-operation through a clearing-house, and would pay if published in separate parts. in september, 1877, some letters by mr. w. j. thoms, who signed himself "a lover of indexes," were published in the _pall mall gazette_, in which the foundation of an index society was strongly urged. in october, 1877, mr. cross read a paper before the conference of librarians, which was a revival of the scheme previously suggested. mr. robert harrison, late secretary of the london library, in a report of the conference of librarians published in the _athenã�â¦um_ for october 13th, 1877, wrote: "could not a permanent index society be founded with the support of voluntary contributions of money as well as of subject matter? in this way a regular staff could be set to work, under competent direction, and could be kept steadily at work until its performances became so generally known and so useful as to enable it to stand alone and be self-supporting. many readers would readily jot down the name of any new subject they met with in the book before them, and the page on which it occurs, and forward their notes to be sorted and arranged by any society that would undertake the work." mr. justin winsor, the late distinguished librarian of harvard university, writing to the _athenã�â¦um_, said: "we have been in america striving for years to get some organised body to undertake this very work." following on all this correspondence, the index society was founded; but after doing some useful work it was amalgamated with the index library founded by mr. phillimore, having failed from want of popular support. this want of permanent success was probably owing to its aim being too general. those who were interested in one class of index cared little for indexes which were quite different in subject. i fear that the interest of the public in the production of indexes (which is considerable) does not go to the length of willingness to pay for these indexes, which from the fewness of those who care for these helps must always be expensive. when suggestions were made in _notes and queries_ for the compilation and publication of certain needed indexes, mr. j. cuthbert welch wrote that the editor of a journal offered to publish an index if he could obtain sufficient subscribers. respecting this offer, the publisher said, "altogether i had six offers to take one copy each." this rebuff caused mr. welch to say, "is it not rather that people are not energetic to buy such indexes than that publishers are not energetic enough to issue them?"[25] [25] 8th s., i. 364. there is still a great want for indexes of history and biography, and it is probable that if the objects of the index society had been confined to these it might have been more successful. in november, 1878, mr. edward solly wrote a letter to me in which he sketched out a very important scheme for a biographical index which would be of the greatest value. he wrote: "i do not think the index society can take up any subject of greater utility, or one more likely to be of service to the general public as well as students, than an index of biographies. an entire index of all known lives would obviously be much too large an undertaking; we can only attempt a part of the subject. probably in the first instance we should do well to try and form an index of british lives; such a work would i think, if tolerably complete, certainly fill at least ten large octavo volumes. "the work might be considerably diminished in bulk if we were to determine to leave out all names now to be found in certain standard works such as chalmers' biographical dictionary. it is evident, however, that to do this would greatly diminish the value of our index, and would cause us to put aside hundreds of memoranda which it is most important to index, i mean references to more recent notes, memoirs, letters and anecdotes, which are to be met with in journals and lives, and which often throw new and important light on older published biographies. "it is on account of these difficulties that i would propose that we endeavour to undertake an index of biographical references of persons who have died in a certain given period--say 1800-1825, or 1800-1850, or perhaps 1750-1800. "with a view to this i should like to see lists made of all biographical matters in such books as the gentleman's magazine, european magazine, monthly magazine, anti-jacobin magazine, etc. also such books as the annual necrology, public characters, living authors, etc., and thirdly of references to biographical memoranda dispersed throughout lives and memoirs such as 'kilvert's memoirs,' i mean books in which no one from the title would expect to find such information." it will be seen that such an index as is here sketched would be an inestimable help to the student. it would form a useful supplement to the _dictionary of national biography_, for it must be remembered that such an index would contain a majority of references to men and women whose claims to distinction or notoriety do not attain to the standard set up by the promoters of that grand work. possibly, if such an index was undertaken by co-operation as an object in itself, and not as one among other subjects, it might be compiled in one alphabet instead of in periods, which would make it much more valuable for reference. naturally the great advantage of periods is that, if left incomplete, what is published (if it covers a period) will always be of value, while a portion of the alphabet would be almost worthless. the rev. john e. b. mayor has collected a great mass of biographical references which are of much value. in an interesting communication on his indexes he suggests the formation of a british biographical society which might be called the antony wood society.[26] [26] _notes and queries_, 5th s., xii. 511. there is one project of the index society which has never been undertaken, but which is still wanted as much as ever--_viz._ a general or universal index. some think this to be an impossibility, and that to attempt its preparation is a waste of time. those who hold this opinion have not sufficient faith in the simplicity and usefulness of the alphabet. every one has notes and references of some kind, which are useless if kept unarranged, but, if sorted into alphabetical order, become valuable. the object of the general index is just this, that anything, however disconnected, can be placed there, and much that would otherwise be lost will there find a resting-place. always growing and never pretending to be complete, the index will be useful to all, and its consulters will be sure to find something worth their trouble, if not all they may require. some attempts have been made at compiling a general index, for what are _poole's index_, _index of essays_, q.p. indexes, hetherington's _index to the periodicals of the world_, and _indexes to "the times,"_ but contributions towards a universal index? such a work as is here proposed can scarcely be carried out unless government aid is extended to it; but surely the small amount of money that need be expended upon a sort of general inquiry office would be well laid out! a sort of skeleton index of universal information might be drawn up, and this could be added to gradually, partly by specialised effort and partly by the reception of any stray references of interest sent by those who recognise that their notes would find a home. this could be kept in a clearing-house and reference-room. when the index had become of some importance, and was recognised as a help to the inquirer, it could be printed. when published, it might be interleaved, so that additions might be made which could be sent to the office. gradually the index would grow into a work of very considerable importance. one of the chief objections to index catalogues of public libraries is that the same work is practically repeated by each library, while a general index would be useful to all. surely some arrangement might be made by which the various libraries would contribute funds to the central office and receive the indexes, which would serve their purpose as well as those of all the other libraries! having said so much, it seems necessary to explain rather more fully what the general index should contain and what should be omitted. to explain it in a few words, it should be a sort of encyclopã�â¦dia of references rather than of direct information; but it should contain more headings than any existing encyclopã�â¦dia. every one must have felt the want of some book which would give information or references on a large number of subjects that are constantly topics of ordinary conversation, but are consistently ignored in the ordinary books of reference. on the other hand, mere technical references should be omitted, because these details would overload the work, and because specialists have their own sources of information. it is the general information which every one is supposed to possess that is so difficult to obtain. in the first instance the groundwork of the index should be laid down with care by an expert. all special bibliographies should be entered under their subjects, both those published separately and those included in other books. various societies have published indexes. there are those among the publications of the index society and many others. the bibliographical society has published indexes to the german periodical _serapeum_ and to dibdin's edition of ames' and herbert's _typographical antiquities_; but very few persons know of these books. the authorities of the british museum have given students an immense help by gathering separate indexes and bibliographies on various subjects into the dwarf bookcases in the reading-room. here are a large number of aids to knowledge of which the general reader would have known nothing if they had not so obligingly been brought under his notice.[27] [27] the late professor justin winsor gave a list of indexes in his useful _handbook for readers_ (for the boston public library); and i added a "preliminary list of indexes" to _what is an index?_ london, 1879. other lists have also been published by the british museum, etc. a large number of books contain special information of importance on various subjects, the existence of which would never be guessed from the titles. attempts at general indexes of special subjects have been published, such as f. s. thomas's _historical notes_ (1509-1714), and the main points of these should be included in the proposed general index. when a good groundwork has been made, the index could be printed; and doubtless, if this printed index was widely circulated, a large number of helpers would speedily be found. many persons know of places where full information on some subject may be found, and would be glad to place their collections where they would be helpful to others. there can surely be no doubt that a general inquiry office with such an ever-growing index and a library of printed indexes would be a boon not only to the student, but to the general public. every day the great truth that keys to knowledge are more and more required is generally appreciated. as a groundwork for such a general index, selection could be made from the books already mentioned; and from the index volumes of watt's _bibliotheca britannica_ (1824), which, with all its faults, is one of the most valuable helps to bibliography, and the subject index of james darling's _cyclopã�â¦dia bibliographica_ (1854-1859), many useful references could be obtained. these two books are gradually getting out of date, but information may be obtained from their pages which is not easily to be obtained elsewhere. in closing this subject, i feel that too great honour cannot be done to the memory of w. f. poole, who placed the world under great obligations by the production of his _index of periodical literature_. as far back as 1848, when a student at yale college, he published an _index to subjects treated in the reviews and other periodicals_ (new york). in 1853 an improved edition was published as the _index to periodical literature_. when mr. poole attended the library conference at london in 1877 he expressed publicly his pleasure in seeing on the shelves of the british museum library a copy of his first index, which he had not seen for some years elsewhere. he realised that the work, if it were to be continued, was too great an undertaking for one man, and he succeeded in arranging for a co-operative index, which is continued now in several supplements under the able superintendence of mr. william i. fletcher. an _index to the "times"_ was started by j. giddings in 1862-63, but not continued. later, mr. s. palmer commenced a _quarterly index_, which has been continued forward to the present time, and also backward. in 1899 bailey's _annual index to the "times"_ came into being. the indexing of a paper such as the _times_ is a very arduous and difficult undertaking. in consequence, these indexes cannot be considered as models of what such works should be. mr. corrie leonard thompson criticises in _notes and queries_ (7th s., x. 345) the arrangement of the headings of palmer's _index to the "times"_ severely, but not unfairly. he writes: "the following are instances of the absurdities which appear in the volume just issued (oct.-dec. 1842), and will serve to illustrate the system which has been adopted throughout the index: "in november, 1842, a floating chapel on the severn was loosed from its moorings; this occurrence appears in the index under the heading, 'disgraceful act.' again, referring to the dry weather that was prevailing at the time, the entry is, 'present dry season.' other references to the same subject are, however, to be found under the heading 'weather,' which of course is correct. "a more marked example of carelessness or ignorance of the art of indexing, or both, is that of two women who were committed to ruthin prison--one, amelia home for firing a pistol at a man named roberts; the other, jane williams, for stealing a mare belonging to robert owen. this occurrence is entered under the letter r--'rather uncommon for females.' the chance of any one looking under rather for an occurrence of this kind must be infinitesimal, to say the least of it; and so on. a storm at saone-et-loire is indexed under 'fatal storm,' and an account of the trial of a small boy for stealing a twopenny pie will be found under 'atrocious criminal.' a certain jane thomas was so overjoyed at seeing her mother waiting at the stage-door of a theatre that she died in her arms. the employment of capitals is most remarkable, as is also the arrangement of the words, 'death of jane thomas in her mother's arms in holborn at joy in seeing her parent at the stage door to receive her.' "the errors pointed out in these examples, omitting the last instance, as well as the additional fault of indexing under adjectives which have no distinctive feature in them to guide the searcher, evidently arise from the fact that the simple heading of the newspaper article has been taken, without any attempt being made to discover the actual contents of such article." as already stated on a previous page, it is most important to index the articles in periodicals afresh, and not always to follow the heading of the original. this is of course more particularly the case in respect to newspapers, where the headings are drawn up to catch the reader's eye. the same rule may be insisted on in respect to all indexing, and this is so important that the restatement of it may well conclude this little volume. in making a general index of several volumes, always index the volumes afresh, and do not be contented with using what has been done before. it is always wiser to put 'new wine into new bottles.' [illustration] index. abecedarie as a synonym of index, 8. acrostic as a motto for an index, 85. adjectives, when to be used as catchwords, 151. ---(substantival) as headings, 151. allibone's _dictionary of english literature_ alluded to, 87. ---the forty indexes, 155. alphabet (one) for indexes, 134; order of the english alphabet, 135. alphabetisation, want of complete, in indexes, 65. alphabets, variety of, in indexes, 69. _annual register_, fourteen alphabets in the index, 70. antonio (n.), value of his _bibliotheca hispana_, 88. ---his quotation of the remark that an index should be made by the author of the book, 109. appendix, objection to the plural appendices, 12. _archã�â¦ological epistle to dean milles, not_ by mason, but by baynes, 82. arrangement (bad) in indexes, 64. _athenã�â¦um (the)_, suggestion of an index society in 1877, 209. athenã�â¦um library catalogue, index of subjects, 117, 124. _athenian oracle_, index to, 30. atterbury (bishop), his connection with the attack upon dr. bentley, 40. authorities quoted or referred to to be indexed, 159. _ayenbite of inwyt_, table of contents to the book, 6. baillet, his index to the books in the lamoignon library, 206. baret's _alvearie_, use of the words "index" and "table" in that book, 8. baronius, noble index to his annales _ecclesiastici_, 89. bartlett (john), concordance to shakespeare, 120. bayle, his opinion on the need of judgment in the compilation of an index, 132. baynes (john), his terrible curse, 82. bellenden (mary) maligned in an index, 81. bentham's _works_, good index to, by j. h. burton, 102. bentley's _dissertation on the epistle of phalaris_, attack of the "wits" upon this book and dr. king's index, 36. best (mr. justice), his great mind, 157. bible, concordances to the, 119. "bibliothecar. chetham.," his contribution to a general index in _notes and queries_, 207. _biglow papers_, humorous index to, 33. biographical (british) society suggested by the rev. john e. b. mayor, 214. _biography, dictionary of national_, plan of arranging peers under their surnames instead of their titles, 146. birdwood's (sir george) note "on the indexing of the names of eastern people," 164. blackburn (charles f.), _hints on catalogue titles_ quoted, 183. "book prices current," general index to, 113. boswell's _life of johnson_, boswell's own index, 109. ---dr. birkbeck hill's admirable index to his edition, 105. boyle (hon. charles), his attack upon bentley, 36. ---offended atterbury, 40. "boyle upon bentley," 36. boyle's (hon. robert) _considerations touching natural philosophy_, table of contents called an index, 13. _british association reports_, index in six alphabets, 70. british museum, collection of indexes in the reading-room a great boon, 218. ---proposed subject index to the catalogue of the library, 126. bromley's (william) _travels_, ill-natured index made to them by dr. king, 44; his note on the attack made upon him, 46; his jacobite leanings, 52; his portrait at oxford, 52. bruce's (john) edition of _historie of edward iv._, absurd filling up of initials j. c., 78. brunet (g.) translates _white knight_ as _le chevalier blanc_, 77. buckland (dr.) said to be the author of a work _sur les ponts et chaussã�â©es_, 77. burton (hill), _book-hunter_, allusion to the power in the hands of an indexer, 24. ---his reference to prynne's _histrio-mastix_, 20. ---his index to bentham's _works_, 102. calendar as a synonym of index, 7. camden society's publications, proposed index to, 112. campbell (lady charlotte) maligned in an index, 81. campbell (lord) proposed punishment for the publication of an indexless book, 82. ---his confession, 83. campkin (henry), plea for index-makers, 92. _canadian journal_, bad index, 56. capgrave's _chronicle of england_, blunder in the index, 66. cards or separate slips used for indexes, 182. carlyle (thomas), he denounces the putters-forth of indexless books, 82, 91. ---his reference to prynne's _histrio-mastix_, 15. ---his remarks on the want of indexes to the standard historical collections, 91. catalogue as a synonym of index, 7. catalogues, indexes to, 123. ---of libraries, indexes to, 123. chitty (e.), his supposed grudge against justice best, 157. _christian observer_, index to, by macaulay, 91. cicero, his use of the word "index," 6, 8. clark's (perceval) index to trevelyan's _life of macaulay_, 95. clarke (mrs. cowden), her _concordance to shakespeare_, 120. clarke (william) quoted, 118. classification within the alphabet, evils of, 58, 67. cobbett's _woodlands_ quoted, 72. coke (lord chief justice) an inaccurate man, 101. commonplace books, indexes to, 174. concordances to the bible, 119. concordances to shakespeare, 120. contractions, dangers in filling them out, 78. _corpus christi guild, york_, incomplete index to _the register_ of, 122. crestadoro's _index to the manchester free library catalogue_, 125. cross (j. ashton), proposal for a universal index, 208, 209. cross references not usually popular, 158. ---curiosities of, 72. ---want of, in indexes, 70. cunningham (mr.) paid ã�â£500 for indexing, 97. curll's authors, instructions how to find them, 53. curtis (f. a.) on the best method of constructing an index, 195. cutter's rule as to the arrangement of peers under their surnames, 146. cutting up of entries when written on pages of paper, 182. "da," surnames not to be arranged under this prefix, 141. "dal" surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 141. darling's (james) _cyclopã�â¦dia bibliographica_, index, 220. dashes in printing representing repetition to be of uniform length, 161, 204; instances of incorrect use of them, 80, 138. "de," french surnames not to be arranged under this prefix, 141; english surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 142. de quincey on bentley, 39. "del," "della," surnames to be arranged under these prefixes, 141. "des," surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 141. dictionary catalogue, its history, 129. ---mr. fortescue's objections to it, 130. dictionary makers really indexers, 120. disraeli's (isaac) _literary miscellanies_ quoted, 1. drayton (m.), his use of the word "index," 11. "du," surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 141. dugdale's _warwickshire_, the words "index" and "table" both used, 9. dumas (alexandre) _pã�â¨re et fils_, confused with alexandre _pã�â¨re et fils_, harmonium-makers, 24. eadie's _dictionary of the bible_, cross reference in, 72. electricity, indexes of, 123. ellis's _original letters_ quoted, 19. _encyclopã�â¦dia britannica_, cross references in, 72, 74. envelopes as safe receptacles for index slips, 182, 189. erasmus made alphabetical indexes, 7. fã�â©tis musical library, blunder in the index to the catalogue, 24. flaxman (dr. roger) paid ã�â£3000 for indexing, 97. fleming (abraham), his use of the word "index," 8. fletcher (william i.), his valuable additions to index literature, 221. ford's _handbook of spain_, amusing cross reference in, 76. forster (rev. --) paid ã�â£3000 for indexing, 97. fortescue (g. k.) on the proposed subject index to the british museum library catalogue, 126. ---on five-yearly indexes to the british museum catalogue, 128. freeman's opinion that foreign names should be englished, 144. _freemason_, bad index quoted, 54. fuller (thomas) quoted, 3, 172. gay's _trivia_, humorous index, 32. _gentleman's magazine_, badness of the index of names, 153. gerarde's _herbal_, by johnson, use of the words "index" and "table" in that book, 9. giddings (j.), index to _the times_, 221. glanville's (joseph) _vanity of dogmatizing_ quoted, 2. gough (h.), index to parker society's publications, 112. greenhill (dr.) on the formation of an index society, 207. gruter's _thesaurus inscriptionum_, index to the book by scaliger, 88. gum an unsatisfactory material for laying down slips, 189. hardy (sir t. duffus), remarks on the "pye-book," 7. hare's _walks in london_, index to, 152. harley (robert, earl of oxford), the index to bromley's _travels_ attributed to him, 46, 48. harrison (robert) proposes the formation of an index society in _the athenã�â¦um_, 209. hawkins's _pleas of the crown_, odd cross references in, 75. headings, alphabetical arrangement of, 137. ---instances of bad, 54. ---printing of, 160. henrietta maria offended with prynne's _histrio-mastix_, 18. heskeths, their change of name, 151. hetherington's (miss) opinions on the indexing of periodicals, 59; specimens of absurd references quoted by her, 60; on the qualifications of an indexer, 114. hill's (dr. birkbeck) admirable indexes, 105-108. historical collections, need of indexes to these standard works, 91. homer, poetical index to pope's translation of the iliad, 21. house of commons' journals, sums paid for the indexes, 97. hume (david), index to his _essays_, 23; he was glad to be saved from the drudgery of making one, 23. hunt (leigh), his opinion on index-making, 26. ---supposed author of the joke on best's great mind, 157. hutchins's _dorset_, separate indexes to, 69. hyphen, use of, in compound names, 149. i and j to be kept distinct, 66, 135. im thurn, place of this name in the alphabet, 143. index, alphabetical order not at first considered essential, 6; classification to be abjured in an alphabetical index, 58, 67; evils of dividing an index into several alphabets, 69; _general or universal index_ (chap. viii.), 206, 223; history of the word, 7; use by the romans, 6; naturalisation of the word in english, 8; introduced into english in the nominative case, 10; _how to set about the index_ (chap. vii.), 172-205; long struggle with the word "table," 7; soul of a book, _title-page_; one index to each book, 134; two chief causes of the badness of indexes, 64; varied kinds of, 5. index-learning ridiculed, 2. index society, its formation, 210; published index to trevelyan's _life of macaulay_, 95; amalgamation with the index library, 210. indexer, chief characteristics of a good indexer, 116; difference of opinion as to whether the indexer is "born, _not_ made," "not born, _but_ made," or "born _and_ made," 114; power in his hands, 93; _the bad indexer_ (chap. iii.), 53-84; _the good indexer_ (chap. iv.), 85-117. indexes, _amusing and satirical indexes_ (chap. ii.), 25-52; _different classes of indexes_ (chap. v.), 118-131; _general rules for alphabetical indexes_ (chap. vi.), 132-171; list of indexes, 218; official indexes, 96; to great authors proposed, 111; veneration due to the inventor of indexes, 1. india said in the index to capgrave's _chronicle_ to be conquered by judas maccabeus, 66. indical, word used by fuller, 4. indice, word used by ben jonson, 10. ---french word, 10. ---italian word, 10. indices, objections to the use of this plural in english, 11. indicium, the original of the french _indice_, 10. initials, careless use of, 161. inventory as a synonym of index, 7. j.c., absurd filling out of these initials, 78. jaggard's (william) index to _book prices current_, 113. jeake's _arithmetick surveighed and reviewed_, index to, 89. jevons (professor stanley), his suggestion of an index society, 208. ---his _principles of science_ quoted, 208. jewel's _apology_ by isaacson, bad index, 56. jews generally wore red hats in italy, but not at leghorn, 51. johnson (dr.), his division of necessary knowledge, 5. ---advises richardson to add an index to his novels, 21. jones (thomas), his contribution to a general index in _notes and queries_, 207. jonson (ben), his use of the word "indice," 10. king (dr. william), the inventor of satirical indexes, 35. ---his attack upon bentley in the index to "boyle upon bentley," 36. king (dr. william), his parody of _lister's journey to paris_, 42. ---his attack upon sir hans sloane and the _philosophical transactions"_, 42. ---satirical index to bromley's _travels_, 44. knowledge, what is true, 1. "la," surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 141. lamoignon (m. de), his library, indexed by baillet, 206. lawyers good indexers, 98. "le," surnames to be arranged under this prefix, 141. library association, index to _reports_, 113. lister's _journey to paris_ parodied by dr. king, 42. littrã�â©, his derivation of indice, 10. lo_n_don (george), his name often spelt lo_u_don, 67. _longman's magazine_, bad index, 63. lo_u_don (c. j.), the duke of wellington mistakes his signature for that of the bishop of london, 67. lowell's _biglow papers_, humorous index, 33. "m'" and "mc" to be arranged as if written "mac," 145. macaulay (lord) an indexer, 91. ---indexers treated with contempt by him, 92. ---his opinion on the index to his _history_, 93. ---objection to the indexing of his _history_ by a tory, 93. ---his englishing of foreign names approved by freeman, 144. ---on bentley's foibles, 38. maine (duc de), duc of maine, duke de maine, or duke of maine, 144. malcolm (e. h.) quoted, 193. markland (j. h.), remarks on indexing, 82. mayor's (rev. john e. b.) collection of biographical references, 214. michel's (dan) _ayenbite of inwyt_, table of contents, 6. minsheu, his use of the word "index," 9. montaigne's _essays_, index to florio's translation, 12. moore (edward) paid ã�â£6400 for indexing, 97. more (hannah), macaulay's letter to her, 91. morley (john) protests against indexless books, 84. morris (william) on an absurd cross reference, 72. names, authors arranged under their christian names, 89; compound names, 149; proper names with prefixes, 145; rule for the arrangement of compound names, 149; rules for the arrangement of foreign and english respectively, 141, 142. north's _lives of the norths_, index to jessopp's edition, 179. norton (thomas), remembrancer of london, an indexer, 85. _notes and queries_, announcement in its pages of the projected formation of an index society in 1854, 207. ---indexes highly appreciated, 112. noy (attorney-general) prosecutes prynne, 15 numerals, use of, for series of volumes, 159. oldys (william) on the need of indexes, 86. oriental names, rules for indexing, 163; sir george birdwood's notes on the names of eastern people, 164. oxford (robert harley, earl of) reported to be author of the index to bromley's _travels_, 46, 48. page, when a division of a, should be marked, 159. paget (sir james) pleased to make an index, 23. paper, saving of, an unwise economy, 176, 187. parr (dr.), note on the index to bromley's _travels_, 47. paste the only material for laying down slips, 189. peacock (edward), detection of blunders in oxford reprint of whitelock's _memorials_, 181. peers to be arranged under their titles, 145. _penny cyclopã�â¦dia_, vague cross references in, 73. periodicals, transactions, etc., indexing of, 121; usually badly indexed, 59. perkins (f. b.), plan of arranging slips, 185. _philosophical transactions_ laughed at by dr. king, 42. pineda (juan de), index to his _monarchia ecclesiastica_, 89. plays, prynne's attack upon, 16. plinie's _natural historie_, by holland, use of the word "index" in, 10. plutarch's _lives_, by north, the index called a table, 8. poole's (w. f.) _index to periodical literature_ quoted, 59; its great value, 220; new edition by co-operation, 221; his remarks on cross references, 71. printing of headings, 160; special type, 160. prynne, _histrio-mastix_, specimens from the index, 14. ---a martyr to his conscientiousness in making an index, 15. puritans, prynne's praise of, 17. "pye" as a synonym of index, 7 (note). "pye-book," derivation, 7 (note). ranke's _history of england_, issue of revised index by the clarendon press, 113. rawlinson (dr.) on the index to bromley's _travels_, 45. register as a synonym of index, 7, 8. _remembrancia_, index to, quoted, 85. repetition, marks of, in an index, 161, 204; instances of incorrect use of them, 80, 138. richardson (s.), index to his three novels, 22. ---a practised indexer, 22. royal society attacked by dr. king, 42. _rules for alphabetical indexes_ (chap. vi.), 132-171. rules for cataloguing referred to, 133. ruskin's _fors clavigera_, index to, 103. russell (constance, lady) points out confusions in indexes, 80. "st." to be arranged in the alphabet as "saint," 145. saints to be arranged under their proper names, 145. scaliger, his index to gruter's _thesaurus inscriptionum_, 88. schmidt (dr. alexander), _shakespeare lexicon_ (1874), 120. "scholar's (a)" opposition to publication of a subject-index to the british museum library catalogue, 126. scientific books, indexing of, 120. scobell's _acts and ordinances of parliament_, the words "index" and "table" both used, 9. _selwyn (george), and his contemporaries_, published without an index, 84. seneca, his indication of the contents of his books, 6. shakespeare, his use of the word "index," 11. shenstone's _schoolmistress_, humorous table of contents, 31. shylock acted by macklin in a red hat, 51. sloane (sir hans) laughed at by dr. king, 42. solly (edward), calculation of the time wasted in looking up a reference in the index to the _gentleman's magazine_, 153. ---note on early indexes, 14. ---proposes the formation of an index society, 208. ---scheme of a biographical index, 211. _spectator, the_, index to, 30. _spectators_, _tatlers_, and _guardians_, general index, 29. speed's _history of great britaine_, the words "index" and "table" both used, 10. state papers, indexes to the calendars, 97. statutes of the realm, valuable index to the edition of the _record commission_, 98. stephen (sir j. fitzjames) on a complete digest of the law, 99. ---on the early digesters of the law, 101. summary as a synonym of index, 7. swift's _battle of the books_ quoted, 38. ---_condition of edmund curll_ quoted, 53. ---his satirical reference to index-learning, 2. ---_tale of a tub_ quoted, 2. ---_works_ edited by scott, bad index, 154. syllabus as a synonym of index, 7, 8. table as a synonym of index, 7, 8, 9. _tatler, the_, index to, 27. tedder (h. r.), his indexes to _reports of conference of librarians and library association_, 112. ten brink, place of this name in the alphabet, 143. thomas (f. s.), _historical notes_ referred to, 219. thompson (corrie l.), his criticism of palmer's index to _the times_, 221. thoms (w. j.) urged the formation of an index society, 209. thring (lord), his instructions for an index to the _statute law_, 98. thrub-chandler, bung of a, 73. _times (the)_, indexes to, 221; criticism on palmer's index, 221. translations (french) of titles, 77. trevelyan's _life of macaulay_, index to, by perceval clark, 95. u and n, confusion between, 66. u and v to be kept distinct, 66, 135. "van," foreign names not to be indexed under this prefix, 141. ---english names to be indexed under this prefix, 142. vergil (polydore), _anglicã�⦠historiã�â¦_ has a good index, 14. "von," surnames not to be arranged under this prefix, 141. walford (cornelius), inquiry for the earliest index, 14. walpole's _letters_, bad index to, 79; examples of bad entries, 80. warton's _history of english poetry_, index, 70. watt's _bibliotheca britannica_, index, 219. watts (dr.), his warning against index-learning, 2. watts (thomas), his expression of the need for an index society, 207. welch (j. cuthbert) on the publication of an index to a journal, 211. wellington (duke of), amusing misreading of lo_u_don's letter, 67. ---cross reference in ford's _handbook to spain_, 76. wheatley (b. r.) as a good indexer, 117; his "evitandum" in indexing, 155. _white knights_ translated as _le chevalier blanc_, 77. whitelock's _memorial_, carlyle's condemnation of, 91; index to oxford reprint, 180. winsor (justin) advocated the formation of index society, 210. wynford (lord), previously sir w. d. best, 157. _york, register of corpu christi guild_, index, 122. _elliot stock, paternoster row, london._ [illustration] previous volumes of book-lover's library. _cloth, price_ =4s. 6d.=; _roxburgh half morocco_, =7s. 6d.=; _large paper_, =ã�â£1 1s.= _net_. =how to form a library.= by henry b. wheatley, f.s.a. second edition. contents: how men have formed libraries.--how to buy.--public libraries.--general bibliographies.--special bibliographies.--publishing societies.--child's library.--one hundred books. =old cookery books and ancient cuisine.= by william carew hazlitt. =the literature of local institutions.= by g. laurence gomme, f.s.a. the work is divided into the following sections: 1. local government generally.--2. the shire.--3. the hundred.--4. municipal government.--5. guilds.--6. the manor.--7. the township and parish. =foreign visitors in england, and what they have thought of us.= being some notes on their books and opinions during the last three centuries. by edward smith. =modern methods of illustrating books.= commencing with the early forms of illustrating books, and tracing the art down to our own day, the author leads the reader up to modern processes of producing illustrations. =the dedication of books.= to patron and friend. a chapter in literary history. by henry b. wheatley, f.s.a. =gleanings in old garden literature.= by william carew hazlitt. =the story of some famous books.= second edition. by edward saunders, author of "salad for the social." interspersed in the narrative are many amusing anecdotes, curious and suggestive allusions, and much out-of-the way information which will be welcomed by the book-lover and the student, as well as the reader who seeks amusement only. =the enemies of books.= by william blades. second edition. this entertaining volume gives a series of readable chapters on the various causes which have operated in the destruction of books. =the book of noodles.= stories of simpletons; or, fools and their follies. by w. a. clouston, author of "the book of sindibad," "popular tales and fictions," etc., etc. =how to catalogue a library.= by henry b. wheatley, f.s.a., author of "how to form a library." contents: introduction on cataloguing generally.--the battle of the rules.--print _v._ ms.--how to treat a title-page.--reference and subject-index.--the arrangement of a catalogue.--something about mss.--rules for a small library.--a list of latinised names of places.--a list of classical names.--an unusually copious index is added. =reporting in the olden time and to-day.= by john pendleton, author of "the history of derbyshire." =studies in jocular literature.= a popular subject more closely considered. by william c. hazlitt. =the story of the imitatione christi.= by leonard wheatley. with a portrait of thomas ã�â  kempis. =books condemned to be burnt.= by james anson farrer. =books in chains=, and other bibliographical papers. by wm. blades. =literary blunders=: a chapter in the history of human error. by henry b. wheatley, f.s.a. =book song=: an anthology of poems of books and book-men, from modern authors. edited by gleeson white. =walton and the early writers on fishing.= by r. b. manston, editor of the _fishing gazette_. =books that have been fatal to their authors.= by rev. p. h. ditchfield. =book verse=: an anthology of poems of books and book-men, from the earliest times to recent years. edited by w. roberts. =the literature of music.= by james e. matthew, author of "a manual of musical history." =the novels of charles dickens.= a bibliography and sketch. by frederic g. kitton, author of "charles dickens by pen and pencil," etc. with a portrait which has not been published before. =the minor writings of charles dickens=: a bibliography and sketch. by f. g. kitton, author of "dickensiana," "the novels of charles dickens," "dickens and his illustrators," etc. =book auctions in england in the seventeenth century.= by john lawler, compiler of the sunderland and ashburnham catalogues. london: elliot stock, 62, paternoster row. transcriber notes: passages in italics were indicated by _underscores_. passages in bold were indicated by =equal signs=. small caps were replaced with all caps. throughout the document, the oe ligature was replaced with "oe". throughout the dialogues, there were words used to mimic accents of the speakers. those words were retained as-is. the illustrations have been moved so that they do not break up paragraphs and so that they are next to the text they illustrate. thus the page number of the illustration might not match the page number in the list of illustrations, and the order of illustrations may not be the same in the list of illustrations and in the book. errors in punctuations and inconsistent hyphenation were not corrected unless otherwise noted. in the first page, a period was added after "f.s.a". on page 6, the y in "boc volyinde" was a yogh in the book. on page 22, a quotation mark was removed after "proper heads.". on page 58, a quotation mark was added after "classes of literature." on page 77, the caret symbol followed by an "e" represents a superscripted e. on page 110, a quotation mark was added before "heberden, dr." on page 112, "it it" was replaced with "it is". on page 115, "wil" was replaced with "will". on page 188, "with slip about" was replaced with "will slip about". on page 213, a period was placed after "etc". on page 216, a period was placed after "considerable importance". on page 225, a period was placed after "88". on page 228, a period was placed after "220". on page 229, a period was placed after "54". on page 229, a comma was placed after "athenã�â¦um". on page 232, a period was placed after 44. on page 235, a period was placed after "corrie l". in the advertisements, a period was added after "henry b". acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 1032 / c &r l news the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.75 per line for acrl members, $7.25 for others. late job notices are $13.75 per line for members, $16.20 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a written order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary figure. job announce­ ments will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. appli­ cants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for academic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $15 for acrl members and $20 for non-members. contact: classified advertising department, acrl, ameri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611 -2795; (312) 944-6780. for sale people counters, for information: 1-800-441-book, library director designed and markets accurate electronic device that will count the people that enter your library with invisible beam, usable anywhere, portable or permanently, $229 includes shipping. full warranty for one year, laser counters, 120 west walnut st., blytheville, ar 72315. (501)762-2431. over 500 sold u.s. and canada. materials wanted space problems? we will buy your surplus serials, technical, scientific and historic materials. send list for best offer to: colfax books, p.o. box 380542, denver, co 80238. services available book search service. general and french-language titles. no fee. contact: diane pyke, 1107c glacier ave., pacifica, ca 94044. positions open assistant catalog librarian, south dakota state univer­ sity. (12-month, tenure-track). open april 1 ‚ 1990. faculty position responsible for providing bibliographic control of monographic titles, series, and other materials through cataloging and classifica­ tion consistent with aacr2 and lc marc formats; utilizing oclc in the cataloging of materials and inputting of bibliographic records into library’s opac (pals) system; original cataloging when necessary; providing reference service as scheduled. qualifica­ tions: requirements include ala-accredited mls; working knowl­ edge of oclc, aacr2, dewey and lc classifications; demon­ strated ability to communicate effectively; demonstrated effective interpersonal relations skills; one year of professional cataloging experience, reading knowledge of a modern foreign language. desired: one or more years experience in original cataloging or specialized cataloging of non-print materials and second master’s degree. salary range $20,000-$21,500 depending on qualifica­ tions. application deadline: january 15, 1990 or until suitable applicant is hired. send letter of application with resume, tran­ scripts, and have three recent letters of recommendation (which describe applicant's job related qualifications) sent to: mrs. b. j. kim, h. m. briggs library, box 2115, south dakota state university, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. assistant director for public services (anticipated opening). fairleigh dickinson university anticipates the need for an assistant director of public services at its florham-madison campus library. the assistant director serves as head of refer­ ence; supervises the public service departments including circula­ tion and periodicals; assumes supervision in the absence of the director. requirements: mls from ala-accredited school and master's degree in academic discipline; four years’ experience performing professional reference work including online search and bibliographic instruction; experience managing a library de­ partment or functional area, including staff supervision; good communication skills. salary; $27,500 to $33,000. excellent bene­ fit package includes free tuition for self and eligible family mem­ bers. send resume and cover letter to: employment office, pc-19, fairleigh dickinson university, 285 madison avenue, madison, nj 07940. fdu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. associate dean, university of new mexico general library. the university of new mexico general library offers an exciting opportunity for someone with vision, energy, and enthusiasm. we are looking for the person who can provide leadership in an academically active and politically dynamic environment. the associate dean works as a member of the library management team. providing leadership from within through a collaborative approach to decision making. the challenge of this position is in the creativity it will require, not in the authority it provides. the associate dean needs to be willing to take risks, inaugurate new concepts, stimulate and facilitate programmatic innovation and change. at the same time, the associate dean must have the knowledge and experience to serve as a resource person for traditional approaches to library operations, programs, and serv­ ices. the associate dean is expected to take the lead in strategic planning, library mission enhancement, grants coordination, and the electronic information functions of the library. he/she is respon­ sible for the internal operations which provide the foundation for the library’s bibliographic, educational, and service programs. the associate dean serves as acting dean in the dean’s absence. the associate dean will need to be effective in the role of project team december 1989 / 1033 leader and work collegially with individuals throughout the organi­ zation, excellent communication skills are necessary for the posi­ tion. the proven ability to establish and maintain relationships with internal and external constituencies is crucial as is the stature to serve as one of the library’s primary links with the university, local, state, and national library communities. required: mls from an ala-accredited program. second advanced degree desired. at least five years of professional experience. the general library, with a collection of over 1,000,000 volumes, is a member of the association of research libraries and the amigos bibliographic council. the general library consists of five libraries, the center for southwest research, and the center for academic program support, all located on the main campus. the general library utilizes the ls/2 circulation system, innovacq acquisitions and serials control system, and carlyle online catalog. the library is administered and managed by the library management team (lmt), which includes the directors, department heads, dean and associate dean. the library management team practices hu­ manistic management by teamwork. lmt makes broad opera­ tional, personnel, and budgetary decisions while leaving consider­ able latitude to individual library directors and department heads in mananging their operations and in fulfilling their specific responsi­ bilities. the library is a process oriented system and many of its operations, programs and services are evolving in innovative directions. the library is an active presence in university affairs, with a real part in educational reform. it is expanding its role in research, teaching, university program development, and special­ ized services. the librarians at unm have tenure-track positions with full faculty status and responsibilities. like all other faculty members, the associate dean must be able to meet university requirements in areas of research, publication, and service in order to earn promotion and tenure. the university of new mexico is now in its centennial year. located in albuquerque, the main campus has an enrollment of 24,500 and employs 1,400 faculty and 3,800 staff. the institution serves a multi-cultural state and the student body is one of the most ethnically diverse in the nation. the library strives to serve and support this culturally rich environment. unm offers 54 masters degree and 35 doctoral and professional degree programs. salary is negotiable from $50,000. this is a twelve month, tenure-track faculty position. rank is negotiable from as­ sistant professor. it is assumed that the incumbent in the position will comply with the policies of the faculty handbook including research, publication, and service to the profession and commu­ nity. send letter of application, resume, and list of references to: rita critchfield, library personnel specialist, university of new mexico general library, albuquerque, nm 87131. to ensure consideration, applications must be postmarked no later than january 1, 1990. unm is an eeo/aa employer. business librarian, university of california, irvine library. assistant or associate librarian rank salary range of $26,136 $46,020; generous benefits package, equal to approximately 40% of the salary; excellent retirement system. responsibilities: re­ ports to the head of reference and as a bibliographer reports to the assistant university for collections; general and specialized refer­ ence services (including evening and weekend assignments); reference desk assistance, database searching, and bibliographic instruction; faculty liaison and collection development for business and management. as a bibliographer, the incumbent shares with the assistant university librarian for collections and other bibliog­ raphers, the responsibility for development and management of all library collections, with special responsibility for developing and maintaining materials to support the research and instructional needs of faculty and students in the graduate school of manage­ ment. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls degree; degree in business or management, or relevant experience; dem­ onstrated commitment to public service; excellent oral and written communication skills; ability to work effectively, independently, cooperatively with all elements of a culturally-diverse academic community; basic computer literacy. desirable: additional gradu­ ate degree in business or management; experience in collection development, bibliographic instruction, database searching; expe­ rience as a business or management librarian in an academic library. applications received by january 15,1990, will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. to apply: send application letter with 1) a complete statement of qualifications; 2) resume of education and relevant experience; and 3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references. letters should be addressed to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; telephone: (714) 856 7115. aa/eeo. catalog librarian at arizona state university, which offers the opportunity to work within the environment of an innovative and highly automated research library. responsibilities include cata­ loging in the social sciences and/or humanities, dependent on departmental needs and the subject and language background of the successful candidate; participation in the planning, govern­ ance and general management of the department of criminal cataloging and special languages; and, potentially, the training and supervision of classified staff. required: ala-accredited mls degree; broad academic background in the social sciences and/or humanities; knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification system and marc format; demonstrated interpersonal and communica­ tion skills; ability to catalog accurately materials in any roman alphabet language. preferred: original cataloging experience in a research library (either professional or pre-professional); experi­ ence with a bibliographic utility; supervisory and training experi­ ence; ability to work with materials in southeast asian languages. salary guide listed below are the minimum starting sal­ ary figures recommended by 16 state library organizations for professional library posts in these states. job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini­ mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacan­ cies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel services. connecticut indiana iowa kansas louisiana maine massachusetts new hamphsire new jersey new york north carolina ohio pennsylvania rhode island vermont west virginia wisconsin $22,200 varies* $19,619 $17,500* $20,000 varies* $22,000 $17,500 $22,000 varies* $20,832 $20,024 $20,000 $21,000 $19,000 $20,000 $23,700 ‘ rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. 1034 / c&rl news salary; $21,000 and up, dependent on qualifications (but essen­ tially an entry-level position). to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of university libraries, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287-1006; (phone 602/965-3417). recruitment will remain open until the position is filled, with review of applications beginning january 15, 1990. asu is an affirmative-action, equal opportunity employer. catalog librarian. responsible for original cataloging, catalog maintenance, participation in planning for an online inte­ grated catalog, and supervision of support staff. thorough knowl­ edge of cataloging procedures and principles is mandatory. familiarity with microcomputers, a working knowledge of span­ ish, french, german, or italian, and professional technical serv­ ices experience are desirable. this is a ten-month, tenure track faculty position at the rank of instructor or assistant professor, depending on the qualifications of the successful candidate; a master’s degree required; an additional graduate degree and evi­ dence of scholarly work will be necessary to obtain tenure. minimum salary is $25,000. position is available september 1,1990. creden­ tials review will begin january 15, 1990. send resume and the names of three references to: david h. eyman, college librarian, skidmore college, saratoga springs, ny 12866. an equal oppor­ tunity employer. catalog librarian, university of wisconsin health sciences library. responsibilities: complex copy and original cataloging of current and historical monographs, audiovisuals, microforms, and computer software on notis, using aacr2, mesh and nlm classification. supervises 1 or more paraprofessional. participates t w o p o s it io n s purdue university purdue university, undergraduate library. creative, energetic, and visionary individuals sought for an evolving undergraduate library with primary mission to meet the information needs of lower-division undergraduates. reference and instruction librarian. requirements: master’s degree in library/lnformation science (ala-accredited). minimum of three years professional academic reference experience. desired qualifi­ cations: previous experience in bibliographic instruction, supervision, collection development, online searching, microcomputer applications, and service to undergraduates. demonstrated written and oral communication skills and ability to interact with faculty and students. responsibilities: participates in overall mission of the undergraduate library. responsible for coordinating, and directing the undergraduate library reference department and library instruction program. supervises reference department faculty and staff. selects materials for reference collection. serves as liaison between undergraduate library and teaching faculty to promote effective use of available reference services and information literacy skills for undergraduates. salary: $25,000 and up, depending on qualifications. assistant reference and instruction librarian. requirements: master’s degree in library/lnformation science (ala-accredited). minimum of two years professional library experience. desired qualifications: previous experience in reference, bibliographic instruction, supervision, and online searching. demon­ strated written and oral communication skills. ability to interact with faculty and students. responsibilities: participates in overall mission of undergraduate library. provides reference service and assists in development and delivery of undergraduate library research skills program. performs and interprets online searches from a variety of commercially available databases. participates in planning process, general management support, and supervision of departmental staff. salary: $23,000 and up, depending on qualifications. status and benefits: faculty status and responsibilities. members of the library faculty must meet purdue university requirements (excellence in librarianship, research and publishing, and service) for promotion and tenure. rank commensurate with education and experience. twelve-month appointment with annual vacation of 22 working days. flexible benefit programs with open enrollments annually. group life, medical and disability insurance programs, tiaa-cref and social security coverage. libraries: the undergraduate library, with expanding collections and services in both print and non-print formats, including the independent study center and film library, serves approximately 6,000 students daily. the staff includes 5 librarians, 15 support staff, and 10 fte student assistants. apply to: thomas l. haworth personnel officer libraries, stewart center purdue university west lafayette, in 47907 please send resume and a list of references. deadline: january 20,1990, or until position is filled. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. december 1989 / 1035 in unit quality control activities and automation efforts. works at the reference desk nights and weekends as required. minimum quali­ fications: ala-accredited mls; 1-3 years of relevant cataloging experience, preferably in an academic setting; reading knowledge of at least 1 european language; knowledge of aacr2 and usmarc formats; effective written, oral and interpersonal commu­ nication skills. preferred: reading knowledge of 2 european lan­ guages; science background; familiarity with nlm-classification and mesh subject headings; experience with oclc and auto­ mated systems, audiovisual, computer software or rare book cataloging experience. salary and appointment at the associate academic librarian or academic librarian level depending on qualifications and experience. salary from $23,185. review of applications to begin january 2, 1990. letter of application, res­ ume, and names of 3 references to: diana slater, associate director, center for health sciences library, university of wisconsin, 1305 linden drive, madison, wl 53706. an ee/ao employer. cataloger, social sciences. responsible, under head of original cataloging, for cataloging monographs and serials in all formats, in the social sciences, with emphasis on latin american materials. mls from ala-accredited program, with undergraduate degree in a social science or latin american studies and a strong working knowledge of spanish required. knowledge of lc classi­ fication schedules, subject headings, aacr2, and marc formats required. knowledge of another language, particularly portuguese, advanced studies in a social science, and experience in an academic library cataloging department desirable. library has notis online catalog. salary $23,000 minimum; tiaa; 20 days vacation. send resume to: peggy weissert, human resources representative, university libraries, theodore m. hesburgh library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556, by january 30, 1990. an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. director of libraries, washington state university, pull­ man, washington. washington state university invites applica­ tions and nominations for the position of director of libraries. the director is the chief administrative and financial officer of the university libraries and reports to the provost. washington state university is a comprehensive research institution which is the land-grant university for the state, with a student enrollment of 17,700, including 2,000 graduate students. the library system has a collection of approximately 1,600,000 volumes, 2,540,000 micro­ form units, 302,000 audiovisual units, and a current subscription list of 30,000 serial titles. the current staff includes 45 faculty, 112 classified staff, and 52 fte student assistants. the library is a member of the association of research libraries, the center for research libraries, and the western library network. qualifica­ tions for the position include: an ala-accredited mls degree; demonstrated and substantial success as a leader in a research library; a strong commitment to excellence; managerial experience with library automation; and demonstrated ability to work effec­ tively with people at all levels. desirable qualifications include the doctoral degree and/or a second master's degree, successful experience in development and fundraising, and experience with centralized library services in a multi-campus setting. nominations will be accepted until december 15,1989. screening of applicants will begin january 4, 1990, and will continue until the position is filled. nominations or letters of application, accompanied by a vita and a list of at least four references should be sent to: fredrick j. dobney, chair, director of libraries search committee, vice pro­ vost for extended university services, w ashington state university, pullman, wa 99164-1041. washington state univer­ sity is an equal opportunity, affirmative action educator and em­ b u s in e s s r e f e r e n c e u b r a r ia n /b ib l io g r a p h e r miami university the business reference librarian/bibliographer (re-opened) is responsible for collection development n business, with special emphasis in accounting, management, and marketing. serves as faculty liaison o departments within the school of business administration. provides reference/users services, including ›nline searching (with assistance from computer services librarian), bibliographic instruction, and other duties as assigned. reports to head, humanities and social science department. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accredited program; business reference experience, experience vith online searching and micro-computers. strong interpersonal skills and service commitment; effective pral and written communication skills; commitment and ability to work collegially. advanced subject degree n a business field preferred. the miami university libraries contain over 1.4 million volumes, have an extensive collection of jovernment documents and microforms, and subscribe to over 12,000 serials. they serve 800 teaching înd research faculty, 15,000 undergraduates and 1,000 graduate students. the library has 36 professional ibrarians and 55 support staff. miami university is a highly selective institution, located in oxford, ohio, 35 miles northwest of cincinnati. benefits include blue cross/blue shield, major medical, disability, dental and term life insurances paid py the university. public employees retirement system. minimum salary $23,000; negotiable based on experience. submit letter of application, resume, and names, telephone numbers, and addresses of three professional references to: judith a. sessions dean and university librarian miami university oxford, oh 45056 preliminary screening of applications will begin december 15,1989. miami university is an equal opportunity employer. 1036 / c& rl news ployer. members of ethnic minorities, women, vietnam-era or disabled veterans, persons of disability, and/or persons between the ages of 40 and 70 are encouraged to apply. documents librarian. tenure-track, 12-month appointment. reports to head, documents department. responsible for opera­ tion of libraries programs for u.s. and colorado documents; maps; microtext; collection development; processing services; biblio­ graphic instruction; reference assistance; database searching; and supervision of support and student staff. requires ala accredited mls degree; demonstrated experience/expertise in automated processing, including marc format; online searching; and cd-rom databases. potential for meeting requirements for tenure and promotion. prefer social science background; experi­ ence in government publications; maps; and supervision. salary competitive, minimum $26,000. send letter of application, resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three refer­ ences to: ruth ludwig, colorado state university libraries, 106 morgan library, fort collins, colorado 80523. an aa/eeo em­ ployer. application deadline is january 16, 1990. faculty appointment in quaker studies and cura­ tor of the quaker collection. haverford college seeks applicants for a full-time position that combines curatorial, teach­ ing, and scholarly activity relating to quaker studies. curatorial responsibilities are to coordinate the development and manage­ ment of the quaker and other special collections, as a member of the library professional staff. academic responsibilities (at a rank commensurate with experience) include teaching one course per semester in an appropriate discipline, such as history, religion, philosophy, or literature. we seek a person who will maintain scholarly activity in his or her field as the t. wistar brown fellow and play an active role in the quaker life of the college. require­ ments include a ph.d., scholarly publications, and teaching inter­ est and ability. education or experience in library science or archival management is desirable. candidates should be familiar with the activities of the society of friends and be able to work effectively with the library staff, faculty, and students. send resume and names of three references to: mary jo aho, haverford college library, haverford, pa 19041 by february 1, 1990. eo/ aae. government documents/maps librarian (new posi­ tion). george mason university, a rapidly-growing university in the washington, d.c. area, is seeking a government documents/ maps librarian to manage all public service and collection mainte­ nance operations of the government documents/maps unit. the incumbent is responsible for effective planning, organization, management, and evaluation of government documents/maps services in a highly automated and flexible environment. shares in general reference desk service including evening and weekend rotation. ala-accredited mls required. experience with govern­ ment documents, reference and/or other 1 ibrary experience, and a second master’s degree preferred. salary: $23,500-$28,500 de­ pending on qualifications and experience. application deadline is december 30. send cover letter and resume with names of three references to: government documents/maps librarian appoint­ ment committee, george mason university, 4400 university drive, fairfax, va 22030-4444. aa/eoe. head, cataloging department, search extended. the university of akron is the third largest state-assisted university in ohio. it offers its 29,000 day and evening students more than 230 associate’s, bachelor’s and master’s degree programs and 14 doctoral degree programs. the university library and learning resources is seeking a professional, experienced manager to effectively set priorities and direct the workflow of its cataloging department. reporting directly to the director of university library and learning resources, the head of the cataloging department supervises 6.0 professional and 5.0 staff employees. this working manager is responsible for: coordinating the original cataloging, copy cataloging and pre-order searching of monographs, serials, government documents, media, and machine-readable datafiles; maintaining the database, catalog, and authority files; participating in the ullr’s department head's advisory group and serving on other standing and ad hoc committees: planning and implementing the department’s goals and budget. required: mls from ala accredited institution: at least 5 year’s cataloging experience in varied academic or research libraries: demonstrable successful management of a large cataloging unit; proven expertise with oclc or other major bibliographic utilities, marc formats and local automated systems; thorough knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and authority control; excellent oral, written, and interpersonal communication skills. preferred: record of increas­ ing responsibility of staff supervision; experience with vtls; budg­ etary experience; potential for research and evidence of scholarly/ professional achievement, evidence of creative and imaginative contributions to overall library management. this is a 12 month,tenure-track appointment at the rank of associate profes­ sor. it includes 22 days vacation, standard benefits package, and a starting salary between $33,000-$36,000. application deadline is january 30, 1990. send letter of application, resume, and three current letters of professional recommendation to: rebecca kopanic, chairperson, search committee for head, cataloging department, university of akron, library and learning re­ sources, akron, oh 44325-1706. the university of akron is an equal education and employment institution. head, documents division (search extended), coordinates reference and user instruction services, collection development, processing, circulation and administrative operations including staff training. define goals, establish objectives and formulate policy for the division. provide overall supervision and manage­ ment for the documents division including 3.5 professional librari­ ans and 6 support staff. oversee u.s., texas, and patent deposi­ tory programs. provide comprehensive reference services through indexes, online, and cd-rom database. plan and implement addition of bibliographic records to library’s notis system or three collections: u.s. documents, texas documents and techni­ cal reports. maintain liaisons with academic departments or pro­ motion use of documents resources and services. qualifications: ala-mls. minimum 6 years professional experience required, including experience with government documents preferably in an academic library. experience in planing organization, supervision, and management required. demonstrated user-oriented philoso­ phy required. should be knowledgeable of automation and techni­ cal services relating to government documents. must possess ability to communicate clearly and effectively. should possess knowledge of issues and trends associated with government publications and their applications to local programs. should be knowledgeable of oclc and or other automated bibliographic control system. must possess ability to work with faculty, staff, and students. salary $32,000 minimum or 12 months; $33,000 mini­ mum with second masters. competitive benefits package. no state income tax, faculty rank. texas a&m has an enrollment of 39,000 and is located in bryan/college station between houston and austin. closing dates: applications received by march 1,1990, will receive first consideration. write or call for complete descrip­ tion of duties, qualifications and benefits. to apply send letter of ap­ plication, resume and names, and telephone numbers of 3 profes­ sional references to: roberta pitts, head, personnel operations, evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843 5000; (409) 845-8111. aa, eeo employer. head, m ed ic a l lib r a r y c o l le c tio n s and coordinator, health sciences technical operations. univer­ sity of michigan. duties: new position which will review policies relating to the taubman medical library (tml) collection scope, use, development and management. tml with a collection of over 250,000 volumes supports the research and instructional needs of the schools of medicine, pharmacy and nursing. develop pro­ grams, publications or other mechanisms to promote the collec­ tion. identifies opportunities for collection cooperation with other health sciences institutions. monitors and directs the work of subject selectors. develops annual budget requests and alloca­ tions and monitors expenditure and encumbrance activity. de­ signs, directs, and conducts periodic collection evaluations/as sessments. coordinates the implementation of the serials and acquisitions module of the notis system for the health sciences cluster of libraries (dentistry, & public health as well as tml). recommends policies and procedures for technical processing units in the cluster. provides direct supervision to the coordinator for health sciences technical processing. qualifications: re­ quired: mls from an ala-accredited institution. minimum of 5 years experience in a health sciences library. demonstrated knowledge of collection development and management, including experience with collection assessment methodologies. experi­ ence with online integrated library systems, especially acquisitions and/or serials subsystems. demonstrated oral and written commu­ nication skills. demonstrated knowledge of the book trade, includ­ december 1989 / 1037 ing approval plan jobbers. desired: bachelor's degree in the biological or health sciences. contribution to regional and/or na­ tional professional associations and/or publications. associate or senior associate librarian depending on final classification. mini­ mum salary of $27,000 dependent on previous relevant experience and final classification. apply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library personnel and payroll services, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109-1205. the univer­ sity of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action em­ ployer. applications received by january 15, 1990, will be given first consideration. head of cataloging and bibliographic control, (search extended). the university of missouri-columbia libraries is seeking qualified applicants for the position of head of the bibliographic control department, reporting to the head of techni­ cal services as one of three department heads. responsibility for the bibliographic control of the mu libraries’ collections, including the management of all cataloging and of the online catalog. principal responsibilities include planning, directing and evaluat­ ing the performance of a department of five professional and twenty-two support staff. participates in the continuing develop­ ment of the online catalog (lumin); keeping up-to-date with na­ tional cataloging standards and developments in bibliographic access and automation. requires a master’s degree from an ala accredited program with a second subject master’s preferred. five years cataloging and significant supervisory experience required; demonstrated experience in managing cataloging activities; and an ability to communicate well orally and in writing, good supervi­ sory and problem-solving skills, commitment to high productivity and high quality cataloging. minimum salary: $30,000+ for 12 months commensurate with experience. benefits include 30 vaca­ tion days per year, vested retirement after 5 years, dental insur­ ance, and other normal fringe benefits, including 75 percent tuition waiver. columbia is in the middle of the state on i-70, only 2 hours from st. louis and kansas city, and 1.5 hours from the lake of the ozarks major recreational area. the university and two other col­ leges provide superb cultural events. according to the accra composite index, the cost of living in columbia is very reasonable when compared with other university communities. available: april 1, 1990. send letter of application, names of three references, and resume to: pat burbridge, personnel coordinator, 104 (cn) ellis library, university of missouri-columbia, columbia, mo 65201 5149. applications received by december 30,1989, will receive first consideration. the university of missouri-columbia is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and employs only u.s. citizens and lawfully authorized alien workers. head of circulation. the university of southern maine has an opening for the position of head of circulation. incumbent is respon­ sible for the administration, coordination, and supervision of all circulation activities, automated and manual, including the reserve collections, stack maintenance, and the security of the collections in both libraries. qualifications: master’s degree in librarianship from an ala-accredited program; a minimum of three years of successful professional experience including the ability to analyze and organ­ ize complex operations. salary minimum $22,000. must be able to provide strong leadership in motivating, developing, and working harmoniously with a large staff. strong interpersonal relations skills. a strong commitment to library public services and user needs. the university of southern maine hires only united states citizens and lawfully authorized alien workers. send resume and the names of three references postmarked by december 20, 1989, to: george parks, search chair, re: 102, university library, university of southern maine, 96 falmouth street, portland, me 04103. usm is an eeo/aa employer. head of interlibrary loan, johns hopkins university. the milton s. eisenhower library seeks a head of interlibrary loan who will direct resource sharing with other libraries, communicate within 1038 / c &r l news library networks, supervise a regular staff of 5, coordinate delivery/ retrieval of ill materials, participate in reference and online searching, and act as a reference librarian approximately 8 hours per week. requirements: mls from ala-accredited school, library management and supervisory experience (ill preferred), strong communication, interpersonal, planning, and organizational skills. knowledge of computerized databases, local and national sys­ tems. excellent benefits: minimum $25,989. send resume, includ­ ing position applied for, and three letters of reference from individu­ als familiar with your professional qualifications by november 27, 1989, to: edward s. warfield, office of personnel services, room 146 garland hall, john hopkins university, baltimore, md 21218. affirmative action equal opportunity employer. head of technical services, weter memorial library, seattle pacific university. responsibilities include: managing/ directing technical services, cataloging, classification, physical processing and bibliographic records (on-line, wln, and card catalog). candidates must have: ala-accredited mls; administra­ tive experience in academic technical services; familiarity with a major bibliographic utility; application of microcomputers, retro­ spective conversions, and bibliographic database management; and effective interpersonal and communication skills. professional position, salary ($26,000-$27,500) depends upon experience and qualifications. seattle pacific university is a christian university of the arts, sciences and professions with a combined undergraduate and graduate enrollment of 3,400 students and an additional 4,000 students enrolled in off campus programs each quarter. spu seeks evangelical christian applicants who are committed to the educa­ tional mission and lifestyle expectations of the university. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. closing date is february 1, 1990. send resume and letter listing three or more references to: gary r. fick, university librarian, weter memorial library, seattle pacific university, seattle, wa 98119. phone: (206) 281-2228. head, online cataloging section. the online cataloging section head supervises personnel involved with the plans for bibliographic record searching, online cataloging of marc mono­ graphs, and the creation of machine-readable bibliographic rec­ ords for retrospective conversion. the section head supervises six library assistants and three part-time student assistants. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; experience with marc formats and online cataloging. preferred: experience with integrated online systems; supervisory experience. salary: $20,000 plus, commensurate with experience. applications re­ ceived by january 31, 1990, will be given first consideration; applications will be accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume and names of three references and/or placement bureau address and salary requirements to: dennis r. defa, 328 marriott library, university of utah, sait lake city, ut d ir e c t o r o f t e c h n ic a l s e r v ic e s emory university general libraries. responsibilities: provides creative leadership in planning, developing and administer­ ing the t echnical services division of the emory university general libraries. participates in overall library management and reports to the vice provost/director of libraries. the division is composed of 5 departments: catalog, catalog support, serials control, acquisitions, and processing. in areas of responsibilities represents the libraries at the national level (e.g. rlg, oclc). will play a lead role in the continuing implementation of the dobis integrated library system, will direct a major retrospective conversion project, funded and in the planning stages, and will plan for additional creative uses of the resources of both rlin and oclc. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or equivalent. extensive experi­ ence in research libraries in increasingly responsible administrative positions sufficient to demonstrate competence in management of technical library operations. broad knowledge of technical operations and procedures. strongly demonstrated interpersonal skills; leadership qualities with understanding of national developments and standards in bibliographic control; experience with automated technologies and their appropriateness for library operations; good analytical, creative and organizational skills; ability to commu­ nicate and coordinate activities with library divisions, other libraries and departments of the university; sensitivity to information needs in a university community. technical services division and general libraries: the technical services division has forty-four professional and paraprofessional staff members. the collections of the general libraries total 1,100,000 volumes (over 2,000,000 volumes for all emory libraries), 1,200,000 microforms, 6,000 linearfeeto f manuscripts with agrowing collection of audiovisual materials. the staff totals approximately 150. other resources are available in separate libraries for law, health sciences, theology, and oxford college. the library materials budget of more than $2,500,000 provides for the purchase of materials for the general libraries which support arts and sciences and business. beginning salary: dependent upon qualifications and experience, but not less than $40,000. comprehensive benefits package, including tiaa/cref. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: paul m. cousins, jr. chair, search committee robert w. woodruff library emory university atlanta, ga 30322 review of applications begins january 1,1990, and continues until an appointment is made. emory university is an equal opportunity employer. december 1989 / 1039 84112. the university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. head, public services. provides references services, data­ base searching, and bibliographic instruction to faculty and gradu­ ate students at 2 seminaries and a university divinity school. supervises circulation, reserves, and ill. is responsible for main­ taining the reference collection. some evening and weekend hours. qualifications: ala-mls; education in theology and/or religious studies; supervisory and reference experience; good communication, interpersonal, and organizational skills; experi­ ence in database searching and oclc. preferred: background in lutheran and/or reformed theological traditions; knowledge of biblical languages, german, other modern european languages. salary: based on qualifications and experience; $24,000+ and benefits. starting date: june 1,1990. closing date for applications: january 15,1990. send resume and names of three references to mary bischoff, director, jesuit kraus mccormick library, 1100 e. 55th street, chicago, il 60615. hispanic/latin american cataloger, (search extended). the hispanic/latin american cataloger is a faculty librarian posi­ tion in the original cataloging section of the catalog department and reports to the head of the catalog department. the primary re­ sponsibility is; the original cataloging of monographs, documents, and non-print materials in the spanish and portuguese languages, and the enhancing of some oclc member copy cataloging. re­ quirements: mls from an ala-accredited library school program or recognized equivalent. fluency in spanish required, portuguese helpful. must have knowledge of aacr2 and lc classification. t h r e e p o s it io n s university of central florida university of central florida, a growing institution with a concentration in business, education, and technology and a fully-automated library (notis, innovacq, oclc). all positions require an ala accredited master’s degree and are in the faculty bargaining unit. 1. circulation librarian-. reports to head of access services. responsible for management and operation of the circulation unit including notis module, reserves, fines and bills, stack maintenance, and security. supervises a staff of 7 fte paraprofessionals and 50 students. plans for enhancements to the circulation system, and prepares reports based on system output. required: three years’ public services experience after the professional degree, preferably in an academic or large research library using an automated circulation system; experience in supervision and management; effective oral and written communication skills. desired: experience in reference and/or online searching, notiscirculation, library security, personal computers, and statistical report preparation using sas. deadline for postmark: february 1,1990. 2. government documents librarian: reports to head of reference. responsible for the management of a selective u.s. and state depository collection including a u.s. patents depository; supervises 1.5 fte staff; participates in reference desk services, including nights/weekends. required: government docu­ ments and public services experience; minimum of three years library experience after the professional degree, preferably in an academic and/or u.s. government depository library; demonstrated oral and written communication skills. desired: experience with automation, with patents, and with supervision. interview will include a 20 minute classroom presentation on a government publication. deadline for postmark: february 15,1990. 3. general reference librarian: reports to head of reference. duties include reference services and bibliographic instruction, with some evening/weekend scheduling. assignments may include online search­ ing and/or collection development. required: two years’ experience in reference services and bibliographic instruction in an academic library; demonstrated oral and written communication skills. desired: previous experience with microcomputerapplications, online searching, orcollection development; subject expertise in science, engineering, or health sciences. deadline for postmark: march 1,1990. ranks and salaries dependent upon experience and qualifications; salary minimum: $22,000 instructor librarian; $25,000 assistant librarian; $27,000 associate librarian, send letter of interest, resume, and names of three references to: victor owen library administrative assistant university of central florida library p .o .b o x 25000 orlando, fl 32816-0666 letters must be postmarked no later than the dates listed with each position announcement. as an agency of the state of florida, the university makes all application materials and selection procedures available for public review. ucf is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 1 0 4 0 / c& rl news experience in original cataloging and using oclc preferred. appli­ cant must have a strong interest in work in an academic communi­ cation skills, and be able to work with diverse groups in an ever changing automated environment. salary and rank of appointment as a faculty librarian commensurate with qualifications. applica­ tions received by february 9,1990, will be given first consideration but search will continue until a suitable person is found. preliminary contact may be arranged at ala-midwinter meeting. apply in writing, including a resume and three letters of reference, to: secretary, search committee, (hispanic/latin american cata­ loged, 271 hillman library, university of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, pa 15360. the university of pittsburgh is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. minorities are actively sought. humanities librarian. southern illinois university at carbon­ dale. responsible for overall administration of the humanities subject division library within centralized library. minimum qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited mls; advanced degree in subject field related to the areas served by the division; foreign language capability, particularly modern european; ability to maintain good working relationships with library staff and users; minimum of five years experience in academic library reference work; previous supervisory experience with a record of successful management; evidence of scholarly research and publication or creative activity record. preferred qualifications: experience as a department or division head in an academic/research library; ability to adapt to changing academic and library needs and to propose changes when appropriate to improve services and operations; knowledge of additional foreign languages, preferably french and/or german. salary of $40,000 and up based upon education and experience. faculty rank, full-time, tenure-track appointment. position pres­ ently available and to be filled as soon as possible. application deadline: january 15, 1990, or until filled. send application and names of three references to: angela rubin, chairperson, humani­ ties librarian search committee, morris library, southern illinois university at carbondale, carbondale, il 62901 -6632; (618) 546 3391. the university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. instruction and information services librarian, arizona state university, to serve as a member of the creative team which is responsible for the instruction, information services, publications, and signage programs of the libraries. this is a continuing appointment-track position, requiring professional de­ velopment and service in addition to excellence on the job, and represents an outstanding opportunity for a bright recent mls graduate. the asu libraries are rapidly becoming fully automated and offer a dynamic environment in which to learn and grow. required: ala-accredited mls degree; excellent interpersonal and communication skills; ability to contribute effectively to plan­ ning and developing library service programs; aptitude for library instruction and orientation; potential supervisory ability; team ori­ entation and adaptability. preferred: experience in and enthusi­ asm for teaching, training, instructional materials development, and signage; familiarity with online public access catalog systems; strong knowledge of reference sources, including general refer­ ence and government documents creativity and desire for innova­ tion computer literacy. salary; $21,000 and up, dependent on qualifications and experience. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of libraries, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287-1006; (phone: 602/965-3417). recruitment will remain open until the position is filled, with review of applications begin­ ning january, 1990. asu is an affirmative-action, equal-opportu­ nity employer. librarian/archivist. texas christian university, a research institution of 7,000 students, is accepting applications for a librar ian/archivist for the james c. wright jr. collection housed at the mary couts burnett library at tcu. the person will be directly responsible for planning and implementation of procedures to accession, arrange, describe, and develop finding aids and marc-amc records for the james c. wright jr. papers and other political manuscripts. position includes responsibility for supervis­ ing and training of staff and student assistants; publicity; exhibits; and reference duties for the wright collection. requires ala accredited mls with an archival concentration and a second advanced degree. preference given to candidates with a ph.d. in american history or related field. significant archival experience, preferably in a large 20th century political archival and manuscript collection. requires demonstrated knowledge of archival prin­ ciples and practices, experience with marc-amc, and computer applications in archival collections. must have excellent communi­ cations, organization and interpersonal skills. prefer evidence of interest and or experience in working with oral history projects. $24,000-$26,000. position available january 1, 1990. preference given to applications received by december 20, 1989. interested candidates should send vita and three references to: fred heath, university librarian, mary couts burnett library, texas christian university, box 32904, fort worth, tx 76129. eeo/aae. library director. committed to making the library a focal point of campus life; encourage staff development; and encourage innovative and forward thinking. requires mls from ala-accred­ ited school, 5-10 years academic library experience; supervisory experience; knowledge of library automation; excellent oral and written communication skills; working knowledge of all library de­ partments; and experience in resource management with a knowl­ edge of university budgeting processes. position available: july 1, 1990. application deadline: january 15, 1990. send letter of appli­ cation, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of five references to: director of human resources management, north­ west missouri state university, maryville, mo 64468. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. northwest encourages women and minorities to apply. monographic cataloger. responsibilities: reports to the head of cataloging. catalogs and classifies new titles in english and other languages of specialization. edits member rlin copy, especially for backlog, gift, and language materials. catalogs ma­ terials located in the special collections department. reviews rlin member copy and prepares, as needed, cataloging records for titles in. series that are classed together. performs the commit­ tee duties and other responsibilities normally expected of a mem­ ber of the university academic faculty. qualifications: ala-ac­ credited mls. 2 years of post-mls experience in cataloging on a bibliographic utility (rlin or oclc preferred) using aacr2. knowledge of at least one western european language in addition to english. knowledge of latin and/or french desirable. knowl­ edge of rare book cataloging desirable. salary: commensurate with education and experience. minimum $24,000. deadline: review of letters of application and resumes will begin december 20, 1989. please include a list of three persons with addresses whom we can contact for references. apply to: christine m. travis, library personnel officer, university libraries-ul 139, the uni­ versity of albany, state university of new york, 14000 washing­ ton avenue, albany, ny 12222. the university at albany, state university of new york is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. applications from women, minority persons, handi­ capped persons, and special disabled and vietnam era veterans are especially welcome. music cataloger. responsible for cataloging assigned music and non-print materials for the university libraries and for assisting with the transition from a manual catalog to an online catalog. catalogs music scores, music and spoken word sound recordings and other non-print music materials using aacr2 revised, oclc/ marc formats for descriptive cataloging, and library of congress subject headings and classification schedule; supervises music catalog section of educational resources technical services, including training and supervision of cataloging assistants; creates and assists with maintenance of authority records; participates in development and evaluation of policies and procedures in techni­ cal services. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls or equivalent; knowledge of marc formats; aacr2 revised, library of congress subject headings and classification schedule; knowl­ edge of automated cataloging using a national bibliographic utility; working knowledge of at least one western european language; ef­ fective communication skills. preferred qualifications: advanced degree in music; music cataloging experience; supervisory expe­ rience. terms: fiscal year contract with 24 days vacation, excel­ lent fringe benefits, possible tenure-track appointment with faculty status depending on credentials. salary negotiable: $22,000 mini­ mum. application: send letter of application, resume, graduate transcripts (unofficial copies acceptable), and a list of three refer­ ences, including addresses and telephone numbers to: nyal wil­ liams, chairperson department of library service, ball state university, muncie, in 47306. consideration or credentials will begin december 15, 1989, and will continue until the position is december 1 9 8 9 / 1041 l ib r a r y d ir e c t o r the university of puget sound the university of puget sound invites applica­ tions and nominations for the year-round adminis­ trative position of director of collins memorial li­ brary (300,000+ volumes; member of oclc and government document depository). the director provides leadership and adminis­ trative guidance in planning, organizing, coordinat­ ing, directing, and evaluating all library functions and in integrating them with the instructional pro­ grams of the university. duties include manage­ ment of facilities, collections, and budgets; long range planning; personnel supervision, administra­ tion, and development; oversight of reference ac­ quisitions, circulation, technical, archival, and au­ dio-visual services; the continued development of automated information management and other computer-based systems; and representation of the library before constituencies and within profes­ sional organizations. the director reports to the academic dean. candidates must have an mls from an ala accredited program and substantial professional experience, including at least five years in an aca­ demic library setting with responsibilities at the department head level or above. a demonstrated commitment to theteaching, research, and service missions of the university; evidence of strong management abilities; skill in working effectively with staff, faculty, and students; the ability to serve as representative and advocate of the library and its programs; excellent oral and written communica­ tion skills; and evidence of continuing professional involvement are essential. a working knowledge of current and emerging automation systems and their service capacities is strongly desired. addi­ tional advanced degree in an appropriate field help­ ful. hiring range: $41,230-$49,377. applications will be reviewed beginning decem­ ber 20,1989, and will continue until the position is filled. candidates should submit interest letter, resume and names of three professional refer­ ences, to: library search university of puget sound p.o. box 7297 tacoma, wa 98407 an equal opportunity, affirmative action educa tor/employer. women and ethnic minorities are encouraged to apply. filled. can conduct preliminary interviews at mla and ala midwin­ ter meetings. ball state university practices equal opportunity in education and employment. processing coordinator (newly created position). search re-opened. faculty tenure track appointment. the processing coordinator has an academic year, guaranteed summer position, and reports to the library director. the position is a renewable three-year appointment, at the pleasure of the library director and the library faculty. this position invites applicants eager to partici­ pate in an active library reorganization. it also offers the opportunity of a leadership role on an innovative campus that serves as the library and academic networking hub for a 14-campus system. the university of wisconsin-stevens point is one of 13 degree-granting campuses in the university of wisconsin system. the university is located in central wisconsin, 110 miles north of madison. currently there are approximately 9,000 students and 550 faculty and aca­ demic staff members. the university library has a collection ex­ ceeding 300,000, a select government depository of 750,000, and a staff of 34, including 16 faculty. the library is highly automated, using oclc, ls2000 online cataloging and circulation system, faxon serials control, acq-350 acquisitions system, and online and compact disc technology. description: the processing coordi­ nator coordinates and integrates monograph and serials acquisi­ tions, cataloging, collection maintenance, and circulation services (including the main, reserve, periodicals, imc and government documents units). the processing coordinator is directly respon­ sible for the development and coordination of processing opera­ tional functions and services in the university library, including the management of the online catalog and the liaison and consulting activities for centersnet, the university’s network partnership with the uw-centers system. the coordinator is responsible for the formulation and management, in consultation with library faculty and staff, of processing policies. qualifications: mls from an ala accredited institution; second master’s or specialist degree is re­ quired for tenure as a faculty member; knowledge of, and experi­ ence with automated systems and a bibliographic utility in an academic library; successfully demonstrated managerial and su­ pervisory skills; commitment to shared governance; evidence of continual professional growth; strong communication and interper­ sonal skills. appointment date: as soon as possible after december 20,1989. rank and salary range: $24,400-$35,000; salary and rank dependent on qualifications and experience. application proce­ dure: please send letter of application, resume, and 3 names of references, addresses and phone numbers. apply to: carole van horn, chairperson, processing coordinator search and screen committee, university library, university of wisconsin-stevens point, stevens point, wl 54481; (715) 346-3601. deadline: the search and screen committee will begin reviewing applications on december 20, 1989, and will continue to do so until the position is filled. the university of wisconsin is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. reference librarian, documents division, entry-level posi­ tion: provide comprehensive reference assistance for the docu­ ments collection which includes the u.s. and texas state docu­ ments and the technical reports collections. conduct tours and assist with bibliographic instruction. organize and maintain u.s. patents collection. responsible for patent database searching. coordinates use of cd-rom databases for the division. qualifica­ tions: ala/mls. coursework in documents preferred. knowledge of microcomputer applications including cd-rom technology highly desirable. prefer preprofessional experience in documents, refer­ ence service or collection development. must have effective com­ munication skills and good public service attitude. salary: $21,000 for 10.5 months; $22,000 with additional masters. competitive benefits. no state income tax. faculty rank. texas a&m university has an enrollment of 40,000 and is located in bryan/college station between houston and austin. applications received by january 9, 1990, will receive first consideration. to apply send letter of applica­ tion, resume and names and telephone numbers of three profes­ sional references to: roberta pitts, head, personnel operations, evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843 5000; (409) 845-8111. aa, eeo employer. reference librarian in a library serving a multi-ethnic univer­ sity population of 12,000 in the san francisco bay area. responsi­ bilities: general reference service, bibliographic instruction, data­ base searching, reference collection development, other related duties as assigned, assignment includes evening and weekend 1042 / c& rl news duty and serving as backup at branch campus. required: ala accredited mls. at least two years of full-time professional aca­ demic library experience performing general reference, biblio­ graphic instruction, and database searching. library experience in the areas of business, law and/or government documents desir­ able. experience in working with ethnically diverse student body. ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writing. dem­ onstrated professional commitment. tenure-track appointment plus staff benefits at senior assistant librarian rank, depending upon experience and qualifications ($33,168-$39,924). progres­ sive professional and/or scholarly development required for tenure and promotion. to be assured of consideration, applications must be received by january 31, 1990. send letter of application, including complete resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references to: melissa rose, library director, cali­ fornia state university, hayward, hayward, ca 94542. applica­ tions from women and minorities welcomed. (aa/eoe). reference librarian. james madison university's carrier library is seeking a reference librarian for a new position. the university is a publicly-supported institution offering primarily undergraduate programs (enrollment approximately 10,000 fte). there are also graduate programs at the master’s level. located in virginia’s shenandoah valley, jmu is considered one of the out­ standing schools in the region, and aspires to be one of the best public undergraduate institutions in the nation. carrier library has modern facilities, offers more than 600,000 items in its collections, provides media resources and services, and has installed the vtls online catalog and circulation system. current periodical subscriptions number approximately 2,500 titles. the reference department provides access to the dialog and brs online serv­ ices in addition to several cd-rom databases. the staff consists of 19 library faculty and 35 fte classified staff. the reference librarian holds a 12-month tenure-track appointment with faculty rank. benefits include 20 days paid vacation plus university holidays, and paid bc/bs health insurance. retirement options are tiaa/cref or the virginia state system, with the university making the full contribution in either case. salary is negotiable depending upon qualifications, minimum, $25,000 per year. re­ quired: ala-accredited mls; ability to work cooperatively with faculty, students and colleagues is essential; ability to communi­ cate effectively both orally and in writing; strong commitment to public service; evidence of ability to provide effective courses related library instruction; potential to meet the requirements of a tenure-track faculty position. desirable: experience working with electronic information resources; experience providing reference assistance in an academic library. position description: primary responsibilities involve the provision and development of refer­ ence services. provides regularly scheduled reference assis­ tance, including some evenings and weekends; serves as liaison to designated academic departments; assumes responsibility for selection of materials, library instruction and the creation of bibliog­ raphies and research guides for these departments; participates in the development of the reference and general collections; serves in library and university committees; reports to the head refer­ ence librarian. james madison university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer and has as one of its objectives the development of a diverse faculty and student body. as a result the university is seeking faculty members with extensive experience working with minority students. applications for the position should include resume, transcripts, and three letters of reference. send applications to: ralph alberico, head reference librarian, james madison university, harrisonburg,.v a 22807. review of applica­ tions will begin january 3, 1990, and will continue until the position is filled. interviews may be conducted at the ala mid-winter conference in chicago. reference librarian, merrill library, utah state university. the reference staff works as a team in providing information service, online searching, distance education service, and biblio­ graphic instruction to faculty and staff of the university. cd-rom databases, and vendor services such as dialog, brs, stn, etc., in f o r m a t io n a n d r e f e r e n c e s e r v ic e s l ib r a r ia n (iii) rutgers university the james b. carey institute of management and labor relations library. under direction of library director will provide and coordinate information and reference services in labor, industrial relations, and human resources. responsibilities: implementation of new online information center; development of workshops in use of online information databases and retrieval; evaluation and development of reference collection; coordina­ tion of bibliographic searching. expected areas: research, publications, involvement in professional organizations, and participation in committee work at rutgers. qualifications: mls from an accredited library school and relevant experience academic background in industrial relations and/or advanced degree in social science preferred. up to date knowledge and experience in computer reference services and ability to integrate automated and traditional reference essential. strong training skills and ability to work effectively with faculty, students and public necessary. salary: negotiable, dependent upon experience and qualifications with a minimum of $30,705-$40,000 plus excellent benefit package. submit resumes and three sources for current references no later than january 15,1990, to: director library institute of management & labor relations rutgers university ryders lane and clifton ave. new brunswick, nj 08903 phone inquires (201) 932-9513. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. december 1989 / 1043 are within the reference team framework. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. demonstrated training with data­ base searching and reference services. preferred: facility with computers and software; knowledge of latest developments in computer reference services; strong oral and written communica­ tion skills; ability to work with diverse groups; demonstrated suc­ cess in project management. 12-month, library faculty rank ap­ pointment. salary: $20,000. application deadline is january 15, 1990. utah state university is a land grant institution serving a student population of 12,000. it is situated in a valley 80 miles north of salt lake city and offers many outdoor recreational facilities. send letter of application and resume, with names, addresses, and phone numbers of references to: max peterson, director, library and information services, merrill library, utah state university, logan, ut 84322-3000. eeo/aa employer. reference librarian, real estate institute library. principal duties include reference, collection development, and liaison with the real estate institute and industry. accredited mls degree in business or related subject area preferred. subject master’s de­ gree required for tenure. two years experience in an academic or special business library. knowledge or real estate literature and library applications of microcomputers useful. salary commensu­ rate with experience and background, minimum $27,000. faculty status, tuition remission, excellent pension programs and five weeks annual vacation. to ensure consideration, send resume and letter of application, including the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references by december 1, 1989, to: alice deich, personnel officer, new york university libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012. nyu encour­ ages applications from women and members of minority groups. reference librarian, science & technology (entry level, search extended). provides comprehensive reference assistance with emphasis on the sciences, from a centralized reference collection. prepares bibliographies and guides for use in staff training and classroom instruction. assists with bibliographic in­ struction, computerized reference services and cd-rom search services. serves as one of seven reference division resource librarians in the sciences. qualifications: ala/mls. entry level (no post-mls experience). academic background in the sciences required, preferable in the agriculture, physical or life sciences. a second master's degree in a science-related field preferred. pre professional library experience and experience with online sys­ tems of bibliographic data retrieval desirable. salary: $21,000 for 10.5 months; $22,000 with additional master's. competitive bene­ fits. no state income tax. faculty rank. texas a&m university has an enrollment of 40,000 and is located in bryan/college station between houston and austin. applications received by january 9, 1990, will receive first consideration. to apply send letter of application, resume and names and telephone numbers of three professional references to: roberta pitts, head, personnel opera­ tions, evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843-5000. (409) 845-8111. aa, eeo employer. reference librarian, university of pittsburgh, hillman li­ brary. the reference librarian/philosophy, and history and phi­ losophy of science bibliographer, hillman library is a faculty h e a d , g e n e r a l r e f e r e n c e s e c t io n penn state university libraries the pennsylvania state university libraries (search re-opened) seek an energetic, creative team leader for the position of head of the general reference section. this is a faculty position with academic rank at penn state’s university park campus which currently enrolls over 37,000 students. the section head reports to the chief of the humanities and social sciences department and is responsible for development, maintenance, and participation in a broad range of humanities and social science reference and general information services, instructional programs, collection development, and foractive participation in department planning. the reference collection contains approximately 50,000 volumes and an innovative cd-rom service center. continued aggressive development of electronic reference services is planned. staffing currently consists of the section head, ten faculty, four support staff and twenty-four part-time assistants. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, or equivalent, and significant experience in a large, academic/ research reference environment are required. the ability to provide leadership in a dynamic, changing environment is essential, as are strong interpersonal skills, demonstrated supervisory skills, and a knowledge of the majortrends in academic reference librarianship. an additional advanced degree in the humanities or social sciences and experience with automated reference services are preferred. potential for promotion and tenure will be considered. salary and rank dependent on qualifications, minimum $34,000. benefits include liberal vacation excellent insurances, state ortiaa/c r ef retirement options and educational privilege. to apply, send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: nancy slaybaugh personnel coordinator boxgrs-acrl penn state university libraries university park, pa 16802 applications will be reviewed beginning january 5,1990, and continue until the position is filled. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer; women and minorities are encouraged to apply. 1044 / c& rl news librarian position in the reference department and reports to th head of public services, hillman library. the librarian is respon sible for providing a wide range of reference services and librar instruction to users. he/she is also responsible for developing collections in the fields of philosophy and the history and philoso phy of science. requirements: a master's degree from and alaaccredited library school and a strong background in philosophy o sciences are required. reading knowledge of french and german. substantial reference, online searching and library instruction skills are highly desirable. academic or research library experi e ­ y ­ f ­ ence definitely an asset. candidate must possess excellent oral and written communication skills, and be able to work well with a diverse group of library staff, students and faculty. willingness to work evenings, weekends and occasional holiday schedules is required. salary and rank of appointment as a faculty librarian commensurate with qualifications. applications must be received no later than december 15, 1989. apply in writing, including a resume and three letters of reference, to: secretary, search com­ mittee, reference librarian/philosophy and history and philoso­ december 1989 / 1045 phy of science bibliographer, hillman library, 271 hillman library, university of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, pa 15260. the university of pittsburgh is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. minorities are actively sought. reference librarian. west virginia university’s health sci­ ences library announces a new reference position. under direc­ tion of the head of reference, provides reference service including some night and weekend hours; performs computerized literature searches and assists users with cd-rom products; and informal instruction on use of reference tools. minimum qualifications: ala accredited mls; strong service orientation; excellent oral and written communication skills. minimum salary and rank: $19,500. 12-month appointment; staff librarian and adjunct instructor, non­ tenure earning faculty position. tiaa/cref, 24 days annual leave and other excellent benefits. deadline for applications: january 15, 1989. starting date negotiable. send letter of application stating qualifications; 2 copies of resume; and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least 3 professional references to: robert murphy, head of search committee, health sciences library, west virginia university, morgantown, wv 26506. west virginia university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. romance languages cataloger. harvard law school library. duties: this position has primary responsibility for original cataloging of materials in romance languages using aacr2, lc subject headings, lc classification and local classification sys­ tems for legal materials, and the rlin bibliographic utility. this position will also edit contributed copy from other rlin libraries to full aacr2 standards, recatalog older library materials as required, contribute authority information to the harvard authority file and to the library of congress name authority file via the naco project, and maintain the backlog of romance languages materials. the harvard law school library serves an international research community as well as the faculty and students of the school. its collections of 1.5 million volumes from most of the world’s legal jurisdictions include more than 12,000 active serial titles. the current legal information budget is $1.4 million. the harvard law library is a member of the research libraries group and the new england law library consortium. the harvard on-line library information system is used for integrated technical processing and for the public catalog. requirements: mls from an ala-accredited library school; fluent reading knowledge of two romance lan­ guages, and some cataloging experience are required; working knowledge of other romance languages and familiarity with auto­ mated cataloging procedures, rlin or oclc, are desirable. ap­ pointment at librarian i or ii rank. salary negotiable depending upon experience; salary range: $26,000-$42,000; generous bene­ fits, including professional development support. for full consid­ eration, send letter, resume, and names of three references to: harry s. martin iii, librarian, harvard law school, langdell hall, cambridge, ma 02138. position available immediately. harvard university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. serials librarian. an assistant serials librarian is needed to fill a new, entry-level position. the department consists of a fte staff of seven, is completing conversion from manual to online records, and is an oclc union list member. participate in acquisi­ tions, collection management, public services. an mls degree from an ala-accredited school is required. excellent fringe bene­ fits including faculty status. beginning salary is $22,000. send resume by december 31st to: james delancey, georgetown university library, p.o. box 37445, washington, dc 20013. georgetown university is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. serials manager. responsible for series technical services functions, including acquisitions, cataloging, and database main­ tenance of a cpllection of over 5,000 current subscriptions (printed, cd-rom, microforms, etc.). managing unit whose materials budget is upwards of $550,000, developing bibliographic and serials control policies and procedures, and participating in im­ plementation of the library’s notis-based automated system. reporting to the coordinator for systems and technical services. qualifications: ala-accredited mls for rank of instructor, plus subject master’s degree for rank of assistant professor. profes­ sional experience with serials cataloging and acquisitions in aca­ demic or research libraries, as well as knowledge of automated serials control system capabilities required. applications must be received by january 16,1990, for march 1 starting date. applicants must submit a letter of application, a current resume, and names of three professional references to: acting chief librarian, baruch college, 17 lexington avenue, box 317, new york, ny 10010. aa/ eoe. special collections librar1an/archivist. collects, preserves, catalogs, and provides reference service for special collections and archival materials. special collections includes texana, rare books, fine bindings. archives includes manuscripts and correspondence, photos, rare books, maps, and other histori­ cal materials relating to south texas. duties include collection development, reference, instruction, conservation, preservation, organization of materials, exhibits. reports to director. position is twelve-month appointment. librarians are distinct group of aca­ demic professionals. expansion of university in near future as part of texas a&m university system will provide opportunities for creative leadership. qualifications required: ala-mls or graduate degree in related subject area with applicable special collections/ historical archives experience and at least five years appropriate professional experience in a university or research library. effec­ tive writing and oral communication skills, demonstrated familiarity with library automation applied to special collections, archives, skills in basic paper, photograph preservation, conservation, demonstrated ability to work successfully with colleagues, faculty, researchers, public. preferred: knowledge of texana, familiarity with rare book market, advanced degree in relevant field of history, interest in the literature and cultures of texas and especially south texas, and familiarity with asksam, the text-oriented microcom­ puter database currently in use. knowledge of spanish. salary negotiable from $27,000 depending on qualifications and experi­ ence. benefits include percentage payment of social security premiums, state vacation, holiday benefit package, including op­ tional retirement program. screening of applicants will begin janu­ ary 2. send letter of application addressing qualifications, resume, references to: r. l. o’keeffe, university library, corpus christi state university, 6300 ocean drive, corpus christi, texas 78412. aa/eeo. systems librarian. responsible for implementing and main­ taining online systems for ball state university libraries. partici­ pates in analyses of program requirements for modifications and enhancements to notis system; cooperates with university computing services to design, program, test, and implement changes to notis modules; designs and manages statistical reports generated by sas program; documents local program modifications; trouble shoots software problems; trains and super­ vises assistant; assists in planning, developing goals, and proj­ ects, and in preparing reports, and budgetary requests for library automation. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls and bs or equivalent in computer science or information systems; at least three years applications programming experience in a mainframe environment such as ibm operating mvs. experience with marc database management. preferred qualifications: experience in programming in assembler, pl/i and sas; knowledge of the ibm based/notis system; familiarity with local area networks. terms: fiscal year contract with 24 days vacation, excellent fringe bene­ fits, possible tenure-track appointment with faculty status depend­ ing on credentials. salary negotiable: $30,000 minimum. applica­ tion: send letter of application, resume, graduate transcripts (unofficial copies acceptable), and a list of three references, including addresses and telephone numbers to: nyal williams, c ha irpe rso n , d epa rtm e n t of l ibrary s e rvice , ball state university, muncie, in 47306. consideration of credentials will begin december 15, 1989, and will continue until the position is filled. can conduct preliminary interviews at ala mid-winter meet­ ing in chicago. ball state university practices equal opportunity in education and employment. university librarian, the university of british columbia. search reopened. the university of british columbia invites applications and nominations for the position of university librar­ ian. the ubc library is the second largest university library in canada, with a collection comprising 2.7 million catalogued vol­ umes and more than 4 million items in other formats. it provides support for a broad range of undergraduate, graduate, and profes­ sional programmes through a system which includes a central library and fifteen branch libraries. the library has a staff of 370, including about 100 professional librarians, and an annual budget of $16 million. the university librarian is the chief executive officer 1046 / c&rl news saint louis university director pius xii memorial library saint louis university invites applications and nominations of highly qualified candidates for the position of director of its main university research library, comprising the general collections, the divinity library, and special collections including the vatican film library. total collections exceed 750,000 volumes. the director reports to the academic vice president for frost campus and manages a staff of 80 f i b (including 19 professionals with non-tenured faculty rank and status) and a total budget of $2.7 million. pius xii memorial library serves directly or indirectly the needs of faculty and students from six colleges and schools on the frost campus: arts and sciences, the graduate school, philosophy and letters, business and administration, law, and social service. present automation includes oclc, the intelligent catalog, serials and acquisitions systems, cd-rom databases and online search services, and a state-of-the-art library-wide microcomputer network. the library participates in the missouri union list of serials project and local academic consortia. planning for selection and installation of a university­ wide automated library system is about to begin. an independent university committed to the jesuit, catholic tradition, saint louis university was founded in 1818. it operates with three campuses in addition to the main frost campus in midtown st. louis. it has a total enrollment of 11,555, a faculty of 995, and a support and administrative staff of 1,933. in addition to pius xii, the university library system includes libraries in the law and medical schools, the school of social service, and on the parks college campus. the director has primary responsibility for budget, facilities, personnel, services and operations, collection development, library automation, planning, fund raising, and local library cooperation. candidates should demonstrate proven service-oriented leadership and administration in a large academic library; service and leadership within the profession; thorough knowledge of, and planning experience with, a microcomputer-to-mainframe library information technology environment; strong commitment to the teaching, research, and service missions of the university; superior communication skills; capacity to establish collegial working relationships with faculty, administration, students, and other clienteles; experience in library fund raising and community relations; and a commitment to regional resource sharing. candidates should possess an ala-accredited master’s degree and a record of not less than five years of increasing administrative experience and accomplishment in an academic research library. an additional advanced degree in an appropriate subject field is highly desirable; a doctoral level degree is preferred. applications should include a resume and names and addresses of at least three professional references. candidate review will begin by january 1,1990, and will continue until a suitable candidate pool has been identified. appointment will be effective july 1, 1990. salary will be competitive and commensurate with experience and qualifications: minimum $54,000. applications, nominations, and inquiries should be addressed to: dr. thomas j. kramer, chairperson library director search committee department of psychology saint louis university st. louis, mo 63103 saint louis university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer, m /f /h /v . december 1989 / 1047 of the university library, responsible for the management and development of the library collection; the provision of library services; the management of the library budget and allocation of resources; the continued development of automated management and other computer-based information systems; the direction and development of staff resources; the planning of future library services; and the library’s participation in regional, national, and international cooperative efforts. the university is currently en­ gaged in a major development campaign, in which the library figures prominently. the university librarian reports directly to the vice president, student & academic services and is an ex-officio member of the university senate. applicants must have a profes­ sional qualification in librarianship. advanced degrees in librarian ship, in addition to the professional qualification, or in other disci­ plines would be desirable. the successful candidate will have a thorough familiarity with the operation of a modern academic research library; strong leadership and management skills at a senior administrative level and in a collegial environment; and a demonstrated ability to represent the library persuasively within the university and externally. a firm grasp of the issues facing research libraries and the trends that affect them is essential. the appointment will be effective july 1, 1990. salary depends on qualifications and experience but will not be less than $80,000 canadian currency per year. the university librarian is appointed for a renewable term of six years and will have a continuing appointment as a librarian. to be assured of full consideration, nominations and applications (including vitae and the names of three references) should be submitted by january 31, 1990, to: k.d. srivastava, vice president, student & academic services, the university of british columbia, 6328 memorial road, van­ couver, b.c. v6t 2b3. the university of british columbia offers equal employment opportunities to qualified male and female applicants. in accordance with canadian immigration require­ ments, this advertisement is directed to qualified canadian citi­ zens and permanent residents of canada. user services librarian. the university of idaho library is looking for a general reference librarian with skill in setting up and maintaining access to cd-rom products, both bibliographic and statistical. principal duties include providing reference service to library users, including occasional weekend hours; bibliographic instruction; coordinating the installation and use of both the cd rom catalog and reference products; coordination of online searching; supervision of lan when installed. required: ala accredited mls. significant experience with ms-dos computers and cd-rom products. preferred: reference experience; com­ puter searching experience/training. benefits: full faculty rank and benefits; $20,500 minimum depending on experience. located in scenic northern idaho, the university of idaho offers the cultural amenities of a university community, while being located in the midst of an outstanding outdoor recreation area, within easy drive of national parks and wilderness areas. to apply, send vita and names of three references to: ronald w. force, selection commit­ tee chair, university of idaho library, moscow, id 83843; (203) 885-7070. application review begins january 2, 1990. (may be extended until a suitable candidate applies.) aaæoe. late job listings catalo g lib r a r ia n . (search re-opened). performs original and adaptive cataloging according to aacr2, oclc, and lc standards; creates and maintains records in card and online files; participates in formulating cataloging policies and procedures; assists with training personnel; develops and recommends authority control procedures and resolves authority problems. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; academic library cataloging experience with aacr2 and lc classification desirable; knowledge of oclc and other automated systems desirable; knowledge of online authority control systems desirable; working knowl­ edge of a western foreign language, preferably german. minimum salary $20,316. send letter o f application, resume and three letters of reference to: personnel office, box 1184, washington university, one brookings drive, st. louis, mo 63130 4899. position will remain open until filled. initial review o f applications will begin january 15,1990. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. washing­ ton university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. collectiondevelopmentlibrarian-musicdnstructor,tenure-track), sam houston state university. reporting to the head, collection services, the position will be responsible for collection development, including the selection of materials, evaluation o f collections, and collection assessment in several subject areas including music; will assist with the cataloging of music scores, sound recordings, monographs, and serials; will oversee the general reference desk some evenings and weekends. required: ala-accredited mls and a background in music preferred, second master’s in a subject field required for tenure. salary $19,000 for a 9-month, tenure-track position. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: jaspyr sanford, head, collection services, newton gresham library, sam houston state university, huntsville, tx 77341, by january 30,1990. shsu is an eeo and affirmative action employer. dean, school of library and information science. indiana university invites applications and nominations for the position o f dean of the school o f library and information science. the school offers three degree programs: the master o f library science, the specialist, and the doctor of philosophy. the school also offers seven dual master’s degree programs and three specializations. it is one of the largest 1048 / c&rl news schools in the country with a master’s enrollment of over 370 (fte of 230) and a doctoral enrollment of over 60. it has a full-time faculty of 16. the school has a large extended education program, offering courses at eight locations away from the bloomington campus. the position will be available september 1, 1990. the dean is the chief executive officer of the school and reports to the chancellor of the bloomington campus of the university. the dean provides academic leadership, articulates the mission of the school, facilitates the conduct of research, and maintains a strong funding base. the position is a tenured academic appointment. an applicant for this position should possess leadership qualities, an ability to foster collegiality in a faculty, and an ability and desire to be an energetic advocate for the school within the university community and the profession on a local, state, and national level. the applicant should also have an extensive knowledge of library and information science education and a record of sustained, productive scholar­ ship in library and information science. competitive salary beginning at $70,000. bloomington is located in scenic southern indiana and provides superb opportuni­ ties for culture and leisure activity. send letter o f application and detailed curricu­ lum vitae to: george w. whitbeck, chair, slis dean search committee, school of library and information science, indiana university, bloomington, in 47405. applications will be reviewed beginning january 20, 1990, and the process will continue until the position is filled. indiana university is an affirmative action and equal opportunity employer. women and minority candidates are encouraged to apply. head, collection management. the milbank memorial library of teachers college, columbia university is seeking an innovative manager to develop the library’s collections. the library contains the largest and richest collection of materials on the educating, psychological, and health service profes­ sions. materials are collected in all formats (print, archival, nonprint, and com­ puter-based). responsibilities include: collection assessment, initiating and coordi­ nating implementation of collection policies, working with faculty ad librarians in collection development activities; providing effective access to research resources through planning and budget, evaluation and analysis, policies and procedures, outreach programs, and use and user studies. qualifications: mls from an ala accredited school; graduate degree desirable, preferably in education or behavioral sciences; minimum 3 years relevant experience, preferably in an academic library setting; excellent oral/written communication skills; organizational, analytical, quantitative skills. salary: minimum $28,144. excellent fringe benefits including bc/bs, major medical, dental and vision plans, tiaa/cref retirement plan, tuition exemption, 13 paid holidays and 24 vacation days. send your resume including the names and addresses of three references to: maureen horgan, planning coordinator, box 307, the milbank memorial library, columbia uni­ versity teachers college, 525 west 120th street, new york, ny 10027. teachers college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, textiles library. the north carolina state university libraries invites applications and nominations for the position of head, textiles library. organized in 1949, the burlington textiles library is one of the world’s leading textiles research libraries. with a staff o f two librarians, two library assistants, and two fte student assistants, the library serves a faculty of 54 and a student body of over 750. the textiles library will occupy a new 12,000 square foot facility in 1990 when the college of textiles movers to the new research campus. responsibilities: under the direction of the assistant director for public services, has administra­ tive responsibility for the burlington textiles library. plans and develops pro­ grams in collection management and public services in support of one of the world’s leading textiles programs. provides dynamic leadership in planning and imple­ menting services that incorporate new technology in meeting textiles information d ecem ber 1989 / 1049 needs. participates in college o f textiles building project that features a new textiles library opening in 1990. is responsible for planning, budget, personnel, and facilities management. serves as a member o f the libraries’ middle management group, participates in the libraries’ planning activities, and is expected to be active professionally. qualifications: required: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. substantial experience in a special or academic research library. subject degree or experience in a science/engineering library. substantive experi­ ence with online searching in chemistry and other textile-related subjects. effective interpersonal skills and some administrative and supervisory experience neces­ sary. preferred: experience with the application o f technology to the delivery of library services. knowledge o f microcomputer applications. north carolina state university is located in raleigh within the research triangle. this region o f north carolina contains one o f the nations’ premier concentrations o f academic, corpo­ rate, and public research. the area offers outstanding opportunities for profes­ sional growth and an exceptional quality o f life. salary range: $31,000-$38,000. librarians at ncsu have academic status without tenure or faculty rank. benefits include: 24 days vacation, health insurance, state retirement and disability. additional dental, life, and legal plans are available. tuition waiver program for all 16 campuses o f the university o f north carolina available. to apply: the position is available as o f january 2, 1990. applications are being reviewed and the process will continue until the position is filled. interested candidates should send a resume and the names and addresses o f three current, confidential references to: chair, textiles search committee, office o f personnel services, box 7111, north caro­ lina state university libraries, raleigh, nc 27695-7111. aa/eoe. information/reference librarian, access services department. search extended. librarian i (full year, full-time library continuing employment system). responsible for general reference services including nights and weekends, and bibliographic instruction. will also coordinate the database searching program within information/reference. required: mls degree from ala-accredited institu­ tion, ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writing, and familiarity with online searching bibliographic databases. minimum salary $24,000. screening will commence january 3,1990. applications received by then will receive priority consideration. send resume, including names and addresses o f three current references to: clifford h. haka, head, access services, michigan state university libraries, east lansing, mi 48824. microcomputer specialist. the atkins library o f the university o f north carolina at charlotte seeks an individual who, under the direction o f the associate director o f the library, will have the following responsibilities: serve as the first responder to microcomputer hardware or software problems; assist in the development o f microcomputer software applications for the library; provide staff training for various types o f microcomputer hardware and software; maintain the library’s microcomputer software and hardware. the atkins library is noted for its application o f technology. it uses the vtls system for its online catalog and circulation control. the innovacq system is used for the acquisition o f materials and serials check-in. more than 12 cd-rom products are used in reference and other areas o f the library. over 50 microcomputers are in use throughout the library, many o f which are linked through a local area network. a minimum o f one year of experience working with ms dos microcomputers is required. experience with apple ii and macintosh microcomputers highly desirable. familiarity with oclc marc record formats and online bibliographic search services is necessary. knowledge o f standard word processing, spreadsheet, and data base management software is required together with knowledge o f an upper-level programming language. experience training people in the use o f computers is highly desirable. strong interpersonal and communication skills are a necessity. a master’s degree 1050 / c&rl news is required. all other qualifications being equal, preference will be given to candidates who have a master’s degree in library science from a program accredited by the american library association. twelve-month contract. minimum salary $24,000. state mandated benefits. send resume and the names of three references by february 1, 1990, to: microcomputer specialist search committee, c/o carole mciver, administrative services librarian, atkins library, the university of north carolina, charlotte, nc 28223. aaæeo. serials cataloger. duties: responsible for original/shared cataloging and classification of serials and serial analytics in all subject areas and all languages in both book and non-book format. provides reference service in the current periodi cals/microforms area. some evening work required. reports to head, serials department and supervises classified staff and student assistants. this position is governed by the university’s policies for research or creative achievement and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifications: required: mls from ala-accredited library school; bibliographic knowledge of foreign lan­ guages; evidence of research and publication. desirable: cataloging experience in an automated system (rlin, oclc, etc.); knowledge of lc classification and subject headings, aacr2 and marc formats; bibliographic knowledge of russian language; demonstrated supervisory ability; second master’s degree. screening date: january 15, 1990. search will remain open until filled. salary: $28,966 (minimum). benefits: tiaa/cref; state retirement system; comprehensive medical protection; 21 days vacation; university holidays; generous sick leave. university libraries: a member of the research libraries group and arl, the university library consists of a main library and six branches. the collection contains more than 2.2 million volumes, 17,000 periodical subscriptions, and three outstanding special collections in history of science, western history, and business history. a major expansion of the main library was completed in may 1982, doubling the size of library facilities. the libraries possess an ls2 automated circulation system and is involved in the implementation of notis. employment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, rank o f assistant professor or above, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume and the names of three references including current supervisor to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. social sciences librarian. renorts to head of reference and research services unit; provides reference service in a centralized reference unit; performs online literature searches; provides collection development, bibliographic instruc­ tion and faculty liaison in the social sciences, primarily anthropology/social work, geography, political science, women’s studies. required: ala-accredited mls; online literature searching experience; initiative; flexibility; excellent interper­ sonal and verbal/written communication skills. preferred: experience with library microcomputer applications; subject background in one or more of the above fields; academic library experience; experience in collection development. salary: $20,500 minimum for 12-month appoint. a higher salary can be negotiated depending upon qualifications and experience. librarians at ksu have academic rank and are eligible for tenure, sabbatical leaves and other research support. vacation of 22 working days. blue cross/blue shield and choice of retirement plans. kansas state university, founded in 1863 and one of the nation’s oldest land-grant universities, is located in manhattan, a community of 45,000 in the rolling flint hills. the university has 1,500 full-time faculty and an enrollment o f over 20,000. ksu libraries contain over 1.1 million cataloged volumes and have a materials budget in excess of 2.0 million. position available january 15, 1990. deadline for applica­ tion: december 30, 1989. send letter o f application; resume; names, addresses and december 1989 / 1051 phone numbers of three relevant references to: jean mcdonald, administrative services, kansas state university libraries, manhattan, ks 66506. ksu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. social sciences reference librarian, the university o f oklahoma. duties: under the general direction of the head o f reference, this position provides reference and bibliographic service in the social sciences (specifically, sociology, social work, human relations, women’s studies, education, physical education, psychology, and human development); provides general reference service at the library’s main reference desk; participates in collection development activities in the above subject areas; performs online bibliographic searches; and participates in library instruction including general tours and specific subject-oriented presenta­ tions. this position is governed by the university’s policies for research or creative achievement and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. quali­ fications: required: mls from ala-accredited library school; second master’s degree in a social sciences discipline or equivalent professional library experience; knowledge of database searching and library instruction concepts and methods; evidence of research and publication. desirable: strong interpersonal and commu­ nication skills; working knowledge of one or more modern european languages; knowledge of or experience with a major bibliographic utility. screening date: january 15,1990. search will remain open until filled. salary: $28,966 (minimum). benefits: tiaa/cref; state retirement system; comprehensive medical protec­ tion; 21 days vacation; university holidays; generous sick leave. university librar­ ies: a member of the research libraries group and arl, the university library consists of a main library and six branches. the collection contains more than 2.2 million volumes, 16,000 periodical subscriptions, and three outstanding special collections in history of science, western history, and business history. a major expansion of the main library was completed in may 1982, doubling the size of library facilities. the libraries currently operates a ls2 automated circulation system and is developing the notis library system. employment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, rank of assistant professor or above, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume and the names of three references including current supervisor to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. “ when you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it.” william thomson, lord kelvin acrl university library statistics 1987-88 compiled by robert e. molyneux reports statistics on collections, personnel, and expenditures for 100 non-arl university libraries. “deci­ sion makers need valid and reliable data. the title provides such data for academic libraries,” library journal said o f the last edition. 1989. 80p. isbn: 0-8389-7288-8. $49.95; acrl member $29.95 special offer! buy both the print book and the machine readable data for only $99.95— a ten dollar savings ($66.95 for acrl members). use order number 0-8389-7311-6. acrl academic library statistics, 1978/79-1987/88 (diskettes) prepared by robert e. molyneux machine-readable diskettes accom­ panied by a detailed user guide, con­ tain data from the five editions of a series of academic library data pub­ lished by acrl (1978-79,1981-82, 1983-84,1985-86,1987-88). the data are presented in three formats: ascii, sas data sets, and “dif” (data inter­ change format) which can bring the data into lotus 1-2-3. the package contains four ms-dos 5.25" 360k diskettes and two ms-dos 3.5" 720k floppy diskettes. 1989. isbn: 0-8389-7310-8. $59.95; acrl member $47.95. association of college and research libraries c /o ala publishing services, o rder d eparm ent,50 e. h uron st., chicago, il 60611; 312-944-6780 a division of the c all toll-free: 800-545-2433 (u.s.): 800-545-2444 (111.); american library association 800-545-2455 (canada), fax: 312-440-9374 structure bookmarks 1032 / c&rl news deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.75 per line for acrl members, $7.25 for others. late job notices are $13.75 per line for members, $16.20 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their services availablebook search service. general and french-language titles. no fee. contact: diane pyke, 1107c glacier ave., pacifica, ca 94044.positions openassistant catalog librarian, south dakota state univer­sity. (12-month, tenure-track). open april 1 ‚ 1990. faculty position responsible for providing bibliographic control of monographic titles, series, and other materials through cataloging and classifica­tion consistent with aacr2 and lc marc formats; utilizing oclc in the cataloging of materials and december 1989 / 1033 leader and work collegially with individuals throughout the organi­zation, excellent communication skills are necessary for the posi­tion. the proven ability to establish and maintain relationships with internal and external constituencies is crucial as is the stature to serve as one of the library’s primary links with the university, local, state, and national library communities. required: mls from an ala-accredited program. second advanced degree desired. at least five years of professional experience. t irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; telephone: (714) 8567115. aa/eeo.catalog librarian at arizona state university, which offers the opportunity to work within the environment of an innovative and highly automated research library. responsibilities include cata­loging in the social sciences and/or humanities, dependent on departmental needs and the subject and language background of the successful candidate; participation in the planning, govern­ance and general management of the department of crimi connecticut indiana iowa kansas louisiana maine massachusetts new hamphsire new jersey new york north carolina ohio pennsylvania rhode island vermont west virginia wisconsin $22,200varies*$19,619$17,500*$20,000varies*$22,000$17,500$22,000varies*$20,832$20,024$20,000$21,000$19,000$20,000$23,700 ‘rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. 1034 / c&rl news salary; $21,000 and up, dependent on qualifications (but essen­tially an entry-level position). to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of university libraries, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287-1006; (phone 602/965-3417). recruitment will remain open until the position is filled, with review of applications beginning january 15, 1990. asu is an affirmative-action, equa ices experience are desirable. this is a ten-month, tenure track faculty position at the rank of instructor or assistant professor, depending on the qualifications of the successful candidate; a master’s degree required; an additional graduate degree and evi­dence of scholarly work will be necessary to obtain tenure. minimum salary is $25,000. position is available september 1,1990. creden­tials review will begin january 15, 1990. send resume and the names of three references to: david h. eyman, college lib two positions purdue universitypurdue university, undergraduate library. creative, energetic, and visionary individuals sought for an evolving undergraduate library with primary mission to meet the information needs of lower-division undergraduates.reference and instruction librarian. requirements: master’s degree in library/lnformation science (ala-accredited). minimum of three years professional academic reference experience. desired qualifi­cations: previous experience in bibliographic instruction, super december 1989 / 1035 in unit quality control activities and automation efforts. works at the reference desk nights and weekends as required. minimum quali­fications: ala-accredited mls; 1-3 years of relevant cataloging experience, preferably in an academic setting; reading knowledge of at least 1 european language; knowledge of aacr2 and usmarc formats; effective written, oral and interpersonal commu­nication skills. preferred: reading knowledge of 2 european lan­guages; science background; familiarity with nlm-classification a january 30, 1990. an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ployer.director of libraries, washington state university, pull­man, washington. washington state university invites applica­tions and nominations for the position of director of libraries. the director is the chief administrative and financial officer of the university libraries and reports to the provost. washington state university is a comprehensive research institution which is the land-grant university for the state, with a student enrollme business reference ubrarian/bibliographermiami universitythe business reference librarian/bibliographer (re-opened) is responsible for collection development n business, with special emphasis in accounting, management, and marketing. serves as faculty liaison o departments within the school of business administration. provides reference/users services, including ›nline searching (with assistance from computer services librarian), bibliographic instruction, and other duties as assigned. reports to head, huma 1036 / c&rl news ployer. members of ethnic minorities, women, vietnam-era or disabled veterans, persons of disability, and/or persons between the ages of 40 and 70 are encouraged to apply.documents librarian. tenure-track, 12-month appointment. reports to head, documents department. responsible for opera­tion of libraries programs for u.s. and colorado documents; maps; microtext; collection development; processing services; biblio­graphic instruction; reference assistance; database searching; and supervision of support and oclc or other major bibliographic utilities, marc formats and local automated systems; thorough knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and authority control; excellent oral, written, and interpersonal communication skills. preferred: record of increas­ing responsibility of staff supervision; experience with vtls; budg­etary experience; potential for research and evidence of scholarly/ professional achievement, evidence of creative and imaginative contributions to overall library management. this is a 12mon december 1989 / 1037 ing approval plan jobbers. desired: bachelor's degree in the biological or health sciences. contribution to regional and/or na­tional professional associations and/or publications. associate or senior associate librarian depending on final classification. mini­mum salary of $27,000 dependent on previous relevant experience and final classification. apply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library personnel and payroll services, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109-1205. the uni from st. louis and kansas city, and 1.5 hours from the lake of the ozarks major recreational area. the university and two other col­leges provide superb cultural events. according to the accra composite index, the cost of living in columbia is very reasonable when compared with other university communities. available: april 1, 1990. send letter of application, names of three references, and resume to: pat burbridge, personnel coordinator, 104 (cn) ellis library, university of missouri-columbia, columbia, mo 1038 / c&rl news library networks, supervise a regular staff of 5, coordinate delivery/ retrieval of ill materials, participate in reference and online searching, and act as a reference librarian approximately 8 hours per week. requirements: mls from ala-accredited school, library management and supervisory experience (ill preferred), strong communication, interpersonal, planning, and organizational skills. knowledge of computerized databases, local and national sys­tems. excellent benefits: minimum $25,989. send resume, in the arts, sciences and professions with a combined undergraduate and graduate enrollment of 3,400 students and an additional 4,000 students enrolled in off campus programs each quarter. spu seeks evangelical christian applicants who are committed to the educa­tional mission and lifestyle expectations of the university. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. closing date is february 1, 1990. send resume and letter listing three or more references to: gary r. fick, university librarian, weter memorial director of technical servicesemory universitygeneral libraries. responsibilities: provides creative leadership in planning, developing and administer­ing the t echnical services division of the emory university general libraries. participates in overall library management and reports to the vice provost/director of libraries. the division is composed of 5 departments: catalog, catalog support, serials control, acquisitions, and processing. in areas of responsibilities represents the libraries at the nation december 1989 / 1039 84112. the university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply.head, public services. provides references services, data­base searching, and bibliographic instruction to faculty and gradu­ate students at 2 seminaries and a university divinity school. supervises circulation, reserves, and ill. is responsible for main­taining the reference collection. some evening and weekend hours. qualifications: ala-mls; education in theology and/or religiou benefits. starting date: june 1,1990. closing date for applications: january 15,1990. send resume and names of three references to mary bischoff, director, jesuit kraus mccormick library, 1100 e. 55th street, chicago, il 60615.hispanic/latin american cataloger, (search extended). the hispanic/latin american cataloger is a faculty librarian posi­tion in the original cataloging section of the catalog department and reports to the head of the catalog department. the primary re­sponsibility is; the original cat three positions university of central floridauniversity of central florida, a growing institution with a concentration in business, education, and technology and a fully-automated library (notis, innovacq, oclc). all positions require an alaaccredited master’s degree and are in the faculty bargaining unit.1. circulation librarian-. reports to head of access services. responsible for management and operation of the circulation unit including notis module, reserves, fines and bills, stack maintenance, and s 1040 / c&rl news experience in original cataloging and using oclc preferred. appli­cant must have a strong interest in work in an academic communi­cation skills, and be able to work with diverse groups in an everchanging automated environment. salary and rank of appointment as a faculty librarian commensurate with qualifications. applica­tions received by february 9,1990, will be given first consideration but search will continue until a suitable person is found. preliminary contact may be arranged at ala-midwinter meetin preferably in a large 20th century political archival and manuscript collection. requires demonstrated knowledge of archival prin­ciples and practices, experience with marc-amc, and computer applications in archival collections. must have excellent communi­cations, organization and interpersonal skills. prefer evidence of interest and or experience in working with oral history projects. $24,000-$26,000. position available january 1, 1990. preference given to applications received by december 20, 1989. inter december 1989 / 1041 library directorthe university of puget soundthe university of puget sound invites applica­tions and nominations for the year-round adminis­trative position of director of collins memorial li­brary (300,000+ volumes; member of oclc and government document depository).the director provides leadership and adminis­trative guidance in planning, organizing, coordinat­ing, directing, and evaluating all library functions and in integrating them with the instructional pro­grams of the university. duties include man filled. can conduct preliminary interviews at mla and ala midwin­ter meetings. ball state university practices equal opportunity in education and employment.processing coordinator (newly created position). search re-opened. faculty tenure track appointment. the processing coordinator has an academic year, guaranteed summer position, and reports to the library director. the position is a renewable three-year appointment, at the pleasure of the library director and the library faculty. this position invites a 1042 / c&rl news duty and serving as backup at branch campus. required: alaaccredited mls. at least two years of full-time professional aca­demic library experience performing general reference, biblio­graphic instruction, and database searching. library experience in the areas of business, law and/or government documents desir­able. experience in working with ethnically diverse student body. ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writing. dem­onstrated professional commitment. tenure-track appointment plus are tiaa/cref or the virginia state system, with the university making the full contribution in either case. salary is negotiable depending upon qualifications, minimum, $25,000 per year. re­quired: ala-accredited mls; ability to work cooperatively with faculty, students and colleagues is essential; ability to communi­cate effectively both orally and in writing; strong commitment to public service; evidence of ability to provide effective courses related library instruction; potential to meet the requiremen information and reference services librarian (iii)rutgers universitythe james b. carey institute of management and labor relations library.under direction of library director will provide and coordinate information and reference services in labor, industrial relations, and human resources.responsibilities: implementation of new online information center; development of workshops in use of online information databases and retrieval; evaluation and development of reference collection; coordina­tion of bibliog december 1989 / 1043 are within the reference team framework. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. demonstrated training with data­base searching and reference services. preferred: facility with computers and software; knowledge of latest developments in computer reference services; strong oral and written communica­tion skills; ability to work with diverse groups; demonstrated suc­cess in project management. 12-month, library faculty rank ap­pointment. salary: $20,000. application deadline is january 15, washington square south, new york, ny 10012. nyu encour­ages applications from women and members of minority groups.reference librarian, science & technology (entry level, search extended). provides comprehensive reference assistance with emphasis on the sciences, from a centralized reference collection. prepares bibliographies and guides for use in staff training and classroom instruction. assists with bibliographic in­struction, computerized reference services and cd-rom search services. serves as one of head, general reference sectionpenn state university librariesthe pennsylvania state university libraries (search re-opened) seek an energetic, creative team leader for the position of head of the general reference section. this is a faculty position with academic rank at penn state’s university park campus which currently enrolls over 37,000 students.the section head reports to the chief of the humanities and social sciences department and is responsible for development, maintenance, and participation in a 1044 / c&rl news librarian position in the reference department and reports to thhead of public services, hillman library. the librarian is responsible for providing a wide range of reference services and librarinstruction to users. he/she is also responsible for developingcollections in the fields of philosophy and the history and philosophy of science. requirements: a master's degree from and ala-accredited library school and a strong background in philosophy osciences are required. reading knowledge of french and german. ence definitely an asset. candidate must possess excellent oral and written communication skills, and be able to work well with a diverse group of library staff, students and faculty. willingness to work evenings, weekends and occasional holiday schedules is required. salary and rank of appointment as a faculty librarian commensurate with qualifications. applications must be received no later than december 15, 1989. apply in writing, including a resume and three letters of reference, to: secretary, search c december 1989 / 1045 phy of science bibliographer, hillman library, 271 hillman library, university of pittsburgh, pittsburgh, pa 15260. the university of pittsburgh is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. minorities are actively sought.reference librarian. west virginia university’s health sci­ences library announces a new reference position. under direc­tion of the head of reference, provides reference service including some night and weekend hours; performs computerized literature searches and assists users wit received by january 16,1990, for march 1 starting date. applicants must submit a letter of application, a current resume, and names of three professional references to: acting chief librarian, baruch college, 17 lexington avenue, box 317, new york, ny 10010. aa/ eoe.special collections librar1an/archivist. collects, preserves, catalogs, and provides reference service for special collections and archival materials. special collections includes texana, rare books, fine bindings. archives includes manuscripts 1046 / c&rl news saint louis universitydirectorpius xii memorial librarysaint louis university invites applications and nominations of highly qualified candidates for the position of director of its main university research library, comprising the general collections, the divinity library, and special collections including the vatican film library. total collections exceed 750,000 volumes. the director reports to the academic vice president for frost campus and manages a staff of 80 fib (including 19 professionals with non december 1989 / 1047 of the university library, responsible for the management and development of the library collection; the provision of library services; the management of the library budget and allocation of resources; the continued development of automated management and other computer-based information systems; the direction and development of staff resources; the planning of future library services; and the library’s participation in regional, national, and international cooperative efforts. the university is currently e k.d. srivastava, vice president, student & academic services, the university of british columbia, 6328 memorial road, van­couver, b.c. v6t 2b3. the university of british columbia offers equal employment opportunities to qualified male and female applicants. in accordance with canadian immigration require­ments, this advertisement is directed to qualified canadian citi­zens and permanent residents of canada.user services librarian. the university of idaho library is looking for a general reference librarian late job listingscatalog librarian. (search re-opened). performs original and adaptive cataloging according to aacr2, oclc, and lc standards; creates and maintains records in card and online files; participates in formulating cataloging policies and procedures; assists with training personnel; develops and recommends authority control procedures and resolves authority problems. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; academic library cataloging experience with aacr2 and lc classification 1048 / c&rl news schools in the country with a master’s enrollment of over 370 (fte of 230) and a doctoral enrollment of over 60. it has a full-time faculty of 16. the school has a large extended education program, offering courses at eight locations away from the bloomington campus. the position will be available september 1, 1990. the dean is the chief executive officer of the school and reports to the chancellor of the bloomington campus of the university. the dean provides academic leadership, articulates the mission of december 1989 / 1049 needs. participates in college of textiles building project that features a new textiles library opening in 1990. is responsible for planning, budget, personnel, and facilities management. serves as a member of the libraries’ middle management group, participates in the libraries’ planning activities, and is expected to be active professionally. qualifications: required: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. substantial experience in a special or academic research library. subject degree or expe 1050 / c&rl news is required. all other qualifications being equal, preference will be given to candidates who have a master’s degree in library science from a program accredited by the american library association. twelve-month contract. minimum salary $24,000. state mandated benefits. send resume and the names of three references by february 1, 1990, to: microcomputer specialist search committee, c/o carole mciver, administrative services librarian, atkins library, the university of north carolina, charlotte, nc 28223. aa december 1989 / 1051 phone numbers of three relevant references to: jean mcdonald, administrative services, kansas state university libraries, manhattan, ks 66506. ksu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.social sciences reference librarian, the university of oklahoma. duties: under the general direction of the head of reference, this position provides reference and bibliographic service in the social sciences (specifically, sociology, social work, human relations, women’s studies, education, physical education, “ when you can measure what you are speaking about, and express it in numbers, you know something about it.”william thomson, lord kelvin acrl university library statistics 1987-88compiled by robert e. molyneuxreports statistics on collections, personnel, and expenditures for 100 non-arl university libraries. “deci­sion makers need valid and reliable data. the title provides such data for academic libraries,” library journal said of the last edition.1989. 80p. isbn: 0-8389-7288-8. $49.95; acrl member $29.95special offer! buy both the print book and the machine readable data for only $99.95—a ten dollar savings ($66.95 for acrl members). use o acrl academic library statistics, 1978/79-1987/88 (diskettes)prepared by robert e. molyneux machine-readable diskettes accom­panied by a detailed user guide, con­tain data from the five editions of a series of academic library data pub­lished by acrl (1978-79,1981-82, 1983-84,1985-86,1987-88). the data are presented in three formats: ascii, sas data sets, and “dif” (data inter­change format) which can bring the data into lotus 1-2-3. the package contains four ms-dos 5.25" 360k diskettes and two ms-dos 3.5" association of college and research librariesc/o ala publishing services, order deparment,50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; 312-944-6780a division of the call toll-free: 800-545-2433 (u.s.): 800-545-2444 (111.); american library association800-545-2455 (canada), fax: 312-440-9374 transcriber's note: text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). gesperrt, or widely spaced, letters occur in the tables of catalog entries and are enclosed by tilde characters (example: ~le breton~). in this e-book, the gesperrt text is also in small capitals. backward-facing c is indicated by <c. the examples of chronograms contain combinations of small and regular capital letters. the small capitals have been changed to lower case, while the regular capitals remain in upper case. greek letters appearing in the original have been transliterated and are indicated by [greek: ]. three of the greek numerals do not have corresponding letters. the words "stigma" (for 6), "qoppa" (for 90), and "sampi" (for 900), enclosed in [], have been used for these. the table in the original does not include upper case characters for stigma and sampi. the numerical accents are indicated by ' for the upper and , for the lower. [decoration] the book-lover's library. edited by henry b. wheatley, f.s.a. how to catalogue a library by henry b. wheatley, f.s.a. author of "how to form a library," "the dedication of books," etc., etc. [decoration] london elliot stock, 62 paternoster row 1889 preface. _those who are interested in library work are constantly asked where a statement of the first principles of cataloguing may be found, and the question is one which it is not easy to answer. most of the rules which have been printed are intended for large public libraries, and are necessarily laid down on a scale which unfits them for use in the making of a small catalogue. i have divided out the subject on a plan which i hope will commend itself to my readers, and, after discussing the most notable codes, i have concluded with a selection of such rules as i trust will be found useful by those who are employed in making catalogues of ordinary libraries. here i must express the hope that my readers will excuse the frequent use of the personal pronoun. if the use of "i" could have been avoided, i would gladly have avoided it; but as the main point of the book is the discussion of principles and theories, it seemed to me that such value as the book may possess would be entirely destroyed if i did not give my own opinions, founded upon a somewhat long experience. in dealing with a subject such as this, i cannot hope to convince all my readers, but i trust that those who disagree with my arguments will be willing to allow them some force. the compilation has been attended with constant feelings of regret in my own mind, for almost every page has brought up before me the memory of two men with whom i have at different times discussed most of the points here raised,--two men alike in their unselfish devotion to the cause of bibliography. mr. henry bradshaw's work was more widely known, but mr. benjamin r. wheatley's labours were scarcely less valued in the smaller circle where they were known, and both brought to bear upon a most difficult subject the whole force of their thoroughly practical minds. i have learned much from both, and i have felt a constant wish to consult them during the preparation of these pages. all those who prepared the british museum rules are gone from us; but happily cataloguers can still boast of mr. cutter of boston, one of the foremost of our craft. mr. cutter has prepared a most remarkable code of rules, and has not only laid down the law, but has also fearlessly given the reasons for his faith, and these reasons form a body of sound opinion. may he long live to do honour to bibliography, a cause which knows no nationality._ h. b. w. _october, 1889._ contents. chap. page i. introduction. what is a catalogue?--vulgar errors--a good cataloguer attempts to put himself in the seeker's place--judicious shortening of titles--difference between cataloguing and bibliography-making--a universal catalogue--printing of the british museum catalogue--different classes of catalogues--classified and alphabetical--catalogue raisonne--index catalogues--mr. bradshaw's view--need of care--no jumping to conclusions--different styles of catalogues--purton cooper's sale catalogues 1 ii. battle of the rules. british museum foremost in the race--printed catalogues of the museum--panizzi's fight--evidence before the royal commission--payne collier's defeat--the museum rules- jewett's rules--cambridge university library rules--library association rules adopted by bodley's librarian--cutter's rules for a dictionary catalogue--triumph of the museum 25 iii. print _versus_ manuscript. panizzi's objection to print--parry in favour of print- the british museum again foremost in the race, this time in printing, thanks to mr. bond--mr. cutter on the advantages and disadvantages of printing--how to keep a printed catalogue up to date--card catalogues--stereotyping--henry stevens's photo-bibliography--co-operative cataloguing 49 iv. how to treat a title-page. _author:_ cutter's definition of an author--compound names- prefixes--imaginary authors--the name by which a man is generally known to be preferred to that by which he is not known--official names--names of peers--personal names- sovereigns, saints, and friars--oriental names--contraction for christian names--distinction between christian and surnames--treatment of changed names--married authoresses- greek and roman authors--difficulties in deciding as to the author of a book--corporate authorship--academical dissertation. _headings other than author headings:_ trials--catalogues- bible--liturgies--voyages--anonymous and pseudonymous works- evidence before the commission of 1847-49--arrangement under initials, under pseudonyms. _the title:_ shortening of titles- indication of editions--addition to title-pages. _place of publication:_ date--use of chronograms--greek dates. _size-notation:_ difficulties--attempted solution of these difficulties. _collation_ 74 v. references and subject index. references and cross-references--press-marks to references- mode of referencing--subject index advocated by panizzi 180 vi. arrangement. use of the english alphabet--i and j--u and v--order- arrangement of titles under an author's name--transactions of societies--pamphlets not to be divided from books- journals and magazines 198 vii. something about mss. the british museum collections--arrangement of an ordinary collection--the museum catalogues--catalogues of manuscripts more readable than catalogues of printed books 228 viii. rules for a small library. _headings:_ author (1-11)--non-author (12-19)--the title (20, 21)--place of publication (22)--date (23, 24)- size-notation (25)--collation (26)--abstract of contents (27)--references (28-31)--arrangement (32-45)- manipulation (52) 235 appendix. list of latin names of places 247 index 255 [decoration] how to catalogue a library. [decoration] chapter i. introduction. before we can answer the question implied in the title of this little book, it will be necessary for author and reader to agree as to what a catalogue really is. the word "catalogue" is used to mean a list or enumeration of men or things. thus we have a catalogue of students, but in actual use we differentiate the two words, and a list ("a mere list") is understood to mean a common inventory, often in no particular order (although we can have alphabetical or classified lists); while a catalogue implies something fuller and something disposed in a certain order. what the limit of that something fuller and what that certain order as applied to a catalogue of books really are, it will be for us now to consider. it was formerly very much the fashion for those who knew little of the subject to speak as if nothing was easier than to make a catalogue. all you had to do was to have a sheet of paper and the book to be catalogued before you, and then to transfer the title to the paper. no previous knowledge was necessary. but those who were better acquainted with the difficulties that beset even the cataloguer, realized that sheridan's joke about "easy writing being damned hard reading" was applicable to the work produced under these circumstances. since the discussion on the british museum catalogue, and the consequent attention to the first principles of bibliography, these ignorant views are not so generally held, but still many erroneous opinions are abroad. one of these is that the clerical portion of the work of cataloguing or indexing is derogatory to a superior person, and therefore that he should have an inferior person to help him. the superior person dictates, and the inferior person copies down; and the result in practice is that endless blunders are produced, which might have been saved if one person had done the work. another vulgar error is that cataloguers form a guild, with secrets which they wish to keep from the public. this is a grievous mistake. the main object of the good cataloguer should be to make the consultation of his work easy. he knows the difficulties, and knows that rules must be made to overcome these difficulties; but he does not care to multiply these rules more than is absolutely necessary. the good cataloguer will try to put himself into the place of the intelligent consulter--that is, the person who brings ordinary intelligence to bear upon the catalogue, but has not, necessarily, any technical knowledge. some persons seem to think that everything is to be brought down to the comprehension of the fool; but if by doing this we make it more difficult for the intelligent person, the action is surely not politic. the consulter of a catalogue might at least take the trouble to understand the plan upon which it is compiled before using it. formerly it was too much the practice to make catalogue entries very short, and to leave out important particulars mentioned on the title-page; but now the opposite extreme of writing out the whole title, however long, is more common. it should be remembered that in the judicious compression of a title-page the art of the cataloguer is brought into play, for any one can copy out the whole of a long title. i cannot help thinking that this latter extreme is caused by some misunderstanding of the relative conditions necessary for the production of bibliographies and catalogues. of course catalogues form a section of the class bibliography; but we understand also by the word "bibliography" a collection of titles of books on a special subject, or belonging to a particular literature. the uses of a bibliography, either of a national literature or of a subject such as _history_, are to find out what books have been written, either by a particular author or on a particular subject; to find whether a certain point is dealt with in a certain book; or, it may be, to see whether a book you possess is the right edition, or whether it is wanting in some particular. for these purposes it is most important to have full titles, and collations with necessary additional information given in the form of notes. very often the particulars included in the bibliography will be sufficient in themselves to save the consulter from the necessity of searching for the book. the uses of a catalogue are something quite different. this is in the same house as the books it describes, and is merely a help to the finding of those books. it would be absurd to copy out long titles in a catalogue and be at the cost of printing them when the title itself in the book can be in our hands in a couple of minutes. sufficient information only is required to help us to find the right book and the right edition. how far this should be given will be discussed in a later chapter. it is necessary for us, however, to remember that when the catalogue is printed and away from the library it becomes to some extent a bibliography, and therefore when a library contains rare oruse, to describe these fully, as if the catalogue was a bibliography. this is the more necessary because we are so deficient in good bibliographies. the ideal state, from which we are still far off, would be a complete and full bibliography of all literature, and then cataloguers could be less full in their descriptions, and reference might be made to the bibliography for further particulars. it is a standing disgrace to the country that we have no complete bibliography of english authors, much less of english literature generally. it has long been the dream of the bibliographer that a universal catalogue might be obtained by the amalgamation of the catalogues of several collections. thus it was the intention of gerard langbaine, provost of queen's college, oxford, and keeper of the university archives, to have made a classified catalogue of the bodleian library, and to incorporate with it all the books not in the bodleian but in other oxford libraries, public and private, so as to show at a glance all the books that existed in oxford. he died, however, on february 10th, 1657-58, without having carried ruary 10th, 1657-58, without having carried his design into execution. dr. garnett, in his valuable paper on "the printing of the british museum catalogue" (_transactions_, fourth and fifth meetings of the library association of the united kingdom, 1884, pp. 120-28), gave words to his aspiration "that the completion of the museum catalogue in print may coincide with the completion of the present century," and he continued that no better memorial of the nineteenth century could be produced than a "register of almost all the really valuable literature of all former centuries." this is very true; but i think that catalogues can only form the groundwork for bibliographies, and are not sufficiently satisfactory to supersede them. moreover, each country should produce its own national bibliography. mr. cutter divides libraries into (1) those for study, and (2) those for reading; and this division must always be kept in view. we shall chiefly consider the first division, although it will not be right altogether to pass over the latter. libraries for reading have been rightly considered in the light of educational institutions; and the various points connected with the information to be given to readers, as to what they should read, and how they should read, perhaps belong more properly to education than to bibliography. as to the order in which the catalogue should be disposed we have considerable choice, and mr. cutter has given in the _united states special report_ (pp. 561-67) a most elaborate classification of the different species of catalogues, but the main divisions are the classified and the alphabetical. years ago the classified was considered the ideal; but when this ideal was brought down to practice it usually failed, and the result was almost useless. the late professor de morgan made the following pertinent remarks on this point:- "a classed catalogue is supposed to be useful to those who want to know what has been written on a particular subject. now, in the first place, who are the persons who look at a book list with any such view? not beginners in a wide field of research. did any one in his senses ever go to a library to learn geometry, for instance, and take the subject in a classed catalogue, and fall to work upon some author because he was therein set down? this attempt to feed the mind _a la carte_ would certainly end in an indigestion, if, which is rather to be hoped, it did not begin in a surfeit."[1] again:- "any one who is willing to trust the maker of a catalogue, however highly qualified, with the power of settling what books he can want in reference to a given subject, is either a person who consults only the most celebrated works, and has nothing to do with research, or one who is willing to take completeness upon trust, and to content himself with blaming another person if he do not reach it."[2] it is a common mistake to speak of a classified catalogue as a catalogue raisonne. a catalogue raisonne is a catalogue with bibliographical details and notes, in which the merits or demerits of the books are discussed. therefore a catalogue raisonne can be alphabetical as well as classified. an alphabetical catalogue can be either one of authors, or of subjects, or what the americans have styled the dictionary catalogue. a catalogue of authors will contain the description of anonymous books under headings in the same alphabet, and it may either have an index of subjects, or subject cross-references included in the general alphabet. but as the rules to be considered later on relate chiefly to the catalogue of authors, it is not necessary to say more on this point here. again, de morgan has made some excellent remarks on the catalogue of authors:- "an alphabetical catalogue has this great advantage, that all the works of the same author come together. those who have had to hunt up old subjects know very well that of all lots which it is useful to find in one place, the works of one given author are those which occur most frequently. again, those who go to a library to read upon a given subject generally know what authors they want; and an alphabetical catalogue settles the question whether the library does or does not contain the required work of the author wanted. we believe that of those who go into a place where books are collected, whether to read, buy, borrow, (or even steal), nineteen out of twenty know what author they want; and to them an alphabetical catalogue is all-sufficient."[3] mr. cutter has written the history of the dictionary catalogue in the _united states special report_ (pp. 533-39), and he traces it back in america to about the year 1815. mr. crestadoro, in his pamphlet, _the art of making catalogues of libraries_, 1856, recommended an inventorial catalogue of unabridged titles arranged in no order, but numbered, and an alphabetical index to the numbers of this inventory. the index thus formed was somewhat similar to the dictionary catalogue (_united states special report_, p. 535). mr. bradshaw held very strongly the view that an alphabetical catalogue was an index, and that a full shelf catalogue was the real catalogue; and few things he enjoyed more than to read through a list of the books as they stood on the shelves.[4] in a letter to me, dated september 9th, 1879, he wrote:- "it is a cardinal point with me that an alphabetical catalogue of a library is really an index, or should be so, to any other kind of catalogue you choose to make; while if you once lose sight of this fact you are quite sure to cumber the catalogue up with bibliographical details which are entirely out of place." scientific cataloguing is of modern invention, and to the british museum it is that we owe the origination of a code of rules--rules which form the groundwork of all modern cataloguing. good catalogues were made before rules were enunciated, but this is accounted for by the fact that bibliographers, like poets, are more often born than made. carefulness must be one of the chief characteristics of the cataloguer, for he will frequently find himself beset with difficulties. mr. w. f. poole, the author of that most useful work the _index to periodical literature_, states this very forcibly when he writes:- "the inexperienced librarian will find the cataloguing of his books the most difficult part of his undertaking, even after he has made a diligent theoretical study of the subject. he will find after he has made considerable progress that much of his work is useless, and scarcely any of it correct."[5] the cataloguer must not jump to conclusions upon insufficient authority, or, as some persons have proposed, take a short list from the books and amplify the titles from bibliographies. such a course will lead to endless blunders, and create confusion like that described by professor de morgan:- "lalande, in his _bibliographie astronomique_, wrote from his own knowledge the title of the second edition of the work of regiomontanus on triangles, basle, folio, 1561. he knew that the first edition was published about thirty years before, and so he set it down with the same title-page as the second, including the announcement of the table of sines, basle, 1536. now, as it happened, it was published at nuremberg in 1533, and there was no table of sines in it. the consequence is that apian and copernicus are deprived of their respective credits, as being very early (the former the earliest) publishers of sines to a decimal radius. no one can know how far an incorrect description of a book may produce historical falsehood; but there are few writers who have the courage to say exactly how much they know, and how much they presume."[6] before concluding this introduction it may be well to say something about a few catalogues that have been issued in the different styles. one of the best classified catalogues ever published in england is that of the london institution, which was first printed in 1835, and completed in 1852.[7] this has indexes of subjects, and of authors and books. the catalogue is very useful as a bibliography; and as the library was well selected, the reading of its pages is very instructive; but what shows the general uselessness of a classified catalogue for the work of a library is that in actual practice an alphabetical finding index has been in more constant use than the fuller catalogue. of an alphabetical catalogue of subjects an example may be found in that of the library of the board of trade, which was published in 1866. here the authors are relegated to an index, and all the titles are arranged under the main subject. this may be convenient under some circumstances, but it is not satisfactory for general use. the idea of the scheme was due to the late mr. w. m. bucknall, then librarian to the board of trade; but the catalogue itself was made by the author of this book. the system adopted was to use the subject-word of the title as a heading; but an exception was made in the case of foreign words which were translated. for instance, there is a heading of wool. under this first come all the english works; then the french works under sub-headings of _laine_, _laines_, and _lainiere_; then german under _schafwollhandel_ and _wollmarkt_. from these foreign words in the alphabet there are references to wool. there is, however, no more classification than is absolutely necessary; and it may be said that if all the books had been anonymous the scheme would have been an admirable one. the dictionary catalogue mostly flourishes in america; but a very satisfactory specimen of the class was prepared by mr. d. o'donovan, parliamentary librarian, queensland. it is entitled, _analytical and classified catalogue of the library of the parliament of queensland_ (brisbane: 1883. 4to). the books are entered under author and subject with full cross-references, and all the entries are arranged in one alphabet. there are abstracts of the contents of certain of the books, and references to articles in reviews. in the preface mr. o'donovan writes:- "i have made a catalogue of authors, and index of titles, and an index of subjects, a partial index of forms, and having thrown the whole together into an alphabetical series, the work may be referred to as an ordinary dictionary." of the usefulness of the dictionary catalogue there cannot be two opinions, but the chief objection is that it is a waste of labour to do for many libraries what if done once in the form of a bibliography would serve for all. a most important example of this class of catalogue is the _index-catalogue of the library of the surgeon-general's office, united states army_, of which nine large volumes have been issued. this owes its existence to dr. j. s. billings, and the publication was commenced in 1880. an enthusiastic friend is inclined to describe it as the best of published catalogues. authors' catalogues are the most common, and it would be invidious to point out any one in particular for special commendation. it is rather curious that the united states, which is now to the fore in all questions of bibliography, should have produced in former times many singularly bad catalogues. there is one classified catalogue which may be mentioned as a typical specimen of bad work. there is an index of authors, with such vague references that in some cases you have to turn over as many as seventy pages to find the book to which you are referred.[8] the oddities of catalogue-making would form a prolific subject, and we cannot enter into it at the end of this chapter; but space may be found for two odd catalogues which owe their origin to the secretary of the old record commission. the sale catalogue of portions of mr. charles purton cooper's library[9] is a literary curiosity. it contains two hundred and fourteen pages, but only one hundred and eighteen of these are devoted to the catalogue of books for sale, and the remaining pages are filled with appendixes which contain many amusing notes. the first appendix consists of a "catalogue of books mostly in english, scottish, irish, and welsh history and biography now at autun, which will be included in the sale of further portions of mr. purton cooper's library unless previously disposed of by private agreement." on page 159 is this note to a catalogue of a collection of grammars and dictionaries "now at louvain": "my passion for languages (a very unwise one) ceased many years ago." mr. cooper notes on page 167, in relation to some books of miscellaneous antiquities "now at brussels," that "the most expensive of the following works are presents from foreign sovereigns, universities, cities, and towns, principally in the period 1831-1840." to the catalogue of miscellaneous books on page 182 is appended this queer autobiographical note: "these books, formerly kept in the house in new boswell court, so long used by me as chambers (1816-1850), and from whence all my correspondence as secretary of records was dated (1831-1838), are now in chests waiting some place of deposit. what will be their destination i know not. grove end road is let. denton court (near canterbury, my new residence) has undergone such changes in the hands of its last literary owner (the late sir egerton brydges) that it will hardly afford convenient space for a schoolboy's collection." mr. cooper goes on to say: "indifferent as i am become to the mere possession of books, still the selection was a task with which (having no check but my own will) i dared not trust myself." the notes to this list are very comical. this book was given to him by a duke, that by a regius professor, another was bought at fontainebleau, and still another "of a soldier in an english regiment, badly wounded at the disastrous assault upon bergen-op-zoom, and then in hospital at breda." an edition of aristophanes was bought at frankfort for nine shillings, and "lord harrowby (then lord sandon, fresh from oxford) observed that so cheap a purchase must be a piece of luck rarely occurring." an edinburgh edition of livy cost mr. cooper five shillings in 1810, "and," he adds, "not a bad bargain, considering the purchaser had not attained his seventeenth year." one of the notes said to be copied from a french book of prayers (1789), is interesting; but its substance would be said to be incredible if we did not know of the rampant villainy of the times. "in the summer of 1794 (it was somewhat late in the day) two travellers stopped at a chateau in a southeastern department of france, one of them having a slight acquaintance with the owner of the chateau, who had the misfortune to belong to the ancient noblesse of the country. both were invited to partake of the family dinner. a dinner which in those circumstances might be considered sumptuous was served up; and the conversaterally happens on such occasions, became more than usually gay. when, however, the dessert was placed on the table, the conversation was suddenly interrupted by one of the travellers taking from his pocket a paper constituting himself and his companion commissioners of the convention, and authorizing them to seize the chateau and its contents, and forthwith to guillotine the 'aristocrat,' its proprietor. the reading of this paper was immediately followed by an intimation that a guillotine with the usual assistants had during dinner arrived in the courtyard of the chateau. the repast was discontinued for a few minutes, whilst the two guests hurried their host to the courtyard of his chateau and saw him guillotined; it was then resumed." this curious catalogue has at the end a folding coloured plate of mr. cooper's library at grove end road, with this note: "the view of the library is here introduced for the purpose of mentioning that mr. cooper wishes to dispose, by private agreement, of eight mahogany book-cases of the kind thehe kind there represented." in 1856 a sale catalogue of a further portion of mr. cooper's library was issued.[10] it consisted of a hundred and fifty-one pages, only thirty-four of which are occupied by the list of books for sale by auction. the rest of the pages are filled with lists of books to be disposed of at some future time in some other manner, but there are not notes of the same amusing character as in the former catalogue. [decoration] footnotes: [1] _dublin review_, october 1846, p. 7. [2] _dublin review_, october 1846, p. 12. [3] _dublin review_, october 1846, p. 6. [4] i remember very vividly a pleasant day spent in the pepysian library with mr. bradshaw, under the kindly guardianship of professor newton. mr. bradshaw was specially delighted with pepys's own ms. catalogues. [5] "on the organization and management of public libraries" (_united states special report_, p. 490). [6] _dublin review_, october 1846, p. 20. [7] _catalogue of the library of the london institution, systematically classified._ london: 1835-52. 4 vols., royal 8vo. [8] _catalogue of the library of congress in the capitol of the united states of america_: washington, 1840. 8vo. the third entry in the index is _abdy_, and the reference "xxix. 215. i.;" xxix. applies to the class, which is _geography_; the title is to be found in section v., _america_; so that actually seventy pages of the catalogue have to be glanced through before the work of abdy can be found. [9] "_bibliotheca cooperiana._ catalogue of portions of the extensive and valuable library of charles purton cooper, esq., q.c.... these portions will, by mr. cooper's direction, be sold by auction by messrs. s. leigh sotheby and john wilkinson ... on monday, april 19th [1852], and seven following days." [10] "_catalogue of a further portion of the library of charles purton cooper, esq., q.c._ ... this further portion, deposited with messrs. sotheby and wilkinson in the summer of 1852, will, by mr. cooper's direction, be sold by them by auction in the spring of the ensuing year. december 1856." [decoration] chapter ii. the battle of the rules. to sir anthony panizzi we owe rules for the making of catalogues: perhaps it would be more proper to say the codification of rules, for sound rules must have been in the mind of the compilers of good catalogues before his time. when one person makes a catalogue, he usually acts upon principles which are known to himself, although he may not have committed them to writing. when several assistants are employed to make a catalogue, it is positively necessary that the compiler in chief, who will be responsible for the whole work, should give directions to his assistants, so that they may all work on the same plan. the famous code of ninety-one rules which was given to the world in 1841 (_catalogue of printed books in the british museum_, vol. i., letter a) had for its foundation a small number of rules originally devised by mr. baber[11] (the predecessor of mr. panizzi as keeper of the printed books). mr. panizzi was appointed assistant librarian in the british museum in april 1831, and in 1837 he succeeded mr. baber as keeper. as a new general catalogue was now required, a committee was formed to frame rules for its compilation. this committee consisted of panizzi, thomas watts, j. winter jones, edward edwards, and john h. parry (afterwards serjeant parry). the plan adopted was for each of these gentlemen separately to prepare rules for the purpose, according to his own views. these were afterwards discussed collectively, and when any difference arose, it was settled by vote. when these rules were complete, they were presented to the trustees by panizzi on march 18th, 1839, with the following memorandum:- "mr. panizzi has the honour to lay before the trustees the rules, which, under all circumstances, he proposes as advisable to be followed in the compilation of the alphabetical catalogue, accompanied by a number of illustrations. although he is well aware that such rules must necessarily be affected by the haste with which they have been compiled, he ventures to hope they will be sufficiently intelligible to the trustees, and enable them, even in their present imperfect state, to judge of the principles that mr. panizzi should wish to see observed. he is fully aware that many cases may arise unprovided for, and that some of these rules and principles may be liable to objections, which may not perhaps appear in other plans, seemingly preferable; but he trusts that what seems objectionable may, on mature reflection, be found in fact less so. he cannot, at present, do more than entreat the trustees to take into their patient and minute consideration every single part, as well as the whole of the plan proposed, and then decide as they may think fit, bearing in mind that, although these rules may, if strictly followed, occasionally lead to what may appear absurd, the same objection, to a perhaps greater extent, may be urged against any other plan, and far greater evils result from a deviation from a principle than from its inflexible application." the rules were sanctioned by the trustees july 13th, 1839, and printed in 1841. in the note prefixed to the volume of the catalogue then printed panizzi wrote:- "the application of the rules was left by the trustees to the discretion of the editor, subject to the condition that a catalogue of the printed books in the library up to the close of the year 1838 be completed within the year 1844." panizzi very properly disapproved of the publication piecemeal of the catalogue before it was completed, and eventually he obtained his own way, with the result that the printing was discontinued, and a manuscript catalogue was gradually built up. in the note just referred to he proceeds:- "with a view to the fulfilment of this undertaking, it was deemed indispensable that a catalogue should be put to press as soon as any portion of the manuscript could be prepared; consequently the early volumes must present omissions and inaccuracies, which it is hoped will diminish in number as the work proceeds." according to mr. fagan (_life of sir a. panizzi_, vol. i., p. 259), the wasteful publication of the volume containing letter a was due to a blunder in the secretary's department. apparently the order of the trustees was to have the catalogue ready _for_ the press by december 1844, instead of which it was intimated to panizzi that the catalogue was to be printed by that time. both panizzi[12] and parry[13] pointed out in their evidence before the commission (1848-49) how wasteful a process it was to catalogue the library by letters instead of cataloguing every book on a shelf at one time. there cannot be two opinions among experienced bibliographers of the absurdity of making a catalogue in such a piecemeal manner, and yet this is a plan of proceeding which the inexperienced in cataloguing are frequently found to recommend. mr. parry said: "not only the printing of letter a first do i look upon to be an entire waste, both of time and money--a waste just as much as if the time were thrown away, and just as if the money had been actually thrown away--but the plan of taking those titles from this large body of titles and sending for the books is a serious waste of time.... in my opinion, volume a, the volume that is now printed, must be cancelled, if ever the whole catalogue is printed. the reason of that would be, that an immense mass of titles, in the further cataloguing of the succeeding portions of the alphabet, would arise to be catalogued under the letter a, which nobody would have anticipated until the whole library was catalogued." the commission coincided with mr. panizzi's view, and incorporated their opinion on this point in the report. the consequence was that panizzi was allowed to proceed on his own plan, with the result that, in the first place, a large number of volumes of manuscript titles supplementary to the old general catalogue were produced, and subsequently an entirely new catalogue, superseding the old one. the history of the catalogues of the british museum library is a curious and interesting one. a catalogue prepared by dr. maty, the rev. s. harper, and the rev. s. ayscough was published in 1787 (2 vols., folio). this was soon superseded; and in 1806 sir henry ellis and the rev. h. h. baber (then keeper and assistant keeper respectively of the printed books), carrying out the instructions of the trustees, commenced the compilation of a new catalogue, which was published in 1813-19 (7 vols. in 8 parts, 8vo). ellis was answerable for the letters a to f, with p, q, and r; and baber for the remainder of the alphabet. now that we have an excellent catalogue of the library, which we owe to the exertions of panizzi, we are too apt to forget the services of ellis and baber as compilers of the very valuable old catalogue. panizzi took delight in finding faults in this catalogue, and one of the blunders which he pointed out was the entry of a french translation of one of jeremy bentham's works, in which the author's name, having been translated in the title-page of the book into french, was transferred in the same form--"bentham (jereme)"--into the catalogue.[14] doubtless there are many bibliographical mistakes; but it is an excellent practical catalogue, and does the greatest credit to the compilers. even now, although the print is almost lost in the mass of manuscript, and the volumes are nearly worn out, the copy in the reading room may still be used with advantage when a book cannot be found in the more elaborate new catalogue. in 1847 the royal commission, already alluded to, was appointed to inquire into the constitution and government of the british museum, and the report of the commission, with minutes of evidence, was published in 1850. this report appeared in a large folio volume of eight hundred and twenty-three pages, which is still full of interest from a bibliographical point of view. the commissioners considered arrangements connected with the management which have since been changed, and therefore are of little interest now; but the evidence chiefly related to the new rules for the catalogue, and resolved itself into an arraignment of mr. panizzi's plans, with panizzi's reply to the arraignment at the end of the evidence. the report shows how unsatisfactory were the relations between the officers of departments, and how strong was the antagonism to panizzi's rules and arrangements among literary men. many authors whom one would have expected to know something of the art of cataloguing showed the most amazing ignorance, and a love for careless work that makes us extremely glad that their cause was defeated. some witnesses exhibited a dislike to the rules merely because they were rules. mr. j. g. cochrane, then librarian of the london library, in answer to the question, "have you read the ninety-one rules?" said, "i read some of them, and it appeared to me that they were more calculated to perplex and to mystify than to answer any useful purpose;" and again, when asked, "do you object to rules in any compilation of catalogues?" he said, "yes, very much" (p. 460). further on in his evidence he said, "i think that in bibliography, as well as in geography, it is always advisable to keep as much to uniformity of system as possible" (p. 464). but he did not make it clear how uniformity was to be obtained without rules. the greatest grievance which "readers" seem to have had is one which we can scarcely realize at the present day. mr. panizzi ruled that whoever wanted a book should look it out in the catalogue, and copy the title on a slip with the press-mark before he could receive it. mr. carlyle refused to look out in the catalogue for a pamphlet which he knew to be in a particular collection. his account of the matter is as follows:- "i had occasion at one time to consult a good many of the pamphlets respecting the civil war period of the history of england. i supposed those pamphlets to be standing in their own room, on shelves contiguous to each other. i marked on the paper, 'king's pamphlets,' such and such a number, giving a description undeniably pointing to the volume; and the servant to whom i gave this paper at first said that he could not serve me with the volume, and that i must find it out in the catalogue and state the press-mark, and all the other formalities. being a little provoked with that state of things, i declared that i would not seek for the book in that form; that i could get no good out of these pamphlets, on such terms; that i must give them up rather, and go my ways, and try to make the grievance known in some proper quarter" (p. 280). dr. j. e. gray expressed the opinion that the feeling against this rule respecting the press-mark was very general (p. 491). it is necessary to bear in mind that "the old system was, that you merely wrote the title of the book you wanted without the necessity of looking for it in the catalogue. if you wanted a particular edition of it, then you looked in the catalogue for the particular title or date, and the book was brought to you if it could be found" (7684, p. 491). although many of the witnesses showed a lamentable ignorance of the principles of sound bibliography, others proved themselves quite capable of setting right the ignorant. the right hon. j. w. croker, when asked, "are you of opinion that the labour and difficulties in the management and cataloguing of a library increase merely in the same proportion with its extent?" made this very true observation, "i think the difficulties would increase, i may say geometrically rather than arithmetically" (8734, p. 570). mr. john bruce considered it a fault in the new catalogue that the titles were too full (pp. 417-18); but prof. a. de morgan pointed out very clearly the many dangers of short titles (p. 427). mr. croker strongly advocated the use of long titles. he said: "there will of course be a few remarkable instances of great prolixity of title-page, which really are worth preserving as curiosities, if for nothing else. but generally speaking there is nothing that is quite safe and satisfactory to a person who goes to look for a book, but a full title; i will add, a most important consideration in a library like this, which people come to consult; it has happened to me twice, i think, within the last ten days to find it unnecessary to send for a book that i intended to apply for, by finding an ample title-page, which showed me that i should not find there what i wanted" (8709, p. 567). dr. gray in his pamphlet (_letter to the earl of ellesmere_, 1849) makes this extraordinary statement: "the works with authors' names, or with false names, should be arranged alphabetically, according to the names of the authors, taking care that the names used should be those that are on the title-pages; and, if an author have changed his or her name, that the work published under the different names should be in different places in the alphabet" (p. 5). mr. parry gave much sensible evidence, and this point was submitted to him. the question of the chairman (earl of ellesmere) was, "have you heard it proposed that each book should be catalogued under the form of name appearing on the title, without any regard to uniformity, and without regard to the different forms of name adopted by an author, or arising from the different languages in which works by the same author may be printed?" mr. parry's answer was as follows: "i have never heard that suggested, except by mr. gray. i have read it in mr. gray's pamphlet; and i have heard it from mr. gray when he was an assistant.... i certainly do not wish to be offensive to mr. gray, for i have the pleasure of his acquaintance, but i think the thing perfectly absurd. i might be permitted to say, that the noble lord in the chair has published under two or three names; and that i should prefer to see all his lordship's works under one heading, and not scattered in three different places in the catalogue under the name of gower, of egerton, and of ellesmere.... i remember mr. gray used occasionally to come and talk about the catalogue, but it always seemed to me that he had never given any consideration to the subject. it is by no means an easy thing to make a catalogue; a person to make it, must have a very large and special knowledge of books and of languages" (7338, p. 470). the witness whose evidence was the most unfortunate for himself was mr. payne collier. he committed himself by submitting some titles which he had made in illustration of his views. there were twenty-five titles, which had been made in the course of an hour. these were handed to mr. winter jones, who reported upon them very fully, with the following result:- "these twenty-five titles contain almost every possible error which can be committed in cataloguing books, and are open to almost every possible objection which can be brought against concise titles. the faults may be classed as follows:--1st. incorrect or insufficient description, calculated to mislead as to the nature or condition of the work specified. 2nd. omission of the names of editors, whereby we lose a most necessary guide in selecting among different editions of the same work. 3rd. omission of the christian names of authors, causing great confusion between the works of different authors who have the same surname--a confusion increasing in proportion to the extent of the catalogue. 4th. omission of the names of annotators. 5th. omission of the names of translators. 6th. omission of the number of the edition, thus rejecting a most important and direct evidence of the value of a work. 7th. adopting the name of the editor as a heading, when the name of the author appears in the title-page. 8th. adopting the name of the translator as a heading, when the name of the author appears on the title-page. 9th. adopting as a heading the title or name of the author merely as it appears on the title-page--a practice which would distribute the works of the bishop of london under blomfield, chester, and london; and those of lord ellesmere under gower, egerton, and ellesmere. 10th. using english or some other language instead of the language of the title-page. 11th. cataloguing anonymous works, or works published under initials, under the name of the supposed author. where this practice is adopted, the books so catalogued can be found only by those who possess the same information as the cataloguer, and uniformity of system is impossible, unless the cataloguer know the author of every work published anonymously or under initials.[15] 12th. errors in grammar. 13th. errors in descriptions of the size of the book. we have here faults of thirteen different kinds in twenty-five titles, and the number of these faults amount to more than two in each title.... when we see such a result as is shown above, from an experiment made by a gentleman of education, accustomed to research and acquainted with books generally, upon only twenty-five works, taken from his own library, and of the most easy description, we may form some idea of what a catalogue would be, drawn up, in the same manner, by ten persons, of about six hundred thousand works, embracing every branch of human learning, and presenting difficulties of every possible description. the average number of faults being more than two to a title, the total is something startling--about one million three hundred thousand faults for the six hundred thousand works; that is, supposing the proportion to continue the same." then follows a searching examination of each individual title, with the result that any claims to be considered a correct cataloguer which mr. collier may have been supposed to have were entirely annihilated. the report of the commissioners enters very fully into the various points raised by the evidence before them, with the result that it was considered advisable that mr. panizzi should be given his own way, and that the new catalogue should be completed in manuscript. the british museum rules are, as already stated, printed in the _catalogue of printed books_ (_letter a_, 1841), and in henry stevens's _catalogue of the american books in the library of the british museum at christmas_, 1856. they are given in mr. thomas nichols's _handbook for readers at the british museum_ (1869), under the various subjects in alphabetical order, with a series of useful illustrations. some slight modifications of the rules have been made since the printing of the catalogue has been in hand, and a capital _resume_ of the rules, under the title of _explanation of the system of the catalogue_, is on sale at the museum for the small sum of one penny. the strife which was caused by the publication of the rules was gradually quelled, and the british museum code was acknowledged in most places as a model. professor charles coffin jewett published at washington in 1853 a very careful work on this subject. his pamphlet is entitled, "_smithsonian report on the construction of catalogues of libraries, and their publication by means of separate stereotyped titles, with rules and examples_. by charles c. jewett, librarian of the smithsonian institution." mr. jewett makes an observation with which all who have considered the subject with attention must agree. he writes:- "liability to error and to confusion is ... so great and so continual, that it is impossible to labour successfully without a rigid adherence to rules. although such rules be not formally enunciated, they must exist in the mind of the cataloguer and guide him, or the result of his labours will be mortifying and unprofitable." with respect to his own rules he writes:- "the rules which follow are founded upon those adopted for the compilation of the catalogue of the british museum. some of them are verbatim the same; others conform more to rules advocated by mr. panizzi than to those finally sanctioned by the trustees of the museum." the rules are classified as follows:--pp. 1-45, titles; pp. 45-56, headings; pp. 57-59, cross-references; pp. 59-62, arrangement; pp. 62, 63, maps, engravings, music; p. 64, exceptional cases. the number of rules is not so large as those of the british museum, and rule 39 stands thus: "cases not herein provided for, and exceptional cases requiring a departure from any of the preceding rules, are to be decided on by the superintendent." jewett's rules, with some alterations, were adopted and printed by the boston public library. the _rules to be observed in forming the alphabetical catalogue of printed books in the university library_, cambridge, were drawn up after the authorities had decided to print the catalogue slips of all additions to the library, and also gradually to build up a new catalogue by printing the titles of the books already in the library as they were re-catalogued. these rules were, to a great extent, founded upon those of the british museum. in the year 1879, mr. bradshaw, librarian, in conjunction with messrs. e. magnusson and h. t. francis, assistant librarians, made some alterations in the rules, and as thus altered they now stand, numbering forty-nine. the rules of the library association of the united kingdom may be considered as somewhat "academical," because they were not made for any particular library. they have gained, however, in importance in that they were adopted by mr. edward b. nicholson, bodley's librarian, for the catalogue of the bodleian library. these rules were originally formed for the purpose of making a foundation for a catalogue of english literature, as proposed by the late mr. cornelius walford. this catalogue, however, gradually receded into the background, and the rules were adapted to the purposes of a general library catalogue. the rules have been modified at successive annual meetings of the association. although mr. nicholson adopted the library association rules in the first instance, he printed in 1882 a set of _compendious cataloguing rules for the author-catalogue of the bodleian library_, which has since been added to, and the number of rules is now sixty. we have, in conclusion, to take note of by far the most important code of rules after that of the british museum. i allude of course to the remarkable second part of the _special report on public libraries in the united states_ (1876), which consists of "rules for a printed dictionary catalogue, by charles a. cutter." this work stands alone in the literature of our subject. not only are the rules set out, but the reasons for the rules are given. this is usually considered as a dangerous proceeding, and it requires a man with the clear-headedness and mastery of his subject for which mr. cutter is distinguished to carry out such a scheme with success. i am not prepared to agree altogether with the principle of the dictionary catalogue, or with all the reasons for the rules--in fact, some of them are highly stimulating, and prove strong incentives to argument; but it would be difficult to find anywhere in so small a space so many sound bibliographical principles elucidated. it is now nearly fifty years since the british museum rules were published, and at the present time we can scarcely understand the antagonistic feeling with which these rules were then received. we can now see how much we are indebted to them. to their influence we largely owe the education of the librarian in the true art of cataloguing, and the improved public opinion on the subject; and to them we owe the noble catalogue of the british museum, which is a remarkable monument of great knowledge and great labour combined. we are therefore bound to do honour to the memory of panizzi, who planned the work and endued with his spirit the many distinguished men who have followed him and completed his work. [decoration] footnotes: [11] _report of the commissioners on the constitution and government of the british museum_, 1850, p. 16. [12] see questions 4207, 4212, pp. 254-55. [13] see question 7223, p. 469. [14] fagan's _life of sir a. panizzi_, vol. i., pp. 143-44. mr. fagan writes "jerome," but it is really jereme in the catalogue. [15] this is the most extraordinary reason ever given. if it were accepted as valid it would settle the question, for under no circumstances could the authors of all anonymous works be discovered. [decoration] chapter iii. print _v._ manuscript. there has been much discussion on the relative advantages of print and manuscript. panizzi's objection to print was a sound one, as he considered that no titles should be printed until the catalogue of the whole library was completed. when this time came the objection was no longer valid, and arrangements were made in due course for printing the catalogue by instalments. before this was decided upon there were some who insisted upon the actual superiority of manuscript over print; but this was really absurd, because, if the extra cost of printing can be defrayed, there must be great advantage in the clearness and legibility of print, as well as in the saving of space caused by its use. mr. parry, with his strong common sense, advocated, in 1849, the use of the printing-press. he said in his evidence: "i think the catalogue ought to be printed; not merely for the purposes of the library, and of reference out of the library, but also because i think the catalogue of this library is a work that ought to be in every public institution where men of letters resort, either here, on the continent, in america, or in any other part of the civilized world; still, it ought not to be printed until the whole of the books are catalogued up to a certain time. i say 'up to a certain time' because the whole of the books never can be catalogued in a library where there are constant accessions. but a limit may be fixed, and when that limit is reached and the whole of the books within that limit are catalogued i would then print the catalogue, and not before. i have said before that the volume of letter a must be cancelled; that is inevitable. nobody after this catalogue is completed, no librarian, no man of the most ordinary literary acquirements, would presume to print the catalogue without cancelling this volume: that arises from the circumstance that, as the cataloguing goes on, thousands of works will turn up as necessary to be inserted in letter a."[16] mr. parry added, that in ordering this partial printing the trustees gave way to pressure from without, which he defined very justly as "a sort of ignorant impatience for a catalogue by persons who do not really understand what a catalogue is or what a catalogue should be." dr. garnett read a very interesting paper on "the printing of the british museum catalogue," before the library association, at the cambridge meeting, in 1882, in which he tells how the present system of printing came about. mr. rye, when keeper of the printed books, strongly urged the adoption of print; but dr. garnett adds, "other views, however, prevailed for the time; and when, in october 1875, the subject was again brought forward by the treasury it fell to my lot to treat it from a new point of view, suggested by my observations in my capacity as superintendent of the reading-room. i saw that, waiving the question as to the advantage or disadvantage of print in the abstract, it would soon be necessary to resort to it for the sake of economy of space. there were by this time two thousand volumes of manuscript catalogue in the reading-room, exclusive of the catalogues of maps and music. there would be three thousand by the time that the incorporation of the general and supplementary catalogues was complete. hundreds of these volumes in the earlier letters of the alphabet were already swollen with entries, and required to be broken up and divided into three. sooner or later every volume would have undergone this process. by that time there would be nine thousand volumes of manuscript catalogue, three times as many as the reading-room could contain, or the public conveniently consult. the only remedy was to put a check upon the growth of the catalogue by printing all new entries for the future, and to mature meanwhile a plan for converting the entire catalogue into a printed one. i prepared a memorandum embodying these ideas, and entered into the subject more fully, when, in january 1878, it was again brought forward by the treasury. these views, however, did not find acceptance at the time.... the question was thus left for mr. bond, who became principal librarian in the following august. as keeper of the manuscripts, mr. bond's attention had never been officially drawn to the catalogue of printed books, but as a man of letters, he had formed an opinion respecting it; and i am able to state that he came to the principal librarianship as determined to bestow the boon of print upon the catalogue and the public, as to effect the other great reforms that have signalized his administration."[17] dr. garnett, near the end of his paper, said, "my aspiration is that the completion of the museum catalogue in print may coincide with the completion of the present century;" and i believe he still holds the opinion that this is possible and probable. mr. cutter enters very fully into this question of _printed or manuscript_? in his elaborate article on "library catalogues" in the _united states report on public libraries_, 1876 (pp. 552-56). the advantages of a printed catalogue he states under five heads: "(1) that it is in less danger of partial or total destruction than a manuscript volume or drawers of cards;" "(2) that it can be consulted out of the library;" "(3) that it can be consulted in other libraries;" "(4) that it is easier to read than the best manuscript volume, and very much easier to consult. a card presents to the eye only one title at a time, whereas a printed catalogue generally has all an author's works on a single page. time and patience are lost in turning over cards, and it is not easy either to find the particular title that is wanted or to compare different titles and make a selection;" "(5) that several persons can consult it at once." the disadvantages are stated by mr. cutter under three heads: "(1) that it is costly;" "(2) that a mistake once made is made for ever, whereas in a card catalogue a mistake in name or in classification or in copying the title can be corrected at any time;" "(3) it is out of date before it is published. as it cannot contain the newest books, the very ones most sought for, fresh supplements are continually needed, each of which causes an additional loss of time and patience to consulters. the average man will not look in over four places for a book; a few, very persevering or driven by a great need, will go as far as five or six. it becomes necessary therefore, if the catalogue is to be of any use, to print consolidated supplements every five years, and that is expensive." of the advantages the main one is no. 4, and of the disadvantages the only one of any importance is, it seems to me, no. 1. as to disadvantage no. 2, it is more apparent than real. a mistake in print will of course remain for ever in the copies of the catalogue outside the library, but it can easily be corrected in the library copy either in manuscript or by reprinting the single title in which the mistake occurs. the card catalogue cannot be used outside the library, and the catalogue in the library can be as easily corrected whether it be printed and pasted down on pages or arranged on cards. the two are equal in this respect. disadvantage 3 is the stock objection. but what does it really come to? he who consults the catalogue of a library away from that library knows that a given book is there if he finds it in the catalogue; but if it is not in the catalogue, he does not give up hope, but either visits the library or sends to know if the book he requires is in. he is no worse off in this case than if there had been no printed catalogue; and in the former case he is much better off. the library copy of the catalogue can be kept up as well in print as it can be in manuscript, and here at all events there will only be one alphabet. it will therefore be a question for the consulter alone whether it is better worth his while to consult several supplements than to go straight to the library. for the purposes of the library, it is quite unnecessary to reprint or consolidate your supplements, because your library copy of the catalogue will always be kept up to date. if the library is a lending one, the subscribers will probably insist upon having new catalogues, as the supplements become too numerous; but this is only an additional instance of the advantages of a printed catalogue. a printed catalogue should never be added to in manuscript, as this causes the greatest confusion; and, moreover, it is not necessary. it is quite possible to keep up a catalogue in print for many years; and even when worn out, if the printed sheets have been kept, a working catalogue can be made up afresh without printing again. the plan adopted by my brother, the late mr. b. r. wheatley, is so simple, that it seems scarcely necessary to enlarge upon its merits; but as it has not been generally adopted, i may perhaps explain it here with advantage. it will be seen by the specimen on page 59, that each page of the library copy of the catalogue is divided in two. on the left-hand side is pasted down the catalogue as it exists at the time, and the right-hand side is left for additions. these additions may be printed as annual supplements, or they may be printed from time to time at short intervals on galley slips on one side only, without being made into pages. this can be done as suits the best convenience of all concerned; and it is just as easy to have the titles printed frequently as to have them copied for insertion in the library copy of the catalogue. the ruled columns are for the press-marks, and these are arranged on the outside of each column for purposes of symmetry. it is not advantageous, as a rule, to print the press-marks in the catalogue, although this is done in the case of the british museum. there are two advantages in having two columns of type on one page. one is that there is a saving of space, and the other is that it is easier to keep the alphabet in perfect register if it becomes necessary to insert a page. however well arranged a library copy of a catalogue may be, it will probably become congested in some places before the whole catalogue requires readjustment. now suppose each page contains only one column of print, and the left-hand page is left for additions. when both pages are full, and it is necessary to insert a leaf for fresh additions, it is clear that the correct order of the alphabet will be thrown out. but if there are two columns on each page, then the additional leaf will introduce no confusion; for the recto of the additional leaf will range with the verso of the old leaf, and the verso of the additional leaf with the recto of the next leaf in the book. the only difference will be that you will have to run your eye along four columns instead of two.[18] ================================================================ |case.|shelf.| | |case.|shelf.| |-----+-------------------------+-----------------+-----+------| | b | 1 |~le breton~ | | n | 5 | | | |(anna letitia). | | | | | | |memoir of mrs. | | | | | | |barbauld, with | | | | | | |letters and | | | | | | |notices of her | | | | | | |family. sm. | | | | | | |8vo, london, | | | | | | |1847. | | | | | | | | | | | | b | 2 |----correspondence| | | | | | |of dr. | | | | | | |channing and | | | | | | |lucy aikin | | | | | | |(1826-1842). sm. | | | | | | |8vo, london, | | | | | | |1874. |~liddell~ | | | | | | |(henry geo.), | | | | | | |and robert | | | | | | |scott. a lexicon,| | | | | | |abridged | | | | | | |from "liddell | | | | | | |and scott's | | | | | | |greek-english | | | | | | |lexicon"; 14th | | | | | | |edition. sm. | | | | | | |square 8vo, | | | | | | |oxford, 1871. | | | | g | 4 |~mcnicoll~ | | | | | | |(david h.). | | | | | | |dictionary of | | | | | | |natural history | | | | | | |terms, with | | | | | | |their derivations,| | | | | | |including the | | | | | | |various orders, | | | | | | |genera, and | | | | | | |species. sm. | | | | | | |8vo, london, | | | | | | |1863. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | the advantage of this plan is that the library catalogue can be actually kept up for any length of time without any reprinting. when the catalogue is filled up, and there is no room for any additions, the whole may be pasted down afresh as in the first instance, always presuming that copies of the catalogue and its supplements have been retained. sometimes the pasting down of the print is delegated to the binder; but it should be done either by the librarian himself, or at all events under his eye, for much judgment and knowledge are required for the proper leaving of spaces where the additions are likely to be the thickest. another advantage of this plan is that a practically new library catalogue may be made up from old printed catalogues. some five-and-twenty years ago, the athenaeum club possessed a worn-out catalogue of its library. supplements were printed, and i laid down in one alphabet a catalogue of the whole, which has lasted to the present time, although i believe it is pretty well worn out now. there were certain difficulties to be overcome, for the catalogue and its supplements were not made on the same system. card catalogues have been strongly advocated by some, and they present many advantages if used while the catalogue is growing in completeness; but for use when the catalogue is completed they cannot compete in convenience with the plan just described. it takes much longer to look through a series of cards representing the works of a given author than it does to run the eye down a page of titles.[19] professor otis robinson, in his article on "college library administration" (_united states report on public libraries_, p. 512), writes thus on the adoption of card catalogues in the united states:- "in some of the largest libraries of the country the card system has been exclusively adopted. several of them have no intention of printing any more catalogues in book form. in others cards are adopted for current accessions, with the expectation of printing supplements from them from time to time. i think the tendency of the smaller libraries is to adopt the former plan, keeping a manuscript card catalogue of books as they are added, without a thought of printing." this system of cataloguing has not taken hold of the english mind, although it has been adopted at the bodleian library by mr. nicholson, and at the guildhall library. the growth of this fashion appears to me as something almost incomprehensible, and one can only ask why such a primitive mode of arrangement should be preferred to a book catalogue. i can scarcely imagine anything more maddening than a frequent reference to cards in a drawer; and my objection is not theoretical, but formed on a long course of fingering slips or cards. if the arrangement of the catalogue is constantly being altered, it may be convenient to have cards; but when a proper system has been settled at the beginning, this cannot be necessary. when additions only have to be considered, these can be inserted into the book catalogue, so that the catalogue may last for many years. the use of a duplicate set of titles on cards for use in arrangement, which can be arranged and rearranged as often as required, is quite another matter. this plan is adopted at the bodleian. varieties of type help the eye to choose out what it requires, and there is much saving of time in consulting a good printed catalogue instead of a good manuscript one. this is not a matter of opinion merely, but can be proved at once by consulting the printed volumes of the british museum catalogue against the volumes still in manuscript. before the details of printing are finally settled it is well to pay particular attention to the typographical arrangement, as a catalogue will be all the more useful as it is well set out. a very ingenious scheme for the stereotyping of catalogue titles was published by mr. c. c. jewett, librarian of the smithsonian institution, in 1850.[20] the mode of carrying out the plan is explained as follows:- "1. the smithsonian institution to publish rules for the preparation of catalogues. "2. to request other institutions intending to publish catalogues of their books to prepare them according to these rules, with a view to their being stereotyped under the direction of the smithsonian institution. "3. the smithsonian institution to pay the whole _extra_ expense of stereotyping, or such part thereof as may be agreed on. "4. the stereotyped titles to remain the property of the smithsonian institution. "5. every library uniting in this plan to have the right of using all the titles in the possession of the smithsonian institution, as often as desired for the printing of its own catalogue by the institution; paying only the expense of making up the pages, of the press work, and of distributing the titles to their proper places. "6. the smithsonian institution to publish as soon as possible, and at stated intervals, general catalogues of all libraries coming into this system." it is not necessary here to explain how the stereotyped slips were to be manufactured, as the explanation will be found in the original paper. a scheme of an allied character was propounded by the late mr. henry stevens, who read a very interesting and amusing paper before the conference of librarians in 1877 on "photo-bibliography; or, a central bibliographical clearing house" (_transactions_, pp. 70-81). mr. stevens wrote:- "my notion is that every book, big and little, that is published, like every child, big and little, that is born, should be registered, without inquiry into its merits or character.... i ask the attention of this conference of librarians to a word on the necessity of cataloguing every book printed; the importance of printed card catalogues of old, rare, beautiful, and costly books, and how to make them on a co-operative or universal system, which, for lack of a better term, i shall for the present call 'photo-bibliography.' for carrying out this project a central bibliographical bureau or clearing house for librarians is suggested." the author goes on to say:- "from the days of hipparchus to the present time, the stars have been catalogued; and to-day every bird, beast, fish, shell, insect, and living thing, yea every tree, shrub, flower, rock, and gem, as they become known are scientifically, systematically, and intelligently named, described, and catalogued. in all these departments of human knowledge there is a well-ascertained and generally acknowledged system, which is dignified as a science." but no such system of registering books has ever been attempted. the cure for this negligence is then suggested:- "this isolation and waste of vain repetition, it is believed, is wholly unnecessary. there is no royal road, it has been said, to knowledge. he who would attain the goal must learn to labour and to wait, for knowledge is locked up mainly in books, appropriately termed works. there is, however, a short cut with a pass-key in universal or co-operative bibliography, a simple system of arrangement by which may be economized the labours of hundreds who are cataloguing over and over the same books." mr. stevens's special contribution to this great object was the use of reduced photographs of the title-pages of rare and curious books. the adoption of this plan would help on vastly the study of bibliography. the strong feeling as to the waste of time occupied in the constant repetition going on in cataloguing the same book in different libraries crops up again and again, and surely we shall in the end be able to elaborate some scheme which will meet such a universally felt want. professor robinson was one of the earliest to protest against this waste, and his attention was called to it when inspecting various card catalogues. he found similar cards being repeatedly reproduced, and he suggested that by some system of cooperation this waste of labour might be reduced (_united states report on public libraries_, pp. 512-14). two practical suggestions have been made. one is that every publisher should place in each copy of each book issued by him a catalogue slip made upon a proper system which has been settled by competent authorities, so that there may be a satisfactory uniformity; and the other that each government should catalogue every work published in its country. the former plan is scarcely likely to be undertaken systematically by all publishers, but the latter one might be carried out in connection with the ratification of copyright privileges. every publication should be registered, and a copy submitted at the registration office. a part of the business of this office should be to issue periodically proper catalogue slips of every work registered, on a settled plan that had been well thought out by experts. the authorities of stationers' hall ought long ago to have been instructed to issue lists of all the books registered there; and if they were not prepared to undertake the duties indicated by the new registration law, the office might possibly be transferred to the british museum with advantage. if england initiated such a scheme, other nations would probably follow its lead. at present the catalogue of the british museum, as now published, to some extent fulfils the required conditions; but much that is published in great britain even escapes through the meshes of the museum's widespread net. however much printed catalogues may be superior to manuscript ones, the latter must always be used in a large number of cases, especially for private libraries; and therefore it may be well to say a few words here respecting the preparation and keeping up of a manuscript catalogue. there are two ways of making and keeping up a new catalogue. the one is that adopted at the british museum, which was suggested simultaneously by the right hon. j. wilson croker, and by mr. roy, one of the assistant librarians in the printed book department. the catalogue slips are lightly pasted down into guarded volumes, the ends being left unpasted, so that the slips can easily be detached with the help of a paper-knife if it be needful at any time to change their position. the other plan is to copy out fairly the titles on one side of sheets of paper, proper spaces being left, as well as the whole of the opposite page for additions. these sheets are afterwards bound into a volume or volumes. the former plan is the best for a large and a constantly increasing catalogue; but the latter plan is more satisfactory for an ordinary private library, as it forms a more shapable and better-looking volume. from experience it may be said that a catalogue of this kind, in which proper spaces have been left, will last for many years; and should it become congested in any one portion, it is quite easy to rewrite those pages on a larger scale, and have the volume rebound. ====================================================== |case.|shelf.| |size.|date.| |-----+------+---------------------------+-----+-----| | 10 | b | haydn (joseph). haydn's |_8vo_|1878 | | | | dictionary of dates and | | | | | | universal information, | | | | | | relating to all ages and | | | | | | nations; 16th edition, | | | | | | containing the history of | | | | | | the world to the autumn | | | | | | of 1878, by benjamin | | | | | | vincent. _london_. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | a specimen of how paper should be ruled for a manuscript catalogue made on the latter plan is given on page 72. the columns at the right-hand side of the paper, for size and date, add to the clearness of the catalogue, as well as making the page look neater. the most useful size is about 1 ft. 5 in. high by 11-1/2 in. wide--the size of whatman's best drawing paper, which can be used with advantage. [decoration] footnotes: [16] it must be thoroughly understood that this catalogue of letter a is in itself an excellent piece of work. its shortcomings are entirely due to incompleteness caused by premature printing. [17] _transactions_ of the fourth and fifth annual meetings of the library association, 1884, pp. 122-23. in the discussion which followed the reading of this paper, i ventured to speak of the british museum having been converted to the advantages of printing. mr. bullen in his speech said: "there were those in the museum, mr. garnett and himself among them, who, long before the present time, advocated printed, in contradistinction to manuscript, catalogues. as a manuscript catalogue was one of the greatest advantages to a library, so a printed catalogue must of course be of a hundred times greater advantage" (p. 207). [18] i find that the merits of this plan are not so self-evident as i thought, for my friend, mr. j. b. bailey, librarian of the royal college of surgeons, who has had experience of a double columned catalogue, prefers a single column with the _verso_ of each page left for additions. i allow that there may be advantages in the latter, but as an octavo page of print is very narrow it is wasteful of space to have only one column. where it is no disadvantage to have a catalogue in several volumes, this question of space need not be considered. [19] mr. cutter gives some useful information respecting card catalogues and the drawers used for keeping the cards, in his article on "library catalogues" (_united states report on public libraries_, pp. 555-60). [20] "a plan for stereotyping catalogues by separate titles, and for forming a general stereotyped catalogue of public libraries in the united states." _proceedings of the fourth meeting of the american association for the advancement of science,st 1850_ (8vo, washington, 1851). [decoration] 1851). [decoration] chapter iv. how to treat a title-page. in this chapter we shall discuss the various points that arise in connection with the transference of the title of a book to the catalogue slip, and for convenience we shall treat the subject under the following main divisions: 1. author; 2. headings other than author headings; 3. the title; 4. place of publication; 5. date; 6. size notation; 7. collation. before dealing with these points it is necessary to give the cataloguer a warning not to take his title from the outer wrapper. the title-page only must be used, but in cases where there is no title-page, and it becomes necessary to copy from the wrapper, this must be clearly stated. wrappers and title-pages of the same book often differ, and a neglect of the above rule has sometimes caused a confusion in bibliographies by the conversion of one book into two. author. with the title-page of the book to be catalogued before us, our first care is to find the author's name. if there is no author's name, we must put the book aside for consideration later on. first of all, therefore, it is necessary to answer the question, what is an author? mr. cutter's definition is as follows: "author, in the narrower sense, is the person who writes a book; in a wider sense, it may be applied to him who is the cause of the book's existence, by putting together the writings of several authors (usually called _the editor_, more properly to be called _the collector_). bodies of men (societies, cities, legislative bodies, countries) are to be considered the authors of their memoirs, transactions, journals, debates, reports, etc." this is a fair definition, about which there can be no dispute, down to the word _collector_; but the latter portion requires much consideration, and we shall have to deal with it further on. first let us consider some of the questions which arise respecting the person who writes the book. if we suppose his names to be john smith, we have the matter in its simplest form for a small catalogue, and we write at the head of a slip of paper--smith (john). but in the case of a large library, the very simplicity causes a difficulty. there are so many different john smiths, that it becomes necessary to find out some means of distinguishing them. at the british museum explanatory designations, such as _schoolmaster_, _bibliographer_, etc., are added; but this point belongs more properly to arrangement, which will be discussed in the sixth chapter of this book. all authors' names, however, are not so simple as those of john smith, and one of the greatest difficulties is connected with compound names. a few years ago the rule respecting these compound names might have been stated quite simply, thus: "in foreign names take the first as the catch-word, and in english names take the last." but lately a large number of persons have taken a fancy to bring into prominence their second christian name, when it is obtained from a surname, and, adding a hyphen, insist on being called clarkson-smith, sholto-brown, or tredegar-jones. now here is a great difficulty which the cataloguer has to face. take the case of john clarkson smith. his family name may be clarkson, and the smith added as a necessary consequence of obtaining a certain property, in which case he properly comes under c; but he may just as likely be a smith, who, having been named clarkson at his christening, thinks it advantageous to bring that name into prominence, so as to distinguish himself from the other smiths. probably, to still further carry on the process, he will name all his children clarkson, so that in the end it will become practically a compound surname. the cataloguer, therefore, needs to know much personal and family history before he can decide correctly. if we decide in all cases to take the first of the names hyphened together, we shall still meet with difficulties, for many persons, knowing the origin of the clarkson, will insist on calling our friend smith. on this point the british museum rule is:- "foreign compound surnames to be entered under the initial of the first of them. in compound dutch and english surnames, the last name to be preferred, if no entry of a work by the same person occur in the catalogue under the first name only." cutter rules as follows:- "16. put compound names: "_a._ if english, under the last part of the name, when the first has not been used alone by the author. "this rule requires no investigation and secures uniformity; but, like all rules, it sometimes leads to entries under headings where nobody would look for them. refer. "_b._ if foreign, under the first part. "both such compound names as gentil-bernard, and such as gentil de chavagnac. there are various exceptions, as fenelon, not salignac de lamothe fenelon; voltaire, not arouet de voltaire. moreover, it is not always easy to determine what is a compound surname in french. a convenient rule would be to follow the authority of hoefer (_biog gen._) and querard in such cases, if they always agreed,--unfortunately they often differ. references are necessary whichever way one decides each case." the library association rule is:- "32. english compound surnames are to be entered under the last part of the name; foreign ones under the first part, cross-references being given in all instances." the cambridge rule is as follows:- "4. [english] compound surnames to be entered under the last part of the compound, unless when joined by a hyphen. "9. [foreign] compound names to be under the first part of the compound." it will be seen that, although all the lawgivers are agreed upon the general principle, they do not entirely settle the difficulty which has been raised above. probably it will be best for the cataloguer to settle each individual case on its own merits, and to be generous in the use of cross-references. it is dangerous to be guided by hyphens, because they have become absurdly common, and many persons seem to be ignorant of the true meaning of the hyphen. one sometimes even sees an ordinary christian name joined to the surname by a hyphen, as john-smith. prefixes present a great difficulty to the cataloguer, and here again a different rule has to be adopted for foreign names to that which governs english names. the broad rule is that in foreign names the article should be retained, and the preposition rejected; and the reason for this is that the article is permanent, while the preposition is not. a prefix which is translated into the relative term in a foreign language cannot be considered as a fixed portion of the name. thus alexander von humboldt translated his name into alexander de humboldt when away from his native country. for the same reason prefixes are retained in english names. they have no meaning in themselves, and cannot be translated. there is a difficulty in the case of certain cosmopolitan jews who use the "de" before their names. this is so with the rothschilds, who style themselves de rothschilds; but when a british peerage was conferred on the head of the house the "de" went. under these circumstances we must consider the "de" as a foreign prefix, and reject it. there is probably no point in cataloguing which presents so many difficulties to the inexperienced as this one connected with prefixes, and yet it is one upon which the lawgivers are far from being so clear as they ought to be. mr. cutter's rule is the fullest, and that of the library association the vaguest. mr. cutter writes as follows:- "17. put surnames preceded by prefixes: "_a._ in french, under the prefix when it is or contains an article, _les_, _la_, _l'_, _du_, _des_; under the word following when the prefix is a preposition, _de_, _d'_. "_b._ in english, under the prefix, as _de quincey_, _van buren_, with references when necessary. "_c._ in all other languages, under the name following the prefix, as _gama_, vasco de, with references whenever the name has been commonly used in english with the prefix, as _del rio_, _vandyck_, _van ess_." this is all the library association have to say:- "31. english and french surnames beginning with a prefix (except the french _de_ and _d'_) are to be recorded under the prefix; in other languages, under the word following." the british museum rule stands thus:- "12. foreign names, excepting french, preceded by a preposition and article, or by both, to be entered under the name immediately following. french names preceded by a preposition only, to follow the same rule: those preceded by an article, or by a preposition and an article, to be entered under the initial letter of the article. english surnames, of foreign origin, to be entered under their initial, even if originally belonging to a preposition." the cambridge rules are as follows:- "8. german and dutch names, preceded by a preposition or an article, or both, to be catalogued under the name, and not under the preposition or article. "9. french, italian, spanish, and portuguese names, preceded by a preposition only, to be catalogued under the name; those preceded by an article, or by a preposition and an article forming one word, to be catalogued under the article or combined preposition and article." the point was fully considered by the index society; and as the rule laid down by the council is full and clear, i venture to give it here in addition to those above. "5. proper names of foreigners to be alphabetically arranged under the prefixes _dal._ as _dal sie._ _del._ _del rio._ _della._ _della casa._ _des._ _des cloiseaux._ _du._ _du bois._ _la._ _la condamine._ _le._ _le sage._ but not under the prefixes _d'._ as _abbadie_ not _d'abbadie._ _da._ _silva_ _da silva._ _de._ _la place_ _de la place._ _von._ _humboldt_ _von humboldt._ _van._ _beneden_ _van beneden._ _van der._ _hoeven_ _van der hoeven._ it is an acknowledged principle that when the prefix is a preposition it is to be rejected, but when an article it is to be retained. when, however, as in the case of the french _du_, _des_, the two are joined, it is necessary to retain the preposition. this also applies to the case of the italian _della_, which is often rejected by cataloguers. english names are, however, to be arranged under the prefixes _de_, _dela_, _van_, etc., _as de quincey_, _delabeche_, _van mildert_, because these prefixes are meaningless in english and form an integral part of the name." we must be careful not to invent an author by misreading a title, as was done by the cataloguer who entered the _relatio felicis agonis_ of certain martyrs as the work of one felix ago.[21] this is by no means an unnecessary caution, for several imaginary authors have found their way into biographical dictionaries by the blundering of title-readers. the british museum rule by which voltaire is entered under _arouet_ and moliere under _poquelin_ has been so often criticised that i scarcely like to refer to it here; but as these are very striking examples of an irritating rule, i feel bound to allude to them. mr. jewett, in forming his rules, felt bound to place arouet le jeune and poquelin under the only names by which they are known, viz., voltaire and moliere; and to cover his departure from rules he was following, he made this note: "the family name of an individual is to be considered that which he has or adopts for himself and his descendants rather than that which he received from his ancestors--his family name, not his father's." this, to a great extent, covers the case; for we are bound to take for our catalogue the name by which an author decides to be known, and by which he always is known. it is not for us to rake up his family history. panizzi, however, specially answered the objection made to his treatment of voltaire. he said that lelong, in his _bibliotheque historique de la france_, while voltaire was alive, entered him under arouet; and in answer to the question, "mr. tomlinson states that the family name of voltaire was arouet, a name which the writer himself never used, and by which he was scarcely known?" panizzi added, "the first thing that occurred in his life was, that he was sent to prison as arouet, as the supposed writer of certain satirical verses against the regent; and if you look at the index to the best edition of st. simon, you will not find voltaire at all. you will find m. arouet. we put it under arouet, but there is a cross-reference from voltaire. i believe mr. milnes pointed out the advantage of this, because, he said, the greatest harm that can arise is, that if you look under 'voltaire' you find that you are sent to 'arouet,' but if we are not consistent we mislead every one" (p. 675). this is an answer, but i do not think it will be accepted as a satisfactory one. the reference could as easily be made the other way, and no one would be misled. references should be from the little known to the better known, and not the reverse way. we may pay too high a price for consistency in cataloguing. by the rule that an author should be placed under the name by which he is best known, melanchthon will be under that name and not under schwartzerde, oecolampadius not under hausschein, xylander not under holzmann, regiomontanus not under mueller. the tersest reason i know for this rule is that of professor de morgan: "as the butchers' bills of these eminent men are lost, and their writings only remain, it is best to designate them by the name which they bear on the latter rather than on the former." we shall sometimes come upon a title in which the author appears as the bishop of carlisle, or the dean of chichester; and before making the heading for our catalogue slip we shall have to look in a book of dignities, or almanac, or directory to find out the surname of the bishop or the dean. these titles can no more be treated as names than could the mayor or recorder of brighton be registered under the name of that place. this rule is clear, and one that is universally adopted; but in another case, which is supposed to be similar, the lawgivers have, i think, gone very wrong. it has become general to place peers under their family names instead of under their titles. this rule is in direct opposition to the clear principle of placing an author under the name by which he is best known, and under which he is most likely to be sought for. the majority of peers are known only by their titles, and therefore if they are placed under their family names they are placed under the worst possible heading. readers of history know that the great duke of marlborough began to make a figure as colonel churchill, but most persons know him only as marlborough, and when they wish to find whether a certain catalogue contains his despatches, they do not wish either to be referred to churchill or to have to look for his family name in a peerage. the titles of noblemen and the names of the sees of bishops have really little in common. the title is practically the man's name, and he has no other for use; but a bishop never loses his name. the british museum rules, and those of the cambridge university library, direct that noblemen shall be placed under their family names. at cambridge there is the further rule that, "in the case of dukes of the blood royal who have no surname, the title is to be taken as the leading word." the necessity for this exception condemns the original rule. the library association and bodleian rules adopt the common-sense plan of entering noblemen under their titles; and mr. cutter gives some excellent reasons for doing this, although he cannot make up his mind to run counter to a supposed well-established rule. mr. cutter writes:- "stanhope, philip dormer, _4th earl of chesterfield_.... this is the british museum rule and mr. jewett's. mr. perkins prefers entry under titles for british noblemen also, in which i should agree with him if the opposite practice were not so well established. the reasons for entry under the title are that british noblemen are always spoken of, always sign by their titles only, and seldom put the family name upon the title-pages of their books, so that ninety-nine in a hundred readers must look under the title first. the reasons against it are that the founders of noble families are often as well known--sometimes even better--by their family name as by their titles (as charles jenkinson, afterwards lord liverpool; sir robert walpole, afterwards earl of orford); that the same man bears different titles in different parts of his life (thus p. stanhope published his _history of england from the peace of utrecht_ as lord mahon, and his _reign of queen anne_ as earl stanhope); that it separates members of the same family (lord chancellor eldon would be under eldon, and his father and all his brothers and sisters under the family name, scott), and brings together members of different families (thus the earldom of bath has been held by members of the families of shaunde, bourchier, granville, and pulteney, and the family name of the present marquis of bath is thynne), which last argument would be more to the point in planning a family history. the same objections apply to the entry of french noblemen under their titles, about which there can be no hesitation. the strongest argument in favour of the museum rule is that it is well established, and that it is desirable that there should be some uniform rule." sovereigns, saints, and friars are to be registered under their christian names. upon this point all the authorities are agreed. the british museum rule is:- "iv. the works of sovereigns, or of princes of sovereign houses, to be entered under their christian or first name, in their english form. "vi. works of friars, who, by the constitution of their order, drop their surname, to be entered under the christian name; the name of the family, if ascertained, to be added in brackets. the same to be done for persons canonized as well as for those known under their first name only, to which, for the sake of distinction, they add that of their native place or profession or rank." the cambridge rule 12 is the same as the british museum rule vi., but worded a little differently. the library association rule appears in a highly condensed form, thus:- "28. all persons generally known by a forename are to be so entered, the english form being used in the case of sovereigns, popes, ruling princes, oriental writers, friars, and persons canonized." as usual, mr. cutter is more explicit. his rule is as follows:- "13. put under the christian or first name: "_a._ sovereigns or princes of sovereign houses. use the english form of the name." the direction, "use the english form of the name," was a concession to ignorance. when it was given, that form was almost alone employed in english books. since then the tone of literature has changed; the desire for local colouring has led to the use of foreign forms, and we have become familiarized with louis, henri, marguerite, carlos, karl, wilhelm, gustaf. if the present tendency continues, we shall be able to treat princes' names like any other foreign names; perhaps the next generation of cataloguers will no more tolerate the headings _william_, emperor of germany, lewis xiv., than they will tolerate virgil, horace, pliny. the change, to be sure, would give rise to some difficult questions of nationality, but it would diminish the number of the titles now accumulated under the more common royal names. "_b._ persons canonized. "_ex._ thomas [a becket], _saint_. "_c._ friars, who, by the constitution of their order, drop their surname. add the name of the family in parentheses, and refer from it. "_ex._ paolino da s. bartolomeo [j. p. wesdin]. "_d._ persons known under their first name only, whether or not they add that of their native place or profession or rank. "_ex._ paulus _diaconus_, thomas _heisterbacensis_." here are, i think, two points which are open to question. doubtless it is far better to use the correct forms of foreign christian names than the english forms, and when the initial is the same there can be no objection; but it is not satisfactory to separate the same name over different letters of the alphabet. it must be remembered that the name in a catalogue is a heading taken out of its proper place on the title-page, for the sake of convenience, and therefore there is no impropriety or show of ignorance if these headings are in english. as to the practice with respect to the names of saints, i think the rule is a good one; but there must be some exceptions, and mr. cutter's example i should treat as an exception. thomas a becket, archbishop of canterbury, is known to most men as becket, and under that name they would look for him. the mere fact that the roman catholic church chose to canonize him does not seem to be a sufficient reason for putting him under the heading of thomas (st.), where no one but an ecclesiastic would think of looking for him. these rules go on to deal with oriental authors, who are to be placed under their first names. this rule is, perhaps, the safest, if we know nothing of oriental names; but it will often need to be departed from, and mr. cutter's suggestion is therefore a good one. he writes: "graesse's _lehrbuch einer allgemeinen literaergeschichte_ is a convenient guide in this matter; he prints that part of the name by which arabic writers are commonly known in a heavier type than the rest." this is not a subject which is likely to trouble the general cataloguer much, and in the case of a multitude of oriental works special information must be sought. something must now be said about christian names. these should not be contracted, but written in full, unless a special system of contraction is adopted. mr. cutter suggested in the _american library journal_ that the most common christian names should be represented by an initial with a colon after it; thus, hart, g: h:, would read hart, george henry; but hart, g. h., would be read as usual, and g. h. might stand for any names. mr. cutter contributed a list of the abbreviations of christian names which he adopted to the _american library journal_ (vol. i., p. 405). there is a great difficulty connected with the arrangement of christian names in large catalogues, such as that of the british museum, which must be overcome by means of cross-references. suppose a certain work which you require is written by one charles raphael smith. you are pretty sure to have the name given as raphael smith, and in consequence you will seek for the name in the secondary alphabet r, while it will really be found under c, and to this position you probably have no clue. sometimes cataloguers take a great deal of pains to discover a christian name that an author has persistently dropped, but this in general only gives everyone unnecessary trouble. in foreign titles it is not always easy to distinguish between christian and surnames. for instance, there are a large number of surnames in spanish which are formed from christian names in the same way as richards is formed from richard. thus fernando is a christian name, but fernandez or fernandes is a surname. again, in hungarian and some other languages, the surname is placed first, and is followed by the christian name. the surname is, in fact, made into an adjective, as if we spoke of the smithian john instead of john smith. * * * * * a difficulty arises when authors change their name, for it is necessary to bring all the works by an author under one heading, and the question must be settled whether the first or the last name is to be chosen. the british museum rule is:- "xi. works of authors who change their name, or add to it a second, after having begun to publish under the first, to be entered under the first name, noticing any alteration which may have subsequently taken place." this is a very inconvenient rule, as it frequently causes an author to be placed under his least known name. for instance, in the british museum catalogue the works of sir francis palgrave are entered under cohen, a name which not one in ten thousand persons knows to have been the original name of the historian. the reverse plan is therefore more generally adopted. thus the cambridge rule is:- "7. persons who change their names, or add a second name or a title, to be catalogued under the final form (being a surname) which their name assumes, the previous entries being gathered under this heading by means of written entries on the slip." and cutter writes:- "15. put the works of authors who change their name under the latest form, provided the new name be legally and permanently adopted." intimately connected with this change of name by authors is the case of authoresses who are married after they have commenced to write. here the most convenient plan is to adopt the husband's name, except in those cases where the authoress elects to continue her maiden name. in this, as in many other cases, it is not advisable to go behind the writer's own statement in the title-page. if the author is consistent in using one name on all his or her works, there is no need to seek out a name which he or she does not use. the cataloguer's difficulty arises when different names are used at different periods of life; and, as his main duty is to bring all the works of an author under one heading, he must decide which of the different names he is to choose as a heading. mr. cutter's rule is:- "married women, using the surname of the last husband, or if divorced, the name then assumed. refer. "i should be inclined to make an exception in the case of those wives who continue writing, and are known in literature, only under their maiden names (as miss freer, or fanny lewald), were we sure of dealing with them only as authors, but they may be subjects; we may have lives of them, for instance, which ought to be entered under their present names." the library association rule is rather ambiguous:- "29. married women and other persons who have changed their names to be put under the name best known, with a cross-reference from the last authorized name." the case of married women is carried by the british museum rule respecting change of name which is quoted above, with the inconvenient result that mrs. centlivre, the playwright, who is only known by that name, appears in the british museum catalogue under the name carroll. * * * * * having dealt with some of the difficulties of modern names, we will pass on to consider some of the points connected with classical names. there is little difficulty connected with greek authors, as they usually had but one name; but as a mixture of alphabets cannot be tolerated in the headings of catalogues, we must use the latin form of these names, as herodotus, not [greek: erodotus]. in this case, besides the inconvenience of different alphabets, we should have the author known to us all as herodotus under the letter e, if we adopted the original form. there is more to be said with respect to the names of roman authors. mr. cutter's rule is:- "18. put names of latin authors under that part of the name chosen in smith's _dictionary of greek and roman biography_, unless there is some good reason for not doing so." this rule is very good as far as it goes, but a general rule may be laid down which will save the cataloguer from the need of consulting smith, except in very difficult cases. most latin authors have three names--the prenomen, which answers to our christian name; the nomen, or family name; and the agnomen. in the case of quintus horatius flaccus, quintus is the prenomen, horatius the nomen by which the author is and ought to be known, and flaccus is the agnomen. but in the case of cicero we have incorrectly taken to call him by his agnomen, although our ancestors correctly called him by his nomen, tully. the same thing may be said of caesar, whose family name was julius. but we must be content to follow custom in these cases. besides the agnomen some men had a cognomen, or strictly personal name, and some had two prenomens; so that it is not safe to take the middle of three names as the nomen for certain. in some cases the prenomens of authors have been lost, and others have come down to us without agnomens. * * * * * having dealt with the chief difficulties connected with the arrangement of the name of an author when there is no doubt about who the author is, we must now pass on to those cases where there is some difficulty in deciding as to the authorship of a book. many titles are purposely misleading. thus a letter addressed to some celebrated person is made to appear as if it were written by that person. a well-known county history in six volumes, quarto, is constantly quoted as the work of one who never wrote it, on account of the misleading character of the title-page. this book is entitled, "_collections for the history of hampshire_. by d. y. with original domesday of the county, and an accurate english translation.... by richard warner...." the second volume contains the domesday, and this alone is edited by warner. in his _literary recollections_ (1830), the rev. r. warner remarks on this. he writes: "a circumstance somewhat singular arose out of the publication of _hampshire, extracted from domesday book_, as the volume formed the foundation of one of the most barefaced piracies ever committed on the literary property of an unfortunate author" (vol. ii., p. 267). mr. cutter's remark, already referred to, that he who is the cause of a book's existence should be treated as the author, is a perfectly just one. thus we are in the habit of using the word "editor" rather loosely. according to the work done by the so-called editor, we shall arrange the book under his name or not. if a man takes a book which already exists and edits it with notes, he establishes no right to have its title placed under his name. for instance, if the original book has an author, it goes under his name; or if it is anonymous, it is treated by the rule that governs anonymous books. to adopt any other system would be to distribute various editions of the same book under different headings. on the other hand, if a man collects together various pieces, and forms an entirely new and substantive work, he should be treated as the author, because without his initiative the book would have no existence. hakluyt's _principal navigations of the english navigators_, purchas's _pilgrimes and pilgrimages_, and pinkerton's _collection of voyages and travels_, are special cases about which no one would doubt; but the cataloguer will come upon cases where he may have some difficulty in deciding. mr. cutter enters very fully into the points relating to corporate authors, some of which are of considerable difficulty. first among corporate authors are societies and institutions who publish proceedings; but these will be treated in the sixth chapter, under the heading of transactions. there are, however, many other publications of corporate bodies which do not come under this heading, such as acts, laws, resolutions, reports, etc. it is scarcely worth while to discuss this point very fully here, as this class of book is only to be found in the largest libraries, where the rules are settled. moreover, they will sometimes require to be treated differently, according to the class of library in which they are included. according to the rules of the cambridge university library, they are arranged under the general (or superior) heading of _official publications_. academical dissertations frequently offer considerable difficulties to the cataloguer, and as the recognized authorities are not so clear in their rules upon this subject as they might be, i venture here to introduce the substance of a paper which my brother, the late mr. b. r. wheatley, read before the library association in 1881:-on the question of authorship in academical dissertations. in the "title-taking" of these dissertations the difficulty is not in their "subjects," which are sometimes confined even to a single word, but it is in the choice of their authors' names: whether the praeses, the respondent, the proponent or defendant is to be chosen. it may perhaps be thought that i am fighting with a shadow, but when it is considered that the seventh of the _rules for cataloguing_ printed by the british museum, copied afterwards into cutter's rules, and since, i find, adopted by the library association, is that "the respondent or defendant of a thesis is the author, except when it unequivocally appears to be the work of the praeses," and that nevertheless in some special catalogues, such as pritzel's _thesaurus_, haller's _bibliothecae_, etc., and in the catalogues of the linnaean and some other societies' libraries, the rule has been generally adopted that the praeses is the author, or at least that he takes that position from the dissertations being entered under his name--and that in a large number of collections of these dissertations, this latter rule has been frequently favoured--it will be allowed that this shadow puts on a substantial appearance, and has sufficient reality in it to bear a practical discussion. in placing before you some examples from title-pages, in illustration of the question, i must apologize for taking them entirely from works connected with medicine and its allied sciences, as being the class more immediately ready to my hand for reference. before entering on the bibliographical part of our subject, you will allow me to quote, from watts' _on the improvement of the mind_, a short summary of the method of scholastic disputation: "the tutor appoints a question in some of the sciences to be debated amongst his students; one of them undertakes to affirm or to deny the question and to defend his assertion or negation, and to answer all objections against it; he is called the _respondent_, and the rest of the students in the same class or who pursue the same science are the _opponents_, who are appointed to dispute or raise objections against the proposition affirmed or denied. it is the business of the respondent to write a thesis in latin, or short discourse on the question proposed, and he either affirms or denies the question according to the opinion of the tutor, which is supposed to be the truth, and he reads it at the beginning of the dispute. the opponent, or opponents in succession, make objections in the form of a syllogism, the proposition in which is in reply argued against and denied by the respondent. during this time the tutor sits in the chair as president or moderator to see that the rules of disputation and decency be observed on both sides. his work is also to illustrate and explain the answer or distinction of the respondent where it is obscure, to strengthen it where it is weak, and to correct it where it is false, and when the respondent is pinched with a strong objection, and is at a loss for an answer, the moderator assists him and suggests some answer to the objection of the opponent, in defence of the question, according to his own opinion or sentiment." the latter part of the above quotation seems to be the only ground for attributing an authorship to the praeses, viz., that he has had so great a hand in correcting and moulding the form and argument of the essay as to be entitled to the appellation. i cannot understand the thesis being attributed to the praeses on any other supposition, but if that supposition be correct, and the praeses did give the candidate the information on which his dissertation is compiled, and the candidate had merely the superficial reality of the position as a defender of the statements given in his thesis, would not that circumstance be purely a literary question and a matter for a statement by foot-note? while, as the candidate for honours brings the thesis forward as his own, he must bibliographically be considered its author. the questions also arise: is the published thesis the original thesis prepared for disputation, or is it in its printed form a combination of that thesis with such corrections and emendations as have been elicited in the discussion? is it like a paper contributed to our societies, in which the _ipsissima verba_ of the author are retained if the paper is thought generally worthy of publication, in despite of some of its statements having been contravened in the discussion? is it like a drafted bill for parliament, or as amended in committee or by a rival committee, with the chairman's notes of addition and correction? might not the authorship, if conceded to the praeses on these grounds, be given also to a schoolmaster who suggested some of the principal points of the themes for his pupils on which they were to gain honour and distinction; or to a drawing-master, who "in years gone by, when we were lads at school," put some last brilliant touches to our dull, spiritless attempts at imitation; rendering our pencillings liable, in their improved condition, to be declared by some cynical critic, much to our dissatisfaction, more our master's than our own? in the _dissertationes inaugurales_ of the edinburgh, leipzig, goettingen, berlin, paris, and other universities, there is little or no difficulty, where the author, a. b. _eruditorum examini subjicit, ex auctoritate rectoris vel praefecti_, as, if we take, for instance, the case of the edinburgh dissertations, no one could suppose the hundreds of dissertations submitted for examination by aspirants for academic honours could all be attributed, either to the learned praefects drs. wishart or wm. robertson of the last century, or to dr. georgius baird of the first quarter of the present; and one of the difficulties connected with the question is, how far the usual praeses in thesis with a respondent, is or is not in almost the same relative position as the rector of the above dissertations, and in fact whether the hundred and one different forms and variations of words on title-pages used in the various cases of rector and candidate for honours, praeses and proponent, praeses and defendant, defendant alone, praeses and respondent, respondent alone, etc., are not all slightly varying representations of much the same condition of things, modified perhaps by some variety of usages, as in sweden, for instance, which may have been more favourable to the claims of the praeses than in other countries; a condition, however, which is a veritable proteus in its many changes of shape. presidents, we allow to be absolute in their decisions, but in the case of these dissertations they are in an "ablative absolute" position, and therefore, i suggest, should, with few exceptions, be removed from the status of author, which belongs grammatically as well as bibliographically to the proponent, defendant, or respondent, who in the nominative case dominates the entire construction of the title-page. the british museum rule, as adopted by mr. cutter in his _rules for a dictionary catalogue_ and by our association since, viz., "_consider the respondent or defendant of a thesis as its author except when it unequivocally appears to be the work of the praeses_," does not comprehend cases where both the words respondent and defendant occur together. the respondent is the author when words like _auctor respondens_ are attached to his name, or when the praeses is the only other name mentioned on the title, but not when there is a proponent or defendant, as in the following out of many instances i could produce:- "_de mangano_: dissertatio quam publice _defendere_ studebit g. forchhammer, _respondente_ tho. g. repp;" hafniae, 1820, 4to. "dissertatio medica quam auspiciis rectoris friderici hassiae landgravii _defendet_ p. j. borellus, _respondente_ h. g. sibeckero." i should like, therefore, to have added to that rule, "the defendant or respondent is the author when either occurs separately on the title-page, but when together, the defendant must be so considered." in cutter's rules for cross-referencing, he considers that one should be made from the praeses to the respondent or defendant of a thesis, which i cannot but consider supererogatory; the contrary one, from respondent to praeses, where the praeses can be proved to be the author, has more reason in its favour. this latter case is, however, of comparatively rare occurrence, the following being examples of those few cases in which the authorship must be given to him:- "_dissertatio quam sistit praeses g. f. francus de frankenau, respondente daniel wagnero;_" hafniae, 1704, the dedication being also signed by francus. "_de humoribus disputatio, authore ac praeside d._ _c. lucio et respondente m. rotmundo_," ingolstadii, 1588. in what way, favourable or unfavourable to the praeses-author hypothesis, shall we take such titles as-deo triuno praeside ex decreto gratiosi med. ordinis. quam deo ter optimo maximo praeside ex auctoritate d. rectoris exam. subjicit j. g. w. quam praeside summo numine ex auctoritate d. rectoris subjicit j. g. w. when the praeses is the author he is usually called author, defendant, or proponent, never respondent, but the opposing respondent is sometimes a participating author. the following case is one of our difficulties, and shows the necessity of looking further than the title:- "_dissertatio de haemorrhoidibus, praeses geo. francus, respondens j. g. carisius_, heidelb. 1672." the dedication to this is signed by francus, with this remark, "_dissertationem medicam primitias nempe meas offerre debui_," proving him to be the author. and in numerous cases where the names of a praeses and respondent occur on the title without the word author being attached to either, the preface or dedication is signed sometimes by one and sometimes by the other, and the authorship must be attributed accordingly. but with regard to those disputations in which only the names of praeses and respondent occur on the title, we must recollect that the antithesis is not always between _them_, but between the _opponents_, whether mentioned or not, and the _author_ who responds to their strictures, the praeses being only the arbiter between them. the principal cause of our troubles in these matters is not, however, to be found so much in the separate dissertations in their original publication, as in the collected editions of them by haller and others. in these collections the name of the praeses is constantly given as author of the thesis in the heading lines of the text, even when the title, in agreement with its original publication, attaches the word _auctor_ to the name of the defendant or respondent; are we in these cases to suppose that these heading lines have really been left to the caprice of the printer, who has adopted the name of the praeses as occurring first on the title, on the principle of first come first served? in haller's collection of _disputationes chirurgicae_ contrarieties constantly occur, the exact sameness of construction in the titles being followed sometimes by the name of the praeses and sometimes by that of the defendant, on the heading lines of the text; as, for instance, in one where, though the fly-title mentions orth as the "_respondens auctor_," the dissertation is in the heading placed under the name of salzmann, the praeses. other instances of this difficulty occur in gruner's _delectus dissertationum medicarum jenensium_, in which a large number are attributed to the praeses baldinger, in a title-construction which mentions the names of the proponents as authors. in haller's _disputationes ad morborum historiam_, the regular titles are omitted, and the two names, sometimes praeses and respondent, sometimes respondent and opponent, or defendant and respondent, are given coupled by an _et_ as the authors of the dissertation, the first name, however, gaining the honour of the heading line. i give one or two instances exhibiting the confusion involved in the question. _j. v. scheid et marci mappi disputatio de duobus ossiculis in cerebro humano mulieris, 1687._ scheid's name appears as the author in the heading line, but on turning to the original edition i find _pro disputatione proposita, praeside j. v. scheid, respondente marco mappo_, and in the dedication signed by mappus it is stated by him to be his first specimen of his medical studies. in another instance of the same kind, _joh. saltzmann et e. c. honold de verme naribus excusso_, the heading line has saltzmann as the author, while in the original edition the dedication to the magistracy of his native town is signed by honold, as dedicating to them _primitias hasce academicas_, and at the end are several letters and sets of congratulatory verses on his performance. how in a bibliographical sense can scheid or saltzmann be the authors of these theses? the information they may have contributed as teachers does not constitute them authors. cases of the same kind occur in _richteri opuscula medica, studio j. c. g. ackermann, 1780_; in _trilleri opuscula_, and in _j. g. roedereri opuscula medica_, in which latter are included dissertations which are said to be _totae ab illo factae_, which yet on their titles have _quam publico eruditorum examini submittit_--dietz, winiker, hirschfeld, stein, schael, chueden, zeis, and some with the word _auctor_ prefixed to the proponent, and without the name of roederer on the title at all, which yet are said in the table of contents to be _illo non plane auctore sed suasore et moderatore enatae_. there is a series of thirteen _disputationes de recta ratione purgandi, a melchiore sebizio_, 1621, which are printed as by sebizius, but in each of the disputations the dedication is signed by the respondent, and the respondents speak of the theses as the firstfruits of their studies. there are, indeed, so many of these dissertations in which the construction of the title is the same whether a praeses is mentioned or not, and with the word auctor sometimes following the name of the defendant, sometimes that of the respondent, that there can be little doubt that one of the latter must be considered the author, in all cases where auctor does not follow the name of the praeses. when a collection of theses or dissertations is published under the name of a praeses as his _opera_, such as in the case of sebizius, richter, roederer, and others, it is merely in a secondary sense from his having contributed opinions and corrections to them; and may there not also, in this publication of sets of theses under the name of the praeses as his works, be some little display of bibliopolic art, as insuring a better sale if the name of an important professor of the place be attached to them than with those of yet obscure students bringing forth their first displays of knowledge before the academic world? and though i feel great objections to their being considered as authors bibliographically speaking, yet with regard to linnaeus, thunberg, and some other swedish authors, they really seem to have had so very much to do with the composition of the theses, at the disputations on which they sat as presidents, that i feel great difficulty in comprehending them in the previous category. from these collections of dissertations it seems impossible to form any bibliographical conclusions as a basis for certainty of arrangement, but i will add from the previous statements a few suggestions which may tend towards that end:- that the proponent is always the author of a dissertation. that the defendant is always the author of a dissertation when it occurs with another name as respondent. that the term defendant is, when alone, synonymous with respondent. that when the respondent's name occurs with a praeses only, the respondent is the author except words are attached to the president's name affirming him to be the proponent, defendant, or author, or there is evidence in the preface or dedication that he claims the authorship. that the respondent when he is the author is frequently described as auctor respondens. that the opponent is never the author of a thesis. that dissertatio, disputatio, thesis, etc., are generally used synonymously, the same construction of words as to the authorship following each. and that when a collection of theses or dissertations is published under the name of a praeses as his "opera" it is merely in a secondary literary sense, viz., his having contributed opinions and corrections to the theses, or as being their editor. that the adoption of an asterisk in catalogues to denote an academical dissertation or thesis relieves us of the necessity of repeating a large amount of redundant wording to each title. it has been used successfully in the library of the royal medical and chirurgical society, and by dr. billings in his most valuable _index-catalogue of the library of the surgeon-general's office, united states_. headings other than author headings. reports of trials are frequently difficult to catalogue, and some persons who are anxious to find an author for a book have considered the reporter as such. this i consider a hopeless mistake, for the name of the reporter is little likely to be retained in the memory of the searcher, who is sure to remember the subject of the trial. mr. cutter's remark upon this point is very just. he says: "it may be doubted ... whether a stenographic reporter is entitled to be considered an author any more than a type-setter." the british museum rule is as follows:- "xxxvii. reports of civil actions to be catalogued under the name of that party to the suit which stands first upon the title-page. "in criminal proceedings the name of the defendant to be adopted as a heading. "trials relating to any vessel to be entered under the name of such vessel." mr. cutter adopts this rule, but he simplifies the wording. his rule is:- "48. trials may be entered only under the name of the defendant in a criminal suit and the plaintiff in a civil suit, and trials relating to vessels under the name of the vessel." the treatment of catalogues in a catalogue has given rise to a considerable amount of difference of opinion. the british museum rules on this subject appear to meet the difficulties clearly and well. "lxxxv. anonymous catalogues, whether bearing the title 'catalogue' or any other intended to convey the same meaning, to be entered under the head 'catalogues,' subdivided as follows:- "1st. catalogues of public establishments (including those of societies, although not strictly speaking _public_). 2nd. catalogues of private collections, drawn up either for sale or otherwise. 3rd. catalogues of collections not for sale, the possessors of which are not known. 4th. general as well as special catalogues of objects without any reference to their possessor. 5th. dealers' catalogues. 6th. sale catalogues not included in any of the preceding sections." in the foregoing rule the word "anonymous" would, i think, be better omitted. it seems absurd to omit under the heading such catalogues as may happen to have the name of the compiler on the title-page. he is in no proper sense the author. of course there are some books in which the word "catalogue" is used that should come under the names of the authors. this rule applies only to catalogues of particular collections, and not to such books as _catalogue of works of velasquez in the galleries of europe_, which should be placed under the name of its compiler, who is as much its author as he is of _the life of velasquez_. the cambridge rule is as follows:- "catalogues of all descriptions to be entered under the superior heading catalogue, to be followed, in the case of all other articles than books, by the word or phrase (used in the title) which expresses what they are, printed in italics. the word catalogue standing alone, to be used for catalogues of books, whether of private libraries, booksellers, or auctions. in the case of institutions, the name of the town and institution to be subjoined in italics to the word 'catalogue' in the superior heading. in the title which follows the superior heading, preference to be given to the owner rather than the compiler, in choosing a leading word for the entry." the library association rule is:- "catalogues are to be entered under the name of the institution, or owner of the collection, with a cross-reference from the compiler." mr. cutter is opposed to the plan adopted in the above rules. he says:- "8. booksellers and auctioneers are to be considered as the authors of their catalogues unless the contrary is expressly asserted. entering these only under the form-heading catalogues belongs to the dark ages of cataloguing. put the catalogue of a library under the library's name." i cannot understand why a system of arranging catalogues under a general heading, where they are most likely to be sought for, should be stigmatized as belonging to the dark ages. it is impossible to imagine a worse heading for an auction catalogue than the name of the auctioneer. his name is seldom quoted, and more often forgotten. by this rule, unless a special exception is introduced, the heber catalogue would be separated under the names of evans, sotheby, and wheatley. it is necessary to bear in mind that catalogues are not really books, and to make them follow rules adapted for true books is only confusing, and leads to no useful end. one great advantage of bringing them under the heading of "catalogues" is that they can be tabulated and the titles condensed. it becomes needless to repeat such formulae as "to be sold by auction," or "forming the stock of," etc. the title of a true book is an individual entity, the outcome of an author's mind; but this is not the case with a catalogue. its title, like that of a journal or publication of a society, is formed upon a system. it will be seen that the cambridge rule improves upon that of the british museum in respect to arrangement. by the latter, catalogues of books, coins, estates, and botanical specimens are mixed up together. these should each be arranged separately. concordances are usually placed under the headings of the works to which they relate. the compiler of a concordance must not, however, be overlooked, and it is necessary to make a reference to his name. in some instances, such as cruden's _concordance_, the user of the catalogue is more likely to look under "cruden" than under "bible." all the best authorities group together under the heading of bible the old and new testaments and their separate parts. also commentaries, etc. another important heading is that of _liturgies_, which is likely to be extensive in a large public library. it requires the special arrangement of an expert, but the british museum and the cambridge university rules deal with this subject. there is some difficulty in choosing the proper heading for certain reports of voyages. sometimes these are written by an author whose name occurs on the title-page. in these instances the book is naturally catalogued under its author's name, and it is only necessary to make a reference under the name of the vessel. but there is another class of voyages more elaborate in their arrangement, which either are anonymous or have many authors. there is usually an account of the voyage, and then a series of volumes devoted to zoology, botany, etc. sometimes these voyages are catalogued under the name of the commander as dumont d'urville for _voyage autour du monde de la corvette l'astrolabe_; but it is in every way more convenient to use the name of the vessel as a heading, and bring all the different divisions under it, as _astrolabe_, _challenger_, etc. anonymous and pseudonymous works. we now come to consider the large question of the treatment of anonymous books. i read a paper on this subject at the conference of librarians, and i venture to transfer to these pages the substance of that paper with some further remarks. before entering into the discussion i wish to protest against the use of the term "anonym," which appears to me to be formed upon a false analogy. it may be a convenient word, but it is incorrect. a pseudonym is an entity--a false name under cover of which an author chooses to write; but an anonymous book has a title from which an important something is omitted, viz., the author's name. you cannot express a negation such as this by a distinctive term like "anonym." i am sorry to see that the term has found a place in the philological society's _new english dictionary_ (murray), although it is stated to be of rare occurrence in this sense. in dealing with the titles of anonymous books, it is necessary, in the first place, to agree upon the definition of an anonymous book. barbier, who published the first edition of his useful _dictionnaire des ouvrages anonymes et pseudonymes_ in 1806, gives the following: "on appelle ouvrage anonyme celui sur le frontispice duquel l'auteur n'est pas nomme." mr. cutter gives the same definition, and adds: "strictly, a book is not anonymous if the author's name appears anywhere in it, but it is safest to treat it as anonymous if the author's name does not appear in the title." the bodleian rule (16) also is:--"if the name of a writer occur in a work, but not on the title-page, the work is also to be regarded for the purpose of headings as anonymous, except in the case of works without separate title-page." barbier, however, in the second edition of his book (1822), was forced by the vastness of his materials to adopt a more rigid rule. the best definition of an anonymous work would probably take something of this form: a book printed without the author's name, either in the title or in the preliminary matter. according to the british museum rule, a book which has been published without the author's name always remains anonymous, even after the author is well known and the book has been republished with the name on the title-page. by this means you have the same book in two places. for instance, the anonymous editions of _waverley_ are catalogued under "waverley," and the others under "scott." but for cataloguing purposes a book surely ceases to be anonymous when the author's name is known. we ought never to lose sight of the main object of a catalogue, which is to help the consulter, and not to present him with a series of bibliographical riddles. if we settle that all anonymous works shall be entered under the authors' names when known, the question has still to be answered, what is to be done with those which remain unknown? some cataloguers have objected to the insertion of subject-headings in the same alphabet with authors' names, and in the old catalogue of the royal society library the plan was adopted of placing all anonymous titles under the useless heading of "anonymous." the british museum rule 38 directs that in the case of all anonymous books not arranged under proper names according to previous rules, the first substantive in the title (or if there be no substantive, the first word) shall be selected as the heading. "a substantive adjectively used, to be taken in conjunction with its following substantive as forming one word, and the same to be done with respect to adjectives incorporated with their following substantive." the great objection to this rule is that an important word in a title may throw very little light upon the subject of the book. mr. cutter's rule is: "make a first-word entry for all anonymous works except anonymous biographies, which are to be entered under the name of the subject of the life." when this rule is applied, the majority of books will be placed under headings for which no one is likely to seek, so that many cross-references will be necessary. for instance, _a true and exact account of the scarlet gowns_ is entered under "true," which we may safely say would be the last word looked for. it is these redundant words of a title-page that are pretty sure to escape the memory. all the rules that i have seen relating to anonymous books appear to me to be based upon a fundamental confusion of the essential differences between a catalogue and a bibliography. when barbier compiled his valuable work, he adopted the simple plan of arranging each title under the first word not an article, which works admirably, because the consulter has the book whose author he seeks in his hand. in the case of a catalogue it is quite different, for the consulter has not the book before him, and wishes to find it from the leading idea of the title, which is probably all he remembers. the rule i would propose is, to take as a heading the word which best explains the objects of the author, in whatever part of the title it may be. the objection that may be raised to this is that it is not rigid enough; but the cataloguer should be allowed a certain latitude, and it is well that the maker of the catalogue should try to place himself in the position of the user of it in these cases.[22] the bodleian rule (16) is good:--"under the first striking word or words of the titles of anonymous works with a second heading or cross reference, when advisable under or from any other noticeable word or catch-title." the evidence before the commission of 1847-49 contains much opinion about the treatment of anonymous works in the catalogue of the british museum. the general feeling of the witnesses was adverse to the system, but sir anthony panizzi argued strongly in favour of his plan. the plan actually adopted was not to panizzi's taste, and doubtless the changes which were introduced caused some confusion. the commissioners reported on this subject as follows:- "to another instance in which mr. panizzi's opinion was overruled by that of the trustees he attributes much avoidable delay and expense; we allude to the 33rd and seven following rules, which govern the process of cataloguing anonymous works. it will appear from the evidence, that some of our principal witnesses are at issue on questions involved in the consideration of this subject. it seems clear enough that no one rule can be adopted which will not lead to instances apparently anomalous and absurd. such authorities, however, as mr. maitland and professor de morgan, are nevertheless of opinion, that some one rule should be devised and strictly observed, while mr. collier and others are of opinion that free scope may be left to the discretion of the parties employed. mr. panizzi having to deal with an immense mass of works under this head, advocates the adoption and the rigid observance of a rule by which the main entries of all such works should find their places in the catalogue in alphabetical order, under the first word of the title not an article or preposition. to certain decisions of the trustees which have compelled him to depart from this rule, he attributes many defects in the work already executed, and, above all, much of that delay so loudly complained of in its progress." panizzi's arguments quite converted the commissioners, and they added to their statement of the case these words: "we recommend for the future that mr. panizzi should be released from an observance of these rules, and directed to proceed, with regard to anonymous works, upon such system as under present circumstances may appear to him best calculated to reconcile the acceleration of the work with its satisfactory execution." mr. parry in his evidence made some remarks on this subject. he said:--"if mr. panizzi's plan, with respect to anonymous works, had been adopted, it would have given great facility to the compilation of the catalogue; his plan was the plan of audiffredi, in the catalogue of the casanate library at rome, and the plan followed by barbier in his _dictionnaire des anonymes_;[23] that plan was taking the first word, not an article or preposition, or, as it might be modified, the first substantive, for the heading of the title. i am quite aware that the plan seems almost absurd upon the face of it. for example, supposing there was such a title as this, _the lame duck; or, a rumour from the stock exchange_, why, that would come under 'lame' or 'duck,' according to that plan; but if that plan be taken in conjunction with an index of matters, whilst it would materially facilitate the formation of a catalogue, it would cease to be objectionable. i believe one of the great hindrances being anonymous works,--there have been more difficulties and more labour about anonymous works than about any other portion of the catalogue,--the plan suggested by mr. panizzi originally, and which he would have adopted, but which the trustees objected to, taken in conjunction with the index of matters at the end, is by no means an absurd plan" (p. 469). sir frederick madden, when under examination, said: "the first point in the statement i wish to make is with reference to the cataloguing of anonymous works; that the plan adopted is founded altogether upon a mistaken notion, so much so that i should say in nine cases out of ten the books cannot be found. i cannot understand upon what principle it is that a book is to be entered by the first substantive or the first word rather than the last. it seems to me that the principle is entirely fallacious." i entirely agree with sir f. madden, and i can speak from bitter experience of the great difficulty there is in finding anonymous books in the british museum catalogue. lord mahon (afterwards earl stanhope), one of the trustees, dealt with this matter very satisfactorily in his examination. he said:- "i will take the heading 'account' as i find it in the _catalogue of the letter a_, printed in 1841. under that heading i find seventeen entries of different books, and i am of opinion with respect to all the seventeen that the heading 'account' is one of the least convenient under which they could stand. the entries are such as these:- _an account of several workhouses for employing and maintaining the poor._ london, 1725. 4to. _an account of the constitution and security of the general bank of credit._ london, 1683. 4to. _an exact account of two real dreams which happened to the same person._ london, 1725. 8vo. _an impartial account of the prophets, in a letter to a friend._ edinburgh. 4to. _an account of the proceedings in order to the discovery of the longitude._ london, 1765. 4to. it seems to me, that these works could be entered far more conveniently under the headings respectively of 'workhouses,' 'banks,' 'dreams,' 'prophets,' and 'longitude.' now, to take only the last case, the book upon the longitude, it should be considered that probably a reader would only be directed to that book through one of two channels. in the first place, he might desire, by means of the catalogue, to have an opportunity of examining all the publications that have appeared on the subject of the longitude; and if he do not find these publications collected under the heading 'longitude,' in what a labyrinth of perquisitions must he become involved![24] or, secondly, he may have seen the book in question referred to by some other writer on science. but in such a case the reference is seldom given at full length; it is far more commonly comprised in some such words as the following: 'the proceedings to discover the longitude up to 1763 are well described in an anonymous tract published in the same year;' or, 'an essay, without the author's name, published in 1763, gives a good summary of the proceedings so far towards the discovery of the longitude;' or again, 'for these facts, see the _proceedings towards the discovery of the longitude_ (london, 1763).' now with such a reference, if the book in question had been entered under 'longitude,' it would be found readily and at once; but if not, how is the inquirer to know that he should seek it under 'account' rather than under 'essay,' 'treatise,' 'dissertation,' 'remarks,' 'observations,' 'letter,' 'history,' 'narrative,' 'statement,' or any other similar heading?" (p. 812). mr. c. tomlinson referred in his evidence to the effects of rule xxxiv., by which the name of a country is adopted as a heading. he instanced the anonymous work (known, however, to have been written by john holland) entitled, _the history and description of fossil fuel; the collieries and coal trade of great britain_. he says: "this book has occasioned me a great deal of search. i looked under the head of 'coal,' i looked under 'collieries,' and i looked under 'fuel,' and it is not to be found under any of those titles, but it is found under 'great britain and ireland'" (p. 305). mr. panizzi alludes to this in his reply to criticisms. he says that under his own rule it would appear under "history," but under the system of taking the main subject it properly comes under "great britain" (p. 677). mr. john bruce objected to _l'art de verifier les dates_, _the art of cookery_, and _the art of love_ all coming under the heading of "art," and here i should agree with him; but when he proceeded to suggest that a book entitled, _is it well with you?_ should be entered under "well" because that is the emphatic word (p. 423), i think he is wrong. this is a distinctive title similar to the title of a novel, and likely to be completely quoted and to remain on the memory, and therefore the book should be entered under "is." i hope enough has been said to show that the system adopted by mr. panizzi, however clear and logical, is not a convenient one for the person who wishes to discover the title of an anonymous book in the catalogue. there seem to have been two reasons for adopting this system: first, that it was simple; and, secondly, that the other plan of putting a title under a subject-heading was confusing classification with alphabetization. lord wrottesley put this point as a question: "any other system of cataloguing anonymous works than the system which you recommend does in point of fact confound two different things, a classed catalogue and an alphabetical catalogue?" to which mr. panizzi answered, "yes." with respect to the first reason, i allow that the rule is simple, and can be rigidly followed by a staff of cataloguers, but a catalogue is not made for the convenience of the cataloguer. it is intended for the convenience of the consulter; and if the titles are placed under headings for which the consulter is not likely to look, the system signally fails in this respect. with respect to the second reason, i do not see that the only alternative to the use of the first substantive or first important word is classification. and, further, referring to the work on fossil fuel lately alluded to, is it not as much a classification to make the heading "great britain" as to make it "coal" or "fuel"? the great object should be, not to classify, but to choose as a heading the word which is likely to remain in the memory, instead of one which is as likely to escape it. to give an instance of what i mean. suppose we had to catalogue a publication issued during the course of the crimean war, entitled, _whom shall we hang?_ this i should put under "w," and not under the crimean war, because the whole of this sentence is likely to remain in the memory. again, in a foreign title, i should take the prominent word as it stands on the title, and not translate it. it is the title of the book that we have to deal with, and not the subject of it. in cataloguing a library, i think the only safe way is to keep all the anonymous titles together to the last, and then make headings for them at the same time and upon one system. errors are likely to occur if the heading is finally made when the book is first catalogued, and such errors have crept into the british museum, as maybe seen from the following extracts:- champions, seven champions of christendom. see "seven champions." seven champions of christendom. see "christendom." christendom, seven champions of. see "seven champions of." i have not noticed that much remark has been made on rule xxxii., by which "works published under initials [are] to be entered under the last of them;" but i think it is one of the most successful modes of hiding away titles under a heading least likely to be remembered. when titles are quoted pretty fully and accurately, it is seldom that the initials on a title are quoted; and if these initials are only at the end of the preface, they are never likely to be remembered. thus by placing the title in the catalogue under the initials (in whatever order they may be taken), it is buried entirely out of sight, and is practically useless. the rev. dr. biber remarked upon this point in his evidence. he said: "the remarks which i made about letter a were merely made incidentally, because, having noticed the difficulty of finding books which were catalogued under initials, i wished to satisfy myself as to what arrangement there was" (p. 577). i presume that this arrangement under initials has been found inconvenient at the british museum, because in the useful _explanation of the system of the catalogue_ i find a note as to special cross-references, which are to be made to "works under initials from whatever heading the work would have been entered under, but for the initials." we are informed, however, that "at present this has not been fully carried out." another point connected with this class of books is one of particular difficulty. i refer to the treatment of pseudonyms, which are dealt with in rules xli., xlii., and xliii.:- "xli. in the case of pseudonymous publications, the book to be catalogued under the author's feigned name; and his real name, if discovered, to be inserted in brackets, immediately after the feigned name, preceded by the letters '_i.e._' "xlii. assumed names, or names used to designate an office, profession, party, or qualification of the writer, to be treated as real names. academical names to follow the same rule. the works of an author not assuming any name, but describing himself by a circumlocution, to be considered anonymous. "xliii. works falsely attributed in their title to a particular person, to be treated as pseudonymous." there is much to be said for this arrangement under pseudonyms, but there is also much to be said against it. in the first place, an author may, and often does, take in the course of his literary life several pseudonyms, which are merely adopted for a temporary purpose, and thus the works of the same author will be spread about in several parts of the alphabet. there does not appear to be any particular advantage in separating sir walter scott's works under such headings as "jedediah cleishbotham" and "malachi malagrowther." sometimes, also, these pseudonyms are so unlike real names that they are passed by unquoted, and the same difficulty occurs as in the case of initials. when, however, an author takes a name under which he always writes, and by which he is always known, it seems scarcely worth while to put the author's works under a practically unknown name, instead of under a well-known one. this, however, does not often occur in the case of an author, although it frequently does in the case of an authoress. for instance, george eliot has written her name in literature, and is always known by that name, so that to place her works under evans or lewes or crosse is to change the known for the unknown. in a lesser degree this is the case with the novelist known as sarah tytler, whose real name is henrietta keddie. probably not one in a thousand of her readers knows this fact. mr. cutter makes some very pertinent remarks upon this point. his note to his rule 5, "enter pseudonymous works under the author's real name, when it is known, with a reference from the pseudonym," is as follows:- "one is strongly tempted to deviate from this rule in the case of writers like george eliot and george sand, gavarni and grandville, who appear in literature only under their pseudonyms. it would apparently be much more convenient to enter their works under the name by which they are known, and under which everybody but a professed cataloguer would assuredly look first. for an author-catalogue this might be the best plan, but in a dictionary catalogue we have to deal with such people not merely as writers of books, but as subjects of biographies or parties in trials, and in such cases it seems proper to use their legal names. besides, if one attempts to exempt a few noted writers from the rule given above, where is the line to be drawn? no definite principle of exception can be laid down which will guide either the cataloguer or the reader; and probably the confusion would in the end produce greater inconvenience than the present rule. moreover the entries made by using the pseudonym as a heading would often have to be altered. for a long time it would have been proper to enter the works of dickens under boz; the dutch annual bibliography uniformly use "boz-dickens" as a heading. no one would think of looking under boz now. mark twain is in a transition state. the public mind is divided between twain and clemens. the tendency is always towards the use of the real name; and that tendency will be much helped in the reading public if the real name is always preferred in catalogues. some pseudonyms persistently adopted by authors have come to be considered as the only names, as voltaire, and the translation melanchthon. perhaps george sand and george eliot will in time be adjudged to belong to the same company. it would be well if cataloguers could appoint some permanent committee with authority to decide this and similar points as from time to time they occur." if the french bibliographer had borne in mind the british museum rule, that "the works of an author not assuming any name, but describing himself by a circumlocution [are] to be considered anonymous," he would not have made this amusing entry in his catalogue: "_herself_, memoirs of a young lady by." the cambridge rules were largely founded upon those of the british museum, and many anomalies crept into the catalogue on account of the difficulties caused by the rules relating to anonymous works; but a few years before the lamented death of mr. henry bradshaw[25] these rules were considerably altered by him, and i think the statement in rules 28 and 29 as they now stand is by far the most satisfactory of any i know of:- "28. anonymous works which refer to neither person nor place, and to which none of the foregoing rules can be applied, to be catalogued under the name of the subject (whether a single word or a composite phrase) which is prominently referred to on the title-page; the primary consideration being, under what heading the book will be most easily found. when there is no special subject mentioned, and the title is a catch-title (as in the case of most novels and many pamphlets), the first word not an article to stand at the head in capitals, but not to be separated off from the title as a heading. when the indication on the title is insufficient, the heading understood to be taken, but all classification to be avoided, the words of the title being exclusively used as far as possible. works to be catalogued under general headings only where such are unavoidable. in the case of foreign titles the heading to follow the same rule, and to be in the language of the title instead of being translated. "29. when the author of a pseudonymous or anonymous work is ascertained and acknowledged after the title has been printed, the name to be added within a bracket at the end of the title; and the various titles of works thenceforward assigned to such author to be gathered under his name by means of written entries on the slips. cross-references to be printed from the pseudonymous or anonymous heading to the author's name." these remarks upon the cataloguing of anonymous works may appear to some to have run to an inordinate length, but the great importance of the subject will, i hope, be accepted by the reader as some excuse. i quite agree with the late serjeant parry when he said, during his examination before the british museum commission, that "it is comparatively easy to catalogue when the author's name appears on the title, but nothing is more difficult than cataloguing anonymous works." the title. having dealt with the subject of headings, we may now pass on to consider the treatment of the title itself. there has been much discussion on this subject: one party has been in favour of short titles, and another of long titles. much has been said in favour of single-line catalogues, and these often form very useful keys to a library; but they are perhaps more properly designated alphabetical lists than catalogues.[26] on the other side the advocates of full titles, in carrying out their views, while adding to the size of their catalogues, frequently do not add to their utility. here, as in many other things, the medium is the safest way. the least important works have usually the longest titles, and it is surely useless to copy the whole title of some trumpery pamphlet, when it may occupy ten or a dozen lines of print. here the art of the cataloguer comes into play, by which he is enabled to choose what is important and reject the redundant. with respect to standard works by classical authors, it is well to give the whole title (and these titles will seldom be found to be long). the classical author will most probably have weighed the words of his title with care, and left little that is redundant. when a title is contracted, it is well to insert dots to show that something has been left out, and if any words are added they must be placed between square brackets. it is also necessary to bear in mind the fact that a long title may be perfectly clear in the book itself, on account of the varied size of the type used. the cataloguer, however, has not these facilities of arrangement at his disposal, and in consequence it becomes difficult for the consulter to distinguish the important parts of the title from the unimportant. the following are three titles of books which are not long, and which could not be curtailed without disadvantage:- "1. pike (luke owen). a history of crime in england, illustrating the changes of the laws in the progress of civilization. written from the public records and other contemporary evidence. london, 1873. 2 vols., 8vo. "2. hunter (joseph). new illustrations of the life, studies, and writings of shakespeare; supplementary to all the editions. london, 1845. 2 vols., 8vo. "3. rickman (thomas). an attempt to discriminate the styles of architecture in england, from the conquest to the reformation, with a sketch of the grecian and roman orders; seventh edition, with considerable additions, chiefly historical, by john henry parker. oxford, 1881. 8vo." now, we may take the instance of a long title, which needs curtailment:- "the english expositor improv'd: being a complete dictionary, teaching the interpretation of the most difficult words, which are commonly made use of in our english tongue. first set forth by j. b., doctor of physick. and now carefully revised, corrected, and abundantly augmented, with a new and very large addition of very useful and significant words. by r. browne, author of the _english school reform'd_. there is also an index of common words (alphabetically set) to direct the reader or others more learned, and of the same signification with them. and likewise a short nomenclator of the most celebrated persons among the ancients; with variety of memorable things: collected out of the best of history, poetry, philosophy, and geography. the twelfth edition. london: printed for w. churchill, at the black swan in pater-noster-row. 1719. where may be had the above-mention'd spelling-book, entituled, _the english school reform'd_: being a method very exact and easy both for the teacher and learner." this long title may be reduced into the following form:- "4. b[ullokar] (j[ohn]). the english expositor improv'd: being a complete dictionary, teaching the interpretation of the most difficult words, which are commonly made use of in our english tongue.... revised, corrected, and ... augmented ... by r. browne, ... [with] an index of common words ... and ... a short nomenclator of the most celebrated persons among the ancients, with variety of memorable things.... 12th edition. london, 1719. 12mo." it may be said that all these titles are in english, and present few difficulties. i therefore add a latin title, prepared by my brother, the late mr. b. r. wheatley. the full title is as follows:- "speculum polytechnum mathematicum novum, tribus visionibus illustre quarum extat una fundamentalis aliquot numerorum danielis et apocalypseos naturae et proprietatis consignatio altera, usus hactenus incognitus instrumenti danielis speccelii, ad altitudinum, profunditatum, longitudinum, latitudinumque dimensiones, nec non planimetricas delineationes accommodatio. postrema brevis ac luculenta sexies acuminati proportionum circini quibus fructuose iste adhibeatur enarratio in omnium mathesin adamantium emolumentum prius germanice aeditum authore joanne faulhabero arithmetico et logista ulmensi ingeniosissimo posterius vero ne tanto aliae nationes defraudentur bono, latine conversum per joannem remmelinum ph. et med. doctorem impressum ulmae, typis joannis mederi m.dc.xii." this long title may be reduced into the following catalogue form:-"faulhaber (joannes). "speculum polytechnum mathematicum novum tribus visionibus ... una:... numerorum danielis et apocalypseos naturae ... consignatio; altera: usus.... instrumenti danielis speccelii, ad altitudinum [etc.] dimensiones ... accommodatio; postrema:... sexies acuminati proportionum circini ... enarratio; ... prius germanice aeditum,... latine conversum per joannem remmelinum.... ulmae, 1612. 4to." sometimes it is advisable to repeat the author's name in its proper place on the title either in full or with initials. this is the case with dilke's _papers of a critic_, which should appear in the catalogue as follows:- "6. dilke (charles wentworth). the papers of a critic. selected from the writings of the late c. w. d., with a biographical sketch by his grandson, sir charles wentworth dilke, bart., m.p. london, 1875. 2 vols., 8vo." mr. jewett, in his rules, directs that the position of the author's name on the title-page should be indicated. for scarce and curious books it is under some circumstances useful to mark the position of the lines on a title-page thus:- "7. bacon (francis) viscount st. alban. | the | essayes | or | counsels | civill and | morall | of | francis lo. verulam | viscount st. alban newly written | london | printed by john haviland for | hanna barret | 1625 | 4to." this is clearly not necessary in the case of common modern books. it is very important that all indication of edition or editor (as in no. 3) should be made clear on the catalogue slip; and if this information is not given on the title-page, but can be obtained elsewhere, it should be added to the catalogue slip, but between square brackets. many books have two title-pages, an engraved one and a printed one, and these frequently differ in the wording. in these cases the printed title-page is the one to be followed. sometimes a second title-page will occur in the middle of a book, and the cataloguer must be careful not to make two books out of one. when the contents of this second title-page are noted on the first title-page, it is not necessary to refer to it specially, unless a collation is given. if, however, this second title-page contain additional matter, it should be catalogued and added on the slip, but within parentheses, thus (), to show that it is added, and that it is not made up by the cataloguer, which would be understood if it were placed between square brackets, thus []. sometimes a title-page not only gives no real indication of the contents of a book, but is positively misleading. in such a case the cataloguer will do well to give some indication of the true contents, either in a note or as an addition to the title within brackets. both mr. cutter and professor otis robinson refer, in the _special report on public libraries in the united states_, to the difficulties caused by these misleading titles. professor robinson gives some amusing instances of modern clap-trap titles which may well be added to disraeli's _curiosities of literature_. "mr. parker writes a series of biographical sketches, and calls it _morning stars of the new world_. somebody prepares seven religious essays, binds them up in a book, and calls it _seven stormy sundays_.... an editor, at intervals of business, indulges his true poetic taste for the pleasure of his friends, or the entertainment of an occasional audience. then his book appears, entitled, not _miscellaneous poems_, but _asleep in the sanctum_, by a. a. hopkins. sometimes, not satisfied with one enigma, another is added. here we have _the great iron wheel; or, republicanism backwards and christianity reversed_, by j. r. graves." in cataloguing books it is very important to turn carefully over the leaves to see that a second book, which may have been bound up in the volume, is not overlooked. it was a frequent practice at one time to bind up thin books with thicker ones, to save the expense of binding; and very frequently these thin additions are overlooked altogether, and never catalogued. place of publication. when we have finished with the title proper, we come to consider the imprint, the date, and the size. these are most commonly arranged thus, volumes, size, place, date; and this is the best order if this information is tabulated; but when it remains as a part of the title, it is better to place the volumes and size at the end, because this is added information not found in the title-page. the name of the place of publication[27] should be given exactly as it occurs on the title-page, and in old and rare books the name of the printer or publisher may be added with advantage; not necessarily full as it appears there, but shortened and placed between parentheses. sometimes several places are named on a title-page, but in these cases it is not necessary to notice more than the first. dates. the dates, which usually occur in roman numerals on the title-pages of books, should be printed in the catalogue with arabic numerals, except in case of very rare books, where it is thought expedient to copy the original title-page exactly. every one knows the numerical power of the letters, and that m stands for 1,000, d = 500, c = 100, l = 50, x = 10, v, u, = 5, i = 1; but the old printers were fond of playing tricks with the letters, and they allowed themselves much latitude in the practice of reducing the numerical power of one letter by placing another before it. we are used to this in iv and ix; but the following dates, copied from books, show how varied were the arrangements formerly made use of:-miid. = 1498, mid. = 1499, mcdxcix. = 1499, mdxxcv. = 1585, mdic. = 1599, mdcviv. = 1609, miidcc. = 1698. in one book mvicxxi. was made to stand for 1621; but in this case the printer must have lacked a d, and replaced it by vi. in old books the m's and the d's are frequently built up thus, ci<c, i<c. the date is one of the most important portions of a title, and the cataloguer must seek for it until he finds it. sometimes it is to be found at the end of the preface or dedication, and sometimes it is on the title-page as a chronogram. mr. james hilton for years has searched over europe for chronograms, and he has been highly successful in his search, as is evidenced by his two handsome volumes, _chronograms, 5,000 and more in number_ (1882), and _chronograms continued and concluded_ (1885). the following specimens are from mr. hilton's books:- "anagrammata regia in honorem maximi mansuetissimi regis caroli conscripta." imprint:- "londini regio privilegio exaratvm = 1626." on the last page is:- "extant ista in aedibvs gvlielmi stansbie = 1626" a curious little book (a chronographic imitation of thomas a kempis) is filled with chronograms, and contains two on the title-page:- "de spiritali imitatione christi [1658] admonitiones sacrae et vtiles [1658] piis in lvcem datae [1658]." "a r.p. antonio vanden stock societatis jesu. ruraemundae apud gasparem du pree." on the frontispiece is another chronogram:- "christo adhaerens non ambvlat in tenebris." mr. hilton has succeeded in finding several additions to the small store of chronograms in english, and has produced some new ones. on the back of the title-page of the first book is this inscription:- "an excellent nevv book of chronograms gathered together & novv set forth by i. hilton, f.s.a. = 1882." on the second book:- "another qvite nevv book of right excellent chronograms issved by i. hilton, f.s.a." = 1885. more difficult than chronograms are greek dates, because each letter in greek has a numerical value, and the numbers do not follow in an uninterrupted series, because certain additional figures are introduced. it is therefore often necessary in cataloguing greek books to refer to a table such as the following:- [greek: a a'] 1 [greek: i i'] 10 [greek: r r'] 100 [greek: b b'] 2 [greek: k k'] 20 [greek: s s'] 200 [greek: g g'] 3 [greek: l l'] 30 [greek: t t'] 300 [greek: d d'] 4 [greek: m m'] 40 [greek: u u'] 400 [greek: e e'] 5 [greek: n n'] 50 [greek: ph ph'] 500 [stigma]' 6 [greek: x x'] 60 [greek: ch ch'] 600 [greek: z z'] 7 [greek: o o'] 70 [greek: ps ps'] 700 [greek: e e'] 8 [greek: p p'] 80 [greek: o o'] 800 [greek: th th'] 9 [qoppa qoppa'] 90 [sampi] 900 it will be noticed that the top letters of each series spell "[greek: air]," which can be borne in mind. the irregularities in the series are final [stigma]' for six, and the invented letters, for 90 and 900. the same series of letters, with the accent beneath instead of above, are used for thousands, as- [greek: a'] = 1 [greek: i'] = 10 [greek: r'] = 100 [greek: a,] = 1,000 [greek: i,] = 10,000 [greek: r,] = 100,000 there is considerable difficulty in dating books published in france between september 1792, when the french revolutionary calendar was introduced, and december 1805, when the gregorian mode of calculation was restored by napoleon, because the revolutionary year began with the autumn. it is impossible therefore, as the months are not usually given in the imprints of books, to tell whether a book dated _an._ 1 was published in 1792 or 1793. it is usual, however, to reckon from 1792, and to count _an._ 8, for instance, as 1800, by which means an approximate date is obtained. size-notation. when we come to the last piece of description on our catalogue slip, we experience considerable difficulty in certain cases. the statement of the case of size-notation, which has caused so much discussion, and given rise to so many schemes, is so well put by the late mr. winter jones, in his inaugural address at the conference of librarians held in london, october 1877, that i shall transfer it to these pages:- "one of these points is the designation of the sizes of books. as regards modern books, the folding of the sheets of paper is generally received as the guide, but it is not a guide which speaks to the eye. some duodecimos may be larger than some octavos, and some octavos may be larger than some folios, to say nothing of the uncertainty of the quartos. when we come to ancient books the matter is still worse. the early printers did not use large sheets of paper and fold them twice or more to form quartos, octavos, etc., but merely folded their paper once, thus making what is now understood by the terms folios or quartos, according to the size of the sheet of paper. three or more of these sheets were laid one within another, and formed gatherings or quires, each sheet after the first in each gathering being called an inlay.[28] this printing by gatherings was adopted for the convenience of binding. the consequence of this practice would be that the printer would either print one page at a time or two, but no more. if two, he would have to divide the matter to be printed into portions sufficient for eight, twelve, sixteen, or twenty pages, according to the number of inlays in each gathering, and then print, say the first and twelfth, then the second and the eleventh, and so on; and the result of this practice is occasionally seen in an inequality in the length of the pages, particularly in the centre inlay, which would be printed last, and would therefore have either too much or too little matter if the calculation of the quantity necessary for each page had not been exact. it has been suggested that the difficulty might be met by adopting the size of the printed page as the guide, but such a guide would certainly be fallacious. it would not indicate the size of the volume; it would not allow for the many cases of 'oceans of margins and rivers of text;' it would not speak to the eye without opening the book. the better plan would appear to be to adopt, to a certain extent, the system used by bookbinders. as they regulate their charges according to the size of the millboard required for binding their book, their scale is independent of the folding of the printed sheet. it contains twenty-nine divisions or designations of different sizes, of which twenty-six represent modifications of the five sizes of folio, 4to, 8vo, 12mo, and 18mo, a striking proof of the uncertainty of the sizes supposed to be indicated by these five terms. i speak, of course, of the measure used by english bookbinders. it would certainly be advisable that some rule should be laid down, which might apply to all countries, by which the general sizes of books might be designated, and minute subdivisions be avoided. why should we designate sizes by paper marks, and talk of pot quartos and foolscap octavos? the pot and the foolscap are things of the past. it would surely be better to adopt some such rule as the following: to designate as 12mo all books not exceeding seven inches in height; as 8vo all those above seven and not exceeding ten inches in height; as 4to those above ten and not exceeding twelve inches in height; and as folio all above twelve inches. the folios might be further described, according to the fact, as _large_ or _super_, in order to avoid the various subdivisions of crown, copy, demy, medium, royal, imperial, elephant, and columbier folio." at the exhibition of library appliances in connection with the london conference, mr. f. weaklin submitted seven diagrams of eighty-two sizes given to books, from imperial 4to to demy 48mo, and the matter had already been under special consideration in the united states. mr. jewett suggested that after the description 8vo, 4to, etc., the exact height and width in inches and tenths of inches should be added between brackets. he measured print; but, as pointed out by mr. winter jones in the above quotation, this measurement overlooks one of the most important points in respect to the character and value of a book, viz., the size of the margin. when the late sir william stirling maxwell wished to adopt mr. jewett's suggestion, i recommended that the width and height of the actual page should be measured, and this was done in _an essay towards a collection of books relating to proverbs, emblems, apophthegms, epitaphs, and ana, being a catalogue of those at keir_ (1860), which i edited for him. this system of measurement is not needed in a small library, where the ordinary nomenclature is sufficient. the real difficulty underlying the whole subject was pointed out by mr. bradshaw in his paper at the cambridge meeting of the library association, "a word on size notation as distinguished from form notation." he there states two facts often overlooked: "(1) that the terms folio, quarto, octavo, etc., represent strictly not size-notation, but form-notation; and (2) that the modern methods of making paper and of printing books combine to render any accurate application of form-notation to such books not so much difficult as impossible. the logical conclusion from these two facts is, of course, that the form-notation expressed by the terms folio, quarto, octavo, etc., should be given up in the case of modern books, to which it is wholly inapplicable; and that a size-notation which does represent an undoubted fact, should be adopted in its place. this logical conclusion was seen, accepted, and acted upon at cambridge in the year 1854; and i confess that it is difficult to resist the conviction that this principle must sooner or later be accepted by others, though there will no doubt be differences of opinion as to the most advisable form of notation to adopt. a librarian cannot afford to be eccentric in this matter; whatever method is adopted, it must be adopted by all the great libraries, and it must commend itself to the general reader. now i feel sure that i shall not be taxed with dogmatism or with any predilection for some crotchet of my own devising, if i say that the complicated and artificial systems recommended by the committee and others, are such as cannot possibly become familiar, even if they become intelligible, to the general run of readers. in the old cambridge size-notation of london 1856, 8 x 5 meaning eight inches high by five inches across, the second number denoting the breadth very soon fell out of use, except in writing, and for years we always spoke of books as eights, sevens, sixes, etc., meaning that they were eight, seven, or six inches high." to this passage is added the following note:- "the practice in use with us has been to measure the height of the book from the top to the bottom of the page, disregarding the cover. we compute inches as we compute a man's age; a book is eight inches until it is nine inches, only, seeing that bound books are so often cut not quite square, anything short of the number used in the size-notation by the eighth of an inch or less, we call by that number for ordinary purposes. i have said above that in our general library catalogue we have reverted to the common form-notation, 8vo, 12mo, etc., but pure size-notation is still retained in other departments, while in trinity college library it has never been given up since it was first adopted in 1856 or thereabouts." the committee referred to by mr. bradshaw was the size-notation committee of the library association, of which my brother, the late mr. b. r. wheatley, was a member. he took great interest in this subject, and drew up a scale of sizes which might be marked upon an ordinary two-foot rule. he was anxious that "a system should be adopted based on the well-known terms hitherto employed of folio, 4to, 8vo, 12mo, etc., and their qualifying varieties of imperial, royal, etc., with an approximate height and width in inches affixed to each size." i think that mr. bradshaw's argument is convincing against making any arbitrary rule of this kind, and affixing a definite size to every variety of form-designation. but at the same time we must remember that the form-notation has very largely been used for a size-notation, and that bibliographers alone cannot make this change, because publishers, booksellers, and bookbinders all use the notation as well as cataloguers. after all i cannot help thinking that the difficulty has been very greatly exaggerated. folio and quarto are almost entirely used as terms of form-notation, and they are usually found sufficient except in the case of atlas or elephant folios, which seem to require some distinguishing designation. nowadays a large number of library books are in what is called demy octavo. this i would distinguish as octavo, and all below that size i would call small octavos, and all above large octavos. very few modern books are styled duodecimos; therefore that form will not give the cataloguer much trouble. it is clearly useless for the latter to distinguish books by such meaningless terms as foolscap octavo, post octavo, etc., like the publisher. of course there is the difference in size between old and new books. the ordinary octavo of the old books is a smaller size than the modern octavo, but this will be settled by the date, and among the old books there will be no difficulty in finding duodecimos. mr. nicholson has entered very fully into this question of size-notation in his bodleian rules, where he gives two tables as guides for correct description. rule 57 is: "the size of a book printed on water-marked paper is to be described in accordance with table i., on unwater-marked paper with table ii." collation. in most catalogues the note of the size will finish the entry, but it is a very useful addition when the number of pages of all books in single volumes is given. sometimes the pages of the book itself only are noted without reference to the preliminary matter, and sometimes the roman numerals are added on to the arabic numerals and given as one total; but this latter practice is not to be commended. the best plan is to set down the pages thus--pp. xv, 421 (some put this pp. xv + 421, but the plus sign is not necessary); or if the preliminary matter is not paged, thus--half-title, title, five preliminary leaves, pp. 467. in the case of very rare and valuable works, a full collation becomes necessary, and such collation should be drawn up according to the plan accepted among bibliographers, which can be seen in the standard bibliographies of early printed books, and such a model bibliography as upcott's _bibliographical account of the principal works relating to english topography_ (3 vols., 8vo, 1818). even when it is not thought necessary to give a collation, it will be well to notice if a book contains a portrait, or plates. [decoration] footnotes: [21] _quarterly review_, vol. lxxii., p. 8. [22] "on the alphabetical arrangement of the titles of anonymous books" (_transactions and proceedings of the conference of librarians_, 1877, pp. 97-9). [23] referring to my remarks on the use of the word "anonym," i may point out that this is not the correct title of barbier's work. he used _anonymes_ as an adjective (_ouvrages anonymes_), and not as a substantive. [24] this point weakens lord mahon's arguments, because the same objection would apply to all the books with authors' names. [25] i had the privilege of talking over these rules with mr. bradshaw for many consecutive days, when i inspected the university library in 1878. [26] for useful notes on short titles and booksellers' catalogues, mr. charles f. blackburn's amusing _hints on catalogue titles and on index entries_ (1884) may be consulted. [27] the names of places as they appear in a latin form are frequently much disguised. a list of some of the most common of these names will be found in the appendix. [28] it was this practice which confused a correspondent of the _athenaeum_, who published his discovery that the first folio of shakespeare was not a folio at all. [decoration] chapter v. references and subject index. i suppose it may be conceded that in the abstract the most useful kind of catalogue is that which contains the titles and subject references in one alphabet; but in the particular case of a large library this system is not so convenient, because the subject references unnecessarily swell the size of the catalogue, and by their frequency confuse the title entries. for instance, it is something appalling to conjecture what would be the size of the british museum catalogue if subject references were included in the general alphabet. in the case of a large library it will be more convenient to have an index of subjects forming a separate alphabet by itself, and this cannot be made until the catalogue of authors is completed. taking a somewhat arbitrary limit, it may be said that in libraries containing more than ten thousand volumes it will be found more useful to have a distinct index of subjects, while in catalogues of libraries below that number it will generally be advisable to include the subject references with the titles in one general alphabet. if all the subject references are reserved for an index, there will still remain a large number of references in the general alphabet which are required for the proper use of the catalogue; and here it may be well to say something as to the nomenclature of references. mr. cutter, in the valuable series of definitions prefixed to his _rules for a dictionary catalogue_, has the following:- "_reference_, partial registry of a book (omitting the imprint) under author, title, subject, or kind, referring to a more full entry under some other heading; occasionally used to denote merely entries without imprints, in which the reference is implied. the distinction of entry and reference is almost without meaning for short, as a title-a-liner saves nothing by referring unless there are several references. "_analytical reference_, or simply an analytical registry of some part of a book or of some work contained in a collection, referring to the heading under which the book or collection is entered. "_cross reference_, reference from one subject to another. "_heading reference_, from one form of a heading to another. "_first-word reference_, _catch-word reference_, _subject-word reference_, same as first-word entry, omitting the imprint and referring." these definitions are important, and it would be well if the distinction here made as to what a cross-reference really is were borne in mind. it has become the practice among bibliographers to describe all references as cross-references. this is the case in the british museum rules:- "lv. cross-references to be divided into three classes, from name to name, from name to work, and from work to work. those of the first class to contain merely the name, title, or office of the person referred to as entered; those of the second, so much of the title referred to besides as, together with the size and date, may give the means of at once identifying, under its heading, the book referred to; those of the third class to contain moreover so much of the title referred from, as may be necessary to ascertain the object of the reference." the public often cause a still further confusion in words, for they cry out for the shelf-marks to be placed to references. if this be done, they no longer remain references, but become double entries. there are many disadvantages in this plan of putting press-marks to references, but it is adopted at the british museum, and it certainly is annoying to have to run from one end of a many-volumed catalogue to another. in mr. nichols's _handbook for readers_ it is said (p. 42) that "a work is never entered at full length more than once and it is only from the main entry that the book-ticket must be made out." but if the press-marks are added to the references, one would imagine that they are intended to be used, and it is scarcely to be expected that any one will take the trouble to refer to another place when he has sufficient information under his eyes. catalogue work is different from index work, where the entries may be duplicated without inconvenience; but in the case of books, if all the references have press-marks, there is considerable danger of confusion whenever the position of a book is changed. the main entries will be corrected, but some of the references will almost certainly be overlooked. if the books are never moved, there is no great harm in putting press-marks to the references. it must, i think, be conceded that when the references are so long as they often are in the british museum catalogue, and as seems to be contemplated by mr. cutter's remark quoted above, they are really duplicate or subsidiary entries rather than references. there is no real necessity to copy any part of the titles in the great majority of references. take, for instance, the following two modes of referring from the subject of a biography to the authors:- shakespeare: ---and his contemporaries. nares. 1822. 4to. 27342 ---and his times. drake. 1817. 2 vols. 4to. 7212 ---biography. de quincey. vol. xv. 8vo. 1808 ------knight. 1842. 8vo. 13296 ---biographical memoir. 1825. 8vo. 21294 ---history of. fullom. 1864. 8vo. 29492 ---illustrations of his life. halliwell. 1874. 4to. 47851 ---life. chalmers. german trans. leipzig. 8vo. 35270 ------halliwell. 1848. 8vo. 10430 ------skottowe. 1824. 2 vols. 8vo. 21673 these entries are taken from a large heading, and do not come together as they do here. by following the wording of the title in this way you do not get a true index. for instance, under this same main heading of shakespeare we have in different parts of the sub-alphabet:- illustrated. lennox. 1753-4. 3 vols. 12mo. 13861 life. skottowe. 1824. 2 vols. 8vo. 21673 plots. simrock. 1850. 8vo. 21617 all these books are on the plots, and should come together. at present anyone looking at the entry would suppose that there was only one book on the plots of the plays in the library. another way of making the references may be set out thus:- shakespeare: life: _chalmers_, _de quincey_, _fullom_ (1864), _halliwell_ (1848), _knight_ (1842), _skottowe_ (1824). ---s. and his contemporaries: _nares_ (1822). ---s. and his times: _drake_ (1817). plots of his plays: _lennox_ (1753), _simrock_ (1850), _skottowe_ (1824). not only does the second plan take up less space, but it is also the more convenient, as giving the required information in the clearest manner. all references should be in english,[29] and the subject of the book should be used for the reference rather than the often periphrastic form of the title. thus, in making a subject reference for the following book:- mudie (robert). the feathered tribes of the british islands. 1834. 2 vols. --the reference must be from "birds" or "ornithology," as it will be useless to refer from "feathered tribes." no reference should be made to a title which does not indicate the information sought for. thus, if a work contains an account of some subject which is not specified on the title, this must not be referred to unless a note is added to the title to show that the book does contain this information. sometimes one reference will be sufficient for a group of titles. thus, in referring from one form of an author's name to another, it is not necessary to repeat the titles under that author's name even in the shortest manner. it is not well in subject references included in an alphabetical catalogue or in an alphabetical index of subjects to classify at all. thus _gold_ should be under _g_, and _silver_ under _s_; and at the end of the heading of metals or metallurgy such cross-references as these can be added: "see also _gold_, _silver_." it is not easy to calculate the average number of references to a given number of chief entries. if we exclude subject references, it may be roughly put at about a third. if subject references are included, it will be about two to one, or twice as many references as titles. many titles will only require one reference, but others will help to turn the balance,--as, for instance, the following, which will require ten references:- the life of haydn, in a series of letters written at vienna [originally written in italian by g. carpani], followed by the life of mozart [by a. h. f. von slichtegroll], with observations on metastasio, and on the present state of music in france and italy. translated from the french of l. a. c. bombet, with notes by the author of the sacred melodies [w. gardiner]. london, 1817. 8vo. in the first place, bombet is a pseudonym for henri beyle; therefore, according to the rule adopted in the catalogue, there must be a different reference. if the title is placed under beyle, then there must be a reference from bombet; and if under the pseudonym, there must be a reference from beyle. there must be references from haydn, mozart, and metastasio, from slichtegroll, carpani, and gardiner, from music, and possibly from france and italy. the specimen page here given will show how a subject index may be incorporated in one alphabet with an author's catalogue:- ================================================================== | case. | shelf.| | size. | date. | |-------+-------+--------------------------------+-------+-------| | ii | 2 | shuttleworth (philip n.). | | | | | | the consistency of the | | | | | | whole scheme of revelation | | | | | | with itself and with | | | | | | human reason. | | | | | | london. | 12mo | 1832 | | ll | 3 | -paraphrastic translation | | | | | | of the apostolical epistles, | | | | | | with notes. | | | | | | london. | 8vo | 1840 | | | | | | | | | | siberia | | | | | | travels: _dobell_ (1830) | | | | | | | | | | | | sicily | | | | | | travels, etc.: _brydone_ | | | | | | (1790), _hoare_ (1819), | | | | | | _swinburne_ (1783), _smyth_ | | | | | | (1824) | | | | | | | | | | | | -volcanoes of: _hamilton_ | | | | | | (1772) | | | | | | | | | | | | -vestiges of ancient manners:| | | | | | _blunt_ (1823) | | | | | | | | | | | | sidmouth (viscount) life: | | | | | | _pellew_ (1847) | | | | | | | | | it will be noticed that in the case of references the word _see_ is omitted. if the names to be referred to, which follow a colon, are printed in italic, or, in the case of a manuscript catalogue, are underscored with red ink, they will be clearly distinguishable without the word _see_, and a wearisome repetition will be avoided. in the case of cross-references at the end to some other heading [see also], it will be more convenient to use the word than to omit it. panizzi was an advocate for a subject index, or "index of matters," as he called it,[30] but he did not venture to recommend such a work officially to the trustees.[31] he was fully examined on this subject before the commission in 1849, and he referred to a memorandum which he had submitted to the council of the royal society when employed upon their catalogue. he there writes:- "a catalogue of a library is intended principally to give an accurate inventory of the books which it comprises; and is in general consulted either to ascertain whether a particular book is in the collection, or to find what works it contains on a given subject. to obtain these ends, classed catalogues have been compiled, in which the works are systematically arranged according to their subjects. many distinguished individuals in different countries have drawn up catalogues of this description, but no two of them have agreed on the same plan of classification; and even those who have confessedly followed the system of another person have fancied it necessary to depart in some particulars from their model.... those who want either to consult a book, of which they only know the subject, or to find what books on a particular subject are in the library, can obtain this information (as far as it can be collected from a title-page, which is all that can be expected in a catalogue) more easily from an index of matters to an alphabetical catalogue than by any other means. here also nothing is left to discretion as far as concerns order. entries, being short cross-references, are in a great measure avoided; and repetitions, far from being inconvenient, will save the time and trouble of looking in more places than one in order to find what is wanted.... the plan which is proposed was adopted by dr. watt in his _bibliotheca britannica_, the usefulness of which work must be acknowledged by every one conversant with bibliography. that it would not be so useful had any systematical arrangement been followed seems undeniable. the vast plan of the _bibliotheca britannica_, however, did not allow its author to give, either to the titles of the books or to the index, that extent which ought to be given to both in the catalogue of the library of the royal society" (_minutes of evidence_, p. 704). although here panizzi makes the sound remark that the information to be expected in a catalogue is that which is found in the title-page, he had previously expressed a considerably more comprehensive opinion. he wrote:- "the catalogue of a library like that of the royal society should be as complete as possible; that is, it should give all the information requisite concerning any book which may be the object of inquiry. whether a work be printed separately, or in a collection--whether it extend to the greater part of a folio volume, or occupy only part of a single leaf--no distinction should be made; the title of each should be separately entered. hence every one of the _memoirs_ or papers in the acts of academies; every one of the articles in scientific journals or collections, whatever they may be, should have its separate place in the catalogue. thus, for instance, all the letters in hanschius' collection should be entered in their proper places under the writers' names. it is only by carrying this principle to the fullest extent that a catalogue can be called complete, and a library, more particularly of books relating to science, made as useful as it is capable of being. this, however, would make a great difference in the expense, and take considerable time." a little consideration will show that such an extensive principle of action could not be practically carried out, and we may well ask whether it would be advisable to adopt such a plan even if it could be carried out. we regret the waste of labour spent in cataloguing the same book over and over again, but how much greater would be the waste of labour and money if the managers of every library which contained the _philosophical magazine_ thought it necessary to include the whole contents of that periodical in its catalogue! the labour of cataloguing these series is the work of bibliographers, and such valuable books of reference as the _royal society catalogue of scientific papers_ and poole's _index of periodical literature_ are suitable for all libraries. to return to the mode of carrying out a subject index, it may be again remarked that it is not necessary to follow the titles textually, and if the titles are so followed there can be no advantage in making the references longer than in watt's _bibliotheca_. in primary entries the titles must be accurately followed, but in references it is often much more convenient to dispense with the wording chosen by the author. two books with totally different titles are often identical in subject, and the indexer saves the time of the consulter by realizing this fact and acting upon it. i think that any one who compares the system adopted in the indexes to the catalogues of the library of the athenaeum club and of the london library with that of, say, the catalogue of the manchester free library, 1881, will at once see how much more readily the former can be used. mr. parry, in his answer 7351 (_minutes_, p. 470), advocates the plan of having a separate index of subjects, and in spite of all that has been said in favour of dictionary catalogues, i hold that this is the simplest and most useful for students; although for popular libraries there is much to be said in favour of dictionary catalogues. one of the most elaborate indexes i know is that by my brother, mr. b. r. wheatley, for the catalogue of the royal medical and chirurgical society. by this plan he who knows what he wants finds it without being confused by, to him, useless references, while he who does not know can consult the index. in an index the headings will of course be in alphabet, and the sub-headings may be so also; but often some system of classification will be better. no hard-and-fast rule can be made for all cases. but it is usually better to bring the subjects of the books together, regardless of the wording of the title. [decoration] footnotes: [29] always use the word _see_ in preference to _vide_. [30] this expression is often used, although it can scarcely be considered as english. [31] see his answer to question 9892, _minutes of evidence, commission_ 1849. [decoration] chapter vi. arrangement. rule ii. of the british museum is: "titles to be arranged alphabetically, according to the english alphabet only (whatever be the order of the alphabet in which a foreign name might have been entered in its original language);" and this rule has been generally followed. mr. cutter (rule 169) adds to this, "treat i and j, u and v, as separate letters;" and every consulter of the british museum catalogue must wish that this rule was adopted there, for anything so confusing as this unnecessary mixing of the letters i and j and u and v it is scarcely possible to imagine. mr. cutter goes on: "ij, at least in the olden dutch names, should be arranged as y; do not put spanish names beginning with ch, ll, n, after all other names beginning with c, l, and n, as is done by the spanish academy." the museum rule (xiii.) is: "german names in which the letters ae, oe, or ue occur, to be spelt with the diphthong ae, oe, and ue respectively." mr. cutter follows this, and adds to it (rule 25):- "in danish names, if the type a is not to be had, use its older equivalent _aa_; in a manuscript catalogue the modern orthography ae should be employed. whatever is chosen should be uniformly used, however the names may appear in the books. the diphthong ae should not be written ae, nor should oe be written oe; oe, not oe, should be used for o. "in hungarian names write oe, ue, with the diaeresis (not oe, ue), and arrange like the english o, u. "the swedish names, ae, a, oe, should be so written (not ae, oe), and arranged as the english a, o." the cambridge rule (10) is as follows: "german and scandinavian names, in which the forms ae, oe, ue, a, occur, to be treated, for the purpose of alphabetical sequence, as if spelt with ae, oe, and ao respectively. in german names ae, oe, ue, to be printed ae, oe, ue." the library association rule (44) is: "the german ae, oe, ue, are to be arranged as if written out in full ae, oe, ue." the first part of the cambridge rule and the whole of that of the library association is likely to lead to confusion. the only safe way to deal with these letters is either to spell them out, or to arrange them as if they were english letters. the english alphabet must be pre-eminent in an english catalogue. the rule that m', mc, st., etc., should be arranged as if spelt mac, saint, etc., stands on a different basis from the above, and the reason is, as stated by mr. cutter (rule 173), "because they are so pronounced." when we see st., we at once say saint, and therefore look under sa. the index society rule enters fully into this point, and explains what is a difficulty to some: "6. proper names with the prefix st., as st. albans, st. john, to be arranged in the alphabet as if written in full, _saint_. when the word _saint_ represents a ceremonial title, as in the case of st. alban, st. giles, and st. augustine, these names to be arranged under the letters a and g respectively; but the places st. albans, st. giles, and st. augustine will be found under the prefix _saint_. the prefixes m' and mc to be arranged as if written in full, mac." when several titles follow one heading, it is necessary to use a dash in place of repeating the heading, and there are one or two points worthy of attention in respect to this dash. the library association rule is: "35. the heading is not to be repeated; a single indent or dash indicates the omission of the preceding heading or title." the index society rule is rather fuller: "17. a dash, instead of an indentation, to be used as a mark of repetition. the dash to be kept for entries exactly similar, and the word to be repeated when the second differs in any way from the first. the proper name to be repeated when that of a different person. in the case of joint authors the christian names or initials of the first, whose surname is arranged in the alphabet, to be in parentheses, but the christian names of the second to be in the natural order, as _smith_ (john) and alexander _brown_, not _smith_ (john) and _brown_ (alexander)." the reason for the last direction is that the christian name is only brought back in order to make the alphabetical position of the surname clear; and as this is not necessary in respect to the second person, the names should remain in their natural order. dashes should be of a uniform length, and that length should not be too great. it is a great mistake to suppose that the dash is to be the length of the line which is not repeated. if it is necessary to mark the repetition of a portion of the title as well as the author, this should be indicated by another dash, and not by the elongation of the former one; thus:-milton (john), works in verse and prose, printed from the original editions, with life by the rev. john mitford. 8 vols. 8vo. london, 1851. ---poetical works, with notes, life, etc., by the rev. h. j. todd. 6 vols. 8vo. london, 1801. ---------second edition. 7 vols. royal 8vo. london, 1809. ------with notes, edited by sir egerton brydges. 6 vols. small 8vo. london, 1853. all the dashes except the first, which represents the author's name, can be got rid of by using the words [the same] or [another edition], etc. in the alphabetization of a catalogue the prefixes in personal names, even when printed separately, are to be treated as if they were joined; thus:- de montfort. de quincey. demophilus. des barres. de morgan. du chaillu. demosthenes. in the case of compound words a different plan, however, is to be adopted. each word is to be treated as separate, and arranged accordingly. the index society rule is as follows: "4. headings consisting of two or more distinct words are not to be treated as integral portions of one word; thus the arrangement should be:- grave, john } { grave at kherson grave at kherson } { grave, john grave of hope } not { gravelot grave thoughts } { grave of hope gravelot } { gravesend gravesend } { grave thoughts" mr. cutter enters very fully into this point of arrangement in his rules. it is a very frequent mistake to overlook the fact that the christian name placed after a surname is merely there for the sake of convenience, and to make it take its place with the words that follow in their natural position. for instance, in the above examples john grave stands at the head, because grave is the only portion that can be considered in the alphabet. if, however, there was a charles or a henry grave, they would take their position above john grave, because their christian names are all in the same category. the order in which the entries under an author's name should be arranged is dealt with in the british museum rules lxix. to lxxvii., but it is not necessary to quote all these in this place. the library association rules put the matter very succinctly:- "38. the works of an author are to be arranged in the following order:- "_a._ collected works. "_b._ partial collections. "_c._ individual works in alphabetical order of titles, under the first word not an article or a preposition having the meaning of 'concerning.' "translations are to follow the originals in alphabetical order of languages." the cambridge rule is as follows:- "38. the works of an author to be entered in the following order:- "(1) collected works in the original language. "(2) translations of collected works. "(3) collections of two or more works. "(4) separate works. "(5) entire portions of a separate work to follow that work. "(6) selections or collected fragments." this question of arrangement is distinctly one which may be modified according to the special needs of a particular library. it only becomes a question of importance in a very large library, because in a small library the number of entries under one author are not often very numerous. i should take exception to the arrangement of separate works in alphabetical order, because in the case of titles other than those of plays, poems, novels, etc. (which have arbitrary titles), there is little that is suitable for such arrangement, and it is practically no order at all. i should prefer the chronological order as the most useful for reference. in the case of those authors whose works are voluminous, some system of classification of the separate works is needed. thus milton's prose works should be arranged separately from his poems. it is also a question whether translations should not be kept together at the end. abstracts of the contents of collected editions of an author's works greatly add to the convenience of a catalogue. it is almost a necessity in a lending library, as by this means you can send for the particular volume you require. the adoption of the plan at the british museum would save a reader from sending for a whole set of books when he only wants one volume. mr. parry, in his evidence before the commission, alludes to this point. he said: "i remember there was one rule as to collected works, that each separate work in the collection was to be expressed upon the title that we wrote, and afterwards printed separately under the collected heading in the catalogue; that was abandoned, i remember, and i certainly thought it was an important abandonment: it was the abandonment, as it seemed to me, of a useful principle; but it was abandoned, i believe, for the purpose of expediting the catalogue; and in all respects we endeavoured as much as possible to shorten our labour consistently with accuracy" (p. 467). mr. cutter deals with this point in his rule 197: "arrange _contents_ either in the order of the volumes or alphabetically by the titles of the articles." after giving an example, he adds: "it is evident how much more compendious the second method is. but there is no reason why an alphabetical 'contents' should not be run into a single paragraph. "the titles of novels and plays contained in any collection ought to be entered in the main alphabet; it is difficult then to see the advantage of an alphabetical arrangement of the same titles under the collection. many other collections are composed of works for which alphabetical order is no gain, because the words of their titles are not mnemonic words, and it is not worth while to take the trouble of arranging them; but there are others composed of both classes in which such order may be convenient." we have been considering the arrangement of the titles of ordinary books, but here it will be necessary to go back somewhat, and ask what we have to catalogue. we may have printed books, newspapers, manuscripts (including autographs), prints and drawings, and maps. newspapers may be included with printed books, but the rest must, without doubt, be kept distinct. when these different classes are small, they can with advantage be catalogued separately at the end of the general catalogue; but when any or all of them are large, they must be treated as distinct subjects, and catalogued according to special rules which cannot be given here. what is a printed book? some have made a distinction between tracts (or pamphlets) and books; but any definition of the former, intended to distinguish them from the latter, which has been attempted has always failed to satisfy the bibliographer. it is only necessary to imagine the confusion that would be caused in the library of the british museum if the titles were thus sorted to see the futility of any such distinction. the only excuse for a separate catalogue of pamphlets is in the case of those libraries which possess a large number of ephemeral pamphlets, bound up in a long series, and kept distinct. here, as the pamphlets are only occasionally required, it may be found unadvisable to fill the general catalogue with uninteresting entries. it may be supposed that the last remark, as recognizing the existence of a pamphlet, is contradictory to that which goes before, but it is not really so. there is no doubt of the existence of a something which is undoubtedly a pamphlet, but there is no rule by which some other small book can be distinguished as a pamphlet or not. the special characteristic of a pamphlet does not entirely consist in the number of pages, for books in which the most momentous discoveries have been announced have been made up of few leaves, and it does not entirely consist in the importance or otherwise of the subject. there is one class of pamphlets which gives the cataloguer much trouble, viz., extracts from journals and transactions. if these are catalogued without any indication that they are excerpts, readers of the catalogue are misled into the belief in the existence of separate books which were never issued. at the same time the catalogue is unnecessarily enlarged if the full particulars as to the title of the journal from which the pamphlet has been extracted are given. if there are many of these titles it will be well to adopt some sign, such as a dagger, at the beginning of the title to indicate the character of the pamphlet. when we have decided to arrange in one general alphabet the titles of ordinary books, both those whose authors are known and those which are anonymous, we are still left with a large number of books which are different in character from ordinary books. we then have to decide how to deal with journals and transactions, ephemerides, observations, reports, etc. these classes of works are generally kept distinct, but are included in the general alphabet as academies or transactions, periodical publications or journals. in the case of comparatively small private libraries, there is no need for the separation at all, as these seldom contain many journals or transactions; but if it be advisable to make the distinction, i think the balance of advantage is on the side of keeping the class outside the alphabet, chiefly for the reason that inner alphabets are confusing and disadvantageous. there are two main reasons in favour of the separation of serials, periodicals, or whatever other name we may give the class. the theoretical reason is, that they are not like other books, and that the rules for one will not apply to the other. it is agreed, on all hands, that mss. should be separated from printed books, and yet a ms. is often more like a printed book than a journal is like a distinct treatise. i mean that in the one case the difference is merely one of production,--print or writing,--and in the other it is a structural difference of the mode of composition. the practical reason is, that you eliminate the chief disturbing elements of a catalogue. the catalogue of ordinary books, if well made in the first instance, requires little alteration, and needs only additions; but the catalogue of serials, by the very nature of its contents, wants continued change. some librarians who have followed the british museum rules continue the terms adopted there of _academies_ and _periodical publications_; but i think the headings _transactions_ and _journals_ are in every way preferable. the word _academy_ is entirely foreign to our habits, and most of those academies which exist here are institutions quite distinct from societies which publish transactions. almost the only exception to this rule is the royal irish academy. even abroad, societies are more numerous than academies.[32] with respect to the heading _periodical publications_, it may be said that transactions would logically come as properly under it as journals and magazines, because all are published periodically. this subject of the arrangement of periodicals has not been treated of so exhaustively as it deserves. mr. j. b. bailey communicated a paper on "some points to be considered in preparing catalogues of transactions and periodicals" to the library association of the united kingdom in february 1880,[33] in which he affirms that so little agreement is there among cataloguers, that the three most recent catalogues of scientific transactions and periodicals then published were arranged on different plans. the three catalogues referred to were (1) _catalogue of scientific serials_, 1633-1876, by s. h. scudder, cambridge, u.s., 1879; (2) _catalogue of the library of the royal medical and chirurgical society_, london, 1879; (3) _catalogue of the library of the museum of practical geology and geological survey_, london, 1878. at the cambridge meeting of the library association, 1882, i communicated a paper entitled "thoughts on the cataloguing of journals and transactions." in this paper i discussed some of the open questions respecting their arrangement, and these points i may recapitulate here. mr. bailey is in favour of mr. scudder's union of journals and transactions in one catalogue, but he is not so satisfied that the plan of arranging these under the names of the places of publication adopted by that bibliographer is the best. the two chief questions which arise, after we have settled the point that these serials shall be kept distinct from the general alphabet, are these:- (1) shall journals and transactions be treated as one and the same class, or shall they be arranged in separate alphabets? (2) if journals and transactions are kept distinct, how shall they be arranged? i. mr. scudder, as already mentioned, treats journals and transactions as one and the same class, and arranges both together, according to a combined geographical and alphabetical system. this is, i think, an inconvenient arrangement for a catalogue, for the following reason: transactions are nearly always known by the names of the places where they are issued, but journals are not known by the name of the place of publication. for instance, suppose a reader comes to the librarian for the _jahrbuch_ of the _physikalischer verein_, the librarian would naturally ask, which one of these societies? and the reader might answer frankfort; but if the _canadian journal_ were required it is probable that neither reader nor librarian would remember whether it were published at toronto or at montreal. the society of its very nature has a local habitation, while the journal has a name, but is not necessarily associated with the place where it is published. it therefore follows that if the titles of the two kinds of periodicals are arranged on different systems, it will be better to keep them distinct than to unite them in one alphabet. in the british museum catalogue the two classes are kept distinct, but both are arranged under the names of places, so that they might quite as well have been united in one alphabet. the reason for separation entirely depends, it seems to me, upon the difference of arrangement adopted for each. ii. mr. cutter's rules on this question of arrangement may be considered best under the respective headings of transactions and journals. _transactions._ mr. cutter says (rule 40):- "societies are authors of their journals, memoirs, proceedings, transactions, publications.... the chief practices in regard to societies have been to enter them (1. british museum) under a special heading--_academies_--with a geographical arrangement; (2. boston public library, printed catalogue) under the name of the place where they have their headquarters; (3. harvard college library and boston public library, present system) under the name of the place, if it enters into the legal name of the society, otherwise under the first word of that name not an article; (4. boston athenaeum) english societies under the first word of the society's name not an article; foreign societies under the name of the place. both 3. and 4. put under the place all purely local societies, those whose membership or objects are confined to the place. the first does not deserve a moment's consideration; such a heading is out of place in an author-catalogue, and the geographical arrangement only serves to complicate matters, and render it more difficult to find any particular academy. the second is utterly unsuited to american and english societies. the third practice is simple; but it is difficult to see the advantage of the exception which it makes to its general rule of entry under the society's name; the exception does not help the cataloguer, for it is just as hard to determine whether the place enters into the _legal_ name as to ascertain the name; it does not help the reader, for he has no means of knowing whether the place is part of the legal name or not. the fourth is simple and intelligible; it is usually easy for both cataloguer and reader to determine whether a society is english or foreign.... "fifth plan, rule 1. enter academies, associations, institutes, universities, libraries, galleries, museums, colleges, and all similar bodies, both english and foreign, according to their corporate name, neglecting an initial article when there is one. "_exception 1._ enter the royal academies of berlin, goettingen, leipzig, lisbon, madrid, munich, st. petersburg, vienna, etc., and the 'institut' of paris under those cities. an exception is an evil; this one is adopted because the academies are usually known by the name of the cities, and are hardly ever referred to by the name koenigliches, real, etc." i cannot agree with mr. cutter's remarks in the above extracts. after a pretty extensive experience of the cataloguing of transactions, i have found plan no. 2 far and away the most convenient for reference; it has its own peculiar difficulties, but these are really much fewer than in any of the other plans, and i entirely fail to see why it should be stigmatized as "utterly unsuited to american and english societies." no doubt a large number of societies come under the heading of london, but most large towns in the country have their societies, and the societies of dublin, edinburgh, glasgow, liverpool, and manchester all find their proper places in the alphabet. the fourth plan may be simple, but it is far from logical, and some good reason is required for the adoption of separate rules for english and foreign societies. exception 1 is surely unnecessary, for the publications of the societe meteorologique de france have just as much right to appear under "paris" as the publications of the "institut" (which, by the way, is the "institut" of france, not of paris). the difficulties of this first word (not an article) arrangement are numerous. for instance, all the french societies will be under _societe_, and a large number of the english societies under _royal_. then, again, how many german and swiss towns have a _naturforschende gesellschaft_--the confusion of which is obviated by arranging them under the names of the towns. this is one reason; but another is, that many of these societies have double titles, with the designation of the society in different languages. for instance, the _neue denkschriften_ of the "allgemeine schweizerische gesellschaft fuer die gesammten naturwissenschaften," at zuerich, is also styled _nouveaux memoires de la societe helvetique des sciences naturelles_; and this at once confuses the society with "schweizerische naturforschende gesellschaft," which is also named "allgemeine schweizerische gesellschaft" and "societe helvetique des sciences naturelles." several of the scandinavian societies have a latin as well as a native name. thus the "kongl. vetenskaps societet," of upsala, is also called "regia societas scientiarum upsaliensis," and its publications are known as _acta_ and _nota acta_. again, the publications of the "kongelige norske videnskabers selskab," of trondhjem, have been in german as well as in danish, and in the former language the style of the society has taken the two forms of "drontheimische gesellschaft" and of "koenigl. norwegische gesellschaft." again, bohemian societies have both a german and a bohemian title, and the cataloguer must choose which he will take. it cannot be said that by arranging the societies under the names of the places where they meet all difficulties are overcome, but it may safely be said that they are found with much greater ease by the consulter of the catalogue, than if they were spread about in the alphabet under the first words of their titles (not an article), and this, i think, is the greatest advantage that can be claimed for any cataloguing scheme. another good reason for placing the societies under their place of meeting is that their transactions are most commonly referred to as the "paris memoires," the "berlin abhandlungen," or the "copenhagen skrifter;" and therefore it is most objectionable that the reader who knows what he wants should have, before consulting the catalogue, to seek for the exact wording of the society's name. the london mathematical society would come under _london_ by cutter's rule, although it is always spoken of as the mathematical society simply; while some of the publications of the meteorological society would be arranged under b (british meteorological society) and others under m (meteorological society). those who have little to do with transactions can scarcely guess the confusion that occurs in catalogues when the references are not arranged upon a sound system. there are two very serious objections to the geographical arrangement of the places where societies are seated rather than the alphabetical. one is, that you have to think what country the place is in before looking for it; and the other, that the boundaries of europe are constantly being altered. if every society is placed under the name of the town where it holds its meetings, and the towns are arranged in one general alphabet, we have an arrangement that is simplicity itself. it is of paramount importance to place all the publications of a society under one heading, even when the place of meeting may have been changed; and in such a case as this the only safe plan is to arrange all under the name of the last place of meeting, with cross-references from the other places. a good instance of this is the well-known set of transactions which is almost invariably quoted as the _nova acta_. the "kaiserliche leopoldino-carolinische deutsche akademie der naturforscher" published their acta at nuremberg between 1730 and 1754, and their _nova acta_ at the same place between 1757 and 1791. the _nova acta_ has subsequently been published at erlangen, breslau, and bonn, and the present seat of the academy is at dresden. there is of course a difficulty in the case of peripatetic societies both national (such as the british association) and international (such as the congress of prehistoric archaeology); but these societies have usually permanent headquarters, and these may be treated as the headings. no mention has been made of what we rather vaguely style "publishing societies," because these require special rules. they should be catalogued with a general entry under the division of transactions, but the separate books published by each society must be catalogued in the general catalogue. _journals._ mr. cutter's rule, no. 54 (_rules for a dictionary catalogue_, p. 53), is as follows: "periodicals are to be treated as anonymous, and entered under the first word. ex. _popular_ science monthly, _littell's_ living age. "when a periodical changes its title, the whole may be catalogued under the original title, with an explanatory note there, and a reference from the new title to the old; or each part may be catalogued under its own title, with references: 'for a continuation _see_ ;' 'for ten previous volumes _see_ .' "make a reference from the name of the editor when the periodical is commonly called by his name, as is the case with silliman's _journal of science_...." i agree, generally, with this rule, but i think that we must arrange somehow that the whole of a journal should appear in one place in the catalogue, however much the title may have been changed. thus the title of the well-known _philosophical magazine_ has undergone many changes, but all should appear under the heading of "_philosophical magazine_" the first series is known as _tilloch's philosophical magazine_, and the current series as the _london, edinburgh, and dublin philosophical magazine and journal_. although the rule should be to place the titles under the first word not an article, some judgment must be displayed. thus the _new monthly magazine_ should be placed under "new," because it was a rival and not a continuation of the _monthly magazine_; but the _neue notizen_ of froriep must come under "notizen," of which it is a second series. as a rule, it is objectionable to place journals under their editors' names, because editors are continually changing. for instance, the famous german scientific journal (_annalen der physik_) which was for so many years associated with the name of poggendorff no longer bears the name of that distinguished man. after his death his name entirely disappeared from the title-page. something must also be said respecting astronomical and meteorological observations, reports of various institutions, surveys, etc. these are not strictly transactions; but the same principle which makes it expedient to take transactions out of the general alphabet applies to these books. observations are sometimes catalogued under the name of the observer; but this is a bad practice, because the observer changes, and it is only the observatory which is permanent, and this should be arranged under the place where the observatory is situated, as greenwich, paris, etc. the treatment of reports is a more difficult matter, and here again judgment must be called into play. a particular report on a special subject must be treated as a book; but the series of reports of commissions, or the annual reports of an institution as serials, may well be brought under a separate division. [decoration] footnotes: [32] was it not christopher north's shepherd who said, "open a school and call it an academy"? [33] _monthly notices_, no. 2. [decoration] chapter vii. something about mss. very little need be said here about the cataloguing of manuscripts, because it is a distinct art from the cataloguing of printed books; but most libraries contain a few manuscripts, and therefore it is needful to say something. what a large collection of mss. really is, is partly answered by mr. maunde thompson, late keeper of the mss., and now principal librarian, british museum, in an interesting paper, "on the arrangement and preservation of manuscripts," read before the library association in 1886. mr. thompson writes:- "while in foreign countries it is the custom to subdivide and deposit in different custodies the several classes of mss. after their kind, in england the museum is the only national institution where mss. of all descriptions are purchased for the public use. in the department of mss., accordingly, may be found every kind of ms., from papyri dating back to the second century before christ down to the correspondence of our own day on which the ink is scarcely dry. papyri, ancient and mediaeval mss. of all periods and in all languages from the fifth to the fifteenth century and later, illuminated mss., literary works of all periods, state papers and literary and private correspondence, charters and rolls, seals, casts of seals, and bullae--all these are brought together under the custody of the keepers."[34] now very few of these rare objects will be found in ordinary libraries. the manuscripts to be found there will probably be literary works, historical and literary correspondence, and perhaps some deeds or family documents. if the manuscripts consist only of a few unprinted literary works or original manuscripts afterwards printed, these may well be included in the general catalogue of printed books. when there are autograph letters and miscellaneous mss., these must be kept separate. the cataloguer must then consult the best catalogues of collections of manuscripts, and choose the plan best suited to his particular purpose. a collection of autograph letters will best be catalogued under the names of the writers, arranged in alphabetical order; while a series of historical documents will often be more conveniently arranged in chronological order. the usual mode of cataloguing adopted is to register the contents of the particular collection of manuscripts in the order which it stands, and then to make a full index. the result of this plan is the production of a series of volumes of great interest to the reader. many a pleasant and instructive hour may be spent in the turning over of the pages of such catalogues as that of the harleian collection, or of the various volumes which contain the descriptions of the additional manuscripts in the british museum. there is, however, a great want of a general catalogue or general index to the vast collections of the british museum. the production of such a work would cause so large an expenditure of labour that perhaps we can scarcely expect it to be produced; but i venture to think that something might be done to bring the very miscellaneous collection of catalogues into some more uniform system than it is at present. the subject index which can be referred to in the ms. room is a work of the greatest value, and he who turns over a few pages of a few of the volumes of which this subject catalogue consists will obtain a more vivid idea of the exceeding richness of the ms. department of the british museum than by any other means. this classified catalogue we owe to mr. bond, formerly keeper of the mss., and late principal librarian, and every scholar must feel deep gratitude to him for this great gift of knowledge. if this were printed, it would form a work of immense value; but probably before this could be done it would be necessary to re-catalogue on one system a large number of the entries. with the present catalogues at the reading room table, when a certain known manuscript is required, the searcher goes at once to the special catalogue, and he has little or no difficulty. if he wants to find a manuscript upon a particular subject, he can look at the subject catalogue; but if he wants to find all the manuscripts of a given book, he will have to look up the separate indexes of the different collections. this will be a long and tedious undertaking, and the searcher will usually need the assistance of the gentlemen of the department--assistance which is always freely and courteously rendered. catalogues of certain classes of manuscripts have been produced which are of monumental value; but i think a great desideratum is a catalogue of all the distinct works in the manuscript department, with information respecting the printing of such as have been printed. possibly such a work, by which can be found the ms. copies of the works of our great authors,--and, for the matter of that, of our small ones too,--is being prepared. it will be a work of great labour, and if the department prepare it, the learning of the country will be placed under a lasting obligation. we may look forward to a time when a national bibliography of our literature shall be produced, in which manuscripts will be registered as well as printed books. one great characteristic of manuscripts is the permanence of their reference numbers. printed books are moved and change their shelf-marks, but the number of a manuscript is always the same. sometimes the manuscript is known by the name of the collection with its number, and sometimes the reference is to a former shelf-mark; but if originally a shelf-mark, it is continued as a part of the manuscript, however much the original position in the library may have been changed. catalogues of manuscripts are more distinctly literary works than are catalogues of printed books. thus mr. g. f. warner's _catalogue of the manuscripts and muniments of alleyn's college of god's gift at dulwich_ (1881) forms an indispensable portion of any shakespearian or dramatic library. the various catalogues of manuscripts in the bodleian library, and the catalogue of the cambridge university manuscripts,[35] are additions to general literature of a very high character. [decoration] footnotes: [34] _library chronicle_, vol. iv., pp. 33-9. [35] _catalogue of the manuscripts preserved in the library of the university of cambridge._ edited for the syndics of the university press, vol. i., 1856; vol. ii., 1857; vol. iii., 1858; vol. iv., 1861; vol. v., 1867. _index_ by h. r. luard, 1867. 8vo. [decoration] chapter viii. rules for a small library.[36] headings. _author._--1. all books to be entered under their authors' surnames; when there are two or more authors, the first is to be taken as the leading name. [75] 2. foreign compound names to be arranged under the first name. english compound names under the last, except in those cases where the first is known to be a true surname. [76] 3. proper names of foreigners to be alphabetically arranged under the prefixes dal, del, della, des, du, le, la; but not under the prefixes d', da, de, von, van, van der. english names to be arranged under the prefixes de, de la, van, mac, o', etc. [80] 4. peers to be arranged under their titles, and not under their family names, except in such cases as that of horace walpole, where a man is seldom known by his title. bishops, deans, etc., to be sought under their family names. [87] 5. sovereigns, saints, and friars to be registered under their christian names. [91] 6. latin authors to be registered under their nomens, except in those cases where the agnomen has been popularly adopted. [101] 7. oriental names to be registered in accordance with the system adopted by a recognized authority on the subject. [95] 8. when an author has changed his name, he is to be registered by the last one adopted. [97] 9. married women to be registered under their married name, except in those cases where they have only written under their maiden name. [98] 10. when an author has adopted several pseudonyms at various times, all are to be brought together under the author's true name. when an author has consistently used one pseudonym, and is solely known by that name, he can be registered under it, with a reference from his true name. [146] 11. christian names of authors are to follow their surnames, within parentheses, and are always to be written in full. [95] _non-author headings._ 12. trials to be entered under the name of the defendant in a criminal suit, and of the plaintiff in a civil suit. trials relating to vessels to be entered under the name of the vessel. [122] 13. catalogues to be arranged under the heading of "catalogues," and subdivided under the sub-headings of the objects catalogued. [123] 14. records of voyages not entirely written by one author to be brought under the name of the vessel. [127] 15. all anonymous books whose authors are certainly known are to be registered under those authors' names. [130] 16. when an author is unknown, and the initials only are given on the title-page of a book, or at the end of the preface, dedication, or other preliminary matter, the book is to be considered as anonymous, and treated in accordance with the following rules respecting anonymous works. [145] 17. anonymous works relating to a person or a place to be registered under the name of that person or place. [131] 18. anonymous works with a catch-title, such as the title of a novel, to be registered under the first word of that title. [131] 19. other anonymous works to be registered under the name of the subject which is prominently referred to on the title-page, and in the language of the title-page. an adjective is frequently to be preferred to a substantive as a heading. for instance, when it contains the point of the compound, as _alimentary_ canal, _english_ history, etc. [131] the title. 20. the title of a book when not long is to be taken in its entirety. when long curtailment must be undertaken with care, and dots should be inserted where words have been omitted. [133] 21. information respecting the edition and the editor, and any additional matter, should be included in the catalogue slip. [160] place of publication. 22. the place of publication must always be given, and if it be not found on the title-page, it must be added between brackets whenever known. the name always to be given as it appears on the title-page. sometimes the place of printing, when different from that of publication, is added, but this is only necessary in rare cases. [163] date. 23. dates are always to be given in a catalogue in arabic numerals. it is important that the date should be discovered when it does not occur on the title-page. the date may sometimes occur as a chronogram, which should not be overlooked. [164] 24. greek dates require special attention. for a table of these see chapter iv., p. 167. size-notation. 25. in books published before the use of machine-made papers, the size of books is to be distinguished by the signatures and the fold of the water-mark of the hand-made paper. in modern books demy octavo is to be considered as the standard of an octavo. all above that size to be styled large octavo, and all below small octavo. quartos and folios to be so designated, except in those cases where they are either specially large or specially small, when they should respectively be described as large quarto or small folio. [168] collation. 26. in the case of rare books a collation should be added to the title slip; but all books, when only in one volume, should have the number of their pages added. [178] abstracts of contents. 27. when the contents of a set of works are very varied, a short abstract of the contents of each volume may be added with advantage. when the contents are of a similar character, like a collection of plays, it will be more convenient to throw the titles into alphabetical order, and add the number of the volume to each entry. [206] references. 28. all references should be in english, and the subject of a book must be referenced, even if it is not clearly expressed on the title-page. [187] 29. when a book contains something which is not mentioned on the title-page, it must be added either between brackets or in a note, and then a reference can be made to it; but no reference must be made to a title which does not contain the information required. [187] 30. references in an alphabetical catalogue should not be classified. thus gold should be under g, and silver under s, instead of being grouped under metals. cross-references may be given from metals to gold and silver. [188] 31. it is not necessary to follow the exact wording of a title in the reference but it will be often more convenient for the cataloguer to make a heading which may include several references. [187] arrangement. 32. before arranging the entries of a catalogue it will be necessary to decide whether all the books are to be included in one alphabet; and if not, what are to be excluded. [209] 33. pamphlets or tracts should not be catalogued separately from the other books, except in very special cases. [210] 34. if a library contains many magazines or journals, transactions of societies, or astronomical and other observations, it will be well to keep these distinct from the general catalogue; but if they are few, they can be included in the general alphabet. [211] 35. transactions of societies should be arranged under the name of the place where the society holds its meetings, and these names should be arranged in alphabetical order. [219] 36. when a society has shifted its place of meeting, all its publications should be entered under the name of the existing place, with references from the names of the previous places of meeting. [223] 37. journals should be arranged in alphabetical order under the first word of the title not an article. [225] 38. journals not to be placed under the editors' names. [226] 39. astronomical and meteorological observations should be kept distinct from transactions of societies, but they may be arranged in the same way under the names of the places where the observatories are situated. [226] _alphabet._ 40. the arrangement to be according to the order of the english alphabet. i and j, u and v, to be treated as separate letters. [198] 41. in german names ae, oe, ue to be treated as if written a, o, u. if it be desired to arrange them as ae, oe, ue, they must be so written. [199] 42. the prefixes mr., mc, st., etc., should be arranged as if spelt mister, mac, saint, etc. [200] 43. when the word _saint_ represents a ceremonial title, as in the case of st. alban, st. giles, and st. augustine, these names are to be arranged under the letters a and g respectively; but the places st. albans, st. giles, and st. augustines should be found under the prefix saint. [201] 44. prefixes in proper names, even when printed separately, are to be treated as if they were joined. thus de morgan will come before demosthenes, and de quincey after demosthenes. [205] 45. headings consisting of two or more distinct words are not to be treated as integral portions of one word. [205] _order of sub-entries._ 46. the works of an author should be arranged in the following order:- _a._ collected works. _b._ partial collections. _c._ separate works in chronological order, except in the case of plays or novels, which may be in alphabetical order. _d._ translations in the same order as that adopted for the original works. [205] manipulation. 47. slips of paper or thick cards should be used for writing the titles upon. a convenient size is that of a page of note paper used lengthways. the shelf-mark can be placed at the top of the right-hand corner. the author's name or heading should be written on a line by itself at the left-hand side, about an inch from the top of the paper. 48. the references may be written upon similar slips, so as to range with the titles. 49. various directions as to sorting have been given, but the worker will soon find out for himself the most convenient mode. the arrangement should be made in regular sequence. thus the slips must be sorted into first letters, then into second letters, and so on. 50. when the slips are sorted, it will be necessary to place them in boxes or drawers for safety. 51. if the slips are sent to the printer, they must be numbered; but when there are a large number, it is not necessary to put the full number on each slip. it will be sufficient to number up to one hundred, and then begin again, marking down each additional hundred. the alphabetical order of the slips will check the numbering. 52. when a catalogue is printed, lines of repetition must be used if the author's name or other heading is the same in several entries. this line should not be too long, as it is a mistake to vary its length to denote the length of that which is repeated. [201] 53. the usual form for the library copy of a catalogue is folio. if the catalogue is in manuscript, the left-hand page should in all cases be left vacant for additions, and the entries on the right-hand page should not be too closely written, as it is difficult to tell how many additions may be required before the catalogue is worn out. in the case of a printed catalogue, two pages of print can be pasted on one page, and here the right-hand column should be left blank for additions. [decoration] footnote: [36] the number at the end of each rule refers to the page of this book where the reason for the particular rule is more fully discussed. [decoration] appendix. list of latin names of places. the cataloguer will often find it difficult to tell where a book was printed in those cases where the name of the place is given in its latin form. although books have been compiled to give this information, they are not always at hand, and a list of the latin names of some of the most important places where books have been printed will probably be found useful. the same place has often several latin forms, as will be seen by this list:- _aberdonia_, aberdeen. _abredea_, aberdeen. _abredonia_, aberdeen. _amsteloedamum_, _amstelodamum_, or _amstelredamum_, amsterdam. _andegavum_, angers. _andoverpa_, antwerp. _andreapolis_, st. andrews. _antverpia_, antwerp. _ardmacha_, armagh. _argentina_, _argentoratum_, strasburg. _athenae rauracae_, basel. _augusta taurinorum_, turin. _augusta trebocorum_, strasburg. _augusta trevirorum_, treves. _augusta vindelicorum_, augsburg. _aurelia_, _aureliacum_, orleans. _aurelia allobrogum_, geneva. _bamberga_, _babenberga_, bamberg. _barchino_, _barcino_, or _barxino_, barcelona. _basilea_, basel. _bathonia_, bath. _berolinum_, berlin. _bipontium_, zweibruecken. _bisuntia_, or _bisuntium_, besancon. _bononia_, bologna. _brixia_, breschia. _brugae_, bruges. _bruxellae_, bruxelles. _burdigala_, bordeaux. _burgi_, burgos. _buscum ducis_, bois le duc, or hertogenbosch. _cadomum_, caen. _caesar augusta_, saragossa. _caesarodunum turonum_, tours. _cameracum_, cambray. _cantabrigia_, cambridge. _casurgis_, prague. _cluniacum_, cluni. _coburgum_, coburg. _codania_, copenhagen. _colonia agrippina_, _c. claudia_, _c. ubiorum_ or _colonia_ simply, cologne. _colonia allobrogum_, geneva. _colonia julia romana_, seville. _colonia munatiana_, basel. _complutum_, alcala de henares, famous as the place of printing of the polyglott bible of cardinal ximenes, called the "complutensian bible." _confluentes_, coblentz. _cracovia_, cracow. _curia rhetorum_, coire. _dantiscum_, dantzig. _daventria_, deventer, in holland. _derbia_, derby. _dordracum_, dordrecht, or dort. _dresda_, dresden. _duacum_, douay. _dublinum_, dublin. _durocorturum_, rheims. _eboracum_, york. _edinburgum_, edinburgh. _erfordia_, _erphordia_, or _erfurtum_, erfurt. _etona_, eton. _exonia_, exeter. _florentia_, florence. _forum livii_, forli. _francofurtum ad moenum_, _francofortium_, _francphordia_, frankfort-on-the-maine. _francofurtum ad oderam_, or _francophordia cis oderam_, or _francofurtum marchionum_, frankfort-on-the-oder. _freiberga hermundurorum_, freiberg, saxony. _friburgum brisgoviae_, freiburg im breisgau. _friburgum helvetiorum_, fribourg, switzerland. _ganabum_, orleans. _gandavum_, gand, or ghent. _gedanum_, dantzig. _genua_, genoa. _gippesvicum_, ipswich. _glascua_, glasgow. _granata_, granada. _gratianopolis_, grenoble. _gravionarium_, bamberg. _hafnia_, copenhagen. _haga comitum_, the hague. _hala saxonum_, _hala hermundurorum_, _hala soraborum_, or _hala magdeburgica_, halle, in saxony. _hamburgum_, or _hammona_, hamburg. _harlemum_, haarlem. _heidelberga_, heidelberg. _helenopolis_, frankfort-on-the-maine. _herbipolis_, wuerzburg. _hispalis_, seville. _holmia_, stockholm. _insulae_, lisle. _juliomagum_, angers. _koburgum_, coburg. _leida_, leyden. _leodicum eburonum_, liege. _leodium_, liege. _lipsia_, leipzig. _londinum_, _londinium_, london. _lovanium_, louvain. _lugdunum_, lyons. _lugdunum batavorum_, leyden. _lutetia parisiorum_, paris. _madritum_, or _matritum_, madrid. _mediolanum_, milan. _moguntia_, mentz, or mayence. _monachium_, munich. _mons regius_, koenigsberg. _moscua_, moscow. _mutina_, modena. _neapolis_, naples. _neocomum_, neuchatel. _norimberga_, nuremberg. _oenipons_, innsbruck. _olyssipo_, lisbon. _oxonia_, or _oxonium_, oxford. _panormum_, palermo. _papia_, pavia. _parisii_, paris. _patavium_, padua. _pons oeni_, innsbruck. _portus lusitaniae_, oporto. _praga_, prague. _regiomontum_, koenigsberg. _remi_, or _rhemi_, rheims. _rhedones_, rennes. _rhodopolis_, rostock. _roma_, rome. _rostochium_, rostock. _rothomagum_, rouen. _s. albani_, st. albans. _sanctandrois_, st. andrews. _sylva ducis_, or _sylva ducalis_, bois le duc, or hertogenbosch. _tarvisium_, treviso. _taurinum_, turin. _thermae antoninae_, baden-baden. _ticinum_, pavia. _tigurum_, zuerich. _toletum_, toledo. _trajectum ad mosam_, or _trajectum superius_, maestricht. _trajectum ad rhenum_, or _trajectum inferius_, utrecht. _trajectum ad viadrum_, frankfort-on-the-oder. _trecae_, or _tricasses_, troyes. _tridentum_, trent. _treviri_, treves. _tubinga_, tubingen. _turones_, tours. _ubii_, cologne. _ultrajectum_, utrecht. _ulyssipo_, lisbon. _urbs vetus_, orvieto. _vallisoletum_, valladolid. _venetiae_, venice. _vesontio_, besancon. _vicentia_, vicenza. _vienna austriae_, vienna. _vienna in delphinatu_, vienne, france. _vigornia_, worcester. _vindobona_, vienna. _vratislavia_, breslau. _westmonasterium_, westminster. _wirceburgum_, wurzburg. these names have mostly been taken from dr. cotton's valuable lists:-_a typographical gazetteer_, attempted by the rev. henry cotton, d.c.l. the second edition. oxford, 1831. 8vo. at page 332 is an index of disguised, falsified, or fictitious places. at page 336, a list of the names of certain academies, etc., which sometimes are found on the titles of books (particularly on academical dissertations), without further specification of the place to which they belong. _a typographical gazetteer_, attempted by the rev. henry cotton, d.c.l. second series. oxford, 1866. 8vo. at page 335 is a revised list of fictitious places. [decoration] [decoration] index. abstracts of contents, 206. ----rules for a small library, 240. academical dissertations, authorship of, 105. "academies" not a good heading, 213. alphabet, order of english, 198. ----rules for a small library, 243. "anonym" an objectionable term, 129, 136 (_note_). anonymous and pseudonymous books, 128-53. ----definition of an anonymous work, 129. ----headings for, 130, 143. ----bodleian rule, 134. ----british museum rule, 130. ----cambridge rule, 150. ----cutter's rule, 132. ----proposed rules, 133, 237. ----headings to be made on one system, 144. ----rules for a small library, 237. arabic numerals to be used for dates in cataloguing, 164. arrangement, 198-227. ----rules for a small library, 242. asterisk, use of, to denote academical dissertation, 121. athenaeum club catalogue, 61. author of a book, 75. ----not to be invented by misreading the title, 84. ----rules for a small library, 235. authors to be placed under the name they are best known by, 85. baber's (rev. h. h.) rules, 26. bailey (j. b.), his objection to double-columned pasted-down catalogue, 60 (_note_). ----on the preparation of catalogues of _transactions_ and periodicals, 213. barbier's definition of an anonymous work, 129-30. becket (thomas a) or st. thomas, 94. bentham (jeremy), his name printed "jereme" in the british museum catalogue, 32. biber (rev. dr.) on use of initials as a heading, 145. bibliographies _v_. catalogues, 4. bibliography, uses of a, 5. _bibliotheca cooperiana_, 19. billings (j. s.), _index catalogue of the library of the surgeon-general's office_, 18. bishops and deans to be arranged under their family names, 87. blackburn's _hints on catalogue titles_ noticed, 153 (_note_). board of trade catalogue, 16. bodleian library, rules, 46. ----card catalogues at, 63. bodleian library, catalogues of mss., 233. bond (mr.), bestower of the boon of a printed catalogue for the british museum, 53. bradshaw (h.), his views as to the index to a catalogue, 12. ----on size-notation, 173. ----rule for anonymous works, 151. british museum, _report_ of the commissioners on the constitution and government of the, _quoted_ 26, 32. ----rules, 25; their triumph, 48. ----printing of first volume of catalogue in 1841, 28, 49-51. -------owing to a blunder, 29. ----various printed catalogues, 31. ----catalogues of mss., 230. ----classified catalogue of mss., 231. bruce (john) on the british museum catalogue, 36. ----on the cataloguing of anonymous works, 141. bullen (g.) in favour of printing the british museum catalogue, 53 (_note_). calendar, french revolutionary, 168. cambridge libraries, treatment of size-notation in, 174. ----university library rules, 45. -------catalogue of mss., 234. card catalogues, their spread in america, 62. cards, use of, for variety of classification, 64. carlyle (thomas), his objection to the british museum regulations, 34. catalogue, uses of a, 5. ----what it is, 1. ----to make one not an easy task, 2. ----dangers of division of labour, 2. ----medium between too short and too long, 4. ----to be made direct from the books themselves, 14. ----how to keep one in print for years, 57. catalogue, alphabetical, the most useful, 10. -------of subjects, 15. ----card, its spread in america, 62. ----classed, nearly useless, 9, 11. ----dictionary, rules for, 47. ----raisonne, what it is, 10. ----universal, widespread desire for one, 6. cataloguer always to think of the wants of the consulter, 3. catalogues, treatment of, 123. -------british museum rule, 123. -------cambridge rule, 124. -------cutter's rule, 125. -------library association rule, 125. ----not true books, 126. ----rules for a small library, 237. catalogues v. bibliographies, 4. ----manuscript, for small private libraries, 71. cataloguing, ignorance of the art of, 33. ----scientific, a modern invention, 13. christian names, not to be contracted, 95. ----mr. cutter's plan of contraction, 95. ----alphabetical order of, 96. ----rules for a small library, 237. christian names, foreign, turned into surnames, 96. chronograms on titles, 165. cochrane (j. g.) before the british museum commission, 33. ----his opinion on rules, 34. collation, 178-79. ----rules for a small library, 240. collier (j. payne), his unfortunate catalogue titles, 39. compound names, treatment of, 76. ----british museum rule, 78. ----cambridge rule, 79. ----cutter's rule, 78. ----library association rule, 79. ----rules for a small library, 235. concordances, treatment of, 127. contents, abstracts of, need of, 206. ----rules for a small library, 240. cooper's (charles purton) sale catalogues, 19. co-operative cataloguing, 69. cotton's _typographical gazetteer_, 254. crestadoro (mr.) proposes index to an inventorial catalogue, 11. croker (rt. hon. j. w.) on the british museum catalogue, 36. ----plan for pasting down british museum catalogue, 71. cross-references, 182. cutter (mr.) on card catalogues, 62 (_note_). ----on the advantages and disadvantages of printed or manuscript catalogues, 54. ----on the history of the _dictionary catalogue_, 11. ----classification of libraries, 8. ----definition of an anonymous work, 130. ----definition of an author, 75. ----definition of references, 181. ----rules for the cataloguing of _journals_, 224. ----rules for the cataloguing of _transactions_, 217. ----rules for a dictionary catalogue, 47. ----rules for pseudonyms, 148. dash as a sign of repetition, 201. ----index society rule, 201. ----library association rule, 201. ----rules for a small library, 246. dates, 164-68. ----rules for a small library, 239. de morgan (a.) on the blunders of bibliographers, 14. ----on the uselessness of a classed catalogue, 9. _dictionary catalogue_, history of, 11, 17. ----rules for, 47. dissertations, academical, authorship of, 105. _dublin review_, _quoted_ 9-11, 14. edition and editor always to be inserted on catalogue slip, 160. editor of a book, 75, 103. edwards (edward) one of committee for british museum rules, 26. ellis and baber's catalogue of the british museum, 31. fagan's _life of panizzi_, _quoted_ 29. french revolutionary calendar, 168. friars under their christian names, 91. ----rules for a small library, 236. garnett (dr.) on the printing of the british museum catalogue, 7, 51. geology, museum of practical, catalogue of periodicals in the library, 214. governments to supply catalogue slips, 69. gray (dr. j. e.) on the british museum catalogue, 35, 37. greek and roman names, 100. greek numerals, table of, 167. gruner's _delectus dissertationum medicorum jenensium_, 116. guildhall library, card catalogue at, 63. haller's _collections of dissertations_, 115. _hampshire_ (_history of_), wrongly attributed to r. warner, 102. headings, author, rules for a small library, 235. ----other than author headings, 122. -------rules for a small library, 257. hilton's works on chronograms, 165. index of subjects, 191. ----to catalogue of athenaeum library, 196. -------of london library, 196. initials of authors as a heading, 145. ----rules for a small library, 237. jewett (c. c.), his rules for the smithsonian institution, 44. ---his scheme for stereotyping catalogue titles, 65. ----suggestion for size-notation, 172. jones (j. winter), one of committee for british museum rules, 26. ----his report on payne collier's catalogue titles, 39. ----on size-notation, 169. _journals_, cataloguing of, 224. ----extracts from, 210. ----and _transactions_, whether they shall be catalogued separately or together, 215. langbaine (gerard), his projected general catalogue, 6. latin names of places, 247-54. library association rules, 46. list _v._ catalogue, 1. liturgies, treatment of, 127. london institution catalogue, 15. madden (sir frederick) on the cataloguing of anonymous works, 137. manchester free library catalogue index, 196. manipulation rules for a small library, 245. manuscript catalogues for small private libraries, 70. "manuscripts, something about," 228-34. married women, their change of name, 99. ----rules for a small library, 236. married women, british museum rule, 100. ----cutter's rule, 99. ----library association rule, 99. medical and chirurgical society, catalogue of periodicals in the library, 214. ----index to catalogue of library, 196. name, change of, 97. ----british museum rule, 97. ----cambridge rule, 98. ----cutter's rule, 98. ----rules for a small library, 236. observations, astronomical and meteorological, cataloguing of, 226. o'donovan's (d.) catalogue of the library of the parliament of queensland, 17. official publications, 105. order of sub-entries, rules for a small library, 244. oriental names, treatment of, 95. ----rules for a small library, 236. oxford libraries, langbaine's projected catalogue of, 6. panizzi (sir anthony), his code of rules, 25. ----objection to print, 49. ----on a complete index of a library catalogue, 191. ----views as to the cataloguing of anonymous works, 134. -------convert the commissioners, 135. parry (john h.), one of committee for british museum rules, 26. ----in favour of print, 49. ----on the cataloguing of anonymous works, 136, 152. ----on dr. gray's suggestions for the british museum catalogue, 38. ----on an index of subjects, 196. pasting down a catalogue to be done by the librarian, 61. peers to be arranged under their titles, 88. ----bodleian rule, 89. ----british museum rules, 89. ----cambridge rules, 89. ----cutter's rule, 89. ----library association rule, 89. ----rules for small library, 236. "periodical publications" not a proper heading for journals alone, 213. periodicals, treatment of, 211. photo-bibliography, henry stevens's scheme, 66. place of publication, 163-64. ----rules for a small library, 239. places, latin names of, 247-54. poole (w. f.) on the difficulties of cataloguing, 13. praeses treated as the author of an academical dissertation, 106, 108. prefixes, treatment of, 80. ----british museum rule, 82. ----cambridge rules, 83. ----cutter's rule, 81. ----index society rule, 83. prefixes, library association rule, 82. ----rules for a small library, 235. print _v._ manuscript, 49, 73. pseudonyms, cataloguing under, 147. ----rules for small library, 236. publishers to supply catalogue slips of their books, 69. queensland, catalogue of the library of the parliament of, 17. references--british museum rules, 182. ----press-marks to, 183. ----different mode of referencing, 184. ----to be in english, 187. ----the title not necessarily to be copied, 187. ----not to be classified, 188. ----the word "see" can be omitted, 191. ----rules for a small library, 241. ----and subject index, 180-97. ---variety of, 181. registration office for books, 70. respondent as the author of an academical dissertation, 106. _richteri opuscula medica_, 118. robinson (otis) on card catalogues, 62. ----on co-operative cataloguing, 69. ----on misleading titles, 162. _roedereri_ (_j. g._) _opuscula medica_, 118. roman and greek names, 100. roy's (mr.) plan for pasting down british museum catalogue, 71. rules, battle of the, 25-48. ----for a small library, 235-46. ----good catalogues made before they were enunciated, 13. rye (w. b.) in favour of printing the british museum catalogue, 51. saints under their christian names, 91. ----rules for a small library, 236. scott's (sir walter) pseudonyms, 147. scudder's catalogue of scientific serials, 214-15. serials, treatment of, 211. size-notation, 168-78. ----measurements, 172. ----cambridge system, 173. ----bodleian plan, 177. ----committee of the library association on, 176. ----rules for a small library, 240. smithsonian institution scheme for stereotyping catalogue titles, 65. sovereigns, saints, and friars to be registered under their christian names, 91. ----british museum rule, 91. ----cambridge rule, 92. ----cutter's rule, 92. ----library association rule, 92. ----rules for a small library, 236. stanhope (earl) on the cataloguing of anonymous works, 138. stereotyping catalogue titles, jewett's scheme, 65. stevens (henry), his scheme of photo-bibliography, 66. stevens (henry), catalogue of the american books in the british museum, 43. stirling-maxwell (sir william), his adoption of jewett's suggestion for size-notation, 172. surgeon-general's office, united states army, index catalogue of the library of, 18. thompson's (mr. maunde) paper on the arrangement and preservation of manuscripts, 228. title, treatment of the, short or long, 153-63. ----rules for a small library, 238. title-page, how to treat a, 74. ----of rare books, reduced photographs of, 68. ----second, 161. titles, misleading, 102, 161. tomlinson (c.) on the cataloguing of anonymous works, 141. tracts not to be distinguished from books, 209. ----rules for a small library, 242. _transactions_, cataloguing of, 217. ----extracts from, 210. ----treatment of, 104. ----and _journals_, whether they should be catalogued separately or together, 215. translations, position of, in list of author's works, 206. trials, reports of, 122. ----british museum rule, 122. ----cutter's rule, 122. ----rules for a small library, 237. _trilleri opuscula_, 118. type, varieties of, in a catalogue, 64. voltaire or arouet, the disputed question of arrangement, 85. voyages, reports of, 127. ----under the name of the vessel, 128. ----rules for a small library, 237. warner's catalogue of dulwich mss., 233. watt's _bibliotheca britannica_, 193. watts (thomas), one of committee for british museum rules, 26. wheatley's (b. r.) paper on the authorship of academical dissertations, 105. ----plan for keeping a catalogue in print for years, 57. ----views on size-notation, 176. women, married, their change of name, 98. ----rules for a small library, 236. wrapper, catalogue title not to be taken from, 74. wrottesley (lord) on the cataloguing of anonymous works, 142. [decoration] * * * * * transcriber's note: punctuation and spelling were made consistent where obvious, as noted below. where there is not an obvious choice and unless noted, the forms found in the original have been retained. changes made in text: page xii: em-dash added "--manipulation (52)" page 84: acknowleged to acknowledged "an acknowledged principle" page 85: moliere to moliere "viz., voltaire and moliere;" page 106: the saurus to thesaurus "pritzel's thesaurus, hallers" page 139: 8' to 8vo "london, 1725. 8vo." page 140: double quote to single quote "following: 'the proceedings" page 157: spceulum to speculum ""speculum polytechnum mathematicum"..." page 157: full stop to ellipsis "corrected, and ... augmented" page 166: added opening quote before de ""de spiritali" page 167: added equal sign following i' and i_' "i_' = 10" and "i_' = 10,000" page 172: added comma following demy "copy, demy, medium" page 172: added comma following royal "royal, imperial, elephant," page 190: antient to ancient "vestiges of ancient manners" page 204: added " after thoughts "{ grave thoughts" page 220: deukschiften to denkschriften "_neue denkschriften_" page 221: gesamurten to gesammten "gesellschaft fuer die gesammten naturwissenschaften" page 221: konigl. to koenigl. ""koenigl. norweigche gesellschaft."" page 231: o to of "vivid idea of the exceeding" page 244: [205] to [203] at end of rule 44 page 244: [205] to [204] at end of rule 45 page 254: wurzburg to wuerzburg "_wirceburgum_, wuerzburg." page 256: jereme to jereme "his name printed "jereme"" page 262: smithsonia to smithsonian "the smithsonian institution, 44." page 267: army to army "united states army," smithsonia to smithsonian "the smithsonian institution, 44." page 267: army to army "united states army," thsonia to smithsonian "the smithsonian institution, 44." page 267: army to army "united states army," acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries deadlines: o rders for regular classified advertisem ents m ust reach the ac r l office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., septem ber 2 fo r the o ctober issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisem ents are $7.10 per line for institutions that are ac r l mem bers, $9.00 for others. late job notices are $17.25 per line for institutions that are ac rl m em bers, $20.50 for others. o rganizations subm itting ads will be charged according to their m em bership status. dis­ play ad rates range from $320 to $610 based upon size. please call fo r sizes and rates. guidelines: for ads that list an application deadline, we suggest th a t date be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in w hich the notice appears (e.g., o ctober 20 for the o ctober issue). all job announcem ents should include a salary range per policy of the am erican library association (ala). job announcem ents will be edited to exclude dis­ crim inatory references. applicants should be aware that the term s faculty rank and status vary in meaning am ong insti­ tutions. internet: c &rl n ew s classified ads are now accessible on the internet through the gopher server at the university of illinois at c hicago. ads will be placed on the gopher approxi­ m ately 2-3 w eeks before the printed edition o f c &rl news is published. to reach c &rl n ew sn et locate the university o f illinois at c hicago in the menu of all servers m aintained on gopher at the university of m innesota. alternatively, con­ nect yourfavoritegopherclientdirectly to host “gopher.uic.edu 70". s elect "the library" from the m enu and then select "c&rl n ew sn et" from the next menu. contact: jack helbig, classified advertising manager, c&rl n ewsclassified advertising department, acrl, am eri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611 2795; (312) 280-2513; fax: (312) 280-7663 or (312) 280­ 2520; e-mail: u21808@ u ic vm .uic.edu. policy: ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications or placem ent services com ply with ala anti-discrim ination policies. pol icy 54.3 states th a t “ala is com m itted to equality of opportunity for all library em plo y­ ees or applicants for em ploym ent, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or m ental handicap, individual life­ style, or national origin." by advertising through ala se r­ vices, the organization agrees to com ply with this policy. for sale are you up-to-date in your ancient classics hold­ ings? selene books has been offering since 1985 a good variety of ancient classics books. suitable for undergraduate/graduate use. included are useful introductions, the best scholarly translations, and attractive covers. for brochure, write: selene books, p.o. box 1475, hobbs, nm 88240. po sitio ns open access services librarian. tenure-track, 12-month faculty position, with primary managerial responsibility for circulation, re­ serve services, and stack maintenance. also participates in collection analysis and evaluation, and coverage at the reference desk. re­ quired qualifications: auvaccredited mls; additional advanced deresearch librarian high-technology engineering firm offers a research librarian position with manage­ ment opportunity. the experienced researcher will provide on-line searches, acquisitions, reference and document delivery services, as well as regular library/informauon handling operations for a technical staff of 40 engineers. longer term we want you to lead the growth and development of our library and its staff. this full-time position offers a competitive salary, excellent benefits and profit sharing. ba or mls and 2-3 years' relevant experience required. our location in hanover, nil offers exceptional quality of life in a rural, but cultured environment. interested applicants send resume to kelly koloski. personnel assistant creare inc., p.o. box 71. hanover. nh 03755. creare is an equal opportunity employer. ffreare gree; professional public services experience in an academic library. preferred qualifications: experience with automated circulation sys­ tems; managerial and supervisory experience; reference experience. salary $30,960 minimum, dependent on qualifications, with state benefits package. library faculty are evaluated for retention, promo­ tion, and tenure based on primary duties, research, and service. wiu is a comprehensive university enrolling 13,000 undergraduate and graduate students, in a small rural community. with over one million cataloged volumes, the library employs 16 faculty and over 40 support staff. application: send cover letter, resume, copies of transcripts, names and telephone numbers of three current references, and a one page statement of your philosophy of public sen/ice to: cindy johnson, university library, 1 university circle, western illin o is university, macomb, il 61455-1390. review of applications will begin may 15, 1995, and continue until an appointment is made. anticipated starting date is august 1995. western illinois university is an aa/eo employer and has a strong institutional commitment to diversity. in that spirit we are particularly interested in receiving applications from a broad spectrum of people, including women, minorities, and persons with disabilities. associate director for collection development. li­ brarian v. university of massachusetts, amherst. plan, organize, direct, and control the collection development activities of the univer­ sity library system, including selection of all library materials to be acquired, either through purchase or gift. act as liaison with friends of the library organization and serve as secretary-treasurer. qualifica­ tions: professional degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school, or equivalent. master’s or ph.d. degree in another subject. working knowledge of at least one modern european lan­ guage. a minimum of seven years of progressively more responsible experience in collection development in a research library similar to that of the university of massachusetts, amherst, at least three of which should be as a full-time senior selection officer/bibliographer. also, additional experience with other library functions, such as acquisitions, in a research library, with a minimum of three years of successful supervisory experience either in collection development or in other library areas. thorough knowledge of publishing and book trade on national and international level. understanding of affirmative may 19qs/355 the classified ads mailto:u21808@uicvm.uic.edu 3 5 6 /c&rl news academic resident librarian program, 1995– 1996 university of illinois library urbana, illinois program description: the library of the university of illinois (u-c) seeks candidates for its academic resident librarian program to serve one-year post-graduate appointments in the university library system. appointments may be renewed for a second year. the program offers a beginning professional experience in an academic research library, supplemented with lectures, workshops, and library visits. the university of illinois library offers special opportunities to librarians planning a career in academic librarianship. it has a decentralized system of 45 college and departmental libraries organized in nine subject divisions. all librarians are faculty and must meet university requirements for promotion and tenure, including research, publication, and service. the library of the university of illinois has holdings of more than eight million volumes, with strengths in many areas ranging from hard sciences to the humanities. the library was selected in 1994 by the national science foundation as one of six sites for research on the digital library of the future. academic resident librarians will be assigned to a library or unit and given work assignments appropriate for an introductory academic library experience. placements are available throughout the subject divisions, central public services, and technical services. residents also work as a group on project assignments and participate in library committee or task force work. a travel allowance is provided for participation in scholarly and professional associations. the university library has astrong tradition of research and scholarship, and each resident is expected to develop and complete one project suitable for publication. minimum qualifications: applicants must be recent mls graduates from an ala-accredited library school with a graduate date of spring 1994 or later. applicants must demonstrate interest in a career in academ ic librarianship, and the promise of substantive scholarly activity. applicants must demonstrate creativity and innovation in a work experience, and give evident of the ability to persevere with a project or task to completion. excellent oral and written communication skills and the ability to work effectively with all levels of staff and with a variety of library users are required. knowledge or experience with electronic information technology and cd-rom, online, and internet electronic resources is desirable. salary/appointment: three to five academ ic resident librarians will be selected, with appointment as visiting assistant professor of library administration and an annual salary of $27,000. appointments begin august 21‚ 1995. application/deadline: send letter of application and complete resume with the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of five references, by may 31‚ 1995, to: a. g. dries university of illinois library (u-c) 1408 w. gregory dr. urbana, il 61801 phone: (217) 333-5494 a a /e e o employer. action principles and ability to translate them into general policies affecting a diverse clientele and workforce. salary: commensurate with qualifications. applicants should send a brief letter of interest, resume, and the names of three references, by may 31‚ 1995, to: associate director search, c/o library business office, university of massachusetts library, box 34710, amherst, ma 01003. the univer­ sity of massachusetts is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cataloger, monographs/slavic bibliographer. a ten ure-track faculty position reporting to the principal cataloger. primary jo b duties include performing original and some complex copy cataloging of monographs representing a variety of formats, lan­ guages, subjects, and levels of difficulty, and selection of materials in the areas of slavic languages and literature and slavic studies. cataloging is performed on oclc and on innovative interfaces for inclusion in the local system. standards in use include aacr2, lcsh, and lc classification. monographic catalogers participate in naco, nccp, and oclc enhance. significant parts of the responsibilities for this position are research and creative work and service, in keeping with the tenure standards of the university of colorado at boulder. requirements: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school, with course work in cataloging and technical services; bibliographic knowledge of slavic (roman and non-roman) languages; knowledge of marc bibliographic and authorities formats; potential for research and scholarly/professional achievement. desirable qualifications: knowledge of other european languages, preferably german or spanish; cataloging or cataloging-related experience, preferably in a research library; experience with a variety of materials formats; experience with naco, nccp, and enhance; experience with materials selection in slavic languages and literature. salary range: $26,000–$30,000. preference for this 12-month tenure-track, ap­ pointment will be given to candidates at the assistant professor rank but candidates at all levels will be considered. faculty perequisites include support for scholarly/professional activity, retirement plans, and liberal vacation and sick leave benefits. applications received by june 1‚ 1995, will receive fullest consideration. send letter of applica­ tion specifically addressing qualifications for the position; resume; and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: joan s. mcconkey, associate director for administrative ser­ vices, university libraries, university of colorado at boulder, boulder, co 80309-0184. the university of colorado at boulder may 1 9 9 5 /3 5 7 strongly supports the principle of diversity. we are particularly inter­ ested in receiving applications from women, ethnic minorities, dis­ abled persons, veterans, and veterans of the vietnam era. chief librarian. faculty position—associate or full professor. john jay college of criminal justice, a senior liberal arts college of the city university of new york, invites applications and nominations for the position of chief librarian. the chief librarian has primary responsibility for the administration, planning, and development of the lloyd george sealy library; supervises a professional staff of 14 library faculty and a support staff of 30; and represents the library on major committees. john jay college, located a block from lincoln center, enrolls 10,000 students in undergraduate and graduate pro­ grams in criminal justice, public administration, fire science, and related disciplines, and is the home campus for the city university’s phd program in criminal justice. the library’s collection comprises 200,000 volumes, and 2,400 serial subscriptions. the library partici­ pates in the university’s integrated library system (notis) and has a local area network with connections to the internet. candidates should have a master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school, a second master’s degree or ph.d., and substantial experience in library operations and administration. applicants must demonstrate commit­ ment to research and education in an open-access university and skill in working with staff, faculty, and students in a multicultural community. knowledge of automated systems and networking is vital. appoint­ ment will be at the rank of associate professor ($39,003 to $62,394) or full professor ($48,414 to $74,980) plus rem ($7,670) on a tenure bearing track. a letter of application, a curriculum vitae, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references should be postmarked no later than may 31, 1995. the review process will commence as applications are received. address applications to: barbara raffel price, chair, chief librarian search committee, john jay college of criminal justice, 899 tenth ave., new york, ny 10019. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. college librarian. lake forest college invites nominations and applications fo r the position of college librarian. the librarian will be responsible for management of the library and for the further develop­ ment of the library’s central role in the academic life of the college. the librarian will guide and oversee substantial operational changes and plans for renovation and expansion, currently in the early stages of development. the librarian will also provide liaison and effective communication with state, regional, and national groups as appropri­ ate. specific responsibilities include overall planning, budgeting, collection development, library automation, facilities, and extensive interactions with campus computing and other departments. an ideal candidate should bring the following: ala-accredited mls plus second master’s degree, although an earned ph.d. is preferred; a minimum of five years relevant administrative experience in academic libraries; broad knowledge of academic library operations and issues; demonstrated leadership qualities; organizational, budgeting, plan­ ning, and management skills; excellent oral, written, and interper­ sonal skills; understanding of scholarly use of library resources and services; strong analytical skills and problem-solving abilities; profes­ sional vision and comprehensive current knowledge of developments in technology and telecommunication for information access and delivery; evidence of participation in professional associations and agencies. salary is competitive and will be commensurate with qualifications and experience. lake forest college is an equal opportunity employer. applications from women and minorities are actively encouraged. the college librarian reports to the provost and dean of the faculty. the donnelley library is currently housed in a three-level, 45,000-square-foot building. holdings include approxi­ mately 275,000 volumes and 120,000 government documents, with 1,300 periodical subscriptions. the library participates vigorously in a statewide library system (lllinet online), sharing resources with 45 academic institutions. the library also belongs to the 70-library oberlin group colleges. lake forest college, founded in 1857, is an independent coeducational liberal arts college with an enrollment of about 1,000 students, located in the historic chicago suburb of lake salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for governmental agencies that employ librarians. the recommendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommendations for minimum salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recom­ mended minimums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15, 1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel resources. connecticut $28,900 delaware $22,500+ illinois $27,400# indiana varies* iowa $21,588 louisiana $22,000 maine varies* massachusetts $27,554* new jersey $30,128 new york varies* north carolina $24,367+ ohio $25,198+ pennsylvania $23,700* rhode island $28,000 south carolina varies* south dakota $20,000 texas $25,000 vermont $23,846 west virginia $22,000 wisconsin $25,830 *ratherthan establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. +salary minimums for public librarians only. #option for local formula. 3 5 8 /c & r l news physics/astronomy librarian university of illinois library urbana, illinois responsibilities: the physics/astronomy librarian is responsible for the administration of the physics/astronomy library, staff supervi­ sion, budgeting, reference and information ser­ vices, cataloging, collection development, and fo r the application of new technologies and other services identified to meet the needs of the faculty, students, and others using the collec­ tion. in addition, the librarian maintains a strong working relationship with the faculty in the de­ partment of physics and the department of astronomy, the library administration and fac­ ulty, and the faculty of other related units. the library has a working collection of approximately 40,000 volumes, including over 750 serial titles. the staff consists of the librarian, two support staff, and student assistants. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school, or its equiva­ lent. minimum three years of professional aca­ demic, research, or special library experience with increasing responsibility, and including experience in public services, supervision, and administration. knowledge of the literature of physical sciences and/or engineering and the needs of researchers. familiarity with ele­ ctronic resources in the physical sciences. abil­ ity to provide services to a diverse research oriented clientele. evidence of ability to meet university standards of research, publication, and service. preferred: experience in collec­ tion development, cataloging, reference, and user education. familiarity with automated in­ formation systems and services. desired: un­ dergraduate degree in physical sciences. salary and rank: salary commensurate with experience and qualifications, with a mini­ mum of $33,000 for appointment as associate professor. appointment of assistant professor with tenure will be considered depending on qualifications, experience, and scholarly cre­ dentials. application/deadline: send letter of ap­ plication and complete resume with the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of five refer­ ences, by may 20, 1995, to: a. g. dries university of illinois library (u-c) 1408 w. gregory dr. urbana, il 61801 phone: (217) 333-5494 a a /e e o employer. forest, illinois, approximately 30 miles north of the loop. review of applications will begin august 15, 1995, and will continue until an appointment is made, with appointment anticipated by january 1996. interested candidates are encouraged to meet with lake forest college representative at the ala conference in june in chicago. submit letter of application, resume, and three letters of recommen­ dation to: steven p. galovich, provost and dean of the faculty, lake forest college, 555 north sheridan rd., lake forest, il 60045. director of library services. slippery rock university, in western pennsylvania, is a predominately undergraduate institution of 7,500 students. services are provided from collections of 410,000 volumes, 340,000 government documents, and 1.2 million microform items. an instructional materials center houses 90,000 av items and extensive collections of textbooks and juvenile and young adult materials. notis automated systems (with mdas) and online and cd-rom resources. director is responsible for management of total library operations and serves as library advocate on and off campus. requires ala-accredited master's degree (with additional academic credentials strongly preferred); minimum five years progressively responsible administrative academic library experience, which in­ cludes an understanding of computer technology applications; dem­ onstrated communication, management, and personnel skills; ability to effectively balance traditional library services with emerging infor­ mation technology. salary range $47,823–$71,735, with excellent fringe benefit package. applications accepted until position is filled. initial review begins april 20,1995. send letter of application, resume, and supporting documentation to: louis razzano, associate provost, slippery rock university, slippery rock, pa 16057; phone: (412) 738-2001; fax: (412) 738-2918. for complete listing of responsibilities and requirements, contact via e-mail: hef@sruvm.sru.edu. slippery rock university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. electronic resources librarian. cabot science library. under the direction of the head of collections and systems services, plans and develops delivery systems for electronic resources sup­ porting research and instruction in the sciences; provides systems support for the administrative, technical, collections, circulation, and reference services in the cabot science library; supports the hcl automation team in maintaining systems activities in cabot; and stimulates and helps implement common developments among the faculty of arts and sciences science libraries. monitors and analyzes developments in the electronic delivery of scientific information in order to identify, evaluate, and recommend resources to meet infor­ mation needs in the sciences, to assess technical and financial feasibility, and to recommend strategy. expected to make a significant contribution to team decision-making regarding new applications and to implement strategies developed. collaborates as appropriate with harvard college library and university units such as hcl automation, fas computer services, and fas science library staff. works closely with reference and instructional staff in cabot and other library units to provide training to users of new applications. serves as focal point for hardware and software support in cabot, including performing local trouble shooting, and as primary contact with external technical support. qualifications: mls or equivalent experience required. di­ rectly relevant experience in libraries or related environments and demonstrated skill in planning and executing library applications required. experience with library information technology applications, especially familiarity with dos/windows operating systems, running networked microcomputers, required. understanding local area net­ works and client/server architecture desired. ability to work in a team based environment and to collaborate with others in setting goals and solving problems essential. effective communication and interper­ sonal skills essential. flexibility and versatility required in order to contribute to an evolving work situation. available: immediately. compensation: appointment salary depending on qualifications and experience; $31,400 per year, minimum. major benefits include 20 days vacation per year; generous holiday and sick leave; choice of health plans; life insurance; disability benefits; university-funded pension plan; tuition assistance; child care scholarships. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. please submit a letter of application addressing qualifications, resume, and the names of three references to: hazel c. stamps, director of personnel services, harvard college library, widener 188, cambridge, ma 02138. harvard university upholds a commitment to affirmative action and equal employment opportunity. engineering and physical sciences librarian. the uni­ versity of new hampshire invites applications for an engineering and physical sciences librarian. this is a 12-month, tenure-track posi­ tion with appointment at the rank of assistant professor. the success­ ful candidate will be expected to meet university reappointment, mailto:hef@sruvm.sru.edu may 1 9 9 5 /3 5 9 oklahom a state un iv ersity is a land grant university offering 44 doctoral degree programs. a member o f arl, the library contains 2.6 million volumes. its online catalog (notis) includes periodical abstracts, news­ pa per abstracts, abi/in fo r m and isi's current contents. peri­ odical abstracts and abi/in fo r m are linked to umi's power pages providing full image articles for 800+ titles. the online catalog provides z39.50 links to several firstsearch databases and to other library catalogs. a cd-rom network provides access to more than 20 databases. public internet worksta­ tions will be added this summer. a s s i s t a n t h e a d h u m a n i t i e s & s o c i a l s c i e n c e s r e f e r e n c e d i v i s i o n tenure track. the humanities & social sciences reference division includes 9 librarians. responsibility: participates in the management and long range planning of the division; devel­ ops training and continuing education activities; assists in recruitment, development and evaluation of the division's library faculty and staff; coordinates instruction; assists in providing general refer­ ence service; participates in user education programs; fulfills collection management and faculty liaison functions; serves on library committees as needed; other duties as assigned. qualifications: required: ala-mls. four years post-mls reference experience in an academic or large public library; a record of providing excellent service; the ability to project a friendly, interested attitude when working at the reference desk; ability to work effectively with individuals with diverse backgrounds; demonstrated excellent communication, organizational and teaching skills; familiarity with print and electronic resources; the ability to work well under pressure and to meet deadlines; demonstrated experience successfully developing and completing projects. de­ sired: degree o r experience in business or economics; active participation in state or national professional organizations; supervisory experience. salary: $27,000 to $33,000 for 11 months. benefits: social security; free health, accident and life insurance; oklahoma teacher's retirement and tiaa/cref; 11 holidays. deadline: review o f applications begins june 1 and continues until the positions are filled. for full consideration send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses (if available) of three references to: mrs. jackie german, senior administrative associate, edmon low library, oklahoma state university, stillwater, o k 74078-0375 or e-mail to: jackie@okway.okstate.edu telephone: (405) 744-6324. promotion, and tenure requirements. responsibilities: manages three branch libraries (engineering/mathematics/computer science, phys­ ics, and chemistry) totaling approximately 90,000 volumes and 1,000 periodical titles. supervises branch library staff, allocates resources, and establishes branch plans and services. provides online database searching, bibliographic instruction, current awareness and in-depth reference services. serves as collection development liaison with academic departments in relevant areas. participates in service desk coverage as needed. reports to head, science and engineering branch libraries. qualifications: requires ala-accredited master’s degree. academic degree in physical sciences, engineering, or math­ ematics highly desirable, master’s preferred. experience in branch libraries highly desirable. experience with computers, automation, cd-rom and online searching, and internet resources desirable. must be able to work and communicate effectively with faculty, students, and library staff. commitment to providing excellent library service. application deadline: applications will be reviewed immedi­ ately and accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three refer ences to: diane r. tebbetts, associate university librarian, univer­ sity of new hampshire library, 18 library way, durham, nh 038243592. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. unh is an aa eeo employer. head of cataloging. incumbent has overall responsibility for the maintenance and quality control of library’s online dobis database. incumbent establishes policies, goals and objectives in consultation with the director of libraries; supervises and trains support staff; and supervises or performs other duties such as cataloging books and nonbook materials. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls. second master’s degree desirable. sound knowledge of one or more european languages required. cataloging experience in academic library and familiarity with lc authority files, marc formats, auto­ mated catalog procedures and bibliographic utilities required. appoint­ ment with faculty rank, status, and benefits. salary dependent on qualifications and experience. letter of application, resume, and names of three references will be accepted at university of southwest­ ern louisiana through may 31, 1995, or until position is filled, and should be addressed to: gloria s. cline, interim director of libraries, edith garland dupre library, the university of southwestern loui­ siana, usl box 40199, lafayette, la 70504. the university of southwestern louisiana is an equal employment opportunity affirma­ ­ tive action employer. head of public services. the stevens-german library of / hartwick college is seeking a head of public services to oversee and manage its reference, bibliographic instruction, interlibrary loan, and mailto:jackie@okway.okstate.edu 3 6 0 /c & r l news japanese studies librarian university of illinois library urbana, illinois responsibilities: under the direction of the head of the asian library, the incumbent is re­ sponsible for selection, acquisition, collection de­ velopment, and management of japanese-lan guage material; provides bibliographic instruction and references service to users of the japanese collection; performs original cataloging for japa nese-language materials; assists in cataloging w estern-language materials on asia; supervises japanese studies library support staff; serves as liaison with japanese studies faculty and stu­ dents. depending upon departmental needs and qualifications of the successful candidate, duties may include coordinating public services opera­ tions and participating in other professional activi­ ties as required. qualifications: required: mls from an ala accredited library school or its equivalent; demon­ strated reading proficiency in classical and mod­ em japanese; knowledge of or experience with aacr2, lcsh, lc, and dewey classification schemes; good english and japanese-language communication skills; ability to work effectively with a research-oriented faculty and student body; ability to work in a collegial environment; evidence of research orientation and ability to meet univer­ sity requirements of promotion and tenure. pre­ ferred: familiarity with publishing industry in ja­ pan and book trade concerning japanese-lan guage material; experience in an academic or research library, with directly related experience in japanese studies; familiarity with japanese bib­ liographic and reference tools; collection develop­ ment/management experience; experience with major bibliographic utilities, preferably with oclc cjk; supervisory experience. desired: strong aca­ demic background in japanese or asian studies; knowledge of electronic sources and networks. salary and rank: salary for this position is $37,000 upward for appointment as assistant professor. salary is dependent on qualifications, experience, and scholarly credentials. application/deadline: send letter of appli­ cation and complete resume with the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of five refer­ ences, by june 15,1995, to: a. g. dries university of illinois library (u-c) 1408 w. gregory dr. urbana, il 61801 phone: (217) 333-5494 a a /e e o employer. circulation functions. this position concentrates on bibliographic instruction, using both traditional methods and skills and newer networked services and techniques; reference services, integrating electronic resources with local print resources; consultation in the use of remote databases and services to departments; and in reference collection development activities. this person will share evening and weekend duties with two full-time and two part-time professionals. requirements include an accredited mls, a second master’s degree, and five or more years of appropriate public services experience in an academic library. the successful candidate must have excellent oral and written communication skills and must evidence excellent inter­ personal and personnel skills. it is expected that candidates will have experience in using and in teaching online resources and internet sen/ices and will work to develop and publicize resources and approaches for the library’s user population. this is a 12-month administrative position. salary is commensurate with experience, and we offer excellent benefits. hartwick college, a selective liberal arts college of 1,435 students, is located in south-central new york state. the library holds 270,000 volumes and subscribes to 1,046 periodi­ cals and newspapers, is fully automated, has a staff of 19 fte, and is fully accessible via a campus network. letters of application, including a resume and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of five references, should be sent to: robert danford, college librarian and director, stevens-german library, hartwick college, oneonta, ny 13820; e-mail: danfordr@hartwick.edu; phone: (607) 431-4449. review of applications will begin may 23,1995, and will continue until the appointment is made. proposed starting date is august 1, 1995. hartwick college is an equal opportunity employer. members of underrepresented groups are encouraged to apply. head ofscienceandengineering reference services. university of minnesota libraries invites applications for the position of head of science and engineering reference services. under the general direction of the associate university librarian for public services, this position provides leadership and direction for all reference and information sen/ices in the science and engineering library and supports the public service activities of the mathematics library and the architecture and landscape architecture library. during a period of rapid technological change and reorganization in the university libraries, the head of reference will provide leadership in defining and implementing new service programs to effectively support the science and engineering library division. responsibili­ ties include the following: collaborate and participate with unit staff to plan and implement reference and computer-based information ser­ vices and user education; coordinate and manage the work of the unit and the activities of five science reference librarians; sen/e as a member of the public services division management team and the public services advisory committee; and may perform collection development in an appropriate science or engineering field. required qualifications include the following: (1) ala-accredited master’s degree; (2) minimum five years professional experience in science or engineering reference, with increasing management experience; (3) excellent interpersonal, management, organizational, and oral and written communication skills; (4) knowledge of trends and issues in information services for science and technology; (5) strong commit­ ment to experimentation and change, and ability to work in a rapidly changing, complex environment; (6) knowledge of automated infor­ mation resources and access systems; (7) evidence of professional growth, demonstrated by publications, committee work, and other contributions. other desirable qualifications include the following: (1) subject expertise in one of the following sciences: physics, chemistry, engineering, or geology/geophysics; (2) experience in a large aca­ demic library. the science and engineering library division, consist­ ing of the science and engineering library, the mathematics library, and the architecture and landscape architecture library, provides information resources and services to the students, faculty, and staff of the institute of technology (it) and the college of architecture and landscape architecture (cala). the collection consists of over 400,000 volumes, 4,000 journal subscriptions, a 12,000-volume reference collection, plus extensive technical reports and industry standards collections. reference service offers access to a full range of scientific and technical online and cd-rom databases, a univer­ sity libraries gopher, and the notis-based online catalog and other circulation systems databases. as the state’s premier resource for scientific and technological literature, the division also provides services and resources to a diverse community of library users in the local business community, independent researchers, and consult­ ants. the head of science and engineering reference position is a 12-month academic/professional position, with a probationary ap­ pointment at assistant or associate librarian rank, depending upon qualifications. it is expected that the appointee will fulfill requirements for continuous appointment. minimum salary for the position is mailto:danfordr@hartwick.edu may 1995/361 o klahom a state u n iv ersity is a land grant university offering 44 doctoral degree programs. a member of arl, the library contains 2.6 million volumes. its online catalog (notis) includes periodical abstracts, newspa­ p e r abstracts, a bi/in fo r m and isi's current contents. peri­ odical abstracts and a bi/in fo r m are linked to umi's power pages providing full image articles for 800+ titles. the online catalog provides z39.s0 links to several firstsearch databases and to other library catalogs. a cd-rom network provides access to more than 20 databases. public internet worksta­ tions will be added this summer. ■ d o c u m e n t s l ib r a r i a n tenure track. the documents department includes 8 librarians and 6 support staff and is a regional depository and a u.s. patent and trademark depository. responsibilities: position combines reference and cataloging duties including: catalogs and clas­ sifies government publications; assists in database maintenance for the opac; serves at the docu­ ments reference desk; assists users with legal reference sources; provides instruction on the use of print and electronic resources; serves on library committees as needed. other duties as assigned. qualifications: required: ala-mls. demonstrated experience working with gpo/oclc marc records and aacr2; a record o f providing excellent service; excellent communication skills; ability to work effectively with individuals with diverse backgrounds; demonstrated familiarity with print and electronic government information resources; and ability to work well under pressure and to meet deadlines. desired: three years post-mls experience working with government information resources in an academic or large public library; experience using the internet in providing refer­ ence service; library instruction experience; familiarity with legal reference sources; active partici­ pation in state or national professional organizations. ■ p a t e n t a n d t r a d e m a r k l ib r a r i a n tenure track. the patent and trademark library (ptl) is a unit o f the documents department. the ptl is an aps site. it is staffed with 2 librarians, 2 support staff, and 1.0 fte student assistants. responsibilities: reports to the head, patent and trademark library (ptl) and provides patent, trademark and copyright search assistance; assists with the management and long-range planning; participates in instruction and outreach activities; serves on library committees as needed; other duties as assigned. qualifications: required: ala-mls. experience patents and trademarks; a record of excellent service; ability to work effectively with individuals with diverse backgrounds; ability to work under pressure and to meet deadlines; excellent communication skills. desired: three years post-mls experience working with government publications, engineering resources or legal reference materials. ■ f o r b o t h p o s i t i o n s salaries: $25,000 to $30,000 for 11 months. salary and academic rank dependent upon qualifica­ tions and prior experience. benefits: social security; free health, accident and life insurance; oklahoma teacher's retirement and tiaa/cref; 11 holidays. deadline: review of applications begins june 1 and continues until the positions are filled. for full consideration send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, telephone numbers, and e-mail addresses (if available) of three references to: mrs. jackie german, senior administrative associate, edmon low library, oklahoma state university, stillwater, ok 74078-0375 or e-mail to: jackie@okway.okstate.edu telephone: (405) 744-6324. mailto:jackie@okway.okstate.edu 3 6 2 /c&rl news head, kresge physical sciences library dartmouth college library hanover, new hampshire the dartmouth college library seeks a dynamic librarian to lead the kresge physical sciences library and cook mathematics library staff in providing information services to th e faculty and students in a time of technological change. responsibilities: reporting to the director of user services, the physical sciences librarian is responsible for the total operation of the kresge physical sciences library and the cook mathematics library including budgeting, staffing, collection development, and reference services in an innovative and technically sophisticated environment utilizing the dartmouth online catalog, the campuswide information system (dcis), rlin, and oclc. develops an effective working rapport with the faculty of the physical sciences and mathematics and plans and implements a library program corresponding to their needs. services provided includes bibliographic instruction and user education; online searching using dialog, stn, and cd-rom systems; consultation with faculty to determine instructional and research interests; preservation of library materials; and collection m anagement and development. qualifications: alaaccreditied mls; educational background in the physical sciences; and a minimum of five years post-mls experience in an academic or special library, with at least two years of supervisory experience. effective communications, interpersonal, and problem-solving skills; ability to w o rk collegially in small group and team environments; strong reference and online searching skills; familiarity with use and application of m icrocomputers in a networked environment. rank and salary: rank and salary comm ensurate with experience and qualifications, with a minimum salary of $40,000 for librarian iii. full benefits package, including 22 vacation days, comprehensive health care, tiaa/cref, and relocation assistance. dartmouth college information: world wide web: http://www.dartmouth.edu application: applications received by june 2,1995, will be given first consideration; applications will be considered until the position is filled. please send resume to: phyllis e. jaynes director of user services 115 baker library hanover, nh 03755 dartm outh c ollege is an aa/eeo , m /f employer. $35,000. applicants should send a letter of application discussing background and experience relating to the above description, a current resume, and the names, addresses, telephone numbers and e-mail addresses of three references to: linda debeau-melting, university of minnesota, libraries human resources officer, uni­ versity libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 19th ave. south, minneapo­ lis, mn 55455. candidates interviewed will be asked to make a public presentation discussing trends in access to scientific information. application must be postmarked by may 31, 1995. please identify application with the number ul 43. the university of minnesota is committed to the policy that all persons shall have equal access to its programs, facilities, and employment without regard to race, color, creed, religion, national origin, sex, age, marital status, disability, public assistance status, veteran status, or sexual orientation. ibero american team leader librarian. university of new mexico general library. cataloging team leader for ibero-american materials. the university of new mexico is seeking experienced applicants for the position of ibero-american cataloging team leader. the team leader directs the operations of the ibero-american cataloging team, supervises four library specialists, and reports to the head of the catalog department. duties include the following: is responsible for original cataloging and complex member input catalog­ ing of monographs in spanish and portuguese. performs related authority work, contributing most headings to the lc name authority file. participates in cooperative cataloging projects with national re­ sponsibility. serves as a member of the catalog department team leader group in formulating policies and procedures for the depart­ ment. may be assigned collection development responsibility in one or more subject fields. works closely with the library’s latin american/ iberian group. education and experience: required: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited program. at least three years relevant post-mls experience. experience with aacr2r, lcri, lc classification and subject headings, oclc or rlin, and usmarc formats. strong reading knowledge of spanish, with working knowl­ edge of portuguese. supervisory experience with an emphasis on a flexible management style that encourages individual initiative as well as team work. demonstrated training skills. effective written and oral communication skills. desirable: experience with oclc in an aca­ demic or major research library. experience with naco. advanced http://www.dartmouth.edu may 1 995/363 assistant university librarian for collection management northwestern university library northwestern university library invites applications and nominations for the position of assistant university librarian for collection management. responsibilities: provides leadership and direction for all aspects of collection management at northwestern university library (excluding the health sciences and law libraries). the collection management division includes five subject bibliographers, the melville j. herskovits library of african studies, music library, transportation library, preservation department, special collections depart­ ment, and university archives. the division includes 26.5 fte professional staff and 21.5 fte support staff. northwestern university library has a collection budget in excess of $4 million. coordinates selection policy, including the activities of selectors outside the division. allocates collection funds, plans and prepares budget documents. plays an active role in the interdivisional administration of electronic resources. participates in fundraising activities of the library. promotes communication and cooperation among all departments and individuals involved in collection management. fosters effective communication with faculty. represents the library in cooperative interinstitutional planning for collection management. serves on the administrative committee, the university librarian’s cabinet, in carrying out the mission of the library. participates in the library management council, a policy-making forum for department heads and senior management. represents the library throughout the university and the profession in collection-related matters. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school or international equivalent required. additional advanced degree strongly preferred. minimum of seven years of increasing responsibility in an academic or research library is required. demonstrated achievement in managing collection activities. supervisory experience and commitment to staff development. excellent communication and interpersonal skills. strong record of promoting cooperative and collaborative efforts among library units. knowledge of and experience with information technology, automation, and networking in providing innovative collection management services. active involvement in professional and scholarly activities. fundraising and grant writing experience desired. salary: $65,000 minimum. send letter of application and resume, including the names and addresses of three references, to: peter devlin personnel librarian northwestern university library evanston, il 60208-2300. applications must be received by june 30,1995. northw estern university is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. hiring is contingent upon eligibility to w ork in the u nited states. degree in latin american/iberian language or area studies. collection development experience. grant writing experience. record of profes­ sional service and publications. as a tenure-track faculty member, the incumbent in the position will comply with the policies of the faculty handbook, including research, publication, and service to the profes­ sion, the university, and the community. salary: negotiable from $35,000, based on qualifications. applications: submit a resume (including addresses and telephone numbers for at least three refer­ ences) and a letter describing the strengths you would bring to this position to: rita critchfield, university of new mexico, general library, albuquerque, nm 87131-1466. deadline: complete applica­ tions must be received by june 9 , 1995. the university of new mexico is an equal employment opportunity, affirmative action employer. information services librarian. rensselaer polytechnic institute libraries seeks a creative, innovative librarian who enjoys working in a rapidly changing, computer-intensive environment and is dedicated to applying information technologies to developing user self-sufficiency. responsibilities include: assisting in the development of a networked library instruction program with special emphasis on multimedia tools and other emerging technologies; conducting specialized training sessions for students and faculty on retrieving information in a variety of formats from internal and external sources; participating in the planning, development, and implementation of information services including reference and specialized consulting services; selecting and maintaining print and electronic resources supporting research and teaching for assigned disciplinary areas; providing liaison with departments and faculty; participating in library and campuswide committees, task forces, and activities; contributing to the profession at large through association activities, conducting and reporting research, and continuing education; additional activities according to individual strengths and experience. qualifications: ala accredited mls; minimum three years relevant work experience in libraries; demonstrated knowledge of traditional and computer-based information resources, instructional technologies, and internet re­ sources; record of effective oral and written communication skills; ability to work in a rapidly changing environment and as part of cross­ functional teams; experience with creating www, mosaic, html resources preferred. salary is $30,000 minimum, dependent upon qualifications and experience. application review will begin may 31 ‚ 3 6 4 / c&rl news business administration and engineering sciences reference librarian dartmouth college library hanover, new hampshire the dartmouth college library seeks a dynamic reference librarian for the feldberg business and engineering library, which serves the amos tuck school of business and the thayer school of engineering. responsibilities: reporting to the business and engineering librarian, works as a member of an information services team providing reference services in an innovative and technically sophisticated environment utilizing the dartmouth online catalog, the campus-wide information system (dcis), rlin, and oclc. services provided include reference, document delivery, user education, online searching, consultation with faculty to determine instructional and research interests, and collection management and development. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; educational background in the social sciences or engineering; and a minimum of two years post-mls experience in an academic or special library. the successful candidate will have strong interpersonal skills; ability to work collegially in small group and team environments; strong reference and online searching skills; familiarity with use and application of microcom­ puters in a networked environment; and experience with using business and technical online services. rank and salary: rank and salary commensurate with experience and qualifications, with a minimum salary of $27,000 for librarian i or $29,000 for librarian ii. full benefits package, including 22 vacation days; comprehensive health care, tiaa/cref, and relocation assistance. dartmouth college information: world-wide web: http://www.dartmouth.edu/ application: applications received by june 2,1995, will be given first consideration; applications will be considered until the position is filled. please send resume to: phyllis e. jaynes director of user services 115 baker library hanover, nh 03755 dartm outh college is an aa/eeo, m /f employer. 1995. send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: loretta caren ebert, director of libraries, folsom library, rensselaer polytechnic institute, troy, ny 12180. rensselaer is an aa/eeo employer. applications of minorities and women are particularly encouraged. instructional technology librarian. the cline library at northern arizona university invites applications for instructional technology librarian, senior. under the supervision of the head of media services, coordinates access to electronic media resources, including catalogs, full-text and numeric files, and multimedia. deter­ mines and prioritizes staff training needs; resolves technical problems in the use of electronic information resources, or refers them appropri­ ately to others for resolution; assists in the integration of new technologies and new approaches to the delivery of media, locally, and at distance learning sites; provides leadership and supervision in the daily delivery of media sen/ices to faculty, students, and other library users. supervises staff. minimum qualifications: required: ala accredited mls or master's degree in instructional technology; demon­ strated successful experience in applying instructional technology and multimedia in support of academic library user services; training experience with the internet, opacs, multimedia workstations, and other electronic resources; familiarity with media management sys­ tems; evidence of excellent oral and written communication skills; ability to represent the library in distance education initiatives; effective supervisory and interpersonal skills. desired: an understanding of trends in academic libraries and the electronic delivery of information; experience with current trends in library support of distance education. send resume, letter of application, and the names and addresses of three references to: emily s. hill, department head, media services, cline library, northern arizona university, box 6022, flagstaff, az 86011; e-mail: esh@a1.ucc.nau.edu. the closing date for receiving applications is june 30,1995. northern arizona university is commit­ ted to equal opportunity, affirmative action; minorities, women, per­ sons with disabilities, and veterans are encouraged to apply. interlibrary loan librarian. widener library. the harvard college library seeks a flexible and versatile individual to be respon­ sible for daily operations of the interlibrary loan division in the widener library. reporting to the librarian for information and docu­ ment delivery services, manages borrowing and lending activities, including photocopy requests, received from patrons and from other libraries through the oclc ill subsystem. hires, trains, schedules, supervises and evaluates the ill division staff, which includes four http://www.dartmouth.edu/ mailto:esh@a1.ucc.nau.edu may 1 9 9 5 /3 6 5 data ser vices/reference librarian data services/reference librarian: the university o f m issouri-c olum bia is seeking qualified applicants for the position o f d ata services/r eference l ibrarian. principal duties include responsibility for providing library services relating to non-bibliographic textual and num eric data files, including adm inistration, budgeting and accounting for these services; collection developm ent; reference; referral; and, liaison functions with appropriate agencies on and o ff cam pus. these m achine-readable data files may include c d ’s and tapes acquired from the u .s . governm ent, the inter-university consortium for political and social research, other archive agencies, and from individual o r institutional researchers. they may be num eric files, textual-numeric, o r full text and include public opinion polls and surveys, election studies, studies in economic behavior, historical surveys, and legislative roll call data. coordination of library services with other campus units (e .g ., com puting facilities, academic departm ents, and campus statistical research units) will constitute an im portant function. assist g overnm ent d ocum ents section in providing patron access to governm ent inform ation in electronic form ats (cd -ro m , internet, online). provide general reference services in central reference departm ent. requirements: requires minimum o f a m aster’s degree from an ala accredited program ; ability to communicate effectively with faculty, students, staff, and com puter specialists; potential to work independently with textual and num eric data files. strongly preferred is a background in and understanding o f the quantitative social sciences; reference experience in an academic or research library; experience working with textual and numeric data files; experience with microcom puters. m inimum salary: $ 2 4 ,0 0 0 + for 12 months com m ensurate with education and experience. benefits include 30 vacation days p er year, vested retirem ent after 5 years, university medical benefits package, and other normal fringe benefits including 75 % tuition waiver. the university of m issouri (mu) was established in c olum bia in 1839. it is one o f the five most com prehensive universities in the nation, with over 250 degree program s. the u niversity o f missouri c olum bia libraries belong to arl, serve a student body o f 2 2 ,0 0 0 + and a faculty o f 1,800 with a collection o f over 2 .6 million volumes and over 5.3 million m icroform s. the l ibraries on all campuses are replacing a local system with iii. columbia is in the middle o f the state on i-70, only 2 hours from st. l ouis and kansas city, and 1.5 hours from the lake o f the ozarks m ajor recreational area. the u niversity and two other colleges provide superb cultural events. according to the american chamber o f com m erce researchers association (accra) composite index, the cost o f living in c olum bia is very reasonable when com pared with other university communities. c olum bia has been named in the top twenty cities in the united states by money magazine in recent years. available: a ugust 1, 1995. send letter o f application, names and addresses o f three references and resum e to julie deters, senior secretary, 104 ellis l ibrary, university o f m issouri-colum bia, c olum bia m o 65201-5149. screening of applications will begin may 15, 1995. the university o f m issouri-c olum bia is an equal opportunity and affirm ative action em ployer and complies with the guidelines set forth in the a m ericans with disabilities act o f 1990. if you have special needs as addressed by the americans with d isabilities act and need assistance with this or any portion o f the application, notify us at the address above as soon as possible. reasonable efforts will be made to accom m odate your special needs. 3 6 6 / c&rl news library systems specialist luzerne county community college luzerne county community college is seek­ ing applications for a library systems spe­ cialist. this faculty position requires an ala accredited mls and two years experience in planning, implementing, and maintaining an automated library system. this position is title iii funded to september 30, 1995, with funding from october 1‚ 1995, to september 30, 1996, tentatively approved; continuation of position dependent upon funding. qualified applicants should send a letter of application, including resume and three let­ ters of recommendation, postmarked no later than may 12,1995, to: the executive assistant to the president luzerne county community college 1333 s. prospect st. nanticoke, pa 18634 no phone inquiries, please. an affirm ative action, e o e institution. fte staff and up to 40 hours per week student staff. participates in identifying goals and setting priorities of the division and helps to establish and monitor policies and procedures. contributes ideas and initiatives toward problem identification and resolution. communi­ cates and interprets ill service policies, procedures, and functions to students, faculty, and staff. maintains operational statistics, copyright compliance records and correspondence files for the division. main­ tains awareness of current national, and international ill codes and agreements. prepares oral and written reports on division activities and advises on budget priorities. assists the librarian for information and document delivery services in planning and executing the use of new technologies to enhance document delivery. contributes to team effort by accomplishing related duties as required. the harry elkins widener memorial library, the principal repository for collec­ tions in the humanities and social sciences, is a unit of the harvard college library and is administratively part of the faculty of arts and sciences. widener library contains over three million volumes and subscribes to more than 20,000 periodicals. access to materials is provided through the harvard online library information system (hollis). qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program. minimum of two years professional experience in public services in an academic, research, or large public library, including interlibrary loan experience; demonstrated successful supervisory and management abilities; knowledge of and experience using online systems, micro­ computers, and electronic tools for document delivery; proven ability to work effectively with colleagues and diverse clientele; demon­ strated commitment to responsive and innovative user service; demonstrated effective oral and written communication skills; flexibil­ ity, initiative, and versatility in order to effectively contribute to an evolving work situation, required. working knowledge of oclc, rlin, or other automated ill system. familiarity with internet and alterna­ tive modes of information access and delivery; working knowledge of one or more languages other than english; indication of involvement in the profession on a local and/or national level, preferred. compen­ sation: appointment salary depending on qualifications and experi­ ence, high $30s. major benefits include 20 days annual vacation; assistant director of library systems— client/server applications ohiolink the ohio library and information network (ohiolink) is seeking an assistant director of library systems client/server applications to work closely with the director of library systems, with ohiolink staff, and with per­ sonnel from the ohiolink member institutions in planning, implementing, and managing the ohiolink project with a primary emphasis on the creation and implementation of end-user client/server software, and the creation and management of full text, image, and multi media databases. the successful candidate will manage the workstation software tools project and will provide leadership in the evalu­ ation and selection of internet resources, and in the design and management of gopher and world wide web (www) pages. qualified candidates will have a master’s of library science from an ala-accredited pro­ gram, or a combination of relevant education and significant technical experience. must have experience in implementing client/server ap­ plications including gopher and world wide web systems and expert knowledge of html and sgml. project m anagement skills must be evident, and applicants must be able to demonstrate excellent oral and written com ­ munication skills. the ability to work in group settings to facilitate discussion and build con­ sensus is essential. familiarity with innovative interfaces, inc. software and unix-based sys­ tems is preferred. salary is $38,000 minimum annually plus an excellent benefits package. salary may be higher depending on the qualifications of the successful applicant. interested individuals should submit a letter of application, a current resume, and the names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of three references to: anita cook director of library systems ohiolink 2455 north star road, suite 300 columbus, oh 43221 first consideration of candidates will begin on june 15, 1995, and will continue until the position is filled. o hiolin k is an eeo/aa employer. may 1 9 9 5 /3 6 7 director of the library west virginia state college west virginia state college seeks applications for the position of director of the library. the library director is responsible for the continuing development of resources that enhance and support the academic programs offered by the college. the director reports to the vice-president for academic affairs and provides leadership in all aspects of library operations and planning. the director serves on a number of college committees and works closely and cooperatively with other libraries, particularly those in the public higher education system in west virginia. library environment: a medium-sized college library with a book collection of 200,000+ volumes and a retro periodicals collection that dates back to 1850, the library serves a multicultural and multigenerational student population that primarily commutes. essential library services are automated using the vtls integrated system. an instructional materials center is housed in the library. a grant from the national endowment for the humanities has provided funds for an archivist position to begin the organization of the college archives. requirements: minimum requirements include a master’s degree from an ala-accredited program and at least eight years of progressively responsible work in an academic library. second master’s and/ or doctorate is desirable. the successful candidate must demonstrate a working knowledge of new information technologies, emerging trends and issues, and how these are changing the nature of libraries and the scholarly community they serve. must demonstrate the ability to plan effectively, and work collaboratively with all units of the college. must possess the ability to supervise a diverse group of professionals and paraprofessionals. experience working with nontraditional students is essential. setting: west virginia state college is a historically black college that has evolved into a fully accessible racially diverse and multigenerational institution offering both associate and baccalaureate degrees. because of this tradition, the college enrolls a wide range of students and assists them in achieving their academic, civic, and career potential through quality undergraduate programs in a campus environment nationally recognized as “a living laboratory of human relations.” west virginia state college (wvsc) is the largest institution of higher education in the charleston metropolitan area, serving approximately 4,700 students. salary and benefits: salary is competitive and will be commensurate with education and experience. deadline for applications is june 3 0 , 1995, or until a selection is made. send letter of application, resume, official transcripts, and references to: office of human resources director of library position west virginia state college campus box 173 p.o. box 1000 institute, wv 25112-1000 a n equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. “a living laboratory o f hum an r elations” generous holiday and sick leave; choice of health plans; life insurance; disability benefits; university-funded pension plan; tuition assistance program. available: july 1, 1995. for full consideration, please re­ spond by june 1‚ 1995. applications will be accepted until position is filled. please submit a letter of application addressing qualifications, full resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers, of three references to: hazel c. stamps, director of personnel services, harvard college library, widener 188, cambridge, ma 02138. harvard university upholds a commitment to equal opportunity and affirmative action. judaica librarian. harvard college library. responsibilities include cataloging, collection development, and reference work in the area of jewish studies. performs online original cataloging of hebrew print and nonprint materials including monographs, serials, and audiovisual publications, using hollis, rlin, and oclc. oversees copy cataloging of hebrew materials. selects and orders hebrew publications. participates in training and supervision of bibliographic, student, and casual assistants. contributes to team effort by accomplishing related duties as required. one of the world’s best collections of judaica materials is located in widener library. this collection is complemented by extensive holdings in other harvard libraries. the judaica division maintains comprehensive collection development, technical, and public services programs. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; graduate studies in jewish studies, preferably with a second master’s. experi­ ence in cataloging of hebrew language materials in an integrated online research library. some background in selection of hebrew materials useful. fluent english and a strong reading knowledge of hebrew; acquaintance with one other language desirable, yiddish strongly preferred. working knowledge of oclc or rlin, aacr2, lc subject headings and marc formats required. microcomputer expe­ rience in a pc-dos environment required. flexibility and versatility required in order to effectively contribute to an evolving work situation. ability to learn quickly, communicate effectively, and function with considerable autonomy within a fast-paced, goal-oriented, productivity-conscious environment. available: immediately. com­ pensation: appointment salary depending on qualifications and 3 6 8 /c&rl news information technology and engineering reference/liaison librarian (search reopened) george mason university libraries george mason university, a comprehensive research university in the washington, d.c, area, is seeking a library professional to join a growing library system committed to playing an integral role in the academic initiatives of the university. creativity, initiative, and willingness to reach beyond the boundaries of the traditional library are especially prized. information technology and engineering reference/liaison librarian: responsible for liaison services (collection development, bibliographic instruction, online searching, and information management and problem solving) for the school of information technology and engineering, including departments of computer science, electrical and computer engineering, information and software systems engineer­ ing, operations research and engineering, and systems engineering. serves as reference desk coordinator. reference experience and second master's in relevant subject area preferred; experience in collection development, bibliographic instruction, and online searching desired. this position requires an ala-accredited mls; reference librarians provide general reference desk service, including evening and weekend rotation. base salary: $28,500; final offers vary with qualifica­ tions. excellent benefits. application deadline is may 3 1 , 1995. send letter of application with resume and names of three references to: amy cooke library administration office, 2fl george mason university fairfax, va 22030-4444 a a /e o e employer, m inorities e ncouraged to apply. experience; $36,200 per year, minimum. major benefits include one month’s vacation; generous holiday and sick leave; choice of health plans; life insurance; disability benefits; university-funded pension plan; tuition assistance; child care scholarships. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. please submit a letter of applica­ tion addressing qualifications, resume, and the names of three references to: hazel c. stamps, director of personnel services, harvard college library, w idener 188, cambridge, ma 02138. harvard university upholds a commitment to affirmative action and equal employment opportunity. middle eastern librarian. harvard college library. respon­ sibilities include cataloging, collection development, and reference work in the area of middle eastern studies. performs online original cataloging of arabic print and nonprint materials including mono­ graphs, serials, and audiovisual publications, using hollis, rlin, and oclc. oversees copy cataloging of arabic materials. selects and orders arabic publications. participates in training and supervision of bibliographic, student, and casual assistants. contributes to team effort by accomplishing related duties as required. widener library houses one of the oldest and strongest collections of middle eastern materials in the world. this collection is complemented by extensive holdings in other harvard libraries. the middle eastern division maintains comprehensive collection development, technical, and pub­ lic services programs. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; graduate studies in middle eastern studies, preferably with a second master’s. experience in cataloging of arabic-language materials in an integrated online research library. some background in selection of arabic materials useful. fluent english and a strong reading knowledge of arabic; acquaintance with one other middle eastern language desirable, armenian strongly preferred. working knowledge of oclc or rlin, aacr2, lc subject headings, and marc formats required. microcomputer experience in a pc-dos environment required. flexibility and versatility required in order to effectively contribute to an evolving work situation. ability to learn quickly, communicate effectively, and function with considerable au­ tonomy within a fast-paced, goal-oriented, productivity-conscious environment. available: immediately. compensation: appointment salary depending on qualifications and experience; $36,200 per year, minimum. major benefits include one month’s vacation; generous holiday and sick leave; choice of health plans; life insurance; disability benefits; university-funded pension plan; tuition assistance; child care scholarships. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. please submit a letter of application addressing qualifications, re­ sume, and the names of three references to: hazel c. stamps, director of personnel services, harvard college library, widener 188, cam­ bridge, ma 02138. harvard university upholds a commitment to affirmative action and equal employment opportunity. networked resources coordinator. colorado state uni­ versity libraries seeks a coordinator of library networked resources and technology. this position heads a newly designated group, directing the activities of professional and support staff who have responsibility for library technology overview and automation plan­ ning, original cataloging, copy cataloging, database maintenance, and hardware and software support. required: ala-accredited mls or equivalent or mis/msis or equivalent or ph.d. in automation-related field. at least five years professional experience in an academic, research, or special library with a broad and demonstrable knowledge of library systems and services, lans, wide area or campus networks, computer software and hardware, and internet systems and tools. desired: cataloging experience; programming experience; unix op­ erating system experience. 12-month, tenure-track faculty appoint­ ment with a minimum salary of $50,000. generous benefits, including 24 days vacation and 15 days annually and defined contribution retirement plan through tiaa/cref, fidelity, or valic. to request an application form and complete announcement of vacancy, send a letter of application, current resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of yjtrr references to: teri switzer, personnel librarian, colorado state university libraries, ft. collins, co 80523; fax: (303) 491 -1195; e-mail: tswitzer@vines.colostate.edu. all application mate­ rials must be received by 5:00 p.m., may 22,1995. aa/eoe employer. rare books cataloger. located within the department of special collections at the university of notre dame libraries and reporting to the head of special collections, the rare books cataloger performs original online cataloging of rare books and maintains authority files. assists in establishing bibliographic standards and will mailto:tswitzer@vines.colostate.edu may 19 9 5 /3 6 9 r e f e r e n c e l i b r a r ia n , h u m a n it ie s r e f e r e n c e l i b r a r ia n , h u m a n it ie s : t h e u n iv e rsity o f m isso u ri-c o lu m b ia is seeking q u a lifie d a p p lic a n ts f o r th e p o sitio n o f r e fe re n c e l ib ra ria n , h u m a n itie s. p rin c ip a l d u ties in clu d e re sp o n sib ility fo r p ro v id in g re fe re n c e se rv ic e s (in c lu d e s so m e ev e n in g an d w eek e n d h o u rs), lib ra ry in stru c tio n , d a ta b a s e s e a rc h in g , a n d co lle c tio n d e v e lo p m e n t f o r h isto ry , re lig io n , p h ilo so p h y , an d a n th ro p o lo g y . p ro v id e s re fe re n c e assista n c e in a ll d isc ip lin e s w h en w o rk in g at th e r e fe re n c e d esk a n d p e rfo rm s lib ra ry in stru c tio n fo r u n d e rg ra d u a te s in o th e r d isc ip lin es. p ro v id e s a n d e v a lu a te s e ffe c tiv e n e ss o f se rv ic e s in c o o rd in a tio n w ith r e fe re n c e d e p a rtm e n t p o lic ie s a n d p ro c e d u re s. r eq u irem en ts: r e q u ires m in im u m o f a m a s te r’s d e g re e fro m an a l a a c c re d ite d p ro g ra m and re a d in g k n o w le d g e o f a t least o n e r o m a n c e , g e rm a n ic o r s lav ic la n g u a g e ; ad v a n c e d d e g re e in a h u m a n itie s d isc ip lin e d e sira b le . h u m a n itie s re fe re n c e e x p e rie n c e a n d su p e rv iso ry ex p e rie n c e d e s ira b le . k n o w le d g e o f d a ta b a se se a rc h in g a n d th e in te rn e t re q u ire d . m u s t h a v e ab ility to c o m m u n ic a te w ell o ra lly and in w ritin g ; stro n g p u b lic se rv ic e o rie n ta tio n ; ab ility to w o rk in a team e n v iro n m e n t w h e re se rv ices a re e x p a n d in g a n d w h e re th e re is ap p lic a tio n o f new te c h n o lo g ie s to se rv ic e d eliv ery . m in im u m s a la ry : $ 2 4 ,0 0 0 + fo r 12 m o n th s c o m m e n s u ra te w ith e d u c a tio n a n d e x p e rie n c e . b e n efits in c lu d e 3 0 vacatio n d a y s p e r y ear, v ested re tire m e n t a fte r 5 y e a rs, u n iv e rsity m edical b e n e fits p a c k a g e , an d o th e r n o rm a l frin g e b e n e fits in c lu d in g 75 % tu itio n w a iv e r. t h e u n iv e r sity o f m isso u r i w a s e s tab lish ed in c o lu m b ia in 1839. it is o n e o f th e fiv e m ost c o m p re h e n siv e u n iv e rsitie s in th e n a tio n , w ith o v e r 2 5 0 d e g re e p ro g ra m s . t h e u n iv e rsity o f m isso u ri-c o lu m b ia l ib ra rie s b e lo n g to a r l , se rv e a stu d e n t b o d y o f 2 2 , 0 0 0 + a n d a fa c u lty o f 1 ,8 0 0 w ith a co lle c tio n o f o v e r 2 .6 m illio n v o lu m e s a n d o v e r 5 .3 m illio n m ic ro fo rm s. t h e l ib ra rie s on all ca m p u se s a re re p la c in g a lo cal system w ith iii. c o lu m b ia is in th e m id d le o f th e sta te on i -7 0 , o n ly 2 h o u rs fro m st. l o u is a n d k an sas c ity , a n d 1.5 h o u rs fro m th e l ak e o f th e o z a rk s m a jo r re c re a tio n a l a re a . t h e u n iv e rsity an d tw o o th e r c o lle g e s p ro v id e su p e rb c u ltu ra l ev en ts. a c c o rd in g to th e a m erican c h a m b e r o f c o m m e rc e r e se a rc h e rs a sso c ia tio n (a c c r a ) c o m p o site in d e x , th e co st o f liv in g in c o lu m b ia is v ery re a so n a b le w h e n c o m p a re d w ith o th e r u n iv e rsity c o m m u n itie s. c o lu m b ia h as b een n am ed in th e to p tw e n ty c itie s in th e u n ite d s tates b y m o n e y m a g a z in e in re c e n t y e a rs. a v a ila b le: a u g u st 1, 1995. s en d le tte r o f a p p lic a tio n , n a m e s a n d a d d re sse s o f th re e re fe re n c e s an d re su m e to j u lie d e te rs, s e n io r s e c re ta ry , 104 e llis l ib ra ry , u n iv e rsity o f m is so u ri-c o lu m b ia , c o lu m b ia m o 6 5 201 5 1 4 9 . s c re e n in g o f ap p lic a tio n s w ill b eg in m a y 15, 1995. t h e u n iv e rsity o f m isso u ri-c o lu m b ia is an eq u a l o p p o rtu n ity a n d a ffirm a tiv e actio n e m p lo y e r a n d c o m p lie s w ith th e g u id e lin e s set fo rth in th e a m e ric a n s w ith d isa b ilitie s a c t o f 1990. i f y o u h a v e sp e c ia l n e e d s as a d d re sse d by th e a m e ric a n s w ith d isa b ilitie s a ct an d n eed a s sista n c e w ith th is o r a n y p o rtio n o f the a p p lic a tio n , n o tify us a t the ad d re ss a b o v e as soon as p o ss ib le . r e a so n a b le e ffo rts w ill b e m ade to a c c o m m o d a te y o u r special n eed s. 3 7 0 /c&rl news public services librarian rice university come join our team! rice university is seeking a highly motivated public services librarian committed to working closely with users and exploring creative new ways to provide services. this librarian’s time will be divided between the reference and government publications and special resources departments, reporting to the heads of both departments. this librarian will provide reference service in both areas, teach patent and gis sessions, participate in general and subject-specific user education, and serve as a proactive collection development liaison to one or more academic departments, providing intensive communication with the users. some evening and weekend work is required. the fondren library is an exciting place to work, with opportunities to participate in the development of leading-edge library technologies. current projects include the design of user interfaces for a new library system; the integration of a problem tracking system into the provision of reference services; the creation of hypertext user guides using html; the promoting and teaching of the geographic information system (gis); the creation of a scholar’s studio; the design of ricelnfo (the campus wide information system); the design of departmental home pages; and a large-scale collection evaluation project. requirements: an ala-accredited mls; excellent interpersonal skills, including the ability to work well with faculty, students, and colleagues, a high degree of flexibility, and a positive record of collegial relationships; excellent written and oral communication skills; a demonstrated commitment to public services; thorough knowledge of and at least one year of experience using internet protocols and tools, including gopher, ftp, and world wide web browsers; excellent macintosh and pc computer skills and at least two years experience using dos/windows, word processing, and spreadsheets; thorough knowledge of accessing oclc and/or rlin; and hands-on experience with integrated library systems. preferred: a degree in engineering or humanities; previous experience in an academic library; a working knowledge of arcview; basic unix computing skills, including the use of x or motif; experience using a variety of computer databases (full-text, image, bibliographic); and experience using microsoft programs including word and excel, and filemaker. salary/benefits: $28,927 minimum, commensurate with experience and qualifications; no state or local income tax; career advancement program; 21 benefit days; eight study days; tiaa/cref; health and life insurance; and tuition waiver. applications received by may 15, 1995, will receive first consideration. to apply, send letter of application, resume, and the names, titles, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: ferne hyman assistant university librarian rice university fondren library ms44 6100 main st. houston, tx 77005-1892 r ice u niversity is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity employer. have some supervisory responsibility. may participate in some collec tion development or public service duties within special collections and will coordinate with the head of cataloging and work closely with the cataloging department. graduate degree in library science from an ala-accredited school is required with additional graduate degree(s) in a humanities discipline highly desirable. experience in rare book cataloging preferred. a strong working knowledge of latin and at least one other western european language is necessary (italian and/or german preferred), as is a knowledge of the history of the book. knowledge of aacr2, rare book cataloging according to descriptive cataloging of rare books, marc formats, the library of congress classification schedule, and lc subject headings and rule interpreta tions is required. familiarity with notis or other online library system and with oclc desirable. knowledge of paleography, codicology, descriptive or analytical bibliography is desirable. requires the ability to work both independently and with others. the department of special collections contains approximately 150,000 volumes, with major holdings in irish studies, american catholic studies, theology, medi eval studies, dante, descartes, botany, early printing and book arts. among the current cataloging backlogs are: a collection of 250 ­ ­ ­ volumes from the 16th century, with at least one title from each year in the century; 300 volumes of early editions and studies on george berkeley from the a. a. luce collection; an equal number of early volumes on edmund burke from the collection of william todd; and about 700 volumes on thomistic studies in german from the 16th to 18th century. the position carries faculty status, with a base salary of $29,000 for a new mls; higher salary negotiable based on experience. for assured consideration, applications and supporting documents should be received by friday, june 3 0 , 1995. applications by women and minorities encouraged. interested applicants should send a letter of application, curriculum vitae, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three professional references to: sharon a. veith, human resource representative, university libraries of notre dame, university of notre dame, 221 hesburgh library, notre dame, in 46556. notre dame is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference coordinator and electronic services li­ brarian. lewis-clark state college library seeks an individual to coordinate reference services and provide leadership in the developmay 1995/371 o pe n p o s it io n s u niversity o f n evada, l a s v egas l ib ra rie s e n v iro n m e n t: unlv is a grow ing urban institution w ith a deep appreciation o f the balance between the importance o f undergraduate education and a true com mitment to scholarly research, artistic creation, and graduate education. unlv has an enrollment o f more than 20,000 students and is surrounded by a com munity o f about one million. t he 1994/95 library materials budget exceeds $2,500,000 w ith a printed collection size o f 723,000 and m ore than one million microforms. t e a ch in g /l ea rn in g /r e fe ren ce l ib ra ria n t e am m em bers (t h ree to f o u r p ositions d epending on f un d in g ): t he university o f nevada, las vegas libraries are establishing a new service unit w hose mission will be to focus all o f the libraries’ developing resources on the achievement o f successful learning outcomes. d r. alan guskin, chancellor o f antioch u niversity, states, "a m ajor faculty role, and especially the role o f the librarian as inform ation technology experts, will be to guide students (and faculty) to sources by helping them ask the right questions." w e seek to redefine the ways in w hich our clients approach and interact w ith the library. w e are recruiting a team o f four professionals who are eager to explore all o f the opportunities the new technologies offer. a successful candidate will offer p rior teaching experience, high level com puter skills, a generalist orientation and, above all, a keen im agination. excellent interpersonal communication skills are essential as team members will w ork closely w ith library colleagues, classroom faculty and students. second masters degree or doctorate preferred. s alary: negotiable depending on experience and qualifications. o ne s erials l ib r a r ia n a reas o f responsibilities: assisting the head o f technical services in the operation o f serials; advising classified staff in the handling o f all serials; cataloging o f serials for the first three years; participating in teaching/learning librarian team assignments including some bibliographic responsibilities; and other duties as assigned. r ep o rts to: head o f technical services. s ala ry : depending on qualifications and experience. h ead d ocum ents l ib r a r ia n a reas o f r esponsibilities: provides user-centered reference and instruction services, coordinates acquisition and bibliographic control o f federal, state, local and international docum ents, and maps; supervises 3 classified staff; develops and implements departmental policies, goals and objectives. w ork schedule w ill include some evening and weekend hours. m inim um o f 3 years’ professional library experience in us governm ent docum ents, preferably in academic or research library setting. demonstrated supervisory and leadership skills preferred. s ala ry : depending on qualification and experience. p osition a vailable: a ugust 1, 1995. g en eral r eq u ired q u alifications a n d e x pectations fo r e a ch position: mls from an ala-accredited program; excellent oral, w ritten, and interpersonal communication skills; ability to w ork effectively w ith faculty and students; ability to w ork independently and cooperatively in a team setting and in a changing environm ent; a record o f professional involvement and research activities; professional grow th and service in keeping w ith university standards for prom otion and tenure is expected; and w illing to accept new responsibilities as needed as the library goes through the reorganization process. a p p lic atio n d eadline & d etails: 12-month, tenure-track contract w ith 24 days annual leave, retirement options, health insurance, no state income tax. send letter o f application, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers for three professional references to m atth ew j . s im on, d ean o f l ib ra r ie s , box n o. 451070, u niversity o f n ev ad a, l a s v egas, 4505 m a ry la n d p ark w ay , l as v egas, n evada 89154-1070. positions available july 1, 1995, except head documents librarian. review o f applications begins on june 15, 1995 and will continue until the positions are filled. t h e u niversity o f n evada, l as v egas is a n equal o p p o rtu n ity /a ffirm a tiv e ac tio n em ployer a n d its lib raries a r e actively seeking ap p lic a n ts w ho reflect o u r m u ltic u ltu ra l clientele. ment of electronic resources. duties include participation in and coordination of reference services, and further development of the library electronic reference services, including lans, cd-roms, and internet, with a variety of microcomputer hardware, operating sys­ tems, and library applications. the successful candidate may also participate in materials selection and occasionally perform biblio­ graphic instruction. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls, strong interpersonal communication skills, experience in reference service, and technical experience with pc and lan applications as they are applied in a public service environment. preferred qualifica­ tions: three to five years experience in managing lans and variou pc or cd-rom applications, and demonstrated skills or experience in reference service, experience in coordinating programs with col­ leagues. the lcsc library holds more than 180,000 volumes and subscribes to over 1,000 periodicals. as an active local consortium member, the library coordinates with school, public, private nonprofit, and college libraries from 11 organizations in 32 locations in north central idaho and southeastern washington, serving a diverse popu­ lation of community and off-campus patrons from throughout this region. this alternative service constitutes a distinct mission of the 3 7 2 /c &r l news public service librarian (technology applications) monmouth university monmouth university is seeking a knowledgeable, energetic, and creative librarian to join the guggenheim library’s reference department with principal responsibility for management of the library’s electronic information resources. in collaboration with colleagues, the successful candidate will plan, evaluate, implement, and maintain all networked, cd-rom, and internet information sources. other duties include sharing the staffing of the reference desk (including evenings and rotating weekend duty), overseeing the library’s interlibrary loan department, and assisting in library and computer lab class presentations. recently awarded university status, monmouth is located a short distance from the atlantic ocean, on an attractive 135-acre campus. the university is in a period of expansion, with nearly 3,300 fte students on campus, and nearly 4,000 anticipated by fall 1997. the guggenheim library serves the needs of the university community with a collection of over 205,000 book volumes, over 35,000 bound periodicals, almost 1,300 periodical subscriptions, and a library faculty of 7.5 fte. the 1994– 1995 library budget was $980,000. the reference department includes 3.5 library faculty, two support staff, and student assistants, qualifications: minimum qualifications include an ala-accredited mls. high degree of computer literacy required, including working knowledge of w indows/dos applications and online database searching capabilities. technical experience with unix-based programs and installation and maintenance of electronic resources and lans highly desirable. candidates must possess a strong commitment to dynamic public services in an academic library, excellent interpersonal and communications skills; and be able to work both independently and as a team member. candidates must have the potential to meet tenure requirements based on performance, college service, and professional service/scholarship. preference will be given to candidates with two years of post-mls public service experience. appointment is at the rank of assistant librarian or associate librarian, depending upon qualifica­ tions. salary low to mid-30s. monmouth university’s librarians are faculty members with full academic rank, rights, and responsibilities. benefits include tiaa/cref retirement plan; health care insurance; hospitalization, including m ajor medical and dental plan, a letter of application with a current vita listing three references should be sent to: richard cochran, director guggenheim library monmouth university west long branch, nj 07764 review of applications will begin im mediately and continue until an appointment is made on or about july 1 , 1995. m onm outh university is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. school and library. salary: $28,000 for 12 months. rank: assistant professor. submit letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: paul krause, director of library services, lewis-clark state college, 500 8th ave., lewiston, id 83501. application dead­ line: may 15, 1995. starting date: july 1, 1995. aa/eoe/ada. reserve/multimedia services librarian. entry-level posi­ tion. reports to: head, circulation and resen/e sen/ices and head, media center. responsibilities: oversees the reserve unit at the main library. responsibilities include: (1) supervises, trains and evaluates full-time staff. monitors and evaluates workflow within the unit. (2) assists in the integration of new technologies and new approaches to the delivery of reserve services. participates in the development of the electronic reserve system. (3) provides training in the use of technol­ ogy for ers. serves as liaison and trainer for other nu libraries participating in electronic reserve projects. coordinates efforts with academic computing and network services and the media center on the ers project. maintains ers on the unix server within the media center. oversees or performs the activities of the mitchell media center multimedia lab. responsibilities include: (1) supervises the overall operation of the mitchell media center multimedia lab. trains students, faculty, and staff involved with multimedia development. (2) supervises multimedia lab student assistants. interviews and makes hiring decisions; prepares evaluations; trains and schedules student assistants. (3) assists library and media center staff in maintaining the library’s world-wide web and other information and image databases. coordinates bibliographic information processing for media center image and cd-rom collections within internal data­ bases and online catalogs. documents policies and procedures within the mitchell media center, multimedia lab, and the reserve unit. performs related duties as assigned. qualifications: master's degree from an accredited program in library science required. macintosh, windows, and unix experience strongly preferred. expe­ rience in a public services area of an academic library. experience in library systems or information processing operations. working knowl­ edge of the world-wide web, web browsers, html, and scanning may 19 9 5 /3 7 3 public services librarian/user education marshall university leads and coordinates user education efforts of the library. also provides general reference services using print and nonprint resources, helps develop reference collection, searches computer databases, and acts as liaison to the library science program. evening and weekend hours required. complete job description available by e-mail from balch@ muvms6.mu.w vnet.edu or by mail. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls; strong service orientation and interpersonal/communi­ cation skills; ability to work with diverse student population; commitment to professional growth. highly desirable: proficiency in user education; experience with cd-rom and computer applications. appointment at instructor/librarian i ($20,895 minimum) or assistant professor/librarian ii ($23,797) level, depending on qualifications; 12-month, non-tenure-track appointment; 24 days annual leave, standard benefits. marshall university, one of west virginia’s two state universities, is committed to high-quality undergraduate and graduate education. applications received by may 31, 1995, will be given first consideration. send application letter, resume, and names of at least three professional references to: director of libraries marshall university 400 hal greer blvd. huntington, wv 25755-2060 eeo/aa employer. technology desired. excellent verbal and written communication skills are essential. salary: $26,000 minimum. send letter of applica­ tion and resume, including names and addresses of three references to: peter devlin, personnel librarian, n orthw estern u n iversity library, evanston, il 60208-2300. applications must be received by june 15, 1995. northwestern university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. hiring is contingent upon eligibility to work in the united states. special collections catalog librarian. the university of alabama libraries. responsibilities: provide original cataloging of monographs, pamphlets, manuscripts, photographs, and other nonbook materials, with the exception of music scores, music sound recordings, maps, and serials. supervise copy cataloging, catalog maintenance, and stacks preparation of special collections materials. maintain an awareness of bibliographic access needs of special collections. serve as a liaison between special collections and the catalog department, and be responsive to the priorities set jointly by the curator of special collections and the head, catalog department. the special collections catalog librarian will report to the head, monographs unit, catalog department. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program; successful professional cataloging experi­ ence, preferably with special collections materials in an academic research library; knowledge of aacr2, library of congress classifica­ tion schedules, lcsh, lc bibliographic description of rare books, and relevant marc formats; ability to work effectively with others; and potential for promotion and tenure. preferred: undergraduate or graduate degree in history; knowledge of southern history and culture; experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility; experience with notis. salary and benefits: 12-month, tenure-earning appointment, strong benefits. appointment will be at the instructor or assistant professor level, with a minimum salary of $23,100 for instructor and $26,600 for assistant professor. substantial moving allowance may be available. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: voni b. wyatt, personnel officer, the u n iversity o f alabam a libraries, p.o. box 870266, tuscaloosa, al 35487-0266. applications received by may 31‚ 1995, are assured of receiving consideration. the university of alabama libraries hold membership in arl, crl, solinet, cni, and the network of alabama academic libraries, and have implemented the notis integrated library system. the university of alabama is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer systems librarian. manages computer systems, including an innovative interfaces integrated library system, a cd-rom lan with reference databases, gopher and www, and other applications. participates in planning and implementing new computer applications. recommends equipment and software for purchase. provides training to library staff in the use of new equipment, software, and remote information sources such as the internet. supervises one systems coordinator and one student assistant. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. two years of experience with library systems including inte­ grated library systems, personal computers, local area networks (novell), networking, and the internet, or a degree in computer science. one year of supervisory and/or project management expe­ rience and excellent communication skills, including training skills are required. experience with iii, operating systems (dos, unix, macin­ tosh), and applications and communications software is desirable. salary and benefits: $40,000, tenure-track; tiaa/cref, 24 days vacation, flexible benefits package. review of applications will begin june 1‚ 1995 and continue until a candidate is selected. send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: jan boyer, university library, u n iversity of nebraska at omaha, omaha, ne 68182-0237. aa/eoe. tenure track academic librarians. california state uni­ versity of los angeles, one of 21 campuses of the california state university system, is a comprehensive urban institution located at the eastern edge of the city of los angeles. it has a diverse student body of approximately 18,000 undergraduate, graduate, and profes­ sional students, and a faculty of approximately 600 ftef. the university has collective bargaining agreements with the faculty, which includes librarians, and eight other bargaining units. the john f. kennedy memorial library has 17 ftef and 33 staff, and offers end-user access to numerous online systems and services, with many accessible on and off campus. approximate holdings are one million volumes and 3000 current subscriptions. collections of u.s. and california government publications include electronic formats. an integrated opac has recently been implemented. the library seeks two generalists who can make significant contributions to the ongoing transformation of the library into a teaching and knowledge center fully integrated with available technology to support the overall learning process. successful candidates will be expected to perform a combination of traditional technical and public service responsibilimailto:balch@muvms6.mu.wvnet.edu 3 7 4 /c & rl news ties, including, but not limited to, reference, instruction, collection development, and cataloging. required qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited institution. strong interpersonal and com­ munication skills and ability to work effectively in a multicultural, multiethnic environment. high level of information literacy and computer competency. competence in one or more of the following: general reference, library instruction, government information ser­ vices, collection development, and complex cataloging operations using oclc or equivalent, with demonstrated knowledge of aacr2 cataloging rules and lc classification and subject heading practice. as a tenure-track faculty member, evidence of, or demonstrated potential for, professional growth, and creative, scholarly, and/or other contributions to the profession and to the university. ability to work nights and weekends. desired qualifications: additional sub­ ject master's degree or substantial course work in one or more of the following fields, including collection development experience: edu­ cation; the physical, life, or health-related sciences; latin american studies; or chicano studies. current in-depth experience in technol­ ogy applications to academic library operations and information delivery systems. experience with innopac/innovacq. fluency in spanish, mandarin, cantonese, vietnamese, korean, or japa­ nese. serials cataloging experience. rank and salary: appointment at rank of senior assistant librarian (assistant professor) or asso­ ciate librarian (associate professor); salary range: $ 32 ,712 $65,868; rank and salary dependent on qualificatoins. tenure normally granted with seventh-year reappointment. application pro­ cedure: to ensure consideration, send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers for three refer­ ences by june 15, 1995, to: david wilkinson, interim university librarian, john f. kennedy memorial library, california state university, los angeles, 5151 state university dr., los angeles, ca 90032-8300. for further information, call: (213) 343-3950. an equal opportunity, affirmative action, ada, title ix employer. rea­ sonable accommodation may be requested. late j o b listin g s ch for th e d irector of n is a college of 1,100 d facilities and shares nal staff. the director library director. a drian college is reopening its sear shipm an library. located n ea r ann arbor and toledo, a dria stu d en ts and 70 faculty. the library director supervises staff an responsibilities for reference and other ta sk s w ith th e professio will be involved in th e college’s campaign to expand and renovate th e library building. the position requires an mls from an ala-accredited program. expectations for th e position include experience w ith team -oriented library adm inistration, enthusiasm for electronic dissem ination of information, and a knowledge of autom ated library systems, preferably dra. salary: $38,000+, negotiable. the position is currently open. review of applications will begin may 17, 1995. send a le tte r of application, a resum e, and addresses and phone num bers for a t least th ree references to: jam es borland, vice p resident and dean for academic affairs, adrian college, a drian, mi 49221. refer en c e librarian. chem eketa community college, a large, comprehensive college located in oregon’s capitol city seeks qualified candidates for th e position of reference librarian. this 80 percent, academic y ear position, is available septem ber 11, 1995. qualifications for th e position include: mls degree from ala-accredited institution; knowledge of and com m itm ent to enhance library services through use of technology; fam iliarity w ith community college level collections. salary is commensu­ ra te w ith qualifications and experience. excellent benefits package is included. contact personnel office for copy of expanded job announcem ent and application at: (503) 399 5009. to apply, subm it application, resum e, tran sc rip ts, and th ree recent letters recommendation, by 4:30 p.m. j u n e 2 , 1995 or postm arked by m idnight of th a t date, to: chemeketa community college, p ersonnel and affirmative action, po box 14007, salem, or 97309. eoe/aa. structure bookmarks may 19qs/355 deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $7.10 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $9.00 for others. late job notices a research librarianhigh-technology engineering firm offers a research librarian position with manage­ment opportunity. the experienced researcher will provide on-line searches, acquisitions, reference and document delivery services, as well as regular library/informauon handling operations for a technical staff of 40 engineers. longer term we want you to lead the growth and development of our library and its staff. this full-time position offers a competitive salary, excellent benefits and profit sharing. ba 356/c&rl news academic resident librarian program, 1995–1996university of illinois library urbana, illinoisprogram description: the library of the university of illinois (u-c) seeks candidates for its academic resident librarian program to serve one-year post-graduate appointments in the university library system. appointments may be renewed for a second year. the program offers a beginning professional experience in an academic research library, supplemented with lectures, workshops, and library visits. the university o action principles and ability to translate them into general policies affecting a diverse clientele and workforce. salary: commensurate with qualifications. applicants should send a brief letter of interest, resume, and the names of three references, by may 31‚ 1995, to: associate director search, c/o library business office, university of massachusetts library, box 34710, amherst, ma 01003. the univer­sity of massachusetts is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer.cataloger, monographs/slavic bi requirements: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school, with course work in cataloging and technical services; bibliographic knowledge of slavic (roman and non-roman) languages; knowledge of marc bibliographic and authorities formats; potential for research and scholarly/professional achievement. desirable qualifications: knowledge of other european languages, preferably german or spanish; cataloging or cataloging-related experience, preferably in a research library; experience with a variety o may 1995/357 strongly supports the principle of diversity. we are particularly inter­ested in receiving applications from women, ethnic minorities, dis­abled persons, veterans, and veterans of the vietnam era.chief librarian. faculty position—associate or full professor. john jay college of criminal justice, a senior liberal arts college of the city university of new york, invites applications and nominations for the position of chief librarian. the chief librarian has primary responsibility for the administration, plan communication with state, regional, and national groups as appropri­ate. specific responsibilities include overall planning, budgeting, collection development, library automation, facilities, and extensive interactions with campus computing and other departments. an ideal candidate should bring the following: ala-accredited mls plus second master’s degree, although an earned ph.d. is preferred; a minimum of five years relevant administrative experience in academic libraries; broad knowledge of academic libr 358/c&rl news physics/astronomy librarianuniversity of illinois library urbana, illinoisresponsibilities: the physics/astronomy librarian is responsible for the administration of the physics/astronomy library, staff supervi­sion, budgeting, reference and information ser­vices, cataloging, collection development, and for the application of new technologies and other services identified to meet the needs of the faculty, students, and others using the collec­tion. in addition, the librarian maintains a strong working relati forest, illinois, approximately 30 miles north of the loop. review of applications will begin august 15, 1995, and will continue until an appointment is made, with appointment anticipated by january 1996. interested candidates are encouraged to meet with lake forest college representative at the ala conference in june in chicago. submit letter of application, resume, and three letters of recommen­dation to: steven p. galovich, provost and dean of the faculty, lake forest college, 555 north sheridan rd., lak may 1995/359 oklahoma state universityis a land grant university offering 44 doctoral degree programs. a member of arl, the library contains 2.6 million volumes. its online catalog (notis) includes periodical abstracts, news­paper abstracts, abi/inform and isi's current contents. peri­odical abstracts and abi/inform are linked to umi's power pages providing full image articles for 800+ titles. the online catalog provides z39.50 links to several firstsearch databases and to other library catalogs. a cd-rom network provid promotion, and tenure requirements. responsibilities: manages threebranch libraries (engineering/mathematics/computer science, phys­ics, and chemistry) totaling approximately 90,000 volumes and 1,000periodical titles. supervises branch library staff, allocates resources,and establishes branch plans and services. provides online databasesearching, bibliographic instruction, current awareness and in-depthreference services. serves as collection development liaison withacademic departments in relevant areas. p head of cataloging. incumbent has overall responsibility for the maintenance and quality control of library’s online dobis database. incumbent establishes policies, goals and objectives in consultation with the director of libraries; supervises and trains support staff; and supervises or performs other duties such as cataloging books and nonbook materials. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls. second master’s degree desirable. sound knowledge of one or more european languages required. catalogi 360/c&rl news japanese studies librarianuniversity of illinois library urbana, illinoisresponsibilities: under the direction of the head of the asian library, the incumbent is re­sponsible for selection, acquisition, collection de­velopment, and management of japanese-language material; provides bibliographic instruction and references service to users of the japanese collection; performs original cataloging for japanese-language materials; assists in cataloging western-language materials on asia; supervises japanese stu circulation functions. this position concentrates on bibliographic instruction, using both traditional methods and skills and newer networked services and techniques; reference services, integrating electronic resources with local print resources; consultation in the use of remote databases and services to departments; and in reference collection development activities. this person will share evening and weekend duties with two full-time and two part-time professionals. requirements include an accredited ml may 1995/361 oklahoma state universityis a land grant university offering 44 doctoral degree programs. a member of arl, the library contains 2.6 million volumes. its online catalog (notis) includes periodical abstracts, newspa­per abstracts, abi/inform and isi's current contents. peri­odical abstracts and abi/inform are linked to umi's power pages providing full image articles for 800+ titles. the online catalog provides z39.s0 links to several firstsearch databases and to other library catalogs. a cd-rom network provid 362/c&rl news head, kresge physical sciences librarydartmouth college library hanover, new hampshirethe dartmouth college library seeks a dynamic librarian to lead the kresge physical sciences library and cook mathematics library staff in providing information services to the faculty and students in a time of technological change.responsibilities: reporting to the director of user services, the physical sciences librarian is responsible for the total operation of the kresge physical sciences library and the cook mathemat $35,000. applicants should send a letter of application discussing background and experience relating to the above description, a current resume, and the names, addresses, telephone numbers and e-mail addresses of three references to: linda debeau-melting, university of minnesota, libraries human resources officer, uni­versity libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 19th ave. south, minneapo­lis, mn 55455. candidates interviewed will be asked to make a public presentation discussing trends in access to scientifi cataloging team, supervises four library specialists, and reports to the head of the catalog department. duties include the following: is responsible for original cataloging and complex member input catalog­ing of monographs in spanish and portuguese. performs related authority work, contributing most headings to the lc name authority file. participates in cooperative cataloging projects with national re­sponsibility. serves as a member of the catalog department team leader group in formulating policies and may 1995/363 assistant university librarian for collection managementnorthwestern university librarynorthwestern university library invites applications and nominations for the position of assistant university librarian for collection management.responsibilities: provides leadership and direction for all aspects of collection management at northwestern university library (excluding the health sciences and law libraries). the collection management division includes five subject bibliographers, the melville j. herskovits degree in latin american/iberian language or area studies. collection development experience. grant writing experience. record of profes­sional service and publications. as a tenure-track faculty member, the incumbent in the position will comply with the policies of the faculty handbook, including research, publication, and service to the profes­sion, the university, and the community. salary: negotiable from $35,000, based on qualifications. applications: submit a resume (including addresses and telephone on multimedia tools and other emerging technologies; conducting specialized training sessions for students and faculty on retrieving information in a variety of formats from internal and external sources; participating in the planning, development, and implementation of information services including reference and specialized consulting services; selecting and maintaining print and electronic resources supporting research and teaching for assigned disciplinary areas; providing liaison with departments and f 364/ c&rl news business administration and engineering sciences reference librariandartmouth college library hanover, new hampshirethe dartmouth college library seeks a dynamic reference librarian for the feldberg business and engineering library, which serves the amos tuck school of business and the thayer school of engineering.responsibilities: reporting to the business and engineering librarian, works as a member of an information services team providing reference services in an innovative and technically sophisticated 1995. send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: loretta caren ebert, director of libraries, folsom library, rensselaer polytechnic institute, troy, ny 12180. rensselaer is an aa/eeo employer. applications of minorities and women are particularly encouraged.instructional technology librarian. the cline library at northern arizona university invites applications for instructional technology librarian, senior. under the supervision of the head of media services, coordinates acce other electronic resources; familiarity with media management sys­tems; evidence of excellent oral and written communication skills; ability to represent the library in distance education initiatives; effective supervisory and interpersonal skills. desired: an understanding of trends in academic libraries and the electronic delivery of information; experience with current trends in library support of distance education. send resume, letter of application, and the names and addresses of three references to: may 1995/365 data services/reference librariandata services/reference librarian: the university of missouri-columbia is seeking qualified applicants for the position of data services/reference librarian. principal duties include responsibility for providing library services relating to non-bibliographic textual and numeric data files, including administration, budgeting and accounting for these services; collection development; reference; referral; and, liaison functions with appropriate agencies on and off campus. thes 366/ c&rl news library systems specialistluzerne county community collegeluzerne county community college is seek­ing applications for a library systems spe­cialist. this faculty position requires an alaaccredited mls and two years experience in planning, implementing, and maintaining an automated library system. this position is title iii funded to september 30, 1995, with funding from october 1‚ 1995, to september 30, 1996, tentatively approved; continuation of position dependent upon funding.qualified applicants shou assistant director of library systems— client/server applicationsohiolinkthe ohio library and information network (ohiolink) is seeking an assistant director of library systems client/server applications to work closely with the director of library systems, with ohiolink staff, and with per­sonnel from the ohiolink member institutions in planning, implementing, and managing the ohiolink project with a primary emphasis on the creation and implementation of end-user client/server software, and the creation may 1995/367 director of the librarywest virginia state collegewest virginia state college seeks applications for the position of director of the library. the library director is responsible for the continuing development of resources that enhance and support the academic programs offered by the college. the director reports to the vice-president for academic affairs and provides leadership in all aspects of library operations and planning. the director serves on a number of college committees and works closely and coop generous holiday and sick leave; choice of health plans; life insurance; disability benefits; university-funded pension plan; tuition assistance program. available: july 1, 1995. for full consideration, please re­spond by june 1‚ 1995. applications will be accepted until position is filled. please submit a letter of application addressing qualifications, full resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers, of three references to: hazel c. stamps, director of personnel services, harvard college libr effort by accomplishing related duties as required. one of the world’s best collections of judaica materials is located in widener library. this collection is complemented by extensive holdings in other harvard libraries. the judaica division maintains comprehensive collection development, technical, and public services programs. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; graduate studies in jewish studies, preferably with a second master’s. experi­ence in cataloging of hebrew language mater 368/c&rl news information technology and engineering reference/liaison librarian(search reopened)george mason university librariesgeorge mason university, a comprehensive research university in the washington, d.c, area, is seeking a library professional to join a growing library system committed to playing an integral role in the academic initiatives of the university. creativity, initiative, and willingness to reach beyond the boundaries of the traditional library are especially prized.information technology and engine experience; $36,200 per year, minimum. major benefits include one month’s vacation; generous holiday and sick leave; choice of health plans; life insurance; disability benefits; university-funded pension plan; tuition assistance; child care scholarships. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. please submit a letter of applica­tion addressing qualifications, resume, and the names of three references to: hazel c. stamps, director of personnel services, harvard college library, widener 188 minimum. major benefits include one month’s vacation; generous holiday and sick leave; choice of health plans; life insurance; disability benefits; university-funded pension plan; tuition assistance; child care scholarships. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. please submit a letter of application addressing qualifications, re­sume, and the names of three references to: hazel c. stamps, director of personnel services, harvard college library, widener 188, cam­bridge, ma 02138. harvar may 1995/369 reference librarian, humanitiesreference librarian, humanities: the university of missouri-columbia is seeking qualified applicants for the position of reference librarian, humanities. principal duties include responsibility for providing reference services (includes some evening and weekend hours), library instruction, database searching, and collection development for history, religion, philosophy, and anthropology. provides reference assistance in all disciplines when working at the reference desk and pe 370/c&rl news public services librarianrice universitycome join our team! rice university is seeking a highly motivated public services librarian committed to working closely with users and exploring creative new ways to provide services. this librarian’s time will be divided between the reference and government publications and special resources departments, reporting to the heads of both departments. this librarian will provide reference service in both areas, teach patent and gis sessions, participate in general and s have some supervisory responsibility. may participate in some collection development or public service duties within special collectionsand will coordinate with the head of cataloging and work closely withthe cataloging department. graduate degree in library science froman ala-accredited school is required with additional graduate degree(s)in a humanities discipline highly desirable. experience in rare bookcataloging preferred. a strong working knowledge of latin and at leastone other western european langu volumes from the 16th century, with at least one title from each year in the century; 300 volumes of early editions and studies on george berkeley from the a. a. luce collection; an equal number of early volumes on edmund burke from the collection of william todd; and about 700 volumes on thomistic studies in german from the 16th to 18th century. the position carries faculty status, with a base salary of $29,000 for a new mls; higher salary negotiable based on experience. for assured consideration, applicat may 1995/371 open positionsuniversity of nevada, las vegas librariesenvironment: unlv is a growing urban institution with a deep appreciation of the balance between the importance of undergraduate education and a true commitment to scholarly research, artistic creation, and graduate education. unlv has an enrollment of more than 20,000 students and is surrounded by a community of about one million. the 1994/95 library materials budget exceeds $2,500,000 with a printed collection size of 723,000 and more than one million ment of electronic resources. duties include participation in and coordination of reference services, and further development of the library electronic reference services, including lans, cd-roms, and internet, with a variety of microcomputer hardware, operating sys­tems, and library applications. the successful candidate may also participate in materials selection and occasionally perform biblio­graphic instruction. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls, strong interpersonal communication skills, expe tions: three to five years experience in managing lans and variou pc or cd-rom applications, and demonstrated skills or experience in reference service, experience in coordinating programs with col­leagues. the lcsc library holds more than 180,000 volumes and subscribes to over 1,000 periodicals. as an active local consortium member, the library coordinates with school, public, private nonprofit, and college libraries from 11 organizations in 32 locations in northcentral idaho and southeastern washington, 372/c&rl news public service librarian (technology applications)monmouth universitymonmouth university is seeking a knowledgeable, energetic, and creative librarian to join the guggenheim library’s reference department with principal responsibility for management of the library’s electronic information resources. in collaboration with colleagues, the successful candidate will plan, evaluate, implement, and maintain all networked, cd-rom, and internet information sources. other duties include sharing the staffing of the r school and library. salary: $28,000 for 12 months. rank: assistant professor. submit letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: paul krause, director of library services, lewis-clark state college, 500 8th ave., lewiston, id 83501. application dead­line: may 15, 1995. starting date: july 1, 1995. aa/eoe/ada.reserve/multimedia services librarian. entry-level posi­tion. reports to: head, circulation and resen/e sen/ices and head, media center. responsibilities: oversees the reserve unit center. oversees or performs the activities of the mitchell media center multimedia lab. responsibilities include: (1) supervises the overall operation of the mitchell media center multimedia lab. trains students, faculty, and staff involved with multimedia development. (2) supervises multimedia lab student assistants. interviews and makes hiring decisions; prepares evaluations; trains and schedules student assistants. (3) assists library and media center staff in maintaining the library’s world-wide web an may 1995/373 public services librarian/user educationmarshall universityleads and coordinates user education efforts of the library. also provides general reference services using print and nonprint resources, helps develop reference collection, searches computer databases, and acts as liaison to the library science program. evening and weekend hours required. complete job description available by e-mail from balch@muvms6.mu.wvnet.edu or by mail.minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls; strong service orientation and technology desired. excellent verbal and written communication skills are essential. salary: $26,000 minimum. send letter of applica­tion and resume, including names and addresses of three references to: peter devlin, personnel librarian, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60208-2300. applications must be received by june 15, 1995. northwestern university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. hiring is contingent upon eligibility to work in the united states.special collections ca systems librarian. manages computer systems, including an innovative interfaces integrated library system, a cd-rom lan with reference databases, gopher and www, and other applications. participates in planning and implementing new computer applications. recommends equipment and software for purchase. provides training to library staff in the use of new equipment, software, and remote information sources such as the internet. supervises one systems coordinator and one student assistant. qualifications: ala 374/c&rl news ties, including, but not limited to, reference, instruction, collectiondevelopment, and cataloging. required qualifications: mls degreefrom an ala-accredited institution. strong interpersonal and com­munication skills and ability to work effectively in a multicultural,multiethnic environment. high level of information literacy andcomputer competency. competence in one or more of the following:general reference, library instruction, government information ser­vices, collection development, and complex catalo studies; or chicano studies. current in-depth experience in technol­ogy applications to academic library operations and information delivery systems. experience with innopac/innovacq. fluency in spanish, mandarin, cantonese, vietnamese, korean, or japa­nese. serials cataloging experience. rank and salary: appointment at rank of senior assistant librarian (assistant professor) or asso­ciate librarian (associate professor); salary range: $32,712$65,868; rank and salary dependent on qualificatoins. tenure no late job listingsch for the director of n is a college of 1,100 d facilities and shares nal staff. the director library director. adrian college is reopening its searshipman library. located near ann arbor and toledo, adriastudents and 70 faculty. the library director supervises staff anresponsibilities for reference and other tasks with the professiowill be involved in the college’s campaign to expand and renovate the library building. the position requires an mls from an ala-accredited program. expectations for the position include experience with team-oriented library administration, enthusiasm for electronic diss acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries october 1990 / 901 knowledge of oclc, dra and library computer applications pre­ ferred. must be willing to participate in the administration of related technical service functions. minimum qualifications: ala-accred­ ited mls. minimum of three years library experience and develop­ ment of responsible managerial skills. salary from $27k depend­ ent on experience and qualifications. this is a full-time position. to apply, send resume with three references to: john c. secco, director of human resources, bard college, annandale-on hudson, ny 12504. applications will be reviewed as received. bard college is an independent liberal arts institution located 90 miles from nyc in the hudson valley. bard college is an affirma­ tive action, equal opportunity employer. assistant reference librarian. one of ten reference li­ brarians responsible for giving general reference service in the humanities and social sciences. duties include service at the reference desk, participation in bibliographic instruction, database and cd-rom searching, and selection of library materials for one or more subject areas. required: ala-mls, ability to lecture effec­ tively, strong academic background in the social sciences or hu­ manities. preferred: 1 to 2 years reference experience in a re­ search or academic library, experience with computer searching/ cd-rom, facility in at least one foreign language. faculty status and expectations. excellent fringe benefits. minimum salary $23,500. submit letter, resume, and names, addresses and phone numbers of four references by october 31 ‚ 1990, to: carol tobin, thomas cooper library, university of south carolina, columbia, sc 29208. the university of south carolina is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. automation librarian. responsibilities include coordinat­ ing development of library computer systems, developing micro­ computer applications, coordinating the selection and implemen­ tation of an integrated system, and training staff and patrons in the use of automated systems. qualifications include ala-accredited mls; experience with library automation in an academic library required. salary $24,000 plus benefit package. please send res­ ume and letters of reference to: joyce davis, associate librarian, fishburn library, p.o. box 9000, hollins college, roanoke, va 24020. hollins college is an equal opportunity employer. cataloger, cornell university. 50% art /architecture, 50 % science/humanities. responsible for descriptive and subject cataloging using aacr2, lcsh, and lc classification, and for authority work. cataloging done on notis system with upload to rlin. qualifications required: 2-3 years cataloging experience using aacr2, lcsh, marc formats, automated systems (rlin, notis preferred); one western european language (working knowledge of other languages desirable); evidence of profes­ sional commitment, and good interpersonal skills. subject back­ ground in fine arts highly desirable. expected salary range $23,000-$25,000 depending on qualifications. applications due october 31. send cover letter, resume, and the names, addresses and phone numbers for three references to: ann dyckman, direc­ tor of personnel, 201 olin library, cornell university, ithaca, ny 14853-5301. cornell university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cataloger, humanities/medieval studies, search reo­ pened. responsible, under head of original cataloging, for cata­ loging monographs and serials in all formats in oclc/notis, in the humanities, with emphasis on medieval studies materials. mls from an ala-accredited program, with undergraduate degree in medieval studies or relevant field. strong working knowledge of latin and at least one other european language required; addi­ tional languages highly desirable. knowledge of library of con­ gress classification and subject headings, aacr2, and marc formats required. advanced studies in a related area and experi­ ence in the cataloging department of an academic library desir­ able. salary: $23,000 minimum; tiaa; 20 days vacation. open until qualified candidate found. send resume, supporting letter and three references to: peggy weissert, human resources repre­ sentative, university libraries, theodore m. hesburgh library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556. cataloger, latin american materials. responsible for: cataloging and classification of latin american monographic and microform materials using oclc and notis systems. acts as catalog department liaison to latin american library. participates in catalog department training and policy-making activities. re­ the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $6.00 per line for acrl members, $7.60 for others. late job notices are $14.50 per line for members, $17.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a written order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary figure. job announce­ ments will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. appli­ cants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for academic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. contact: classified advertising department, acrl, ameri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795; (312) 280-2513. ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications or placement services comply with ala anti-discrimination policies. policy 54.3 states that “ala is committed to equality of opportunity for all library employees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life-style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala services, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. wanted review librarians to receive free, new issue cd-rom discs. to qualify you must send us a letter on library stationery outlining your current computer system and the cd-rom discs you use. contact: quanta press, incorporated, p.o. box 8044, saint paul, mn 55114; (612)641-0714. positions open assistant librarian. bard college is seeking candidates for an immediate opening for a systems and automation librarian. principal responsibilities include implementation of an online cata­ log and planning for the installation of other integrated modules. 902 / c&rl news ports to head of catalog department. qualifications: ala-accred ited mls or equivalent; reading knowledge of spanish and at least one other modern language, preferably portuguese; knowledge of aacr2, lcri, lcsh, lc classification, and marc formats; strong communication and interpersonal skills. preferred: advanced de­ gree in latin american studies; cataloging experience, including working knowledge of oclc and an integrated online system. appointment at librarian i or ii level depending on experience; minimum salary, $22,050. twelve-month academic appointment. liberal benefits, including immediate tuition waivers for self and dependents. review of applications will begin october 15, 1990. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: andrea brigalia, administrative assistant, howard-tilton me­ morial library, tulane university, new orleans, la 70118. tulane university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. coordinator of computer assisted reference services, reference department, ekstrom library, university of louisville (tenure-track position, search reopened). the university of louisville is kentucky’s major state-affiliated urban institution. the university libraries’ system consists of six libraries, including law, health sciences, and university archives. located on two campuses, the libraries employ 40 faculty and 90 full-time staff, contain approximately one million volumes, support an acquisi­ tions budget of $2 million, and add 30,000 volumes annually. the libraries are members of solinet and have implemented the notis-based integrated library system. library faculty promotion and tenure requirements include evidence of scholarly or creative activity and professional involvement. the university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. responsibilities: under supervision of head, reference department, coordinates and promotes computer-assisted reference services, including analy­ sis of current services and future development of new services. consults with office of library systems on technical aspects of these services. serves as liaison to database vendors and office of library systems. provides reference desk service, including night and weekend duty, participates in bibliographic instruction, conducts online searches, assists users with cd-roms and notis opac, and selects reference materials in designated areas. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; 2 years experience online database services, using vendors such as dialog or brs; 1 year experience providing end-user services, including cd-roms and opacs; experience troubleshooting microcomputer hardware and software problems; knowledge of computer-assisted reference services such as expert systems, e mail, statistical datafiles, external databases, interactive video, and cai; effective oral and written communication skills; strong interpersonal skills; leadership and organizational skills; ability to meet faculty promotion and tenure requirements. preferred: expe­ rience in working at a reference desk and/or in providing biblio­ graphic instruction in an academic library; working knowledge of a variety of microcomputer software packages and their applica­ tions; experience in evaluation, selection and implementation of microcomputer hardware and software. benefits, salary, and rank: 22 days leave, holidays, life and health insurance options, choice of retirements plans, including tiaa-cref, and tuition remission. faculty rank commensurate with applicant’s qualifications and experience. salary $20,000 minimum. review of applications will begin november 1 ‚ 1990. submit letter of application, current vita, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three refer­ ences to: kay womack, chair, search committee, reference department, ekstrom library, university of louisville, louisville, ky 40292. curator, history and science collections. duties: responsible to the dean of university libraries for the manage­ ment, development and security of the history of science collec­ tions. the curator plans, implements, and evaluates programs for collection development, reference service, research, and financial support. the curator works closely with the faculty of the history of science department in supporting research and teaching pro­ grams. this position is governed by the university’s policies for teaching, research, or creative achievement, and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifications: re­ quired: ph.d. in history of science or a related discipline, or equivalent experience; experience in special collection develop­ ment; management experience; ability to work effectively with faculty, staff, students, and patrons; effective oral and written communications skills; record of scholarship sufficient to quality for faculty appointment in the university libraries. desirable: mls from an ala-accredited library school. proficiency in one or more foreign languages relevant to the history of science discipline. first screening date: november 15, 1990. available: january 1, 1991. search will remain open until filled. salary: $38,000 (nego­ tiable based on qualifications and experience). benefits: tiaa/ cref; state retirement system; comprehensive medical protec­ tion; group life insurance; 21 days vacation; university holidays; generous sick leave. history of science collections: the history of science collections contain more than 79,000 volumes supporting research and teaching programs in the history of science. the collections include numerous rare editions by the world’s foremost scientists. the collections are housed in a modern, environmen­ tally controlled facility in the newest wing of the main library building. the collections staff, under the direction of the curator, has one faculty librarian position, two classified staff positions and a number of student assistants. university libraries: a member of the research libraries group, amigos, and arl, the university libraries consist of a main library and six branches. the collection salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for govern­ mental agencies that employ librarians. the recommenda­ tions are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recom­ mendations for minimum salaries. for information on librar­ ian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended minimums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey o f librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administra­ tive compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel resources. connecticut indiana iowa kansas louisiana maine massachusetts new hampshire new jersey new york north carolina ohio pennsylvania rhode island south carolina south dakota vermont west virginia wisconsin $27,000 varies* $20,580 $17,500* $20,000 varies* $27,554* $17,500 $24,200 varies* $20,832 $20,024 $23,700* $23,750 varies* $20,000 $21,500 $20,000 $23,700 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a profes­ sional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. october 1990/ 903 assistant university librarian for collections the gelman library invites applications for the position of assistant university librarian for collections. the university, founded in 1821 ‚ is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational institution accredited by the middle states association of colleges and universities. gw has an enrollm ent of over 18,000 students in nine colleges, schools and divisions including over 8,000 graduate and professional students. the university employs more than 1,200 full-time faculty members and almost 6,000 other professional and staff employees. the gelman library contains 1.3 million volumes, has a staff of 30 professionals and 97 classified personnel. the library is inaugurating a new information network, aladin, that links the records of the eight mem ber university libraries of the w ashington research library consortium. the total collections budget is $1.5 million. the aul has responsibility for overall adm inistration, direction and coordination of collection de velopm ent/m anagem ent, acquisitions, cataloging/system s, preservation/binding, and special col­ lections. will provide leadership in implementation of an access budget to supplem ent ownership of collections. o ther duties include: plans for and coordinates the utilization of new technologies to enhance library operations and services using an integrated library system linked with regional and national networks; provides adm inistrative assistance to the university librarian in budgeting, planning and development. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; evidence of continued professional growth and adm inistrative responsibility in collection developm ent/m anagem ent and technical services with a dem onstrated record of creative leadership. must understand scholarly research needs and methods. must dem onstrate strong com m unication and public relations skills as well as ability to work with all segm ents of the academ ic community. strongly preferred: graduate degree in subject field or specialized knowledge/experience in an area of required competence. minimum salary: $52,000 for a 12 month contract. salary is negotiable based on qualifications and experience. the position is available january 1 ‚ 1991. review of applications will begin october 25,1990, and continue until the position has been filled. please send current resume and list of three references and telephone numbers to: andrea stewart executive associate gelman library the george w ashington university 2130 h street nw, room 201 w ashington, dc 20052 gwu is an eaual opportunitv/affirmative action employer. contains more than 2.2 million volumes, 16,000 periodical sub­ scriptions, and three outstanding special collections of history of science, western history, and business history. the libraries has implemented the public access catalog, cataloging, authority control, and circulations functions of the notis system. applica­ tion: send letter of application with resume, a list of publications and the names of three references including current supervisor to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019; (405) 325 2611. oklahoma university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. we encourage women and minority applicants and we are responsive to the needs of dual career couples. 904 / c&rl news coordinator for user education the george w ashington university announces a search for coordinator for user education. position: coordinator for user education appointm ent salary minimum: $28,000 library assignm ent: reference and instruction departm ent position description: as coordinator for user education: plans, coordinates and evaluates the bibliographic instruction program for gelman library, including: an active course-related instruction program, printed guides and bibliographies, a self paced research guide, term paper assistance appointm ents for undergraduate students, and developm ent of media productions and com puter-assisted-instruction program s as appropriate. provides leadership and advice for librarians throughout the library who provide discipline-specific instruction. offers training programs and participates in perform ance evaluation. serves as chair of the instructional publications review board which coordinates the library’s publication program of instructional materials, and serves on other library committees. as a mem ber of the reference and instruction department: provides reference services to faculty, graduate and undergraduate students, and staff in all academ ic and professional fields, except law and medicine. offers online com puter searching and trains faculty and students to conduct their own searches. as a subject specialist: serves as liaison to selected academ ic departm ents. qualifications required: mls from an ala accredited program. ability to work effectively with the public and co-workers, and extensive experience in bibliographic instruction are required. qualifications preferred: subject background in education, knowledge of learning theory and applications for adult learning, experience in media design and production, writing and editing skills, and experience or coursew ork in online com puter searching. position available: fall 1990 deadline for application: for full consideration, please respond by october 31 ‚ 1990. the search will remain open until the position is filled. please send current resume and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: andrea stewart executive associate the melvin gelman library the george w ashington university 2130 h street nw -room 201 w ashington, dc 20052 the george washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. director of the library, trinity college of vermont (search extended). the position: reporting to the vice president for aca­ demic affairs, the library director oversees a staff of nine, includ­ ing two professional associate librarians, and participates in academic planning and governance through membership on the academic council. the college: we are known for our integration of traditional and non-traditional learners, our blending of profes­ sional education and the liberal arts, and our general education program. in 1991 we will inaugurate the first of three new master’s programs. unprecedented enrollment growth in recent years has october 1990 / 905 reached a peak of 1,400 students, the largest in our history. a dramatic new library building opened in 1985, a fine arts complex opens this fall, and a new learning center is planned for next year. the location: trinity’s 17 acre campus, adjacent to the university of vermont, is in the heart of burlington, the home of five colleges, a major teaching hospital, ibm, digital, and general electric. on the shore of lake champlain, minutes from major ski areas, burlington is considered one of america’s most livable cities. salary: $35,000-$40,00. qualifications: mls with prefer­ ence given to candidates with a master’s or ph.d. in a liberal arts field. timeline: the position is available now. we seek an out­ standing leader to direct our library, and we will review applica­ tions until an appointment is made. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. letters of application or nomination should be forwarded to: robert hahn, vice president for academic affairs, trinity college, burlington, vt 05401. aa/eoe. director of public relations and development. the university of nevada, reno library seeks professional expe­ rienced in public relations and informational writing to head its publications, grant-writing, gift program, and fund-raising activi­ ties. specific assignments include planning and writing/editing of internal and external library publications and news articles; coor­ dinating the fund-raising activities and special events for the friends of the library and other library groups managing the receipt, handling, and acknowledgement of gifts of books and other library materials; initiating and assisting with grant propos­ als; and participating in major fund raising for the library. reports to the dean of libraries. for public relations and development activities, reports also to the university’s director of public rela­ tions and director of development, respectively. ala-accredited library degree or a bachelor’s degree or higher in public relations or other appropriate field. minimum of 4 years of experience in one or more of the following: public relations, public information, grant writing, institutional fund raising. excellent communication, writ­ ing and interpersonal skills. appropriate computer skills are re quired. faculty status requires that faculty standards for appoint­ ment, promotion and tenure must be met. salary open, depending upon qualifications and experience (minimum $33,503). no state income tax. 12-month appointment; tiaa/cref; 24 working days vacation, generous sick leave. send resume and names and addresses of 3 references to: mary ansari, assistant university librarian, university of nevada, reno library, reno, nv 89557. to ensure full consideration, applicants are encouraged to have all application information on file by 12/1/90. position will remain open until filled. an aa/eo employer, hiring only individuals lawfully authorized to work in the u.s. east asian studies librarian, the university of iowa libraries, iowa city. position description: under the direction of the coordinator of the humanities division the incumbent will: 1) select materials in all formats and in chinese, japanese, korean, english, and other european languages relating to east asia; 2) provide bibliographic and reference assistance and support to faculty, students, and staff on east asian topics; 3) coordinate and implement user education in appropriate subject areas; 4) perform original and adapt complex copy cataloging in all formats for materials in east asian languages; 5) work with the preserva­ tion librarian on the preservation and conservation of materials in east asian languages; 6) represent the university libraries on campus as a member of caps (center for asian and pacific studies) and pac (program in asian civilization) and work with appropriate faculty to support interest in east asia throughout the university and the state; 7) represent the university libraries at pertinent rlg and other professional meetings and conferences. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent; demonstrated working knowledge of chi­ nese or japanese, with basic knowledge of the counterpart language; excellent written and verbal communication skills; knowledge of east asian studies as an academic discipline; substantial knowledge of or experience with lc classification, lcsh, aacr2, and marc formats; demonstrated ability to work effectively with faculty and library colleagues; commitment to professional involvement. desired: some knowledge of korean; some knowledge of european languages; library experience in some aspect of east asian studies; experience with major biblio­ graphic utilities; relevant experience in an academic or research library cataloging operation; advanced work in east asian stud­ ies. salary and appointment: appointment rank and salary will be based on relevant experience and educational background. appointment categories are librarian i (minimum salary $22,430), librarian ii (minimum salary $28,400) or librarian iii (minimum salary $33,250). the university offers an attractive package of benefits including 25 days of paid vacation per year, tiaa/cref retirement, and a flexible selection of medical, life insurance, dental, vision, childcare credit, and additional benefits. the ul libraries: the ul library system consists of the main library and 11 departmental libraries (art, music, business, and the sciences, including the health sciences). with some 3 million volumes, the collections of the ul libraries rank 29 out of 107 in the association of research libraries. the libraries uses a notis-based auto­ mated system called oasis. the university is a member of the research libraries group, and staff are actively engaged in na­ tional cooperative efforts, including cooperative cataloging. the university and iowa city: a major research and teaching institution, the university of iowa offers recognized programs in a wide variety of areas. the university consists of a faculty of some 1,600 serving 28,000 students, 9,000 of whom are registered in graduate degree programs. iowa city is a community with excellent educational, recreational, and cultural advantages, and is readily accessible via interstate highways and a major airport only 30 miles away. application procedures: applications received by november 15, 1990, will receive first consideration. minorities and women are particularly encouraged to apply. qualified individuals should submit a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: barbara i. dewey, director of administrative and access services, university of iowa libraries, iowa city, ia 52242; (319) 335-5867. the univer­ sity of iowa is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. education librarian. east carolina university is seeking applicants for an education librarian position. duties include the development, design, and coordination of the library’s educational programs in information retrieval and management, providing clients assistance in the reference areas, and assisting with spe­ cial projects. applicants must have an mls from an accredited library school. they must also meet one of the following require­ ments: undergraduate or graduate degree in the basic/life/health sciences; course work or internship in health sciences librarian ship; or one year or equivalent experience in an academic health sciences library. educational design experience and/or course work preferred. minimum salary: $24,250. resume, two letters of reference, and transcripts for all academic work required for appli­ cant screening which will begin on november 15,1990. contact: jo ann bell, director, health sciences library, east carolina univer­ sity, greenville, nc 27858-4354. federal law requires proper documentation of identity and employability at time of employment. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, art and architecture library, university of cali­ fornia, san diego. rank: associate librarian: salary: $33,444 $48,180; or rank: librarian: salary: $44,964-$62,352. ucsd is an equal opportunity affirmative action employer and specifically seeks candidates who can make contributions in an environment of cultural and ethnic diversity. responsibilities: under the head of the associate university librarian— collections, the department head will be responsible for planning and directing library services for the school of architecture, the department of the visual arts, and other campus users of slides and art and architecture collec­ tions; supervising and developing staff; developing and managing collections in the area of architecture; providing specialized refer­ ence service and instruction in the area of architecture; working closely with faculty to determine the needs of users; representing the department and library as appropriate. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. successful experience in relevant library program planning and management; knowledge of architecture as a professional field and knowledge of architectural library material sufficient to develop collections and services to support instruction and research; ability to manage and provide leadership in a fast-changing growth environment; strong interper­ sonal skills; effective oral and written communications skills. desirable qualifications: experience in architecture or visual arts or slide library; knowledge of recent developments in art, architecture and slide librarianship, especially new technology in these fields; experience or skill in fundraising and grant proposal writing. ucsd librarians are expected to participate in librarywide activities and to be active professionally. appointees at the rank of librarian will be expected to bring substantial relevant experience and expertise to the position. applications received by november 30, 1990, will be assured of consideration. submit a letter of application, enclos9 0 6 / c&rl news ing a resume and a list of references to: janet tait, assistant for academic personnel, library, 0175h -1,9500 gilman dr., univer­ sity of california, san diego, la jolla, ca 92093-0175. head, catalog department. supervise monograph and serial cataloging activities, including creation and maintenance of official files and records in department of 14, including four librari­ ans. define goals of department in accord with library goals. recruit, train, supervise, and evaluate library personnel. maintain awareness of new developments in cataloging and be prepared to incorporate them, as appropriate, into local procedures. participate effectively in planning for and installation of integrated library system and completion of retrospective conversion. communicate effectively verbally and in writing. demonstrate positive human leadership skills including participation in department heads coun­ cil. required: ala-accredited mls. five years successful catalog­ ing experience, including minimum of three years relevant super­ visory experience. demonstrated knowledge of library automation, experience in use of oclc of run, effective oral and written communications skills, commitment to professional growth. pre­ ferred: working knowledge of two foreign languages, advanced subject degree, experience with integrated library system. an independent university committed to the jesuit tradition, st. louis university, founded in 1818, operates three campuses, in addition to main frost campus in midtown st. louis. has enrollment of 11,560, faculty of 995, and support and administrative staff of 1,933. in addition to pius xii, system includes libraries in law, medical, and social service schools, and at parks college cam­ pus. assistant or associate professor (non-tenure track), salary dependent on qualifications, minimum $32,000. application dead­ line: november 15, 1990. position to begin on january 15, 1991. send resume, including names, addresses, and telephone num­ bers of three professional references, by november 15, 1990 to: director’s office, head of cataloging search, pius xii memorial library, st. louis university, 3650 lindell blvd., st. louis, mo 63108-3302. saint louis university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women, minorities, the handicapped and vietnam-era veterans are encouraged to apply. head, cataloging department. responsible for the daily operation of the cataloging department including examination and documentation of policies and procedures in an automated envi­ ronment. sets priorities and establishes workflow. supervises original and copy cataloging, database maintenance, recon project and online authority work. coordinates procedures relating to other departments. the department is responsible for cataloging of monographs, serials, a-v, music, and selected government docu­ ments. sims memorial library is a notis library with the acquisi­ tions, cataloging, and opac modules implemented. the depart­ ment head supervises one professional, 3 paraprofessionals and student workers and reports to the assistant director for technical services. qualifications: accredited mls, knowledge of and expe­ rience with aacr2, lcsh, lc and dewey classifications, and oclc. 3 to 4 years progressively responsible supervisory and cataloging experience. demonstrated communication and training skills. experience in the management or maintenance of an online public access database and familiarity with the use of microcompu­ ters. twelve-month faculty position. assistant professor, tenure track. salary: $28,000. applications meeting required qualifica­ tions and received by october 31 will be assured consideration. send letter of application and resume with the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: kim justice, sims memorial library, southeastern louisiana university, p.o. drawer 896, hammond, la 70402. head, database management. position currently open. serves as the supervisor of the database management section of the bibliographic control unit in the technical services division. reports to the head, bibliographic control and overseas a section consisting of 7.55 fte staff positions and several temporary employees in two functional units— database maintenance, which provides online maintenance and quality control of the wsu local online catalog; and marking, which provides the physical marking of items in the wsu libraries collections. may also perform original cataloging of monographs and/or serials in a variety of formats. librarians are appointed as members of the washington state university faculty and are expected to participate actively in the university’s instructional, research, and service programs. all privileges, obligations, and research responsibilities of faculty are inherent in such membership. librarians are ranked in grades of 2, curator of rare books special collections/archives t r he st u ate u t nive g rsity o e f ne r w jer s sey responsible for collection development, catalog­ ing, and m aintenance of rare books and select manuscript collections. coordinates, curates schol­ arly exhibitions; w orks with faculty and donors; and assists with publications, fundraising, public service and outreach activities. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, 3 years ft library experience cataloging rare books, relevant experience curating rare books and exhibitions required, preferably in an academ ic/research li­ brary. advanced subject degree(s), western euro­ pean languages com petency preferred. knowledge of aacr2, marc tags and online system experi­ ence required. excellent com m unication skills and scholarly potential essential. salary: negotiable, dependent upon experience and qualifications; m inim um $33,370, tenure-track appointm ent plus excellent benefits. profile: special collections/archives, located in new brunswick, has system wide responsibility for rare books, manuscripts, the university archives and new jersey collections. collection strengths, am ong others, are new jersey, british, and a m eri­ can political works, w esterners in the o rient and agricultural w orks. subm it resum es and three sources for current reference no later than o ctober 26 to: sandra t roy (a pp165) library personnel officer rutgers university libraries 169 college avenue new brunswick, nj 08903 fax: (201)932-7637 minorities are encouraged to apply. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 3, and 4, equivalent to the academic ranks of assistant professor, associate professor, and professor. a progressive record of pro fessional/scholarly achievem ent is expected of all librarians. required: ala-accredited mls or its foreign equivalent; profes­ sional cataloging experience in an academic or research library, including a substantial component of fully original cataloging; extensive knowledge of national and international standards, in­ cluding aacr2 and lcsh; experience with a bibliographic utility and familiarity with local online systems. preferred: experience in a database maintenance or quality control unit; experience with a variety of formats, subjects, and languages; supervisory experi­ ence; demonstrated verbal and written communication skills. sal­ ary: from $25,000; commensurate with qualifications and experi­ ence. rank: librarian 2 or 3, commensurate with qualifications and experience; full faculty status. benefits: tiaa/cref, broad insur­ ance program, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year sick leave. applica­ tion procedures: send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, acting director of libraries, october 1990 / 907 dean and university librarian university of cincinnati the university of cincinnati invites nominations and applications for the position of dean and university librarian. the dean and university librarian reports to the senior vice president and provost and is the chief academic and executive officer for the university libraries system. the position is also responsible for coordinating cooperative programs among all u.c. libraries. university libraries is comprised of a central library, ten college and departmental libraries and media services. there are 40 library faculty and 130 support staff. the collection includes over 1,300,000 volumes. the current budget is $8.6 million. the university of cincinnati is a charter member of the association of research libraries. the dean has great latitude in the overall management and administration of the university libraries. the dean provides vision and leadership in developing strategic plans and policies to meet the teaching and research missions of university libraries. the dean fosters an effective internal management structure which is responsible for collection development and management, library services, personnel resources, automation, and cooperative programs. the dean aggressively builds the resources of university libraries through fund-raising and grantsmanship. the dean provides strong representation of university libraries to the university administration, and is a member of the deans council, the graduate council and in campus information technology planning. the university of cincinnati (1819) is one of two comprehensive, doctoral granting universities in the state of ohio university system. the enrollment exceeds 35,000, including over 5,000 graduate students. the university has initiatives underway to enhance its research stature and to improve undergraduate education. qualifications: the successful candidate must have a masters in library science from an ala accredited institution. a ph.d. is preferred. other qualifications include demonstrated leadership within and outside the library system; at least five years of successful high-level management experience in a research library; demonstrated achievement in dealing with changing trends in research libraries and in the application of new technologies; a record of both professional and scholarly achievement; strong human relations skills and ability to communicate effectively; a commitment to affirmative action; imagination and resourcefulness in planning the utilization and development of resources. the salary range is $80,000 to $90,000. nominations and applications will be reviewed beginning november 15,1990; however, they will be received until an appointment is made. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. resumes with a list of references should be sent to: dean robert j. werner, chair dean and university librarian search committee 640 langsam library cincinnati, ohio 45221 -0033 uc is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. washington state university libraries, pullman, wa 99164 5610. application review begins: october 26. 1990. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action educa­ tor and employer. members of ethnic minorities, women, vietnam era or disabled veterans, persons of disability, and/or persons between the ages of 40-70 are encouraged to apply. head reference librarian. coordinate reference services, bibliographic instruction, computer assisted information retrieval, and develop and maintain the reference collection. develop and implement department policies, procedures and activities. super­ vise professional librarians, support staff, student assistants and desk service. supervise 4.4 fte staff. qualifications: requires mls/ala, five years library experience including three years reference experience, commitment to active library service. super­ visory skills, knowledge of reference techniques, online searching, and bibliographic instruction methods, familiarity with technology in reference services. ability to meet tenure guidelines. minimum salary: $28,000. twelve-month, tenure-track position. 22 vacation days. excellent benefits. begins january 14, 1991, or as soon thereafter as possible. request full announcement or send appli­ cation letter, resume and three letters of reference to: cheryl 908 / c&rl news six positions north carolina state university, one of the nation’s outstanding land-grant institutions, is the state’s largest academ ic institution. with over 25,000 students, it offers doctoral degrees in 48 fields of study. first am ong north carolina universities in total research volum e, ncsu is currently fifth among am erican universities in industry-sponsored r&d expenditures. the ncsu libraries is a m em ber of the association of research libraries and the center for research libraries. applications and nom inations are invited for the following positions. head, n atural resources library. under the direction of the assistant director for public services, has adm inistrative responsibility for the natural resources library. plans and develops program s in collection m anagem ent and public services supporting the college of forest resources and the departm ent of marine, earth, and atm ospheric sciences. plans and im plements services utilizing new technology to meet user needs. serves as a m em ber of the libraries’ middle m anagem ent group. q ualifications: ala accredited mls. substantial experience in an academ ic or special research library, serving science and technology. substantive experience with com puterized literature searching. effective interpersonal skills and some adm inistrative and supervisory experience. preferred: academ ic background in or substantial working experience in at least one of the fields supported by the library. experience with the applications of technology to the delivery of library services, including m icrocom puter applications. hiring range: $31,000-$38,000. head, veterinary m edical library. under the direction of the assistant director for public services, has adm inistrative responsibility for the veterinary medical library. plans and develops program s in collection m anagem ent and public services. plans and im plem ents services utilizing new technology to meet user needs. serves as a m em ber of the libraries’ middle m anagem ent group. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. substantial experience in an academ ic or special research library, serving medicine or health sciences. substantive experience with com puterized literature searching. effective interpersonal skills and some adm inistrative and supervisory experience. preferred: mla certification. experience with the application of technology to the delivery of library services, including m icrocom puter applications. hiring range: $31,000-$38,000. a ssistant head, a cquisitions d epartm ent (new position). under the direction of the departm ent head, shares responsibility for planning, managing, and providing creative leadership oriented towards high standards of quality, productivity, and accountability. takes part in im plem enting autom ated acquisitions, developing fund allocation mechanism s, and upgrading data collection for monitoring and analysis. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. substantial experience and proven ability in acquisitions, either m onographs or serials, in an academ ic library. dem onstrated interpersonal skills, including excellent oral and written communication. good analytical and organizational skills. experience with automated technical services. strong com m itm ent to responsive and innovative service. supervisory experience preferred. hiring range: $28,000-$33,000. a ssistant head, catalog departm ent. under the direction of the departm ent head, shares responsibility for planning, managing, and providing creative leadership in a departm ent dedicated to high standards of cataloging quality and quantity in an online environm ent. departm ental activities include retrospective conversion of serials and database maintenance of bis, the libraries’ local online catalog. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. substantial experience and proven ability in cataloging, either monographic or serial, cutsforth, chair, recruitment committee, mcintyre library, uni­ versity of wisconsin— eau claire, eau claire, wl 54702-5010. applications received after october 26, 1990, cannot be assured of consideration. uwec is an aa/eeo employer highly interested in minority and women applicants. head, serials cataloging unit, university of minnesota libraries, central technical services department, serials man­ agement division. the university of minnesota libraries— twin cities seeks qualified applicants for the position of head of serials cataloging unit, which is a unit within the serials management division of the central technical services department. the seri­ als cataloging unit is responsible for the bibliographic control of over 20,000 active serial titles in the social sciences, humanities, physical sciences, and engineering. this unit includes 1 profes­ sional and 3 paraprofessional positions. responsibilities: per­ forms original and complex copy cataloging and classification of serials in accordance with national standards. under the direction of the head of the serials management division, manages serials cataloging unit. supervises, trains, and evaluates staff; monitors workflow; develops operational procedures; and acts as liaison between the serials management division and other library units concerning serials cataloging. qualifications: requirements in­ clude ala-accredited mls or foreign equivalent, at least 3 years of professional experience with substantive serials cataloging work, which includes thorough knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, lc subject headings, and the marc format. demonstrated mana­ gerial and communication skills, as well as supervisory experience are also required. desirable qualifications include experience in a large academic or research library, reading knowledge of one or more foreign languages, and knowledge of automated serials management. appointment: this is a 12-month academic/profes october 1990 / 909 (continued from previous page) in an academic library. demonstrated interpersonal skills, including excellent oral and written communica­ tion. good analytical and organizational skills. experience with automated technical services. strong commitment to responsive and innovative service. supervisory experience preferred. hiring range: $28,000-$33,000. engineering reference librarian. under the direction of the head of reference, delivers information and research services to faculty and students in the college of engineering and in some areas of the physical sciences. assists in evaluating and implementing new electronic systems and products, in developing information services through technology, and in instructing clients in the use of research materials. as coordinator of online services, oversees the departm ent’s computerized services. qualifications: ala accredited mls. demonstrated interpersonal skills, including excellent oral and written communication. ability to plan, initiate, and implement innovative services responsive to the needs of the ncsu community. academic backgrounds or significant reference experience in physical science or engineering. substantial online searching experience. preferred: degree in physical science or engineering. experience with emerging information technologies and their application to library services. knowledge of microcomputer applications. minimum salary: $24,500. systems librarian (new position). under the direction of the assistant director for library systems, develops, implements, and manages computer-based information systems for delivery of library informa­ tion resources. works closely with department heads and assistant directors to determine automation needs, establish priorities, and develop and implement products. keeps abreast of new technologies and learns and applies technical skills in hardware and applications support, networking technologies, and user education. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. education and/or experience with computing in library setting; microcomputers and microcomputer software; applications development using high-level applica­ tions generators; and training staff in the use of applications. good interpersonal skills and systems analysis skills, including excellent oral and written communication. preferred: knowledge of networking technolo­ gies, particularly appletalk-based lans. minimum salary: $24,150. entry level candidates are encouraged to apply. benefits: librarians at ncsu have academic status without tenure or faculty rank. benefits include 24 days vacation, health insurance, and tiaa/cref or state retirement. tuition waiver program and optional dental, life, disability, deferred compensation, and legal plans are available. to apply: positions to be filled by july 1 ‚ 1991. review of applications will begin in october 15,1990, and will continue until positions are filled. to ensure full consideration, candidates must send a resume and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current, confidential references to: karen k. griffith office of personnel services box 7111 ncsu libraries raleigh, nc 27695-7111 north carolina state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. sional position with probationary appointment at assistant librarian rank, with minimum salary at $30,000. an excellent benefit package is also available. application deadline is november 30, 1990. please identify applications with ul 201. applicants should send a letter of application with detailed resume and names of three refer­ ences to: barbara doyle, personnel and staff development officer, university of minnesota libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455-0414. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer, and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. head, undergraduate library, university of california, san diego library. rank: associate librarian: $33,444-$48,180, or librarian: $44,964-$56,604. ucsd is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer and specifically seeks candidates who can make contributions in an environment of cultural and ethnic di­ versity. responsibilities: under the general direction of the as­ sociate university librarian for administrative and public serv­ ices, the incumbent is responsible for planning, developing, im­ plementing and managing the undergraduate library’s dynamic instructional program, collections, services, and operations; hir­ ing, supervising and motivating staff; providing leadership for services to undergraduates in all campus libraries; interpreting the undergraduate library program to the university community; coordinating collection development for ugl; providing refer­ ence and instructional services. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library program; demonstrated record of substantial and successful experience in providing public serv­ ices, including reference services, library instruction, and collec­ tion development. evidence of strong administrative and leader­ ship skills, including competence in planning and organizing 910 / c&rl news government documents librarian/cataloger california state university, fullerton description: serves as one of two librarians in the government documents section. super­ vises the cataloging and processing activities of several paraprofessionals and numerous student assistants. csu, fullerton is a selective depository for federal and california state documents and has substantial holdings of international and local documents as well. govern­ ment documents are fully cataloged by the section on oclc. csuf recently installed an innopac opac, and documents are in the process of being added to the opac database. responsibilities: has primary responsibility for the cataloging and technical services aspects of the documents section. serves as the section’s liaison with the department of technical services. also participates in the provision of public services for the documents collection, including patron assistance at the documents service desk. serves approximately 5-8 hours per week at the general reference desk. serves on departmental and library committees. may participate in collection development, bibliographic instruction, database searching and other duties as assigned in the department of public services. must have strong oral and written communications skills. must be able to interact effectively with all levels of students, staff, faculty, administrators, and co-workers. must be able to work in a collegial environment. requirements: master’s degree in library and information science from an ala-accredited institution of equivalent. second advanced degree or doctoral equivalency required for tenure. experience with or knowledge of selection, cataloging, and public services of government docu­ ments required. preference will be given to candidates with experience on oclc, and with experience or familiarity with opacs (especially innopac). desirable qualifications: second advanced degree or subject expertise in political science, taxation, or law. salary: level of appointment and starting salary dependent upon qualifications and experi­ ence. appointment range: assistant librarian step 4, to senior assistant librarian, step 8 ($31,692/yr.to$38,112/yr. based on a twelve-month work year.) tenure-track position. benefits: optional 10/12 month work year. twenty-four working days paid vacation per year; one day per month sick leave accumulative; 13 paid holidays; eligibility for sabbatical leave; group medical and dental insurance; standard retirement benefits under the state retirement system; optional tsas. application: please direct resume (including the names and addresses of three references) and/or request for further information to: lynn m. coppel, chair, public services recruitment committee university library california state university, fullerton p.o. box 4150 fullerton, ca 92634 for full consideration, applications should be recieved by november 1,19 9 0. position will remain open until filled. csuf is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. all personnel policies conform with the requirements of executive order 11246, title ix of the higher education amendment of 197 and other federal regulation regarding nondiscrimination. october 1990 / 911 director of serial publications/editor college & research libraries news association of college and research libraries the director of serial publications/editor, college and research libraries news manages, edits, produces, distributes, and promotes college and research libraries news, a monthly news maga­ zine, and rare books and manuscripts librarianship, a semi-annual journal; advises section news­ letter editors and coordinates the semi-annual distribution of 13 newsletters. the editor reviews, accepts, or rejects manuscripts submitted for publication in college and research libraries news; edits articles and news items that are accepted; compiles and edits regular columns and news features from a large volume of correspondence and news releases; seeks out and prepares cover art, photographs, line art and other graphic elements; prepares and monitors $300,000 budget; prepares editorial text for production using xywrite word processing software; produces laser-printed page proofs for the generation of camera-ready, typeset output using corel draw and the aldus pagemaker desktop publishing system; copyedits and proofreads classified advertising; supervises assistant editor and editorial assistant; develops automation plans for acrl serial publications; works with ala program directors and staff to advise on ala activities, including serving on ala internal committees and working on joint projects. position qualifications: required: mls degree in librarianship from ala-accredited program; knowledge of librarianship as evidenced by at least 3 years experience beyond the mls degree; 2 years of editorial experience or undergraduate degree in journalism or communication; demon­ strated excellence in writing and editing. highly desirable: experience with electronic publishing using a desktop publishing system; experience in academic librarianship. applicants must demon­ strate an ability to work effectively with a wide range of groups and individuals and a sensitivity to working with a volunteer membership organization. salary range: $29,352-$44,028; will be appointed at a salary below the midpoint of the range, based on the successful candidate’s salary history. closing date: november 15,1990. applicants should submit a letter of application; resume; and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: human resources office american library association 50 e. huron street chicago, il 60611-2795 eeo/aa employer 912 / c& rl news library system analyst/reference librarian in a d yn a m ic a n d innovative library setting. opportunity to w ork on system d e v e lo p m e n t projects in b o th tech­ nical a n d r eference services a p p li­ cations a n d to p ro v id e all types o f re fe re n ce assistance. reports 1/2 tim e to th e h ead o f systems a n d 1/2 tim e to th e h ead o f reader services. p articipate in an evening a n d w e e k ­ e n d rotation schedule in reference dept. brandeis has geac for its online sys­ te m a n d plans for a m ajor u p g ra d e w ithin th e next fe w years. also h a ve multiplatter cd-rom lan a n d other e le ctro n ic inform ation systems a va il­ a b le on ca m p u s network. salary: $23,000 for entry level, $25 410 for a t least 1 ye a r o f rele va n t e xp e ­ rience. requires mls; 1-2 years' professional a c a d e m ic library e xp e rie n ce p re ­ ferred. strong interest in a n d experi­ e n c e w ith a u t o m a te d library systems a n d m icrocom puters preferred. re­ quires e xce lle n t interpersonal a n d a n a ly tic a l skills a n d th e ability to c o m m u n ic a te e ffe c tiv e ly w ith all levels o f staff a n d patrons. back­ g ro un d in social sciences a n d hu­ manities p referred. some experience in p ro g ra m m in g desirable. send resumes to: bessie hahn, library director, brandeis university, ro box 9110, waltham, ma 02254-9110. an e q u a l o p p o rtu n ity / b r a n d e is affirm ative a c tio n university em ployer. services and directing staff. excellent oral and written communica­ tion skills. particularly valued in this position will be the ability to plan and implement innovative approaches to library information service to undergraduate students, especially services that incor­ porate new information technologies. highly desirable: supervi­ sory experience. an appointee at the librarian level would be ex­ pected to possess a record of successful management experience as well as a record of active involvement in and significant contri­ butions to the field of librarianship. ucsd librarians are expected to participate in librarywide planning activities and are expected to be active professionally. applications received by november 30, 1990, will be assured of consideration. submit a letter of applica­ tion, enclosing a resume and a list of references to: janet tait, assistant for academic personnel, library, 0175h-1 ‚ 9500 gilman dr., university of california, san diego, la jolla, ca 92093 0175. humanities reference librarian. responsible for collec­ tion development, library instruction, and computer-assisted re­ search serving the departments of art, communication and broad­ casting, english, journalism, music, philosophy and religion, and theatre and dance. participates in providing general reference service; some night and week-end duty. faculty position in the department of library public services reporting to reference services supervisor. required: ala-accredited mls and a sec­ ond master’s degree in a humanities discipline. experience in collection development, reference, and instruction in an academic/ research library is preferred. minimum salary of $25,000. open until filled. position available november 1, 1990. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: office of academic affairs, hu­ m anities reference librarian search, w estern kentucky university, bowling green, ky 42101. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. interlibrary loan coordinator. coordinates interlibrary loan service (borrowing and lending) for the main library and four branches. plans, directs, trains, and evaluates the work of 5 fte staff. establishes policies and procedures, sets priorities, performs bibliographic verification, monitors costs, maintains and evaluates statistics, prepares budget requests and reports. evaluates soft­ ware and reviews existing services for implementation of new technologies. participates in planning for networking and coopera­ tive collection development. the unit handles 40,000 requests per year. reports to the head, cooperative information services. library faculty must meet university requirements for promotion and tenure. required qualifications: master’s degree from ala accredited library school; several years post-mls library experi­ ence; knowledge of interlibrary loan practices; working knowledge of major bibliographic tools; good interpersonal and communica­ tion skills; creativity and flexibility; ability to deal with changing priorities based on client and library needs; demonstrated organ­ izational skills; the ability to make decisions. preferred qualifica­ tions: supervisory experience; experience with oclc or other automated ill subsystem; interest in and knowledge of informa­ tion systems and databases. tenure-track position. twenty-four days annual leave, tuition remission, usual benefits. assistant professor rank. minimum salary $25,000. send letter of applica­ tion, current resume, and names, addresses, and telephone num­ bers of three recent references to: jill keally, head, library person­ nel office, the university of tennessee libraries, 1015 volun­ teer boulevard, knoxville, tn 37996-1000. review of applications will begin november 15, 1990, and will continue until the position is filled. utk is an eeo/aa, title ix, section 504 employer. islamic studies librarian. catalogs islamic material; as­ sesses, manages, and develops the library’s islamic collection; establishes and maintains liaison with faculty; provides reference service in islamic studies and general reference. requires ala mls or equivalent, extensive working experience with arabic and persian collections. proficiency in arabic required, and desirable in persian, turkish, or hebrew. experience in cataloging and collection management in a research library. appointment at as sistant/associate librarian level; salary range is $27,360-$48,180. applications will be reviewed starting november 15, 1990. send resume to: detrice bankhead, assistant university librarian— personnel, university of california, santa barbara, ca 93106. ucsb is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. proof of u.s. citizenship or eligibility for u.s. employment required prior to employment. librarian. the new york academy of medicine invites nomina­ tions and applications for the position of librarian. the academy is seeking a recognized and experienced individual to support the academy mission to improve the health of the public and guide the library through technological and functional change. salary mini­ mum: $75,000. a minimum of 7 years experience in a large biomedical or academic research library, with 5 years of progres­ sively higher administrative responsibility is required. skills in management of library automation and electronic information management systems, and experience with library networking activities, long-range planning, development and marketing of services to corporate and other specialized user groups are also required. knowledge of the information needs of health profession­ als, evidence of successful grantsmanship, scholarly achievement and demonstrated commitment to personal professional develop­ ment are expected. the academy library participates in the national library of medicine regional medical library program by serving as one of seven regional medical libraries; it is a sponsoroctober 1990 / 913 director quinnipiac college instructional resources a pplications and nom inations are invited for th e position of d irector of instructional resources w hich includes responsibility for th e college library an d audiovisual center. q uinnipiac is a residential college of approxim ately 2300 full-tim e students, 1000 part-tim e and grad u ate stu d en ts in the schools of allied h ealth & n atural sciences, liberal arts an d business. the library is a m em ber of the oclc (nelinet), holds 160,000 volum es, a substantial n u m b er of m icroform units and subscribes to over 900 periodicals. the a udiovisual c en ter contains instructional audiovisual m aterials, and houses several sm all studios in support of th e college's instructional program s. professional staff includes 5 librarians and 3 audiovisual staff. qualifications include mls from ala-accredited program, and second m asters degree in a related field or a ph.d.; at least 5 years of senior adm inistrative experience in an academ ic library. successful applicant should have experience w ith library planning and facilities design, a strong co m m itm en t to public service, fam iliarity w ith auto m ated system s, including the integration of new technologies into a traditional setting. duties include planning, formulating and im plem en­ ting goals and objectives, m anaging personnel, budgets, services, facilities and collections. position available july 1 ‚ 1990. applications and/or nom inations will be accepted until the posi­ tion is filled. send letter of application, resum e and n am es of 3 professional references to: linda k. broker, associate vice president for e ducational services, q uinnipiac college, mt. c arm el a venue, h am den, ct 06518. q uinnipiac college is an equal o pportunity, a ffirm ative action em ployer. director of the university library case western reserve university case w estern reserve university is accepting nom inations an d applications for the position o f director o f the university library. case w estern reserve is com m itted to the developm ent o f a “library o f the f uture” that d o es aw ay with the conventional separation betw een library an d com puting services. at the h u b o f this learning environm ent will b e a new university library facility, a cam p u s centerpiece for teaching an d research that will com bine tradi­ tional library holdings an d services with electronic access to rem o te data an d other inform ation sources. the director m a n ag es all resources o f the university library, including staff, m aterials, budgets an d other funding, equipm ent, an d facilities to achieve the library’s overall goal o f m eeting the instructional an d research inform ation n eed s o f the university’s faculty, students, an d staff. there are separately adm inistered cam pus libraries for law, health sciences, and social work. the director reports to the vice president for information services and is responsible for a staff o f 79. qualifications include senior m a n ag em en t experience in a m ajor academ ic library, with substantial experience in staff recruitm ent, m an ag em en t, an d developm ent; significant experience in the application o f information technologies to support an d enhance library services; an d the ability to work effectively with diverse constitu­ encies within an d outside the university. we anticipate that candidates will hold an m.l.s. degree; a doctorate or other additional advanced degree is desirable. candidates m u st have a record o f initiative and achievem ent in developing program s and services, an d b e com m itted to the goals o f a research university an d to the intellectual an d service m ission o f the library. the position will be available as of sept. 1 5 ,1 9 9 0 . the anticipated appointm ent date is july 1, 1991, although an earlier appointm ent w ould b e desirable. salary is competitive, with an extensive benefits package. applications should include a letter o f interest, curriculum vitae, an d the n a m e s o f at least three references. n om inations and applications should b e sent to: chairman, search advisory com m ittee for director o f the university library, c/o office o f public affairs, case w estern reserve university, 2040 adelbert road, room 26, cleveland, oh 44106. review o f m aterials will begin at once an d continue until an appointm ent is m ade. to e n su re full consideration, nom inations and applications should be received by nov. 1, 1990. in em ploym ent as in education, case western reserve university is com m itted to affirmative action and equal opportunity. 914 / c&rl news head, brill science library miami university libraries the miami university libraries, which serve the information needs of miami university, a selective institution located in oxford, ohio, 35 miles north of cincinnati, are seeking an energetic and experienced specialist to direct the activities of brill science library. the library, with 5 librarians, 4 1 / 2 support staff and more than 30 student assistants, houses an excellent collection of scientific books, journals, microforms, and maps. responsibilities: reporting to the assistant university librarian for information and research services, the head of brill science library is responsible for directing and managing the many and varied activities of this full-service library. duties include: overseeing collection development, automa­ tion, circulation, bibliographic instruction, map room and other functions; providing leadership and planning for departmental personnel and budget activities; providing high quality reference and instructional services; providing administrative information on the library such as reports, surveys, and studies as needed; developing and evaluating staff; supervising individual unit heads; contributing to professional activities of the libraries and the university. required qualifications: an ala-accredited mls degree; at least 4 years of progressively respon­ sible experience in an academic library; a broad based knowledge of the sciences; some knowledge of technical processing; broad understanding of library services and functions and their relationship to the miami university library system as a whole; excellent supervisory skills; demonstrated strong oral and written communications skills; experience with collection development and library automation; strong organizational skills. highly desirable: a graduate degree in a science area; knowledge of online searching and evidence of research interest and activity. the miami university libraries contain over 1.4 million volumes, have an extensive collection of government documents and microforms, and subscribe to over 12,000 serials. they serve 850 teaching and research faculty, 15,000 undergraduates and 1,000 graduate students. the library has 36 professional librarians and 55 support staff, is a member of oclc and crl, and is currently installing an innovative interfaces online system. benefits include blue cross/blue shield, major medical disability, dental and term life insurances all paid by the university. public employees retirement system. minimum salary $32,000, negotiable, depending upon experience and qualifications. submit letter of application, resume, and names, telephone numbers and addresses of three professional references to: judith a. sessions dean and university librarian miami university oxford, oh 45056 applications received by november 15 will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. miami university is an equal opportunity employer actively seeking minority applicants. ing member of the medical library center of new york, and a charter member of the independent research libraries associa­ tion. nominations and applications including a full curriculum vitae should be sent to: chairman, search committee for the librarian, the new york academy of medicine, 2 east 103rd street, new york, ny 10029. the application deadline is november 15,1990. the new york academy of medicine is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. medical library coordinator. search extended, open immediately. relatively new position offers many possibilities for a dynamic, articulate individual to lead the development of library participation in the brown program in medicine. responsibilities include assessing needs and shaping services accordingly; ex­ pansion of library training for students, faculty and staff; information management services; coordination of activities with affiliated hospital librarians; library liaison to medical program; and refer­ ence desk duties. requirements: mls degree from an ala-accred ited library school, significant experience in academic medical and hospital libraries and demonstrated knowledge of current techno­ logical advances in medical informatics. highly desirable: partici­ pation in consortial agreements; experience in grant application october 1990 / 915 head of circulation services washington university in st. louis olin library system the olin library system of washington university in st. louis is seeking a creative and service oriented individual as head of circulation services. the olin library system is engaged in a multi­ year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. the olin library system consists of a large central library and eight satellite subject libraries. the head of circulation services is responsible for developing and maintaining a smoothly func­ tioning, user-responsive circulation system that includes reserve, general circulation, and stack maintenance. the position is responsible for oversight of all aspects of the notis-based circulation system in the olin (central) library and for extending that system to the eight departmental libraries. the service area includes 17 full-time staff and 7 fte student assistants in olin library. the position reports to the associate dean for collections and services, and is responsible, along with seven other service heads, not only for the daily operation of the library, but also for coordinated planning, budgeting, and personnel recruitment and assessment. qualifications: candidate must have a masters degree, preferably an mls from an ala accredited library school. at least three years of supervisory experience, preferably in a research library environment; experience with automated systems; excellent communication skills; strong commitment to patron service; an understanding of the information needs of a research university; and the ability to work effectively in a collegial manner in a changing environment. salary: $35,000+, depending upon qualifications and experience. for full consideration applicants should send a resume and the names of three references to: virginia f. toliver director of administration and planning olin library campus box 1061 one brookings drive st. louis, mo 63130-4899 position will remain open until filled; initial review of applications will begin october 15,1990. washington university is an affirmative-action, equal opportunity employer. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. librarian queensborough community college/cuny queensborough community college/cuny seeks full-time faculty positions for library anticipated for 1991. mls from ala-accredited program required. second master’s or ph.d. required for assistant professor appointment. positions involve cataloging, reference, library instruction, and collection develop­ ment responsibilities; knowledge of computerized library systems and a/v multi-media a plus. salary dependent on qualifications. salary range: instructor/lecturer: $26,260-$30,501; assistant professor: $28,630-$42,323. resumes due november 19,1990, to: chairperson, library department queensborough community college/cuny 222-05 56 avenue bayside, ny 11364 916 / c&rl news library director carroll college waukesha, wisconsin carroll college, founded in 1846, is a competitive four year residential, coeducational liberal arts college affiliated with the presbyterian church, usa. operating under the 4-1 -4 calendar, the college serves 1,475 full-time students and over 650 part-time students. waukesha (population 55,000) is approximately 15 miles west of milwaukee, 60 miles east of madison, and 100 miles north of chicago. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. a second master’s degree highly desirable; experience with library technology and automated library systems; ability to work effectively with faculty, staff, students, and administration; involvement in professional associations and coopera­ tive library programs; an appreciation for the role of the traditional book. the director of library services is responsible for the overall administration of the library including budgeting, planning, and personnel. minimum salary: $35,000; twelve-month contract. closing date for applications is december 3,1990. send letter of application, resume, and names/phone numbers of three references to: donald tappa vice president for academic affairs 100 n. east avenue carroll college waukesha, wl 53186 head, reference department university of miami the university of miami library system, with holdings in excess of 1.7 million volumes, is a member of arl and crl. the richter library reference department provides daily reference desk service, class oriented instruction, online and cd-rom access to information, and individual research consultation. the department head reports to the assistant director for public services, provides innovative leadership in planning, evaluating, and managing reference services in an automated environment with a strong public services commitment, coordinates development of the reference collections, and supervises 10 fte librarians and 3 fte support staff. mls from an ala-accredited library school or foreign equivalent; 5 years of reference experience in an academic library, including supervisory responsibilities; evidence of professional growth; demonstrated planning, organizational, and management skills; knowledge of information technologies. experience in library instruction and collection development and an additional subject degree are desirable. twelve-month, tenure-earning faculty appointment. librarians are expected to meet the university’s criteria for promotion and tenure which require research and publication. starting salary negotiable, minimum $35,000. benefits include moving allowance, university assistance with house financing, tuition remission, paid pension plan options including tiaa/cref, paid life insurance, partially paid medical/dental insurance plans, 22 days paid vacation. for full consideration, send, before november 15, a letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: ronald p. naylor administrative services otto g. richter library p.o. box 248214 coral gables, fl 33124 university of miami is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. october 1990 / 917 off-campus programs librarian university of northern colorado the university of northern colorado seeks applicants for the newly established position of off-campus programs librarian, position number 21529. the division of continuing education offers complete degree programs, workshop/professional renewal courses and independent study courses at more than 60 locations in colorado with degree programs in colorado springs, craig, denver, grand junction, la junta, lowry air force base, pueblo, and sterling. required: masters degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school; experience in a college, university, or research library. preferred: experience with providing library services to students served by off-campus academic programs; experience with computers and the application for the delivery of information needs. the position reports to the director of public services and personnel and is responsible for planning, implementing, coordinating, and evaluating library resources and services addressing the information needs of the off-campus community. the successful applicant must have the skills to identify informational needs and respond to them flexibly and creatively. the off-campus programs librarian will supervise 1 fte classified staff and student assistants. the position requires traveling to off-campus sites within the state. salary ranges: assistant professor $26,600-$32,600; associate professor $32,000-$38,225. starting date is february 1 ‚ 1991 (negotiable). all application materials will be accepted until november 15,1990, or until the position is filled. send letter of application highlighting candidate’s suitability, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: off-campus programs librarian search committee c/o administration office james a. michener library university of northern colorado greeley, co 80639 the university of northern colorado is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. and administration. appointment range: $29,550-$36,900 based upon experience. please send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: michele wise, department of human resources, box 1879/mg934, brown university, provi­ dence, rl 02912. applications will be accepted until this position is filled. brown university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. principal cataloger. position currently open. bibliographic control unit, technical services division. this newly structured position supervises the cataloging section which is responsible for original and copy cataloging for the wsu libraries including both monographs and serials. coordinates activities of the sec­ tion; provides training and support related to cataloging activity; performs cataloging of monographs and/or serials in a variety of formats as appropriate; serves as liaison with the western library network (wln) regarding issues related to cataloging. librarians are appointed as members of the washington state university faculty and are expected to participate actively in the university’s instructional, research, and service programs. all privileges, obli­ gations, and research responsibilities of faculty are inherent in such membership. librarians are ranked in grades 2, 3, and 4, equivalent to the academic ranks of assistant professor, associ­ ate professor and professor. a progressive record of professional/ scholarly achievement is expected of all librarians. required: ala-accredited mls or its foreign equivalent; 3 or more years of professional cataloging experience in an academic or research library, including a substantial component of fully original catalog­ ing; extensive knowledge of national and international standards, including aacr2 and lcsh; experience with a bibliographic network. preferred: experience with various material formats, subjects, and languages; working knowledge of one or more modern european languages; experience with local automated library systems; familiarity with wln; supervisory experience; demonstrated verbal and written communication skills. salary: $25,000 commensurate with qualifications and experience. rank: librarian 2/3; faculty status. benefits: tiaa/cref, broad insur­ ance program, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year sick leave. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, acting director, washington state university libraries, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application review begins: october 26,1990. washington state university is an equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action educator and employer. members of ethnic minorities, women, vietnam era or disabled veterans, per­ sons of disability, and/or persons between the ages of 40-70 are encouraged to apply. reference librarian. the university of alabama seeks applications for the position of reference librarian (instructor or assistant professor) to provide information/instructional assis­ tance in the main reference department; perform online database searches; participation in collection development activities; some evening and weekend reference duties. qualifications: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala (degree must be received by the close of the application period). familiarity with all facets of reference service, strong commitment to public service, good interpersonal skills, demonstrated organizational ability, ini­ tiative and flexibility, evidence of excellent verbal and written communication skills. desired: familiarity with u.s. government documents, knowledge of national and trade bibliographies, sec­ ond subject masters, knowledge of one or more foreign lan­ guages. rank and salary will be dependent upon qualifications: 91 8 / c&rl news preservation administrator washington university in st. louis olin library system the olin library system of w ashington university in st. louis is seeking a creative and service oriented individual as preservation librarian. the olin library system is engaged in a multi-year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. the olin library system consists of a large central library and eight satellite subject libraries. this position is responsible for implementing and updating the library’s preservation policy and three year plan and reports to the head of collection development services. the library is in its third year of a preservation grant from the burlington northern foundation, and the university is a financial contributor to the commission on access and preservation. the preservation unit includes 7 full-time staff with responsibility for commercial binding, in-house repair, environmental monitoring, disaster preparedness, user and staff education, and preventive preservation strategies and regional coop­ erative efforts. qualifications: candidate must have an mls from an ala-accredited library school. supervisory experience, preferably in a research library environment; experience with automated systems; excellent communication skills; strong commitment to patron service and interinstitutional coopera­ tion; an understanding of the information needs of a research university; and the ability to work effectively in a collegial manner in a changing environment. salary: $25,000+, depending upon qualifications and experience. for full consideration applicants should send a resume and the names of three references to: virginia f. toliver director of administration and planning olin library campus box 1061 one brookings drive st. louis, mo 63130-4899 position will remain open until filled; initial review of applications will begin november 1 ‚ 1990. washington university is an affirmative-action, equal opportunity employer. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. instructor or assistant professor, minimum salary $21,500. full­ time, tenure, track position, strong benefits. send letter of applica­ tion, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: sondra tucker, libraries personnel officer, the university of alabama, p.o. box 870266, tuscaloosa, al 35487-0266 by the application deadline of november 9, 1990. the university of alabama is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. reference librarian, florida atlantic university. reports to the head, reference department. participates in all aspects of reference service at the reference desk (including some evening/ weekend shifts), online/cd-rom database searching, biblio­ graphic instruction, subject-assigned collection development and other related duties as assigned. required: ala-accredited mls; effective interpersonal and communication skills; flexibility and initiative. preferred: reference experience in an academic library including online searching and bibliographic instruction. rank: assistant university librarian. salary: $23,000-$25,103. send letter of application, resume, and the names of three current references to: chair, reference librarian search committee, flor­ ida atlantic university libraries, p.o. box 3092, boca raton, fl 33431. deadline for applications is october 31, 1990. florida atlantic university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity insti­ tution. reference librarian. randall library, university of north carolina at wilmington. entry-level position; faculty status, usual benefits. required: ala-accredited degree, strong interest in public service in an automated environment, excellent communi­ cations skills, willingness to work some weekends and evenings. beginning salary: $20,500. to apply, send letter and resume, including three references to: frankie mincey, secretary, search committee for reference librarian, randall library, university of north carolina at wilmington, wilmington, nc 28403-3297. applications received before november 15,1990, will be given first consideration. an aa/eeo employer. reference librarian, university of georgia libraries, main library. entry level position. salary minimum $21,000. duties: reference librarians in the main library are responsible for assist­ ing students, faculty, staff, and others in making effective use of library resources in the humanities and social sciences. to october 1990 / 919 reference librarian department of public services california state university, fullerton responsibilities: with a quality service-oriented team of seven reference librarians, provides extensive ready and research reference, bibliographic instruction and online/cd-rom services to ‚ students, faculty and community residents. participates in collection development. requirements: master’s degree in library and information science from an ala-accredited institution or equivalent. second advanced degree or doctoral equivalency required for tenure. ability to interact with faculty, students, staff, and administrators. effective oral and written communications skills. desirable qualifications: preference will be given to candidates with any of the following: experience or training in computerized reference service; subject master’s degree. consideration will be given to all well-qualified candidates, including recent library school graduates. salary: level of appointment and starting salary dependent on qualifications and experience. ap­ pointment range: assistant librarian, step 4, to senior assistant librarian, step 8 ($31,692/yr. to $38,112/yr.) tenure-track position. benefits: optional 10/12 month work year. twenty-four working days paid vacation per year; one day per month sick leave accumulative; 13 paid holidays; eligibility for sabbatical leave; group medical and dental insurance; standard retirement benefits under the state retirement system; and optional tsas. application: please direct resumes (including the names and addresses of three references) and /or request for further information to: lynn m. coppel chair, public services recruitment committee university library california state university, fullerton p.o. box 4150 fullerton, ca 92634 for full consideration, applications should be received by november 15, 1990. position will remain open until filled. csuf is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. all personnel policies conform with the requirements of executive order 11246, title ix of the higher education amendment of 1972 and other federal regulations regarding nondiscrimination. achieve this goal, reference librarians provide general reference, instructional, and referral services; conduct formal library instruc­ tion through general tours and specialized presentations; perform computerized database searches; and assist end-users with computer databases, such as the online catalog and cd-rom products. in addition, each reference librarian contributes to devel­ opment of the reference collection through selection and weeding. the department is composed of 11 librarians and 4 support staff. reference librarians report to the head of the department. qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited mls; advanced reference courses in the social sciences or humanities, or relevant experience; working knowledge of basic reference sources; interest in user education; knowledge of basic computer database searching on systems such as brs, dialog, or cd-roms; working knowledge of one foreign language; effective oral and written communication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships; undergraduate degree in the social sciences or humanities pre­ ferred. application procedure: send letter of application address­ ing all qualifications with a resume and the names of three refer­ ences by november 16, 1990, to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. science librarian/bibliographer. description: the sci­ ence librarian/bibliographer shares reference assignments with three other librarians in the science and technology library (stl). responsibilities also include bibliographic instruction, online searching, collection development and faculty liaison for assigned physical science and/or engineering departments. the position participates in liaison with the information center of the automation and robotics research institute in fort worth. the science librar­ ian/bibliographer reports to the head of stl and is one of eight full­ time staff members. qualifications: required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of science and engineering reference and bibliographic resources. desired: expe­ rience or academic preparation in one of the sciences or engineer­ ing, preferably chemistry; an additional graduate degree in a relevant discipline; training and experience in online searching, in particular chemistry databases. employment: full-time. non-tradi tional work week. location: the university of texas at arlington, located in the dallas-fort worth metroplex, has a current enroll­ ment of approximately 24,000 and offers 97 degrees, 22 at the ph.d. level. the university libraries consist of the central library, the science and technology library, and the architecture and fine arts library. they presently have approximately 800,000 volume equivalents in the general collection, a staff of 105, and an fy 920 / c&rl news university archivist clark university responsibilities: to provide leadership, organization and coordination of all aspects of university archives, including supervising accessioning, appraising, arranging, describing and preserving archival and manuscript materials, managing historical records, advising depart­ ments on records management, encouraging use of archival collections in educational pro­ grams, providing information on archival materials, and gathering materials for exhibits. the archivist reports to the university librarian. qualifications: graduate-level archival training in either history or ala-accredited mls program; combined ma/mls preferred; demonstrated experience in microcomputer applica­ tions to archival processing desirable. experience with bibliographic and research techniques required, as is the ability to communicate clearly, to work systematically and carefully, and to respect the confidentiality of records. salary range mid to high 20s. comprehensive benefit package including 4 weeks vacation after one year and generous tuition remission for employee and family. applications will be reviewed beginning october 1st, and will continue until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: search committee for university archivist goddard library clark university worcester, ma 01610-1477 aa/eoe. clark is an intentionally diverse community. 1990-91 budget of $4,500,000. the libraries participate in ami gos/oclc, dialog, brs, stn, and have installed the notis automated system. salary and benefits: $21,500 salary plus $965 in state contributions toward social security for an annual mini­ mum of $22,465. additional state contributions include up to $2,400 per annum to health benefits package, and 8.5 per cent of annual salary contributed by the state for optional retirement programs. applications: applications should include a resume and the names and addresses of three professional references. con­ sideration for the position will begin november 1 ‚ 1990, and will continue until a satisfactory candidate has been found. applica­ tions and nominations should be addressed to: leveta hord, chair, science librarian search committee, the university of texas at arlington libraries, p.o. box 19497, arlington, tx76019. applica­ tions from qualified minorities are encouraged. science reference librarian, illinois state university, milner library, science/technology/u.s. government documents division. full-time faculty, tenure-track position. duties: with three other professionals, furnishes traditional, online and cd-rom reference service in the science/technology/u.s. documents division. in addition, provides bibliographic instruction, liaison, and develops collections in support of several departments from among the pure and applied sciences depending on credentials of the candidate. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls, knowledge of the literature of science either from professional experience or extensive course work. preferred: graduate degree in scientific discipline, supervisory experience, experience in sci­ entific bibliographic instruction and collection development. sec­ ond advanced degree in library science or subject discipline required for tenure or appointment beyond instructor rank. salary: $25,000 minimum; negotiable depending on education, experi­ ence, and rank at appointment. preferred beginning date: february 1, 1991. application deadline: applications will be accepted until position is filled, but for maximum consideration, applications should be in no later than november 15, 1990. to apply: submit resume and names of three references to: science reference librarian search committee, 311 milner library, illinois state university, normal, il 61761. illinois state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials cataloging coordinator, oberlin college li­ brary. coordinates all aspects of serials cataloging; supervises 2 experienced paraprofessional catalogers. qualifications required: ala-accredited mls; serials cataloging experience in an aca­ demic library; experience in the use of current automated serials cataloging standards; supervisory ability; ability to work well with others; knowledge of a modern foreign language. qualifications desired: 2 or more years serials cataloging experience; experience with monographic cataloging, dewey and lc classification, lcsh, oclc, and geac 9000 library system. salary competitive, com­ mensurate with qualifications and experience, minimum $24,000. generous fringe benefits. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of reference to: serials search committee, oberlin college library, oberlin, oh 44074. screening of applications will begin on october 22,1990. aa/eoe. serials librarian. indiana university of pennsylvania seeks a librarian to oversee the libraries’ serials operations, including responsibility for collection development, bibliography, and public service. the library system, which includes a central facility and 4 branch libraries, subscribes to over 4,500 periodicals and contains over 600,000 book volumes, 98,000 bound journals, and 1.7 million items of microforms. the serials budget exceeds $600,000. the serials department is in the process of building its biblio­ graphic database in the innovacq serials system as well as in the carlyle online catalog. the serials librarian, with a current support staff of five, works closely with all segments of the univer­ sity to provide a high level of service to growing constituencies. the serials librarian participates in planning and implementation of automation within the department and the library. the serials librarian provides reference service at the information service desk on weekends on a rotating basis. an ala-accredited mls, two to four years relevant professional or pre-professional work experience in an academic library with a background in serials, a thorough working knowledge of the serials marc format and an october 1990 / 921 understanding of serials automation issues, an ability to work constructively as a team member, and a commitment to public service are required. the serials librarian must be well organized, self-directed, and self-motivated. excellent oral and written com­ munication skills as well as an ability to work effectively with the public and colleagues are essential. present university practice requires a second master’s degree or doctorate for tenure. de­ pending upon qualifications, appointment will be at the rank of instructor or assistant professor with the minimum salaries of $21,000 and $25,000 respectively for nine months. salary and rank are negotiable. additional summer employment is possible. li­ brarians at iup are faculty with full academic rank, rights, and responsibilities consistent with that status. benefits are excellent. please apply with a letter of application, current resume and three letters of references by november 2, 1990, to: ronald a. steiner, chairperson, serials search committee, stapleton library, indi­ ana university of pennsylvania, indiana, pa 15705-1096. the anticipated appointment date is december 29, 1990. iup is com­ mitted to affirmative action and equal opportunity. women and persons of color are particularly encouraged to apply. systems administrator. the valley library consortium, a multi-type library consortium in mid-michigan, is seeking to fill the newly created position of systems administrator. the consortium is currently in the process of expanding its membership base to include twenty public, academic, and special libraries and, this fall, it will be implementing a new automated library system to replace its existing automated circulation system. the systems adminis­ trator will supervise a staff of two (one professional and one clerical) and will report on day-to-day operations to the director of the library at saginaw valley state university, which serves as host site to the consortium; the consortium’s board, on the advice of its administrative council, is responsible for policy, procedural, and protocol development. requirements: ala-accredited mls and at least five years of professional library experience. prior experience in automation and networking in a multi-type library environment, and in budgeting and grant development is highly desired. experi­ ence in cooperative program development, which may include interlibrary loan, shared collection development, or continuing education, is preferred. excellent university benefits, including tiaa/cref; generous medical, dental, and vision insurance; and 22 days annual vacation. salary range: $28,000-$34,000. applica­ tions requested by friday, october 19,1990, but will be accepted until position is filled. send resume, letter of application, and names, addresses and phone numbers of 3 or more professional references to: clifton h. jones, director, melvin j. zahnow library, saginaw valley state university, university center, ml 48710; (517) 790-4237. technical services/reference librarian. reports to head librarian of 225,000 volume branch library serving graduate and undergraduate progress in engineering, education, agricul­ ture, mineral/energy resources, social work, physical education, art and theatre. responsibilities: coordinate cataloging and acqui­ sitions activities with main library; supervise catalog and serial record maintenance; supervise bindery operations; supervise three full-time staff members and 6-10 student assistants; partici­ pate in reference, database searching and bibliographic instruction services; contribute to collection development activities; partici­ pate in automation planning/implementation and other long-range planning activities. evolving automation environment. the per­ centage of effort for this position may gradually shift from technical services toward reference activities following the implementation of online serials and acquisitions modules in 1993-94. selected technical services responsibilities will remain after an automated system is in place. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; knowl­ edge of aacr2, lc classification, lcsh and marc formats; familiarity with oclc and cd-rom applications; supervisory abil­ ity; strong service orientation and reference ability; effective oral, written and interpersonal communication skills; familiarity with online database searching. preferred: prior experience in technical services; subject background or experience in a discipline served by the evansdale library; academic library experience; experi­ ence with automated systems. benefits: tiaa-cref; major medi­ cal plan; 24 days annual leave; 18 days sick leave; non-tenure earning faculty position; proximity to recreational and cultural opportunities in the allegheny mountains, pittsburgh and wash­ ington, d.c. salary: $20,000-$23,000, depending on experience and qualifications. rank: staff librarian or assistant university librarian. application: submit application letter, 3 copies of res­ ume and names/addresses of three references to: harold b. shill, chair, technical services/reference librarian search committee, evansdale library, west virginia university, p.o. box 6105, morgantown, wv 26506-6105. review of applications will begin november 1 and continue until the position is filled. west virginia university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. technical services librarian, williams college library, search re-opened. under the general supervision of the head of technical services to participate in the acquisitions and cataloging operations of the college library. performs original cataloging of monographs, music scores, and non-book materials. does author­ ity work, both subject and name. oversees retrospective conver­ sion and reclassification projects. performs online catalog mainte­ nance. does complex bibliographic searching for acquisitions. participates in formulating technical services policies and proce­ dures. trains and supervises technical assistants and student workers. performs other professional assignments as required. qualifications: mls degree from an accredited ala library school. knowledge of oclc, lc classification, subject headings, and online catalog. ability to work with foreign language materials. salary from $23,500, depending upon experience. send resume and names of three references to: james cubit, assistant college librarian, williams college library, williamstown, ma 01267. application review begins immediately and will continue until posi­ tion is filled. an eo/aa employer. late job listings access services/reference librarian. full-time faculty position (12-month contract year) to manage access services programs including circula­ tion, ill, reserves, current periodicals, and non-print services. also assumes leadership role in providing service to off-campus users, and for unit staff supervi­ sion, policies, and program evaluation. will assist with training and public relations for cd-rom public access catalog and participate in implementing automated circulation system in foreseeable future; participates in shared refer­ ence service. requires ala-accredited mls, strong commitment to service, and effective organizational/communication skills. prefer 2-4 years experience and academic library orientation, but those with limited experience and demonstrated potential for creativity and innovation will be considered. appointment at assis­ tant or associate librarian rank in salary range $29,677-$34,433 dependent upon qualifications. full employee benefits package, applicant review begins november 922 / c&rl news 25, 1990, with position open until filled. eoe. applications from minorities and women are encouraged. apply to: robert hudspeth, dean, arts and sciences, university of redlands, 1200 e. colton avenue, redlands, ca 92374. catalog librarian, east asian language materials (new posi­ tion, search reopened), university o f california, irvine library. assistant to librarian, step iv salary range o f $31,668-$56,604. generous benefits package, equal to approximately 40% o f salary; excellent retirement system. responsibili­ ties: reports to head o f cataloging. catalog materials in east asian languages and english in all formats. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls degree; degree in an area o f east asian studies; chinese language/writing skills; excellent english communication skills; supervisory skills, at least 3 years cataloging experience, using aacr2 and lc classification and subject headings; ability to work with various romanization schemes and to work effectively, independently, and cooperatively with all elements o f a culturally diverse academic community; basic computer literacy. desirable: w orking experience with oclc or rlin cjk workstations; japanese writing/reading skills. applications received by november 15, 1990, will receive first consideration, but applications will be accepted until position is filled. to apply: send application letter with 1) complete statement o f qualifications; 2) resume o f education and relevant experience; and 3) names, addresses, and telephone numbers o f 3 references. address letter to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; (714) 856-7115; fax: (714) 725-2472. aa/eeo actively seeking minority candidates. government publications librarian, university o f california, irv­ ine library. assistant to librarian step iv with salary range o f $30,144-$56,604. generous benefits package, equal to approximately 40% o f salary; superb retire­ ment system. duties: reports to head o f government publications and microforms department. collection development and bibliographic control o f california and canadian collections; provide reference and information services; participates in bibliographic instruction, professional development activities, and department policy and procedure development. some night and weekend hours required. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls degree; post-mls work experience with government publications; demonstrated bibliographic instruction skills; database searching experience; computer literacy; excellent written/oral communications skills; commitment to public service; able to work independently and cooperatively with culturally diverse academic community; analytical skills; evidence o f re search/participation in professional association. desirable: collection develop­ ment experience and advanced social science degree. applications received by 11/ 1/90, will be considered first, but will be accepted until position is filled. to apply: send application letter with 1) complete statement o f qualifications; 2) resume o f education and relevant experience; and 3) names, addresses, and telephone num­ bers o f 3 references. send letters to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; (714) 856 7115; fax: (714) 725-2472. aa/eeo actively seeking minority applicants. head, technical services department (search extended). auburn university at montgomery seeks librarian to supervise cataloging, acquisitions, collection development, and serials. will supervise 3 professionals and 6 para­ professionals. ala-accredited mls and 3 years o f professional experience, prefera­ bly in an academic library, required. evidence o f managerial ability, with demon­ strated planning, leadership, communication, supervisory, and interpersonal skills. knowledge o f oclc and collection development. tenure-track faculty appoint­ ment on 12-month contract with 20 days annual leave and competitive, standard benefits. salary open and negotiable from $30,000 minimum. applications ac­ october 1990 / 923 cepted until position is filled. aum is a rapidly expanding urban campus o f over 6,000, offering 8 graduate degrees and one joint doctoral degree. montgomery, the capitol city, is rich in history and cultural attractions such as the internationally acclaimed alabama shakespeare festival and new montgomery museum o f fine arts. it has a metro population o f around 300,000, with direct routes to atlanta, new orleans, and the g ulf coast. send letter, resume, and three references to: dean o f the library, auburn university at montgomery, montgomery, al 36117-3596. eeo/aa employer. library director. east central university is seeking an innovative, service oriented and experienced individual to be library director. position has full faculty status, reports to the academic vice-president, and serves on the academic affairs council. qualifications include: ala-mls plus 30 additional hours; five years successful experience in supervision and administration in an academic library; ability to work effectively with onand off-campus groups; ability to provide leadership and work collegially with professional and support staff; evidence of continued professional development and activities; and evidence of experience in strategic planning and budgeting. desirable: background in fund raising and information technologies. closing date october 31, 1990. position available imme­ diately. starting date negotiable. salary: $35,000 minimum, depending upon education and experience. twenty days annual leave, standard benefits. applicants should forward letters o f application, resumes, and names, addresses, and phone numbers o f three professional references to: linscheid library director search, dale hayden, personnel officer, east central university, ada, ok 74820. aa/ eoe. reference librarian. university o f wisconsin-river falls, is recruiting for an assistant reference librarian. salary range, $27,537-$34,421. available janu­ ary 15, 1991. mls from ala-accredited school, two years professional academic library reference experience required. second subject masters and teaching experi­ ence preferred. duties: general reference assistance, database searching, biblio­ graphic instruction, train student assistants, reference collection development. desire familiarity with state o f the art electronic systems and knowledge of bibliographic instruction methods. send resume, transcripts, and names o f three references with letter of application to: christina baum, chalmer davee library, university of wisconsin-river falls, wi 54022-5015. application deadline, november 10, 1990. women and minorities encouraged to apply. science cataloger (search reopened). the university o f california, irvine, one o f the fastest growing campuses in the uc system, has an opening in the catalog department. reporting to the catalog department head, responsible for catalog­ ing materials in books format for the science collections, including the medical sciences, supervising the sciences section, and advising the catalogers o f materials in other formats on classification and subject headings as necessary. requirements include: an ala-accredited mls degree; reading knowledge o f a foreign language, preferably german; knowledge o f lc and nlm classification systems and subject headings, aacr2 and marc format; 3+ years recent experience as a cataloger of science materials in an academic, medical, or research library; proven supervisory skills; familiarity with an automated library system, such as oclc; excellent communication skills and the ability to work successfully with all elements o f a diverse, academic community. a science degree and local automation system and microcomputer application experience are highly desirable. appointment will be at the assistant to the associate librarian, step iv rank with a salary range of $27,360-$56,604 commensurate with qualifications and experience. we offer a generous benefits package, equal to approximately 40% o f the salary, and an excellent retirement system. applications received by november 1, 1990, will 9 2 4 / c&rl news receive first consideration, but applications will be accepted until the position is filled. to apply: send application letter with 1) a complete statement o f qualifica­ tions; 2) resume o f education and relevant experience; 3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers o f 3 references. address letters to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; (714)856-7115; fax: (714)725-2472. uci is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer actively seeking minority applicants. sciences/technologyreference librarian. tenure-track 12-month appointment. responsible for physical sciences, including collection development; liaison to user groups; database searching; library instruction; general science reference. reports to head, sciences and technology department. requires ala accredited mls degree; knowledge o f online searching techniques; demonstrated communications skills and ability to work with diverse groups; commitment to academic librarianship, research, service; aptitude for working in the physical sciences; potential to meet requirements for promotion and tenure. salary is competitive and commensurate with experience, minimum $24,000. send letter o f application, resume and names, addresses and telephone numbers o f three refer­ ences to: ruth ludwig, colorado state university libraries, 106 morgan library, fort collins, co 80523. deadline for submission o f all application mate­ rials is november 30, 1990. employers: don’t wait for the next issue of al, chronicle of h.e., lj hotline, or even c&rl news to advertise your job openings. announce your positions to a wide audience of academic and research library and information professionals on the acrl jobline. the prerecorded tape is revised weekly; ads received by 1 p.m . on thursday are incor­ porated into the new friday tape. listings run for 2 weeks. call 3 1 2 /9 4 4 -6 7 8 0 or write for a jobline form and free job listing options brochure. job seekers: for current listings call the acrl jobline (3 1 2 )9 4 4 -6 7 9 5 association of college and research libraries a la • 50 e. huron s t • chicago, il 60611 m o h a w k m id l a n d manufacturers o f quality lib ra r y furniture n ow blackwell new titles information is as close as your personal com puter. if your library spends hours handling new titles announcement forms and reading fiche, these two new blackwell services w ill be good news, indeed. you can put your pc to work managing new titles information, giving you greater control and faster ordering. on diskette. pc -n ew titles a nnouncement service p c -n t a s provides your library’s n ew titles announcement forms on diskette each week. view your blackwell new titles profile matches on screen. search, display, print forms and create orders as needed with the program’s link to blackwell’s pc-order. best of all, the pc-ntas program and weekly diskettes are available free to blackwell approval and forms customers. on line. n to gives immediate answers about new title n ew titles online status to libraries with pc/modem hardware. you gain dial-up access to blackwell’s new titles database featuring titles of interest to academic and research libraries. once on line, you can search by a variety of parameters, and generate approval orders (“be sure to send on approval”) and firm orders. it’s current, comprehensive and very affordable. blackw ell n o r t h am erica, inc. part o f a proud bookselling tradition dating from 1879. lake oswego, oregon • blackwood, n ew jersey toll free 1-800-547-6426 structure bookmarks october 1990 / 901 knowledge of oclc, dra and library computer applications pre­ferred. must be willing to participate in the administration of related technical service functions. minimum qualifications: ala-accred­ited mls. minimum of three years library experience and develop­ment of responsible managerial skills. salary from $27k depend­ent on experience and qualifications. this is a full-time position. to apply, send resume with three references to: john c. secco, director of human resources, bard college, annandale-on deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $6.00 per line for acrl members, $7.60 for others. late job notices are $14.50 per line for members, $17.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their 902 / c&rl news ports to head of catalog department. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or equivalent; reading knowledge of spanish and at least one other modern language, preferably portuguese; knowledge of aacr2, lcri, lcsh, lc classification, and marc formats; strong communication and interpersonal skills. preferred: advanced de­gree in latin american studies; cataloging experience, including working knowledge of oclc and an integrated online system. appointment at librarian i or ii level depending on experience; mini from an ala-accredited library school. proficiency in one or more foreign languages relevant to the history of science discipline. first screening date: november 15, 1990. available: january 1, 1991. search will remain open until filled. salary: $38,000 (nego­tiable based on qualifications and experience). benefits: tiaa/ cref; state retirement system; comprehensive medical protec­tion; group life insurance; 21 days vacation; university holidays; generous sick leave. history of science collections: the hist connecticutindianaiowakansaslouisianamainemassachusettsnew hampshirenew jerseynew yorknorth carolinaohiopennsylvaniarhode islandsouth carolinasouth dakotavermontwest virginiawisconsin $27,000varies*$20,580$17,500*$20,000varies*$27,554*$17,500$24,200varies*$20,832$20,024$23,700*$23,750varies*$20,000$21,500$20,000$23,700 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a profes­sional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. october 1990/903 assistant university librarian for collectionsthe gelman library invites applications for the position of assistant university librarian for collections.the university, founded in 1821 ‚ is a private, nonsectarian, coeducational institution accredited by the middle states association of colleges and universities. gw has an enrollment of over 18,000 students in nine colleges, schools and divisions including over 8,000 graduate and professional students. the university employs more than 1,200 full-time facult contains more than 2.2 million volumes, 16,000 periodical sub­scriptions, and three outstanding special collections of history of science, western history, and business history. the libraries has implemented the public access catalog, cataloging, authority control, and circulations functions of the notis system. applica­tion: send letter of application with resume, a list of publications and the names of three references including current supervisor to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019; (405) 3252611. oklahoma university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. we encourage women and minority applicants and we are responsive to the needs of dual career couples. 904 / c&rl news coordinator for user educationthe george washington university announces a search for coordinator for user education.position: coordinator for user educationappointment salary minimum: $28,000library assignment: reference and instruction departmentposition description:as coordinator for user education:plans, coordinates and evaluates the bibliographic instruction program for gelman library, including: an active course-related instruction program, printed guides and bibliographies, a selfpaced research gui director of the library, trinity college of vermont (search extended). the position: reporting to the vice president for aca­demic affairs, the library director oversees a staff of nine, includ­ing two professional associate librarians, and participates in academic planning and governance through membership on the academic council. the college: we are known for our integration of traditional and non-traditional learners, our blending of profes­sional education and the liberal arts, and our general education program. in 1991 we will inaugurate the first of three new master’s programs. unprecedented enrollment growth in recent years has october 1990 / 905 reached a peak of 1,400 students, the largest in our history. a dramatic new library building opened in 1985, a fine arts complex opens this fall, and a new learning center is planned for next year. the location: trinity’s 17 acre campus, adjacent to the university of vermont, is in the heart of burlington, the home of five colleges, a major teaching hospital, ibm, digital, and general electric. on the shore of lake champlain, minutes from major ski areas, burlington is considered one of america’s most liva appointment categories are librarian i (minimum salary $22,430), librarian ii (minimum salary $28,400) or librarian iii (minimum salary $33,250). the university offers an attractive package of benefits including 25 days of paid vacation per year, tiaa/cref retirement, and a flexible selection of medical, life insurance, dental, vision, childcare credit, and additional benefits. the ul libraries: the ul library system consists of the main library and 11 departmental libraries (art, music, business, and the s 906 / c&rl news ing a resume and a list of references to: janet tait, assistant for academic personnel, library, 0175h-1,9500 gilman dr., univer­sity of california, san diego, la jolla, ca 92093-0175.head, catalog department. supervise monograph and serial cataloging activities, including creation and maintenance of official files and records in department of 14, including four librari­ans. define goals of department in accord with library goals. recruit, train, supervise, and evaluate library personnel. maintain awareness curator of rare booksspecial collections/archivestrhe stuate utnivegrsity oef nerw jersseyresponsible for collection development, catalog­ing, and maintenance of rare books and select manuscript collections. coordinates, curates schol­arly exhibitions; works with faculty and donors; and assists with publications, fundraising, public service and outreach activities.qualifications: ala-accredited mls, 3 years ft library experience cataloging rare books, relevant experience curating rare books and exhibitions october 1990 / 907 dean and university librarianuniversity of cincinnatithe university of cincinnati invites nominations and applications for the position of dean and university librarian. the dean and university librarian reports to the senior vice president and provost and is the chief academic and executive officer for the university libraries system. the position is also responsible for coordinating cooperative programs among all u.c. libraries. university libraries is comprised of a central library, ten college and depar washington state university libraries, pullman, wa 991645610. application review begins: october 26. 1990. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action educa­tor and employer. members of ethnic minorities, women, vietnam era or disabled veterans, persons of disability, and/or persons between the ages of 40-70 are encouraged to apply.head reference librarian. coordinate reference services, bibliographic instruction, computer assisted information retrieval, and develop and maintai vise professional librarians, support staff, student assistants and desk service. supervise 4.4 fte staff. qualifications: requires mls/ala, five years library experience including three years reference experience, commitment to active library service. super­visory skills, knowledge of reference techniques, online searching, and bibliographic instruction methods, familiarity with technology in reference services. ability to meet tenure guidelines. minimum salary: $28,000. twelve-month, tenure-track position 908 / c&rl news six positionsnorth carolina state university, one of the nation’s outstanding land-grant institutions, is the state’s largest academic institution. with over 25,000 students, it offers doctoral degrees in 48 fields of study. first among north carolina universities in total research volume, ncsu is currently fifth among american universities in industry-sponsored r&d expenditures. the ncsu libraries is a member of the association of research libraries and the center for research libraries. applications and n cutsforth, chair, recruitment committee, mcintyre library, uni­versity of wisconsin—eau claire, eau claire, wl 54702-5010. applications received after october 26, 1990, cannot be assured of consideration. uwec is an aa/eeo employer highly interested in minority and women applicants.head, serials cataloging unit, university of minnesota libraries, central technical services department, serials man­agement division. the university of minnesota libraries—twin cities seeks qualified applicants for the position forms original and complex copy cataloging and classification of serials in accordance with national standards. under the direction of the head of the serials management division, manages serials cataloging unit. supervises, trains, and evaluates staff; monitors workflow; develops operational procedures; and acts as liaison between the serials management division and other library units concerning serials cataloging. qualifications: requirements in­clude ala-accredited mls or foreign equivalent, at least 3 october 1990 / 909 (continued from previous page)in an academic library. demonstrated interpersonal skills, including excellent oral and written communica­tion. good analytical and organizational skills. experience with automated technical services. strong commitment to responsive and innovative service. supervisory experience preferred. hiring range: $28,000-$33,000.engineering reference librarian. under the direction of the head of reference, delivers information and research services to faculty and students in the college sional position with probationary appointment at assistant librarian rank, with minimum salary at $30,000. an excellent benefit package is also available. application deadline is november 30, 1990. please identify applications with ul 201. applicants should send a letter of application with detailed resume and names of three refer­ences to: barbara doyle, personnel and staff development officer, university of minnesota libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455-0414. the uni make contributions in an environment of cultural and ethnic di­versity. responsibilities: under the general direction of the as­sociate university librarian for administrative and public serv­ices, the incumbent is responsible for planning, developing, im­plementing and managing the undergraduate library’s dynamic instructional program, collections, services, and operations; hir­ing, supervising and motivating staff; providing leadership for services to undergraduates in all campus libraries; interpreting t 910 / c&rl news government documents librarian/catalogercalifornia state university, fullertondescription: serves as one of two librarians in the government documents section. super­vises the cataloging and processing activities of several paraprofessionals and numerous student assistants. csu, fullerton is a selective depository for federal and california state documents and has substantial holdings of international and local documents as well. govern­ment documents are fully cataloged by the section on oclc. csuf recentl october 1990 / 911 director of serial publications/editor college & research libraries newsassociation of college and research librariesthe director of serial publications/editor, college and research libraries news manages, edits, produces, distributes, and promotes college and research libraries news, a monthly news maga­zine, and rare books and manuscripts librarianship, a semi-annual journal; advises section news­letter editors and coordinates the semi-annual distribution of 13 newsletters.the editor reviews, accepts, or 912 / c&rl news library system analyst/reference librarianin a dynamic and innovative library setting. opportunity to work on system development projects in both tech­nical and reference services appli­cations and to provide all types of reference assistance. reports 1/2 time to the head of systems and 1/2 time to the head of reader services. participate in an evening and week­end rotation schedule in reference dept.brandeis has geac for its online sys­tem and plans for a major upgrade within the next few years. also have casting, english, journalism, music, philosophy and religion, and theatre and dance. participates in providing general reference service; some night and week-end duty. faculty position in the department of library public services reporting to reference services supervisor. required: ala-accredited mls and a sec­ond master’s degree in a humanities discipline. experience in collection development, reference, and instruction in an academic/ research library is preferred. minimum salary of $25,000. open until f october 1990 / 913 directorquinnipiac college instructional resourcesapplications and nominations are invited for the position of director of instructional resources which includes responsibility for the college library and audiovisual center.quinnipiac is a residential college of approximately 2300 full-time students, 1000 part-time and graduate students in the schools of allied health & natural sciences, liberal arts and business. the library is a member of the oclc (nelinet), holds 160,000 volumes, a substantial number of 914 / c&rl news head, brill science librarymiami university librariesthe miami university libraries, which serve the information needs of miami university, a selective institution located in oxford, ohio, 35 miles north of cincinnati, are seeking an energetic and experienced specialist to direct the activities of brill science library. the library, with 5 librarians, 41/ 2 support staff and more than 30 student assistants, houses an excellent collection of scientific books, journals, microforms, and maps.responsibilities: ing member of the medical library center of new york, and a charter member of the independent research libraries associa­tion. nominations and applications including a full curriculum vitae should be sent to: chairman, search committee for the librarian, the new york academy of medicine, 2 east 103rd street, new york, ny 10029. the application deadline is november 15,1990. the new york academy of medicine is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer.medical library coordinator. search extended, open a dynamic, articulate individual to lead the development of library participation in the brown program in medicine. responsibilities include assessing needs and shaping services accordingly; ex­pansion of library training for students, faculty and staff; information management services; coordination of activities with affiliated hospital librarians; library liaison to medical program; and refer­ence desk duties. requirements: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school, significant experience in acad october 1990 / 915 head of circulation serviceswashington university in st. louis olin library systemthe olin library system of washington university in st. louis is seeking a creative and serviceoriented individual as head of circulation services. the olin library system is engaged in a multi­year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. the olin library system consists of a large central library and eight sa 916 / c&rl news library directorcarroll college waukesha, wisconsincarroll college, founded in 1846, is a competitive four year residential, coeducational liberal arts college affiliated with the presbyterian church, usa. operating under the 4-1 -4 calendar, the college serves 1,475 full-time students and over 650 part-time students. waukesha (population 55,000) is approximately 15 miles west of milwaukee, 60 miles east of madison, and 100 miles north of chicago.qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. a october 1990 / 917 off-campus programs librarianuniversity of northern coloradothe university of northern colorado seeks applicants for the newly established position of off-campus programs librarian, position number 21529. the division of continuing education offers complete degree programs, workshop/professional renewal courses and independent study courses at more than 60 locations in colorado with degree programs in colorado springs, craig, denver, grand junction, la junta, lowry air force base, pueblo, and sterling.requi and administration. appointment range: $29,550-$36,900 based upon experience. please send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: michele wise, department of human resources, box 1879/mg934, brown university, provi­dence, rl 02912. applications will be accepted until this position is filled. brown university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.principal cataloger. position currently open. bibliographic control unit, technical services division. this newly structured subjects, and languages; working knowledge of one or more modern european languages; experience with local automated library systems; familiarity with wln; supervisory experience; demonstrated verbal and written communication skills. salary: $25,000 commensurate with qualifications and experience. rank: librarian 2/3; faculty status. benefits: tiaa/cref, broad insur­ance program, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year sick leave. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, 918 / c&rl news preservation administratorwashington university in st. louis olin library systemthe olin library system of washington university in st. louis is seeking a creative and serviceoriented individual as preservation librarian. the olin library system is engaged in a multi-year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. the olin library system consists of a large central library and eight satellite instructor or assistant professor, minimum salary $21,500. full­time, tenure, track position, strong benefits. send letter of applica­tion, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: sondra tucker, libraries personnel officer, the university of alabama, p.o. box 870266, tuscaloosa, al 35487-0266 by the application deadline of november 9, 1990. the university of alabama is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer.reference librarian, florida atlantic university. reports to the head, refe 33431. deadline for applications is october 31, 1990. florida atlantic university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity insti­tution.reference librarian. randall library, university of north carolina at wilmington. entry-level position; faculty status, usual benefits. required: ala-accredited degree, strong interest in public service in an automated environment, excellent communi­cations skills, willingness to work some weekends and evenings. beginning salary: $20,500. to apply, send letter and resume october 1990 / 919 reference librariandepartment of public services california state university, fullertonresponsibilities: with a quality service-oriented team of seven reference librarians, provides extensive ready and research reference, bibliographic instruction and online/cd-rom services to ‚ students, faculty and community residents. participates in collection development. requirements: master’s degree in library and information science from an ala-accredited institution or equivalent. second advanced degree or doctoral achieve this goal, reference librarians provide general reference, instructional, and referral services; conduct formal library instruc­tion through general tours and specialized presentations; perform computerized database searches; and assist end-users with computer databases, such as the online catalog and cd-rom products. in addition, each reference librarian contributes to devel­opment of the reference collection through selection and weeding. the department is composed of 11 librarians and 4 support s science librarian/bibliographer. description: the sci­ence librarian/bibliographer shares reference assignments with three other librarians in the science and technology library (stl). responsibilities also include bibliographic instruction, online searching, collection development and faculty liaison for assigned physical science and/or engineering departments. the position participates in liaison with the information center of the automation and robotics research institute in fort worth. the science libra 920 / c&rl news university archivistclark universityresponsibilities: to provide leadership, organization and coordination of all aspects of university archives, including supervising accessioning, appraising, arranging, describing and preserving archival and manuscript materials, managing historical records, advising depart­ments on records management, encouraging use of archival collections in educational pro­grams, providing information on archival materials, and gathering materials for exhibits. the archivist reports t 1990-91 budget of $4,500,000. the libraries participate in amigos/oclc, dialog, brs, stn, and have installed the notis automated system. salary and benefits: $21,500 salary plus $965 in state contributions toward social security for an annual mini­mum of $22,465. additional state contributions include up to $2,400 per annum to health benefits package, and 8.5 per cent of annual salary contributed by the state for optional retirement programs. applications: applications should include a resume and the name university, normal, il 61761. illinois state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.serials cataloging coordinator, oberlin college li­brary. coordinates all aspects of serials cataloging; supervises 2 experienced paraprofessional catalogers. qualifications required: ala-accredited mls; serials cataloging experience in an aca­demic library; experience in the use of current automated serials cataloging standards; supervisory ability; ability to work well with others; knowledge of a m october 1990 / 921 understanding of serials automation issues, an ability to work constructively as a team member, and a commitment to public service are required. the serials librarian must be well organized, self-directed, and self-motivated. excellent oral and written com­munication skills as well as an ability to work effectively with the public and colleagues are essential. present university practice requires a second master’s degree or doctorate for tenure. de­pending upon qualifications, appointment will be at the ran art and theatre. responsibilities: coordinate cataloging and acqui­sitions activities with main library; supervise catalog and serial record maintenance; supervise bindery operations; supervise three full-time staff members and 6-10 student assistants; partici­pate in reference, database searching and bibliographic instruction services; contribute to collection development activities; partici­pate in automation planning/implementation and other long-range planning activities. evolving automation environment late job listingsaccess services/reference librarian. full-time faculty position (12-month contract year) to manage access services programs including circula­tion, ill, reserves, current periodicals, and non-print services. also assumes leadership role in providing service to off-campus users, and for unit staff supervi­sion, policies, and program evaluation. will assist with training and public relations for cd-rom public access catalog and participate in implementing automated circulation system in fores 922 / c&rl news 25, 1990, with position open until filled. eoe. applications from minorities and women are encouraged. apply to: robert hudspeth, dean, arts and sciences, university of redlands, 1200 e. colton avenue, redlands, ca 92374.catalog librarian, east asian language materials (new posi­tion, search reopened), university of california, irvine library. assistant to librarian, step iv salary range of $31,668-$56,604. generous benefits package, equal to approximately 40% of salary; excellent retirement system. respons october 1990 / 923 cepted until position is filled. aum is a rapidly expanding urban campus of over 6,000, offering 8 graduate degrees and one joint doctoral degree. montgomery, the capitol city, is rich in history and cultural attractions such as the internationally acclaimed alabama shakespeare festival and new montgomery museum of fine arts. it has a metro population of around 300,000, with direct routes to atlanta, new orleans, and the gulf coast. send letter, resume, and three references to: dean of the library, auburn u 924 / c&rl news receive first consideration, but applications will be accepted until the position is filled. to apply: send application letter with 1) a complete statement of qualifica­tions; 2) resume of education and relevant experience; 3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references. address letters to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; (714)856-7115; fax: (714)725-2472. uci is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer activ mohawk midlandmanufacturers of quality library furniture now blackwell new titles information is as close as your personal computer.if your library spends hours handling new titles announcement forms and reading fiche, these two new blackwell services will be good news, indeed. you can put your pc to work managing new titles information,giving you greater control and faster ordering.on diskette.pc-new titles announcement servicepc-ntas provides your library’s new titles announcement forms on diskette each week. view your blackwell new titles profile matches on sc acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries n ove m b e r 1 9 9 7/729 thes iacfdlisaesd d e a d lin e s : orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication o f the issue {e.g., september 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. r a te s : classified advertisem ents are $8.75 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $10.75 for others. late job notices are $20.50 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $24.95 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. dis­ play ad rates range from $395 to $745 based upon size. please call fo r sizes and rates. g u id e lin e s : for ads that list an application deadline, we suggestthat date be no soonerthan the 20th day o f the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 fo rth e october issue). all job announcem ents should include a salary range per policy of the american library association (ala). job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning am ong institutions. in te r n e t: c&rl news classified ads are accessible on the world wide w e b a thttp://www.ala.org/acrl/c&rlnew2.html. ads will be placed approximately 2-3 weeks before the printed edition o f c&rl n ews is published. c on ta ct: jack helbig, classified advertising manager, c&rl ne m/s classified advertising department, acrl, ameri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611 2795; (312) 280-2513; fax: (312) 280-7663 or (312) 280-2520; e-mail: jhelbig@ ala.org. p olicy: ala policy requires that organizations recruiting th rough ala publications or placement services com ply with ala anti-discrim ination policies. policy 54.3 states that “ala is committed to equality of opportunity for all library em ploy­ ees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life­ style, or national origin.” by advertising through ala ser­ vices, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. books bought and sold used sci-tech books purchased. physics, math, all engi­ neering, electricity, and electronics, skilled trades, antiquarian tech. sorry, no serials or life sciences. quality older editions, duplicates, unneeded gifts, superseded titles always sought. ex library ok. no quantities too great; will travel when appropriate. for more informa­ tion please contact: collier brown or kirsten berg at p owell's technical bookstore, 33nwparkave., portland, or 97209: phone: (800) 225-6911; fax: (503) 228-0505; e-m ail to: kirste n ® technical.powells.com. positions open acquisitions librarian—instructor. university library. reports to the assistant director for technical services, assists in the bibliographic and financial management of all nonperiodical acquisi­ tions for the university libraries. train, supervise, and evaluate student assistants and others in bibliographic verification and preorder searching using print and nonprint sources, oclc, and local data­ base. assist in revision of collection development guidelines, prepalibrarian i-iii instruction services coordinator am en ded posting • the healey library at the university o f massachusetts boston is looking for a dynamic leader to plan and implement a library instruction program which builds on the library’s current pro­ gram, and which promotes library and internet research skills. the person w ill work with faculty and staff throughout the campus to design and eval­ uate programs which address cunent curricular sup poft needs; develop policies and procedures for this program and develop and evaluate a variety o f deliv­ ers; mechanisms including computer assisted and web* based instructional delivery models the person w ill also introduce and train librarians in appropriate insteaetional methods; evaluate their delivery of instmc)i®n, and participate in (he provision o f refer encse services at ihe reference desk which w ill require same evening and weekend hours q u a lific a t io n s : a la accredited masters in lib ra ry science. one to five years previous experi­ ence in providing library instruction which includes using electronic resources such as the internet 0pac, and cd-rom’s. demonstrated experience in developing computer-assisted and web-based instruction excellent communication skills essen­ tial. please send your cover letter, resume, names and addresses o f three references to office o f human resources, c/o recruitment 510-175, u niversity o f massachusetts boston, 100 morrissey blvd., boston, m a 02125. application closing date is novemher 24, 1997 an affirmative action, equal opportunity, title ix employer ation of accreditation reports, and inventory management. monitor ystem-generated fund accounting; allocations, encumbrances and xpenditures reports, and items ordered and received reports. per­ orm liaison work with faculty to promote acquisition service. library nd university committee service expected. requirements: ala ccredited mls. demonstrated ability to communicate effectively in higher-education environment; library automation background; bility to use knowledge and skills in acquisitions work and in anagement of bibliographic records. preference given to candi­ ates with strong interest in academic acquisitions services and ublishing market, gaining experience with oclc, and assuming upervisory responsibility. 12-month library faculty tenure-track posi­ ion. librarians at etsu have faculty rank and status and must meet niversity requirements for tenure and promotion. 24 annual leave ays, 12 paid holidays, and sick leave. nonrefundable contributions o state or other optional retirements paid by the university. copayment roup health and life insurance. professional travel and educational evelopment support available. appointment recommended at in­ tructor rank; salary minimum is $27,000. send application letter and omplete resume with names, addresses, and phone numbers of hree references. apply by deadline of december 1,1997, to: library earch committee, east tennessee state university, box 70665, ohnson city, tn 37614-0665. aa/eoe. dministrative librarian for technical services. must ave management experience, mls, and comprehensive knowledge f hebrew and jewish studies as well as academic library experience. econd subject master's preferred. computer skills necessary, in­ luding working knowledge of oclc and rlin and familiarity with ocal online integrated systems. excellent benefits; salary commen­ urate with experience. fax resume to: director of personnel, library f the jewish theological seminary, at (212) 678-8961, or mail to 080 broadway, new york, ny 10027 rchivist, william s. cohen collection (search re­ pened.) funding currently guaranteed for two years. extension eyond this period subject to availability of funds. the raymond h. ogler library, university of maine, is seeking a knowledgeable, r s e f a a a a m d p s t u d t g d s c t s j a h o s c l s o 3 a o b f dynamic, and service-oriented individual to organize and manage the http://www.ala.org/acrl/c&rlnew2.html mailto:jhelbig@ala.org 730/c&rl news william s. cohen collection. this collection, recently donated to the university, consists of more than 1,000 archival boxes containing correspondence, reports, news clippings, and personal memorabilia. responsibilities include: collection organization, preservation, man­ agement, and development; creation of finding aids in both paper and digital formats; assisting collection users; outreach; supervision of support staff; participation in fundraising and grant writing. reports to the head of special collections. required: ala-accredited mls with an emphasis on archives, or the equivalent graduate-level training in archives management; demonstrated knowledge of the application of information technology to archives; evidence of effective planning and management skills; excellent oral and written communication skills. preferred: graduate degree in american history, politics, or related subject area; supervisory experience; experience organizing political collections; experience with preservation/digitization projects. salary: $29,000-$35,000. excellent benefits package, including tiaa/ cref. start date: position available immediately. to apply: send letter, resume, and the names of three references to: mary casserly, collection development division head, 5729 fogler library, u niver­ sity o f maine, orono, me 04469-5729. review of applications will begin on november 17, 1997, and continue until the position is filled. the university of maine is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant librarian for cataloging services/auto­ mated systems. olive kettering library, antioch college, yellow springs, ohio, seeks a tenure-track librarian. responsibilities: per­ form classification and cataloging, including original cataloging, of all materials in a variety of formats. continue the ongoing automating of library functions. supervise microcomputer and automated systems software, hardware, and applications. serve as a reference librarian, including weekend and evening rotation. share responsibility for teaching students and faculty use of information retrieval systems. qualifications: master’s degree from an ala-accredited school. prefer at least three years experience in an academic cataloging department. expertise with oclc, marc formats, and local auto­ mated systems. thorough knowledge of lc classification, aacr2, and lcsh, as well as familiarity with html and web page design. must have a service-oriented view of librarianship. for a complete job description, visit the library’s homepage at http://www.antioch college.edu/okl/. send letters of nomination or application, including the names of three references, graduate transcripts, and curriculum vitae to: human resources, systems librarian, a n tioch college, p.o. box 465, yellow springs, oh 45387. antioch college provides equal employment opportunity for all qualified applications and does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, age, sex, ancestry, religion, national origin, sexual orientation, family status, or disability. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. william paterson university is an affirmative action/ \ w il l ia m equal opportunity institution j p u a n t i v e e r r so s i t n y celebrating 142 years o f academic leadership, william l}atersoıı university is situated on a 300-acre, wooded campus in suburban wayne. n/. 20 miles from new york city. hie university serves 9,000 undergraduate and graduate students and em ploys 1.000facu lty an d sta ff the sarah byrd ; a skew library invites applications fo r the follow ing position head of technical services r eporting to the d irector o f l ib ra ry services, the head o f technical services is responsible fo r the o ve ra ll supe rvision o f a fu lly automated technical services u nit, in clu d in g acquisitions, cataloging, processing o f lib ra ry materials and serials. the p rim a ry function o f this positio n is to p ro vid e leadership in p lan n in g, im p le m e n tin g and e valu a ting departm ental operations and services, setting goals, d e v e lo ping in itia tive s and establishing p rio ritie s in these areas p rim ary liaison w ith oclc and palmet. supervises fou r f u ll­ tim e professionals, 11 fu ll-tim e su p p o rt staff and oth e r p a rt-tim e staff participates in co llection developm ent a ctivities and user education programs. required q ua lifica tio ns in clu de ala-accredited mls and second m aster's degree o r abd , fiv e o r more years professional lib ra ry experience w ith dem onstrated p ro ficien cy in a technical services area in c lu d in g substantial know ledge o f cataloging; increasingly responsible s u p e rviso ry experience w ith lib ra ry p rofessional and s u p p o rt staff, p re fe ra b ly in an academ ic lib ra ry , thorough know ledge o f o nline integrated lib ra ry systems (preferably dra), b ib lio g ra p h ic u tilitie s and networks (preferably oclc); evidence of strong com m unication and organizational skills; and the a b ility to w o rk w ith a ll personnel in a collegial, consultative, collaborative team environm ent the sa la r y ra n g e is $ 4 3 ,9 2 2 -5 6 5 .8 9 2 t his is a 1 2-m on th, ten u r e tr a c k p o sitio n for m ore in fo rm a tion a b o u t the l ib rary : http://w w w .w ilpaterson.edu/ r eview o f applications will begin im m ediately a n d will continue until the position is fille d . send a letter o f application and resum e to r a j s in g h , a s s i s t a n t v ice p r e s id e n t f o r h u m a n r e s o u r c e s , w i llia m p a t e r s o n u n iv e r s ity , p.o. b o x 913, w a y n e, n j 07474-0913. chief librarian. the college of staten island of the city univer­ sity of new york invites applications and nominations for the position of chief librarian and chair of the library department. the chief librarian is appointed by the college president and reports to the provost/vice president for academic affairs. he/she is responsible for strengthening the library in the academic life of the college through leadership and administration of the library’s operation. in addition, the chief librarian is expected to play a leadership role in the continuing development of the campus approach to educational technology and the digital library. he/she is expected to be active in seeking outside funding through grants and other forms of support. csi is a senior college located on a 204-acre campus. the library is equipped with state-of-the-art technology for the delivery of library services. holdings consist of 198,000 volumes, 1,450 periodical subscriptions, 700 microform subscriptions, cd-rom databases, digital resources, and media materials in many formats. an active library instruction program serves approximately 12,000 students in associate, baccalaureate, and graduate degree programs. require­ ments: an ala-accredited mls; a second master’s degree (a doctor­ ate is preferred); substantial library administrative experience, includ­ ing experience in planning, personnel, and budget; a clear vision and understanding of the evolving role of the academic library in an integrated electronic environment; a record of scholarly and profes­ sional achievement that will qualify the individual for a senior faculty appointment in the library department; demonstrated ability to work with others within a collaborative and collegial administrative frame­ work; commitment to a high level of information services to students, staff, and faculty, including a broad program of library instruction; effective oral and written communication skills; a commitment to academic excellence and educational opportunity. to start: july 1, 1998. rank: associate professor, $46,673-$70,064; professor, $58,084-$82,650. the committee will begin reviewing applications december 1 ‚ 1997, and the search will remain open until the position is filled. candidates should submit a letter that addresses the require­ ments defined above, a current curriculum vitae, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references to: chief librarian search committee, office of the vice president for academic affairs/provost, college o f staten island/cuny, 2800 v ic to ry b lvd., s taten island , ny 10314; e-m a il: dileo@postbox.csi.cuny.edu. eeo/aa/ada employer. circulation/reference librarian. auburn university at montgomery seeks qualified individual for tenure-track position. faculty rank. required: an ala/mls degree or equivalent; one year professional library experience, including six months experience in reference service or bibliographic instruction; knowledge of basic reference sources; experience with an automated circulation system; supervisory experience; good communication, interpersonal, organihttp://www.wilpaterson.edu/ http://www.antiochmailto:dileo@postbox.csi.cuny.edu november1997/731 zational, and written skills. desirable: experience with collection development and computer-assisted reference service. responsibili­ ties: supervise the library’s circulation staff, plan for and implement a new automated circulation system; oversee the circulation of regular and reserve materials; formulate and/or revise policies and procedures for circulation; assist in the provision of reference ser­ vices and bibliographic instruction. possibly assist with collection development activities in an assigned subject area. salary: $26,000, plus standard benefits. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: betty tims, chair, circulation librarian search committee, a u­ burn university at m ontgom ery library, p.o. box 244023, mont­ gomery, al 36124-4023. the committee will begin reviewing applica­ tions november 20, 1997, and will continue until the position is filled. aum is an eeo/aa employer. collections archivist. the iowa state university library in­ vites applications and nominations for the position of collections archivist, at the rank of assistant professor, who will report to the head, special collections department. the collections archivist leads the department’s new collections management unit, which is responsible for effectively managing the preservation and access of archival materials such as university records, faculty and alumni papers, private manuscripts, organizational records, films, and pho­ tographs. the unit staff is comprised of the paraprofessional collec­ tions assistant and approximately 1.0 fte of student assistants. the collections archivist performs as well as supervises unit staff in accessioning, arranging, describing, preserving, cataloging, and managing web access. also assists the department head in appraisal of the above archival materials. works closely with the library’s technical services and automated systems divisions. assists the department head with grant writing and grant project administration, contributes to the overall management of the department with other departmental faculty, and provides support as necessary in other areas of the department. qualifications: required: ma or ala accredited mls degree with a minimum of nine hours of archival studies course work. knowledge of current standards and changes in the archival profession. experience and/or knowledge of archives/ manuscripts appraisal, processing, archival cataloging (marc/appm), catalogue librarians the john carter brown library at brown university is seeking candidates for two temporary cataloguing positions. the library specializes in the collection of printed materials pertaining to the americas, north and south, during the colonial period, 1493 to ca. 1830. these are two-year, grant-funded positions to catalogue colonial spanish american imprints, primarily from mexico and peru. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree; 2-3 years of professional rare book cataloguing experience using aacr2-rev,, descriptive cataloguing of rare books, lcsh, and marc formats; familiarity with the rli̇n cataloguing system; reading knowledge of spanish and latin; course work in colonial spanish-american history. salary range is $29,000-$32,000 based on experience. send letter of application, resume, and names/addresses of three references by november 20. 1997 to: department of human resources, brown university, box 1879, providence, rl 02912. brown university is an equal opportunity/ affirmative action employer. › brown u n iv e r s it y world wide web site management and html, and archival preser­ vation management. effective interpersonal skills as well as excellent oral and written communication skills. ability to work within a strongly participatory departmental environment. must be able to lift 40-pound boxes multiple limes daily. evidence of abilities to meet promotion and tenure requirements. preferred: knowledge of archives and special collections in still and moving image, audio, and digital formats. minimum of two years of relevant archival experience. experience with managing and reducing archival backlogs. experi­ ence with personnel management. grant writing and/or grant project administration experience. salary: $28,500 minimum, depending upon qualifications. application deadline: review of applications will begin december 1 ‚ 1997 and will continue until an adequate pool is developed. anticipated start date is march 1 ‚ 1998. for a copy of the full position announcement, please contact the iowa state univer­ sity library’s administration office at (515) 294-1442. or, you may view the internet posting of the notice of vacancy at the following address: http://w ww.lib.iastate.edu/library/vac.htm l. iowa state university has a strong commitm ent to equal opportunity and affirm ative action. members of protected classes are especially encouraged to apply. iowa state university is an equal opportu­ nity, affirm ative action employer. coordinator, collection development. the appalachian state university library seeks a creative and enthusiastic individual to work collaboratively with six colleagues in a team-based organiza­ tion. collection development team activities include: allocating approximately $1.8 million materials budget; evaluating and select­ ing library resources in all formats to support a wide range of salary guide listed below are the latest minimum starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended for governmental agencies that employ librarians. the recom­ mendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommenda­ tions for minimum salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel re­ sources. connecticut $31,273 delaware $22,500+ illinois $27,400# indiana varies* iowa $24,533 louisiana $22,000 maine varies* massachusetts $27,554* new jersey $31,868 new york varies* north carolina $24,367+ ohio $25,198+ pennsylvania $26,400 rhode island $29,800 south carolina varies* south dakota $22,000 texas $26,000 vermont $26,464 west virginia $22,000 wisconsin $25,830 ‘ rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state associa­ tion for minimum salary information. +salary minimums for public librarians only. #option for local formula. http://www.lib.iastate.edu/library/vac.html 73 2 /c&rl news io w a st a t e u n iv e r s it y d e a n o f l ib r a r y s e r v i c e s io w a s ta te u n iv e rs ity in v ite s n o m in a tio n s an d a p p lic a tio n s fo r th e p o s itio n o f d ean o f l ib ra ry s e rv ice s . t h e d ean serv es as th e c h i e f a d m in is tra tiv e o ffic e r o f th e u n iv e r s ity l ib ra ry sy ste m and h as p rim ary re s p o n s ib ility fo r c o lle c tio n d e v elo p m en t a n d m a n a g e m e n t, lib r a ry s e r v ic e s , b u d g e t, p la n n in g , an d p e rs o n n e l fo r th e lib ra ry , an d m a n a g e m e n t o f th e lib r a ry ’s in f o r m a tio n te c h n o lo g y . t h e d e a n re p o rts d ir e c tly to th e p ro v o s t an d is th e o ffic ia l re p re s e n ta tiv e an d a d v o ca te fo r th e lib rary in th e u n iv e r s ity , th e s ta te o f io w a , an d th e la rg e r a ca d e m ic co m m u n itie s . a c a rn e g ie f o u n d a tio n r e se a rc h i in s titu tio n an d m e m b e r o f th e p r e s tig io u s a a u , io w a s ta te u n iv e r s ity is a c o m p re h e n s iv e la n d -g ra n t in s titu tio n . it is lo c a te d in a m e s, a co m m u n ity o f 5 0 ,0 0 0 p e o p le k n o w n for its e x c e p tio n a l q u a lity o f life. io w a s ta te e n r o lls m o r e th a n 2 5 , 0 0 0 s tu d e n ts in its u n d erg ra d u a te , g rad u ate a n d p ro fe s s io n a l d e g ree p ro g ram s in its n in e co lle g e s . it e m p lo y s 5 ,8 0 0 fa cu lty an d s ta ff, an d h as an a n n u a l b u d g et e x c e e d in g $ 6 5 0 m illio n . t h e u n iv e r s ity is in th e m id s t o f a $ 3 0 0 m illio n ca p ita l c a m p a ig n , w h ic h in c lu d e s lib ra ry e n d o w m e n ts in s u p p o rt o f re s o u r c e s , se r v ic e s , an d eq u ip m e n t. t h e u n iv e rs ity s e e k s a d is tin g u is h e d le a d e r fo r its lib ra ry s y ste m w h o is w ell in fo r m e d re g a rd in g th e iss u e s fa cin g re s e a r ch lib r a rie s an d th e tren d s th at a ffe c t th e m . c a n d id a te s are re q u ired to h av e th e m .l .s . d e g ree fro m an a l a -a c c r e d ite d in s titu tio n , alo n g w ith th e c r e d e n tia ls to be a p p o in te d at th e ra n k o f p r o fe s s o r w ith te n u re . c a n d id a te s m u st a lso h av e an u n d e rs ta n d in g o f, an d c o m m itm e n t to , d iv ersity in h irin g an d p r o m o tio n . a d d itio n a lly , c a n d id a te s w ill b e ev a lu a ted a c c o rd in g to: ( 1 ) ack n o w le d g e d n a tio n a l s ta n d in g in th e p r o fe s s io n ; ( 2 ) e x p e r ie n c e a t th e u p p e r lev e l o f re s e a r c h lib ra ry a d m in is tra tio n , in c lu d in g s u c c e s s in a n a ly sis an d lo n g -ra n g e p la n n in g , b u d g e tin g , e x te rn a l fu n d -ra is in g , an d p e rs o n n e l an d o rg a n iz a tio n a l m a n a g e m e n t; ( 3 ) s c h o la r ly an d p r o fe s s io n a l d is tin c ­ tio n ; ( 4 ) e x p e rie n c e in in te g r a tin g e m e rg in g te c h n o lo g ie s an d e le c tr o n ic re s o u r c e s w ith tr a d itio n a l lib ra ry c o lle c tio n s an d s e r v ic e s ; ( 5 ) c o m m itm e n t to th e in te lle c tu a l a n d s e r v ic e m is s io n o f th e lib rary in th e c o n te x t o f th e u n iv e r s ity , th e s ta te , th e n a tio n an d th e w o rld , as w e ll as to th e in te lle c tu a l life o f th e u n iv e rs ity ; ( 6 ) th e a b ility to p r o m o te c o lla b o r a tio n , s c h o la r s h ip , an d s e r v ic e in a co lle g ia l s e ttin g ; an d ( 7 ) s tro n g in te r p e r s o n a l s k ills , w ith d e m o n s tra te d a b ility to in te r a c t an d w o rk e ffe c tiv e ly w ith o th e r u n iv e r s ity o ffic e r s , fa c u lty , s ta ff, s tu d e n ts , an d th e g e n e ra l p u b lic in a d iv erse u n iv e r s ity c o m m u n ity . t h e io w a s ta te u n iv e rs ity l ib ra ry sy ste m , w ith an a n n u a l b u d g et o f n e a r ly $ 1 3 .5 m illio n , s u p p o rts n a tio n a lly re co g n iz e d c o lle c tio n s o f tw o m illio n v o lu m es, 2 .3 m illio n m ic r o fo r m s , an d 2 1 , 4 0 0 c u rre n t s e r ia ls. a n a u to m ate d l ib ra ry s y ste m (n o t is ) is in o p e r a tio n , w ith a p la n n ed m ig ra tio n to a client/ se rv e r sy stem in 1 9 9 8 . t h e s ta ff to ta ls 1 7 4 , in c lu d in g 5 0 p ro fe s s io n a l p o s itio n s w ith fa c u lty s ta tu s. t h e l ib ra ry is a m e m b e r o f a r l , c r l , b c r , an d o c l c . t h e s ta rtin g d ate is n e g o tia b le , a n d th e s alary is c o m m e n s u r a te w ith q u a lific a tio n s . r ev iew o f ca n d id a te s w ill b e g in o n d e c e m b e r 1 an d w ill co n tin u e u n til th e p o s itio n is filled . n o m in a tio n s and a p p lic a tio n s sh o u ld be s u b m itte d to : m a rk c . e n g e lb r e c h t, d e a n , c o lle g e o f d esig n , c h a ir , l ib ra ry d ean s e a r c h c o m m itte e , o ffic e o f th e p r o v o s t, 1 0 7 b e a rd s h e a r h a ll, io w a s ta te u n iv e r s ity , a m e s, io w a 5 0 0 1 1 . a p p lic a tio n s s h o u ld in c lu d e a s ta te m e n t o f in te r e s t, a c u r r ic u lu m v ita e, an d th e n am es an d te le p h o n e n u m b e rs o f fiv e re fe r e n c e s . f o r m o re in fo r m a tio n a b o u t io w a s ta te u n iv e rs ity an d a b o u t th e l ib ra ry , see o u r w o rld w id e w eb s ite s a t http://www.iastate.edu/ an d h ttp:/ / w w w .lib.iastate.edu io w a s ta te u n iv e r s it y is a n e q u a l o p p o r tu n ity / a ff irm a tiv e a c t i o n e m p lo y e r a n d e n c o u r a g e s th e n o m i n a t i o n a n d a p p lic a ti o n o f w o m e n a n d m i n o r i t y c a n d id a te s . http://www.iastate.edu/ http://www.lib.iastate.edu november1997/733 undergraduate and graduate programs; assessing the collection and developing strategies for attaining the collection levels needed to support curricular offerings; and participating in cooperative collec­ tion development activities in a three-institution consortium. collec­ tion development librarians work closely with the materials process­ ing, reference, and access teams as well as classroom faculty in managing the collection. responsibilities include liaison work with selected departments and possibly some duty in another library team, depending on interest, experience, and library needs. library faculty are expected to take leadership roles within the library and university, and to be active in professional service and scholarship. required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited school and a second ad­ vanced degree. at least five years of experience in collection devel­ opment in an academic library, including oversight of major projects. ability to manage change and provide vision in a team environment. experiences should include areas such as collection assessment, budget preparation, liaison with classroom faculty, and analysis of user needs. broad knowledge of the publishing industry. active interest in electronic resources and their impact on library collections. effective written and oral communication skills. preferred: working knowledge of at least one foreign language. experience with approval plans. familiarity with electronic product licensing issues. experi­ ence or training in working in a multicultural environment. appala­ chian state university is located in western north carolina, in the historic college town of boone, nestled in the beautiful blue ridge mountains. appalachian has a student enrollment of 12,100 students, and offers undergraduate and graduate degrees in more than 190 majors. it is a part of the university of north carolina system. library holdings include more than 713,000 books and bound periodicals, about 6,000 current periodical, newspaper, and serial titles, and almost 1.4 million microforms. appalachian is a member of solinet and the western north carolina library network, a consortium of three state universities sharing an innovative interfaces inc. system, document delivery by van, and an uncover gateway. the position is film and television librarian ucla library underthe general direction of the head of the arts library, has collection development and management responsibilities for the monographic and serial collections in film, television, and video art; works closely with the head of the arts library and other arts librarians to develop nonbook special collections in film, television, animation, and video art; participates in the development of the arts library’s electronic resources and web pages; participates in scheduling and coordinating reference desk hours; promotes and delivers library instruction to faculty and students, developing new modes of instruction using appropriate instructional technology and collaborating with other librarians, provides general reference assistance in the areas of architecture, art, art history, and theater as well as specialized reference services in the areas of film, television, and video art; engages in outreach and provides specialized library instructionforclasses and other campus groups involved in the study of film, television, or video art; serves as the library’s primary liaison to the film & television department within the school of theater, film, and television; serves on librarywide committees and task forces when appropriated. required: demonstrated understanding of the trends, concerns, and methods of both librarianship and film/television studies. subject expertise in film/television studies, as demonstrated by educational achievement and/or publications. familiarity with western european languages sufficient to permit effective reference work and collection development. effective oral and written communications skills, and ability to work well with faculty, graduate students, undergraduates, and other library users. flexibility in carrying out assignments in response to achanging environment; good interpersonal skills and an aptitude for working creatively both in a team situation and independently. desirable: graduate degree in film ortelevision studies; experience in providing reference services and/ or instruction in academic library settings. computing skills to work in an advanced technological environment with a mix of pcs and macintosh equipment. working knowledge of internet applications (including design of world wide web pages) and instructional technologies, as demonstrated by current achievements in educational or professional settings. familiarity with handling rare or fragile materials, gained from educational, scholarly, or work experience. awareness of principles of cataloging and classification, gained from educational or work experience. salary: $34,188-$54,636. anyone wishing to be considered for this position should write to: rita a. scherrei a ssociate university librarian for personnel and adm inistrative services u niversity research library ucla 11334 url, box 951575 los angeles, ca 90095-1575 the application letter should include acomplete statement of qualifications, afull resume of education and relevant experience, and the names of at least three persons whoare knowledgeable about theapplicant’s qualifications forthis position. candidates applying by december 1 ‚ 1997, will be given first consideration. 734 / c&rl neu‹s dean of university libraries (search reopened: previous candidates may reapply) st. john’s university, new york, invites applications and nominations for the position of dean of university libraries. the individual selected for this position will provide the leader­ ship and vision necessary to support, expand and advance the university libraries’ goals and objectives in harmony with educational and research programs of the university and the university's mission and strategic plan. a major component of the strategic plan is the developm ent of a dynamic, u niversity-wide and interdisciplinary inform ation technology architecture at the core of which will be a state-of-the-art computer system with community, national and international networking capabilities. founded in 1870 by the vincentian community, st. john’s is a doctoral i university comprised of nine schools and colleges. with more than 18,000 undergraduate, graduate and professional students, it is the largest catholic university in the nation, with campuses in queens and staten island, new york, and in rome, italy. the university is committed to academic excellence in teaching and scholarly research and to a core curriculum in the liberal arts and sciences. the dean oversees university libraries on all campuses, and also oversees service devel­ opment to students and faculty in the university’s off-site programs. this person reports directly to the provost, the university’s chief academ ic officer, and is a mem ber of the academic deans’ council, the provost’s principal administrative team. with a materials budget of approximately $2 million, the libraries’ collections exceed 1.3 mil­ lion volumes and 5600 periodical subscriptions. library services are delivered by 33 fte faculty and 68 fte staff. the dean has administrative responsibility for library-wide planning and policy direction, budget and personnel administration and fund-raising initiatives. the dean represents the libraries within the university and throughout the larger library and educational communities. the successful candidate should possess the following qualities: • ability to articulate the present and future challenges facing academic libraries and be an effective advocate for libraries and librarians; • ability to assume leadership role as the libraries integrate new media, technology and programs with traditional library collections and services to the faculty and student communities; • ability to establish and maintain collaborative and effective relationships with administrators, faculty, staff and students; • strong appreciation for and commitment to excellence in scholarship, research, instruction and public service. candidate should possess the following credentials: • an ala-accredited mls and an earned doctorate; • a record of success in increasingly responsible positions as a library administrator in an academic or other research environment; • successful experience in fiscal planning and management; • academic credentials and a record of research and service commensurate with a tenured faculty appointment. applications, which will be kept confidential, should include a brief statement of interest and a curriculum vitae. screening of applications will begin immediately. salary range commensurate with qualifications and experience. send application or nomination byjanuary 15, 1998 to: dr. jeffrey fagen, chair-search com m ittee, o ffice of the provost, st. jo h n ’s university 8000 utopia parkway, jam aica, new york 11439 http://www.stjohns.edu/ st. john’s is an equal opportunity employer and encourages applications from women and minorities. http://www.stjohns.edu/ november 1991/735 tenure-track and is available march 1, 1998. for appointment at the rank of assistant professor or higher, a second advanced degree is required. salary and rank are commensurate with qualifications. send letter of application, curriculum vitae, and the names, ad­ dresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: mary reichel, university librarian, belk library, appalachian state university, boone, nc 28608. completed applications must be received by january 12,1998. appalachian is an affirmative action, equal oppor­ tunity employer, and is committed to hiring women and minorities. coordinator of instruction services. central michigan university libraries. the central michigan university libraries are seeking qualified applicants for the position of coordinator of instruc­ tion services. principal responsibilities include providing leadership through planning and coordinating the university library’s user in­ struction program; working with librarians and academic department faculty to develop and maintain technology-based instructional mod­ ules; developing instructional methods and materials to enhance the program; providing user instruction to individuals and groups; provid­ ing sessions for librarians on electronic tools to be used for user instruction; collaborating with university staff and librarians in support of distance education programs and internet courses; providing reference and research support as assigned. minimum qualifications: mls from ala-accredited program. leadership ability. demonstrated teaching skills, with at least two years teaching experience, prefer­ ably in an academic library. excellent communication skills. enthusi­ director of library and media services fashion institute of technology state university of new york the fashion institute of technology seeks an innovative and collaborative leader to serve as director of library and media services. the successful candidate will have a strong service orientation and superior management and interpersonal skills. successful experience in integrating new information technologies into library services is essential. the library serves undergraduates, graduate students, and researchers in fashion and related design industries and professions. resources include rlin, dra/multilis, holdings of 130,000 print and 25,000 nonprint items, 1,000 current periodical subscriptions; six full-time and 11 adjunct librarians, and 50 support staff. fit confers associate and baccalaureate degrees in business & technology and art & design and also offers master of arts degree programs in gallery and retail art administration and museum studies. responsibilities; long-range planning and budget preparation; oversight for collection develop­ ment policies; administration of library, including media services and production; service on college faculty committees. qualifications: mls plus two years of appropriate experience, preferably in an academic setting, with significant administrative and managerial experience. participatory management style desired. subject master’s degree preferred. experience with and knowledge of computer information services and databases essential. active professional involvement in local and national library organizations. commit­ ment to special collections and preservation. subject knowledge in art and/or business areas. this is a faculty appointm ent reporting to the vice president of academic affairs. salary is competitive, with excellent benefits. position will remain open until filled; preference will be given to applications received by october 27,1997. address applications to: d irector, search c om m ittee g ladys m arcus library, fit seventh ave. at 27th st. new york, ny 10001-5992 fax: (2 1 2 )2 1 7 -5 2 6 8 please refrain from telephone or e-mail inquiry. fit is an eo/aa employer. asm and service orientation. knowledge of a wide range of electronic/ nternet and print reference resources. knowledge of html and xperience with web page design. ability to carry out assignments ndependently and cooperatively. evidence of potential for earning enure and promotion as a library faculty member. preferred qualifica­ ions: experience teaching in a hands-on computer laboratory. expe­ ience designing successful web-based instructional modules. su­ ervisory experience/potential. additional graduate degree. during 1996-97 cmu librarians conducted 300 instruction sessions, most ourse related, for 7,300 participants, and taught 22 sections, 24 tudents each, of a one-credit course. the libraries’ objective is to rovide outstanding instructional services across the spectrum of rint, on-site, and technology-based approaches. salary commensu­ ate with qualifications; minimum $36,500. excellent fringe benefits. osition is a 12-month tenure-track faculty appointment, reporting to he head of public services. submit letter of application addressing ualifications for the position, resume, and names, titles, addresses, nd telephone numbers of at least three references, via mail, to: bill iles, chairperson, coordinator of instruction services search com­ ittee, 207 park library, central m ichigan university, mt. pleasant, l 48859; or fax to (517) 774-2179. position is available immediately. pplications will be accepted and reviewed until position is filled. entral michigan university, a state institution offering bachelor's hrough doctoral degrees, has an enrollment of approximately 16,500 n-campus students and 12,000 off-campus students. cmu is lo­ ated in mt. pleasant, an attractive smallcity 66 miles north of i e i t t r p c s p p r p t q a m m m a c t o c 71 6 / c&rl news five positions the university of mississippi the university of mississippi libraries invite applications and nominations for the following position. catalog librarian responsibilities: reporting to the head of technical services, the catalog librarian is responsible for original and complex adaptive cataloging of monographs and serials in all subjects and languages for general and special collections. w orks as a mem ber of the cataloging team (two other professionals, three support staff, and numerous student assistants). required qualifications: ala-accredited mls, awarded by december 31,1997; excellent written and oral comm unication skills; extensive com puter knowledge; ability to work collegially and with initiative in a team environment. knowledge of marc formats, lc classification, and lcsh. familiarity with oclc and cataloging in an automated environment. preferred qualifications: cataloging experience in an academ ic library using innovative interfaces. reading knowledge of french and/or german. fam iliarity with automated authority control. rank and salary: appointm entto this entry-level 12-month tenure-track position will be at the assistant professor level, with a salary of $25,000. head of library systems responsibilities: reporting to the dean of libraries, the head of library systems administers the library’sintegratedonlinesystem (lnnovativelnterfaceslnc.);providestechnical supportformultiplatform library m icrocomputers and peripherals; supervises the library’s lans and networks; coordinates systems training for library employees; and functions as technical liaison to vendors and campus computing. supervises tw o fte staff m embers and student assistants. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls, awarded by december 31 ‚ 1997. excellent organiza­ tional, analytical, interpersonal, written and oral comm unication skills. knowledge of networking architecture; understanding of marc record structure, library cataloging standards, and bibliographic control in an automated environment; and familiarity with the emerging trends in information technology. preferred qualifications: two years experience im plementing and operating library-related integrated systems (preferably innopac), or equivalent. prefer working knowledge of unix, w indows, dos, macintosh os, sgml/html, and w eb development. experience in an academ ic environment. some supervisory experience. rank and salary: the appointee to this 12-month tenure-track position will carry rank and salary comm ensurate with experience and qualifications. minimum salary is $40,000. archivist/special collections librarian responsibilities: responsible fo r organizing and cataloging archival and m anuscript collections. assists in reference service for archives and special collections; in planning exhibits, special catalogs, finding guides, and related publications; in supervising senior library assistants (1.5 fte) and student assistants. reports to the head of special collections. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls, awarded by december 31 ‚ 1997, with a concentration in special collections/archival administration; knowledge of automated access systems for manuscripts and archives, including the integrated usmarc format; facility with web construction; including web page design; demonstrated effective oral and written comm unication skills, and evidence of success in interaction with colleagues; ability to perform physical activities associated with archival environ­ ments (i.e., ability to lift 40 pound boxes). preferred qualifications: an additional graduate degree in history, english, southern studies, o ra related subject. knowledge of preservation for special materials, ability to meet library faculty requirements for tenure. rank and salary: a ppointm entto this entry level 12-month tenure-track position will be a tth e assistant professor level with a salary of $25,000. assistant m usic/blues archive librarian responsibilities: reports to the music librarian/blues archivist. provide research supportforthe music library/blues archive, including reference and bibliographic assistance for users both on site and by phone, fax, and mail. make decisions regarding applicability of copyright law and donor agreem ents to requests by a diverse user group, both profit and nonprofit. provide a range of public relations services about blues m usicand the blues archive to the university community and the public. provide verbal and written introductions to the collectionsfor visitors and prospective donors. assist students, staff, faculty, (continued on next page) november1997/737 (continued from previous page) and visitors in using materials from the music library/blues archive. assist with maintenance of collections, including preparation of accession records for blues acquisitions and maintenance of blues subject files. in charge of the music library/blues archive, its staff, and its student assistants in the absence of the librarian/archivist. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls, awarded by december 31 ‚ 1997, with bachelor‘s degree in area relevant to the position. ability to provide music/blues reference service in person and by phone, fax, and mail. excellent oral, written, and interpersonal skills. familiarity with library procedures and equipment, including computers and word processing. ability to learn and assist research in music and musicians. ability to learn and enforce the policies of the music library/blues archive, particularly those dealing with the legal use of sound recordings, photographs, and unpublished materials. ability to work independently without direct supervision. ability to prioritize, organize, and work under pressure. w illingness to undertake tenure-track requirements in librarianship, research, and service. preferred qualifications: second master's in music or other area relevant to the position. supervisory experience. ability to conduct research in blues or american music topics. publications on blues or american music. performance experience in the blues or american music field. bank and salary: appointment to this entry-level 12-month tenure-track position will be at the assistant professor level, with a salary of $25,000. reference librarian/engineering bibliographer responsibilities: provide general reference desk service to all library users and specialized reference support to engineering students and faculty; some evenings and weekends required. instruction to individuals/classes on information retrieval and the effective use of print, electronic, and internet resources. collection developmentfor graduate and undergraduate programs in the college of engineer­ ing. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls, awarded by december 31, 1997, experience using standard reference sources, experience using internet applications and electronic sources of information, public service experience, effective interpersonal and communication skills, and ability to work in u.s. for more than one year. preferred qualifications: undergraduate orsecond master's degree in scientific or engineering discipline. experience in creating and maintaining www pages. work experience in academic reference. teaching experience. rank and salary: appointment to this entry-level 12-month tenure-track position will be at the assistant professor level, with a salary of $25,000. founded in 1848, the university is located in oxford, a cultural city in north mississippi cited by fortune magazine for its livability, located approximately one hour south of memphis. the university libraries include a recently completed $14.5 million expansion and renovation of the john davis williams library, a new science library, and internationally recognized music library/blues archive. the libraries are members of oclc, solinet, innovative users group, the center for research libraries, and the coalition for networked information. library collections comprise 850,000 volumes and 6,800 journal subscriptions, a regional depository for u.s. government publications, and renowned special collections of southern writers from william faulkner to larry brown. a recent $8 million gift from the donald w. reynolds foundation raised the library's endowmentto $10 million. an annual $4.5 million state allocation assists 26 library faculty and 33 staff in serving 10,600 students and over 500 faculty. for more information: visit, the library homepage at http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/general_library. application process: applications should include a letter describing interest in a specific position, curriculum vitae, and the names, addresses, e-mail address, and telephone numbers of three references. review of applications will begin on december 12, 1997, and continue until each position is filled. screening interviews may be conducted during ala in new orleans. for referral to the appropriate search committee, please send nominations and applications to: john m. m eador, jr. dean of libraries j. d. w illiam s library the university of m ississippi u niversity, ms 38677 the university o f m ississippi is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity em ployer a n d does n ot discriminate on the basis o f age, race, color, sex, pregnancy, religion, m arital status, national origin, disabilities, o r status as disabled o r vietnam-era veteran. http://www.olemiss.edu/depts/general_library 73 8 / c& ri. news director of libraries u niversity of w isconsin-eau claire the university of wisconsin-eau claire is seeking a dynamic and energetic leader as director of libraries. the candidate must possess innovative leadership skills and a demonstrated record of achievement in moving an academic library forward in supporting the curriculum. candidate records must show management of a program including the development and application of electronicformats, automated library systemsandotherinformation and technology resources while balancing attention to print formats, the core collection and traditional library services. the university provides a strong liberal arts program and professional education in a faculty/student collaborative learning environment. reporting to the assistant chancellor for information and technology management, and working with the provost and the deans, the directorplans and develops library services and information resources that strengthen the university’sacademic programs and priorities. support of thecurriculum lies at the heart of this position, andindudesdirect work with department chairs, faculty and studentsinacollaborative teaching and learning environment. the director provides leadership and resources for an experienced and knowledgeable library staff. qualifications required: knowledge of emerging technologies and trends in higher education and their impact on the nature of the academic library and the university learning community of the future; innovative leadership skills in managing a program incorporating electronic formats and automated library systems supporting the curriculum in strong new ways; progressively responsible library administrative, planning and management experience; an ala-accredited mls in library/information science; a minimum of five years professional experience in a comprehensive library; outstanding oral and written communication skills; experience in program and financial planning. qualifications considered assets: a second advanced degree; capacity for developing and sustaining effective relationships with administrators, faculty, staff and students; ability to serve as an advocate, spokesperson and leaderforthe library’s educational mission atthe campus, community, state and national level; involvement in academic programs which demonstrates an understanding of the needs of a scholarly comm unity and the intellectual depth to win the respect of the faculty; a record of scholarly and professional achievement appropriate for tenure at uw-eau claire. mcintyre library maintains an active bibliographic instruction program and provides access to a wide array of electronic resources. a selective federal and state depository and a regional historical research center, the library has a collection of more than 528,189 volumes, 260,000 government documents, 1,237,074 microforms, 1,700 current periodical subscriptions, and 3,000 cubic feet of archives and manuscripts. the director supervises 16.5 faculty/academic staff professionals and 19.25 (fte) classified staff, is responsible for personnel, and administers a budget of approximately $2.2 million. the library director engages in cooperative planning atthe uwsystem and state levels, participatesonthe uw-eau claire distance education council and will oversee the library’s migration to its third online system. the university: the university of wisconsin-eau claire, with an enrollment of 10,500 students, offers undergraduate and graduate programs in the colleges of arts and sciences, business and professional studies (which includes the schools of education, human sciences and services, and nursing). forthe past twoyears, u.s. news and world report ranked uwec among the top five most efficient regional universities in the midwest and among the top 10 for value in relation to quality. uwec supports campuswide fiber optics, intrabuilding wiring, an innovative faculty and student technology training program, a student-computer ratio of 11 to 1 and a recently expanded library facility with ethemet connectivity. known as wisconsin’s most beautiful campus, uw-eau claire spans both banks of the chippewa river in the heart of west central wisconsin’s largest city. with a population of 56,000, eau claire is90 minuteseastofminneapolis/st. paul and isthecommercial, educational, cultural, and medical center of the region. additional information about uw-eau claire and mcintyre library may be found on the world wide web (http://www.uwec.edu). this annual appointment includes faculty rankand begins february 1,1998, or as soon thereafter as possible. salary will be commensurate with qualifications. send letter of nomination or application, resume, and the names, addresses and phone numbers of three references to: michelene belger office of information & technology management schofield hall room 212a university of wisconsin-eau claire eau claire, wl 54701 the review of the candidates begins december 15, 1997, and continues until the position is filled. nominations and applications from under-represented groups are encouraged. http://www.uwec.edu november1997/739 lansing, positioned in the center of michigan’s lower peninsula. visit the libraries’ homepage at http://www.lib.cmich.edu. cmu (aa/eo institution) encourages diversity and resolves to provide equal oppor­ tunity regardless of race, sex, disability, sexual orientation, or other irrelevant criteria. director of library services. southern arkansas univer­ sity. duties: provide leadership for library; develop budgets, policies, priorities, and strategic plans; promote faculty-student relations and direct library support for educational, public service, and continuing education opportunities in an extended campus region. reports to vice president for academic affairs. qualifications: strong leader­ ship, interpersonal communication, management, and planning skills; vision and knowledge to develop and direct library computer informa­ tion systems; commitment to diversity; five years academic library experience and a record of professional achievements. ala-accred­ ited mls required; earned doctorate in an appropriate discipline preferred. salary and title commensurate with qualifications and experience. applications will be reviewed as received. starting date negotiable. southern arkansas university’s library serves 2,600 undergraduate and graduate students and holds approximately 150.000 volumes, 8,500 av pieces, 925 periodical subscriptions, and 328.000 government documents. send letter of interest, vita, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three people who may be contacted as references to: office of personnel, southern arkansas u niversity, sau box 9288, magnolia, ar 71753-5000. aa/eoe. document delivery librarian. the university of oklahoma. duties: under the general direction of the head of access sen/ices, the document delivery librarian supervises document delivery ser­ vices and interlibrary loan operations. this includes hiring, training, supervising, and evaluating three full-time staff and student assis­ tants; coordinating interlibrary loan activities with branch libraries; the evaluation of mediated and unmediated electronic document deliv­ ery; provision of training to library staff and library users in the use of various online document delivery systems; determination of the need for fee-based services; development of guides to document delivery services; coordination with collection development in recommenda­ tions for the acquisition of electronic delivery systems and resources; representation of the library in consortial and shared-resources programs; and other duties as assigned. this position is governed by the university’s policies for research or creative achievement and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifica­ tions: required: mls from ala-accredited library school; two years paraprofessional or one year professional experience in interlibrary loan or document delivery; experience with major bibliographic utili­ ties; library instruction concepts and/or staff training; supervisory experience. desirable: strong interpersonal and communication skills; working knowledge of library systems software and interlibrary loan statistical software; second master’s degree; evidence of research or creative achievement. deadline for applications: december 15,1997. salary: $32,000. benefits: tiaa/cref; state retirement system; 33 days paid leave; short-term disability leave; university holidays; comprehensive medical protection; and group life insurance. univer­ sity libraries: a member of the research libraries group, amigos, and arl, the university libraries consist of a main library and six branches. the collection contains more than 2.5 million volumes, 16.000 periodical subscriptions, and three outstanding special collec­ tions in history of science, western history, and business history. the libraries operate a computerized library system (notis) including local holdings, subject databases, and network connections to other libraries. norman, oklahoma, is an attractive community close to a major metropolitan city. employment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, rank of assistant professor or above, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume, a list of publications, and the names of three references including current supervisor, to: donald c. hudson, assistant to the dean for administrative services, university libraries, u n iversity o f o klahoma, norman, ok 73019; phone: (405) 325-2611. oklahoma university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. we encourage women and minority applicants and we are responsive to the needs of dual career couples. electronic resources cataloging librarian. wash­ ington state university libraries. position available: currently va­ cant. faculty position requiring a solid knowledge of cataloging rules. exercise innovative thinking in approaching cataloging of new forms of information, including serials (print and electronic), images, and networked information. work with library and teaching/research fac­ ulty to bring about creative solutions to bibliographic access issues. perform liaison responsibilities with other technical sen/ices units, public services, and library systems to resolve problems and new technical challenges. participate in formulation of opac policies and decisions, including display issues. act as team leader for cataloging of serials and nontraditional materials, working with staff to plan and execute cataloging/access projects. reports to head, bibliographic control, in the technical sen/ices division. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls or its foreign equivalent at time of hire, knowl­ edge of aacr2, lcsh, marc formats, and guidelines under devel­ opment for electronic resources; experience with computer applica­ tions in libraries, serials cataloging, and use of bibliographic utilities, preferably oclc; working knowledge of at least one foreign lan­ guage. preferred: working knowledge of sgml, html, tei, and visual basic programming language; strong communications and organizational skills and aptitude for complex, analytical work, with attention to detail. salary: from $26,000, commensurate with quali­ fications and experience. rank: librarian 2; faculty status. other benefits: tiaa/cref; broad insurance program; 22 days vacation, 12 days sick leave per year. application: send letter of application, resume, and names and complete mailing addresses of three refer­ ences to: donna l mccool, associate director for administrative services, library administrative office, w ashington state u niver­ sity, p.o. box 645610, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application review begins january 15, 1998. wsu libraries’ hjomepage address: http:/ /www.wsulibs.wsu.edu. wsu is an eeo employer. protected group members are encouraged to apply. head, cataloging department. (search extended). loyola university chicago seeks an experienced, innovative librarian to provide overall management and visionary leadership for its catalog­ ing department, which has two professional librarians, eight support staff, and 12 to 15 student assistants. the department is responsible for cataloging of monographs in all formats, including electronic, and audiovisual resources for five libraries in the chicago area and rome, italy, and for authority control and maintenance of the notis online catalog. the department head plans, organizes, and monitors the operations of the department; is responsible for personnel; and provides oversight for all cataloging activities throughout the biblio­ graphic and access services division, including development, stan­ dardization, and consistent application of all policies for cataloging. oversees the implementation of outsourcing of some cataloging, using oclc promptcat and other services. the departments in the bibliographic and access services division are closely integrated, dynamic, and highly collaborative and cooperative. the successful candidate will work with other members of the management team of the division to develop and implement division plans, the department head is a member of the libraries’ planning council and the biblio­ graphic and access services management group, is chair of the cataloging policy board, and serves on other committees as appro­ priate. reports to: assistant university librarian for bibliographic and access services. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; a minimum of 5 years progressively responsible experience in an academic library; significant supervisory experience; superior oral and written commu­ nication and interpersonal skills; thorough knowledge of current practice and future trends in cataloging; knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, us marc formats and other relevant cataloging tools; thorough knowledge of authority control; demonstrated creativ­ ity in the application of technology to the cataloging process; demon­ strated planning skills; experience with in tegrated library sys­ tem s and bibliographic utilities, especially notis and oclc. the individual in this position needs to be flexible and able to work in a com plex, rapidly moving organizational setting. the successful candidate will have strong collaborative and collegial skills, the ability to transform vision in to reality, and a com m itm ent to excellence in service. salary com m ensurate with qualifications and experience, from a base of $42,000. librarians have limited faculty status, earn 20 vacation days, and have a standard package of fringe benefits, including university contributions to tiaa/cref. q ualified applicants should send a letter of applica­ tion, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: karla d. petersen, assistant university librarian for b ibliographic and access services, cudahy library, l o y o la u n iv e rs ity c h ica g o , 6525 n. sheridan rd., chicago, il 60626. applications received by novem ber 15, 1997, will receive first consideration, but applications will be accepted until the position is filled. loyola university chicago is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity educator and em ployer. head, lewis library, and assistant to the assistant university librarian for information services. loyola university chicago libraries seeks a dynamic leader to manage its lewis library in downtown chicago and to sen/e as assistant to the assistant university librarian (aul) for information services. lewis library serves the undergraduate and graduate programs of the http://www.lib.cmich.edu http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu 7 4 0 / c&rl news schools of business, social work, and criminal justice, and houses approximately 250,000 volumes; the head of the library is in charge of executing the annual operating and strategic plans to provide excellent service to students and faculty in these programs, as well as for some general undergraduate studies. the head is responsible for hiring, training, and evaluating four professional librarians and, indi­ rectly, five full-time support staff and approximately 7.0 fte part-time staff; she/he also oversees the purchasing of equipment, supplies, and services for the library. as assistant aul for information services, the position holder is a key player in the division’s planning activities and functions as deputy in charge of these in the aul’s absence. also serves on the university libraries administrative group, libraries planning council, the library board (ex officio), and other committees as required. reports to: assistant university librarian for information services. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; a minimum of five years progressively responsible experience in an academic library, including supervisory and planning responsibilities; excellent oral and written communications skills; up-to-date knowledge of library tech­ nology and, especially, electronic resources available to serve the library’s mission. the successful candidate will have strong collabo­ rative and collegial skills, be familiar with strategic planning, and have a strong commitment to excellence in service. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience, from a base of $42,000. librarians have limited faculty status, earn 20 vacation days, and have a standard package of fringe benefits, including university contribu­ tions to tiaa/cref. qualified applicants should send a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: alan barny, assistant university librarian for information services, loyola university chicago, sullivan center, 6525 n. sheridan rd., chicago, il 60526. applications received by december 1, 1997, will receive first consideration, but applications will be accepted until the position is filled. loyola university chicago is an affirmative action, equal opportunity educator and employer. head of reference, loop campus. (search reopened). depaul university library is seeking a head of reference for its loop campus library, the location for the business and computer science collections. the head of reference is responsible for providing social work librarian jackson state university school of social work the school of social work at jackson state university is seeking to fill a social work librar­ ian position. this position requires a master’s degree in library science from an accredited program of the american library association and at least three years of professional library work experience, with a minimium of oneyear in an institution of higher education. preference is given to substantial libtary work experience in the subject area (social work) or related subject areas (social or behavioral sciences or health sciences). responsibilities will include building a collection and database of library resources for a professional school of social work; provides acquisition services; references and other user services; working collaboratively with social work professional staff and faculty, and with other university professional programs; supervising students and providing library instructions for students and other users; conducting database searches; and providing cataloging services in collaboration with other university library staff. letter of interest, three letters of reference, and other scholarly work should be sent to: gwendolyn s. prater dean, school of social w ork jackson state u niversity 3825 ridgewood rd. jackson, ms 39211 phone: (601) 987-4388 fax: (601) 364-2396 review of applications will begin immediately and will continue until the position is filled. jackson state university’s school o f social work does not discrim inate on the basis o f race, color, gender, creed, age, ethnic o r national origin, disability, political orientation, o r sexual orientation. instructional services librarian the university of northern colorado the university of northern colorado seeks appli­ cants for the position of instructional services librarian and assistant professor of library sci­ ence, position number 20639. required: master's degree from an ala-accred ited library school; experience in a college, uni­ versity, or research library. this is a manage ment-level, term-track position. the position reports to the associate dean for public services and personnel. responsibleforplanning, imple­ menting, coordinating, and evaluating an instruc­ tional program for onand off-campus students. must have strong interpersonal skills and the ability to identify and respond to instructional needs. minimum $31,700. starting date is may 1, 1998 (negotiable). the position is contingent on funding from the colo­ rado state legislature, approval by the board of trustees, and subject to the policies and regula­ tions of the university of northern colorado. all application materials will be accepted until december 15,1997. send letterof application highlighting candidate’s suitability, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: instructional services librarian search com m ittee c/o a dm inistration office jam es a. m ichener library university of northern c olorado greeley, co 80639 unc is an a a e o em ployer a nd com m itted to fostering diversity in its student body, faculty, and staff. aaeo office, c arter 2011. november 1997/741 innovative as well as traditional reference and research services to faculty and staff at the loop campus and supervises five full-time professionals, several part-time reference librarians, and students. the head takes a leadership role in designing and implementing information services for loop campus library constituencies, works closely with the instruction coordinator to support library instruction, participates in a comprehensive collection development program, and develops active working relationships with faculty in order to identify, assess, and implement information needs and services. the newly renovated, networked loop campus library is located in depaul center which serves as the cornerstone for depaul’s loop campus in downtown chicago. depaul university is a private, com­ prehensive, urban institution of over 17,000 students, with five chi cago-area campuses. the successful candidate will have an ala accredited mls degree; a strong sen/ice orientation; skill in the use of electronic information sources, including web-based and other internet sources; excellent oral and written communication skills and interpersonal skills; demonstrated initiative and flexibility in a de­ manding and rapidly changing environment. preferred qualifications include business reference experience; two or more years of supervi­ sory experience; experience in an academic library; and a commit­ ment to professional development. excellent benefits include free tuition, medical/dental package, four weeks vacation, and tiaa/cref pension plan. salary starts at $41,000, depending on experience and education. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application with resume and the names of three current references to: doris r. brown, director of libraries, john t. richardson library, depaul u niversity, 2350 n. kenmore, chicago, il 60614 3210. depaul university, an employer of choice, is committed to diversity and equality in education and employment. head, special collections and archives. virginia com­ monwealth university is seeking an experienced archivist/librarian to manage its book, manuscript, and university archives collection in its academic campus library’s special collections and archives unit. reports to the assistant director for academic user services and assistant bibliographic control services librarian dartmouth college library dartmouth college library seeks an experienced catalog librarian to serve as assistant bibliographic control services librarian. responsibilities: reporting to the bibliographic control services librarian, the incumbent man­ ages cataloging processes and creates catalog records for a wide variety of materials in many languages, subjects, and formats. designs and im plements procedures to integrate remotely accessed and locally m aintained electronic information resources into the catalog. as a m em ber of the departm ent's m anagem ent team, provides assistance and leadership to a staff of seven bibliographic control specialists in the creation of original and complex copy cataloging records in many languages, subjects, and formats. interprets current cataloging rules and standards for the staff. designs and executes initial and ongoing cataloging training programs for the staff. provides leadership in serials cataloging issues. w orks with staff throughout collection services in the design and documentation local bibliographic and authority control policies and procedures. participates in planning and decision making fo r the department, and, through service on library committees, in a variety of other library operations. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. minimum of three years post-mls cataloging experience in an academic or research library. demonstrated knowledge of current cataloging rules, standards, and formats. demonstrated competence in the use of an integrated library system, an online bibliographic utility (oclc, rlin), and networked cataloger’s workstations, and an understanding of the interfaces between each of these tools. reading knowledge of two foreign languages; european languages preferred. familiarity with currenttrends in cataloging, especially those related to electronic information resources. demonstrated team-based comm unication and problem-solving skills, as well as interper­ sonal and written comm unication skills, experience in cataloging serials, electronic resources, or nonbook form ats is highly desirable. salary and benefits: r ankand salary comm ensurate with experience and qualifications, with a minimum salary of $32,500 for librarian ii; full benefits package, including 22 vacation days, comprehensive health insurance, tiaa/cref, and relocation assistance. dartmouth college information: http://www.dartmouth.edu applications: applications received by december 15, 1997 will be given first consideration; applications will be considered until the position is filled. position available april 1 ‚ 1998. send resume to: p hyllis e. ja yn es d ire cto r o f u ser s ervice s 115 b a ke r library h anover, nh 03 75 5 -3 5 2 5 d artm outh c ollege is an aa, eeo, m /f employer. m ino rity candidates are e ncouraged to apply. http://www.dartmouth.edu 7 42/c&rl news two positions illinois state university milner library illinois state university’s milner library seeks two creative, energetic librarians for full-time, 12-month, tenurtrack positions that provide ample opportunities for professional growth. as illinois’ oldest public university, isu strives to offer an outstanding undergraduate education to 17,500 undergrads in 35 disciplines, as well as to serve 2,500 graduate students through diverse master’s and doctoral programs. milner library supports those programs with a service-focused staff of 110 and a collection of over 1.3 million volumes. illinois state is located in normal/bloomington, a rapidly expanding community of 100,000 two hours from chicago and three hours from st. louis. qualifications applicable to both positions: ala-accredited master's; strong service orientation; commitment to working in a collegial, participative environment; appropriate academic library experience; exceptional potential for leadership. scholarship, service, and participation in library and university governance, along with second advanced degree, are required for tenure or appointment beyond the rank of instructor. library instruction coordinator provides shape and direction to required course-integrated instruction in the university’s innovative general education program, which integrates extensive library instruction into its three interdisciplinary core courses emphasizing problem solving, critical thinking, and multidiscipline foundations of learning. in addition, offers expertise in enhancing presentation skills to subject librarians who provide discipline related instruction. develops a strategy to guide the existing instructional programs, currently reaching 13,400 students in 660 sessions, into the 21 st century, utilizing the latest technological innovations in teaching. enhance library visibility on campus by effectively marketing programs to faculty and departments. maintain program statistics, and oversee the library’s electronic classrooms. will include long-range programmatic and facility planning; outreach programs to nontraditional groups; and regular reference desk assignments. specific qualifications: demonstrated expertise in library instruction; ability to formulate, articu­ late, and implement a coherent program of library instruction; excellent management, marketing, and interpersonal skills. second advanced degree strongly preferred. psychology reference librarian service-oriented position with responsibilities that include traditional and electronic reference service and collection development in psychology, philosophy, religion, and education; library instruction; liaison with faculty and students in the departments of psychology and philosophy. specific qualifications: knowledge of psychology; appropriate reference and instruction skills; and willingness to work in a collaborative, consensus-building environment. a second degree in psychology and relevant academic library experience, including library instruction, collection develop­ ment, and web development skills, highly desirable. salaries: negotiable depending on education and experience. $32,000-$35,000 minimum atthe rank of assistant professor. preferred beginning date: march 15,1998. application deadline: applications accepted until positions filled, but for maximum consideration, applications should be submitted not later than january 15,1998. to apply: submit letter of application, resume, and at least three references to: li coordinator search c om m ittee or psychology search c om m ittee attn: cheryl elzy m ilner library illinois state university c am pus box 8900, norm al, il 61790-8900 for more information, visit milner library at http://www.mlb.ilstu.edu. illinois state university is an affirmative action and equal opportunity employer. http://www.mlb.ilstu.edu november1997/743 works very closely with the head, collection management. respon­ sible for the management of the unit through the general administra­ tion, planning, evaluation, and implementation of the unit’s collec­ tions, reference services, and technical processing; promotes the unit’s holdings; selects specialized materials in a wide variety of formats; supervises support staff. responsible for cultivating ties throughout the university, community, and the commonwealth. shares responsibilities relating to general reference and collection develop­ ment. qualifications: ala-accredited mls desirable or other appro­ priate academic master's degree. course work in archival manage­ ment, a master's in archival studies, or archival experience also desirable. experience with a wide variety of specialized materials, including books, book art, graphic arts, museum pieces, and digital information. experience with automation and technological tools for electronic preservation and access. familiarity with emerging tech­ nologies also a plus. of particular importance are an understanding of the principles of text encoding (sgml and tei guidelines); expe­ rience in the digitization of archival materials; experience with web page design, construction and maintenance; and knowledge of digital scanning systems and ocr. ability to meet requirements for faculty advancement, including professional service and publication. dem­ onstrated experience in digital technology and record of success in developing and/or implementing virtual projects highly desirable. complete position description as well as information about university l ib ra ry se rvices and the u n ive rsity are ava ila b le at http:// www.library.vcu.edu/news/html. salary: minimum $32,000, plus ben­ efits. submit resume and the names and phone numbers for three current references to: sarah barbara watstein, assistant director for information literacy librarian oakland university, rochester, michigan the oakland university library seeks a dynamic individual to initiate information literacy programs that will develop students’ lifelong learning skills. additional assignments will include work in collection developm ent and in other professional areas, based upon the library’s needs and the successful candidate’s qualifica­ tions. primary responsibilities: building close working relationships with faculty and students in selected disciplines to expand the use of com puter and information resources through in depth consultation and instruction; providing leadership in the developm ent of the information literacy program; serving as a collection developm ent liaison to selected academ ic departments; participating in the continued developm ent of the library’s w eb site; fulfilling scholarship and service requirements for promotion and tenure. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree. two years of professional experience in an academ ic library. experience in teaching information skills to students and faculty and working with them in applying information technologies. demonstrated ability to plan, initiate, and im plement effective programs and services; to w ork independently and as part of a team; and to w ork with diverse faculty, staff, and students. effective oral and w ritten com m unication skills. potential to meet library’s require­ ments for prom otion and tenure. desired qualificatio ns: undergraduate o r advanced degree in the sciences, engineering, or social sciences; or experience working with science, engineering, or social science faculty in an academ ic institution. experience in collection developm ent activities. experience with the authoring of web pages. scholarly publications; participation in professional organizations. rank, salary, benefits: tenure-track, eight-month, bargaining-unitfaculty appointment. professo­ rial rank and salary dependent upon credentials and experience, with a minimum salary of $34,000. excellent fringe benefits program (including tiaa/c r ef and fidelity retirem ent plans). general information: o akland university is a comprehensive, state-supported institution of approxim ately 14,000 students that offers a diverse set of academ ic programs at the baccalaureate, m aster’s, and doctoral levels. the university is located 30 miles north of detroit on a 1,500-acre campus. for more information, see the oakland university w eb site, http://www .oakland.edu, and the ou library w eb site, http://www. kl .oakland.edu. applications: send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, telephone numbers, and e mail addresses of three current professional references to: m ild re d h. m erz c h a ir o f s ea rc h c o m m itte e k res ge l ibrary o a k la n d u n iv e rs ity r o ch es ter, ml 4 8 3 0 9 -4 4 8 4 fax: (24 8) 37 0 -2 4 7 4 in order to ensure consideration, applications must be received by january 15,1998. o a klan d u niversity is an affirm a tive action, e q u a l opp o rtu n ity e m p lo ye r a n d encourages applications from wom en a n d m inorities. http://www.library.vcu.edu/news/html http://www.oakland.edu http://www 74 4 /c&rl news academic user services, university library services, virginia com­ monwealth university, vcu box 2033, richmond, va 23284-2033. review of applications will begin december 15, 1997. virginia commonwealth university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities, women, and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply. interlibrary loan/reference librarian. university of arkansas at little rock. the ottenheimer library at the university of arkansas at little rock has an immediate opening for a librarian with responsibilities as a department head for interlibrary loan and as a reference librarian. responsibilities: reporting to the assistant director for instructional and public services, this person will super­ vise a department that conducts all interlibrary loan transactions for the library, and will provide general reference service on rotation at the reference desk. flexible schedule includes work one night per week and some weekends. department operations include handling dean of libraries james madison university james madison university isseeking leadershipforthe university libraries. located in virginia’s beautiful shenandoah valley, james madison university is a public, comprehensive university offering quality undergraduate education. the university also offers graduate programs at the master’s and doctoral level. james madison university, often cited in the national media as one of the best regional public universities in the country, has been a leader in higher education in the state and region. the dean of libraries reports to the vice-president of academic affairs and is administratively responsible for carrier library and two branch libraries. the dean provides leadership, planning, and a shared vision for library services in support of the academic programs. the libraries’ physical facilities are well equipped to support the demand for digital technology, with over 150 networked computers, the innovative (iii) library system, and a fu ll partnership in virginia’s virtual library (viva) consortium. the services to the university are exemplary with an especially strong instructional and academic departmental liaison program. librarians enjoy faculty status and are active partners with the classroom faculty. collections are over 600,000 volumes. the annual operating budget exceeds $3 million. the staff includes 17 library faculty and 36 classified employees. qualifications: the successful candidate will be an experienced and seasoned administrator and leader whose style is open, collaborative, and who has a proven commitmentto shared decision making. the dean is expected to have excellent communication, interpersonal, and organizational skills as well as an ability to lead to ensure the institutional and library goals are realized. also essential will be experience in planning and implementing technology initiatives in libraries. since the dean will also have a significant voice in universitywide technology planning, it is essential that sheor he have considerable understanding of the issues affecting information systems in higher education. academic credentials must include an mls from an ala-accredited institution. graduate work beyond the mls highly desirable. the position will be available july 1 ‚ 1998. interested applicants are encouraged to view the following urlsforfurtherinformation: http://www.jmu.edu/; http://www.jmu.edu.library/ applications, including a vita and the names of three references, should be send to: alm a hale-cooper c arrier library jam es madison university harrisonburg, va 22807 fax: (540) 568-6339 phone: (540) 568-6996 e-m ail: halecoac@ jm u.edu salaries are competitive. benefits include trigon (bc/bs) health and dental insurance; a variety of retirement plans, including tiaa/cref and the virginia state retirement system; 20 days vacation, terms of appointment are faculty rank and status and a multi-year renewable contract. screening for applicants will begin november 17,1997, and will continue until a successful candidate is found. jam es madison university is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action, equal access em ployer a nd especially encourages applications from minorities, women, and persons with disabilities. personnel matters, improving procedures for more effective service, and reviewing document delivery services. reference duties include helping to select reference titles, explaining cd-rom services to students, interpreting the dra system to patrons, and providing bibliographic instruction. knowledge of the internet and other online systems necessary. position requires working closely with the class­ room faculty and participating on faculty committees and in profes­ sional organizations. mls from an ala-accredited institution, with minimum of three years professional experience required; back­ ground in public services work, especially reference, preferred. ill experience helpful; excellent interpersonal and communication skills necessary. minimum salary $32,500 for 12-month faculty tenure track position at rank of assistant professor; 22 days of paid vacation plus holidays; tiaa/cref; dental and health insurance, disability and life insurance also available. applications received by december 1, 1997 will receive first consideration, but applications will be accepted until position is filled. send resume and transcripts with http://www.jmu.edu/ http://www.jmu.edu.library/ mailto:halecoac@jmu.edu november1997/745 names of three professional references to: maureen james-barnes, chair, search committee, ottenheimer library/ualr, 2801 south university ave., little rock, ar 72204. u n iversity of a rkansas at little rock/ottenheimer library: located in the capital city, the university of arkansas at little rock is one of five u-a system campuses. student population is 11,000 as of fall 1997. for more information, visit the library’s web page at http://library.uair.edu, or e mail the search committee chair at mejames@ualr.edu. the univer­ sity of arkansas at little rock is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and actively seeks the candidacy of minorities, women, and persons with disabilities. under arkansas law, all appli­ cations are subject to disclosure. persons hired must have proof of legal authority to work in the united states. librarian/ reference/ill. 10-month, tenure-track, assistant professor, ala-accredited mls or mlis degree, science background a plus. begin july 1 ‚ 1998. provide instruction to library users in both print and electronic information sources within the context of an undergraduate liberal arts college. work in close collaboration with other members of the library staff to develop and implement programs and services that will enable users, particularly in the sciences, to locate, obtain, and use materials in an evolving electronic environ­ ment. assist in providing general reference service (including some evening hours), liaison with classroom faculty in the sciences, and occasional participation in the general education program. oversight of interlibrary loan service another major responsibility. ability to work well with users and staff. send letter of interest, resume, transcript, and at least three current letters of professional reference, by decem­ ber 1, 1997, to: edward i. stevens, director of library services, eckerd college library, 4200 54th ave. s., st. petersburg, fl33711. women and minorities encouraged to apply. eoe. networked resources education librarian. responsi­ bilities; under the direction of the coordinator of user education programs, the networked resources education librarian is respon­ sible for designing and implementing library instructional services for a networked information environment where user self-sufficiency is vital and remote access is increasingly the norm. the librarian will develop and teach classes covering a variety of networked resources and tools and will design and implement instructional materials (tutorials, help screens, etc.) for use in a web-based library wide information system. the librarian will actively promote and market library programs and services to a diverse university community and participate in providing general reference services, including evening and weekend hours. reports to head, reference sen/ices depart­ ment. research, publication, and service to the libraries, university, and profession are expected to satisfy criteria for continuing appoint­ ment and promotion. qualifications: required: a master’s degree accredited by the american library association or the equivalent library professional degree accredited by an appropriate foreign association; one year public service experience in an academic or large public library; demonstrated expertise in producing print, web based, and other electronic user resources; knowledge of html and other web protocols; ability to plan and implement new programs and services; and strong oral, written communication, and interpersonal skills. preferred: instructional design experience. salary: commen­ surate with education and experience. salary minimum for assistant librarian— $28,000; senior assistant librarian—$32,000. apply to: christine m. travis, library personnel officer, university libraries— ul-112, u n iversity at albany, state u n iversity o f new york, 1400 washington ave., albany, ny 12222. deadline: review of letters of application and resumes will begin december 20, 1997. please include the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three refer­ ences that may be contacted. the university at albany is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. nonprint media services librarian. tenure-track library faculty appointment. available march 1998. responsible for the planning, development, coordination, and daily operations of nonprint media services. required: ala-accredited mls, relevant experi­ ence, excellent communication skills, and strong technical back­ ground in nonprint media hardware and software, computerized library systems, and electronic information sources. second ad­ vanced degree required for tenure. send letter, curriculum vitae, and names and addresses of three references to: eugene t. neely, dean of libraries, adelphi university, garden city, ny 11530. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. original/special materials cataloger. reports to the dean and director of penrose library and supervises the o/smc unit. the unit is one of three (also including copy cataloging and acquisi­ tions) comprising the monographs team, which determines mono­ graphic processing policy and procedures. the o/sm cataloger is responsible for original (descriptive and subject) cataloging of mono­ graphic materials in a variety of languages, subjects, and formats, including music scores, monographs, dissertations, special/nonroutine materials, retroconversion, foreign language, audiovisual, and other nonbook materials; responsible for ensuring that all collections are represented in du’s online catalog; coordinates workflow of all materials cataloged in the unit; works with the serials/binding unit on dissertations processing policy; trains and supervises library assis­ tants assigned to the o/smc unit, and resolves cataloging questions raised by those performing complex copy cataloging, classification, etc.; collection development responsibility as bibliographer for the foreign languages and literatures areas; and participation in profes­ sional and scholarly activities, including library, university, and pro­ fessional committees, research, and publication, and other duties as assigned. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited program; a minimum of three years post-mls cataloging experience which includes original cataloging; excellent communication skills. director university library search extended cleveland stale university invites applications and nominations for the position ot director of the university library. the university seeks a dynamic and innovative leader who will provide vision and direction with regard to all aspects of library operation, including the coordina­ tion ot traditional library materials and services with the expansion of newinformation technology resources. the director will report to the p rovost th rough the vice p rovost tor inform ation technology and academic innovation. minimum qualifications include an m.l.s. degree from an ala accred­ ited program; successful administrative experience in an academic or research library; and sound knowledge of all aspects ot academic library operations, including collection development and management and security, automated systems and services, bibliographic control and management, resource sharing, academic budgeting, tundraising, and grantsmanship. preferred qualifications include an advanced degree in an academic or professional discipline and substantial experience in the implemen­ tation of new electronic technologies in support of library services, including electronic reserves, cd-rom, internet resources, ohiolink, and similar consortia. t h e csu l ib ra ry is h o u se d in a s in g le , c e n tra lly lo c a te d facility. its collections contain over 600,000 volumes, with an acquisi­ tion philosophy based on “access to information'’. cleveland state university is a large, public comprehensive urban university serving cleveland and the northeast ohio region and enrolling approximately 16,000 students in six academic colleges and a graduate college. cleveland is home to a rich array of public and academ ic library resources. the cleveland metropolitan area approximates 2 million people and features a th rivin g business com m unity, in cluding 21 fo rtu ne 500 c o rp o ra tio n s , a gro w in g "high te ch " m a nu factu rin g sector, and a strong intrastructure in support of regional economic developm ent. the g re a te r clevela nd area offers an o utstanding quality of life, combining the cultural and other amenities of a large city with a wide choice of attractive communities in which to live. applicants are encouraged to submit a current resume, a statement of interest and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of five ref­ erences to: chair, l ib ra ry search c o m m ittee, o ffice o f the p ro vo st and s e n io r v ice p resident, c leveland s tate u niversity, e. 24th & e uclid ave., cleveland, oh 44115. the search advisory committee will begin screening completed applications on november 1 5 ,1997;the position will remain open until it has been filled. salary is competitive. cleveland state university is an a a /e 0 e committed to nondiscrimina­ tion. m/f/d/v encouraged. http://library.uair.edu mailto:mejames@ualr.edu 746 / c&rl news preferred: cataloging experience in an academic library. music cataloging experience. experience with authority control, knowledge of a foreign language, knowledge of innovative interfaces inc. systems, supervisory experience, and skill in working in a team environment. salary: $30,000-$35,000. benefits: tiaa/cref pen­ sion plan; medical, vision, and dental plans available; tuition ben­ efits; 24 vacation days per year. status: faculty status, non-tenure track appointment. deadline: applications postmarked by december 15,1997, will receive greatest consideration. the position will remain open until filled. to apply: please submit a letter of application, referring to position #914, addressing your ability to meet the above qualifications, and a current resume, including the names, ad­ dresses, phone numbers, and e-mail addresses of three current references, to: toni miller, office of the dean, penrose library, u n iversity of denver, 2150 e. evans ave., denver, co 80208-2007. the university of denver is committed to enhancing the diversity of its faculty and staff and encourages applications particularly from women, minorities, people with disabilities, and veterans. principal catalog librarian. the principal cataloger will coordinate original and copy cataloging efforts for the appalachian state university library, including: supervision and training of four copy catalogers and one government documents assistant; coordi­ nation of authority control and bibliographic maintenance; and plan­ ning special projects and bibliographic database enhancements in a university consortium environment. the principal cataloger will participate in original cataloging in all formats, such as monographs, serials, nonprint materials, and kits, for the instructional materials center, and will train and coordinate the other faculty in the catalog unit. the cataloging function is part of the materials processing team, which also includes serials, acquisitions, and material prepa­ ration functions. library faculty are expected to take leadership roles within the library and university and to participate in professional service and scholarship. the principal cataloger serves on the information organization team and on the wncln network biblio­ graphic committee, and may serve on other teams as well. require­ ments: minimum of five years professional experience as a cataloger in an academic library, including professional experience with origi­ nal cataloging. ability to manage change and work in a team environment. working knowledge of: marc formats and aacr2; library of congress and dewey decimal classification schemes; automated bibliographic control systems; and online library systems. commitment to enhancing the online public access catalog through new and imaginative ways of providing information and to staying abreast of current trends in technical services. master’s degree from ala-accredited school. must have excellent written and oral commu­ nication skills and strong service orientation. commitment to profes­ sional service and scholarship. preferred: experience in supervising and coordinating cataloging staff members, second advanced de­ gree strongly preferred; experience or training in working in a multicultural environment; and experience in working with the inno­ vative interfaces system. appalachian state university is located in western north carolina, in the historic college town of boone, nestled in the beautiful blue ridge mountains. appalachian has a student enrollment of 12,100 students and offers undergraduate and gradu­ ate degrees in more than 190 majors. it is a part of the university of north carolina system. library holdings include more than 713,000 books and bound periodicals, about 6,000 current periodical, news­ paper, and serial titles, and almost 1.4 million microforms. appala­ chian is a member of solinet and the western north carolina library network, a consortium of three state universities sharing an innovative interfaces inc. system, document delivery by van, and an uncover gateway. the position is tenure-track and is available march 1 ‚ 1998. for appointment at the rank of assistant professor or higher, a second advanced degree is required. salary and rank are commensurate with qualifications. send letter of application, curricu­ lum vitae, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: mary reichel, university librarian, belk library, appalachian state university, boone, nc 28608. completed appli­ cations must be received by january 12, 1998. appalachian is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer, and is committed to hiring women and minorities. reference librarian and user education coordina­ tor. washington state university, owen science and engineering library. position available: currently vacant. under the direction of head, science libraries, is responsible for coordination of library user education in owen science and engineering library, with additional responsibilities in reference, database searching, collec­ tion development, liaison to departments, participation on library committees, and other duties as assigned. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls or its foreign equivalent. recent experience in a science/engineering/medical library and/or subject background. effective interpersonal relations and communication skills. preferred: recent experience in user education; knowledge of dialog and stn database searching: use of electronic resources. salary. from $26,000, commensurate with qualifications and experience. rank: librarian 2; faculty status. other benefits: tiaa/cref; broad insurance program; 22 days vacation, 12 days sick leave/year. application: send letter of application, resume, and names and complete mailing addresses of three references to: donna l. mccool, associate director for admin­ istrative services, library administrative office, w ashington state university, p.o, box 645610, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application review begins december 12, 1997. wsu libraries’ homepage ad­ dress: http://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu. wsu is an eeo employer. pro­ tected group members are encouraged to apply. reference/library instruction librarian. lydia olson library at northern michigan university seeks applicants for a refer­ ence/library instruction librarian. this librarian gives direct assis­ tance to users seeking information, instructs patrons in the use of library resources, and helps facilitate access to information in a variety of formats. this librarian also coordinates and provides leadership for the library orientation and instruction program. qualifi­ cations: mls from an ala-accredited library school; minimum two years experience in reference and library instruction in an academic library; demonstrated teaching ability; an appreciation for and demon­ strated commitment to library and information instruction; a second advanced degree, master’s level or higher, is preferred. salary is competitive and commensurate with experience, tenure-track. send letter of application with resume, copies of transcripts, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: search committee, olson library, northern m ichigan university, 1401 presque isle ave., marquette, ml 49855. applicant review begins january 19, 1998, and continues until position is filled. northern michigan university does not discriminate on the basis of race, color, national origin, gender, disability, or age in its programs or activities. persons having civil rights inquiries may contact the affirmative action office at (906) 227-2420. persons having inquiries regarding the americans with disabilities act (ada) may contact the ada coordinator at (906) 227-2970. technical reference librarian. be a part of an empowered professional team in university’s main library. provide reference services, including presentations, orientations, instruction, tours, print and nonprint selection and development, literature searching and analysis, reference interrogation, service promotion, faculty and department information needs assessment, monitoring professional trends. act as liaison with computer science and electrical engineer­ ing departments. mls, reference service experience, excellent com­ munications, interpersonal, and computer skills all required (dos, windows, windows95, ms word, ms access). must be profession­ ally current, with extensive internet and web searching experience. preferred: undergraduate and/or second master’s degree in com­ puter science or electrical engineering, science and technology library experience, html and web authoring skills. send resume to: personnel box tr-l, new jersey institute of technology, univer­ sity heights, newark, nj 07102-1982. eoe. technical services and automation librarian. lorain county community college invites applications for the following 12 month professional position: technical services and automation librarian. provides leadership for planning, developing, and main­ taining new technological applications in the library in support of the teaching/learning mission of the college and manages all facets of technical services (acquisitions, cataloging, and serials control). administers the library’s online integrated system (innovative inter­ faces), ohiolink and other online and cd-rom databases available through the library’s lan; updates and enhances the library’s homepage on the www; provides original cataloging copy for library materials as needed; maintains standards for the input of biblio­ graphic data into the library’s automated catalog; supervises techni­ cal sen/ices and automation staff; coordinates library staff training on automated systems; builds collaborative partnerships with computer services staff; examines, tests, and recommends new automated products and services for the library; and assists in the development of off-campus electronic access to library resources. minimum re­ quirements include an mls from an ala-accredited library program; three years project management experience implementing/support­ ing integrated library automation systems (ideally, innovative inter­ faces); two years technical services experience, including original cataloging of monographs and/or serials using oclc. must have a working knowledge of information standards (z39.50, marc, html), cd-rom technology, telecommunications, windows operating syshttp://www.wsulibs.wsu.edu november 1997/747 terns, and network applications. excellent oral and written communi­ cation skills essential as this individual will serve as a bridge between technical and nontechnical staff. personnel supervisory experience preferred. the salary range for the technical services and automa­ tion librarian is $37,697 to $44,765 and is enhanced by an excellent fringe benefits package. applicants should submit a letter of interest, a comprehensive résumé and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three work-related references. additional documentation will be required after receipt of the initial materials. official transcripts are required prior to employment. forward all materials to: errol m. browne, director of human resources, lorain county community college, 1005 abbe rd. north, elyria, oh 44035. the screening process will begin immediately and will continue until the position is filled an affirmative action, equal opportunity. late job listings automated systems librarian. university of w isconsin-eau claire. r e­ sponsible for planning, implementing, and operating the library’s automated system, lan and desktop environments, and web based services; assessing and evaluating library computing needs; supervising hardware selection and installation; assisting in developing grant proposals for innovative technology applications; participating with ic ss team in planning and distributing library databases and curricular specific software. library will m igrate from keynotis to a client/server based automated system within two years. system s l ibrarian will participate in evaluation of uw systemwide automation vendor proposals. library automation initiatives include strong em phasis on the web for campus and distance learning; m ultiple library lan applications; campuswide access to government electronic databases. reports to d irector of libraries; supervises two. requirem ents: mls/ala or m aster’s degree related to library automation; minimum of two years library automated systems experience; experience with marc and oclc (or other national database); demon­ strated commitment to responsive service; proficiency in multiplatform computing and networking. considered assets: awareness of library information access issues and trends; ability to work cooperatively; effective analytical and organizational skills; strong oral and w ritten communication skills; demonstrated knowledge of nt, unix, sql, distributed system s and relational databases, tcp/ip networking, lans, cd roms, sgml/html, file servers, print servers, dos, windows, windows95, mac, and novell. university of w isconsin-eau claire spans the banks of the chippewa river in west central wisconsin’s largest city, 90 m inutes east of minneapolis. uw ec enrolls 10,500 students in undergraduate and graduate programs in the colleges of arts and sciences, business, and professional studies. m cintyre library, with the largest circulation of the nondoctoral uw system libraries, is open 24 hours a day throughout the sem ester. uw ec supports campuswide fiber optics, intrabuilding wiring, an innovative technology-training program, an 11-to -l student/computer ratio, and a recently expanded library facility with ethernet connectivity. additional information about the campus and library may be found a t http://www.uwec.edu. this is a 12-month tenure-track faculty appointment. review of candidates begins november 15, 1997, and continues until filled. available ja n u a ry 1 5 ,1 9 9 8 , or as soon th ereafter as possible. the search and screen committee reserves the right to conduct telephone interviews with selected candidates. f in a lists will be required to send official transcripts. a full vacancy announcement may be obtained by contacting phyllis hambleton a t address listed below. send le tter of application or nomination, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: phyllis hambleton, a dm inistra­ tive a ssistant, w illiam d. m cintyre library, university of wisconsin-eau claire, e au claire, w i 54702-5010. an aa/eo employer. director of the duggan library. hanover college invites applications and nominations for the position of director of the duggan library. hanover college, founded in 1827, is a coeducational liberal a rts college affiliated with the presbyterian church, and is situated on a 650-acre campus overlooking the ohio river. 95 percent of the 1,100 students reside in college housing. hanover enjoys a student/faculty ratio of approxim ately 11 to 1, h as selective admission standards, and offers a curriculum solidly grounded in liberal arts w ith an em phasis on critical thinking and research skills. the d irector of th e l ibrary reports to th e vice p resid ent and d ean of academic affairs, and is the ch ief ad m inistrator responsible for planning and directing all phases of library operation. the director will assum e a strategic role for planning, and http://www.uwec.edu 74 8 /c&rl news in teg ratin g the library program and technology with the curriculum and in fo rm atio n serv ices. t h e college is ag gressiv ely seekin g a can d id ate w ith d em on strated lead ersh ip and m an ag em en t exp erien ce, along w ith d em on strated a b ility to work in a cooperative atm osp h ere w ith stu d en ts, facu lty , a d m in istra to rs, and consor­ tium m em bers. t h e d irector is one o f five professional lib ra ria n s w ith n o n ten u rab le facu lty s ta tu s , w ith both s t a ff and stu d en t support. t h e su ccessfu l can d id ate will possess a m a ster's degree (or h ig h er) from an a la -accred ited program . evid ence of s u b s ta n tia l sch o larly ach iev em en t in one of th e tr a d itio n a l d iscip lin es of th e lib e ra l a r ts is h ighly d esira b le. t ra in in g and exp erien ce should include com pre­ h en sive know ledge of lib ra ry au tom ation ; advanced in fo rm atio n tech n ologies; program developm ent, s t a ff su p ervision, along w ith a v ision for th e future of libraries. a competitive salary and comprehensive benefits package is included. for m ore in fo rm a tio n , p le a s e v is it th e d u g gan l ib r a r y ’s w eb s it e a t http:// www.hanover.edu/library. p lease send a le tte r of application, vita, and th ree le tters of recom m endation to: jo h n ahrens, c hair, l ibrary d irector sea rch com m ittee, c/o c hristin e wilcox, hanover college, p.o. box 108, hanover, in 4 7 2 4 3 -0 1 0 8 ; phone: (812) 8 6 6 -7290. review of applications begins im m ediately, and continues u ntil the position is filled. hanover college is an equal opportunity employer. assistant/associate/full librarian electronic resources coordinator. arizona s ta te u niversity l ibraries. g eneral sum m ary: this is a full-tim e continuing appointm ent-track (academic professional) position requiring professional development and service. the position serves as a m em ber of the collection development team which reports directly to the dean of the l ibraries. u ses excellen t interpersonal sk ills working in a collaborative, team environment. shows flexibility in carrying out assignm ents in response to changing circum stances. e s sen tia l functions: the person in th is position is responsible for coordinating and overseeing the budget, selection and dissem ination of electronic library resources for the u niversity l ib raries. p a rticip a tes in professional development and service activities. this position is responsible for advancing the l ib ra ries’ strategic plan in th e area of electronic inform ation. contributes to team governance and operations. q ualifications: required: a m erican l ibrary association accredited m aster of l i­ brary/information science degree. a minimum of five years post-m ls experience in an academ ic research library. experience, accessing^. ordering or im plem enting electro n ic hhrary^technoįogfes~ ıhlĭ~ (custom er^eıyice ‘environment. d em onstrated an alytical and organizational skills. d em onstrated understanding of lib rary system s hardw are and software th a t are used to support electronic resources. e xcellen t com m unication skills. r an k dependent upon quality and level of professional prepa­ ration and experience. preferred: successful experience negotiating library licenses associated w ith electronic technologies. experience in collection development in an academ ic or research library. experience in reference or bibliographic in stru ction in an academ ic or research library. e xperience in analysis of lib rary collection and needs. m inim um salary: $ 3 5 ,0 0 0 . application deadline: monday, d ecem ber 2 9 ,1 9 9 7 . application procedure: send le tter, resum é, and nam es, addresses, and phone num bers of four recen t professional references to: k u rt r. murphy, a ssistan t dean for personnel, u niversity l ib raries; arizona state university; box 8 7 1 0 0 6 ; tempe, az 8 5 2 8 7 -1 0 0 6 . f or more inform ation: e-m ail karie@ asuvm .inre.asu.ed u; phone: (602) 9 6 5 -4 9 1 4 ; fax (602) 9 6 5 -9169. fu ll position description is available upon request. a su is an eo/aa employer and actively seeks diversity among applicants and promotes a diverse work force. ! recruit the best... . . . advertise your job openings __________ in c&rl news__________ http://www.hanover.edu/library mailto:karie@asuvm.inre.asu.edu structure bookmarks november 1997/729 deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue {e.g., september 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $8.75 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $10.75 for others. late job notices librarian i-iiiinstruction services coordinator amended posting• the healey library at the university of massachusetts boston is looking for a dynamic leader to plan and implement a library instruction program which builds on the library’s current pro­gram, and which promotes library and internet research skills. the person will work with faculty and staff throughout the campus to design and eval­uate programs which address cunent curricular suppoft needs; develop policies and procedures for this program 730/c&rl news william s. cohen collection. this collection, recently donated to the university, consists of more than 1,000 archival boxes containing correspondence, reports, news clippings, and personal memorabilia. responsibilities include: collection organization, preservation, man­agement, and development; creation of finding aids in both paper and digital formats; assisting collection users; outreach; supervision of support staff; participation in fundraising and grant writing. reports to the head of special collect william paterson university is an affirmative action/ \ williamequal opportunity institution jpuantiveerrsositnycelebrating 142 years of academic leadership, william l}atersoıı university is situated on a 300-acre, wooded campus in suburban wayne. n/. 20 miles from new york city. hie university serves 9,000 undergraduate and graduate students and employs 1.000faculty and staff the sarah byrd ; askew library invites applications for the following positionhead of technical servicesreporting to the director of chief librarian. the college of staten island of the city univer­sity of new york invites applications and nominations for the position of chief librarian and chair of the library department. the chief librarian is appointed by the college president and reports to the provost/vice president for academic affairs. he/she is responsible for strengthening the library in the academic life of the college through leadership and administration of the library’s operation. in addition, the chief librarian is expected november1997/731 zational, and written skills. desirable: experience with collection development and computer-assisted reference service. responsibili­ties: supervise the library’s circulation staff, plan for and implement a new automated circulation system; oversee the circulation of regular and reserve materials; formulate and/or revise policies and procedures for circulation; assist in the provision of reference ser­vices and bibliographic instruction. possibly assist with collection development activities in an assigned catalogue librariansthe john carter brown library at brown university is seeking candidates for two temporary cataloguing positions. the library specializes in the collection of printed materials pertaining to the americas, north and south, during the colonial period, 1493 to ca. 1830. these are two-year, grant-funded positions to catalogue colonial spanish american imprints, primarily from mexico and peru. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree; 2-3 years of professional rare book cataloguing experience world wide web site management and html, and archival preser­vation management. effective interpersonal skills as well as excellent oral and written communication skills. ability to work within a strongly participatory departmental environment. must be able to lift 40-pound boxes multiple limes daily. evidence of abilities to meet promotion and tenure requirements. preferred: knowledge of archives and special collections in still and moving image, audio, and digital formats. minimum of two years of relevant 732/c&rl news iowa state universitydean of library servicesiowa state university invites nominations and applications for the position of dean of library services. the dean serves as the chief administrative officer of the university library system and has primary responsibility for collection development and management, library services, budget, planning, and personnel for the library, and management of the library’s information technology.the dean reports directly to the provost and is the official representative and a november1997/733 undergraduate and graduate programs; assessing the collection and developing strategies for attaining the collection levels needed to support curricular offerings; and participating in cooperative collec­tion development activities in a three-institution consortium. collec­tion development librarians work closely with the materials process­ing, reference, and access teams as well as classroom faculty in managing the collection. responsibilities include liaison work with selected departments and possibly som user needs. broad knowledge of the publishing industry. active interest in electronic resources and their impact on library collections. effective written and oral communication skills. preferred: working knowledge of at least one foreign language. experience with approval plans. familiarity with electronic product licensing issues. experi­ence or training in working in a multicultural environment. appala­chian state university is located in western north carolina, in the historic college town of boone, nes film and television librarianucla libraryunderthe general direction of the head of the arts library, has collection development and management responsibilities for the monographic and serial collections in film, television, and video art; works closely with the head of the arts library and other arts librarians to develop nonbook special collections in film, television, animation, and video art; participates in the development of the arts library’s electronic resources and web pages; participates in schedul 734 / c&rl neu‹s dean of university libraries(search reopened: previous candidates may reapply)st. john’s university, new york, invites applications and nominations for the position of dean of university libraries. the individual selected for this position will provide the leader­ship and vision necessary to support, expand and advance the university libraries’ goals and objectives in harmony with educational and research programs of the university and the university's mission and strategic plan. a major component of the st november 1991/735 tenure-track and is available march 1, 1998. for appointment at the rank of assistant professor or higher, a second advanced degree is required. salary and rank are commensurate with qualifications. send letter of application, curriculum vitae, and the names, ad­dresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: mary reichel, university librarian, belk library, appalachian state university, boone, nc 28608. completed applications must be received by january 12,1998. appalachian is an affirmative action, director of library and media servicesfashion institute of technology state university of new yorkthe fashion institute of technology seeks an innovative and collaborative leader to serve as director of library and media services. the successful candidate will have a strong service orientation and superior management and interpersonal skills. successful experience in integrating new information technologies into library services is essential.the library serves undergraduates, graduate students, and research sm and service orientation. knowledge of a wide range of electronic/ nternet and print reference resources. knowledge of html and xperience with web page design. ability to carry out assignments ndependently and cooperatively. evidence of potential for earning enure and promotion as a library faculty member. preferred qualifica­ions: experience teaching in a hands-on computer laboratory. expe­ience designing successful web-based instructional modules. su­ervisory experience/potential. additional graduate de five positionsthe university of mississippithe university of mississippi libraries invite applications and nominations for the following position. catalog librarianresponsibilities: reporting to the head of technical services, the catalog librarian is responsible for original and complex adaptive cataloging of monographs and serials in all subjects and languages for general and special collections. works as a member of the cataloging team (two other professionals, three support staff, and numerous student a november1997/737 (continued from previous page)and visitors in using materials from the music library/blues archive. assist with maintenance of collections, including preparation of accession records for blues acquisitions and maintenance of blues subject files. in charge of the music library/blues archive, its staff, and its student assistants in the absence of the librarian/archivist.required qualifications: ala-accredited mls, awarded by december 31 ‚ 1997, with bachelor‘s degree in area relevant to the position. ability 738/c& ri. news director of librariesuniversity of wisconsin-eau clairethe university of wisconsin-eau claire is seeking a dynamic and energetic leader as director of libraries. the candidate must possess innovative leadership skills and a demonstrated record of achievement in moving an academic library forward in supporting the curriculum. candidate records must show management of a program including the development and application of electronicformats, automated library systemsandotherinformation and technology resources november1997/739 lansing, positioned in the center of michigan’s lower peninsula. visit the libraries’ homepage at http://www.lib.cmich.edu. cmu (aa/eo institution) encourages diversity and resolves to provide equal oppor­tunity regardless of race, sex, disability, sexual orientation, or other irrelevant criteria.director of library services. southern arkansas univer­sity. duties: provide leadership for library; develop budgets, policies, priorities, and strategic plans; promote faculty-student relations and direct library technical challenges. participate in formulation of opac policies and decisions, including display issues. act as team leader for cataloging of serials and nontraditional materials, working with staff to plan and execute cataloging/access projects. reports to head, bibliographic control, in the technical sen/ices division. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls or its foreign equivalent at time of hire, knowl­edge of aacr2, lcsh, marc formats, and guidelines under devel­opment for electronic resources 740/ c&rl news schools of business, social work, and criminal justice, and houses approximately 250,000 volumes; the head of the library is in charge of executing the annual operating and strategic plans to provide excellent service to students and faculty in these programs, as well as for some general undergraduate studies. the head is responsible for hiring, training, and evaluating four professional librarians and, indi­rectly, five full-time support staff and approximately 7.0 fte part-time staff; she/he also oversees library’s mission. the successful candidate will have strong collabo­rative and collegial skills, be familiar with strategic planning, and have a strong commitment to excellence in service. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience, from a base of $42,000. librarians have limited faculty status, earn 20 vacation days, and have a standard package of fringe benefits, including university contribu­tions to tiaa/cref. qualified applicants should send a letter of application, resume, and the names, social work librarianjackson state university school of social workthe school of social work at jackson state university is seeking to fill a social work librar­ian position. this position requires a master’s degree in library science from an accredited program of the american library association and at least three years of professional library work experience, with a minimium of oneyear in an institution of higher education. preference is given to substantial libtary work experience in the subject area (so instructional services librarianthe university of northern coloradothe university of northern colorado seeks appli­cants for the position of instructional services librarian and assistant professor of library sci­ence, position number 20639.required: master's degree from an ala-accredited library school; experience in a college, uni­versity, or research library. this is a management-level, term-track position. the position reports to the associate dean for public services and personnel. responsibleforpl innovative as well as traditional reference and research services to faculty and staff at the loop campus and supervises five full-time professionals, several part-time reference librarians, and students. the head takes a leadership role in designing and implementing information services for loop campus library constituencies, works closely with the instruction coordinator to support library instruction, participates in a comprehensive collection development program, and develops active working relationship manding and rapidly changing environment. preferred qualifications include business reference experience; two or more years of supervi­sory experience; experience in an academic library; and a commit­ment to professional development. excellent benefits include free tuition, medical/dental package, four weeks vacation, and tiaa/cref pension plan. salary starts at $41,000, depending on experience and education. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application with resume assistant bibliographic control services librariandartmouth college librarydartmouth college library seeks an experienced catalog librarian to serve as assistant bibliographic control services librarian.responsibilities: reporting to the bibliographic control services librarian, the incumbent man­ages cataloging processes and creates catalog records for a wide variety of materials in many languages, subjects, and formats. designs and implements procedures to integrate remotely accessed and locally maintaine 742/c&rl news two positionsillinois state university milner libraryillinois state university’s milner library seeks two creative, energetic librarians for full-time, 12-month, tenurtrack positions that provide ample opportunities for professional growth. as illinois’ oldest public university, isu strives to offer an outstanding undergraduate education to 17,500 undergrads in 35 disciplines, as well as to serve 2,500 graduate students through diverse master’s and doctoral programs. milner library supports those programs november1997/743 works very closely with the head, collection management. respon­sible for the management of the unit through the general administra­tion, planning, evaluation, and implementation of the unit’s collec­tions, reference services, and technical processing; promotes the unit’s holdings; selects specialized materials in a wide variety of formats; supervises support staff. responsible for cultivating ties throughout the university, community, and the commonwealth. shares responsibilities relating to general refere electronic preservation and access. familiarity with emerging tech­nologies also a plus. of particular importance are an understanding of the principles of text encoding (sgml and tei guidelines); expe­rience in the digitization of archival materials; experience with web page design, construction and maintenance; and knowledge of digital scanning systems and ocr. ability to meet requirements for faculty advancement, including professional service and publication. dem­onstrated experience in digital technolo information literacy librarianoakland university, rochester, michiganthe oakland university library seeks a dynamic individual to initiate information literacy programs that will develop students’ lifelong learning skills. additional assignments will include work in collection development and in other professional areas, based upon the library’s needs and the successful candidate’s qualifica­tions.primary responsibilities: building close working relationships with faculty and students in selected discipline 744/c&rl news academic user services, university library services, virginia com­monwealth university, vcu box 2033, richmond, va 23284-2033. review of applications will begin december 15, 1997. virginia commonwealth university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities, women, and persons with disabilities are encouraged to apply.interlibrary loan/reference librarian. university of arkansas at little rock. the ottenheimer library at the university of arkansas at little rock has an immediate opening dean of librariesjames madison universityjames madison university isseeking leadershipforthe university libraries. located in virginia’s beautiful shenandoah valley, james madison university is a public, comprehensive university offering quality undergraduate education. the university also offers graduate programs at the master’s and doctoral level. james madison university, often cited in the national media as one of the best regional public universities in the country, has been a leader in higher educatio personnel matters, improving procedures for more effective service, and reviewing document delivery services. reference duties include helping to select reference titles, explaining cd-rom services to students, interpreting the dra system to patrons, and providing bibliographic instruction. knowledge of the internet and other online systems necessary. position requires working closely with the class­room faculty and participating on faculty committees and in profes­sional organizations. mls from an ala-accr november1997/745 names of three professional references to: maureen james-barnes, chair, search committee, ottenheimer library/ualr, 2801 south university ave., little rock, ar 72204. university of arkansas at little rock/ottenheimer library: located in the capital city, the university of arkansas at little rock is one of five u-a system campuses. student population is 11,000 as of fall 1997. for more information, visit the library’s web page at http://library.uair.edu, or email the search committee chair at mejames@ualr. graphic processing policy and procedures. the o/sm cataloger is responsible for original (descriptive and subject) cataloging of mono­graphic materials in a variety of languages, subjects, and formats, including music scores, monographs, dissertations, special/nonroutine materials, retroconversion, foreign language, audiovisual, and other nonbook materials; responsible for ensuring that all collections are represented in du’s online catalog; coordinates workflow of all materials cataloged in the unit; works director university library search extendedcleveland stale university invites applications and nominations for the position ot director of the university library. the university seeks a dynamic and innovative leader who will provide vision and direction with regard to all aspects of library operation, including the coordina­tion ot traditional library materials and services with the expansion of newinformation technology resources. the director will report to the provost through the vice provost tor informa 746 / c&rl news preferred: cataloging experience in an academic library. music cataloging experience. experience with authority control, knowledge of a foreign language, knowledge of innovative interfaces inc. systems, supervisory experience, and skill in working in a team environment. salary: $30,000-$35,000. benefits: tiaa/cref pen­sion plan; medical, vision, and dental plans available; tuition ben­efits; 24 vacation days per year. status: faculty status, non-tenure track appointment. deadline: applications postmarked by a science/engineering/medical library and/or subject background. effective interpersonal relations and communication skills. preferred: recent experience in user education; knowledge of dialog and stn database searching: use of electronic resources. salary. from $26,000, commensurate with qualifications and experience. rank: librarian 2; faculty status. other benefits: tiaa/cref; broad insurance program; 22 days vacation, 12 days sick leave/year. application: send letter of application, resume, and names an november 1997/747 terns, and network applications. excellent oral and written communi­cation skills essential as this individual will serve as a bridge between technical and nontechnical staff. personnel supervisory experience preferred. the salary range for the technical services and automa­tion librarian is $37,697 to $44,765 and is enhanced by an excellent fringe benefits package. applicants should submit a letter of interest, a comprehensive résumé and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three work-related references. additional documentation will be required after receipt of the initial materials. official transcripts are required prior to employment. forward all materials to: errol m. browne, director of human resources, lorain county community college, 1005 abbe rd. north, elyria, oh 44035. the screening process will begin immediately and will continue until the position is filled an affirmative action, equal opportunity. late job listingsautomated systems librarian. university of wisconsin-eau claire. re­sponsible for planning, implementing, and operating the library’s automated system, lan and desktop environments, and web based services; assessing and evaluating library computing needs; supervising hardware selection and installation; assisting in developing grant proposals for innovative technology applications; participating with icss team in planning and distributing library databases and curricular specific software. 748/c&rl news integrating the library program and technology with the curriculum and information services. the college is aggressively seeking a candidate with demonstrated leadership and management experience, along with demonstrated ability to work in a cooperative atmosphere with students, faculty, administrators, and consor­tium members. the director is one of five professional librarians with nontenurable faculty status, with both staff and student support. the successful candidate will possess a master's degree (or ... advertise your job openings __________in c&rl news__________ acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries june 1988 / 389 • a n ew path: undergraduate libraries at united states and canadian u niversities, 1949-1987, by roland person (183 pages, april 1988), is a comprehensive description and analysis of the role of undergraduate libraries in the modern university and the goals upon w hich they were founded and continue to operate. person, assistant undergraduate librarian at southern illinois uni­ versity, presents data on why some undergraduate libraries have failed and why others have suc­ ceeded. copies may be ordered for $29.95 from greenwood press, 88 post road west, box 5007, w estport, ct 06881. isbn 0-313-25303-x. • united states government publications cata­ logs, by steven d. zink (312 pages, 2d ed., 1988), contains more than 370 catalogs, bibliographies, and publications lists th at may prove useful in lo­ cating documents produced by federal governmen­ tal agencies. new to this edition are a title index, an expanded subject index, and lengthier annotations. the emphasis is on currently available catalogs or serials; consequently no date is given indicating when particular items were first published. the cost is $20, from the special libraries association, 1700 e ig h teen th s t., n .w ., w ashington, dc 20009. isbn 0-87111-335-x. • yearbook o f american universities and col­ leges: academic year 1986-1987, edited by george thomas kurian (653 pages. may 1988), reviews the major topics in higher education for the past year. of major interest are the essay on “histori­ cally black colleges” by reginald wilson, a statis­ tical section, and case summaries of m ajor court decisions affecting colleges and universities in 1986. the cost is $60. contact g arland publishing, 136 madison ave., new york, ny 10016. isbn 0­ 8240-7942-6. ■ ■ the classifieds ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). if the second falls on a weekend, the deadline is the following mon­ day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis af­ ter the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1;00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising d e p ’t, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st.. chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. positions open acquisitions librarian to manage the activities of an eight person, automated (innovacq) department responsible for order­ ing, receiving, binding and mending monographs and serials. the library has a materials budget of 1.5 million, acquires 12,000 + mon­ ographs per year through firm orders and approval plans and sub­ scribes to 5,200 periodicals. acquisitions librarian reports to the head of collection development. required: ala-accredited mls, experience supervising staff and managing projects, excellent com­ munication and bibliographic skills and experience in or familiarity with acquisitions and binding processes. minimum salary is $24,000 for a 12 month appointment. fringe benefits include 20 working days annual leave, tuition waiver, tiaa/cref, life and fully paid fam­ ily health insurance. applications received by june 22,1988, will re­ ceive first consideration. to apply send letter of application, resume, and names of at least 3 references to; joyce rumery, chair, acquisi­ tions librarian search committee, raymond h. fogler library, uni­ versity of maine, orono, me 04469. the university of maine is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. archivist. yale university. beinecke rare book and manuscript library. five year term appointment. processes manuscript hold­ ings from the beinecke’s five collections. qualifications; mls degree from an ala-accredited library school and/or m.a., preferably in the humanities. formal training in archival theory and practice. strong knowledge of literature and history; broad general knowledge in the humanities. one to two years experience processing literary and his­ torical manuscript materials. familiarity with aacr2, lc and local authority control, and automated bibliographic and management in­ formation systems. excellent reading knowledge of western euro­ pean languages; italian. spanish, and/or latin preferred. demon­ strated ab ility to w ork effectively with others. fam iliarity with rlin/amc and marc formats for archives and manuscripts desir­ able. application deadline: june 30, 1988. salary commensurate with experience; $23,500 minimum. please send letter of applica­ tion, resume, and the names of three references to; maureen sul­ livan, head, library personnel. yale university library, box 1603a yale station, new haven, ct 06520. an eeo/aa employer. art and design departmental librarian, southwest missouri state university. 12 month position begins september. sal­ ary dependant upon degrees and experience. preferred qualifica­ tions; mls and ma in art history and experience working with visual materials or mls and ba in art history/mfa/bfa in studio and expe­ rience working with visual materials. responsibilities include; all du­ ties necessary for operation of slide library (including supervision of student workers); library collection development (books and periodi­ cals); possible adjunct appointment with department of library sci­ ence. salary range; $22,000-$26,000. further information available upon request. include detailed letter of application, resume, official transcripts, 3 reference letters. screening begins june 19, 1988, continuing until position filled. slide library search committee, de­ partment of art & design, southwest missouri state university, springfield, mo 65804-0089. aa/eoe. assistant cataloging librarian, south dakota state uni­ versity. open august 1.1988. faculty position reporting to the head of cataloging with particular responsibility for cataloging special col390 / c &rl news lections on oclc and related duties in completing online catalog database. initially annual term appointment for up to three years with possible reassignment at project end. will also assist in regular cata­ loging department activities and the revision of work performed by paraprofessionals and students. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, effective interpersonal relationship skills, working knowledge of oclc, aacr2, dewey and lc classifications; demonstrated abil­ ity to communicate effectively. desired qualifications: two years ex­ perience in general cataloging or specialized cataloging of non-print materials and knowledge of a modern foreign language. salary range $18,500-$20,000 depending on qualifications. twelve month term appointments with standard benefits. application deadline is june 30,1988, or until suitable applicant is hired. send letter of appli­ cation, resume and have transcripts and three recent letters of rec­ ommendation (which describe applicant’s job-related qualifications) sent to: b.j. kim, h.m. briggs library, box 2115, south dakota state university, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. assistant dean for public services, montana state uni­ versity libraries. tenure track, fy position at rank of assistant or as­ sociate professor. starts 9/1/88. coordinates public service depart­ ments, including reference, circulation, government documents, special collections/archives, and creative arts branch library; par­ ticipates in planning and implementation of policies of university li­ braries; provides leadership for 12 librarians and 25 support staff. required: master’s degree from ala-accredited program and sub­ ject master’s or doctorate. minimum five years successful and pro­ gressively responsible library experience in public services, includ­ ing supervision of professional librarians and adm inistration. demonstrated excellence in administrative, interpersonal and com­ munication skills. preferred: experience in an academic library. must be willing to undertake research, publication and university profes­ sional service required for faculty rank and tenure. salary $38,000. 21 days vacation; tiaa/cref or state retirement plan; deferred compensation packages; life, health and dental insurance; univer­ sity wellness program. send letter of application addressing above qualifications plus complete vita, and names, addresses and phone numbers of five recent professional references to: assistant dean’s search committee, dean’s office, msu libraries, montana state university, bozeman, mt 59717-0022; (406) 994-3119. screening will begin july 8,1988, and continue until suitable candidate is hired. msu is an aa/eo employer. assistant director for public services. dynamic, ur ban academic library seeks creative, energetic, flexible individual with strong commitment to public services, to manage general li­ brary public services division. directs eight librarians who manage access services, conservatory of music library, government docu­ ments/microforms, reference; and two branches, instructional ma­ terials center (education school) and truman campus library (in­ dependence, mo). programs include bibliographic instruction, fee-based community information program, online literature searching, interlibrary loan, and photocopy services. public ser­ vices librarians report to assistant director for collection develop­ ment for collection development and faculty liaison responsibilities, and to the assistant director for public services for all other activities. assistant director for public services responsibilities also include planning and initiating efficient use of the division’s resources, devel­ oping and promoting public services, participating in library-wide automation, planning, and decision-making. may be assigned col­ lection, faculty liaison responsibilities. reports to associate director and serves on libraries directors group. library automation in­ cludes wide pc access, wln-based online catalog/circulation (lumin) linking four u of mo campuses, oclc cataloging/ill/relibrary systems analyst university of southern california the university of southern california libraries is seeking a library systems analyst. reports to head of bibliographic information services. assists with technical management of library’s integrated automated system (geac), and user support. geac includes acquisitions, circulation, marc records management and public online catalog modules. responsibilities include software support and analysis, preparation of program specifications, preparation and maintenance of system, procedural documentation, end user training, and support. qualifications and experience required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge and experience in systems analysis, computer hardware and software technologies, and the ability to work with the marc format and its applications to automation. must have excellent oral and written communication skills. rank and salary negotiable depending on experience and qualifications. minimum salary: librarian i, $27,606, plus benefits. position open july 1 ‚ 1988, and will remain open until filled. apply to: carolyn j. henderson director of personnel and organizational development doheny memorial library university of southern california university park los angeles, ca 90089-0182 applicants should submit letter of application, resume, and names and phone numbers of at least three references. please refer to library systems analyst, position #120-crl on correspondence. aa/eoe june 1988 / 391 ference, innovacq acquisitions. minimum requirements: ala accredited mls; 5 years progressively responsible library experi­ ence; strong oral/written communication skills; progressive attitude toward information services; commitment to team management; ability to work with faculty, staff, administrators; evidence of profes­ sional initiative, planning, motivating, leading. preferred: subject masters; current public services, collection development, online cat­ alog, online searching experience; staff, community development experience; successful supervision of professionals; grantsman­ ship. salary: $32,000-$33,000. standard fringe benefits. low cost of living in exciting city. application review to begin june 15, 1988, and to continue until position filled. available: june 1, 1988. send letter of application, resume, names of three references to: helen h. spalding, associate director of libraries, university of missouri kansas city, 5100 rockhill road, kansas city, mo 64110; (816) 276-1531. must be u.s. citizen or have legal right to work in united states. an equal opportunity institution. assistant education and social science librarian (social science specialist), university of illinois library at urbana champaign. position provides reference service, bibliographic in­ struction, and database searching in the social sciences. responsi­ ble for co lle ctio n d e ve lo p m e n t/m a n a g e m e n t and aca dem ic department liaison in assigned staff areas. works closely with faculty to establish collection priorities. performs original cataloging and participates in other activities as assigned. responsible to education and social science librarian. required qualifications: a master's de­ gree in library science from ala-accredited school or its equivalent. degree or significant academic coursework in at least one of the li­ brary’s subject areas: anthropology, political science, psychology, sociology, social work, speech and hearing science, and education. professional library experience in one of these fields may be substi­ tuted. knowledge of the goals and activities of a research-oriented university and the ability to work effectively with its clientele; evi­ dence of research orientation and potential to engage in scholarly research. preferred: professional experience in an academic or re­ search library. preference will be given to individuals whose subject backgrounds complement those of current library staff. desired: ex­ perience in reference services, collection development, cataloging, and computer-based bibliographic searching. reading knowledge of one or more modern western european languages. appointment at assistant professor level; salary $20,000 upwards. send letter of application describing preparation in the above disciplines, as well as relevant library experience, and complete resume with names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four references to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, library personnel office, 127 li­ brary, university of illinois library at urbana-champaign, 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il 61801; (217) 333-8169. application/ nomination deadline: june 30, 1988. aa/eeo employer. associate preservation librarian, university of michi­ gan. responsible for the management of the brittle book replace­ ment office which includes procedures for grant-based projects and for the planning, implementation, and supervision of ongoing im­ provements in the brittle books program. in addition, the associate preservation librarian is responsible for monitoring workflow, hiring and evaluating full-time staff, preparing unit plans and monthly re­ ports, assessing budget and staffing needs, and managing materials funds for reprints and commercial microforms. will also be responsi­ ble for preservation staff and user education program, for disaster planning and training in disaster recovery techniques and for advis­ ing selectors on replacement decisions. assists the head, preserva­ tion office, in writing reports and grant proposals and will manage the funds for preservation supplies and equipment. required: mls. dean of library services university of new orleans the university of new orleans invites applications and nominations for the position of dean of library services. uno, a comprehensive urban university which is part of the louisiana state university system, has a faculty of over 500 and an enrollment of more than 16,000 students. uno offers a bachelor’s degree in 60 fields of study, the master’s in 55, and doctorate in chemistry, education, political science, psychology and financial economics. the library has a collection of over 1.5 million volumes housed in a spacious, attractive facility. it employs 24 professional librarians with faculty rank and 34 support personnel. the university of new orleans is seeking a dynamic person with proven leadership ability who will accept the challenge to shape the future of a major university library. applicants should demonstrate a service orientation, strong interpersonal skills, the ability to stimulate and develop professional and support staff and to mobilize the interest and support of the larger community on behalf of the library. the dean reports to the vice chancellor for academic affairs, serves as a member of the council of academic deans, and represents the library to the university administration and the community. qualifications: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited institution is required, and a doctorate in an academic discipline or library science is desirable. the candidate should provide evidence of substantial and successful administrative experience in an academic/research library, including plan­ ning, budgeting, and personnel management. experience with information technologies and automated library systems is essential, as well as a demonstrated ability to obtain grants and other outside support. this is a twelve-month position; the salary is competitive and negotiable, minimum $55,000. record of academic achievement should qualify individual for rank of librarian (professor). applicants should submit curriculum vitae and at least three letters of reference by august 1, 1988. please send all correspondence to: lynn m. accardo, chair library dean search committee office of academic affairs university of new orleans new orleans, la 70148 the committee encourages nominations and applications of women, minorities, and handicapped per­ sons. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 392 / c&rl news minimum of 2 years relevant experience in a large academic or re­ search library. successful supervisory experience including training and budget responsibilities; broad knowledge of preservation based on work experience, equivalent coursework, or related training; abil­ ity to plan and implement projects and to work independently; strong oral and written communication skills, demonstrated ability to work effectively with staff at all levels, representatives of other institutions, and the public. desired: reading knowledge of at least two western european languages; familiarity with rlin or oclc database. mini­ mum salary of $23,000 dependent on previous relevant experience. applications received by july 15, 1988, will be given first consider­ ation. apply to: lucy cohen, manager, library personnel office, 404 hatcher graduate library, the university of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109-1205. a nondiscriminatory, affirmative action em­ ployer. business subject specialist. search reopened. this posi­ tion supports a rapidly growing undergraduate and mba program at a large suburban university. responsibilities: bibliographic instruc­ tion, collection development, database searching and general refer­ ence. qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree in library and/or information science; business degree or professional busi­ ness experience desirable. professional reference and database searching experience preferred; instructional skills essential. tenure track position with faculty rank, 12-month contract, excellent fringe benefit package. salary to $25,000 depending upon qualifications and experience. applications will be accepted until position is filled. starting date negotiable; august 8, 1988, or earlier preferred. send resume and names of at least three references to: angelo wallace, chairperson of search committee, carlson library, the university of toledo, toledo, oh 43606. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer, curator manuscripts & archives applications are invited for the position of li­ brarian v/specialist v (curator) in the rare books and manuscripts division/manuscripts and archives section of the research libraries. working under the general direction of the assistant d irector for rare books & m anu­ scripts, the selected individual will supervise the day-to-day operation of the manuscripts and archives section, including assisting in the se­ lection, assignment and training of staff; evalu­ ating procedures and organizational patterns; and recommending new procedures and staff­ ing patterns as appropriate. qualifications: mls and/or master’s degree in the humanities, and formal archival training. substantial experience in the administration of a manuscripts and archives program in a large repository, including dem onstrated ability to survey and appraise archival holdings, prepare finding aids and assist readers in using such holdings. proven administrative and supervi­ sory abilities. experience in acquiring manu­ scripts and archival collections. experience with the amc format and with library applica­ tions of microcomputers preferred. minimum salary: $32,560 per year. closing date: july 15,1988. preliminary interviews can be conducted at the american library associa­ tion conference in new orleans in july; or you may send a letter of application and resume to: francine feuerman human resources department the new york public library 8 west 40th street new york, ny 10018 candidates selected for consideration will be contacted for an interview. an equal o pportu­ nity employer m/f. the new york public library where your future is an open book librarian ix assistant director cataloging division the new york public library seeks an indi­ vidual with substantial experience in cataloging and classification of library materials. the selected candidate will be responsible for the overall administration of the cataloging division of the research libraries, which in­ cludes original and copy cataloging of m ono­ graphs and serials and com prises a staff of more than 50. this individual will also partici­ pate in formulating policy in the area of catalog­ ing and bibliographic control. qualified applicants will have an accredited master of library science and a high degree of expertise in technical processing of research li­ brary materials, including those in foreign lan­ guages. must have considerable management experience and demonstrated planning, orga­ nization and communication skills. should have record of continuing involvem ent in profes­ sional activities. minimum salary $38,740, with excellent ben­ efits including 4 weeks vacation. closing date: july 31, 1988. preliminary interviews can be conducted at the american library association conference in new orleans in july, or you may send your resume and covering letter with sal­ ary requirements to: patricia dobbins employment and placement administrator the new york public library 8 west 40th street new york, ny 10018 candidates selected for consideration will be contacted for an interview. an equal o pportu­ nity employer, m/f. the new york public library where your future is an open book june 1988 / 393 cataloger, law school library. this position is primarily responsible for original and copy cataloging of monographs and se­ rials for the anglo-american and east asian collections in the law school library. materials are in english, chinese and japanese. the incumbent will also supervise two support-staff copy catalogers working in english, chinese and japanese. in addition to an accred­ ited mls, requirements are: working knowledge of either chinese or japanese; aptitude for analytical and detail work; and working knowledge of automated cataloging systems as demonstrated through previous experience and/or superior performance in formal courses in cataloging and automation. salary ranges (which will in­ crease 7/1/88) are currently: librarian i: $23,000-$29,900; librarian ii: $25,000-$33,750. excellent benefits include assistance with uni­ versity housing and tuition exemption for self and family. submit re­ sume listing three references to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is june 30, 1988. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cataloger. responsible for original and complex copy catalog­ ing of monographs on oclc according to aacr2; descriptive and subject cataloging using lc classification and subject headings; and appropriate authority work. will also be involved in implementing a new installation of notis as part of the cuny + plus online inte­ grated library system. ala-accredited mls for appointment in the rank of instructor; an additional subject master’s degree for appoint­ ment in the rank of assistant professor required. two years recent cataloging experience in an academic library preferred. this is a substitute one year appointment, with possibility of conversion to a regular appointment. salary from $24,000 for instructor; $25,000 for assistant professor (may be flexible depending on qualifications); 35 hour work week; four weeks vacation; superior fringe benefits. send resume, letter of application, and names of three professional refer­ ences to: chief librarian, baruch college/cuny, 17 lexington av­ enue, box 317, new york, ny 10010. aa/eoe. four positions auburn university science & technology department head. along with four librarians and support personnel, provides reference, collection development, bibliographic instruction, and online services. the head has administrative responsibility for the department and assists the assistant university librarian for reference and information services and six other department heads in coordinating collections and services. broad experience in science librarianship required. proven scholarly record, professional activity at national level, background in science, technical literature, and engineering; second master’s or doctorate highly desir­ able. $30,000-$38,000 or higher and appointment as librarian iii (associate professor). science & technology reference librarian. provides collection development, reference, and bibliographic instruction services with three other librarians under direction of science & technology department head. reference experience, science background, and evidence of scholarly activity desir­ able. $21,000-$28,000 or higher, appointment as librarian ii (assistant professor) or librarian iii (associ­ ate professor). searches reopened: head, veterinary medicine library. responsible for campus branch (27,000 volumes) report­ ing to assistant university librarian for reference and information services. responsible for reference and information, training and supervision (2 full-time staff), online searching, collection development, biblio­ graphic instruction and coordination with other departments. publications, professional activity, and back­ ground in biological sciences desirable. salary $25,000-$30,000, or higher, depending upon qualifica­ tions and experience. serials cataloger. reports to serials department head, does original and copy cataloging of seri­ als, series and volumes of monographic series with two other catalogers; supervises one support staff member handling materials with dlc copy; does limited name authority work. library uses aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, oclc and notis. experience and demonstrated analytical or super­ visory and training skills, ability to interact effectively with academic community, ability to work unsuper­ vised, excellent communications skills, knowledge of one or more modern european languages preferred. salary range $21,000-$25,000, or higher, depending upon qualifications and experience. apply to: thomas r. sanders, chair, serials cataloger search committee, ralph brown draughon library, auburn university library, auburn university, al 36849-5606. general information relating to positions: auburn is a land-grant university, 19,500 enrollment and collection of 1,500,000 volumes. staff is complet­ ing major automation project (notis) and is in final stage of planning for 200,000 square foot building addition. ala-accredited mls and strong academic and communication skills required. appointments for 12 months, faculty status but not professorial titles, eligibility for tenure, participation in state teachers’ retire­ ment (mandatory), tiaa/cref (optional); health, life insurance, and disability benefits; sick leave, 20 days vacation. applications should include resume, transcripts, and three reference letters specific to positions. apply to: robert c. gibbs, ralph brown draughon library, auburn university, al 36849-5606 (ex cept for serials cataloger). auburn university is an equal opportunity employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. 394 / c &rl news education librarian. the wichita state university library is seeking a librarian who will act as subject specialist for the college of education. this librarian will assist users directly at the central refer­ ence desk, participate in the bibliographic instruction and collection development programs, provide computer searches, and partici­ pate in reference department decision-making and library and uni­ versity activities. the successful candidate will be service oriented, able to work effectively with students, faculty, and the general public, and committed to promoting library services and collections to the academic community. an ala-accredited mls is required. an addi­ tional graduate degree in education or a related field is desired. wi­ chita state university is an urban institution with an enrollment of 17,000. the library is fully automated on the notis system. the li­ brary building is currently being remodelled and expanded. librari­ ans at wichita state enjoy faculty rank, privileges, and responsibili­ ties. wichita is an active, growing city with a population of 400,000. professional activities and conference attendance is supported by the library. starting salary $20,000 to $28,000 for 12-month appoint­ ment, depending on experience and qualifications. the successful candidate will be eligible for tenure review. benefits include tiaa/ cref, and a choice of blue cross/blue shield or hmo. letter of ap­ plication, resume and names of three references must be received by july 15, 1988. send to: sharon l. bostick, head of reference, campus box 68, the wichita state university, wichita, ks 67208. wichita state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, catalog department. tenure-track, 12-month faculty appointment. responsible for planning, development of policies and procedures, allocation of resources, and supervision of five faculty and sixteen classified staff. manages cataloging activities on rlin and notis, retrospective conversion, bibliographic maintenance and authority control in the card catalogs and the libraries’ auto­ mated local system, and processing of materials. oversees binding, repair of materials and other preservation activities. coordinates use of rlin and notis systems within the department and assists in planning for these systems within the libraries. reports to assistant director for technical services. requires ala-accredited mls de­ gree. at least four years cataloging experience in academic or re­ search library. knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, and marc formats. experience with an automated bibliographic utility and automated local library systems. rlin and/or notis experi­ ence is preferred. knowledge of preservation, including binding. planning, organizational, supervisory and training experience. dem­ onstrated interpersonal skills, including ability to communicate effec­ tively, both orally and in writing. leadership ability. a record of achievement sufficient to meet the requirements for academic ap­ pointment. potential for meeting the requirements for tenure and pro­ motion. salary negotiable, minimum $30,000. send letter of applica­ tion, resume, evidence of degree, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: libraries personnel of­ fice, colorado state university libraries, fort collins, co 80523. review of applications will begin no later than june 27, 1988. head, catalog management. oversees 0.5 librarian, 9 sup­ port staff and 6 -1 2 hourly staff in: maintenance of the public online and card catalogs and online union authority files; update of hold­ ings data to reflect materials transfer or withdrawal, or addition of copies or volumes; retrospective conversion; materials preparation; input of bibliographic, authority, and circulation data in support of current cataloging activities. qualifications: master’s degree from an accredited library school program; working knowledge of two or more modern foreign languages, preferably including german or a romance language. three years professional experience in catalog­ ing and/or catalog management, including significant experience in original cataloging and authority control performed in an automated environment. demonstrated organizational and supervisory capabil­ ities. hiring range: $25,000-$29,000. send application and resume including names of references by july 15, 1988, to: debra do manico, library personnel manager, northwestern university li­ brary, evanston, il 60208. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, government documents and maps depart­ ment, central university library, university of california, san diego. salary range: associate librarian: $31,008 to $44,676 or li­ brarian: $41,700 to $57,816. under the direction of the assistant university librarian-technical services, the incumbent is responsi­ ble for the leadership, organization, and management of the depart­ ment. responsible for organizational and personnel planning includ­ ing the selection, training, and evaluation of departmental staff. provides leadership in developing effective access to and use of in­ formation sources in the department and in the provision of new in­ formation sources. assumes a leadership role in developing library wide services and policies related to use of government publications and maps. maintains awareness of national and university of califor­ nia systemwide issues regarding government publications and maps, communicates these issues within the library, and contrib­ utes to the identification and resolution of these issues through ap­ propriate professional activities. qualifications: successful experi­ ence in program planning, implementation, and management in an academic or research library; knowledge of policies and procedures in academic and research libraries. the ability to manage and pro­ vide leadership in a changing environment is essential, as are strong interpersonal skills and the ability to work well with both library staff and users. demonstrated ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writing is required. mls from an ala-accredited library school. desirable qualifications include: experience in more than one of the following areas: branch library management, public ser­ vices, technical services, collection development, library instruction, oclc and/or other automated systems. experience with or knowl­ edge of issues and trends associated with government publications and maps. ucsd is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. applications received by august 1 ‚ 1988, will be assured of consideration. submit a letter of application, enclosing a resume and a list of references to: ellen lawson, assistant for academic person­ nel, library, c-075-h1, university of california, san diego, la jolla, ca 92093-0047. head, government publications department (search reopened). the university of nevada-reno library, a land grant university, seeks a creative, energetic librarian to head an extensive government publications department which is a regional depository for federal documents and a u.s. patent depository. responsibilities include reference and public service, supervision of 3 library assis­ tants and 1 librarian, collection development, some formal teaching and online searching. ala-accredited mls; appropriate experience in a government publications department or in-depth experience with government publications in an academic library. strong com­ munication, interpersonal and supervisory skills. computer search experience and experience with microcomputers desirable. faculty status requires librarians to meet faculty standards for appointment, promotion and tenure. salary open, depending upon qualifications and experience (minimum: $29,288). 12-month appointment; tiaa/ cref; 24 days vacation. position available immediately. available for interviews at ala. mountains, desert, lakes, 5 hours by car from san francisco. send resume and names and addresses of three ref­ erences to: mary b. ansari, head of administrative services, uni­ versity of nevada-reno library, reno, nv 89557-0044, closing date july 20, 1988, or until position filled. aa/eoe. unr employs only individuals lawfully authorized to work in the united states. head, lc copy cataloging unit, catalog department, georgia state university. responsible for supervision of the work of six la ills in oclc and circulation terminal work, cataloging mono­ graphs with lc aacr2 copy, retrospective conversion, preparation of training materials, planning new procedures, and formulating quality and quantity standards. online catalog in operation since 1985; online circulation system in use since 1987. required: ala accredited master’s in library science, two years cataloging on oclc or rlin, one year supervisory experience. preferred: experi­ ence with item records for online circulation. participation in profes­ sional and research activities important. tenure track, faculty rank and status. salary: $21,000-$24,000. available july 1988. submit resume, letter of interest, and names and telephone numbers of cur­ rent and former supervisors. materials received by july 15,1988, will receive priority consideration. send to: dianne m. smith, library per­ sonnel officer, pullen library, georgia state university, 100 de­ catur street s.e., atlanta, ga 30303-3081. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head of government publications, assistant professor responsibilities include administration of an extensive government publications department which is a regional depository of federal documents as well as a depository of mississippi state documents; supervision of 3.5 fte library assistants and a number of student as­ sistants; reference and public service; collection development; and planning for an automated library environment. position requires ala-accredited mls, experience with federal documents, good in­ terpersonal skills and supervisory experience; additional subject june 1988 / 395 director of the bio-medical library university of minnesota general description: the director of the bio-medical library is responsible for the administration of the university of minnesota bio-medical library which interacts closely with and supports the teaching pro­ grams of the schools of medicine, dentistry, nursing, public health, the college of pharmacy, certain bio­ logical sciences, and the university hospital and clinic. the bio-medical library is located in the health sciences complex on the university’s minneapolis campus and includes a learning resources center, the wangensteen historical library of biology and medicine, and an automated technical processing unit. the library has a total operating budget of more than $2,000,000 and a staff of 47 fte. it has a collection of over 350,000 volumes and 4,000 active journal subscriptions and is one of the stongest collections among health sciences libraries in the country. the bio-medical library has a very active service program and is well positioned for potential iaims development. the director of the bio-medical library reports to the university librarian and is a member of the adminis­ trative staff of the university libraries. the director is an ex-officio member of the bio-medical library advi­ sory committee, which meets regularly to advise regarding the programmatic directions of the bio-medical library. responsibilities: •develops policies and establishes program priorities for the bio-medical library and seeks grant sup­ port for innovative programs. •has responsibility for the management of the bio-medical library budget and operations. •works closely with health sciences departments in the development of programs and services which support the educational, research and information needs of faculty, students, and clinicians. •participates in the administration of the university libraries as a member of the central administrative group and serves on libraries committees. •represents the university libraries in health sciences matters at local, state, regional and national meet­ ings and participates, as appropriate, in state, regional, and national health sciences library and related professional activities. qualifications: •a graduate degree from a program accredited by the american library association is required. an advanced degree in a health related field is desirable. •a minimum of five years of professional library experience with progressively increasing administrative responsibility, preferably in a large academic health science setting, is required. •knowledge and understanding of current issues, trends and problems in academic health sciences librarianship including electronic information systems is required. •demonstrated skills and accomplishments in planning and implementing information services is re­ quired. •demonstrated ability to work effectively with faculty, students, academic administrators, library col­ leagues, and representatives of the surrounding health sciences community is required. •record of substantial professional activities and accomplishments including grant applications and/or publications is required. •evidence of the vision and skill to continue the development of an innovative, technologically advanced health sciences library is required. this is an academic-administrative appointment, which provides a full range of benefits. the salary is competitive and commensurate with experience and qualifications. applicants should send a letter of application relative to the above description; a current resume; and names, addresses and telephone numbers of at least five references to: barbara doyle, personnel officer, university of minnesota libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. applications must be received by 9/30/88. please cite ul 172 on application. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. note: the immigration reform and control act of 1986 requires all new employees to submit verification of identity and authorization to work in the united states at time of hire. 396 / c&rl news master’s or doctorate desirable. twelve-month appointment; faculty status and expectations. minimum salary is $25,000. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and telephone num­ bers of three references to: susan h. smith, head of government publications search committee, williams library, university of mississippi, university, ms 38677. an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. head of systems and operations to direct bibliographic control, collection development, serials, and automated services. requires ala-accredited mls plus 3 years experience in some as­ pect of technical services including management responsibilities. faculty appointment with 12 month contract, 20 days annual leave, competitive benefits, salary minimum $26,000. apply with letter, re­ sume, and names of 3 references by july 15,1988, to: acting dean, aum library, auburn university at montgomery, montgomery, al 36193-0401. aum is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head of the science and technology library. posi tion description: the head of the science and technology library will administer a new branch library that will begin operations in 1988 with a satellite information center at the automation & robotics re­ search institute reporting to it. the science and technology library will serve all engineering and scientific fields taught on the uta cam­ pus except for medical and psychology programs. the head of the library will supervise and evaluate a staff of two professionals and two classified staff and bear responsibility for reference collection management, reference service, circulation, reserve, binding of cur­ rent journals, an online search service, the determination of library hours, and management of the robotics information center. the head of the science and technology library will also collect appro­ priate statistics, analyze service needs, and make recommendations to the assistant director for public services that will best serve the library’s clientele. the head of the science and technology library is one of six department heads who report to the assistant director for public services. qualifications: required: master's degree from an ala-accredited program; advanced subject degree or the equiv­ alent combination of education and experience in the sciences and/ or engineering; at least four years’ library experience in progres­ sively more responsible positions in academic, special, or medical libraries; some supervisory experience; experience in online data­ base searching; a record of professional and/or scholarly activity. desired: administrative experience; m.a. or ph.d. degree in the sci­ ences or engineering. employment: full time. non-traditional work week. location: the university of texas at arlington is located in the dallas/fort worth metroplex, has a current enrollment of approxi­ mately 23,000, and offers 97 degrees, 18 at the ph.d. level. the uni­ versity libraries presently have more than 1,000,000 items in the col­ lections, a staff of 100, and a fy 1 9 8 7 -8 8 b u dge t of nearly systems librarian new mexico state university (search reopened.) nmsu enrolls over 14,000 students in 70 major undergraduate areas, 42 master’s degree and 19 doctoral degree programs. celebrating its 100th birthday, nmsu is the land-grant institu­ tion for new mexico. the 5,800-acre campus is located in southern new mexico on the high desert in the city of las cruces. located 40 miles from el paso, texas, at the southern edge of the rocky mountains, the area enjoys abundant sunshine, a balmy climate, and yet is within easy driving distance of alpine areas that include excellent skiing and winter sports. rank: faculty or professional. effective date: screening of applications will begin on july 1, with the search continuing until the position is filled; applications received by june 30, 1988, will be given preference. responsibilities: reports directly to the associate dean of libraries. if tenure track with faculty rank, indi­ vidual must be prepared to meet library and university criteria for tenure and promotion. responsibilities include interaction with oclc, vtls, innovacq and the campus computer center. position will include a wide range of analysis, systems design and specifications, documentation, training, research and coordi­ nation between several library, campus and off-campus locations. evaluation of computer equipment, or­ der specifications, system security and supervision of personnel. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited program or equivalent other professional degree. significant experience applicable to library information system design and implementation. excellent analytical and written and verbal communication skill. demonstrated ability to work well with individuals and with groups. work with minimum supervision. flexibility to meet new assignments as organization and operation changes occur. preferred: three or more years’ experience in an academic library; substantial experience with major online computer library systems, especially oclc, vtls, and innovacq; working knowledge of computer hardware, software, programming, and systems analysis; demonstrated ability to write functional specifica­ tions, evaluate and implement automated systems; familiarity with marc formats, library technical ser­ vices, and commercially available computerized management packages. salary: $32,500, depending on experience. application: submit letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: lowell duhrsen, associate dean new mexico state university box 30006 las cruces, nm 88003 initial interview could take place at ala new orleans. nmsu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. june 1988 / 397 $5,000,000. the libraries participate in amigos/oclc, dialog, and brs, and are installing the notis automated system. salary and benefits: $26,000 annual minimum salary, dependent on qualifi­ cations and experience. benefits include state contribution to health insurance premiums, payment of 88 percent of social security pre­ miums for the first $16,500 of annual salary for a total of $965.00, and 8.5 percent of annual salary contributed by the state to match the employee contribution of 6.65 percent for optional retirement pro­ gram. application: applications should include a resume and the names of three professional references. consideration for the posi­ tion will begin july 5,1988, and will continue until a satisfactory can­ didate has been found. applications should be addressed to: chair, head of the science and technology library search committee, the university of texas at arlington, p.o. box 19497, arlington, tx 76019. the university of texas at arlington is an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. head, reference department, kent state university li­ braries. reports to the associate director for public services and collection development. responsible for the administration of a de­ partment, com posed of 9.5 fte professionals and 1 support staff, which includes bibliographic instruction, computerized information service (online searching, cd-rom), and the reference desk. du­ ties include planning and implementing effective, efficient, and inno­ vative methods of sustaining and extending library and information services, the allocation of resources including the selection of infor­ mation sources appropriate to the mission of the libraries, and the selection, training, and evaluation of staff. qualifications: required: ala-accredited master’s degree. extensive background and expe­ rience in academ ic reference work, with special emphasis on biblio­ graphic instruction and/or online searching; knowledge of computer technology as it applies to library operations; strong commitment to service; effective interpersonal and communication skills; record of innovation; proven leadership ability/managerial experience and the ability to work with diverse groups and individuals; strong record of research, publication and professional activity; ability to meet the university’s requirements for tenure and promotion. desirable: sec­ ond advanced degree. this is a tenure track faculty position. mini­ mum salary of $30,000, with initial academic rank and salary com­ mensurate with education and experience. deadline for applications is july 31, 1988. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: harry ka mens, budget & personnel officer, kent state university library, kent, oh 44242. kent state university is an equal opportunity af­ firmative action employer. head, serials department, university of oklahoma. library faculty vacancy. duties: under the general direction of the director, library technical services, this position is responsible for the man­ agement of the serials department with approximately 16,000 serial subscriptions; includes supervision and coordination of serials cata­ loging, periodicals check-in, added volumes/added copies, serials acquisitions, binding, and the current periodicals/microforms area. supervises one full-time serials cataloger, eight classified staff, and student assistants; responsible for planning, review and implemen­ tation of services, procedures and programs for both the processing and public service areas; coordinates all personnel activities includ­ ing interviewing, hiring, training, evaluating and staff development; responsible for production of a com puter produced serials holdings list; provides reference service in the current periodicals/microforms area on a regular basis. qualifications: required: mls from ala accredited library school; four years technical services experience in a library with at least two years professional serials experience, in­ cluding cataloging; two or more years supervisory responsibility; sig­ nificant know ledge and experience with an autom ated system (rlin, oclc or the equivalent), aacr2, lc classification and sub­ ject headings; knowledge of at least one european language. evi­ dence of research and publication. desirable: experience in an aca­ demic library; demonstrated leadership abilities and supervisory skills; public service experience; strong interpersonal and com m uni­ cation skills; reading knowledge of additional foreign languages; second m aster’s degree and/or additional postgraduate work. deadline for applications: july 5, 1988. available: september 1, 1988. salary: $28,000 minimum. tiaa/cref; state retirement sys­ tem; comprehensive medical protection; 21 days vacation; univer­ sity holidays; generous sick leave. employment: librarians have fac­ ulty status, rank of assistant professor or above, privile ges, responsibilities, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume and the names of three references including current supervisor to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. the university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. humanities librarian, university of california, berkeley. de­ velop and manage extensive range of english language humanities collections excluding art and history and serve as library liaison with faculty and graduate students. select current and retrospective ma­ terials, perform various kinds of collection evaluation, provide refer­ ence service and bibliographic instruction to users of the english lan­ guages collections. participate in and initiate library instructional and orientation programs. requires mls degree and graduate work (ad­ vanced degree highly desirable) in a humanities discipline with strong background in english or american literature; collection de­ velopment and general reference desk experience in a medium to large academ ic research library; knowledge of recent advances in literary scholarship and current developments in research libraries. experience in bibliographic instruction, and experience with auto­ mated systems of bibliographic retrieval desirable. full job descrip­ tion on request. appointment salary range $31,008-$47,652 per an­ num. open until filled; candidates applying by 15 july 1988 will be given first consideration. send resume, including names and ad­ dresses of three professional references to: janice h. burrows, li­ brary personnel office, room 447 library, university of califor­ nia, berkeley, ca 94720. eeo employer. humanities reference librarian (search reopened) re sponsible for collection development, library instruction, computer assisted research, and reference services in the humanities; sched­ uled general reference. faculty position in the department of library public services reporting to the references services supervisor. re­ quired: ala-accredited mls; 2 years library reference experience; second subject master’s degree in the humanities, preferably in en­ glish or the fine arts. minimum salary of $21,000. review of applica­ tions will begin june 1, 1988. applications accepted until the position is filled. position to begin august 1 6 , 1988. send letter of application, resume and names and telephone numbers of 3 references to: of­ fice of academ ic affairs, library search, western kentucky uni­ versity, bowling green, ky 42101. an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. latin america bibliographer and social sciences reference librarian (search reopened). this position is re­ sponsible for development of a strong research collection of materi­ als about latin america to meet the information needs of faculty, stu­ dents, and others in the columbia community. the incumbent will coordinate collection development within the libraries and will rep­ resent the libraries at appropriate research libraries group meet­ ings; act as liaison with faculty; and assist in the management, pres­ ervation and evaluation of the collection. reference responsibilities relate primarily to the area of latin american studies and include consultations by appointment, assistance in the area of information sources in many formats, bibliographic instruction and class lec­ tures, preparation of publications and database searching. require­ ments are: ph.d. in a relevant subject area; excellent language skills in spanish and a reading knowledge of portuguese; intimate knowl­ edge of the history, politics, economics and cultures of latin am er­ ica; ability to communicate effectively verbally and in writing; signifi­ cant experience in acquiring latin american research materials; and flexiblity to work effectively and creatively in a complex environment. significant experience as a latin america bibliographer may substi­ tute for the ph.d. an accredited mls and additional foreign lan­ guage skills are preferred. excellent benefits include tuition exemp­ tion for self and family and assistance with university housing. salary ranges (w hich will increase 7/1/88) are curren tly: l ib raria n i: $23,000-$29,900; librarian ii: $25,000-$33,750. send resume, list­ ing three references, to: kathleen wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is june 30, 1988. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. map and geography librarian, clark university, worces ter, massachusetts. reports to university librarian. collection en­ compasses 165,000 maps, 1,600 atlases, and aerial photographs. full depository for usgs/dma; selective housing agreement for gpo items with local depository. responsible for overall administra­ tion of map library, including collection development, materials ac­ quisitions and processing, reference services, and staff training/su­ p e rv is io n . s erves as lib ra ry lia iso n to g ra d u a te s choo l of geography. provides subject expertise for development of central 398 / c &rl news library geography/geology collection. qualifications: graduate de­ gree from a program accredited by the american library associa­ tion required. background in geography or cartography desirable. knowledge of marc cataloging practices, preferably on oclc. knowledge of reference and acquisitions sources for cartographic and geographic materials. good oral and written communications skills. the p o sitio n w ill be a v a ila b le j u ly 1, 1988. salary $19,000-$22,000, depending on qualifications. an eeo/aa em­ ployer. to be assured of consideration, please send letter of applica­ tio n , resum e, and nam es of th re e re fe re n ce s to: susan s. baughman, university librarian, goddard library, clark univer­ sity, 950 main street, worcester, ma 01610. mellon intern for preservation administration, university of michigan. responsible for expansion of the library’s preservation program in the divisional and branch libraries. outlines a broad preservation program for a specific collection, with particu­ lar attention to the replacement/reformatting of brittle books; de­ velops and oversees implementation of procedures and workflows; develops and presents training modules for divisional library staff; writes narrative and statistical reports and other documents relative to project. participates with preservation office staff in managing on­ going programs (brittle books replacement, conservation and book repair, bindery preparations, and microfilming) and in planning and implementing new preservation initiatives. participates in staff and three positions texas a&m university u.s. documents and patents librarian. provides comprehensive reference assistance, with an emphasis on u.s. documents and patents, from a collection of u.s. and texas state documents and technical reports. maintains depository collections of u.s. documents and u.s. patents. assists in use of gpo/le-pac, ntis and other cd-rom products. supervises two support staff. assists with bibliographic instruction, and computerized reference services and car-search services within the documents divi­ sion. complete description available from acting head, personnel operations. qualifications: ala mls. minimum one year professional (post-mls) experience required, preferably in government documents or u.s. patents reference. experience in an academic library and experience with online systems of bibliographic data retrieval preferred. experience with or knowledge of collection devel­ opment, bibliographic instruction, and cataloging desirable. knowledge of microcomputer or laserdisk ap­ plications also desirable. salary: minimum $21,000 for 10.5 months, $22,000 with additional master’s. head, automated cataloging department. provides overall supervision and management for the automated cataloging department under the direction of the head, processing division. responsi­ ble for copy cataloging, notis database and card catalog maintenance, maintaining authority files and solving authority problems, and marking and labeling of materials. participates in weekly planning meet­ ings. department consists of 27 classified staff. complete description available from acting head, person­ nel operations. qualifications: ala mls. minimum of three years of progressively responsible, professional (post-mls) cataloging experience, preferably in an online environment. demonstrated supervisory skills. knowledge of marc formats, aacr2, lc rule interpretations, and library of congress subject headings required. must have experience with oclc or similar bibliographic utility. experience with notis desirable. salary: $23,000 minimum for 10.5 months; $24,000 with additional master’s. head, original cataloging department. provide overall supervision and management for the original cataloging department under the direction of the head, processing division. department is re­ sponsible for all original cataloging for all formats in all languages, and provides descriptive cataloging, lc classification, and lc subject headings as needed for oclc member input records. participates in weekly planning meetings. department consists of 4 entry-level professional librarians, 2 experienced catalogers and 4.5 classified staff. complete description available from acting head, personnel operations. qualifications: ala mls. minimum four years of progressively responsible professional (post-mls) cata­ loging experience, preferably in an online environment. require at least one year in an academic or large research library. experience with marc formats, aacr2, lc rule interpretations, and library of congress subject headings. must have experience with oclc or similar bibliographic utility. experience with notis desirable. supervisory and management skills appropriate to the position. salary: $24,000 minimum for 10.5 months; $25,000 with additional master’s. benefits: competitive benefits package. no state income tax. faculty rank. closing date: review of appli­ cations will begin july 15, 1988. for complete description of duties, qualifications and benefits, and to apply, contact: anna janne, acting head personnel operations evans library texas a&m university college station, tx 77843-5000 (409) 845-8111 aa/eeo employer. june 1988 / 399 user education program, and in disaster preparedness and recover training program. in addition, will be responsible for overseeing spe­ cial projects as assigned; preparation of samples and surveys as needed; participation in planning and implementing grant-based ini­ tiatives. supervision of staff and student employees may be required in carrying out responsibilities. reports to associate preservation li­ brarian. required: mls. minimum of 5 years’ post-mls experience; ability to plan and implement projects and to work independently; strong oral and written communication skills; demonstrated ability to work effectively with staff at all levels, representatives of other institu­ tions, and the public. desired: experience in a large academic or re­ search library; successful management experience including plan­ ning, supervision, training, and budget responsibilities. salary commensurate with current level of experience up to a maximum of $30,000. full benefits package. applications received by july 15, 1988, will be given first consideration. apply to: lucy cohen, man­ ager, library personnel office, 404 hatcher graduate library, the university of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109-1205. a non discriminatory, affirmative action employer. museum librarian. responsibilities: administration of a 40,000 volume art library, including provision of reference services and re­ search in support of museum staff; collection development; prepara­ tion and implementation of library budget; supervision of staff of 4, including 1 professional, plus volunteers. required: ala-mls; ba in art history; working knowledge of 1 or more european languages; 3 years increasingly responsible professional experience in a mu­ seum, research, or academic library. preferred: ma in art history or related degree. benefits: full benefit package, including vacation and sick/personal leave, health and life insurance, retirement plan. salary: minimum $25,000. send resume with letter and names of 3 references by 15 august 1988 to: search committee, the chrysler museum, olney road & m owbray arch, norfolk, va 23510. aa/eoe. off-campus librarian (anticipated opening). opportunity to join an excellent team of 11 professional librarians in providing ser­ vice to a large, multi-campus, urban community college. duties: to supervise and develop lrs off-campus operations (three centers and four sites) and offer general reference service and library use instruction at branch campuses and off-campus centers. ala accredited mls. two years’ experience. supervisory experience preferred. local travel required (reimbursed). applicants should be flexible, curious, energetic, and knowledgeable, with excellent com­ munication skills. minorities are encouraged to apply. faculty status, nine-month contract with three-month summer option. salary: $21,076 (nine months) minimum. respond with letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: personnel department, austin community college, p.o. box 2285, austin, tx 78768. closing date: july 11,1988. screening at ala. acc is an two positions purdue university foreign literature bibliographer/reference librarian. requirements: mls (ala accredited). minimum of 2 years academic library experience in collection development and maintenance in humanities, including foreign languages and literature. desired qualifications: collection development/ maintenance experience with library materials in all formats; reference experience; advanced degree, ph.d preferred, in either comparative literature or one of the following modern literatures: spanish, ger­ man, french or russian; teaching experience on the academic level; experience using online systems. responsibilities: development and maintenance of the collection in foreign languages and comparative literatures, and allied humanities disciplines. participates in reference service part time, providing general and specialized reference. expected to teach a course in department of foreign languages and litera­ tures during fall and spring semesters. social science bibliographer/reference librarian. requirements: mls (ala accredited). minimum of 2 years academic library experience in reference service, collection development and maintenance in the social sciences. desired qualifications: experience with library materials in all for­ mats; advanced degree in a social sciences discipline; and experience in searching online bibliographic databases. responsibilities: development and maintenance of the collection in sociology and anthropol­ ogy, and audiology and speech sciences. provides general and specialized reference service. salary: $20,000 and up depending upon qualifications. status and benefits: faculty status and responsibilities. members of the library faculty must meet purdue university requirements (excellence in librarianship, research and publishing, and service) for promotion and tenure. rank commensurate with education and experience. twelve month appointment with 22 days vacation accrual. flexible benefits programs with open enrollments annually. group life, medical and dis­ ability insurance programs are in effect as are tiaa/cref and social security coverage. libraries: the humanities library is the principal library resource for the school of humanities, social science and education, and also serves the general university. the library contains about 700,000 vol­ umes, 750,000 microforms, and 7,000 current serial publications. the library has 42 employees including 13 faculty and professional staff members. purdue university libraries system, which is made up of the undergraduate library and 14 school and departmental libraries, has holdings of over 1,600,000 volumes. staff totals more than 200, including 55 faculty and professionals. purdue university is located approximately 60 miles northwest of indianapolis, indiana. the greater la­ fayette area of approximately 100,000 provides a diversity of cultural and social activities. application process: send resume and list of references to: thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue university, west lafayette, in 47907. deadline for applications: august 1,1988, or until position is filled. an eeo/aa employer. 400 / c &rl news equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. public services librarian/microcomputer special­ ist (search extended). responsibilities include the computerization of the internal operations of the library. additional responsibilities in­ clude: supervision of the periodicals department and shared re­ sponsibilities in the public service area, including: reference, library use instruction, and collection development. an ala-accredited mls and a minimum of three years’ professional experience with a working knowledge of dbase iii plus, lotus 1-2-3, and word proc­ essing. this is a 12-month, tenure track appointment with research and publication required for tenure and promotion. evening and weekend hours required. salary range $24,000-$ 2 7 ,000. fringe benefits include 22 vacation days, tiaa/cref, and blue cross/blue shield/hmo options; major medical, dental, and life insurance. start­ ing date july 1,1988. applications will be accepted until suitable candidates are found. to apply, send letter of application, including a statement of your philosophy of library service in a small college library, resume, transcript, and three letters of professional reference to: janet valeski, chairperson, dec, quinnipiac college library, mt. carmel avenue, hamden, ct 06518. an affirmative action em­ ployer, equal opportunity. we encourage women and ethnic minori­ ties and other qualified candidates to apply. rare book bibliographer/cataloger. responsibilities: provides internal bibliographic control, and limited processing of manuscript and related materials. assists curator of rare books and manuscripts in selection, evaluation and disposition of rare books and other special materials. creates bibliographic records (original and adaptive) for printed rare book collections, and assigns, trains, and revises staff performing copy cataloging of other special collec­ tions. provides reference service for rare books. participates in for­ mulation and implementation of policies and procedures for biblio­ graphic control and management of special collections. contributes to productivity and quality control goals through own work and effec­ tive monitoring of work of assignees. assists in planning overall li­ brary services and programs through committee and task force ser­ vice. position administratively is in special collections and reports to the head of the department; cataloging is overseen by the head of the bibliographic services department. temple university libraries operate an integrated library system (geac), including an online cat­ alog. qualifications: mls degree from ala-accredited program and a broad liberal arts educational background. 1 -2 years of profes­ sional cataloging experience (preferably with rare books and manu­ scripts) in a large academic or research library or an equivalent com­ bination of education and related experience; knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and lcsh, usmarc formats, and run or similar bibliographic system; reading knowledge of two foreign languages, preferably german, french or italian; effective com munication, problem solving, and interpersonal skills. experience with prepara­ tion of descriptive bibliographies and familiarity with integrated li­ brary systems highly desirable. salary: annual salary of $19,845 at librarian ii, depending on qualifications and experience, for ten (10) month contract. liberal fringe benefits include health, dental, and life insurance; tuition remission; tiaa/cref. apply to: pamela thaxter, chair, search committee, c/o administrative services department, temple university libraries 017-00, temple university, philadel­ phia, pa 19122. send resume and names of 3 references by june 20, 1988. aa/eeo. reference/bibliographic instruction librarian, mi­ chel orradre library, santa clara university. responsible for coordi­ nating general and course-related library instruction program. pro­ vides reference assistance and searches online databases. may be assigned collection development responsibilities in one or more ar­ eas. required: mls from ala-accredited program and 2 -3 years relevant professional experience; prior experience in bibliographic instruction, reference, and online searching; strong interpersonal and communication skills. desirable: academic background in the social sciences; knowledge of at least one modern foreign language. santa clara is a jesuit university located 46 miles south of san fran­ cisco in the heart of california’s santa clara valley. initial appoint­ m ent at senior assistant librarian rank. 87/88 salary range $24,916-$35,880. apply by august 1, 1988, to: elizabeth m. salzer, university librarian, michel orradre library, santa clara univer­ sity, santa clara, ca 95053. santa clara is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference services librarian/assistant director for wheelock college library. position available july, 1988. respon­ sibilities include coordination and provision of reference desk ser­ vice, bibliographic instruction, and computer searching. implemen­ tation of online catalog services; some collection development. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, strong instructional, interper­ sonal, and organizational skills, and minimum of 3 years reference experience required. teaching experience desirable. salary mini­ mum of $24,000. send resume and names of 3 references by june 30,1988, to: andrea hoffman, library director, wheelock college library, 132 the riverway, boston, ma 02215. wheelock college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. science reference/instruction librarian, university of wisconsin-parkside. the successful candidate will provide refer­ ence and research assistance; participate in bibliographic instruc­ tion program including advanced course-related instruction; partici­ pate in collection development, serving as library liaison to several science departments; participate in a variety of library outreach pro­ grams; and coordinate one or more administrative functions within the public services division. qualifications: ala-accredited mas­ ter’s degree in library science; science subject background; interest in bibliographic instruction; excellent oral and written communica­ tion and interpersonal skills; familiarity with microcomputers and var­ ious other information technologies or demonstrated ability to attain these skills. desirable: two years of relevant experience in an aca­ demic library. salary from $19,000 depending on qualifications. ap­ plications received before june 30,1988, will receive priority consid­ eration. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: judith pryor, chair, search and screen committee, university of wisconsin-parkside, box 2000 wood road, kenosha, wl 53141. uw-parkside is an equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. senior serials cataloger. catalogs and classifies classed together serials; catalogs series analytics and periodicals in ail sub­ ject fields and in a variety of languages and formats. organizes, su­ pervises, and revises work of series analytics paraprofessional. assists head of serials department in the areas of supervision, revi­ sion, training, and staff and patron interaction. contributes to the de­ velopment of departmental policies and procedures. required: ala-accredited mls, cataloging proficiency in at least one foreign language, experience with lc classification and subject headings and aacr2, familiarity with oclc system, and three years relevant professional experience. desired: supervisory experience. experi­ ence with notis or other integrated library automation system. sal­ ary range: $18,255-$23,860, based on qualifications. tiaa/cref, group life, medical, dental. applications will be accepted until the po­ sition is filled. apply to: wilson snodgrass, associate director, cen­ tral university libraries, southern methodist university, dallas, tx 75275. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. senior sub-librarian, university of hong kong. applications are invited for the post of senior sub-librarian in the fung ping shan library. the fung ping shan library has a rapidly growing collection of over 300,000 volumes of east asian language books and materi­ als, mainly chinese, but with an increasing proportion of japanese materials. more than 1,000 periodical titles are subscribed to. in ad­ dition to the senior sub-librarian, there are 20 staff, 3 of whom are professionals. applicants should have a higher degree or postgrad­ uate diploma in librarianship (mls, ala or equivalent), and at least five years’ experience in a senior supervisory capacity in an aca­ demic library. applicants will also be expected to have a good aca­ demic background in chinese studies and be able to speak canton­ ese and putonghua. a knowledge of japanese will be an advantage. applicants must have extensive working experience with chinese materials and proven administrative ability. the library systems are already partly computerized and experience with computerized sys­ tems for chinese library materials is highly desirable. the appointee will be responsible for the overall management of the fung ping shan library and will, under the librarian’s direction, assist in the administration of the libraries. annual salary (superannuate) is on a 6-point scale: h.k.$292,320-$355,200 (u.s.$1 = h.k.$7.80 equiv­ alent as of march 29,1988). starting salary will depend on qualifica­ tions and experience. at current rates, salaries tax will not exceed 161/2% of gross income. housing at a charge of 71/2% of salary, chil­ dren’s education allowances, leave, and medical benefits are pro­ vided. further particulars and application forms may be obtained from: the association of commonwealth universities (appts), 36 gordon square, london wc1h 0pf, or from: the appointments unit, registry, university of hong kong, hong kong. closes 8 july 1988. ju n e 1988 / 401 serials cataloger (search reopened). responsible for cata­ loging and classifying print serials in all subject areas. supervises the serials cataloging unit of two fte technical assistants and two stu­ dent assistants. the unit is also responsible for the creation and maintenance of local data records for the arkansas union list of seri­ als via the oclc serials control subsystem and for recording local holdings information on the shelflist. participation in automation plan­ ning may also be required. position reports to the head, cataloging department. ala-accredited mls, serials cataloging experience (preferably in an academ ic library), knowledge of aacr2 and lc classification and subject headings required; experience with oclc and local automated systems desired. rank and salary dependent upon qualifications and experience, $19,000 minimum. twelve­ month, tenure-track, tiaa/cref, 22 days annual leave, tuition and other benefits. position available july 1, 1988. applications ac­ cepted until the position is filled. the university of arkansas, fayet­ teville, is a land-grant university and the major academ ic research institution in the state, offering a full range of undergraduate, gradu­ ate and professional degrees. situated in the ozarks, fayetteville (population 40,000) offers cultural and recreational opportunities as­ sociated with natural beauty and a university community. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to: john a. harrison, director of libraries, university of arkansas, fayetteville, ar 72701. the uni­ versity of arkansas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em ­ ployer; minority and female candidates are strongly encouraged to apply. serials cataloger. the university of west florida is seeking a serials cataloger responsible for original cataloging and supervision of copy cataloging of all serials. the position reports to the head of the serials unit and works closely with two library technical assistants and several student assistants. qualifications include knowledge of lc classification and subject headings, oclc and aacr2. an ala accredited mls and two years academ ic library experience catalog­ ing serials or similar materials are required. good interpersonal and communication skills are important. familiarity with government docum ents and m icrocom puters is desirable. the university of west florida is part of the state university system and participates in the statewide automation system using notis software. more than 500,000 volumes and 700,000 microform pieces are in the collec­ tion. the library subscribes to 4,000 serials and is a partial govern­ ment docum ents depository. available august 1, 1988, at a mini­ mum salary of $20,000 plus fringe benefits. submit letter, resume, and three letters of reference or placement folder to: grady morein, library director, the university of west florida, 11000 university parkway, pensacola, fl 32514. closing date for accepting applica­ tions is july 15,1988. indicate availability for interview at ala. uwf is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials librarian, george mason university. manage serials departm ent currently using linx and preparing to migrate to new integrated library system. work with liaison librarians on collection developm ent and supervise the library’s participation in union list project of washington research library consortium. qualifications: ala-accredited m ls and experience with serials, preferably with au­ tomated systems. supervisory experience and interest in public ser­ vice desirable. salary $24,000 and up depending on qualifications. send resume, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: florence landon, fenwick library, george mason university, 4400 university drive, fairfax, va 22030. applications received by july 8, 1988, will receive first consideration but recruit­ ment will continue until position is filled. preliminary interviews may be conducted at ala new orleans. aa/eoe. late jo b listings associate head librarian, simon’s rock of bard college. to supervise library services at the simon’s rock college library and coordinate services with the library program at bard college. principal responsibilities include the direction of technical reader services and budget preparation, planning and implementation of automated systems, ‘database searching, collection development, and bibliographic instruction. mls from an ala accredited program; minimum five years’ experience related to the duties of the position required. oclc experience preferred. salary $25,000, plus competitive benefits. application deadline june 30, 1988. send resume and letter of application with three references to: david c. tipple, head librarian, b a rd college, annandale-on-hudson, ny 12501. eeo/aa. audio-visual librarian, kenyon college. duties: develop, manage, and maintain the resources and services of the audio-visual department of the libraries; develop and manage collection with regard to collegiate needs; originate and conduct instructional programs; supervise support staff; develop department budget in consultation with library director; oversee av equipment: perform general library duties. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; thorough knowledge of av resources collection development and computerized collection management; two years experience; knowledge of art history highly desirable. salary: mid $20s; negotiable depending on qualifications. send application, resume, and supporting materials to: director of libraries, k enyon college, gambier, oh 43022. deadline: ju ly 1, 1988, or until position is filled; preliminary interviews at ala conference; starting date august, 1988. kenyon college is an undergraduate liberal arts college enrolling 1,500 students, located in rural central ohio. the college, an equal opportunity employer, encourages applications from women and minority members. catalogers (fo ur positions), cornell university library. the cataloging department in central technical services at cornell is a large department (31 staff) using notis for processing records since april 1988 (rlin, 1981-1988; oclc, 1973-1981) and adhering to aacr2, lc 402 / c &rl news classification, lcsh, and marc formats for bibliographic and authority records. the department consists of an original cataloging unit and a copy cataloging unit. due to the retirement of three long-term catalogers and another opening, four original cataloging positions are now available. head, original cataloging unit. the unit head serves as cataloging expert and policymaker, trainer of new original catalogers, and supervisor of the unit. substantial cataloging experience, including authority work, required; supervisory experience and language facility highly preferred. original c atalogers (3). one year of cataloging experience preferred. each of these original catalogers, as well as the head of the unit, is required to have a good working knowledge of a language or language group. preference will be given to experience with aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, marc formats, notis, rlin. specific language expertise not tied to either unit head or other cataloging positions; retiring catalogers’ languages include german and related languages, french, italian, latin and greek; and russian and other slavic languages. we are also seeking a cataloger with icelandic and scandinavian languages. qualifications required: fifth year degree from accredited library school; evidence of professional commitment. salary: $19,500 minimum. depending on qualifications and experience. to apply: please send cover letter, resume and list of three references to: ann dyckman, personnel director, cornell u niversity library, 201 olin library, ithaca, ny 14853-5301. applications requested by july 1, 1988. cornell university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalogers (two). catalog and classify book and non-book formats in all western european languages and all subject fields using aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, and the rlin cataloging system. requires: accredited mls, subject master’s degree for tenure. working knowledge of at least two western european languages; at least one year experience cataloging and classifying materials on a national bibliographic utility using aacr2 and lc classification and subject headings; familiarity with automated cataloging systems and marc formats. faculty status, tuition remission, tiaa/cref or alternative pension program, five weeks annual vacation. to ensure consideration, send resume and letter of application, including the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references by june 30, 1988, to: alice deich, personnel representative, new york u niversity libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012. minimum: $25,000. new york university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. college librarian. juniata college is seeking an experienced academic librarian to provide strong leadership for its library and audio-visual services. responsibilities include overall management of the library and audio-visual department, supervision of professional and support staff, development of the annual budget, application of information technology, enhancement of student access to materials and promotion of active use. solid academic credentials, imagination, enthusiasm, understanding of library technology and commitment to undergraduate education in a liberal arts setting are essential. this is an administrative position reporting to the academic dean; open appointment date. salary commensurate with experience; range begins at $36,000. preliminary interviews will take place at ala new orleans. juniata is a selective, independent college of 1,100 students in rural central pennsylvania. the library is in the middle of a retrospective conversion and reclassification project and is a leader in small library automation. please send letter of application, resume and the names of three references before july 15, 1988, to: barbara m. rowe, director of personnel services, ju n ia ta college, huntingdon, pa 16652. eoe. coordinator of database management/cataloger libju n e 1988 / 403 rarian. responsibilities: reporting to head of the bibliographic services department, provides coordination of database management and related activities. oversees bibliographic and material holdings linking functions and solves bibliographic and automated system problems. assigns, trains, and revises support staff performing bibliographic control and database maintenance work. provides bibliographic records (original and adaptive) for materials in a wide range of subjects and formats. contributes to departmental productivity and quality control goals through own work and effective monitoring of work of assignees. assists in planning library services and programs through committee and task force activities. temple university libraries operate an integrated library system (geac), including an online catalog. depending on qualifications and interests of successful candidate, participation in other areas of library services may be possible. qualifications: mls degree from ala-accredited program program. 1-2 years of professional cataloging experience, preferably in a large academic or research library, or an equivalent combination of education and related experience; knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and lcsh, usmarc formats, and rlin or similar bibliographic system; knowledge of two foreign western european languages, one of them preferably should be german; effective communication, problem­ solving, and interpersonal skills. evidence of professional growth and potential for leadership. familiarity with integrated library systems highly desirable. salary: minimum $19,845 at l-2; minimum $22,050 at l-3, depending on qualifications and experience, for ten (10) month contract. liberal fringe benefits include health, dental, and life insurance; tuition remission; tiaa/cref. apply to: penelope myers, chair, search committee, c/o administrative services department, samuel paley library 017-00, tem ple u n iv ersity , philadelphia, pa 19122. send resume and names of three references by ju ly 15, 1988. aa/eeo. d irecto r, institute of fin e arts libr a r y. administers the institute of fine arts library with a current staff of 8.5 ft e including an administrative employee, 3 clericals and 8 students. duties include planning, coordinating, developing and directing public service programs such as reference, instruction and orientation, online bibliographic searching and publication of bibliographies and guides, managing collection development, and serving as a liaison with the technical services unit of the nyu library system. oversees the institute’s conservation center library. works closely with the faculty and students of the institute. serves as a department head within the division of libraries, responsible to the library’s director of public and administrative services and regularly reports to the director of the institute of fine arts. the institute of fine arts is among the nation’s finest research facilities for the study of the history of art and archaeology and the conservation and technology of works of art. it is located in the duke house at the comer of fifth avenue and 78th street, close to many of the major museums and art libraries in new york city. requires: accredited mls, graduate degree in art history or related subject area or equivalent experience. subject m aster’s degree for tenure. at least five years experience in an art library. reading knowledge of several western european languages. demonstrated skills in personnel and financial management. familiarity with online systems. ability to provide leadership and and to work in conjunction with the representatives of other units and the community-at-large. faculty status, tuition remission, tiaa/cref or alternative pension program, five weeks annual vacation. salary commensurate with experience and background. minimum: $35,000. to ensure consideration, send resume and letter of application, including the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references by ju n e 30, 1988, to: alice deich, personnel representative, new y o rk u n iv ersity libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012. new york university is an affirmative action institution. 404 / c&rl news four positions, ferris state university. two library faculty positions at assistant professor level‚ $25,000 minimum: 1. c ataloger, l ib rary systems and o perations d epartm ent for bibliographic control of monographs, retrospective conversion, and catalog maintenance, coordinating a team of eight or more, using oclc and implementing library automation of all access and control functions. required: mls or equivalent from a library/information science program accredited by the ala, and a combination of relevant experience or subject area degrees equal to two years, preferably in an academic library’s technical services. 2. h ealth sciences l ib rarian in the department of reference and instructional services to coordinate information resources and services to three professional schools (optometry, pharmacy, allied health) by establishing a new branch library. medical librarian certification desirable. required: mls or equivalent from a library/information science program accredited by the ala and a combination of relevant experience or subject-area degrees equal to two years, preferably in a medical information center. two library administration positions‚ department heads, $30,000 minimum; serve as directors on the library and instructional services administrative council: 1. head, system s and o perations d epartm ent, consisting of bibliographic control (cataloging, oclc, networking) and collection development (acquisitions and assessment), and liaison with the computer center, academic computing, and two reference centers, with staff of 3-4 faculty, 2 library assistants, 7 clerks and technicians, plus adult part-time employees and student assistants. required: mls or equivalent from a library/information science program accredited by ala and a combination of relevant administrative and technical experience of 3 years. demonstrated expertise with bibliographic automated systems, appropriate hardware, and local area network design. 2. head, r eference and in stru ctio n al services d epartm ent, consisting of reference (manual and online services, and automated reference center), interlibrary loan, library and bibliographic instruction, and 2-4 branch libraries and off-site reference centers, with 6-7 faculty, 2 library assistants and a clerk, plus adult part-time employees, student assistants, and interns. required: mls or equivalent from a library/information science program accredited by ala and a combination of relevant administrative and technical experience of three years. candidates must demonstrate expertise in the program design and delivery of reference services and packaged information, as well as in library/bibliographic instruction and program design, using manual resources, automated information technology, and a variety of media. fsu is a polytechnic university of 11,500 with programs ranging from associate to doctorate degrees and schools of arts and sciences, business, technology, allied health, and pharmacy, a college of optometry, and a center for lifelong learning. it is situated in big rapids, a community of 15,000 fifty miles north of grand rapids, michigan’s second largest metropolitan area. the library and instructional services (academic computing, media production and distribution, etc.) has a staff of approximately 75, budgets of over two million dollars, and collections of approximately 1.5 million bibliographic units. full job descriptions are available; call (616) 592-3611. apply by june 15, 1988, for possible interviews at ala with dean lawrence mccrank; or by the deadline of july 15, with letters, resume, and 5 references to the appropriate search committee, fsu library, f e rris s tate u niversity, big rapids, mi 49307. ferris state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. government documents/data services r efer en c e l ib ­ rarian. university of georgia libraries. the government documents department provides extensive reference assistance in u.s. government documents, united nations, georgia and canadian documents, british, french, and west german parliamentary documents, and other selected foreign government publications. data services, a unit of the libraries social sciences ju n e 1988 / 405 department, maintains a large and increasingly significant collection of machine readable data files obtained through participation in the georgia state data center (u.s. census) and the inter-university consortium for political and social research (icpsr) as well as from commerical suppliers. (salary minimum $18,700). the successful candidate may have the opportunity to participate in an intensive professional development program. duites: the government documents/data services reference librarian is a new position created to enhance user access to a large government documents collection and a growing resource of machine readable data files. the incumbent will strengthen links between computer-accessed files and printed government information by guiding users to the most appropriate source, regardless of format. this includes providing in-person and telephone reference service which will require in-depth knowledge of the contents of icpsr and census data collections and published census information; developing familiarity with the collections and maintaining knowledge of reference, bibliographic, and other information sources used to service these collections; participating in the development and evaluation of the policies and services of the departments; and planning and participating in library orientation and bibliographic instruction programs especially in the areas of census and statistical information. the government documents/data services reference librarian reports to the head of the government documents department and will spend approximately 60% of the work week in the government documents department and 40% in the data services unit. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; reference coursework in government documents or relevant experience; strong commitment to public service; interest in the social sciences and quantitative analysis; experience with sp s s, sas or similar statistical package preferred; interest in bibliographic instruction; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships; effective oral and written communication skills; interest in academic librarianship preferred. application procedure: send letter of application by ju ly 22, 1988, including resume and names of three references to: george h. libbey, assistant director for administrative services, u n iv ersity o f g eorgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only i f suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. government d o cu m en ts/referen ce librarian. responsible for the collection development, staff training and promotion of government documents in an integrated setting within the division of information services. since government documents assistance is provided at the central reference desk, this position involves reference assistance in a variety of subject areas. contributes to all planning and policy-making decisions related to government documents. participates in library user education and database searching. the library is committed to innovative, top quality programs and services demonstrated by an active library user education program; pro-active librarian liaison and outreach; acquisition of laser-based reference tools; and an online public access catalog. documents are cataloged and reflected in the online catalog. required: ala-accredited mls; at least one year of experience with government documents in a medium to large library setting; excellent interpersonal skills; and a strong user-oriented philosophy. preferred: background and/or experience in general reference in an academic setting and knowledge of technical processing aspects of government documents. nine or 12-month negotiable, faculty status/tenure track position. research and publication are required for tenure. excellent fringe benefits, state retirement plan, minimum salary range $18,000-$21,000. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: kathryn thiede, personnel officer, dean’s office, jerom e library, b ow ling g reen s ta te u n iv ersity , bowling green, oh 43403-0170. review of applications will begin on june 20, 1988, and will continue until the position is 406 / c &rl news filled. bgsu is a comprehensive university, enrolling approximately 14,000 undergraduates and 3,000 graduate students. bgsu is an aa/eoc employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply. government documents r efer en c e librarian, university of oklahoma. library faculty vacancy. duties: under the general direction of the head of the reference department, this position is responsible for the management of the government publications collections including federal, state, and international documents. this position supervises two full-time clerical staff and student assistants, and is responsible for the planning, implementation, and review of services, procedures, and programs. the incumbent provides reference and bibliographic service in the areas of government publications; provides general reference service at the library’s main reference desk; participates in collection development activities for the government documents collections; performs online bibliographic searches; and provides library instruction in the use of government publications. qualifications: required: mls from ala-accredited library school; knowledge of database searching and library instruction concepts and methods. evidence of research and publication. desirable: academic background in political science, history, or related field; pre-professional or professional experience in a library government documents department and/or library reference department. effective communication skills. some supervisory experience. deadline for applications: august 15, 1988. available: october 1, 1988. salary: $28,000 minimum. benefits: tiaa/cref; state retirement system; comprehensive medical protection; 21 days vacation; university holidays; generous sick leave. employment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, rank of assistant professor or above, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume and the names of three references including current supervisor to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, university libraries, u niversity of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. the university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of information services (search re-opened). provides creative leadership in planning, developing, and administering programs in reference services, collection development, government publications, library instruction, and automated database search services with 13 librarians, 13 support staff, and student employees. requires ala-accredited master’s degree; minimum of 4 years experience in information services in an academic library; demonstrated planning, management, and interpersonal skills; excellent written and oral communication skills; and a strong user-oriented philosophy. candidates must possess a knowledge of emerging information technologies and applications to libraries. salary $30,000 minimum depending on qualifications. applications received by july 15, 1988, will receive first consideration. send letter of application, names of 3 references and resume to: dana rooks, assistant director for administration, u niversity of h ouston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. head of technical services (tenure-track). duties and respon­ sibilities: manages the technical services operation (acquisitions, cataloging, serials, and binding) consisting of 8 fte; performs original cataloging and serves as cataloging resource professional; plans for, evaluates, and implements automated systems to support operations library-wide. as member of professional staff, provides service at general reference desk, teaches bibliographical resources courses, conducts database searches, and selects materials in one or more subjects for the general collection. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree, 5 years experience in technical services, supervisory experience required. experience with oclc, aacr2, marc formats, and automated library systems required. academic library experience june 1988 / 407 preferred. proficiency in one or more foreign languages desirable. twelve month faculty appointment. salary and rank (assistant or associate professor) commensurate with experience and qualifications. send letter of application, resume and names and phone numbers of three references to: barbara j . brown, university librarian, w ashington & lee u niversity, lexington, va 24450. equal opportunity employer. applications received before june 20, 1988, will receive first consideration. head, school of library and information science l ib ­ rary, indiana university, bloomington, indiana. assistant librarian, associate librarian, or librarian. responsible for working closely with faculty and students to understand information needs and provide appropriate collections and services. under general direction of associate dean for public services, responsible for planning, managing, supervising, and evaluating unit’s services and operations; has primary responsibility for selection, training, and evaluation of personnel; planning and implementation of user services including computerized services; coordination of the personnel budgets. under general direction of associate dean for collection management and development, responsible for collection management including management of materials budgets to support library science and children’s literature, collection evaluation, and preservation. the head, slis, is a member of the council of branch librarians, the library’s administrative council, and the fund managers council and participates in library-wide discussion and planning. qualifications: master’s degree from ala-accredited library school; supervisory experience; demonstrated ability to plan and evaluate library programs, work with others to attain objectives, manage wide variety of complex library operations; experience with reference sources, collection development, computer-based library services, and instructional techniques; demonstrated ability to communicate logically, clearly, effectively orally and in writing; ability to work well independently and with others; imaginative, innovative, and responsive to change. successful post-mls professional library public service experience preferred. ability to meet responsibilities and requirements of tenure-track appointment. salary dependent upon qualifications and experience. minimum: assistant librarian, $21,500; associate librarian, $27,000; librarian, $33,000. benefits include: tenure-track appointment; vacation of 22 working days; liberal sick leave; blue cross/blue shield; group life insurance; tiaa/cref retirement/annuity plan. librarians are eligible for sabbatical leaves and other research support. to apply a letter of application stating qualifications and background relevant to this specific position accompanied by resume and names and addresses of four references should be sent to search and screen committee in care of: marilyn shaver, personnel officer, indiana u niversity libraries, main library c-2, bloomington, in 47405. telephone: (812) 335-3403. available: july 1, 1988. closing date for applications: no earlier than june 20, 1988. eeo/aae. head, serials department, university of cincinnati. responsible for the management of the centralized serials acquisitions and cataloging services for the university library. receives general direction from the associate university librarian for access services. supervises a staff of two librarians and 9.5 fte support staff. university libraries consist of a main library and 11 college and departmental libraries. the collection includes 1,250,000 volumes, 14,000 subscriptions and 1,625,000 microforms. this position offers the opportunity to bring together serials acquisitions and serials cataloging functions, to implement an online serials system, and to design and implement new work flow. required qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program. demonstrated leadership, management and human relations skills. five years’ experience which includes library serials acquisitions. successful supervisory experience. ability to communicate clearly, both orally and in 408 / c &r l news writing. prefer experience with online catalogs and online serials control systems. public service experience. serials catalog experience. salary and rank is commensurate with qualifications and experience. range: $28,000 $34,000. deadline july 5, 1988. send resume with cover letter and names of three references to: judy wernicke, personnel assistant, 640 langsam library, u niversity of c incinnati, cincinnati, oh 45221-0033. the university of cincinnati is an aa/eoe. head, social sciences and humanities department, colo rado state university. tenure track, 12-month appointment. reports to assistant director for public services. provides library services in social sciences, business, humanities, arts. bibliographic instruction, reference, database searching. ala-accredited mls. minimum $30,000. contact: ruth ludwig, colorado s tate u niversity libraries, 106 morgan library, fort collins, co 80523; (303) 491-1834, by july 5, 1988. historical society librarian (search reopened). historical library seeks a librarian to oversee a comprehensive collection, spanning c. 1650 to the present, with special strengths in the history of the middle atlantic region and genealogical sources for the eastern united states. responsible for collection development and preservation, budget and planning, reference services, and supervising staff of eight. qualifications: the successful candidate will possess a strong background in american history and historiography, methods and source materials for genealogical and historical research, and automated systems, particularly oclc and rlin, and have strong leadership skills. candidate must possess 3-5 years of supervisory experience; a ph.d or degree in ala-mls and advanced subject degree. publications and professional visibility highly desirable. salary range: $26,000-$32,000. send letter, resume, and names of three references to: librarian search, h istorical society of pennsylvania, 1300 locust street, philadelphia, pa 19107. eoe. humanities bibliographer. coordinates the development of the bobst library humanities collection which includes art, english and american literature, music, performing arts, philosophy and religion, western european languages and literatures, world history and area studies programs for latin america and the near east. oversees and evaluates the work of eight selectors. serves on the collection development committee and guides the formulation of collection development policy, retrospective selection and collection evaluation for the humanities. acts as liaison with the teaching faculty. requires: accredited mls, subject master’s degree for tenure. advanced degree in literature or history preferred. five years experience as a selector in a university library. an understanding of academic research needs and the nature of scholarly publishing in the humanities in general are required. demonstrated ability to provide leadership, exercise independent judgment and communicate effectively with faculty. reading knowledge of french and spanish essential; working knowledge of german desirable. faculty status, tuition remission, tiaa/cref or alternative pension program, five weeks annual vacation. to ensure consideration, send resume and letter of application, including the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references by june 30, 1988, to: alice deich, personnel representative, new y ork u niversity libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012. minimum: $30,000. new york university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. instructional services librarian (temporaiy 10-month appointment). responsibilities: general reference, bibliographic instruction, liaison with faculty. requirements: mls from ala-accreditéd library school; salary $18,000. position starts september 1, 1988. review of applications june 1988 / 409 begins july 15, 1988, and continues until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: larry hardesty, library director, e ck e rd college, box 12560, st. petersburg, fl 33733-2560. an equal opportunity employer. librarian. historic mount vernon offers an excellent opportunity for an energetic, dynamic individual to assume a leadership role in the management of mount vernon’s library. the primary responsibility is the management, acquisition, organization, and conservation of the library’s collections. these collections include 10,000 reference and rare books, 5,000 historical manuscript items, graphic art, association archives, etc. ala-accredited mls required. minimum $32,480. effective communication skills (written and oral), ability to work with all segments of the community and a special sensitivity to the rich historical traditions of the mount vernon estate. send resume with three references to: director of personnel, m ount v ernon ladies* a ssociation, mount vernon, va 22121. libr a r y systems analyst, california university of pennsylvania. description of duties: the position entails responsibility for the continuing technical management, design, and development of the library’s automated systems including: coordination of communication between library and computer center personnel; continue with the implementation and functional operation of the online catalog; study the feasibility of the integration of the circulation system with the online catalog; production of documentation of systems; coordination and management of activities related to the installation, implementation, and maintenance of both hardware and software in the library in conjunction with computer center personnel; supervision of testing of system enhancements; handling communications with computer hardware and software vendors; evaluation and recommendation of purchases of library computer hardware and software with participation in contract negotiations with vendors; and provision of training in the utilization of library systems. candidates desiring further information may contact richard m. matovich at (412) 938-4096. desirable qualifications: master’s degree in library, information, of computer sciences. experience with automated library systems or systems analysis and design desirable. condition of employment: successful applicant should be able to start employment about september, 1988. salary range of $27,409-$41,114 determined by qualifications and experience. 37 1/2 hour work week with generous fringe benefits. this is a twelve month managerial position. final date to apply: august 1, 1988. submit vita which must include (a) leter of application, (b) current resume, (c) transcripts, and (d ) names, summer addresses, and telephone numbers of three references preferably from current or former employers to: richard m. matovich, search committee chairperson, manderino library, c alifornia u n iversity of p en n sylv an ia, california, pa 15419. description of university and library: california university of pennsylvania, one of the fourteen state-owned universities of the pennsylvania state system of higher education, is located 40 miles south of pittsburgh and has an enrollment of 6,000 students. the circulation system and online catalog are supported by dec vax computers maintained in the university computer center. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. original cataloger, icelandic & other languages. cata­ loging department, central technical services. cornell university is seeking an original cataloger of monographic material for the world-renowned fiske icelandic collection. one-half of the assignment will be original and copy cataloging for the fiske collection; the second half will be original cataloging in another area, based on language and/or subject skills of the cataloger and department needs (currently material in germanic and scandinavian languages 410 / c &rl news and in science). qualifications: required: fifth year degree from an accredited library school; reading knowledge of icelandic and one modem scandinavian language. preferred: one year of cataloging experience using aacr2, lc classification and lcsh; experience with the marc communications format and automated systems (rlin, notis preferred); other language ability, especially german, dutch, another scandinavian language; evidence of professional commitment. salary: $19,500 minimum. apply to: please send cover letter, resume and list of three references to: ann dyckman, personnel director, cornell university library, 201 olin library, ithaca, ny 14853 5301. applications requested by july 1, 1988. cornell university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. physical sciences librarian/coordinator of cires. coor­ dinates computerized information retrieval services (cires) program including management, training, and evaluation. supervises 1 fte. provides service at information desk. responsible for collection development, user education, and computerized database searching in physical sciences. requires ala-accredited master’s degree, significant coursework in physical sciences or science reference experience, and significant experience in database searching. excellent communication skills and service orientation essential. $23,000 minimum salary depending on qualifications. excellent benefits package. applications accepted until july 15, 1988, or until position filled. send letter of application, names of 3 references and resume to: dana rooks, assistant director for administration, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. public relations officer. 12-month academic faculty or admin­ istrative professional appointment. reporting to director of libraries, serves as libraries’ liaison to o ffic e of university communications, university development office, offic e o f s p o s r ed research, local businesses. revitalize libraries associates, monitor potental gr a n t . experience in university library preferred. demonstrated experience in grant w riaing fund raising, and/or public relations. minimum $30,000. contact: r a t l u d wig, colorado state university libraries, 106 morgan library, fort collins, co 80523; (303) 491 1834, by july 5, 1988. public services librarian. juniata college is seeking two creative people-oriented librarians to join our public services team. responsibilities will include research assistance, online searching, liaison with faculty and supervision of support staff. incumbents are expected to work with the academic community and share in the development and implementation of a new public services program to promote active library use. academic year contract, faculty rank, reporting to college librarian; range begins at $19,000. preliminary interviews will take place at ala in new orleans. juniata is a selective independent college of 1,100 students in rural central pennsylvania. send letter of application, resume and the names of three references by july 15, 1988, to: barbara m. rowe, director of personnel services, juniata college, huntingdon, pa 16652. eoe. reference/instruction librarian. daytona beach community college seeks innovative, service-oriented librarian to fill new entry level position. duties: supervision of sunday afternoon and evening staff, reference assistance, online searching (dialog), classroom instruction; prepare bibliographies, etc.; collection development input. requirements: ala/mls, energetic good interpersonal and communication skills, flexibility, knowledge of basic reference sources. 12 month appointment with excellent benefits. minimum $22,670. send letter of application, resume, and 3 references to: human resources department, daytona beach community college, 1200 ju n e 1988 / 411 volusia avenue, daytona beach, fl 32015. eoe m/f. r e f e r e n c e libra ria n fo r fin e arts. reporting to the head of general reference, the librarian will manage a fine arts reference unit within the main library. collection includes reference materials in art, architecture, music and dance. duties include supervision of full and part-time employees, reference work in fine arts with students, faculty and members of the community, collection development as assigned, library instruction, database searching. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school. preferred: advanced degree in a fine arts discipline, fine arts library experience, reference, instruction and online searching experience, ability to work well with university faculty and students, knowledge of a western european language. salary: minimum $18,000. send letter of application, resume and names of three references and/or placement file address by ju ly 1, 1988 to: dennis r. defa, 328 marriott library, u n iv ersity o f u tah , s alt lake city, ut 84112. the university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. social sc ien c e r e f e r e n c e librarian . entry-level position. per­ manent, nine-month, full-time appointment; tenure track position with faculty status. responsibilities: general reference, bibliographic instruction; collection development, online searching and liaison to departments in the social sciences; coordinates special and outreach projects; teaches in school library media program. required: ala mls; training or experience in general reference and online searching. preferred: second m aster’s in a social science. second m aster’s required for tenure. assistant professor $21,250-$23,250 for nine months. applications received by ju ly 31, 1988, will receive first consideration, but applications accepted until position is filled. send resume and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: deborah hollens, library personnel committee, s o u th ern o regon s ta te c ollege, ashland, or 97520. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. system s librarian /system s manager, bucknell university. responsibilities: implementation and operation of dra system; supervision of systems operators, daily operation, maintenance and troubleshooting; resource person/trainer for other library automation; liaison with system vendor. competitive salary, based on experience, minimum $28,000. requirements: bachelor’s degree, liberal arts desired. strongly preferred: mls (ala accredited); required: significant technical experience with computer-based integrated systems: dra, geac, or clsi preferred; proven problem­ solving/organizational skills; must work well independently and with others. send resume and names of three current references before ju n e 30, 1988, for maximum consideration, to: ann de klerk, director of library services, b u ck n ell u n iv ersity , lewisburg, pa 17837. applications from members of minority groups are strongly encouraged. expected appointment date september 1, 1988. students love to c cou o rse p ma y terials… class notes… schedules and party invitations. students love to copy. and we make it easier for them and for you by providing copy vending management to the university commu­ nity. in just over six years, we have earned a solid reputation among administrators and students for excellent service, quality copies and reasonable prices. so call or write today and let us show you how to increase uptime, lower book damage and theft, reduce staff involvement and ease maintenance worries. campus copies corporation telephone: 303-449-9247 an affiliate of kinko’s copies 4810 riverbend road boulder, colorado 80301 … a to the use o fs pace for information on this and other innovative furniture, please write or call mohawk midland manufacturing 7733 gross point road p.o. box 226 skokie, il 60076-0226 phone (312) 677-0333 telex 28-9429 © 1987, mohawk m idland m anufacturing better approach compact cambridge invites you to sample its line of six vital databases for 30 days at no cost and with no risk! after 30 days, if you are not fully satisfied that these outstanding databases belong in your facility, simply return the cd’s and that’s it. no strings. no hassles. four compact cambridge databases are now available: medline produced under license from the u.s. national library of medicine, compact cambridge medline offers complete coverage of the foremost database in the medical field. strongly recommended by the journal of the american medical association. asfa the aquatic sciences and fisheries abstracts database, published in cooperation with four un agencies, is a comprehensive guide to the science, technology, and management of marine and freshwater environments and organisms. life sciences collection exclusively from compact cambridge, this database brings together reports in 18 subject categories relating to the life sciences… including the first in-depth coverage of aids research available on cd! dq/physicians data query produced by the u.s. national cancer institute, pdq provides easy access to state-of-the-art cancer therapy and research. and two more important databases are coming this summer and fall: cancerlit (cancer literature) prepared by the national cancer institute, cancerlit gives quick, computerized access to published cancer literature from more than 3,000 biomedical journals. a superb resource for clinicians and researchers. the american society of hospital pharmacists produces this detailed database describing virtually every single-drug entity available in the united states. there’s simply no better cd rom database library available! to start vour no risk 30-day trial of any compact cambridge database, call toll free today: 1-800-843-7751. 7200 wisconsin avenue bethesda, md 20814 u.s.a. tel: (301) 961-6757 fax: (301) 961-6720 p structure bookmarks june 1988 / 389 • a new path: undergraduate libraries at united states and canadian universities, 1949-1987, by roland person (183 pages, april 1988), is a comprehensive description and analysis of the role of undergraduate libraries in the modern university and the goals upon which they were founded and continue to operate. person, assistant undergraduate librarian at southern illinois uni­versity, presents data on why some undergraduate libraries have failed and why others have suc­ceeded. copies may be ordered for $29.9 expanded subject index, and lengthier annotations. the emphasis is on currently available catalogs or serials; consequently no date is given indicating when particular items were first published. the cost is $20, from the special libraries association, 1700 eighteenth st., n.w., washington, dc 20009. isbn 0-87111-335-x.• yearbook of american universities and col­leges: academic year 1986-1987, edited by george thomas kurian (653 pages. may 1988), reviews the major topics in higher education for the past yea deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). if the second falls on a weekend, the deadline is the following mon­day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis af­ter the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for library has a materials budget of 1.5 million, acquires 12,000 + mon­ographs per year through firm orders and approval plans and sub­scribes to 5,200 periodicals. acquisitions librarian reports to the head of collection development. required: ala-accredited mls, experience supervising staff and managing projects, excellent com­munication and bibliographic skills and experience in or familiarity with acquisitions and binding processes. minimum salary is $24,000 for a 12 month appointment. fringe benefits inc 390 / c&rl news lections on oclc and related duties in completing online catalog database. initially annual term appointment for up to three years with possible reassignment at project end. will also assist in regular cata­loging department activities and the revision of work performed by paraprofessionals and students. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, effective interpersonal relationship skills, working knowledge of oclc, aacr2, dewey and lc classifications; demonstrated abil­ity to communicate effectively. desired qua sional service required for faculty rank and tenure. salary $38,000. 21 days vacation; tiaa/cref or state retirement plan; deferred compensation packages; life, health and dental insurance; univer­sity wellness program. send letter of application addressing above qualifications plus complete vita, and names, addresses and phone numbers of five recent professional references to: assistant dean’s search committee, dean’s office, msu libraries, montana state university, bozeman, mt 59717-0022; (406) 994-3119. library systems analystuniversity of southern californiathe university of southern california libraries is seeking a library systems analyst. reports to head of bibliographic information services. assists with technical management of library’s integrated automated system (geac), and user support. geac includes acquisitions, circulation, marc records management and public online catalog modules. responsibilities include software support and analysis, preparation of program specifications, preparation and mai june 1988 / 391 ference, innovacq acquisitions. minimum requirements: alaaccredited mls; 5 years progressively responsible library experi­ence; strong oral/written communication skills; progressive attitude toward information services; commitment to team management; ability to work with faculty, staff, administrators; evidence of profes­sional initiative, planning, motivating, leading. preferred: subject masters; current public services, collection development, online cat­alog, online searching experience; staff, communi tuted. knowledge of the goals and activities of a research-oriented university and the ability to work effectively with its clientele; evi­dence of research orientation and potential to engage in scholarly research. preferred: professional experience in an academic or re­search library. preference will be given to individuals whose subject backgrounds complement those of current library staff. desired: ex­perience in reference services, collection development, cataloging, and computer-based bibliographic se dean of library servicesuniversity of new orleansthe university of new orleans invites applications and nominations for the position of dean of library services. uno, a comprehensive urban university which is part of the louisiana state university system, has a faculty of over 500 and an enrollment of more than 16,000 students. uno offers a bachelor’s degree in 60 fields of study, the master’s in 55, and doctorate in chemistry, education, political science, psychology and financial economics. the library ha 392 / c&rl news minimum of 2 years relevant experience in a large academic or re­search library. successful supervisory experience including training and budget responsibilities; broad knowledge of preservation based on work experience, equivalent coursework, or related training; abil­ity to plan and implement projects and to work independently; strong oral and written communication skills, demonstrated ability to work effectively with staff at all levels, representatives of other institutions, and the public. desired: rea a large suburban university. responsibilities: bibliographic instruc­tion, collection development, database searching and general refer­ence. qualifications: ala-accredited master’s degree in library and/or information science; business degree or professional busi­ness experience desirable. professional reference and database searching experience preferred; instructional skills essential. tenure track position with faculty rank, 12-month contract, excellent fringe benefit package. salary to $25,000 dependin manuscripts & archivesapplications are invited for the position of li­brarian v/specialist v (curator) in the rare books and manuscripts division/manuscripts and archives section of the research libraries.working under the general direction of the assistant director for rare books & manu­scripts, the selected individual will supervise the day-to-day operation of the manuscripts and archives section, including assisting in the se­lection, assignment and training of staff; evalu­ating procedures and organizat librarian ix assistant director cataloging divisionthe new york public library seeks an indi­vidual with substantial experience in cataloging and classification of library materials.the selected candidate will be responsible for the overall administration of the cataloging division of the research libraries, which in­cludes original and copy cataloging of mono­graphs and serials and comprises a staff of more than 50. this individual will also partici­pate in formulating policy in the area of catalog­ing and june 1988 / 393 cataloger, law school library. this position is primarily responsible for original and copy cataloging of monographs and se­rials for the anglo-american and east asian collections in the law school library. materials are in english, chinese and japanese. the incumbent will also supervise two support-staff copy catalogers working in english, chinese and japanese. in addition to an accred­ited mls, requirements are: working knowledge of either chinese or japanese; aptitude for analytical and detail work; and cataloger. responsible for original and complex copy catalog­ing of monographs on oclc according to aacr2; descriptive and subject cataloging using lc classification and subject headings; and appropriate authority work. will also be involved in implementing a new installation of notis as part of the cuny + plus online inte­grated library system. ala-accredited mls for appointment in the rank of instructor; an additional subject master’s degree for appoint­ment in the rank of assistant professor required. tw four positionsauburn universityscience & technology department head. along with four librarians and support personnel, provides reference, collection development, bibliographic instruction, and online services. the head has administrative responsibility for the department and assists the assistant university librarian for reference and information services and six other department heads in coordinating collections and services. broad experience in science librarianship required. proven scholarly record, pro 394 / c&rl news education librarian. the wichita state university library is seeking a librarian who will act as subject specialist for the college of education. this librarian will assist users directly at the central refer­ence desk, participate in the bibliographic instruction and collection development programs, provide computer searches, and partici­pate in reference department decision-making and library and uni­versity activities. the successful candidate will be service oriented, able to work effectively with stude ing the selection, training, and evaluation of departmental staff. provides leadership in developing effective access to and use of in­formation sources in the department and in the provision of new in­formation sources. assumes a leadership role in developing librarywide services and policies related to use of government publications and maps. maintains awareness of national and university of califor­nia systemwide issues regarding government publications and maps, communicates these issues within the li june 1988 / 395 director of the bio-medical libraryuniversity of minnesotageneral description: the director of the bio-medical library is responsible for the administration of the university of minnesota bio-medical library which interacts closely with and supports the teaching pro­grams of the schools of medicine, dentistry, nursing, public health, the college of pharmacy, certain bio­logical sciences, and the university hospital and clinic. the bio-medical library is located in the health sciences complex on the universi 396 / c&rl news master’s or doctorate desirable. twelve-month appointment; faculty status and expectations. minimum salary is $25,000. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and telephone num­bers of three references to: susan h. smith, head of government publications search committee, williams library, university of mississippi, university, ms 38677. an equal opportunity, affirma­tive action employer.head of systems and operations to direct bibliographic control, collection development, serials, and auto pus except for medical and psychology programs. the head of the library will supervise and evaluate a staff of two professionals and two classified staff and bear responsibility for reference collection management, reference service, circulation, reserve, binding of cur­rent journals, an online search service, the determination of library hours, and management of the robotics information center. the head of the science and technology library will also collect appro­priate statistics, analyze service needs, systems librariannew mexico state university(search reopened.) nmsu enrolls over 14,000 students in 70 major undergraduate areas, 42 master’s degree and 19 doctoral degree programs. celebrating its 100th birthday, nmsu is the land-grant institu­tion for new mexico. the 5,800-acre campus is located in southern new mexico on the high desert in the city of las cruces. located 40 miles from el paso, texas, at the southern edge of the rocky mountains, the area enjoys abundant sunshine, a balmy climate, and yet i june 1988 / 397 $5,000,000. the libraries participate in amigos/oclc, dialog, and brs, and are installing the notis automated system. salary and benefits: $26,000 annual minimum salary, dependent on qualifi­cations and experience. benefits include state contribution to health insurance premiums, payment of 88 percent of social security pre­miums for the first $16,500 of annual salary for a total of $965.00, and 8.5 percent of annual salary contributed by the state to match the employee contribution of 6.65 percent for opti services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. the university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, af­firmative action employer.humanities librarian, university of california, berkeley. de­velop and manage extensive range of english language humanities collections excluding art and history and serve as library liaison with faculty and graduate students. select current and retrospective ma­terials, perform various kinds of collection evaluation, provide refer­ence service and bibli 398 / c&rl news library geography/geology collection. qualifications: graduate de­gree from a program accredited by the american library associa­tion required. background in geography or cartography desirable. knowledge of marc cataloging practices, preferably on oclc. knowledge of reference and acquisitions sources for cartographic and geographic materials. good oral and written communications skills. the position will be available july 1, 1988. salary $19,000-$22,000, depending on qualifications. an eeo/aa em­ployer. to mellon intern for preservation administration, university of michigan. responsible for expansion of the library’s preservation program in the divisional and branch libraries. outlines a broad preservation program for a specific collection, with particu­lar attention to the replacement/reformatting of brittle books; de­velops and oversees implementation of procedures and workflows; develops and presents training modules for divisional library staff; writes narrative and statistical reports and other document three positionstexas a&m universityu.s. documents and patents librarian. provides comprehensive reference assistance, with an emphasis on u.s. documents and patents, from a collection of u.s. and texas state documents and technical reports. maintains depository collections of u.s. documents and u.s. patents. assists in use of gpo/le-pac, ntis and other cd-rom products. supervises two support staff. assists with bibliographic instruction, and computerized reference services and car-search services within the june 1988 / 399 user education program, and in disaster preparedness and recover training program. in addition, will be responsible for overseeing spe­cial projects as assigned; preparation of samples and surveys as needed; participation in planning and implementing grant-based ini­tiatives. supervision of staff and student employees may be required in carrying out responsibilities. reports to associate preservation li­brarian. required: mls. minimum of 5 years’ post-mls experience; ability to plan and implement projects a art history; working knowledge of 1 or more european languages; 3 years increasingly responsible professional experience in a mu­seum, research, or academic library. preferred: ma in art history or related degree. benefits: full benefit package, including vacation and sick/personal leave, health and life insurance, retirement plan. salary: minimum $25,000. send resume with letter and names of 3 references by 15 august 1988 to: search committee, the chrysler museum, olney road & mowbray arch, norfolk, va 235 two positionspurdue universityforeign literature bibliographer/reference librarian. requirements: mls (alaaccredited). minimum of 2 years academic library experience in collection development and maintenance in humanities, including foreign languages and literature. desired qualifications: collection development/ maintenance experience with library materials in all formats; reference experience; advanced degree, ph.d preferred, in either comparative literature or one of the following modern literatures: s 400 / c&rl news equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.public services librarian/microcomputer special­ist (search extended). responsibilities include the computerization of the internal operations of the library. additional responsibilities in­clude: supervision of the periodicals department and shared re­sponsibilities in the public service area, including: reference, library use instruction, and collection development. an ala-accredited mls and a minimum of three years’ professional experience with a working kno sibilities include coordination and provision of reference desk ser­vice, bibliographic instruction, and computer searching. implemen­tation of online catalog services; some collection development. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, strong instructional, interper­sonal, and organizational skills, and minimum of 3 years reference experience required. teaching experience desirable. salary mini­mum of $24,000. send resume and names of 3 references by june 30,1988, to: andrea hoffman, library director, wheeloc june 1988 / 401 serials cataloger (search reopened). responsible for cata­loging and classifying print serials in all subject areas. supervises the serials cataloging unit of two fte technical assistants and two stu­dent assistants. the unit is also responsible for the creation and maintenance of local data records for the arkansas union list of seri­als via the oclc serials control subsystem and for recording local holdings information on the shelflist. participation in automation plan­ning may also be required. position and several student assistants. qualifications include knowledge of lc classification and subject headings, oclc and aacr2. an alaaccredited mls and two years academic library experience catalog­ing serials or similar materials are required. good interpersonal and communication skills are important. familiarity with government documents and microcomputers is desirable. the university of west florida is part of the state university system and participates in the statewide automation system using notis soft late job listingsassociate head librarian, simon’s rock of bard college. to supervise library services at the simon’s rock college library and coordinate services with the library program at bard college. principal responsibilities include the direction of technical reader services and budget preparation, planning and implementation of automated systems, ‘database searching, collection development, and bibliographic instruction. mls from an alaaccredited program; minimum five years’ experience related to 402 / c&rl news classification, lcsh, and marc formats for bibliographic and authority records. the department consists of an original cataloging unit and a copy cataloging unit. due to the retirement of three long-term catalogers and another opening, four original cataloging positions are now available. head, original cataloging unit. the unit head serves as cataloging expert and policymaker, trainer of new original catalogers, and supervisor of the unit. substantial cataloging experience, including authority work, requir june 1988 / 403 rarian. responsibilities: reporting to head of the bibliographic services department, provides coordination of database management and related activities. oversees bibliographic and material holdings linking functions and solves bibliographic and automated system problems. assigns, trains, and revises support staff performing bibliographic control and database maintenance work. provides bibliographic records (original and adaptive) for materials in a wide range of subjects and formats. contributes to depart 404 / c&rl news four positions, ferris state university. two library faculty positions at assistant professor level‚ $25,000 minimum: 1. cataloger, library systems and operations department for bibliographic control of monographs, retrospective conversion, and catalog maintenance, coordinating a team of eight or more, using oclc and implementing library automation of all access and control functions. required: mls or equivalent from a library/information science program accredited by the ala, and a combination of relevant june 1988 / 405 department, maintains a large and increasingly significant collection of machine readable data files obtained through participation in the georgia state data center (u.s. census) and the inter-university consortium for political and social research (icpsr) as well as from commerical suppliers. (salary minimum $18,700). the successful candidate may have the opportunity to participate in an intensive professional development program. duites: the government documents/data services reference librarian is a new 406 / c&rl news filled. bgsu is a comprehensive university, enrolling approximately 14,000 undergraduates and 3,000 graduate students. bgsu is an aa/eoc employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply.government documents reference librarian, university of oklahoma. library faculty vacancy. duties: under the general direction of the head of the reference department, this position is responsible for the management of the government publications collections including federal, state, and international documents. this p june 1988 / 407 preferred. proficiency in one or more foreign languages desirable. twelve month faculty appointment. salary and rank (assistant or associate professor) commensurate with experience and qualifications. send letter of application, resume and names and phone numbers of three references to: barbara j. brown, university librarian, washington & lee university, lexington, va 24450. equal opportunity employer. applications received before june 20, 1988, will receive first consideration.head, school of library and i 408 / c&rl news writing. prefer experience with online catalogs and online serials control systems. public service experience. serials catalog experience. salary and rank is commensurate with qualifications and experience. range: $28,000$34,000. deadline july 5, 1988. send resume with cover letter and names of three references to: judy wernicke, personnel assistant, 640 langsam library, university of cincinnati, cincinnati, oh 45221-0033. the university of cincinnati is an aa/eoe.head, social sciences and humanities depa june 1988 / 409 begins july 15, 1988, and continues until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: larry hardesty, library director, eckerd college, box 12560, st. petersburg, fl 33733-2560. an equal opportunity employer.librarian. historic mount vernon offers an excellent opportunity for an energetic, dynamic individual to assume a leadership role in the management of mount vernon’s library. the primary responsibility is the management, acquisition, organization, and conser 410 / c&rl news and in science). qualifications: required: fifth year degree from an accredited library school; reading knowledge of icelandic and one modem scandinavian language. preferred: one year of cataloging experience using aacr2, lc classification and lcsh; experience with the marc communications format and automated systems (rlin, notis preferred); other language ability, especially german, dutch, another scandinavian language; evidence of professional commitment. salary: $19,500 minimum. apply to: please send cov june 1988 / 411 volusia avenue, daytona beach, fl 32015. eoe m/f.reference librarian for fine arts. reporting to the head of general reference, the librarian will manage a fine arts reference unit within the main library. collection includes reference materials in art, architecture, music and dance. duties include supervision of full and part-time employees, reference work in fine arts with students, faculty and members of the community, collection development as assigned, library instruction, database searching. required: love to ccouorse pmayterials…class notes…schedules and party invitations. students love to copy. and we make it easier for them and for you by providing copy vending management to the university commu­nity. in just over six years, we have earned a solid reputation among administrators and students for excellent service, quality copies and reasonable prices. so call or write today and let us show you how to increase uptime, lower book damage and theft, reduce staff involvement and ease maintenance worries.ca … a to the use ofs pacefor information on this and other innovative furniture, please write or callmohawk midland manufacturing 7733 gross point road p.o. box 226 skokie, il 60076-0226phone (312) 677-0333 telex 28-9429© 1987, mohawk midland manufacturingbetter approach compact cambridge invites you to sample its line of six vital databases for 30 days at no cost and with no risk!after 30 days, if you are not fully satisfied that these outstanding databases belong in your facility, simply return the cd’s and that’s it. no strings. no hassles.four compact cambridge databases are now available:medlineproduced under license from the u.s. national library of medicine, compact cambridge medline offers complete coverage of the foremost database in the medical field. strongly rec science, technology, and management of marine and freshwater environments and organisms.life sciences collectionexclusively from compact cambridge, this database brings together reports in 18 subject categories relating to the life sciences…including the first in-depth coverage of aids research available on cd!dq/physicians data queryproduced by the u.s.national cancer institute, pdq provides easy access to state-of-the-art cancer therapy and research.and two more important databases are coming this summer gives quick, computerized access to published cancer literature from more than 3,000 biomedical journals. a superb resource for clinicians and researchers.the american society of hospital pharmacists produces this detailed database describing virtually every single-drug entity available in the united states.there’s simply no better cdrom database library available! to start vour norisk 30-day trial of any compact cambridge database, call toll free today: 1-800-843-7751.7200 wisconsin avenue bethesda, md acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries keynote speakers (including toni carbo bear man, frank g. burke, ching-chih chen, and rear admiral grace m. hopper), and demon­ strations, with representatives from 18 coun­ tries. c ontact: conference ’87 c oordinator, aum library administration, montgomery, al 36193-0401; (205) 244-9202. 13-17, 20-24—automation: second annual l i­ brary automation institute, graduate school of library studies, university of hawaii at manoa. two sessions: “ implementing and m anaging automated library systems” and “ implement­ ing and managing automated circulation sys­ tems.” the first session will be taught by john corbin, assistant director for automation and systems at the university of houston, while the second session will be covered by hawaii librari­ ans who have extensive experience in the auto­ mation of the state and university library sys­ tems. fees: first session, $165; second session, $120. contact: university of hawaii at manoa, graduate school of library studies, 2550 the m all, h am ilton l ib ra ry 22, h onolulu, hi 96822; (808) 948-7321. 20-22—media technology: 22d annual media t echnology c on feren ce, u niversity of wisconsin-stout, menomonie. theme: “ chal­ lenge and change: futures for media special­ ists.” fee: $50 for full conference; $9 for dinner theslfa sdaidci se deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl and piggus roastum on july 21. at the dinner david p. barnard, retiring dean for learning re­ sources and conference chairperson, will be hon­ ored. contact: marilyn mars, assistant to the d ean for learning resources, university of wisconsin-stout, menomonie, wi 54751; (715) 232-2346. november 2 -3 —lin x : faxon’s sixth annual lin x users’ meeting, sheraton boston hotel. theme: “ con­ nections: optimizing information links.” con­ tact: the faxon company, 15 southwest park, westwood, ma 02090; (617) 329-3350. 6-8—personnel: 29th allerton institute, allerton conference center, monticello, illinois, spon­ sored by the university of illinois g rad u ate school of library and information science, will focus on “ critical issues in personnel manage­ ment.” among the topics covered will be collec­ tive bargaining, performance evaluation, wage and salary administration, employee turnover, and worker productivity. the speakers include sheila creth, fred duda, charles martell, mau­ reen sullivan, kathleen heim, and james neal. contact: university of illinois g slis, 410 david kinley hall, 1407 w. gregory drive, urbana, il 61801; (217) 333-3280. ■ ■ news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising d ep’t, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. positions open assistant reference librarian-intern, south dakota state university (10 month, term appointment, renewable up to four years). performs general reference services; shares responsibility for bibliographic instruction and online searching; assists in ill verifi­ cation and reference collection development. this position is de­ signed for a recent library school graduate who wishes to gain aca­ demic library experience while pursuing a second master’s degree. required: ala-accredited mls (earned by august 31, 1987); coursework and/or experience with online bibliographic searching. minimum salary $17,500, with standard benefits. application dead­ line july 10,1987, or until filled. tentative starting date september 1, 1987. send resume, which addresses specific job qualifications, and have transcripts and three recent letters of recommendation (which describe applicant’s job-related qualifications) sent directly to: mary caspers, chair of reference search committee, south dakota state university library, box 2115, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. bibliographer: fine arts, language, literature. search reopened. the university of akron is seeking a bibliographer to develop an information collection, in consultation with departmen­ tal faculty, to support the teaching, research and service programs of the university in the area of the fine arts. selects library materials, monitors expenditures, prepares collection policies, and evaluates the collection. provides reference service and bibliographic instruc­ tion and conducts online searches. serves as liaison between the li­ brary and the fine arts academic departments of the university. qual­ ifications: mls from an ala-accredited school and second master’s degree in art, music, theatre, dance, literature, modern foreign lanju n e 1987 / 361 362 / c&rl news guages, or communications are required. public services library ex­ perience required; academic preferred. candidates with a back­ ground in the creative arts will be given special consideration. reading knowledge of one or more modern foreign languages is preferred. must have strong written and oral communication skills and potential for active participation in academic and professional affairs. this is a 12-month tenure track position with appointment as instructor or assistant professor, depending upon qualifications; 22 days vacation with standard benefits package. salary: $20,000-$24,500. to apply send a letter of application with resume and three references by july 15, 1987 to: anne peterson, fine arts search committee, bierce library, university of akron, akron, oh 44325. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. the univer­ sity of akron is an equal education and employment institution. bibliographer for physical, computer & engineer­ ing sciences, the university of maryland libraries, college park. the university of maryland libraries in college park invites nomina­ tions and applications for a newly developed bibliographer position. the position will be responsible for developing library collections to support campus curricula, teaching, and research in: mathematics, computer science, chemistry, astronomy, physics, geology, transportation studies, meteorology, and engineering. nature of collection development includes: analysis of collections for strengths and weaknesses; formulation and application of collecting policies; monitoring of expenditures; developing and maintaining close work­ ing relationships with faculty and other users, with the book trade world, and with other library employees. qualifications: required: mls from ala-accredited program. minimum of one year experi­ ence in collection development. degree in one of the following sub­ ject areas: mathematics, computer science, chemistry, astronomy, physics, geology, transportation studies, meteorology, and engi­ neering. working knowledge of one of the following languages: french, german, italian or russian. preferred: collection develop­ ment experience in arl library including collection analysis, collec­ tion development policy formulation and application; work experi­ ence in dealing with the book trade world; demonstrated ability to interact effectively with library staff and diverse clientele; and ability to communicate effectively in oral and written form. salary: $21,428 minimum. salary commensurate with experience. excellent bene­ fits. for full consideration, submit resume and names/addresses of 3 references by june 30,1987, to: virginia sojdehei, personnel librar­ ian, mckeldin library, university of maryland, college park, md 20742. aa/eoe. catalog librarian, department head. 12 month tenure track, faculty appointment with rank and salary dependent on qualifi­ cations (salary range: $22,738-$33,818). qualifications: ala accredite d mls; three years recent post-mls experience; experience with oclc or other major utility, lc classification/subject headings, aacr2, marc formats, automated systems, and demon­ strated supervisory skills. desired: academic experience, experi­ ence with retrospective conversion, familiarity with microcomputer applications, working knowledge of one or more western european languages. additional graduate degree is desired and expected for tenure. closing date: july 20,1987. send letter of application includ­ ing complete statement of qualifications, resume and names, ad­ dresses and phone numbers of three work-related references to: head of monographic cataloging department the university of texas at arlington the university of texas at arlington libraries invite applications for the position of head of the mono­ graphic cataloging department. located in the dallas/fort worth metroplex, the university has a current enrollment of approximately 23,000 and offers 97 degrees, 18 at the ph.d. level. the libraries’ staff num­ bers over 100 and the 1986/87 budget was $5 million. the general collections are 650,000 volumes and u.s. g.p.o. numbers 450,000 items. notis is being installed and will be operational in the fall of 1987. the monographic cataloging department consists of 14 staff members, 6 professionals and 8 parapro­ fessionals, processing 20,000 titles annually. this department head reports to the assistant director for technical services. responsibilities: directs and coordinates the operations of the department, including the implementation of administrative decisions and policies. responsible for monographic book and non­ book cataloging and management of catalogs. monitors quality of catalog records for a wide variety of materials including maps, audio-visual materials, and music. oversees cataloging for the special collec­ tions division. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; minimum of 5 years cataloging experience in an aca­ demic library with at least 2 years progressive supervisory experience; recent experience in using aacr2 and pre—aacr2 cataloging codes, lc subject headings and classification, and cataloging experience with major bibliographic utility such as oclc or rlin; demonstrated organizational ability and effective com­ munication skills. desired qualifications: experience in cataloging on notis, reading knowledge of at least one modern european language with spanish preferred, knowledge of serials cataloging, experience in implementing an automated system, and a second graduate degree in an academic discipline. salary and benefits: salary dependent upon qualifications with a minimum of $23,500 for 12 months. state contributes to insurance premiums and contributes a percentage of social security. retirement bene­ fits under the teacher retirement system of texas or an optional retirement plan such as tiaa/cref (state contributes 8.5%), and an average of 14 paid holidays plus vacation. applications: position available no­ vember 1,1987. send letter of application and resume, including names and addresses of 3 references, by july 31, 1987, to: chair search committee for head of monographic cataloging department administrative offices university of texas at arlington libraries p.o.box 19497 arlington, tx 76019 the university of texas at arlington is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. june 1987 / 363 catalog librarian search committee, c/o dean of library services, library, central washington university, ellensburg, wa 98926. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer, title ix institution. catalog librarian, san diego state university library. re­ sponsibilities: cataloging in all aspects of science and technology. responsibilities may also include collection development, refer­ ence, online bibliographic searching, library instruction, committee work, and other duties as assigned. qualifications: mls from ala accredited institution or equivalent degree; knowledge of marc for­ mats, lc classification, lc subject headings, and aacr2; profes­ sional cataloging in an academic library, preferably using oclc; bachelor’s or advanced degree in the physical or biological sciences preferred; working knowledge of a western european language de­ sirable. full-time, tenure-track faculty position; reappointment, pro­ motion and tenure require evidence of continuing professional de­ velopment. rank of senior assistant librarian or associate librarian. salary range is $29,643-$45,100. to ensure consider­ ation, applications should be received by july 6,1987. desired start­ ing date is september 1,1987, but the position will remain available until filled. please send letter of application, resume, and names of at least three references to: gerald d. palsson, assistant university li­ brarian for administrative services, ref: cat, san diego state uni­ versity library, san diego, ca 92182-0511. sdsu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity, title ix employer. cataloger. motivated self-starter with demonstrated teamwork ability to be responsible for original cataloging of monographs, a lo­ cal history collection, editing non-library of congress copy from the oclc database, series decisions, name authority work, reviewing original and edited oclc printout for the afghanistan collection. in­ tegrated library system planned. required: ala-accredited mls. knowledge of lc classification, lc subject headings and oclc or similar cataloging utility. one year’s professional experience mini­ mum. preferred: reading knowledge of german. working knowl­ edge of online integrated systems. salary: $18,000-$19,000 mini­ mum, higher depending on qualifications. tenure-track, supportive environment for scholarship and service, tiaa/cref, 24 days’ an­ nual leave. send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 refer­ ences no later than august 31, 1987, to: ella jane bailey, chair, technical services department, university library, university of nebraska at omaha, omaha, ne 68182-0237. aa, eoe. catalogers. search reopened for two monographic catalogers. positions currently available. responsible for descriptive and sub­ ject cataloging of monographic materials, including specialized and non-book items, using library of congress classification and subject headings and aacr2 rules. one position will also be responsible for the cataloging of music materials and recordings. a progressive rec­ ord of professional scholarly achievement is expected of all librari­ ans. required: ala-accredited mls. preferred: experience in monographic cataloging of western publications in a variety of sub­ ject areas using library of congress classification and subject head­ ings, and aacr2, preferably in an academic library; the ability to work with foreign languages, particularly french and german; the ability to catalog non-print and specialized materials; expertise in use of marc tagging, and bibliographic utilities, preferably wln. in ad­ dition, prior experience in music cataloging will be desirable for one position. rank: librarian ii. salary: commensurate with qualifica­ tions and experience. tiaa/cref, broad insurance programs. send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, assistant director for administrative services, li­ braries, washington state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application deadline is august 1,1987. washington state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. collection development librarian (search reopened) northern michigan university is a public regional state university of 7,500 students and 900 employees located in michigan’s upper pe­ ninsula on the shore of lake superior. olson library contains over 400,000 volumes, subscribes to over 2,900 serials, and houses both a-v and depository documents collections. this new position is re­ sponsible for implementing, monitoring, coordinating, and evaluat­ ing the collection development program, which encompasses print materials, both monographic and serial, and non-print materials. ma­ terials selection duties include management of an approval plan. re­ ports to the director of the library. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; at least two years substantial collection development experi­ ence in an academic library; thorough knowledge of trends and is­ sues in academic collection development and book selection; effec­ tive oral and written communication skills; ability to work effectively with faculty, students, and colleagues; skill in analyzing and inter­ preting statistical data; familiarity with automated library systems de­ sirable; second master’s degree highly desirable. faculty status, tenure-track. salary: $23,000 minimum; depends upon experience and qualifications. submit nominations or letter of application with re­ sume, three letters of recommendation, copies of credentials and transcripts to: director’s office, olson library, northern michigan 364 / c &r l news gram; working knowledge of the latest developments in computer reference services; expertise on the protocols and contents of biblio­ graphic, numeric, and textual databases; reference experience in an academic or research library; strong interpersonal, communication, planning, and organizational skills; and instructional and in-service training ability. desirable qualifications: ability to integrate auto­ mated with traditional reference skills in an academic library; serve as a resource person; experience in training searchers, computer assisted instruction, and end-user training. appointment level: pro­ bationary (tenure track) position at the senior assistant or associate librarian rank with a salary range of $29,640 to $45,096 depending upon qualifications. write for a detailed vacancy announcement. ap­ plication procedures: send a letter (postmarked no later than july 15, 1987) addressing the above qualifications, a current resume, and names and addresses of three references to: joyce ball, univer­ sity librarian, california state university, sacramento, the li­ brary, 2000 jed smith drive, sacramento, ca 95819-2695. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. university, marquette, ml 49855-5376. deadline for applications: july 1, 1987. starting date: september 1, 1987. an aa/eo em­ ployer. computer reference services librarian, california state university, sacramento. the computer reference services li­ brarian reports to the associate university librarian for public ser­ vices and is responsible for coordinating the planning, implementa­ tion, and administration of library computer information services at departmental and library-wide levels. this includes managing the computer reference services center; providing instructional and in service educational activities; and coordinating policy development. in addition, must be able to provide general reference service and participate in scholarly activities. minimum qualifications: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school or its equivalent; minimum two years experience in library computer reference services; experience in the coordination and management of a library-wide or department computer reference services pro­ director, science and engineering library state university of new york at buffalo (associate librarian/librarian). the sunyab libraries seek applications for the position of director, sci­ ence and engineering library (sel). this is a tenure track, library faculty position with a minimum salary of $40,000. ub is the largest of the suny university centers with an enrollment of over 27,000 students. ub’s li­ braries rank among the nation’s major research library systems. combined holdings of over two million volumes are housed in seven major libraries. the libraries participate in rlg, arl, oclc, and crl. a geac automated circulation system is operational; an ils is imminent. sel serves the needs of faculty and students of several of the largest and most research and publication oriented of ub’s faculty divisions. sel’s collections include 400,000 volumes, 1.4 million microfiche, and 2,000 journal subscriptions. its annual acquisitions budget is over $630,000. it has a staff of seven profes­ sionals, four clericals, and numerous student assistants. the director of sel is the senior administrator of the library and its three branches. the director of sel reports to the director of university libraries and serves on the libraries’ management advisory group which is responsible for system-wide strategic planning and policy making. candidates must be creative, innovative managers with demonstrated experience in library problem solving. they must have an mls from an ala-accredited institution, five years of public services experi­ ence in an academic or research library, and two years of managerial experience at the level of department head or higher. advanced degrees in relevant fields are highly desirable. applicants must understand research library collection development issues, access services, biblio­ graphic instruction, and scientific research methods. they must have demonstrated their ability to plan and implement library services and develop efficient outreach to library users. effective communication skills are required. a candidate’s vita must include a body of relevant research. experience in writing successful grant applications and managing grant funded projects is highly desirable, as is a familiarity with computer and information technology. the director of sel must be skilled at managing budgets, personnel, systems, and facilities and must analyze, evaluate, and set priorities for the efficient use of staff and funds. the director must develop and maintain channels of communication with the deans, department chairs, and individual faculty members served by the library; the director must keep current with new areas of research and academic program priorities. finally, the director will be responsible for developing the sel staff; recruiting talented staff with a sensitivity for ub’s commitment to affirmative action; supporting staff training, development, and research efforts; and evaluating staff for reappointment, promotion, and merit increases. interested and qualified individuals should forward letters of application and resumes including the names of at least four references to: m.e. state assistant to director for personnel suny/buffalo university libraries 432 capen hall buffalo, ny 14260 eo/aa employer; ethnic minorities and women are encouraged to apply. june 1987 / 365 research library the new y o ork pu p blic l p ibrar o y cu r rren t tly u has p n ositio i n t s op i e e n fo s r: deputy director the research libraries responsibilities include planning, administering, and managing operations within the four research libraries. this will include consulting with the research library’s management team on administrative, operations, and technical issues, reviewing and developing grant proposals, and recommen­ ding in-service improvements. a masters degree in library science is required; graduate degree in humanities, history, or the social sciences desirable. solid experience in large research library operations or a related field is essential. background must reflect supervisory, managerial, and administrative exper­ tise in progressively responsible positions. budget, organizational, and com­ mun a ica ss tio oc ns s ia kil te ls sh d ou i ld r e be c e t x o c r ep ti p on r a e l. p sala ar ry a : t m io inim n u services m $65,000. the research libraries responsibilities include administering, coordinating and providing leader­ ship for technical services support activities within the research libraries; as well as supervising and evaluating personnel, equipment, and space needs. a masters degree in library science is required, as is substantial experience in research libraries operations. knowledge in the following areas is essen­ tial: preservation, cataloging, physical processing, acquisitions. demonstrated managerial skill, particularly in budgeting, planning, and staffing is necessary. training and/or experience in library automation, computer networking and systems analysis are highly desirable. excellent interpersonal and leadership skills are expected. salary: minimum $50,530. these positions offer salaries commensurate with experience and excellent benefit packages. preliminary interviews can be conducted at the american library association conference in june. to apply, send resume, indicating position applying for, including salary history to: patricia dobbins, employ­ ment & placement administrator, dept cbl587, the new york public library, 8 west 40th street, new york, n.y. 10018. application deadline: july 4, 1987. the new york public library w h e r e your f u t u r e is an o p e n b o o k an equal opportunity employer m /f 366 / c&rl news director of learning resources center (lrc). reo­ pened. pìans/directs all lrc services, cataloging, acquisitions, av services. mls degree: 2 years' teaching experience: 5 years’ higher education lrc experience, preferably community college setting; 5 years’ lrc managerial experience required. instructional television fixed service (ifts), teleconferencing, other alternative delivery sys­ tems experience preferred. ability to supervise facuíty/staff, work co­ operatively with other college units. knowledge of automated system. must communicate effectively orally and in writing. salary: $30,000-$40,000 per annum. submit current resume, letter of appli­ cation, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3-5 refer­ ences to: thomas j. maney, dean of instruction, nícolet college, p.o.b. 518, rhinelander, wl 54501. application deadline june 30, 1987, with screening to begin july 1. an appointment will be made as soon as possible thereafter. engineering and physical sciences librarian. the university of nevada-reno library seeks an energetic, creative, flex­ ible librarian to administer the engineering library (30,000 volumes) and the physical sciences library (27,000 volumes). additional as­ signments include collection development and online searching for engineering programs in the mines library. responsibilities: refer­ ence, online searching, collection development, supportstaff super­ vision, bibliographic and end-user instruction. acts as liaison with coliege of engineering and chemistry and physics departments. reports to head of branch libraries. required qualifications: ala accredited mls; sdence/engineering background and/or experi­ ence; public service experience in academic/special library; ad­ vanced computer searching skills and substantial microcomputer experience; strong communication, interpersonal, supervisory skills. faculty status requires librarians to meet faculty standards for ap­ pointment, promotion and tenure. preferred qualifications: experi­ ence with bibliographic instruction, library automation and other technological innovations and space and new facilities planning; col­ lection development experience in chemisty/engineerîng/physics; college course work in chemistry. salary open depending upon qualifications and experience (minimum: $27,320). 12 month ap­ pointment; tiaa/cref; 24 days vacation. open september 1,1987. mountains, desert, lakes, 5 hours by car from san francisco. send letter of application, resume and names and addresses of three ref­ erences to: ruth h. donovan, associate director, university of nevada-reno library, reno, nv 89557, by july 15, 1987. an aafeeo employer. head, acquisitions department, the center for research libraries. the center for research libraries, a major inter-library co­ operative serving its member research libraries with a collection de­ signed to complement and supplement their own, seeks a head of acquisitions department. qualified candidates will have a master's degree in library science, five years’ progressively responsible expe­ rience in a university or large research library, knowledge of acquisi­ tions practices and procedures, especially as related to the acquisi­ tion of foreign materials, and prior supervisory experience. we offer an excellent benefit package, including tiaa/cref, and a salary range of $25,400 to $38,200. persons wishing to apply for this posi­ tion should submit a letter of application, including salary require­ ments, and list of three references to: linda whittington, personnel officer, the center for research libraries, 6050 south ken­ wood, chicago, il 60637. equal opportunity employer m/f. head, catalog department, university of oklahoma. li­ brary faculty vacancy. duties: under the genera! direction of the di­ rector, library technical services, this position is responsible for the management of the catalog department including the following functions: original cataloging, copy cataloging, catalog mainte­ nance, reclassification, retrospective conversion, name and subject authority work, and marking; supervises four full-time librarians, eleven classified staff, and numerous student assistants; responsible for planning, review, and implementation of services, procedures, and programs; responsible for the creation and maintenance of bib­ liographic records for the libraries’ local database; coordinates oclc and rlin online cataloging and special projects related to the dataphase system. qualifications: required: mls from ala accredited library school; five years progressively responsible cata­ loging experience in an academic library including two or more years supervisory experience; significant knowledge and experi­ ence with major bibliographic utility, aacr2, lc classification and subject headings; knowledge of at least one european language. desirable; knowledge and experience with development of online assistant chief, overseas operations division library of congress gs-1410-15; $53,830-$69,976. the library of congress is seeking candidates for the position of assistant chief, overseas operations division, to assist in the planning and operational responsibility for the overseas programs which include six re­ gional offices in brazil, egypt, india, indonesia, kenya, and pakistan. minimum qualifications in­ clude high level specialized experience in acquisi­ tions, collections development, and related pro­ grams as applied in a major research library. one year must have been at a level comparable to the gs-14level. for additional information, interested candidates are invited to write vacancy announcement 70284, to: the library of congress recruitment and placement office washington, dc 20540 or to call the office at (202) 287-5620. applications must be on forms provided by the library. the library is an equal oportunity employer. h52749. june 1987 / 367 catalog system; experience with retrospective conversion projects; demonstrated leadership abilities and supervisory skills; strong inter­ personal and communication skills; reading knowledge of additional foreign languages; second master's degree and/or additional post graduate work. deadline for applications; june 30,1987. available; september 1,1987. salary; $25,000 or more according to qualifica­ tions. benefits; tiaa/cref; state retirement system; comprehen­ sive medical protection; 21 days vacation; university holidays; gen­ erous sick leave. application; send letter of application with resume and the names of three references including current supervisor to; donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, university li­ braries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. the univer­ sity of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. head of acquisitions (search re-opened). requirements; minimum of 4 years recent experience directly related to an aca­ demic library acquisitions department and/or the book trade indus­ try, including supervisory responsibilities. desired qualifications; mls (ala-accredited). ability to plan, supervise and coordinate the acquisition of monographs, serials, and non-print materials. knowl­ edge of both manual and automated materials acquisitions and se­ rial control systems. knowledge of domestic and foreign publishing trade and vendor sources/plans. experience with gifts and ex­ change program s and governm ent documents depository p ro ­ grams. e xperience with lib ra ry m aterials budgets. excellent oral/written communications and interpersonal skills. manages a staff of 1 administrative assistant and 17 support staff members in the acquisitions department. responsible for the ordering, receiving, and claiming of library materials. work with the library’s business office to coordinate the fiscal reporting of library materials funds. co­ ordinate the gifts and exchange program, binding, and distribution of library materials and supplies in a decentralized library system. evaluate vendor performance and assist in approval plans manage­ ment. participate in the development of automated acquisitions pro­ grams. salary; $25,000 and up depending on qualifications. status and benefits; exempt supervisory position. annual vacation of 15 working days during the first year of employment and 22 days there­ after. flexible benefit program with open enrollments annually. group life, major medical, disability insurance plans are in effect as are tiaa/cref and social security coverage. applications accepted until position is filled. send resume and list of references to; thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue university, west lafayette, in 47907. an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. head of circulation. boston college invites nominations and applications for the position of head of circulation in the o ’neill li­ brary. the circulation department includes the main circulation desk, stack maintenance unit, reserves services, interlibrary loan, copy center and a resource center. the o ’neill library is open 108 hours per week and the circulation department has primary respon­ sibility for building security. responsibilities; supervises all activities of the circulation department. manages a staff of 25. provides lead­ ership in automation planning and staff training/development and re­ views and recommends circulation policies and procedures. serves on department heads committee, automation committee and oth­ ers as appropriate. boston college offers its 14,000 students and al­ most 700 faculty the advantages of a strong liberal arts institution with outstanding graduate and professional programs. library col­ lections number over one million volumes. the new o ’neill library provides an attractive, intensively used, highly automated environ­ ment for study and learning and also houses the campus computer center. the library administration is committed to developing leader­ ship, management and planning skills at all levels of the library staff. qualifications; ala-accredited mls with a minimum of 3 -5 years' experience in public services, demonstrated managerial experi­ ence, excellent interpersonal and communication skills, and commit­ ment to public service. experience with automated circulation sys­ tems preferred. benefits: excellent benefits package includes tuition and 22 days vacation. salary from $30,000 depending on qualifica­ tions. to apply: send resume with names and phone numbers of 3 references to; mary mcmillan, employment manager, department of human resources, boston college, chestnut hill, ma 02167. a p ­ head, media department loyola marymount university, a catholic liberal arts college with an enrollment of 4700 students and graduate program s at the master’s level including communication arts, is seeking an individual to replace the retiring head of the media department of the university library. the media department is composed of a media collection, a media and equipment checkout operation, and a repair facility. the department head currently reports to the university librarian. duties: supervises access services including selection, acquisition, and circulation of media materials and equipment; prepares and administers all aspects of the budget; hires, trains, and supervises three fte staff; prepares reports; and provides some reference service. requirements: mls from an ala accredited institution or demonstrated knowledge of academic media librarianship, budgetary experience, strong interpersonal skills, and successful supervisory experience. the position is available immediately and is a 12 month appointment; salary in the low 20's to low 30's per year. comprehensive benefits package including tiaa/cref, and 22 days paid vacation annually. applicants should submit a letter of interest and vita and salary expectations by june 15, 1987 to: edward st. john chair, library search committee loyola marymount university loyola bhrd. at w. 80th street los angeles, ca 90045 equal opportunity employer m /f /h 368 / c&rl news plications received by june 30,1987, will receive first consideration. an eo/aa employer. head of reference. florida international university, a member of the state university system, is seeking a head of reference to coor­ dinate and supervise activities of the reference department. respon­ sibilities: administer all functions of the department, including gov­ ernment documents, microforms, computer assisted reference services and local and regional documents. plan, implement and evaluate general reference services and library instructional pro­ grams. responsible for development of reference collection. super­ vises staff of 14 including 8 librarians. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited school, 5 years of professional experience in refer­ ence services preferable in an academic institution, strong interper­ sonal skills, managerial ability, knowledge of systems and online database searching expertise. salary: $29,500-$32,700 depending upon qualifications and experience. application: the deadline for ap­ plications is june 20,1987. send letter of application, resume, and 3 letters of reference to: j. hortensia rodriguez, chair, search & screen committee, florida international university library, ref­ erence department, tamiami campus, miami, fl 33199. fiu is an equal opportunity employer. head of reference. manages and provides leadership for a department, consisting of 10 librarians, and 6 fte support staff. re­ sponsible for managing reference services, computer search ser­ vices, library instruction, faculty liaison, interlibrary loan, and govern­ ment documents. participates in library administrative planning and policy making. mls from an ala-accredited library school. addi­ tional graduate degree is desired and is expected for tenure. must have three year’s relevant reference experience, be service oriented and committed to managing, developing, and promoting services. must demonstrate the ability to communicate effectively with stu­ dents, faculty and librarians. supervisory experience is desirable. salary range $29,000-$35,000 for twelve months, depending on qualifications. eligible for tenure review. choice of retirement and health plans. send letter of application, resume, and list of three ref­ erences to: james c. eller, associate dean for library services, box 68, the wichita state university, wichita, ks 67208 by july 15, 1987. finalists will be invited for an expense-paid interview. the wi­ chita state university is an urban institution with an enrollment of 16,000. librarians at the wichita state university enjoy faculty rank, privileges, and responsibilities. the wichita state university is an af­ firmative action, equal opportunity employer. head of reference. north dakota state university library. key position in a land grant university library serving 8,500 undergradu­ ates, 1,000 graduate students, and 700 faculty. under the general direction of the head of public services, the head of reference is responsible for coordination of reference services in the main li­ brary, online database searching, maps, a program of bibliographic instruction, and a regional depository for government documents. the position has budgetary responsibility for development of a strong reference collection. the person in this position must under­ stand the needs of researchers in order to provide responsive and innovative reference service to a diverse research-oriented clientele. qualifications: required: graduate degree from an ala-accredited library school; reference experience in an academic, research, or special library; and experience with online database searching. pre­ ferred: degree(s) in science, work experience in a science/agricul ture library, at least five years experience as a professional librarian, supervisory or administrative experience, commitment to library in­ three tenure track positions university of hawaii library applications and nominations are invited for three full time tenure track positions. librarians hold faculty status, are eligible for sabbatical leave and other academic privileges. all positions are available septem­ ber, 1987. closing date: july 8,1987. the university of hawaii, manoa, is the major research campus o f the university of hawaii system. located in manoa valley, a residential area of honolulu, the campus has an enrollment of 18,624 students, and grants doctorates in thirty-eight fields. the library has a staff of 165.5 fte, and a collection of over 2 million volumes. it is a member of arl, crl and an associate member of rlin. it uses oclc and utlas as bibliographic resources, and is in the final stages of implementing a fully integrated online library system encompassing cataloging, public catalog, acquisitions, circulation and serials. informational interviews will be available at ala. call (808) 948-7207 to pre-arrange an interview at ala. minimum qualifications and salary ranges for the ranks are included at the bottom of this ad. collection development officer. responsibilities: upper level faculty position, part of library’s senior management team. under the direction of the university librarian, coordinates collection development activities, including assessment of existing collections and selection activities; rearticulation and implemen­ tation o f the collection development policy; ongoing consultation with faculty; development, coordination, and allocation of the library’s $2.5 million book fund budget; and grant writing. this position will be filled at the rank of associate library specialist (s-4). successful applicants for this position must have, as part of the m q’s listed below, previous experience in collection development, strong interpersonal communication skills and the ability to work in a collegial style. additional desired qualifications: successful experience in obtaining grant funding and evidence of continuing professional activity in related regional professional associations. science & technology reference librarian. responsibilities: under the general direction of the head o f the science-technology reference department, provide reference, collection development, computer database searching and bibliographic instruction services. position requires periodic evening/weekend reference service as scheduled on a rotating basis. this position will be filled at either the junior library specialist (s-2) or assistant library specialist (s-3) rank depending on qualifications and experience. as part of the mq’s listed below, a subject background in a physical science, marine science or engineering is required. applicants for either rank must demonstrate effectiveness in working with students, faculty and (continued on next page) june 1987 / 369 struction at various levels, working knowledge of automated library systems, and evidence of creative use of new technologies in deliv­ ery of reference services. reference staff consists of 4 fte librarians, 1 paraprofessional, 1 clerk, and student employees. the ndsu li­ brary is a member of tri-college university, a successful consortium (ndsu, moorhead state university, concordia college) with online catalog and circulation links to the minnesota state university sys­ tem’s pals network. ndsu is located in fargo, an educational, cul­ tural, and medical center for the upper plains. the total population of the metropolitan area, which includes moorhead, minnesota, ex­ ceeds 130,000. the area is within a short drive of the minnesota lake country and 4 hours from minneapolis and winnipeg. salary: $24,000 minimum, depending on qualifications. tiaa/cref and blue cross/blue shield/hmo options. for maximum consideration, applications must be received no later than july 10,1987. send let­ ter of application; current resume; and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: personnel office, north da­ kota state university, p.o. box 5227, fargo, nd 58105. ndsu is an equal opportunity institution. head of reference services. canisius college, the jesuit college of western new york, invites applications for the position of head of reference services. the college has an enrollment of 4,500 students, and offers a variety of undergraduate and master’s level programs; the library’s collections approach 300,000 volumes, and an $8 million expansion and renovation project that will triple the size of the library is now underway. the head of reference services is responsible for planning, implementation, coordination, and evalua­ tion of the library’s reference program; this includes general refer­ ence, bibliographic instruction, database searching, and publica­ tions. supervises four fte professionals, develops collection, provides reference assistance, group lectures, and database searches. requires: ala-accredited mls, five years of progres­ sively responsible professional experience in academic library refer­ ence services, supervisory experience, excellent communications skills, and the ability to provide imaginative leadership for expanding reference program. must have knowledge of library computer tech­ nology sufficient to implement microcomputer applications and to assist in planning for integrated system. salary dependent upon ex­ perience; minimum $21,500. 12 month contract, 20 days vacation, tiaa/cref and other benefits. position available september 1, 1987. send application, resume, transcripts, and three letters of ref­ erence, by july 3, 1987, to: george m. telatnik, director of the li­ brary, canisius college, 2001 main street, buffalo, ny 14208. eeo. head, original and special materials cataloging. central university library, university of california, san diego. rank: associate librarian; salary: $29,340 to $42,264 or librarian, salary: $39,456 to $54,696. this is a new department, developed as a result of reexamination of cataloging workflows and procedures. the origi­ nal and special materials cataloging department, which has 10.25 librarians, 5 fte library assistants and 1.8 fte student assistants, is responsible for the original cataloging of monographs and for the full range of searching, cataloging, and records maintenance for serials, music, and materials in east asian languages. under the general su­ pervision of the assistant university li brarian–technical services, i n cumbent plans, directs, and administers operations of the depart­ ment. oversees formulation and implementation of departmental policy and workflow. responsible for organizational and personnel planning and for allocation and assignment of staff within the depart­ ment. assures that workflow and departmental organization are effi­ staff, and have experience conducting online searches. candidate must show initiative, flexibility and de­ pendability. additional desired qualifications: a second master’s degree in a physical science, marine sci­ ence or engineering field. the undergraduate degree should also have been in a science field. experience coordinating an online search service. reading knowledge of a foreign language. supervisory ability or potential. social science reference librarian. responsibilities: under the general direction of the department head, provide reference, collection development, database searching and instructional services in the hu manities/social science reference department. position requires periodic evening/weekend reference service as scheduled on a rotating basis. this position will be filled at either junior library specialist (s-2) or assistant library specialist (s-3) depending on qualifications and experience. as part of the mq’s listed below, a subject background in a social science and/or social science reference experience is required. applicants for either rank must demonstrate effectiveness in working with students, faculty and staff, and have experience in online database searching. additional desired qualifications: 1) good communication skills; 2) proven effectiveness in social science collection development; 3) familiarity with national and inter­ national publishing patterns in the social sciences; 4) experience in database searching and computer liter­ acy; and 5) experience with classroom bibliographic instruction. write to the address below for a more complete position description of each position. minimum qualifications: junior library specialist, rank s-2: ala-accredited mls; one year of profes­ sional library experience. salary range for s-2 is $21,864-$32,340. assistant library specialist, rank s-3: ala-accredited mls, at least three years of professional academic library experience, and 24 credits of post-baccalaureate academic work. salary range for s-3 is $26,592-$39,360. associate library specialist, rank s-4: ala-accredited mls; at least eight years of progressively responsible academic library experi­ ence, preferably in an arl library, and a ph.d. (possibility of waiver of the ph.d., in which case a second master’s degree in a relevant subject area will be required). salary range for s-4 is $33,648-$49,812. benefits: vacation and sick leave accumulation at 14 hours per month each, 13 paid holidays, choice of group medical insurance and state retirement benefits. librarians at the university of hawaii are repre­ sented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the university of hawaii professional assembly, which repre­ sents all faculty in the uh system. to apply: send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: jean ehrhorn, associate university librarian, university of hawaii library, university of hawaii, 2550 the mali, honolulu, hi 96822; (808) 948-7207. the university of hawaii is an eeo/aa employer. 370 / c&rl news ciently adapted to changes in automated systems, service priorities and national developments. responsible for coordinating the work of the department with that of other library departments. may be called upon to represent the library within the uc system on matters relating to cataloging policy. maintains awareness of national and uc systemwide issues regarding bibliographic control and automa­ tion of library catalogs, communicates these issues within the li­ brary, and contributes to the identification and resolution of these is­ sues through appropriate professional activities. qualifications: successful managerial and supervisory experience in a research or academic library; substantial knowledge of bibliographic control pol­ icies and processes as applied in research libraries; knowledge of issues and trends relating to the automation of library processing; demonstrated ability to work effectively with library public and techni­ cal services staff at all levels; well-developed skills in written and oral communication; demonstrated ability to bring creative approaches to policies that assure effective bibliographic access; and under­ standing of the scholarly use of library collections. mls from ala accredited library school. an appointee at the librarian level is ex­ pected to bring to the position well-developed managerial skills and considerable expertise in bibliographic control. applications re­ ceived or postmarked by july 31, 1987, are assured of consider­ ation. submit a letter of application, enclosing a resume and a list of references to: ellen lawson, assistant for academic personnel, li­ brary, c-075-h2, university of california, san diego, la jolla, ca 92093. ucsd is an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. head, public information unit, engineering libraries, as sociate librarian, the university of michigan libraries. duties: re­ sponsible for the general management of the public information unit, coordinating activities for both the engineering-transportation and north engineering libraries. responsible for the overall quality of reference services, online database searching and user education in both libraries. coordinates, plans, implements and evaluates day to-day public service programs and recommends long-range goals. participates as a working member of the unit, serving as a resource to other staff and sharing in reference, user education, collection de­ velopment and online database searching. oversees peer informa­ tion counselor and library science field experience programs. pro vid e s o n g o in g e va lu a tio n o f the re fe re n ce c o lle c tio n and recommends additions and withdrawals. participates in the libraries’ collection development program. maintains a liaison with faculty in assigned areas of selection. qualifications: required: accredited mls. three years of experience in bibliographic instruction or refer­ ence services in an engineering or science/technology library; dem­ onstrated ability to direct and motivate staff, to communicate and in­ teract with all levels of the academic community, and to work well in an instructional setting. previous supervisory experience. demon­ strated knowledge of collection development issues. ability to take a leadership role within the library in public service program planning and implementation. desired: reading knowledge of one or more foreign languages; at least two years’ experience with searching a variety of online database systems including dialog, rlin, etc. minimum salary of $21,500, dependent upon previous relevant ex­ perience. applications received by june 30,1987, will be given first consideration. apply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library person­ nel and payroll services, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109-1205. the university of michi­ gan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. head, reference department. oversees a general refer­ ence service in a major southeastern research library serving both graduate and undergraduate students and faculty primarily in hu­ manities and social sciences. responsibilities include the supervi­ sion of outstanding orientation and bibliographic instruction pro­ grams; a very active online literature searching service and a centralized interlibrary loan service. staff of 7 librarians and 3 sup­ port staff plus additional part-time staff and students. reports to as­ sociate director of libraries. usc is a member of arl, aserl, crl, and solinet. qualifications: accredited mls, subject master’s helpful; facility in at least one modern foreign language; minimum five years professional reference experience in humanities and/or social sciences in a large academic library with increasing supervi­ sory responsibilities; extensive knowledge of reference resources essential; demonstrated administrative ability; and skill in working and communicating effectively with faculty, students, and library per­ sonnel. available immediately. benefits: salary dependent upon ex­ perience and qualifications and competitive with other arl libraries; minimum of $28,000. faculty status and tenure. excellent fringe benefits. send letter of application with statement of personal refer­ ence service philosophy, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 professional references to: d.s. ridge, associ­ ate director of libraries, thomas cooper library, university of south carolina, columbia, sc 29208. application deadline july 1, 1987. aa/eeo employer. librarian of the tozzer library. reporting to the librar ian of harvard college, administers a library with collection of ap­ proximately 160,000 volumes and pamphlets in fields of archaeol­ ogy, biological and cultural anthropology. qualifications: mls degree or equivalent; minimum 4 years significant professional li­ brary experience in academic setting, including administrative and supervisory experience; academic background in anthropology or related area. rank and salary dependent on qualifications with mini­ mum of $25,000. good benefits package. available 1 july 1987. ap­ plications should be received by 22 june. resumes to: karen n. mc­ farlan, university personnel librarian, harvard college library, cambridge, ma 02138. an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. library systems liaison, librarian i, university of maryland college park libraries. the university of maryland college park li­ braries invites nominations and applications for a librarian i to serve as systems liaison for the university’s library information manage­ ment systems (lims). the position will be responsible for assisting the associate director for library systems with planning, staff train­ ing, and software implementation and upgrades on lims. qualifica tions: required. m is or mls from ala-accredited program. course work in computer and/or information science essential. minimum of three years relevant professional experience. familiarity with imple­ mentation, operation, and maintenance of an automated integrated library system. familiarity with marc formats and oclc cataloging. desired: supervisory and p u b lic co n ta ct experience. salary: $24,799 minimum. salary commensurate with experience. excellent benefits. for full consideration, subm it resume and names/ad dresses of 3 references by july 6,1 9 8 7 , to: virginia sojdehei, per­ sonnel librarian, mckeldin library, university of maryland, col­ lege park, md 20742. aa/eoe. life and health sciences librarian/mlnes informa­ tion specialist. the university of nevada-reno library seeks an energetic, creative, flexible librarian to administer the life and health sciences library (56,000 volumes). duties will also include online searching and collection development in the geosciences for mines library. responsibilities: reference, online searching, collec­ tion development, support staff supervision, bibliographic and end user instruction. acts as liaison with colleges of agriculture and nursing, biology department and programs of nutrition and allied health sciences. reports to head of branch libraries. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; science background and/or experience; public service experience in an academic/specia! li­ brary; advanced computer searching skills and substantial micro­ computer experience; strong communication, interpersonal and su­ pervisory skills. faculty status requires librarians to meet faculty standards for appointment, promotion and tenure. preferred qualifi­ cations: agriculture/biology background and/or experience; experi­ ence with bibliographic instruction, library automation and other technological innovations and space and new facilities planning; col­ lection development experience in agrículture/biology/geoscîence/ nursing. salary open depending upon qualifications and experience (minimum $27,320). 12 month appointment; täaa/cref; 24 days vacation. open september 1, 1987. mountains, desert, lakes, 5 hours by car from san francisco. send letter of application, resume and names and addresses of three references to: ruth h. donovan, associate director, university of nevada-reno library, reno, nv 89557 by july 15,1987. an aa/eeo employer. principal monograph cataloguer/catalogue edi­ tor. serves as catalogue department’s resource person for mono­ graph cataloguing; as documentation specialist for monograph cat­ a loguing; and as head, nam e a u tho rity unit. participates in planning for and implementation of automated authority control sys­ tem. assists in training of original monograph cataloguers. as cata­ logue editor, responsible for bibliographic integrity of online cata­ logue. supervises m onograph searching section. performs monograph cataloguing, original and shared, in fields of social sciences/humanities or science using aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, and marc tagging. responsible for related authority work. may participate in department and system-wide committees for pol­ june 1987 / 371 icy and/or procedure formulation. qualifications: ala-accredited mls required. considerable experience, including original mono­ graph cataloguing and authority work, in a research library essential. expert knowledge of lc classification and theory, lcsh, aacr2, and marc formats required. reading knowledge of one or more for­ eign languages preferred. undergraduate or graduate degree in ap­ propriate subject highly desirable. working knowledge of oclc cat­ aloguing subsystem highly desirable. proven ability to work well with staff, both individually and in groups required. organizational skills required. candidates must demonstrate effective communication; interpersonal, analytical and problem-solving skills; the ability to work independently and exercise initiative; a commitment to a user service orientation for technical services in a dynamic environment. hiring salary range: $25,000-$30,000. to ensure full consideration send resume and names and addresses of three current, confiden­ tial references by june 30,1987, to: search committee for principal monograph cataloguer (crl), massachusetts institute of tech­ nology libraries, room 14s-216, cambridge, ma 02139. mit is an four positions university of california, san diego the university of california, san diego, library invites applications for four positions. the university library system consists of the central university library, the biomedical and medical center libraries, the under­ graduate library, the science and engineering library, the scripps institution of oceanography library, and the library of the graduate school of international relations and pacific studies. the library staff num­ bers 300 ftp and collections total 1.7 million volumes. head, access services department. associate librarian or librarian. department is comprised of these central library units: circulation, interlibrary loan, reserve reading, shelving and stack mainte­ nance, library annex and library photocopy service, with current periodicals, newspapers and micro­ forms soon to be included. position supervises 24 fte library assistants and 14.7 fte student assistants. under direction of the aul–administrativeand public services, plans, develops, implements and evaluates access services and policies. requires succcessful experience in program planning, implementation and management in an academic or research library; knowledge of issues and trends relating to automated circulation in academic libraries; strong interpersonal and communication skills. head, cataloging services department. (search reopened.) associate librarian or librarian. cataloging services is responsible for copy cataloging and records maintenance for monographic titles in central library, undergraduate library, science and engineering library, and the new library of the graduate school of international relations and pacific studies. position supervises 27.35 fte library assis­ tants and 5.25 student assistants. under direction of aul–technicai services, plans, directs, administers operations of the department. requires successful managerial and supervisory experience in a research or academic library; substantial knowledge of bibliographic control processes as well as issues and trends in automation of library processing. strong communication skills. head, reference and research services department. associate librarian or librarian department is responsible for providing general reference service for the campus, as well as specialized reference and research assistance in the social sciences and humanities. position supervises nine librari­ ans, two library assistants and student assistants. librarians also serve as bibliographers and report di rectlyto the aul–collections in that role. under direction of aul–administrativeand public services, and in collaboration with the department, incumbent plans, develops, implements and evaluates reference ser­ vices and policies in the central library. requires successful and substantive experience in program plan­ ning, implementation and management in an academic or research library; substantial knowledge of refer­ ence and instructional services policies and processes, scholarly use of libraries and trends relating to electronic information; and demonstrated leadership and communication skills. japanese studies librarian. assistant librarian or associate librarian or librarian. responsible for collection development and reference services in support of the study of japan at ucsd. will report half time within the central library and half time within the library of the school of international relations and pacific studies. requires full proficiency in written and spoken japanese and in the hepburn romanization scheme; effective interpersonal skills and english communication skills. desirable: advanced degree in japanese studies or related field; knowledge of japanese book trade. ala-mls required for all positions. salary ranges: assistant librarian: $24,012 -$ 30 ,720; associate librar­ ian: $29,340-$42,264; librarian: $39,456-$49,656. salary and rank commensurate with qualifications and experience. full position descriptions available upon request. to be assured of consideration, apply by july 3 1,1 9 87 . send a letter of application, resume and list of references to: ellen lawson, assistant for academic personnel, library c-075-h2, university of california, san diego, la jolla, ca 92093. ucsd is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 372 / c &r l news equal opportunity employer with an affirmative action plan and wel­ comes applications from women and minority candidates. reference/bibliographic instruction librarian. plymouth state college library is seeking applicants for the position of reference/bibliographic instruction librarian. along with the other four reference librarians, he/she provides reference services, teaches a one-credit business research method course and biblio­ graphic instruction sessions, and conducts database searches. other responsibilities include materials selection, liaison with aca­ demic departments, student advising, and participation in the imple­ mentation of an integrated online library system, due to begin in the summer of 1987. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school and reference experience. experience in teaching, online searching, and bibliographic instruction is highly desirable. strong oral, written, and interpersonal skills are a must. this is a tenure-track position available as of july 1,1987, with appointment at the rank of assistant professor. salary ranges from $19,000-$21,000. please send a letter of application, resume, and three current letters of refer­ ence to: philip c. wei, college librarian, plymouth state college, plymouth, nh 03264, by june 29, 1987. can meet candidates at ala-san francisco. psc is an aa/eeo. reference librarian. a 12-month, tenure-track appointment with faculty rank. responsibilities include reference desk duty, fac­ ulty liaison, instruction, collection development and online search­ ing. position reports to the plead of reference. qualifications: ala accredited mls required; at least three years of increasingly responsible reference experience, preferably in an academic li­ brary; evidence of ability to provide effective course-related instruc­ tion; experience with brs and/or dialog; scholarly achievement congruent with faculty status; oral and written communication skills essential as is ability to work cooperatively with students, faculty, and stanford university libraries music cataloger provides original descriptive cataloging following aacr2, lc interpretations for western european language m onographs in books, scores, sound re­ cordings and visual materials formats, including rare materials. prepares authority records, pro­ vides subject analysis for all materials, provides lc classification for music scores and books on music, participates in music library reference service, serves as back-up to section head. requires: mls, subject knowledge of music history/theory, reading knowledge of at least one western european lan­ guage, ability to resolve complex bibliographic is­ sues, demonstrated human relations and com m un­ ication skills. p revious e x p e rie n c e p re fe rred . assistant ($24,800-$34,500) or associate librar­ ian ($27,500-$38,300) rank depending on qualifi­ cations. submit letter of application, resume, names and addresses of 3 references to: irene yeh employment coordinator stanford university libraries stanford, ca 94305 by july 10, 1987. cite #301-crln on all corre­ spondence. eoe/aa colleagues; familiarity with literature and resources of education pre­ ferred; second master’s desirable. benefits include 20 days paid va­ cation, plus university holidays; paid bc/bs health insurance; paid retirement (tiaa/cref or state). salary negotiable, minimum $20,000. applications should include resume, transcripts, and three letters of reference. deadline for applications is july 15, 1987. send applications to: ralph alberico, head reference librarian, carrier library, james madison university, harrisonburg, va 22807. jmu is an equal opportunity and affirmative action employer. reference librarian. north hennepin community col­ lege, a 5,000 student two year institution located in the northwest section of the twin cities metropolitan area is seeking a full-time ref­ erence librarian to begin september, 1987. responsibilities include general reference desk work, online searching, and interlibrary loan. an ala-accredited mls is required. college library experience pre­ ferred. initial salary range of $16,600-$25,600 is dependent upon education and experience. send letter of application, resume, tran­ scripts and letters of recommendation to: peter fastner, 7411 85th avenue north, brooklyn park, mn 55445, by june 19th, 1987. an affirmative action employer. reference librarian. pennsylvania state university at harris­ burg, the capital college. provide reference services in science, en­ gineering and technology. duties include desk coverage in general library (with scheduled evening hours), research referrals, instruc­ tion, computer-based literature searching, and collection develop­ ment. candidate should have proven ability to communicate and work effectively with students, faculty, and administrators to develop and operate library programs. campus facts: 1,740 upper-division students; 1,054 graduate students; 130 faculty; 185,500 volumes; 682,000 microforms; 1,400 periodical subscriptions. minimum re­ quirements: mls from ala-accredited school or equivalent and ac­ ademic background in science. two years’ professional experience as science librarian. ability to meet faculty standards for appoint­ ment, promotion and tenure. available: september 1, 1987. salary: $21,000 or higher, dependent on qualifications. benefits: faculty status; liberal vacation/sick leave; life/health/dental/vision-care insur­ ance; choice of state or tiaa/cref retirement plans; educational benefits; additional optional insurance and tax sheltered plans. send letter of application, current complete resume, and names of three references to: charles townley, division head, c/o robert h. hamill, box acrl, the pennsylvania state university at harrisburg, the capital college, middletown, pa 17057. closing date: june 20, 1987, or until position is filled. possible scheduling of interviews at ala from june 27 to 30. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian/business. available june 1, 1987 duties include general reference work, participation in an active li­ brary instruction program, online searching of business databases, collection development in business and related fields, and liaison with the college of business administration, providing specialized reference service to faculty and students. mls from an ala accredited institution and at least two years previous experience in either general or business reference required. graduate business courses and experience in bibliographic instruction and online data­ base searching are highly desirable. excellent communication skills and the ability to work effectively as a team member are essential. 12 month tenure-track appointment. minimum salary $20,000; rank and salary dependent upon qualifications. as the major academic re­ search institution in the state, the university of arkansas, fayetteville, a land-grant university, offers a full range of undergraduate, gradu­ ate, and professional degrees. located in scenic northwest arkan­ sas, fayetteville is a university town of 40,000 in a picturesque set­ ting in the foothills of the ozarks, an unspoiled region with clean water, a temperate climate, and a variety of cultural and recreational opportunities. send letter of application, resume, and names, ad­ dresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: john a. harrison, director of libraries, mullins library, university of arkansas-fayetteville, fayetteville, ar 72701. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. the university of arkansas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer; minorities and women are strongly urged to apply. reference librarian/user education coordinator. wanted: librarian to step into busy, dynamic reference department and participate in all activities. the successful candidate will take a lead role in an established class-oriented instruction program and development of an innovative program of user education. working june 1987 / 373 closely with the coordinators of reference services, database ser­ vices, government documents, interlibrary loan, and automated access services, the candidate will develop a comprehensive library user instruction program. the library has recently undergone major expansion and renovation, and is currently installing an online cata­ log. an ala-accredited mls and experience in library user educa­ tion and database searching are required. preference will be given to background in psychology and/or education. salary commensu­ rate with qualifications and experience, but no less than $21,500. appointment on or before november 1,1987. for maximum consid­ eration, please send resume and names of 3 references by july 31, 1987, to: anne de klerk, director of library services, bertrand li­ brary, bucknell university, lewisburg, pa 17837. an aa/eo em­ ployer. resource development librarian, social science. responsible for all collection development activities in the social sci­ ences (economics, education, political science, psychology, sociol­ ogy, anthropology, geography, and business), including selection of materials, evaluation of collections, and intensive collection evalua­ tion in specific areas. monitors related funds. monitors and refines related approval plan profiles. works closely with academic faculty in collection building. participates in the formulation of collection devel­ opment and departmental policies and procedures. supervises one support staff employee. qualifications: ala mls. minimum of two years professional (post–mls) experience, preferably in an aca­ demic library. academic background in the social sciences re­ quired; a second master’s in a social science discipline preferred. knowledge of at least one foreign language required; french or ger­ man desirable. knowledge of oclc and major print and online bib­ liographic tools. organizational, analytical, and supervisory abilities. effective communication skills. ability to work effectively with faculty, staff, and students. ability to assess book collections and knowledge of books, publishing, and the book trade desirable. salary: negotia­ ble, minimum $19,000 for 10.5 months, minimum $20,000 with sec­ ond master’s. benefits: competitive benefits package. no state in­ come tax. faculty rank. position available september 1. closing date: to ensure full consideration, applications should be received by july 7, 1987. applicants should submit letter of application, com­ plete resume, and names and phone numbers of three professional references. preliminary interviewing at ala san francisco. for com­ plete description of duties, qualifications, benefits, and to apply, con­ tact: susan steele, head, personnel operations, sterling c. evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843; (409) 845-8111. aa/eeo employer. science reference librarian, san diego state university library. responsibilities: serve at reference desk in the sciences di­ vision, including rotating evening and weekend duty. participate in the full range of public services activities: online searching, library instruction, and preparation of library guides. assume responsibility for book selection in physics, astronomy and mathematics. future responsibilities may include overall coordination of collection devel­ opment in the sciences. participate in committee work and perform other duties as assigned. qualifications: mls or equivalent from ala-accredited school. strong academic background in one of the physical sciences desirable. relevant experience in an academic or research library desirable. must be able to work effectively with stu­ director of libraries university of colorado, boulder the university of colorado is searching for an outstanding person assume the position of director of libraries for its main campus in boulder. the director, who is a tenured member of the university faculty, has primary administrative responsibility for all library services and operations (with the exception of the law library). these duties include long-range planning, policy formulation and implementation, budget preparation, personnel matters, and evaluation of programs and services. in addition, the director repre­ sents the university in state and national matters such as library financing, resource sharing, networking, automation and state-wide regional planning. the university of colorado, boulder, libraries, the major research library in its region with a collection of over two million volumes, is a member of arl, oclc, bibliographic center for research (bcr) and colorado alliance of research libraries (carl). the direc­ tor reports to the vice chancellor for academic affairs and represents the libraries on the council of deans. applicants must have an mls (or its equivalent) from an ala-accredited or university of colorado approved institution and at least five years of administrative experience, with increasing responsibilities, in an academic or research library. an additional, earned, advanced degree is preferred. the search commit­ tee seeks a candidate with a record of innovative program development; the capability to work collegially and to communicate effectively with the university and library administration, faculty, staff, students and public; a record of professional and/or scholarly achievement; and knowledge of, and experience with, technology as applied to libraries. the position is a twelve-month appointment beginning after november 1, 1987. salary is negotiable, depending on experience and qualifications. minimum salary is $50,000 a year. interested candidates should submit a letter of application that summarizes their qualifications and a resume which includes the names, titles, addresses and phone numbers of five current references. all material should be sent to: charles h. depuy, chair library director search committee university of colorado campus box 475 boulder, co 80309 application deadline is july 31, 1987. the university of colorado at boulder has a strong institutional commitment to the principle of diversity. in that spirit, we are particularly interested in receiving applications from a broad spectrum of people, including women, members of ethnic minorities and disabled individuals. 374 / c&rl news dents, faculty, and library colleagues. must be committed to provid­ southfornet information manager (position reo pened). university of georgia libraries. southfornet (southern forestry information network) is funded by u.s. forest service grants and self-generated income for the purpose of providing infor­ mation services to the forestry community in the south. (salary mini­ mum $18,000, commensurate with experience.) recent graduates may have the opportunity to participate in a special staff develop­ ment program funded by the council on library resources. duties: responsible to the southfornet coordinator for technical devel­ opment and local interaction with the ls2000 database, preparing and supervising database input, overseeing office automation activi­ ties, performing literature searches, providing general reference ser­ vice, and acting in a decision-making capacity in the absence of the coordinator. thefive person staff serves u.s. forest service employ­ ees and subscribers in the thirteen southeastern states. qualifica­ tions: ala-accredited mls; practical experience with applications in a microor mini-computer environment; experience with online searching; familiarity with marc format and aacr2; interest in the biological or agricultural sciences; ability to work independently with initiative and good judgement; working knowledge of basic refer­ ence sources; ability to establish and maintain effective working rela­ tionships; effective written and oral communication skills; interest in academic librarianship preferred. application procedure: send let­ ter of application by july 15, 1986, including resume and names of three references, to: florence king, acting staff services librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action institution. systems librarian, orion user services. help shape the future of orion, a sophisticated automated library system sup­ porting 21 ucla campus libraries and 14 private databases; in­ cludes monograph acquisition, serials processing, fund accounting, linked authority control, bindery, marc-based public catalog, and circulation/inventory control modules. orion user services (ous) is responsible for all user-related functions of orion, including hard­ ware and software support, with a staff of 12.5. ous lib-analysis, work with library staff and committees, write system specifications, test system releases, train, write documentation, and coordinate specific orion modules. required: knowledge of marc formats; online technical processing experience; writing, speaking, and inter­ personal skills; ability to analyze, synthesize and interpret technical information; skill in creative problem solving. desirable: experience in systems analysis, working with microcomputers, writing docu­ mentation, or training for automated systems. salary range: $24,012-$45,084. excellent fringe benefits. send application letter with complete statement of qualifications, full resume, and the names of at least 3 persons knowledgeable about your qualifications to: rita scherrei, director, administrative systems and personnel services, university research library, ucla, 405 hilgard avenue, los an­ geles, ca 90024. equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. li­ brarians represented by american federation of teachers. candi­ dates applying by july 1, 1987, will be given first consideration. preliminary meeting can be scheduled at ala. temporary positions, long -term and short-term temporary li­ brary and information management positions available in a variety of settings throughout the chicago metropolitan area and northern illi­ nois. contact: c. berger and company, p.o. box 274, wheaton, il 60189; (312) 653-1115. ing high quality reference service. full-time, tenure-track, faculty po­ sition, with rank of senior assistant librarian or associate librarian. salary range $29,643-$45,100. reappointment, promotion, and tenure require evidence of continuing professional development. desired starting date september 1,1987, but the position will remain available until filled. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by july 6, 1987. please submit letter of application with re­ sume and names of at least three references to: gerald d. palsson, assistant university librarian for administrative services, ref: sci, san diego state university library, san diego, ca 92182-0511. sdsu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity, title ix employer. serials cataloging section head, assistant professor (tenure-leading), serials department, starting october 1, 1987. de­ velop standard cataloging procedures for serials cataloging for the university of nebraska-lincoln libraries based on aacr2, pre aacr2 formats when applicable, and oclc serials format require­ ments. study ways in which to improve or modify local cataloging practices to improve cost effectiveness and efficiency. make changes in consultation with the chair and with the assistant dean for automation and technical services. serve as a resource person for serials cataloging rule interpretations and keep staff informed of new cataloging rules and routines. set policies and work assign­ ments to accomplish goals of the section. report to the chair on pol­ icy and technical decisions for the section. direct and supervise workflow of the serials cataloging section. responsible for the over­ all supervision of serials cataloging staff of three professionals and three non-professionals. to be involved in planning for future auto­ mation needs. required: minimum of three years serials cataloging experience in an academic library. good working knowledge of aacr2 and oclc serials format. master’s degree from an accred­ ited library school. one foreign language (or more). preferred: man­ agerial experience in a serials cataloging unit. experience working with an integrated library system. knowledge of retrospective con­ version alternatives. experience with serials cataloging on an m300. $21,000 minimum for a 12–month contract. salary may be higher de­ pending upon the qualifications of the successful applicant. apply with full resume plus names and current addresses/telephone num­ bers of three references by july 15, 1987, to: kent hendrickson, dean of libraries, 106 love library, university of nebraska lincoln, lincoln, ne 68588-0410. affirmative action, equal oppor­ tunity employer. serials librarian, old dominion university. the incumbent serves as a unit head within the collection management depart­ ment, supervising five support staff and student assistants. respon­ sibilities include management of all periodicals/standing order/bind ing functions. library currently uses faxon’s linx for serials check-in and will be automating all serials functions via geac’s inte­ grated library information system in early fall. qualifications: ala accredited master’s degree; three to five years experience with seri­ als m anagem ent in an academ ic/research library; automation/faxon linx/oclc experience highly desirable; excel­ lent communication skills; evidence of continued professional devel­ opment. salary: base $24,000. for full consideration, send letter of application; resume; names, addresses and phone numbers of three professional referees; and photocopies of all academic tran­ scripts by july 10,1987 to: cynthia b. duncan, university librarian, old dominion university, norfolk, va 23508. old dominion uni­ versity is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. late job listings acquisitions librarian, monographs department. the university of alabama libraries seeks applicants for the position of acquisitions librarian, monographs department. the position has the responsibility of supervising a staff of six full—time employees and approximately 100 hours per week student assistants. the applicant will be expected to have a master’s degree from a program accredited by ala, not less than two years professional experience in an academic/research library, successful administrative background in acquisitions or collection development, knowledge of automated acquisitions systems and familiarity with approval plans, the foreign and domestic book trade, and related bibliographic tools. experience in gifts and exchange programs, acquiring out–of-print books, evaluating vendor performance, and june 1987 / 375 producing expenditure forecasts is desirable, as is a working knowledge of one or more european languages. this 12-month, tenure track position carries rank of assistant professor in the university libraries. salary minimum $21,000, commensurate with experience and qualifications. liberal benefits provided. with letter of application, include a resume and the names of three references to be contacted in the event that more specific information is required. the deadline for applications is july 15, 1987; projected starting date is september 1, 1987, or as soon thereafter as convenient for the applicant. send application to: sondra tucker, libraries personnel officer, university of alabama, p.0. box s, tuscaloosa, al 35487-9784. the university of alabama is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. architecture & landscape architecture librarian, environmental design library, university of california, berkeley. collection development, reference, bibliographic instruction, computerized reference searching, faculty liaison. mls degree or substantial course work in architecture, landscape architecture, planning, or closely related field; and successful experience in reference and/or collection development in same fields required. preference given to candidates with working knowledge of at least one western european language, and with practical experience with online reference searching. full job description on request. appointment salary range $24,012-$32,232 per annum. open until filled; candidates applying by 15 july 1987 will be given first consideration. send resume, including name and address of three professional references to: william e. wenz, room 447 general library, university of california, berkeley ca 94720. eeo employer. assistant director for systems. the university of houston libraries have almost completed the application of computing to internal library databases and are now moving to apply information technology to the whole range of library user interactions. under general direction of the director of libraries, the assistant director for systems takes a leadership role in determining plans and policies for applications of computing to the university libraries; coordinates ongoing library computing operations; cooperates with other libraries in a regional consortium, in carrying out library systems projects and activities. provides leadership in adapting information technology to expanding library services and to increasing efficiency of existing services. responsible for coordinating the design and implementation of computing applications for service programs of the libraries. experimental programs are actively encouraged, and major initiatives are being proposed for funding by the university administration. qualifications include ability to work with and relate well to a diverse constituency; excellent analytical and communication skills; initiative, creativity, organizational ability; ability to maintain effective working relationships with colleagues in the libraries and the university; decisiveness, intellectual independence and willingness to express a point of view; ability to function in a matrix-oriented team environment. knowledge of major vendors of library systems, developments in telecommunications and library computing utilities, and trends in electronic publishing required. knowledge of networked microcomputer systems desirable. mls from an ala-accredited institution desirable but not required. supervisory experience desirable. minimum of five years experience in systems work highly desirable. coursework in computer science or systems analysis desirable. academic library experience desirable, but appropriate experience in related fields, including publishing, will be considered. salary minimum of $45,000, and negotiable depending on qualifications. excellent benfits package. as the research library for a four campus system, the university of houston libraries’ holdings exceed 1.4 million volumes, with a current materials budget of $2.4 million. total staff includes 47 professionals and 200 support staff. the library is a member of arl. applications received by 376 / c&rl news july 15, 1987, will receive first consideration. interviews may be held during ala san francisco. send nominations, or applications with resume and names of three references to: robin n. downes, director of libraries, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. associate curator, special collections department. the university of alabama seeks applicants for the position of associate curator to assist the assistant dean of special collections and preservation with administrative, managerial and technical (curatorial/archival) support in all facets of daily operation of an expanding special collections department. responsibilities will include library (rare books, and extensive local history collections) historical manuscripts, university archives, the office of records management and the archives of american minority cultures. qualifications: m.a. in american history or a closely related field. mls from an ala-accredited program. archival training and experience; successful grantsmanship and/or fund raising highly desirable; minimum of three years relevant experience in archives, records management, curatorial work and a working knowledge of automated library and archival systems. assistant professor rank, salary minimum $21,000. permanent, 12-month, full-time position, tenure track. twenty-two days vacation, sick leave, blue cross/blue shield, state and tiaa/cref retirement plans. projected date for appointment to begin september 1, 1987. send letter of application, resume, names and addresses of three references to: sondra tucker, libraries personnel officer, the university of alabama, p.0. box s, tuscaloosa, al 35487-9784, by july 1, 1987. the university of alabama is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. associate director of university libraries/director of cudahy library. loyola university of chicago invites applications and nominations for the position of associate director of university libraries. the university library system has four libraries: cudahy library on the chicago lake shore campus, lewis towers library on the chicago water tower campus, the medical center library in west suburban chicago, and the rome center library in rome, italy. together, these libraries hold almost 1 million bound volumes plus government documents and microforms. the library system is automating with notis. the staff includes 33 librarians and 55 support staff. the libraries serve approximately 16,000 students and 1,400 faculty. the associate director, reporting to the director of university libraries, participates as a senior administrator in the overall management of the libraries in the system. the associate director also serves as the director of the cudahy library, the largest library in the system. other responsibilities of the position include administrative responsibility for the areas of library automation, technical services, audiovisual services, and public services; working with the director of libraries in developing long-range, building, space, and budget plans; development and preparation of grant proposals and other funding programs. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library program; in-depth knowledge of academic library organization and functions, including library automation, technical and public service functions; substantial and successful administrative experience in a university library; excellent communication and interpersonal skills. minimum salary $37,000. applications received prior to july 17, 1987, will receive first consideration. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three professional references to: ellen j. waite, director of university libraries, cudahy library, loyola university of chicago, 6525 n. sheridan road, chicago, il 60626. loyola university of chicago is an affirmative action, equal opportunity educator and employer. automation development chair. reports to associate dean for collection and technical services. responsibilities include: exercising a leadership role june 1987 / 377 in the planning, implementation and operation of library automated systems; in library microcomputer utilization; in operation of the libraries’ ls/2 (alis) system; and in implementation of a second generation integrated online library system (iols). required: ala-accredited mls; three years of professional library experience; experience with automated library systems; knowledge of systems analysis, computer hardware and software; ability to communicate effectively with technically and non-technically oriented staff. preferred: experience with an iols, particularly implementing a mainframe-based system in a campus network environment; experience in a wide range of library functions; education or training in a computer-based systems, programming or a scientific/technical discipline; experience managing automated systems. salary: $28,000 minimum for 12 month appointment. a higher salary can be negotiated depending upon qualifications and experience. librarians at ksu have academic rank and are eligible for tenure, sabbatical leaves and other research support. vacation of 22 working days. choice of retirement and medical plans. kansas state university, founded in 1863 and one of the nation’s oldest land-grant universities, is located in manhattan, a community of 45,000 in the rolling flint hills. the university has 1,500 full-time faculty and an enrollment of over 18,000. ksu libraries contain over 1,000,000 cataloged volumes and have a materials budget in excess of $1.9 million. position available august 1, 1987. deadline for application: july 1, 1987. send letter of application, resume, names, addresses and phone numbers of three relevant references to: nancy wootton, administrative services, kansas state university libraries, manhattan, ks 66506. ksu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian. vacancy open july 1, 1987. original cataloging for the full range of material acquired by the library, using aacr2, lc classification, lsch, oclc. resolution of name, series, and subject authority, as well as catalog maintenance and other departmental duties are normal part of workload. requirements: ala-accredited mls; proficiency in a foreign language (french, russian, or chinese preferred); familiarity with computer applications in libraries. minimum salary $21,000, usual fringe benefits, 22 working days vacation. entry level position but professional experience considered. send letter of application, resume, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: arthur monke, librarian, bowdoin college library, brunswick, me 04011. deadline july 1, 1987. bowdoin college is committed to equal opportunity through affirmative action. cataloger. depauw university is seeking a librarian for a newly authorized cataloging position in our technical services department. the new cataloger will be responsible for original cataloging and complex copy cataloging of monographs and serials and for all cataloging of musical scores and av formats, using oclc. in addition, the cataloger will serve as a liaison to selected academic departments, assisting them with collection development. all librarians participate in library management. position has faculty status, excellent benefits. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program. experience with lcsh, lc classification, aacr2 and oclc strongly desired. the ability to work well with faculty and staff, and a service oriented view of library service required. knowledge of one or more foreign languages desired. salary: $19,500 minimum. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of reference to: jana bradley, director of libraries, depauw university, box 137, greencastle, in 46135. review of applications will begin july 1, 1987. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cataloger. salzmann library of st. francis seminary school of pastoral ministry is seeking a catalog librarian. st. francis seminary is a roman catholic seminary serving the ardchdiocese of milwaukee. it is an institution accredited by the north central association and association of theological schools granting m.div and mts degrees. besides training young men for ordained ministry, st. francis seminary has a strong lay formation program open to men and women. st. francis is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. requirements: 1) mls degree from an ala-accredited institution; 2) a degree or its equivalency in catholic theological studies; 3) knowledge of lc classification, aacr2, oclc terminal; 4) a working knowledge of latin, german, french, spanish. responsibilities: 1) cataloging of all book and non-book materials, original and/or online; 2) assist in the planning and administering of technical services (oclc, etc.); 3) assist in reference services. salary: negotiable in relation to qualifications and experience. generous benefits according to the archdiocesan policies. a full-time 12 month position. starting date: fall 1987. please send resume and three references to: lawrence k. miech, salzmann library, 3257 south lake drive, milwaukee, wi 53207. circulation unit head. supervises and administers the circulation unit. the circulation unit consists of 9 fte staff and approximately 35 student workers and includes the circulation desk, circulation services, reserves, a-v collection, stacks management, copy center, document delivery services, patron authority records, and non-affiliated borrowers program. an online catalog and circulation system has been operational since the summer of 1984. ala-accredited master’s degree required. second advanced degree is highly desirable. minimum of five years experience, some of which should be in an academic library. a minimum of two years administrative and circulation related services required. working knowledge of an online circulation system preferred. business related experience highly desirable. candidate must be service oriented and possess good communication, human relations, and managerial skills. twelve-month appointment, tenure track position; rank commensurate with experience. minimum salary: $25,000. position available: september 1, 1987. send resume and names of three references by july 15, 1987, to: raymond a. frankie, director, j. murrey atkins library, the university of north carolina at charlotte, charlotte, nc 28223. the university of north carolina at charlotte is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. director, library & research information services. this position, which reports to vp human resources, is responsible for overall management and administration of library services, including the research records management program. responsibilities include fiscal planning, formulation and recommendation of policy in connection with information services. will supervise a staff of 20. the ideal candidate will have a master’s degree from an ala-accredited program and at least 5 years experience in all aspects of technical library management, preferably at a senior level. an mba and science background are highly desirable. the candidate should be service oriented and have a strong knowledge of current library technologies. salary range: $43,509-$56,562. u.s. citizenship required. we will interview at the sla and ala conferences in june. please send resume to: carol silk, aa208, sri international, 333 ravenswood ave., menlo park, ca 94025. an equal opportunity employer. director of the library and chairperson of the library science department. kentucky wesleyan college invites applications for head librarian, a 12-month, tenure-track position at the rank of assistant or associate professor. the head librarian’ provides leadership for library policy, administration and budget, for an education certification program in library science and for the audio-visual department. extensive library administrative experience and a 378 / c &r l n ew s master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school are required. preference will be given to candidates holding the ph.d. salary in the upper $20s. appointment to be effective august 15, 1987. send letter of application with a resume and three letters of reference to: robert e. shimp, academic dean, kentucky wesleyan college, owensboro, ky 42301. closing date for application: june 19, but applications will be accepted until the position is filled. eoe. documents librarian. university of illinois library at urbana-champaign. faculty position available august 21, 1987. under the general direction of the head of the documents library, provides reference service during scheduled weekday hours, participates in the department’s instructional, promotional, and online services programs, assists in bibliographic control, and maintains liaison with public service units in both departmental library services and general services. all documents librarians contribute to a varying degree to all the functions listed above, but each also has a particular coordinating responsibility within the department which depends on personal qualifications and present staffing arrangements. particular responsibilities may be for the coordination of user education, online services, processing and bibliographic control, or collection development. required qualifications: master's degree in library science from an ala-accredited library school, or its equivalent. at least one year of work with federal documents in a large research, academic, or special library either in a general reference setting or in a specialized government publications unit. knowledge of documents reference techniques and bibliographic sources. effective oral and written communication skills and the ability to work well with people, both individually and in groups. evidence of a strong commitment to responsive and innovative service. evidence of the ability to meet university standards of research, publication and service. preferred qualifications: user education experience; experience with an online catalogue and other online and microcomputer-based information retrieval systems; cataloguing experience; a knowledge of the oclc system. salary & rank: salary $21,000 upward, depending on experience and qualifications. rank dependent on qualifications. send letter of application and complete resume with the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of five references to: paula d. watson, chair, search committee, c/o library personnel office, 127 library, university of illinois library at urbana-champaign, 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il 61801. phone (217) 333-8169. for maximum consideration, applications and nominations should be received no later than june 15, 1987. candidates who will be attending the ala conference in san francisco may contact the search committee chair to set up an interview at the conference. the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. education librarian. (anticipated opening 8/15/87.) northern illinois university, dekalb. twelve-month, tenure-track position at the rank of assistant professor or above, depending on qualifications. responsibilities: under the direction of the social sciences & business department head, this position is responsible for the development, management, and assessment of library collections which support the programs of the college of education; library liaison activities between academic units; research assistance and reference service to library users, including participation at the departmental service desk; bibliographic instruction; and contributions to the development and implementation of library policies and procedures. qualifications: minimum mls from an ala-accredited library school and a second master’s degree or 30 hours of graduate course work beyond the mls (in education) required for appointment at the rank of assistant professor. applicants should have a strong commitment to effective library collection development and public services in the context of a publicly funded, academic june 1987 / 379 research library and an interest in the broad range of activities requisite for faculty advancement. preference will be given to applicants with at least two years of experience in an academic library. experience in collection development, reference work at the graduate research level, bibliographic instruction, and online database searching is desirable. salary and benefits: $20,000 minimum for twelve months; illinois retirement system; 24 days vacation; faculty status and rank. applications: applications received by july 1, 1987, will be given first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. send a letter of application with: (1) a complete statement of qualifications, (2) a resume of education and relevant experience, and (3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references to: gordon s. rowley, associate director for research services, founders memorial library, northern illinois university, dekalb, il 60115-2868. head of acquisitions. under general direction of assistant director for bibliographic services, manages total automated acquisitions operation from pre-order searching and verification, ordering, receiving, and invoicing through automated cataloging for oclc copy. serves as manager for the acquisitions subsystem for the geac integrated library system and administers library materials budget of $2.4 million. ala-accredited master’s degree and two years experience in acquisitions required. supervisory experience strongly preferred. knowledge of oclc and automated acquisitions and cataloging systems desirable. ability to interact effectively with all levels of staff and excellent oral and written communication skills mandatory. salary $25,000-$30,000, negotiable depending on qualifications and experience. excellent benefits package. as the research library for a four-campus system, the university of houston libraries’ holdings exceed 1.4 million volumes, with a current materials budget of $2.4 million. total staff includes 47 professionals and 200 support staff. the library is a member of arl. applications received by july 15, 1987, will receive first consideration. preliminary interviews may be held during ala san francisco. send letter of application, names of three references, and resume to: dana rooks, assistant director for administration, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. head, original cataloging unit, monograph cataloging division, the university of michigan library. responsibilities: managing and training staff in original cataloging and related support activities. michigan has made many bibliographic innovations including its brief record cataloging program which this individual will manage. assisting with the management of special format cataloging which includes scores, microfilms, and rare materials. serves as a system-wide cataloging consultant. responsible for cataloging decisions or problem solving for complex or difficult monographic materials or formats. serves as a technical liaison to other cataloging and database management centers within the library, and evaluates referred issues in terms of local cataloging practices. required: accredited mls. 5-7 years of experience as a monographic cataloger with particular emphasis on cataloging training and revision in both descriptive cataloging and subject analysis. significant knowledge of and experience with machine readable cataloging and the formats and conventions of both rlin and oclc, cataloging problem resolution and issues. effective knowledge of aacr2 and pre-aacr2 cataloging codes, lc subject headings and classification, and knowledge of the trends in bibliographic formats and systems on a local system and nationwide basis. supervisory experience. reading knowledge of three western european languages. ability to serve as a liaison as well as problem solver in a library environment of differing needs and interests. local system experience, including authority control highly desirable. minimum salary of 380 / c & r l n ew s $25,000, dependent on previous relevant experier‹~ and final determination of position rank. applications received by june 30, 1987, will be given first consideration. apply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library personnel and payroll services, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, mi 48109-1205. the university of michigan is a non discriminatory, affirmative action employer. humanities & behavioral sciences librarian. (anticipated opening 9/1/87.) northern illinois university, dekalb. twelve-month, tenure-track position at the rank of assistant professor or above, depending on qualifications. responsibilities: under the direction of the humanities & behavioral sciences department head, this position is responsible for the development, management, and assessment of library collections which support disciplines such as psychology, philosophy, and religion; library liaison activities between academic units; research assistance and reference service to library users, including participation at the departmental service desk; bibliographic instruction; and contributions to the development and implementation of library policies and procedures. qualifications: minimum: mls from an ala-accredited library school and a second master’s degree or 30 hours of graduate course work beyond the mls (preferably in psychology or philosophy) required for appointment at the rank of assistant professor. applicants should have a strong commitment to effective library collection development and public services in the context of a publicly funded academic research library and an interest in the broad range of activities requisite for faculty advancement. preference will be given to applicants with at least two years of experience in an academic library, and experience in collection development, reference work at the graduate research level, bibliographic instruction, and online database searching is desirable. salary and benefits: $20,000 minimum for twelve months; illinois retirement system; 24 days vacation; faculty status and rank. applications: applications received by july 1, 1987, will be given first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. send a letter of application with: (1) a complete statement of qualifications, (2) a resume of education and relevant experience, and (3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references to: gordon s. rowley, associate director for research services, founders memorial library, northern illinois university, dekalb, il 60115-2868. instruction/reference librarian. coordinate library instruction program which includes formal class in library skills, tours, demonstrations, and lectures; assistance at general reference desk; online bibliographic searching; possible collection development in humanities or social sciences depending upon qualifications; some evening and weekend hours. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school. preferred: bibliographic instruction experience, reference experience, advanced degree in humanities or social sciences, online searching experience. salary: minimum $18,000. will interview at ala conference in san francisco. send letter of application, resume and names of three references and/or placement file address by july 31, 1987, to: dennis r. defa, 328 marriott library, university of utah, salt lake city, ut 84112. the university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. library/learning center director, university of wisconsin-parkside. the university of wisconsin-parkside seeks a library/learning center director. the library/learning center has a strong service orientation, a nationally known program of bibliographic instruction, a commitment to facilitating faculty and student research, and an involvement in community outreach. in addition to the traditional areas of technical services and public services, june 1987 / 381 the library includes 1) the archives and area research center, 2) the media services division, which is responsible for the production of instructional materials as well as the maintenance and scheduling of equipment, and 3) a 65-station microcomputer center. it is in the process of installing the ls/2q00 automated library system. the library/learning center has 12 professionals, 12 support staff, and 60 student employees. the collection includes 343,000 volumes, 713,000 units of microform, and 17,900 audio-visual titles. the 1986-87 budget is approximately $1,145,000. candidates for the position of director should have an mls degree from an accredited library school; commitment to, and personal experience with, an aggressive service program, particularly in bibliographic instruction; experience with budget preparation and personnel management; demonstrated ability to work effectively with all segments of the university community; knowledge of current trends in electronic publishing and telecommunications. significant activity with professional library associations and a publication record are also desirable. the director reports directly to the vice chancellor/dean of faculty. salary $40,000 minimum depending on experience and qualifications. qualified candidates should send a letter of application, a complete resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four references to: john d. buenker, chair, library/learning center search and screen committee, university of wisconsin-parkside, kenosha, wi 53141-2000 by september 1, 1987. uw-parkside is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and encourages applications from women and minorities. manager, automated cataloging. (search re-opened.) manages program of 8 fte support staff responsible for pre-order searching and verification, copy cataloging, oclc input and all departmental oclc-related activities. requires master’s degree from ala-accredited library school, experience in cataloging operations, knowledge of marc formats, lcsh, lc classification, aacr2, and automated cataloging systems. supervisory experience preferred. excellent oral and written communication skills and ability to interact effectively with all levels of staff essential. salary in lower to mid $20s depending on qualifications and experience. excellent benefits package. as the research library for a four campus system, the university of houston libraries’ holdings exceed 1.4 million volumes, with a current materials budget of $2.4 million. total staff includes 47 professionals and 200 support staff. the library is a member of arl. applications received by july 15, 1987, will receive first consideration. interviews may be held during ala san francisco. send letter of application, names of three references and resume to: dana rooks, assistant director for administration, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer. online catalog development librarian. (anticipated opening 7/1/87.) northern illinois university, dekalb. twelve-month, tenure-track position at the rank of instructor or assistant professor. niu uses oclc and is participating in illinois’ development of a statewide union catalog. a four-year development plan for an online catalog is underway. responsibilities: under the direction of the cataloging and automated records department head, coordinates the development and operation of the libraries* online catalog; manages its file growth and access. participates in other aspects of the libraries’ automation program. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school required. strong communication skills and knowledge of oclc and microcomputers required. salary and benefits: $20,000 for twelve months; illinois retirement system; 24 days vacation; faculty status and rank. applications: applications received by july 1, 1987, will be given first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. send a letter of application with: (1) a complete statement of qualifications, (2) a resume of education and relevant 382 / c & r l n e w s experience, and (3) at least three names, addresses, and telephone numbers of references to: carroll h. varner, assistant director for technical services, founders memorial library, northern illinois university, dekalb, il 60115. reference librarian. new position open july 1, 1987. provide general reference service in all disciplines, computerized database searches, participate in reference collection development, and related public services. share evening and weekend schedules. requirements: strong social science background; ala-accredited mls; a foreign language; strong interest in computer applications and an appreciation for their value and limitations in libraries. minimum salary $21,000, usual fringe benefits, 22 working days vacation. entry level position but professional experience considered. send letter of application, resume, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: arthur monke, librarian, bowdoin college library, brunswick, me 04011. deadline july 1, 1987. bowdoin college is committed to equal opportunity through affirmative action. science librarian. (anticipated opening 8/15/87.) northern illinois university, dekalb. twelve-month, tenure-track position at the rank of assistant professor or above, depending on qualifications. responsibilities: under the direction of the science & engineering department head, this position is responsible for the development, management, and assessment of library collections which support programs in the sciences and engineering; library liaison activities between academic units; research assistance and reference service to library users, including participation at the departmental service desk; bibliographic instruction; and contributions to the development and implementation of library policies and procedures. qualifications: minimum: mls from an ala-accredited library school and a second master’s degree or 30 hours of graduate course work beyond the mls (preferably in the physical, mathematical, or earth sciences) required for appointment at the rank of assistant frofessor. applicants should have a strong commitment to effective library collection development and public services in the context of a publicly funded, academic resesrch library and an interest in the broad range of activities requisite for faculty advancement. preference will be given to applicants with at least two years of experience in an academic library; and experience in collection development, reference work at the graduate research level, bibliographic instruction, and online database searching is desirable. salary and benefits: $20,000 minimum for twelve months; illinois retirement system; 24 days vacation; faculty status and rank. applications: applications received by july 1, 1987, will be given first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. send a letter of application with: (1) a complete statement of qualifications, (2) a resume of education and relevant experience, and (3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least 3 references to: gordon s. rowley, associate director for research services, founders memorial library, northern illinois university, dekalb, il 60115. serials/reference librarian (assistant librarian). to manage technical and public service aspects of serials operation, including bibliographic control, bindery, subscriptions, renewals, publication of serials holdings lists, and supervision of periodicals/non-print public services unit (including microforms and photocopy services). will assume responsibility for incorporation of government serial publications within serials management program. supervises limited support staff and student assistants. will review serials automation systems and recommend on serials automation program. shares reference and collection development responsibilities with other librarians up to 10 hrs. per week. requires ala-accredited mls plus relevant experience and organizational/communication skills. 12-month contract; june 1987 / 383 faculty appointment in the range $21,386 —$2 5,6 3 2 excellent fringe benefits. nominations or applications letter, vitae, and 3 professional references by june 30, 1987, to: fred e. hearth, director, armacust library, university of redlands, 1200 e. colton avenue, redlands, ca 92374. keo employer. system services librarian, university of california, berkeley. systems service unit provides the primary contact for users of the library's automated systems. responsible for investigating and troubleshooting problems and special requests from system users, coordinating installations within the automated systems, and initiating proposals for new system applications and enhancements. supervise one librarian. mls degree; experience with computer based library systems; knowledge of the marc formats; excellent communication skills; professional public service experience, including computer-based reference. previous systems office experience in a large academic library desirable. full job description on request. appointment salary range $29,340 to $34,452. open until filled; candidates applying by 15 july 1987 will be given first consideration. send resume, including names and addresses of 3 professional references to: william e. wenz, room 447 general library, university of california, berkeley, ca 94720. eeo employer. technical services librarian. participates with the head of technical services in developing goals and procedures for acquisition and cataloging operations. performs original and copy cataloging of monographs, serials and nonprint materials. oversees reclassification and retrospective conversion projects. supervises catalog maintenance, including authority work. qualifications: mls and experience in technical services. knowledge of oclc, aacr2, lc classification and subject headings. ability to work with foreign language materials. salary from $19,500 depending upon experience. send resume and names of three references by july 10, 1987 to: phyllis cutler, college librarian, williams college, williamstown, ma 01267. eo/aa employer. veterinary information services librarian, flower veterinary library. the flower veterinary library serves primarily the 320 veterinary medical students, 70 graduate students, and 120 faculty members at the new york state college of veterinary medicine at cornell university. the college has active research programs in various areas including immunology, pathology, pharmacology, reproductive studies, and toxicology. the library currently maintains a collection of 75,000 volumes, 22,000 audiovisual items, and receives approximately 1,200 serial titles. the staff includes two librarians and 5.5 support personnel. it is a unit of the cornell university libraries system, a member of the research libraries group. responsibilities: under the direction of the veterinary medical librarian, provides general biomedical and veterinary reference service, online searching (brs, dialog, nlm), and user instruction/orientation to the college and community; furnishes information services to veterinarians and other individuals outside the university; performs some collection development and technical processing, including catalog maintenance; participates in special projects including the implementation of various automated systems. requires: mls degree from an ala-accredited institution; excellent interpersonal and communication skills; subject background or demonstrated interest in the life sciences helpful; ability to work well with people and strong public service orientation essential; experience searching online bibliographic databases and/or providing reference assistance in a health sciences library desirable. applications requested by july 1; however, will be accepted until position is filled. position available august 1, 1987. salary: $18,750+ depending on qualifications and experience. apply to: carolyn a. pyhtila, personnel director, 201 olin library, cornell university, ithaca, ny 14853-5301. cornell university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 384 / c & r l n ew s structure bookmarks keynote speakers (including toni carbo bearman, frank g. burke, ching-chih chen, and rear admiral grace m. hopper), and demon­strations, with representatives from 18 coun­tries. contact: conference ’87 coordinator, aum library administration, montgomery, al 36193-0401; (205) 244-9202.13-17, 20-24—automation: second annual li­brary automation institute, graduate school of library studies, university of hawaii at manoa. two sessions: “implementing and managing automated library systems” and “implement­ing a and piggus roastum on july 21. at the dinner david p. barnard, retiring dean for learning re­sources and conference chairperson, will be hon­ored. contact: marilyn mars, assistant to the dean for learning resources, university of wisconsin-stout, menomonie, wi 54751; (715) 232-2346.november2-3—linx: faxon’s sixth annual linx users’ meeting, sheraton boston hotel. theme: “con­nections: optimizing information links.” con­tact: the faxon company, 15 southwest park, westwood, ma 02090; (617) 329-3350.6-8—person news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­bers and $15 for non-members.contact: classified advertising dep’t, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780.positions openassistant reference librarian-intern, south dakota state university (10 month, term appointment, renewable up to four years). performs general reference services; shares responsibility for bibliographic instruction and online searching; assists in ill verifi­ cation and referenc june1987 / 361 362 / c&rl news guages, or communications are required. public services library ex­perience required; academic preferred. candidates with a back­ground in the creative arts will be given special consideration. reading knowledge of one or more modern foreign languages is preferred. must have strong written and oral communication skills and potential for active participation in academic and professional affairs. this is a 12-month tenure track position with appointment as instructor or assistant professor, depending upon qua ence in collection development. degree in one of the following sub­ject areas: mathematics, computer science, chemistry, astronomy, physics, geology, transportation studies, meteorology, and engi­neering. working knowledge of one of the following languages: french, german, italian or russian. preferred: collection develop­ment experience in arl library including collection analysis, collec­tion development policy formulation and application; work experi­ence in dealing with the book trade world; demonstrate head of monographic cataloging departmentthe university of texas at arlingtonthe university of texas at arlington libraries invite applications for the position of head of the mono­graphic cataloging department. located in the dallas/fort worth metroplex, the university has a current enrollment of approximately 23,000 and offers 97 degrees, 18 at the ph.d. level. the libraries’ staff num­bers over 100 and the 1986/87 budget was $5 million. the general collections are 650,000 volumes and u.s. g.p.o. numbers june 1987 / 363 catalog librarian search committee, c/o dean of library services, library, central washington university, ellensburg, wa 98926. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer, title ix institution.catalog librarian, san diego state university library. re­sponsibilities: cataloging in all aspects of science and technology. responsibilities may also include collection development, refer­ence, online bibliographic searching, library instruction, committee work, and other duties as assigned. qualifications: mls tive oral and written communication skills; ability to work effectively with faculty, students, and colleagues; skill in analyzing and inter­preting statistical data; familiarity with automated library systems de­sirable; second master’s degree highly desirable. faculty status, tenure-track. salary: $23,000 minimum; depends upon experience and qualifications. submit nominations or letter of application with re­sume, three letters of recommendation, copies of credentials and transcripts to: director’s office university, marquette, ml 49855-5376. deadline for applications: july 1, 1987. starting date: september 1, 1987. an aa/eo em­ployer.computer reference services librarian, california state university, sacramento. the computer reference services li­brarian reports to the associate university librarian for public ser­vices and is responsible for coordinating the planning, implementa­tion, and administration of library computer information services at departmental and library-wide levels. this includes managing gram; working knowledge of the latest developments in computer reference services; expertise on the protocols and contents of biblio­graphic, numeric, and textual databases; reference experience in an academic or research library; strong interpersonal, communication, planning, and organizational skills; and instructional and in-service training ability. desirable qualifications: ability to integrate auto­mated with traditional reference skills in an academic library; serve as a resource person; experience i director, science and engineering librarystate university of new york at buffalo(associate librarian/librarian). the sunyab libraries seek applications for the position of director, sci­ence and engineering library (sel). this is a tenure track, library faculty position with a minimum salary of $40,000.ub is the largest of the suny university centers with an enrollment of over 27,000 students. ub’s li­braries rank among the nation’s major research library systems. combined holdings of over two million volum the new yoork pupblic lpibraroy currrenttly uhas pnositioints opieen fosr: the research librariesresponsibilities include planning, administering, and managing operations within the four research libraries. this will include consulting with the research library’s management team on administrative, operations, and technical issues, reviewing and developing grant proposals, and recommen­ding in-service improvements. a masters degree in library science is required; graduate degree in humanities, history, or the social sciences desirable. solid experience in large research library ope the new york public librarywhere your future is an open bookan equal opportunity employer m/f june 1987 / 365 366 / c&rl news director of learning resources center (lrc). reo­pened. pìans/directs all lrc services, cataloging, acquisitions, av services. mls degree: 2 years' teaching experience: 5 years’ higher education lrc experience, preferably community college setting; 5 years’ lrc managerial experience required. instructional televisionfixed service (ifts), teleconferencing, other alternative delivery sys­tems experience preferred. ability to supervise facuíty/staff, work co­operatively with other college units. knowledge of nevada-reno library, reno, nv 89557, by july 15, 1987. an aafeeo employer.head, acquisitions department, the center for research libraries. the center for research libraries, a major inter-library co­operative serving its member research libraries with a collection de­signed to complement and supplement their own, seeks a head of acquisitions department. qualified candidates will have a master's degree in library science, five years’ progressively responsible expe­rience in a university or large research li assistant chief,overseas operationsdivision library of congressgs-1410-15; $53,830-$69,976. the library of congress is seeking candidates for the position of assistant chief, overseas operations division, to assist in the planning and operational responsibility for the overseas programs which include six re­gional offices in brazil, egypt, india, indonesia, kenya, and pakistan. minimum qualifications in­clude high level specialized experience in acquisi­tions, collections development, and related pro­grams as applied in a major research library. one p june 1987 / 367 catalog system; experience with retrospective conversion projects; demonstrated leadership abilities and supervisory skills; strong inter­personal and communication skills; reading knowledge of additional foreign languages; second master's degree and/or additional post graduate work. deadline for applications; june 30,1987. available; september 1,1987. salary; $25,000 or more according to qualifica­tions. benefits; tiaa/cref; state retirement system; comprehen­sive medical protection; 21 days vacation; univ working days during the first year of employment and 22 days there­after. flexible benefit program with open enrollments annually. group life, major medical, disability insurance plans are in effect as are tiaa/cref and social security coverage. applications accepted until position is filled. send resume and list of references to; thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue university, west lafayette, in 47907. an equal opportunity, af­firmative action employer.head of circulatio head, media departmentloyola marymount university, a catholic liberal arts college with an enrollment of 4700 students and graduate programs at the master’s level including communication arts, is seeking an individual to replace the retiring head of the media department of the university library. the media department is composed of a media collection, a media and equipment checkout operation, and a repair facility. the department head currently reports to the university librarian.duties: supervises access s 368 / c&rl news plications received by june 30,1987, will receive first consideration. an eo/aa employer.head of reference. florida international university, a member of the state university system, is seeking a head of reference to coor­dinate and supervise activities of the reference department. respon­sibilities: administer all functions of the department, including gov­ernment documents, microforms, computer assisted reference services and local and regional documents. plan, implement and evaluate general reference ser and committed to managing, developing, and promoting services. must demonstrate the ability to communicate effectively with stu­dents, faculty and librarians. supervisory experience is desirable. salary range $29,000-$35,000 for twelve months, depending on qualifications. eligible for tenure review. choice of retirement and health plans. send letter of application, resume, and list of three ref­erences to: james c. eller, associate dean for library services, box 68, the wichita state university, wichita, ks three tenure track positionsuniversity of hawaii libraryapplications and nominations are invited for three full time tenure track positions. librarians hold faculty status, are eligible for sabbatical leave and other academic privileges. all positions are available septem­ber, 1987. closing date: july 8,1987.the university of hawaii, manoa, is the major research campus of the university of hawaii system. located in manoa valley, a residential area of honolulu, the campus has an enrollment of 18,624 students june 1987 / 369 struction at various levels, working knowledge of automated library systems, and evidence of creative use of new technologies in deliv­ery of reference services. reference staff consists of 4 fte librarians, 1 paraprofessional, 1 clerk, and student employees. the ndsu li­brary is a member of tri-college university, a successful consortium (ndsu, moorhead state university, concordia college) with online catalog and circulation links to the minnesota state university sys­tem’s pals network. ndsu is located in provides reference assistance, group lectures, and database searches. requires: ala-accredited mls, five years of progres­sively responsible professional experience in academic library refer­ence services, supervisory experience, excellent communications skills, and the ability to provide imaginative leadership for expanding reference program. must have knowledge of library computer tech­nology sufficient to implement microcomputer applications and to assist in planning for integrated system. salary depende staff, and have experience conducting online searches. candidate must show initiative, flexibility and de­pendability. additional desired qualifications: a second master’s degree in a physical science, marine sci­ence or engineering field. the undergraduate degree should also have been in a science field. experience coordinating an online search service. reading knowledge of a foreign language. supervisory ability or potential.social science reference librarian. responsibilities: under the general direction 370 / c&rl news ciently adapted to changes in automated systems, service priorities and national developments. responsible for coordinating the work of the department with that of other library departments. may be called upon to represent the library within the uc system on matters relating to cataloging policy. maintains awareness of national and uc systemwide issues regarding bibliographic control and automa­tion of library catalogs, communicates these issues within the li­brary, and contributes to the identification and benefits. send letter of application with statement of personal refer­ence service philosophy, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 professional references to: d.s. ridge, associ­ate director of libraries, thomas cooper library, university of south carolina, columbia, sc 29208. application deadline july 1, 1987. aa/eeo employer.librarian of the tozzer library. reporting to the librar ian of harvard college, administers a library with collection of ap­proximately 160,000 volumes and pamphlets june 1987 / 371 icy and/or procedure formulation. qualifications: ala-accredited mls required. considerable experience, including original mono­graph cataloguing and authority work, in a research library essential. expert knowledge of lc classification and theory, lcsh, aacr2, and marc formats required. reading knowledge of one or more for­eign languages preferred. undergraduate or graduate degree in ap­propriate subject highly desirable. working knowledge of oclc cat­aloguing subsystem highly desirable. proven ability to required. candidates must demonstrate effective communication; interpersonal, analytical and problem-solving skills; the ability to work independently and exercise initiative; a commitment to a user service orientation for technical services in a dynamic environment. hiring salary range: $25,000-$30,000. to ensure full consideration send resume and names and addresses of three current, confiden­tial references by june 30,1987, to: search committee for principal monograph cataloguer (crl), massachusetts inst four positionsuniversity of california, san diegothe university of california, san diego, library invites applications for four positions. the university library system consists of the central university library, the biomedical and medical center libraries, the under­graduate library, the science and engineering library, the scripps institution of oceanography library, and the library of the graduate school of international relations and pacific studies. the library staff num­bers 300 ftp and collections to 372 / c&rl news equal opportunity employer with an affirmative action plan and wel­comes applications from women and minority candidates.reference/bibliographic instruction librarian.plymouth state college library is seeking applicants for the position of reference/bibliographic instruction librarian. along with the other four reference librarians, he/she provides reference services, teaches a one-credit business research method course and biblio­graphic instruction sessions, and conducts database searches. other responsib colleagues; familiarity with literature and resources of education pre­ferred; second master’s desirable. benefits include 20 days paid va­cation, plus university holidays; paid bc/bs health insurance; paid retirement (tiaa/cref or state). salary negotiable, minimum $20,000. applications should include resume, transcripts, and three letters of reference. deadline for applications is july 15, 1987. send applications to: ralph alberico, head reference librarian, carrier library, james madison university, harr june 1987 / 373 closely with the coordinators of reference services, database ser­vices, government documents, interlibrary loan, and automated access services, the candidate will develop a comprehensive library user instruction program. the library has recently undergone major expansion and renovation, and is currently installing an online cata­log. an ala-accredited mls and experience in library user educa­tion and database searching are required. preference will be given to background in psychology and/or education. sal man desirable. knowledge of oclc and major print and online bib­liographic tools. organizational, analytical, and supervisory abilities. effective communication skills. ability to work effectively with faculty, staff, and students. ability to assess book collections and knowledge of books, publishing, and the book trade desirable. salary: negotia­ble, minimum $19,000 for 10.5 months, minimum $20,000 with sec­ond master’s. benefits: competitive benefits package. no state in­come tax. faculty rank. position a director of librariesuniversity of colorado, boulderthe university of colorado is searching for an outstanding person assume the position of director of libraries for its main campus in boulder. the director, who is a tenured member of the university faculty, has primary administrative responsibility for all library services and operations (with the exception of the law library). these duties include long-range planning, policy formulation and implementation, budget preparation, personnel matters, and evalu 374 / c&rl news dents, faculty, and library colleagues. must be committed to provid­ southfornet information manager (position reo pened). university of georgia libraries. southfornet (southern forestry information network) is funded by u.s. forest service grants and self-generated income for the purpose of providing infor­mation services to the forestry community in the south. (salary mini­mum $18,000, commensurate with experience.) recent graduates may have the opportunity to participate in a special staff develop­ment program funded by the council on library resources. duties: responsibl ing high quality reference service. full-time, tenure-track, faculty po­sition, with rank of senior assistant librarian or associate librarian. salary range $29,643-$45,100. reappointment, promotion, and tenure require evidence of continuing professional development. desired starting date september 1,1987, but the position will remain available until filled. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by july 6, 1987. please submit letter of application with re­sume and names of at least three late job listingsacquisitions librarian, monographs department. the university of alabama libraries seeks applicants for the position of acquisitions librarian, monographs department. the position has the responsibility of supervising a staff of six full—time employees and approximately 100 hours per week student assistants. the applicant will be expected to have a master’s degree from a program accredited by ala, not less than two years professional experience in an academic/research library, successful ad june 1987 / 375 producing expenditure forecasts is desirable, as is a working knowledge of one or more european languages. this 12-month, tenure track position carries rank of assistant professor in the university libraries. salary minimum $21,000, commensurate with experience and qualifications. liberal benefits provided. with letter of application, include a resume and the names of three references to be contacted in the event that more specific information is required. the deadline for applications is july 15, 1987; pro 376 / c&rl news july 15, 1987, will receive first consideration. interviews may be held during ala san francisco. send nominations, or applications with resume and names of three references to: robin n. downes, director of libraries, university of houston libraries, 4800 calhoun, houston, tx 77004. equal opportunity employer.associate curator, special collections department. the university of alabama seeks applicants for the position of associate curator to assist the assistant dean of special collections and preservation june 1987 / 377 in the planning, implementation and operation of library automated systems; in library microcomputer utilization; in operation of the libraries’ ls/2 (alis) system; and in implementation of a second generation integrated online library system (iols). required: ala-accredited mls; three years of professional library experience; experience with automated library systems; knowledge of systems analysis, computer hardware and software; ability to communicate effectively with technically and non-technically orien catholic seminary serving the ardchdiocese of milwaukee. it is an institution accredited by the north central association and association of theological schools granting m.div and mts degrees. besides training young men for ordained ministry, st. francis seminary has a strong lay formation program open to men and women. st. francis is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. requirements: 1) mls degree from an ala-accredited institution; 2) a degree or its equivalency in catholic theological st 378 / c&rl news master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school are required. preference will be given to candidates holding the ph.d. salary in the upper $20s. appointment to be effective august 15, 1987. send letter of application with a resume and three letters of reference to: robert e. shimp, academic dean, kentucky wesleyan college, owensboro, ky 42301. closing date for application: june 19, but applications will be accepted until the position is filled. eoe.documents librarian. university of illinois library a june 1987 / 379 research library and an interest in the broad range of activities requisite for faculty advancement. preference will be given to applicants with at least two years of experience in an academic library. experience in collection development, reference work at the graduate research level, bibliographic instruction, and online database searching is desirable. salary and benefits: $20,000 minimum for twelve months; illinois retirement system; 24 days vacation; faculty status and rank. applications: applications 380 / c&rl news $25,000, dependent on previous relevant experier‹~ and final determination of position rank. applications received by june 30, 1987, will be given first consideration. apply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library personnel and payroll services, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, mi 48109-1205. the university of michigan is a non discriminatory, affirmative action employer.humanities & behavioral sciences librarian. (anticipated opening 9/1/87.) northern illinois university, dekalb june 1987 / 381 the library includes 1) the archives and area research center, 2) the media services division, which is responsible for the production of instructional materials as well as the maintenance and scheduling of equipment, and 3) a 65-station microcomputer center. it is in the process of installing the ls/2q00 automated library system. the library/learning center has 12 professionals, 12 support staff, and 60 student employees. the collection includes 343,000 volumes, 713,000 units of microform, and 17,900 audio 382 / c&rl news experience, and (3) at least three names, addresses, and telephone numbers of references to: carroll h. varner, assistant director for technical services, founders memorial library, northern illinois university, dekalb, il 60115.reference librarian. new position open july 1, 1987. provide general reference service in all disciplines, computerized database searches, participate in reference collection development, and related public services. share evening and weekend schedules. requirements: strong social s june 1987 / 383 faculty appointment in the range $21,386 —$2 5,6 3 2excellent fringe benefits. nominations or applications letter, vitae, and 3 professional references by june 30, 1987, to: fred e. hearth, director, armacust library, university of redlands, 1200 e. colton avenue, redlands, ca 92374. keo employer.system services librarian, university of california, berkeley. systems service unit provides the primary contact for users of the library's automated systems. responsible for investigating and troubleshooting probl 384 / c&rl news p p acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries october 1996/613 assistant librarian ^ state university of new york l ■j institute of technology at utica/rome f t r e porting to the library dim;tor. the aucreasful candidate will be one of three public service libriana who share references duties; bibliographic instruction; on-line and cd rom marches; act as a liaison to an academic department, and aaaist in collection development. in addition, he or she will be responsible for acquisition! and other dutiea as needed. duties may also included nights, weekends and holiday coverage. the library has a collection of 160,000 volumes, 50,000 government documents, 2,000 serial titles. automated resources include: si rsi unicorn automated library system, internet, first search, and a cd-rom local area network. q u alific atio n s: an earned mls from an ala accredited institution is required; 2-5 years experience is preferred; salarv to be commensurate with experience. this is a 12 monui tenure track position. a review of applications w ill begin october 4, 19%. send a letter of application, resume, and names addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: mr. d aniel schabert d irector o f libraries and l su e a n r y ni n in g s r ti e tu so te u r o c f e t s echnology a t utica/rome draw er 6113, p.o. box 3060 utica, new york 13604-6060 women and umlenrprrariued minorities a it tn co u nyp d to apply. an equal opportunity i affirmative adum employer the classified ads d e a d lin e s : o rders fo r regular classified advertisem ents must reach the ac r l office on o r before the second o f the month preceding publication o f the issue (e.g., septem ber 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a w eekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second o f the month. r a t e s : classified advertisem ents are $8.45 per line for institutions that are ac r l members, $10.45 for others. late job notices are $20.25 per line fo r institutions that are ac rl members, $24.25 for others. o rganizations subm itting ads will be charged according to their mem bership status. dis­ play ad rates range from $375 to $710 based upon size. please call for sizes and rates. g u id e lin e s : for ads that list an application deadline, we suggest that date be no soonerthan the 20th day o f the month in which the notice appears (e .g ,, o ctober 20 fo r the october issue). all job announcem ents should include a salary range per policy of the am erican library association (ala). job announcem ents will be edited to exclude discrim inatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in m eaning am ong institutions. in t e r n e t : c&rl n ew s classified ads are accessible on ac rl's hom epage on the w orld w ide w eb a t http:// w w w .ala.org/acrl.htm l. ads will be placed approxim ately 2-3 weeks before the printed edition of c&rl n ew s\s published. to reach c&rl n ew sn et access the a c r l homepage (http://w ww .ala.org/acrl.htm l), select c&rl news, and then chose the menu item job postings by job titlec o n t a c t : jack helbig, classified advertising manager, c&rl ne wsclassified advertising department, acrl, ameri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611 2795; (312) 280-2513; fax: (312) 280-7663or (312) 280-2520; e-mail: jhelbig@ ala.org. p o lic y : ala policy requires that organizations recruiting through ala publications o r placem ent services com ply with ala anti-discrim ination policies. policy 54.3 states th a t“ala is com m itted to equality o f opportunity fo r all library em ploy­ ees or applicants fo r em ploym ent, regardless o f race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life­ style, o r national origin." by advertising through ala se r­ vices, the organization agrees to com ply with this policy. books for sale internet discount professional book center. 40 per­ cent off list price. 1000’s of new/current books. all subjects. no second hand/remainders, http://www.probooks.com positions open academic center librarian. provide library user education and reference assistance to students and faculty engaged in the off campus undergraduate and graduate degree programs in california, washington, and colorado. act as liaison with academic depart­ ments, evaluate information needs, and collection development. mis (or degree pending/ala-accredited) and seconds master’s in another subject discipline. professional experience in public service settings, experience with electronic resources, strong organizalional and com­ munication skills, and ability to travel and work some evenings and weekends. application process. submit application and resume to: chapman u n iversity library, sharon hybki kerr, 333 n. glasse!!, orange, ca 92866. an eoe employer. archivist/specialcollections librarian. auburn univer­ sity at montgomery seeks qualified individual for tenure-track posi­ tion. faculty rank. required: an ala/mls degree or equivalent; formal training in archival theory and practice; ability to communicate and work effectively with donors, colleagues, and a diverse clienteie. desirable: familiarity with marc cataloging for archival and manu­ script materials; additional advanced degree in history or another relevant subject field. responsibilities: collect, appraise, organize, preserve, and provide reference to primary source and printed mate­ rials relating to the university and identified collecting areas of the unit. will also assist in the provision of general reference duties at the central reference desk of the library; serve as liaison to the teaching faculty for the development of the library collections in designated subject areas. to apply: send letter of application, resume, names, addresses, and phone numbers of three recent references by novem­ ber 15, 1996, to; rickey best, chair, archivist/special collection search committee, a uburn u n iversity at m ontgom ery library, 7300 university dr., montgomery, al 36117-3596. an aa/eeo employer. assistant to the university librarian. reporting to the university librarian, this position will work with the university librar­ ian and the library’s executive council to advance the library’s mission and to become acquainted with a broad spectrum of issues related to the management of a large research library. responsibili­ ties include: coordinating special library-wide projects, such as identifying standard statistics to be collected by each department; conducting statistical analyses; drafting and revising reports, studies, and other documents; coordinating the continued development of the library’s longand short-range strategic planning; writing grant pro­ posals; assisting in the management of the library’s public relations program; and providing support to the staff development program. requirements: ala-accredited mls and two or more years profes­ sional experience in an academic or research library. ability to plan, organize, and implement projects; understanding of the service philosophy of a university library to users at all levels; broad knowl­ edge of library, information services, and technologies; specific knowledge of statistics; excellent communication skills, both written http://www.ala.org/acrl.html http://www.ala.org/acrl.html mailto:jhelbig@ala.org http://www.probooks.com 614/c&rl news two positions harvard law school library b ib lio g r a p h e r for is la m ic law responsibilities: primary responsibility includes building and organizing the library’s islamic law collections. selects new and retrospective materials in islamic law in vernacular and western languages. analyzes collection in strengths; recommends programmatic changes. orders and processes materials. catalogs using aacr-ii library of congress subject headings, lc classification systems, rlin. contributes authority via naco. primary liaison with islamic legal studies programs. middle eastern divisions of harvard college library and other islamic institutions. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited school or equivalent degree/experience required. fluent reading knowledge of arabic required. excellent oral and written english communication skills, ability to work effectively in complex environment and flexibility to manage change required. three years academic, research, or law library experience preferred. knowledge of islamic law and the positive law of countries of islamic world preferred. h ead of c o py c a ta lo g in g and d a ta b a s e m a n a g e m e n t responsibilities: supervises library assistants in copy cataloging of english and foreign language materials with library of congress copy and contributed copy from rlin bibliographic utility. supervises searching, production, maintenance of rlin bibliographic records, university library’s integrated processing system, and on-line catalog. trains staff. catalogs new materials using aacr2, lc subject headings, 1c classification, local classification system, rlin bibliographic utility. participates in general management of department; serves on committees in department, law library, harvard university library system and national professional organizations. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited school required. two years professional cataloging experience, minimum one year demonstrated successful supervisory experience, proven working knowledge of two foreign languages, familiarity with automated cataloging and authority control proce­ dures required. hollis or other notis-based system familiarity, rlin or oclc bibliographic utility familiarity preferred send resume to: harry s. martin iii harvard law school library 1525 mass. ave. cam bridge, ma 02138 and oral; experience in analyzing com plex system s; ability to bring people o f different backgrounds together to achieve m utually desired objectives. interest in participating in a dynam ic environm ent. m ini­ mum salary: $33,000. excellent benefits including academ ic status. review of applications will continue until the position is filled. appli­ cants should send a co ver letter, resume, and the nam es of a t least three references to: phyllis barrow, head, adm inistrative and finan­ cial services, lauinger library, georgetown university, 3700 o st., nw, w ashington, dc 20057-1174. g eorgetown u niversity is an affirm ative a ction/equal o pportunity employer. assista n t university librarian for collection de­ velopm ent. the u niversity of nevada, las vegas is seeking an assistant u niversity librarian fo r collection d evelopm ent to direct collection developm ent and m anagem ent activities for the libraries. reports to the dean o f the libraries and serves as a m em ber o f the dean's cabinet. r esponsibilities: m anages an annual m aterials acquisition budget in excess of $3.5 million and a current collection o f approxim ately 800,000 volum es, 7,250 serial titles, and over one million microforms; supervises bibliographers and coordinates col­ lection developm ent and m anagem ent activities in oth e r divisions; evaluates collections and directs acquisition activities to enhance research collections; m aintains effective com m unication with a ca­ dem ic departm ents and to the wider university com m unity; under­ stands the interaction of traditional and electronic resources and translates that understanding into an aggressive collection policy w hich supports both, within the context o f the university’s overall planned growth. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. minim um of seven years of increasing professional responsibility and leadership with collection-related activities in an academ ic o r research library. broad knowledge and experience w ith academ ic/research collection developm ent and m anagem ent issues, inform ation technology, and automation. knowledge of trends in publishing and research. w orking knowledge o f standard selection and evaluation methods and tools and autom ated acquisition system s. supervisory and budget m an­ a gem ent experience. strong leadership, com m unication, and deci­ sion-m aking skills. evidence o f professional and scholarly activity. c om m itm ent to fostering a collaborative work environment. pre­ ferred: a second master’s degree or an earned doctorate, and working knowledge o f at least one non-english language. twelve-m onth, tenure-track position, faculty status, 24 days annual leave, retirement options, health insurance, no state incom e tax. s alary range: $45,000 $50,000. send letter of application, curricula vitae, a brief (250 word) statem ent o f yo ur philosophy of collection d evelopm ent and manage­ ment, and nam es, addresses, and telephone num bers o f three references to: peter michel, search committee chair, jam es r. dickinson library, university of nevada, las vegas, 4505 maryland parkway, box 457001, las vegas, nv 89154-7001. for m ore infor­ mation, see the jam es r. dickinson library’s home page at: http:// www .nscee.edu/unlv/libraries/ libhom e.htm l. all positions are con­ tingent upon funding. r eview o f a pplications begins on n ovem ber 4, 1996, and will continue until the position is filled. aa/eoe. cataloging libra rian. responsible fo r the classification, cata­ loging, and processing of m aterials in all form ats (including elec­ tronic), using o c lc and notis databases. full-tim e faculty appointhttp://www.nscee.edu/unlv/libraries/ october 1996/615 muhlenberg college library – reference team coordinator creative, enthusiastic, energetic individual sought for this position as a member o f a team o f three full-time reference librarians and three part-time paraprofessionals. the coordinator will be a subject specialist in the social sciences and, under the general direction o f the library director, will be responsi­ ble for all reference services. responsibilities include service development, expansion o f outreach and instruction, staff supervision, departmental budget management, and policy and practice formulation for a vigorous information literacy program. accredited ala, mls, minimum o f two years academic library experience, and ability to plan, implement and supervise a multifaceted reference program required. extensive knowledge o f electronic resources necessary. background in psychology, education or business preferred, second master’s in a social science preferred. the college is a selective, private, liberal arts college o f 1,700+ students, located in a suburban setting within easy driving distance o f philadelphia and new york city. trexler library is a modern 76,000 sq. ft. facility holding over a quarter o f a million volumes. fully automated, the library subscribes to over 20 cd-rom databases. w e offer a comprehensive benefits package and competitive salary, commensurate with qualifications and experience. expected starting salary in the low $40’s. to apply, send letter of application, 1–2 page statement o f your philosophy o f reference in the liberal arts college, resume and names/phone numbers o f three professional references to m y r n a m c c a lliste r, d ire c to r, t r e x le r l ib r a r y , m u h le n b e r g c o lle g e , a lle n t o w n , p a 18104. application review begins october 31, 1996 and will continue until the position is filled. eoe. muhlenberg c o l l e g e m ent. m a ster’s deg re e in l ibrary s cie nce from an ala-a ccre dite d institution. m inim um o f o ne ye a r o f cata lo ging e xpe rie n ce using o clc. no tis e xpe rie n ce d esirable. kno w le d ge o f co p y a nd original cataloging, auth ority w ork, s u bje ct analysis, and e ffe ctive b iblio ­ g ra p h ic co ntro l o f lib ra ry co lle ction s. k no w le d ge o f p rin cip le o f bibliographic organization through cataloging and classification. k now l­ edge o f cu rre n t tre n d s in tech n ical se rvice s o pe ra tion s. kno w le d ge o f aac r 2, lc cla ssifica tion , lcsh, m ar c form ats, and o clc. send le tte r o f application, resum e, and list o f th re e references to: c arol g arey, c h a ir o f s earch c o m m itte e, u nive rsity library, g rand v alley s ta te u niversity, alle nd a le, ml 49401. app lica tio n dea dlin e d ate is d e cem be r 1, 1996. e ee o /aa/ad a. c o lle c tio n m a n a g em en t lib r a r ia n for s o c ia l and beh a v io r a l sc ien c e s. virg in ia c om m o n w ea lth university, uni­ ve rsity l ibrary services. position: c o lle ction m a n ag em en t librarian fo r social and b ehavioral sciences. d escription: v irg in ia c o m m o n ­ w ealth u nive rsity se eks an energetic, kn ow ledgeable, and forw ard looking individual to co ordin a te the se lectio n o f m o n ograph, serial, non-print, and e le ctro n ic m a terials in th e social and b eh avioral sciences. a re a s o f resp on sib ility in clu de a nthropology, education, p olitical scie nce , p sycho lo gy, pub lic a d m inistratio n , social work, sociology, and o th e r related d isciplines. d u ties include: 1) m onitoring b ud ge t a llo catio n s fo r a ssign e d areas; 2) review ing a pproval m a teri­ als, m onitoring plans, and assisting in pre pa rin g profiles; 3) e valu a t­ ing gifts; 4) assessing co llection n eeds throu g h form a l e valuations; 5) m aking pre serva tio n decisions; 6 ) co lla bo ra ting w ith lib ra ria n s and fa cu lty in deve lo ping co lle ction goals, policies, p rogram s, and b ud ­ gets; 7) preparing a ccre dita tion reports and e valu a ting library su pp ort fo r new courses and program s; and 8 ) w o rkin g clo sely w ith departsalary guide listed below are the latest minim um starting figures recommended by state library associations and the north carolina state library for professional library posts in these states. these recommendations are intended fo r governmental agencies that employ librarians. the recom­ mendations are advisory only, and ala has not adopted recommenda­ tions for minim um salaries. for information on librarian salaries, job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 1 5 , 1989, issue of library journal, the ala survey o f librarian salaries, the annual a r l salary survey, o r the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacancies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel re­ sources. c on necticu t $31,273 d elaw are $22,500+ illinois $27,400# indiana varies* iowa $24,533 louisiana $22,000 maine varies* m assachusetts $27,554* n ew je rse y $30,128 n ew y ork varies* n orth c aro lin a $24,367+ o hio $25,198+ pennsylvania $26,400 r ho de island $29,800 s ou th c aro lin a varies* s ou th d akota $22,000 texas $26,000 v erm o nt $26,464 w e s t v irg in ia $22,000 w isconsin $25,830 *r a th e r tha n e sta b lish o ne s ta te w id e s a la ry m inim um , so m e s ta te a s s o c ia tio n s h a v e a d o p te d a fo rm u la b a se d on such va ria b le s as co m p a ra b le s a la rie s fo r p u b lic sch o o l te a c h e rs in e ach co m m u n ity o r th e g ra d e le vel o f a p ro fe ssio n a l lib ra ria n p ost. in th e se ca ses, yo u m a y w ish to c o n ta c t th e sta te a s s o c ia ­ tio n fo r m in im u m s a la ry in fo rm a tio n . + s a la ry m inim um s fo r public lib ra ria n s only. # o ption fo r local form ula. 616/c&rl news the johns hopkins university milton s. eisenhower library librarian iii electronic/digital resources bibliographic control the milton s. eisenhower library is launching an expanded program to digitize, network, and provide bibliographic control for a wide variety of textual materials and images. the cataloging department is responsible for cataloging materials in all formats and is actively engaged in activities that enhance intellectual access to electronic resources. the library is seeking an experienced professional cataloger, familiar with a variety of electronic formats and internet resources, who can provide leadership in developing our bibliographic control program for electronic resources. reporting to the head of cataloging, the incumbent will work with staff from the computer-based resources and services team/digital knowledge center, the resource services department, and the library systems office to develop plans and methods for providing appropriate intellectual access to digital resources added to the library’s collections, to resources locally digitized, and to those made available through the campus network. the successful candidate for this position will have demonstrated ability to work in a changing environment where responsibilities will evolve in response to development opportunities. the eisenhower library prizes initiative, creativity, professionalism, and teamwork. major responsibilities: • coordinate the creation of authoritative headings and html mark-up of online table of contents for project muse, the johns hopkins university electronic publishing initiative; • perform original cataloging of materials in a variety of formats; • collaborate with library staff in mapping metadata from external resources to accepted standards and formats; • collaborate with library staff in developing the organizing principles and logical arrangement of the library’s web home pages; • work cooperatively with all areas of library staff to implement a new integrated library system and to define indexing needs for the library’s virtual catalog of z39.50 resources; • participate in local and national discussions relating to providing bibliographic access to electronic resources through professional development and service activities. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; three years original cataloging experi­ ence; knowledge of standards relating to metadata, cataloging electronic resources, and fall-text retrieval; knowledge of aacr2r, lc subject headings, usmarc formats, html, sgml, tei, z39.50; reading knowledge of at least two foreign languages; experience with computer applications in libraries including a local automated system; familiarity with the bibliographic utilities; strong communication, organizational, and training skills; ability to write and implement procedures; demonstrated problem­ solving skills; flexible; ability to prioritize work to ensure that departmental and library goals are realized; ability to work independently as well as part of a team. previous project management and supervisory experience desired. the starting salary range is $33,000 $41,950 depending upon experience and education. to be considered for this position, please send letter of application, resume,. and three letters of reference indicating job #s96-539, by o ctober 31‚ 1996, to: the johns hopkins university homewood human resources 119 garland hall 3400 n. charles st. baltimore, md 21218 women and minorities are encouraged to apply. excellent benefits including life and health insurance, dental and tuition plans for staff member, spouse, and dependent children. smoke free and drug free. aa/eoe. october 1996/617 head of reference c a l if o r n ia st a t e u n iv e r s it y , f r e s n o c alifo rnia state university, fresno, seeks an experienced, d ynam ic leader in reference and in ­ form ation services to guide and manage a department o f six fu ll-tim e and fo u r part-tim e lib ra r­ ians, three fu ll-tim e library assistants, and student assistants. the departm ent provides trad i­ tio n a l reference assistance, electronic inform ation access (including a c d -r o m lan), library instruction, ill, and m u lticu ltu ra l services. c alifornia state university, fresno is one o f the 22 campuses o f the california state university system. the current enrollm ent is approxim ately 18,000 students. the campus, w h ich has been designated as an arboretum, is spread over 1,400 acres. m etropolitan fresno is located on the western edge o f the sierra nevada m ountain range w ith in easy driving distance o f yosemite, kings canyon, and sequoia national parks, san francisco, los angeles, and the monterey peninsula. responsibilities: manages all activities o f the reference departm ent; develops departm ental goals and objectives; directs the coordinators o f library instruction/inform ation literacy pro­ grams, and m u lticu ltu ra l services; oversees reference c o lle ctio n developm ent and interlibrary loans; fosters a w e lco m in g service environm ent; provides leadership in evaluating existing ser­ vices and de ve lo ping new services for on-site and off-cam pus locations; participates in the library's management as a member o f its a dm inistrative c ouncil. reports to the associate u n i­ versity librarian. q u alific atio n s required: mls from an ala-accredited library school (or equivalent); five years increasingly responsible professional experience in an academic library reference depart­ ment; experience in traditional reference services and in the use o f emerging technologies and electronic resources. experience in library instruction. evidence o f planning, organizational, prob­ lem-solving, and management skills; evidence o f initiative, creativity, and strong oral and w ritten communication skills. collegiality and the ability to work productively and cooperatively with others. preferred: management experience in an academic library; experience w ith distance learning programs. salary/benefits: salary: $47,940 or higher, commensurate w ith qualifications and experience. this is a 12-month tenure track position. librarians have faculty rank, status, privileges, and re­ sponsibilities. deadline: to ensure fu ll consideration, submit a letter of application and resume w ith names, address, phone numbers, and e-mail addresses o f three references by 2 december 1996 to: michael gorman, dean henry madden library california state university, fresno 5200 n. barton, fresno ca 93740-8014 california state university, fresno is an eo/aa employer. mental facu lty to id entify priorities, coordinate collection growth, and m aintain effective com m unication. position m ay include providing inform ation and instructional se rvice s in the u se r s ervices division. position reports to the head o f the c ollection m anagem ent services. qualifications: a la -accredited mls required. t h e follow ing qua lifica ­ tio ns are preferred: a cadem ic background in a social science d isci­ pline, with an advanced degree stro ng ly desired; tw o o r m ore years experience d eveloping collections in a research library; a w areness of n ational tre n d s in sch ola rly p ublishing; kn ow ledge o f e lectron ic resources in the social and b eh avioral sciences; kn ow ledge of approval plans; ability to com m unicate a strong library im age to university facu lty and a dm inistrators; experience w ith library autom a­ tion and tech n olo g y a pplications in a cadem ic lib raries; strong service orientation and /or public services experience; e xcellent oral and written com m unication skills; positive interpersonal style; ability to wo rk in dependently as well as part o f a team ; sensitivity to the co nce rn s of a research library and its users; initiative and creativity; strong analytical skills; fle xibility and the a bility to a ccept and manage change; ability to organize tim e and d e live r w o rk on deadline; in volve­ m ent in professional activities; ability to m eet requirem ents fo r faculty a dvancem ent, including professional service and publication. expe­ rience w orking in a culturally diverse e nvironm ent highly preferred. environm ent: virginia com m onw ealth u niversity is a p ublicly-sup­ ported urban, research u niversity in r ichm ond, virginia, serving a pproxim ately 22,000 students w ith 2 ,000 full-tim e facu lty on both the a cad em ic ca m p us and a t the m edical c ollege o f v irginia. the university aw ards doctoral d egrees in 20 fields, and has recently e stablished a school o f engineering. vcu is a m e m b er of the 618/c&rl news associate university librarian for technical services university of oregon responsibilities: the university of oregon is seeking an experienced, dynamic individual to share leadership of the uo libraries, including coordination of technical services functions. manages five departm ents (acquisitions, serials, catalog, preservation & binding, and interlibrary loan) with a total of approxim ately 49 staff, plus student assistants. monitors expenditures of materials budget of approxim ately $4 million. overall responsibility for bibliographic control of library materials in all languages and in all formats, including scores, sound recordings, microforms, videotapes, software, maps, manuscripts, and electronic resources. overall responsibility for the library’s participation in oclc, which includes cjk and union listing, overall responsibility for the library’s preservation activities, including in-house and comm ercial binding, physical processing, conservation, and repair. overall responsibility for the library’s interlibrary loan activities. library-wide responsibilities: collabo­ rates with other m embers of library administration in budgetary and personnel policy decisions; and development, implementation, and evaluation of library programs and services. may participate directly in library instructional and collection developm ent programs. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls degree; six years post-m ls progressively responsible technical services experience in an academ ic library, including adm inistrative responsi­ bility for at least one m ajor technical services function; awareness of current issues in technical services m anagem ent and in the application of technology to library programs and services; experience with oclc and fam iliarity with integrated library systems; superior oral and written communication skills; substantial record of contribution to the profession; excellent interpersonal skills; collaborative m anagem ent style; and demonstrated ability to initiate and manage rapid change in a complex organizational setting. preferred: additional graduate degree. sa lar y: $57,500 minimum. appointment beyond the minimum salary will be dependent upon qualifications, prior experience, and academ ic rank. benefits include a choice of m edical/dental plans (blue cross/blue shield or hmo options), several retirement options, 22 vacation days, and low staff tuition rates for continuing education. partial funding and release tim e provided for participation in regional and national conferences, and o th e r professional developm ent opportunities. employment: librarians have faculty status and privileges, academ ic rank (assistant professor professor), and are, non-tenure track, with fixed-term, renewable contracts (two or three years, depending on rank). professional growth and service in keeping with university and library standards for promotion and retention is expected. deadline for applications: applications received by 5 :0 0 p .m ., n o v e m b e r 27, 19 9 6 will receive priority consideration. to ap ply: send cover letter, resume, and names, addresses, phone numbers, and e-mail addresses of four references (including your most current supervisor) to: laine s tam ba ug h p erso n ne l l ibrarian 1299 u n iv e rs ity of o reg o n library e ugene, o r 97 40 3 -1 2 9 9 phone: (54 1) 3 4 6-1 895 fax: (54 1 ) 3 4 6-3 485 university libraries: the university of oregon is an arl library which serves over 17,000 undergraduate and graduate students and 760 full tim e and 430 part-time faculty members. its two million volume collection serves as an im portant research facility for scholars throughout the northwest. the library participates in oclc, naco, and saco, and a statewide union catalog, and uses the innopac integrated system for all its operations. the knight library (main library) recently was expanded and renovated, and includes a state-of-the-art electronic classroom and a fully-equipped information technology center. for more information about the university and the library, consult the following web states: (uo) http://www.uoregon.edu/hor.html; (uc library) http://libweb.uoregon.edu/. for more information about the library staff and the com m unity of eugene, oregon, consult: http:// www.uoregon.edu/admnpers/libpers.html. http://www.uoregon.edu/hor.html http://libweb.uoregon.edu/ http://www.uoregon.edu/admnpers/libpers.html october 1996/619 cataloger/database maintenance librarian skidmore college, a strong liberal arts college located in saratoga springs, ny, seeks a cataloger/database maintenance librarian who is both a traditionalist and a futurist. this is a non-tenure track, 10 month faculty position at one of the librarian ranks. all faculty are expected to show evidence of professional accomplishment and service to receive continuing appointment. the position reports to the head of technical services. position includes overall responsibility for: creation, maintenance, quality control of the library’s bibliographic records; supervision of the cataloging unit, consisting of two full time staff and several part time student workers; original cataloging and the resolution of cataloging problems; and, under the direction of the head of technical services, the development of new procedures and the implementation of new systems to achieve greater effectiveness and efficiency in bibliographic processing. the person in this exciting position will help plan and implement new information management systems in the library that will provide the skidmore community with access to electronically-based information resources in support of both the curriculum and scholarship. all librarians are expected to participate in the staffing of the reference desk as well as perform some liaison work with an academic department. skidmore has recently completed a major renovation and expansion of its library. the library is currently using the dynix system, but the campus will be evaluating the system. it is possible that the library will be migrating to a new system by 1998. the successful candidate will play a leadership role in any migration. other issues to be addressed: conversion of brief serial records to marc records; possible classification of journals; cataloging government documents; authority control; providing access to electronic information. required qualifications: master’s degree from an ala-accredited program; 2 years’ professional cataloging experience; experience with automated bibliographic utility and with an integrated library system; knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, and marc formats. strong oral, written, organizational and interpersonal skills. strong problem solving skills, flexibility, and a sense of humor. pc proficiency and current awareness of developing technologies. preferred qualifications: experience with music cataloging. experience with oclc. supervisory experi­ ence. evidence of professional service and/or research. subject masters. position to begin january 1 , 1997. consideration of applications will begin october 15, 1996. please send a current vita and the names of three references to: peggy seiden, college librarian, scribner library, skidmore college, saratoga springs, ny 12866. people from diverse racial, ethnic and s c k ultural ba i ckg d rounds ar m e especially e o ncouraged r to apply. c o l l e g e e association of s outheast r esearch libraries, the c ente r fo r re­ search libraries, and the n ational n etw ork o f libraries o f medicine. the l ibrary has o ve r 1.1 m illion volum es, 10,000 current serials, and a m aterials budget in the cu rre nt fisca l y e a r of over $4.5 m illion. the library is highly autom ated w ith 300 w orkstations, all notis m odules operational, centralized a ccess to over 100 databases and other electronic resources, a grow ing p resence on the internet (http:// exlibris.uls.vcu.edu/uls.htm l), and active leadership in the virtual library o f virginia (viva). salary: $30,000 m inim um with a co m p eti­ tive benefits p ackage including rem uneration fo r u niversity courses. a pplication: subm it resum e and the nam es and phone num bers fo r three cu rre nt references to: s usanna bartm ann pathak, head, c ollec­ tion m anagem ent services, u niversity l ibrary services, virginia c om m onw ealth university, vcu box 2 033, richm ond, va 2 3284 2033; e-m ail: sbpathak@ gem s.vcu.edu (fo r inform ation only). re­ vie w o f a pplications will begin in n ovem ber 1996. virg in ia c o m m o n ­ w ealth u niversity is an equal o pportunity/affirm ative action em­ ployer. m inorities, w om en, and p ersons with disab ilities are e nco ur­ aged to apply. co py ca t a lo gin g c o o r d in a tor , b ib lio g r a ph ic ser ­ vic es d epa r tm en t. te m p le u niversity libraries. assigns, trains, and revises w o rk o f co py cata lo ge rs and data entry staff. assists in quality control and problem solving. c rea tes original and adaptive b ibliographic records in a va rie ty o f subjects, languages, and form ats. participates in the form ulation o f local cataloging policies and p roce­ mailto:sbpathak@gems.vcu.edu 620/c&rl news the johns hopkins university milton s. eisenhower library librarian iii cataloging projects coordinator/ original cataloger the milton s. e isenhow er library is seeking an experienced professional c ata loger to provide original cataloging fo r m aterials in a variety of form ats; to coordinate special cataloging projects; and to serve as a library-w ide resource on cataloging policy and practice. in 1997, the johns hopkins u niversity will im plem ent a new integrated library system fo r the libraries of the university. u nde r the general direction of the head of c ataloging, the incum bent will play an active role in im plem enting the new system and in effecting associated w orkflow changes in the c ataloging d epartment. the successful candidate will be a creative problem -solver with the ability to flourish in a changing w ork environm ent. the eisenhow er library prizes initiative, creativity, professionalism , and team work. m ajo r r espo n sibilities: • perform original cataloging of m aterials in a variety of formats, including serials and nonprint formats, follow ing current national standards fo r bibliographic description, authority work, and subject analysis; • supervise one full-tim e serials copy cataloger and p art-tim e student employees; • design and coordinate special cataloging projects; • s erve as departm ental liaison with s erials a cquisitions and with special c ollections archives and m anuscript catalogers; • w ork cooperatively with library staff to im plem ent a new integrated library system; • keep abreast of national and international cataloging issues and serve as library-w ide resource for cataloging policy and standards; • participate actively in local and national professional developm ent and service activities. q u a lific atio n s: mls from an a la -accredited library school; three yea rs original cataloging experience including som e serials cataloging experience; knowledge of aac r 2r, lc s ubject h ead­ ings and classification, and u sm arc form ats; knowledge of issues and standards fo r cataloging archives and m anuscript materials; reading knowledge of at least tw o foreign languages; experience with o c lc and a local autom ated system ; excellent com m unication and organizational skills; project m anagem ent experience; ability to w rite and help im plem ent procedures; dem onstrated problem ­ solving skills; flexibility; ability to prioritize w ork to ensure tha t departm ental and library goals are realized; ability to w ork independently as w ell as part of a team . n onprint cataloging experience and previous supervisory and training experience desired. the starting salary range is $33,000 $41,950 depending upon experience and education. to be considered fo r this position, please send letter of application, resume, and three letters of reference indicating job #s96-627, by o ctober 3 1 , 1996, to: the johns hopkins university homewood human resources 119 garland hall 3400 n. charles st. baltimore, md 21218 women and minorities are encouraged to apply. excellent benefits including life and health insurance, dental, and tuition plans for sta ff member, spouse and dependent children. smoke free and drug free. aa/eoe. dures, and serves on library com m ittees and task forces. q ualifica­ tions: mls from ala-accredited library program. two to three years o f recent professional cataloging experience in a large academ ic or research library. bibliographic knowledge of one o r more foreign languages, preferably german and/or italian. strong interpersonal, analytical, and problem -solving skills; effective oral and written com m unication skills. ability to work well with staff, both individually and in groups. a bility to work independently and to exercise initiative. thorough knowledge o f aacr2, marc formats, lc classification and subject headings, and rlin o r equivalent national bibliographic system. experience with integrated library systems. salary: $29,000; may be higher depending on qualifications and experience. position is 10-month work year. additional month may be required for an added 9.6% o f annual salary. fringe benefits include health, dental, and life insurance; tuition remission; tiaa-cref. application procedure: send letter addressing all qualifications stated above, resume, and names of three references to: laila el zein, chair, search committee, c/o adm inistrative services department, paley library 017-00, tem ple university, philadelphia, pa 19122. closing date fo r applications: o ctober 18, 1996. an aa/eo employer. october 1996/621 three positions university of michigan university library so c ia l s c ien c es librarian & h u m a n itie s librarian (2 pa ra llel position s) the u niversity of michigan boasts top-ranked academ ic departm ents and preem inent scholars in many areas of the s ocial sciences and humanities. the u niversity library m aintains outstanding international collections in support of these program s and has developed a position of international leadership in developing digital data and text resources. d uties o f s o c ial s c ien c es librarian: • p rovide r esearch and instructional s upport fo r the ir constituencies. • c ontribute to c ollection developm ent and liaison responsibilities. • contribute to the developm ent of netw ork inform ation resources with particular em phasis on num eric and spatial data. • s pecial em phasis on c am pus o utreach; w orking closely with several departm ents. req u ir ed q u a lific atio n s for so c ia l sc ien c e s librarian: a la -accredited mls. g radu­ ate degree in a social science discipline or research library experience in collection developm ent/user services related to the social sciences. r eference skills: excellent oral and w ritten com m unication, fam iliarity with current bibliographic and reference resources in the social sciences. a bility to w ork effectively with culturally diverse faculty, students, and staff. d em onstrated facility w ith statistical inform ation resources including num eric data in electronic form at. know ledge of com puter based analytical tools fo r social science research. know ledge of htm l and experience in the developm ent of w orld w ide w eb resources. d uties o f h u m a n itie s librarian • provide research and instructional support fo r their constituencies. • contribute to collection development and liaison responsibilities. • contribute to the developm ent of netw ork inform ation resources with particular em phasis on the use of full text. • special e m phasis on providing a dm inistrative support for the h um anities team . requ ir ed q u alific atio n s for the h u m an ities librarian: ala-accredited mls. m inim um tw o years of research library experience in collection developm ent/user services w ith significant responsibility for support of hum anities program s. g raduate degree or significant advanced graduate study in a hum anities discipline with preference fo r em phasis in history or language and literature. r eading knowledge of one or more w estern european languages. d em on­ strated reference and instructional skills; excellent oral and w ritten com m unication; and fam iliarity with current b iblio grap hica nd reference resources in the hum anities. ability to w ork effectively with culturally diverse faculty, students, and staff. d em onstrated facility in the use of electronic inform ation resources in the hum anities. s uccessful experience in planning, coordinating, and facilitating group activities. rank, salary, an d leave: for each position: rank of a ssociate librarian; m inim um salary of $31,500, final salary dependent on previous relevant experience; 24 w orking days of vacation/year; 15 days of sick leave/year with provisions fo r extended benefits. to a pply: s end cove r letter and resum e fo r each position to: karen downing library human resources 404 hatcher north university of michigan ann arbor, ml 48109-1205 app lica tio n deadline: applications received by o ctober 31‚ 1996 will be given first consideration. p lease see our ad in regular ad section of c & r l n ew s fo r science inform ation technologies librarian in the shapiro science library at the u niversity of m ichigan. f o r com plete position descriptions, please see: http://www.lib.umich.edu/libhome/staffdev/positions.html the university o f michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. http://www.lib.umich.edu/libhome/staffdev/positions.html 622/c&rl news assistant librarian whitman college penrose m em orial library at w hitm an c ollege invites applications fo r the position of a ssistant librarian. r e spo n sibilities: supervises and provides reference service to students, faculty, adm inistration and com m unity m em bers on w eekdays, scheduled evenings, and som e w eekends. develops, m aintains, and teaches courses in traditional and electronic inform ation resources. e dits library publications— hom epage, newsletter, finding aids, etc. s upervises interlibrary loan office. conducts on-line bibliographic searches and teaches bibliographic internet searches. must be willing to perform varied professional responsibilities according to the dem ands of the academ ic calendar. s erves on cam pus com m ittees as required. acts fo r the library d irector during his absences. tw elve month appointment. q u a lif ic at io n s: a la -accredited mls required; s ubject m aster's degree preferred; experience a n d /o r training in on-line data base searching, internet, html, hom e page construction. m ust be able to com m unicate clearly, effectively, and tactfully— orally and in writing. d em onstrated record of adm inistrative experience and success— 5 years preferred. c o lleg e : w hitm an c ollege is an independent, residential, nonsectarian, liberal arts and sciences college of 1,300 students and m ore than 100 faculty. t he 1996 first-year class had an a verage high school g.p.a. of 3.8 and average s a t scores of 1280. w hitm an is an ideal place fo r learning and scholarship and fo r prom oting personal grow th, character, and responsibility. to a pply: send letter of application, resume, and nam es of three references to: henry m. yaple library director penrose mem orial library w hitm an college walla w alla, wa 99362 e-mail: yaple@ whitm an.edu initial s creening of applications begins o ctob er 2 5 , 1996, but will continue until the position is filled. director of learning resources. edm onds community college invites applications fo r the position of director o f learning resources. edm onds community college is located 15 m iles north of seattle in the center o f the growing south snohomish county. edm onds is a public, tw o-year, coeducational state com m unity college which w elcom es about 11,000 students each year. the director reports to the v ice president fo r instruction and is expected to provide strong leadership in guiding the library and m edia services into the 2 1st century. the director has a dm inistrative responsibilities fo r long-range planning, budgeting, personnel m anagem ent, and team building. c andidates w ill need to dem onstrate an understanding of information technologies and the need to integrate them with the delivery o f traditional services. c andidates must be com m itted to serving the needs of students, faculty, staff, and the community. candidates m ust have an ala-accredited mls and five to seven years of experience, including two years o f adm inistrative e xperi­ ence; extensive knowledge o f library automation; creative problem solving skills; ability to work in partnerships; conflict managem ent skills; excellent oral and written com m unication skills; knowledge of technology trends and issues related to com m unity college libraries; and sensitivity to diversity and cultural pluralism issues. salary w ill be based on the current adm inistrative/exem pt salary schedule; place /n e n t is based on education and related experience. the current range is $49,823-$56,940 annually fo r a 12-month appointm ent. the college p rovides an excellent benefits package w hich includes medi­ cal, dental, and life insurance, and a retirement plan. applicants must subm it a com pleted college application form, a supplem ental applica­ tion, a resume, tw o current letters o f recommendation, and tran­ scripts. please call the job line, (206) 640-1510, fo r specific applica­ tion information. a pplications m ust be received in the human r e­ sources office by 5:00 pm, o ctober 24, 1996. interviews are ten ta ­ tively scheduled during the week of n ovem ber 18-22, 1996 and the start date of the position is january 2 , 1997. edmonds com m unity college is an equal opportunity/ affirm ative action employer. head, information, research, and instructiona l ser­ vic es (iris). u niversity o f iowa libraries. position description: the head o f iris supervises the iris m anagem ent team consisting of fou r professional team leaders (research services, information ser­ vices, libraries-w ide information system and multim edia, and elec­ tronic services). total iris staff consists o f 7-25 fte librarians, one fte professional technologist, fou r fte support personnel, as well as a num ber of graduate assistants and student employees. the head of iris has system -wide responsibility fo r provision o f innovative information and research services including advancem ent and plan­ ning o f user education and outreach programs. the head of iris also provides cam pus-w ide leadership fo r the collaborative application of learning technologies; leadership fo r the libraries’ advancem ent in technology-based inform ation and research services; information and instructional services fo r distance education; and internet-based applications. q ualifications: required: graduate degree from an a la-accredited library and inform ation science program, or the equivalent; an understanding o f the mission of research institutions and libraries and the role of information and instructional technology in these settings; professional experience providing reference ser­ vices, including user education activities, in a research library; general knowledge of the nature of scholarly research; fam iliarity with state-of-the-art multim edia, full-text databases, and im age technol­ ogy; general knowledge o f local area networks, internet-based ser­ vices, applications, and issues surrounding the creation and ex­ change of networked in formation; experience with e lectronic inform a­ tion resources and services; experience with electronic texts o r data and interactive teaching tools in the hum anities o r social sciences; dem onstrated adm inistrative, supervisory, and leadership abilities; mailto:yaple@whitman.edu october 1996/623 university librarian university of north carolina at wilmington the u niversity of north c arolina at w ilm ington invites applications and n o m inatio ns fo r the position of u niver­ sity librarian. the position reports to the provost and vice chancellor fo r academ ic affairs and provides plan­ ning and policy lead ersh ip f o r the university’s print and electronic inform ational resources, oversight of 13 librarians and 23 support staff, and adm inistration of an annual budget in excess of $2.5 million. the librarian also serves on the d irector’s c ouncil, d ean’s council, and u ncw planning c om m ittee, as well as the system -w ide u niversity library a dvisory council. a 128,000 -square-foot facility, the w illiam m adison randall library contains m ore than 400,000 hardbound volum es, subscribes to m ore than 5,000 serial titles, m aintains extensive journal backfiles in bound volum es and m icroform at, as well as a large collection of audiovisuals in a variety of form ats, and is a full depository fo r all n orth c arolina docum ents and a partial depository fo r united states governm ent publications. c onnected to a high-speed fiber optic cam pus data network, the library provides access to the internet and is a m em ber of a three-cam pus consortium designed to facilitate resource sharing and docum ent delivery. a long with libraries at its sister institutions, it is currently defining its role in new state­ w ide initiatives to increase distance learning, off-cam pus sites, and com m unity outreach at the 16 cam puses o f the u niversity of n orth carolina. a young, dynam ic, and grow ing regional u niversity com m itted to total quality, unc-w ilm ington currently enrolls m ore than 8,600 undergraduate and graduate students in arts and sciences, business, education, and nursing. its location in an historic a tlantic seaport in southeastern north carolina offers an outstanding quality of life with m any natural and cultural am enities. the successful candidate w ill have a dem onstrated record of leadership and m anagem ent in advancing innovative program s tha t respond to a changing technological and inform ation environm ent, an under­ standing of the instructional and scholarly needs of students and faculty in a regional university setting, strong interpersonal and com m unication skills, and the ability to serve effectively as an advocate and spokesperson fo r the library’s educational mission. minimal qualifications include an a la-accredited mls degree, and eight years of professional experience in an academ ic library, including five years of upper level m anagem ent experience. o ther qualifications tha t m ay be considered include a second m aster’s degree in an other subject field, evidence of ongoing professional developm ent, and experience in library fund-raising. for priority consideration, applications and nom inations should be subm itted by january 1‚ 1997. the position w ill remain open until filled, with an expected appointm ent effective july 1, 1997. salary is com petitive. applicants should subm it a le tte r of application, a cu rren t resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone num bers of at least three professional references to the follow ing: university librarian search comm ittee office of the provost and vice chancellor for academ ic affairs the university of north carolina at wilmington w ilm ington, nc 28403 uncw is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. minorities and women are particularly encouraged to apply. excellent oral and written com m unication skills; and dem onstrated commitm ent to an active program of professional involvem ent at the national level. preferred: familiarity with electronic scholarly publish­ ing and communication, experience with application of information services in a distance education environment; experience building successful collaboration with university teaching faculty and com put­ ing center professionals; fam iliarity with program planning/adm inis­ tration o f multim edia laboratories and electronic classrooms; gradu­ ate studies in hum anities o r social sciences; and working knowledge of a foreign language. the university o f iowa libraries: the university of iowa library system consists of the main library (including the information arcade) and 11 departmental libraries (art, music, busi­ ness, and the sciences), the largest of which is hardin library fo r the health sciences. w ith some three million volum es, the collections of the ui libraries rank 29 out o f 107 in the association of research libraries. the university is a m em ber o f the research libraries group and oclc, and its staff members are actively engaged in national cooperative efforts. the u niversity of iowa libraries makes use o f a notis-based autom ated system called oasis. the university is a m em ber o f the research libraries group, oclc, and the committee on institutional cooperation (cic). the libraries provide a program of support fo r professional developm ent activities. environment: the u niversity and iowa city: a m ajor research and teaching institution, the university o f iowa offers recognized programs in a wide variety of areas. the university consists o f a faculty o f some 1,600 serving over 28,000 students, 9,000 o f whom are registered in graduate degree programs. iowa city is a com m unity with excellent educa­ tional, recreational, and cultural advantages, and is readily acces­ 624/c&rl news two positions the national opinion research center (norc) the national o pinion research c enter (n o r c ) located on the u niversity of c hicago cam pus is seeking to hire a librarian and a r ecords c ontrol m anager. librarian the librarian w ill be responsible fo r the m anagem ent of n o r c ’s internal library. t h is person will m aintain a collection of survey research and social science materials, inform ation on n orc research and surveys and m anage the data archives o f past surveys. the ideal candidate will be a take-charge individual, focused on c usto m er orientation and who will bring expertise in the areas of project/inform ation archival tech nique s and m echanism s. h aving a solid understanding of o r experience in the social science research field w ill easily enable the incum bent to select the type of library m aterials (such as books and periodicals) tha t are required. a noth er part of this function involves m aintaining the com pany’s bibliography, m anaging survey files and storage and data archiving. o ther duties include m aintaining the library’s software, and adm inistrative responsibili­ ties such as b udget preparation, s taff selection, and supervision. in addition to the above, the qualified candidate will be expected to possess a m aster’s degree in library science o r its equivalent, experience with library-based softw are and database m anagem ent and the ab ility to conduct on-line searches. r e co rd s c o n tr o l ma n a g er the records c ontrol m anager will coordinate activities that deal with archiving inform ation pertaining to norc projects and contributions. the incum bent w ill w ork closely with staff on identification of this initiative, suggesting im provem ents, additions, changes, and guidance on the m anagem ent of sam e. in addition, the ideal candidate will have the ability t o create database system s t o c ontrol norc project inform ation, records, and archives. he/she will inventory and describe ongoing archival and record­ keeping system s and m onitor these system s to ensure they are active and up to date as well as making all m aterials produced and delivered accessible to the com pany’s various audiences. o ther responsibilities include the system atic m aintenance of stored inform ation (both paper and electronic m aterials), onand off-site, ensuring consistency and system com pliance; creating and im plem enting retention schedules and som e supervisory responsibility. an educational background in records m anagem ent/archivist/library science and 3-5 years experience in records m anagem ent or related area is required. crm (c ertified r ecords m anager) certification is preferred and database creation experience desired. for consideration, send, fax, or e-m ail a resum e and cove r letter (including salary history) to: d. daniels 1155 e. 60th st. chicago, il 60637 phone: (312) 753-7808 e-m ail: daniels@ norcm ail.uchicago.edu eoe/m/f/d/v sib le via interstate highways and a m ajor airport only 30 minutes away. salary and appointment: appointm ent rank and salary w ill be based on relevant experience and educational background. salary range: $44,000-54,000. application procedures: applications must be received by n ovem ber 15, 1996. q ualified individuals should subm it a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone num bers o f three references to: janice s imm ons-w elburn, coordinator, personnel and diversity programs, university of iowa libraries, iowa city, ia 52242-1420; phone: (319) 335-5871. the university of iowa is an equal opportunity/affirm ative action em­ ployer. w omen and m inorities are encouraged to apply. head, o nline records cataloging sec tion. ekstrom li­ brary. a pplications and nom inations are invited for the position of head, o nline records cataloging section, ekstrom library. the position is responsible fo r copy cataloging operations; revising ca ta ­ loging records fo r all m aterials types except serials; assisting the departm ent head in planning cataloging and authority work; m onitor­ ing w orkflow of the section; developing and m aintaining the depart­ ment w eb page; perform ing original cataloging; assigning lc call num bers and subject headings; supervises, trains, and evaluates five fte support staff. reports to head, monograph department. qualifi­ cations include mls from an ala-accredited graduate program; two years experience in cataloging, with a t least one ye ar professional experience; knowledge o f a m ajor bibliographic utility; bibliographic knowledge of at least one foreign language; strong interpersonal and com m unication skills; ability to meet faculty criteria fo r promotion. preference w ill be given to candidates with supervisory experience; strong com puter skills, including knowledge of html; experience with notis; dem onstrated com m itm ent to staff developm ent; and an understanding of current library technical services issues. this is a faculty position (non-tenure track). excellent benefits. salary range: $25,000-$28,000. application review will begin novem ber, 1996. send letter o f application, resume, and nam es and telephone num ­ bers of three professional references to: margo smith, ekstrom library, u niversity of louisville, louisville, ky 40292. inform a tion science & technology librarian. a ssists library users through general and specialized reference work (both print and electronic), instruction, and lectures. serves as liaison with mailto:daniels@norcmail.uchicago.edu october 1996/625 librarian/bibliographic records manager (head, cataloging department) howard university h ow ard u niversity librarie s see ks an exp erien ced individual to m a nage its n o t is -based on -line c ata loging s ystem a nd o ve rsee a broad range of c ata loging a ctivities, including th e m a nage m en t o f the bib lio g ra p h ic d a taba se. u sing o c lc , a a c r 2, and lc c lassificatio ns, th e h ead of th e c ata lo ging d epa rtm e nt pe rform s som e orig inal cataloging. q u a lif ic a t io n s : m ls fro m an a la -accredited library program , at least th re e ye a rs cataloging exp erien ce w ith m onographs, serials, and non-print m aterials in an aca dem ic library. w orking know ledge of a fore ig n lang uag e is desirable. s a l a r y : m inim um $ 3 8,14 6 annually. h ow ard u niversity is a h b cu institution; m em bership in a r l. o v e r 1.8 m illion vo lu m e s includ ing over 13,000 serial titles, 2 .5 m illion m icro form s, and a v a rie ty o f film , video , an d o th e r m edia. the libraries s ystem m a in tains s ta te -o f-th e -a rt fac ilitie s providing ne tw orked acce ss to ele c tro n ic re source s on ca m p u s and w o rld w ide. h ow ard is an o c lc /n o t is library. b e n e fits : a s pa rt of o u r staff you w ill en jo y a com p re h e n sive be nefits package, w hich includes life and health insurance, paid annual and s ick leave, cre dit union, and rem ission of tuitio n and de pend ent children tuitio n benefits. a p p lic a n t s : position is ava ila b le im m e diate ly. p lease, send letter, resum e, an d n a m es of three re fere nces to: attention: jam es k. k. no a ssociate director technical services division how ard u n iversity libraries #l-166, u ndergraduate library 500 how ard place, nw w ashington, dc 20059 phone: (202) 806-5669 a pplicatio ns a c ce pted until position is filed. eoe/ aa faculty and d eve lo ps the collection in the su bje ct areas o f inform ation science & te ch n olo g y and engineering. a ssists in the d evelopm ent of library policies and p rocedures and p articipates in special activities and p rojects. fu lfills re q uirem en ts o f fa cu lty statu s in a reas of co ntribu tion s to librarianship, scholarship, and service. required: ala-a ccre dite d mls. acad e m ic background, w orking experience, or strong interest in inform ation science & technology. strong written, oral, and in terpersonal skills. preferred: tw o ye ars of e xperience in public services with fle xibility, initiatives, and d edication to public services. know ledge o f reference sources in inform ation science & tech n olo g y and engineering. experience with innovative interfaces and m icroco m p u te r applications. salary/benefits: salary is co m p eti­ tive, tenure track, t ia a/c r e f , 2 4 days vacation, fle xible benefits package. r eview o f applica tio ns will begin o ctob er 13, 1996, and co ntin ue until a ca nd id ate is selected. send letter o f application, re sum e, and the nam es o f th re e referen ces to: jan boyer, university library, u niversity of nebraska at o m aha, om aha, ne 68182-0237; e-m ail: jb o ye r@ un o m a ha .ed u ; fax: (402) 554-3215. aa/00e. r e f e r e n c e l ib r a r ia n . w e s te rn illin o is u n iv e rs ity l ib ra ry (http://w w w .w iu .e d u/u sers/m ilib o /w iu/) seeks an in novative reference librarian to p rovide general reference and research service to the cam pus com m unity. som e evening and w eeke n d desk hours are required. o the r m a jo r resp on sib ilitie s in clu de the coordination and enh an ce m e nt o f the library w e b p ages and form al u ser instruction in electronic and traditional classroom s. q ualifications: ala accredited m a ster’s degree; an a dditional a dvanced degree; reference e xpe ri­ ence; substantial kn ow ledge o f and expe rie n ce with the internet and w w w ; e xcellen t oral and w ritte n co m m u nicatio n skills. t h is te n m onth, ten u re -tra ck position in cludes a flexible sch ed ule (see c&rl n e w s vo lum e 57, n um ber 5 (m ay 1996): page 278), standard benefits package, and a sa lary range b etw een $ 3,200-$3,600 p e r m onth, d epending on qualifications. library fa cu lty are e valuated fo r tenure and prom otion on the p erform ance o f p rim ary duties, research, and p rofessional univ e rsity/co m m u n ity service. w iu is a com prehensive unive rsity e nrolling 12,000 u ndergraduate and g raduate students, located in a rural com m unity. w ith o ve r 1,000,000 catalogued vo l­ um es, the library em p loys 16 facu lty and o ve r 4 0 su pp ort staff. application: s end co ve r letter, resum e, copies o f transcripts, and nam es and telep ho n e n um bers of three cu rre nt references to: c indy johnson, a dm inistrative assistant, u nive rsity library, o ne university circle, w e s te rn illinois u niversity, m acom b, il 61455-1390. r e­ view of a pplications w ill begin on n o vem be r 4 , 1996 and w ill continue until an a ppointm ent is m ade. anticipated starting date is january 1997. w iu is an affirm ative action, equal o pp ortun ity e d u cato r and e m p loye r and enco urag e s applica tio ns from w om en, m inorities, and persons w ith disabilities. re fe r e n c e lib r a r ia n /ps y c h o lo g y. provide user education and reference assistan ce in the areas o f psycho lo gy and education including co llection d e ve lo pm en t and e valuating d e p artm en t’s in for­ m ation n eeds in the s chool o f p sychology and education. mls (or deg re e p en ding /al a -a ccre dite d) and second m a ster’s in psychology o r related field. experience w ith e lectron ic library resources, library instruction, and co llection developm ent. strong c o m m unication skills required. a pp lica tio n process: subm it application and resum e to: ref. job #08-96, c hapm an u niversity, h um an r esources departm ent, 3 33 n. g lassell, o range, c a 92866. a n eoe em ployer. mailto:jboyer@unomaha.edu http://www.wiu.edu/users/milibo/wiu/ 626/ c&rl news three positions open long island university brooklyn campus a s sis t a n t dean o f te c h n ic a l ser v ic e s reporting to the dean of the library, the assistant dean of technical services will evaluate, plan, and direct the operations of the technical s ervices divisions, including acquisitions, cataloging, serials, and autom ated systems. r esponsiblef or planning, budgets, current and future technologies, personnel, quality control. o versee rapidly grow ing m aterials budget. im plem ent a m eritech-h orizons integrated library system. q u a lific atio n s: five years post-m ls experience w ith increasing adm inistrative and supervisory responsibility, preferably in an autom ated academ ic library. r equired: m anaging an ils, experience with original cataloging, cataloging of nonprint and serials, solid knowledge of marc, ddc, aac r 2r, oclc, lcsh, authority control. a utom ated acquisitions experience highly desirable, h ead of a c q u is itio n s evaluate, plan, and direct staff and operations of acquisitions including serials and m ultim edia to ensure quality control and fiscal accountability. c oordinate collection developm ent activities; im plem ent autom a­ tion of departm ent, staff training. r eq u ir ed : three ye a rs’ experience in autom ated technical s ervices en vironm ent w ith som e supervi­ sory experience. a bility to m eet tenure requirem ents. p r efer r ed : five years w ith three years s upervisory experience in academ ic library. e v e n in g /w e ek e n d libr a r ia n r esponsible fo r operations of public services w eeke nds and som e evenings. duties include providing reference services in an autom ated environm ent, special projects, collection developm ent. r eq u ir ed : five years post-m ls experience with increasing supervisory responsibilities, preferably in academ ic library. s trong com pute r skills, including c d -r o m , internet, online searching. e xpertise in business sources desirable. a bility to m eet tenure requirem ents. a ll th r ee po sitio ns: a la -accredited mls, excellent oral and w ritten com m unication skills, good com pute r skills required. the b rooklyn c am pus of long island university, founded in 1926, occupies a 10-acre site in dow ntow n brooklyn, one subw ay stop from m anhattan. it serves a population of 10,000 students with ove r 60 undergraduate and 55 graduate program s, including doctoral program s in c linical p sychology and p harm acy. the library contains ove r 250,000 volum es and 1,536 journal subscriptions w ith a staff of 14 librarians. send letter of application, tw o copies of c.v., and three references to: long island university terri campo, personnel officer 1 university plaza brooklyn, ny 11201 sc ien c e in fo r m a tio n te c h n o lo g ies lib r a r ia n . shapiro s cie nce library, u n ive rsity o f m ichigan. r e cen tly e sta b lish ed throu g h the m erg er o f fo u r d ivisio na l libraries, the shapiro science l ibrary serves ca m p us in form ation needs in a stronom y, biology, chem istry, g eology, m athem atics, natural resources, physics, and statistics. it has m ore than 25 pub lic w o rksta tion s, 400 ,00 0 print vo lum es, six librarians, and 10.5 fte su pp ort staff. d uties: under the d ire ction o f the head, sha p iro s cience l ibrary and in c o lla bo ­ ration w ith science l ibrary colleagues, the in cum be n t will: sp ea r­ head the a pp lica tio n o f e lectron ic tech n olo g ie s serving inform ation needs in the basic sciences; help guid e and prom ote the integration of new inform ation tech n olo g ie s into the lib ra ry's services; su pp ort research and tea ch ing by deve lo ping inform ation resources, as­ sisting users in kn ow ledge navigation, in stru cting clie n ts in re ­ source id en tifica tion /acce ss/use , and p articipa te in the d elivery of sch ed uled re feren ce services; su pe rvise the s cie nce l ib ra rys c o m p ute r s ystem spe cia list; do liaison w ork; d evelop collections (p rin t and e lectron ic) and d e live r se rvice s in a sp ecific s u bje ct area. q ua lifica tio ns: required: ala-a ccre dite d mls. sub stan tive know l­ edge o f e lectron ic and m ultim edia resources, expe rie n ce in using a va rie ty o f c o m p ute r platform s, se lf-d ire cte d le arning style, and in terest in e xpa nd in g kn ow ledge in the se areas. enthusiasm fo r and evide n ce o f cre a tive a pp lica tio n o f inform ation tech n olo g ie s to meet u ser needs a s part o f a u ser-cen tered vie w o f library services. e xcellen t in terpe rso na l skills, in clu din g tho se in oral and w ritten co m m u nicatio n and user instruction. a bility to w o rk e ffe ctively with c u lturally diverse facu lty, stud e nts, and staff. a b ility to w o rk as a team m em b er and to p ursue m ultiple pro jects concu rre n tly. fam il­ ia rity w ith a b asic science, and co m m itm en t to develop expertise. a b ility to su pe rvise stu d e n t and sa larie d su pp ort staff. rank, salary: rank of a ssistan t l ibrarian. m inim um sa lary o f $28,000; 24 w o rkin g days and leave: va catio n p er year; 15 days s ick le ave /yea r w ith pro visio ns fo r exte n de d benefits. t o apply: send co ve r letter and resum e to: karen downing; l ibrary h um an resources, 404 hatche r g ra du a te l ibrary north, u niversity of m ichigan, ann a rbor, ml 4 8109-1205. a pp lica tio n deadline: app lica tio ns received by o ctob er 31, 1996, w ill be given first consid e ra tion . th e u niver­ sity o f m ichigan is a non -d iscrim in ato ry, a ffirm a tive action e m ­ october 1996/627 director of library oregon institute of technology (search reopened) o regon institute o f t e c h n o lo g y (o it) invites a p plica tio n s fo r the po sitio n o f d irecto r of the library. o it, located in k lam ath falls, o regon, is th e o n ly accredited fo u r-y e a r pu blic institu te o f te c h n o lo g y in the p acific n orthw est. o it has o v e r 2 ,0 0 0 stu d e n ts and a b o u t 150 fa c u lty offering ba c h e lo r degree p rogra m s in e n ginee ring, health, an d m a n a g e m e n t tech nolog ies. r ecently, a m a ster of s cience in e n ginee ring te c h n o lo g y w ith e m phasis in c o m p u te r e n ginee ring te c h n o lo g y w a s added. t h e o it library fea ture s o v e r 100,000 vo lu m e s and m ore than 2 ,0 0 0 periodical sub scription s including a ne tw ork of 11 c d -r o m databa ses. t h e o it library has an integrated c ata log (in nova tive interfaces) and p a rticipate s in o r b is , a union c ata log o f ac a d e m ic libraries. s ta ff num bers 13 fte including five fa c u lty m em bers. r e s p o n s ib ilit ie s : t h e d ire cto r of th e library is th e c h ie f a d m in is tra to r o f th e library, learning r esources c e n te r (a cad em ic s up p o rt and m edia), an d the historical a rch ive s of th e cam pus. the d ire cto r sits on th e p rovo st’s staff, th e inter-institutio nal library c ouncil, and o th e r c om m ittee s. the d irecto r is re sponsib le fo r lead ersh ip a n d overall m a n a g e m e n t of libra ry p lan ning and de velopm ent; library fina ncial planning; library s e rvice s fo r cam pus, extension, and com m unity; c ollectio n d e v e lo p ­ m ent, a cq uisitions, and o rganiza tion; libra ry a u tom a tion and fac ilitie s p lan ning ; a n d libra ry personnel m a nagem ent. t h e d irecto r re presents the college on library and related m atters at local, regional, state, and national m e etings and to go ve rn m e n t an d corp o ra te agencies. q u a lif ic a t io n s : a la -accredited m ls an d fo u r ye a rs ’ progre ssively responsible a d m inistra tive and sup ervisory experience in a fou r-ye ar aca dem ic library required. a cle a r understanding of the application o f info rm atio n tech n o lo g ie s in h igh er ed uca tio n including dista nce learning and a ca dem ic sup port services, library autom ation, and bu dget m a nage m en t are required. t h e successful can didate w ill have d e m o n stra te d c o m pete nce in pe rsonnel relations, an inclusive leadership style, and exce lle n t inte rper­ sonal com m u n ic a tio n skills. a seco nd m a sters in a related fie ld is preferred. a ddition ally, th e can didate should be fa m ilia r w ith the c u rre n t litera ture in libra riansh ip, enginee ring, c o m p u te r science s, health, business, a nd tech n ica l ed ucation. s a la ry and rank are com p e titive and com m e n s u ra te w ith q u a lific a ­ tions. a pp lic a tio n s m ust be received by n o v em b er 3 0 , 1996. to apply, s u b m it a c o v e r letter, resum e, and nam es, addresse s, and ph one num bers of three p rofession al re fere nces to: personnel o ffice 5f43 o regon institute of technology 3201 c am pus drive klam ath falls, or 97601 o it is an affirm ative a ction/equal opportunity/ada employer. plo ye r. f o r a co m p le te p ositio n d e scrip tio n , p lea se see: h ttp :// w w w .lib .u m ic h .e d u /lib h o m e /s ta ffd e v /p o s itio n s .h tm l state, fo reign , a n d in te r n a t io n a l d o c u m en ts l ibra r­ ian. u niversity o f iowa libraries, iowa city, iowa. position descrip­ tion: in the m ain l ibrary at the u niversity of iowa, the g ove rn m e nt publications d epartm ent p rovides services and user education fo r in form ation so urces from all levels o f governm ent, and in all form ats, including print and n on-print p rim a ry source collections and local and networked a ccess to inform ation. th e foreign, state, and interna­ tional d ocum ents librarian w ill participate in a wide range o f re fer­ ence, instructional, and p rom otional activity w ithin and outside o f the g ove rn m e nt p ublications departm ent, and w ill play a le adership role in exploiting electronic resources fo r research in the area o f g ove rn ­ ment publications. t he position has prim a ry re sponsibility fo r co lle c­ tion developm ent, m anagem ent, and m aintenance of n on-u s federal gove rn m e nt publica tio ns (city, county, state, foreign , and interna­ tional) in all form a ts (print, m icroform , and e lectronic), and m anages depository arra ng e m e nts (state o f iowa, u nited n ations, european union). th e foreign, state, and international d ocum ents librarian directly supervises one o r m ore full-tim e library assistants and in di­ rectly supervises assigned stud e nt em ployees. q ualifications: r e­ quired: a g raduate degree from an ala-a ccre dite d library and in for­ mation science program , o r the equ iva le nt successful com pletion of governm ent d ocum ents course work; fam ilia rity w ith a wide range of printed and electronic in form ation sources in the social sciences, including the internet; e xcellen t oral and w ritten com m unication skills; facility fo r u ser se rvices, problem solving, and team w ork; dem on­ strated c o m m itm en t to p rofessional involvem ent; w orking know ledge of a m odern foreign language. preferred: e xperience providing gov­ ern m en t docu m e nts reference services, including user education, in a research library; p articula r expe rie n ce with research use o f state, foreign, and in ternational docum ents; d em onstrated m anagerial and leadership abilities; supe rviso ry experience; g raduate stud ie s in a social scie nce dis cip lin e. t he u n ive rsity o f iow a libraries: the u n ive rsity o f iow a l ibrary system co n sists o f th e m ain library (including the inform ation arcade) and 11 departm en tal lib ra rie s (art music, business, and the sciences), the la rg est o f w h ich is hardin l ibrary fo r the h ealth sciences. w ith so m e three m illion volum es, the co lle ction s o f the ui l ibraries rank 29 o ut o f 107 in the a ssociatio n o f research libraries. t h e u niversity is a m e m b er o f the research libraries g roup and o clc, and its staff m em b ers are actively engaged in national cooperative efforts. th e u nive rsity o f iowa l ibraries m akes use o f a n o tis -based autom ated system called o asis. th e u niversity is a m em b er o f the research libraries g roup, o clc, and the c om m ittee on institutional c ooperation (cic). the l ibraries provide a program o f su pp ort fo r professional developm ent activities. environm ent: th e u n ive rsity and iowa city: a m ajor re­ http://www.lib.umich.edu/libhome/staffdev/positions.html 628/c&rl news head, cataloging department howard university howard u niversity libraries seeks an experi­ enced individual to manage its notis-based on­ line cataloging system and oversee a broad range of cataloging activities, including the man­ agem ent of the bibliographic database. using oclc, aacr2, and lc classifications, the head of the c ataloging d epartm ent perform s som e original cataloging. q ualifications: mls from an a la -accredited li­ brary school, at least three years’ cataloging experience with monographs, serials, non-print materials in an academ ic library. w orking knowl­ edge of a foreign language is desirable. salary: m inim um $38,146 annually. howard u niversity is a hrcu institution m em ­ bership in arl. o ver 1.8 million volum es includ­ ing over 20,000 serial titles. 2.5 million m icro­ form s, and a variety of film , video, and other media. howard is an o c lc /n o tis library. benefits: a s part of our staff, you w ill enjoy a comprehensive benefits package, which includes life and health insurance, paid annual and sick leave, credit union, and remission of tuition and dependent children tuition benefits. a pplicants: position is available immediately. please, send letter, resume, and names of three references to: attention: jam es k. k. ho associate director technical services division howard university libraries #l-166, undergraduate library 500 howard place, nw w ashington, dc 20059 phone: (202) 806-5669 a pplications accepted until position is filled. eoe/aa librarian to catalog ibero materials university of new mexico general library ibe ro c atalog librarian, general library, u niver­ sity of new mexico. full-tim e visiting appoint­ ment, renewable annually fo r a maxim um of three years, beginning january 1997. s a la r y : $30,000 $34,000 a year, depending on experience. level of appointm ent: visiting a ssistant professor. r equired: m aster’s degree in library science from an a la -accredited program o r its foreign equivalent. a m inim um of one cataloging course fo r academ ic credit, or, if lacking cataloging coursew ork tow ard the mls degree, one year cataloging experience in an academ ic research or large public library. strong reading knowledge of s panish o r portuguese languages and effec­ tive w ritten and oral com m unication skills in en­ glish. know ledge of cataloging tools and stan­ dards, as w ell as the basics of the machine readable cataloging (marc) formats. p referred: e xperience w ith a bibliographic utility (oclc, rlin, o r their equivalents) and the use of personal com puters. cataloging experi­ ence in an academ ic library. spoken s panish/ portuguese skills. experience in ibero american cultures. app lic a tio n s: s ubm it a letter of interest and resum e (including names, telephone/fax num ­ bers, and addresses of three references) to: rita critchfield general library university of new mexico albuquerque, nm 87131 a pplications received by n ovem ber 1‚ 1996, will be given priority consideration; applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. unm is an equal employment opportunity/ affirmative action employer. search and teaching institution, the u niversity of iowa offers recog­ nized programs in a wide variety o f areas. the university consists of a faculty of some 1,600 serving over 28,000 students, 9,000 o f whom are registered in graduate degree programs. iowa city is a community w ith excellent educational, recreational, and cultural advantages, and is readily accessible via interstate highways and a m ajor airport only 30 m inutes away. salary and appointment: entry-level appointment. salary range: $26,000-$29,800. application procedures: a pplica­ tions must be received by novem ber 1, 1996. qualified individuals should subm it a letter of application, resume, and the names, ad­ dresses, and telephone num bers o f three references to: janice sim m ons-w elburn, coordinator of personnel and diversity programs, university of iowa libraries, iowa city, ia 52242; phone: (319) 335 5871. the u niversity o f iowa is an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. w omen and m inorities are encouraged to apply. university librarian. saint joseph’s university se eks a fo r­ w a rd -lo o kin g u n ive rsity l ibrarian w ith an u n d e rstan ding o f the in form atio n and re search n ee ds o f stu d e n ts and fa cu lty and the e vo lu tio n o f te c h n o lo g y in to d a y ’s a cad em ic lib ra ry e n viron m e n t. th e su ccessfu l ca n d id a te w ill h ave a d em on strate d re co rd of e xce lle n ce in le a d e rsh ip and m a n ag em en t o f a cad em ic lib ra rie s. e ffe ctive co m m u nicatio n skills and e vide n ce o f the a b ility to fu rth e r co o p e ra tive re la tio n sh ip s w ith in the lib ra ry and th ro u g h o u t th e u n iv e rs ity are re q uired . a stro n g record o f p ro fe ssio na l p a rtic i­ p atio n and the a b ility to fo s te r c o lla b o ra tive e ffo rts w ith o th e r a ca d e m ic in stitu tio n s are e sse n tia l. m inim al q ua lific a tio n s in ­ c lu de an a l a -a ccre d ite d m ls d eg re e and fiv e ye a rs of p ro g re s­ s iv e ly re sp o n sib le a d m in is tra tiv e e xp e rie n ce in an a cad em ic lib ra ry. th e u n ive rsity l ibrarian p ro vid e s le ad e rsh ip and a d m in ­ istra tio n fo r a lib ra ry se rvin g a co m m u n ity o f 6 ,7 0 0 s tu d e n ts and october 1996/629 dean of university libraries illinois state university illinois s tate u niversity is seeking a forw ard-seekin g and exp erien ced le a d e r to guide its library and info rm atio n service s into th e next century. illinois s tate u niversity, fou nde d in 1857 as the firs t pu blic institution of high er learning in illinois, is a m u lti-purpose u niversity w ith ove r 19,000 s tud ents and a full-tim e fac u lty of a p proxim ately 700. a c a d e m ic progra m s and cou rses are offered in th irty -fiv e de partm ents organize d into fiv e colleg es w ith m a ster’s de gree progra m s in m ost fields and doctoral degree progra m s in biological sciences, school p sych ology, curriculum and instruction, ed ucation a d m inistra tion a nd fo u nda tions, special education, english, history, and m athem atics education. t h e u niversity is located in b loom ington n orm al, a co m m u n ity of 100,000 pe ople situa ted h a lfw ay betw een c hicag o and st. louis. in s up port of illinois s tate u niversity’s p rim ary m ission as the p re m ie r un derg rad uate institu tion in illinois, m ilne r library provides the central library fa c ility f o r th e u niversity com m unity, w ith a s ta ff of 110, including th irty -fo u r faculty, ove r 1.3 m illion volum es, and an annual bu dget of nearly $6 million. t h e library is em barkin g on de ve lo p m e n t o f a c a m p u s libra ry a nd inform ation service s program utilizing a cam pus fib e r o p tic ne tw ork and th e statew ide c oo pera tive union catalog. r e s p o n s ib ilit ie s : t h e d ean of u niversity libraries reports directly to th e u n ive rsity’s chief a ca dem ic officer, the v ice p reside nt and provost m eets w ith th e p rovost’s a dvisory c ouncil and oth er ap prop riate a ca dem ic and ad m inistra tive councils. t h e d ean of u niversity libraries has a d m inistra tive re sponsib ility fo r libra ry-w ide planning and policy direction: fo r cen tralized library service s such as budget, personnel, system s de velopm ent, and inform ation services; and f o r fun d raising initiatives. t h e d ean of u niversity libraries plays a un ive rsity-w ide leadership role in the de ve lo p m e n t and im ple m en tation of inform ation te ch nolog ies, and re presents m ilner library w ithin th e u niversity and th ro u g h o u t the larg er library and h igh er ed ucation com m unities. q u a lif ic a t io n s : an earned do ctorate and an a la -accredited m ls are preferred. t h e candidate should possess a m inim um o f five yea rs o f progre ssively responsib le ad m inistra tive e xp erien ce in a m edium to large academ ic library, and a strong record of professional participation and scholarship. c and idate s m ust also de m onstrate a c le a r un derstanding of the evo lvin g role of the aca dem ic research library‚ and provide evidence of strong and innovative leadership skills in a shared decision­ m aking environm ent. c andidates m ust have excellent com m unication skills and be able to establish and m a intain effective re la tionsh ips w ith u niversity a d m inistra tors, faculty, staff, students, a nd the e xtended com m unity. s a la r y , rank, a n d n o m in a t io n /a p p lic a t io n p r o c e d u r e : s alary is com petitive and c o m m ensu rate w ith qu alification s. r ank w ill be asso cia te o r full professor, and a ca dem ic ten ure upon ap poin tm e n t is possible. c and idate s are required to send a curriculum vitae: a le tte r of a p plication o u tlin ing ap prop riate experien ces; and the nam es, addresse s, and tele phon e num bers o f at least three references. w h ile the starting date w ill be not la te r than july 1‚ 1997, an e a rlie r starting date is preferred. t h e search w ill rem ain open until the position is filled. to assure full consideration, s end n o m inatio ns and a p plication s by o cto b er 1 6 , 1996, to: shelly w eiss storbeck m anaging director and vice president a. t. kearney education practice 222 w. a dam s street chicago, il 60606 phone: (312) 223-6029 fax: (312) 223-6369 e-m ail: storbeck1@ aol.com further inform ation c on cernin g illinois s tate u niversity: h ttp ://w w w .ils tu .e d u . illinois state is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity university encouraging diversity. mailto:storbeck1@aol.com http://www.ilstu.edu 630/c&rl news network coordinator ucla library the pacific s outhw est r egional m edical library (psr m l) of the n ational n etw ork of libraries of m edicine (n n /lm ) at the ucla louise darling biom edical library seeks a talented and innovative librarian as n etw ork c oordinator. the c oordinator is responsible fo r the resource sharing, netw ork m em bership, and com m unication functions of psrm l. r esource sharing fun ctions include: serving as the d o c lin e c o o rd in a to r fo r the region; facilitating the updating of regional serials in n lm ’s s er h o ld database; coordinating regional ill policies and procedures, and prom oting loansom e d oc service am ong netw ork libraries. network mem bership functions include: maintaining the network m embership database (nmd) and the database of regional expertise; prom oting m em bership am ong regional libraries; ensuring th a t regional data is current and accurate in the d o c u se r file; and coordinating the library im provem ent program to increase access to m ed la r s databases and other inform ation resources at regional hospital libraries. c om m unications activities include: contributions to the bim onthly fsr m l newsletter, latitudes; produc­ ing a directory from the nmd and m aintaining a current and accurate version of directory inform ation on the regional w w w homepage; developing factsheets and other information fo r regional libraries through the hom epage and in print form al; advising libraries on grant applications and consortia activities; m aintaining com m unications with the national library of medicine and other regional medical libraries; and generally prom oting n etw ork activities w ith health sciences libraries in the region. the n etw ork c oordinator also assists with outreach activities to prom ote inform ation access to health professionals in the region. q u a lif ic at io n s: m ls from an accredited library school norm ally required. c andidates m ust exhibit know ledge of resource sharing activities w ithin the n n /lm including a thorough understanding of d o cline, s er h o ld, and other interlibrary loan and docum ent de live ry activities. c andidate must have excellent com m unication and interpersonal skills and show evidence of a thorough knowledge of the internet and related technological applications, and of com puter hardware and software. tw o to three years experience in a health sciences library setting is desirable. salary range: $30,420-$55,568. a nyone w ishing to be considered fo r the position should w rite to: rita scherrei associate university librarian personnel & adm inistrative services ucla 11354 url, box 951575 los angeles, ca 90095-1575 t h e application letter should include a com plete statem ent of qualifications, a full resum e of education and relevant experience, and the nam es of at least three persons w ho are know ledgeable a bout the a p plicant’s qualifications f o r this position. c andidates applying by o ctob er 1 8 , 1996, will be given first consideration. 180 fu ll-tim e fa cu lty. th e f ra n cis a. d rexe l l ib ra ry co n ta in s o ve r 3 0 0 ,0 0 0 vo lu m e s and 1 ,800 cu rre n t p e rio d ica ls, and p ro vide s a cce ss to a w id e ra n ge o f o n lin e a nd c d -r o m d a ta b a se s. t he l ib ra ry s ta ff c o n sists o f nine lib ra ria n s a nd 13 fte su p p o rt staff. t h e u n ive rsity l ib ra ria n re p o rts to the c h ie f a ca d e m ic o ffic e r and is a m e m b er o f th e a ca d e m ic c a bine t. he o r she w o rks c lo s e ly w ith th e a s s is ta n t vp fo r in fo rm a tio n t e c h n o lo g y in the d e ve lo p m e n t and u se o f te c h n o lo g y in s u p p o rt o f a cad em ic p ro gra m s. s a la ry c o m m e n su ra te w ith q u a lific a tio n s a nd e x p e ri­ e nce . p le ase fo rw a rd a c v and th re e le tte rs o f re co m m e nd a tion in clu d in g p h o n e n u m b e rs to: j u d ith c h ap m a n , c h air, search c o m m itte e , s a in t j o s e p h ’s u n iv ers ity , 5 60 0 c ity a ven u e, p h ila ­ d e lp h ia , pa 19131. d e ad lin e fo r a p p lic a tio n s is n o ve m b e r 4, 1996. s a in t jo s e p h ’s u n iv e rs ity is an equ al o p p o rtu n ity e m ­ p loye r. v is it s a in t jo s e p h ’s on th e w o rld w ide w e b a t h ttp :// w w w .s ju .e d u . v ic e p r e s id e n t fo r in f o r m a t io n s e r v ic e s . c a lv in c o lle g e s e e k s a p p lic a n ts fo r th e o ffic e o f v ic e p re s id e n t fo r in fo rm a tio n s e r v ic e s . t h e v ic e p re s id e n t w ill m a n a g e a nd p ro v id e th e le a d e rs h ip , s tra te g ic p la n n in g , a nd c o o r d in a tio n fo r b o th a c a d e m ic a n d a d m in is tr a tiv e c o m p u tin g , th e lib ra ry , a nd te le c o m m u n ic a tio n s . w ill e n s u re th e p ro m o tio n o f n ew p a r a d ig m s fo r in s tru c tio n , s c h o la rs h ip , s tu d e n t r e c ru itin g , o ffic e a u to m a tio n , a n d fo r a ll o th e r a re a s o f in fo r m a tio n te c h n o lo g y . c a lv in c o lle g e is a c h ris tia n c o lle g e in th e r e fo rm e d tr a d itio n . t h e p o s itio n re q u ir e s a r e lig io u s c o m m it­ m e n t c o m p a tib le w ith th e m is s io n o f th e c o lle g e . t h e s u c ­ c e s s fu l c a n d id a te w ill h a v e a m a s te r’ s d e g re e in an a p p ro p r i­ a te a re a ; a n e a rn e d d o c to ra te is p re fe rr e d ; c o m p u te r e x p e r ­ tis e a n d e x p e rie n c e ; e x p e rie n c e in le a d e rs h ip , m a n a g e m e n t, a n d s ta ff d e v e lo p m e n t; s e n s itiv ity to p e o p le a n d a b ility to b u ild m o ra le a n d lo y a lty . w r itte n a n d o ra l c o m m u n ic a tio n s k ills a re e s s e n tia l. c a n d id a te s s h o u ld s u b m it a re s u m e , in c lu d in g th e n a m e s a nd te le p h o n e n u m b e rs o f th re e re fe r ­ e n c e s by o c to b e r 15, 1 9 9 6 , to : c o n n ie b e llo w s , d ir e c to r of h u m a n r e s o u rc e s , c a lv in c o lle g e , 3201 b u rto n s t. se, g ra n d r a p id s , m l 4 9 5 4 6 . e o e . http://www.sju.edu october 1996/631 spec ia l c o llec tio n s librarian b ates c o llege t h e g e o rg e and h elen ladd library b a te s c o lle g e s e e k s n o m in a tio n s a n d a p p lic a tio n s fo r th e p o s itio n o f s p e c ia l c o lle c tio n s l ib ra ria n . r e p o rtin g to th e a s s o c ia te l ib ra ria n , th is lib ra ria n a d m in is te rs th e s p e c ia l c o lle c tio n s d e p a rtm e n ts ; p ro v id e s le a d e rs h ip in th e l ib ra ry in c o lle c tin g , o rg a n iz in g , p re s e rv in g , a n d m a k in g s p e c ia l c o lle c tio n s a v a ila b le ; a n d p ro v id e s re fe re n c e an d in s tru c tio n a l s e rv ic e s in s p e c ia l c o lle c tio n s . t h is lib ra ria n a ls o acts a s c o lle c tio n m a n a g e m e n t lia iso n in a s s ig n e d s u b je c t a re a s . t h is a s s ig n m e n t w ill in c lu d e e v e n in g an d w e e k e n d h o urs. r e q u ire d q u a lific a tio n s in c lu d e a m a s te r’s d e g re e fro m an a c c re d ite d p ro g ra m in lib ra ry o r in fo rm a tio n s c ie n c e , k n o w le d g e o f o r e x p e rie n c e w ith s p e c ia l c o lle c tio n s , a n d a s tro n g c o m m itm e n t to p u b lic se rv ic e s . d e s ire d q u a lific a tio n s in c lu d e c o u rs e w o rk in ra re b o o k s , m a n u s c rip ts , o r a rc h iv e s a d m in ­ is tra tio n ; p re s e rv a tio n tra in in g o r e x p e rie n c e ; re fe re n c e o r b ib lio g ra p h ic in s tru c tio n e x p e rie n c e ; an d fa m ilia rity w ith e le c tro n ic c o lle c tio n s a n d s e rv ic e s . b ates c o lle g e is an u n d e rg ra d u a te c o lle g e of th e liberal a rts an d s c ie n c e s n a tio n a lly re c o g n iz e d f o r th e q u a litie s of e d u c a tio n a l e x p e rie n c e it p ro v id e s . it s e rv e s s o m e 16 0 0 s tu d e n ts a n d 175 fa c u lty . t h e g e o rg e a n d h e le n l a d d l ib ra ry s e rv e s all a c a d e m ic p ro g ra m s o f th e c o lle g e a n d is n o te d fo r its h igh q u a lity s e rv ic e s a n d a ttra c tiv e p h y s ic a l e n v iro n m e n t. t h e s p e c ia l c o lle c tio n s d e p a rtm e n t h o u s e s a rare b o o k c o lle c tio n an d b a te s ia n a ‚a c o lle c tio n o f o rig in a l m a te ria ls re la te d to th e h is to ry o f th e c olleg e, o th e r s p e c ia l c o lle c tio n s in c lu d e th e j o n a th a n s ta n to n n a tu ra l h is to ry c o lle c tio n , th e p h e lp s c o lle c tio n o f s ig n e d firs t e d itio n s , th e r ic e c o lle c tio n o f n in e te e n th -c e n tu ry w o rk s in f re n c h an d g e rm a n , b o o k s fro m th e lib ra ry o f m a in e a rtis t a n d p o e t m a rs d e n h a rtle y , a s ig n ific a n t c o lle c tio n a b o u t th e f re e w ill b a p tis ts , th e b e re n t c o lle c tio n o f j u d a ic a , a n d a c o lle c tio n o f m a in e s m a ll p re s s pu blication s. s a la ry is c o m p e titiv e . a p p lic a n ts s h o u ld s u b m it a le tte r o f a p p lic a tio n , a re s u m e , a n d n a m e s , a d d re s s e s , a n d p h o n e n u m b e rs o f th re e c u rre n t re fe re n c e s to: s p ec ia l c o lle c tio n s s e a rc h c o m m itte e b a te s c o lle g e p e rs o n n e l o ffic e 2 1 5 c o lle g e s tre e t l e w is to n , m e 04 2 4 0 a fu ll p o s itio n d e s c rip tio n , a n d in fo rm a tio n a b o u t b a te s c o lle g e , a n d th e l ib ra ry c a n b e fo u n d o n th e w o rld w id e w e b (h ttp ://w w w .b a te s .e d u /l ib ra ry /). r e v ie w o f a p p lic a tio n s w ill b e g in on o c to b e r 11‚ 1996. t h e p o s itio n w ill re m a in o p e n until fille d . b ates c olleg e values a d ive rse co lle g e c o m m u n ity a n d se eks to a ss ure e q u a l o p p o rtu n ity through a co ntin u ing a n d e ffe ctive a ffirm a tiv e a ctio n program . late job listings technical ser v ic e s/syste m s l ib r ar ian . wagner college library. a d­ minister technical services department; manage, develop, and maintain library’s hardware and software. opac system and oclc database in use. requirements; ala-accredited m ls or mis. second master’s degree or course work in computer technology preferred, with three years cataloging experience. w orking knowledge and one year o f experience with netware, dos, windows 95, tcp/ip, and l a n technology. salary; up to $40,000 plus excellent benefits. please send resume and list of three references to: john auh, director/wagner college library, howard ave. & campus rd., staten island, n y 10301; phone: (718) 390-3406; fax: (718) 390-3107; e-mail: rpalumbo@wagner.edu. applications accepted until the position is filled. eoe/aa. director of public services. hunter library, western carolina univer­ sity. provide leadership for reference, instruction, electronic information access, circulation and document delivery. important elements of this leadership include: support o f an environment in which delivery of quality service is the pre-eminent http://www.bates.edu/library/ mailto:rpalumbo@wagner.edu 632/c&rl news curator of performing arts collections university of california, santa barbara the c urator of perform ing a rts c ollections will have responsibility fo r the special c ollections departm ent's perform ing a rts collections, w hich include audio tape, disc, videotape, film , a nd oth er related form ats— produced both com m ercia lly and in the field— in the areas of dance, dram a, film , m usic, and theatre. the successful candidate will: be responsible fo r the selection, through donation and purchase, of appropriate archival and com m ercia lly produced perform ing arts m aterials; select, m aintain, and supervise use, of audio, visual, and com pute r hardw are; supervise archival processing of m aterials; w o rk w ith library staff to develop and im plem ent policies and practices fo r use of m edia and provide appropriate access to m aterials; provide prim ary reference and instructional s upport f o r the collections; be responsible fo r the preservation o f sound and im age m aterials; engage in outreach a ctivities and special projects. r e q u ir em en ts: mls from an a la -accredited library school o r m asters de gree in archival ad m inistra­ tion or m edia-related field. training a n d /o r experience with audio and m oving image materials, formats, and equipm ent. technical know ledge of audio preservation and sound engineering. k now ledge o f archival practices, pa rticularly fo r sound recordings and m oving im age form ats. c om p uter literacy. s trong interpersonal skills, excellent oral and w ritten com m unication skills. d esired qualifications: d egree in m usic-related field. professional e xp erien ce in an archival o r s im ilar research facility. s alar y r ang e: $3 5,916 to $47,604. a pplicatio ns w ill be review ed starting d ecem ber 1 , 1996. send resum e and nam es and addresses of three references to: detrice bankhead a ssistant university librarian-personnel davidson library university of california santa barbara, ca 93106 the university o f california is an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer. shared value; communicating to the campus the library’s vision of its role in teaching and learning; maintaining a cooperative and consultative environment within the library as well as with other segments of the university, particularly those with instructional technology responsibilities; strategic planning, policy development, and budgeting. the director of public services will participate in reference staffing (including evenings and weekends), bibliographic instruction, and will also serve as a subject liaison to at least one academic department. public services includes five full­ time and two part-time librarians, eight full-time support staff (including the head of circulation), and three part-time support staff. the position reports to the university librarian. qualifications: ala-accredited mls required. strongly preferred: five years of reference experience which demonstrate a strong commitment to customer-oriented service; experience in, teaching and assisting in the use of the full range of printed and electronic reference sources and online services; the ability to work collegially and communicate effectively with internal and external constituencies. preferred: basic understanding of the use of computer technology in reference and circulation services; demonstrated capacity to lead and manage professional and support staff. this is a twelve-month, faculty rank, tenure-track position. salary range: $40,000-$43,400. applications received by november 15, 1996, will be given first consideration. position available june 1, 1997. please send a letter of application, resume, and names and phone numbers of three references to: sandra klein, hunter library, western carolina university, cullowhee, nc 28723. hunter library has an operating budget of $2.4 million, a staff of 43, including 16 librarians, and serves a student body of approximately 6,000. through the western north carolina library network, the libraries of western carolina university, appalachian state university, and the university of north carolina at asheville share an online system, a common biblio­ graphic and patron database, a delivery system (abc express), and other services. western carolina university, located between the great smoky mountains and the blue ridge mountains approximately 55 miles west of asheville, north carolina, is one of the sixteen senior institutions of the university of north carolina and an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer; http://www.wcu.edu/. http://www.wcu.edu/ structure bookmarks october 1996/613 assistant librarian^ state university of new york l ■j institute of technology at utica/rome ftreporting to the library dim;tor. the aucreasful candidate will be one of three public service libriana who share references duties; bibliographic instruction; on-line and cdrom marches; act as a liaison to an academic department, and aaaist in collection development. in addition, he or she will be responsible for acquisition! and other dutiea as needed. duties may also included nights, weekends and holiday cove deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the october issue). should this date fall on a weekend or holiday, ads will be accepted on the next business day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $8.45 per line for institutions that are acrl members, $10.45 for others. late job notices chapman university library, sharon hybki kerr, 333 n. glasse!!, orange, ca 92866. an eoe employer.archivist/specialcollections librarian. auburn univer­sity at montgomery seeks qualified individual for tenure-track posi­tion. faculty rank. required: an ala/mls degree or equivalent; formal training in archival theory and practice; ability to communicate and work effectively with donors, colleagues, and a diverse clienteie. desirable: familiarity with marc cataloging for archival and manu­script materials; ad 614/c&rl news two positionsharvard law school librarybibliographer for islamic lawresponsibilities: primary responsibility includes building and organizing the library’s islamic law collections. selects new and retrospective materials in islamic law in vernacular and western languages. analyzes collection in strengths; recommends programmatic changes. orders and processes materials. catalogs using aacr-ii library of congress subject headings, lc classification systems, rlin. contributes authority via naco. primary liaiso and oral; experience in analyzing complex systems; ability to bring people of different backgrounds together to achieve mutually desired objectives. interest in participating in a dynamic environment. mini­mum salary: $33,000. excellent benefits including academic status. review of applications will continue until the position is filled. appli­cants should send a cover letter, resume, and the names of at least three references to: phyllis barrow, head, administrative and finan­cial services, lauinger librar seven years of increasing professional responsibility and leadership with collection-related activities in an academic or research library. broad knowledge and experience with academic/research collection development and management issues, information technology, and automation. knowledge of trends in publishing and research. working knowledge of standard selection and evaluation methods and tools and automated acquisition systems. supervisory and budget man­agement experience. strong leadership, communicat october 1996/615 muhlenberg college library – reference team coordinatorcreative, enthusiastic, energetic individual sought for this position as a member of a team of three full-time reference librarians and three part-time paraprofessionals. the coordinator will be a subject specialist in the social sciences and, under the general direction of the library director, will be responsi­ble for all reference services. responsibilities include service development, expansion of outreach and instruction, staff supervision, departm ment. master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited institution. minimum of one year of cataloging experience using oclc. notis experience desirable. knowledge of copy and original cataloging, authority work, subject analysis, and effective biblio­graphic control of library collections. knowledge of principle of bibliographic organization through cataloging and classification. knowl­edge of current trends in technical services operations. knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, marc formats 616/c&rl news the johns hopkins university milton s. eisenhower librarylibrarian iii electronic/digital resources bibliographic controlthe milton s. eisenhower library is launching an expanded program to digitize, network, and provide bibliographic control for a wide variety of textual materials and images. the cataloging department is responsible for cataloging materials in all formats and is actively engaged in activities that enhance intellectual access to electronic resources. the library is seeking an experienced pr october 1996/617 head of referencecalifornia state university, fresnocalifornia state university, fresno, seeks an experienced, dynamic leader in reference and in­formation services to guide and manage a department of six full-time and four part-time librar­ians, three full-time library assistants, and student assistants. the department provides tradi­tional reference assistance, electronic information access (including a cd-rom lan), library instruction, ill, and multicultural services.california state university, fresno i mental faculty to identify priorities, coordinate collection growth, and maintain effective communication. position may include providing information and instructional services in the user services division. position reports to the head of the collection management services. qualifications: ala-accredited mls required. the following qualifica­tions are preferred: academic background in a social science disci­pline, with an advanced degree strongly desired; two or more years experience developing collections written communication skills; positive interpersonal style; ability to work independently as well as part of a team; sensitivity to the concerns of a research library and its users; initiative and creativity; strong analytical skills; flexibility and the ability to accept and manage change; ability to organize time and deliver work on deadline; involve­ment in professional activities; ability to meet requirements for faculty advancement, including professional service and publication. expe­rience working in 618/c&rl news associate university librarian for technical servicesuniversity of oregonresponsibilities: the university of oregon is seeking an experienced, dynamic individual to share leadership of the uo libraries, including coordination of technical services functions. manages five departments (acquisitions, serials, catalog, preservation & binding, and interlibrary loan) with a total of approximately 49 staff, plus student assistants. monitors expenditures of materials budget of approximately $4 million. overall resp october 1996/619 cataloger/database maintenance librarianskidmore college, a strong liberal arts college located in saratoga springs, ny, seeks a cataloger/database maintenance librarian who is both a traditionalist and a futurist. this is a non-tenure track, 10 month faculty position at one of the librarian ranks. all faculty are expected to show evidence of professional accomplishment and service to receive continuing appointment. the position reports to the head of technical services.position includes overall responsibil association of southeast research libraries, the center for re­search libraries, and the national network of libraries of medicine. the library has over 1.1 million volumes, 10,000 current serials, and a materials budget in the current fiscal year of over $4.5 million. the library is highly automated with 300 workstations, all notis modules operational, centralized access to over 100 databases and other electronic resources, a growing presence on the internet (http:// exlibris.uls.vcu.edu/uls.html), and act commonwealth university, vcu box 2033, richmond, va 232842033; e-mail: sbpathak@gems.vcu.edu (for information only). re­view of applications will begin in november 1996. virginia common­wealth university is an equal opportunity/affirmative action em­ployer. minorities, women, and persons with disabilities are encour­aged to apply.copy cataloging coordinator, bibliographic ser­vices department. temple university libraries. assigns, trains, and revises work of copy catalogers and data entry staff. assists i 620/c&rl news the johns hopkins university milton s. eisenhower librarylibrarian iii cataloging projects coordinator/ original catalogerthe milton s. eisenhower library is seeking an experienced professional cataloger to provide original cataloging for materials in a variety of formats; to coordinate special cataloging projects; and to serve as a library-wide resource on cataloging policy and practice. in 1997, the johns hopkins university will implement a new integrated library system for the libraries of the university dures, and serves on library committees and task forces. qualifica­tions: mls from ala-accredited library program. two to three years of recent professional cataloging experience in a large academic or research library. bibliographic knowledge of one or more foreign languages, preferably german and/or italian. strong interpersonal, analytical, and problem-solving skills; effective oral and written communication skills. ability to work well with staff, both individually and in groups. ability to work indepen system. experience with integrated library systems. salary: $29,000; may be higher depending on qualifications and experience. position is 10-month work year. additional month may be required for an added 9.6% of annual salary. fringe benefits include health, dental, and life insurance; tuition remission; tiaa-cref. application procedure: send letter addressing all qualifications stated above, resume, and names of three references to: laila el zein, chair, search committee, c/o administrative services depar october 1996/621 three positionsuniversity of michigan university librarysocial sciences librarian & humanities librarian (2 parallel positions)the university of michigan boasts top-ranked academic departments and preeminent scholars in many areas of the social sciences and humanities.the university library maintains outstanding international collections in support of these programs and has developed a position of international leadership in developing digital data and text resources.duties of social sciences librarian:• pr 622/c&rl news assistant librarianwhitman collegepenrose memorial library at whitman college invites applications for the position of assistant librarian.responsibilities: supervises and provides reference service to students, faculty, administration and community members on weekdays, scheduled evenings, and some weekends. develops, maintains, and teaches courses in traditional and electronic information resources. edits library publications—homepage, newsletter, finding aids, etc. supervises interlibrary loan office. con initial screening of applications begins october 25, 1996, but will continue until the position is filled. director of learning resources. edmonds community college invites applications for the position of director of learning resources. edmonds community college is located 15 miles north of seattle in the center of the growing south snohomish county. edmonds is a public, two-year, coeducational state community college which welcomes about 11,000 students each year. the director reports to the vice president for instruction and is expected to provide strong leadership in guiding the library and media services in start date of the position is january 2, 1997. edmonds community college is an equal opportunity/ affirmative action employer.head, information, research, and instructional ser­vices (iris). university of iowa libraries. position description: the head of iris supervises the iris management team consisting of four professional team leaders (research services, information ser­vices, libraries-wide information system and multimedia, and elec­tronic services). total iris staff consists of 7-25 fte librarians, o october 1996/623 university librarianuniversity of north carolina at wilmingtonthe university of north carolina at wilmington invites applications and nominations for the position of univer­sity librarian. the position reports to the provost and vice chancellor for academic affairs and provides plan­ning and policy leadership for the university’s print and electronic informational resources, oversight of 13 librarians and 23 support staff, and administration of an annual budget in excess of $2.5 million. the librarian also excellent oral and written communication skills; and demonstrated commitment to an active program of professional involvement at the national level. preferred: familiarity with electronic scholarly publish­ing and communication, experience with application of information services in a distance education environment; experience building successful collaboration with university teaching faculty and comput­ing center professionals; familiarity with program planning/adminis­tration of multimedia laboratories an the ui libraries rank 29 out of 107 in the association of research libraries. the university is a member of the research libraries group and oclc, and its staff members are actively engaged in national cooperative efforts. the university of iowa libraries makes use of a notis-based automated system called oasis. the university is a member of the research libraries group, oclc, and the committee on institutional cooperation (cic). the libraries provide a program of support for professional development activi 624/c&rl news two positionsthe national opinion research center (norc)the national opinion research center (norc) located on the university of chicago campus is seeking to hire a librarian and a records control manager.librarianthe librarian will be responsible for the management of norc’s internal library. this person will maintain a collection of survey research and social science materials, information on norc research and surveys and manage the data archives of past surveys.the ideal candidate will be a take-charge i sible via interstate highways and a major airport only 30 minutes away. salary and appointment: appointment rank and salary will be based on relevant experience and educational background. salary range: $44,000-54,000. application procedures: applications must be received by november 15, 1996. qualified individuals should submit a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: janice simmons-welburn, coordinator, personnel and diversity programs, unive numbers and subject headings; supervises, trains, and evaluates five fte support staff. reports to head, monograph department. qualifi­cations include mls from an ala-accredited graduate program; two years experience in cataloging, with at least one year professional experience; knowledge of a major bibliographic utility; bibliographic knowledge of at least one foreign language; strong interpersonal and communication skills; ability to meet faculty criteria for promotion. preference will be given to candida october 1996/625 librarian/bibliographic records manager (head, cataloging department)howard universityhoward university libraries seeks an experienced individual to manage its notis-based on-line cataloging system and oversee a broad range of cataloging activities, including the management of the bibliographic database. using oclc, aacr2, and lc classifications, the head of the cataloging department performs some original cataloging.qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library program, at least three years cataloging faculty and develops the collection in the subject areas of information science & technology and engineering. assists in the development of library policies and procedures and participates in special activities and projects. fulfills requirements of faculty status in areas of contributions to librarianship, scholarship, and service. required: ala-accredited mls. academic background, working experience, or strong interest in information science & technology. strong written, oral, and interpersonal skills. pr month, tenure-track position includes a flexible schedule (see c&rl news volume 57, number 5 (may 1996): page 278), standard benefits package, and a salary range between $3,200-$3,600 per month, depending on qualifications. library faculty are evaluated for tenure and promotion on the performance of primary duties, research, and professional university/community service. wiu is a comprehensive university enrolling 12,000 undergraduate and graduate students, located in a rural community. with over 1,000,000 626/ c&rl news three positions openlong island university brooklyn campusassistant dean of technical servicesreporting to the dean of the library, the assistant dean of technical services will evaluate, plan, and direct the operations of the technical services divisions, including acquisitions, cataloging, serials, and automated systems. responsiblef or planning, budgets, current and future technologies, personnel, quality control. oversee rapidly growing materials budget. implement ameritech-horizons integrated library s science information technologies librarian. shapiro science library, university of michigan. recently established through the merger of four divisional libraries, the shapiro science library serves campus information needs in astronomy, biology, chemistry, geology, mathematics, natural resources, physics, and statistics. it has more than 25 public workstations, 400,000 print volumes, six librarians, and 10.5 fte support staff. duties: under the direction of the head, shapiro science library and in collabo­r edge of electronic and multimedia resources, experience in using a variety of computer platforms, self-directed learning style, and interest in expanding knowledge in these areas. enthusiasm for and evidence of creative application of information technologies to meet user needs as part of a user-centered view of library services. excellent interpersonal skills, including those in oral and written communication and user instruction. ability to work effectively with culturally diverse faculty, students, and s october 1996/627 director of libraryoregon institute of technology (search reopened)oregon institute of technology (oit) invites applications for the position of director of the library.oit, located in klamath falls, oregon, is the only accredited four-year public institute of technology in the pacific northwest. oit has over 2,000 students and about 150 faculty offering bachelor degree programs in engineering, health, and management technologies. recently, a master of science in engineering technology with emphasis in comp ployer. for a complete position description, please see: http:// www.lib.umich.edu/libhome/staffdev/positions.htmlstate, foreign, and international documents librar­ian. university of iowa libraries, iowa city, iowa. position descrip­tion: in the main library at the university of iowa, the government publications department provides services and user education for information sources from all levels of government, and in all formats, including print and non-print primary source collections and local and net government documents course work; familiarity with a wide range of printed and electronic information sources in the social sciences, including the internet; excellent oral and written communication skills; facility for user services, problem solving, and team work; demon­strated commitment to professional involvement; working knowledge of a modern foreign language. preferred: experience providing gov­ernment documents reference services, including user education, in a research library; particular experienc 628/c&rl news head, cataloging departmenthoward universityhoward university libraries seeks an experi­enced individual to manage its notis-based on­line cataloging system and oversee a broad range of cataloging activities, including the man­agement of the bibliographic database. using oclc, aacr2, and lc classifications, the head of the cataloging department performs some original cataloging.qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited li­brary school, at least three years’ cataloging experience with monographs, serials, n librarian to catalog ibero materialsuniversity of new mexico general libraryibero catalog librarian, general library, univer­sity of new mexico. full-time visiting appoint­ment, renewable annually for a maximum of three years, beginning january 1997.salary: $30,000 $34,000 a year, depending on experience. level of appointment: visiting assistant professor.required: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited program or its foreign equivalent. a minimum of one cataloging course for academic c search and teaching institution, the university of iowa offers recog­nized programs in a wide variety of areas. the university consists of a faculty of some 1,600 serving over 28,000 students, 9,000 of whom are registered in graduate degree programs. iowa city is a community with excellent educational, recreational, and cultural advantages, and is readily accessible via interstate highways and a major airport only 30 minutes away. salary and appointment: entry-level appointment. salary range: $26,000-$29,80 university librarian. saint joseph’s university seeks a for­ward-looking university librarian with an understanding of the information and research needs of students and faculty and the evolution of technology in today’s academic library environment. the successful candidate will have a demonstrated record of excellence in leadership and management of academic libraries. effective communication skills and evidence of the ability to further cooperative relationships within the library and throughout the univ october 1996/629 dean of university librariesillinois state universityillinois state university is seeking a forward-seeking and experienced leader to guide its library and information services into the next century.illinois state university, founded in 1857 as the first public institution of higher learning in illinois, is a multi-purpose university with over 19,000 students and a full-time faculty of approximately 700. academic programs and courses are offered in thirty-five departments organized into five colleges with m 630/c&rl news network coordinatorucla librarythe pacific southwest regional medical library (psrml) of the national network of libraries of medicine (nn/lm) at the ucla louise darling biomedical library seeks a talented and innovative librarian as network coordinator.the coordinator is responsible for the resource sharing, network membership, and communication functions of psrml. resource sharing functions include: serving as the docline coordinator for the region; facilitating the updating of regional serials in nlm’s s consideration. 180 full-time faculty. the francis a. drexel library contains over 300,000 volumes and 1,800 current periodicals, and provides access to a wide range of online and cd-rom databases. the library staff consists of nine librarians and 13 fte support staff. the university librarian reports to the chief academic officer and is a member of the academic cabinet. he or she works closely with the assistant vp for information technology in the development and use of technology in support of academic programs. salary information services. the vice president will manage and provide the leadership, strategic planning, and coordination for both academic and administrative computing, the library, and telecommunications. will ensure the promotion of new paradigms for instruction, scholarship, student recruiting, office automation, and for all other areas of information technology. calvin college is a christian college in the reformed tradition. the position requires a religious commit­ment compatible with the mission of the october 1996/631 special collections librarianbates college the george and helen ladd librarybates college seeks nominations and applications for the position of special collections librarian. reporting to the associate librarian, this librarian administers the special collections departments; provides leadership in the library in collecting, organizing, preserving, and making special collections available; and provides reference and instructional services in special collections. this librarian also acts as collection manag late job listingstechnical services/systems librarian. wagner college library. ad­minister technical services department; manage, develop, and maintain library’s hardware and software. opac system and oclc database in use. requirements; ala-accredited mls or mis. second master’s degree or course work in computer technology preferred, with three years cataloging experience. working knowledge and one year of experience with netware, dos, windows 95, tcp/ip, and lan technology. salary; up to $40,000 plus excel 632/c&rl news curator of performing arts collectionsuniversity of california, santa barbarathe curator of performing arts collections will have responsibility for the special collections department's performing arts collections, which include audio tape, disc, videotape, film, and other related formats— produced both commercially and in the field—in the areas of dance, drama, film, music, and theatre. the successful candidate will: be responsible for the selection, through donation and purchase, of appropriate archival a shared value; communicating to the campus the library’s vision of its role in teaching and learning; maintaining a cooperative and consultative environment within the library as well as with other segments of the university, particularly those with instructional technology responsibilities; strategic planning, policy development, and budgeting. the director of public services will participate in reference staffing (including evenings and weekends), bibliographic instruction, and will also serve as a subject acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 460 / c&rl news the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisem ents must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the m onth p reced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. septem ber 2 for the o ctober issue). if the second falls on a weekend, the deadline is the following m on­ day. late jo b listings will be accepted on a space-available basis af­ ter the second of the month. rates: classified advertisem ents are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for m embers, $14.00 for others. organizations subm itting ads will be charged according to their m em bership status. telep hon e: all telephone orders should be confirm ed by a w rit­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accom panied by a typewritten cop y of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $10 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late jo b notices or display ads). g uidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the m onth in which the notice appears (e.g., o ctober 20 for the o ctober issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. jo b announcem ents will be edited to exclude discrim inatory references. a pplicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in m eaning am ong institutions. jo bline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ dem ic and research library positions. a pre-recorded sum m ary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly: each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing subm itted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl m em bers and $35 for non-m embers. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists jo b postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl m em ­ bers and $15 for non-members. c ontact: classified a dvertising dep't, acrl, am erican library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. positions open a s s is t a n t bio lo g y lib r a r ia n , university of illinois library at u rbana-cham paign. a faculty position available june 2 1 ,1 9 8 8 . un­ der the direction of the biology librarian, the assistant biology li­ brarian coordinates reference and online searching services: is re­ sponsible for bibliographic instruction: supervision of some support staff, and some original cataloging: and works closely with the biol­ ogy librarian in the areas of planning, collection developm ent, and in-house autom ation projects. qualifications; required; mls from ala school, or its equivalent; at least one year of professional or pre­ professional academ ic/research library experience; know ledge of the life sciences literature gained either from extensive coursew ork or professional library experience; experience in online searching; and evidence of research orientation and ability to meet university requirem ents for prom otion and tenure. preferred; experience in ref­ erence or bibliographic instruction; familiarity with standard personal com puter packages, such as word processors, database m anage­ m ent systems, or spreadsheets. desired; supervisory experience: cataloging experience. salary, $20,000 upward. assistant professor level. send letter of application with com plete resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone num bers of five references to; al­ len g. dries, library personnel m anager, u niversity of illinois li­ brary at u rbana-c ham paign, 127 library, 1408 w est g regory drive, urbana, il 61801. phone (217) 333-8169. a pplication/nom ination deadline is july 31, 1988. aa/eeo employer. a s s is t a n t eng ineering lib r a r ia n . requirem ents mls (ala-accredited) plus a minim um of 2 years professional experi­ ence, preferably in an engineering or science library. desired q ualifi­ cations; experience or interest in autom ated library procedures, com puter experience or education, and technological literacy. data­ base searching experience helpful. some supervision experience needed. ability to formulate, administer, and im plem ent user e d u ca ­ tion and public relations program s utilizing various media. experi­ ence in bibliographic instruction. responsibilities; shares in m an­ agem ent and operational responsibilities. participates in planning and im plem entation of new services, procedures, and developm ent of policies. shares responsibility for training and supervision of sup­ port staff, liaison with faculty, reference, database searching, and collection developm ent. also responsible for supervision of aviation technology library. makes presentations to university classes and other groups on library services, resources, and facilities. mem bers of the library faculty must meet purdue university requirem ents (ex­ cellence in librarianship, research and publishing, and service) for prom otion and tenure. status and benefits; faculty status and re­ sponsibilities. rank com m ensurate with education and experience. twelve m onth appointm ent with annual vacation of 22 w orking days. flexible benefit program s with open enrollm ents annually. g roup life, medical and disability insurance program s are in effect as are tiaa/cref and social security coverage. salary; $20,000 and up depen ding on qualifications. deadline; august 3 1 ,1 9 8 8 , or until po­ sition is filled. send resume and list of references to; thomas l. ha­ worth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue u niver­ sity, west lafayette, in 47907. an equal o pportunity, affirmative action employer. a s s is t a n t e n g in e e r in g l ib r a r ia n . r esponsibilities in elude m a nag ing co llectio ns in sele cted e n g in e e rin g discip lin e s based on the ca n d id a te ’s ba ckground and providing reference ser­ vice in all areas of engineering. evening/w eekend hours may be re­ quired. mls or equivalent, academ ic preparation or dem onstrated equivalent experience in engineering or one of the physical sci­ ences, know ledge of collection developm ent principles and prac­ tices, experience with autom ated data and reference services and effective human relations and com m unication skills required. assis­ ta n t l ib ra ria n ( $ 2 7 ,0 0 0 $ 3 7 ,2 0 0 ) o r a s s o c ia te l ib ra ria n ($ 2 9 ,7 0 0 -$ 4 1 ,400) rank depending upon qualifications. send comjuly /a ugust 1988 / 461 plete cover letter, resume and names and addresses of three profes­ sional references to: irene yeh, assistant library personnel officer, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305-6004. applica­ tions received by 9/1/88 will be assured consideration. please cite #324-crl on all correspondence. eoe/aa. automation librarian, university libraries, boston college. under the general direction of the assistant university librarian for automation and technical services and in conjunction with the li­ brary systems manager, this new position plans and administers an ongoing program of staff and library user training and documenta­ tion for notis and other library automation and also coordinates mi­ crocomputer equipment, applications and training for library staff, working with the university’s microcomputer staff. participates in strategic and operational library-wide planning for automated library services and for integration of automated applications and traditional services. supports the library systems manager as needed in the smooth operation of the library’s automated systems. position as­ sumes involvement in boston library consortium cooperative pro­ grams as well as professional activity on a regional and national level. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; at least three years of pro­ fessional experience in a university library, preferably in positions in­ volving library automation; demonstrated planning and teaching abilities; clear writing skills; some microcomputer and library auto­ mation familiarity; superior interpersonal and communications skills including tact and a sense of humor. salary in the low $30s depend­ ing on qualifications. boston college offers its 14,000 students and almost 700 faculty the advantages of a strong liberal arts institution with outstanding graduate and professional programs. the new o ’neill library provides an attractive and intensely used environ­ ment for study and teaching. among other technologies, the library uses the geac, oclc and faxon sc-10 systems, and is currently director of elmer e. rasmuson library university of alaska fairbanks nominations and applications are requested for the position of director of elmer e. rasmuson library at the university of alaska fairbanks. the elmer e. rasmuson library is housed in a modern six-level com ­ plex which contains over 1,025,000 bibliographic items in a variety of print and multi-media forms, with an annual budget of $4,317,000. it provides academic, research and classroom support services, including instructional m edia production, to the fairbanks cam pus and other campuses of the university of alaska fairbanks. the minim um salary for this position is $66,000. a higher salary is negotiable depending upon experience. rasmuson library contains world class collections specializing in alaska and the polar regions, is active in the developm ent and maintenance of regional and subject-specific databases, and is moving toward fully-com puterized operations for all phases of library management. as the major research collection in the state of alaska, the rasmuson library coordinates regional collection developm ent efforts. it provides leadership to the state’s libraries through continuing efforts to provide com prehensive multi-media services through state-of-the-art equipm ent and programs. the library staff consists of 20 librarians with faculty sta­ tus and 48 additional permanent staff. institution: the university of alaska fairbanks is the state land grant and sea grant university with a main cam pus in fairbanks, and branch campuses in three rural locations. its current enrollment is approxim ately 8,300 and it em ploys 500 full time faculty. the university offers a full com plem ent of undergraduate pro­ grams and forty-two graduate programs, including ten doctoral degree granting programs. the university of alaska fairbanks is also the state’s major research center. qualifications: the successful candidate must have an ala-accredited mls or apporopriate profes­ sional degree (earned doctorate is desirable). applicants must have progressively responsible adm inistra­ tive experience in academ ic research libraries and have an understanding of technical, public and instruc­ tional media services. candidates must also have: demonstrated ability to serve as a faculty member; broad know ledge of information technologies, instructional media, and automated library systems; dem on­ strated experience with the intellectual and service missions of higher education including the ability to com m unicate effectively with university officers, faculty, staff and students. candidates will be expected to possess planning, budgetary, and management skills. a pplication: interested candidates must submit: 1) a resume, 2) a letter of interest in the job indicating the experience, ideas and agenda that will be brought to the position, and a brief statement indicating recent relevant accom plishm ents which have earned for the individual recognition as an outstanding library ad­ ministrator with the ability to serve as a faculty member; and 3) names and telephone numbers of three references. the com pleted application and all inquiries or requests for official job description should be referred to: francis s.l. williamson, chair search committee for director of rasmuson library 311a irving building institute of arctic biology university of alaska fairbanks fairbanks, ak 99775-0180 the com pleted application must be postmarked by septem ber 1, 1988. the university of alaska fairbanks is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer and educational institution. 462 / c &rl news director, university libraries nominations and applications are invited for the position of director o f university libraries for the university at albany, state university of new york, one of four university centers within the state-wide suny system. the university seeks an experienced director who will function as an officer of the university, working with the deans and policymaking councils to articulate plans to provide superior research libraries. the successful applicant will be an active scholar and progressive leader dedicated to building strong ties with the faculty and expanding the libraries. the director manages a staff of 135 fte, a total budget of over $5.9 million including an annual acquisitions budget of $2.25 million, and collections of 1.2 million catalogued volumes. the library has its own computer systems development staff to support its integrated automated system (acquisitions, online catalog and circulation) and online computer based reference services. the university libraries, a member of arl and rlg, support a wide range of doctoral and research programs, serving a campus community of 16,000 students and 2,420 faculty and staff. university libraries’ memberships include suny/oclc network, center for research libraries, and the capital district library council. responsibilities: the director of university libraries is responsible for the leadership and management of the libraries and the library faculty/staff, including planning, budgeting, and management of facilities and services. he or she serves as a university representative in a variety of campus and external environments. the director holds a rank equivalent to dean and serves as a member of the council of deans, the university senate council on libraries, computing and information systems, and the university policy council. the director is a member of the highest policymaking committees on campus and provides input for academic as well as other policy concerns in support of the university mission. preferred qualifications: the successful candidate will have a proven record of leadership, substantial administrative experience, and evidence of continuing scholarly participation and professional growth. also important are familiarity with the operation of large academic or research libraries with special emphasis on the application of library technology, experience in the successful planning and renovation of library facilities, and a record of accomplishment in seeking external funding support. graduate training, including an mls, is desired. position to be filled: on or before january 1, 1989. salary: $46,725 to 83,375 review of applications: to begin september 15, 1988. each application must include a list of three references and a current résumé. address nominations or applications to: professor alan purves chair, search committee for director of libraries c/o office of the associate vice president for information systems and technology business administration b-22 state university of new york at albany albany, new york 12222 t he u niversity at a lbany, state u niversity o f n ew y ork is an e qual o pportunity/a ffirm ative a ction em ployer. a pplications from m inorities, w om en, handicapped persons, and v iet n am era veterans are especially w elcom e. july /august 1988 / 463 installing the notis system for operation in the fall of 1989. benefits for boston college librarians include one month’s vacation, tuition remission and a wide range of insurance programs. to apply, send resume and names of three references to: richard jefferson. em­ ployment manager, department of human resources, boston col­ lege, chestnut hill, ma 02167. applications received by july 15, 1988, will receive priority consideration. an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. catalog l ib r a r ia n -a ssista n t head, catalog de­ partment. cataloging professional to provide original and copy cataloging of special format materials, including maps, a-v, sound recordings, scores and microprint. assists head of department in de­ veloping cataloging policies. shares online and hardcopy catalog maintenance activities. required: master of science in librarianship from an ala-accredited school and a minimum of three years pro­ gressively responsible, professional cataloging experience in an ac­ ademic library; strong background in original cataloging, lc classifi­ cation, lcsh, aacr2, oclc formats and marc tagging; excellent organizational and communication skills; and a record of demon­ strated abilities in cataloging of materials in special formats. prefer­ red: experience with an online catalog. background in maps, media or music cataloging. twelve-month, tenure-track faculty position. tiaa/cref or state retirement. salary $21,500 to $24,252 depend­ ing on experience. hunter library has an annual materials budget of approximately $750,000, processes over 10,000 volumes per year, contains over 350,000 volumes, and has a staff of 13 professionals and 27 paraprofessionals. western carolina university, with two other state universities, has formed the western north carolina li­ brary network, which shares an ls/2000 online catalog/circulation system. the network’s online catalog will be implemented in 1988. send letter of application, resume, official transcripts and names and telephone numbers of three references to: elly davey, chair, search committee, hunter library, western carolina university, cul lowhee, nc 28723. preference given to applications received by au­ gust 15,1988. western carolina university is one of the sixteen sen­ ior institutions of the university of north carolina and an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. the university is located be­ tween the great smoky mountains and the blue ridge mountains, 55 miles west of asheville, north carolina. chief of ac q u isitio ns. the stanford university libraries seeks an experienced, energetic and flexible manager, comfortable with and effective in a dynamic technical services environment, to head its acquisitions department. as the libraries move to imple­ ment an integrated online processing system, the chief of acquisi­ tions will play a key role in shaping and coordinating the process of transition. we invite applications from individuals who can demon­ strate: significant knowledge of and experience in acquisitions; su­ perior administrative and planning skills; effective interpersonal skills, including the ability to manage change in a complex environ­ ment; and evidence of creative and imaginative contributions to overall library management. the chief of acquisitions directs a staff of 24.5 fte (including 2 librarians) responsible for order and receipts functions for monographs as well as for maintaining domestic and british a p p ro va l plans and gifts and exchange. librarian ($34,000-$50,000) or senior librarian ($40,000-$58,000) rank de­ pending upon qualifications. send letter of application, resume and names of 3 professional references by august 15, 1988, to: irene yeh, assistant library personnel officer, stanford university li­ braries, stanford, ca 94305-6004. cite #325-crl on all correspon­ dence. eeo/aae. college archivist/special collections librarian. a newly created position with responsibility for organizing and ad­ ministering the archives and other special collections of williams college, founded 1793. participates in the collegial management of the entire library. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree with archival concentration preferred; 2 -3 years experience with ar­ chives and special collections; cataloging and library automation ex­ perience; ba ckground in preservation/conservation. salary: $24,000+ depending upon qualifications. closing date august 15, 1988. send resume and the names of three references to: phyllis cutler, college librarian, williams college, williamstown, ma 01267. an eo/aa employer. coordinator of illinois research and reference center, university of illinois library at urbana-champaign. a fac­ ulty position available immediately. reports to director of depart­ mental library services. has direct responsibility for organization and management of the research and reference center in the pro­ vision of quality interlibrary loan, photoduplication, and reference services to the residents of illinois. prepares budget requests, main­ tains required statistics, supervises and motivates staff to a high level of productivity, presents written and oral reports and participates in training of university and network staff. maintains working relation­ ships with other units of the library to expedite the provision of mate­ rials and services to users in illinois outside the immediate academic community of the university. must play an active leadership role in the illinet community as well as participate in appropriate meet­ ings and workshops as the representative of the university of illinois library. qualifications: required: mls from ala-accredited school or equivalent degree; at least three years professional library experi­ ence, including at least two years of managerial/supervisory experi­ ence; working experience with a variety of interlibrary loan systems; experience in networks or a large interlibrary loan department; a commitment to statewide resource sharing; demonstrated facility in written and oral communication; and evidence of research orienta­ tion and ability to meet university requirements for promotion and tenure. preferred: working knowledge of oclc and automated sys­ tems; demonstrated ability to function in large, complex library orga­ nizations. salary $26,000, upward for assistant professor level; and $29,000, upward for associate professor level, depending on qualifi­ cations and scholarly credentials. send letter of application with complete resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone num­ bers of five references to: allen g. dries, library personnel man­ ager, university of illinois library at urbana-champaign, 127 li­ brary, 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il 61801. phone (217) 333-8169. application/nomination deadline is august 15, 1988. aa/eoe employer. associate university archivist special collections/archives rutgers university libraries new brunswick, new jersey reports to the university archivist/director of special collections. responsible for assisting in the acquisition of university records; organizing, pre­ serving and providing access to university a r­ chives; administration of records management pro­ gram and also processin g and b ib lio g ra p h ic control for archives and manuscripts; supervision of support staff and assistants. qualifications: ma in an academic discipline and/ or mls from an accredited library school, 3 years archival experience, background in archival proc­ essing, records m anagem ent and bibliographic standards (amc required). salary: minimum $29,974 plus excellent benefits. submit resume and three sources for current ref­ erence no later than august 15, 1988, to: sandra troy (app 136) library personnel officer rutgers university libraries 169 college avenue new brunswick, nj 08903 r the st u ate univ t ers g ity o e f ne r w jer s sey equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 464 / c &rl news curator, slavic and east european collection, yale university library. minimum rank: librarian iii. plans and con­ ducts the effective development of yale library’s slavic and east eu­ ropean collection. provides reference service. selects material in slavic languages. supervises staff in acquisition and precataloging. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school and/or advanced degree in slavic studies. fluency in russian and reading/writing ability in at least one other slavic language, prefera­ bly polish or serbo-croatian. knowledge of book trade, current events and cultural histories of the area countries. ability to work ef­ fectively with bookdealers, faculty, students and staff. professional level experience in a research library, including experience in selec­ tion and collection development of slavic research resources, desir­ able. applications received by august 15, 1988, will be given first consideration; applications will be accepted until the position is filled. please send letter, resume, and the names of three references to: maureen sullivan, head, library personnel service, yale univer­ sity library, box 1603a yale station, new haven, ct 06520. an eeo/aa employer. dean, division of educational resources. community college of philadelphia, one of the country’s leading urban commu­ nity colleges, is seeking a highly qualified energetic administrator for this position. the college is housed in a new and attractive $66 mil­ lion campus. dean reports directly to the vice president for aca­ demic affairs. this is a 12-month position with excellent fringe bene­ fits and competitive salary. appointment is available september 1st or sooner. the dean is responsible for the administration of the col­ lege library, instructional development, the library technology cur­ riculum and media services. qualifications: earned doctorate pre­ ferred, master’s degree in library science required. he/she should have community college administrative experience in several or all of the following areas: library science and technology, curriculum development, information science skills, computer application and media services. strong management skills are required. send re­ sume with letter of application and names of 3 references to: person­ nel office (dean), community college of philadelphia, 1700 spring garden street, philadelphia, pa 19130. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. dean, school of library and information science, the catholic university of america. the catholic university of amer­ ica seeks to appoint a dean of the school of library and information science starting in september, 1988, if possible. this alaassistant director information, research, and collection management san francisco state university san francisco state university is a multicultural, multiethnic, coeducational, urban university of more than 1,600 faculty and 26,000 students, engaged in over 100 baccalaureate and 83 master’s degree pro­ grams. responsibilities: a dynamic leader and academic manager is sought to head new library division of information, research, and collection management. ald/irc will be responsible for identifying academic and research needs; planning, budgeting and allocating resources to meet these needs; organizing, di­ recting, and evaluating programs and services. the ald/irc will assume active role in implementing new opac and related services, to be publicly available in spring 1989. present services include: information and reference, collection development, user education, database searching, government publications, special collections/archives. under proposed reorganization, acquisitions, bibliographic control, produc­ tion will join the division by january 1989. collections budget is 1.5 million. irc staff will number 23 librari­ ans with faculty status, and 30 support staff. qualifications: required: mls from ala-accredited program and minimum five years increasingly re­ sponsible bibliographic and public services positions in an academic or research library. successful candi­ date will demonstrate effective managerial, interpersonal, communications skills; strong service philoso­ phy; sound grasp of library automation and its possibilities for support of teaching and research. must be able to work collegially and productively with librarians with full faculty status as well as with students and staff of all backgrounds. will demonstrate knowledge of issues facing academic libraries and higher educa­ tion and be willing to serve as fully active member of library’s administrative team. desired: second ad­ vanced degree; experience in both technical, public services; and experience in implementing an opac system. rank and salary: administrator iii, twelve month. appointment date: january 1989 or earlier. hiring range: $45,000-862,500. appointment salary dependent upon qualifications and experience. application: nominationsand applications with names, addresses and phone numbers of at least 3 refer­ ences to: eloise mcquown, assistant director administrative services j. paul leonard library san francisco state university 1630 holloway avenue san francisco, ca 94132 applications received before august 31, 1988, will receive priority consideration. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. july /a ugust 1988 / 465 accredited school enrolls approximately 200 partand full-time stu­ dents. it offers a graduate program which includes a master’s de­ gree and a post-master’s certificate as well as joint degrees in law, musicology, history, english, biology, and greek and latin. the pro­ gram has strengths in the following areas: academic research librari­ anship, law librarianship, medical librarianship, information technol­ ogy, m a n a g e m e n t of in fo rm a tio n system s, a n d a rc h iv a l management. candidates should demonstrate scholarly achieve­ ment sufficient for a senior-level appointment and a broad knowl­ edge of librarianship and information science. candidates for the po­ sition should also possess relevant administrative experience and should be recognized leaders in their fields. a successful record of grantsmanship is desirable. the catholic university of america is the national catholic center of higher learning and research. its faculties and students, com posed of persons from diverse backgrounds and religious traditions, are expected to respect the religious commit­ ment and mission of the university and to be supportive of its aims and ideals. nominations and applications should be sent to: ralph j . rohner, chair, library and information science dean search com­ mittee, c/o the colum bus school of law, the catholic university of am erica, washington, dc 20064, as soon as possible. review process will begin on august 1, 1988. salary: competitive. affirma­ tive action, equal opportunity employer. director of audiovisual services (reopened) dynamic, energetic people person wanted to revitalize media services and in­ tegrate them into the curriculum; work with faculty to utilize media in the classroom, assist in the development of instructional aids; adm in­ ister audiovisual department in library; supervise two full time staff; 30 student workers. resources include av software production lab, audio booth, film and print darkrooms, closed circuit tv, 25 station m icrocom puter lab, two av theaters, 16 av carrels, viewing rooms, and terminals to access cam pus com puting center. challenging op ­ portunity to work with committed, congenial staff. requirements: m aster’s degree in media, library science or related field; experi­ ence in audiovisual media, especially in college or university setting. preference will be given to candidates with interest or experience in the context of a liberal arts college. salary range: mid-$20s. if inter­ ested, send resume and cover letter by july 31,1988, to: edward m . dungan, director of human resources, w ittenberg university, p.o. box 720, springfield, oh 45501. aa/eoe. director of bibliographic services (search extended) indiana university of pennsylvania is seeking a director of biblio­ graphic services. this m anagement position reports to the associ­ ate director for technical services and systems and is responsible assistant university librarian automation & technical services miami university as a m em ber of library m anagem ent w orking directly with the dean and university librarian, the assis­ tant university librarian for autom ation will provide leadership for the form ulation and im plem entation of an evolving program of technical support and automation to meet the curricular and research needs of the users of the miami university libraries. the incum bent will have responsibility for the cataloging and acqui­ sitions departm ents and will organize and supervise the library’s autom ation efforts. the assistant u niver­ sity librarian will be responsible for providing strong leadership for the cataloging and acquisitions depart­ ment and for im plem enting needed changes in these areas as a result of automation. the incum bent will oversee the selection and implementation of systems decisions. the assistant university librarian will rep­ resent the miami libraries on cam pus and at professional activities on local, state, and national levels. the ohio board of regents has recently adopted a planning docum ent on interinstitutional cooperation calling for a state-wide sharing of resources and cooperative storage; a state-wide online catalog and/or a systems linking project is currently being explored. qualification: an a la mls; significant experience (at least 5 years) in systems and/or technical services in a large academ ic library; extensive know ledge of and interest in library automation; evidence of effective and innovative accom plishm ents; strong interpersonal skills; com prehensive know ledge of organizational developm ent, com m unication processes and planning; active participation in national library organizations as dem onstration of intellectual leadership and professional expertise; ability to w ork effectively within an environm ent of interaction and consultation with teaching faculty, com puter support personnel and library colleagues. c apacity to lead and manage change. familiarity with the current body of professional library/ information theory and practice. know ledge of needs of academ ic or scholarly library patrons. effective skills in written and oral com m unication. additional advanced degree desirable. the miami university library contains over 1.2 million volumes, has an extensive collection of go vern­ ment docum ents and microforms, and subscribes to over 6,000 periodicals. it serves 750 teaching and research faculty, 14,500 undergraduates and 1,000 graduate students. the library has 32 professional librarians and 55 support staff. the library consists of the king library (main), science library, a rt/a rchitec­ ture library and a music library. regional cam puses are located in hamilton and m iddletow n and will be included on o x fo rd ’s online system. miami university, an academ ically highly selective institution, is located in oxford, ohio, 35 miles north­ west of cincinnati. benefits include blue cross/blue shield, major medical, dental insurance, term life insurance. public em ­ ployees retirem ent system. salary level begins at $38,000 based on experience and qualifications. subm it letter of application, resume, and names, telephone num bers and addresses of three professional refer­ ences to. judith a. sessions, dean and university librarian, miami university, oxford, oh 45056. preliminary screening of applications will begin july 1 5 ,1 9 8 8 . position will remain open until a candidate is appointed. miami university is an equal opportunity employer. 466 / c&rl news for planning and evaluating day-to-day cataloging activities of faculty and support staff in the creation of bibliographic and item data for the libraries’ union public access catalog; for planning, maintaining, and making weekly updates to the database; and for assisting in planning and implementing procedures for phasing out the card cat­ alog. the iup libraries are installing an online union catalog de­ signed by carlyle systems, inc. salary range for this management classification begins at $23,694; however, the starting salary will be dependent upon the qualifications of the successful candidate. fringe benefits are excellent. an mls from an ala-accredited li­ brary school, a second master’s degree, knowledge of aacr2 and library of congress subject headings, good written, oral, interper­ sonal skills, experience with the oclc cataloging subsystem and automated library systems generally, and a minimum of five years experience working in an academic library environment are re­ quired. three years experience in the development and quality con­ trol of an online union catalog in marc format, enriched biblio­ graphic records, dewey decimal classification system, and experience with microcomputing is preferred. training ability or ex­ perience with the implementation of an automated online union cata­ log is useful as well as experience in public or access services in an academic library. send cover letter, resume, and names/addresses/ phone numbers of at least three references postmarked no later than august 1, 1988, to: chair, director of bibliographic services search committee, 203 stapleton library, indiana university of pennsyl­ vania, indiana, pa 15705-1096. iup is an affirmative action, equal biological & health sciences librarian john cotton dana library rutgers, newark campus (search re-opened.) reporting to the head of public services, will provide biological and health sciences and/or general reference services, online database searching, bibliographic instruction, and collection development. the dana library serves students and faculty in the undergraduate and graduate programs, including the college of nurs­ ing and the center for molecular and behavioral neuroscience. qualifications: mls from an accredited library school with strong background in the biological sci­ ences; three years reference experience with back­ ground in online database searching and biblio­ graphic instruction. salary: negotiable with minimum compensation for 12 month appointment at $29,974, plus excel­ lent benefits. submit resume and three sources for current ref­ erence no later than august 1, 1988, to: sandra troy (app 135) library personnel officer rutgers university libraries 169 college avenue new brunswick, nj 08903 (previously announced as app 131.) equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. opportunity employer. minorities and women are encouraged to ap­ ply. education reference librarian, librarian i. dynamic, ur ban academic library seeks creative, energetic, flexible individual with strong commitment to public services. reports to the assistant director for public services for general reference se rvice s,. computer-based literature searching, and library instruction with em­ phasis on the promotion of computerized resources. manages in­ structional materials center in education school and supervises imc library assistant ii. reports to assistant director for collection delibrary director the library director is the chief administrative of­ ficer of the library and is responsible for establishing and maintaining a range and quality of services that will support and promote the academic programs of the university and encourage optimal library use. the library has a collection of 390,000 volumes, 2,000 current periodical subscriptions, and a staff of 22 plus student employees. it offers a wide range of services and is currently completing plans to in­ stall an integrated online library information system. qualifications: a master’s degree in library sci­ ence from an ala-accredited school is required; an additional master’s or a doctoral degree preferred. progressively responsible administrative experi­ ence in an academic library. evidence of leader­ ship ability and interpersonal and communication skills. experience with library automation preferred. salary is negotiable based upon experience and ability. salary range is $41,900 to $68,400. applications and nominations, including letter of application, resume, and the names and addresses of three references should be sent to: m. nancy terry, chair search committee 112 zumberge library grand valley state university allendale, ml 49401 it is expected the person selected will be avail­ able january 1, 1989. review of applications will continue until the position is filled. applications from qualified minority and women candidates are en­ couraged. grand valley state university was established in 1960 and offers both undergraduate and graduate programs. current student enrollment 8,800. the 897 acre, 21 building campus is located 12 miles west of grand rapids, michigan, and 12 miles east of lake michigan. the university recently opened the l.v. eberhard center, a 9-story, $29 million dol­ lar facility in downtown grand rapids near the gerald r. ford museum. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. july/august 1988 / 467 the california institute of technology library contains approximately 470,000 volumes, has extensive microfilm and technical report collections, and subscribes to 6,600 serials. it serves about 800 teaching and research faculty, 820 under­ graduates, and 1,000 graduate students. the library staff consists of 17 librarians and 38 support staff. the library is currently implementing an integrated online system. currently the library seeks the following professionals: catalog and database maintenance librarian the position reports to the head of cataloging and is responsible for maintenance of the online database and the card catalog. duties include correcting data errors; resolving entry conflicts; and maintaining various bibliographic, in process, and payment records. other duties are supervision and monitoring of the filing and revision of cards in the card catalog and the shelf list, handling difficult cataloging problems, original cataloging, and assisting the head of cataloging in maintaining consistency of name and subject headings, and training and supervision. applicants for the position must possess a master’s degree in library science from an ala accredited program, and at least two years of cataloging experience in an academic library. applicants must be familiar with library of congress authority files, marc formats, and bibliographic utilities. planning and com­ munication skills and ability to achieve results are essential. the salary is commensurate with experience and qualifications with a minimum of $25,000 annually. science librarian the position reports to the head of the science and engineering libraries and is responsible for overseeing the daily operations of the math, physics, chemistry, and biology collections in the millikan library. other duties include providing general reference service, collection development and faculty liaison in specific areas, online searching, and other special projects as assigned. applicants for the job must possess a master’s degree in library science from an ala accredited program. applicants with a related science degree or expe­ rience in a science or research area will be given special consideration. experience in an academic science library is desired. the salary is commensurate with experience and qualifications, with a minimum salary of $24,000 annually. the position is available oct. 1, 1988. to be considered for either position, please send a letter of application with resume and the names and addresses of three references to: glenn l. brudvig, director of information resources, millikan library, california institute of technology, pasadena, ca 91125. we are an affirmative action/equal oppor­ tunity employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. 468 / c&r l news velopment for collection development and faculty liaison responsibil­ ities with education school and psychology department. library au­ tom ation includes wide pc access, w ln-based online catalog/circulation (lumin) linking four university of missouri cam­ puses, oclc cataloging/ill/reference, innovacq acquisitions. opportunity to gain management and public relations experience, working with solid management team of librarians. minimum require­ ments: ala-accredited mls; strong oral/written communication skills; progressive attitude toward information services; ability to work with faculty, students; evidence of professional initiative. prefer­ red: degree in education or psychology; current supervisory, public services, collection development, online catalog, online searching experience. salary: $20,500. standard fringe benefits. low cost of living in exciting city. application review to begin july 1 and continue until position filled. available: september 1, 1988. send letter of ap­ plication, resume, names of three references to: helen h. spalding, associate director of libraries, university of missouri-kansas city, 5100 rockhill road, kansas city, mo 64110; (816) 276-1531. must be a u.s. citizen or have legal right to work in the united states. english librarian, university of illinois library at urbana champaign. a faculty position available october 1,1988. responsi­ ble for administration of english library and for direction of its staff. with materials budget of $40,000, librarian, in cooperation with fac­ ulty, develops and maintains research collections in english, cinema studies, theatre, and speech communication. also ensures that ref­ erence, original cataloging, and online services are provided to meet needs of faculty, students and allied personnel in areas served. maintains strong working relationship with faculty of departments served, library administration, arts and humanities council, other re­ lated units, and engages in instructional and promotional activities of the library. qualifications: required: mls from ala school, or its equivalent; undergraduate degree in english or allied fields; experi­ ence encompassing english literature and/or allied studies in an aca­ demic or research library; a minimum of three years professional ser­ vice. supervisory and administrative experience. ability to provide service to a diverse research-oriented clientele. strong evidence of ability to meet university standards of research, publication, and ser­ vice. preferred: advanced degree in english or allied fields; experi­ ence in collection development, cataloging, bibliographic instruc­ tion, and database searching. desired: experience or familiarity with cinema studies, theatre, and speech communication. familiarity with the needs of researchers in these fields, as demonstrated by aca­ demic background or professional experience. librarians have fac­ ulty rank. salary: $26,000 upward, assistant professor level, and $29,000 upward, associate professor level. send letter of applica­ tion and complete resume with names, addresses, and telephone numbers of five references to: allen g. dries, library personnel man­ ager, library personnel office, 127 library, university of illinois library, 1408 west gregory drive, urbana, il 61801. phone (217) 333-8169. application/nomination deadline july 31, 1988. aa/eeo employer. fine arts bibliographer and reference librarian, avery architectural and fine arts library (search reopened). re­ ports directly to the avery librarian. primary responsibilities in­ volve the continued development of a strong research collection in painting, sculpture, the graphic arts, archaeology, and art his­ tory in general. duties include overseeing all library activities in the above subject fields, such as acquisitions, in-depth reference, bib­ liographic instruction, preservation of the collection, and liaison with the faculty and students of the department of art history and archaeology. the incumbent also selects and indexes articles in art historical and archaeology journals for the avery index to archi­ tectural literature. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: two to five years of relevant professional experience; a strong background in art history with preferential consideration to appli­ cants with an advanced degree; evidence of professional creativ­ ity and initiative; the ability to communicate and work effectively with faculty and students; and a working knowledge of one ger­ manic and one romance language (working know ledge of french, german and italian is most desirable). salary ranges are c u rre n tly: l ib ra ria n i: $ 2 5 ,0 0 0 -$ 3 2 ,5 0 0 ; l ib ra ria n ii: $27,000-$36,450. excellent benefits include assistance with uni­ versity housing and tuition exemption for self and family. submit resume, listing three references to: kathleen wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is july 21, 1988. please specify "fine arts bibliographer” on ap­ plication. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, cataloging department. associate librarian rank: $33,000-$36,000. calendar year appointment. position now open. excellent benefits. required: accredited mls, 5-7 years relevant experience; demonstrated leadership, management, and oral/writ­ ten communications skills. demonstrated experience with aacr2, lc classification/lcsh, and oclc. must be able to do original cata­ loging of all formats. supervises 3 professionals, 5 support staff. pre­ ferred: public service experience; experience with integrated library systems and library applications of microcomputers. participates in night/weekend public service desk rotation. applications accepted until august 1, 1988. send resume with cover letter and names of three references to: r. delaine baker, affirmative action officer, 301c netzer administration building, state university of new york college, oneonta, ny 13820. an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. head, cataloging department, university of northern iowa. the university of northern iowa seeks a knowledgeable, ener­ getic and creative individual to provide leadership to the library’s cataloging department. the department head is responsible for the management of all cataloging activities, including developing poli­ cies and procedures, maintaining quality control, solving complex cataloging problems, and coordinating activities with heads of other departments. the department consists of two professional librarians and six support staff. the department head will have an active role in the implementation of the online catalog. qualifications: ala accredited master’s degree in library science required; second mas­ ter’s degree preferred and required for tenure. a minimum of four years cataloging experience and extensive knowledge of aacr, marc formats, lc classification, and lcsh required. experience with a bibliographic utility (oclc) and an automated local library sys­ tem preferred. organizational, supervisory, leadership, and well developed written/oral communication skills highly desirable. the university of northern iowa is one of three state-supported universi­ ties governed by the board of regents. uni is a comprehensive uni­ versity composed of six colleges enrolling over 11,000 students in broad curriculums at undergraduate and graduate levels. the uni­ versity is located in cedar falls/waterloo, a metropolitan area of ap­ proximately 100,000 population. rank and salary are dependent upon qualifications and experience, with $32,000 minimum. the university provides an excellent fringe benefits package, including tiaa/cref and blue cross/blue shield. interested candidates should send a letter of application, resume and list of three refer­ ences (including addresses and telephone numbers) to: chair of the cataloging department head search committee, donald o. rod li­ brary, university of northern iowa, cedar falls, la 50613. appli­ cations must be received by august 21,1988. aa/eoe. women, mi­ norities, and members of other protected classes are encouraged to apply. head of access services, institute of. technology libraries, university of minnesota. reporting to the director of the institute of technology libraries, the access services head provides leader­ ship and initiative in planning, strengthening, and implementing pro­ grams and policies to enhance access services in a dynamic, in­ creasingly automated environment. develops access service standards and monitors response to service needs. communicates access service programs to patrons. promotes positive image of li­ brary within the scientific and technical community of the university of minnesota. serves as a member of departmental management council and university library committees as appropriate. partici­ pates in planning and implementation of automated circulation sys­ tem (notis). plans and manages space and facilities for services, staff and collections. assume administrative responsibility for the or­ ganization, staffing, budgeting and operation of the access services units: circulation/stack maintenance, reserve, photoduplication services/document delivery, and building and collections security. qualifications: 1) mls or equivalent. 2) minimum 3 years relevant public service experience preferably in an academic research li­ brary. 3) strong commitment to responsible and innovative service. ability to provide leadership while working cooperatively in a de­ manding and rapidly changing environment. 4) understanding of computer applications to access services desirable, 5) strong com­ munication, organizational, analytical and planning skills. library profile: the institute of technology libraries is comprised of the sci­ ence and engineering library, mathematics library and architec­ ture library. access services is a major division within the science and engineering library. it also provides services for the depart­ ments of education, psychology, and general library users. taken together it maintains a collection of approximately 700,000 volumes, july /august 1988 / 469 and services 250,000 circulation transactions annually. the access services unit consists of 10 fte staff and approximately 4 0 -4 5 stu­ dent assistants. an online circulation system is anticipated to be op­ erational fall, 1989. this is a 12-month academic/professional posi­ tion with probationary appointment at assistant librarian rank with a minimum salary of $25,000. application deadline is september 16, 1988, with an anticipated january 1,1989, starting date. submit let­ ter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three refer­ ences to: barbara doyle, personnel officer, university of minne­ sota libraries-twin cities campus, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. please cite ul 173 on appli­ cation. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer, and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. note: the immigration reform and con­ trol act of 1986 requires all new employees to submit verification of identity and authorization to work in the united states at time of hire. head of technical services. indiana university southeast, new albany (louisville, kentucky, metropolitan area), one of 8 cam­ puses in indiana university system. head of technical services is responsible for all aspects of technical services operations: acquisi­ tion, serials, government publications and bibliographic control. de­ partment consists of 4 full time support staff. (central processing per­ formed on bloom ington campus.) some reference desk duty. reports directly to director of library services. ala/mls required. at least 2 years professional experience in one or more aspects of technical services required. also required: knowledge of oclc, aacr2; excellent managerial, organizational, interpersonal skills; and strong service orientation. knowledge of retrospective conver­ sion, online catalog systems (preferably notis) highly desirable. must be able to meet the responsibilities of a tenure track appoint­ ment. salary $20,000/12 months. tiaa/cref; liberal benefits. send letter of application, resume and names and addresses of 3 refer­ ences to: frances livingston, chair, search and screen committee, box 88-2, c/o personnel office, indiana university southeast, 4201 grant line road, new albany, in 47150. applications re­ ceived by july 20, 1988, will receive first consideration. indiana uni­ versity is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, serials cataloging division, university of califor­ nia, berkeley. manage unit responsible for creating and maintaining serials catalog records and establishing authority records. over 210,000 serial titles are held by the library, approximately 80,000 of which are received currently. responsible for the retrospective con­ version of serials records not yet in machine-readable form. mls de­ gree, 5 years of cataloging experience (a substantial portion in seri­ als c a ta lo g in g ), c a ta lo g in g in an a u to m a te d e n viro n m e n t, supervisorial experience in a large cataloging operation and good oral and written communication skills required. knowledge of west­ ern european languages desirable. full job description on request. appointment salary range $31,008 to $44,676 per annum depend­ ing on qualifications. applications received by 12 august 1988 will receive first consideration. send resume, including name and ad­ dress of three professional references to: janice h. burrows, library personnel office, room 447 library, university of california, berkeley, ca 94720. the university of california is an equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer. three positions case western reserve university head of bibliographic services department. manages the activities of the bibliographic ser­ vices department, which include the cataloging and physical processing of all newly-acquired materials (monographs and serials), the coordination of all retrospective conversion activities and the maintenance of the online and manual catalogs; coordinates cataloging activities of departments which do not report di­ rectly to the technical services division. staff consists of 4 fte professionals, 8 fte support staff plus student assistants. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; second master’s degree in a subject specialty pre­ ferred; 5 years increasingly responsible experience in cataloging activities in an academ ic research library; substantial managerial/supervisory experience; com mand of aacr2, lcsh, the marc formats, oclc or a com parable network; experience with a local online library system. rank: librarian iii. salary: $29,000 minimum. head of serials department. manages the serials department activities, which include acquisi­ tions, fiscal control, check-in, record keeping and physical processing for all serials, standing orders and other continuations; provides planning for continued use of the geac acquisitions subsystem for serials control; manages the serials/continuation budget; maintains liaison with public service departments, so that user needs are efficiently and effectively served; coordinates the serials record-keeping activities of university libraries departments which do not report directly to the technical services division. staff con­ sists of 6 fte support staff plus student assistants. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; 3 years increas­ ingly responsible experience in the management of serials collections and activities; substantial m anage­ rial/supervisory experience; experience with an automated serials control system; experience in budgetary control of serials. rank: librarian ii. salary: $25,000 minimum. head of circulation department. oversees administration of daily circulation operations in two locations, including general circulation, reserves, stack maintenance and photocopy services; provides planning for continued use of the geac circulation subsystem; acts as liaison with faculty and students, especially in matters concerning circulation policy and procedures. staff consists of 11 fte support staff and 20 student assistants. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; 2 years experience as a professional librar­ ian; experience with an integrated online system; excellent oral and written communication skills; user oriented philosophy. rank: librarian ii. salary: $25,000 minimum. send resume and names of three current references to: karen k. griffith, personnel librarian, case western reserve university libraries, 11161 east boulevard, cleveland, oh 44106, by 20 july 1988. preliminary interviews may be conducted at ala. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 470 / c &rl news head, serials department, university of cincinnati. re­ sponsible for the management of the centralized serials acquisitions and serials cataloging services for the university libraries. receives general direction from the associate university librarian for access services. supervises a staff of 2 librarians and 9.5 fte support staff. university libraries consists of a main library and eleven college and departmental libraries. the collection includes 1,250,000 volumes, 14,000 subscriptions and 1,625,000 microforms. this position offers the opportunity to bring together serials acquisitions and serials cata­ loging functions, to implement an online serials system, and to de­ sign and implement new workflow. required qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program. demonstrated leadership, man­ agement and human relations skills. five years experience, which includes library serials acquisitions. successful supervisory experi­ ence. ability to communicate clearly, both orally and in writing. pre­ ferred: experience with online catalogs and online serials control systems. public service experience. serials cataloging experience. salary: salary and rank is commensurate with qualifications and ex­ perience. range $28,000-$34,000. deadline: july 5, 1988. send resume, with cover letter and names of three references to: judy wernicke, personnel assistant, 640 langsam library, university of cincinnati, cincinnati, oh 45221-0033. university of cincinnati is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. media librarian (film library). the university of arizona is seek­ ing a professional librarian to manage the services of its film/video unit. responsibilities include supervision of 2.0 fte support staff and several student assistants; coordination of an annual classic film se­ ries; reference and loan service, library instruction, collection devel­ opment and special projects identified for the unit by the head media center librarian. applicants must possess an ala-accredited mas­ ter’s degree, have demonstrated supervisory skills, and have knowl­ edge of non-print materials and services. ability to communicate ef­ fectively to individuals and groups is essential. knowledge of library automation is desired. minimum salary is $21,500; higher salary ne­ gotiable depending on qualifications and experience. librarians at the university of arizona have academic professional status, are eli­ gible for continuing appointment, are voting members of the faculty, and may take up to 24 days professional leave per year. they have 22 days paid vacation, 12 days sick leave and 10 holidays. a stan­ dard package of fringe benefits is available. send a letter of applica­ tion, resume, and names of three references to: w. david laird, uni­ versity librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721, by august 12, 1988. the position is available november 1, 1988. the university of arizona is an equal employment opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. monographs and historical collections librar­ ian. the health sciences library of the university of north carolina at chapel hill invites applications for monographs and historical col­ lections librarian. reporting to the head of acquisitions services, this position will be responsible for coordinating collection develop­ ment for all current monographs and historical materials, including liaison with faculty and public services librarians regarding collection needs. other responsibilities will include serving as consultant for historical information service and overseeing preservation and conthree reference positions arizona state university arizona state university, home of the new phoenix cardinals, is pleased to offer three outstanding career opportunities. in addition to 284 days of unmitigated sunshine, the salary for each position begins at $19,500 and is negotiable, dependent on education and experience. the successful candidates for all three positions will participate in four broad areas of responsibility: refer­ ence service, collection development, faculty liaison and specialized public service (database searching, orientation and instruction, in-depth reference in assigned subject areas). humanities reference librarians. except for languages, the qualifications for two positions are identical. required: ala-accredited mls degree or foreign equivalent; relevant academic background for assigned subject areas; relevant experience in an academic, large public or research library; strong interpersonal and communication skills. preferred: graduate degree in relevant humanities discipline; ex­ perience and/or training in collection development and management, general reference, orientation and instruction, database searching; appropriate professional experience. for the position of reference librarian/western european subject specialist for romance languages and literatures, a strong working knowledge of french is required, and familiarity with spanish, italian, or a classical language is preferred. the position of reference libra­ rian/subject specialist for religious studies, germanic languages and philos­ ophy requires a strong working knowledge of german and prefers familiarity with scandinavian lan­ guages or dutch. science reference librarian/subject specialist for life sciences and agri­ culture. required: ala-accredited mls degree or foreign equivalent; academic training and/or expe­ rience using the life sciences/agriculture information sources; demonstrated written and oral communica­ tion skills; knowledge of science reference tools. preferred: undergraduate or graduate degree in a life science; relevant academic background and/or experience in agriculture; reference experience in an aca­ demic, research or special library; experience in collection development in an academic or research li­ brary, preferably including approval plans, collection assessment and other development and evaluation methods; experience in using dialog, brs or stn. application deadline: recruitment will remain open until the positions are filled, with review of applica­ tions beginning on august 15,1988. please apply separately for each position in which interested. send letter which addresses all stated qualifications, current resume, and names, addresses and telephone num­ bers of four recent references to: constance corey, assistant university librarian, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287-1006; (602) 965-3417. asu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. july/august 1988 / 471 servation activities for all collections. required: ala-accredited mls. highly desirable: life sciences degree. preference given tö candidates who also have experience in a health or science library, in collection development or acquisitions, or in a science field. dem­ onstrated interest in history of medicine desirable. qualities sought include excellent interpersonal and communication skills, interest in professional involvement, and a commitment to serving the informa­ tion needs of health professionals. salary based on experience and other factors: for example, minimum $18,800; base salary with 3 years relevant experience $22,000. the health sciences library has a professional staff of 24; it serves 5 professional schools and north carolina memorial hospital. send letter of application, curriculum vi­ tae, and names of 3 references to: carol g. jenkins, director, health sciences library, cb# 7585, university of north carolina at chape! hill, chapel hill, nc 27599-7585. to be assured of consid­ eration, applications should be received by august 31,1988. affirm­ ative action, equal opportunity employer. nonbook librarian (search reopened). university of nevada, las vegas, seeks energetic, creative librarian to fill new nonbook li­ brarian position and assume responsibility for managing, planning and implementing an expanding nonbook program. nonbook sec­ tion is staffed by 3.5 classified employees and 10 part-time student assistants. services include providing access to a variety of audiovi­ sual materials; operating a copy service; providing a growing faculty development center that currently includes microcomputers and grading machines; cooperating with the computing center in hous­ ing a computer training lab. this person will work closely with tele media services, faculty, librarians and other university community members to ensure that appropriate services, collections and equip­ ment are available; serve as an advocate for the role of nonbook ma­ terials in a university library; and address relationships between computer technologies and nonbook services. qualifications: ala accredited mls; training and experience in use of nonbook materi­ als, sources and equipment; planning, supervisory and communica­ tion skills; two years professional experience, preferably in an academic library; ability to relate harmoniously with clients and staff; and commitment to responsive and innovative public services. sal­ ary: $25,000-$30,000. librarians have tenure-track positions, fac­ ulty status, 12-month appointments, 24 days per year of paid vaca­ tion, and standard fringe benefits including tiaa/cref. no state income tax. deadline for submission of applications is september 16, 1988. send letter of application; resume; and names, phone numbers and addresses of three references to: mary dale deacon, director of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, 4505 south maryland parkway, las vegas, nv 89154-7001. preservation librarian. works with department head in managing a variety of preservation activities and projects. responsi­ ble for operation and management of preservation office, one of three units within the department. assess preservation needs of col­ lections and develops plans to meet those needs. mls preferred or equivalent; demonstrated interest in and commitment to library pres­ ervation; excellent interpersonal skills; ability to communicate effec­ tively both orally and in writing; ability to take initiative and work inde­ pendently. salary range: $21,000-$24,000. send application and resume, including names of three references to: lance query, assis­ tant university librarian for planning and personnel, northwestern university library, evanston, il 60208. applications will be ac­ cepted until the position is filled. aa/eoe. public service librarians. the hedi steinberg library at stern college for women (located in mid-town manhattan) seeks two public service librarians. responsibilities include: reference service, bibliographic instruction, database searching, collection develop­ ment and supervision of student aides. mls and knowledge of he­ brew required. salary range: $19,000-$28,000 (depending on years of experience). excellent benefits including 4 weeks vacation. two positions reopened at the new york institute of technology the new york institute of technology’s old westbury campus is situated on 600 acres of wooded es­ tates and is within easy access of manhattan. a new fully automated library building is planned for com ple­ tion in the academ ic year 1989-90. the current campus library, part of a four-branch library system, con­ tains 81,000 volumes and 1,000 journal titles. branch/reference librarian. to manage collections and public services and serve as reference librarian. duties include planning, supervision of staff of 6, bibliographic instruction, collection develop­ ment in the humanities, faculty liaison, database searching. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, substan­ tial and related academ ic library experience with strong and successful public services record; responsible administrative experience. demonstrated ability to work with various college constituencies; excellent com ­ munication skills. experience with automated systems, second graduate degree desirable. salary: from $27,000 depending on qualifications. acquisitions librarian. responsible for coordination and supervision of the acquisitions depart­ ment of a multibranch library system, including order and receipt of materials (books and serials), monitor­ ing budget accounts, vendor relations, gifts and exchange programs. works closely with faculty for ongo­ ing collection developm ent. qualifications: ala-accredited mls with significant academ ic library acquisitions experience and strong supervisory skills. knowledge of automated acquisitions control sys­ tems. excellent com munications and interpersonal skills. salary: from $21,000 depending on qualifica­ tions. nyit is an eeo/aa employer. benefits include one month vacation, generous holidays, medical and dental care, retirement plans, tuition remission for self and dependents. review of application will begin july 1, 1988, and continue until position is filled. will interview at ala new orleans. submit application letter, resume, names and titles of three references to: constance woo director of libraries h. schure library new york institute of technology old westbury, ny 11568 472 / c &rl news please send resume and salary requirement to: elliot wasserman, yeshiva university, personnel department, 2495 amsterdam av­ enue, new york, ny 10033. eoe. reference/circulation librarian. search reopened ala-accredited mls degree required. supervisory ability and com­ munication skills necessary. interest in computerized systems de­ sired. duties include direct reference, bibliographic instruction, ref­ erence collection development, circulation supervision, circulation policy decisions, work with automated circulation system, mainte­ nance of collection, some night and weekend work. salary minimum $18,000, negotiable and competitive. faculty rank, tenure track po­ sition. send application/resume and three references to: gwen creswell, james earl carter library, georgia southwestern col­ lege, americus, ga 31709, by july 18, 1988. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference/data archive librarian. the university of missouri-columbia is seeking qualified applicants for the position of reference/data archive librarian. principal responsibilities include providing library services relating to non-b¡bliographic textual and numeric datafiles, including administration, budgeting and account­ ing for these services; collection development; reference; referral; and liaison functions with appropriate agencies on and off campus. these machine-readable data files may include tapes acquired from the u.s. government, the inter-university consortium for political and social research, other archive agencies, and from individual or institutional researchers. they may be numeric files, textual-numeric, or full text and include public opinion polls and surveys, election studies, studies in economic behavior, historical surveys, and legis­ lative roll call data, as examples. coordination of library services with other campus units (e.g. computing facilities, academic depart­ ments, and campus statistical research units) will constitute an im­ portant function. also provides general reference services in central reference department. requires minimum of a master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; ability to communicate effectively with faculty, students, staff, and computer specialists; potential to work independently with textual and numeric data files. prefer back­ ground in and understanding of the quantitative social sciences; ref­ erence experience in an academic or research library; experience working with textual and numeric data files; experience with micro­ computers; basic programming experience. minimum salary: $18,000+ for 12 months with usual fringe benefits, depending on qualifications and experience. available: september 1, 1988. send letter of application, names of three references and resume to: pat burbridge, personnel coordinator, 104 ellis library (cn), univer­ sity of missouri-columbia, columbia, mo 65201. to ensure con­ sideration, applications should be received by july 15, 1988. the university of missouri-columbia is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and hires only u.s. citizens and lawfully authorized alien workers. reference librarian/business subject specialist, assistant professor (tenure-leading). (search reopened.) central reference services department starting october 1, 1988. 1) serve on the reference/information desk. 2) select materials for the gen­ eral library collection for the college of business administration and in actuarial science. (includes collection management, assessment, and fund management.) 3) provide user education in assigned sub­ ject area(s). 4) liaison with faculty, staff, and students in the college of business administration and affiliated agencies. 5) online search­ ing in the humanities and social sciences. required: mls from a pro­ gram accredited by the american library association; strong inter­ personal skills; demonstrated oral and written communication skills; business degree or equivalent experience. preferred: experience in online searching; experience in reference service; graduate degree in the social sciences or humanities; reading knowledge of one or more foreign language(s). $19,000 minimum for a 12-rnonth con­ tract. salary may be higher depending upon the qualifications of the successful applicant. apply with full resume plus names and current addresses/telephone numbers of three references by august 15, 1988, to: kent hendrickson, dean of libraries, 106 love library, university of nebraska-lincoln, lincoln, ne 68588-0410. affirm­ ative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian, humanities and visual arts. progressive college library supporting programs in liberal, fine, and the performing arts seeks librarian for general reference service, with emphasis on humanities and visual arts. extensive bibliographic in­ struction and online searching activity. library has automated cata­ log and is moving toward end-user online searching. beside refer­ ence duties, responsibilities include collection development in humanities fields and supervision of slide collection, liaison with ap­ propriate teaching departments, and participation in college govern­ ance. stimulating professional environment; faculty status. require­ ments: master’s degree from accredited library school. preference to candidates with additional master’s degree in relevant field and/or academic library experience. salary commensurate with qualifica­ tions; hiring range $21,000-$26,000. excellent fringe benefits. re­ view of application begins july 30,1988. please send resume, letter of application, and names of three references to: richard silver, af­ firmative action officer, state university of new york college at purchase, purchase, ny 10577. affirmative action, equal opportu­ nity employer. reference librarian in a library serving a multi-ethnic univer­ sity population of 12,000 in the san francisco bay area. responsibil­ ities: general reference service, bibliographic instruction, database searching, reference collection development, other related duties as assigned. evening and weekend duty included. required: ala accredited mls. at least two years of full-time academic library expe­ rience performing general reference, bibliographic instruction, and database searching. demonstrated professional commitment. tem­ porary 12-24 month appointment (with possibility of reappointment) plus staff benefits at assistant or senior assistant librarian rank, de­ pending upon experience and qualifications ($31,680-$34,740). progressive professional and/or scholarly development required for reappointment. apply by august 8, 1988. send letter of application with resume to: melissa rose, library director, california state university, hayward, hayward, ca 94542. csuh is an equal oplibrary director smithsonian institution the smithsonian institution is seeking candidates for the position of director of smithsonian libraries, washington, d.c. this position is in the federal civil service with salary of $64,397 to $72,500 per an­ num. smithsonian libraries constitute a major re­ search library complex, supporting the research, curatorial, exhibition, publication, and public ser­ vice programs of the institution. its collection of ap­ proximately 1,000,000 volumes, including 20,000 serial subscriptions, is available to smithsonian and other scholars through a system of 36 library loca­ tions in the washington metropolitan area and at smithsonian facilities outside of washington, d.c. candidates should have a high degree of profes­ sional competence in library/information science; substantial experience in the administration of a re­ search library serving a large, complex organiza­ tion; and demonstrated administrative and mana­ gerial ability. closing date for application august 31, 1988. send standard form 171, application for federal employment, and curriculum vitae to: office of personnel administration smithsonian institution washington, d.c. 20560 attn: ex-04-88 (cr) for fu rthe r inform ation, telephone: v incent roots, (202) 357-3317. an equal opportunity employer. july/august 1988 / 473 portunity, affirmative action, title ix employer. applications from women and minorities welcomed. reference librarian. indiana university southeast, new al­ bany (louisville, kentucky, metropolitan area), one of 8 campuses in indiana university system. under supervision of head of readers services, reference librarian provides reference and bibliographic instruction services; supervises interlibrary loan; coordinates online searching. ala/mls required. also required: knowledge of online searching, oclc, excellent interpersonal skills, strong service orien­ tation. must be able to meet the requirements of a tenure track ap­ pointment. salary $18,000/12 months. tiaa/cref, liberal benefits. send letter of application, resume and names and addresses of 3 references to: nancy totten, chair, search and screen committee, box 88-3, c/o personnel office, indiana university southeast, 4201 grant line road, new albany, in 47150. applications re­ ceived by july 20, 1988, will be given first consideration. indiana university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian. responsibilities include general refer­ ence service, introductory and subject-oriented bibliographic in­ struction, and teaching an introduction to the library course. some evening and weekend hours. will be part of a staff of eleven refer­ ence librarians in a setting including the use of oclc, and online and cd databases. notis implementation in progress. may be assigned collection development and faculty liaison responsibilities depend­ ing on areas of expertise and need. ala-accredited mls; at least two years of professional academic library experience, including bibliographic instruction and general reference work; and demon­ strated interpersonal communication skills. second advanced de­ gree desirable. this is a tenure-track faculty position. reappointment and promotion dependent upon evaluation of demonstrated prog­ ress towards and achievement in meeting library and university crite­ ria based on professional competence and growth, scholarly and creative activity, and appropriate university and public service. mini­ mum of $18,000 (instructor) or $21,000 (assistant professor) for ten month academic year. opportunity for summer employment exists. c. m.u. is a state university with an enrollment of 17,000 students and over 650 full-time faculty. submit letter of application specifying posi­ tion, a resume, and the names, addresses and phone numbers of three references. applications received prior to july 15,1988, will be given priority consideration. send to: chairperson, selection com­ mittee, 207 park library, central michigan university, mount pleasant, ml 48859; (517) 774-6419. cmu is an affirmative action and equal opportunity institution. reference/liaison librarian, assistant professor (tenure leading), branch services department, starting october 1, 1988. 1. serve on reference/information desk. 2. select materials for library collections in assigned subject areas serving the college of home economics (consumer science and education; human develop­ ment and the family; human nutrition and foodservice manage­ ment; and textiles, clothing and design); barkley center (special education and communication disorders); and the college of agri­ culture (agricultural communications, agricultural economics, and agricultural education). 3. conduct online searching in the social sci­ ences and humanities related to collection development assign­ ments. 4. provide user education in assigned subject areas. 5. pro­ vide liaison with faculty, students, and staff in assigned areas. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school, excellent in­ terpersonal skills, degree in one of assigned subject areas or rele­ vant work experience. preferred: graduate degree in one of as­ signed subject areas, experience in online searching, reference experience, user education experience. $19,000 minimum for a 12 month contract. salary may be higher depending upon the qualifica­ tions of the successful applicant. apply with full resume plus names and current addresses/telephone numbers of three references by august 15,1988, to: kent hendrickson, dean of libraries, 106 love library, university of nebraska-lincoln, lincoln, ne 68588 0410. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. serials catalog librarian. requirements: mls (ala accredited). experience in serials cataloging, including original cata­ loging, copy cataloging and catalog maintenance; experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility; ability to work with foreign lan­ guage material. desired qualifications: successful supervisory ex­ perience, including training and evaluating personnel; working knowledge of authority practices, anglo-american catalog rules and lc rule interpretations, oclc/marc formats and conser stan­ dards; experience with an online catalog; reading knowledge of ro­ mance languages, german and/or russian; familiarity with dewey decimal classification; familiarity with ansi/niso serial holdings standards and with usnp newspaper cataloging standards; strong communication and interpersonal skills; good planning and organi­ zational skills. responsibilities: responsible for original and copy cataloging of serials in all formats; coordinates the operations of the serials cataloging unit; trains and supervises 4 clerical staff plus stu­ dent assistants; directs and revises staff cataloging and catalog maintenance activities in both manual and online environments; serves as resource person for all library faculty, professional and clerical staff in matters relating to serials cataloging and catalog maintenance policies and procedures. status and benefits: exempt professional. twelve month appointment with annual vacation of 22 days. flexible benefit programs with open enrollments annually. group life, medical and disability insurance programs are in effect as are tiaa/cref retirement and social security coverage. salary $20,000 and up depending upon qualifications. deadline: septem­ ber 1, 1988, or until position is filled. send resume and list of refer­ ences to: thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, libraries, stewart center, purdue university, west lafayette, in 47907. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials librarian, cataloging department. senior assistant li­ brarian rank: $23,000-$26,000. calendar year appointment. posi­ tion now open. excellent benefits. accredited mls required; 3 -5 years experience with marc serials format, aacr2, lc classifica tion/lcsh, and oclc. member of cataloging department of 4 pro­ fessionals, 5 support staff. responsible for all serials cataloging and maintenance of serials holdings list, assists with other department duties. participates in night/weekend public service desk rotation. applications accepted until august 1,1988. send resume with cover letter and names of three references to: r. delaine baker, affirmative action officer, 301c netzer administration building, state univer­ sity of new york college, oneonia, ny 13820. an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. southeast asia research bibliographer (search ex tended). duties include southeast asia reference, bibliographic in­ struction, collection assessment, compilation of research tools, and assisting the head of southeast asia collection. master of library science degree from an ala-accredited program (or foreign equiva­ lent), strong academic or experiential background in southeast asia studies, excellent english oral and written communications skills, and mastery of a southeast asian language (preferably indonesian/ malaysian) required. other southeast asian or appropriate asian or european languages and academic library experience desirable. full-time, 12-month position; salary $22,000-$25,000. send appli­ cation letter, current vita, and three references to: lian the-mulliner, head, southeast asia collection, ohio university libraries, ath­ ens, oh 45701-2978, by september 1, 1988. aa/eo employer. urban planning bibliographer and reference li­ brarian, avery architectural and fine arts library. reports di­ rectly to the avery librarian. primary responsibilities involve the con­ tinued development of a research collection in urban planning, housing and real estate development. duties include overseeing all library activities in the above subject fields, such as acquisitions, in depth reference, bibliographic instruction and preservation; coordi­ nation of these activities with related units in the columbia university libraries (business/economics, social science/international affairs and social work libraries); and liaison with the faculty and students of the division of urban planning. the incumbent also provides gen­ eral reference service in the avery architectural and fine arts library and selects and indexes articles in urban planning and real estate journals for the avery index to architectural periodicals. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: one to three years of rele­ vant professional experience; a strong background in the social sci­ ences with preferential consideration to applicants with an advanced degree; evidence of professional activity and initiative; the ability to communicate and write effectively; and working knowledge of at least one foreign language. salary ranges are currently: librarian i: $25,000-$32,500; librarian ii: $27,000-$36,450. excellent benefits include assistance with university housing and tuition exemption for self and family. submit resume, listing three references, to: kathleen wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is august 30,1988. please specify “ urban planning bibliographer” on application. an affirmative action, equal oppor­ tunity employer. 474 / c&r l news late job listings archivist. the hoover institution a t stanford university, a specialized library and archival repository and research center on 20th century social, economic, and political change, announces an opening for the position of archivist. responsible for the adm inistration of the hoover institution archives and its archival programs, including acquisitions, arrangem ent and description of m aterials, reference and access, public programs and publications, security and preservation. qualifications include substantial adm inistrative experience directing a major archival or m anuscript repository or other historical organization; mls and graduate degree in modern u.s., european, or r ussian history, or th eir equivalent in training and experience; dem onstrated effective m anagem ent skills; thorough knowledge of archival theory and practices; fam iliarity with archival automation; and established professional record. salary $40,000-$55,000. complete vacancy listing available upon request. send letter of application, resume, and nam es of three references to; charles g. palm, associate director, h oover in stitu tio n , stanford, ca 94305. application deadline: august 31, 1988. stanford u niversity is an equal opportunity employer through affirmative action. assistant director, automated systems. serves as a ssistant director of the csu pomona campus library. provides the director with technical and adm inistrative support in autom ated systems. works closely with the director and the library d epartm ent heads on local needs assessm ent, planning, development, and im plem entation of micro-, mini-, and mainfram e-based systems in support of library functions and programs. carries out assignm ents in accordance w ith established priorities as determ ined by the director and the library adm inistrative team. participates in overall library planning, budget preparation and the formulation of library policies. recommends new programs and procedures as appropriate. h as adm inistrative responsibility for the overall operations of the library services and facilities in the absence of the director and assum es other duties as assigned by the library director. salary: com m ensurate with qualifications and experience. required: 1) ala accredited mls degree or ms in computer/information science from an ala accredited library program; 2) three years post-mls experience in library autom ation (or an equivalent combination of education and experience from which comparable knowledge and abilities can be acquired). request detailed job description, position announcem ent and application form by sending a letter of inquiry and complete resum e to: search committee, c alifornia s tate p o ly te c h n ic u n iv ersity , pom ona, ca 91768. a completed application form m ust be postm arked by october 28, 1988. eeo/aa/title ix, section 504 employer. employment a t cal poly pomona is subject to federal laws th a t require you to present to the u niversity documents which verify your identity and your legal rights to work in the u nited states. assistant university librarian for public services. loyola u niversity of chicago invites applications and nominations for the position of a ssistant u niversity l ibrarian for public services. this position is responsible for directing and coordinating a public services program which meets the growing instructional and research needs of the university. the a ssistant u niversity l ibrarian for public services will be responsible for developing appropriate m eans for coordinating services and strengthening communication between the public service units of the university’s two m ain libraries, cudahy library on the lake shore campus and lewis towers library in downtown chicago on the w ater tower campus. the aul for public services reports to the associate u niversity l ibrarian and participates as a senior adm inistrator in the overall m anagem ent of the library system including long-range planning, budget development, resource allocation and policy july /august 1988 / 475 development. the public services division consists of 4 departm ents w ith 15 professionals and 22 support staff w ith responsibilities for reference, circulation, governm ent documents, library instruction, in terlib rary loan, database searching, end-user support, periodicals information, library publications and audiovisual services. the university library system serves 16,000 students and 1,400 faculty. the libraries will add the m illionth volume in 1989 and have a m aterials budget of $2 m illion. the libraries have autom ated w ith notis. qualifications include: ala-accredited mls degree; significant public service, supervisory and adm inistrative experience in an academic research library; excellent communication and interpersonal skills; ability to work effectively in a multi-campus system; knowledge of and in terest in using technology to improve services. salary com m ensurate with qualifications and experience. base salary $37,000. l ibrarians have limited faculty statu s, are eligible for librarian sabbatical leaves after 3 years, earn 20 days of vacation and have a standard package of fringe benefits including university contributions to tiaa/cref. applications received by august 1, 1988, will receive first consideration, b u t applications will continue to be accepted u n til the position is filled. qualified applicants should send le tte r of application, resum e and the names, addresses and phone num bers of three references to: ellen j. waite, university l ibrarian, cudahy library, l oyola u n iv e r sity o f c hicago, 6525 n orth sheridan road, chicago, il 60626. loyola u niversity of chicago is an affirmative action educator and employer. automation project manager, b aker library, h arvard business school. reports to the associate l ibrarian for a dm inistration and works closely with the associate l ibrarian for information systems. provides supervision of the activities necessary to complete the im plem entation of the integrated library software system. identifies and solves related problems for the library. provides a liaison between technical support in the division of computer services and th e library; provides training and technical assistance in using the system to th e library staff. represents baker on various ad hoc u niversity library committees concerned w ith autom ated systems. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited school or equivalent combination of advanced degree with 3-5 years related work experience. excellent understanding of library systems. previous experience w ith the library system idis techlib/stacs highly desirable. good interpersonal skills and willingness to participate as a team m em ber in a dynamic organization. l ibrarian ii $24,560; l ibrarian iii $30,200 (minimum b u t negotiable based on qualification and experience). send application le tte r and resum e with names, addresses, and telephone num bers of three cu rren t references to: em m a bradford perry, associate l ibrarian for a dm inistration, b aker library, h arvard b u sin e ss s ch ool, boston, ma 02163. h arvard u niversity is an equal opportunity employer. basque studies librarian. the u niversity of nevada-reno library seeks creative, dedicated librarian w ith a strong com m itm ent to public service and fam iliarity w ith technical services to be responsible for internationally known basque studies library of 20,000 volumes. d uties include promotion of the collection, collection development, reference, and other public services. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls. good knowledge of the spanish language. strong supervisory, interpersonal and communication skills. faculty statu s requires th a t librarians m eet faculty stan d ard s for appointm ent, promotion and tenure. desirable qualifications: knowledge of french and the basque language. fam iliarity with iberian history and culture. experience in grantw riting. a ppropriate professional experience, preferably in an academic or research library. salary open, depending upon qualifications and experience (minimum $29,288). 12-month appointment; tiaa/cref; 24 days vacation. position available august 15, 1988. m ountains, desert, lakes, 5 hours by car from san francisco. send resum e and nam es and addresses of three references 476 / c &rl news to: mary b. an sari, head of administrative services, u n iv e rsity of n evada r eno library, reno, nv 89557-0044. closing date september 15,1988, or until position is filled. aa/eoe. unr employs only individuals lawfully authorized to work in the united states. business/general referen ce librarian with a collection management assignment. senior assistant librarian. tenure-track position. $33,192-$43,896 for 12 months; 10-month option available with proportionate salary reduction. required: ala-accredited mls degree, 3 years experience as a business reference librarian in an academic, public or special library; a combination of: a) baccalaureate major or minor in business management; b) demonstrated success with database searching; c) collection management experience as a business bibliographer; d) demonstrated ability in bibliographic instruction. demonstrated ability to work effectively, independently, and cooperatively with others. demonstrated oral and w ritten communication skills. preferred: mba degree from an accredited institution and recent experience in a comparable position. request position announcement/ description and application form by sending a letter of inquiry and complete resume to: laura smith, chair, search committee, c/o library secretary, california state p olytech n ic u niversity, 3801 west temple avenue, pomona, ca 91768. a completed application form m ust be postmarked by september 30, 1988. eeo/aa/title ix, section 504 employer. employment at cal poly pomona is subject to federal laws th at require you to present to the university documents which verify your identity and your legal right to work in the united states. catalog librarian, gelman library, george washington university. appointment salary minimum: (negotiable, based on qualifications and experience): $22,000. position description: serves as the resource person on cataloging problems and issues; performs original and difficult copy cataloging of general library m aterials including nonprint materials; develops policies and procedures in consultation with the departm ent head; trains new catalogers. in addition, the incumbent, like all librarians in the gelman library, will serve as subject specialist on selected academic disciplines depending on background and experience. the gelman library catalogs approximately 25,000 titles annually, and is an oclc enhance library. the cataloging and systems departm ent consists of 6 librarians and 10 support staff. the incumbent will be a member of the original cataloging unit and report to the departm ent head. qualifications required: ala mls; knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, and marc formats; minimum 2 years professional cataloging experience; familiarity with lc cataloging practices and rule interpretations; good oral and w ritten communication skills. qualifications desirable: previous supervisory experience; reading knowledge of at least one foreign language (german and russian preferred); experience with oclc; and experience in cataloging serials and nonprint materials. closing date is september 6, 1988, for this appointment. deadline for applications: for full consideration, please send current resume and names and addresses of three references by september 6, 1988, to: andrea w. stewart, executive associate, gelman library, george w ashington u niversity, 2130 h street, n.w., washington, dc 20052. gwu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. catalog librarian, university libraries, boston college. this position is responsible for original and complex copy cataloging of monographic materials, including nonprint items and scores, using oclc and the integrated online system. performs name, subject and series authority work. serves as a resource for cataloging assistants and participates in departm ental planning. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; 1-2 years cataloging experience; knowledge of lc classification, lc subject headings, aacr2, oclc and marc july/august 1988 / 477 formats; reading knowledge of one or more foreign languages; experience w ith in teg rated online systems highly desirable. salary from $22,000. boston college offers its 14,000 students and almost 700 faculty the advantages of a strong liberal a rts in stitu tio n w ith outstanding graduate and professional programs. the new o’neill library provides an attractive and intensely used environm ent for study and teaching. among other technologies, the library uses the geac, oclc and faxon sc-io systems, and is currently installing the notis system for operation in the fall of 1989. benefits for boston college lib rarian s include 22 days vacation, tuition rem ission and health, dental and other insurance programs. to apply, send resum e and nam es of three references to: richard jefferson, employment m anager, d epartm ent of h um an resources, b o sto n c ollege, c hestnut hill, ma 02167. applications received by a ugust 1, 1988, will receive priority consideration. boston college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. director of library, m arian college. catholic, co-educational, four year liberal a rts and professional studies, 1,100 students. responsibilities include planning, budgeting, policy formation and adm inistration, overall staff direction (two professionals, l .5 clerical, 30 stu d en t assistants), leadership w ith academic dep artm en ts for collection development, collaboration w ith area librarians. reports to academic dean. ala-accredited mls and several years academic lib rary experience required. m ust possess highly developed communication and interpersonal skills and service orientation. experience w ith library autom ation and online d ata searching. application deadline ju ly 20th, 1988, or u n til filled. minimum salary of $27,000 (12 m onths) depending upon qualifications and experience. tiaa/cref and h e alth insurance available. send letter, resume, names, addresses and telephone num bers of three references to: sister claire whalen, academic dean, m arian c ollege, 3200 cold spring road, indianapolis, in 46222. aa/eoe. director of library public services. m eriam library, inform ation services. the california s tate university, chico, is seeking a d irector of l ibrary public services. the person occupying this position serves as a m em ber of a m anagem ent team headed by the associate vice p resident for inform ation services. inform ation services a t chico in teg rates th e major campus inform ation functions. it is divided into the following divisions: l ibrary public services, library collections, computing and telecom­ m unications, and instructional media. w ithin this stru ctu re trad itio n al library services are shared between a director of library collections, who is responsible for the development and access to the library collection, and th e director of l ibrary public services, who is responsible for the l ibrary’s public service program s. the director of library public services reports to the associate vice p resid en t for inform ation services and provides leadership in the form ulation and im plem entation of a strong and evolving program of public library services supporting th e university’s curricular and research needs. the director is responsible for th e assignm ent and supervision of personnel w ithin l ibrary public services, which includes general reference; consultative services (user education, online searching, regional services and inter-l ibrary loan); and special resources (government publications, maps, c urriculum m aterials, and special collections). as an im portant representative of the library, the d irector is expected to participate in university and csu systemwide committees and activities, as assigned. the incum bent is responsible for form ulating, adm inistering and evaluating library public services policies and operations, in preparing and justifying budget proposals, and in preparing reports and analyses for campus, systemwide and external agencies. the director will provide collegial leadership and guidance to l ibrary public services personnel, promoting a workplace atm osphere conducive to job satisfaction and productivity. an aggressive leader in technological innovation 478 / c&rl news (clsi’s alpha development site for the cl cat online catalog, cd-roms, facsimili, etc.), the meriam library offers a high quality and diversified program of library services to an on-campus and regional user community of faculty, students, and staff. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accredited library school; significant administrative (at least 5 years) and public services experience in a large academic library; evidence of effective and innovative accomplishments; experience with personnel and fiscal management; excellent skills in writing, oral communications and interpersonal relations; ability to work effectively within an environment of interaction and consultation with colleagues and clients; ability to establish and m aintain cooperative working relationships with others in a unionized setting. capacity to lead and manage change, knowledge of the needs of academic library patrons, through work experience; personal scholarly activity; and participation in national library organizations. successful grantsmanship, other research experience, and additional advanced degree(s) are highly desired. the csu, chico library contains a million volumes in its main collection, including 400,000 government documents, has extensive microfilm and technical report collections, and subscribes to 6,200 serials. it serves a resident campus of over 800 teaching and research faculty and 15,000 students, most of whom are full-time, including m aster’s-level graduate students. the library has a staff of more than 80, including 23 full-time librarians. the library has had a full online catalog for five years and is currently implementing a next generation system. the city of chico is located in northern california at the edge of the sierra nevada mountains, within four hours’ drive of san francisco. chico is a dynamic city of 65,000 which has been designated one of the 50 best locations to live in the u.s. tree-lines boulevards and the second largest city park in the country are reminders of chico’s history and spanish land-grant heritage. appointment will be made under the university’s management personnel plan at administrator iii level with compensation commensurate with qualifications, but not less than $55,000. submit letter of application, resume, and names, telephone numbers and addresses of three professional references by september 15, 1988, to: jam es may, associate vice president for information services, california state u niversity, chico, chico, ca 95929-0290. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. csu, chico employs only individuals lawfully authorized to work in the united states. head, government publications library. university of minnesota, humanities/social science libraries. the government publications library is one of ten specialized units within the reference and information services division of the humanities/social sciences libraries. it is a regional depository for united states federal government documents and it also houses publications from the state of minnesota, the united nations, intergovernmental organizations, canada and certain other foreign countries. responsibilities: 1. administer and participate in all activities of the government publications library, including reference services, collection development, and m aterials processing. oversee 5.75 full-time staff, currently consisting of 1 professional librarian, 3 library assistants iii, 1 secretary, and .75 senior office assistant. 2. serve as regional depository librarian. implement all current requirements of the u.s. superintendent of documents. 3. participate in planning and policy making both for the unit and for the reference and information services division. serve as a member of the assembly of division unit heads, which reports to the head, reference and information services division. required qualifications: applicants m ust have a m aster’s degree in library science; minimum of 3 years professional library experience, including work with government documents; demonstrated supervisory and administrative skills; and good oral and written communications skills. preferred qualifications: supervisory experience in a large research library; knowledge of trends and issues in government july /a ugust 1988 / 479 publications; and an additional advanced degree in an academ ic discipline. a ppointm ent will be m ade a t eith er th e a ssistan t or associate l ib rarian rank. m inim um salary will be $27,000. send le tte r of application, resum e, an d nam es and ad d resses of th re e references, to: b a rb a ra doyle, personnel officer, u n iv e r s ity o f m innesota-t w in cities, 453 wilson l ibrary, 309 19th avenue south, m inneapolis, mn 55455. applications m u st be postm arked no la te r th a n a ugust 19, 1988. please cite job listing ul175 on application. the u niversity of m innesota is a n equal opportunity educator and employer, an d specifically invites an d encourages applications from women and m inorities. note: the im m igration reform an d control act of 1986 requires all new employees to subm it verification of id en tity an d authorization to work in th e u nited s tates a t tim e of hire. head of government documents/microforms d epa r t­ ment, o’neill library, boston college. this position will provide creative lead ersh ip by planning an d directing an active, service oriented d e p a rtm e n t consisting of a sta ff of 1 professional, 3 clerical and 15 stu d e n t employees an d a collection of over one million microforms and a selective u.s. d epository l ibrary of 120,000 docum ents and maps. provides reference assistance in the d ep artm en t, including some weekend, evening an d holiday hours, plans for grow th a n d direction of collections an d works w ith faculty in developing program s to encourage th e ir use. p articip ates on notis au to m atio n ta sk forces an d p lan s for other uses of autom ation in th e d ep artm en t. serves on d ep a rtm e n t h eads comm ittee, bibliographers council an d o th er lib rary com m ittees. r eports to th e a ssistan t u niversity l ib ra ria n for access services. q ualifications: the successful candidate will have an ala-accredited mls and a t le a st 3 y ears of appropriate experience in an academ ic or depository library. d em o n strated com m itm ent to public service and excellent in te rp e rso n a l and com m unication skills are required. successful supervisory experience is strongly p referred an d practical knowledge of m icrographics and equipm ent and experience w ith docum ents collections is desirable. s alary low to mid $30s, depending upon qualifications. boston college offers its 14,000 stu d e n ts and alm ost 700 faculty th e advantages of a strong liberal a rts in s titu tio n w ith o u tsta n d in g g ra d u a te an d professional program s. the new o’neill l ibrary provides a n a ttra c tiv e and intensely used environm ent for study an d teaching. the lib ra ry a d m in istratio n is com m itted to developing leadership, p lan n in g and m an ag em en t skills a t all levels of th e lib rary staff. b enefits for boston college l ib ra ria n s include 22 days vacation, tu itio n rem ission an d h ealth , d en tal and o th er in su ra n c e program s. to apply, send resum e and nam es of th ree references to: r ichard jefferson, em ploym ent m anager, d ep a rtm e n t of h um an resources, b o s to n c o lleg e, c h estn u t hill, ma 02167. boston college is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. head of technical services, h ealth sciences l ibrary. search reopened. the colum bia u niversity h ealth sciences l ib rary is developing new services an d com puter-based system s as components of colum bia’s in te g ra te d academ ic inform ation m anagem ent system (iaims). we are seeking a lib ra ria n to p a rtic ip a te in developm ent and im plem entation activities. r eporting to the a ssista n t h e a lth sciences l ib rarian for access and technical services, th is section h ead ad m in isters th e operation of all hsl technical services, including acquisitions, serials control, cataloging, binding an d m a te ria ls processing, co n trib u tin g to design and construction of new d atab ases for iaims project. the in cu m b en t is responsible for in itiatin g , directing, an d coordinating a wide range of activities, including: workflow evaluation an d change to optimize c u rre n t an d fu tu re autom ation; coordination of activities w ith o th er hsl sections, w ith th e central lib rary ’s technical services u n its, an d w ith outside netw orks; supervision of 13 fte staff, including two o th er lib rarian s. p a rtic ip a te s in p lan n in g th e u niversity l ib rary ’s com puter system an d in 480 / c &rl news overall hsl planning and administration. all technical services functions are automated. in addition to an accredited mls, requirem ents are: minimum of three years of relevant experience in a large academic library or equivalent; strong interpersonal and communication skills; sound grasp of automation and of technical services principles and techniques and standards; planning and organization skills; dem onstrated ability to coordinate workflow and to train and manage staff: experience with networks, autom ated bibliographic data systems and online operations. salary ranges are currently: librarian ii: $30,500-$41,175; librarian iii: $33,500-$48,575, excellent benefits include assistance with university housing and tuition exemption for self and family. sënd resume, listing three references, to: kathleen wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 b utler library, c olum bia u n iversity, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. aoplications will be accepted until the position is filled. applications received by august 31,1988, will receive priority. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, records maintenance. university of georgia libraries, (salary minimum: $19,500.) recent graduates may have the opportunity to participate in an intensive professional development program. duties: the records m aintenance section of the cataloging d epartm ent is comprised of the head and eight full time support staff. the head supervises staff in two units (database m aintenance and marking/marvel entry) who are responsible for performing pre-cataloging name authority work for the acquired cataloging section; coordinating name authority work by other staff both in the d epartm ent and in other areas of the libraries; updating cataloging information in marvel (the libraries’ in-house integrated system); preparing oclc cards for filing and/or distribution; coordinating filing in the libraries’ central card catalogs; building oclc data files and m aintaining the quality of data in the l ibraries’ catalogs; cataloging reading for pleasure books and university of georgia theses and dissertations; preparing newly acquired m aterials for shelving; making corrections to previously cataloged m aterials, etc. the head of the records maintenance section serves as a resource person in the areas of marking, authority control, and card catalog and online database m aintenance both within the d epartm ent and in other areas of the libraries and reports directly to the head of the cataloging d epartm ent. the cataloging d epartm ent has 13 professional and 24 support staff positions and catalogs over 50,000 books, serials, and nonbook items yearly. some evening and/or weekend work may be required. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited library school; minimum one year technical services experience, preferably with cataloging or database m anagem ent and in a large academic or research library; knowledge of aacr, aacr2, library of congress classification and subject headings, and authority control principles; fam iliarity w ith oclc cataloging and the marc format; ability to work with broad range of languages; effective w ritten and oral communication skills; ability to establish and m aintain effective working relationships; supervisory experience preferred; knowledge of autom ated systems (in addition to oclc) applicable to technical services desired; strong in terest in academic librarianship desired. application procedure: send letter of application by august 26,1988, including resum e and names of three references to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, u n iv ersity o f g eorgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. head, sciences and technology department. tenure-track, 12-month faculty appointment. reporting to a ssistant director for public services, is responsible for organization, supervision, evaluation and training of departm ent personnel; planning/ coordinating ongoing activities and new initiatives; m anaging departm ent budget. the d epartm ent is responsible for july/august 1988 / 481 providing lib rary services for the following major subject areas: a griculture and forestry, engineering, physical sciences, and biomedical sciences. services include reference assistance; staffing the science reference desk; instruction; access to inform ation in electronic form at (including database searching); collection development; and supervision and m aintenance of three branch libraries. also serves as subject area librarian for one or more subject areas. ala-accredited mls degree. three to five years professional experience, including supervision. subject knowledge in an area served by departm ent. experience related to responsibilities of reference, collection development, instruction and search in g -an d an aw areness of the application of autom ation to these services. d em onstrated interpersonal and leadership skills. salary com m ensurate w ith experience and qualifications; m inim um $30,000. send le tte r of application, resume, evidence of ala-accredited mls degree and nam es, addresses and telephone num bers of three references to: r uth ludwig, c olorado s ta te u n iv e r sity libraries, 106 morgan library, f ort collins, co 80523, by j u ly 29,1988. head, technical services. l ibrarian ii or iii for b aker library, h arv ard b usiness school. the person selected for th is position will report to the associate l ibrarian for a dm inistration and will m anage all aspects of technical services including acquisitions, cataloging (some original cataloging), serials and binding; coordinate collection development and m anagem ent; provide assistance in planning and im plem enting autom ation; hire, train, supervise an d evaluate technical service staff of 1 or 2 professionals and 10 support staff; prepare and monitor departm ent budget; develop and review policy statem en ts and plan other activities related to technical services. r equirem ents: ala-accredited mls, additional advanced degree preferred w ith 5 or more years of progressive experience in an academic, special or corporate business library. strong academic background in business, economics, or social sciences preferred; dem onstrated competence in technical services; good interpersonal skills required; excellent oral and w ritten com m unication skills essential. the library has a full-time staff of over 40 ftes w ith 14 professionals, a collection of approxim ately 540,000 volumes and 6,000 active serials w ith an annual acquisition budget of $575,000. l ib rarian ii $24,560; l ib rarian iii $30,200 (minimum b u t negotiable based on qualifications and experience). send application letter and resum e w ith nam es, addresses, and telephone num bers of three current references to: em m a bradford perry, associate l ib rarian for a dm inistration, b aker library, h arvard b u sin e ss s ch o o l, boston, ma 02163. h arvard u niversity is an equal opportunity employer. history and geography bibliographer. selects m aterial to support in stru ctio n and research in history and geography. responsible for collection evaluation and acquisition fund m anagem ent and specialized bibliographic instru ctio n or other teaching. cultivates strong working relations w ith oth er d ep artm en tal selectors. qualifications: advanced degree in history required; m aster s degree from an ala-accredited school desired; ph.d desired. strong reading knowledge of a t least two m odern e uropean languages; com m itm ent to bibliographic instruction and/or research; selection responsibility for history m aterials in a research library preferred. salary: $10,500-$14,500 (for .5 fte) based on experience and qualifications. send le tte r of application and resum e, including nam es of three references, to: lance query, a ssistan t u niversity l ibrarian for p lanning and a dm inistration, n o r th w e s te r n u n iv e r sity library, evanston, il 60208. eeo/aa. library director. the u niversity of dubuque, u niversity of dubuque theological sem inary (presbyterian) and w artburg theological sem inary (l utheran) comprise the schools of theology in dubuque and are accepting 482 / c&rl news applications for the position of director of the std-ud library. candidates should hold the mls degree from an ala-accredited institution, dem onstrated ability to manage and direct a staff, and the willingness to serve faculty and students. a background in theology or experience in a theological library is desirable b u t not required. salary and ran k are negotiable; range $25,000 $30,000. inquiries should be sent to: ralph f. smith, w artburg t h eo lo g ica l sem inary, 333 w artburg place, dubuque, ia 52001. multicultural services librarian. u niversity of california, s anta cruz. assistant/associate librarian. reports to head, reference. responsible for providing leadership in library services for the active and growing campus m ulticultural community. provides general social sciences/humanities reference service (12-15 hours/week on the reference desk, online searching, library instruction). may be responsible for collection development in m ulticultural studies or other subject areas. qualifications: mls or equivalent; dem onstrated ability to communicate with, establish ties with, and develop an intensive outreach program to the campus m ulticultural community; broad in terest in the social sciences/humanities and in working with students/faculty; ability to work a t the reference desk, provide library instruction, perform online searches. appointment range: $25,380-$32-472. position available septem ber 1, 1988. final filing date: ju ly 31, 1988. send narrative statem ent of qualifications, resume, nam es of three references to: k atherine beiers, u niversity library, u n iv ersity o f c alifornia, s an ta cruz, ca 95064. ucsc is an eeo, aa, irca employer. rare books cataloger for theology, scripture commentary, etc. two year position, possibly third. responsible for original cataloging, authority files, reader supervision. required: mls from accredited program, aacr2, marc tagging, latin. preferred: background in theology or classics, oclc, 1-2 years experience, second language (italian or french). salary: $25,000 with benefits. resume with 3 references by september 15, 1988, to: ellen gaffney, director, s a in t j o se p h sem inary, dunwoodie, yonkers, ny 10704. rare book cataloger. responsible for original and derived rlin cataloging of pre-1860 americana. occasional reference duties. reports to chief rare book cataloger. requirements: mls, preferably w ith training in rlin cataloging, descriptive bibliography, and rare book librarianship. the position is grant-funded through 1989 and is expected to continue pending further funding. s tarting date: september 1,1988. salary: $18,500 minimum; good benefits. apply to: jam es green, library c om pany o f p h ila d elp h ia , 1314 locust street, philadelphia, pa 19107. aa/eoe. reference librarian. the meriam library of california state university, chico, is seeking an innovative librarian to perform a full range of reference and information duties. an individual is sought who can dem onstrate effectiveness and commitment to public service and can dem onstrate experience and background in the current information technologies in use in academic libraries today. these include online public catalog, cd-rom, microcomputer based programs and processes, or telecommunications. assignments in specialized reference service and collection development will be made in subject areas according to library needs and the successful candidate’s experience and education. required are excellent oral and w ritten communication skills, the ability to work effectively and cooperatively with the academic community, and an ala/mls. desirable qualifications include the ability to plan and organize projects systematically and to follow through from im plem entation to completion and potential for continuing professional growth. candidates with proven effectiveness in academic library reference work and successful experience with cd-rom or other microcomputer-based systems will be given july /august 1988 / 483 preference. evening and weekend work will be required. a ppointm ent will be a t the a ssistan t to senior a ssistant l ibrarian ran k (salary range: $28,884 $43,896). this is a tenure-track position and offers excellent benefits. by septem ber 1, 1988, send le tte r of application w ith 1) a complete statem en t of qualifications; 2) resum e of education and complete relevant experience; and 3) the nam es, addresses and telephone num bers of three professional references to: w illiam a. jones, acting library director for public services, c aliforn ia s ta te u n iv e r sity , c hico, chico, ca 959290-0295. affirmative action, equal o pportunity employer. csu, chico employs only individuals lawfully authorized to work in the u nited states. reference librarian/business. (search extended). l ib rarian i or ii for b aker library, h arvard business school. provides general reference and bibliographic assistance prim arily to h arvard business school faculty, mba students, hbs alum ni and other library patrons utilizing both p rinted sources and online databases. assists in reference collection development, prepares and revises sh o rt bibliographies for publication. p articipates in short and long range p lan n in g strategy for technological changes, staffing and client services. qualifications: mls from ala-accredited school; strong academic background in business, economics or social sciences; 2 years relevant reference experience preferably in academic, special library and/or related business environm ent; fam iliarity w ith business reference sources and online searching required. excellent in terp erso n al and organizational skills essential. l ib rarian i $20,600. l ib rarian ii $24,560 (minimum b u t negotiable based on qualification and experience). send application letter and resum e w ith nam es, addresses, and telephone num bers of three current references to: em m a bradford perry, associate l ib rarian for a dm inistration, b aker library, h arvard b u sin e ss s ch o o l, boston, ma 02163. h arvard u niversity is an equal opportunity employer. science/engineering reference librarian, the milton s. eisenhow er library, johns hopkins university. science/engineering reference l ibrarian. provides reference service in the fields of science and engineering. p articip ates in the library’s bibliographic instruction program and conducts com puterized lite ra tu re searches for faculty and students. a ssists in developing the science reference collections. provides reference services in the h um anities and social sciences including some evening and weekend hours. q ualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. bachelor’s degree in a science preferred. a m inim um of one year or relevant science reference experience in an academic library including experience in online database searching in th e sciences and engineering. ability to conduct sem inars and instructional program s on the use of the library and its resources. reading knowledge of a foreign language desirable. good w ritten and verbal communication skills. salary dependent upon education and experience. m inim um $22,947. please subm it le tte r of application, resum e and th ree letters of reference from individuals fam iliar w ith your professional qualifications by ju ly 29, 1988, to: the j o h n s h op k in s u n iv e r sity , 34th and c harles streets, baltim ore, md 21218, attention: edw ard s. warfield, 146 g arland hall. aa/eoe. excellent benefits including life and h e alth insurance, and dental and tuition plans for staff member, spouse and dependent children. slavic and east europe bibliographer. this position is responsible for the development of a strong research collection of m aterials about th e soviet linion and e a st c entral europe, to m eet the inform ation needs of faculty, stu d en ts and others in the columbia community. the incum bent will coordinate collection development and will rep resen t the l ibraries a t relevant research l ibraries group meetings; act as liaison w ith faculty; and assist in the m anagem ent, preservation and evaluation of th e collection. reference 484 / c &r l news responsibilities relate primarily to the soviet union/eastern europe area and include consultations by appointment, assistance 111 the use of information sources in many formats, bibliographic instruction and class lectures, database searching and preparation of publications. requirements are: ph.d. (or equivalent) in a subject relevant to understanding of this area of the world; excellent language skills in russian and reading ability in one or more other slavic languages; intimate knowledge of the history, politics, economics and cultures of the area; significant experience in acquiring slavic research materials; excellent verbal and written communications skills; and flexibility to work effectively and creatively in a complex environment. prior successful experience as a slavic bibliographer may substitute for the ph.d. an accredited mls and additional foreign language skills are preferred. salary ranges are currently: librarian i: $25,000-$32,500; librarian ii: $27,000-$36,450; librarian iii: $30,000-$43,500. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. send resume, listing three references, to: kathleen wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. this position is available february 1, 1989. applications received by august 31, 1988, will receive priority consideration. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. technology branch librarian. assistant/associate professor position, tenure-track, to begin october 1, 1988. responsible for 3 branch libraries (engineering/math, physics, and chemistry) totalling approximately 83,000 volumes and 1,000 periodical titles. allocate resources and establish branch plans and programs. provide online database searching, bibliographic instruction, and in-depth reference services. maintain close liaison with academic departments in relevant areas. ala-accredited mls and academic degree in physical sciences desirable, master’s preferred, or demonstrated equivalent in experience. supervisory and administrative competence required. experience with microcomputers, automation, and online searching highly desirable. salary range $24,000-$33,000; faculty rank dependent on experience/qualifications. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 references by august 1, 1988, to: diane r. tebbetts, associate university librarian, dimond library, u niversity of new hampshire, durham, nh 03824; (603) 862-1540. non-citizens must include current visa status. unh is an aa/eeo employer. two positions. 1) senior reference librarian. provides reference service to museum staff, school faculty and students, institute members and visiting curators. manages circulation and ill operation including supervision of 5 fte. qualifications: ala-mls, art history or related humanities degree, successful reference experience including work with online databases. available 9/1/88 or as arranged, salary from $21,640 based on qualifications and experience. 2) serials librarian. unit head responsible for acquisitions, cataloging, public service for collection of 1500 current titles, supervises 2.5 fte, provides scheduled general reference service to library clientele. qualifications: ala-mls, experience in a university or museum art library, foreign languages, demonstrated knowledge of art history, cataloging experience. available 7/1/88 or as arranged, salary from $24,010 as above. applications, with names of three references, to: j .p . brown, director, ryerson & burnham libraries, art institute of chicago, chicago, il 60603. l ibrary s ta tistics of c olleges and u n iv ersities, 1985: n ation al sum m aries, state sum m aries, in stitu tio n a l tables. statistics on 3,000 academic libraries surveyed by the center for educational statistics. contains data on collections, operating ex­ penditures, staff, and institutional indices of library operating expenditures, books and bound serials and fte library staff. $30.00pb; acrl member $24.00 240p. 0-8389-7147-4 1987 acrl u n iversity library s ta tistics 1985-86 and 1986 “100 l ibraries” s ta tistica l survey. data and rankings of 149 univer­ sity, college, community and junior college libraries on collections, expenditures, personnel, and interlibrary loans. $30.00pb; acrl member $24.00 110p. 0-8389-7144-x 1987 q uantitative c riteria for a cadem ic r esearch l ibraries, by kendon l. stubbs. d ata from 3,000 academic libraries answers the question, “what is an academic research library?” in tables arranged by state, each institution is ranked by a component score. $19.00pb; acrl member $15.00 135p. 0-8389-6788-4 1 984 a ssociation o f college and r esearch l ibraries a division of the american library association c/o ala publishing services, order department 50 east huron street • chicago, illinois 60611-2795 structure bookmarks 460 / c&rl news deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). if the second falls on a weekend, the deadline is the following mon­day. late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis af­ter the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.00 per line for acrl members, $6.25 for others. late job notices are $12.00 per line for members, $14.00 for cations; experience or interest in automated library procedures, computer experience or education, and technological literacy. data­base searching experience helpful. some supervision experience needed. ability to formulate, administer, and implement user educa­tion and public relations programs utilizing various media. experi­ence in bibliographic instruction. responsibilities; shares in man­agement and operational responsibilities. participates in planning and implementation of new services, procedures, a july /august 1988 / 461 plete cover letter, resume and names and addresses of three profes­sional references to: irene yeh, assistant library personnel officer, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305-6004. applica­tions received by 9/1/88 will be assured consideration. please cite #324-crl on all correspondence. eoe/aa.automation librarian, university libraries, boston college. under the general direction of the assistant university librarian for automation and technical services and in conjunction with the li­brary sys services. supports the library systems manager as needed in the smooth operation of the library’s automated systems. position as­sumes involvement in boston library consortium cooperative pro­grams as well as professional activity on a regional and national level. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; at least three years of pro­fessional experience in a university library, preferably in positions in­volving library automation; demonstrated planning and teaching abilities; clear writing skills; some microcomp director of elmer e. rasmuson libraryuniversity of alaska fairbanksnominations and applications are requested for the position of director of elmer e. rasmuson library at the university of alaska fairbanks. the elmer e. rasmuson library is housed in a modern six-level com­plex which contains over 1,025,000 bibliographic items in a variety of print and multi-media forms, with an annual budget of $4,317,000. it provides academic, research and classroom support services, including instructional media productio 462 / c&rl news director, university librariesnominations and applications are invited for the position of director of university libraries for the university at albany, state university of new york, one of four university centers within the state-wide suny system. the university seeks an experienced director who will function as an officer of the university, working with the deans and policymaking councils to articulate plans to provide superior research libraries. the successful applicant will be an active scholar and pr july /august 1988 / 463 installing the notis system for operation in the fall of 1989. benefits for boston college librarians include one month’s vacation, tuition remission and a wide range of insurance programs. to apply, send resume and names of three references to: richard jefferson. em­ployment manager, department of human resources, boston col­lege, chestnut hill, ma 02167. applications received by july 15, 1988, will receive priority consideration. an equal opportunity, af­firmative action employer.catalog librarian-assista and management of the research and reference center in the pro­vision of quality interlibrary loan, photoduplication, and reference services to the residents of illinois. prepares budget requests, main­tains required statistics, supervises and motivates staff to a high level of productivity, presents written and oral reports and participates in training of university and network staff. maintains working relation­ships with other units of the library to expedite the provision of mate­rials and services to us 464 / c&rl news curator, slavic and east european collection, yale university library. minimum rank: librarian iii. plans and con­ducts the effective development of yale library’s slavic and east eu­ropean collection. provides reference service. selects material in slavic languages. supervises staff in acquisition and precataloging. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school and/or advanced degree in slavic studies. fluency in russian and reading/writing ability in at least one other slavic language, prefera nity colleges, is seeking a highly qualified energetic administrator for this position. the college is housed in a new and attractive $66 mil­lion campus. dean reports directly to the vice president for aca­demic affairs. this is a 12-month position with excellent fringe bene­fits and competitive salary. appointment is available september 1st or sooner. the dean is responsible for the administration of the col­lege library, instructional development, the library technology cur­riculum and media services. qu assistant director information, research, and collection managementsan francisco state universitysan francisco state university is a multicultural, multiethnic, coeducational, urban university of more than 1,600 faculty and 26,000 students, engaged in over 100 baccalaureate and 83 master’s degree pro­grams.responsibilities: a dynamic leader and academic manager is sought to head new library division of information, research, and collection management. ald/irc will be responsible for identifying academic and july /august 1988 / 465 accredited school enrolls approximately 200 partand full-time stu­dents. it offers a graduate program which includes a master’s de­gree and a post-master’s certificate as well as joint degrees in law, musicology, history, english, biology, and greek and latin. the pro­gram has strengths in the following areas: academic research librari­anship, law librarianship, medical librarianship, information technol­ogy, management of information systems, and archival management. candidates should demonstrate scholar director of audiovisual services (reopened) dynamic, energetic people person wanted to revitalize media services and in­tegrate them into the curriculum; work with faculty to utilize media in the classroom, assist in the development of instructional aids; admin­ister audiovisual department in library; supervise two full time staff; 30 student workers. resources include av software production lab, audio booth, film and print darkrooms, closed circuit tv, 25 station microcomputer lab, two av theaters, 16 av c assistant university librarian automation & technical servicesmiami universityas a member of library management working directly with the dean and university librarian, the assis­tant university librarian for automation will provide leadership for the formulation and implementation of an evolving program of technical support and automation to meet the curricular and research needs of the users of the miami university libraries. the incumbent will have responsibility for the cataloging and acqui­sitions depa 466 / c&rl news for planning and evaluating day-to-day cataloging activities of faculty and support staff in the creation of bibliographic and item data for the libraries’ union public access catalog; for planning, maintaining, and making weekly updates to the database; and for assisting in planning and implementing procedures for phasing out the card cat­alog. the iup libraries are installing an online union catalog de­signed by carlyle systems, inc. salary range for this management classification begins at $23,694; howev opportunity employer. minorities and women are encouraged to ap­ply.education reference librarian, librarian i. dynamic, ur ban academic library seeks creative, energetic, flexible individual with strong commitment to public services. reports to the assistant director for public services for general reference services,. computer-based literature searching, and library instruction with em­phasis on the promotion of computerized resources. manages in­structional materials center in education school and superv july/august 1988 / 467 the california institute of technology library contains approximately 470,000 volumes, has extensive microfilm and technical report collections, and subscribes to 6,600 serials. it serves about 800 teaching and research faculty, 820 under­graduates, and 1,000 graduate students. the library staff consists of 17 librarians and 38 support staff. the library is currently implementing an integrated online system. currently the library seeks the following professionals:catalog and database maintenance librarianth 468 / c&rl news velopment for collection development and faculty liaison responsibil­ities with education school and psychology department. library au­tomation includes wide pc access, wln-based online catalog/circulation (lumin) linking four university of missouri cam­puses, oclc cataloging/ill/reference, innovacq acquisitions. opportunity to gain management and public relations experience, working with solid management team of librarians. minimum require­ments: ala-accredited mls; strong oral/written communication skills head, cataloging department. associate librarian rank: $33,000-$36,000. calendar year appointment. position now open. excellent benefits. required: accredited mls, 5-7 years relevant experience; demonstrated leadership, management, and oral/writ­ten communications skills. demonstrated experience with aacr2, lc classification/lcsh, and oclc. must be able to do original cata­loging of all formats. supervises 3 professionals, 5 support staff. pre­ferred: public service experience; experience with integrated li july /august 1988 / 469 and services 250,000 circulation transactions annually. the access services unit consists of 10 fte staff and approximately 40-45 stu­dent assistants. an online circulation system is anticipated to be op­erational fall, 1989. this is a 12-month academic/professional posi­tion with probationary appointment at assistant librarian rank with a minimum salary of $25,000. application deadline is september 16, 1988, with an anticipated january 1,1989, starting date. submit let­ter of application, resume, and names sion, online catalog systems (preferably notis) highly desirable. must be able to meet the responsibilities of a tenure track appoint­ment. salary $20,000/12 months. tiaa/cref; liberal benefits. send letter of application, resume and names and addresses of 3 refer­ences to: frances livingston, chair, search and screen committee, box 88-2, c/o personnel office, indiana university southeast, 4201 grant line road, new albany, in 47150. applications re­ceived by july 20, 1988, will receive first consideration. three positionscase western reserve universityhead of bibliographic services department. manages the activities of the bibliographic ser­vices department, which include the cataloging and physical processing of all newly-acquired materials (monographs and serials), the coordination of all retrospective conversion activities and the maintenance of the online and manual catalogs; coordinates cataloging activities of departments which do not report di­rectly to the technical services division. staff consists o 470 / c&rl news head, serials department, university of cincinnati. re­sponsible for the management of the centralized serials acquisitions and serials cataloging services for the university libraries. receives general direction from the associate university librarian for access services. supervises a staff of 2 librarians and 9.5 fte support staff. university libraries consists of a main library and eleven college and departmental libraries. the collection includes 1,250,000 volumes, 14,000 subscriptions and 1,625,000 mic ries; reference and loan service, library instruction, collection devel­opment and special projects identified for the unit by the head media center librarian. applicants must possess an ala-accredited mas­ter’s degree, have demonstrated supervisory skills, and have knowl­edge of non-print materials and services. ability to communicate ef­fectively to individuals and groups is essential. knowledge of library automation is desired. minimum salary is $21,500; higher salary ne­gotiable depending on qualificati three reference positionsarizona state universityarizona state university, home of the new phoenix cardinals, is pleased to offer three outstanding career opportunities. in addition to 284 days of unmitigated sunshine, the salary for each position begins at $19,500 and is negotiable, dependent on education and experience.the successful candidates for all three positions will participate in four broad areas of responsibility: refer­ence service, collection development, faculty liaison and specialized public july/august 1988 / 471 servation activities for all collections. required: ala-accredited mls. highly desirable: life sciences degree. preference given tö candidates who also have experience in a health or science library, in collection development or acquisitions, or in a science field. dem­onstrated interest in history of medicine desirable. qualities sought include excellent interpersonal and communication skills, interest in professional involvement, and a commitment to serving the informa­tion needs of health professionals. two positions reopenedat the new york institute of technologythe new york institute of technology’s old westbury campus is situated on 600 acres of wooded es­tates and is within easy access of manhattan. a new fully automated library building is planned for comple­tion in the academic year 1989-90. the current campus library, part of a four-branch library system, con­tains 81,000 volumes and 1,000 journal titles.branch/reference librarian. to manage collections and public services and serve as reference lib 472 / c&rl news please send resume and salary requirement to: elliot wasserman, yeshiva university, personnel department, 2495 amsterdam av­enue, new york, ny 10033. eoe.reference/circulation librarian. search reopened ala-accredited mls degree required. supervisory ability and com­munication skills necessary. interest in computerized systems de­sired. duties include direct reference, bibliographic instruction, ref­erence collection development, circulation supervision, circulation policy decisions, work with automated cir log and is moving toward end-user online searching. beside refer­ence duties, responsibilities include collection development in humanities fields and supervision of slide collection, liaison with ap­propriate teaching departments, and participation in college govern­ance. stimulating professional environment; faculty status. require­ments: master’s degree from accredited library school. preference to candidates with additional master’s degree in relevant field and/or academic library experience. salary com july/august 1988 / 473 portunity, affirmative action, title ix employer. applications from women and minorities welcomed.reference librarian. indiana university southeast, new al­bany (louisville, kentucky, metropolitan area), one of 8 campuses in indiana university system. under supervision of head of readers services, reference librarian provides reference and bibliographic instruction services; supervises interlibrary loan; coordinates online searching. ala/mls required. also required: knowledge of online searching, oclc, exce dards; experience with an online catalog; reading knowledge of ro­mance languages, german and/or russian; familiarity with dewey decimal classification; familiarity with ansi/niso serial holdings standards and with usnp newspaper cataloging standards; strong communication and interpersonal skills; good planning and organi­zational skills. responsibilities: responsible for original and copy cataloging of serials in all formats; coordinates the operations of the serials cataloging unit; trains and supervises 474 / c&rl news late job listingsarchivist. the hoover institution at stanford university, a specialized library and archival repository and research center on 20th century social, economic, and political change, announces an opening for the position of archivist. responsible for the administration of the hoover institution archives and its archival programs, including acquisitions, arrangement and description of materials, reference and access, public programs and publications, security and preservation. qualifications in july /august 1988 / 475 development. the public services division consists of 4 departments with 15 professionals and 22 support staff with responsibilities for reference, circulation, government documents, library instruction, interlibrary loan, database searching, end-user support, periodicals information, library publications and audiovisual services. the university library system serves 16,000 students and 1,400 faculty. the libraries will add the millionth volume in 1989 and have a materials budget of $2 million. the librarie 476 / c&rl news to: mary b. an sari, head of administrative services, university of nevadareno library, reno, nv 89557-0044. closing date september 15,1988, or until position is filled. aa/eoe. unr employs only individuals lawfully authorized to work in the united states.business/general reference librarian with a collection management assignment. senior assistant librarian. tenure-track position. $33,192-$43,896 for 12 months; 10-month option available with proportionate salary reduction. required: ala-accredited mls de july/august 1988 / 477 formats; reading knowledge of one or more foreign languages; experience with integrated online systems highly desirable. salary from $22,000. boston college offers its 14,000 students and almost 700 faculty the advantages of a strong liberal arts institution with outstanding graduate and professional programs. the new o’neill library provides an attractive and intensely used environment for study and teaching. among other technologies, the library uses the geac, oclc and faxon sc-io systems, and is currentl 478 / c&rl news (clsi’s alpha development site for the cl cat online catalog, cd-roms, facsimili, etc.), the meriam library offers a high quality and diversified program of library services to an on-campus and regional user community of faculty, students, and staff. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accredited library school; significant administrative (at least 5 years) and public services experience in a large academic library; evidence of effective and innovative accomplishments; experience with personnel and fiscal ma july /august 1988 / 479 publications; and an additional advanced degree in an academic discipline. appointment will be made at either the assistant or associate librarian rank. minimum salary will be $27,000. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references, to: barbara doyle, personnel officer, university of minnesota-twin cities, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. applications must be postmarked no later than august 19, 1988. please cite job listing ul175 on applicati 480 / c&rl news overall hsl planning and administration. all technical services functions are automated. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: minimum of three years of relevant experience in a large academic library or equivalent; strong interpersonal and communication skills; sound grasp of automation and of technical services principles and techniques and standards; planning and organization skills; demonstrated ability to coordinate workflow and to train and manage staff: experience with networks, automat july/august 1988 / 481 providing library services for the following major subject areas: agriculture and forestry, engineering, physical sciences, and biomedical sciences. services include reference assistance; staffing the science reference desk; instruction; access to information in electronic format (including database searching); collection development; and supervision and maintenance of three branch libraries. also serves as subject area librarian for one or more subject areas. ala-accredited mls degree. three to five years 482 / c&rl news applications for the position of director of the std-ud library. candidates should hold the mls degree from an ala-accredited institution, demonstrated ability to manage and direct a staff, and the willingness to serve faculty and students. a background in theology or experience in a theological library is desirable but not required. salary and rank are negotiable; range $25,000$30,000. inquiries should be sent to: ralph f. smith, wartburg theological seminary, 333 wartburg place, dubuque, ia 52001.multic july /august 1988 / 483 preference. evening and weekend work will be required. appointment will be at the assistant to senior assistant librarian rank (salary range: $28,884$43,896). this is a tenure-track position and offers excellent benefits. by september 1, 1988, send letter of application with 1) a complete statement of qualifications; 2) resume of education and complete relevant experience; and 3) the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three professional references to: william a. jones, acting library director for p 484 / c&rl news responsibilities relate primarily to the soviet union/eastern europe area and include consultations by appointment, assistance 111 the use of information sources in many formats, bibliographic instruction and class lectures, database searching and preparation of publications. requirements are: ph.d. (or equivalent) in a subject relevant to understanding of this area of the world; excellent language skills in russian and reading ability in one or more other slavic languages; intimate knowledge of the history library statistics of colleges and universities, 1985: national summaries, state summaries, institutional tables.statistics on 3,000 academic libraries surveyed by the center for educational statistics. contains data on collections, operating ex­penditures, staff, and institutional indices of library operating expenditures, books and bound serials and fte library staff. $30.00pb; acrl member $24.00 240p. 0-8389-7147-4 1987acrl university library statistics 1985-86 and 1986 “100 libraries” statistical survey acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries july/a ugust 1989 / 611 m eetings w ill inclu d e officia l representatives o f the italian, spanish, and d o m in ica n r epu b lic governm ents w h o have been intim ately involved w ith preparations fo r the q uincentenary. the special pier 66 room rate f o r the con feren ce w ill be $75 per room per night and the registration fee is $190 w h ich includes continental break­ fasts, lunch, recep tion and b an qu et, and all sup­ plem entary m aterial. c on ta ct: phileas society, 2400 e. las olas b lv d ., f ort l auderdale, f l 33301; (305) 524-3511. the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.25 per line for acrl members, $6.60 for others. late job notices are $12.60 per line for members, $14.70 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late jo b notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all jo b announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $15 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep't, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. materials wanted space problems? we will buy your surplus serials, technical, scien­ tific and historic materials. send list for best offer to: colfax books, p.o. box 380542, denver, co 80238. positions open acquisitions and collection development librar­ ian at steenbock library, university of wisconsin, madison. steendecember 5 8 — r esource m anagem ent: t h e o ffic e o f m a n ­ agem ent services is offerin g a three and a half d ay p rogram in scottsdale, a rizon a, aim ed at help ing lib ra ry m anagers m ake sound resource decisions. participants explore the actual and p o ­ tential roles o f financial m anagem ent systems in im p r o v in g org a n iza tion a l p e rfo rm a n ce . fee: $450. c on tact: see listing fo r o cto b e r 3 -6 . ■ ■ bock serves 33 academic departments, 11 research centers in the college of agriculture and life sciences, the school of family re­ sources and consumer sciences, and the school of veterinary med­ icine. the library is the federal depository for usda and other se­ le c te d d o c u m e n ts . r e s p o n s ib ilitie s : c o o rd in a te c o lle c tio n development activities for the library's monographs, serials and doc­ uments; negotiate resource sharing activities with other campus li­ braries, including federal depository library selection activities; se­ lect for the government documents collection; monitor, evaluate, and produce reports on the expenditures of the acquisitions budget; contribute to reference and library instruction with emphasis on infor­ mation service to government documents. position reports to direc­ tor of steenbock library. requires mls from an ala-accredited school; minimum of three years of professional experience in aca­ demic, research, or large public library; experience in collection de­ velopment and management including knowledge of government documents. demonstrated ability in budget management; strong oral, written, and interpersonal communication skills; ability to work closely with library staff, other campus librarians, and faculty are highly desirable. selection of either academ ic librarian or senior li­ brarian title to be based on successful candidate's credentials. ex­ cellent benefits; salary minimum for academ ic librarian: $26,606; senior librarian: $30,529. send letter of application, resume, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: lois komai, steenbock library, 550 babcock drive, university of w isconsin-madison, madison, wl 53706. application deadline: august 31, 1989. an eeo/aa employer. a ssistant acq uisitio ns librarian. under the direction of the head of acquisitions and collection development: supervises the processing of orders and receipts for all library materials formats utilizing notis and oclc. coordinates the maintenance of records utilized in the acquisitions process. supervises the following collec­ tion maintenance activities: binding, gifts and exchange, and re­ placements. participates in collection development activities. super­ vises acquisitions department in the absence of the head. teaches in the library science curriculum. qualifications: required: ala accredited mls. preferred: second master's degree. experience with automated systems, acquisitions and/or serials, including biblio­ graphic skills. knowledge of various material formats and the pub­ lishing trade. salary and rank: $17,500 minimum for nine months, negotiable depending on qualifications. additional eight week sum­ mer school contract normally available. faculty appointment at the rank of assistant professor in a tenure-track position. comprehen­ sive insurance including health, dental, and life; state retirement; tui­ tion benefits. smsu is the second largest public university in mis­ souri with over 17,000 students and the smsu libraries contain over one and one half million items. apply to: send a letter of application and resume, including the names of three references (with address and telephone number) to: lynn cline, head, acquisitions and col­ lection development, duane g. meyer library, 901 s. national, box 175, s o uthw est m issouri s tate u niversity, springfield, mo 65804-0095. closing date: applications received by july 17, 1989, will receive first consideration. southwest missouri state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. associate law librarian, for a dynamic state law library and maine state legislature's research center. responsibilities are equally divided among cataloging, serials management, and refer­ ence duty. seeking a candidate with experience, enthusiasm, and energy to join an interactive team of librarians (15 fte) who share technical and public service responsibilities. mls degree required. current online cataloging experience required; automated systems/ serials experience necessary; reference or legal research experi­ 612 / c irr l news ence preferred. salary starts at $29,578; excellent benefits. send re­ sume and 3 references to: lynn e. randall, state law librarian, state law and legislative reference library, state house sta­ tion #43, augusta, me 04333. ©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©ee© director alexander library the st ru ate u t nive g rsity o e f ne r w jer s sey rutgers university libraries invite applications and nominations for the position of director, alex­ ander library and its branches. the archibald stevens alexander library is the main humanities and social sciences research library. located on the college avenue campus in new brunswick, it is the largest of the 18 libraries in the rutgers’ system and supports the graduate school of education, social work, communication, information and li­ brary studies, and the graduate school of arts and sciences. the library also services undergradu­ ates in new brunswick. i he branch libraries in­ clude the art, music, and east asian libraries, the center for urban policy research library, and the institute for management and labor relations li­ brary. the humanities and social science research libraries collections number over one million vol­ umes; there are 70 librarians and support staff. the director is responsible for the leadership and man­ agement of the humanities and social science li­ braries, including planning and administration of li­ brary programs. the director will act as liaison to faculty and students, coordinate humanities and so­ cial science research libraries’ activities with sys­ temwide programs and represent the humanities and social science libraries and library system as a whole qualifications: mls from an accredited library program (advanced humanities or social science degree preferred). academic/research library ex­ perience with minimum five years administrative ex­ perience. should be eligible for tenured librarian status salary: negotiable, dependent upon experience and qualifications; minimum $50,000. please send nominations and applications no later than august 1, 1989 to: sandra troy (app 153) library personnel officer rutgers university libraries 169 college avenue new brunswick, nj 08903 eo/aa employer ©©©e©©e©©©e©©©©©©©e©e©eee©©e© associate librarian. the pfau library is seeking a librarian to serve as head of reference. responsible for general reference ser­ vices, bibliographic instruction, computerized information service (online searching and cd-rom), selection and management of the reference collection. ala accredited degree and minimum five years in academic library reference work required; second master’s degreein business or science preferred; experience in bibliographic instruction and database searching required. files must be com ­ pleted no later than september 1, 1989; beginning date preferred is november 1, 1989. current salary range is $39,960-$55,548 with an increase anticipated 6-1-89. moving expenses may be provided. submit a letter of application no later than august 1,1989 to: coordi­ nator, library recruiting committee, pfau library, california state u n iversity, san b ernardino, 5500 university parkway, san b ernardino, ca 92407-2347. c alifo rnia state university, san bernardino is an equal opportunity, affirmative action, section 504, title ix employer. catalog librarian, stanford university libraries. the stan­ ford university libraries is seeking a cataloger for a fixed term posi­ tion (18 months with possibility of extension) to provide original cata­ loging to judaica titles from the library of professor salo wittemeyer baron. responsibilities include original cataloging of judaica in the monograph and serial format, including antiquarian titles; with a strong emphasis on titles in hebrew, but including titles in yiddish and other european languages. requirements: mls or equivalent; strong knowledge of hebrew; ability to do detailed work accurately and to maintain a high level of productivity; flexibility and ability to work cooperatively with others. qualifications: reading knowledge of yiddish and at least one other european language; cataloging ex­ perience using aacr2, bdrb, lc rule interpretations, lc romaniza tion of hebrew and yiddish. assistant/associate librarian with initial salary range of $ 2 7 ,0 0 0 -$ 41 ,400 depending upon qualifications and experience. send letter of application, statement of qualifica­ tions, resume, and names and addresses of three references by au­ gust 31, 1989 to: irene yeh, acting librarian personnel officer, stanford u niversity libraries, stanford, ca 94305-6004. cite #907-crl on all correspondence. eoe/aae. full vacancy listing available upon request. catalog librarian. the university of arizona library is seek­ ing a librarian to be responsible for the original cataloging of mono­ graphs in english, french, german, and italian literatures and lan­ guages. the classics, linguistics, religion, and philosophy are also included in the assignment. additional responsibilities include active participation in departmental planning, m em bership on library and university committees, and may include reference and collection de­ velopment work. requirements include: an ala-accredited mls de­ gree; knowledge of or experience with aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, and oclc or a similar utility. applicants with previous cata­ loging experience and with bibliographic knowledge of european languages will be preferred. preference will be given to women and minorities. the salary will be based upon qualifications and experi­ ence; the beginning professional salary is $20,000. librarians at the university of arizona have academic professional status, are eligible for continuing status, are voting members of the faculty and may take up to 24 days professional leave per year. they have 12-month ap­ pointments with 22 days of vacation, 12 days of sick leave, and 10 holidays annually. a standard package of fringe benefits is available. applications must be received by august 15,1989. send letter of ap­ plication, resume, and the names of three references to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. the university of arizona is an equal employment oppor­ tunity employer with an affirmative action plan. non-citizens must in­ clude current visa status. computer reference services librarian under the general direction of the associate university librarian for public ser­ vices, the computer reference services (crs) librarian is responsi­ ble for coordinating the planning and implementation of computer reference services, both library-wide and at the departmental levels. the crs librarian serves as chair of the computer reference ser­ vices advisory committee, works closely with the library instruction librarian and systems librarian, acts in a liaison capacity with cam­ pus users groups, serves as software specialist, provides instruc­ tional and in-service educational activities, and coordinates policy development. in addition, must be able to provide general reference service and participate in scholarly activities. the university library is engaged in intensive efforts to more effectively reach its multi­ cultural and multi-ethnic community. minimum qualifications: posjuly /august 1989 / 613 0 associate director for public services massachusetts institute of technology this position includes primary responsibility for directing the public services activities of the mit libraries including administration of divisional and branch libraries, information services, literature searching, and services to outside users. along with the director of libraries and three other associate directors (adminis­ tration, collection management and technical services, and systems and planning) the incumbent will participate fully in the overall administration of the library system, including long-range planning, program development and evaluation, budget formulation, and the establishment of system-wide policies. the associate director for public services has oversight of five major subject libraries—architecture and planning, engineering, humanities, science, and social sciences and management—and their branch libraries. the heads of these libraries report to the associate director as does the head of the computerized literature search service. total public services staff include 45 professionals, 66 support staff, and 19 fte student assistants. among the major new initiatives in which the associate director will play a primary role are an assisted self-study of information services; expanded use of cd-rom and other technologies in reference and infor­ mation services; extension of services through the campus network; and strengthening links with and ser­ vices to faculty, students, and research staff. mit has implemented an online information system consisting of an online public access catalogue, cir­ culation, marc records management system, and electronic mail, using a geac computer. a major retro­ spective conversion project will commence shortly. further automation efforts will focus on authority con­ trol, acquisitions, and serials. the libraries’ collections total over 2 million printed volumes, over 1.5 million microforms, and extensive collections of slides, photographs, sound recordings, printed music, maps, manuscripts, motion pictures and video recordings, and computer software. the total budget for fy 1989 is over $10.5 million; the mate­ rials budget is over $2.7 million. total staff of 275 includes 87 professionals, 151 support staff, and 37 fte student assistants. the mit libraries maintain memberships in the boston library consortium, oclc (through nelinet), and the association of research libraries. qualifications for this position include an mls from an ala-accredited library school. additional gradu­ ate work in a subject area relevant to mit’s research and teaching programs is highly desirable. very exten­ sive and increasingly responsible experience in public services in a research library is required. candi­ dates are expected to have familiarity with current issues affecting information and reference services in a university library including a thorough understanding of the applications of new and emerging technolo­ gies. candidates should have had substantial experience in the supervision and management of public services in a library whose collections include substantial holdings in engineering and science. candidates will be expected to demonstrate a command of issues facing research libraries today and in the near future, as well as highly developed interpersonal and analytical skills. equally important is the ability to work effec­ tively as a member of a senior management team in a major research library. candidates will also be ex­ pected to demonstrate a record of leadership and achievement in the library profession. salary; $52,000+ commensurate with experience and qualifications. the mit libraries offers excellent benefits, including tuition assistance, a children’s scholarship pro­ gram, and a relocation allowance. mit is a smoke-free campus. review of candidates will commence in august and continue until the position is filled. interested candi­ dates should send a resume and the names and addresses of five current, confidential references to: search committee (crl) associate director for public services the libraries, room 14s-216 massachusetts institute of technology cambridge, ma 02139 mit is an equal opportunity employer with an affirmative action plan and welcomes applications from qualified women and minority candidates. 614 / c irr l news chief bibliographer the university of alabama (s e a rc h e x te n d e d ) the university of alabama libraries invite appli­ cations for the position of chief bibliographer. this position affords the opportunity to redirect collec­ tion management policy and practice in an environ­ ment that is conducive to advantageous change. the chief bibliographer reports to the associate dean of libraries for collections and information services and is responsible for planning, imple­ menting, monitoring, coordinating, and evaluating the collection development program in ar evolving environment. reference and other librarians (22) are in the process of developing collection skills, ac­ tivities, procedures, and policies under the leader­ ship of this position. qualifications: required: mls from a program accredited by ala; relevant experi­ ence in an academic library; excellent orai and writ­ ten communications skills; an understanding of publishing, book trade, higher educalion, and budget management; knowledge of issues and trends in bibliographic control, collection assess­ ment and collection management; experience in management of approval plans; demonstrated skill in planning, organizing, and coordinating work of others, ability to work effectively and productively with faculty, students, and with library personnel at all levels; skill in developing, analyzing, and inter­ preting relevant statistical data; ability to function ef­ fectively ir a changing environment; and evidence of professional and/or schoiariy activity. preferred: additional graduate degree; working knowledge of one or more foreign languages, automated sys­ tems, particularly in acquisitions, and familiarity with the rlg conspectus. the university of alabama is a member of the association of research libraries and the center for research libraries. twelve­ month, tenure-earning position. salary and rank de­ pend on qualifications: assistant or associate pro­ fessor rank, $30,000 minimum salary, which includes an administrative stipend. send cover letter, resume, and names and ad­ dresses of three references by august 2 0 ,1 989 to: sondra tucker libraries personnel officer the university of alabama collections development search p.o. box 870266 tuscaloosa, al 35487-0266 the university of alabama is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. session of an mls from an ala-accredited library school; three years experience in online database searching; experience in coor­ dination, management, or development of computer reference ser­ vices; knowledge of the latest developments in computer reference service; three years professional reference experience, two of which must be in an academic library; strong interpersonal and communi­ cations skills; instructional and in-service training experience such as training searchers in using brs, dialog, and cd-rom; experience in the use and application of optical disk technology, e.g., cd-rom; experience working with microcomputer applications. desirable qualifications: experience integrating new technologies into the ref­ erence environment, e.g., manipulating numeric and textual data­ bases; experience teaching the use of microcomputer and attendant technology, e.g., modems, printers, uploading, downloading; expe­ rience in end-user training; experience in the maintenance and man­ agement of software materials. appointment level: tenure-track (fac­ ulty status) position at the senior assistant rank with a salary range of $31,680 to $43,896 depending upon qualifications. write for a de­ tailed vacancy announcement. application procedures: send a let­ ter (postmarked no later than august 4,1989) addressing the above qualifications, a current resume, and names and addresses of three references to: charles martell, dean & university librarian, califor­ nia state university, the library, 2000 jed smith drive, sacra­ mento, ca 95819-2695. an equal opportunity, affirmative action in­ stitution. congressional archivist. manuscripts librarian. the uni­ versity of arizona library is seeking a congressional archivist who will manage and process congressional collections, maintain con­ tact with donor offices, use computer-based systems for local and national control, supervise other processing staff, and provide refer­ ence service in the special collections reading room. the special collections department contains the arizona and southwestern col­ lections of books, photographs, manuscripts, university archives, ephemeral, and other research collections. the special collections staff is comprised of 4.0 professional librarians, 2.5 career staff, and student assistants. qualifications include demonstrated success in archival processing (required). an ala-accredited mls and/or rele­ vant master’s degree, such as history of political science (strongly preferred). preference will be given to a person with specialized training and experience in processing modern congressional collec­ tions in an academic/research library. preferential treatment will be given to women and minorities. minimum salary is $20,000; higher salary is negotiable depending upon qualifications. librarians at the university of arizona have academic professional status, are eligible for continuing status, are voting members of the faculty, and may take up to 24 days professional leave per year. they have 22 days paid vacation, 12 days sick leave, and 10 holidays. a standard pack­ age of fringe benefits is available. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: w. david laird, university librar­ ian, university of arizona library, tucson, az 85721. applications must be postmarked by september 15, 1989. the position will be available january 1,1990. the university of arizona is an equal em­ ployment opportunity employer with an affirmative action plan. non­ citizens must include current visa status. coordinator of automation. reports to the university li­ brarian. responsibilities include management of hunter library's ls2000 opac subsystem and implementation of the circulation sub­ system. other duties include staff training in computer applications, liaison with the university computer center, the western north caro­ lina library network (wncln) and responsibilities as a subject bibli­ ographer. western carolina university and two other state universi­ ties have formed wncln which shares a ls2000 opac/circulation system. terminals at wcu are connected via dedicated telephone lines to a shared minicomputer on one of the other campuses. a net­ work librarian is responsible for maintenance, tapeloading and tele­ communications of the shared facility. in addition to ls2000, hunter library is employing computers in other operations and expects to expand such applications. required: master’s degree in library sci­ ence from an ala-accredited library school, experience with opac and circulation online systems, at least two years experience in a li­ brary. candidate must demonstrate an understanding of the instruc­ tion and research needs of students and faculty, possess oral and written communication skills, and have an ability to work effectively with library faculty, staff and the university community. preferred: knowledge of microcomputer applications in libraries. position is twelve-month, tenure-track, choice of tiaa/cr ef or state retirement system. salary $25,440 with a possible increase subject to legislative action. send letter of application, resume, and names of three referuniversity of california, san diego the university library the library at the university o f california, san diego invites applications for three positions. the university library consists o f the central university library, the biomedical and medical center libraries, the undergraduate library, the science and engineering library, the scripps institution o f oceanography library, and the graduate school o f international relations and pacific studies library. collections total over 1.8 million volumes. head, public services, biomedical library. associate librarian or librarian rank. under the general direction o f the biomedical librarian, incumbent plans, develops, manages, and evaluates the b i­ omedical library’ s public services, including reference, circulation, and interlibrary loan/document delivery services. manages staff o f four librarians, six support staff, and five fte students. provides leadership for integrating advanced library technologies into public service functions. assists director in policy decisions and in developing and implementing new programs. qualifications: mls from an a l a accredited library school; minimum o f five years’ experience in a health/life sciences academic library in increasingly responsible positions; strong administrative and leadership skills, excellent communication and interpersonal skills; expertise with online searching, library instruction, and automated library systems. preferred: successful supervisory experience, collection development/management experience. send ap­ plications to mary horres, biomedical librarian, c /o the address below. public se r vice s librarian, international relations and pacific studies library. assistant or associate rank. under the general direction o f the head librarian, incumbent provides public service and functions as liaison between the ir/ps library and central library’ s technical services departments. the librarian provides general reference services, assists in library instruction programs, does computer search­ ing; in conjunction with other data service librarians collaborates in the creation o f social science databases and other access tools. supervises small serial maintenance operation. other duties as assigned. qualifi­ cations: mls from an ala-accredited library school and academic preparation in the social sciences, business, or relevant area studies. demonstrated communication skills and ability to work effectively with faculty and other researchers. highly desirable: experiencearaining in reference and searching o f data­ bases; working knowledge o f cataloging and acquisition procedures. desirable: reading knowledge o f an east asian language. social sciences librarian, central university library. assistant or associate librarian. under the general direction o f the associate university librarian-collections and the head, reference and research services, the librarian functions as the liaison between the library and the departments o f a n­ thropology, linguistics, and psychology, and other programs and departments as assigned. the librarian develops and manages collections; assists scholars in locating resources and designing effective search strategies; performs computer searches; provides user instruction, and performs general reference service. other duties as assigned. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; solid understand­ ing o f scholars' information needs and the organization and accessibility o f the literature in the areas o f re­ sponsibility; demonstrated experience and skills in collection development/management, reference and research services, online services and library instruction; excellent communication skills. knowledge o f and/or experience in the application o f electronic technology to the retrieval and management o f information is highly desirable. an advanced degree in a relevant area is highly desirable. salary range: assistant librarian: $26,136 $33,444; associate librarian: $31,944 $46,020; librarian: $42,948 59,556. appointment at the higher rank requires progressively superior experience and quali­ fications. ucsd librarians are expected to participate in libraiywide planning and to be active profession­ ally. ucsd is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. application received by september 15, 1989 are assured o f consideration. submit a letter o f application, resume and list o f references to: janet tait, library personnel o ffice, c-075-h-1, university o f california, san diego, la jolla, ca, 92093. 616 / c& rl news encesto: sharon kimble, search committee, hunter library, west­ ern carolina university, cullowhee, nc 28723. preference will be given to applications received by september 1,1989. western caro­ lina university is one of the sixteen senior institutions of the university of north carolina and an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer. the university is located between the great smoky moun­ tains and the blue ridge mountains, 55 miles west of asheville, north carolina. deputy librarian, the university of the west indies, st. augus­ tine, trinidad. applications are invited for the following vacancy in the medical sciences library: deputy librarian. with good degree in biological/biomedical sciences and professional qualifications in li brarianship/information science. familiarity with automated sys­ tems, extensive professional experience in medical sciences li­ braries. know ledge of a foreign language essential. salary: $82,536-$93,984. pension, passages, housing, travel grant. send applications with details of qualifications and experience naming three references to: the campus registrar, the university of the w est indies, st. augustine, trinidad, w.i., as soon as possible. fur­ ther details of posts sent to all applicants. director of public services. the central michigan univer­ sity libraries are seeking a director of public services who will be responsible for planning, management, and leadership of the li­ braries' public services and collection development programs. re­ sponsibility includes access services, information and research services, audiovisual and related instructional support services, and collection development activities. reports to the dean of libraries. as a member of the libraries' senior management, the director of public services will participate in the general management of the li­ braries and play a key role in planning for a proposed major library addition. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls; at least five years professional public services experience, at least three years of which are in academic libraries; significant supervisory experience; experience in collection development; demonstrated commitment to public services; demonstrated skills in planning, management, lead­ ership, oral and written communication, and interpersonal relations. desired qualifications: additional graduate degree; experience with library automation; knowledge of instructional technology and re­ lated services; evidence of commitment to library services through a record of scholarly and/or professional participation and accom­ plishment. salary commensurate with qualifications (range about $31,950 to $52,550 for 1989-90). excellent fringe benefits. central michigan university is located in mt. pleasant, a city of about 25,000 one hour north of lansing. the university offers programs through the doctoral level to a campus enrollment of 17,000 students. the libraries, with a collection of over 900,000 volumes, are implement­ ing notis and have 77 librarians and support staff. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. review of candidates' files will begin immediately. submit letter of application stating this position; resume; and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: chairperson, selection committee, central michi­ gan university, park 207, mt. pleasant, ml 48859. cmu is an affirm­ ative action and equal opportunity institution. director, teaching learning resource center. the university of southern mississippi libraries include cook memorial library, mccain library and archives, the teaching learning re­ source center, and cox library at the gulf coast branch campus. the library system is a member of solinet and utilizes the bna on­ line ordering system and faxon microlinx. the initial phases of an integrated automation system are now being installed. director of tlrc supervises all areas and staffing of the unit including audiovi­ sual equipment loans; learning lab for nonprint materials; audioac­ tive laboratory for language and speech; preview, rental, and pur­ chase of nonprint materials; graphic services; music resources center; and nursing learning center. reports to university librarhead of cataloging the university of california, berkeley the bancroft library at the university of california, berkeley, is one of the largest libraries of manuscripts, rare books, and special collections in the united states. among bancroft’s holdings are the bancroft col­ lection, the mark twain papers and project, the regional oral history office, and the university archives. bancroft's holdings include over 400,000 volumes, 54,000,000 manuscripts, 2,300,000 photographs, 67,000 microforms, and 21,000 maps. reporting to the coordinator of technical services, the head of cataloging oversees cataloging, author­ ity control policy within the bancroft library, and the development of online bibliographic control of all ban­ croft collections. other duties include interpreting campus and berkeley library policy to bancroft staff, and performing original cataloging in an area of subject expertise. qualifications: mls degree from an accredited library school or equivalent; strong experience in catalog­ ing management, preferably with both book and non-book materials using various marc formats; demon­ strated leadership within a complex library operation; commitment to staff participation in collegial manage­ ment; and excellent communication skills. a strong humanities background— preferably in western american history—is desirable, as are a broad knowledge of library technical processing functions, experi­ ence in adapting an online catalog system, and reading knowledge of at least 2 foreign languages—one of which should be spanish or latin. position available o ctober 1, 1989, or as soon thereafter as possible. rank and salary ($35,088-$44,020/year) will be based on qualifications. closing date for applications is august 1,1989. apply in writing, including with your letter a complete statement of qualifications, a full resume of educa­ tion and experience, and names and addresses of 3 references, to: janice burrows director of library human resources 447 library annex university of california berkeley, ca 94720 the university of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. r fw w tfw w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w w v v ^ w v w w w v july /august 1989 / 617 ian. qualifications: successful candidates must have excellent lead­ ership, interpersonal, communication, organizational, and manage­ rial skills. at least 5 years educational media experience in an academic library preferable. supervisory experience and an ala accredited mls required. tenure-track, 12-month position with fac­ ulty status. minimum salary is $35,000, dependent upon qualifica­ tions and experience. send letter of application (noncitizens must include current visa status), resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 professional references to: terry latour, search committee, mccain library and archives, the university of southern mississippi, southern station, box 5148, hattiesburg, ms 39406-5148. applications reviewed beginning july 31, 1989, and will continue until position is filled. usm is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply. head, bibliographic control. the university of missouri columbia libraries is seeking qualified applicants for the position of head of the bibliographic control department. principal responsibil­ ities include planning, directing, and evaluating the performance of the department in fulfilling its responsibility of bibliographic control for library users and staff; designing and monitoring workflows and allocating and assigning staff within the department; supervising the work assignments, workloads, training, continuing education, and performance of team leaders in the department; participating in the continuing development of the online catalog (lumin) and serving on committees to identify effective use of lumin, enhancements to lumin, and to establish bibliographic standards for lumin; keep­ ing up-to-date on national cataloging standards and developments, and issues facing academic research libraries in bibliographic ac­ cess and automation; administering grants in the area of biblio­ graphic control, as required; and cataloging monographs and/or se­ rials. r equires m inim um of a m a s te r’ s d e g re e from an ala-accredited program with a second subject masters degree pre­ ferred. at least five years of cataloging experience including some supervisory experience; demonstrated experience in managing cat00<>0<k > 0 0 0 0 0 0 < > c k>0<>chx h>0<>00<>0<k x k >00< k ><><>oooochx>o o o o ck>0<k > 0 0 0 0 0 < reference and technical services librarian tozzer library harvard university reporting to the librarian of tozzer library, provides and coordinates reference service at a reference desk and by individual appointment to a diverse group of researchers in anthropology and related fields; develops and coordinates a program of bibliographic instruction; provides referral to relevant collections and services at other libraries; provides bibliographies and other documentation relating to library collec­ tions and services; provides ongoing evaluation and development of the reference collection, including acquisitions and withdrawal of materials; and coordinates the exhibits program. [60%] reporting to the head of technical services, supervises bibliographic searching and the order process; supervises serial control; resolves complex receipt problems, including serving as liaison with vendors; monitors the acquisitions budget and participates in budget preparation; oversees the processing of gift materials; and develops an exchange program with libraries and institutions worldwide, and oversees cor­ respondence and records of these programs. [40%] qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school required; advanced degree in anthro­ pology preferred; two years experience as a reference librarian in an academic library and familiarity with technical services operations preferred; proven interpersonal and communications skills, as well as ability to work effectively with students, faculty, and colleagues; supervisory experience highly desirable; reading knowledge of at least one modern european language required; experience with automated library sys­ tems highly desirable. rank and salary: librarian i or ii: minimum $28,200, dependent on qualifications. available: july 1, 1989. library profile: tozzer library has one of the world’s leading research collections in anthropology, cover­ ing anthropological linguistics, biological anthropology, cultural anthropology, and prehistoric archaeol­ ogy. housing approximately 171,000 volumes and 2,000 serials, the library serves the teaching and re­ search needs of the anthropology department and the peabody museum of archaeology and ethnology. the library also supports a worldwide community of scholars through the publication of anthropological literature, a quarterly bibliographic author and subject index to over 1,000 serials. tozzer library is a unit of the harvard college library and has a staff of 15, including 6 professionals. major benefits: one month’s vacation, generous holiday and sick leave, choice of health plans, life insur­ ance, university-funded pension plan, tuition assistance. please submit resumes and three sources for current references to: susan lee personnel librarian harvard college library widener library, room 98 cambridge, ma 02138 (617) 495-3721 an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. <k>chx hx > 0 0 0 0 0 < > < k> 0 0 < k> 0 < x kx k> 0 0 0 0 < k> 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 < kx kx > 0 0 0 0 < > < k x > 0 0 0 < > 0 0 0 < 618 / c irr l n ew s aloging activities; familiarity with national cataloging standards in­ cluding lc classification and subject headings, oclc (preferably), national issues facing academ ic research libraries in bibliographic access and automation. required are an ability to communicate well orally and in writing; good supervisory and problemsolving skills; commitment to high productivity and high quality cataloging in all for­ mats. some foreign language background in a western european language is preferred; familiarity with the scholarly research process and the complexities of a large research library's online public cata­ log preferred. minimum salary: $3 0 ,0 0 0 + for 12 months comm en­ surate with experience. benefits include 30 vacation days per year, vested retirement after 5 years, dental insurance, and other normal fringe benefits, including 75% tuition waiver. columbia is in the m id­ dle of the state on i-70, only 2 hours from st. louis and kansas city, and 1.5 hours from the lake of the ozarks major recreational area. the university and two other colleges provide superb cultural events. according to the accra composite index, the cost of living in columbia is very reasonable when com pared with other university communities. available: january 1,1990. send letter of application, names of three references, and resume to: pat burbridge, personnel c oordinator, 104 (cln) ellis library, u n iversity of m issouri columbia, columbia, mo 65201-5149. applications received by september 30, 1989, will receive first consideration. the university of missouri-columbia is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer and employs only u.s. citizens and lawfully authorized alien workers. head, catalog and database m aintenance section. responsible to the head o f the cataloging department for the super­ vision of seven support staff in the maintenance of the notis online bibliographic database, shelf list, online authority files. responsible for the accuracy of headings added to the online catalog, for advis­ ing on name and subject authority questions, and for communication with other library units on matters relating to bibliographic records. participates in department planning and may do original cataloging. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + qualifications: master of library science from ala-accredited school; a knowledge of lc classification schedules and subject headings, aacr2, marc formats, and oclc; at least one year’s relevant experience in an academic library cataloging department, a working knowledge of at least one foreign language and some su­ pervisory experience. familiarity with authority work and experience with online catalog desirable. should have good communication skills. salary: dependent on qualifications with a $25,000 minimum. start date: as soon as possible. send resume and references to: peggy weissert, library personnel officer, theodore m. hesburgh library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556, by au­ gust 15, 1989, for ensured consideration. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head, reference services. responsibilities: the university at albany, state university of new york, seeks a dynamic, innovative leader and effective manager to direct the libraries' programs and collections in reference and government publications, online and cd-rom searching, and bibliographic instruction. supervises 9.5 fte librarians, 6 fte support staff and student assistants. plans, develops,and evaluates collections, programs, and policies. partici­ pates actively in library administration and faculty governance. ful­ fills academic faculty responsibilities for promotion and tenure. qual­ ifications: mls from an ala -accredited institution. substantial reference experience including supervisory responsibilities; experi­ ence with library com puter technology; experience with collection development; ability to establish effective working relationships with faculty, staff and students in a culturally diverse environment; knowl­ edge of trends and issues in academic libraries; the ability to partici­ pate in systematic planning; strong com m itm entto service; evidence of research, publication, and/or professional activity. salary: com ­ mensurate with education and experience, m id-$20s-high-$30s. a pply to: christine m. travis, library personnel officer, university libraries-ul 139, the university at albany, state university of new york, 1400 washington avenue, albany, ny 12222. deadline: + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + slavic cataloger the university of california, berkeley assistant or associate librarian. the library’s catalog department at berkeley is responsible for original cataloging in all languages except chinese, japanese, and korean for the main library and its 23 branches. currently the department seeks a slavic cataloger to perform original cataloging of monographic and microform materials in sciences, technology, humanities, and social sciences in all slavic languages— predominantly russian. the cataloger is responsible for full marc coding of cataloging records input to the uc berkeley online catalog. other duties include contributing to the development of the online public access catalog, training staff, and assisting copy catalogers. university of california librarians are ex­ pected to contribute to the profession outside the primary assignment through such activities as library or university service, participation in professional associations, or publication. an mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent is required, as is thorough familiarity with the anglo-american cataloging rules, 2nd edition, the library of congress rule interpretations, library of congress subject headings and classification schedules, and the marc format. fluency in russian is essential. knowledge of one of the western slavic languages, preferably polish, is highly desirable, along with recent original cataloging experience and knowledge of automated databases such as oclc and/or rlin. a strong background in sciences and humanities, of the latter preferably in slavic studies, is re­ quired; an advanced degree in such a field is highly desirable. rank and salary ($26,136-$33,444/year) based on qualifications. position available september 1,1989. closing date for applications: july 16,1 98 9 . apply in writing, including with your letter a statement of quali­ fications, resume of education and experience, and the names and addresses of 3 references. apply to: janice burrows director of library human resources 447 library, university of california berkeley, ca 94720 the university of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + ♦ ♦ + + + + + + ♦ + + + + + + + + ♦ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + july/august 1989 / 619 review of letters of application and resumes will begin july 31,1989. please include a list of three persons with addresses whom we can contact for references. the university at albany, state university of new york, is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. ap­ plications from women, minority persons, handicapped persons, special disabled and vietnam veterans are especially welcome. lib r a r y /l e a r n in g c en ter d ir ec to r , u niversity of wisconsin-parkside. the university of wisconsin-parkside, one of 13 degree-granting campuses in the distinguished university of wis­ consin system, seeks a library/learning center director. the li­ brary/learning center has a commitment to facilitating faculty and student research, a strong service orientation, and a nationally known program of bibliographic instruction. in addition to the tradi­ tional areas of technical services and public services, the library in­ cludes the archives and area research center and the media services division, which is responsible for the promotion of instruc­ tional materials as well as the maintenance and scheduling of equip­ ment. the library now operates an ls/2000 automated library sys­ tem and is in the process of implementing acquisitions and serials control modules. the library/learning center has 11 professionals, 12 support staff, and 65 student employees. the collection includes 347,000 volumes, 770,000 units of microform, and 17,000 audio­ visual titles. the 1988-89 budget is approximately $1,150,000. in this time of unprecedented change in academic libraries, the posi­ tion of director offers exciting challenges and opportunities calling for leadership, initiative, and foresight. candidates for the position should have an mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. also required is expertise in key administrative activities such as planning, budgeting, and personnel management; enthusiasm for and commitment to flexibility and creativity in adjusting library re­ sources to (uw-parkside's distinctive mission, which entails meeting the needs of both a non-traditional student body and a research oriented faculty; a thorough knowledge of current developments in library technology and systems; and the ability to work effectively with all segments of the university and with other libraries in the uw system and the region. significant activity with professional library associations and a publication record are desirable. the director re­ ports d ire c tly to the vice c hancellor. salary range is $45,000-$55,000. qualified candidates should send a letter of appli­ cation, a complete resume, and the names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of four references to: donald d. kummings, chair, library/learning center search and screen committee, university of wisconsin-parkside, kenosha, wl 53141-2000, by september 1,1989. late submissions will be considered if a suitable candidate pool is not identified by the deadline. effective starting date is janu­ ary 1990, or as soon as possible thereafter. uw-parkside is an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. three reference librarian positions the university of alabama libraries title: reference librarian (instructor), business reference librarian (assistant professor), science nd engineering reference librarian (assistant professor). responsibilities: to provide, under the supervision of the head of the reference department, the head f the business library, and the head of the science and engineering library, a full range of services, ncluding development and interpretation of the appropriate reference sources to the university commu­ ity, subject assigned collection development including faculty liaison, library user instruction, database nd end-user searching and instruction, supervision of classified personnel and student assistants, and ther duties as assigned. some evening and weekend reference service required. qualifications: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; in-depth knowledge of basic gen­ ral and subject reference sources, national and trade bibliographies; ability to work effectively with faculty, tudents, and library personnel at all levels; excellent oral and written communication skills; commitment to lient-centered services. desired: working knowledge of a foreign language; subject reference experience n a large academic or special library; experience in online searching, government documents, and biblio­ raphic instruction; evidence of professional and/or scholarly activity. second master’s degree in relevant ubject highly desirable. salary and benefits: twelve-month, faculty-rank, tenure-earning, strong benefits. appointment of refer­ nce librarian will be at the instructor level with a beginning salary of $19,500. appointment of the busi­ ess reference librarian will be at the assistant professor level with a minimum salary of $23,500. appoint­ ent of the science and engineering reference librarian will be at the assistant professor level with a inimum salary of $23,500. projected starting date: october 1, 1989 (negotiable). to apply: applicants are invited to apply for one or more positions depending on credentials and inter­ sts. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: sondra tucker libraries personnel officer the university of alabama reference librarian searches p.o. box 870266 tuscaloosa, al 35487-0266 he application deadline is august 20, 1989. the university of alabama is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. a o i n a o e s c i g s e n m m e t 620 / c irr l news monographs order librarian. responsibilities manages operations of monographs order department, 8 full-time and sev­ eral part-time employees who do pre-order searching, order genera­ tion, receipt, and accounting for approximately 30,000 volumes per year. works with selectors representing different subject areas in identifying, ordering, and processing new materials for the collection and with serials and cataloging in coordinating flow of materials and planning for adequate bibliographic access. reports to head of ac­ quisitions. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school. preferred: acquisitions or book trade experience; supervisory expe­ rience; familiarity with automated library systems. salary $19,000 plus, commensurate with experience. salt lake city is situated in a dramatic mountain setting and offers an excellent quality of life. hik­ ing, camping, and river-running are available in both mountain and desert red-rock country in summer. outstanding alpine and nordic skiing in winter. cultural opportunities include symphony, ballet, modern dance, chamber music, opera, theater, and arts film. appli­ cations received by august 31, 1989, will be given first consider­ ation; applications will be accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references and/or placement bureau address to: dennis r. defa, 328 marriott library, university of utah, salt lake city, ut 84112. the university of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. p h y sic a l sc ie n c es reference l ib r a r ia n /b ib l io ­ grapher. responsible for the library's collection development in assigned physical science disciplines. provides service at informa­ tion desk, including some weekend and evening hours. participates in an active program of library instruction and computerized data­ base searching in the disciplines of selection responsibility. requires technical services librarian columbia university the library of barnard college, columbia uni­ versity. seeks a technical services librarian to as­ sume responsibility for the integrity of its manual and online bibliographic records. responsibilities include maintaining the card catalog and shelf list, updating manual records and online data mainte­ nance and assisting in the planning and implemen­ tation of notis. in addition, reference duties and collection development responsibilities will be as­ signed. candidate should have mls degree, familiarity with automated bibliographic data systems, online operations, aacr2, lc classification, and marc formats, related experience preferred. 35-hour week; sunday-thursday schedule dur­ ing the academ ic year, m onday-f riday when classes are not in session. s tarting salary: $24,000/year and excellent benefits. send letters of application with resume and three references to: eileen agard glickstein director, barnard college library columbia university 3009 broadway new york, ny 10027-6598 initial review of applications will begin august 2 1 ,1 9 8 9 . an equal opportunity employer. an ala-accredited master's degree and significant coursework in physical sciences or significant science reference experience. ex­ cellent communication skills and strong service orientation essential. $20,500 minimum salary depending on qualifications. excellent benefits package including choice of retirement programs. the uni­ versity of houston libraries holdings exceed 1.6 million volumes, with a materials budget of $2.6 million, and a total staff of 175. the library is a member of arl. to ensure consideration, applications must be received by august 31, 1989. send letter of application, names of 3 references, and resume to: dana rooks, assistant direc­ tor for administration, university of houston libraries, houston, tx 77204-2091. equal opportunity employer. p r in c ip a l c a t a lo g e r . associate librarian or librarian ($31,944-859,556) based on qualifications and experience. open immediately. responsible for ensuring that original cataloging con­ forms to national standards and is expected to motivate catalogers to maintain high levels of productivity. is expected to be innovative and to use creativity in planning and implementing efficient procedures in a manual and automated environment. responsible for the supervi­ sion, training and evaluation of professional catalogers (7 fte) in the original cataloging section of the catalog department which cata­ logs monographs only. the appointee works closely with the super­ visors of the copycataloging and postcataloging sections and with the department head in formulating cataloging policies and in man­ aging the department. answers questions and resolves problems on request from faculty, staff, and other library departments. serves as chair of the joint catalog-serials departments’ authority files committee. catalogs material in areas of expertise as time permits. helps plan for anticipated acquisition of a local integrated online cat­ aloging system. contributes to library, university, and professional activities. qualifications: mls or equivalent; minimum of five years cataloging experience in a research library, including demonstrated leadership ability and successful supervisory experience. thorough knowledge of cataloging principles and procedures, including aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, marc formats, and authority control. working knowledge of a modern european lan­ guage (additional language skills desirable). experience with a ma­ jor utility, such as rlin or oclc. strong oral and written communi­ cation skills. a record of professional achievements is desirable. experience with a local integrated online cataloging system is highly desirable. applicants should send letter, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references (including current supervisor) to: sandra a. vella, assistant personnel librar­ ian, 108 shields library, u niversity of california, davis, ca 95616. telephone: (916) 752-1138. applications received by july 31, 1989 will be assured consideration. the university of california, davis is committed to a policy of affirmative action and specifically invites inquiries and applications from women and ethnic minorities. reference/information retrieval librarian, mem­ phis state university libraries. position will be filled at the instructor or assistant professor level with rank and salary ($21,000 minimum) commensurate with education and relevant experience. position is full-time, tenure-track appointment. responsibilities involve service at reference desk including evenings and weekend rotation, online database searching (i.e., brs and dialog), bibliographic instruction, end-user searching consultation, cd-rom activities and other du­ ties as assigned. the successful applicant must have superior inter­ personal skills as well as excellent written and oral communication skills and the ability to work effectively with patrons and staff. position requires ala-accredited master's degree in library or information science. preference is given to those applicants who can demon­ strate a mix of education, training, relevant academic experience, additional degree work or other characteristics that might contribute to the quality of professional work. position receives twenty-four (24) days of annual leave, eleven (11) paid holidays, and twelve (12) days of sick leave each year. tiaa/cref or state retirement options paid by employer. memphis state university is an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action university. the position is available on 1 july 1989 and a review of applicants will begin on that date and continue until the position is filled. applicants should send a letter of application and resume to: john e. evans, head, reference department, mem­ phis state university libraries, memphis, tennessee 38152; (901) 678-2208. reference librarian, butler university. full-time, 12-month position available august 16,1989. must have ala-accredited mas­ ter's degree in library science, three years related experience includ­ ing online literature searching with dialog, brs, and wilsonline july /august 1989 / 621 systems, knowledge of cd-rom databases and strong interper­ sonal and communication skills. will provide general reference ser­ vice, including computerized literature searches, in main university library serving social sciences and humanities disciplines. some evening work required. other duties include reference collection de­ velopment, training and supervision of student assistants, library in­ struction, and preparation of bibliographies. salary: $18,000. send resume and letters of reference to: patricia a. bacon, personnel di­ rector, butler university, 4600 sunset avenue, indianapolis, in 46208. eoe/aa. reference librarian. full-time, tenure-track faculty position available september 1989. responsibilities: full range of reference and online information services in highly automated library. qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited mls required, second master’s preferred and required for tenure. minimum of 2 years relevant reference ex­ perience required. minimum salary: $25,140 for instructor; $27,900 for assistant professor. review begins august 1,1989, and will con­ tinue until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: mary jane h ilburger, chairperson, reference librarian search and screen committee, ronald williams library, northeastern illinois university, 5500 n. st. louis ave., chicago, il 60625. aa/eoe. reference librarian. provide general reference service in­ cluding bibliographic instruction and computer assisted reference. participate in collection development activities of the department. limited night and weekend duty. teach in library science curricu­ lum. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls. preferred: de­ gree in science area o r experience with science reference materials. experience with bibliographic instruction or teaching. experience with online searching. second master's and foreign language(s). salary and rank: $17,500 minimum for nine months, negotiable de­ pending on qualifications. additional eight week summer school contract normally available. faculty appointment at the rank of assis­ tant professor in a tenure-track position. comprehensive insurance including health, dental, and life; state retirement; tuition benefits. smsu is the second largest public university in missouri with over 17,000 students and the smsu libraries contain over one and one half million items. apply to: send a letter of application and resume, including the names of three references (with address and telephone number) to: paul frisch, head of reference, duane g. meyer li-nnrrinrrinnnnrttrtnnrtnnrriririnnnnnnnnnnnnr̂ ^ two positions available purdue university libraries 1) assistant management & economics librarian. requirements: mls (ala-accredited). minimum of 2 years professional reference experience in business or social sciences. desired qualifications: refer­ ence experience requiring knowledge of traditional as well as computer-based sources; familiarity with liter­ ature of business/economics; some knowledge of government documents; ability to develop information literacy skills via in-class bibliographic instruction and end-user training; knowledge of technical services practices regarding acquisition and cataloging of serials; some supervisory experience; an advanced de­ gree in a related field. responsibilities: participate in delivery of an active program of reference, orientation, and bibliographic instruction emphasizing acquisition of data-gathering skills at both undergraduate and graduate levels. responsible for supervision of processing serial publications. share in management of the library and participate in planning and implementing new programs and services. salary: $22,000 and up depending on qualifications. 2) physics and earth & atmospheric sciences librarian requirements: mls (ala-accredited). minimum of 2 years professional experience in an academic or research library. desired qualifications: creative and energetic commitment to public services and bibliographic instruction. ability to work effec­ tively with faculty, students, and staff. oral and written communication skills. supervisory skills. experience with computer-based information services and microcomputer systems. professional experience with scientific/technical literature. experience with map collection management. responsibilities: directs opera­ tions and manages budgets of both the physics and earth & atmospheric (eas) sciences libraries. pro­ vides reference and general services to faculty, graduate students, and undergraduates in physics and eas as well as to the university community. responsible for collection development. plans and develops new services. trains and supervises support staff. performs liaison work with faculty. manages the univer­ sity library’s map collection. makes presentations to university classes and groups on library services, re­ sources, and facilities. salary: $24,000 and up, depending on qualifications. status and benefits: faculty status and responsibilities, rank commensurate with education and experi­ ence. members of library faculty must meet purdue university requirements (excellence in librarianship, research and publishing, and service) for promotion and tenure. 12-month appointment. annual vacation of 22 working days. flexible benefit programs. group life, medical, and disability insurance programs are in effect as are tiaa-cref and social security coverage. deadline: august 2 0 ,1 98 9 , or until position is filled. apply to: t. l. haworth personnel officer libraries, stewart center purdue university west lafayette, in 47907 send resume and list of references. an eeo/aa employer. jlbjuujujlfljlgju jl9-g-8-gjl8j?j-9-fl-g s. ft jlftjlftilftjlftjlftjlftftjulfta fl.ft.ft 622 / c & r l news brary, 901 s. national, box 175, southwest missouri state uni­ versity, springfield, mo 65804-0095. closing date: applications re­ ceived by july 17, 1989, will receive first consideration. southwest missouri state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian: permanent full-time, tenure-track posi­ tion. duties. reference, online searching, bibliographic instruction, collection development, and serving as a library liaison to a teaching department or departments. required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited program; an undergraduate major in education or social sciences. reference experience in an academic or research library. strong commitment to public service. desirable: two years reference experience and a second master's degree preferred. col­ lection development experience and foreign language fluency de­ sired. incumbent must com ply with the policies of the faculty hand­ book including research, publication, and service to the profession and community. salary dependent upon qualifications, minimum $20,000. submit resume (including names and addresses of three references) by august 7, 1989, to: rita critchfield, general library personnel office, university of new mexico, albuquerque, nm 87131. recruitment will continue until the position is filled. aa/eoe. reference librarians. we are looking for two experienced professionals to work as part of a team in a challenging public service environment. primary responsibility will be to assist in providing gen­ eral reference service in the social sciences, humanities, and busi­ ness. other shared assignments may include government docu­ ments, b.i., database searching, disabled student services (one p o sitio n is new; th e o th e r an e x is tin g v a ca n cy). salary: $23,000-24,000. science reference librarian (new position). to as­ sist in providing reference services in the physical and biological sci­ ences, in c lu d in g d a ta b a s e s e a rc h in g and b .l. salary $24,000-25,000. all three positions require an mls degree from an ala-accredited school, an undergraduate degree in a science is re­ quired also for the science position, one year’s professional refer­ ence experience in an academic library, a working knowledge of a m odern european language. excellent fringe benefits and faculty status. send resume by july 31st to: james delancey, george­ town university library, p.o. box 37445, washington, dc 20013. georgetown university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. r etro spective c o n versio n and r ec lassificatio n cataloger (temporary). salary from $20,000 for 12 months, de­ pending upon qualifications. a temporary faculty-level appointment for 12 months with possible extension. the individual in this position plans and directs the retrospective conversion of non-machine readable bibliographic records and the recataloging and reclassifi­ cation of non-lc classified materials to lc classification and cooper­ ates in the d e v e lo p m e n t a nd im p le m e n ta tio n of c o lle c tio n development policy. required: an ala-accredited mls; knowledge of technical library operations with special emphasis on principles of m onographic cataloging using aacr2, lc classification, and lcsh; ability to supervise subordinates and to communicate library policies and procedures to appropriate personnel clearly and tact­ fully. desirable: one year directly related experience; knowledge of pre-aacr2 cataloging rules; experience using an online biblio­ graphic utility, such as oclc; experience using ms-dos microcom­ puters; knowledge of one or more romance languages. send letter university librarian university of illinois at chicago the university of illinois at chicago, one of two campuses of the university of illinois, is inviting applica­ tions and nominations for the position of university librarian. uic is comprised of 15 colleges with 1800 faculty and serving 25,000 students, 30% of which are graduate and professional students. reporting directly to the vice chancellor for academic affairs, the university librarian is responsible for the leadership and administration of the university library, consisting of the main library, the multi-site library of the health sciences, the science library, the architecture and art library, and the mathematics library, with a collection of 1.6 million volumes, 18,000 serials, and 2.6 million other items including micro­ forms, government documents, and maps, candidates for the position should have the following qualifications: an earned master’s of library sci­ ence from an ala-accredited library school; a distinguished record of accomplishment in librarianship, in research, and in service to the profession to warrant appointment as a tenured full professor; demonstrable commitment to the ideals and principles of a research i university; leadership and commitment in planning for and applying contemporary and emerging technologies; demonstrable commitment to working with the academic community to ensure responsive library service; capacity for establishing beneficial develop­ mental relationships with alumni, community and business leaders, and private and governmental funding agencies; demonstrable academic leadership and library management skills in a complex, multi-site li­ brary; evidence of ability to further relationships with campus constituencies, with libraries, and with associ­ ations and agencies at the local, state, regional, national, and international levels. salary range: $70,000 to $95,000. the search committee will begin screening september 1, 1989 and will continue until the position is filled. to ensure full consideration, applications should be received by september 1 ,1 9 8 9 . applications, accompanied by the names and addresses of five references and a complete curriculum vitae, should be sent to: henri r. manasse, jr. chair, university librarian search committee c/o office of academic affairs 2832 university hall, m/c 105 university of illinois at chicago box 4348, chicago, il 60680 the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. ju ly/a u g u st 1989 / 623 adelphi university i part-time temporary reference librarian (fall semester, 1989) libraries i (library faculty appointment temporary, non-tenure track) five positions i provision of reference desk services and other duties as assigned. 12 hours per adelphi university, the oldest private institu­ week; minimum salary $13 per hour; tion of higher education on long island, ser­ available september 1, 1989; screening ving over 10,000 graduate and undergrad­ will begin july 15. uate students, seeks experienced, energetic two tenure track and resourceful individuals for the following library administrative and faculty appoint­ library faculty appointments ments. for each position, mls from ala 1. coordinator of nonprint media ser­ accredited library school and significant and vices (re-opened search): planning, relevant experience is required. currently, development, and day-to-day operations of adelphi is undergoing challenging and nonprint media services (including general exciting changes, including a re-definition nonprint software and hardware collections, of its mission and goals and a revision of its curriculum materials, services to the han­ curriculum. the university libraries contain dicapped, equipment delivery services, a over 580,000 volumes and maintain 4,8,00 small computer laboratory) and shared ad­ current serials subscriptions. fully auto­ ministrative responsibility for the language mated systems (oclc, clsi, and inlaboratory. novacq) support online catalogs, as well 2. systems librarian/cataloger: plan­ as circulation, acquisitions, and serials ning, implementation, operation, and main­ functions. plans for a new integrated system tenance of the l ib ra rie s’ automated are currently in progress. systems and some cataloging responsibil­ ities (preferably serials). associate dean of libraries for for both tenure track positions: salary $26,000 minimum for a 9.5 month work year, technical and automated services with possible option for a longer work year (administrative appointment) at pro-rated compensation. second ad­ as a senior administrator heading a major vanced degree is highly desirable and will division of the university libraries, respon­ be required for tenure. available february sibilities include overall planning, develop­ 1,1990; screening will begin september 1. ment, management, and coordination of applications for interim appointments to acquisitions, cataloging, and automated both positions are being considered im­ systems and assisting the dean in a variety mediately. interim appointees will serve as of library-w ide adm inistrative respon­ visiting instructors or professors, starting as sibilities. salary $40,000 minimum; 12soon as possible and continuing at least month appointment (22 days vacation); through january, 1990. available november 1,1989; screening will excellent benefits package (including begin september 1. tiaa/cref or alternative retirement plans) provided for full-time positions but not for part-time positions.part-time librarian, adelphi huntington center,huntington,ny submit letter of application (specifying which position and whether interim or per­ (library faculty appointment— manent), curriculum vitae, and names and non-tenure track) addresses of three references to: eugene responsible for the operations and services t. neely, dean of libraries, adelphi of the huntington center library and the university, garden city. ny 11530 university’s library storage annex. hours will vary according to needs of the library adelphi is an equal opportunity but will be primarily afternoons and even­ affirmative action employer m/f ings. salary $15,000 minimum; 20 hours per week, 11 months per year; available september 1, 1989; screening will begin july 15. u n iversity. 624 / c b r l n ew s of inquiry or call for com plete jo b description and application pro­ cess to: trisha long, adm inistrative secretary, james b. duke li­ brary, furman u niversity, greenville, sc 29613; (803) 294-2191. applications must be com plete by august 4, 1989. ser ia ls c a talo g ing sec tio n head, university of califor­ nia, santa barbara (search extended). supervises serials section of cataloging department. duties include original cataloging and clas­ sification of serials and analytics, revision o f contributed cataloging w ork by library assistants, and resolution of com plex bibliographical problems. requirements: mls, at least two years recent profes­ sional experience in serials cataloging, experience with aacr1 and aacr2, lc classification and lc subject headings, online catalog­ ing systems, and supervisory experience. facility with european lan­ guages and autom ated serials cataloging desired. salary range: $ 2 6 ,136-$46,020 dependent upon experience and qualifications. applications must be received by august 3 1 ,19 8 9 . send letter of ap­ plication, names of 3 references, and resum e to: m argaret deacon, associate university librarian, ucsb library, u niversity of cali­ fornia, santa barbara, ca 93106. ucsb is an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. proof of u.s. citizenship or eligibility for u.s. em ploym ent required prior to employment. serials o rder lib r a r ia n . responsibilities: manages serials order, seven full-time and three part-time em ployees w ho are re­ sponsible for pre-order searching, dow nloading oclc records or creating tem porary bibliographic records, creating purchase or­ ders, serial check-in, and serial accounting. w orks with selectors representing different subject areas throughout the library in identify­ ing, ordering, and processing new materials for the library, with m on­ ographs order and cataloging in coordinating the flow of materials and planning for adequate bibliographic access, and with faculty and patrons w ho have questions about the serials collection. re­ p o rts to h ead o f a c q u is itio n s . r e q u ire d : m ls from an ala accredited library school. preferred: serials experience; supervisory experience; familiarity with automated library systems. salary: mini­ mum $19,000 plus, comm ensurate with experience. salt lake city is situated in a dram atic mountain setting and offers an excellent quality of life. hiking, cam ping, and river-running are available in both m ountain and desert red-rock country in summer. outstanding al­ pine and nordic skiing in winter. cultural opportunities include sym ­ phony, ballet, modern dance, cham ber music, opera, theater, and arts film. applications received by august 3 1 ,1 9 8 9 , will be given first consideration; applications will be accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references and/or placement bureau address to: dennis r. defa, 328 marriott library, u niversity of u tah, salt lake city, ut 84112. the univer­ sity of utah is an equal o pportunity, affirm ative action employer. w omen and minorities are encouraged to apply. sla vic /s o c ia l sciences c atalo g lib r a r ia n (position reopened). the university of arizona is seeking a librarian to pro­ vide original and com plex co p y cataloging for slavic language mate­ rials and m onographs in the social sciences. the person in this posi­ tion would serve as a cataloging resource person for library staff in the above languages and subject areas. librarians at the university of arizona have academ ic professional status, are eligible for contin­ uing status, are voting m em bers of the faculty and may take up to 24 days professional leave per year. they have 22 days paid vacation, 12 days sick leave, and 10 holidays per year. a standard package of fringe benefits is available. requirements include a master's degree in library science from an ala-accredited school; fluency in rus­ sian; knowledge of or experience with aacr2, marc formats, lcsh and lc romanization tables, oclc or other bibliographic util­ ity; and good oral and written com m unication skills. candidates with know ledge of other slavic languages and background in the social sciences will be given preference. preference will be given to women and minorities. salary based on qualifications and experience; be­ ginning professional salary is $20,000. applications must be re­ ceived by august 15, 1989. send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: w. david laird, university librar­ ian, u niversity of a rizona library, tucson, az 85721. the univer­ sity of arizona is an equal em ploym ent opportu nity em ployer with an affirmative action plan. non-citizens must include current visa status. s ystem s co o rd in a to r , with faculty rank; available summer 1989. to coordinate library's automated system (notis), supervise database maintenance activities (cataloging, authority control), and coordinate use of ibm m icrocom puter classroom. mls from an ala accredited program or ms in information science required. mini­ mum salary $22,000. salary comm ensurate with experience. send application, resume, transcripts, and three letters of recom m enda­ tion to: david w. jordan, vice president for academ ic affairs, a us­ tin college, sherman, tx 75091-1177. review of candidates will hf?nin jnly 10t 1qr9 eoe. late job listings assistant university librarian for collection management, northwestern university library. the assistant university librarian for collection development is responsible for all aspects of collection management at northwestern university library (excludes the health sciences and law libraries). these responsibilities include setting and interpreting selection policy, allocating acquisition funds, overseeing the preservation program, planning and budget preparation,and ensuring effective communication with the faculty. has a major involvement in fundraising activities. also has a principal role in the general administration of the library. represents the library in regional and national planning for collection management. qualifications: master’s degree from an accredited library school required: advanced degrees in a subject field strongly desired. five years experience in various aspects of collection management required, preferably in positions of increasing administrative responsibility. demonstrated organizational, supervisory, planning, and communication skills required. fundraising experience highly desired. leadership skills and a strong vision of library services essential. salary: $50,000 minimum. send letter of application and resume to: northwestern university library, ann smith, personnel manager, 1935 sheridan road, evanston, il 60208. applications received by september 20, 1989, will receive first consideration. eeo/aa employer. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. authorities librarian/monographic cataloger. oversees authority control operations for the northwestern union online catalog, july /a ugust 1989 / 625 including training and supervision of authorities assistants, and training and liaison with union catalog participants. assists in development of authority control mechanisms and policies for the university library and the notis system. performs original and complex copy cataloging and classification of monographs in a variety of subjects and languages. cataloging is performed on notis for inclusion in oclc using aacr2, rev., ddc20, and lcsh. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. three years cataloging experience, including authority work, preferably in a research library using an automated system. familiarity with the marc bibliographic and authorities formats. working knowledge of two or more modem european languages preferably including german and a romance language. demonstrated supervisory skills preferred. starting salary: $23,000—$27,000. send letter of application and resume, including names of three references, by september 1, 1989 to: ann smith, personnel manager, northwestern university library, 1935 sheridan road, evanston, il 60208. eeo/aa employer. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. bibliographic instruction/reference librarian, joyner library, east carolina university. responsibilities: responsible for development, implementation, and evaluation of the library bibliographic instruction program, including use of the online catalog and cd-rom databases. participates in all aspects of reference service, acts as liaison to assigned academic departments, and develops the reference and stack collections in these areas. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, strong oral and written communication skills, reading knowledge of a foreign language. preferred: minimum of two years experience in bibliographic instruction in an academic or research library, second master’s degree, experience with library applications for microcomputers. twelve-month, tenure-track faculty appointment. salary $22,000 minimum, depending on qualifications. research and publication expected for tenure and promotion. reference department staff of twelve includes nine librarians. east carolina university’s libraries serve a campus community of over 15,000 students and 950 faculty. the university is a constituent institution of the sixteen-campus university of north carolina. screening of applications will begin august 1, 1989 and continue until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, copies of transcripts, and names of three current references to: dr. jo ann bell, acting director of academic library services, joyner library, east carolina university, greenville, nc 27858-4353. official transcripts from each college or university attended will be required prior to any offer of employment. federal law requires proper documentation of identity and employability at the time of employment. it is requested this documentation be included with your application. east carolina university is an affirmative-action, equal opportunity employer and, as such, encourages applications from women, blacks, and other minorities. business reference librarian/bibliographer the business reference librarian/bibliographer is responsible for collection development in business, with special emphasis in accounting, management, and marketing. serves as faculty liaison to departments within the school of business administration. provides reference/users services, including online searching (with assistance from our computer services librarian), bibliographic instruction, and other duties as assigned. reports to head, humanities and social science department. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accredited program; business reference experience, experience with online searching and microcomputers. strong interpersonal skills and service commitment; effective oral and written communication skills; commitment and ability to work collegially. advanced subject degree in a business field preferred. the miami university libraries contain over 1.4 million volumes, have an extensive collection of government documents and microforms, and subscribe to over 626 / c h r l news 12,000 serials. they serve 800 teaching and research faculty, 15,000 undergraduates, and 1,000 graduate students. the library has 34 professional librarians and 55 support staff. miami university is a highly selective institution, located in oxford, ohio, 35 miles northwest of cincinnati. benefits include blue cross/blue shield, major medical, disability, dental, and term life insurances all paid by the university. public employees retirement system. salary level begins at $23,000. submit letter of application, resume, and names, telephone numbers, and addresses of three professional references to: judith a. sessions, dean and university librarian, miami university, oxford, oh 45056. preliminary screening of applications will begin august 1, 1989. miami university is an equal opportunity employer. cataloger for classics and literature, original monographs cataloging department. primary responsibility for providing original and selected member copy cataloging according to aacr2, lc rule interpretations, and local cataloging and authorities policy and procedures, and supplying lc subject headings and lc classification for monographs in literature, linguistics, and the classics published in western european languages (excluding spanish, portuguese, italian), latin, and greek for all cu libraries (except rare book), western european language monographs in all subjects for east asian and journalism libraries, monographs for the papyrus/epigraphy collection (primarily classics titles), and some non-book formats cataloging for all cu libraries. responsibilities also include back-up and assistance to other original catalogers; performing auxiliary cataloging duties including marc tagging revision, catalog editing, filing, etc.; contributing to departmental and divisional policy and procedure development (identifying issues, providing feedback, completing writing assignments, and committee/task force participation); and providing departmental support. the original monographs cataloging department is part of the libraries’ bibliographic control division (other units are cataloging with copy, serials cataloging and catalog maintenance). the division provides cataloging via rlin for about 100,000 titles per year. cataloging records are made accessible and maintained via clio, our notis based online public access catalog. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: working knowledge and relevant experience with cataloging principles and procedures including aacr2, lc subject headings and classification, marc tagging, and a national online cataloging system (rlin or oclc); strong reading knowledge of latin, french, and german; in-depth knowledge of classical literature, world literature, and the humanities; evidence of initiative and superior organizational skills; and excellent communication, interpersonal, and writing skills. reading knowledge of greek is preferred. salary ranges are: librarian i: $26,000—$33,800; librarian ii: $28,000—$37,800; librarian iii: $31,000—$44,950. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. send resume listing names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is august 31, 1989. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cataloging supervisor, cataloging with copy department. the columbia libraries are in the process of implementing an online integrated system for information services. a central component of the system is the online catalog, clio, which became a notis-based system in spring 1989. the libraries add approximately 100,000 new catalog records each year, and will be engaged for some time in continuing retrospective conversion of older records. we seek a cataloging supervisor with the skills, vision and energy needed to assist in the transition to a locally based catalog while maintaining high cataloging production standards. reporting to the head of cataloging with july /a ugust 1989 / 627 copy, the cataloging supervisor supervises departmental staff working with lc and other approved copy, participates in reviewing and altering methods of workflow and cataloging policies within the department, and participates in planning related to the libraries’ bibliographic control functions. in addition, the incumbent performs original cataloging of rush material in all western languages and in one specially assigned subject or language area. with the transition to a notis-based catalog, it is anticipated that the incumbent will plan new workflows for record maintenance including the processing of added locations, added copies, and new routines for bibliographic maintenance. the cataloging with copy department (3 librarians, one supervisor, 23 support staff, and 3 fte student assistants) has responsibility for copy cataloging and the input of bibliographic records into rlin and the libraries notis-based catalog. the department is one of four departments within the bibliographic control division, which includes original monographs cataloging, catalog maintenance, and serials cataloging. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: strong organizational and analytical skills; effective verbal and written communications skills; knowledge of cataloging principles, marc formats, lc subject headings and classification; and working knowledge of one or more western european languages. experience in technical services, knowledge of automated cataloging procedures, research library and supervisory experience, and experience in the use of rlin and notis are desirable. salary ranges are: librarian i: $26,000—$33,800; librarian ii: $28,000—$37,800; librarian iii: $31,000—$44,950. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. send resume listing names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, c olum bia u niversity, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is august 31, 1989. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. circulation librarian. administers central circulation and bookstacks. responsibilities include management of a large and complex central operation of a decentralized library system; policy making, goal setting, planning and evaluation; assurance of efficient circulation services to the university community as well as its broader constituency who has access to the collection by way of illinet online, the statewide online union catalog and circulation system; participation in the development and enhancement of the circulation function as an integral part of the library’s online information retrieval system; management, maintenance, and attention to the preservation of the 5 million volume bookstacks collection; supervision of a large and varied staff; space utilization planning; provision of instructional and other specialized services; oversight of an in-house binding operation; and maintenance of effective working relationships with other departments including more than 35 circulating units and subject collections located both in the main library and elsewhere on campus. department: the circulation librarian is a member of the library administrative council and reports to the director of general public services who reports to the university librarian. the circulation librarian is assisted by the circulation manager, 24 fte support staff, 2 fte graduate assistants, and 30,000 hours of annual student help. central circulation, open 102 hours per week, circulates approximately .5 million volumes annually. the bookstacks collection houses two-thirds of the library’s holdings, an expensive microform collection, and a separate current periodical section. half the collection is located in a new stack addition furnished with compact mobile shelving. the circulation function is part of illinet online, which employs the library computer system (lcs) linked to the western library network online catalog software. qualifications: required: mls/ala accredited. four years of increasingly more responsible professional library experience including administration and staff supervision, preferably in a large 628 / c irr l news research library. highly developed management, interpersonal communications, and leadership skills. strong commitment to responsive and innovative public service. understanding of the dynamics of large organizations and ability to work effectively in a changing environment. ability to meet university standards of research, publication, and service. preferred: prior experience with circulation services in a large library unit and with an automated circulation system. salary/rank: $40,000 upward, depending on experience and accomplishments. twelve-month appointment. faculty rank— level dependent on qualifications. must engage in research, publication, and university/professional/community service in order to meet university standards for tenure and promotion. application: send application, resume, names, and addresses of five professional references by september 15, 1989, to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, university of illinois library (u c), 1408 w. gregory drive, urbana, il 61801. phone (217) 333-5494. further inquiry: contact david cobb, chairperson, search committee, (217) 333-0827. the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. director of special collections. the university of new mexico general library offers an exciting opportunity for someone of vision, energy, and enthusiasm. the right person will use experience and imagination to lead a dynamic and innovative special collections department in a period of transition and growth. we are searching for an "entrepreneur" who will provide the leadership required to direct the special collections department, the pivotal department of the general library’ s newly-established center for southwest research. we need someone with knowledge of the southwest and strong communication skills; a record of, or strong potential for, creative fundraising for new and established programs; experience with and commitment to automation; the willingness and demonstrated ability to manage a department within a collegial environment; the ability to create and develop programs; and experience with or knowledge of higher education in an academic setting. this individual will manage an established special collections department; inspire, motivate, and direct staff; raise funds; be instrumental in the development and growth of the center for southwest research; play an important role in the team management of the general library; create matter from energy; take risks; and garner good will and support from public and private sectors. this position requires an mls from an ala-accredited program and/or ph.d. or other doctoral degree. the special collections department is a major resource center for the study of the american west, especially the southwest. the department has active reference, collection development, automation, preservation, outreach, and oral history programs. it houses manuscripts, architectural collections, photoarchives, rare books, congressional papers, university records, and specialized hispanic, native american, and latin american materials. services are provided by three faculty and eight staff. the center for southwest research fosters university-wide interdisciplinary study of research pertaining to the southwest. the programs and services of the center are open for innovation, research, and development. the center currently incorporates the special collections department and affiliated research projects and academic programs in a federated arrangement directed by the dean of library services. the general library, with a collection of over 1,300,000 volumes, is a member of the association of research libraries and the amigos bibliographic utility. the collection is located in zimmerman library and four branches. the general library utilizes the ls/2 circulation system, innovacq acquisitions and serials control system, and carlyle online catalog. the library is administered and managed by the dean, associate dean, and the library management team which also includes the directors of the branch libraries and centers and heads of departments. the management team makes broad operational, personnel, and budgetary decisions while leaving considerable latitude to department heads in managing their july/august 1989 / 629 departments. the university of new mexico main campus has an enrollment of 24,500 and employs 1,400 faculty and 3,800 staff. the institution serves a multi-cultural state and the student body is one of the most ethnically diverse in the nation. unm offers 54 master’s degrees and 35 doctoral and professional degrees. salary is negotiable from $35,000. this is a twelve-month, tenure-track facvdty position. rank is negotiable from assistant professor. it is assumed that the incumbent in the position will comply with the policies of the faculty handbook including research, publication, and service to the profession and community. submit a resume (including names, addresses, and phone numbers for at least three references) and a letter of application to: rita critchfield, personnel office, general library, university of new mexico, albuquerque, nm 87131. applications received by september 1, 1989, will be given first consideration. position is contingent on available funds. recruitment will continue until position is filled. unm is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. gift books librarian. responsible for enhancing a book donor program, acknowledgment, evaluation, and placement of donated materials; managing duplicate book exchange program; selection of memorial requests. shares professional coverage in reference and public services, including weekend and evening rotation. requirements include ala-accredited mls and demonstrated ability to use oclc and dialog. minimum salary: $19,000. excellent benefit package. this is a 12-month, faculty-rank position. available july 1,1989. send letter of application and resume to: director of personnel, gannon university, university square, erie, pa 16541, by august 1, 1989. gannon university is a selectively comprehensive catholic teaching university with 4,500 students engaged in 55 undergraduate and 10 graduate programs, and is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. government documents librarian, joyner library, east carolina university. responsibilities: participates in all documents services, collection development, reference service, bibliographic instruction, cd-rom, and online datafile searching. the collection includes federal depository, north carolina state, united nations, and selected foreign and international government publications. position reports to head, government documents department/north carolina collection. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of reference and bibliographic sources; effective oral and written communication skills; experience in use of online databases. twelve-month, tenure-track faculty appointment. salary $22,000 minimum, depending on qualifications. research and publication expected for tenure and promotion, government documents and n.c. collection department staff of seven includes four librarians. east carolina university’s libraries serve a campus community of over 15,000 students and 950 faculty. the university is a constituent institution of the sixteen-campus university of north carolina. screening of applications will begin august 1,1989 and continue until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, copies of transcripts, and names of three current references to: dr. jo ann bell, acting director of academic library services, joyner library, east carolina university, greenville, nc 27858-4353. official transcripts from each college or university attended will be required prior to any offer of employment. federal law requires proper documentation of identity and employability at the time of employment. it is requested this documentation be included with your application. east carolina university is an affirmative-action, equal opportunity employer and, as such, encourages applications from women, blacks, and other minorities. government publications librarians (two positions), san diego state university library. responsibilities: 1) u.s. specialist: serve at government publications reference desk, including rotating evening and 630 / c irr l news weekend duty. may include occasional service at general reference desk. participate in full range of public services activities including computer searching, library instruction, and preparation of library guides. select materials in assigned subject area(s) in addition to u.s. publications. assist with coordinating and maintaining government information in electronic formats. participate in local cataloging of u.s. publications and in planning for their inclusion in an innopac online catalog. may be assigned to develop a local documents collection. participate in committee work and perform other duties as assigned. 2) u.n. specialist: serve at government publications reference desk, including rotating evening and weekend duty. may include occasional service at general reference desk. participate in full range of public services activities including computer searching, library instruction, and preparation of library guides. select materials in assigned subject area(s) in addition to u.n. publications. responsible for maintenance of u.n. collection, including cataloging and supervision of processing. participate in planning for inclusion of u.n. publications in innopac online catalog. participate in committee work and perform other duties as assigned. qualifications: mls or equivalent from ala-accredited school required. demonstrated commitment to public service with excellent interpersonal and communication skills. desirable qualifications: experience with government publications, cataloging (including familiarity with aacr2 and marc format), computer searching and collection development. full-time, tenure-track, faculty positions. rank of senior assistant librarian or associate librarian. salary range is $31,680—$55,548. reappointment, promotion, and tenure require evidence of continuing professional development. desired starting date: october 1, 1989. application date: the appointment committee will begin screening applications on september 1, 1989. applications will be taken until the positions are filled but should be received as early as possible to ensure full consideration. please submit letter of application with resume and names of at least three references to: gerald d. palsson, associate university librarian for administrative services, ref: gov, san diego state university library, san diego, ca 92182-0511. please note on your application which position you are applying for. sdsu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity, title dc employer. librarian. head, catalog department. supervises and coordinates a cataloging unit with a staff of 6 fte paraprofessionals and two professionals including head. the unit processes over 10,000 volumes per year. other duties include responsibilities as a subject bibliographer. required: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited school and a minimum of four years of progressively responsible professional technical services experience; strong background in supervision and management; knowledge of lc classification, lcsh, aacr2, and marc formats; demonstrated communication and interpersonal relations skills. preferred: some experience with an online catalog. position is twelve-month, tenure-track, tiaa/cref or state retirement. salary is $26,000—$29,000. hunter library has an annual materials budget of approximately $700,000, contains over 350,000 volumes, and has a staff of 14 professionals and 25 paraprofessionals. western carolina university, with two other state universities, has formed the western north carolina library network, which shares an ls/2000 opac/circulation system. send letter of application, resume, official transcripts, and names and telephone numbers of three references to: sharon kimble, search committee, hunter library, western carolina university, cullowhee, nc 28723. preference given to applications received by september 1, 1989. western carolina university is one of the sixteen senior institutions of the university of north carolina and an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. the university is located between the great smoky mountains and the blue ridge mountains, 55 miles west of asheville, north carolina. july /a ugust 1989 / 631 librarian for north pacific studies. bibliographic/subject specialist for north pacific studies center, oregon historical society. responsibilities: analyzes subject strengths and needs for collection development; functions as reference liaison librarian between library and the north pacific studies center staff; serves as coordinator of library services to researchers, resident and visiting scholars, and staff. qualifications: library degree; knowledge of cataloging principals; knowledge of and experience with oclc database or other bibliographic utility; reading skill (with help of dictionary) of japanese, korean, or chinese, preferably chinese language; knowledge of pacific northwest history and pacific rim countries desirable. salary: $20,000 to $25,000 depending on experience. excellent vacation and fringe benefits. send letter of application and resume, including references, to: oregon historical society, 1230 s.w. park ave., portland, or 97250, attn: l. w. flannery. phone: (503) 222-1741. map librarian (new position). reports to the head, reference and information services. responsible for managing the operations of the map collection located in the hoskins branch library. the map collection contains over 350,000 maps. primary responsibilities will include the provision of reference service for the unit, including database searching and bibliographic instruction, supervision of two full-time staff and student assistants, collection development, liaison with faculty, and assistance with cataloging and classification of cartographic materials. there will be a close liaison with the documents/microforms area. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree; effective oral and written communication skills; a good public service attitude; and evidence of ability to work well with faculty, students, and staff. must have minimum of two years professional (post-mls) library experience in public services, preferably in an academic library. library faculty must meet university requirements for promotion and tenure. preferred qualifications: coursework in geography or a science, or experience with maps and a broad understanding of cartographic information sources. supervisory experience. experience with map cataloging. reading knowledge of one or more foreign languages. microcomputer experience. tenure-track position. twenty-four days annual leave, tuition remission, usual benefits. assistant professor rank. salary $25,000 minimum. send letter of application, current resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three recent references to: jill keally, personnel librarian, the u niversity o f tennessee library, 1015 volunteer boulevard, knoxville, tn 37996-1000. review of applications will begin september 1, 1989, and will continue until the position is filled. utk is an eeo, affirmative action, title ix, section 504 employer. minority internship. miami university has a strong commitment to affirmative action and is actively seeking to increase minority representation in all areas of the university. the university libraries minority internship program is one component of the libraries’ overall affirmative action plan and is intended to increase the representation of minority librarians at miami and to further the growth and development of minority librarians within the profession. this newly established program is designed to assist a recent library school graduate in making a successful transition to academic librarianship. the miami university libraries are committed to introduce and orient the recent minority graduate to the complexities of academic librarianship in a rapidly changing environment. the oneor two-year internship will provide the opportunity for hands-on experience in all areas of the university libraries’ operations, including public, technical, and administrative services. actual assignments will be made based on interests of the individual and needs of the libraries. this internship will report to the dean and university librarian. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accredited library school (degree requirements must be fulfilled by august 1989 for appointment in 632 / c irr l news august/september or december 1989 for appointment in january 1990). members of minority groups are the focus of this program. the miami university libraries contain over 1.4 million volumes, have an extensive collection of government documents and microforms, and subscribe to over 12,000 serials. they serve 800 teaching and research faculty, 15,000 undergraduates, and 1,000 graduate students. the library has 34 professional librarians and 55 support staff. miami university is a highly selective institution, located in oxford, oh 35 miles northwest of cincinnati. benefits include blue cross/blue shield, major medical, disability, dental, and term life insurances all paid by the university. public employee retirement system. salary level is $23,000. submit letter of application, resume, and names, telephone numbers, and addresses of three professional references to: judith a. sessions, dean and university librarian, miami university, oxford, oh 45056. preliminary screening of applications will begin august 1, 1989. miami university is an equal opportunity employer. project manager, dartmouth college information system, dartmouth college libraries and dartmouth college computing services. responsibilities: directs and manages the design, development, and implementation of the dartmouth college information system (dcis), a large software development project whose goal is to provide easy access over local and national networks to an expanding universe of information through a workstation-based user interface. oversees a project team of several software developers; plans the direction and pace of technical development and innovation for dcis and assures timely completion of components. promotes dcis on and off campus and facilitates the integration of dcis into the instructional and research activities of the college. coordinates vendor relationships and fundraising for the dcis project. the project is expected initially to take 3 years and is funded through foundation and corporation grants. qualifications: must have 3 to 5 years of experience in technical areas (applications development, systems programming, systems analysis) including some management responsibilities, or the equivalent. experience in an academic environment and a ph.d. would be assets. familiarity with library operations, information retrieval, and database management technologies is highly desirable. must have demonstrable oral and written communication skills. salary and benefits: salary commensurate with background and experience with a minimum of $45,000. 22 days vacation; tiaa/cref; paid major medical, hospital, and dental insurance; liberal sick leave and disability programs; assistance with moving expenses. applications: resume review will begin august 1, 1989. send resume to: phyllis jaynes, director of library user services, 115 baker library, dartmouth college, hanover, nh 03755. dartmouth college is an aa, eeo, m/f employer. minority candidates are encouraged to apply. systems information specialist. a major wall street law firm using unix operating system is seeking an individual responsible for maintaining the online card catalog, developing and implementing a serial check-in system (including routing and binding and billing modules); troubleshooting computer problems; setting up databases using the in-house system for the firm’s work products. requirements: 3 plus years of experience in setting up and converting datafiles, working knowledge of programming especially "c" language, familiarity with oclc and/or other utilities, and experience in setting up integrated systems. must be able to work independently. salary $40,000+, excellent fringe benefits. please send resume and a detailed description of experience to: nuchine nobari, davis polk & wardwell, one chase manhattan plaza, new york, ny 10005. reference/instruction librarian. for general reference, library instruction, science collection development, and faculty liaison to science july/a ugust 1989 / 633 department. will also include online and cd-rom database searching in science. required: mls from an ala-accredited institution, academic background in life sciences or experience in science reference, training or experience in online or cd-rom searching, excellent communication skills. preferred: academic degree in science, teaching experience, computer skills. position available august 1, 1989. salary: $22,000—$26,000. application deadline: applications will be accepted until the position is filled, but for maximum consideration applications must be received by july 21. send letters of application, resume, transcripts, and names of 3 references to: anne commerton, director, penfield library, state university college, oswego, ny 13126. suny oswego is an equal opportunity employer. women, minority persons, handicapped persons, and vietnam veterans are encouraged to apply. reference librarian for small private career-oriented liberal arts college. ala/mls. responsibilities include desk service, library instruction, online searching, government publications, and collection development. share day, evening, and sunday hours. 12-month, tenure-track position. salary $20,000. excellent benefits. send resume and three references to: susan m. campbell, library director, schmidt library, york college of pennsylvania, country club road, york, pa 17405-3426. deadline: august 15,1989. reference librarian. join a team of eight librarians to develop and deliver library service for the 1990s. responsibilities include general reference, online searching, cd-rom services, and collection development. ala accredited mls and the ability to communicate effectively both orally and in writing required; reference and online searching experience desirable. salary $22,000-$24,000. excellent fringe benefits, including 22 days of vacation annually. available: september 2, 1989. application deadline: august 21, 1989. indiana university northwest is a 4,600-student campus of indiana university. its proximity to industrialized population centers, rural areas, and national park land in indiana, and to chicago and its environs, provides varied residential, educational, and recreational opportunities. send resume and the names of three references to: robert moran, jr., director of library services, indiana university northwest, 3400 broadway, gary, in 46408. an equal opportunity employer. reference librarian, science specialty. reports to the head of the reference department. responsible for providing general reference to students and faculty in the main library and reference (including chemistry, pharmacy, and medicine) in the science library. responsible for collection development in assigned subject area. responsible for some database searching. requirements: ala-accredited mls. prefer a science degree or a substantial number of science courses taken, preferably in chemistry. demonstrated listening, oral, and written communication skills; proven ability to work independently and cooperatively with patrons, colleagues, and staff. experience with online systems desirable. reference experience in an academic or science library is preferred but recent graduates are encouraged to apply. uop is an independent coeducational institution with 3,800 students and 275 faculty. uop offers more than 50 major programs in most of the traditional areas of the physical and life sciences, the humanities, and the social and behavioral sciences. three doctoral programs are offered in chemistry, pharmacy, and education. programs are also offered by the six professional schools including: conservatory of music, business and public administration, education, engineering, international studies, and pharmacy. the library holds 355,000 volumes and receives 3,120 current subscriptions. rank and salary: appointment at the rank of assistant professor. salary of $20,000 minimum (depending on qualifications and experience). twenty-four days of vacation, 11 holidays, tiaa/cref, and generous benefits. applications will be accepted until position is filled, but those 634 / c irr l news received before september 15 will receive first consideration. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three current references to: jessica a. marshall, associate dean, university of the pacific, university libraries, 3601 pacific ave., stockton, ca 95211. uop is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. serials librarian (reopened). responsibilities: reports to the acquisitions librarian and assists in all aspects of coordinating and integrating serials with acquisitions and cataloging. supervises the processing supervisor, two and one half acquisitions department support staff as pertains to their serials duties, and part-time students. does original and copy cataloging of periodical titles using oclc. coordinates the review of gift and duplicate exchange lists for periodicals. supervises the updating of the library’s holdings in a cooperative oclc union list of serials. supervises the use of innovacq for serials check-in and binding. responsible for the bibliographic control among the library’s manual and automated files. responsible for collection development in assigned subject area. requirements: ala-accredited mls. ability to manage the complexities of serials; cataloging experience with an online system, preferably oclc, required; knowledge of current theory and practice of bibliographic control; proven skills in problem solving; listening, oral, and written communication skills; proven ability to work independently and cooperatively with patrons and colleagues. recent graduates will be considered if they have applicable experience in a para-professional position. uop is an independent coeducational institution with 3,800 students and 275 faculty. uop offers more than 50 major programs in most of the traditional areas of the physical and life sciences, the humanities, and the social and behavioral sciences. programs are also offered by the six professional schools including: conservatory of music, business and public administration, education, engineering, international studies, and pharmacy. three doctoral programs are offered in chemistry, pharmacy, and education. the library holds 355,000 volumes and receives 3,120 current subscriptions. rank and salary: appointment at assistant or associate rank with a salary of $25,000 minimum (depending on qualifications and experience). twenty-four days of vacation, 11 holidays, tiaa/cref, and generous benefits. applications will be accepted until position is filled, but those received before september 15,1989 will receive first consideration. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three current references to: jessica a. marshall, associate dean, university libraries, university of the pacific, 3601 pacific ave., stockton, ca 95211. uop is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. social science librarian. tenure-track, 10 1/2-month faculty appointment available immediately. responsible for library liaison with all social science departments. duties: collection development, general reference, dialog searching, maintenance of federal documents and university archives. qualifications: msls from an ala-accredited program, second master’s in social science or history, ability to work with students and faculty and meet university requirements for tenure. excellent benefits; salary $23,000—$26,000, dependent on background and experience. send letter of application; resume; names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: clayton high vim, illinois wesleyan university library, 201 e. university st., bloomington, il 61702. iwu is an equal opportunity employer. technical services librarian. austin presbyterian theological seminary seeks a technical services librarian to assume primary responsibility for cataloging and serials control. duties will also include overseeing acquisition processing, maintaining authority file and supervising student assistants. as the library becomes more fully automated, an additional july /a u gu st 1989 / 635 responsibility will be overseeing the online public catalog maintenance. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree, two years cataloging experience; knowledge of lc classification, subject headings, and marc record formats; ability to use oclc and other bibliographic utility. preference will be given to persons who have technical services experience in an academic library, who possess knowledge about online automated systems, and/or microcomputer applications in libraries and who have graduate degrees in religious studies. salary: $22,000— $26,000. excellent benefits. send applications with references or write for more information to: valerie r. hotchkiss, stitt librarian, a u stin p re sb y te ria n t h e o lo g ica l sem inary, 100 east 27th street, austin, tx 78705-5797. application deadline is august 1, 1989. aa/eeo. university librarian , georgetown university, washington, d.c. georgetown university invites applications and nominations of highly qualified candidates for the position of university librarian of its main campus library system consisting of a central facility and three branches currently housing over one and a quarter million volumes. the university librarian manages a staff of 145 fte and a total budget of over $5.2 million. an integrated automated computer system (geac) (online catalog, circulation, acquisitions, and serials) is operational. the library, a member of arl, is an active participant in the washington research library consortium. candidates should demonstrate proven administrative ability in a large academic library system; experience with information and computer technology; strong commitment to the teaching, research, and service missions of the university; the ability to communicate effectively; a knowledge of modem management practices as applied to libraries; a commitment to regional resource sharing; experience in library fundraising; an understanding of and commitment to affirmative action and equal opportunity; and commitment to the goals and objectives o f georgetown as a jesuit, catholic institution of higher education. the university librarian has primary responsibility for budget, facilities, planning, library services, collection development, fundraising, local library cooperation, personnel, and library automation. requirements are an ala-accredited master’s degree. an additional advanced degree in an appropriate subject field is highly desirable. candidates should demonstrate a record of increasing administrative responsibility and success in an academic research library. appointment to be effective, i f possible, by february 1,1990, otherwise by july 1, 1990. applicants should send a resume and the names of at least three references by october 30, 1989. applications, nominations, and questions should be directed to: search committee for university librarian, c/o marie-helene gibney, office of the provost, g e o rg e to w n u niversity, washington, dc 20057; (202) 687-6400. georgetown university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. co o rd in ato r of public services/head reference librarian . the university of the south seeks a creative, energetic, people oriented librarian to coordinate and supervise reference, circulation, interlibrary loans, archives and special collections, and non-print services in dupont library. reports to university librarian and serves on library administrative cabinet. required: ala-accredited mls, five years professional academic library experience with significant reference service; three years progressively responsible supervisory experience in libraries; demonstrated ability to work effectively with patrons and staff; excellent interpersonal skills; ability to plan, develop, and implement effective public service program. preferred second graduate degree; experience with computer technology related to library services. position available: july 1, 1989. salary range: $25,000—$31,900; excellent benefits; applications will be accepted until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and three references to: david kearley, university librarian, u n iversity o f the south, sewanee, tn 37375. 636 / c irr l news eoe. minorities are encouraged to apply. two positions. collection development librarian. we need an experienced librarian to plan and carry out our collection development program. responsibilities include: establish measures of collection strengths and weaknesses; formulate collection development plans for academic subjects; evaluate changing academic programs for collection impact; reassess ongoing programs for collection needs; serve as liaison to other academic libraries in local consortium in planning cooperative collection development programs. qualifications include: ala minimum 5 years experience, 2 of which must have been in collection development; ability to work effectively with administrators, faculty, and library staff. salary is $30,000. cataloger. performs original descriptive cataloging and classification for materials in all formats, subjects, including name and subject authority work. should have thorough knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, marc, and other standard cataloging tools. oclc experience desirable. one year professional cataloging experience required. salary is $22,000. each position requires an mls degree from an ala-accredited school. excellent fringe benefits including faculty status. send resume by august 30th, 1989 to: james delancey, georgetown university library, p.o. box 37445, washington, dc 20013. georgetown university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian. the university of northern iowa has an immediate opening. the librarian in this position participates in a full range of reference duties including reference desk service, bibliographic instruction, computerized searching, and related assignments. also serves as bibliographer in library’s collection management program. one of 7 1/2 general reference positions. ala/mls and good interpersonal, written, and oral communications skills required. reference coursework or experience required. a strong academic background in the humanities (excluding art and music) preferred. a second master’s degree or equivalent required for tenure. work year consists of academic year— including summer session— plus two weeks. off approximately eight weeks per year. tiaa/cref retirement plan and excellent fringe benefits. salary: $21,500 minimum. application deadline: screening of applications will begin on september 1, 1989 and continue until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, transcripts, and names of three references to: gerald peterson, chair, search committee, donald 0. rod library, university of northern iowa, cedar falls, iowa 50613. uni is an equal opportunity educator and employer with a comprehensive plan for affirmative action. systems coordinator for dra installation, lamar university. circulation, and acquisitions operational. responsibilities include: implementing additional functions and software releases; facilitating communications between the library, the vendor, and the campus computer center; training staff; planning for all aspects of library automation. qualifications: required: ala-accredited m.l.s.; experience in library systems management; excellent communication and interpersonal skills. preferred: experience in academic libraries, dra, microcomputers, networking, interlibrary cooperation, and multi-library systems. salary and benefits: in the low 30s, dependent upon qualifications and experience. twelve-month appointment, faculty rank and status. send letter of application, resume, and names of at least three references to: juanita weisel, search committee chair, lamar university, gray library, box 10021, beaumont, tx 77710. applications will be received until position is filled; however, for first consideration, submit by august 15, 1989. lamar university beaumont is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. because it offers so many opportunities for service to my library colleagues. “i s p e n t 16 y ea rs in a n a c a d e m ic library w h e r e i e x p e r i e n c e d firsth and t h e com p le x itie s of serials m a n a g e m e n t , th e c h a lle n g e s of collection d e v e lo p m e n t a n d th e great d e m a n d s placed on a c a d e m ic librarians. at ebsco i’ve fo u nd a significant way to p u t th a t e x p e rie n c e to w ork for o u r c usto m e rs. “i’m an a ccount services manager, a p ositio n t h a t ’s u n i q u e to ebsco in th e serials s u b s c r ip ­ tion b usin ess. it’s m y job to se e th a t you get all th e h elp y ou n e e d from ebsco to m a n a g e y o u r serials responsibilities effectively. so i l i s t e n ... i a d v i s e ... a n d i solve p ro blem s. “ like m y c o u n te r p a r t s in ebsco regional offices across th e c o u n t r y i w ork with th e o th e r m e m b e r s of y o u r serial^ s u p p o rt g r o u p —th e ebsco sales representative, g eneral m anag er a n d c u s to m e r service r e p rese n tativ e —to e n s u r e that th e ro u tin e a sp e c ts of y o u r su b scrip tio n p ro g ram are h a n d le d p ro m p tly a n d efficiently. but i’m also available to h elp with th e m o re so ph isticated , n o n -r o u tin e n e e d s you m ight h a v e —like collection d e v e lo p m e n t reports, b ud g et p l a n n i n g reports, inservice tra in ing se m in ars, reviews of services p ro vided a n d of o th e rs available th r o u g h ebsco... w h a t e v e r y o u r special n e e d s may be.” lee ketcham, mls account services m anager at ebsco, we th in k librarians deserve qualified personnel w ho kn o w a nd understand the challenges they face. isn't that w ha t yo e u ex b pect from a professional s u b s crip tio n agency? subscript s ion c ser o vices international headquarters ro. box 1943 • birmingham, al 35201 (205) 991-6600 contact us today to learn more. rowing out o fj tooday's ur current developm particul b arly o s f the tgoent needs for help ents co g d ncer a nin youn , the elder y g employment, ly, women, and the disabled. s u b s c rip tio n rate: $ 4 8 .0 0 p e r y e a r; $15 p e r issu e. in a land of plenty we have by the millions: disillu­ issue no. 2, seniors, focuses on problems and sioned young people who never expect to hold jobs opportunities of older workers. retirees seeking . . . bewildered seniors cast adrift by unwanted rewarding fullor part-time jobs seniors who retirement . . . women, minorities, and handi­ do not wish to retire. . . elderly people wtio prefer capped victimized by job discrimination in many to work at h o me . . . and employers who are open forms. yet, millions of job openings go unfilled. to using the skills of workers with long experience . . . all will find useful guidelines in these pages. jobs today, just launched in 1989, is already on its here it all is — from practical tips for workers on way to making a number of dents in this vast resumes (functional, not chronological!) and or people problem. interviews, to detailed reports for employers on the ooking for jobs. in issue no. 1, youth, jean k. elder reports on great methods other companies use to tap this vast labor strides being made by youth 2000, a project of the resource. u.s. office of human development services whose or employers cumulative index by general fields, precise sub­ goals are twofold: providing jobs for every qualified jects, and by people, places, and organizations nterested in tapping teenager . . . and making sure that millions of makes all material add up, issue by issue, to a young people, currently “disconnected” from ources of skilled or unique encyclopedia of otherwise hard-to-find society, are qualified by the year 200q other articles information. rainable workers. discuss wall street, banking, the military and other fields, with practical guidance on preparing for— selected bibliographies identify major sources for and getting—jobs in these areas. detailed information on subjects dealt with in the or government and articles.college and non-college alternatives—using library rivate agencies resources in job hunting; resumes and interviews coming issues w ill focus on em ploym ent oncerned with devel­ that land jobs; holiday employment as preparation problems and opportunities of women, handi­for the real thing—all are typical of the 21 articles capped, minorities, at-home entrepreneurs, and pments in employment. by experts on the firing line of youtti employment. disadvantaged people. ew reference on british literati for vacation planning, dial l-travel . . . for car care, call service for he bloomsbury iconography burglary protection, dial 4-sa fety for a locksmith, call lockman just ask the law firm that owns the phone number. 52 9-9317, how m uch they'd dited by elizabeth p. r ichardson. illus. 384 pages. published take for their combination that spells "lawyers" ask amtrak what value they place y st. ftuil’s bibliographies, winchester, england, 1989. distrib­ on the num ber they advertise nationwide: ' call 1-800-u sa -ra il." ted in n orth a m erica exclusively by o m nigraphics. $84.00 of course, nobody gets such lucky numbers by luck they require planning to take the guesswork out of this im portant planning, ommgraphics offers the world's first his new index brings together and classifies printed portraits, sketches, and photos directory that provides all the guidance one needs to create phonam es that "sell'' t lytton strachey, virginia and leonard woolf. e m faster, roger fry and clive bell, a company, institution, product, service, or idea d others w ho made up london's distinguished bloomsbury people, places, and ings relating to this famous group which flourished in the first third of the century just open p honam es d ictionary and you'll see page after page of num bers— with bloomsbury square, the center of london's cultural activities the w o rds they can spell on any telephone dial over 3 3 ,0 0 0 com binations altogether1 his index to pictures of the group, their families, friends, and terrain will be a useful ference source for researchers in art, photography, crafts and decoration, social istory, and bibliography there are nearly 4 .0 0 0 pictures from som e 4 0 0 sources all items on 60-day approval. honames build goodwill faster 10% discount on standing orders. han any other tool that co sts so little honames dictionary ntroduction by faith and ross eckler. 664 pages. o ver 33,000 ntries. $350.00 ; any of your patrons m ay be passing up millions of dollars w orth of tree adver­ o m nm raff/acs vno. sing even your library m ay be m issing ou t on a valuable goodwill device ut you can now help end this waste w ith this unusual new p honam es d ictionary p enobscot building • d etro it, ml 4 82 26 honam es are a tool you see at work everyday ads on radio and tv. in newspapers fax:313-961-1383 • toll-free phone: 800-234-1340 d magazines, on billboards, in the yellow pages, say . dial butcher for meat a new quarterly journal g f l f i s t f p c o n t e b u t o an th at t re h p t p i e m ti b p an structure bookmarks july/august 1989 / 611 meetings will include official representatives of the italian, spanish, and dominican republic governments who have been intimately involved with preparations for the quincentenary. the special pier 66 room rate for the conference will be $75 per room per night and the registration fee is $190 which includes continental break­fasts, lunch, reception and banquet, and all sup­plementary material. contact: phileas society, 2400 e. las olas blvd., fort lauderdale, fl 33301; (305) 524-3511. deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.25 per line for acrl members, $6.60 for others. late job notices are $12.60 per line for members, $14.70 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their m december5-8—resource management: the office of man­agement services is offering a three and a half day program in scottsdale, arizona, aimed at helping library managers make sound resource decisions. participants explore the actual and po­tential roles of financial management systems in improving organizational performance. fee: $450. contact: see listing for october 3-6.■ ■bock serves 33 academic departments, 11 research centers in the college of agriculture and life sciences, the school of family re­sourc 612 / cirrl news ence preferred. salary starts at $29,578; excellent benefits. send re­sume and 3 references to: lynn e. randall, state law librarian, state law and legislative reference library, state house sta­tion #43, augusta, me 04333.©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©ee©director alexander librarythe struate utnivegrsity oef nerw jersseyrutgers university libraries invite applications and nominations for the position of director, alex­ander library and its branches. the archibald stevens alexander library is the main humanitie associate librarian. the pfau library is seeking a librarian to serve as head of reference. responsible for general reference ser­vices, bibliographic instruction, computerized information service (online searching and cd-rom), selection and management of the reference collection. ala accredited degree and minimum five years in academic library reference work required; second master’s degreein business or science preferred; experience in bibliographic instruction and database searching required. files must july /august 1989 / 613 0 associate director for public servicesmassachusetts institute of technologythis position includes primary responsibility for directing the public services activities of the mit libraries including administration of divisional and branch libraries, information services, literature searching, and services to outside users. along with the director of libraries and three other associate directors (adminis­tration, collection management and technical services, and systems and planning) the incumbent will parti 614 / cirrl news chief bibliographerthe university of alabama(search extended)the university of alabama libraries invite appli­cations for the position of chief bibliographer. this position affords the opportunity to redirect collec­tion management policy and practice in an environ­ment that is conducive to advantageous change. the chief bibliographer reports to the associate dean of libraries for collections and information services and is responsible for planning, imple­menting, monitoring, coordinating, and evaluating th session of an mls from an ala-accredited library school; three years experience in online database searching; experience in coor­dination, management, or development of computer reference ser­vices; knowledge of the latest developments in computer reference service; three years professional reference experience, two of which must be in an academic library; strong interpersonal and communi­cations skills; instructional and in-service training experience such as training searchers in using brs, dialog, and cd university of california, san diego the university librarythe library at the university of california, san diego invites applications for three positions. the university library consists of the central university library, the biomedical and medical center libraries, the undergraduate library, the science and engineering library, the scripps institution of oceanography library, and the graduate school of international relations and pacific studies library. collections total over 1.8 million volumes.head, pub 616 / c&rl news encesto: sharon kimble, search committee, hunter library, west­ern carolina university, cullowhee, nc 28723. preference will be given to applications received by september 1,1989. western caro­lina university is one of the sixteen senior institutions of the university of north carolina and an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ployer. the university is located between the great smoky moun­tains and the blue ridge mountains, 55 miles west of asheville, north carolina.deputy librarian, the university of which are in academic libraries; significant supervisory experience; experience in collection development; demonstrated commitment to public services; demonstrated skills in planning, management, lead­ership, oral and written communication, and interpersonal relations. desired qualifications: additional graduate degree; experience with library automation; knowledge of instructional technology and re­lated services; evidence of commitment to library services through a record of scholarly and/or professional head of catalogingthe university of california, berkeleythe bancroft library at the university of california, berkeley, is one of the largest libraries of manuscripts, rare books, and special collections in the united states. among bancroft’s holdings are the bancroft col­lection, the mark twain papers and project, the regional oral history office, and the university archives. bancroft's holdings include over 400,000 volumes, 54,000,000 manuscripts, 2,300,000 photographs, 67,000 microforms, and 21,000 maps. july /august 1989 / 617 ian. qualifications: successful candidates must have excellent lead­ership, interpersonal, communication, organizational, and manage­rial skills. at least 5 years educational media experience in an academic library preferable. supervisory experience and an alaaccredited mls required. tenure-track, 12-month position with fac­ulty status. minimum salary is $35,000, dependent upon qualifica­tions and experience. send letter of application (noncitizens must include current visa status), resume, and names, add head of the bibliographic control department. principal responsibil­ities include planning, directing, and evaluating the performance of the department in fulfilling its responsibility of bibliographic control for library users and staff; designing and monitoring workflows and allocating and assigning staff within the department; supervising the work assignments, workloads, training, continuing education, and performance of team leaders in the department; participating in the continuing development of the o reference and technical services librariantozzer library harvard universityreporting to the librarian of tozzer library, provides and coordinates reference service at a reference desk and by individual appointment to a diverse group of researchers in anthropology and related fields; develops and coordinates a program of bibliographic instruction; provides referral to relevant collections and services at other libraries; provides bibliographies and other documentation relating to library collec­tions and ser 618 / cirrl news aloging activities; familiarity with national cataloging standards in­cluding lc classification and subject headings, oclc (preferably), national issues facing academic research libraries in bibliographic access and automation. required are an ability to communicate well orally and in writing; good supervisory and problemsolving skills; commitment to high productivity and high quality cataloging in all for­mats. some foreign language background in a western european language is preferred; familiarity with qualifications: master of library science from ala-accredited school; a knowledge of lc classification schedules and subject headings, aacr2, marc formats, and oclc; at least one year’s relevant experience in an academic library cataloging department, a working knowledge of at least one foreign language and some su­pervisory experience. familiarity with authority work and experience with online catalog desirable. should have good communication skills. salary: dependent on qualifications with a $25,000 minim slavic catalogerthe university of california, berkeleyassistant or associate librarian. the library’s catalog department at berkeley is responsible for original cataloging in all languages except chinese, japanese, and korean for the main library and its 23 branches.currently the department seeks a slavic cataloger to perform original cataloging of monographic and microform materials in sciences, technology, humanities, and social sciences in all slavic languages— predominantly russian. the cataloger is res july/august 1989 / 619 review of letters of application and resumes will begin july 31,1989. please include a list of three persons with addresses whom we can contact for references. the university at albany, state university of new york, is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. ap­plications from women, minority persons, handicapped persons, special disabled and vietnam veterans are especially welcome.library/learning center director, university of wisconsin-parkside. the university of wisconsin-parkside, one of 13 this time of unprecedented change in academic libraries, the posi­tion of director offers exciting challenges and opportunities calling for leadership, initiative, and foresight. candidates for the position should have an mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. also required is expertise in key administrative activities such as planning, budgeting, and personnel management; enthusiasm for and commitment to flexibility and creativity in adjusting library re­sources to (uw-parkside's distinctive mis three reference librarian positionsthe university of alabama librariestitle: reference librarian (instructor), business reference librarian (assistant professor), science nd engineering reference librarian (assistant professor).responsibilities: to provide, under the supervision of the head of the reference department, the head f the business library, and the head of the science and engineering library, a full range of services, ncluding development and interpretation of the appropriate reference sources to 620 / cirrl news monographs order librarian. responsibilities manages operations of monographs order department, 8 full-time and sev­eral part-time employees who do pre-order searching, order genera­tion, receipt, and accounting for approximately 30,000 volumes per year. works with selectors representing different subject areas in identifying, ordering, and processing new materials for the collection and with serials and cataloging in coordinating flow of materials and planning for adequate bibliographic access. reports to an ala-accredited master's degree and significant coursework in physical sciences or significant science reference experience. ex­cellent communication skills and strong service orientation essential. $20,500 minimum salary depending on qualifications. excellent benefits package including choice of retirement programs. the uni­versity of houston libraries holdings exceed 1.6 million volumes, with a materials budget of $2.6 million, and a total staff of 175. the library is a member of arl. to ensure consider july /august 1989 / 621 systems, knowledge of cd-rom databases and strong interper­sonal and communication skills. will provide general reference ser­vice, including computerized literature searches, in main university library serving social sciences and humanities disciplines. some evening work required. other duties include reference collection de­velopment, training and supervision of student assistants, library in­struction, and preparation of bibliographies. salary: $18,000. send resume and letters of reference to: patricia a screen committee, ronald williams library, northeastern illinois university, 5500 n. st. louis ave., chicago, il 60625. aa/eoe.reference librarian. provide general reference service in­cluding bibliographic instruction and computer assisted reference. participate in collection development activities of the department. limited night and weekend duty. teach in library science curricu­lum. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls. preferred: de­gree in science area or experience with science reference mate two positions availablepurdue university libraries1) assistant management & economics librarian. requirements: mls (ala-accredited). minimum of 2 years professional reference experience in business or social sciences. desired qualifications: refer­ence experience requiring knowledge of traditional as well as computer-based sources; familiarity with liter­ature of business/economics; some knowledge of government documents; ability to develop information literacy skills via in-class bibliographic instruction 622 / c&rl news brary, 901 s. national, box 175, southwest missouri state uni­versity, springfield, mo 65804-0095. closing date: applications re­ceived by july 17, 1989, will receive first consideration. southwest missouri state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.reference librarian: permanent full-time, tenure-track posi­tion. duties. reference, online searching, bibliographic instruction, collection development, and serving as a library liaison to a teaching department or departments. require $23,000-24,000. science reference librarian (new position). to as­sist in providing reference services in the physical and biological sci­ences, including database searching and b.l. salary $24,000-25,000. all three positions require an mls degree from an ala-accredited school, an undergraduate degree in a science is re­quired also for the science position, one year’s professional refer­ence experience in an academic library, a working knowledge of a modern european language. excellent fringe benefits and f university librarianuniversity of illinois at chicagothe university of illinois at chicago, one of two campuses of the university of illinois, is inviting applica­tions and nominations for the position of university librarian. uic is comprised of 15 colleges with 1800 faculty and serving 25,000 students, 30% of which are graduate and professional students.reporting directly to the vice chancellor for academic affairs, the university librarian is responsible for the leadership and administration of the unive july/august 1989 / 623 adelphi university i part-time temporary reference librarian (fall semester, 1989) libraries i (library faculty appointmenttemporary, non-tenure track)five positions iprovision of reference desk services and other duties as assigned. 12 hours per adelphi university, the oldest private institu­week; minimum salary $13 per hour; tion of higher education on long island, ser­available september 1, 1989; screening ving over 10,000 graduate and undergrad­will begin july 15.uate students, seeks experienced, ener 624 / cbrl news of inquiry or call for complete job description and application pro­cess to: trisha long, administrative secretary, james b. duke li­brary, furman university, greenville, sc 29613; (803) 294-2191. applications must be complete by august 4, 1989.serials cataloging section head, university of califor­nia, santa barbara (search extended). supervises serials section of cataloging department. duties include original cataloging and clas­sification of serials and analytics, revision of contributed cataloging work consideration; applications will be accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references and/or placement bureau address to: dennis r. defa, 328 marriott library, university of utah, salt lake city, ut 84112. the univer­sity of utah is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply.slavic/social sciences catalog librarian (position reopened). the university of arizona is seeking a librarian to pro­vide origi late job listingsassistant university librarian for collection management, northwestern university library. the assistant university librarian for collection development is responsible for all aspects of collection management at northwestern university library (excludes the health sciences and law libraries). these responsibilities include setting and interpreting selection policy, allocating acquisition funds, overseeing the preservation program, planning and budget preparation,and ensuring effective commu july /august 1989 / 625 including training and supervision of authorities assistants, and training and liaison with union catalog participants. assists in development of authority control mechanisms and policies for the university library and the notis system. performs original and complex copy cataloging and classification of monographs in a variety of subjects and languages. cataloging is performed on notis for inclusion in oclc using aacr2, rev., ddc20, and lcsh. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. three years cataloging experi 626 / chrl news 12,000 serials. they serve 800 teaching and research faculty, 15,000 undergraduates, and 1,000 graduate students. the library has 34 professional librarians and 55 support staff. miami university is a highly selective institution, located in oxford, ohio, 35 miles northwest of cincinnati. benefits include blue cross/blue shield, major medical, disability, dental, and term life insurances all paid by the university. public employees retirement system. salary level begins at $23,000. submit letter of applicat july /august 1989 / 627 copy, the cataloging supervisor supervises departmental staff working with lc and other approved copy, participates in reviewing and altering methods of workflow and cataloging policies within the department, and participates in planning related to the libraries’ bibliographic control functions. in addition, the incumbent performs original cataloging of rush material in all western languages and in one specially assigned subject or language area. with the transition to a notis-based catalog, it is anticipat 628 / cirrl news research library. highly developed management, interpersonal communications, and leadership skills. strong commitment to responsive and innovative public service. understanding of the dynamics of large organizations and ability to work effectively in a changing environment. ability to meet university standards of research, publication, and service. preferred: prior experience with circulation services in a large library unit and with an automated circulation system. salary/rank: $40,000 upward, depending on july/august 1989 / 629 departments. the university of new mexico main campus has an enrollment of 24,500 and employs 1,400 faculty and 3,800 staff. the institution serves a multi-cultural state and the student body is one of the most ethnically diverse in the nation. unm offers 54 master’s degrees and 35 doctoral and professional degrees. salary is negotiable from $35,000. this is a twelve-month, tenure-track facvdty position. rank is negotiable from assistant professor. it is assumed that the incumbent in the position will compl 630 / cirrl news weekend duty. may include occasional service at general reference desk. participate in full range of public services activities including computer searching, library instruction, and preparation of library guides. select materials in assigned subject area(s) in addition to u.s. publications. assist with coordinating and maintaining government information in electronic formats. participate in local cataloging of u.s. publications and in planning for their inclusion in an innopac online catalog. may be assign july /august 1989 / 631 librarian for north pacific studies. bibliographic/subject specialist for north pacific studies center, oregon historical society. responsibilities: analyzes subject strengths and needs for collection development; functions as reference liaison librarian between library and the north pacific studies center staff; serves as coordinator of library services to researchers, resident and visiting scholars, and staff. qualifications: library degree; knowledge of cataloging principals; knowledge of and experience 632 / cirrl news august/september or december 1989 for appointment in january 1990). members of minority groups are the focus of this program. the miami university libraries contain over 1.4 million volumes, have an extensive collection of government documents and microforms, and subscribe to over12,000 serials. they serve 800 teaching and research faculty, 15,000 undergraduates, and 1,000 graduate students. the library has 34 professional librarians and 55 support staff. miami university is a highly selective institution, july/august 1989 / 633 department. will also include online and cd-rom database searching in science. required: mls from an ala-accredited institution, academic background in life sciences or experience in science reference, training or experience in online or cd-rom searching, excellent communication skills. preferred: academic degree in science, teaching experience, computer skills. position available august 1, 1989. salary: $22,000—$26,000. application deadline: applications will be accepted until the position is filled, but f 634 / cirrl news received before september 15 will receive first consideration. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three current references to: jessica a. marshall, associate dean, university of the pacific, university libraries, 3601 pacific ave., stockton, ca 95211. uop is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer.serials librarian (reopened). responsibilities: reports to the acquisitions librarian and assists in all aspects of coordinating and integrating serials wi july /august 1989 / 635 responsibility will be overseeing the online public catalog maintenance. qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree, two years cataloging experience; knowledge of lc classification, subject headings, and marc record formats; ability to use oclc and other bibliographic utility. preference will be given to persons who have technical services experience in an academic library, who possess knowledge about online automated systems, and/or microcomputer applications in libraries and who have graduate degrees in re 636 / cirrl news eoe. minorities are encouraged to apply.two positions. collection development librarian. we need an experienced librarian to plan and carry out our collection development program. responsibilities include: establish measures of collection strengths and weaknesses; formulate collection development plans for academic subjects; evaluate changing academic programs for collection impact; reassess ongoing programs for collection needs; serve as liaison to other academic libraries in local consortium in planning c because it offers so many opportunities for service to my library colleagues.“i spent 16 years in an academic library where i experienced firsthand the complexities of serials management, the challenges of collection development and the great demands placed on academic librarians. at ebsco i’ve found a significant way to put that experience to work for our customers.“i’m an account services manager, a position that’s unique to ebsco in the serials subscrip­tion business. it’s my job to see that you get all rowing out ofj tooday's urcurrent developmparticulbarly osf the tgoent needs for helpents cogdnceraninyoun, the elderyg employment, ly, women, and the disabled.subscription rate: $48.00 per year; $15 per issue.in a land of plenty we have by the millions: disillu­issue no. 2, seniors, focuses on problems and sioned young people who never expect to hold jobs opportunities of older workers. retirees seeking . . . bewildered seniors cast adrift by unwanted rewarding fullor part-time jobs seniors who retireme acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries 944 / c&rl news theaf lidcsse dsia positions open access services libr arian , arizona state university, to m anage the current periodicals and m icroforms units o f access services, integrating them into one cohesive unit and providing a high level of service to patrons, this is a continuing appointment track position, requiring professional developm ent and service in addition to excellence on the job, and represents an outstanding opportunity fo r a bright recent mls graduate. the asu libraries are rapidly becoming fully automated and offer a dynam ic environ­ m ent in which to learn and grow. required: ala-accredited mls degree; supervisory potential; management ability; excellent inter­ personal skills; ability to communicate effectively, both orally and in writing; ability to develop new programs, solve problems, and think creatively knowledge of microforms collection and/or current salary guide listed below are the minimum starting sal­ ary figures recommended by 16 state library organizations for professional library posts in these states. job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1988 issue of library journal, the ala survey o f librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, orthe annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacan­ cies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel services. connecticut $22,200 indiana varies* iowa $19,619 kansas $17,500* louisiana $20,000 maine varies* massachusetts $22,000 newham phsire $17,500 new jersey $22,000 new york varies* north carolina $20,832 ohio $20,024 pennsylvania $20,000 rhode island $21,000 vermont $19,000 west virginia $20,000 w isconsin $23,700 ‘ ratherthan establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. d eadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before th e second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., septem ber 2 fo r the o cto­ ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. r ates: classified advertisements are $5.75 per line for acrl members, $7.25 for others. late job notices are $13.75 per line for members, $16.20 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their m em bership status. t elephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a written order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. o rders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). g u id e line s: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary figure. job announce­ ments will be edited to exclude discrim inatory references. appli­ cants should be aware that the term s faculty rank and status v ary in meaning among institutions. jo b lin e : call (312) 944 6795 for late-breaking job ads for academic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the sen/ice is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each tw o-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 fo r non members. fast j o b l is tin g s ervice: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost o f a six-month subscription is $15 fo r ac rl m embers and $20 for non-members. c o n ta c t: classified advertising department, acrl, am eri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795; (312) 944-6780. for sale people counters, for information: 1-800-441-book, library director designed and markets accurate electronic device that will count the people that enter your library with invisible beam, usable anywhere, portable or permanently, $229 includes shipping. full warranty for one year, laser counters, 120 w est walnut st., blytheville, ar 72315. (501) 762-2431. over 500 sold u.s. and canada. materials wanted space problem s? we will buy your surplus serials, technical, scientific and historic materials. send list for best offer to: colfax books, p.o. box 380542, denver, co 80238. november 1989 / 945 periodicals services. preferred: library public service experience successful supervisory experience; knowledge of online public access systems; knowledge of serials control systems; experi­ ence working in a microforms area or periodicals department. salary: $20,500 and up, dependent on qualifications and experi­ ence, to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of libraries, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 88287-1006; (phone 602/ 965-3417). recruitment will remain open until the position is filled, with review of applications beginning december 4,1989. asu is an affirmative action equal opportunity employer. african studies bibliographer, university of california, los angeles. duties: current and retrospective collection develop­ ment relating to africa south of the sahara. collection evaluation and analysis, initiation of individual orders, monitoring of approval plans and budget expenditures, review of gifts and exchanges, and selection of materials for storage or for preservation. works with foreign and domestic book dealers. maintains close contact with faculty, students, and other library selectors. provides advanced reference service when needed and may be called upon to teach a course in research methods in african studies. qualifications required: graduate study (or equivalent) in african studies; sound working knowledge of french; demonstrated commitment to librari anship. ability to work effectively with faculty, students, and library staff. preferred: working knowledge of portuguese, a germanic language, and relevant african languages; practical experience in collection development; record of involvement in professional or scholarly activities. salary: $26,136-$54,060. to apply for this position, send application letter and resume, including names of 3 references who are knowledgeable about applicant's qualifica­ tions for the position, to: rita a. scherrei, associate university librarian, personnel and administrative services, university of california, los angeles, ucla research library, 405 hilgard ave., los angeles, ca 90024-1575. eoe, aa employer actively seeking minority applicants. librarians at ucla are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers (aft). all persons hired required to show proof of their identity and right to work in the u.s. assistant catalog librarian, south dakota state univer­ sity (12 month, tenure track). open april 1, 1990. faculty position responsible for providing bibliographic control of monographic titles, series, and other materials through cataloging and classifica­ tion consistent with aacr2 and lc marc formats; utilizing oclc in the cataloging of materials and inputting of bibliographic records into library’s opac (pals) system; original cataloging when necessary; providing reference service as scheduled. qualifica­ tions: requirements include ala-accredited mls; working knowl­ edge of oclc, aacr2, dewey and lc classifications; demon­ strated ability to communicate effectively; demonstrated effective interpersonal relations skills; one year of professional cataloging experience, reading knowledge of a modern foreign language. desired: one or more years experience in original cataloging or specialized cataloging of non-print materials and second master’s degree. salary range $20,000-$21,500 depending on qualifica­ tions. application deadline: january 15, 1990 or until suitable applicant is hired. send letter of application with resume, tran­ scripts, and have three recent letters of recommendation (which describe applicant’s job related qualifications) sent to: mrs. b.j. kim, h.m. briggs library, box 2115, south dakota state university, brookings, sd 57007. an aa/eeo employer. assistant head, science and engineering division, with faculty rank and tenure track. assist at reference desk (including evening and weekend rotation); in collection develop­ ment, online searching, and bl; serve as liaison to academic departments; coordinate scheduling; participate in hiring, training and evaluation of staff; develop training and continuing education opportunities; assume responsibility for department in absence of head, ala-mls; four years academic library experience with some supervision of students or staff. prefer some background in sciences or engineering reference. good communications skills and ability to work well with people are essential. other relevant experience may include bl, collection development, or working with electronic formats. good fringe benefits. tiaa-cref. salary: $25,000 minimum for 12 months. salary and rank dependent upon qualifications and experience. for full consideration, applications should be received by december 4, 1989. applications will personnel officer stanford university libraries assistant library personnel off icer for staff training and development under the general direction of the library personnel officer, plans, schedules, pro­ motes and evaluates staff training and de­ velopment, continuing education and ori­ entation activities; trains staff in personne and information management-related ac­ tivities; assesses training needs and devel­ ops workshops to meet those needs; ad ministers travel and tuition reimbursemen programs; oversees the performance! appraisal process. serves as career devel­ opment counselof. carries other library personnel office responsibilities such as. resolving employee relation problems serves on university and library commit­ tees as appropriate. degreein personnel administration ormls is highly desirable. this position requires, experience with staff development, train­ ing and personnel management programs demonstrated skill in supervision; demon­ strated ability to plan, organize, gather and analyze data and to write reports; effective; interpersonal, oral and written communica tion skiiis. administrative services manager i or as­ sociate librarian ($30,864-$43,100) de­ pending upon qualifications. send letter, resume, supporting documen­ tation and the names and addresses of three references by december 15,1989 to: iren e yeh, a cting l ib ra ry p ers o n n e l o f­ ficer, stanford u niversity libraries, stan­ fo rd , c a 9 4 3 0 5-60 04 . cite #916-crl on all correspondence. full vacancy listing available upon request. eoe/aae. stanford university 946 / cirrl news two positions penn state university penn state invites applications for the following faculty positions at the university park campus. head, earth and mineral sciences library. responsible to the chief, science and technology department, for administration and services to the earth and mineral sciences library, and for participation in planning, instruction, development of collections and online database searching. collections include approximately 100,000 volumes, 1,500 current periodical and serial subscriptions, and 3,000 geological maps, as well as publications of the u.s. bureau of mines and the u.s. geological survey and a notable collection in meteorology. the library supports instruction and research in the nationally prominent college of earth and mineral sciences and related areas of study. qualifications: requires ala-accredited mls, or equivalent, plus significant experience in a large academic or special library, demonstrated knowledge of resources in relevant fields and educational background in an appropriate subject area. additional advanced degree desirable. earth and mineral sciences reference/cataloger and business flefere/ice/cafafoger. opportunities for two creative, flexible individuals who share our enthusiasm forthe concept of integrated public and technical service functions. public service duties, in either the earth and mineral sciences library or the general reference section of the main library, include reference, library instruction, electronic information retrieval and collection development, with special focus on either geographic information services or business reference and business electronic resource collections. technical services responsibilities include original cataloging, acting as liaison between public and technical service staff in matters of bibliographic control, and establishment of bibliographic policies and priorities for assigned subject fields. qualifications: requires ala-accredited mls, or equivalent, and some combination of the following: academic background related to the special focus of the position, specialized reference experience in an appropriate discipline, working knowledge of large datafiles, strong instructional skills, knowledge of aacr2 and marc tagging, and experience working with a national utility or local automated system in the cataloging of library materials. evidence of potential for promotion and tenure will be considered. the university libraries include collections of over 3 million volumes, 25,000 current serials and extensive holdings of documents, maps, archival materials, microforms and computer-based information resources. serving nearly 70,000 students and approximately 4,000 faculty at all locations, the libraries have an integrated, automated system (lias) and participate in arl, rlg, oclc and the pittsburgh regional library center. compensation: each position offers a competitive salary commensurate with experience and rank at appointment. benefits include liberal vacation, excellent insurances, state or tiaa/cref retirement options, and educational privileges. to apply, send letterspecifying position for which you are applying, current resume, and names of three references to: nancy slaybaugh personnel c oordinator box ems-acrl e1 pattee library penn state university u niversity park, pa 16802 applications will be reviewed beginning december 15 and continuing until the positions are filled. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer; women and minorities are encouraged to apply. continue to be considered until position is filled. send letter, resume and names of three references to: sheila g. johnson, assistant university librarian for reference, instruction, and col­ lections, edmon low library, oklahoma state university, stillwa­ ter, ok 74078-0375. aa/eo employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply. successful applicant must comply with irca. au dio -visu al librarian, the university of the west indies. applications are invited for the post o f audio-visual librarian (at the level o f librarian ill/assistant librarian) in the university librar­ ies for assignment to the medical sciences library, eric w illiams november 1989 / 947 two positions kent state university the kent state libraries and media services seek applicants for two professional positions. the university libraries hold membership in the association of research libraries, the center for research libraries, and neomarl, a consortium often academic and research libraries in northeastern ohio. the libraries have fully implemented the notis online system in the main and five branch libraries on the kent campus and have a combined collection of over 1.6 million volumes and 7,500 active serial titles. head, bibliographic services. duties: responsible for coordinating, analyzing and reporting on all activity related to both original and copy cataloging, processing, authority control and database mainte­ nance. provides administrative and supervisory support for a staff which includes 3 faculty department heads and 15 civil service employees. represent bibliographic services to other library areas. assist in the development of library goals, policies and programs. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls, extensive professional experience in technical service with direct experience in automated systems, preferably notis. the successful candidate should also have significant supervisory experience. this is a 12-month tenure-track faculty position. the incumbent will be expected to meet all departmental and university requirements for reappointment, tenure and promotion. initial salary and academic rank will be commensurate with background and experience. minimum salary: $32,000. reference librarian. duties: participate in all aspects of reference service including service at the reference desk, online/cd-rom database searching and bibliographic instruction. provide reference service for specific subject areas as needed and assist in assessing and improving current service as well as planning and implementing new service initiatives. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls, effective interpersonal and communication skills; flexibility and initiative; and an interest in professional growth. desirable: reference experience in an academic or research library preferably including online searching and/orbibliographicinstruction,strongpublicserviceorientation. asubject background and/or advanced degree in the humanities is desirable. this is a 12-month tenure-track faculty position. the incumbent will beexpected to meet all departmental and university requirements for reappointment, tenure and promotion. initial salary and academic rank will be commensurate with background and experience. minimum salary: $22,000. university benefits: these are twelve-month tenure-track faculty positions. benefits include 20 days vacation per year; life, dental and health insurance with an hmo option; support for professional development; and other university benefits. kent state university is comprised of a residential main campus, located on 1,200 rolling acres in the city of kent, and seven regional campuses in northeastern ohio. kent, population 30,000, is located within easy access of both rural and large metropolitan areas, approximately 35 miles south of cleveland and 11 miles east of akron. application procedure: to be considered for either position, please send a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to: harry kamens budget & personnel officer university libraries and media services kent state university kent, oh 44242 deadline for applications is december 15, 1989. kent state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. medical sciences complex, mount hope. a good first degree (preferably in the biological/biomedical sciences) and a profes­ sional qualification in library/information science required. expe­ rience in audio-visual services, including acquisition and catalogu­ ing of audio-visual materials, and knowledge of audio-visual equip­ ment essential. experience in academic and research-oriented libraries would be an advantage. annual salary ranges: librarian iii: tt$54,708-$77,604; assistant librarian: tt$45,480-$49,296. pension, passages, housing. detailed applications naming three references (as soon as possible) to: registrar, the u nive rsity o f the w est indies, st. augustine, trinidad, w.l. further particulars sent to all applicants. bibliographer/reference librarians, two positions. the suny-binghamton library system is composed of the glenn g. bartle library, serving the social sciences and humanities and housing the centralized technical services operation, the science library, the fine arts library and three residential college libraries. 948 / c&rl news the university is a m em ber of rlg. the bartle reference d epart­ m ent provides service to the university com m unity through direct patron assistance at the reference and governm ent docum ents desks, database searching and patron instruction. the departm ent staff are providers of inform ation and research services, collection d evelopm ent for the social sciences and humanities, and as appropriate, service to the wider com m unity. bibliographer for sociology, p olitical science, a fro-am erican a n d african studies a nd reference librarian. p rovides collection developm ent for sociology (which includes the developm ent of world historical social system s), political science, and afro-am erican and african studies, and reference services at the reference desk, online searching, and patron instruction. reports to head of reference/ c oordinator of bartle collections. requirem ents: a la-accredited mls, a m ajor foreign language, experience with online database searching, effective interpersonal skills and a strong com m itm ent to service and professional developm ent. second advanced de­ gree with em phasis in social, political, or econom ic history and relevance to afro-am erican and african studies and academ ic library experience is preferred. bibliographer fo r m anagem ent and econom ics a nd r eference librarian. provides collection developihiiiiii! regional marketing representative oclc online computer library center, inc., the world's largest provider of automated li­ brary services and products, has an immediate opening for a regional marketing representa­ tive stationed in california. positions also avail­ able in the southwesi, midwest and eastern areas. responsibilities include sales-related activities for all oclc products and services. this em­ ployee will execute sales programs, designed to realize territory sales goals, develop and ex­ ecute monthly and quarterly territory sales plans, direct continuous support for existing customers and establish positive professional relationships with potential customers. qualified candidates must have an mls, a min­ imum of 3 years’ experience with library auto­ mation or an equivalent education/experience combination. demonstrated proficiency with marketing principles, sales techniques, com­ munication skills, leadership, library automa­ tion applications and network operations re­ quired. extensive travel also required. oclc offers excellent benefits, base salary plus incentive sales pay. for confidential con­ sideration please send your resume and letter of application to oclc pacific network, 250 west first street, suite 330, claremont, ca 91711. o c l c online c om puter library center, inc. an equal opportunity e m ployer m/f m ent for m anagem ent and econom ics, and reference services at the reference desk, online searching, and patron instruction. re­ ports to head of r eference/c oordinator o f bartle collections. requirem ents: a la -accredited mls, a m ajor foreign language, experience with online database searching, effective interpersonal skills and a strong com m itm ent to service and professional devel­ opm ent are required. second advanced degree relevant to the position and academ ic library experience is preferred. screening for both positions will begin on d ecem ber 1 ,1989, and will continue until positions filled. a ppointm ent will be at the rank of a ssistant or s enior a ssistant librarian depending on qualifications and experi­ ence. minim um starting salary is $22,000, com m ensurate with qualifications, plus excellent fringe benefits, including tiaa/cref. send cover letter, current resum e, and nam es, addresses, and telephone num bers of three references to: m ary ann sincavage, a ssistant to th e d irector for personnel adm inistration, state uni­ ve rs ity o f new york at bingham ton, glenn g. bartle library, bingham ton, ny 13901. the state university of new york at bingham ton is strongly com m itted to affirm ative action. w e offer access to services and recruit students and em ployees without regard to race, color, sex, religion, age, disability, m arital status, sexual orientation, or national origin. biological sciences librarian, university o f california, irvine. s hares responsibility for reference desk assistance, data­ base searching and bibliographic instruction (includes som e eve­ ning and w eekend hours). shares responsibility for liaison and collection developm ent with another biological sciences librarian. a cts as liaison to the school of biological sciences (specifically the d epartm ent of d evelopm ental and cell biology and the d epart­ m ent o f m olecular biology). required: ala-accredited mls de ­ gree; degree in biological s ciences o r relevant experience; expe­ rience with online database searching; dem onstrated com m itm ent to public service; excellent com m unication skills; basic com puter literacy; ability to w ork with all elem ents on a culturally diverse academ ic com m unity. a ppointm ent at a ssistant or associate li­ brarian rank, salary $26,136-$46,020. a pplications received by o ctober 31, 1989, will receive first consideration, but will be accepted until the position is filled. send application le tter with 1) a com plete statem ent of qualifications; 2) resum e o f education and experience; and 3) the nam es, addresses, and telephone num bers of three references to: a nne rim mer, library personnel office, university o f c alifornia, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. telephone: (714) 856-7115. aa/eo e. catalog librarian. pull-time, tenure-track faculty position available february 1990. r esponsibilities: o riginal c ataloging and revising o f o clc records edited by departm ent staff for av and curriculum m aterials as well as books and serials in assigned areas of the lc classification schedules fo r the library's online catalog. q ualifications: a la -accredited mls required, second m aster's preferred and required for tenure. m inim um one year relevant cataloging experience required. m inim um salary, $27,900 instructor; $30,960 a ssistant professor. review begins d ecem ber 4 and will continue until position is filled. send letter of application, resum e, and the nam es, addresses, and phone num bers of three references to: g eorgine brabec, c hairperson, catalog librarian search and screen c om m ittee, ronald w illiam s library, north­ eastern illin o is u niversity, 5500 n. st. louis ave., chicago, il 60625. aa/eo e. cataloger, central state u niversity library, ohio. principal cataloger, using oclc, aacr2, and lc classification. performs som e original cataloging, m aintains subject and shelflist catalogs. som e evening and w eekend w ork required. q ualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school, cataloging experience with m onographs, serials, non-print m aterials in an academ ic library; know ledge o f aacr2, ala filing rules, lc cla ssification, marc form ats, lc subject headings. w orking know ledge o f g erman or french. som e know ledge of library autom ation system s desirable. faculty rank, status, good benefits. salary: $23,500-$25,000/ten m onths. library collection: 160,000 volum es plus 275,000 pieces m icroform . state-assisted historically black institution with an integrated student body of 3,000, located 20 m iles east of dayton. m em ber o clc and o h io net . position available im m ediately. send le tter of application, resum e, and three le tters of reference to: george t. johnson, library director, central state u niversity, w ilberforce, oh 45384. aa/eo e. cataloger (serials). duties: under th e direction o f the c ata­ november 19891949 loging coordinator, this position is responsible for the original cataloging, complete copy cataloging, and classification of all serials, both current and retrospective, using lc classification and practices, lcsh, oclc and a local automated cataloging system. the serials cataloger will perform bibliographic maintenance of serial records on the online catalog (pac), resolve problems, supervise the clerical support of a small part-time staff, and serve on the bibliographic issues committee at carl. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of marc formats, aacr2, lc classification, lcsh; familiarity with an online biblio­ graphic utility and ibm-compatible microcomputers. ability to function well in a changing environment, to work effectively with library staff, and to contribute to departmental planning. preferred: serials cataloging experience in an automated academic library: working knowledge of at least one western european language. salary: $21,700 with liberal fringe benefits. submit letter of applica­ tion with resume to: director’s office, penrose library, u niversity of denver, post office box 10600, denver, co 80210. chief, catalog department, penn state university librar­ ies. academic administrative position responsible for programs of original cataloging, bibliographic and physical processing as well as decentralized cataloging operations. participates in library-wide planning and development of policies on matters of bibliographic control, collection management and preservation, as part of the newly formed information access services division, the depart­ ment catalogs approximately 60,000 titles per year, and serves the university park campus, penn state erie and harrisburg, and the dispersed campuses of the commonwealth dducational system. qualifications: requires ala-accredited mls, or equivalent, and a minimum of five years experience in an academic or research library, including significant administrative and cataloging responsi­ bilities. familiarity with integrated online library systems essential; excellent analytical, planning and communication skills. additional advanced degree desirable. the libraries include collections of over 3 million volumes, 25,000 current serials and extensive hold­ ings of documents, maps, archival materials, microforms and com­ puter-based information resources. serving nearly 70,000 students and approximately 4,000 faculty at all locations, the libraries have an integrated, automated system (lias) and participate in arl, rlg, oclc and the pittsburgh regional library center. salary and academic rank dependent on qualifications, minimum $40,000. benefits include liberal vacation, excellent insurances, state or tiaa/cref retirement options and educational privilege. to apply, send letter of application, current resume and names of three references to: chief, catalog department search committee, box cc-acrl, penn state u niversity, e1 pattee library, university park, pa 16802. applications will be reviewed beginning december 15 and continuing until the position is filled. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer; women and minorities are encouraged to apply. c o o r d in a to r of c o m pu ter a s s is t e d se a r ch services (cass), texas tech university libraries. duties: re­ sponsible for coordination of computer assisted search services activities under the direction of the head of reference and docu­ ments. participate in the planning and development of all reference online services, including mediated and end-user instruction, and catalog librarian/serials trinity university trinity university, san antonio, texas, invites applications for the position of catalog librarian/serials, a faculty appointment. san antonio, site of the ala 1988 and 1992 midwinter meetings, is the nation’s ninth largest city. trinity, with 2,400 undergraduates and 200 graduate students, is strongly committed to excellence in support of the liberal arts and sciences tradition. scholarly achievement is recognized through phi beta kappa, other national honor societies, and emphasis on undergraduate research. selective admissions, highly qualified faculty, and outstanding teaching programs place trinity among the excellent liberal arts and science universities in the nation. the library has undertaken an accelerated program of collection development; presently the collection has more than 650,000 volumes of books and bound periodicals (compared with 300,000 in 1980), plus sizable holding of government documents, microforms, and non-print items. primary responsibilities include cataloging of all serials titles, and cataloging monographs in oneforeign language, either french, russian, or german. responsible for supervising one classified staff member in processing serials. opportunities for collection development and other public services assignments may be included. required qualifications include the mls from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of aacr2, particularly as related to serials; knowledge of library of congress classification system and subject headings; reading knowledge of at least one of the foreign languages specified above; familiarity with oclc or other automated systems; initiative, creativity, and strong communications skills; and the ability to function effectively in a complex organization. desirable qualifications include experience in serials acquisitions or serials cataloging in an academic library, and an additional graduate degree. instructor or assistant professor rank with tenure track. salary minimum $22,000; higher depending on experience or otherqualifications; twelve-month appointment; tiaa/cref and other fringe benefits. send letter of application, detailed resume, placement file if available, and names of three references by december 15,1989, to: richard hume working, director of libraries, trinity university, 715 stadium drive, san antonio, tx 78212, for consideration for interview at ala midwinter. closing date for applications is january 19,1990. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. position available june 1,1990, or as soon thereafter as possible. 950 / c irrl news stanford university libraries chief librarians (two positions) fo r automated bibliographic control (abc) dept., original & special materials cataloging (omc) dept. the stanford university libraries seek two broadly experienced, flexible managers with strong interpersonal skills and technical expertise in bibliographic structure and access to take charge of its system-wide cataloging functions. the successful applicants will function comfortably as part of a dynamic, diverse, highly interactive technical services group that supports collection development, and instructional re­ search activities of 13 campus libraries. the chiefs will serve as senior library officers, contributing to general library-wide planning and playing a key role in shaping and coordinating major on-line and organizational changes within these newly formed departments. the chief of automated bibliographic control dept, will be responsible for the creation and management of an on-line catalog database in an integrated library system environment. on a day-to-day basis, she or he will provide leadership for ap­ proximately 30 fte (including 6 professional librarians) divided into search & distri­ bution, copy cataloging, catalog management, and retrospective conversion sections. the chief of the original and special materials cataloging dept, will be responsible for guiding polic es and processes to achieve appropriate levels of bibliographic access to meet local and national needs. on a day-to-day basis, heor she will provide leadership for a p oroximately 30 fte (including 19 professional librarians) providing original and variant edition cataloging within the following departmental sections: language & literature, humanities & sciences, music cataloging, and special col­ lections cataloging. we invite applications from individuals who can demonstrate significant experience in providing bibliographic access to a wide range of library materia s, who have dem­ onstrated the ability to lead a major library unit in a positive and productive fashion, who are thoroughly informed of the latest automation trends and developments, and have strong experience in one of the major automated library systems. we are especially interested in individuals who have shown clear awareness of the impact of cataloging activities on both local and national library programs, and who can clearly demonstrate a personal commitment to the principals of affirmative action and the ability to contribute personally to a diverse, multicultural workplace. appointment will be at the librarian/senior librarian rank ($35,230 $60,000) de­ pendent upon years of applicable experience and level of bibliographic and manage­ ment experience, send letter of application, resume and names of :hree professional references by december 1,1989 to: irene yeh, acting library personnel officer, stanford university libraries, stanford, ca 94305-6004. cite #913/914-crl on all correspondence. please note that all applications will be considered for both positions. full vacancy listings available upon request. eoe/aae. stanford university november 1989/951 promotional activities associated with cass. provide reference services to students, faculty, and other patrons. participates in collection development, faculty liaison, and user instruction pro­ grams, as assigned. requirements: ala-accredited master of library science degree. a minimum of two years experience in an academic library, including online searching of dialog and/or brs. degree or substantial course work in science area is pre­ ferred. supervisory experience preferred. ability to work confi­ dently and creatively with microcomputers and software. strong oral and written communication skills. commitment to the provi­ sion of quality reference service, using technology to enhance that service whenever possible. salary and benefits: salary is a mini­ mum of $24,000, based on experience and qualifications, for a 12 month appointment. excellent benefits package; 88% of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement programs including tiaa-cref; 14 state holidays; no state or local income tax. general information: texas tech university, one of five comprehensive state universities in texas, has an enrollment of 25,000. graduate offerings include 61 doctoral programs, and there are schools of law and medicine. the university is located in lubbock, (metropolitan population of 224,000), a center for higher education, agriculture, health care, banking, and business. lo­ cated in the texas high plains, lubbock enjoys a temperate climate with 270 days of sunshine annually. the library has 1.1 million volumes and a materials budget of $2.2 million. planning for an online catalog is underway. application: applications received by november 31,1989, will be given first consideration. position is available january 1,1990. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to : e. dale cluff, director of libraries, texas tech university, lubbock, tx 79409. texas tech university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. curator, history of science collections with joint appointment to faculty in the history of science department. duties: the curator, history of science collections, university libraries is responsible to the dean of university libraries for the management, development, and security of the history of science head of the bibliographic control department texas tech university texas tech university is seeking candidates for head of the bibliographic control department, a key managerial position. reporting to the associate director of libraries for information access and systems, the head of bibliographic control directs 15 fte staff (4.5 professionals) in monographic and serials cata­ loging. the department processes 28,000 items per year, and within the next 18 months will participate in implementation of an integrated online catalog system. the head of the bibliographic control department participates in library-wide planning as a member of the administrative council. responsibilities include: directing all aspects of personnel management in the bibliographic control department, including staffing, supervision, evaluation and professional growth of staff; guiding staff in the performance of cataloging and classification duties, including authority work and catalog/database input and maintenance; interpreting difficult cataloging rules, and formulating policies in accordance with accepted standards; participating in collection development as a liaison to an academic department (optional). qualifications forthe position: ala-accredited master of library science degree; minimum of five years library of congress cataloging experience; working knowledge of aacr2 rules, marc formats, library of congress classification, subject analysis and rule interpretations; minimum of three years successful supervisory experience; experience with oclc or other major bibliographic utility; working knowledge of foreign language(s); demonstrated skills in personnel management, leadership, and staff motivation. minimum salary of $33,000, based on experience and qualifications. excellent benefits package; 88% of employee portion of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement programs, including tiaa-cref; no state or local income tax. texas tech university, one of five comprehensive state universities in texas, has an enrollment of 25,000. graduate offerings include 61 doctoral programs, and there are schools of law and medicine. the university is located in lubbock (metropolitan population 224,000), a center for higher education, agriculture, health care, banking, and business. located on the texas high plains, lubbock enjoys a temperate climate with 270 days of sunshine annually. the library has 1.1 million volumes and a materials budget of 2.2 million. applications received by november 30,1989, will be given first consideration. position is available january 1,1990. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: e. dale cluff director of libraries texastech university lubbock, tx 79409 texastech university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 952 / c &rl news collections. the curator will participate in planning, implementing, and evaluating programs for collection development, reference sen/ice, research, and financial support. the curator will also be appointed to an appropriate faculty rank in the department of the history of science, in the college of arts and sciences. this position is governed by the university's policies for teaching, research or creative achievement, and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifications: required: phd in history o f science or a related discipline, or equivalent experience; experience in special collection development; substantial man­ agement level experience; ability to work effectively with library faculty, staff and patrons; effective oral and written communication skills; record of scholarship sufficient to qualify for faculty appoint­ ment in the university libraries and the history of science depart­ ment. desirable: mls from and ala-accredited library school. proficiency in one or more foreign languages relevant to the history of science discipline. first screening date: january 5 ,1990. avail­ able: july 1, 1990. search will remain open until filled. rank and salary: assistant professor $28,966 (12-month minimum), associ­ ate professor $32,755 {12-month minimum), full professor $37,766 (12 month minimum). benefits: tiaa/cref; state retire­ ment system; comprehensive medical protection; group life insur­ ance; 21 days vacation; university holidays; generous sick leave. history of science collections: the history o f science collections contain more than 77,000 volumes supporting research and teach­ ing programs in the history of science. the collections include numerous rare editions by the world’s forem ost scientists. the collections staff, under the direction of the curator, has one faculty librarian position, two classified staff positions, and a number of student assistants. university libraries: a member of the research libraries group and arl, the university library consists o f a main library and six branches. the collection contains more than 2.2 million volumes, 16,000 periodical subscriptions, and three out­ standing special collections in history of science, western history, and business history. a major expansion of the main library was completed in may 1982, doubling the size o f library facilities. the director of libraries the university of western ontario invites applications and nominations for the position of director of libraries. the university libraries comprise one of the largest university library systems in canada, with a collection of 1.9 million catalogued volumes and more than 2.6 million items in other formats. the system provides support for a broad range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional pro­ grams through a central and six divisional and professional libraries. the libraries have a staff of 306 and an annual budget of $13 million. a new sciences library of 66,000 gsf will be opened in 1991. the director of libraries is responsible for the management and development of the collec­ tions; the provision of library services; the management of the library budgets and allocation of resources; the continued development of automated management and other computer-based in­ formation systems; the direction and development of staff; the planning of future library services; and the libraries’ participation in regional, national, and iiiiemaiiunai uuupeiaiive efforts. the director of libraries reports to the assistant vice-president (academic services), and is an ex­ officio member of the university senate. applicants must have a professional qualification in librarianship. advanced degrees in librarianship or other acadlemic disciplines, or additional professional qualifications, would be desirable. the successful candidate will have a thorough familiarity with the operation of a modern academic research library; strong leadership and management skills at a senior administrative level and in a collegial environment; and a demonstrated ability to represent the libraries persua­ sively within the university and externally. a firm grasp of the issues facing academic libraries and the trends that affect them is essential. the director of libraries is appointed for a renewable term of five years, and will have a continuing appointment as a librarian. an academic appointment may be negotiated with qualified candidates. salary is presently under review. to be assured of full consideration, nominations and applications (including vitae and the names of three referees) should be submitted by november 30,1989, to: dr. t.j. collins, provost and vice-president chairman of the search committee room 1 07 , stevenson-lawson building the university ol western ontario london, ontario n6a 5b8 the university of western ontario offers equal employment opportunities to qualified male and female applicants. in accordance with canadian immigration requirements, this advertisement is directed to canadian citizens and permanent residents of canada. november 1989 / 953 b stat i e n un g ive h rsit a y o m f ne t w o yo n rk t w o p o s itio n s the state university of new york at binghamton, one of the four comprehensive doctoral-granting university centers of the 64 campus system, seeks applications and nominations for assistant director for information and research services and head, science library. the suny-binghamton library system is composed of the glenn g. bartle library, serving the social sciences and humanities and housing the centralized technical services operation, the science library, the fine arts library and three residential college libraries. the university is a member of rlg. assistant director for information and research services. provides leadership for the collection development, management, and preservation, and the reference/information services of the library system. the assistant director represents the libraries to appropriate divisions in rlg. the head of bartle refer­ ence services and collections, the head of the science library, the head of special collections and fine arts, and the head of the curriculum library report to the assistant director. the assistant director reports to the director of libraries and serves as a member of the director’s council. there are currently 28.75 fte staff, which includes 14.5 fte library faculty in the division. the collections budget is $2,840,000. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program with an additional graduate degree in a subject field; minimum of five years of increasingly responsible experience in reference/information services and collection development in a college or university library including supervision of librarians; demonstrated leadership, human relations skills and successful supervisory experience; effective analytical, communica­ tion (oral and written) and administrative skills as well as competence in the tools, techniques and processes of current scholarly research and communication; experience with online catalogs and library automation applications to reference and research services and for planning; active participation in professional service organizations. appointment will be at the rank of senior assistant or associate librarian. minimum starting salary is $40,000, commensurate with qualifications, plus excellent fringe benefits, including tiaa/cref. head, science library. a key management position in the university libraries. primary responsibility is for planning and day-to-day management of science library services in close consultation with the faculty and students who are the primary users of the science library— the arts & sciences departments in the science and mathematics division, the school of nursing, and the watson school of engineering— and with appropriate staff in the libraries. requires strong interaction with other library functional units to assure smooth operation of services. the head is responsible forthe development and management of the science library collections in consultation with the faculty and library staff. there are currently 10 fte staff which include 2 library faculty in the science library. this position reports to the assistant directorfor information and research services. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program, advanced degree in a science subject area or equivalent combination of education and experience; 3-5 years' experience in an academic, research or special library, demonstrated leadership and human relations skills and successful supervisory experience, including evaluation, of full-time staff; experience with online catalogs and database searching; effective analytical, communication (oral and written) and administrative skills as well as competence in the tools, techniques and processes of current scholarly research and communication in the sciences; a commitment to scholarship and on-going professional development. appointment will be at the rank of senior assistant or associate librarian depending on qualifications and experience. minimum starting salary is $35,000, commensurate with qualifications, plus excellent fringe benefits, including tiaa/cref. screening for both positions will begin on december 1,1989, and will continue until filled. send cover letter, current resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: mary ann sincavage assistant to the director for personnel administration state university o f new york at binghamton glenn g. bartle library binghamton, ny 13901 the state university of new york at binghamton is strongly committed to affirmative action. we offer access to services and recruit students and employees without regard to race, color, sex, religion, age, disability, marital status, sexual orientation, or national origin. 954/cis-rl news libraries possess an ls2 automated circulation system and is implementing the notis library system. application: send letter of application with resume and the names of three references in­ cluding current supervisor to: donald c. hudson, manager, adm in­ istrative services, university libraries, u n iv e rs ity o f o klahom a, norman, ok 73019. university of oklahoma is an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. curriculum libr arian /biblio g r apher for the school of education and human development. the suny-binghamton li­ brary system is composed of the glenn g. bartle library, serving the social sciences and humanities and housing the centralized technical services operation, the science library, the fine arts library and three residential college libraries. the university is a member of rlg. the curriculum library, a new service center, is being established to serve the graduate programs in the school of education and human development. the focus of the collection will be textbooks, curriculum guides, manipulatives, video tapes and software. the collection and services will be housed within the main library. the person in the position will be responsible for information services, collection developm ent and cataloging of materials for the curriculum library and for the supervision o f the staff to include one clerical staff person and two graduate assis­ tants. the incumbent will also serve as bibliographer for the school of education and human development. the position reports to the assistant director for information and research services. re­ quirements: mls from an ala-accredited program. master’s in education/teaching preferred and experience in k-12 teaching; knowledge o f textbooks and curriculum materials and skill in selection and evaluation of this material; cataloging experience using aacr2 and library of congress subject headings and classifications; management and supervisory skills and experi­ ence; effective communication skills both oral and written; compe­ tence in the tools, techniques and processes of current scholarly research and communication in education; a commitment to schol­ arship and on-going professional development. screening will begin on december 1,1989, and will continue until position is filled. a ppointm ent will be at the rank of senior assistant librarian. minimum starting salary is $26,000, commensurate with qualifica­ tions, plus excellent fringe benefits, including tiaa/cref. send cover letter, current resume, and names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of three references to: mary ann sincavage, assistant to the director for personnel administration, state u ni­ v e rs ity o f new y ork at b in g h a m to n , glenn g, bartle library, binghamton, ny 13901. the state university of new york at binghamton is strongly committed to affirmative action. we offer access to services and recruit students and employees without regard to race, color, sex, religion, age, disability, marital status, sexual orientation, or national origin. east asian librarian, university o f california, irvine. shares responsibility for reference desk assistance, database searching, and bibliographic instruction (includes some evening and weekend hours). acts as liaison with the new department of east asian language and literature. shares collection developm ent/m anage­ ment, with social responsibility to support east asian studies. r equired: ala-accredited mls degree; degree in on or more areas of east asian studies (chinese or japanese); demonstrated chi­ nese language skills; 5 years post-mls professional experience in an academic/research library; demonstrated commitment to public service; excellent communication skills; basic computer literacy; ability to work with all elements o f a culturally-diverse academic community. appointment at associate librarian or librarian rank, salary $31,944 $59,556. applications received by november 30, 1989, will receive first consideration, but will be accepted until the position is filled. send application letter with 1) a complete state­ ment of qualifications; 2) resume o f education and experience; and 3) the names, address, and telephone numbers of three references to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, u n iv e rs ity o f c a lifo r­ nia, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. telephone: (714) 856-7115. aa/eoe. german lang uag e cataloger, assistant/associate li­ brarian, temporary professional position at berkeley. the library’s catalog department is responsible for original cataloging of mono­ graphs, audio-visual media and other datafiles in all languages except chinese, japanese and korean for the main library and its 23 branches. currently, the library seeks a german language cataloger to perform original cataloging and classification of g er­ man language materials in the humanities and social sciences. the cataloger keys records, establishes headings, and prepares authority records on gladis, the library’s automated processing system and catalog, required: mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent; familiarity with aacr2, marc form at for bibliographic data, and knowledge of lc descriptive and subject cataloging rules. fluency in german is required; knowledge of one other western language, preferably spanish, is desirable. experi­ ence with original cataloging and automated bibliographic data­ bases, such as oclc and rlin, is desirable. rank and salary ($27,360-$35,026/year) based on qualifications. position avail­ able january 1, 1990. closing date fo r application: november 15, 1989. apply in writing, including with your letter a statement of qualifications, resume of education and experience, and the names and addresses of 3 references. apply to: janice burrows, director-library human resources department, the library, room 447, u n iv e rs ity of c alifo rn ia , b erkeley, ca 94720. the univer­ sity of california is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. government documents reference lib r a ria n , a ri­ zona state university, with additional responsibility for the collec­ tion development of local arizona and intergovernmental docu­ ments and maintenance of the reference collection. this is a continuing appointment-track position, requiring professional de­ velopment and service in addition to excellence on the job, and represents an outstanding opportunity fo r a bright recent mls graduate. the asu libraries are rapidly becoming fully automated and offer a dynamic environm ent in which to learn and grow. required: ala-accredited mls degree; experience or coursework in federal government publications demonstrated interest in public service and professional self-development strong interpersonal and communication skills aptitude for instruction and orientation. preferred: experience or coursework in the governm ent publica­ tions training in or experience with online databases; general reference experience, preferably in an academic or research librar­ ian bibliographic instruction experience. salary: $20,000 and up, dependent on qualifications and experience. to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers o f four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of libraries, hayden, library, a rizo n a s tate u n ive rsity, tempe, a z 85287-1006 (phone 602/965-3417). recruitment will remain open until the position is filled, with review of applications beginning december 4, 1989. asu is an affirmative-action, equal opportunity employer. head, copy cataloging unit, central technical services, monographs processing division, university o f minnesota librar­ ies, twin cities. responsibilities: manages the copy cataloging unit within the monographs processing division of central techni­ cal services. the unit consists of 11 paraprofessionals plus students who are responsible for cataloging non-serial items with copy for the humanities/social sciences and institute o f technol­ ogy libraries. supervises, trains, and evaluates staff; develops and docum ents procedures; monitors workflow; im plements divi­ sion policy; and acts as liaison with other library units concerning copy cataloging. in addition, contributions to the profession are a responsibility of all librarians a t the university o f minnesota. re­ quired qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; two years of professional cataloging experience; strong supervi­ sory skills as demonstrated by supervisory experience or knowl­ edge gained through formal training; thorough knowledge of aacr2, marc format, lc classification, and lc subject headings; experience with automated library systems, such as rlin, oclc, or notis; demonstrated written and verbal communication skills; strong interpersonal skills. appointment: this is a twelve-month academic/professional position with probationary appointment at the rank of assistant librarian. to gain continuous appointment, successful perform ance of job responsibilities and a record of professional contributions is required. minimum salary is $25,000. applicants should send a letter o f application, a detailed resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers o f three references to: barbara doyle, personnel and staff development officer, u n iv e r­ s ity o f m in n e sota, university libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. applications must be postmarked by december 10, 1989. identify applications with ul 186. the university of m innesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. head librarian, altoona campus, the penn state university november 1989/955 libraries. faculty position responsible for overall library admini­ stration and services, instruction, participation in planning and development, staff supervision, and effective involvement with students and faculty, the community and the university park campus library where processing is centralized via interactive computer systems. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; three years academic library experience with emphasis on successful public service and administrative activities; demonstrated ability to work with students, faculty and administrators; evidence of poten­ tial for promotion and tenure. second advanced degree and some instructional program and library automation experience desirable. altoona is an attractive campus in central pennsylvania that supports associate degrees, up to two years of most baccalaure­ ate, and a variety of continuing education programs. the campus enrolls approximately 2,600 students and has a library collection of 44,000 items. salary and rank: dependent on qualifications, minimum $27,000 with tenurable rank. benefits include liberal vacation, excellent insurances, state or tiaa/cref retirement options and educational privilege. to apply, send letter, resume and names of three references to: nancy slaybaugh, personnel coordinator, box al acrl, e1 pattee library, penn state u niversity, university park, pa 16802. applications will be re­ viewed beginning december 1 and continuing until position is filled. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer; women and minorities are encouraged to apply. head librarian, off-campus center. serves as head of the new sjsu off-campus center library in salinas, california. responsi­ bilities include reference and online searching sen/ice, collection development, liaison with main campus library, coordination of center library operations. requires mls degree (ala-accredited) or equivalent, demonstrated knowledge of library resources and services, experience or training in online searching, awareness of and sensitivity to the educational goals of a multi-cultural popula­ tion, evening/weekend shifts. cross cultural experience and/or training (e.g., bilingual, bicultural background) preferred, aca­ demic library experience or leadership in small library desired. available 4/1/90. senior assistant librarian starting at $33,168, this is a tenure-track position. priority given to applications re­ ceived by 12/15/89. send resume and names of 5 references to: library director, san jose state u niversity, 1 washington sq., san jose, ca 95192-0028. call (408) 924-2700 for complete job description. aa/eoe. head, music library, ucla. demonstrated excellent mana­ gerial, planning, leadership, communication, and interpersonal skills. knowledge of the fields of music in applied and theoretical/ historical aspects. knowledge of information resources in humani­ ties and fine and performing arts which contribute to research in music. experience with collection development principles. salary range: $31,944-$54,060. send resume or call for more informa­ tion: r. scherrei, u niversity of c alifornia-los angeles library, 11334 url, los angeles, ca 90024-1575; (213) 825-1201. ucla is an equal opportunity employer actively seeking minority appli­ cants. head of technical services and systems. mercer uni­ versity main library, processing center. supervise technical services areas of acquisitions, cataloging, periodicals, bindery, and automation, using innovative interfaces innovacq and innopac library automation system and oclc. develop proc­ essing center serving libraries in macon, atlanta, and remote reference and bibliographic use instruction librarian university of southern california crocker business library, position #132. reports to head, crocker business library. provides reference/online information retrieval searches. lectures on research methods or specialized information sources. conducts tours, student orientation, training for uscinfo and compact disclosure. responsible for material selection and collection develop­ ment for reference, international, and business. develops new career collection. creates bibliographies and support material for instruction and library services. in charge of crocker and accounting libraries in absence of head, accounting librarian, and technical services/reference librarian. mls from ala-library school, business/social sciences reference experience, flexible hours (one night per week), works well under pressure, good oral/written communication skills, and academic library experience required. knowledge of computerized information retrieval, bibliographic instruction, second master’s business-related social science, familiarity with automated circulation systems and rlin desir­ able. librarian i, $28,000; librarian ii, $32,000 minimum salary, plus benefits. position available: october 1, 1989, until filled. apply to: carolyn j. henderson aul for administrative services doheny memorial library university of southern california university park, los angeles, ca 90089-0182 applicants should submit a letter of application, a resume, and the names and telephone numbers of three references. referto: reference and bibliographic instruction librarian, crocker business library, position #132-c&rl on all correspondence. aa/eoe. 956/c&rl news locations. reports to director of university libraries and partici­ pates fully in planning, resource allocation, and overall policy development, state-of-the-art library occupied june 1989, mercer university is a leading church related institution established in 1833, mercer provides undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs in the liberal arts, business, engineering, law, medicine, and pharmacy, historic macon (120,000) is located in a growing metropolitan area (280,000) only 80 miles south of atlanta. ala accredited mls required, knowledge of oclc and automated library systems. minimum 4 years academic library experience, 3 in technical services. must demonstrate successful supervisory and leadership potential, tiaa/cref, 22 days vacation and gener­ ous benefits. salary $30,000 minimum, faculty rank dependent on experience and qualifications. position available; review of candi­ dates to begin immediately. please send resume, copy o f graduate transcript, and names of three references to: mary r, howard, director of university libraries, main library, m ercer u nive rsity, macon, ga 31207. an equal opportunity employer. head of technical services. librarian ill/associate pro­ fessor or librarian iv/professor. minimum salary: $29,114, strong managerial qualities with substantial supervisory experience tech­ nical services, preferably in academic or research library. admini­ sters, coordinates, and provides leadership for acquisitions, seri­ als, preservation, and cataloging. oversees materials budget, formulates and implements collection development policies in consultation with librarians and faculty representatives. the library system has a collection of approxim ately 400,000 bound volumes and other extensive holdings. minimum qualifications: master’s degree from ala-accredited institution, six years increasingly responsible professional experience including collection develop­ ment; knowledge of oclc, aacr and demonstrated automation competence; excellent human relations and good communication skills. second master's or other advanced degree desirable. 12 month appointm ent with academic rank, 24 days annual leave. applications received by november 30, 1989, will be given first consideration. send resume and minimum of 3 reference letters to: director of libraries, m arshall u n ive rsity, huntington, wv 25755­ 2060. minorities encouraged to apply. eeo/aa employer, head, social sciences division, a management-level fac­ ulty position (tenure-track) serving business, education, history, political sciences, sociology and psychology. supervises refer­ ence service, bl, online searching, cd-rom technologies, collec­ tion development, faculty liaison, five library faculty and five sup­ port staff. formulates collection development policies for division and allocates a material budget of approximately 300,000. ala mls; at least five years experience in academic library public services position preferably in the social sciences, economics or business; experience in collection development; effective commu­ nication skills; supervisory experience and a bachelor's or second master’s degree in the social sciences is preferred. good fringe benefits. tiaa-cref. salary: $32,000 minimum for 12 months. salary and rank dependent upon qualifications and experience. for full consideration, application should be received by december 4, 1989. applications will continue to be considered until position is filled. send letter, resume and names of three references to: sheila g. johnson, assistant university librarian for reference, instruc­ tion, and collections, edmon low library, o klahom a state u n ive rsity, stillwater, ok 74078-0375. aa/eo employer. minori­ ties and women are encouraged to apply. successful applicant must comply with irca. head, systems & operations, to manage bibliographic control and collection development. qualifications: ala-accred­ ited mls, 3 years experience in technical services with evidence of increasing supervisory responsibility and good communication skills are required. experience with oclc and automated library systems is desirable. tenure-track faculty appointment on 12 month basis with 20 days annual leave and competitive standard benefits with $26,000 minimum salary. search extended. applica­ tions will be accepted until position is filled. send letter, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers o f three refer­ ences to: dean of the library, a u b urn u n iv e rs ity a t m ontgom ery, montgomery, al 36117-3596. aum is an eeo/aa employer. humanities librarian, university of california, irvine. shares responsibility for reference desk assistance, database searching and bibliographic instruction (includes some evening and weekend hours). acts as liaison with school of humanities, specifically department of english and comparative literature and depart­ ment of classics. shares collection development responsibilities. required: ala-accredited mls degree; degree in english or comparative literature or relevant experience; demonstrated commitment to public service; excellent communication skills; basic computer literacy; ability to work with all elements of a culturally-diverse academic community. appointment a t assistant or associate librarian rank, salary $26,136-$46,020. applications received by november 15,1989, will receive first consideration, but will be accepted until the position is filled. send application letter with 1) a complete statement of qualifications; 2) resume of educa­ tion and experience; and 3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers o f three references to: ann rimmer, library personnel office, u n ive rsity o f c alifo rn ia , irvine , p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. telephone: (714) 856-7115. aa/eoe. librarians, abigail s. timme library, ferris state university, (new positions, entry-level, $25,000 minim um/12 months) 1) ac­ quisitions coordinator, assistant professor, library systems and operations department; working with team of liaison librarians as selectors and faculty from fsu’s schools; collection development coordination; managing acquisitions and accounts, gifts and ex­ change operations, for monographs and periodicals. now open. 2) general reference, assistant professor, reference and instruc­ tional services department; provision of reference service as part of a team and specialized service such as outreach or extension; online searching and cd-rom use; participates in collection development and library instruction programs. appointment open 7/1 /9 0 .3) department head, reference and instructional services, administrative appointment, search continued ($33,000 minimum/ 12 months), supervising reference, ill and online services, biblio­ graphic instruction, and extension services (7-8 librarians, 2 library associates, 1 assistant and several student assistants). now open. mls required (from ala accredited program); additional academic credentials and experience are preferred. request postings for full details, apply with letter, resume, and three references as soon as possible to the appropriate search committee: elaine nienhouse, reference librarian; keitha breault, dept. head, reference & instructional sen/ices; edwin harris, acquisitions coordinator; f erris state u n ive rsity library; big rapids, ml 49307; telephone: (616) 592-3726 (administrative offices). possible interviews at asis (washington, dc, 10/28-11/3) and ala midwinter (chicago, il, 1/6-11) conferences. fsu is a career-oriented, polytechnical university of 11,800 students with programs ranging from the associate to doctorate levels in the schools of arts & sciences, business, education, allied health, pharmacy, technology, and the college o f optometry and a center for lifelong learning; big rapids is a community of 26,000 located 50 miles north o f grand rapids, michigan’s second largest metropolitan area. ferris state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. library instruction and information services librarian. manage and evaluate the library instruction program, including the organization and teaching of group sessions, sched­ uling of librarians involved in instructional activities, and the devel­ opment and design o f teaching aids. assume responsibility for teaching majority of instruction sessions. actively consult with university faculty to promote library instruction services. informa­ tion desk reference assignment, including evening schedule. involves ready reference online searching and teaching of cd rom products. library faculty position with professional achieve­ ment and service expectations in accordance with tenure and promotion policies. ala accredited master’s degree in library service/information science required. minimum of two years pub­ lic service experience in an academic library with evidence of successful instruction experience required. ability to teach, write, and work in a university environment; must possess strong oral and written communication skills to work effectively with faculty, students, and colleagues. evidence of experience in reader serv­ ices programs. twelve-month, tenure-track appointment, instruc­ tor or assistant professor rank dependent upon qualifications and experience. 24 days annual leave, plus holidays. paid state or tiaa/cref retirement. group health insurance available. salary minimum is $21,000. review of applications will begin december 1, 1989, and continue until position is filled. send application, including resume and names, addresses, and phone numbers of at least three references to: chairperson, sherrod library search committee, east tennessee state u n ive rsity, box 22-450a, johnson city, tn 37614, etsu is an equal opportunity, affirm a­ tive action employer. university o f california, san diego the university library the library at lhc university o f california, san diego invites applications for three positions. the university library consists o f the central university library, the biomedical and medical center libraries, the undergraduate library, the science and engineering library, the scripps institution o f oceanography library, and the graduate school o f international relations and pacific studies library. collections total over 1.9 million volumes. ucsd is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and specifically seeks candidates who can make contributions in an environment o f ethnic and cultural diversity. r e f e r e n c e /c o l l e c t io n d e v e l o p m e n t l ib r a r ia n , biom edical library. assistant or associate librarian rank. under the general direction o f the head o f public services, incumbent is responsible forplanning and coordinating collection development activities, including liaison work with the faculty, user needs assessments, and collection use studies. participates in department's reference, instruc­ tional, online searching, and outreach services. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; minimum o f tw o years experience in reference or collection development; excellent oral and written communication skills; demonstrated ability to work effectively with faculty and other researchers. preferred: experience in a health/life sciences library; expertise in online searching; experience with automated library systems. c losing date: january 15,1990. send applications to mary horrcs, biomedical librarian, c /o the address below. r e f e r e n c e s e r v ic e s c o o r d in a t o r , g overnm ent documents and m aps, central u niver­ sity l ibrary . assistant or associate librarian rank. coordinates reference and access services for government documents. plans, implements, and manages reference services; serves on the reference desk (including some evening and weekend hours); selects material for the reference collection; integrates advanced technologies into reference services. participates in department's library instruction programs and in collection development activities. supervises one library assistant for reference/access services. quali­ fications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; two years experience in reference services in government documents or related social sciences; excellent oral and written communication skills, and demonstrated effectiveness in carrying out public service responsibilities. preference will be given to candidates with well -developed microcomputer and online searching skills and demonstrated ability to plan and implement innovative reference services. closing date d ecem ber 15,1989. in s t r u c t io n a l s e r v ic e s /o u t r e a c h l ib r a r ia n , g overnm ent d ocum ents and m aps, c entral university library. assistant or associate librarian rank. coordinates instructional and outreach services for government documents. plans, implements, and manages instructional and outreach activities for faculty, students, and the business community. develops printed and computer-based instructional materials; publicizes departmental collections and services. serves on the reference desk (including some evening and weekend hours) and participates in collection development activities. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; strong interest in instructional and outreach services; and excellent oral and written communication skills. prior experience in reference and instructional services in government documents or related social sciences is desirable. preference will be given to candidates with well-developed microcomputer and online searching skills, a background in developing instructional programs, and experience in publicizing library services. c losing date: d ecem ber 1 5,1989. salary range: assistant librarian: $27,360 $35,016; associate librarian: $33,444 $48,180. appoint­ ment at the higher rank requires superior experience and qualifications. ucsd librarians are expected to par­ ticipate in librarywide planning and to be active professionally. submit a letter o f application, resume and list o f references to: janet tait, library personnel o ffice, c -075-h -1, university o f california, san diego, la jolla. c a . 92093. 958 / c&rl news map librarian, university o f michigan, associate librarian. responsibilities: plans and budgets for services and collections of the map library; establishes goals and policies for the collecting, housing, and use of cartographic materials, including new ventures into the area of geographic information systems; and develops procedures for the most effective im plementation of these goals and policies. the map library is a unit of the graduate library; the librarian reports to the head of graduate library reference. the map librarian will also provide map-reference service to students, faculty, and non-university inquirers. map reference service in­ cludes providing online search services, and bibliographic instruc­ tion. the map librarian will also have selection responsibilities for the development and management of the graduate library’s col­ lections in one or more disciplines in the humanities and social sciences (in this case, geography and anthropology preferred). as selector, s/he will serve as the library’s prim ary contact for faculty and graduate students working in these areas; and will work with the coordinator of graduate library collections to develop goals for collection development, user liaison, collection manage­ ment, fund management, and professional awareness. required: accredited mls; a minimum of two years work experience in a research library or equivalent; degree and/or experience in geogra­ phy, cartography, or closely-related discipline; demonstrated su­ pervisory, interpersonal, and communication skills; and working knowledge of two or more european languages. desired: experi­ ence with geographic information systems; experience with stan­ dard lc/aacr2 cataloging practices; and experience with data­ base searching. minimum salary of $27,000, dependent on previ­ ous relevant experience. applications received by november 24, 1989, will be given first consideration. apply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library personnel and payroll services, 404 hatcher north, university o f michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109-1205. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. mathematics librarian/assistant engineering librarian. the university of iowa, iowa city. under the direction of the engineering librarian, the incumbent is responsible for the management of the mathematics library and for assisting in the provision of user services in the engineering library. principle duties in the mathematics library, are the supervision of one full­ time library assistant and several student assistants, the provision of reference services and user education, and collection m anage­ ment in the areas of mathematics, computer science, statistics, and actuarial science. principle duties in the engineering library are assisting in the provision of reference services and user education, and other duties as assigned by the engineering librar­ ian. requirements: an ala-accredited graduate library degree; a strong service orientation; excellent interpersonal and com m uni­ cation skills; a strong professional commitment. desirable charac­ teristics include professional experience in science reference and/ or science collection management and experience in management and supervision; educational background in the mathematical sciences, engineering, or the physical sciences; experience in electronic bibliographic searching; a working knowledge o f at least one european language other than english. salary: appointment will be made at the librarian i ($21,565 minim um) or librarian ii ($27,310 minimum) rank, salary, and rank determination based on a combination of educational background and experience. the university offers an attractive package of additional benefits, including 25 days paid vacation per year, tiaa/cref retirement, social security, disability and medical/dental insurance. applica­ tion procedure: applications received by 1 february 1990 will receive first consideration. minorities and women are particularly encouraged to apply. qualified individuals should submit a letter of application, vita information, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: barbara i. dewey, assistant to the university librarian, the university of iowa librar­ ies, iowa city, ia 52242. the university of iowa is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. multicultural services librarian, university of califor­ nia, irvine. responsible for providing leadership in library services to an increasingly diverse campus community, the main focus being outreach to the multicultural community at uci, including faculty, campus groups and organizations, library instruction and specialized reference services. shares responsibility for reference desk assistance, database searching and bibliographic instruction (includes some evening and weekend hours). required: alaaccredited mls degree; ability to develop a well-planned and focused outreach program; demonstrated commitment to public sen/ice; excellent communication skills; basic computer literacy; ability to work with all elements of a culturally-diverse academic community. appointment at assistant or associate librarian rank salary $26,136-$46,020. applications received by november 15, 1989, will receive first consideration, but will be accepted until the position is filled. send application letter with 1) a complete state­ ment of qualifications; 2) resume of education and experience; and 3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three refer­ ences to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. telephone: (714) 856-7115. aa/eoe. online specialist. under the general direction of the pacific southwest regional medical library service online services coordinator, provides online training and information services in rml regions 6 and 7. one of two instructors for nlm's medlars searching classes in the western online region, classes are held at ucla and at sites throughout the western online region. teaches nlm’s basics of searching medline course. writes articles about the medlars system and online searching for the psrmls newsletter and the nlm technical bulletin. develops course materials and presents online continuing education courses for online searchers. qualifications: mls from an accred­ ited program. evidence of strong teaching and communications skills and extensive experience in searching nlm's medlars system. salary range: $26,136-$40,092 based on qualifications and years of experience. excellent fringe benefits. personal inter­ view required. send resume and list o f references to: alison bunting, biomedical librarian, university of california, los angeles, ucla louise darling biomedical library, 10833 le conte ave., los angeles, ca 90024-1798. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarians at ucla are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers (aft). principal cataloger (search extended). associate librar­ ian or librarian ($31,944-$59,556) based on qualifications and experience. open immediately. responsible for ensuring that original cataloging conforms to national standards and is expected to motivate catalogers to maintain high levels of productivity. is expected to assume leadership in innovation and creativity in planning and im plementation of efficient procedures in a manual and automated environment. responsible for the supervision, training and evaluation of professional catalogers (7 fte) in the original cataloging section of the catalog department which catalogs m onographs only. the appointee works closely with the supervisors of the copycataloging and postcataloging sections and with the department head in formulating cataloging policies and in managing the department. answers questions and resolves problems on request from faculty, staff and other library depart­ ments, serves as chair of the joint catalog-serials departments, authority files committee. catalogs material in areas of expertise as time permits. helps plan for anticipated acquisition of a local integrated online library system. contributes to library, univer­ sity, and professional activities. qualifications: mls or equivalent; minimum of five years cataloging experience in a research library, including demonstrated leadership ability and successful supervi­ sory experience. thorough knowledge of cataloging principles and procedures, including aacr2, lc classification and subject head­ ings, marc form ats and authority control. w orking knowledge of a modern european language (additional language skills desirable). experience with a major utility, such as rlin or oclc. strong oral and written communication skills. a record of professional achieve­ ments is desirable. experience with a local integrated online system is highly desirable. applicants should send letter, resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three refer­ ences (including current supervisor) to: sandra a. vella, assistant personnel librarian, 108 shields library, university o f california, davis, ca 95616. telephone: (916) 752-1138. applications re­ ceived by december 1, 1989, will be assured consideration. the university of california, davis is committed to a policy of affirma­ tive action and specifically invites inquiries and applications from women and ethnic minorities. reference and archives librarian. indiana university southeast, new albany, indiana (louisville, kentucky, metropoli­ tan area), one of 8 cam puses in indiana university system. under the supervision of head of readers services, reference and november 1989 / 959 archives librarian provides reference and bibliographic instruction services {3/4 time); under supervision of director of library serv­ ices manages ius archives (1/4 time). ala/mls required; 2nd master’s degree in archives and/or records management pre­ ferred. also required: knowledge of online searching, oclc, excel­ lent interpersonal skills, strong service orientation, and appropriate professional experience. must be able to meet requirements of a tenure-track appointment. salary: $19,500/12 months. tiaa/ cref; liberal benefits. send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references by 8 december 1989, to: nancy totten, chair, search and screen committee, indiana u n ive rsity southeast, 4201 grant line road, new albany, in 47150. indiana university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference/instruction (search extended). includes refer­ ence, library instruction, online searching, collection development and liaison to a teaching departm ents). required: mls from ala accredited institution, experience in an academic or research library, excellent communications skills and a commitment to quality service. background in the sciences preferred. considera­ tion also given to background in social sciences or library automa­ tion and technology, library has an opac and is in the planning stages for an automated circulation system. suny oswego has over 8,000 students and is located on the shores o f lake ontario. tenure-track position with excellent fringe benefits. salary and rank: depending on qualifications, probable range $24,000 $30,000. rank assistant or senior assistant. application dead­ line: applications will be accepted until the position is filled, but for maximum consideration applications must be received by novem­ ber 15. send letters of application, resume, transcripts, and names of 3 references to: anne commerton, director, penfield library, state u n ive rsity of new york college at o sw ego, oswego, ny 13126. suny oswego an equal opportunity employer; women and minority persons, handicapped persons, and vietnam veterans are encouraged to apply. reference librarian, auburn university at montgomery. tenure-track entry-level position responsible for information serv­ ices, bibliographic instruction, database searching and collection development. will act as liaison with one or more academic departments. reference duties include nights & weekends. quali­ fications: mls from an ala-accredited program; knowledge of dialog searching; interest in collection development, preferably in sciences. good communication skills. minimum salary $19,500 for 12 months. position now available. applications will be accepted until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references to: mary harrison, a u b urn u nive rsity at m ontgom ery library, montgomery al 36117-3596. aum is an eeo/aa employer, reference librarian/business specialist. respon­ sible for the bibliographic instruction, online searching and collec­ tion development in the areas o f business and economics. rotat­ ing duty on general reference desk. position includes some rotated weekend and night reference hours. knowledge of main print and online bibliographic tools (brs, dialog, dow jones), working knowledge of microcomputers and software. ability to effectively communicate orally and in writing. ability to work effectively with faculty, staff and students essential. required: ala-accredited master’s degree. experience: two years reference experience in an academic library. preferred: mls plus undergraduate or mas­ ter's degree in business. salary: $24,500-$26,500. closing date: december 15, 1989. send resume and 3 letters of reference to: joanne line, administrator, library, u nive rsity o f m innesota, 248 library, 10 university drive, duluth, mn 55812. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. reference librarian. dupont library, university of the south. reports to coordinator of public services/head reference librarian, responsible for general reference service including government documents, online database arching, library instruc­ tion, and collection development. includes regular night and week­ end work. required: mls (ala-accredited); ability to provide quality reference sen/ice to faculty and students; good interper­ sonal skills; facility with microcomputers and software; and expe­ rience or training in online database searching, oclc and other computer reference services. preferred: undergraduate degree from a liberal arts institution, previous reference experience, and familiarity with library automation. salary: $17,631 minimum. excellent benefits. position available november 27,1989. univer­ sity of the south, founded in 1857, consists of a very selective, coeducational, residential liberal arts college of 1,050 undergradu­ ates and a graduate school of theology (episcopalian) of 80 students. sewanee is located on the cumberland plateau (about 2,000 feet above sea level) between nashville and chattanooga. staff are engaged in planning an online library system for which funding has been committed. send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: david kearley, university librarian, dupont library, u nive rsity o f the s outh, sewanee, tn 37375. applications accepted until position is filled. eoe. minori­ ties are encouraged to apply. reference librarian for western european lan­ guages and literatures. search extended. subject spe­ cialist in french, italian and german languages and literatures assigned to the general and humanities reference center, bobst library. duties include reference assistance, bibliographic instruc­ tion, orientation, database searching, selection and evaluation of materials, and faculty liaison. accredited mls, subject master's degree required for tenure, proficiency in french, knowledge of italian and german, 2 years’ successful public service experience in an academic library required, degree in french preferred. fac­ ulty status, tuition remission, tiaa/cref or alternative pension program, 5 weeks annual vacation. salary minimum $27,000. to ensure consideration, send resume and letter of application includ­ ing the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references, immediately to: alice deich, personnel representative, new york u n iv e rs ity libraries, 70 washington square south, new york, ny 10012, nyu encourages applications from women and members of minority groups. reference librarian, science specialty. search reopened. the z, smith reynolds library at wake forest university seeks a highly motivated librarian to perform a full range of reference services in a general reference department including coordination of online and end-user database searching, bibliographic instruc­ tion, collection development, and creation of specialized science reference aids. evening and weekend work required. required: ala-accredited mls, significant coursework in the physical or life sciences. good interpersonal skills and a commitment to service. desired: library work experience including online searching. advanced degree in the sciences. entry-level appointment pos­ sible. the successful candidate will be able to participate in the automation of the reynolds library and the expansion and reloca­ tion of the reference department to a building addition now in the planning stage. wake forest university, located in the thriving piedmont triad of north carolina, has a collection of over one million volumes for a student population of 4,500, and is a liberal arts university with doctoral programs and strong professional schools. salary range: from low $20’s commensurate with qualifi­ cations and experience. position will remain open until filled by qualified applicant. send letter of application and resume to: director, z. smith reynolds library, wake forest u niversity, winston-salem, nc 27109-7777. aa/eoe. reference librarian. under the general direction of the head of the reference division, provides reference desk service, online search services, and instructional activities, including both standard course-related instruction and end-user search training. also included are consulting activities designed to assist our primary users with searching nlm databases directly. instructional activities include providing general orientation tours, course-re­ lated or other academic related instructional sessions on the use of abstracting and indexing services in the health and life sciences, and end-user training sessions on the medline database and intricacies of the mesh vocabulary. each reference librarian is assigned coordinating responsibilities for an area of divisional activity, such as education services, online searching, or reference desk service. minimum qualifications: dynamic individual with effective oral and written communications skills, demonstrated successful interpersonal skills, and the ability to work as a team member. ability to work with health sciences and life sciences professionals and students, familiarity with health and life science reference materials. experience in searching nlm databases. desirable qualifications: experience in planning and presenting instructional activities for adult learners. knowledge of major-end user search system command languages, including grateful med and brs. experience in working with microcomputer equipment 960 /c&rl news and software for personal information management. salary range: $26,136-$31,944 based on qualifications and years of expedience. excellent fringe benefits. personal interview required. send res­ ume and list of references to: alison bunting, biomedical librarian, u n iv e rs ity o f c a lifo rn ia , los a n geles, ucla louise darling biomedical library, 10833 le conte ave., los angeles, ca 90024­ 1798. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer actively seeking minority applicants. librarians at ucla are represented by an exclusive bargaining agent, the american federation of teachers (aft). science libr arian /biblio g r apher . t he science librar­ ian/bibliographer shares public services assignments with three other librarians in the science and technology library. responsi­ bilities include collection development, bibliographic instruction, online database searching, and faculty liaison for assigned physi­ cal science and/or engineering departm ents. the science librar­ ian/bibliographer reports directly to the head of stl and is one of eight full-time staff members. qualifications: required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of sci­ ence and engineering reference and bibliographic resources. desired: experience or academic preparation in one o f the sci­ ences; and additional graduate degree in a relevant discipline; training and experience in online database searching. employ­ ment: full-time. non-traditional w ork week. location: the univer­ sity of texas a t arlington, located in the dallas-fort worth metro plex, has a current enrollm ent o f approxim ately 24,000 and offers 97 degrees, 21 at the ph.d. level. the university libraries pres­ ently have approxim ately 800,000 volume equivalents in the gen­ eral collection, 1,000,000 volume equivalents in the documents collection, a staff of 100, and an fy1989-1990 budget of nearly $5,000,000. the libraries participate in amigos/oclc, dialog, brs, and have installed the not is automated system. salary and benefits: $19,428 salary plus $965 in state contributions toward social security for an annual minimum of $20,393. additional state contributions include up to $1800 per annum to health benefits package, and 8.5 percent of annual salary contributed by the state for optional retirement programs. applications should include a resume and the names and addresses of three professional refer­ ences. consideration fo r the position will begin december 4 ,1989, and will continue until a satisfactory candidate has been found. applications and nominations should be addressed to: chair, science librarian search committee, the u n iv e rs ity o f texas at a rlin g to n libraries, p.o. box 19497, arlington, tx 76019. applica­ tions from qualified minorities are encouraged. the university of texas at arlington is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. senior program officer, with the potential of moving to assistant or deputy executive director. this position encom­ passes responsibilities associated with the arl statistics program including exploration of new measures o f library operations and performance. exceptional record of leadership and achievement in research librarianship is required. research, quantitative, and technology skills are desirable. minimum: $53,000. please send a letter of application, resume, and names o f references to: execu­ tive director, a s s o c ia tio n o f r esearch l ib ra rie s , 1527 new hampshire ave., n.w., w ashington, dc 20036. late job listings bibliographic instruction coordinator & public relations librarian. responsibilities: the university at albany, state university of new york seeks a librarian to assume primary responsibility for development, implem­ entation, and evaluation of library instructional programs and to serve as public relations librarian. bibliographic instruction offers opportunities for: develop­ ment of undergraduate instructional co-teaching course-related sessions; creative applications of video and cai technology to instructional delivery; teaching use of the online catalog and cd-rom databases; development of printed user aids; co­ sponsorship of staff development programs; service on library-wide working com­ mittees and task forces. reports to the head, reference services department. public relations responsibilities will include the promotion of albany’s university libraries to enhance its image as a comprehensive research library serving the university community and the capital district. the public relations librarian is responsible for the coordination of library public relations, public programming, exhibitions, special events, and promotional publications. the public relations librarian works closely with the friends of the libraries and the director of libraries. twelve-month tenure-track faculty appointment; research and publica­ tion expected for continuing appointment and promotion. appointment at rank of senior assistant librarian or associate librarian. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; strong oral and written communication skills; experience with libarry applications for microcomputers; experience with reference services; minimum of three years experience in library instruction; experience or interest in public relations. salary: commensurate with education and experience. salary range $26,000 to $35,000. apply to: christine m. travis, library personnel officer, university libraries-ul 139, the university at albany, state university of new york, 1400 washington avenue, albany, ny 12222. deadline: review of letters of application and resumes will begin december 15, 1989. please include a list of three persons with addresses whom we can contact for references. the university at albany, state university of new york is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. applications form women, minority persons, handi­ capped persons, special disabled, and vietnam era veterans are especially welcome. november 1989 / 961 bibliographic maintenance section supervisor, catalog de­ partment, northeastern university libraries, boston. (search extended.) plan and manage bibliographic database maintenance operations, post-cataloging materials processing and reclassification and retrospective conversion projects. train, super­ vise and evaluate 4 fte support staff and 8 fte student assistants, plus temporary project staff. catalog in selected areas dependent upon departmental needs with an emphasis on reclassification and retrospective conversion. compile statistical analyses and other reports. participate in departmental and library planning, com­ mittees, and general activities. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program. three years of professional academic library experience as a cataloger with increasing responsibilities and demonstrated supervisory ability. thorough knowledge of the marc formats, lc classification, aacr2, and a bibliographic utility. knowledgeable about library automation and local bibliographic database issues cataloging management, and related current developments. excellent com­ munication, organizational, supervisory, planning, and analytical skills. salary: hiring range minimum $24,300; actual appointment salary will depend upon qualifications and experience. applications received by december 15 will have first consideration. please submit letter of application, resume, and names with ad­ dresses and phone numbers of three references to: gene damon, associate dean for technical services, 211 dodge, northeastern university libraries, 360 hunting­ ton ave., boston, ma 02115. northeastern university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. catalog librarian. responsible for all cataloging and processing operations and personnel. work with technical services coordinator to develop and imple­ ment local cataloging policies. participates in the implementation of the tri­ college automated system. required: ala-accredited mls; thorough knowledge of aacr2, oclc/marc formats and tagging, lc classification and subject head­ ings; cataloging experience in a library with oclc or other bibliographic utility; excellent interpersonal and communication skills; ability to maintain effective working relationships with colleagues and students. supervisory experience and additional advanced degree desirable. salary range: $24,000-$26,000. generous fringe benefits. application deadline: january 19. preliminary interviews may be held at ala midwinter. please send letter of application, resume, transcripts and names of 3 references to: martha payne, coordinator, technical services and automation, haverford college library, haverford, pa 19041. catalog librarian. temporary 12-month appointment. to engage in a wide range of cataloging activities for monographs in an automated environment using oclc and an online catalog. will participate in retrospective conversion and reclassification projects. will be responsible for some supervision and training of technical assistants and student workers. an ala-accredited mls, knowledge of oclc, aacr2, and lc classifications and subject headings required. previous cataloging experience, familiarity with microcomputers, and knowledge of foreign languages preferred. salary from $22,000. depending upon experience. send res­ ume and names of three references by november 27, 1989, to: james cubit, assistant college librarian, williams college, williamstown, ma 01267. cataloger (2 positions), new mexico state university. nmsu enrolls over 14,000 students in 70 major undergraduate areas, 42 master’s degrees, and 19 doctoral degree programs. in its 101st year, nmsu is the land-grant institution for new mexico. located in southern new mexico on the high desert in the city of las cruces, nmsu is 40 miles from el paso, texas, at the southern edge of the rocky mountains. the area enjoys abundant sunshine and moderate temperatures, yet is within easy driving distance of alpine areas that include excellent skiing and winter sports. the nmsu library is in the initial stages of an $11 million expansion; is 962 / c&rl news highly automated using oclc, a vtls-based online catalog, innovacq, and dialog, and has an expanding cd-rom operation. one entry-level position includes responsibility for original cataloging of monographs, theses and dissertations, editing problematic oclc member-contributed copy, and some retrospective con­ version. salary: $20,500. one position expecting 3-5 years experience includes responsibilities for original cataloging of monographs, serials, special formats, and some retrospective conversion. salary: from $24,000. both positions require ala accredited mls with a second master’s preferred. desirable qualities include working knowledge of western european languages, especially german, knowl­ edge of aacr2, oclc, automated library systems, lc classification and subject headings, and marc formats. willingness to participate in shared responsibilities including collection management and reference service. appointed to a faculty position, the individuals employed will be expected to fulfill the usual requirements for promotion and tenure. attractive fringe benefit package with 22 days annual leave. if you are interested in a challenging position in a most attractive location, please submit your application with the names and addresses of 3 references by january 19 to: anne morgan, head of technical services, new mexico state university library, box 30006, las cruces, nm 88003. nmsu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. women, ethnic minorities, persons with disabilities, and vietnam veterans are encouraged to apply. classics cataloger, search reopened. university of cincinnati. respon­ sible for original and oclc cataloging of materials, primarily monographs, for the classics library with a collection of 130,000 volumes. the u.c. libraries have an online catalog (uclid), the database of which contains 900,000 records represent­ ing the holdings of all u.c. library systems. required qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program; reading knowledge of latin and one or more european languages; degree in classical studies or related field; demonstrated knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, lc classification, and marc tagging; ability to communicate clearly orally and in writing; and ability to work affectively with colleagues. preferred qualifications: reading knowledge of greek; experi­ ence in cataloging with oclc or another bibliographic utility. salary range $21,000-$25,000 depending on qualifications. letter of application, including res­ ume and the names and addresses of three references must be postmarked no later than december 8,1989. send to mark w. weber, assistant university librarian for personnel, university of cincinnati libraries, mail location 33, cincinnati, oh 45221-0033. this university of cincinnati is an affirmative action/equal employ­ ment opportunity employer. computer reference services librarian. provide and coordinate online search service and microcomputer support services, plus general reference duties in social science and humanities library. participate in bibliographic instruc­ tion and training of database searchers. master’s degree in library science, experience with database searching, and effective oral and written communication skills required. academic reference and broad microcomputer experience desirable. salary $20,000+. send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: patricia berge, chair, appointments and promotions committee, marquette university library, 560 north 16th street, milwaukee, wi 53233. preference given to applications received by december 1, 1989. marquette is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. director of libraries, university of missouri-columbia. the university of missouri-columbia invites nominations and applications for the position of director of libraries. the university libraries include ellis library and six branches, with cumulative collections of approximately 2.5 million volumes, 4.6 million microforms, and 17,000 serials subscriptions. this is a major academic and november 1989 / 963 research (arl) library serving a student body of 25,000 and a faculty of 1,500, and which circulates about 500,000 items and interlibrary loans 26,000 items per year; it typically serves 4,000 users and answers 1,000 reference questions daily. the library benefits from the cooperative effort of an ala-accredited graduate program in library education. mu library is a full oclc participant, with an online catalog, automated circulation, and microcomputer support. it was recently awarded a $2 million national endowment for the humanities challenge grant to strengthen and preserve collections in the humanities, and has earned a campus commitment to enhanced funding that is providing significant improvements in base salaries and in acquisitions. this is a period of dynamic development for the library: ellis has recently been expanded, and plans are in progress for the next building expansion and for new facilities for branch libraries. the director of libraries reports directly to the provost, holds membership on the council of deans, and has responsibility for administration, management, recruitment and hiring, staff development, budgeting, planning, and fund-raising for the libraries. candidates for this position must possess, at minimum: a master’s degree from an ala accredited program and significant management experience in an academic re­ search library setting. a doctorate degree is desirable but not required. preference will be given to candidates with the following qualifications: proven leadership and collegial management skills; an understanding of the major problems and opportu­ nities facing academic research libraries and the vision and ability to formulate effective plans and solutions; the ability to communicate effectively with diverse constituencies; a record of success in fund-raising and pursuing grants; experience in handling concurrent projects: building construction/renovation, automation, expanding preservation efforts; a demonstrated commitment to affirmative action and equal opportunity; scholarly accomplishment in librarianship discipline; an interest in sustaining cooperative efforts in library education. the salary will be commensurate with qualifications and experience, $77,000 minimum. in order to receive fullest consideration, applications must be received by december 1, 1989. all candidates should arrange for four letters of reference to be submitted by this date. please send nominations, applications, and letters to: john miles foley, chair search committee, director of libraries, office of the provost, 114a jesse hall, university of missouri-columbia, columbia, mo 65211. director, university library. wright state university is accepting applications and nominations for the position of director of the university library. the director reports to the associate vice-president for academic affairs and assumes the primary responsibility for all library operations. the university library has over 450,000 volumes, a staff of 54 fte, a budget of $3.4 million, ohionet membership and an integrated library system cooperative network which includes 10 local institutions. additionally, the university library is actively participating in the planning for a state-wide library network. master’s degree required; ala-accredited mls preferred. evidence of continued professional devel­ opment required. a minimum of 10 years of professional library experience in an academic/research library, including 5 years of administrative experience with responsibility for long-range planning, budgeting, personnel development, and daily operations, is required. current knowledge of library technology, and experi­ ence with cooperative networks are highly desirable. candidate must be a dynamic leader, possessing superior communication skills, and be able to articulate the future direction of the university library. candidate should be committed to participatory management and to serving the academic and local communities. twelve-month appointment; salary minimum $56,180. wright state, located 10 miles east of dayton, ohio, is a young, dynamic institution with 17,000 students and 700 faculty, offering 120 undergraduate majors and doctorates in 5 fields. screening of applications will begin on december 1, 1989, and applications will be accepted until the position is filled. send a letter summarizing qualifications, curriculum 964 / cirrl news vitae, and the names of at least 3 references to: lillie howard, chair, office of academic affairs, room 105 allyn hall, wright state university, dayton, oh 45435. wright state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. engineering librarian. the position of engineering librarian in the hagerty library, drexel university, will be available 1 december 1989. the requirements for the position are a master’s degree in library science from an ala accredited library school, a degree in an engineering field or in a physical science is necessary; at least two years of professional library experience in an academic library or its equivalent, including database searching; and experience in collection development. applicants must have the ability to work and communicate effec­ tively with staff, faculty, and students. the responsibilities of the job include reference desk service; database searching; bibliographic instruction; supervision of clerical employees, library assistants, and part-time students; selection of library materials in the engineering field; and liaison with the college of engineering. the base salary is $25,000 per year with academic status, retirement, and illness benefits. applicants should address their correspondence to: lucille r. jones, co­ director, hagerty library, drexel university, philadelphia, pa 19104. deadline for applications: 27 november 1989. an equal employment opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. government documents librarian, joyner library, east carolina university. responsibilities: participates in all documents services, collection development, reference service, bibliographic instruction, cd-rom, and online datafile searching. the collection includes federal depository, north carolina state, united nations, and selected foreign and international government publica­ tions. position reports to head, government documents department/north caro­ lina collection. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; knowledge of reference and bibliographic sources; effective oral and written communication skills; experience in use of online databases. twelve-month tenure track faculty appointment. salary $22,000 minimum, depending on qualifications. research and publication expected for tenure and promotion. government documents & n.c. collection department staff of seven includes four librarians. east carolina university’s libraries serve a campus community of over 15,000 students and 950 faculty. the university is a constituent institution of the sixteen-campus university of north carolina system. screening of applications will begin january 5,1990, and continue until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, copies of transcripts, and three letters of reference to: jo ann bell, acting director of academic library services, joyner library, east carolina university, greenville, nc 27858-4353. official tran­ scripts from each college or university attended will be required prior to any offer of employment. federal law requires proper documentation of identity and employ­ ability at the time of employment. east carolina university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer and, as such, encourages applications from women, blacks, and other minorities. media materials librarian. responsible for administration and develop­ ment of media materials/av department, university library. department houses all non-book materials (motion pictures, videocassettes, sound recordings, educa­ tional kits, microfilm, microfiche, art slides) in the library’s collections. promotes effective instructional use of non-book materials. participates with other public service department heads in formulating policies and planning procedures to meet needs of faculty, students. reports to director of media and computer services. duties include working with faculty and deans on materials selection, ordering and receiving media materials, cataloging via oclc for departmental catalog, coordi­ nating with media services the classroom use of media materials and preserving, november 1989 / 965 weeding, repairing, or replacing materials in collection. participates in general reference work, library orientation program. acts as coordinator for clearing copyright information on non-book materials. expansion of university in near future will provide opportunities for creative leadership. university is part of texas a&m university system and will become four-year in 1994. qualifications: ala accredited mls, broad academic background; experience with non-book materials in university setting; knowledge of and familiarity with a broad range of media formats; experience handling audio visual equipment, microform readers and printers; ability to communicate and work successfully with colleagues, faculty, and students; a positive public service attitude; willingness to work a flexible schedule with one technical assistant and student assistants; interest in relating media materials to teaching. preferred are additional experience: familiarity with micro­ computers, knowledge of a modern european language. salary depends on qualifi­ cations and experience, minimum of $20,000 for 12-month appointment; position is entry-level or near entry-level. benefits include state vacation, holiday package, percentage payment of employee’s ss, choice of retirement programs, medical and insurance programs, no state or local income tax. librarians at ccsu are a distinct group of academic professionals. send letter of application addressing qualifica­ tions, resume (including names, addresses, telephone numbers of three references) by november 27, 1989,to: r. l. o’keeffe, university librarian, corpus christi state university library, 6300 ocean drive, corpus christi, tx 78412. monographic series cataloger. available: january 2, 1990. descrip­ tion: this position coordinates the analytics unit within the serials cataloging section with primary responsibility for the establishment and cataloging of mono­ graphic series, decisions on analyzing, and maintenance of the series authority file. the cataloger works closely with serials and monographic cataloging staff to standardize entries for series in the online catalog, check-in, and other records; provides assistance in serials cataloging and/or revision, and performs other tasks as assigned. qualifications: an ala-accredited mls and two years experience in cataloging or serials work; ability to work with at least one western european language in addition to english; ability to work cooperatively in processing complex materials. prefer experience in cataloging serials, series, and analytics; familiarity with lc classification and subject headings, and oclc cataloging technology; supervisory experience. salary and benefits: this is a twelve-month academic appointment with a minimum salary of $22,500 and standard state benefits of annual leave, sick leave, insurance coverage, and retirement plan. deadline for application: november 30, 1989. to apply: send resume and names of three references to: barbara delon, library personnel officer, cb #3900, davis library, the university of north carolina at chapel hill, chapel hill, nc 27599-3900. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference/collection development librarian. joyner library, east carolina university. responsibilities: participates in all aspects of reference service including service at the reference desk, online/cd-rom database search­ ing, and bibliographic instruction. acts as liaison to assigned faculty departments and develops the reference and stack collections in these subject areas. department staff of twelve includes nine librarians. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, strong oral and written communication skills, reading knowledge of a foreign language. reference experience in an academic or research library, second master’s degree, and experience with library applications for microcomputers preferred. twelve-month tenure-track faculty appointment. salary $22,000 minimum, de­ pending on qualifications. research and publication expected for tenure and promotion. east carolina university’s libraries serve a campus community of over 15,000 students and 950 faculty. the university is a constituent institution of the sixteen-campus university of north carolina system. screening of applications will 966 / cirrl news begin january 5, 1990, and continue until position is filled. send letter of applica­ tion, resume, copies of transcripts, and three letters of reference to: jo ann bell, acting director of academic library services, joyner library, east carolina university, greenville, nc 27858-4353. official transcripts from each college or university attended will be required prior to any offer of employment. federal law requires proper documentation of identity and employability at the time of employ­ ment. east carolina university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ ployer and, as such, encourages applications from women, blacks, and other minorities. reference librarian(s). responsible for general reference utilizing tradi­ tional and computerized resources including opac, cd-roms, and online data­ bases. additional responsibilities include collection development in subject speci­ alities and participation in a comprehensive bibliographic instruction program. candidates must demonstrate well developed interpersonal and communication skills and the ability to work creatively in a rapidly changing environment. positions available as of february 1, 1990. qualifications: ala-accredited mls for rank of instructor ($26,260-$29,346) plus subject master’s degree for rank of assistant professor ($28,630-31,716). two years relevant experience in an academic or research library preferred. applications must be received by december 30,1989. send letter of application, resumes, and names of three professional references to: chief librarian, baruch college, 17 lexington avenue, box 317, new york, ny 10010. aa/eo. reference/media librarian. position provides basic reference service for library and media services. media portion includes occasional equipment set ups. requirements: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school. prefer looking for a job? a c r l ’ s f ast job listing service brings you jo b notices four weeks before they appear in college & research libraries news. this monthly bulletin also contains jo b postings that, because o f narrow application deadlines, do not appear in c&rl news. the f ast job listing service is sent to subscribers b y first-class mail the first w eek o f every month. y ou can be a step ahead o f other jo b applicants by seeing position descriptions very shortly after they are received in our office. subscriptions to the f ast job listing service are for a period o f six months— by that time w e hope you have found the jo b y o u ’ re looking for! the cost is $15 for a c r l members and $20 for non-members. y o u may use the form below to enter your subscription. y e s ! i want to see jo b notices as quickly as possible by subscribing to a c r l ’ s f ast job listing service. -----------i am a member o f a c r l and am enclosing $15. _______ i am not a member o f a c r l and am enclosing $20. n a m e :_______________________________________________________________________________________________________ a d d r e s s :___________________________________________________________________________________________________ c i t y /s t a t e /z i p :__________________________________________________________________________________________ please make checks payable to a c r l /a l a and send to the fast job listing service, a c r l /a l a , 50 e. huron street. c hicago. il 60611. make vital connections as a member of the association of college and research libraries, you can make vital connections through the society of american archivists. saa is the interdisciplinary organization for those who care about records with historical value. saa offers an inexpensive membership for people just like you. interact with professionals from a variety of allied disciplines who share your interest in materials with historical importance, including: •librarians • museum curators •historians • archivists • manuscript curators • records managers attend workshops, presented by an interdisciplinary team of specialists, on such topics as collection development and computer technologies. participate in the saa annual meeting, which offers a variety of educational programs and opportunities for interaction, including: • workshops • sessions • roundtables • sections • office hours • exhibits receive subscriptions to the american archivist, the society’ s official journal, and the saa newsletter. make vital connections with your archival colleagues become an associate member of the society of american archivists by contacting: georgeann palmer director of membership services society of american archivists 600 s. federal, suite 504 chicago, il 60605 (312) 922-0140 968 / c&rl news someone with reference desk experience in an academic, special or large public library. experience in microcomputer applications desirable. some evening and weekend duties. salary range: $16,375-^26,780, depending on experience and qualifications. applications must be in the personnel office by 4:30 p.m., november 30, 1989. send letter, resume, and names of three references to: director of personnel, st. ambrose university, 518 west locust street, davenport, ia 52803. affirmative action, equal employment opportunity. science reference librarian, williams college library. participates with the head of the reference department in providing both general reference service and special services in the sciences. answers specific questions using the reference collections, government documents and general collections. engages in more extensive research for readers when necessary. works with the science faculty in selecting, assessing, and maintaining the departmental science collections. serves as liaison between the library and academic departments in the sciences. performs computerized literature searches. participates in bibliographic instruc­ tion and orientation tours. serves as officer-in-charge of the main library on nights and weekends as scheduled. compiles bibliographies and guides, writes reports, and answers correspondence. directs the work of student assistants. maintains on­ going familiarity with technological advances in information science. participates in departmental planning and performs other professional assignments as needed. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited school. science background desirable. experience with computerized searching and end-user technology. salary from $22,000 depending upon experience. send resume and names of three references by november 27, 1989, to: james cubit, assistant college librarian, williams college, williamstown, ma 01267. an eo/aa employer. social sciences cataloger, the university of north carolina. position: social sciences cataloger. available: december 1, 1989. description: the social sciences cataloger is responsible for english-language monographs in the social sciences with a focus on materials for the general collection and the business administration social sciences (ba/ss) reference collection. the cataloger also acts as catalog department liaison and problem solver for the ba/ss collection. occasional responsibilities include supervising student assistants and assisting with the training of professional and paraprofessional staff. this entry-level position is one of two social sciences catalogers within the monographic cataloging section of the catalog department. the twelve professionals within the section use aacr 2 and library of congress classification and subject headings. they create original cataloging records on oclc and edit oclc records needing extensive re­ vision. qualifications: an ala-accredited mls is required. desirable qualifica­ tions include graduate-level course work in a social science discipline and familiar­ ity with oclc, aacr2, and library of congress classification and subject head­ ings. salary and benefits: this is a twelve-month academic appointment with a minimum salary of $21,000, and standard state benefits of annual leave, sick leave, insurance coverage, and retirement plan. deadline for application: november 30, 1989. to apply: send resume and names of three references to: barbara delon, library personnel officer, cb #3900, davis library, the university of north carolina at chapel hill, chapel hill, nc 27599-3900. an equal opportunity, af­ firmative action employer. because it offers so many opportunities for service to my library colleagues. “i sp en t 16 years in an academ ic library w here 1 experienced firsthand th e com plexities of serials m anagem ent, th e challenges of collection developm ent and the great d em an d s placed on academ ic librarians. at ebsco i’ve found a significant way to put that experience to work for o u r custom ers. “i'm an account services manager, a position th a t’s unique to ebsco in th e serials subscrip­ tion business. it’s my job to see th at you get all the help you need from ebsco to m anage your serials responsibilities effectively. so i listen... i advise... and 1 solve problems. ‘'like my co u n terp arts in ebsco regional offices across the country, 1 work with the o th er m em bers of your serial^ su p p o rt group—the ebsco sales representative, general manager and c ustom er service r epresentative—to ensure that the routine aspects of your subscription program are handled prom ptly and efficiently. but i’m also available to help with the m ore sophisticated, non-routine needs you m ight have—like collection developm ent reports, budget planning reports, inservice training sem inars, reviews of services provided and of others available through ebsco... w hatever your special needs may be.” lee ketcham, mls account services manager at ebsco, we think librarians deserve qualified personnel who know a nd understand llie challenges they face. isn't that w hat you expect from a professional subscription agency? s subsc s ripti s on ser f v f ices l in tern ation al h eadquarters p.o. b ox 1943 • b irm in gh am , al 35201 (205) 991-6600 contact us today to learn more. reference publications the development government subject directory 1990: assistance bibliographies a guide to the international almanac, of government development community in the u.s. and canada 1989-90: publications: the guide to a ll federal a compilation of books. edited by pam korsmeyer and financial and other reports, and pamphlets george ropes. second edition. preface. introduction. entries: 688 domestic programs available from the u.s. government printing office at organizations, 362 individuals. the time of their publication 1989. standing order available. $95 edited by pam d. oliver. approximately 950 pages. preface. compiled to provide a clearer appendix. index. standing order understanding of the theories and available. $65 practices of u.s.and canadian-based organizations and individuals in­ included in this master bibliography of volved 227 diverse, alphabetically arranged in contributing to the develop­ ment of third world countries. subjects are: accounting and auditing: africa; aging; alcohol. tobacco, and firearms; atomic energy and nuclear power; business and business manage­ ment; canada; child abuse and p rivatization : neglect; china; civil war; drug abuse, europe; food, diet, and nutrition; a sourcebook. foreign trade and tariff; latin america and the caribbean; mental health; edited by john sherrod. approx­ music; poetry literature; retirement, imately 500 pages per volume. social security; space, rockets, and foreword. standing order edited by j. robert dumouchel. satellites; travel and tourism; united available. per volume: $75 third edition. 749 pages. states reports; women; and many contains reports, surveys, and other summary tables. index. 1989. others with wide-ranging appeal. selected materials of trends, projects, standing order available. $55and practices of government, trade and professional societies, founda­ revised. enlarged. an invaluable tions, and other public and private available on 60-day approval. guide to over 1,115 government groups. 10% discount on standing orders. assistance programs. contains volume 1 concentrates on privatiza­ 4,000 addresses and phone tion of libraries, especially those numbers. includes information associated with government agen­ about government loans with and cies. future volumes, in preparation, without interest; fellowships, o m m m p n i c swill deal with privatization on the in­ ternational level and in foreign scholarships, living stipends; penobscot building countries. how-to-apply for assistance; and detroit, ml 48226 much more. master index fax: 313-961-1383 features 130 two-column pages. toll-free phone: 800-234-1340 structure bookmarks 944 / c&rl news positions openaccess services librarian, arizona state university, to manage the current periodicals and microforms units of access services, integrating them into one cohesive unit and providing a high level of service to patrons, this is a continuing appointmenttrack position, requiring professional development and service in addition to excellence on the job, and represents an outstanding opportunity for a bright recent mls graduate. the asu libraries are rapidly becoming fully automated and offer a dy deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.75 per line for acrl members, $7.25 for others. late job notices are $13.75 per line for members, $16.20 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their november 1989 / 945 periodicals services. preferred: library public service experience successful supervisory experience; knowledge of online public access systems; knowledge of serials control systems; experi­ence working in a microforms area or periodicals department. salary: $20,500 and up, dependent on qualifications and experi­ence, to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of libraries, hayden library, arizon personnel officerstanford university librariesassistant library personnel off icer for staff training and developmentunder the general direction of the library personnel officer, plans, schedules, pro­motes and evaluates staff training and de­velopment, continuing education and ori­entation activities; trains staff in personne and information management-related ac­tivities; assesses training needs and devel­ops workshops to meet those needs; ad ministers travel and tuition reimbursemen programs; oversees 946 / cirrl news two positionspenn state universitypenn state invites applications for the following faculty positions at the university park campus. head, earth and mineral sciences library. responsible to the chief, science and technology department, for administration and services to the earth and mineral sciences library, and for participation in planning, instruction, development of collections and online database searching. collections include approximately100,000 volumes, 1,500 current periodical and serial subscript continue to be considered until position is filled. send letter, resume and names of three references to: sheila g. johnson, assistant university librarian for reference, instruction, and col­lections, edmon low library, oklahoma state university, stillwa­ter, ok 74078-0375. aa/eo employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply. successful applicant must comply with irca.audio-visual librarian, the university of the west indies. applications are invited for the post of audio-visual librarian (at the level of librarian ill/assistant librarian) in the university librar­ies for assignment to the medical sciences library, eric williams november 1989 / 947 two positionskent state universitythe kent state libraries and media services seek applicants for two professional positions. the university libraries hold membership in the association of research libraries, the center for research libraries, and neomarl, a consortium often academic and research libraries in northeastern ohio. the libraries have fully implemented the notis online system in the main and five branch libraries on the kent campus and have a combined collection of over 1.6 million volumes and 7 medical sciences complex, mount hope. a good first degree (preferably in the biological/biomedical sciences) and a profes­sional qualification in library/information science required. expe­rience in audio-visual services, including acquisition and catalogu­ing of audio-visual materials, and knowledge of audio-visual equip­ment essential. experience in academic and research-oriented libraries would be an advantage. annual salary ranges: librarian iii: tt$54,708-$77,604; assistant librarian: tt$45,480-$49,296 references (as soon as possible) to: registrar, the university of the west indies, st. augustine, trinidad, w.l. further particulars sent to all applicants.bibliographer/reference librarians, two positions. the suny-binghamton library system is composed of the glenn g. bartle library, serving the social sciences and humanities and housing the centralized technical services operation, the science library, the fine arts library and three residential college libraries. 948 / c&rl news the university is a member of rlg. the bartle reference depart­ment provides service to the university community through direct patron assistance at the reference and government documents desks, database searching and patron instruction. the department staff are providers of information and research services, collection development for the social sciences and humanities, and as appropriate, service to the wider community. bibliographer for sociology, political science, afro-american and african studies and ment for management and economics, and reference services at the reference desk, online searching, and patron instruction. re­ports to head of reference/coordinator of bartle collections. requirements: ala-accredited mls, a major foreign language, experience with online database searching, effective interpersonal skills and a strong commitment to service and professional devel­opment are required. second advanced degree relevant to the position and academic library experience is preferred. screening for bot november 19891949 loging coordinator, this position is responsible for the original cataloging, complete copy cataloging, and classification of all serials, both current and retrospective, using lc classification and practices, lcsh, oclc and a local automated cataloging system. the serials cataloger will perform bibliographic maintenance of serial records on the online catalog (pac), resolve problems, supervise the clerical support of a small part-time staff, and serve on the bibliographic issues committee at carl. qualific qualifications: requires ala-accredited mls, or equivalent, and a minimum of five years experience in an academic or research library, including significant administrative and cataloging responsi­bilities. familiarity with integrated online library systems essential; excellent analytical, planning and communication skills. additional advanced degree desirable. the libraries include collections of over 3 million volumes, 25,000 current serials and extensive hold­ings of documents, maps, archival materials, m catalog librarian/serialstrinity universitytrinity university, san antonio, texas, invites applications for the position of catalog librarian/serials, a faculty appointment. san antonio, site of the ala 1988 and 1992 midwinter meetings, is the nation’s ninth largest city. trinity, with 2,400 undergraduates and 200 graduate students, is strongly committed to excellence in support of the liberal arts and sciences tradition. scholarly achievement is recognized through phi beta kappa, other national honor socie 950 / c irrl news stanford university librarieschief librarians(two positions) for automated bibliographic control (abc) dept., original & special materials cataloging (omc) dept.the stanford university libraries seek two broadly experienced, flexible managers with strong interpersonal skills and technical expertise in bibliographic structure and access to take charge of its system-wide cataloging functions. the successful applicants will function comfortably as part of a dynamic, diverse, highly interactive technical servic november 1989/951 promotional activities associated with cass. provide reference services to students, faculty, and other patrons. participates in collection development, faculty liaison, and user instruction pro­grams, as assigned. requirements: ala-accredited master of library science degree. a minimum of two years experience in an academic library, including online searching of dialog and/or brs. degree or substantial course work in science area is pre­ferred. supervisory experience preferred. ability to work confi­dently there are schools of law and medicine. the university is located in lubbock, (metropolitan population of 224,000), a center for higher education, agriculture, health care, banking, and business. lo­cated in the texas high plains, lubbock enjoys a temperate climate with 270 days of sunshine annually. the library has 1.1 million volumes and a materials budget of $2.2 million. planning for an online catalog is underway. application: applications received by november 31,1989, will be given first consideration. head of the bibliographic control departmenttexas tech universitytexas tech university is seeking candidates for head of the bibliographic control department, a key managerial position. reporting to the associate director of libraries for information access and systems, the head of bibliographic control directs 15 fte staff (4.5 professionals) in monographic and serials cata­loging. the department processes 28,000 items per year, and within the next 18 months will participate in implementation of an integra 952 / c &rl news collections. the curator will participate in planning, implementing, and evaluating programs for collection development, reference sen/ice, research, and financial support. the curator will also be appointed to an appropriate faculty rank in the department of the history of science, in the college of arts and sciences. this position is governed by the university's policies for teaching, research or creative achievement, and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifications: required: salary: assistant professor $28,966 (12-month minimum), associ­ate professor $32,755 {12-month minimum), full professor $37,766 (12 month minimum). benefits: tiaa/cref; state retire­ment system; comprehensive medical protection; group life insur­ance; 21 days vacation; university holidays; generous sick leave. history of science collections: the history of science collections contain more than 77,000 volumes supporting research and teach­ing programs in the history of science. the collections include numero director of librariesthe university of western ontario invites applications and nominations for the position of director of libraries.the university libraries comprise one of the largest university library systems in canada, with a collection of 1.9 million catalogued volumes and more than 2.6 million items in other formats. the system provides support for a broad range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional pro­grams through a central and six divisional and professional libraries. the libraries have november 1989 / 953 bstatien ungivehrsitay omf netwo yonrk two positionsthe state university of new york at binghamton, one of the four comprehensive doctoral-granting university centers of the 64 campus system, seeks applications and nominations for assistant director for information and research services and head, science library. the suny-binghamton library system is composed of the glenn g. bartle library, serving the social sciences and humanities and housing the centralized technical services operation, the science libra 954/cis-rl news libraries possess an ls2 automated circulation system and is implementing the notis library system. application: send letter of application with resume and the names of three references in­cluding current supervisor to: donald c. hudson, manager, admin­istrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. university of oklahoma is an equal opportu­nity, affirmative action employer.curriculum librarian/bibliographer for the school of education and human development. the suny-bin the cataloger keys records, establishes headings, and prepares authority records on gladis, the library’s automated processing system and catalog, required: mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent; familiarity with aacr2, marc format for bibliographic data, and knowledge of lc descriptive and subject cataloging rules. fluency in german is required; knowledge of one other western language, preferably spanish, is desirable. experi­ence with original cataloging and automated bibliographic data­ november 1989/955 libraries. faculty position responsible for overall library admini­stration and services, instruction, participation in planning and development, staff supervision, and effective involvement with students and faculty, the community and the university park campus library where processing is centralized via interactive computer systems. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; three years academic library experience with emphasis on successful public service and administrative activities; demonstrated ability to w or equivalent, demonstrated knowledge of library resources and services, experience or training in online searching, awareness of and sensitivity to the educational goals of a multi-cultural popula­tion, evening/weekend shifts. cross cultural experience and/or training (e.g., bilingual, bicultural background) preferred, aca­demic library experience or leadership in small library desired. available 4/1/90. senior assistant librarian starting at $33,168, this is a tenure-track position. priority given to appl reference and bibliographic useinstruction librarian university of southern californiacrocker business library, position #132.reports to head, crocker business library. provides reference/online information retrieval searches. lectures on research methods or specialized information sources. conducts tours, student orientation, training for uscinfo and compact disclosure. responsible for material selection and collection develop­ment for reference, international, and business. develops new career collection. 956/c&rl news locations. reports to director of university libraries and partici­pates fully in planning, resource allocation, and overall policy development, state-of-the-art library occupied june 1989, mercer university is a leading church related institution established in 1833, mercer provides undergraduate, graduate, and professional programs in the liberal arts, business, engineering, law, medicine, and pharmacy, historic macon (120,000) is located in a growing metropolitan area (280,000) only 80 miles south of atl department of english and comparative literature and depart­ment of classics. shares collection development responsibilities. required: ala-accredited mls degree; degree in english or comparative literature or relevant experience; demonstrated commitment to public service; excellent communication skills; basic computer literacy; ability to work with all elements of a culturally-diverse academic community. appointment at assistant or associate librarian rank, salary $26,136-$46,020. applications received by university of california, san diego the university librarythe library at lhc university of california, san diego invites applications for three positions. the university library consists of the central university library, the biomedical and medical center libraries, the undergraduate library, the science and engineering library, the scripps institution of oceanography library, and the graduate school of international relations and pacific studies library. collections total over 1.9 million volumes. ucsd is 958 / c&rl news map librarian, university of michigan, associate librarian. responsibilities: plans and budgets for services and collections of the map library; establishes goals and policies for the collecting, housing, and use of cartographic materials, including new ventures into the area of geographic information systems; and develops procedures for the most effective implementation of these goals and policies. the map library is a unit of the graduate library; the librarian reports to the head of graduate library refe accredited mls degree; ability to develop a well-planned and focused outreach program; demonstrated commitment to public sen/ice; excellent communication skills; basic computer literacy; ability to work with all elements of a culturally-diverse academic community. appointment at assistant or associate librarian rank salary $26,136-$46,020. applications received by november 15,1989, will receive first consideration, but will be accepted until the position is filled. send application letter with 1) a complete november 1989 / 959 archives librarian provides reference and bibliographic instruction services {3/4 time); under supervision of director of library serv­ices manages ius archives (1/4 time). ala/mls required; 2nd master’s degree in archives and/or records management pre­ferred. also required: knowledge of online searching, oclc, excel­lent interpersonal skills, strong service orientation, and appropriate professional experience. must be able to meet requirements of a tenure-track appointment. salary: $19,500/12 months. tiaa/ familiarity with library automation. salary: $17,631 minimum. excellent benefits. position available november 27,1989. univer­sity of the south, founded in 1857, consists of a very selective, coeducational, residential liberal arts college of 1,050 undergradu­ates and a graduate school of theology (episcopalian) of 80 students. sewanee is located on the cumberland plateau (about2,000 feet above sea level) between nashville and chattanooga. staff are engaged in planning an online library system for which fun 960 /c&rl news and software for personal information management. salary range: $26,136-$31,944 based on qualifications and years of expedience. excellent fringe benefits. personal interview required. send res­ume and list of references to: alison bunting, biomedical librarian, university of california, los angeles, ucla louise darling biomedical library, 10833 le conte ave., los angeles, ca 90024­1798. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer actively seeking minority applicants. librarians at ucla are represente eral collection, 1,000,000 volume equivalents in the documents collection, a staff of 100, and an fy1989-1990 budget of nearly $5,000,000. the libraries participate in amigos/oclc, dialog, brs, and have installed the not is automated system. salary and benefits: $19,428 salary plus $965 in state contributions toward social security for an annual minimum of $20,393. additional state contributions include up to $1800 per annum to health benefits package, and 8.5 percent of annual salary contributed by the sta late job listingsbibliographic instruction coordinator & public relations librarian. responsibilities: the university at albany, state university of new york seeks a librarian to assume primary responsibility for development, implem­entation, and evaluation of library instructional programs and to serve as public relations librarian. bibliographic instruction offers opportunities for: develop­ment of undergraduate instructional co-teaching course-related sessions; creative applications of video and cai tech november 1989 / 961 bibliographic maintenance section supervisor, catalog de­partment, northeastern university libraries, boston. (search extended.) plan and manage bibliographic database maintenance operations, post-cataloging materials processing and reclassification and retrospective conversion projects. train, super­vise and evaluate 4 fte support staff and 8 fte student assistants, plus temporary project staff. catalog in selected areas dependent upon departmental needs with an emphasis on reclassification and retrospecti 962 / c&rl news highly automated using oclc, a vtls-based online catalog, innovacq, and dialog, and has an expanding cd-rom operation. one entry-level position includes responsibility for original cataloging of monographs, theses and dissertations, editing problematic oclc member-contributed copy, and some retrospective con­version. salary: $20,500. one position expecting 3-5 years experience includes responsibilities for original cataloging of monographs, serials, special formats, and some retrospective conversion. salary november 1989 / 963 research (arl) library serving a student body of 25,000 and a faculty of 1,500, and which circulates about 500,000 items and interlibrary loans 26,000 items per year; it typically serves 4,000 users and answers 1,000 reference questions daily. the library benefits from the cooperative effort of an ala-accredited graduate program in library education. mu library is a full oclc participant, with an online catalog, automated circulation, and microcomputer support. it was recently awarded a $2 million national 964 / cirrl news vitae, and the names of at least 3 references to: lillie howard, chair, office of academic affairs, room 105 allyn hall, wright state university, dayton, oh 45435. wright state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ployer.engineering librarian. the position of engineering librarian in the hagerty library, drexel university, will be available 1 december 1989. the requirements for the position are a master’s degree in library science from an alaaccredited library school, a degree in an e november 1989 / 965 weeding, repairing, or replacing materials in collection. participates in general reference work, library orientation program. acts as coordinator for clearing copyright information on non-book materials. expansion of university in near future will provide opportunities for creative leadership. university is part of texas a&m university system and will become four-year in 1994. qualifications: alaaccredited mls, broad academic background; experience with non-book materials in university setting; knowledge 966 / cirrl news begin january 5, 1990, and continue until position is filled. send letter of applica­tion, resume, copies of transcripts, and three letters of reference to: jo ann bell, acting director of academic library services, joyner library, east carolina university, greenville, nc 27858-4353. official transcripts from each college or university attended will be required prior to any offer of employment. federal law requires proper documentation of identity and employability at the time of employ­ment. east carolina make vital connectionsas a member of the association of college and research libraries, you can make vital connections through the society of american archivists.saa is the interdisciplinary organization for those who care about records with historical value. saa offers an inexpensive membership for people just like you.interact with professionals from a variety of allied disciplines who share your interest in materials with historical importance, including:•librarians • museum curators •historians • archiv 968 / c&rl news someone with reference desk experience in an academic, special or large public library. experience in microcomputer applications desirable. some evening and weekend duties. salary range: $16,375-^26,780, depending on experience and qualifications. applications must be in the personnel office by 4:30 p.m., november 30, 1989. send letter, resume, and names of three references to: director of personnel, st. ambrose university, 518 west locust street, davenport, ia 52803. affirmative action, equal employment op because it offers so many opportunities for service to my library colleagues.“i spent 16 years in an academic library where 1 experienced firsthand the complexities of serials management, the challenges of collection development and the great demands placed on academic librarians. at ebsco i’ve found a significant way to put that experience to work for our customers.“i'm an account services manager, a position that’s unique to ebsco in the serials subscrip­tion business. it’s my job to see that you get all referencepublicationsthe development government subject directory 1990:assistance bibliographies a guide to the international almanac, of government development community in the u.s. and canada1989-90:publications:the guide to all federal a compilation of books. edited by pam korsmeyer and financial and other reports, and pamphlets george ropes. second edition. preface. introduction. entries: 688 domestic programsavailable from the u.s. government printing office at organizations, 362 individuals.the time o acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries a p ril 1989 / 329 25-26—archives: fenw ay libraries o nline and the society of american archivists will sponsor “understanding th e marc f orm at for archival and m anuscript c ontrol” at th e museum of fine arts in boston. t hrough inform al lectures and exercises in tagging archival descriptions, partic­ ipants will learn the structure and use of th e a r­ chives and m anuscripts c ontrol (amc) marc format. registration fee: $250. c ontact: mu­ seum of fine arts, 465 h untington ave., boston, ma 02115; or call m aureen m elton a t (617) 267­ 9300, x378 or n ancy allen at x386. june 3-6—serials: the annual conference of the north american serials interest g roup will be held at scripps college, c larem ont, c alifornia. c on­ tact: teresa malinowski, c alifornia state u ni­ versity, fullerton, p .o . box 4150, 800 n. state theidascasfe d lsi d ead lines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.25 per line for acrl members, $6.60 for others. late job notices are $12.60 per line for members, $14.70 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. t e le p h o n e : all telephone orders should be confirmed by a writ­ ten order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). g u id e lin e s : for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announce­ ments should include a salary figure. job announcements will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. applicants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. j o b l in e: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for aca­ demic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day, each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast j a b l is tin g s e rv ic e : a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $10 for acrl mem­ bers and $1 5 for non-members. contact: classified advertising dep't, acrl, american library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611; (312) 944-6780. materials wanted spa ce p r o b l e m s ? we will buy your surplus serials, technical, scientific and historic materials. send list for best offer to: colfax books, p.o. box 380542, denver, co 80238. college blvd., fullerton, ca 92634; (714) 773­ 2038. july 1 0 -1 4 , 2 4 2 8 —p re s e rv a tio n : t h e m ilto n s. eisenhow er l ibrary at johns hopkins univer­ sity, baltimore, m aryland, will offer tw o five day sum m er workshops on library and archives collections conservation. t heir purpose is to edu­ cate staff directly responsible for conservation in the use of economical approaches to the preser­ vation of books and flat paper m aterials. the w orkshops w ill include hands-on practice, a field trip, discussions on related topics, and stu­ dio demonstrations. contact: workshops, pres­ ervation d epartm ent, t he m ilton s. eisenho­ w er l ib rary , t h e johns hopkins u niversity, baltimore, md 21218; (301) 338-8380. salary guide listed b elow are the m inim um starting sal­ ary figures recom m ended by 16 state library associations fo r professional library posts in these states. j o b seekers and em ployers should co n sid e r these reco m m en d e d mini mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the o ctober 1 5 ,1 9 8 8 , issue of library journal, the ala survey o f librar­ ian salaries, th e annual arl salary survey, or the annual c upa adm inistrative c om ­ pensation survey) when evaluating profes­ sional vacancies. for m ore inform ation, c o n ­ ta c t the a la o ffice for l ib ra ry personnel services. connecticut $22,200 indiana varies* iowa $18,792 kansas $17,5 0 0 * louisiana $20,000 maine varies* massachusetts $22,000 new hampshire $17,500 new jersey $22,000 new york varies* north carolina $20,832 ohio $20,024 pennsylvania $20,000 rhode island $21,000 vermont $19,000 w est virginia $20,000 wisconsin $23,700 'r ather than es tablish one statewide salary min­ imum. some state associations have adopted a for­ mula based on such variables as comparable sala­ ries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian p o s t in these cases, you m ay wish to contact the state as­ sociation for minimum salary information. 330 / c&rl news positions open archivist/special collections librarian. late may, $28,000 to $34,000 dependent on experience and qualifications. to catalog and process; maintain and preserve collections; create ex­ hibits; and organize university archives and connecticut polish american collection. ala-accredited mls or equivalent, catalogu­ ing experience including use of aacr2 and marc, tw o years of re­ sponsible archive/special collections experience and effective writ­ ten and oral com m unication skills required. a ca dem ic library experience, reading know ledge of polish, supervisory experience and familiarity with preservation techniques preferred. send letter of application and resume with names, addresses and telephone num­ bers of three references to: stan blejwas, history department, cen­ tral connecticut state university, new britain, ct 06050-4010, by april 2 8 , 1989. ccsu is an aa/eo em ployer. women, minorities, handicapped, and veterans are encouraged to apply. assistant department head, catalog management de partment, cornell university. administer authority control and cata­ log support sections, assist with administration of department, over­ see authority control operations for cornell database and online catalog, serve as resource regarding authority control issues. qualifi­ cations: mls from accredited ala library school or equivalent; 2 years experience with aacr2/lcsh; w orking knowledge of us marc bibliographies and authorized formats; demonstrated ability to deal with com plex problems; reading know ledge of one or more foreign languages desirable. salary: m inimum $22,000. applica­ tions due april 15, but accepted until position filled. send cover let­ ter, resume and names of three references to: ann dyckman, per­ sonnel director, cornell un iversity library, 201 olin library, ithaca, ny 14853. cornell is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. as sista nt director for library sy stem s. the assis­ tant director for library systems lakes a leadership role in library computer-based systems, and automation planning and implemen­ tation. the incumbent will oversee and coordinate development and operations of library computerized systems; coordinate plans and operations within the context of university information services; w ork closely with other units of the libraries and the center for com­ p u tin g a ctivities; p re p a re b u d g e ts an d m a n a g e c o n tra cts for computer-based services and equipment; m anage the library sys­ tems office (7 professionals and 2 support staff); and represent the systems activities of the libraries in regional and national planning. the libraries are currently implementing notis for integrated sys­ tem support and library systems has prim ary responsibility for this effort. requirements are: successful com puter systems project coor­ dination or project m anagement experience in a large research li­ brary or similar environment; knowledge of library automation; line management experience; substantial systems analysis skills; famil­ iarity with data com munications concepts and options; and strong interpersonal, com munication and administrative skills. desirable qualifications include: systems developm ent experience; knowl­ edge of library technical and circulation services; knowledge of us marc formats; familiarity with notis software; and an accredited m ls o r th e e q u iv a le n t. s a la ry ra n g e s a re : l ib ra ria n ii, $35,500-$47,925, librarian iii, $38,500-355,825; librarian iv (ex­ ceptional experience and achievement), $42,500~$59,500. excel­ lent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assist­ ance w ith u n iv e rs ity h o u s in g . s e nd resu m e , lis tin g nam es, addresses and phone num bers of three references, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, colum bia university, 535 west 1 14th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is april 3 0 , 1989. an affirmative action, equal oppor­ tunity employer. as sista nt director of technical services. responsi­ bilities: supervision o f technical services (acquisitions, cataloging, and serials departments). staff includes 1 professional and 11 cleri­ cal employees. reports to associate director for automated & tech­ nical services and provides expertise and backup in automated sys­ tem s as nece ssary. r equirem ents: m a s te r's d e g re e from an ala-accredited library school required. five years previous experi­ ence in progressively responsible academic or research library posi­ tions preferred. experience and expertise using automated library systems preferred. comm unication and interpersonal skills to work effectively with library staff and user com m unity important. salary and benefits: $30,000 minimum salary depending on qualifications and experience. excellent benefits package—8 8 % of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement program s includ­ ing tiaa-cref. application deadline: to ensure consideration, a p ­ plications must be received by april 3 0 , 1989. send letter of applica­ tion, names of 3 references, and resume to: gary c. rasmussen, associate director for automated & technical services, moody medical library, the university of texas medical branch at galveston, galveston, tx 77550-2782. utm b is an equal opportu­ nity m/f/h/v, affirmative action employer. utmb hires only individuals authorized to w ork in the united states. audiovisual/com puter services librarian, assistant professor rank, tenure-track. direct library's learning resources center, m anage a-v resources and services, select a-v and com ­ puter software and hardware, assist faculty and students in selec­ tion, production, and use o f a-v materials, conduct workshops on a-v equipm ent use, supervise m icrocom puter laboratory, participate in reference and collection development. required, mls with media coursework, or m aster's in media technology; familiarity with m icro­ computers. desirable: m edia experience in education, experience in production of media materials, strong teaching and com munica­ tion skills. salary range, $22,000-$25,000 fo r twelve months. be­ gins: july 1989. submit application letter with resume, have creden­ tials sent to: dan bedsole, libra ry director, randolph-m acon college, ashland, va 23005. review in order of receipt of ail materi­ als. equal opportunity employer. women and minorities are encour­ aged to apply. bibliographer for latin america, spain, and portu­ gal. university of g eorgia libraries. (salary minimum $20,000.) duties. the bibliographer for latin america, spain, and portugal re­ ports to the head of the humanities departm ent and is responsible for developing and m anaging strong research collections of spanish and portuguese-language materials and other foreign language ma­ terials relevant to latin american, spanish, and portuguese studies. the bibliographer for latin america, spain, and portugal is also re­ sponsible for in-depth reference services, bibliographic instruction, and online searching in assigned subject areas and for facilitating access to these collections. the humanities departm ent is com ­ posed of five bibliographers and three support staff, qualifications: ala-accredited mls; fluency in oral and written spanish; reading knowledge of portuguese; subject expertise in spanish or latin american studies; effective oral and written com munication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships with colleagues, faculty and library users; advanced degree in a relevant subject area preferred; appropriate experience in an academic li­ brary preferred; working knowledge of other m odern european lan­ guages preferred; know ledge of com puterized database searching desired. application procedure: send letter of application by may 5, 1989, including resume and names of three references to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, ath­ ens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal o pportunity, affirmative action institution, bibliographic specialist for th e social sciences, seattle pacific university. position is a ten-month, tenure-track fac­ ulty appointment. responsibilities include: collection development, bibliographic instruction, reference service, online searching and participation on faculty com mittees and in professional organiza­ tions. candidates must have an ala-accredited mls and a strong background in the social sciences. appropriate subject matter mas­ t e r 's d e g re e is re q u ire d . r ank: a s s is ta n t p ro fe s s o r. s a lary ($28,000-$30,000) is dependent upon experience and qualifica­ tions. seattle pacific university is an evangelical christian university of the arts, sciences and professions. spu has a com bined under­ graduate and graduate enrollm ent of 3,300 students with an addi­ tional 4,000 students enrolled in off-campus program s each quarter. spu seeks applicants w ho are committed to the spiritual and educa­ tional mission of the university and its lifestyle expectations. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. send resume and letter list­ ing three or m ore references to: gary r. fick, university librarian, weter memorial library, seattle pacific university, seattle, wa 98119. phone: (206) 281-2228. closing date: may 15,1989. catalog librarian. seeking catalog librarian to coordinate retrospective conve rsion and im plem e nt autom ated services. should have knowledge of oclc, marc formats, aacr2, lc clas332 / c&rl news irrrtrrtririnrtnrjrrtr^^ head, catalog department miami university position description: department head responsi­ ble for the administration, personnel management, and daily operations of the catalog department, consisting of three professional librarians and 15 support staff. the catalog department provides complete processing services for monographs, se­ rials and special formats, as well as retrospective conversion and reclassification. in consultation with the assistant university librarian for automation and technical services, the head sets personal and department objectives for ongoing cataloging activities; recommends and implements policies, procedures, standards, and workflow for the pro­ cessing of materials; and participates in library wide bibliographic control decision making. education & experience: mls from an ala accredited program; substantial experience with online cataloging system (oclc preferred) and the marc formats in an academic or research library; thorough knowledge of the principles and applica­ tion of cataloging codes and authority control sys­ tems; demonstrated supervisory and communica­ tion skills. candidates must possess analytical skills, initiative, and the ability to provide leadership to the staff in a complex, rapidly changing, and pro­ duction oriented environment. institution & library system: the miami univer­ sity libraries contain over 1.3 million volumes, have an extensive collection of government documents and microforms, and subscribe to over 6,000 peri­ odicals. the libraries serve 750 teaching and re­ search faculty, 15,000 undergraduates and 1,000 graduate students. miami university libraries are in the process of selecting and implementing an inte­ grated online library system. appointment: twelve-month appointment, 22 days vacation, rank of assistant professor. benefits: blue cross/blue shield, major medical, dental insurance, term life insurance, all paid by the university. public employees retirement system. salary: $29,000 minimum. deadline: april 24, 1989 application: send a letter of application, resume and the names and phone numbers of three refer­ ences to: judith a. sessions dean and university librarian 271 king library miami university oxford, oh 45056 miami university is an equal opportunity employer. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 sonal and communication skills. preferred: original cataloging expe­ rience (either professional or pre-professional) in a research library; experience with a bibliographic utility; supervisory and training ex­ perience. salary: $20,000 and up, dependent on qualifications (but essentially entry-level positions). to apply: send letter of application and resume which together address all of the general and specific qualifications related to the position in which interested, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of university libraries, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287­ 1006; (phone: 602/965-3417). specify the position of interest and send separate applications if applying for both. applications re­ ceived by april 3 0 ,1989, will receive first consideration, although re­ cruitment will remain open until the positions are filled. asu is an af­ firmative action, equal opportunity employer. catalog librarians (two positions). rare book cataloging team, processing services department, yale university library. minimum rank, librarian i. responsibilities: full original cataloging of wide range of m onographs for the beinecke rare book and manu­ scripts library. may train and supervise work of cataloging assis­ tants. qualifications: ala-accredited mls. reading knowledge of one or more western european languages (spanish, latin, and/or german preferred). knowledge of current cataloging codes. famil­ iarity with library of congress rule interpretation and subject head­ ing practice, rare book cataloging and marc form at desirable. pre­ vious cataloging experience desirable. salary and rank dependent on qualifications; from a minimum of $25,000. application deadline: may 1 5 ,1989. please send letter of application, resume, and names of three references, to: maureen sullivan, head, library personnel services, yale university library, p.o. box 1603a, yale station, new haven, ct 06520. an eeo/aa employer. cataloger, librarian ii or iii. under the general supervision of the head of cataloging, assists in cataloging the resources of the university library, with emphasis on original cataloging of serials and monographs. additional duties include solving non-routine se­ rial cataloging conflicts and problems, converting retrospective li­ brary cataloging records for serials to machine-readable form, and training and supervising staff as required. some evening and week­ end hours may be required. must have an ala-accredited mls, a minimum of 3 5 years of relevant experience in a com parable re­ search library, including at least 3 years in cataloging, reading profi­ ciency in french and german, thorough knowledge of aacr2 cata­ loging rules and demonstrated successful experience in applying them, with emphasis on serials, must also have a demonstrated knowledge of lc classification and subject headings, oclc/marc ii form at for serials, a knowledge of pre-aacr2 cataloging rules, and a demonstrated ability to effectively plan and supervise the work of others. also desirable is experience with retrospective conversion of serials cataloging records, and automated cataloging and serials systems. anticipated salary range will be $25,000-$37,000 com ­ mensurate with education and experience. please send resume and salary history to: richard macdonald, personnel manager, univer­ sity of massachusetts library, amherst, ma 01003, by april 15, 1989. aa/eoe. cataloger (monographs), university of oklahoma, library faculty vacancy. duties: under the general direction of the head of cataloging, this position perform s original cataloging of m ono­ graphs in several subject areas, including science and technology and in a variety of languages in both book and non-book format; and other general assignm ents. q ualifications: required: mls from ala-accredited library school; some cataloging experience; biblio­ graphic knowledge of european languages; evidence of research and publication, desirable: broad educational background, includ­ ing coursework in sciences, mathematics or technology; familiarity with automated cataloging systems; knowledge of lc classification and subject headings, aacrii and marc formats; knowledge of russian; second m aster's degree. deadline for applications: may 15, 1989. available: july 1, 1989. salary: $28,966. benefits: tiaa /cref; state retirement system; comprehensive medical protec­ tion; 21 days vacation; university holidays; generous sick leave. uni­ versity libraries: a m em ber of the research libraries group and arl, the university library consists of a m ain library and six branches. the collection contains more than 2.2 million volumes, 17,000 periodical subscriptions, and three outstanding special col­ lections in history of science, western history, and business history. a major expansion of th e main library was completed in may 1982, doubling the size of library facilities. the libraries possesses an ls2 april 1989 / 333 automated circulation system and is involved in the implementation of the notis system. employment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, rank of assistant professor or above, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with re­ sume and the names of three references including current supervi­ sor to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, uni­ versity libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019 the university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. chinese catalog librarian/bibliographer. performs original and adaptive cataloging of chinese materials according to aacr2, oclc, and lc standards; provides reference services; par­ ticipates in collection development; supervises circulation and re­ serve activities; maintains bibliographic records. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school (preferred) or an equivalent degree from a foreign institution, or an ma in chinese studies; formal training in chinese studies with emphasis on humanities; knowledge of oclc/cjk or other automated systems and library experience desirable. minimum salary $19,728. send letter of application, re­ sume and three letters of reference to: personnel office, box 1184, washington university, one brookings drive, st. louis, mo 63130-4899. position will remain open until filled. initial review of ap­ plications will begin may 1,1989. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. circulation librarian. fitchburg state college is currently accepting applications for the position of circulation librarian. re­ porting to the director of the library, the circulation librarian is re­ sponsible for supervising the activities of 2 full-time staff and 20 -2 5 students, as well as stack maintenance. the qualified applicant will possess an mls, 2 3 years experience, will be self directed, and be able to work with diverse groups in a changing automated environ­ ment experience in an academic setting and with an automated on­ line circulation system is desirable. salary negotiable, commensu­ rate with experience, $22,000 minimum. please send resume, three letters of recommendation and ail college transcripts by april 22, 1989, to: personnel office, fitchburg state college, fitchburg, ma01420. circulation services & microcomputer librarian. directs circulation and reserve functions on dra automated system; supervises one non-professional and approximately 35 student as­ sistants; directs microcom puter lab; and participates in collection de­ velopment and bibliographic instruction activities. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; some circulation services experience; some professional experience desirable; demonstrated supervisory abil­ ity; expertise with microcom puter word processing software; strong interpersonal skills. salary: minimum $21,000. starting date: july 1, 1989. send resume by may 1 to: andrea hoffman, library director, wheelock college library, 132 riverway, boston, ma 02215. equal opportunity, affirmation action employer. continuing education librarian, georgia center, univer­ sity of georgia libraries. the georgia center is a residential confer­ ence center located on the university of g eorgia campus which of­ fers programs and credit classes to nearly 100,000 adults annually. (salary minimum $19,700.) duties: the georgia center librarian re­ ports to the educational resources librarian, education depart­ ment (main library), and is responsible for the development and management of services and collections of the georgia center for continuing education library, which is administered through the de­ partment of personal adult learning services. responsibilities in­ clude providing reference services; conducting formal library in­ struction; performing computerized database searches; preparing bibliographies, guides, and exhibits; selecting and evaluating adult and continuing education materials, and supervising one support staff. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; ability to estab­ lish and maintain effective cooperative relationships with colleagues, faculty and library users; interest in user education; effective oral and written communication skills; strong public service orientation. pre­ ferred: working knowledge of basic reference sources; creativity and flexibility in planning and implementing library programs. de­ sired: interestin academic librarianship; knowledge of computerized database searching; interest in and commitment to the concept of adult learning through continuing education. application procedure: send letter of application by may 12, 1989, including resume and names of three references to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action institution. coordinator, minitex/oclc services. minitex, a re­ source sharing network serving libraries in minnesota, north dakota, and south dakota, seeks a service-oriented individual to assume a minitex/oclc services coordinator position. the coordinator will work closely with participants providing oclc training and support and will take part in new developments that will affect library services assistant director main library public services ohio state university administers all user services in the libraries’ cen­ tral research facility, which include: information ser­ vices; circulation (including a state-of-the art book depository; construction to begin latter part of 1989); interlibrary loan; government documents; c u rre n t pe rio d ica ls; m icroform s; and several subject-oriented and area studies reading rooms. the main library’s collection of ca. 1.8 million vol­ umes and two million microforms is primarily in the humanities and social sciences. responsibilities also include adm inistration/coordination of five special collections units within the library system. personnel in all areas total 33 librarians, 46 staff and 43 fte student assistants. the assistant director works cooperatively with librarians, staff, and senior library administrators (in particular with the assis­ tant director for department and undergraduate libraries and the assistant director for technical services) and is responsible for maintaining good communication with faculty, students and univer­ sity administrators. reports to the director of li­ braries and participates in planning and formulation of policy for the university libraries system. re­ quired: mls from ala-accredited program; 10 or more years of relevant experience, a substantial portion of which has been in a research library; demonstrated leadership ability; ability to commu­ nicate effectively both orally and in writing. desir­ able: additional advanced degree(s)/training. li­ brarians have faculty status and responsibilities including research, publication and service. sal­ ary: appointment range of $45,000-554,000. posi­ tion will remain open until filled; applications re­ ceived by 1 may will receive first consideration. apply to: sharon a. sullivan personnel librarian the ohio state university libraries 1858 neil avenue mall columbus, oh 43210 an eeoma employer. qualified women, minority and handicapped persons are encouraged to apply. k x x k x m x x m x m x m m x x x k 334 / cirrl news in the region for the next several years. responsibilities: the mini tex/oclc program serves over 160 academic, public, private and state agency libraries. under the direction of the assistant director for oclc and reference services the coordinator will assist imple­ menting training and support program s for the various oclc sys­ tems and services. w orking with other minitex staff this person will provide technical information and problem-solving assistance to par­ ticipants both in regards to oclc and other minitex services. this includes conducting training sessions, providing telephone assist­ ance, and preparing training materials and regular informational mailings. extensive travel throughout the region will be required, as well as use of a personal car. required qualifications: master's de­ gree from an ala-accredited library school and a minimum of one year of professional library experience. knowledge of cataloging principles and standards using aacr2 and oclc/marc and expe­ rience using the oclc cataloging subsystem. w orking knowledge of one or more microcom puter software packages. effective written and oral communication skills. demonstrated organizational skills. preference will be given to candidates having any combination of the following: experience with library networking and cooperative li­ brary services; technical knowledge of ms-dos microcomputers and peripherals: experience with automated library systems in addi­ tion to oclc; teaching or training experience; flexibility and the abil­ ity to work independently and under pressure. appointment: the ap­ p o in tm e n t is in th e u n iv e rs ity o f m in n e s o ta 's a c a d e m ic administrative class. minimum salary is $26,000 and is dependent upon qualifications and experience. excellent fringe benefits. posi­ tion is available july 1, 1989. applications including the position num ber ul181 must be postmarked by april 28, 1989. applicants should send a letter of application with detailed resume and names and addresses of three references to: barbara doyle, personnel and staff development officer, university libraries, university of min­ nesota, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455-0414. the university of minnesota is an equal opportu­ nity educator and employer and specifically invites and encourages applications from women and minorities. curator, literary and cultural archives, the uni versity of connecticut. under direction of th e director for special col­ lections, the curator performs professional duties which require a comprehensive understanding of literary research and operation of modern archives and special collections. entails responsibility for the administration and maintenance of the literary archives, with spe­ cial emphasis on the papers of american poets and authors writing since the second world war. duties include participating in depart­ ment planning, formulating policies and procedures; acquiring liter­ ary manuscripts and other collections in accordance with collection strengths; bibliographic searching; negotiating with donors; provid­ ing reference services; processing collections, including accession­ ing, appraisal, and preparing finding aids; planning for use or auto­ m a te d a rc h iv a l in fo rm a tio n system s; p re p a rin g s u b je c t bibliographies, collection guides; hiring, training and supervising student assistants, and participation in recruitment and training of in­ terns and volunteers. qualifications: requires degree in archival five positions oregon state university oregon state university, a land and sea grant university and a carnegie-1 institution, has 15,000 students in 12 schools and colleges. programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels through the doctoral de­ gree are offered. the university libraries consist of a main collection of over one million volumes, and one branch, the hatfield marine science center library. the libraries are currently installing an integrated on­ line system. the staff includes 35 library faculty and 54 classified staff. the following positions are for 12 month appointments with 22 days vacation and excellent fringe benefits. those hired with a second mas­ ter’s degree will be appointed on tenure track with faculty rank and status as assistant professor; those hired without a second master’s degree will be appointed on a fixed term appointment as instructor during which they will be expected to complete a second master’s. the second master’s degree is required for tenure. general qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited program; a demonstrated ability to work cooperatively in a demanding and changing environment, and to communicate effectively with faculty, staff and students; ability to work independently and with others; willingness to serve on university and library committees; demonstrated ability to plan and organize projects systematically and to follow through from implementation to completion; the potential for continuing professional growth and scholarly accomplish­ ment. each position below has additional specific requirements. serials/acquisitions librarian: entry-level position under the supervision of the acquisitions librar­ ian, responsible for managing a serials collection of 15,000 titles; may include direct supervision of 9 fte support staff for the coordination of serials check-in, invoicing, claiming, and various aspects of transition from a manual to an automated system; instruction in use of automated serials control system; special proj­ ects in serials and acquisitions areas as assigned. qualifications: required: serials experience in a re­ search library at the pre-professional level or above. preferred: knowledge of an automated system such as faxon sc10 or geac. catalog librarian: responsible for performing original aacr2 and advanced copy-cataloging on oclc, using lc classification and subject headings. must be able to catalog materials in multiple formats and languages. participates in the departmental planning process with other staff members. reports to the catalog division head. qualifications: required: knowledge of aacr2 and standard cataloging practice; familiarity with library automated systems and a bibliographic utility. preferred: science/technology back­ ground; foreign language competence; some cataloging experience; and an awareness of pre-aacr2 cataloging rules and practice. head of government documents unit: responsible for selection, maintenance and control of large documents depository collection including international, federal and state documents; provides reference {continued on next page) april 1989 / 335 management or closely related field; or mls from an accredited graduate library program, with archival or special collections con­ centration; at least 2 6 years of professional archival experience, demonstrated knowledge or experience in literary research meth­ ods; knowledge of modern american and english literature. de­ sired: second degree in modern american literature; demonstrated ability to work effectively with the public in a reference position; com­ prehensive knowledge ot archival theory and methods; demon­ strated ability to plan and handle responsibilities and function with a high degree of independence. beginning salary high 20’s to mid 3 0 ’s, depending on experience and qualifications. send resume, cover letter and three letters of reference to: administrative offices, homer babbidge library, university of connecticut, u-5a, storrs, ct 06269-1005. applications received by april 30,1989, will be given preference in the screening process. (search 09a126.) dihector of academic library services, east carolina university, greenville, north carolina (search extended). the uni­ versity invites applications and nominations for director of academic library services. ecu, with over 15,000 students in ten professional schools, a college of arts and sciences, and a school of medicine, is the third largest of the 16 institutions of the university of north caro­ lina. located in greenville, nc, a rapidly growing community 90 miles from raleigh, durham, and research triangle park, ecu is the primary educational resou rce for the eastern region of the state. aca­ demic library services: comprised of joyner library and the music library, has almost 900,000 volumes, over one million microforms, staff of 86 including 30 professionals, solinet member, and ls/2000 site with online catalog and automated circulation. respon­ sibilities: senior administrative officer with faculty rank, reports di­ rectly to the vice chancellor for academic affairs, serves on the council of academic deans, has primary responsibility for all library operations. twelve-mo nth appointment. salary competitive, mini­ mum $60,000, qualifications: ala-accredited mls, earned doctor­ ate or equivalent in education and experience, minimum 10 years progressively responsible experience in academic or research li­ braries. demonstrated record of professional and scholarly activity. demonstrated leadership ability, superior communication skills, commitment to service, participatory management and shared gov­ ernance. screening of applications will continue until position is filled. send a letter summari2ing qualifications, curriculum vitae, and names of at least three references to: charles coble, chair, search committee for director of academic library services, joyner li­ brary, room 110, east carolina university, greenville, nc 27858­ 4353. federal law requires proper documentation of identity and employability at the time of employment. it is requested this docu­ mentation be included with your application. east carolina univer­ sity is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer and, as such, encourages applications from women, blacks, and other mi­ norities. engineering & business reference librarian, dart mouth college libraries, feldberg business & engineering library. ) 9 a d 9 9 l ) 9 a 9 9 a 9 9 9 9 9 9 l ) a 9 9 9 a 9 9 9 9 a a a 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 a 9 9 9 l > 9 a 9 9 9 a 9 9 a 9 a 9 a a 9 five positions oregon state university and information services in the government documents and microform units; plans for conversion of rec­ ords to an online system; assists with library orientation and bibliographic instruction; supervises 3 fte support staff; reports to the head of special reference services. qualifications: required: planning, orga­ nizational and management experience; demonstrated user-oriented philosophy, flexibility, 2 -3 years ex­ perience with government documents. preferred: supervisory experience, experience in online or cd rom database searching; research and publication record. reference librarians (science emphasis): (2) entry-level positions expected to participate fully in the library's public service activities including general reference, collection management, and faculty liaison. responsible for providing comprehensive reference assistance from a centralized reference collection; preparation of bibliographies and guides to subject areas in science. collection management responsibili­ ties for the life or physical sciences. additional responsibilities may include online or cd-rom database searching and bibliographic instruction. qualifications: required: academic background in life or physical sciences or one year’s experience in science reference, training or experience in online or cd-rom data­ base searching; demonstrated interest in bibliographic instruction. preferred: academic degree in sci­ ence; teaching experience. starting date: positions available july 1, 1989. salary: negotiable. $21,000 minimum with second master’s degree or $20,000 minimum without sec­ ond master's degree. send letter of application, current resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: barbara thornburg oregon state university kerr library 121 corvallis, or 97321-4501 consideration of credentials will begin immediately and will continue until the positions are filled. for full consideration, apply by may 1,1989. osu is an eeo/aa employer and has a policy of being responsive to the needs of dual career couples. minority applicants are encouraged to apply and to identify themselves for affirmative action purposes. © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © © 336 / cirrl news dartmouth college libraries announces the availability of the new log; end-user training in utilizing information technology; consulta­ tion with faculty to determine instructional and research interests; col­ lection management of the reference collection; and participation in providing fee-based information services to th e local and regional business community. qualifications and desired characteristics. ala/mls; educational background (graduate degree preferred) in science, engineering, business, or economics; and a minimum of two years of post-mls experience in an academ ic or special library are required. strong interpersonal and communication skills; strong reference and online searching skills; familiarity with the use and ap­ plication of microcom puters in a networked environment. other in­ formation: the dartmouth college library system comprises eight libraries with a 1.7 million volume collection. the library system has an online catalog and automated serials, acquisitions, and circula­ tion systems. all library staff have access to microcomputers and the dartmouth cam pus lan. liberal fringe benefits, dental and health plan options and tiaa/cref. rank and salary based on experience and qualifications with a minimum of $22,700 for librarian i, $25,000 for librarian ii, or $ 29 ,000for librarian iii. resume review will begin on april 2 4 , 1989. send applications to: phyllis e. jaynes, director of user services, 115 baker library, dartmouth college, hanover, nh 03755. dartmouth college is an aa/eoe employer and minori­ ties and women are encouraged to apply government documents librarian. administers u.s. and florida depository collections. also assists in providing general refer­ ence services, bl, and online searching. available august 1. ala accredited mls required. courses or experience in documents and online databases preferred. tenure-track, 12-month faculty appoint­ m ent at instructor rank. salary: $20,000. send letter, resume, names, and telephone num bers of three references by may 12 to; sims d. kline, director, stetson university library, deland, fl 32720. “ head, acquisitions section, michel orradre library, santa clara university (readvertised position). manages operations of ac­ quisitions section; supervises 5 fte non-exempt staff; oversees firm orders, serial subscriptions, domestic approval plans, out-of-print or­ ders, and gift processing; serves as prim ary liaison with university's business office concerning acquisitions budget of approximately 1 million dollars; coordinates acquisitions procedures with bibliogra­ phers required: mls or equivalent degree from ala-accredited program; at least 2 3 years of relevant professional experience; prior experience as supervisor or manager; strong interpersonal and communication skills; experience with automated systems; and ex­ tensive familiarity with the book trade. desirable: experience with oclc; collection developm ent experience; and knowledge of at least one modern foreign language. initial appointm ent at senior as­ sistant or associate librarian rank, depending upon qualifications. 1988/89 salary range $ 2 6 ,286 -$4 1,633. a pply by may 31, 1989, to: elizabeth m. salzer, university librarian, michel o rradre library, santa clara university, santa clara, ca 95053. santa clara is an aa/eo employer. head cataloger, search extended. stockton state college of­ fers four-year undergraduate program s to 5,000 students in the arts and sciences and professional studies, and is located in southern new jersey between philadelphia and atlantic city. the head cata loger reports to the assistant director for technical services and has the responsibility for cataloging monographs, serials and nonprint materials using oclc and the integrated online system, clsi. the librarian assists the assistant director for technical services in the supervision of the acquisitions/cataloging departm ent in maintaining workflow, the catalog, retrospective conversion, staff training, and enhancements to the online system. in con junction with the assistant director for technical services, the librarian recommends policies and procedures for effective operation of the cataloging area. quali­ fications: ala-accredited mls, knowledge and use of aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, and oclc; plus experience in original catalog­ ing and in cataloging nonprint materials. strong interpersonal and communications skills are desired. salary: $26,437 to $33,518 (12 months) plus state m andated benefits based upon qualifications, ex­ perience and increases in the new jersey compensation plan. a p­ plication: send application, resume and names of three references to: eileen dubin, director of library services, stockton state col­ lege library, pomona, n j 08240. review of applications will begin on may 1 ,1 989, and will continue until the position is filled. stockton state college is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. head, government documents librarian, university of position of engineering & business reference librarian in the feld berg library serving the thayer school of engineering and the amos tuck school of business. the engineering & business librarian works as a member o f an information services team providing inno­ vative reference services to the students and faculty of the two schools. responsibilities include bibliographic instruction; online searching using vendors such as dow/jones, nexis, brs, and diainternational documents librarian the penn state university libraries faculty position with academic rank in the docu­ ments/maps section of the humanities and social sciences department at penn state’s main campus library. this position involves a wide range of refer­ ence and instructional responsibilities with a pri­ mary focus on information resources and services related to foreign governments and international or­ ganizations. other responsibilities include coordi­ nation and participation in the documents/maps section instruction program; reference service at the documents and maps desks; and database searching. the penn state university libraries include col­ lections of over 2.8 million volumes; 25,000 current serials; extensive holdings of maps, microforms, and computer-based information sources. penn state is selective federal and state depository as well as a patent depository. the libraries have an integrated automated system (lias) and partici­ pate in rlg, oclc, and the pittsburgh regional li­ brary center. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or equiva­ lent, working knowledge of at least one foreign lan­ guage, preferably western european, and evi­ de n ce of po te n tia l for p ro m o tio n and tenure required. preference will be given to applicants with experience in a documents collection in a large re­ search library, experience with library instruction and database searching, and an additional gradu­ ate degree in a social science field. salary and rank dependent of qualifications, min­ imum of $23,016. benefits include liberal vacation, excellent insurances, state or tiaa/cref retire­ ment options and educational privilege. to apply, send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: nancy slaybaugh personnel coordinator box id-acrl e1 pattee library the penn state university libraries university park, pa 16802 deadline for application: may 15 ,198 9. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer; women and minorities are encouraged to apply. april 1989 / 337 maryland college park libraries. the university of m aryland col­ lege park libraries invites nominations and applications for a librar­ ian i position, head, governm ent documents/maps. responsibilities: manages the documents/maps unit. responsible for the collection, organization, and user service of u.s. governm ent docum enls, inter­ national documents, state agricultural extension documents, and maps. serves as prim ary contact on governm ent docum ent issues, which include the responsibility for m eeting the libraries' collection, service, and consulting obligations as a u.s. governm ent docu­ ments regional depository. supervises 2 librarians and 4 library tech­ nicians. qualifications required: mls from an ala-accredited pro­ gram. three years1 professional e xpe rience as a governm ent documents librarian, preferably in a la rge depository; demonstrated ability to effectively supervise and com municate; evidence of a strong commitment to pub lic services; and dem onstrated familiarity with current trends in documents. preferred: demonstrated familiar­ ity with organization of international documents, m ap collections, and current trends in technology affecting documents, and teaching or library instruction experience. salary: $27 ,264-$36,486. salary commensurate with experience. excellent fringe benefits. for full consideration, subm it resume and names/addresses of 3 references by may 1 to: virginia sojdehei, personnel librarian, m ckeldin li­ brary, university of maryland, college park, m d 20742-7011. the university of maryland is an affirmative action, equal opportunity em ­ ployer. he ad , in f o r m a t io n m a n a g e m e n t e d u c a tio n se r ­ vices. the health sciences library of the university of north caro­ lina at chapel hill invites applications for head of information man­ a g e m e n t e d u c a tio n s e rv ic e s . t h is d e p a rtm e n t o f 3 .5 fte professionals and graduate assistants provides instruction for users in search strategy, end user searching, file management, text man­ agement, and other related topics. workshops, curriculum-based in­ struction, credit courses, orientations, and consultations serve ap­ proxim ately 3,000 users per year. the departm ent head, reporting to the director, manages and participates in the departm ent’s pro­ grams, com municates with faculty to meet instructional needs, and participates in library-wide planning for instructional and consulta­ tion support services. required: ala-accredited master's degree; 4 years' experience, including reference and online searching and a minimum 2 years of bibliographic instruction; dem onstrated man­ agem ent skills. preference given to candidates with bibliographic in­ struction experience in th e health sciences o r sciences. qualities sought include excellent interpersonal and com munication skills, flexibility, initiative, good problem solving skills, interest in profes­ sional involvement, and a com mitm ent to serving the information systems librarian technical services university of georgia the systems librarian reports to the assistant director for technical services and participates in plan­ ning and coordinating automated library systems including marvel, an integrated in-house automated system, and the increasing use of microcomputers in the libraries. the systems librarian serves as the primary liaison between library staff and university computing and networking services (ucns) staff. the systems librarian works with all levels of library staff in the identification and investigation of automated system enhancements and problems. in addition, the systems librarian coordinates and conducts user education and training programs including development and maintenance of user documentation materi­ als. the systems librarian serves on the systems administration group, the decision-making and coordi­ nating body responsible for library automated systems development and implementation, and on the sys­ tems developm ent group, the review and m onitoring bo dy which coordinates marvel system development activities. in addition, the systems librarian may participate in other libraries’ groups en­ gaged in specific development tasks related to automated systems. at present, the marvel system has operational modules for collection development, acquisitions, fund accounting, circulation, and an online public access catalog. the systems librarian supervises one librarian and two support staff. the university of georgia belongs to the association of research libraries and the center for research libraries, and is a charter member of solinet (southeastern library network) through which it partici­ pates in oclc. the libraries’ collection includes over 2.6 million volumes, and 56,000 titles and subscrip­ tions on standing order. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; experience in a large academic research library; demonstrated ability to establish and maintain effective interpersonal working relationships with all levels of staff; effective oral and written communication skills; experience with automated library systems; knowledge of systems analysis and data processing preferred; familiarity with programming languages preferred; familiarity with microcomputer technology and/or applications preferred; experience in several areas of library operations desirable; supervisory experience desirable. salary minimum: $33,000. application procedure: send letter of application by may 19, 1989, including resume and names and addresses of three references to: george h. libbey assistant director for administrative services university of georgia libraries athens, ga 30602 this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal o pportunity, affirmative action institution. l i b r a r y s a n f r a n c i s c o s tate u n i v e r s i t y four tenure-track positions available. a ll positions require m l s from a l a -accred ited program . second graduate degree and evidence o f scholarly and/or professional activity preferred. full faculty status. expected to meet criteria for retention & tenure. the institution: one o f 19 campuses in the california state university system, sfsu is entering time of dynamic change under the leadership of new president. the university is multi-cultural, multi-ethnic & urban institution with more than 1700 faculty members and 28,000 students. over 100 baccalaureate and 80 master's degree programs offered. the university offers full benefits package. the lib r a r y is also in a time o f transition, in organization and in implementation o f the geac advance integrated system. collection numbers 2.4 million items; 740,000 books. staff totals 120 with about 50 additional fte in student help. acquisitions budget exceeds $1.5 million. three major divisions in the library: administrative services, media & print access, and new division o f reader & technical services. a ssista n t/a ssoc ia te dir e cto r for reader & cu r a to r , fran k v. de bellis c o l l e c t io n o f te c h n ic a l services the c al if o r n ia state university (rank o f administrator iii (12 month); $45,000-$62,500; (sr. assistant librarian , $31,680-$43,896; or associate depending on qualifications and experience.) librarian, $39,960-$55,548; depending on qualifications and experience.) responsibilities: should be a dynamic leader and effective collection is library-museum o f italian civilization, ancient manager to direct library programs for collection develop­ ment, acquisitions, bibliographic control and processing, and modem, with emphasis in history, literature, fine arts, reference, instruction, government publications, special music. holdings o f books, periodicals, music scores, sound collections/archives. rts staff number about 25 librarians recordings, manuscripts, microfilms, prints, artifacts, and and 30 support staff. duties: planning, organizing, budget­ coins number some 50,000 items. ing, directing, and evaluating programs, services, and responsibilities: responsible for acquisitions, bibliographic personnel. effective coordination/communication with all levels o f staff, other alds, university faculty and organization and public programs related to the collection; administrators. catalogs rare books and/or scores; supervises one library assistant; works with consultants as needed; offers research qualifications: required: 5 years o f increasingly assistance; plans exhibits, concerts, other public programs as responsible technical and/or public services positions in time/budget permit. academic or research library; demonstrated managerial, interpersonal, and communication skills; strong service and qualifications: required: pertinent experience in teaching philosophy; sound grasp o f library automation and academic or research library; reading ability in italian; issues facing higher education; ability to work collegially knowledge of italian civilization; conversancy with music with faculty/students/staff o f all backgrounds. preferred: history/performance and/or cataloging; public service second graduate degree; experience in both technical and experience, knowledge o f cataloging, a acr2, oclc or public services; experience with a library automated system. similar online utility; ability to work in collegial environment; demonstrated oral and written communication skills. preferred: speaking/writing ability in italian; rare books experience; knowledge o f greek and roman civilizations; supervisor of au to m a ted experience in fundraising/development; familiarity with b iblio g ra ph ic processing conservation/preservation practices.(sr. assistant librarian, $31,680-$43,896; or associate librarian, $39,960-$55,548; depending on qualifications and experience.) responsibilities: under the general direction o f the m o n o g r aph s c a t a l o g e r ,assistant director for reader & technical services, biblio g ra ph ic c o n t r o l unitsupervises staff o f 12 library assistants, plus student aides, in (sr. assistant librarian, $31,680-$43,896; depending on copy and adaptive cataloging and book preparation and qualifications and experience,)binding. works closely with bibliographic control unit, systems, acquisitions, and serials staffs to ensure efficiency responsibilities: under general direction of head, and responsiveness of bibliographic processing and mainte­ bibliographic control, assumes responsibility for original nance in all formats. plans and directs ongoing processing in cataloging of print and microform monographs. cooperates irapidly changing automated environment. working resolving problems with adaptive and copy cataloging. collegially, assumes a major role in overall library automa­ participates in library and university working groups and tion. contributes to educational mission o f library and university. qualifications: required: 3 years o f professional qualifications: required: pertinent cataloging experience; experience, o f which two must be in cataloging; knowledge working knowledge o f aacr2, lc cataloging practice and o f aacr2, all marc formats, and o f oclc or similar authority forms. preferred: familiarity with oclc & utility; knowledge o f library automated systems; ability to conversion to an opac environment; reading knowledge o f plan, develop procedures, communicate guidelines, and meet romance languages and german.changing ne^is; attention to detail; demonstrated oral and written communication skills; ability to work effectively with faculty, staff and students. preferred: reading knowledge o f foreign languages. demonstrated supervisory skills strongly preferred. a pplicatio n s: letters and current resumes, including name, address, and phone numbers o f at least 3 references to: eloise mcquown, assistant library director, administrative services, san francisco state university, 1630 holloway avenue, san francisco, ca 94132. deadline for nominations and applications is may 31. appointments will be made as soon as possible but no later than september 1989. n a n e q u a l o p p o r t u n i t y / a f f i r m a t i v e a c t i o n e m p l o y e r april 1989 / 339 needs of health professionals. salary based on experience and other factors; minimum salary $26,400. the health sciences library has a professional staff of 24; it serves 5 professional schools and a 600bed teaching hospital. send letter of application, curriculum vitae, and names of 3 references to: carol jenkins, director, health sci­ ences library, cb# 7585, university of north carolina at chapel hill, chapel hill, nc 27599-7585. to be assured of consideration, applications should be received by may 15, 1989. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. head map librarian (search reopened). the university of ar­ izona is seeking a professional librarian responsible for managing the map collection which contains over 200,000 sheet maps re­ sponsibilities include administration, public services, and collection development, as well as supervision of staff. the department in­ cludes a map cataloger, a .5 fte map reference librarian, a library assistant, and 4 student assistants. the head works closely with other departments in the library system, serves on library-wide ad­ ministrative committees, and is one of six department heads who re­ port to the assistant university librarian for central services. appli­ cants must have a master's degree in library science from an ala-accredited school, library experience with cartographic materi­ als or in related areas, and good communication skills. preferred qualifications include demonstrated management and supervisory ability, knowledge of library automation, and a degree in one of our emphasis fields or a related subject. minimum salary is $30,000; higher salary is negotiable depending on qualifications and experi­ ence. librarians at the university of arizona have academic profes­ sional status, are eligible for continuing status, are voting members of the faculty, and may take up to 24 days professional leave per year. they have 22 days paid vacation, 12 days sick leave and 10 holidays, send a letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: w. david laird, university librarian, university of arizona library, tucson, a2 85721. applications must be post­ marked by june 1,1909, to be considered. the position will be avail­ able september 1, 1989. the university of arizona is an equal em­ ployment o p p o rtu n ity, a ffirm a tiv e a ctio n e m p lo ye r w ith an affirmative action plan. women and minorities are urged to apply. ah persons hired will be required to show proof of their identity and right to work in the united states. head, media services. point loma nazarene college seeks applicants for the position of head of media services. responsibili­ ties include administration of the media center and supervision of two support staff and 10-15 student assistants; coordinating purchase of media, selection and maintenance of equipment and audio/visual film collection and facilitating equipment distribution. the media ser­ vices head will also plan and implement new policies and work with both classroom and other learning services faculty in providing necessary services to campus users. required: ala/mls or educa­ tional media degree. a minimum of three years successful academic library or media center management experience. excellent supervi­ sory, interpersonal, oral and written communication skills are essen­ tial. experience with microcomputer applications in media and/or li­ brary automation. academic teaching experience is desirable. this position, which reports to the director of learning services, is an eleven month appoiniment and carries full faculty status and privi­ leges. tiaa/cref. salary commensurate with education and experi­ ence. salary range: $20,000-$40,000. evidence of christian com­ mitment and active membership in an evangelical church. first consideration will be given to qualified applicants who are members of the church of the nazarene. position available july 1 ,1989. dead­ line is may 15 or until position is filled. send letter of application, re­ sume, and name, address and phone number of three references to: james d. newburg, director of learning services, ryan library, point loma nazarene college, 3900 lomaland drive, san diego, ca 92106. head of public services librarian/assistant direc­ tor. plan, develop, evaluate all aspects of circulation and reserve, interlibrary loan, periodicals, and reference; responsible for library operations in director's absence. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; four years reference experience; communication skills; work­ ing knowledge of computer database searching; experience with bibliographic instruction; strong commitment to public services re­ quired. administrative or management experience in an academic library, subject master’s degree, and working knowledge of word perfect, lotus l-ll-lll, desktop publishing application preferred. start­ ing salary: $24,000-$26,000. send letter of application, resume, graduate transcnpts, and addresses and telephone numbers of three references by april 20,1989, to: gaynelle pratt, personnel of­ fice, keene state college, keene, nh 03431. aa/eoe head of reference and access services. st. lawrence university, a private, non-denominational liberal arts college located between the adirondack mountains and the st. lawrence river, is seeking a dynamic, innovative person to assume the newly created position of head of reference and access services. reporting to the university librarian, this person will be responsible for planning, managing and developing reference desk services and reference collection development and maintenance. the successful candidate will participate as a co-coordinator in a planned team approach to public services activity and assume a key role in patron assistance for an opac environment. serving as resource person and superviminority internship ohio state university libraries the ohio state university has a strong commit­ ment to affirmative action and is actively seeking to increase minority representation in all areas of the university. the university libraries minority intern­ ship program is one component of the libraries’ overall affirmative action plan and is intended to in­ crease the representation of minority librarians at ohio state and to further the growth and develop­ ment of minority librarians within the profession. this newly established program is designed to as­ sist a recent library school graduate in making a successful transition to academic research librari anship. the ohio state university libraries, one of the nation’s largest academic research library sys­ tems, has the resources and commitment to intro­ duce and orient the recent minority graduate to the complexities of librarianship in a highly diverse en­ vironment. the two year internship will provide the opportunity for hands-on experience in most areas of the university libraries' operations, including the workings of both public and technical services as well as administration. the first year includes intro­ duction/orientation to the various departments and operations, while the second year of the internship will emphasize one or more areas of special interest to the intern. the internship may begin as early as 1 july, but not later than fall 1989. qualifications: re­ cent mls from an ala-accredited program (de­ gree requirements must be fulfilled by fall 1989). members of minority groups under-represented at ohio state are the focus of this program. salary: $21,600-323,040 plus benefits. the internship will remain available until filled; applications received by 15 may will receive first consideration. applicants should submit resume, undergradu­ ate and graduate transcripts, and names, ad­ dresses and telephone numbers of three refer­ ences to: sharon a. sullivan personnel librarian the ohio state university libraries 1858 neil avenue mall columbus, oh 43210 340 / c<brl news s o rto support staff in periodicals and circulation, this person will give online and administrative supp ort and will coordinate services to pro­ vide problem-solving initiatives for the successful delivery of libraryowned materials. required: ala-accredited mls; at least three years public services experience; strong com m itm ent to service; su­ pervisory experience; effective communication, problem-solving and interpersonal skills; experience with com puter technology as it applies to library services. preferred: additional advanced degree; academic library experience 12-month contract; liberal benefits; faculty status with one m onth's vacation. starting date: on or before june 1, 1989, preferred. salary range: $26,000-$28,000. position will remain open until filled. applications received by april 20,1989 , wiil receive first consideration. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of recom mendation to: joan larsen, search com­ mittee chair, owen d. young library, st. lawrence university, canton, ny 13617. st. lawrence university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em ployer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply. head of technical services, seattle pacific university. re­ sponsibilities include: m anaging/directing technical services, cata­ loging, classification, physical processing and bibliographic records (online, w ln, and c a rd catalog). c a ndid ates m ust have: alaaccredited mls; administrative experience in academ ic technical services; familiarity with a major bibliographic utility, at least one for­ eign language, application of m icrocom puters, retrospective con­ versions, and bibliographic database management; and effective in­ terpersonal and com munication skills. professional position, salary ($23,000-$25,500) dep ends upon experience and qualifications. seattle pacific university is an evangelical christian university of the arts, sciences and professions. spu has a com bined undergraduate enrollm ent of 3,300 students with an additional 4,000 students en­ rolled in off-campus program s each quarter. spu seeks applicants who are com m itted to the spiritual and educational mission of the uni­ versity and its lifestyle expectations. w om en and minorities are en­ couraged to apply. send resume and letter listing three or m ore ref­ erences to: g ary r. fick, university librarian, weter m emorial library, seattle pacific university, seattle, wa 98119 phone: (206) 281-2228. closing date: may 15,1989. head, reference department. duties: under the general direction of the director of library public services, the head of refer­ ence is responsible for the m anagement of the m ain library reference departm ent and for planning, developing, and evaluating program s and policies. the reference department, which includes govern­ ment documents consists of seven librarians, four support staff, and student assistants. the reference librarians' responsibilities include general and subject-oriented reference, database searching, library instruction, and collection development. in providing reference ser­ vice, the head of reference will w ork with other public services units six positions university of southern mississippi the university of southern mississippi libraries include the cook memorial library, the mccain library and archives, the teaching and learning resource center, and the cox library at the branch campus on the gulf coast. holdings include approximately 400,000 book volumes, 800,000 government documents, 2.2 million microformats, and 5,000 serial subscriptions. materials budget is approximately $1.2 million a year and student enrollment is approximately 12,000. the library system is a member of solinet and utilizes the bn a online ordering system and faxon microlinx. the initial phases of an integrated automation system are now being installed. librarians at the university of southern mississippi hold tenure-track, 12 month positions and have faculty status. an ala-accredited mls is required for all positions. applications are invited for the following openings: director of public services, cook library. supervises circulation, documents, ill, microforms, and reference of cook library. reports to the university librarian. qualifications: successful candidates must have excellent leadership, interpersonal, communication, organizational, and supervisory skills. at least five years public services experience in an academic library, or equivalent. supervisory experience re­ quired. preferred are librarians with experience in an automated library system and knowledge of micro­ computer applications. minimum salary is $30,000. apply to: eddie williams, search committee, address below. director of technical services. supervises all of the centralized technical operations, including acqui­ sitions, serials, and cataloging for all libraries in the system. reports to the university librarian. qualifica­ tions: successful candidates must have excellent leadership, interpersonal, communication, organiza­ tional, and supervisory skills. at least five years technical services experience in an academic library, or equivalent. supervisory experience required. prefer experience in an automated library system and knowl­ edge of microcomputer applications. minimum salary is $38,000. apply to: eddie williams, search com­ mittee, address below. acquisitions librarian/collection development coordinator. reports to the head of collection management. responsible for; 1) assisting with the daily supervision of the acquisitions department, 2) developing, implementing and coordinating the faculty liaison program in conjunction with the library’s collection development efforts. qualifications: excellent oral and written communication and interpersonal skills; three years experience in an academic library or equivalent, preferably in acquisitions and/or collec­ tion development; ability to work effectively, independently, and cooperatively with all levels of the aca­ demic community; familiarity with the oclc system. desirable: knowledge of vendors, publishing trade, and various approval and standing order plans; knowledge of current trends in collection development; familiarity with microcomputers and pc software applications (or demonstrated ability to attain these skills). salary, $24,000 minimum. apply to: caroline killens, search committee, address below. cataloger. responsible for original and adaptive cataloging of monographs, a-v materials, and serials (continued on next page) april 1989 / 341 including access services and branch libraries and with technical services units including collection development and current period­ icals. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; five or more years experience in public services; substantial supervisory experience; ability to work effectively with faculty, stu­ dents, and library staff; experience in database searching and/or li­ brary instruction; effective oral and written communication skills; evi­ dence of research a nd p u b lica tio n . d esirable: k n o w le d g e of collection development practices and procedures; second master’s degree. first screening date: may 15, 1989. search will remain open until filled. salary: $32,000 minimum. benefits: tiaa/cref; state retirement system; comprehensive m edical protection; 21 days vacation, university holidays; generous sick leave. university libraries: a member of the research libraries group and arl, the university library consists of a main library and six branches. the collection contains m ore than 2.2 million volumes, 17,000 periodical subscriptions, and three outstanding special collections in history of science, western history, and business history. a major expansion of the main library was com pleted in may 1982, doubling the size of library facilities, the libraries possesses an ls2 automated circula­ tion system and is heavily involved in other automation activities. em­ ployment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, rank of assistant professor or above, and are eligible for tenure. a p­ plication: send letter of application with resume and the names of three references including current supervisor to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, o k 73019. the university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head, reference department. the henry m adden library of california state university, fresno, seeks an innovative, flexible, and service-oriented librarian to provide leadership for the library’s reference department. the department consists of 7 professionals, 3 support staff, and 6,8 fte student assistants. the head of refer­ ence is responsible for general reference service; interlibrary lend­ ing; bibliographic instruction; com puterized inform ation service (database searching and cd-roms); and, selection and m anage­ ment of the reference collection. the head of reference reports to the associate dean for administration and serves on the library's administrative council. qualifications required: mls from an ala accredited institution; substantial reference and/or other public ser­ vice experience in an academic library, including some supervisory responsibilities; ability to establish effective working relationships with faculty, staff and students in a culturally diverse environment; knowledge of trends and issues in academic libraries and the ability to participate in systematic planning; strong commitment to service; evidence of research, publication, and professional activity. twelve­ month appointment, full-time, tenure-track, faculty status. appoint­ m ent a t ra n k a p p ro p ria te to q u a lific a tio n s . s a lary ra n g e $31,560-$55,548. attractive benefits package. correspondence, six positions university of southern mississippi for a branch library and other libraries in the university system. duties also include retrospective conver­ sion, reclassification, name and subject authority work, some catalog maintenance, and the supervision of one library assistant. reports to the chief cataloger. qualifications: knowledge of cataloging principles and practices, including aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, and marc formats; effective written and oral communication skills; ability to work cooperatively and effectively with others; basic typing skills. prefer professional cataloging experience in an academic library; experience with oclc or other major bibliographic utility in an automated library system; knowledge of microcomputer applications; reading knowledge of one or more western european languages. minimum salary: $22,000. apply to: florence myers, search committee, address below. library media services (audiovisual) librarian. assists in the coordination of non-book services for university library system and takes responsibility for cataloging of media and music materials. responsible for non-book reference service, materials selection, and assists in processing non-book collection. qualifi­ cation: knowledge of oclc, aacr2, lc subject headings and classification. prefer specialized media training or previous media service and some background in music. minimum salary $22,000. apply to: mary a. walt, search committee, address below. reference librarian. responsible for providing ready-reference and research service at the reference desk. participates in bibliographic instruction, online and cd-rom searching, and collection development. reports to the reference coordinator. qualifications: good oral, written, and interpersonal communication skills. knowledge of reference resources and services. ability to provide quality reference service to the academic community. prefer relevant experience in an academic library, familiarity with library automation and microcomputer applications, and initiative. minimum salary: $22,000. apply to: kay wall, search com­ mittee, address below. all salaries are dependent upon qualifications and experience. send letter of application (non-citizens must include current visa status), resume; names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three professional references to: search committee cook memorial library . university of southern mississippi southern station box 5053 hattiesburg, ms 39406-5053 applications reviewed beginning may 1 , 1989, and will continue until positions are filled. usm is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. minorities and women are encouraged to apply. 342 / cirrl news applications and confidential papers should be sent by may 10, 1989, to: herb fox, search committee chair. henry madden li­ brary, administrative office, california state university, fresno, fresno, ca 93740-0034. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. h is t o r y and g eo g r a ph y b ib l io g r a p h e r /g o v e r n ­ ment publications librarian. this is a full-time position di­ vided equally between selection responsibilities in history and geog­ raphy, and reference and other responsibilities in the government publications department. selection of history and geography materi­ als for the research collections is one of the principal selection re­ sponsibilities at northwestern. the responsibility in government publications is pnmarily for reference services and the selection of international documents. persons with a strong interest in interna­ tional, and especially western european studies, will find this a stim­ ulating and rewarding position. qualifications: mls from an accred­ ited library school and advanced degree in history required; ph.d. highly desired. strong reading knowledge of at least two modern eu­ ropean languages. minimum of 2 years research library experience and some reference experience required. some government publi­ cations and selection experience strongly preferred. experience with computerized information searches useful. excellent communi­ cation and interpersonal skills required. salary: $23,000-828,000, three positions montana state university head, information services department. tenure track, fy position. reports to the assistant dean for public services and works closely with the heads of other departments. coordinates and implements pro­ grams and policies for reference services, online information services, instructional programs, the creative arts library, and interlibrary services. participates in provision of reference, online, and instructional ser­ vices. responsible for professional (7 fte) and classified (4.5 fte) staff evaluation, training, and manage­ ment. required: mls from an ala-accredited program and second master’s degree or doctoral degree. four years post-mls professional experience in an academic reference/information services department, experience or training in interlibrary loan, library instruction, and online service. some management experi­ ence. preferred: the successful candidate will demonstrate excellent oral and written communication skills, the ability to work well with all segments of the university community and general public, and a record of publication and professional activity. salary $30,000-335,000. senior government information specialist. tenure track, fy position. responsible for management of government information department that is selective depository for u . s., canadian, and montana mate­ rials. oversight of collection development, provision of reference service, online searching, participation in libraries’ instructional program. responsible for training, supervision, and evaluation of department staff. required: mls from accredited ala program. three years post-mls professional library experience work­ ing with u.s. government information, some in a reference capacity. online searching experience, dia­ log preferred. substantial knowledge of processing u.s. depository materials. preferred: supervisory ex­ perience. subject master’s or doctoral degree in sciences or social sciences. record of publication and professional activity. experience processing u.s. depository materials. successful candidate will demon­ strate excellent oral and written communication skills, ability to work well with public, and strong manage­ ment skills. salary $27,000-$32,000. head of access services department. tenure track, fy position, rank commensurate with creden­ tials. reports to assistant dean for public services and works closely with other department heads to plan, implement and coordinate library programs and policies. responsible for management of circulation de­ partment, and av/microforms service. training, supervision, and evaluation of 9.5 fte classified staff and approximately 20,000 annual student hours. msu libraries has an inlex automated catalog system (cat trac) and fully operational online circulation component. required: ala-accredited mls; record of man­ agement and supervisory experience; three years post-mls professional public service experience; expe­ rience with library systems automation. preferred: second masters or doctoral degree; record of publication and professional activity. the successful candidate will possess the ability to work successfully with all segments of the university community and public; and strong oral and written communication skills. salary $28,000-$32,000. description of msu & bozeman: montana state university is the state’s land grant institution, enrolling about 10,000 students, it is located in the gallatin valley in southwestern montana 90 miles north of yellow­ stone national park, nestled in the rocky mountains with abundant recreational opportunities. benefits: 21 days vacation; tiaa/cref or state retirement plan; deferred compensation packages; life, health and dental insurance; university wellness program. application procedures: send letter of application addressing above qualifications, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four recent professional references to: (position title) search committee c/o office of the dean msu libraries montana state university bozeman, mt 59717-0022 application deadline: screening will begin may 1, 1989, and continue until suitable candidates are hired. montana state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer and encourages applications from women, minorities and handi­ capped/disabled persons, vietnam era and disabled veterans. april 1989 / 343 depending on qualifications. available immediately. send letter of application and resume, including the names of three references, to: ann smith, personnel manager, northw estern university library, evanston, il 60208. applications received b y april 2 8 ,1 989, will be considered. an eeo/aa employer. instructional services librarian. point lom a nazarene college. reference desk duty (some evening and weekend hours), database searching, and serving as liaison for bibliographic instruc­ tion and collection developm ent with several academ ic depart­ ments. qualifications: ala/m ls, some academ ic library experience. science education and background desirable. this position, which reports to the director of learning services, is a ten month appoint­ ment and carries full faculty status and privileges. tiaa/cref. salary c om m e nsurate w ith e d u c a tio n an d e x p e rie n c e . r ange: $20,000-$40,000. evidence of christian com m itm ent and active membership in an evangelical church. first consideration will be given to qualified applicants who are members of the church of the nazarene. position available septem ber 1 ,1 989. deadline is may 15 or until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and name, address and phone num ber of three references to: jam es d. newburg, director of learning services, ryan library, point loma nazarene co llege, 3900 lom aland drive, san diego, ca 92106. instructional services librarian. provides coordina tion, staff developm ent, and support for instructional program s to meet varied needs of northwestern university library users. partici­ pates in general reference services, in cluding reference desk assist­ ance (some nights and weekends), com puterized database search­ ing, liaison responsibilities with the faculty, and research consultation by appointment. qualifications: mls from accredited library school and an academic background in one or m ore areas in the humanities or social sciences are required. two years research library experi­ ence required. previous experience with library user educational services strongly preferred. applicants with background in instruc­ tional design or other education field are encouraged to apply. abil­ ity to comm unicate effectively with other librarians, support staff, fac­ ulty, and students, is required. evidence of research ability and professional involvem ent is desired. salary: $23,000 + , depending on qualifications. available immediately. send letter of application and resume, including names of three references, to: ann smith, personnel manager, northw estern u niversity library, evanston, il 60208. applications received b y april 28, 1989, will be consid­ ered. an eeo/aa employer. monographic catalog er (africana). performs original and complex copy cataloging of m onographs using northwestern’s notis system, aacr2, lcsh, and dewey classification. works cat­ aloged are from or abo ut africa. they may be on any subject and in any of a variety of prim arily roman alphabet languages. contributes authority records to naco. qualifications: master’s from an alaaccredited library school. knowledge sufficient to perform subject analysis in two or m ore relevant m odern european languages, pref­ erably including french (other desirable languages include ger­ man, portuguese, italian and afrikaans). familiarity with the marc books and authorities formats. fully original cataloging experience in an automated environment preferred. some africana background desirable, but not required. salary: $ 2 1 ,000~$25,000. send applica­ tion and resume, including names of three references to: ann smith, personnel manager, northw estern university library, evanston, il 60208. available imm ediately. an eeo/aa employer. original m onographic cataloger (assistant librarian), central technical services department. the university of minnesota libraries-twin cities seeks applicants for the position of original cataloger in the m onographic/o riginal cataloging division of the central technical services department. this is one of nine profes­ sional positions in the division. responsibilities: original cataloging online of m onographs in english and western european languages, as appropriate to la nguage qualifications, and generai divisional du­ ties. in addition, contributions to the profession are a responsibility of all librarians at the university of minnesota. minimum qualifications: requirements include ala-accredited mls or its foreign equivalent, two years of original m onographic cataloging experience in an aca­ demic or research library, com petence in the assignment of lc clas­ sification and subject headings, com petence with the marc format, thorough knowledge of aacr2, working know ledge of romance and germanic languages, a subject background in the humanities, and experience with rlin, oclc o r notis. appointm ent: this is a twelve-month academic/professional position with probationary ap­ pointment at the assistant librarian rank. to gain continuous ap­ pointment, successful perform ance of jo b responsibilities and a rec­ ord of professional contributions is required. m inimum salary is $25,000. position available immediately. application must be post­ marked by june 1,1989. applicants should send a letter of applica­ tion with detailed resume and names and addresses of three refer­ ences to; barbara doyle, personnel and staff development officer, university of m innesota libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. please identify application with ul 180. the university of minnesota is an equal opportunity ed­ ucator and em ployer and specifically invites and encourages appli­ cations from women and minorities. note: the immigration reform and control a ct of 1986 requires all new em ployees to subm it verifi­ cation of identity and authorization to w o rk in the united states at tim e of hire. reference/ill librarian, oesterle library, north central col­ lege, naperville, il. north central college is a com prehensive liberal arts college of about 2,000 students in the fast-growing western sub­ urbs of chicago. the library is a participant in the statewide auto­ mated circulation system (lcs) and online catalog. reference duties include bibliographic instruction, online searching, cd-rom and lcs in s tru c tio n . w ill a lso s u p e rv is e in te r lib r a r y lo a n . som e + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + two positions hofstra university catalog librarian. responsibilities include cat­ aloging materials in all formats, maintaining online bibliographic database, editing oclc contributed cataloging, and working closely with support staff. qualifications include experience with computer applications in academic libraries, ability to commu­ nicate cataloging principles effectively, and compe­ tency in one or more european languages. salary range: $26,000-527,600. bibliographic instruction librarian. respon­ sibilities include developing/coordinating/promot­ ing the bl program, conducting orientation lectures in library use/resources, providing general and in­ depth reference service, and performing online re­ trieval searches. qualifications include at least two years’ bl/reference/online searching experience in an a c a d e m ic lib ra ry. s alary range: $24,000-325,550. both positions are tenure-track appointments, require ala/mls, and begin on september 1. appointment at assistant professor rank requires a subject master’s. benefits include tiaa/cref, 42 vacation/research days, and broad insurance coverage. complete job descriptions on request. review of applications will begin april 5, and continue until suitable candidates are selected. send resume and names of three current refer­ ences (with phone numbers) to: catalog: howard graves, catalog department bl: janet w agner, reference department axinn library hofstra university 1000 fulton ave. hempstead, ny 11550 aa/eoe. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + 344 / cirrl news evening/weekend hours. qualifications: ala-mls, excellent human relations skills, experience with online systems (dialog, oclc). 12 month contract, salary range $21,000-$24,000 depending on expe­ rience and qualifications; tiaa/cref and other liberal fringe bene­ fits. send letter, resume and names and phone num bers of 3 references to: edward meachen, library director, oesterle library, north central college, 320 e. school, naperville, il 60566. dead­ line for application: may 1. north central college is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. heferencejliaison librarian, assistant professor (tenure leading). branch services department, starting july 1,1989.1) pro­ vides service at reference/ information desk. 2) selects materials for two positions texas christian university texas christian university, a research institution of some 7,000 students, is seeking candidates for two library vacancies. 1) systems librarian. the systems librarian will di­ rect a 1.5 million dollar library automation project. required qualifications include an ala-accredited m ls, at least two years of background in library sys­ tems (preferably in an academic environment), and demonstrated familiarity with microcomputers and telecommunications. working with both the univer­ sity computer center on systems issues and with library technical services on maintenance of the database, the systems librarian will be expected to have some program m ing competencies and a working knowledge of marc formats. the appoint­ ment will be a staff position reporting directly to the university librarian. strong communication skills and an ability to work effectively with the three divi­ sions of the library and external agencies are impor­ tant. salary commensurate with experience. strong fringe benefits. application should include letter de­ tailing background, vita and names of three refer­ ences that can speak to systems qualifications. 2) technical services librarian. tcu is seeking a cataloger to join the technical services staff of 17, including 5 professionals. responsibilities will in­ clude monograph and serials cataloging using aacr2, lc classification and lcsh on oclc. ala-accredited mls required. facility with at least one modern european language preferred. pre­ vious experience with supervision, m icrocom ­ puters, and local systems preferred. knowledge of marc formats helpful. demonstrated interper­ sonal skills. salary: $19,000-$20,000. application should include letter detailing background, vita and names of three references. applications received by april 20, 1989, will be given first consideration. mail to: j. koelker mary couts burnett library texas christian university box 32904 fort worth, tx 76129 ~ library collections in assigned subject areas serving the institute of agriculture and natural resources: biochemistry, agronomy, horti­ culture, and plant pathology. 3) conducts online searches in data bases related to collection development and liaison assignments. 4) provides user education in assigned subject areas. 5) provides liai­ son with faculty, students, and staff in assigned areas. 6) performs other duties as assigned, required: mls from an ala-accredited li­ brary school, excellent interpersonal skills, degree in one of as­ signed subject areas or relevant work experience. preferred: gradu­ ate degree in one of assigned subject areas, experience in online searching, reference experience, user education experience, and collection development experience. $20,000 minimum for a 12 month contract. salary may be higher depending upon the qualifica­ tions of the successful applicant, apply with full resume plus names and current addresses/telephone numbers of three references by may 15 to: kent hendrickson, dean of libraries, 106 love library, university of nebraska-llncoln, lincoln, ne 68588-0410. affirm ative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian/education specialist, assistant professor (tenure-leading). central reference services department starting july 1 . 1) service on the reference/information desk. 2) re­ sponsibility for collection development in social science and humani­ ties areas, with emphasis in education. 3) provision of user education in assigned subject area(s). 4) liaison with faculty and students in the social sciences and humanities. 5) online searching in the social sci­ ences and humanities. 6) olher duties as assigned. required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; strong interpersonal skills; demonstrated oral and written communication skills; degree or rele­ vant experience in the field of education. preferred: experience in reference service; graduate degree in the social sciences or humani­ ties; reading knowledge of one or more foreign language(s); experi­ ence in online searching. $20,000 minimum for a 12-month contract. salary may be higher depending upon the qualifications of the suc­ cessful applicant. apply with full resume plus names and current ad­ dresses/telephone numbers of three references by may 15 to: kent hendrickson, dean of libraries, 106 love library, university of nebraska-lincoln, lincoln, ne 68588-0410. affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian, humanities and history division. re­ sponsibilities include providing ready reference and in-depth refer­ ence service to users of the columbia university libraries, with pri­ mary responsibility for humanities and history as well as general reference; providing library instruction on a one-to-one basis and through formal class lectures on the use o f reference materials and information sources at columbia in print and electronic formats; and conducting database searches using commercial databases, rlin and clio. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements include: working knowledge of at least two european languages; strong background in the humanities, social sciences, and/or historical sci­ ences; proven ability to pursue bibliographic research; superior in­ terpersonal and communications skills. preference will be given to candidates with relevant reference and com m ercial database se a rc h in g e x p e rie n c e . s a lary ran g e s are: l ib ra ria n i, $25,000 -$3 2,5 00; librarian ii, $27,000 -$3 6,4 50; librarian iii, $30,000-$43,500. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. send re­ sume, listing names, addresses and phone numbers of three refer­ ences, to: kathleen m. wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027, deadline for applications is april 3 0 ,1989. an affirmative action, equal o pportunity employer. reference librarian (nights). incumbent is responsible for providing reference assistance in a centralized section sunday through thursday evenings. also provides formal and informal bib­ liographic instruction, conducts bibliographic database searches, and staffs reference desk during scheduled hours, including some holidays. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls. second master's degree and knowledge of one or more modern european languages are strongly preferred. some experience in reference ser­ vices in a medium to large academic library is desirable. appoint­ ment with faculty rank, status, and benefits. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience; minimum, $22,000. letter of ap­ plication, resume, and names of three references will be accepted at he university of southwestern louisiana through may 1, 1989, or until position is filled, and should be addressed to: donald l., sa t porito, director of libraries, university libraries, university of april 1989 / 345 southwestern louisiana, 302 e. st. mary blvd., lafayette, la 70503. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian. participates with the head of the refer­ ence department in providing reference service by assisting library patrons in the use of the card and online catalog, and answering spe­ cific questions using the reference collections, government docu­ ments and general collections. has charge of interlibrary loan. en­ gages in bibliographic instruction and orientation tours. assists in selecting, assessing, and maintaining the reference collection. per­ forms computerized literature searches. assists library users with mi­ crotext material and equipment. serves as officer-in-charge of the li­ brary on nights a nd w eekends as sched uled. c om piles bibliographies and guides, writes reports, and answers correspon­ dence as needed. directs the work of student assistanls. participates in departmental planning and performs other professional assign­ ments in the reference department as needed. maintains ongoing familiarity with technological advances in information science. quali­ fications: mls from an accredited ala school and reference experi­ ence. experience in computerized searching. communication skills. salary from $22,000, depending upon experience. send resume and names of three references by may 10,1989, to: phyllis cutler, college librarian, williams college, williamstown, ma01267. an eo/aa employer. p e p p e r d i n e u n i v e r s i t y m a l i b u , c a l i f o r n i a d ir e c t o r o f l ib r a r ie s p e p p e r d i n e u n i v e r s i t y invites nominations and applications for the position of director of libraries, which is the chief administrative officer of the library system serving seaver college, the school of business and management, and the graduate school of education and psychology. the system consists of the central library in malibu and branch libraries in culver city, irvine, and encino, with a total of over 330,000 volumes and 2,200 periodical subscriptions. the virginia tech library system is in use, and there is a close working relationship with academic computing and with the school of law library. the central library facility in malibu was recently renovated and expanded, resulting in major additions of stack space and a doubling of seating space. the director of libraries reports directly to the provost of the university. as chief administrative officer, the director has responsibility for leadership and direction of all operations in the library system, development and improvement of collections and services, planning and budgeting, and the audio-visual center. a master’s degree from an ala accredited school of library and/or information science is essential. a second master’s degree or the doctorate in an appropriate field is desirable. special qualifications for the position include evidence of successful managerial skills in library administration, knowledge and experience with electronic information retrieval systems and new library technologies, effective communication skills and relationships with library staff, students, faculty, and administration, and commitment to the mission of the university. the appointment will begin on september 1,1989. salary and benefits are competitive. minimum salary is $50,000. pepperdine university enrolls over 6,500 students in its four colleges. the university is an independent christian university under the control of a self-perpetuating board of regents and is related to the churches of christ. applications should include a letter of interest and resume including names and telephone numbers of references. applications and nominations should be submitted to: pepperdine university • office of the provost • malibu, ca 90265. pepperdine university is an equal opportunity employer. 346 / cirrl news reference librarian, search reopened. reference librarian position in learning resources center has been reopened in new community college in plano, texas, which is within the dallas metro plex. responsibilities include reference desk coverage, collection development, instruction-in-use, and specialized assignments. to­ tally computerized library requires applicants with oclc, clsi, or some library com puter training and experience. film and video li­ brary background is helpful. occasional evening work may be re­ quired. applicants with academic (especially com munity college) or public library background preferred with a minimum of three years professional librarian experience required. base salary $24,550. a p ­ plication materials will be accepted until the position is filled. submit letter of interest, resume, and official graduate transcripts to: collin county community c ollege, personnel office, 2200 west univer­ sity, mckinney, tx 75070. equal o pportunity employer. science librarian/bibliographer. position description the science librarian/bibliographer provides science and engi­ neering reference service at the information desk in the new science and technology library (stl); participates in collection develop­ ment, library instruction, online database searching and faculty liai­ son. the science and technology library seeks a librarian to take responsibility for the chemical sciences. the science librarian/bib­ liographer is a new position and is one of three professional and four classified positions reporting directly to the head of stl. qualifica­ tions: required; m aster's degree from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of science and engineering reference and biblio­ graphic resources. desired: experience o r academic preparation in one of the sciences, preferably chemistry; training and experience in online database searching, in particular the chemistry databases. employment: full-time. non-traditional w o rk week. location: the university of texas at arlington, located in the dallas-fort worth me troplex, has a current enrollm ent of approximately 23,000 and offers 97 degrees, 21 at the ph d level. the university libraries presently have approximately 1,250,000 items in the collections, a staff of 100, and an fy 1988-89 budget of nearly $5,000,000. the libraries par­ ticipate in amigos/oclc, dialog, brs, and have installed the notis automated system. salary and benefits: $18,502 salary plus $965 in state contribution tow ard social security for an annual mini­ mum of $19,467. additional state contributions include $1,380/an­ num to health and benefits package, and 8.5 percent of annual sal­ a ry contributed by the state for optional retirem ent program s. applications: applications should include a resume and the names and addresses of three professional references. consideration for the position will begin may 1 , 1989, and will continue until a satisfac­ tory candidate has been found. applications should be addressed to: chair, science librarian search committee, the university of texas at arlington, p.o. box 19497, arlington, tx 76019. applica­ tions from qualified minorities are encouraged. the university of texas at arlington is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. science librarian, science and technology libraries. syra­ cuse university library. reports to the head, science and technol­ ogy libraries. provides reference, bibliographic instruction, online searching and other public service functions. supervises one of the public or technical services units within the science and technology libraries. under the general direction of the associate university li­ brarian for collections, selects materials in the sciences. serves as liaison between the library and the faculty of th e academic depart­ ments in the areas of collection developm ent responsibility. the sci­ ence and technology library serves the information needs of the syracuse university community. aside from th e science and tech­ nology libraries com prising 400,000 volumes in the areas of biol­ ogy, chem istry, com puter science, and engineering, separate branch libraries for physics, geology and mathematics, which are part of the science and technology libraries, are housed adjacent to the departm ents they serve. the syracuse university library is a m ember of arl, crl and an associate member of rlg. required: mls from an ala-accredited institution, training and experience in online searching, strong organizational, interpersonal, oral and writ­ ten communication skills. preference will be given to candidates with experience as a science librarian, an undergraduate or graduate de­ gree in the sciences and/or experience in collection development. salary: $20 ,000 m inim um , com m ensurate with experience and qualifications. send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: search committee fo r science librarian, sci­ ence and technology libraries, office of human resources, syra­ cuse university, skytop offices, syracuse, ny 13244-5300. appli­ cations received by may 15,1989, will be given first consideration. syracuse university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em ­ ployer the university is particularly interested in the application or nomination of women and minorities. science/techno lo gy library manager. seeking chief librarian to direct operations of an internationally renowned pulp & paper information service center. overall responsibility includes budget planning and accountability, collection management, pro­ duction of various information products developed for the industry, and forward library planning. the institute o f paper chemistry (ipc) library contains the m ost extensive collection of pulp and paper liter­ ature in the world: 45,000 bound volumes, 170,000 patents, 6800 technical translations, and m ore than 30,000 documents. the library publishes forthcom ing meetings, a m onthly update of scheduled conferences and symposia, and paperclipp, a biweekly alerting ser­ vice for the industry. the library staff also supports an active internal research and education constituency, as part of ipc’s graduate pro­ gram and research missions. a bachelor's degree in biology, chem ­ istry or engineering and a master’s degree in library science are re­ quired as well as a m inimum of six years' experience in a special library or technical information center environment; 3 years should have been in a m anagerial position. experience in budget develop­ ment and management, collection development, reference and public service activities are essential. a working knowledge of library autom ation and com puterized com m unications program s is re­ quired. the candidate should also have a reading knowledge of at least 2 foreign languages. the ipc has established an alliance with the g eorgia institute of technology and other georgia institutions. in this alliance, the ipc will retain independent research and aca­ dem ic programs, but will relocate to a new building on the georgia tech cam pus in atlanta, georgia, in 1991. an early relocation to in­ terim facilities will take place in the summer of 1989. the successful candidate must be willing to relocate. this position includes a com ­ petitive salary ra n g e ($32,000 -$ 3 6 ,000), commensurate with qualifi­ cations and experience, an excellent benefits package, and flexibil­ ity in residential arrangements. candidates should send a resume, including salary history and 3 references, to: associate director of personnel, the institute of paper chem istry, p.o. box 1039, a p ­ pleton, wl 54912-1039. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. serials catalog librarian. newly created position at the university of south carolina's library processing center in colum­ bia. catalogs and classifies all serials housed at the university's sat­ ellite cam pus libraries. will plan and im plement serials retrospective conversion project and participate in systemwide implementation of notis. the processing center's 5 librarians and 14 paraprofes sionals deliver technical and public services supp ort to over 40 li­ b rary staff a nd 1 2 ,0 0 0 + stu d e n ts statew id e. r e quired: ala accredited mls; cataloging experience; com prehensive knowledge of and experience with lc classification and subject headings, oclc, aacr2 and usmarc formats. preferred: substantial serials cataloging experience in an academic or research library. experi­ ence or knowledge of notis or other automated serials control sys­ tem. ability to w ork effectively and independently in a rapidly chang­ ing environm ent as a m em ber of a professional team. salary $25,000, excellent benefits package. faculty status at rank of assis­ tant librarian; tenure track, 12-month appointm ent. send letter of a p ­ plication, resume, and names, current addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references to: linda holderfield, chair, serials cata­ loger search committee, library processing center, university of south carolina, 1021 wheat street, columbia, sc 29208. priority will be given to applications received by m ay 15, 1989. usc is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. serials cataloger. full-time, two-year temporary position with possible conversion to tenure track. responsible for serials cat­ aloging, including periodicals conversion project; some original cat­ aloging of materials in all formats. salary range $3 1 ,680-$43,896 (senior assistant librarian). minimum of one-year serials experi­ ence. liberal benefits package. available august 2 1 , 1989. send let­ ter of application with com plete resume and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 professional references by april 17, 1989, to: the university librarian, humboldt state university, areata, ca 95521; (707)826-3441. systems librarian, tenure track faculty position reporting to li­ brary director. coordinate planning, selection, implementation and training of integrated system and expertise for system once in place. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; significant hands-on experiapril 1989 / 347 director of the library faculty o f arts and sciences tufts u niversity is seeking an individual to serve as the d irector o f the a rts and s ciences library, w ith responsibility fo r serving the c o lle g e o f liberal a rts, c o lle g e o f e ngineering, g ra d u a te s c h o o l o f a rts and sciences, b oston s c h o o l o f o ccu p a tio n a l t h e ra p y , and c olleg e o f special studies. t h e d irector o f the library also serves as the principal professional librarian fo r the u niversity, with responsibility fo r representing the u niversity externally. s p ecific responsibilities include d ev elop in g a m ission and plan fo r the a rts and s ciences library, assisting in the a cq u isition o f new resources, assuring a high quality o f library service, leading the developm ent o f advanced library te c h n o lo g y and com m u n ica tio n s system s, and providin g p r o fe s­ sional leadership to the library staff. qualities and ex p erien ce needed for the position in clu d e library a d ­ m inistrative ex p erien ce in a co lle g e o r university, dem onstrated ability in the d e v e lo p m e n t o f plans and c o lle c tio n policies w ithin resource c o n ­ straints, dem onstrated ability to m anage budgets and person nel, th o ro u g h k n ow led ge o f and ex p erien ce w ith a dva n ced library te c h n o lo g y and system s, ability to represent and a d v o c a te the needs o f the library within the u n iversity and to d on o rs, a record o f significant a ch ievem en t in the library p rofession, and a co m m itm e n t to affirm ative action. t h e d irector reports to the a c a d e m ic v ic e president fo r a rts, s ciences, and t e c h n o lo g y and will w ork co lla b o ra tiv e ly w ith the o ffic e o f the p rovost and d irectors o f the h ealth s cien ces library and the g in n library o f the f letch er s c h o o l o f l aw and d ip lo m a cy . o ur goa l is to have a new d irector in place b y january 1, 1990, b u t the starting date is negotiable. tufts university is an affirm ative a ction /eq u a l opportunity em ployer and encourages applications from w om en, minorities, disabled per­ sons and vietnam era veterans. n om inations and applications should be forw a rded no later than m ay 31, 1989 to: r obert i. r otberg, a cadem ic ______________________ vice president fo r arts, sciences, and t echnology, tufts university, m ed ford , m a 02155. university m edford/ somerville 348 / c&rl news ence with online automated library systems, preferably in academic libraries; knowledge and expertise in library systems analysis, com ­ puter hardware and software technologies and marc formats; dem ­ onstrated oral and written com munication skills required. experi­ ence in planning, procuring, implementing, and operating online library systems; experience with telecomm unication systems; expe­ rience as a professional librarian in a variety of library functions in an academic library; additional graduate degree desired. salary: mini­ mum of $24,500 (position contingent upon available funds). send letter of application, resume, graduate transcripts, and addresses and telephone numbers of three references b y april 20, 1989, to: gaynelle pratt, personnel office, keene state college, keene, nh 03431. aa/eoe. technical services librarian. requirements: strong un­ dergraduate liberal arts degree, ala-accredited mls. reading knowledge of one or m ore foreign languages. cataloging and acqui­ sition and/or collection developm ent experience preferably in an ac­ ademic library. w orking knowledge of marc formats authority prac­ tices, aacr2 rules, lc rules and classification, a nd technical acquisition processes. familiarity with the book trade. broad subject and bibliographic interests and knowledge. good communication and interpersonal relationship skills. experience with wln or other bibliographic utility. faculty status, tenure eligibility, and excellent benefits package. salary range: $23,500-$26,000. twelve month appointment. send letter of application, resume, copies of under­ graduate and graduate transcripts, three letters of reference and/or current placement file to: john w. heussman, library director, pa­ cific lutheran university, tacoma, wa 98447. deadline for re­ ceipt of all materials is m ay 15. starting date no later than july 1, 1989. plu is an eo/aae. theological librarian. phillips g raduate seminary invites applications and nominations for the position of theological librar­ ian and assistant professor of theological bibliography. the post is available august 15, 1989, pending funding. salary is commensu­ rate with qualifications and experience. salary range: $21,000 $25,000. the theological librarian is responsible for collection de­ velopment, reference work, online searching, teaching the course in “ tools for theological study," and some administrative work. phil­ lips graduate seminary is affiliated with the christian church {disci­ ples of christ) and is ecumenical in faculty, students, and philosophy. the seminary offers the m.div., ma in rel. ed , ma in pastoral coun­ seling, and mts degrees at its enid and tulsa centers, and the d.min. degree at its oklahoma city satellite. candidates should have an ala-accredited mls degree, an ats-accredited m.div. degree, and several years library experience. additional com petence in a theological discipline is desirable. send letter of application, resume, transcripts, and the names, addresses, and telephone num bers of three recent references to: theological librarian search committee, phillips graduate seminary, box 2335, university station, enid, ok 73702. review of applications will begin april 20, and will con­ tinue until the position is filled phillips graduate seminary is an equal employment opportunity and affirmative action employer. t r a in in g c o o r d in a t o r . r e q u ire d q u a lific a tio n s : a la accredited master's degree in library or information science; famil­ iarity with notis or other automated library systems; demonstrated verbal and written communication skills; experience with training programs. desired qualifications: teaching experience; instruc­ tional design experience; com puter science training. duties and re­ sponsibilities: linder general direction of assistant director for techft) saint # michael’s iu college library director a pplications are invited for th e position o f library director a t aint m ichael's c ollege. saint m ichael's is a c atho lic liberal arts college, o c a te d close to lake c ham plain a n d th e vib ra n t c ity o f burlington and s within short distance from th e beautiful m ountains o f verm ont. the d i­ ector is responsible for planning, d irecting a n d evalua ting all library unctions a nd services a n d integrating th e m with th e a c a d e m ic pro­ rams o f th e college. specific responsibilities include overseeing an nnual ope ra ting b u d g e t e xce e d in g a half million dollars a n d m anaging staff o f 17 re (including five professionals). the d irector reports to the ice president for a c a d e m ic affairs. professional librarians h a ve a c a ­ e m ic status but not rank. the durick library serves 1,700 undergraduates, 200 g ra d u a te tudents, 150 faculty, 200 staff a nd supports international a n d adult d u ca tio n programs. the library has over 150,000 volumes a n d is en­ a g e d in an ambitious co lle ctio n d e ve lo p m e n t program . also p la nn ed re to ta l system com puterization a n d a m ajor library addition. minimum requirements for position o f d irector inclu de mls a n d / r a d v a n c e d a c a d e m ic d e g re e a n d dem on strate d significant library xpe rie nce in positions o f increasing adm inistrative responsibility a n d eadership. send letter o f a p p lica tio n , resume, a nd three professional refer­ nces b y april 21, 1989 for beginning d a te no later th an septem ber 1, equal 1989. screening o f a pp lica nts will co n tin u e until position is filled. opportunity/ affirmativedirector of personnel sa3iinnrt mmiiccnhaaeerl’ss ccoolllleeggee action■ ” j winooski, vt 05404. employer y u s l i r f g a a v d s e g a o e l e april 1989 / 349 nical services, plans, organizes, coordinates, and conducts training u.s. government documents specialist, unit head. responsible for administering the libraries' selective u.s. docu­ ments depository program including budgeting, selecting, ordering, and organizing depository items and other titles from the u.s.g.p.o. serves as u.s. documents authority and also provides general ref­ erence desk services including evening and weekend hours. fulfills academic faculty responsibilities. qualifications: minimum require­ ment, ala-accredited master's degree, in library science. two years experience working with a large united states government publica­ tions collection and specific training in government documentation preferred. salary and rank: a minimum of $24,000 commensurate with experience. apply to: christine m travis, library personnel of­ ficer, university libraries, room 139, state university o f new york at albany, 1400 washington avenue, albany, ny 12222. deadline; letter of application, list of three references and current resume should be received no later than april 20, 1989. suny at albany is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. applica­ tions from women, minority persons, handicapped persons, and vietnam era veterans are especially welcome. of libraries staff in the use of notis and other related automation systems made available by the libraries. plans, organizes, creates, and coordinates needed documentation for the understanding and use of the notis system and other computerized systems and ser­ vices. develops and coordinates publicity information for making us­ ers aware of the various library systems available. status and bene­ fits: exempt professional assistant. fiscal year appointment with annual vacation of 15 days the first year and 22 days thereafter. flex­ ible benefits programs with open enrollments annually. group life, medical, and disability insurance programs are in effect as are tiaa cref retirement and social security coverage. salary: $19,000 and up depending upon qualifications. deadline date: may 15,1989, or until position is filled. application process: send resume and names of 3 references to: thomas l. haworth, personnel officer, p u rdu e university libraries, stewart center-room 265, west lafayette, in 47907. an eeo/aa employer. late job listings assistant catalog librarian. ladd library, bates college has opening for librarian who catalogs serials, standing orders, federal government document serials and maine government document serials. also plans, organizes, and supervises cataloging of these and other materials. shares organization, direction, and supervision with catalog librarian. mls, 3 years experience in technical services, reading knowledge of one foreign language, familiarity with oclc or other bibliographic utility required. library anticipates installation of op ac in 1990. generous benefits. salary $21,300 $23,000. submit resume and three letters of reference by april 21 to: katherine kott, chair, search committee, ladd library, bates college, lewiston, me 04240. bates college is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. assistant director for special collections. university of vermont, bailey/howe library. responsible for the administration of the special collections department and is actively involved in management decisions relating to the university libraries. special collections includes the wilbur collection of vermontiana; rare books; literary, historical and political manuscripts; university archives. supervises 2 librarians, 2.5 support staff, and 2-3 fte wages personnel (student assistants). directs those activities relating to collection management and access, collection development, fund­ raising, grant-writing, etc. qualifications: required: broad academic background. mls from an ala-accredited library school; demonstrated skills in organizational leadership, supervision, and interpersonal relations; demonstrated skills in oral and written communication; evidence of scholarly research and publication. at least 8 years’ progressively responsible experience in libraries, at least 5 of which are in special collections which include rare books, manuscripts, or archives. desirable: second graduate degree in a subject area; reading knowledge of at least one classical language, and facility with two modem european languages (german, and french, italian or spanish); experience with library automation in special collections. appointment and benefits: faculty status (non-tenure track); 12-month appointment with 22 vacation days per year; liberal fringe benefits including: blue cross-blue shield or alternatives; retirement (tiaa/cref among options); sabbatical leave. rank: library associate professor or library professor, depending on qualifications. minimum, $38,000, depending on qualifications and experience. application deadline: 5:00 p.m., may 15, 1989. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses and phone numbers of at least 3 references to: nancy eaton, director of libraries and media services, 113 bailey/howe library, university o f vermont, burlington, vt 05405. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 350 / cirrl news assistant head of reference, texas a&m university. oversee the daily operation of the reference desk, including problem solving and assisting with difficult reference questions. establish routines and procedures for reference desk operations. provide comprehensive service at the reference approximately five hours per week, including assisting with computerized reference services. prepare and monitor weekly and monthly reference desk schedules. supervise and instruct seven entry-level reference desk librarians with rank of instructor. review job responsibilities, draft job announcements and participate in interview process. qualifications: ala-mls. requirements include a minimum of three years reference experience in academic or large public library, extensive knowledge of reference services and sources, demonstrated instructional ability, substantial knowledge of brs and dialog, knowledge of oclc and/or other automated bibliographic control systems, and good foundation in research methodology and statistics. second master’s degree preferred. prefer at least one year of supervisory experience or experience in the coordination of reference services and some experience with at least one opac. must have effective communication skills and good public service attitude. salary: $23,000 minimum for 10.5 months; $24,000 with addition masters; negotiable based on qualifications; faculty rank. benefits: competitive benefits package. no state income tax. texas a&m is located in bryan/college station between austin and houston. closing date: applications received by may 12,1989, will receive first consideration. write or call for complete description of duties, qualifications and benefits. to apply, send letter of application, resume and names and telephone numbers of three professional references to: roberta pitts, head, personnel operations, evans library, texas a&m university, college station, tx 77843-5000. phone: (409)845-8111. aa, eeo employer. cataloger. full-time, probationary, tenure-track instructor/assistant professor cataloger responsible for original cataloging of monographs and serials (primarily state documents) using oclc, aacr2r, lc classification and lcsh. ala-accredited mls required; 2 years experience with cataloging and online catalogs required; subject master’s preferred. preference will be given to those candidates demonstrating prior reference, bibliographic instruction, or online searching experience with a willingness to assist these services. salary to $29,000 for 185 duty days. applications from minorities encouraged. applications must be postmarked by may 22, 1989. begin date will be approximately july 1,1989. must be available for interviews june 5—9, 1989. apply to: thomas m. peischl, dean of the library, mankato state university, msu box 19, box 8400, mankato, mn 56002-8400. director of instruction and access services, mary washington college. mary washington college’s library invites applications for the director of instruction and access services, which starts july 1, 1989. responsibilities include: providing leadership, planning and administration of library’s public services, coordinating and scheduling, including evening and weekend hours, for three librarians and three support staff members. qualifications include service orientation, ala-accredited mls, experience with increasing responsibility, effective bibliographic instruction programs, demonstrated ability to work effectively with faculty and students, effective communication and writing skills, online and cd-rom database searching. mary washington college is a liberal arts college located between richmond and washington, d.c. the library, built in 1989, has a collection of 285,000, serving three thousand undergraduate students, 165 faculty members, eight librarians, eleven support staff; oclc solinet, vtls integrated library system. salary range is $25,000 to $34,000 with state benefits and professional faculty rank. a letter of application, resume and three references are to be sent trv t,ot?rw s sltrnhl t,ih r«rv lvtnr*v w f l s h i n p t o n april 1989 / 351 fredericksburg, va 22401-5853. review of applications will begin on april 24, 1989, and will continue until the position is filled. aa/eoe. education librarian. the wichita state university library is seeking a librarian who will act as subject specialist for the college of education. this librarian will assist users directly at the central reference desk, participate in the bibliographic instruction and collection development programs, provide computer searches, participate in reference department decision-making and library and university activities, and serve as liaison with the faculty of the college of education. the successful candidate will be service-oriented, able to work effectively with both students and faculty, and committed to promoting library services and collections to the academic community. ala-accredited mls required. an additional graduate degree in education is desirable. the wichita state university is an urban institution with an enrollment of 17,000. the library is fully automated on the notis system. the library building has recently been remodeled and expanded. librarians at wichita state enjoy faculty rank, privileges, and responsibilities. wichita is an active, growing city with a population of 400,000. starting salary $20,000 to $26,000 for 12-month appointment, depending on experience and qualifications. tenure eligible. choice of retirement plan, including tiaa-cref; blue cross/blue shield or hmo. send letter of application, resume and names of three references to: sharon l. bostick, head of reference, campus box 68, the wichita state university, wichita, ks 67226. applications must be received by may 1,1989, or the first of each month thereafter until the position is filled. finalists will be invited for an expense-paid interview. the wichita state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. fine arts librarian/bibliographer, (music specialty). position description: the fine arts librarian/bibliographer provides reference service in art, architecture, and music at the information desk in the architecture & fine arts branch library; participates in collection development, library instruction, online database searching, and faculty liaison. the architecture and fine arts branch library seeks a librarian specifically to take responsibility for managing a music listening laboratory and maintaining liaison with the department of music. the fine arts librarian/bibliographer reports to the head of the architecture & fine arts branch library. this facility is a rapidly growing, heavily used, full service library with a collection of 36.000 volumes, 2,000 scores and collected works, and 300 journal titles. qualifications: required: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of music reference and bibliographic resources. desired: experience or academic preparation in the fine arts, preferably music; mfa or mm; working knowledge of at least one modern european language, preferably italian or french; experience in managing a music listening laboratory. employment: full-time. non-traditional work week. location: the university of texas at arlington, located in the dallas-fort worth metroplex, has a current enrollment of approximately 23,000 and offers 97 degrees, 21 at the ph.d. level. the university libraries presently have approximately 1.250.000 items in the collections, a staff of 100, and an fy 1988-89 budget of nearly $5,000,000. the libraries participate in amigos/oclc, dialog, brs, and have installed the notis automated system. salary and benefits: $18,502 salary plus $965 in state contributions toward social security for an annual minimum of $19,467, depending on qualifications and experience. additional contributions include $1,380/annum to health and benefits package and 8.5 percent of annual salary contributed by the state for optional retirement programs, including tiaa-cref and other approved 403 (b) (c) carriers. applications: applications should include a resume and the names and addresses of three professional references. consideration for the position will begin may 1, 1989, and will continue until a satisfactory candidate has 352 / cirrl news been found. applications should be addressed to: chair, fine arts librarian search committee, the university o f texas at arlington libraries, p.o. box 19497-university station, arlington, tx 76019. applications from qualified minorities are encouraged. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. fine arts librarian (search reopened). directs the activities of the fine arts library, a branch library of over 40,000 volumes which supports the curricula in art, architecture, and music. duties include providing service in reference and bibliographic instruction, acting as liaison with library representatives and other faculty members from the subject areas served, meeting the needs of students and faculty in these areas, directing circulation activities, supervising 1.5 fte support staff and approximately fifteen student workers. responsibilities also include collection development and maintenance, catalog maintenance, and security maintenance. mls from an ala-accredited institution required. two years’ previous experience as a fine arts librarian or in a position closely related to the fine arts field preferred. substantial subject expertise in at least one of the three pertinent disciplines and experience in bibliographic instruction are highly desirable. good communication skills are essential. annual salary is $24,000 minimum; rank dependent on qualifications. twelve-month, tenure-track, tiaa/cref, twenty-two days annual leave, tuition and other benefits. the university of arkansas, fayetteville, is a land-grant university and the major academic research institution in the state, offering a full range of undergraduate, graduate, and professional degrees. situated in the ozarks, fayetteville (population 40,000) offers cultural and recreational opportunities associated with natural beauty and a university community. applications accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to: john a. harrison, director of libraries, university o f arkansas, fayetteville, ak 72701. the university of arkansas is an equal-opportunity, affirmative-action employer. head of cataloging, bowling green state university. reports to director of access services. responsibilities: supervises original cataloging, copy cataloging, catalog maintenance, and retrospective projects; coordinates cataloging efforts and policies of main collection with four branch libraries, center for archival collections, firelands college, and other areas within libraries and learning resources; supervises two faculty and six classified staff; sets priorities and determines workflow; may have collection development responsibility in one subject area; participates in planning improvements and upgrade to integrated online system including oclc; participates in library and university governance. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; familiarity with oclc, aacr2, lc classification and subject headings; supervisory experience; minimum of 3 years of cataloging experience. preferred: second master’s degree; cataloging knowledge of at least one modem european language; demonstrated administrative skill; flexibility; commitment to integration of cataloging activities into total online library system; professional commitment to librarianship. salary/rank: $30,000 minimum with excellent fringe benefits; 12-month tenure track at assistant or associate professor level. librarians at bgsu have full faculty status and must meet the requirements for promotion and tenure, including scholarly publication. review of applications will begin on may 1, 1989, and will continue until position is filled. send resume and names and addresses of three references to: kathryn thiede, personnel officer, jerome library, bowling green state university, bowling green, oh 43403. bgsu is an aa/eoc employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply and to identify themselves for affirmative action purposes. head, reference, research and instruction services april 1989 / 353 department. university of cincinnati. responsible for the management of the university libraries reference, research and instruction services department in langsam library. this key position offers the opportunity to play a leadership role in planning programs and setting the overall direction for a department of nine professional librarians and eight support staff. with collections in the social sciences, humanities, business, and education, langsam library is the main library in a system which includes eleven specialized libraries, an online catalog (uclid) and more than 1.5 million volumes. required qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited program; three years successful management experience in an academic library; successful reference, library instruction, and online searching experience; ability to communicate effectively and clearly; and demonstrated commitment to planning and service. preferred qualifications: academic background in social sciences or humanities, and collection development experience. salary range: $33,000 $40,000 depending on qualifications and experience. excellent fringe benefits. send letter of application, including resume and the names and addresses of three references to: mark w. weber, personnel officer, university o f cincinnati, mail location #33, cincinnati, oh 45221-0033. application deadline: postmarked by may 19, 1989. the university of cincinnati is an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer. interlibrary loan and information services librarian. manage interlibrary loan in the central library, an ala/oclc-based service using m310 workstation and micro-enhancer. supervise one assistant. also provide reference desk service including evening schedule; assist with database searching and reference collection development; provide library instruction to groups and individuals; assume responsibilities for research, scholarly activity and service in accordance with tenure and promotion policies. report to the assistant director for reader services. required: mls from an ala accredited library school and thorough knowledge of oclc. preference given to applicants who provide evidence of interest in reader services programs, interlibrary loan specialization, potential to perform well in a university environment, and working knowledge of at least one western european language. twelve-month tenure-track, instructor rank appointment on the library faculty. 24 days annual leave plus holidays; paid state retirement or tiaa/cref; group health insurance available. salary minimum is $20,000. review of applications will begin may 1 and will continue until position is filled. send application, including resume and names, addresses and telephone numbers of at least 3 references to: east tennessee state university, office of human resources, box 19, 420a, johnson city, tn 37614. etsu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and employs only u.s. citizens and aliens authorized to work in the united states. reference and instructional services librarian. full­ time, permanent, non-tenure track instructor/assistant professor to provide references services, instructional services and conduct online searching; to serve as library liaison for assigned discipline(s). ala master’s required. preference will be given to candidates with a subject master’s and who demonstrate prior reference, database searching and/or instructional experiences. preferences will also be given to candidates with a subject masters and who demonstrate prior reference, database searching and/or instructional experiences. preference will also be given to candidates with a business, science or technology subject background. salary to $26,000 for 180 duty days per year. applications from minorities encouraged. applications must be postmarked by may 22, 1989. begin date will be approximately july 1,1989. must be available for interviews june 5 -9,1989 . apply to: thomas m. peischl, dean of the library, mankato state u niversity, msu box 19, box 8400, mankato, mn 56002-8400. 354 / c&rl news reference librarian. the university of akron is seeking candidates for the position of reference librarian. this is a 12-month contract-professional position with 22 days vacation and standard benefits package. the salary is $20,000. the reference librarian furnishes assistance to the head of the science and technology department in the provision of reference, information, and instructional services in the university library; assists in the planning, development, delivery, and evaluation of information services in the science and technology library. the reference librarian oversees the reference collection which involves selecting materials, de-selecting, and providing training in the use of reference materials; assists the department head in planning effective reference services; provides general reference service for patrons; supervises the circulation system procedures and solves circulation problems; acts as liaison to the cataloging and acquisitions departments by recognizing and resolving ordering and cataloging conflicts. an mls from an ala-accredited institution, library experience, and strong written and oral communications skills are required. a science library background and academic library experience is preferred. to apply, send a letter of application, resume, and three references to: steve aby, search committee chair, bierce library, the university o f akron, akron, oh 44325. the deadline for applications is may 15,1989. the university of akron is an equal education and employment institution. romance languages librarian, university of california, irvine. responsibilities include reference assistance; database searching; instruction; collection development and liaison with the school of humanities, specifically with the departments of spanish or portuguese, french and italian, and the program in linguistics. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree in spanish or french or commensurate experience; good reading knowledge of spanish and french; demonstrated commitment to public service; excellent communication skills; basic computer literacy. appointment at assistant or associate librarian rank, salary range $25,380—$44,676. applications received by may 1, 1989, will receive first consideration, but will be accepted until the position is filled. send application letter with 1) a complete statement of qualifications; 2) resume of education and experience; and 3) the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, university o f california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713. telephone: (714)856-7115. aa/eop. technical services librarian. needed to run highly automated cataloging operation using oclc & notis. position requires extensive knowledge of marc formats, aacr2, cataloging, and microcomputers. must be capable of supervising 3 clerks and student assistants. ala-accredited master of library science required. salary circa $21,000 dependent on qualifications and experience. 12-months with one month vacation, excellent fringe benefits, academic status with faculty rank. send letter of interest, resume, and placement file to: charles h. kemp, head librarian, missouri southern state college, 3950 newman road, joplin, mo 64801-1595. closing date is april 30. eoe/aa. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * (washington hotline, cont’d) read the statement of the newly formed international committee for free expression protesting the threat to assassinate rushdie, and responded to reporters’ questions. ala joined 26 organi­ zations and about 70 individuals who had signed the statement. on february 22, ala joined with the association of american publishers and the american booksellers association to take out a full-page ad in the new york times proclaiming the right of free people to write, publish, sell, buy, and read books. recent clippings clip notes (college library inform ation packets) designed by acrl's college libraries section to collect data and sample documents from academic libraries, clip notes assist librarians in establishing or refining services and operations. collection development policies for college libraries. clip note #11 compiled by theresa taborsky and paticia lenkowski. contains complete policies as well as selected ones on subject collections, special formats, and special collec­ tions. 1989. 181p. 0-8389-7295-0. $23.95; acrl member $19.95. a n n u a l reports for college libraries. clip note #10 compiled by kenneth oberembt. contains data-gatheringforms, graphics, and selected annual reports. 1988. 135p. 0-8389-7219-5. $20; acrl member $17. friends o f college libraries.cl/p note #9 compiled by ronelle thompson. “a must for two groups of libraries: those who have friends groups and those who do not."library journal. 1987. 134p. 0-8389-7171-7. $17; acrl member $14. periodicals in college libraries. clip note #8 compiled by jamie webster hastreiter, larry hardesty, david henderson. “recom­ mended for all college and university libraries.” library journal. 1987. 116p. 0-8389­ 7143-1. $17; acrl member $14. ‘ managing student w orkers in college libraries. c u p note #7 compiled by michael d. kathman and jane mcgurn kathman. “supervisors looking for help in hiring and managing these [student] workers, whether in small or large academic libraries, will find this compilation very useful.” rq. 1986.182p. 0-8389-097­ 4. $17; acrl member $ 14. m ission statem ents for college libraries. c u p note #5 compiled by larry hardesty, jamie hastreiter, and david henderson. “the survey is a good one, eliciting answers to questions about why and how libraries developed statements of purpose, or why not...a commendable production...” rq. 1985. 107p. 0­ 8389-6944-5. $20; acrl member $15. acrl approval plan "pc" the convenient and cost-cutting approval order plan provides automatic priority shipping of acrl's new clip notes at a 20% discount to acrl members (10% to non­ members). you may change or cancel your approval order at any time and you do have return privileges. to enroll write to acrl approval plan, acrl/ala, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795. association of college and research libraries a division of the american library association c /o ala publishing services, 50 e. huron st., c hicago, il 60611-2795 356 / c&rl news m m . i . we arc professionals w e at e b s a r e d e d i c a t e d to providing libraries with t h e f a s t e s t se rv ice, the b e s t d i s c o u n t s , b u t a b o v e all, th e accuracy a library demands. with all this in your favor you ow e it to y o u r s e l f t o try us . . . e.b.s. book service / r fax 516-596-2911 e.b.s. inc book service • 290 bbrrooaadway, lynbrook. new york 11563 ■ 516-593-1207 -* a .'.* — • ' . — “i have the best job in the serials subscription business because it offers so many opportunities for service handled promptly and efficiently. but i’m to my colleagues also available to help with the m ore sophisti­ in academic libraries. cated, non-routine needs you might h a v e like custom ized budget analysis reports, “ i spent 16 years in an academ ic library collection developm ent reports, training where 1 experienced firsthand the com plex­ seminars, reviews of services provided and ities of serials managem ent, the challenges of others available through ebsco... what­ of collection developm ent and the great ever your special needs may be.” demands placed on academ ic librarians. leek etcham , mls at ebsco i’ve found a significant way to put a ccount services m anagerthat experience to work for our customers. “ i’m an a ccount services manager, a at ebsco, w e think academ ic librarians position that’s unique to ebsco in the d eserve qualified p ersonn el w ho k n o w and serials subscription business. it’s my job to understand the challenges they face. isn’t see that you get all the help you need from that what you expect from a professional ebsco to manage your serials responsibili­ subscription agency? ties effectively. so i listen ... i a d vise... and i solve problems. “ like my counterparts in ebsco regional offices across the country, i work with the other members of your serials support group—the ebsco sales representative, international headquarters ro. box 1943 • birmingham, al 35201general manager and customer service representative— to ensure that the routine aspects of your subscription program are 1 i 8 n a 0 l 0 call 6 col 3 le 5 ct 9 -4 913 118 5 2 0 call us toll free at 1-800-635-4350 to learn more. new reference tools for libraries a timely new video series new quarterly journal c u r r e n t d e v e l o p ­m e n ts c o n c e r n i n g e m p l o y m e n t , p a r ­ ticu la rly o f th e y ou n g , the elderly, w om en , and th e disabled, the great this new quarterly jo u r ­ explorers nal focu ses o n g ro u p s which are often the last hired and first fired. issue no. 1, subtitled youth, has five section s: ■ t h e future r igh t in tim e fo r the c olu m b u s discovery o f a m er­ ■ t ra in in g a n d o p p o rtu n itie sica 5 0 0 th a n n iv ersa ry in 1992, o m n ig r a p h ic s ■ innova tive ideaspresents six v id e o p rog ra m s, 25 m inutes each, featur­ in g on-site film ing and interviews with the w orld ’s ■ e ntry -level jobs lea din g c olu m b u s authorities in italy, spain, the c a­ ■ a d v ic e (p re p a rin g fo r in terv ie w s, u sin g rib b ean , and the u.s., $85 p e r tape, v h s o r beta. lib ra ry r e s o u r c e s , e tc.).s tand ing o r d e r fo r all six, $ 45 0 (save $60). ■ c o lu m b u s : t h e m an and the m yth. future issues will focu s o n the p roblem s o f retirees, t h e orig in s, the p ersonalities, and the pow er with w om en retu rn in g to t h e j o b m arket, and the disabled. the facts separated from the fictions. in prep. e d ited by m a rg aret w. y ou ng. q u a r te r ly (m a r c h , ■ prep a ra tion s fo r the famous v oyage o f 1492. ju n e, septem ber, d ecem b er) 1989. issn 1040-9300. t h e ships, the crews, the m eans o f navigation, the a n n u al su b scrip tion $ 48 . sin gle issue $15. free sam ple first landings in the new w orld. in prep. on request. ■ search fo r la n avidad. l o n g a mystery, the location o f c olu m b u s’s ill-fated first settlem ent is actively investigated by scientists, a unique tool for business technicians, and exp erts in d ocu m en ta ry research. n ow ready. ■ t h e n ew w orld c o lu m b u s found. phonames h istoria n s, lin g u ists, and m o d e r n e x p lo r e r s re­ create the p re-c olu m bia n indians o f the c aribbean, directory their cultures, con flicts, langu ages, and the c o l o ­ his is the first ever practical “ how -to” g u id e to nies c olu m b u s established in their m idst. in prep. t h elp business firm s and institutions co in p r o m o ­ tional p h o n e n u m bers such as h alt, r a in , stop, ■ g o d and g o ld . bark, cast, b u y s , sell o r the w in n in g c o m ­ t h e business o f discovery and the relentless mis­ bination that en ables a m t r a k to advertise n a tio n ­ sionary zeal o f c o lu m b u s and th ose w h o follow ed w ide: call 1 -8 0 0 -u s a -r a il 6 64 pages. him . in prep. o v er 3 3 0 ,0 0 0 n um bers with co r re s p o n d in g letter ■ c o lu m b u s ’s o th e r v oyages. c o m b in a tio n s a n d a lp h a b e tica lly a rra n g e d l etter lands and cultures he e n co u n tered . his fall from c om b in a tion s with c o rre s p o n d in g n um b ers. power, final years, and a sum m ary o f his lasting con trib u tio n s. in prep. e dited by c laurene d u g ra n . 6 64 pages. $ 35 0 . in p r in t. o rd er by m ail, phone o r fax (313) 961-1383 all b ooks a n d v ideos available o n 60-d ay a pproval omnigraphics, inc. penobscot building-detroit, mi 48226 ■ (313) 961-1340 structure bookmarks april 1989 / 329 25-26—archives: fenway libraries online and the society of american archivists will sponsor “understanding the marc format for archival and manuscript control” at the museum of fine arts in boston. through informal lectures and exercises in tagging archival descriptions, partic­ipants will learn the structure and use of the ar­chives and manuscripts control (amc) marc format. registration fee: $250. contact: mu­seum of fine arts, 465 huntington ave., boston, ma 02115; or call maureen melton at (617) 267­930 deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preced­ing publication of the issue (e.g. september 2 for the october issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.25 per line for acrl members, $6.60 for others. late job notices are $12.60 per line for members, $14.70 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their m college blvd., fullerton, ca 92634; (714) 773­2038.july10-14, 24-28—preservation: the milton s. eisenhower library at johns hopkins univer­sity, baltimore, maryland, will offer two fiveday summer workshops on library and archives collections conservation. their purpose is to edu­cate staff directly responsible for conservation in the use of economical approaches to the preser­vation of books and flat paper materials. the workshops will include hands-on practice, a field trip, discussions on related topics salary guidelisted below are the minimum starting sal­ary figures recommended by 16 state library associations for professional library posts in these states. job seekers and employers should consider these recommended minimums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1988, issue of library journal, the ala survey of librar­ian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative com­pensation survey) when evaluating profes­sional vacancies. for more info 330 / c&rl news positions openarchivist/special collections librarian. late may, $28,000 to $34,000 dependent on experience and qualifications. to catalog and process; maintain and preserve collections; create ex­hibits; and organize university archives and connecticut polish american collection. ala-accredited mls or equivalent, catalogu­ing experience including use of aacr2 and marc, two years of re­sponsible archive/special collections experience and effective writ­ten and oral communication skills required. academic li systems preferred. communication and interpersonal skills to work effectively with library staff and user community important. salary and benefits: $30,000 minimum salary depending on qualifications and experience. excellent benefits package—88% of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement programs includ­ing tiaa-cref. application deadline: to ensure consideration, ap­plications must be received by april 30,1989. send letter of applica­tion, names of 3 references, and resume to 332 / c&rl news irrrtrrtririnrtnrjrrtr^^head, catalog departmentmiami universityposition description: department head responsi­ble for the administration, personnel management, and daily operations of the catalog department, consisting of three professional librarians and 15 support staff. the catalog department provides complete processing services for monographs, se­rials and special formats, as well as retrospective conversion and reclassification. in consultation with the assistant university librarian for automation a sonal and communication skills. preferred: original cataloging expe­rience (either professional or pre-professional) in a research library; experience with a bibliographic utility; supervisory and training ex­perience. salary: $20,000 and up, dependent on qualifications (but essentially entry-level positions). to apply: send letter of application and resume which together address all of the general and specific qualifications related to the position in which interested, and the names, addresses and telephon april 1989 / 333 automated circulation system and is involved in the implementation of the notis system. employment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, rank of assistant professor or above, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with re­sume and the names of three references including current supervi­sor to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative services, uni­versity libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019 the university of oklahoma is an equal opportu will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportu­nity, affirmative action institution.coordinator, minitex/oclc services. minitex, a re­source sharing network serving libraries in minnesota, north dakota, and south dakota, seeks a service-oriented individual to assume a minitex/oclc services coordinator position. the coordinator will work closely with participants providing oclc training and support and will take part in new developments that will affect library servicesassistant direc 334 / cirrl news in the region for the next several years. responsibilities: the minitex/oclc program serves over 160 academic, public, private and state agency libraries. under the direction of the assistant director for oclc and reference services the coordinator will assist imple­menting training and support programs for the various oclc sys­tems and services. working with other minitex staff this person will provide technical information and problem-solving assistance to par­ticipants both in regards to oclc and other tion is available july 1, 1989. applications including the position number ul181 must be postmarked by april 28, 1989. applicants should send a letter of application with detailed resume and names and addresses of three references to: barbara doyle, personnel and staff development officer, university libraries, university of min­nesota, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455-0414. the university of minnesota is an equal opportu­nity educator and employer and specifically invites an five positions oregon state universityoregon state university, a land and sea grant university and a carnegie-1 institution, has 15,000 students in 12 schools and colleges. programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels through the doctoral de­gree are offered. the university libraries consist of a main collection of over one million volumes, and one branch, the hatfield marine science center library. the libraries are currently installing an integrated on­line system. the staff includes 35 library facul april 1989 / 335 management or closely related field; or mls from an accredited graduate library program, with archival or special collections con­centration; at least 2-6 years of professional archival experience, demonstrated knowledge or experience in literary research meth­ods; knowledge of modern american and english literature. de­sired: second degree in modern american literature; demonstrated ability to work effectively with the public in a reference position; com­prehensive knowledge ot archival theory and methods; library, has almost 900,000 volumes, over one million microforms, staff of 86 including 30 professionals, solinet member, and ls/2000 site with online catalog and automated circulation. respon­sibilities: senior administrative officer with faculty rank, reports di­rectly to the vice chancellor for academic affairs, serves on the council of academic deans, has primary responsibility for all library operations. twelve-mo nth appointment. salary competitive, mini­mum $60,000, qualifications: ala-accredited mls )9ad99l)9a99a999999l)a999a9999aaa99999999a999l>9a999a99a9a9aa9five positions oregon state universityand information services in the government documents and microform units; plans for conversion of rec­ords to an online system; assists with library orientation and bibliographic instruction; supervises 3 fte support staff; reports to the head of special reference services. qualifications: required: planning, orga­nizational and management experience; demonstrated user-oriented philosophy, flexibility, 2-3 ye 336 / cirrl news dartmouth college libraries announces the availability of the new log; end-user training in utilizing information technology; consulta­tion with faculty to determine instructional and research interests; col­lection management of the reference collection; and participation in providing fee-based information services to the local and regional business community. qualifications and desired characteristics. ala/mls; educational background (graduate degree preferred) in science, engineering, business, or economics; and a minimum of two years of post-mls experience in an acade position of engineering & business reference librarian in the feldberg library serving the thayer school of engineering and the amos tuck school of business. the engineering & business librarian works as a member of an information services team providing inno­vative reference services to the students and faculty of the two schools. responsibilities include bibliographic instruction; online searching using vendors such as dow/jones, nexis, brs, and dia-international documents librarianthe penn state univer april 1989 / 337 maryland college park libraries. the university of maryland col­lege park libraries invites nominations and applications for a librar­ian i position, head, government documents/maps. responsibilities: manages the documents/maps unit. responsible for the collection, organization, and user service of u.s. government documenls, inter­national documents, state agricultural extension documents, and maps. serves as primary contact on government document issues, which include the responsibility for meeting the lib university of maryland is an affirmative action, equal opportunity em­ployer.head, information management education ser­vices. the health sciences library of the university of north caro­lina at chapel hill invites applications for head of information man­agement education services. this department of 3.5 fte professionals and graduate assistants provides instruction for users in search strategy, end user searching, file management, text man­agement, and other related topics. workshops, curriculum-based in­ systems librarian technical services university of georgiathe systems librarian reports to the assistant director for technical services and participates in plan­ning and coordinating automated library systems including marvel, an integrated in-house automated system, and the increasing use of microcomputers in the libraries. the systems librarian serves as the primary liaison between library staff and university computing and networking services (ucns) staff. the systems librarian works with all levels of library san francisco state universityfour tenure-track positions available. all positions require mls from ala-accredited program. second graduate degree and evidence of scholarly and/or professional activity preferred. full faculty status. expected to meet criteria for retention & tenure.the institution: one of 19 campuses in the california state university system, sfsu is entering time of dynamic change under the leadership of new president. the university is multi-cultural, multi-ethnic & urban institut an equal opportunity/affirmative action employer april 1989 / 339 needs of health professionals. salary based on experience and otherfactors; minimum salary $26,400. the health sciences library has aprofessional staff of 24; it serves 5 professional schools and a 600-bed teaching hospital. send letter of application, curriculum vitae,and names of 3 references to: carol jenkins, director, health sci­ences library, cb# 7585, university of north carolina at chapel hill, chapel hill, nc 27599-7585. to be assured of consideration,applications should be received by may 15, 1989 three references by april 20,1989, to: gaynelle pratt, personnel of­fice, keene state college, keene, nh 03431. aa/eoehead of reference and access services. st. lawrence university, a private, non-denominational liberal arts college located between the adirondack mountains and the st. lawrence river, is seeking a dynamic, innovative person to assume the newly created position of head of reference and access services. reporting to the university librarian, this person will be responsible for planning, managi 340 / c<brl news sorto support staff in periodicals and circulation, this person will giveonline and administrative support and will coordinate services to pro­vide problem-solving initiatives for the successful delivery of library-owned materials. required: ala-accredited mls; at least threeyears public services experience; strong commitment to service; su­pervisory experience; effective communication, problem-solvingand interpersonal skills; experience with computer technology as itapplies to library services. preferred: eign language, application of microcomputers, retrospective con­versions, and bibliographic database management; and effective in­terpersonal and communication skills. professional position, salary ($23,000-$25,500) depends upon experience and qualifications. seattle pacific university is an evangelical christian university of the arts, sciences and professions. spu has a combined undergraduate enrollment of 3,300 students with an additional 4,000 students en­rolled in off-campus programs each quarter. spu six positionsuniversity of southern mississippithe university of southern mississippi libraries include the cook memorial library, the mccain library and archives, the teaching and learning resource center, and the cox library at the branch campus on the gulf coast. holdings include approximately 400,000 book volumes, 800,000 government documents, 2.2 million microformats, and 5,000 serial subscriptions. materials budget is approximately $1.2 million a year and student enrollment is approximately 12,000. th april 1989 / 341 including access services and branch libraries and with technical services units including collection development and current period­icals. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school; five or more years experience in public services; substantial supervisory experience; ability to work effectively with faculty, stu­dents, and library staff; experience in database searching and/or li­brary instruction; effective oral and written communication skills; evi­dence of research and publicat manager, administrative services, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. the university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.head, reference department. the henry madden library of california state university, fresno, seeks an innovative, flexible, and service-oriented librarian to provide leadership for the library’s reference department. the department consists of 7 professionals, 3 support staff, and 6,8 fte student assistants. the head of refer­ence i six positionsuniversity of southern mississippifor a branch library and other libraries in the university system. duties also include retrospective conver­sion, reclassification, name and subject authority work, some catalog maintenance, and the supervision of one library assistant. reports to the chief cataloger. qualifications: knowledge of cataloging principles and practices, including aacr2, lc classification and subject headings, and marc formats; effective written and oral communication skills; abilit 342 / cirrl news applications and confidential papers should be sent by may 10, 1989, to: herb fox, search committee chair. henry madden li­brary, administrative office, california state university, fresno, fresno, ca 93740-0034. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer.history and geography bibliographer/govern­ment publications librarian. this is a full-time position di­vided equally between selection responsibilities in history and geog­raphy, and reference and other responsibilities in the government publicatio sponsibilities at northwestern. the responsibility in government publications is pnmarily for reference services and the selection of international documents. persons with a strong interest in interna­tional, and especially western european studies, will find this a stim­ulating and rewarding position. qualifications: mls from an accred­ited library school and advanced degree in history required; ph.d. highly desired. strong reading knowledge of at least two modern eu­ropean languages. minimum of 2 years re three positionsmontana state universityhead, information services department. tenure track, fy position. reports to the assistant dean for public services and works closely with the heads of other departments. coordinates and implements pro­grams and policies for reference services, online information services, instructional programs, the creative arts library, and interlibrary services. participates in provision of reference, online, and instructional ser­vices. responsible for professional (7 fte) and cla april 1989 / 343 depending on qualifications. available immediately. send letter ofapplication and resume, including the names of three references, to:ann smith, personnel manager, northwestern university library,evanston, il 60208. applications received by april 28,1989, will beconsidered. an eeo/aa employer.instructional services librarian. point loma nazarenecollege. reference desk duty (some evening and weekend hours),database searching, and serving as liaison for bibliographic instruc­tion and collection development wi pointment, successful performance of job responsibilities and a rec­ord of professional contributions is required. minimum salary is $25,000. position available immediately. application must be post­marked by june 1,1989. applicants should send a letter of applica­tion with detailed resume and names and addresses of three refer­ences to; barbara doyle, personnel and staff development officer, university of minnesota libraries, 453 wilson library, 309 19th avenue south, minneapolis, mn 55455. please identify 344 / cirrl news evening/weekend hours. qualifications: ala-mls, excellent human relations skills, experience with online systems (dialog, oclc). 12month contract, salary range $21,000-$24,000 depending on expe­rience and qualifications; tiaa/cref and other liberal fringe bene­fits. send letter, resume and names and phone numbers of 3 references to: edward meachen, library director, oesterle library, north central college, 320 e. school, naperville, il 60566. dead­line for application: may 1. north central college is an a library collections in assigned subject areas serving the institute of agriculture and natural resources: biochemistry, agronomy, horti­culture, and plant pathology. 3) conducts online searches in data bases related to collection development and liaison assignments. 4) provides user education in assigned subject areas. 5) provides liai­son with faculty, students, and staff in assigned areas. 6) performs other duties as assigned, required: mls from an ala-accredited li­brary school, excellent interpersonal s porito, director of libraries, university libraries, university of april 1989 / 345 southwestern louisiana, 302 e. st. mary blvd., lafayette, la 70503. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer.reference librarian. participates with the head of the refer­ence department in providing reference service by assisting library patrons in the use of the card and online catalog, and answering spe­cific questions using the reference collections, government docu­ments and general collections. has charge of interlibrary loan. en­gages in bibliographic instruction and orientation tours. assist brary on nights and weekends as scheduled. compiles bibliographies and guides, writes reports, and answers correspon­dence as needed. directs the work of student assistanls. participates in departmental planning and performs other professional assign­ments in the reference department as needed. maintains ongoing familiarity with technological advances in information science. quali­fications: mls from an accredited ala school and reference experi­ence. experience in computerized searching. communication skil pepperdine universitymalibu, californiadirector of librariespepperdine university invites nominations and applications for the position of director of libraries, which is the chief administrative officer of the library system serving seaver college, the school of business and management, and the graduate school of education and psychology. the system consists of the central library in malibu and branch libraries in culver city, irvine, and encino, with a total of over330,000 volumes and 2,200 periodical sub 346 / cirrl news reference librarian, search reopened. reference librarian position in learning resources center has been reopened in new community college in plano, texas, which is within the dallas metroplex. responsibilities include reference desk coverage, collection development, instruction-in-use, and specialized assignments. to­tally computerized library requires applicants with oclc, clsi, or some library computer training and experience. film and video li­brary background is helpful. occasional evening work may b syracuse university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ployer the university is particularly interested in the application or nomination of women and minorities.science/technology library manager. seeking chief librarian to direct operations of an internationally renowned pulp & paper information service center. overall responsibility includes budget planning and accountability, collection management, pro­duction of various information products developed for the industry, and forward library pla april 1989 / 347 director of the libraryfaculty of arts and sciencestufts university is seeking an individual to serve as the director of the arts and sciences library, with responsibility for serving the college of liberal arts, college of engineering, graduate school of arts and sciences, boston school of occupational therapy, and college of special studies. the director of the library also serves as the principal professional librarian for the university, with responsibility for representing the university externally.spe 348 / c&rl news ence with online automated library systems, preferably in academic libraries; knowledge and expertise in library systems analysis, com­puter hardware and software technologies and marc formats; dem­onstrated oral and written communication skills required. experi­ence in planning, procuring, implementing, and operating online library systems; experience with telecommunication systems; expe­rience as a professional librarian in a variety of library functions in an academic library; additional graduate degree theological librarian. phillips graduate seminary invites applications and nominations for the position of theological librar­ian and assistant professor of theological bibliography. the post is available august 15, 1989, pending funding. salary is commensu­rate with qualifications and experience. salary range: $21,000$25,000. the theological librarian is responsible for collection de­velopment, reference work, online searching, teaching the course in “tools for theological study," and some administrative saint # michael’s iu collegelibrary directorapplications are invited for the position of library director at aint michael's college. saint michael's is a catholic liberal arts college, ocated close to lake champlain and the vibrant city of burlington and s within short distance from the beautiful mountains of vermont. the di­ector is responsible for planning, directing and evaluating all library unctions and services and integrating them with the academic pro­rams of the college. specific responsibilities april 1989 / 349 nical services, plans, organizes, coordinates, and conducts training u.s. government documents specialist, unit head.responsible for administering the libraries' selective u.s. docu­ments depository program including budgeting, selecting, ordering, and organizing depository items and other titles from the u.s.g.p.o. serves as u.s. documents authority and also provides general ref­erence desk services including evening and weekend hours. fulfills academic faculty responsibilities. qualifications: minimum require­ment, ala-accredited master's degree, in library science. two ye of libraries staff in the use of notis and other related automation systems made available by the libraries. plans, organizes, creates, and coordinates needed documentation for the understanding and use of the notis system and other computerized systems and ser­vices. develops and coordinates publicity information for making us­ers aware of the various library systems available. status and bene­fits: exempt professional assistant. fiscal year appointment with annual vacation of 15 days the first year and 22 late job listingsassistant catalog librarian. ladd library, bates college has opening for librarian who catalogs serials, standing orders, federal government document serials and maine government document serials. also plans, organizes, and supervises cataloging of these and other materials. shares organization, direction, and supervision with catalog librarian. mls, 3 years experience in technical services, reading knowledge of one foreign language, familiarity with oclc or other bibliographic utility requ 350 / cirrl news assistant head of reference, texas a&m university. oversee the daily operation of the reference desk, including problem solving and assisting with difficult reference questions. establish routines and procedures for reference desk operations. provide comprehensive service at the reference approximately five hours per week, including assisting with computerized reference services. prepare and monitor weekly and monthly reference desk schedules. supervise and instruct seven entry-level reference desk libraria april 1989 / 351 fredericksburg, va 22401-5853. review of applications will begin on april 24, 1989, and will continue until the position is filled. aa/eoe.education librarian. the wichita state university library is seeking a librarian who will act as subject specialist for the college of education. this librarian will assist users directly at the central reference desk, participate in the bibliographic instruction and collection development programs, provide computer searches, participate in reference department decision 352 / cirrl news been found. applications should be addressed to: chair, fine arts librarian search committee, the university of texas at arlington libraries, p.o. box 19497-university station, arlington, tx 76019. applications from qualified minorities are encouraged. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.fine arts librarian (search reopened). directs the activities of the fine arts library, a branch library of over 40,000 volumes which supports the curricula in art, architecture, and music. duties include prov april 1989 / 353 department. university of cincinnati. responsible for the management of the university libraries reference, research and instruction services department in langsam library. this key position offers the opportunity to play a leadership role in planning programs and setting the overall direction for a department of nine professional librarians and eight support staff. with collections in the social sciences, humanities, business, and education, langsam library is the main library in a system which includes el 354 / c&rl news reference librarian. the university of akron is seeking candidates for the position of reference librarian. this is a 12-month contract-professional position with 22 days vacation and standard benefits package. the salary is $20,000. the reference librarian furnishes assistance to the head of the science and technology department in the provision of reference, information, and instructional services in the university library; assists in the planning, development, delivery, and evaluation of information serv recent clippingsclip notes (college library information packets)designed by acrl's college libraries section to collect data and sample documents from academic libraries, clip notes assist librarians in establishing or refining services and operations.collection development policies for college libraries. clip note #11compiled by theresa taborsky and paticia lenkowski. contains complete policies as well as selected ones on subject collections, special formats, and special collec­tions. 1989. 181p. 0-8389-72 356 / c&rl news mm.i. we arc professionalswe at ebs are dedicated to providing libraries with the fastest service, the best discounts, but above all, the accuracy a library demands.with all this in your favor you owe it to yourself to try us . . .e.b.s. book service/rfax 516-596-2911 e.b.s. inc book service • 290 bbrrooaadway, lynbrook. new york 11563 ■ 516-593-1207-* a.'.*— •' . — “i have the best job in the serials subscription businessbecause it offers so many opportunities for service handled promptly and efficiently. but i’m to my colleagues also available to help with the more sophisti­in academic libraries.cated, non-routine needs you might havelike customized budget analysis reports, “i spent 16 years in an academic library collection development reports, training where 1 experienced firsthand the complex­seminars, reviews of services provided and ities of serials management new reference tools for librariesa timely new video seriesnewquarterly journalcurrent develop­ments concerning employment, par­ticularly of the young, the elderly, women, and the disabled,the great this new quarterly jour­explorersnal focuses on groups which are often the last hired and first fired. issue no. 1, subtitled youth, has fivesections:■ the futureright in time for the columbus discovery of amer­■ training and opportunitiesica 500th anniversary in 1992, omnigraphics ■ innovative ideaspresents six acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries •jf une 1990 / 583 the classified ads deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., septem ber 2 for the o cto­ ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisem ents are $5.75 per line for acrl members, $7.25 for others. late job notices are $13.75 per line for members, $16.20 for others. organizations subm itting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirm ed by a written order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accom panied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., o ctober 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary figure. job announce­ ments will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. appli­ cants should be aware that the term s faculty rank and status vary in meaning am ong institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for academic and research library positions. a pre-recorded sum mary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing subm itted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. contact: classified advertising department, acrl, am eri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611-2795; (312) 280-2513. ala p o licy re q u ire s th a t o rg a n iz a tio n s re cru itin g through ala publications or placem ent services comply with ala anti-dscrim ination policies. policy 54.3 states that “ala is com m itted to equality of opportunity for all library employees or applicants for employment, regardless of race, color, creed, sex, age, physical or mental handicap, individual life -style, or national o rig in .” by adve rtising through ala services, the organization agrees to comply with this policy. materials wanted space problem s? we will buy your surplus serials, technical, scientific and historic materials. send list for best offer to: colfax books, p.o. box 380542, denver, co 80238. positions open ac quisitio ns/collectio n develo pm ent librarian. direct the operation of acquisitions and coordinate collection development including general supervision of acquisitions staff (2.8 fte). prepare and m onitor materials budget and coordinate selection w ork of bibliographers. draft policies and prepare re­ ports. ala/mls, four years experience in academ ic library acqui sitions/collection development. prefer supervisory experience and record of professional achievement. w rite or call for full announce­ ment: olivia mills, hum boldt state university library, arcata, ca 95521; (707) 826-3441. senior assistant or associate librarian ($34,752 to $43,836). screening of applications will begin june 1, 1990, and continue until an appointm ent is made. available: january 1, 1991. assista nt engineering librarian. under direction of the engineering librarian, the assistant engineering librarian will participate in reference and online searching services; biblio­ graphic instruction; collection development; faculty liaison; super­ vision of staff and students; original cataloging; and library plan­ ning activities; as well as in the design and developm ent of special autom ation projects. department: the engineering library serves approxim ately 515 faculty and researchers, 1,900 graduate stu­ dents, and along with the undergraduate library, some 5,500 undergraduates. it has an annual materials budget of approxi­ mately $457,00 and houses a working collection of 180,000+ volumes, including 3000+ serial titles. its current staff consists of 3.75 fte librarians, 1.5 fte graduate assistants, 3.75 fte support staff, and other student assistants. q ualifications: required mls/ ala-accredited. bachelors degree in engineering, com puter sci­ ence, or physical science, or professional experience in an engi­ neering or science library; dem onstrated expertise in a m icrocom ­ puter high-level program ming language; at least one year of pro­ fessional academ ic/research library experience; and evidence of research orientation and ability to meet university requirements for prom otion and tenure. preferred experience in reference or bibliographic instruction; experience with standard personal com ­ puter software packages, such as word processors, com m unica­ tions software, database m anagem ent system s, and spread­ sheets. desired salary/rank: $23,500 upward, depending on quals/experience. twelve-m onth appointm ent as assistant pro­ fessor. must m eet university requirements for promotion/tenure (lib ra ria n sh ip , research, p ub lications, u n ive rsity/p ro fe ssio n a l service). application: send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of five professional references by july 9, 1990, to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, university of illinois library (u-c), 1408 w est gregory dr., urbana, il 61801; (217) 333-5494. the university of illinois is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity employer. assista nt head of collection development, univer­ sity of new hampshire. assists the head of collection develop­ ment in planning, organizing and monitoring the collection devel­ opm ent program for a university library serving 11,000 students and 600 faculty. the collection presently includes about 950,000 bound volum es and 5,000 periodical subscriptions. responsibili­ ties: assist in coordinating the selection of print materials, both m onographs and serials, and non-print materials through interac­ tion with subject specialists, teaching faculty, curriculum com m it­ tees, book dealers, and other subscription agents. review m ateri­ als received through approval plans and as gifts. assist in evaluat­ ing collections, in updating policy manuals, in preservation and in other aspects of collection management. reference duties as assigned. qualifications required: mls from an ala-accredited program; at least 2 years of academ ic library experience involving collection developm ent in one or more of the following areas: reference, acquisitions, or as a subject bibliographer; dem on­ strated knowledge of technology-based information systems; ef­ fective interpersonal, written, and oral com munication skills; ability to work with all segm ents of an academic community. preferred: graduate degree in a subject; knowledge of publishing, book trade, and higher education; know ledge of collection analysis tech­ niques. this is a 12-month, tenure-track faculty position. profes­ sional achievem ent and research/creative activity are required for tenure and promotion. salary $28,000 minimum, depending on qualifications and experience. submit a letter of application and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three current references to: ruth m. katz, university librarian, dimond library, university of new hampshire, durham, nh 03824. screening of applicants begins on june 15, 1990. federal law requires proper documentation of identity and employability at the time of em ploy­ ment. the university of new hampshire is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. assistant map librarian, university of minnesota. perform original and copy cataloging of cartographic materials and assist 584 / c&rl news with reference, circulation, and m aterials processing. entry level position requiring mls from ala-accredited institution or foreign equivalent and oral and written com m unication skills. reports to head of the borchert map library with six years to achieve continuous appointm ent. salary $22,000 minimum. send letter of application, resume, and nam es and addresses of three refer­ ences to: barbara doyle, personnel officer, university of m inne­ sota, 453 w ilson library, 309 19th ave so., m inneapolis, mn 55455. applications m ust be postm arked no later than july 16, 1990. please cite jo b listing ul 194 on application. the university of m innesota is an equal opportunity educator and em ployer, and specifically invites and encourages applications from wom en and m inorities. a s sista n t pr o fesso r of libraries, o r ien ta l m ate­ rials spec ia list. establish serial search strategy and create original cataloging records for serials with special responsibility for oriental language titles including all successives (serials, m ono­ graphs and m icroform s). translate and transliterate c hinese and japanese m aterials for all library departm ents. participate fully in professional developm ent activities such as scholarly publications and presentations. requires mls (library science) from ala accredited institution; dem onstrated ability to (1) create original cataloging records in accordance with a a c r edition 2.5, lc c ataloging service bulletin and o clc docum entation, (2) catalog on o clc bibliographic database in us marc form ats fo r serials, m onographs and m icroform s, (3) read and translate chinese, (4) transliterate c hinese using the w ade-g iles m ethod and (5) ro­ m anize japanese. 40 hrs/week. $22,750 annually. apply by july 10 to: bernie childerston, p.o. box 94600, lincoln, ne 68509, referring to job o rder n um ber 520206. affirm ative action, equal o pportunity employer. a s so c ia te directo r of th e library, nicholls state uni versity, thibodaux, louisiana. specific responsibilities include: developing and allocating significant portions of the library ope ra­ tions budget; planning and providing for the im plem entation of library autom ation; managing the recruitment, training, evaluation and developm ent of library personnel; consulting faculty, adm in is­ trators and other university personnel to facilitate program s; m an­ aging the library’s facilities. c ontributions as a professional and as a m em ber of the university are required. the associate director is the principal adm inistrator of the library in the absence of the director. q ualifications: m ls from an ala-accredited school; a second m asters, ph.d. preferred. extensive and increasingly re­ sponsible experience in an academ ic research library, including at least five years in a m anagem ent position. broad know ledge of diverse acad em ic library operations, an understanding of the scholarly use of library resources and service, exceptional organ­ izational and interpersonal skills, dem onstrated ability to work effectively with all m em bers of the extended academ ic com m unity, superior com m unication skills and creativity in planning are re­ quired. the ability to anticipate and the flexibility to adjust to changing priorities, procedures and w orkload and the ability to relate with sensitivity to staff at all levels are essential for success in this position. salary: $35,000 per fiscal year m inimum, de p e n d ­ ent on experience and qualifications. tw elve-m onth adm inistrative position. deadline: june 1, 1990, or until position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and three references to: sharon goad, library director, eilender m emorial library, n icholls state university, p.o. box 2028, thibodaux, la 70310. nicholls state university is an affirm ative action, equal o pportunity em ployer. w om en and ethnic m inorities are encouraged to apply. a u t o m a t io n l ib r a r ia n /t e c h n ic a l s e r v ic e s c o o r d in a t o r , m urphy library, u niversity of w iscon sin-la crosse. tenure-track, faculty position. r esponsible fo r library autom ation activities, such as planning for upgrades, enhance­ m ents and/or system replacem ent as required. (50%) general responsibility fo r ongoing m anagem ent of the oclc ls2000 li­ brary autom ation system. (25%) c oordinate selection, installation, and use of m icrocom puter-based system s such as o clc 350 system s, and general office software. (25%) c oordinate catalog­ ing, serials, acquisitions, and m icroform s and serve on the library’s m anagem ent council. o ccasional r eference/lnform ation desk duty including w eekends in rotation. the professional librarians are organized as an academ ic departm ent and participate in collegial governance affairs. requires a m inim um of 3 years professional experience in large scale library autom ation, good com m unication skills, and an ala-accredited mls. som e adm inistrative experi­ ence preferred. additional graduate degree preferred and required for tenure. salary fo r academ ic year from $28,000 to $32,000 depending on qualifications and experience. possible sum m er appointm ent. send letter of application, names, addresses, and phone num bers of three current references and resum e by july 13, 1990, to: edwin hill, departm ent chairperson, m urphy library, u niversity of w isconsin-la crosse, la crosse, w l 54601. aa/ eoe. business refer en ce lib r a r ia n /b ib lio g r a ph e r . the university of nevada, las vegas, a dynam ic, urban university with 16,000 students, seeks an innovative, service-oriented librarian to serve as subject bibliographer and faculty liaison fo r the college of business and econom ics and the college of hotel adm inistration (the university is a m em ber of chris, the c onsortium of hospitality research inform ation services) and to provide general and subject specific reference assistance from a central reference collection. o ther duties include database searching and end-user instruction, salary guide listed below are the minimum starting sal­ ary figures recommended by 19 state library organizations for professional library posts in these states. job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini­ mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989 issue of library journal, the ala survey o f librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, o r the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacan­ cies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel resources. connecticut indiana iowa kansas louisiana maine massachusetts new hampshire new jersey new york north carolina ohio pennsylvania rhode island south carolina south dakota vermont west virginia wisconsin $27,000 varies* $19,619 $17,500* $20,000 varies* $27,554* $17,500 $24,200 varies* $20,832 $20,024 $23,700* $23,750 varies* $20,000 $20,500 $20,000 $23,700 *r ather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. june 1 9 9 0 /5 8 5 bibliographic instruction, developm ent of bibliographies and re­ search guides. reports to head reference librarian. w ork sched­ ule will include regular evening and weekend duties in rotation. qualifications: applicants must have a m aster’s degree from an ala-accredited program; degree in business or m anagement field or a minimum of two years, business reference experience; dem ­ onstrated commitment to public service, ability to work effectively with students, faculty, and staff; effective oral and written com m u­ nication skills; database searching. an advanced degree in a business field, academ ic reference and bibliographic instruction experience are desirable. for continued em ployment, successful performance of job responsibilities and a record of university and professional contributions that meet university standards is ex­ pected. salary range: $28,000-$35,000 depending on experience and qualifications. librarians at unlv have tenure-track positions with faculty status, 12-month appointm ents with 24 days per year of paid vacation and a standard package of fringe benefits includ­ ing tiaa/cref. no state income tax. application: applications received by june 25, 1990, will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application; resume; names, phone numbers and head o f acquisitions littauer library harvard college library harvard university utilize your strong management and academic library experience to oversee and coordinate the acquisition of monographs and serials. reporting to the librarian of littauer library and supervis­ ing six library assistants, you will oversee serials control, including check-in of current serials, resolve complex serial problems, develop and maintain relationships with vendors, and consoli­ date subscriptions with appropriate agents. your proven ability to work in a collegiate environment will assist you in selecting and reviewing material for retention, coordinating gift acquisitions, serving as primary hollis liaison, maintaining and distributing new books listing to faculty and staff, and providing reference service. additional responsibilities include overseeing binding and procedures for obtaining missing back issues of journals, managing the deaccession of materials, book and periodical sales to dealers, and support­ ing collection development and management. an mls degree from an ala accredited library school is required, along with a minimum of 3 years’ acquisitions/technical experience, includ­ ing automated library systems. strong communi­ cations, organizational, and supervisory skills are essential. familiarity with standard business practices is desirable. please sub m it resumes a n d three sources for current reference to: susan lee, associate librarian o f harvard college library fo r personnel, widener library, room 98, cambridge, m a 02138. a n affirmative action/e q u a l opportunity employer. harvard university addresses of three references to: mary dale deacon, dean of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, 4505 s. maryland parkway, las vegas, nv 89154. unlv is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. catalog librarian. san diego state university invites appli­ cations for the position of catalog librarian. situated 30 miles north of the mexican border and 120 miles south of los angeles, san diego ranks sixth in size among the nation’s cities. with over 35,500 students, sdsu is the largest of the 20 cam puses that make up the california state university system. the library has a total collection of one million volumes, and a staff of 35 profession­ als and 85 support personnel. cataloging in all aspects of the social sciences, art, and/or literature; other assigned duties, which may include collection developm ent, reference, online biblio­ graphic searching, library instruction, etc. qualifications: mls or equivalent from an ala-accredited institution. bachelor’s or ad­ vanced degree in the social sciences or humanities preferred. analytical and problem-solving skills and aptitude for work requir­ ing accuracy and attention to detail. ability to work effectively with students, faculty, and library colleagues. knowledge of marc formats, lc classification, lc subject headings, and aacr2 rev. professional cataloging experience, especially in the areas of the social sciences, art, and/or literature, in an academ ic library using oclc preferred. knowledge of opac and online authority control desirable. w orking knowledge of a european language desirable. entry-level candidates with relevant subject backgrounds will also be considered. senior assistant librarian or associate librarian, depending upon qualifications and experience. full-time, tenure track, faculty position. reappointment, tenure, and prom otion require evidence of continuing professional development. salary range: $34,764-$60,960. application date: to ensure full consid­ eration, applications should be received by july 6 ,1 9 9 0 , when the appointm ent comm ittee will begin screening. desired starting date: october 1, 1990. please subm it letter of application with resume and names of at least three references to: gerald d. palsson, associate university librarian for administrative serv­ ices, ref: cat, san diego state university library, san diego, ca 92182-0511. sdsu is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity, title ix em ployer and does not discriminate against handicapped persons. catalog m anagem ent and authorities librarian, cornell university library, central technical services. administer the catalog m anagement unit (one of 3 units in the catalog department). the unit consists of the authority control section, catalog management and recon section, and barcode cleanup group. the authority control section creates and maintains au­ thority records and m aintains headings on bibliographic records in the online catalog database. the catalog management and recon section m aintains bibliographic and holdings records in card and online catalogs and does conversion of card records, bookm ark­ ing, and barcoding. the barcode cleanup group coordinates unit library barcoding projects and deals with resulting bibliographic control problems (2-year project). other responsibilities: partici­ pate with head of the department and other unit heads in the administration of a large complex department, functioning in an automated environm ent in which change is constant; oversee authority control for the cornell database; act as resource person on authority control and play a important role in development of authority control policies for the library; seek grant funding and manage grant-funded project. qualifications: mls or equivalent graduate degree; 5-6 years, experience in bibliographic control, including some cataloging using aacr2 and lcsh on an auto­ mated system ; working knowledge of the usmarc form ats; dem onstrated ability to plan and manage several projects sim ulta­ neously and deal with complex problems; 3 years adm inistrative experience including staff supervision; excellent interpersonal, written and verbal com munication skills. salary $28,000+ depend­ ing on qualifications. send cover letter, resume, and three refer­ ences, by july 1,1 9 9 0 , to: ann dyckman, personnel director, 201 olin library, cornell university library, ithaca, ny 14853-5301. cornell university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em ­ ployer. cataloger. liberal arts/performing arts college in w estch­ ester county, new york, needs a cataloger. formulates policies and procedures, trains and supervises staff, catalogs in all formats except music. public service and collection developm ent opportu­ nities. required: masters degree from an ala-accredited library 5 8 6 / c &rl news assistant catalog librarian new mexico state university faculty position with responsibilities for both original and non-original cataloging of monographs, serials, and special formats, and retrospective conversion in a broad range of subject fields. includes supervision of classified staff. must be willing to participate in shared responsibilities including collection management and reference services. qualifications: requires ala-accredited mls; working knowledge of oclc, aacr2, and lc classifications; demonstrated ability to communicate effectively. preferred qualifications include 3-5 years cataloging experience; second master’s degree; working knowledge of western european languages, especially german. appointed to a faculty position, the individual employed will be expected to fulfill the usual requirements for promotion and tenure. attractive fringe benefit package with 22 days’ annual leave. salary from $20,500. nmsu enrolls over 14,000 students in 75 major undergraduate areas, 45 master’s degrees, and 19 doctoral degree programs. in its 102nd year, nmsu is the land-grant institution for new mexico. located in southern new mexico on the high desert in the city of las cruces, nmsu is 4 miles from el paso, texas, atthe southern edge of the rocky mountains. the area enjoys abundant sunshine and moderate temperatures, yet is within easy driving distance of alpine areas that include excellent skiing and winter sports. the nmsu library is in the initial stages of an $11 million expansion and is highly automated using oclc, vtls online catalog and circulation system, innovac, dialog, and has an expanding cd rom operation. application deadline, july 15,1990. send letter of application with resume and transcripts, and have three letters of recommendation sent to: anne morgan, head of technical service new mexico state university library box 30006, dept. 3475 las cruces, nm 88003-0006 nm su is an equal-opportunity em ployer with an affirm ative-action plan. w om en, ethnic m inorities, persons with disabilities, and vietnam veterans are encouraged to apply. school, e xpe rience ca talo gin g in an autom ated environm ent, know ledge of oclc, aacrii, lc classification. faculty status and liberal fringe benefits. m inimum $22,000 depending on qualifica­ tions and experience. send resum e with nam es of three references to: peter brown, affirm ative action o fficer, su ny at purchase, 735 anderson hill road, purchase, ny 10577. review of resum es begins june 30, 1990. position available septem ber 1, 1990. c a ta l o g er s (tw o). the university of alabam a seeks a pp lica­ tions fo r the follow ing positions: m onographs catalog librarian, instructor or a ssistant professor level to provide, under the supe r­ vision of the head, catalog departm ent, general original catalo g­ ing and editing of o clc copy fo r m onographs in the main and departm ental libraries. to assist with the form ulation and review of policies and procedures in the departm ent, and with conducting g raduate school of library and inform ation science internships. q ualification s— instructor: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; know ledge of aacr 2, library of congress classification, lcsh, and relevant m arc form ats; ability to w ork effectively with others. desired: e xperience with o c lc or other bibliographic utility; cataloging experience, preferably in a large academ ic or other research library; coursew ork, undergraduate or graduate degree in business or the sciences; experience with notis; know ledge of one or more m odern european languages. q ualifications— a ssistant professor: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; successful cataloging experience, preferably in a large academ ic or other research library; know ledge of aacr2, library of c ongress classification, lcsh, and relevant marc form ats; ability to w ork effectively with others. desired: experience w ith o clc or other bibliographic utility; coursew ork, undergraduate or graduate degree in business or the sciences; experience with notis; know ledge of one or more m odern euro­ pean languages. serials catalog librarian, instructor or assistant professor level to provide, under the supervision of the head, catalog departm ent, original cataloging and editing of o clc copy for serials in the main and departm ental libraries. to assist with the form ulation and review of policies and procedures in the dep art­ ment, and with conducting g raduate school of library and inform a­ tion science internships. q ualifications— instructor: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; know ledge of aacr2, library of c ongress classification, lcsh, and relevant m arc form ats; ability to w ork effectively with others. desired: experience with o clc or other bibliographic utility; serials cataloging experi­ ence, preferably in a large academ ic or other research library; experience with no tis; know ledge of one or more m odern euro­ pean languages. q ualifications— a ssistant professor: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; successful serials cataloging experience, preferably in a large academ ic or other research library, know ledge of aacr 2, library of c ongress cla ssi­ fication, lcsh, and relevant m arc form ats; ability to w ork effec­ tively with others. desired: experience with o clc or other biblio­ graphic utility; experience with no tis; know ledge of one or more modern european languages. appointm ents at the instructor level will be with a beginning salary of $20,000. a ssistant professor level positions m inim um $24,000. the u n iversity of a laba m a is a m em ber of arl, oclc, and crl, and is currently converting to the no tis system . applicants are invited to apply fo r one or both positions depending upon credentials and interests. send letter of application, resum e and nam es and addresses of three references to: sondra tucker, libraries personnel o fficer, the university of alabam a, catalog librarian searches, p.o. box 870266, t us­ caloosa, al 35487-0266 by the application deadline of june 29, 1990. the university of alabam a is an equal opportunity, affirm a­ tive action em ployer. june 1990 / 587 circulation librarian. this is a professional position to provide leadership and direction for library circulation activities. responsibilities include: overseeing all circulation activities; train­ ing, supervising and evaluating staff; perform ing some public services work. circulation activities are highly automated. flexible work schedule required. experience with an automated circulation system or other autom ation activities desirable. tenure-track position beginning approxim ately october 1, 1990. ala-accred ited master’s in library/lnform ation science required. for tenure eligibility, by year six of em ploym ent a second m aster’s/sixth-year certificate required. salary range is $2325-$2750/m onth. review of applications begins july 1‚ 1990, and will continue until position is filled. send letter of application, resume/vitae and names of three references to: harvey varnet, university library, g overnors state university, university park, il 60466. gsu is an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action university and especially encourages appli­ cations from m em bers of minority groups and women. collection developm ent librarian: full-time probation­ ary, tenure-track, assistant professor to provide leadership in collection developm ent and m aintenance activities. develop and implement collection developm ent and evaluation strategies; work with librarians and instructional faculty to oversee collection devel­ opment; write collection evaluation reports as required. this public service position, reporting to the dean, may have other duties assigned depending on the skills and background of the incum­ bent. ala-approved m aster’s degree and three years experience in a com parable academ ic library. collection developm ent experi­ ence required. leadership and good com m unication skills essen­ tial. preference will be given to those who have worked with an online system, possess subject m aster’s degree, and who dem on­ strate other transferable library skills. salary to $38,000 for up to 180 duty days per year. applications from m inorities are encour­ aged. memorial library is home to msus/pals, an integrated online library system containing over 3.5 million records, now serving 55 public and private academ ic libraries in minnesota and north dakota. applications m ust be postmarked by june 25,199 0. preliminary interviews may be conducted at ala/chicago june 23 2 8 ,1 9 9 0 . appointm ent will be made in september 1990. apply to: thomas m. peischl, dean of the library, mankato state univer­ sity, msu box 19-p.o. box 8400, mankato, mn 56002-8400. co o rdinato r, m initex/oclc services. the minitex li­ brary information network is a resource sharing network serving libraries in minnesota, north dakota, and south dakota. coordina­ tors are responsible for the developm ent of training and support program s of various oclc subsystem s and services for over 160 libraries in the region. required qualifications: m aster’s degree assistant director for automated systems michigan state university nominations and applications are invited for this exciting and challenging new position which will exercise a strong leadership role in all facets of the development and utilization of information technology in the msu libraries. the successful candidate for this position will work directly with the library automation systems (e.g., acquisitions, circulation, and online public access), for the development of a coherent infrastructure within the libraries for public access computer systems, administrative support systems, telecommunications systems, and local area networks, plus major facilities planning. hires and oversees systems staff, coordinates library automation systems/ projects. prepares appropriate budgets/grants for library technology development, and serves as liaison to the msu computer laboratory the academic unit administering mainframe campus networking services. required: a la-accredited master’s degree in library science or an advanced degree in computer science or some other relevant field, substantial experience in planning and implementing automated systems and technology-based systems and services in academic and research libraries. also requires strong communication skills and the ability to relate well with technical and non-technical people of all types and at all levels; management skills; competency and currency in library automation, including knowledge of oclc, major integrated online systems and microcom puter/cd-rom applications; and ability to view issues from a library/university-wide perspective. preferred: experience with mainframe library systems, notis and ibm environments particularly desirable; knowledge of telecommunications; national, and local area networks. salary is $50,000 minimum, depending on experience and qualifications. msu, enrolls over 40,000 students in 14 colleges. the library system contains over 3 million volumes/microforms and 25,000 separate serial titles received regularly, and operates with the oclc, notis and innovacq systems. memberships include arl and crl. east lansing is a community of approximately 50,000 located adjacent to lansing, the state capital. effective starting date is july 1,1990, or as soon as possible thereafter. applications and nominations should be submitted, preferably by may 31; late submissions will be considered if a suitable candidate pool is not identified by the deadline. submit letter of application, resume, names, addresses and telephone numbers of 4 references to: hiram l. davis, director of libraries michigan state university east lansing, ml 48824-1048 michigan state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. 5 8 8 / c&rl news faculty positions in library serials librarian: responsible for original cataloging and processing of serials in all formats using oclc and notis; and database maintenance, including editing records to conform with ansi local standards. reports to serials/acquisitions manager. cataloger: responsible for original cataloging of oclc, monographs and items in all formats using oclc and notis; and database maintenance, including editing records to conform to lc and local standards. experience cataloging non-print formats is also desirable. reports to head of cataloging. reference librarian: responsible for general reference utilizing traditional and computerized resources, including opac, cdroms and online databases. additional responsibilities include collection development in subject specialities and participation in a comprehensive bibliographic instruction program. candidates must demonstrate well-developed interpersonal and communication skills and the ability to work creatively in a rapidly changing environment. reports to the head of reference. qualifications: above positions all require an mls from an ala-accredited library school and two years relevant experience in an academic or research library. for serials librarian and cataloger positions, candidates must also have knowledge of library of congress classification and subject headings, aacr2, and marc formats. appointments are at the rank of instructor or assistant professor; an assistant professorship requires a second masters. salary range from $26,260-$40,390, depending upon rank, educational attainment, scholarly contributions, and relevant work experience. baruch, a senior college of the city university of new york (cuny), is a member of cuny + ‚ an integrated library system based on notis, serving 18 units of the university. the library collection features 390,000 volumes and 2,500 current serial titles, serving an undergraduate population of approximately 12,000 and a graduate one of approximately 3,000. send letter of application, resumes, and three names of professional references by june 1 4 , 1990 to: chief librarian, baruch college/cuny, 17 lexington avenue, box 317, new york, new york 10010. aa/eoe. minorities are encouraged to apply. baruch college/cuny from an a la-accredited library school and a m inim um of one year of professional library experience. know ledge of cataloging prin­ ciples and standards using aac r 2 and o c lc /m a r c and e xpe ri­ ence using the o c lc cataloging subsystem . w orking know ledge of one or m ore m icrocom puter softw are packages. effective written and oral com m unication skills. d em onstrated organizational skills. a ppointm ent: a ppointm ent is in the u niversity of m in n e so ta ’s a cadem ic adm inistrative class. m inimum salary is $26,000 and is dep ende nt upon qualifications and experience. excellent fringe benefits. o ne position will be available septem ber 1, 1990; a possible second m ay be available dep ende nt on funding. a p p lica ­ tio n s including the position num ber ul196 m ust be postm arked by july 6, 1990. requests fo r a com plete position description and letters of application, including a detailed resum e and nam es and addresses of three references, should be addressed to: barbara doyle, personnel and s taff developm ent o fficer, university librar­ ies, 453 w ilson library, 309 19th avenue south, m inneapolis, mn 55255-0414. the u n iversity of m inn esota is an equal opportunity edu cato r and em ployer and specifically invites and encourages application from w om en and m inorities. dir ec to r , c la r k e hist o r ic a l libr ary, c entral m ichigan u niversity libraries. central m ichigan university is com m itted to diversity as an educational value and to taking affirm ative actions to ensure equal opportunity in all areas of the university. such facto rs as religion, national origin, race, color, sex, handicap, age, height, weight, m arital status, veteran status, citizenship, or sexual orientation are not used as a basis for discrim ination or harass­ ment. in accord with this com m itm ent to diversity and n o n discrim i­ nation, the central m ichigan u niversity libraries invite a pp lica­ tions from qualified individuals fo r the follow ing position: director, clarke historical library. the library, concentrating in the history of m ichigan and the old n orthw est territory, also includes a sizable historical collection of ch ild re n ’s literature. the d irector is respon­ sible for the adm inistration, developm ent, and prom otion of co lle c­ tions and services. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls, or equivalent library know ledge/experience; m a in am erican his­ tory or am erican studies; library experience; relevant scholarly publications; know ledge of bibliographic resources, preservation, and historical m aterials including rare books an m anuscripts; com m unication skills, public service orientation, and adm inistra tiv e /s u p e rv is o ry e x p e rie n c e . s tro n g ly p re fe rre d q u a lific a tio n : ph.d. in am erican history or am erican studies. desired q u a lifica­ tions: experience and/or training in public history; experience in grant w riting and prom otional activities; fam iliarity with library autom ation; and know ledge of publishing. it is a twelve-m onth, adm inistrative position. salary is com m ensurate with q u a lifica­ tions, m inim um $41,000. excellent fringe benefits. applications and nom inations will be accepted until the position is filled. review of ca n d id a te s’ files will begin im m ediately. subm it letter of ap p lica ­ tion citing position; resum e; nam es, addresses, and telephone num bers of at least three references to: c hairperson, selection com m ittee, 207 park library, central m ichigan university, mt. pleasant, ml 48859. dir ec to r of d e ve lo p m e n t, sterling c. evans library, texas a&m university: in conjunction with the library d irector and the library developm ent and prom otion coordinator, designs, directs, and coordinates the library’s developm ent program fo r m ajor gifts. w orks with the university d evelopm ent foundation and the library on cultivation and solicitation of individuals, private foundations, corporations and other groups. advises on all m atters of gift recognition and stewardship. w orks closely with library d evelop­ m ent council and friends of the library board. reports jo intly to the library d irector and the d evelopm ent foundation. em ployed by the d evelopm ent foundation. q ualifications: c ollege degree required, advanced degree with know ledge and understanding of libraries preferred. mls advantageous. m inim um tw o years profes­ sional experience in developm ent or institutional relations. m ini­ mum five years total experience. strong writing and speaking skills required; m arketing and public relations experience preferred. ability to develop strong team w ork approach with involved library staff. c apital cam paign experience desirable. salary: $27,500 m inim u m , c o m m e n su ra te w ith q u a lific a tio n s and exp e rie n ce . c o m pe titive ben efits package. texas a&m university has an enrollm ent of 40,000 and is located between houston and austin. d eadline fo r applications is july 1 5 ,1 9 9 0 . subm it letter of a pp lica­ tion, com plete resum e and nam es and telephone num bers of three professional references to: durw ood lewis, director of college june 1990 / 589 catalog librarians (two positions) olin library system washington university in st. louis the olin library system of washington university in st. louis is seeking talented and dynamic individuals to serve as catalog librarians. the olin library system is engaged in a multi-year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. the olin library system consists of a large central library and eight satellite subject libraries. this catalog librarian performs original and adaptive cataloging according to aacr2, oclc, and lc standards; creates and maintains records in card and online files: participates in formulating cataloging policies and procedures; assists with training personnel; develops and recommends authority control procedures and resolves authority problems. desirable qualifications: academic library cataloging experience with aacr2 and lc classifica­ tion. knowledge of oclc and other automated systems. knowledge of online authority control systems. required: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. working knowledge of a western foreign language, preferably german. an understanding of the information needs of a research university. ability to work effectively in a collegial manner in a changing environment. minimum salary $22,000. for full consideration applicants should send a resume and three letters of reference to: personnel offices box 1184 washington university one brookings drive st. louis, mo 63130-4899 position will remain open until filled; initial review of applications will begin july 15, 1990. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. w ashington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. programs, texas a&m university development foundation, 610 evans library, college station, tx 77843. director o f t e c h n ic a l servic es, g eneral libraries, emory university (search extended). responsibilities: provides creative leadership in planning, developing, and administering the technical services division of the emory university general libraries. participates in overall library management and reports to the vice provost/director of libraries. the division is composed of 5 departments: catalog, catalog support, serials control, acquisi­ tions, and processing. in areas of responsibilities represents the libraries at the national level (e.g. rlg, oclc). will play a lead role in the continuing implementation of the dobis integrated library system, will direct a funded major retrospective conversion project, and will plan for additional creative uses of the resources of both rlin and oclc. q ualifications: ala-accredited mls or equiva­ lent. extensive experience in research libraries in increasingly responsible adm inistrative positions sufficient to dem onstrate competence in m anagem ent of technical library operations. broad knowledge of technical operations and procedures. strongly demonstrated interpersonal skills; leadership qualities with under­ standing of national developm ents and standards in bibliographic control; experience with autom ated technologies and their appro­ priateness for library operations; good analytical, creative and organizational skills; ability to com municate and coordinate activi­ ties with library divisions, other libraries and departm ents of the university; sensitivity to information needs in a university com m u­ nity. technical services division and general libraries: the tech­ nical services division has forty-four professional and paraprofes­ sional staff members. the collections of the general libraries total 1,100,000 volum es (over 2,000,000 volumes for all emory librar­ ies), 1,200,000 microforms, 6,000 linear feet of manuscripts with a growing collection of audiovisual materials. the staff totals ap­ proximately 150. other resources are available in separate librar­ ies for law, health sciences, theology and oxford college. the library materials budget of more than $2,500,000 provides for the purchase of materials for the general libraries which support arts and sciences and business. beginning salary: dependent upon qualifications and experience, but not less than $45,000. com pre­ hensive benefits package, including tiaa/cref. send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: paul m. cousins, jr., chair, search committee, robert w. w oodruff library, emory university, at­ lanta, ga 30322. review of additional applications for the contin­ ued search begins august 1‚ 1990, and continues until an appoint­ ment is made. emory university is an equal opportunity, affirm a­ tive action employer. engineering reference librarian, assistant professor (tenure-leading), branch services department, starting septem ­ ber 4. 1) provide reference service for engineering library and referral reference services for mathematics & statistics and phys­ ics & astronom y libraries as well as for computer science faculty and students. 2) develop engineering library reference and prod­ 5 9 0 / c&rl news uct catalog collections. 3) provide library/bibliographic instruction for c om puter science, engineering, m athem atics and statistics, and physics and astronom y. 4) adm inister m athem atics & s tatis­ tics and physics & astronom y libraries and supervise a la iii at each of these libraries. 5) provide collection developm ent/subject liaison with c om puter science, m athem atics & statistics, and physics & astronom y departm ents. 6) provide com puter search services for areas cited above. mls from an ala-accredited library school, dem onstrated oral and written com m unication skills, and good interpersonal skills. u ndergraduate degree, graduate course work, or gradu ate deg re e in eng ine ering, c o m p u te r science, m athem atics, statistics, physics, or astronom y; reference e xpe ri­ ence in an academ ic or special library; online and cd-rom com puter searching experience; reading know ledge of one or more fore ign languages; dem onstrated successful supe rvisory/m an agem ent skills or experience; dem onstrated teaching/library in­ struction skills. $22,000 m inim um fo r a 12-month contract. salary may be higher depending upon the qualifications of the successful applicant. apply with full resum e plus nam es and current ad dresses/telephone num bers of three references by july 16 to: kent hendrickson, 106 love library, university of nebraska-lincoln, lincoln, nebraska 68588-0410. affirm ative action, equal o pportu­ nity employer. g r a d u a te re se a r c h a s s is t a n t s desired. the library science of w ayne state university seeks qualified applicants to enroll in its program leading to the m aster of science degree. w ayne s ta te ’s library science program is accredited by the am erican library association. program graduates are qualified for professional, entry level, career positions in corporate, academ ic, public and school libraries. those selected will receive a salary, health insurance, and free tuition and books for one academ ic year. situated on a beautifully landscaped cam pus, w ayne state uni­ versity is a leading research institution that serves over 32,000 students, fo r details, please write: peter spyers-duran, dean, library science program, 134 purdy library, w ayne state u niver­ sity detroit, ml 48009, attention: code 1. head, ar c h iv es and spec ia l c o lle c tio n s. environm ent: the a rchives and special collections departm ent, with 3 librarians and 4 support staff has a collection of 55,000 m onographs and alm ost 300,000 new spaper and periodical volum es. the d epart­ m ent contains the rare book collection, the university archives, a m ajor collection of floridiana and the largest collection of cuban exile writings and m em orabilia. the collections include photo­ graphs, maps, audiovisual tapes, and records as well as books. the richter library plans to im plem ent the in n o pac /in n o vaq system in early 1991. the university of miami library system, with holdings in excess of 1.7 m illion volum es, is a m em ber of the association of research libraries and the c enter fo r research libraries. r esponsibilities: the head reports to the a ssistant director fo r library c ollections and is responsible for the direction and m anagem ent of the archives and special c ollections depart­ ment. m anages the growth of the collections through donations and purchases. establishes liaison with um faculty and with the local com m unity in order to acquire appropriate m aterials and prom ote their use. publicizes the collection through exhibitions, publications and special program s. provides high-quality refer­ ence and instructional services. o versees the original cataloging and classification of book, nonbook, and m anuscript m aterials. c ontrib utes to library, university, and professio nal activities. q ualifications: required is the mls from an ala-accredited library school or foreign equivalent; at least five years progressively responsible experience in archives and/or special collections; know ledge of preservation techniques for rare and archival m ate­ rials; strong oral and w ritten com m u n ica tio n s skills; sup e rio r adm inistrative skills. preferred is a service m inded librarian with university library experience, proficient in spanish, experienced in a com puterized environm ent, with the ability to w ork successfully in a m ulticultural setting, and capable of participation in fundraising activities including grant writing. appointm ent: tw elve-m onth te n ­ ure-earning faculty appointm ent. librarians are expected to meet the u niversity’s criteria fo r prom otion and tenure which require research, publication, and involvem ent in the profession. salary/ benefits: starting salary negotiable, m inimum $35,000. benefits include m oving allowance. university assistance with house fi­ nancing, tuition remission, paid pension plan options including tiaa/c ref, paid life insurance, partially paid m edical/dental in­ surance plans, 22 days paid vacation. closing: for full considera­ tion, apply before july 16, 1990. docum ents: send application letter, resume, and nam es of three references to: ronald p. naylor, a ssistant director for adm inistrative services, otto g. richter library, university of miam i, p.o. box 248214, coral gables, fl 33124; fax (305) 665-7352. university of miami is an equal opp or­ tunity, affirm ative action em ployer. head, ca talo g in g d e pa r tm en t (search extended). the university of akron is the third largest state-assisted university in ohio. it offers its 29,000 day and evening students more than 230 associate’s, bachelor’s and m aste r’s degree program s, and 14 doctoral degree program s. the university library and learning associate dean of libraries for public service a d e lp h i u niversity se e ks e x p e r i­ e n c e d , re s o u rc e fu l, a n d e n e r g e tic in d iv id u a l to a s s u m e a d m in is tr a tiv e re s p o n s ib ilitie s fo r a m a jo r d iv is io n o f its lib ra rie s. the a s s o c ia te d e a n is re s p o n s ib le fo r (1) s e v e n p u b lic s e rv ­ ic e s u nits in th e s w irbul ( m a in ) library, a s w e ll a s th e s e p a r a te ly h o u s e d s c ie n c e l ib ra ry a n d th e lib ra rie s a t th e m a n h a t t a n a n d h un­ tin g to n c e n te rs ; a n d (2 ) a s s is ta n c e to th e d e a n in a v a r ie ty o f lib ra ry ­ w id e a d m in is tr a tiv e re s p o n s ib ilitie s . mls fro m a n ala a c c r e d it e d lib ra ry s c h o o l a n d s ig n ific a n t e x p e r ie n c e in a c a d e m ic lib ra ry p u b lic s e rv ic e s a n d a d m in is tr a tio n a r e re q u ire d . $ 4 5 , 0 0 0 m in im u m ; 12 m o n t h a p p o in t m e n t (2 2 d a y s v a c a t io n ) ; e x c e lle n t benefits, in c lu d in g tiaa/cref. a d e lp h i university, th e o ld e s t p riv a te institutio n o f h ig h e r e d u c a t io n o n long island, s e rv in g a p p r o x im a te ly 9 , 0 0 0 g r a d u a t e a n d u n d e r g r a d u a te stu­ d e n ts , is c u r r e n t ly u n d e r g o in g c h a lle n g in g a n d e x c itin g c h a n g e s , in­ c lu d in g a re d e fin itio n o f its mission a n d g o a ls a n d a revision o f its c u rric u lu m . the university ubraries c o n ta in a p p r o x ­ im a te ly 5 8 2 , 0 0 0 v o lu m e s , 5 6 9 , 0 0 0 m icro fo rm s, 3 5 , 0 0 0 n o n p rin t item s, a n d m a in ta in s o v e r 5 , 0 0 0 c u rre n t serials su b scrip tio n s. fully a u t o m a t e d s y s te m s (o c l c a n d in n o v a c q / in n o p a c ) s u p p o r t o n lin e p u b l ic a c c e s s c a ta lo g s , a s w ell as c irc u la tio n , a c q u is itio n s , a n d serials fu n ctio n s. s c re e n in g o f a p p lic a tio n s w ill b e g in june 1‚ 1 9 9 0 . send le tte r o f a p p lic a tio n , c u rric u lu m v ita e , a n d n a m e s o f th re e re fe re n ce s to: e u g en e t. neely, d e a n o f libraries, adelphi university, box 7 0 4 , g a rd e n city, n e w york 11530. june 1990/591 resources is seeking a professional, experienced m anager to effectively set priorities and direct the workflow of its cataloging department. reporting directly to the director of university library and learning resources, the head of the cataloging department supervises 6.0 professional and 5.0 staff em ployees. this working manager is responsible for: coordinating the original cataloging, copy cataloging and pre-order searching of monographs, serials, government documents, m edia and machine-readable datafiles; maintaining the database, catalog, and authority files; participating in the ullr’s departm ent head’s advisory group and serving on other standing and ad hoc com m ittees; planning and implementing the department’s goals and budget. required: mls from ala accredited institution; at least 5 year’s cataloging experience in varied academic or research libraries dem onstrable successful movement of a large cataloging unit proven expertise with oclc or other major bibliographic utilities, marc form ats and local auto­ mated systems; thorough knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and authority control; excellent oral, written, and inter-personal com m unication skills. preferred: record of increasing responsibil­ ity of staff supervision; experience with vtls; budgetary experi­ ence; potential fo r research and evidence of scholarly/professional achievem ent; evidence of creative and im aginative contributions to overall library management. this is a 12-month, tenure-track appointm ent at the rank of associate professor. it includes 22 days vacation, standard benefits package, and a starting salary be­ tween $39,000-$41,000. application deadline is august 1, 1990. send letter of application, resume, and three current letters of professional recom mendation to: rebecca kopanic, chairperson search comm ittee for head, cataloging department, university of akron, library and learning resources, akron, oh 44325 1706. the university of akron is an equal education and em ploy­ ment institution. head, catalog departm ent (search reopened). supervises and coordinates a cataloging unit with a staff of 6 fte paraprofes­ sionals and two professionals including head. the unit processes college librarian trinity college hartford, connecticut trinity college invites applications and nominations for the position of college librarian. reporting to the dean of the faculty (the institution’s chief academic officer), the librarian is responsible for planning, supervision, and administration of the main library, the watkinson library (a separate research facility), the college archives, and such special collections as the slide and music library. the annual library budget is approximately $2 million, and current holdings include over 800,000 books and periodicals, 200,000 microtexts, 150,000 slides, 15,000 sound recordings, and several thousand videotapes and films. annual acquisition of new books averages 11,000 volumes. the trinity, connecticut college and wesleyan university libraries are linked through a consortium that maintains a common online catalogue and provides state-of-the-art technology for other library functions. expansion of the library’s physical facilities is possible within the mid-term future. qualifications: candidates must have a master’s degree in library science from an ala accredited institution (preferably with additional advanced education) and at least seven years’ experience in the administration of academic or research libraries. particular weight will be given to candidates’ leadership ability and skills in budgeting, personnel management and development, fun­ draising, and long-range planning. thorough knowledge of new library technologies is required, and prior participation in a library building or expansion project is desirable. salary is commensurate with experience and qualifications; the minimum is in the range of $50,000-$55,000. the librarian holds appointment as a member of the faculty. position is available as of september 1‚ 1990. review of applications and nominations will commence on may 15, and applications will be accepted until the position is filled. applicants should submit: 1) brief letter describing their leadership ability and discussing the role of the library in a liberal arts college; 2) current curriculum vita; and 3) names, addresses, and phone numbers of three professional references. applications and nominations should be directed to: j. ronald spencer, associate academic dean trinity college, 300 summit street hartford, ct 06106 trinity college is an affirm ative action/equal opportunity employer. applications from women and members of minorities are encouraged. 5 9 2 / c&rl news over 10,000 volum es per year. o the r duties include responsibilities as a subject bibliographer. required: m aster’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited school and a m inim um of four years of progressively responsible professional technical services experience: strong background in supervision and m anagem ent; knowledge of lc classification, lcsh, aacr2, and marc fo r­ mats; dem onstrated com m unication and interpersonal relations skills. preferred: some experience with an online catalog. position is twelve-m onth, tenure track, t ia a /c r e f or state retirement. salary is $28,000-$32,000. h unter library has an annual m aterials budget of approxim ately $700,000, contains over 350,000 v o l­ umes, and has a staff of 14 professionals and 25 paraprofession­ als. w estern carolina university, with tw o other state universities, has form ed the w estern north carolina library network, which shares an ls/2000 o pac /circulation system . send letter of appli­ cation, resum e, official transcripts, and nam es and telephone num bers of three references to: sharon kimble, search c om m it­ tee, hunter library, w estern carolina u niversity, cullowhee, nc 28723. preference given to applications received by july 1 5 ,199 0. w estern c arolina university is one of the sixteen senior institutions of the university of north c arolina and an affirm ative action, equal opportunity em ployer. the university is located between the great sm oky m ountains and the blue ridge m ountains, 55 m iles w est of asheville, north carolina. head, g o v e r n m e n t d o c u m e n ts and m ic r o tex t (search reopened). experienced, take-charge librarian to m anage a selec­ tive depository library of united states governm ent and north c arolina state docum ents, oversee a m icrotext collection of over 700,000 pieces in a variety of form ats, and provide access to the artom collection, which holds m aterials germ ane to current events from 1948-1989. the head of this departm ent will supervise one professional and a support staff of one. he/she will be responsible for the organization and provision of reference services, biblio­ graphic instruction and control of governm ent docum ents and related tools, and m ay assum e som e collection d eve lop m en t re sp o n sib ility. g o ve rn m e n t d o cum e nts and m icro te xt w ill be m oving to a new and more visible location as part of the renovation of the z. sm ith reynolds library. the successful candidate will be able to participate in the autom ation of the reynolds library. w ake forest university, located in the thriving piedm ont triad of north carolina, has a collection of over one million volum es for a student population of 4,500, and is a liberal arts university with doctoral program s and strong professional schools. m inim um q u a lifica­ tions: ala-accredited mls. 3 years professional experience with docum ents. a dm inistrative ability and com m itm ent to service. desired: supervisory experience. experience with m icroform s. a ppropriate academ ic credentials. knowledge of relevant te c h ­ nologies fo r inform ation storage and retrieval. salary range: from $23,000 com m ensurate with qualifications and experience. posi­ tion available im m ediately. please send letter of application and resum e with nam es of three references to: director, z. smith reynolds library, box 7 7 7 7 ‚ w ake forest university, w inston salem, nc 27109-7777 by june 20, 1990. aa/eoe. head, m o n o g r a ph c a talo g in g unit, catalog departm ent, g eorgia state university. responsibilities include: revision, tra in ­ ing, and supervision of two faculty rank catalogers and three library technical assistants with responsibility fo r the cataloging of m onographs in all form ats and all languages added to the collection, catalog m aintenance, and retrospective conversion of older m onographs; preparation of training m aterials fo r the unit; planning new procedures and form ulation of standards of ca ta lo g ­ ing quantity and quality; cataloging new titles as tim e perm its; and participation in university and professional activities including research and publication. an online catalog and an integrated online circulation system (pals) are in place, and planning has begun for integrated acquisitions and serials m odules. r etrospec­ tive conversion of bibliographic records for serials is com plete and for m onographs is in progress. library of c ongress classification and subject headings are used. required: an ala-accredited m asters degree and two years experience cataloging in a library using o clc or rlin with one year of supervisory experience. excellent com m unications and interpersonal skills are essential. dem onstrated interest in professional and research activities is im portant. salary: $24,000-$27,000. a vailable septem ber 1990. send letter of interest, resume, and nam es and telephone num bers of current and form er supervisors to: dianne m. smith, library personnel officer, w illiam russell pullen library, g eorgia state university, 100 decatur street, southeast, atlanta, g a 30303director clarke historical library central michigan university libraries central michigan university is committed to diversity as an educational value and to taking affirmative actions to ensure equal opportunity in all areas of the university. such factors as religion, national origin, race, color, sex, handi­ cap, age, height, weight, marital status, veteran status, citizenship, or sexual orientation are not used as a basis for discrimination or harass­ ment. in accord with this commitment to diver­ sity and nondiscrimination, the central michi­ gan university libraries invite applications from qualified individuals for the following position: director, clarke historical library. the li­ brary, concentrating in the history of michigan and the old northwest territory‚ also includes a sizable historical collection of children’s litera­ ture. the director is responsible for the admini­ stration, development, and promotion of collec­ tions and services. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls, or equivalent library knowledge/experi ence; ma in american history or american stud­ ies; library experience; relevant scholarly publi­ cations; knowledge of bibliographic resources, preservation, and historical materials including rare books an manuscripts; communication skills, public service orientation, and adminis trative/supervisory experience. strongly pre­ ferred qualification: ph.d. in american history or american studies. desired qualifications: ex­ perience and/or training in public history; expe­ rience in grant writing and promotional activi­ ties; familiarity with library automation; and knowledge of publishing. it is a twelve-month, administrative position. salary is commensurate with qualifications, minimum $41,000. excellent fringe benefits. applications and nominations will be ac­ cepted until the position is filled. review of candidates’ files will begin immediately. submit letter of application citing position; resume; names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least three references to: chairperson selection committee 207 park library central michigan university mt. pleasant, ml 48859 june 1 9 9 0/593 3081; (404) 651-2172. review of applications begins july 10, 1990, and will continue until the position is filled. an equal o ppor­ tunity affirmative action employer. head of acquisitio ns/collectio n development. the university of w est florida invites applications and nom inations for the position of head of acquisitions/collection development. re­ sponsibilities: selects, acquires, evaluates current and retrospec­ tive monographic titles; m onitors and recom mends allocation of funds to academ ic departm ents; and supervises a staff of three paraprofessionals. additional duties: supervises bibliographic verification and processing of orders; monitors and evaluates approval plan and vendor perform ance; selects replacem ent titles and oversees weeding operations as well as gift retention/dis bursement; form ulates developm ent of departmental policies/pro cedures; interprets library and university policies to staff and patrons; participates in professional developm ent activities as appropriate. reports to director of libraries. qualifications: ala accredited mls; three years experience in acquisitions/collection development, preferably in an academ ic library; strong analytical, communication, interpersonal, organizational, and quantitative skills; ability to w ork with faculty; fam iliarity with the publishing trade; working knowledge of m icrocom puters and/or automated acquisitions, experience with notis highly desirable. salary and benefits: $29,000-$33,000, 12 months. tiaa/cref, other retire­ ment, no state or local income taxes. the university of florida is one of nine institutions in the state university system, all of which use notis. the library serves over 7,000 students with a 500,000 volume collection and 4,500 journal subscriptions. application procedure: send letter of application by july 31, 1990, including resume and names of 3 professional references to: director’s office, john c. pace library, the university of w est florida, 11000 university parkway, pensacola, fl 32514-5750. uwf is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. head of collection m anagem ent services. cleveland state university library seeks a highly-qualified individual to join a top library m anagem ent team of four other services heads, the deputy director, and the stim ulating and innovative environm ent of an urban university. position reports to the deputy director. shares broad responsibility for m anagement of the library as well as planning, managing, and coordinating all collection management activities, including the collection-related responsibilities of 17 librarians, and the full-tim e supervision of 7 classified staff and 2.5 stu d e n t assistants. o verall respon sibilitie s include collection e valuatio n, sele ctio n and dese le ctio n , acqu isition, pre-ord er search, vendor selection, developm ent of special collections, and m anagement of an acquisitions budget of over $1 million. serves as liaison to the csu com m unity regarding the collections and encourages effective relations between selectors and that com m u­ nity. selects materials in assigned subject areas. may participate in reference, bibliographic instruction and database searching. qualifications required: ala-accredited mls. supervisory experi­ ence and skills necessary to manage collection m anagement services, dem onstrated by experience in m anaging or coordinat­ ing a relevant library operation. five years collection developm ent experience, including substantial experience in selecting library m aterials in an academ ic or research library, as well as relevant acquisitions or serials experience. demonstrated ability to estab­ lish effective and positive relationships with faculty and staff. understanding of the application of autom ation to library opera­ tions. dem onstrated leadership, including good interpersonal, supervisory, and com m unication skills. demonstrated potential for professional contribution and growth. preferred: advanced degree in a subject field. experience with an integrated library system such as notis. knowledge of oclc or another bibliographic utility. minimum salary: $35,000 com m ensurate with background and experience. cleveland state university, now celebrating its 25th anniversary, has over 18,000 students, over 600 faculty and offers a wide range of degree programs. located in the heart of the city near playhouse square, csu has easy access to the cultural attractions of university circle, such as the cleveland orchestra and the cleveland museum of art. cleveland has a rich diversity of ethnic and racial grounds, super libraries and other cultural institu­ tions, and is a city truly on the move. send letter of application; resume; and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: brian p. ruddick, assistant to director, cleveland state university library, e. 24th & euclid ave., cleveland, oh reference librarian california state university, stanislaus 12-month, tenure-track position, starting september 1990. responsibilities, shared with three other reference librarians, include general reference and online database searching, bibliographic instruction, and collection development. establishes circulation policies in consultation with dean of library services and assists circulation coordinator in resolving special problems. some evening and weekend work required. benefits include 24 days vacation, health, and retirement plans and sabbatical leave. faculty status requires librarians to fulfill faculty requirement for retention, promotion, and tenure. salary: minimum $38,112; rank equivalent to assistant or associate professor, dependent on experience and qualifications. requirements: mls from ala-accredited library school; minimum of three years as a full time reference librarian; preferably in an academic library; demonstrated knowledge of online database searching; experience in library instruction; strong public service commitment; excellent oral, written, and interpersonal communication skills; ability to maintain effective working relationships with col­ leagues and students in a culturally diverse academic community. science background and supervi­ sory skills desirable. applications received by june 15,1990, will be assured consideration. submit complete resume, as well as the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: library search committee c/o john k. amrhein, dean of library services california state university, stanislaus turlock, ca 95380 aa/eoe: women and m inorities are encouraged to apply. 5 9 4 / c &rl news the university o f wisconsin-parkside library/learníng center two public services position c oordinator of o n line search services. the successful candidate will coordinate the library's m ediated and end-user search services; provide reference service; serve as liaison to several faculty departments for purposes of bibliographic instruction, online searching, and collection development; and participate in outreach programs. qualifications: required: graduate library degree from an ala accredited library school; substantial experience searching dialog a n d /o r brs; ability to w ork confidently and creatively with microcomputers and software; well developed interpersonal and communication skills; evidence of professional commitment to librarianship. desired: teaching experience and demonstrated interest in and knowledge of current trends in bibliographic instruction. reference/outreach librarian. the successful candidate will coordinate the library's community outreach services; supervise interlibrary-loan functions; provide reference service; and serve as liaison to several faculty departments for purposes of bibliographic instruction, online searching, and collection development. qualifications: required: graduate library degree from an ala accredited library school; well developed interpersonal and communication skills; evidence of professional commitment to librarianship. desired: experience in providing outreach programs; experience in business librarianship or academic background in business; microcomputer and online searching experience; teaching experience and dem onstrated interest in and knowledge of current trends in bibliographic instruction. salary: minimum of $24,000, depending on experience and qualifications. to apply: applicants are invited to apply for one or both positions depending on credentials and interests. send letter of application, resume, graduate transcripts, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to: linda piele, chair, search and screen committee, library/leam ing center, uw-parkside, box no. 2000, kenosha, w i53141 (fax: 414/553-2545). applications received by june 25,1990 will be given first consideration; applications will be accepted until the positions are filled. effective starting date is september 1, 1990. the university of wisconsin-parkside is an equal opportunity/affirm ative action employer. 44115. review of applications will begin july 16 and will continue until the position is filled. starting date o ctober 1. prelim inary inform ational m eetings will be set up at ala. equal o pportunity em ployer, m inority, female, handicapped. head, o r d e r unit, kansas state u niversity libraries. r espon­ sible for m anagem ent m onographic acquisitions, including ap­ proval and blanket order plans, plus serial ordering with a staff of 5 classified and 2 fte student em ployees. o rder unit expends against a budget of nearly $1 m illion out of a t o ta l m aterials budget of over $2.3m . unit head is responsible fo r vendor selection and evaluation. unit is fully autom ated on the ls/2 integrated library system. during fy91, the unit will im plem ent notis. the unit derives records from o c lc thus providing copy to c ataloging dept. the o rder unit head along with the binding, g ifts and serials units, reports to c hair of the acquisitions dept. the unit works closely with the c hair of c ollection developm ent and a core of bibliographers. requirem ents: ala-accredited mls; coursew ork and/or experience in library acquisitions; ability to com m unicate orally and in w riting; dem onstrated supervisory, m anagerial and interpersonal skills. prefer: experience with an autom ated library acqu isitions system ; fam iliarity with o c lc and m arc record form ats; fam iliarity with the use of m icrocom puters; experience in planning, im plem enting and docum enting w orkflow ; fam iliarity with accounting principles. salary: $22,000 m inim um fo r 12-m onth appointm ent, negotiable depending on qualifications. vacation of 22 working days. blue c ross/blue shield and choice of retirem ent plans including tiaa/c ref. ksu is a land grant university with 1,500 faculty and an enrollm ent of over 19,000. librarians at ksu libraries have faculty status and earn tenure. there is support fo r professional developm ent, but no publishing requirem ent. m anhat­ tan is a com m unity or 45,000 situated in the rolling flint hills with a very m oderate cost of living. deadline for application: june 30, 1990. send letter of application, resum e, names, addresses and phone num bers of three references to: jean m cdonald, a d m inis­ trative services, kansas state u niversity libraries, m anhattan, ks 66505. ksu is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action e m ­ ployer. w om en and m inorities are encouraged to apply. head of refer en ce. w right state university, dayton, ohio, is looking for a dynam ic, service-oriented individual to head u niver­ sity l ib ra ry r e fe re n ce d e p a rtm e n t. p rim ary re s p o n s ib ilitie s : plans, im plem ents, and evaluates reference d epartm ent pro­ gram s and services; supervises 7 professional librarians and 3 paraprofessionals; represents the library and the reference de­ partm ent in various state and local organizations; with other library departm ent heads, recom m ends and im plem ents library goals and directives. required: ala-accredited mls; five years professional library experience, including at least tw o years reference experi­ ence and two years experience in supervisory and/or adm in istra­ tive position. desired: additional graduate degree; reference e xp e ­ rience in academ ic or research library; experience with online public access catalog or other autom ated system. m inimum salary $31,800+, tw elve-m onth contract. liberal benefits package. send letter of application, resum e, and nam es of three references to: patricia w alker, business m anager, university library, w right state university, dayton, o hio 45435. application deadline: july 10, 1990. aa/eoe. h e a d o f t e c h n ic a l s e r v ic e s /s y s t e m s l ib r a r ia n , seattle pacific university. r e sponsibilitie s include: m anag ing/ directing technical services and coordinating an online integrated system , including the supervision of a retrospective conversion project. c andidates m ust have: ala-accredited mls; a dm in istra­ tive experience in technical services, fam iliarity with a m ajor bibliographic utility, library autom ation applications, retrospective conversions, and bibliographic database m anagem ent; and effec­ tive interpersonal and com m unication skills. professional position, salary ($29,000-$32,000) depends upon experience and q u a lifica­ tions. seattle pacific u niversity is an evangelical c hristian univer­ sity of the arts, sciences, and professions. spu has a com bined undergraduate enrollm ent of 3,300 students with an additional 4,000 students enrolled in off-cam pus program s each quarter. spu seeks applicants who are com m itted to the spiritual and e du ca­ tional m ission of the university and its lifestyle expectations. w om en and m inorities are encouraged to apply. send resum e and letter listing three or more references to: g ary r. fick, university june 1990 / 595 serials coordinator librarian (reopened search) the george washington university washington, d.c. the george washington university announces that the search for serials coordinator librarian has been reopened. appointment salary: $26,000 minimum. responsibilities: the incumbent is responsible for serials record control within the acquisitions department, including management and supervision of the serials and documents units (5.5 fte staff and 4-6 part-time wage hour employees) and providing service liaison with periodicals unit, reference, cataloging and systems, preservation and binding, and subject specialists. the serials coordinator provides quality control of the automated serials database, currently utilizing faxon sc-10 and contributes to notis planning and implementation scheduled for summer/fall 1990. the incumbent also serves as the gelman library coordinator for the gpo select depository program providing materials processing, acquisitions of new selections, and public services liaison (supervi­ sion 1/2 of fte staff). qualifications required: ala-accredited master’s degree in library science; a minimum of 2 years serials acquisitions or serials bibliographic control experience; proven oral and written communica­ tion skills. qualifications desirable: familiarity with aacr2 and experience with oclc; serials/ acquisitions automated systems; supervisory experience. deadline: for full consideration please respond by june 30,1990. the search will remain open until the position is filled. send current resume and names of three references to: andrea stewart the melvin gelman library the george washington university 2130 h street, nw room 201 washington, dc 20052 the george w ashington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. librarian, w eter memorial library, seattle pacific university, seattle, wa 98119; (206) 281-2228. closing date: august 1‚ 1990. head, reference services. central michigan university is committed to diversity as an educational value and to taking affirmative actions to ensure equal opportunity in all areas of the university. such factors as religion, national origin, race, color, sex, handicap, age, height, weight, marital status, veteran status, citizenship, or sexual orientation are not used as a basis for discrimination or harassment. in accord with this com m itm ent to diversity and nondiscrimination, the central michigan university libraries invites applications from qualified individuals for the following position: head of reference services, responsible for leadership and management of the general reference unit, the services which include bibliographic instruction incorporating a credit course, database searching, and documents/law collec­ tions. the reference services unit consists of eleven librarians and two full-tim e support staff and is committed to innovative services supported by information technologies. it is a 12-month, tenure-track faculty position. required qualifications: ala-accred ited mls; significant professional reference experience,including bibliographic in struction and online and cd-rom database searching; supervisory experience; dem onstrated leadership, human relations, and oral/written com munications skills; and evi­ dence of potential for professional and scholarly accomplishment meriting appointm ent with faculty rank. desired qualifications: additional graduate degree; professional experience in academic or research library; collection development experience; and expe­ rience in online catalog use. salary commensurate with qualifica­ tions, minimum $36,000. excellent fringe benefits. central michi­ gan university is located in mt. pleasant, a city of about 25,000 one hour north of lansing. the university offers programs through the doctoral level to a campus enrollment of 17,000 students. the libraries, with a collection of over 900,000 volumes, are imple­ menting notis and have 82 librarians and support staff. applica­ tions will be accepted until this position is filled. review of candi­ dates’ files will begin immediately. submit letter of application stating this position; resume; and names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of three references to: chairperson, selection committee, central michigan university, park 207, mt. pleasant, ml 48859. head, technical services. rensselaer libraries seek a departm ent head to manage acquisitions, cataloging, and serial activities and contribute to the overall management of the library. the libraries have a state-of-the-art online information system available through the campus network. the head of technical services would establish, implement, and evaluate operational oals; organize and administer the human and fiscal resources of he unit; and participate in library-wide planning and policy form a­ ion. the head supervises four librarians and twelve support staff. requirements: ala/mls; minimum five years professional experi­ nce; demonstrated ability in supervision; experience with manag­ ing technology; strong analytical, problem solving, and leadership kills. salary, mid-$30s, is competitive and negotiable depending upon experience and qualifications. rensselaer polytechnic insti­ ute has an attractive benefits program including advanced educa­ ional opportunities for employees and their families. the capital district of new york state offers many academic, cultural, and recreational opportunities. send vita and names of three refer­ nces by july 15, 1990, to: barbara a. lockett, director of libraries, rensselaer polytechnic institute, troy, ny 12180 590. rensselaer is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. g t t e s t t e 3 5 9 6 / c&rl news in fo r m a tio n deliver y c o o rdina to r. responsible for overseeing and supervising the interlibrary loan operations and developing a program to assist users in locating inform ation re­ sources available at institutions other than umd. enhance and encourage um d’s cooperation with existing state and national interlibrary networks and explore new avenues of opportunity. in conjunction with the library’s application program m er and public service departm ent personnel integrate new technologies in the implem entation of a docum ent delivery system. participates in reference service. required: ala-accredited mls; two years pro­ fessional experience in an academ ic library setting; reference experience in an academ ic or large public library. necessary skills: effective oral and written com m unication; planning and organiza­ tional; successful interpersonal; and the ability to w ork as a team member. salary: $27,500 $30,000. three year contract. aca dem ic/renewable. closing date: july 15, 1990. send resum e and 3 letters of reference to: joanne line, adm inistrator, library, uni­ versity of m innesota, 248 library, 10 university drive, duluth, mn 55812. the university of m innesota is an equal opportunity educa­ tor and em ployer and specifically invites and encourages applica­ tions from women and minorities. m in o r ity internship. the university of missouri-st. louis libraries are pleased to announce an internship for recent library school minority graduates. this one-year internship, to be de­ signed with the successful candidate, will offer experience and training in all aspects of library operations and significant financial support for continuing education. q ualifications: mls from an ala accredited library school and m inority status. the um-st. louis libraries contain over 529,000 volum es, 3,000 periodical subscrip­ tions, 1,003,000 u.s. governm ent docum ents, and 1,500,000 item s in m icroform . a dedicated and energetic staff serves a population of over 12,000 students and 400 full-tim e faculty in an institutional environm ent firm ly com m itted to quality urban educa­ tion. salary: minimum $22,470. subm it letter of application, res­ ume, and nam es of three references to: joan rapp, director of libraries, university of m issouri-st. louis, 8001 natural bridge, st. louis, mo 63121. m o n o g ra phs catalo g er. trinity university, san antonio, texas, invites applications for the position of m onographs c ata­ loged a faculty appointm ent. san antonio, site of the 1988 and 1992 ala m idwinter m eetings, is the nation’s ninth largest city. trinity, with 2,400 undergraduates and 200 graduate students, is strongly com m itted to excellence in support of the liberal arts and science tradition. scholarly achievem ent is recognized through phi beta kappa, other national honor societies, and em phasis on undergraduate research. selective adm issions, highly qualified faculty, and outstanding teaching program s place trinity am ong the excellent liberal arts and sciences universities in the nation. the library’s collection contains some 675,000 volum es of books and bound periodicals (compared with 300,000 in 1980), plus sizable holdings of governm ent docum ents, m icroform s, and non­ print items. primary responsibilities include cataloging all m ono­ graphic titles requiring original cataloging, including m ost foreign language m onographs; cataloging all special m aterials such as theses, special collections, m icroform s, etc.; and responsibility for the overall supervision of the o clc searching unit within c atalog­ ing. o pportunities for collection developm ent and other public service assignm ents may be included. required qualifications include the mls from an ala-accredited library school; knowledge of aacr2, particularly as related to m onographs; know ledge of library of c ongress classification system s and subject headings; reading know ledge of at least one foreign language in germ an, russian, french, spanish, chinese, or japanese; fam iliarity with o clc or the in-house autom ated system s; initiative, creativity, and strong com m unication skills; and the ability to function effectively in a com plex organization. desirable qualifications include expe ri­ ence in m onographic cataloging in an academ ic library, and an additional graduate degree. instructor or assistant professor rank with tenure-track. salary m inimum $23,000, higher depending on experience or other qualifications; tw elve-m onth appointm ent; tiaa/c r ef and other fringe benefits. position available august 15 ,1 9 9 0 , or as soon thereafter as possible. send letter of a pp lica­ tion, detailed resume, placem ent file if available, and nam es of three references to: richard hume w erking, director of libraries, trinity university, 715 stadium drive, san antonio, texas 78212, by june 10 ,1 9 9 0 , for possible interviewing at a la sum m er confer­ ence. trinity university is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. deadline for receipt of applications is july 15, 1990. pr incipal ca ta lo g er /sec tio n head, assistant professor (tenure-leading). cataloging department, starting septem ber 15. 1) responsible for the supervision of the original and revised cataloging section of the cataloging departm ent including tra in ­ ing and revising the w ork of new professional catalogers; 2) be the d epartm ent’s contact and resource person for o clc enhance and upgrade procedures; 3) act as resource person for professional catalogers in interpretation of cataloging rules, o clc cataloging standards, and local cataloging policies and procedures in all m arc form ats, including serials; 4) com m unicate changes in and interpretations of cataloging rules to all professional catalogers; 5) prepare and revise docum entation for the section m anual; 6) act as a resource person fo r cataloging assistants as needed; 7) be a m em ber of the cataloging departm ent m anagem ent team ; 8) as tim e permits, catalog m onographs; and 9) participate in special assignm ents. r equired: m ls from an a l a -accre dited library school; m inim um of four years recent professional cataloging experience; fam iliarity with o clc or sim ilar cataloging utility; dem onstrated oral and written com m unication skills; ability to w ork effectively with professional and paraprofessional staff, good w o rk­ ing know ledge of at least one european language. preferred: dem onstrated successful supervisory and training skills; catalo g­ ing experience with o clc enhance; experience in an academ ic library environm ent; experience with an autom ated library system. $30,000 m inimum for a 12-month contract. salary may be higher depending upon the qualifications of the successful applicant. apply with full resum e plus nam es and current addresses/tele phone num bers of three references by july 16 to: kent hen­ drickson, 106 love library, u niversity of nebraska-lincoln, lincoln, ne 68588-0410. affirm ative action, equal o pportunity employer. prog ram o ffic er for training , association of research libraries o ffice of m anagem ent services. responsible for design and delivery of training services and resources to academ ic/ research libraries essential, know ledge of business/m anagem ent literature and experience with teaching or training helpful. m ust be prepared to travel. exciting opportunity for individual interested in m anagem ent issues in higher education. minimum $30,000. to assure consideration, applications should be subm itted by august 1. early applications are encouraged to perm it prelim inary inter­ view s at ala. send letter of application, resume, three references to: susan jurow, director, a ssociation of research libraries, office of m anagem ent services, 1527 new ham pshire avenue, n.w., w ashington, dc 20036. public se r v ic es pr o jec t librarian. the schaffner li­ brary, serving extension program s on northwestern university’s chicago cam pus, has received a m ajor foundation grant to extend developm ent of an “electronic library laboratory.” we are seeking a dynam ic librarian interested in participating in an extensive user education program for adult students, and active end user search service using both cd-rom and online databases, and a variety of other services which take advantage of new inform ation tech n o lo ­ gies. this project position shares with other professional staff of schaffner library m aterials selection responsibilities, m icrocom ­ puter consulting and reference services, teaching in an active course-related bi program, some technical services and other library services, including som e evening hours. the incum bent will be expected to participate with colleagues in actively prom oting c o n tin u in g in n o v a tio n w ith in s ch a ffn e r, and c o m m u n ic a tin g schaffner activities both within the university and to the higher education com m unity at large. q ualification: mls from an ala accredite d library school; excelle nt com m unication skills and fam iliarity with m icrocom puters and inform ation retrieval te chnol­ ogy. salary: m inimum of $23,500. applications, including a list of three references may be subm itted by july 1 to: rachel d. biegen, personnel m anager, n o rth w estern u n ive rs ity library, 1935 sheridan road, evanston, il 60208-2300. interviews can be ar­ ranged at ala. eeo /aa employer. em ploym ent eligibility verifica­ tion required upon hire. public ser v ic es librarian. st. lawrence university, pri­ vate, non-denom inational liberal arts college located between the adirondack m ountains and the st. lawrence river, has an opening fo r an entry level public services librarian. reporting to the university librarian, the successful candidate will share responsi­ bility for daytim e and evening reference desk service, participate in other reference activities and discussions, assist in providing online and instructional services, and share responsibility for june 1 9 9 0 /597 staff development officer olin library system washington university in st. louis the olin library system of washington university in st. louis is seeking a talented and creative individual to serve as staff development officer. the olin library system is engaged in a multi-year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. we are in the process of establishing a comprehensive, multi-year staff development program for the system which consists of a large central library and eight satellite subject libraries. the staff development officer is responsible for developing and coordinating the library’s staff development program, assessing needs and implementing library-wide activities to address these needs; planning, designing, and conducting in-house training programs; conducting job analyses; and evaluating program effectiveness on an ongoing basis. qualifications: mls degree from ala-accredited library school. academic background in personnel administration, adult education, human resources, management, psychology or counseling preferred. experience in personnel or related field in an academic setting. demonstrated skill in training and personnel management. understanding of the role of the research library in higher education. expertise in library operations. strong interpersonal skills. sensitivity and responsiveness to staff needs. excellent oral and written communication skills. minimum salary $23,500. for full consideration applicants should send a resume and the names of three references to: personnel office washington university campus box 1184 one brookings drive st. louis, mo 63130-4899 position will remain open until filled; initial review of applications will begin july 15,1990. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. w ashington university is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. general collection development. st. lawrence has recently intro­ duced innopac and innovacq and is continuing to implement cd-rom technology. tw elve month contract; liberal benefits; faculty status with one m onth’s vacation. required: ala-accred­ ited mls; strong com m itm ent to service; effective com m unication and inter-personal skills; solid course work or experience in refer­ ence services on online searching. preferred: additional advanced degree; academ ic library experience; course work or experience in computer technology as applied to library services. starting date: on or before septem ber 1 ‚ 1990. salary range: $ 2 1 ,000-$23,000. the position will remain open until filled. the search com m ittee will begin to review candidate applications on june 15, 1990. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of recom mendation to: art lichtenstein, chair, search committee, owen d. young library, st. law rence university, canton, ny 13617. st. law­ rence university is com mitted to fostering m ulticultural diversity in its faculty, staff, student body and programs of instruction, as an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer, we specifically encourage applications from women and minorities. public service librarian(s). eastern new m exico univer­ sity in sunny, friendly, affordable portales, new mexico, seeks academic librarians to fill m ultiple vacancies. m ls-ala required. desire those with interest in reference, interlibrary loan, biblio­ graphic instruction, and online services. academ ic experience desirable. salary: $22,000+ (12-month contract); generous bene­ fits including 22 da ys’ annual leave. application postmarked by 10 june 1990. send letter of application, resume, transcripts, and have 3 letters of professional recom mendation sent to: library search committee, eastern new mexico university station 21 ‚ portales, nm 88130. aa/eoe reference librarian, cornell university library. offer refer­ ence service: prepare bibliographies, assist with current aw are­ ness services, advise on collection needs, and instruct users in legal research m ethodology (including lexis and w estlaw ) in both form al and informal settings. participate in the 1st year legal bibliography course. regular evening and periodic weekend refer­ ence assignm ents. qualifications: required: mls or equivalent grad degree; ability to com m unicate effectively and work well with faculty, students, and staff; flexibility; good problem solving skills; knowledge of legal bibliography or ability to learn quickly. pre­ ferred: experience in a public service position, preferably in an academ ic law library (jd may substitute for experience if other requisite characteristics are present); experience in teaching legal bibliography. foreign language skills desirable. entry level salary $22,200+, depending on qualifications. applications due july 1 but accepted until position filled. send cover letter, names, addresses, and phone numbers for three references, and resume to: ann d yckm an, d ire ctor of p ersonnel, 201 o lin library, c o rn ell university, ithaca, ny, 14853-5301. cornell is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference and instruction librarian for m ulticul­ tural services. responsibilities: the university at albany seeks a reference librarian with a special interest in outreach to 5 9 8 / c&rl news m ulticultural and non-traditional students. provides reference services, bibliographic instruction, cd-rom assistance for a m ul­ ticultural com m unity. research and publication are expected, fa cu lty tenure-track. q ualification s: required: a l a -accre dited mls; strong oral and written com m unications skills; strong com ­ mitment to public service; background or experience in a m ulticul­ tural environm ent. desired: experience in reference and/or biblio­ graphic instruction; fam iliarity with m icrocom puters. salary: c om ­ m ensurate with education and experience. $23,500-$27,000. apply to: christine m. travis, library personnel officer, university libraries u l 139, university at albany, state university of new york, 1400 w ashington avenue, albany, ny 12222. deadline: review of letters of application and resum es will begin july 6, 1990. please include a list of three persons with addresses whom we can contact for references. the university at albany, state university of new york is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action em ployer. applications from wom en, m inority persons, handi­ capped persons, special disabled and vietnam era veterans are especially welcome. reference and instruc tio n al servic es librarian. full-time perm anent, tenure track instructor/assistant professor to provide reference services, instructional services and conduct o n lin e s e a rc h in g ; to s e rv e as lib ra ry lia is o n fo r a s s ig n e d discipline(s). ala m aster’s required. preference will be also be given to candidates with a subject m aster’s and who dem onstrate prior reference, database searching and/or instructional expe ri­ ences. preference will also be given to candidates with a business, science or technology subject background. salary range $25,230 to $35,502 fo r 168 days a year. additional duty days may be available at the end of the current year and in future years. applications from m inorities are encouraged. applications m ust be postm arked by june 25, 1990. begin date will be approxim ately septem ber 11, 1990. interviews may occur at ala/chicago june 23-28, 1990. apply to: thom as m. peischl, dean of the library, m ankato state u n ive rs ity, msu box 19 p.o. box 8400, mankato, mn 56002-8400. reference and public servic es librarian at moravian college for anticipated august vacancy. w orks with team of two other librarians to provide reference services and bibliographic instruction and supervises tw o support staff and 30 student assis­ tants. w orks with the system adm inistrator in the ongoing opera­ tion of a fully im plem ented dynix integrated online system. reeves library, with a total staff of 5 librarians and 6 support staff, provides service to a selective, prim arily residential undergraduate student body of 1,200 and a graduate theological sem inary of 85 students. librarians and staff w ork in a flexible, collegial setting in which interpersonal skills and a strong desire to serve students and faculty are required. located in the beautiful lehigh valley of pennsylvania, m oravian college is the sixth oldest college in the country and is engaged in a variety of cooperative program s with five other neighboring private institutions. background in com puter hardware and software desirable. position requires a la-accred­ ited mls. minimum salary will be $21,000 coupled with an excel­ lent benefits package which includes 23 days annual leave, 10 holidays, fully funded tiaa/c r ef and a variety of dependent tuition w aiver plans. send letter of interest and resum e to: john thom as minor, reeves library, moravian college, 1210 main street, bethlehem, pa 18018. equal o pportunity employer. systems librarian (search reopened) olin library system washington university in st. louis the olin library system of washington university in st. louis is seeking a talented and dynamic individual to serve as systems librarian. the olin library system is engaged in a multi-year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. the olin library system consists of a large central library and eight satellite subject libraries. the systems librarian participates in the ongoing development of an automated library informa­ tion system and helps to maintain the efficient operation of existing automated processes. desirable qualifications are: working experience in a library processing environment; program­ ming experience and/or coursework in assembler language and/or a block-structured higher level language such as pl/i, pascal, or “c”, preferably on a main-frame machine; knowledge of interactive transaction processing and batch text-processing applications. required: an mls from an accredited library school or a graduate degree in a discipline related to information science. minimum salary $22,176. for full consideration applicants should send a resume and three letters of reference to: virginia f. toliver director of administration and planning washington university campus box 1061 one brookings drive st. louis, mo 63130-4899 position will remain open until filled; initial review of applications will begin july 15, 1990. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. june 1990 / 599 r e f e r e n c e /b ib l io g r a p h ic in s t r u c tio n lib r a r ia n . the university of evansville libraries seeks a librarian possessing excellent written and oral com m unication skills, the interpersonal skills necessary to w ork collegially and cooperatively with peers, and a com m itm ent to excellent service and professional develop­ ment. ue libraries houses over 215,000 bound volum es and over 243,000 m icroform s. fully-autom ated and integrated online cata­ log on the no tis system . responsibilities: participate in all reference departm ent activities, assist in perform ing online litera­ ture searches, and coordinates an existing, successful, course integrated library instruction program. reports to the head of reference. some evening and weekend work is required. q ualifi­ cations: an mls from an ala-accredited library school. a second subject m aster’s in the sciences or social sciences is desirable. prefer experience in academ ic library reference service. basic experience in online literature searching and some knowledge of cd-rom com puter databases required. teaching experience preferred. salary: $19,500 minimum, depending upon experience and qualifications. a tenure-track, faculty rank position requiring demonstrated proficiency in librarianship, scholarly activity, and community or university service. 22 vacation days, plus holidays. a 12-month contract. tiaa/cref. the university of evansville is an independent, church-related, selective adm issions university located in a city of 135,000 in southwestern indiana. enrollm ent numbers about 3,000 full and part-tim e students. the university includes a m ajor cam pus in england called harlaxton college. we encourage applications from women and minorities. send applica­ tion, resume, names, addresses, and phone numbers of three professional references to: r. n. sharma, director of university libraries, u n iv e rs ity of e v a n s v ille , 1800 l incoln a venue, evansville, in 47722. prelim inary interviews will be conducted at the ala conference in chicago. application deadline is june 30, 1990. p o sitio n is a v a ila b le im m e d ia te ly . t he u n iv e rs ity of evansville is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian (anticipated opening). o pportunity to join an excellent team of 13 professional librarians in providing service to a large, m ulti-cam pus urban com m unity college. duties: to offer general reference service and library-use instruction after­ noons and evenings. perform collection developm ent in selected areas. serve on library com m ittees to coordinate efforts with other acc librarians. m aintain and develop periodicals collection. per­ form online searching as needed. maintain faculty liaison in se­ lected academ ic areas. candidate should possess a strong public service com m itm ent. ala-accredited mls. entry-level candidates who are m otivated to w ork in a com m unity college are encouraged to apply. prefer: 2 years pre-professional experience in a academ ic setting. supervisory aptitude. applicants should be flexible, curi­ ous, energetic, and know ledgeable with excellent com m unication skills. m inorities are encouraged to apply. faculty status. nine month contract with 3-m onth sum m er option. salary: $23,015 (fy90) (9 months) minimum. respond with letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: person­ nel department, austin com m unity college, p.o. box 140526, austin, tx 78714-0526. closing date: june 29, 1990. acc is an equal opportunity, affirm ative action employer. reference librarian, so cial science specialty. the z. smith reynolds library at w ake forest university seeks a highly m otivated librarian to perform a full range of reference services in a general reference departm ent including online and end-user database searching, bibliographic instruction, collection development, and creation of specialized social sciences refer­ ence aids. evening and weekend work required. minimum qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited mls. good interpersonal skills and a committment to service. appropriate undergraduate coursework. desired: relevant library work experience including online search­ ing. advanced degree in economics, social science, or statistics. entry level appointm ent possible. the successful candidate will be able to participate in the autom ation of the reynolds library and the expansion and relocation of the reference departm ent to a building addition underway. w ake forest university, located in the thriving piedm ont triad of north carolina, has a collection of over one million volum es for a student population of 4,500, and is a liberal arts university with doctoral program s and strong profes­ sional schools. salary range: from low 20s com m ensurate with qualifications and experience. position available july 1, 1990. applications received by june 20 will receive first consideration. send letter of application and resume to: director, z. smith rey­ nolds library, w ake forest u n iversity, w inston-s alem , nc 27109-7777. aa-eoe. science ca talo g er (new position). the university of califor­ nia, irvine, one of the fastest growing cam pus in the uc system, has an opening in the catalog department. reporting to the catalog departm ent head, responsible for cataloging m aterials in books form at for the science collections, including the medical sciences, supervising the sciences section, and advising catalog­ e d of m aterials in other form ats on classification and subject headings as necessary. requirem ents include: an ala-accredited mls degree; reading knowledge of a foreign language, preferably germ an; knowledge of lc and nlm classification system s and subject headings, aacr2 and m arc form at; 3+ years recent experience as a cataloger of science m aterials in an academic, m edical or research library; proven supervisory skills; fam iliarity with an autom ated library system, such as oclc; excellent com ­ m unication skills and the ability to w ork successfully with all elem ents of a diverse academ ic com munity. a science degree and local autom ation system and m icrocom puter application experi­ ence are highly desirable. appointm ent will be at the assistant to associate librarian, step v, rank with a salary range of $31,668 $41,976, com m ensurate with qualifications and experience. we offer a generous benefits package, equal to approxim ately 40% of the salary, and an excellent retirem ent system. applications re­ ceived by july 1 ‚ 1990, will receive first consideration, but applica­ tions will be accepted until the position is filled. to apply: send application letter with 1) a com plete statem ent of qualifications; 2) resum e of education and relevant experience; and 3) the names, addresses, and telephone num bers of 3 references. address letters to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; (714) 856 7115; fax (714) 725-2472. uci is an affirm ative action, equal opportunity em ployer actively seeking minority applicants. tec h n ic a l servic es librarian, w illiams college library. under the general supervision of the head of technical services to participate in the acquisitions and cataloging operations of the c ollege library. perform s original cataloging of monographs, m usic scores, and non-book materials. does authority work, both subject and name. o versees retrospective conversion and reclas­ sification projects. performs online catalog maintenance. does com plex bibliographic searching for acquisitions. participates in form ulating technical services policies and procedures. trains and supervises technical assistants and student workers. performs other professional assignm ents as required. qualifications: mls degree from an accredited ala library school. knowledge of oclc, lc classification, subject headings, and online catalog. a b ility to w o rk w ith fore ign language m aterials. salary from $23,500 depending upon experience. send resume and names of three references by june 30, 1990, to: jam es cubit, assistant college librarian, w illiam s college, w illiamstown, ma 01267. an eo/aa employer. user education co o rdinato r, university of georgia li­ braries. duties and responsibilities: through creativity and flexibil­ ity, the user education coordinator provides dynam ic leadership for all staff participating in user education activities. the c oordina­ tor is responsible for coordinating the main library’s user educa­ tion program and for direct supervision of the bibliographic instruc­ tion and orientation activities conducted by the reference depart­ ment at the main library. the coordinator serves as liaison to the other library units who engage in instructional activities. the user education program provides instruction for the following categories of users: freshmen, other undergraduates, graduate and profes­ sional students, faculty, teaching assistants, university staff, li­ brary staff, and outside groups. the types of instruction offered include, but are not limited to tours, introductory sessions on basic library skills, specialized subject lectures, faculty and teaching assistan t sem inars, presentations on special services and/or sources, workshops, and self-guided instructional aids. instruc­ tional staff includes members of the reference departm ent and other library units. the coordinator also serves as a general reference librarian with responsibility for assisting students, fac­ ulty, staff and others in making effective use of library resources. to achieve this goal, reference librarians provide general refer­ ence, instructional, and referral services in the social sciences and humanities, conduct library instruction through general tours and specialized presentations, prepare bibliographies and guides, perform com puterized database searches, and provide consulta­ 6 0 0 / c&rl news tive support for patrons using end-user com puter system s (i.e. opac and cd-rom products, etc.). the coordinator dem on­ strates com m itm ent to and participates in the innovative applica­ tion of technology in reference work. in addition, each reference librarian participates in developing the reference collection through selection and weeding. the reference departm ent is com posed of eleven librarians and four support staff. the coordinator reports to the head of the reference departm ent. q ualifications: ala-ac credited mls; broad user education experience; creativity and flexibility in planning and im plem enting user education program s; two years of professional reference experience, preferably in an academ ic or research library; knowledge of reference sources; knowledge of instructional technology and technology-based ref­ erence system s; experience in online database searching; com ­ m itment to inform ation literacy; demonstrated outstanding oral and written com m unication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships with staff, patrons, and the univer­ sity com m unity; w orking knowledge of at least one foreign lan­ guage desired. salary m inim um : $25,000. standard benefits package includes life, health, and disability insurance and m anda­ tory participation in the state retirem ent system, 21 days of annual leave, and 12 paid holidays. application procedure: send letter of application and resum e addressing all of the qualifications along with the nam es of three references postm arked no later than july 16, 1990, to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of g eorgia libraries, the university of georgia, athens, ga 30602. late job listings archives. sul ross state university is seeking an experienced professional to serve as the director o f the archives of the big bend. the archives contain 9,000 volumes of printed books most relating to texas and the southwest, 2071 linear feet of manuscripts relating to the settlement and development o f the big bend area, and the university’s archives. responsible for evaluation, planning and develop­ ment of policies and procedures for the archives of the big bend in the context of academic and administrative needs of sul ross state university. duties include acquisition, technical processing, the provision of manuscripts, regional history and university archives, and other materials of the department of special collec­ tions located in the bryan wildenthal memorial library. supervise one full-time paraprofessional and two part-time assistants. participate in planning information services for the learning resources division and in collection development, biblio­ graphic instruction, and the delivery of library information services. report to the director of the learning resources division of srsu. requirements: ala-accred ited mls. formal training in archival records management or two years experience in successful processing and cataloging of manuscript, archival or rare book collec­ tions. preferred: ba or ma in american history. experience with marc amc, automated library procedures and services, current trends in bibliographic instruc­ tion, reference services, and collection development. interest in u.s. and mexican history, particularly the history of texas and the southwest. salary commensurate with successful candidate’s experience and education, $22,452 minimum. compre­ hensive benefits package. send letter of application, resume, and the names o f at least three references to: director of personnel, sul ross state university, box c-13, alpine, tx 79832. (915) 837-8058. review of applications will begin on july 15, 1990 and continue until the position is filled. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. archivist, head of special collections. the archivist, head of special collections is responsible for the management and operation of a full service special collections department this individual manages, provides leadership, and, with other staff, carries out the department’s planning, personnel and budget activities; collection development; bibliographic control, automation; security; preservation; reference and public services, exhibitions, publications, public rela­ tions, and grant preparation. position reports to the associate director of the library. qualifications: required: graduate library degree from an ala-accredited program. broad academic background; progressively responsible experience work­ ing in special collections;. skills in organizational leadership, supervision, interper­ sonal relations and budgeting; thorough knowledge of bibliographic description and control as applied to archival materials; demonstrated skills in oral and written communication and understanding of the aims of scholarship and the needs of scholars; familiarity with the principles and methods of conserving and preserving library materials. preferred: second graduate degree in a subject area; experience in library automation in special collections; experience with the organization and june 1990 / 601 care o f historical photographs, evidence of scholarly research and publication; reading knowledge of french. salary: $25,000 per fiscal year minimum, dependent on experience and qualifications. twelve month administrative position. deadline: july 1, 1990 or until position is filled. preliminary interviews will be conducted at ala send letter of application, resume and the names and telephone numbers of three references to: dr. sharon goad, library director, eilender memorial library, nicholls state university, p.o. box 2028, thibodaux, louisiana 70301. nicholls state university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women and ethnic minorities are encouraged to apply. assistant university librarian for humanities and social sciences. the university of california, irvine, is seeking qualified candidates for a senior administrative position. reports to the university librarian and is responsible for public services in the division of library that serves the schools of humanities, social sciences, fine arts, graduate school of management and program of social ecology; planning, organizing and managing the division’s work and coordinating the division’s activities with other library units. the division encompasses the public service departments housed in the main library— 1) circulation, 2) government publications and microforms, 3) reference, and 4) special collections. specific duties include: developing and coordinating public services in the main library; working cooperatively to establish policies that affect other divisions such as collections and technical services; planning and budgeting allocated resources; alternating with the aul for the sciences; serves as public service representative at university-wide meetings. requirements include: an ala-accredited mls degree; extensive academic library experience, demonstrated administrative skills and knowledge in planning, organizing and setting priorities; commitment to a consultative/participative managerial style with demonstrated ability to work effectively with people at all levels; successful management experi­ ence with special attention to personnel concerns, preferably including those in a collective bargaining environment; ability to provide creative leadership in dy­ namic and rapidly changing circumstances; commitment to active programs in bibliographic instruction and to the overall goal of public services; excellent oral and written communication skills; and the ability to work effectively, independently and cooperatively with all elements of a culturally diverse academic community; basic computer literacy; evidence of university service, research and/or participa­ tion in professional associations. advanced academic training beyond the baccalau­ reate level is highly desirable. appointment will be at assistant university librarian rank with a salary rank with a salary range of $46,200-$73,400 to be commensurate with qualifications and experience; generous benefits package, equal to approximately 40% of the salary; excellent retirement system. applica­ tions received by july 15,1990, will receive first consideration, but applications will continue to be accepted until the position is filled. to apply: send application letter with 1) a complete statement of qualifications; 2) resume of education and relevant experience; and 3) names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references. letters should be addressed to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, univer­ sity of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; (714) 856-7115; fax, (714) 725-2472. uci is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer actively seeking minority applicants. audiovisual cataloged (new position). the library at the university of california, irvine, is seeking an audiovisual cataloger to join our catalog depart­ ment. responsibilities: catalog audiovisual monographic materials for the main library and its branches, supervise the audiovisual section, and coordinate work with other library units handling audiovisual media. to qualify, you must have an ala-accredited mls degree; ability to read at least one western european lan­ guage; knowledge of lc classification system and subject headings and aacr2 and 602 / c&rl news marc formats; 2 years recent experience as a cataloger in an academic or research library; proven supervisory skills; familiarity with an automated library system, such as oclc; excellent communications skills and the ability to work effectively with a diverse academic community in a changing work environment. knowledge of nlm classification and subject headings and one year o f experience cataloging audiovisual materials in an academic library is highly desirable. salary range, $30,144-$39,276, commensurate with qualifications and experience. appointment will be at the assistant to associate librarian step v rank. we offer a generous benefits package, equal to approximately 40% of the salary, and an excellent retirement system. applications received by july 1, 1990, will receive first consid­ eration, but applications will be accepted until the position is filled. to apply: send application letter with 1) a complete statement of qualifications; 2) resume of education and relevant experience; and 3) the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references. address letters to: anne rimmer, library personnel office, university of california, irvine, p.o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; (714) 856-7115; fax, (714) 725-2472. uci is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer actively seeking minority applicants. bibliographic instruction and reference librarian, uni­ versity of cincinnati. required qualifications: mls from ala-accredited program; two years of professional experience in an academic library; a minimum o f two years experience in library instruction and use programs; ability to communicate clearly, both orally and in writing. preferred qualifications: collection development experience; reading knowledge of one modern european language; experience in using micro-computers. $25,000-$29,000. send the following information: a cover letter with complete statement of qualifications for this position; a resume of education and experience; and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references. send to: mark weber, assistant university librarian for person­ nel, 640 langsam library, university of cincinnati, cincinnati, oh 45221 0033. deadline: 8/10/90. aa/eeo. bibliographic instructor for science/technology. as a member o f the bibliographic instruction department, is responsible for instruc­ tion (undergraduate and graduate) and collection development in the sciences and technology. general reference assistance and database searching are part o f the position. in the past academic year over 10,000 students were taught by the department. the bibliographic instruction department plays an active role in curriculum development across campus. william s. carlson library is the central research facility of the university o f toledo, a state university o f 24,000 students offering associate, bachelor, professional, and doctoral degrees in eight colleges. the attractive main campus is located in one o f toledo’s finest residential sections and is an integral part o f the civic, cultural and commercial life of the city. toledo is undergoing a revitalization o f its downtown and waterfront area to complement its noted museum of art, symphony, zoo, and metropolitan park system. its location provides outstanding recreational opportunities on lake erie and easy access to ann arbor, detroit, columbus, and other cities throughout the midwest. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, undergraduate degree in science or engineer­ ing preferred. advanced coursework in science or engineering preferred; library experience, and teaching experience desirable. salary $25,000-$30,000 depending upon experience and qualifications. this is a faculty status, 12-month, tenure track position with liberal fringe benefits. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. position available july 1,1990. send letter o f application, resume, and the names o f at least three references to: gloria freimer, chair, search committee, carlson library, the university of toledo, toledo, oh 43606. the university of toledo is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. june 1990 / 603 east asian cataloger. under direction of head of cataloging, responsible for original cataloging of monographs in chinese, japanese, and korean using anglo-american cataloging rules, 2nd edition revised, and library of congress classification and subject headings; oversees library’s oclc/cjk operations and inclusion of east asian materials in local online catalog; responsible for training and supervision of support staff (1 fte) and student assistants. required: mls from ala-accredited library school; working knowledge of chinese and japanese with specialization in one; ability to communicate effectively orally and in writing in english; practical and theoretical knowledge of anglo-american cataloging rules, 2nd edition revised, library of congress subject headings and classification, current developments in cataloging; ability to deal with materials on a variety of subjects, solve problems, work with great attention to detail; ability to work well independently and with wide variety of people, and to meet responsibilities of tenure-track position. preferred: working knowledge of korean; experience with oclc/cjk subsystem or other bibliographic utility; academic concentration on east asian studies; previous supervisory experience. salary dependent upon qualifications and experience. minimum: assistant librarian, $24,500; associate librarian, $29,768; librarian, $36,383. conditions and benefits: librarians hold tenure track appointments within a system of ranks analogous to and modeled on those of the teaching faculty. they participate in a system of faculty governance which includes the bloomington library faculty council and university library faculty council. within the university they are eligible for election to campus and university faculty councils and serve on university committees and task forces. they are eligible for sabbatical and other research leaves. benefits include blue cross/blue shield, major medical insurance, tiaa/cref retirement/annuity plan, group life insurance and liberal vacation and sick leave. to apply send letter of application stating qualifications and background relevant to this specific position with resume, and names and addresses four references to the search and screen committee in care of marilyn shaver, personnel officer, indiana university libraries, main library c-201, bloomington, in 47405; (812) 855-8196. available date: august 1, 1990. closing date for applications: no earlier than july 9, 1990. eeo/aae. head, documents, microforms, and media department. re­ porting to the assistant director for public services, the head, documents, microforms and media is a major administrative position in a service-directed environment. responsibility for organization, staffing, budgeting and operation of three units: microforms center, media center, and documents processing unit, each headed by a paraprofessional staff member. the microforms center supports a closed-stack collection of 2.2 million microforms, including journal and newspaper backfiles, government publications, eric documents, company reports, technical reports, and research collections. the media center provides service through individual, custom-built carrels and group listening rooms for a closed-stack collection of 12,000 non-print items focusing on course-related materials. the microforms and media centers operate in attractive facilities, custom designed for their formats. the documents processing unit is responsible for technical process­ ing and maintenance of state, federal, and international publications. the library is a selective (75%) federal depository, a full depository for state of iowa publica­ tions, and collects international and other state documents. the department is composed of nine support staff and 10 fte student assistants. as a department head, this individual will participate in the administration of the public services division and will serve on the dean’s council. required: ala-accredited mls; minimum of three years relevant professional experience in an academic library; public service experience in at least one of the following areas: government publications, microforms, media; effective public service management skills; demonstrated ability to supervise and direct the work of staff including conceptu­ alization, planning and implementation skills; effective communication and inter­ 6 0 4 / c&rl news personal skills with staff and the public; understanding of and commitment to library automation; ability to view issues from a broad library-wide perspective; understanding and commitment to equal opportunity and affirmative action; ability to meet promotion and tenure standards. preferred: experience in more than one o f the three functional areas; experience in reference services; experience with equipment procurement. salary and benefits: $33,000 minimum. competi­ tive benefits. iowa state offers a positive environment for career growth and challenge. situated on a beautiful campus, the recently remodeled and expanded library actively serves a campus o f over 25,000 students and supports nationally recognized collections in excess of 1.7 million volumes, 2 million microforms and 21,000 current serial subscriptions. a fully integrated library system (notis) is in the first phases of installation. the library is a member of arl, crl, bcr, and oclc. ames is a community of 50,000 located 35 miles from des moines, the state capital. the city supports quality schools and outstanding cultural attractions and was recently recognized as one of the top ten areas of its size in the country. application: review of applications will begin july 6,1990, and will continue until an adequate pool is developed. submit letter, resume and the names, addresses and telephone numbers o f three references to: william k. black, assistant director for administrative services and personnel, 302 parks library, iowa state university, ames, ia 50011-2140. iowa state university has a strong commit­ ment to equal opportunity and affirmative action, members of protected classes are especially encouraged to apply. iowa state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. head of public services, regis college, denver. administers a proactive, expanding department. develops policies, procedures, and evaluation instru­ ments. participates in reference and bi rotations serves as bibliographer in several subject areas. qualifications: minimum of three years in an academic library. experience in creating and implementing new public service programs. skill in and love of teaching both undergraduates and working adults. mls required. a second masters or doctorate desirable. candidates must show evidence of scholarly/professional contributions through publications and/or professional society leadership and have reputations for imaginative thinking and planning. solid supervisory and communication skills essential. regis college is a jesuit liberal arts college committed to value-centered education. the libraries serve over 6,500 students on seven campuses and teaching sites. the libraries are automated (carl systems) and linked to the major academic libraries o f colorado. planning for the renovation of the main library is well advanced. salary range: $28,000 $38,000. excellent benefits. submit letter of app. current res. and 3 references (inch phone) to: mary rogers, dayton memorial library, regis college, w. 50th & lowell blvd., denver, co 80221. available july 1. head of reference services (search reopened). manages the human and material resources essential to the provision of traditional and technological reference and research services in the social sciences, humanities, fine arts, business and education, serving a leadership roll and fostering a collegial, syner­ gistic environment conducive to the successful development o f personnel and programs. salary: $38,000 and up, dependent on qualifications and experience. required: ala-mls; effective communication and interpersonal skills; profes­ sional library experience, including reference service and collection development; academic or research library experience; administrative experience, including the supervision of librarians; demonstrated aptitude for planning, budgeting, and managing human and material resources; knowledge o f and experience with current library technology; strong leadership potential; record o f professional achievement sufficient to meet asu criteria for appointment as associate librar­ ian or librarian. preferred: substantial professional experience (five years or june 1990 / 605 more) in a large academic or research library; strong background in the social sciences and/or humanities. deadline: july 15, 1990. send letter, resume and names, addresses and phone numbers of four references to: constance corey, associate dean, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287 1006. aa, eeo employer. head of technical services and systems. northern michigan university is a state university of 8,000 students and 900 employees serving michigan’s upper peninsula and located on the shore of lake superior. olson library contains over 450,000 volumes, subscribes to over 2,900 serials, and houses both a-v and depository documents collections. the head of technical services and systems will administer the technical services of olson library, which includes responsibility for planning and supervision of the activities and staff of cataloging and acquisitions, and for coordination of automated library systems. qualifica­ tions: master’s degree from an ala-accredited library school; ability to coordinate and administer acquisitions and cataloging; 3 to 5 years academic library experi­ ence with significant experience in one major area of technical services; demon­ strated skills in planning; experience with automated library systems, preferably notis, and a major bibliographic utility; work effectively with faculty, students, colleagues; effective oral and written communication skills; a second master’s degree in a subject area desirable. salary: $28,674 to $35,000. faculty status, tenure track. submit nominations or letter of application with resume, three letters of recommendation, and copies of credentials and transcripts to: director’s office, olson library, northern michigan university, marquette, mi 49855-5376. applications review will begin after: july 15, 1990. starting date: september 1, 1990. an aa/eo employer. monographic science cataloger. original cataloging in the sciences and technology, and oclc-member copy cataloging in all disciplines of mono­ graphic materials using aacr2 and other national standards. additional respon­ sibilities as assigned. participate in the development of departmental policies and procedures. required: ala-accredited mls; cataloging experience in an academic or research institution which has included use of lc classification system and subject headings; application of aacr2 and marc tagging via a bibliographic utility; reading knowledge of a modern european language; ability to catalog science and technology materials; ability to work in a changing environment; ability to meet promotion and tenure requirements. preferred: oclc experience in cataloging; science or technology background; reading knowledge of russian or spanish. salary and benefits: $24,000 minimum. competitive benefits. iowa state offers a positive environment for career growth and challenge. situated on a beautiful campus, the recently remodeled and expanded library actively serves a campus of over 25,000 students and supports nationally recognized collections in excess of 1.7 million volumes, 2 million microforms and 21,000 current serial subscriptions. a fully integrated library system (notis) is in the first phases of installation. the library is a member of arl, crl, bcr, and oclc. ames is a community of 50,000 located 35 miles from des moines, the state capital. the city supports quality schools and outstanding cultural attractions and was recently recognized as one of the top ten areas of its size in the country. application: review of applications will begin july 16, 1990, and will continue until an adequate pool is developed. submit letter, resume and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references to: william k. black, assistant director for administrative services and personnel, 302 parks library, iowa state university, ames, ia 50011-2140. iowa state university has a strong commitment to equal opportunity and affirmative action, members of protected classes are especially encouraged to apply. iowa state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action em­ ployer. 6 0 6 / c&rl news personal information management specialist for clini­ cal scientists. the william h. welch medical library, the johns hopkins university, is offering a challenging position as a personal information manage­ ment specialist for clinical scientists. primary responsibilities include consulting with individuals and departments to assess information needs, recommend appro­ priate solutions, and evaluate impact; and coordinating instruction for faculty, researchers, and staff in the clinical sciences. the position plays an active role in an exciting and changing information environment. the librarian is a member of the education program under the supervision of the manager o f library instruction. the welch library is in the forefront of the application o f electronic technologies to the management and delivery of health care information and biomedical research information. the library is highly automated, using networks and heterogeneous computing systems to support an online catalog, bibliographic databases, and electronic service delivery. the position requires a master’s degree in library science, and experience with library instruction, online bibliographic databases, automated library systems, and ibm and macintosh microcomputers. excellent oral and written communications skills are essential. two years experience in a health science library and an understanding of the information needs of researchers and clinicians is desirable. the library offers a competitive salary and outstanding benefits package. qualified applicants should submit an application letter, curricu­ lum vitae and names of three references to: paulette hynson, employment man­ ager, the johns hopkins university, school of medicine employment office, 1830 e. monument st., room 2-106, baltimore, md 21205. eoe m/f/h. processing services department head, sterling memorial library, yale university. minimum rank: librarian iii. search reopened. responsibilities: provides leadership and direction to the team leaders; advocates and facilitates the self-management process; ensures inter-team and inter-departmental coordina­ tion and cooperation; promotes team development and individual staff develop­ ment; defines and articulates departmental goals and objectives and works with the team leaders to assure that team objectives promote the achievement of depart­ mental objectives; assures that teams have the necessary resources to meet their objectives. represents the needs and contributions of the department to the library system. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school. knowledge of large research library technical services operations and issues. at least five years of progressively responsible professional experience in libraries, preferably aca­ demic or research libraries. demonstrated leadership ability and managerial skills. strong commitment to the principles of self-management and staff develop­ ment. excellent interpersonal skills, including both written and oral communica­ tion skills. analytical and problem-solving skills. ability to work effectively in a changing environment and with a diverse staff. strong service orientation. applica­ tion deadline: july 2,1990; applications will be accepted until the position is filled. salary and rank dependent upon qualifications and experience; from a minimum of $32,750. please send letter of application, resume, and the names of three refer­ ences to: diane y. turner, acting head, library personnel services, yale univer­ sity library, p.o. box 1603a yale station, new haven, ct 06520. eeo/aa. public services/manuscripts librarian (reopened search). the george washington university announces that the search for public services/ manuscripts librarian in the special collections department has been reopened. appointment salary minimum: $24,000. position description: opportunity to promote access to collections documenting the local history of the nation’s capital. develop strategies for building collections and providing access using automated technologies. responsibilities: coordinate department public services operation; promote collection use. plan and supervise the processing of corporate and personal papers. assess and manage growing collections of manuscripts and records; estab­ june 1990 / 607 lish bibliographic control o f collections in an online environment. maintain and develop local history research resource database, collections: dc. qualifications required: mls from an ala-accredited program. archival administration course work; preor post-mls archival experience, including assessment and processing of corporate or personal papers. knowledge of archival principals and established practices. experience with microcomputer applications for manuscripts processing and with producing collection finding aids. excellent written and oral communica­ tion skills. deadline for application: for full consideration, please respond by june 30, 1990. the search will remain open until the position is filled. please send current resume and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: andrea stewart, executive associate, the melvin gelman library, the george washington university, 2130 h street, n.w., room 201, washington, dc 20052. the george washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian. lawrence university invites applications for the position of reference librarian. located in appleton, wisconsin, lawrence is a liberal arts college committed to excellence in undergraduate education. the library staff includes five professional librarians, two of whom serve in reference. candidates should bring an appreciation for and commitment to undergraduate liberal arts education. the mls is required. some familiarity with library automation is necessary. a liberal arts undergraduate degree and an additional graduate degree are desirable. we are especially interested in applications from those with solid experience in reference work, and with the ability to provide leadership in bibliographic instruction. position open as early as july 1, and no later than september 1. salary from $24,000, depending on qualifications. send a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: dennis ribbens, library director, lawrence university, p.o. box 599, appleton, wi 54912. minorities are urged to apply. lawrence university promotes equal employment opportunity for all. reference librarian and bibliographer for english lit­ erature and language. university of cincinnati. required qualifications: mls from ala-accredited program; m.a. in english or relevant combination of education and experience; ability to communicate clearly, both orally and in writing. preferred qualifications: professional experience in an academic library, preferably in reference or collection development and management; reading knowl­ edge of one modern european language; collection development experience. $24,000 $28,000. send the following information: a cover letter with complete statement of qualifications for this position; a resume of education and experience; and the names, addresses and telephone numbers of three references. send to: mark weber, assistant university librarian for personnel, 640 langsam library, university of cincinnati, cincinnati, oh 45221-0033. deadline: 8/10/90. aa/eeo. social sciences reference librarian, bibliographer. re­ sponsible for the library’s collection development in political science, hotel and restaurant management, and related social sciences disciplines. provides service at information desk, including some weekend and evening hours. participates in an active program of library instruction an computerized database searching in the disciplines of selection responsibility. requires an ala-accredited mls. excellent communication skills and strong service orientation essential. $20,500 minimum salary depending on qualifications. excellent benefits package including choice of retirement programs. the university of houston libraries holdings exceed 1.6 million volumes, with a materials budget of $2.2 million, and a total staff of 175. the library is a member of arl. review of applications will begin immediately and continue until the position is filled. send letter of application, names of 3 references, and resume to: dana rooks, assistant director for administration, university of houston libraries, houston, tx 77204-2091. equal opportunity employer. systems implementation librarian, michael orradre library, santa clara university. responsible for participating in final contract negotiations with vendor selected for integrated library automation system and coordinating the implementation of the new system. will work closely with vendor, staffs of both university and law libraries, and appropriate computer center staff. typical duties will include the following: work with operational units on system tables, file conversion, tape load, etc.; coordinate training programs; disseminate information and maintain communication during planning and implementation of system. qualified candidates must have an mls or equivalent degree from an ala accredited program and at least 5 years of professional experience. a minimum of 2 years experience is required in a position involving substantial responsibility for automated library systems. broad-based knowledge o f academic library operations and services, demonstrated analytical, planning and organizational skills are required. previous project management experience is strongly preferred. previous experience with the implementation of an integrated library system is highly desirable. project-based position, funded for approximately two years, depending upon date of hire. non-career track appointment at the rank of associate librarian is expected. 1990/91 salary range, $32,281-$48,422. apply by july 15, 1990, to: elizabeth m. salzer, university librarian, santa clara university, santa clara, ca 95053. santa clara is an aa/eo employer. systems librarian. the frederick l. ehrman medical library of new york úniversity medical center is seeking a systems librarian to direct and manage the implementation o f its integrated library system. in addition, the systems librarian will participate in planning for an expanded information system involving local applications of library operational, academic, and research databases. the nyu medical center has selected innovative interfaces, inc. as its library system. it will run on dec equipment in a unix environment. the systems librarian will supervise 1 fte technical assistant, and report to the director. the position requires an mls from an accredited library school, and at least five years of professional experience, involving online public access catalogs, or the use of integrated library systems. knowledge of micro computing, programming or com­ puter networking is highly desirable. excellent organizational and communication skills are necessary. salary is negotiable from $33,000. new york university medical center is one o f the nation’s leading biomedical research, patient care, and medical education. it is located along manhattan’s east river between 30th and 34th streets. the library has 160,000 volumes and a staff o f 30 fte. it is in the process of purchasing an integrated library system and expanding its service programs, particularly in support of undergraduate medical education. new york university medical center is an equal opportunity employer and seeks applications from all qualified applicants. applications received by july 1 will be given priority consideration. please send resumes to: karen brewer, director, frederick l. ehrman medical library, 550 first avenue, new york, ny 10016. systems librarian. a 12-month faculty appointment. primarily responsible for continuing implementation, management and maintenance of key notis (turn­ key integrated library system), cd-roms and commercial online databases. requirements include ala-mls, with an additional graduate degree preferred; minimum of 3 years academic library experience; thorough knowledge of integrated library systems and expertise in online database searching using dialog or brs. salary range between $28,000 and $32,000. messiah college is a christian college in the anabaptist and evangelical traditions. send letter of inquiry with vita to: jonathan lauer, director, murray learning resources center, messiah college, grantham, pa 17027. eeo/aa. acrl and ala publishing present— measuring academic library performance: a practical approach the library management tool y ou ’ve been waiting for! m easuring academic library performance offers an easy-to-use set o f output measures that you and your staff can perform without specialized training or knowledge o f statistics. the data you obtain can be used to evaluate the library’s services, to demonstrate the library’s value, and to guide resource allocation. commissioned and approved by the acrl board o f directors, the manual is the result o f two years o f development and field-testing. the project was headed by dr. nancy van house o f the university o f california at berkeley, who also worked on the development o f o utput measures for public libraries (ala, 1987). the measures are specifically designed for academic libraries. the manual contains all the background information and materials you need to carry out a measurement project, including survey forms ready to photocopy. the manual will also be available with a database software package to make your data collection even easier! measuring academic library performance: a practical guide by dr. nancy van house, beth weil, and charles r. mcclure prepared for the association o f college and research libraries, under the auspices o f the committee on performance measures, ad hoc available in june 1990. price to be announced. isbn 0-8389-0529-3. a l a b o o k s american library association 50 east huron street chicago, illinois 60611 r e ference p ublication now, for the first time, in one handy m a s t e r c a t a l o g ... the complete contents o f 225 subject catalogs listing thousands o f books, reports, and pamphlets available from the u .s. g o v e rn m e n t p r in tin g o ffice. omni’s new annual subject bibliographies of government publications edited by pam d. oliver. 932 pages. federal depository libraries. u.s. government bookstores. ordering infor­ mation, form. 650-item index. 1990. standing order available. $75. subject bibliographies guides readers to thousands of information sources on over 600 high-interest subjects like. .. accidents.. .a ging.. .youth.. .computers... day care. . .energy. . .financial aid to students. . .d ie t. . .gardening. . .m ental h ealth. . . nursing c are. .. small business .. .taxes.. .teaching.. .and hundreds more. overcomes a m ajor pr o b­ lem—maintaining pamphlet files of subject bibliographies has always been a problem. but now omni binds together in one volume the full text of 225 bibliographies. arranged alphabetically by main subjects, the book ifŕí ‚ includes an a to z index, pinpointing 650 precise subjects. (“ consumer information,” for example, has over 24 subjects that qualify for indexing.) helpful information—entries in this new master catalog are complete with precise titles, descriptions, publication prices, instructions for ordering, and an order form that can be duplicated. try this massive catalog f r e e for 60 days. standing orders save you 10% a n d keep you up to date. omnigraphics, inc. penobscot building • detroit, mi 48226 toll-free: 800-234-1340 • fax: 313-961-1383 structure bookmarks •jfune 1990 / 583 the classified adsdeadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.75 per line for acrl members, $7.25 for others. late job notices are $13.75 per line for members, $16.20 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged a ports. ala/mls, four years experience in academic library acquisitions/collection development. prefer supervisory experience and record of professional achievement. write or call for full announce­ment: olivia mills, humboldt state university library, arcata, ca 95521; (707) 826-3441. senior assistant or associate librarian ($34,752 to $43,836). screening of applications will begin june 1, 1990, and continue until an appointment is made. available: january 1, 1991.assistant engineering librarian. under di 584 / c&rl news with reference, circulation, and materials processing. entry level position requiring mls from ala-accredited institution or foreign equivalent and oral and written communication skills. reports to head of the borchert map library with six years to achieve continuous appointment. salary $22,000 minimum. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three refer­ences to: barbara doyle, personnel officer, university of minne­sota, 453 wilson library, 309 19th ave so., minneapolis, mn 55455. ence preferred. additional graduate degree preferred and required for tenure. salary for academic year from $28,000 to $32,000 depending on qualifications and experience. possible summer appointment. send letter of application, names, addresses, and phone numbers of three current references and resume by july 13, 1990, to: edwin hill, department chairperson, murphy library, university of wisconsin-la crosse, la crosse, wl 54601. aa/ eoe.business reference librarian/bibliographer. theuniversity of nevada, la salary guidelisted below are the minimum starting sal­ary figures recommended by 19 state library organizations for professional library posts in these states. job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini­mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1989 issue of library journal, the ala survey of librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, or the annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacan­cies. for more informa connecticutindianaiowakansaslouisianamainemassachusettsnew hampshirenew jerseynew yorknorth carolinaohiopennsylvaniarhode islandsouth carolinasouth dakotavermontwest virginiawisconsin $27,000varies*$19,619$17,500*$20,000varies*$27,554*$17,500$24,200varies*$20,832$20,024$23,700*$23,750varies*$20,000$20,500$20,000$23,700 *rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted a formula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. june 1990/585 bibliographic instruction, development of bibliographies and re­search guides. reports to head reference librarian. work sched­ule will include regular evening and weekend duties in rotation. qualifications: applicants must have a master’s degree from an ala-accredited program; degree in business or management field or a minimum of two years, business reference experience; dem­onstrated commitment to public service, ability to work effectively with students, faculty, and staff; effective oral and written co addresses of three references to: mary dale deacon, dean of libraries, university of nevada, las vegas, 4505 s. maryland parkway, las vegas, nv 89154. unlv is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.catalog librarian. san diego state university invites appli­cations for the position of catalog librarian. situated 30 miles north of the mexican border and 120 miles south of los angeles, san diego ranks sixth in size among the nation’s cities. with over 35,500 students, sdsu is the largest of the 20 586 / c&rl news assistant catalog librariannew mexico state universityfaculty position with responsibilities for both original and non-original cataloging of monographs, serials, and special formats, and retrospective conversion in a broad range of subject fields. includes supervision of classified staff. must be willing to participate in shared responsibilities including collection management and reference services.qualifications: requires ala-accredited mls; working knowledge of oclc, aacr2, and lc classifications; demon school, experience cataloging in an automated environment, knowledge of oclc, aacrii, lc classification. faculty status and liberal fringe benefits. minimum $22,000 depending on qualifica­tions and experience. send resume with names of three references to: peter brown, affirmative action officer, suny at purchase, 735 anderson hill road, purchase, ny 10577. review of resumes begins june 30, 1990. position available september 1, 1990.catalogers (two). the university of alabama seeks applica­tions for the fol pean languages. serials catalog librarian, instructor or assistant professor level to provide, under the supervision of the head, catalog department, original cataloging and editing of oclc copy for serials in the main and departmental libraries. to assist with the formulation and review of policies and procedures in the depart­ment, and with conducting graduate school of library and informa­tion science internships. qualifications—instructor: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; knowledge of june 1990 / 587 circulation librarian. this is a professional position to provide leadership and direction for library circulation activities. responsibilities include: overseeing all circulation activities; train­ing, supervising and evaluating staff; performing some public services work. circulation activities are highly automated. flexible work schedule required. experience with an automated circulation system or other automation activities desirable. tenure-track position beginning approximately october 1, 1990. ala-ac service position, reporting to the dean, may have other duties assigned depending on the skills and background of the incum­bent. ala-approved master’s degree and three years experience in a comparable academic library. collection development experi­ence required. leadership and good communication skills essen­tial. preference will be given to those who have worked with an online system, possess subject master’s degree, and who demon­strate other transferable library skills. salary to $38,000 for up to 180 assistant director for automated systemsmichigan state universitynominations and applications are invited for this exciting and challenging new position which will exercise a strong leadership role in all facets of the development and utilization of information technology in the msu libraries. the successful candidate for this position will work directly with the library automation systems (e.g., acquisitions, circulation, and online public access), for the development of a coherent infrastructure within th 588 / c&rl news faculty positions in libraryserials librarian: responsible for original cataloging and processing of serials in all formats using oclc and notis; and database maintenance, including editing records to conform with ansi local standards. reports to serials/acquisitions manager.cataloger: responsible for original cataloging of oclc, monographs and items in all formats using oclc and notis; and database maintenance, including editing records to conform to lc and local standards. experience cataloging non-print from an ala-accredited library school and a minimum of one year of professional library experience. knowledge of cataloging prin­ciples and standards using aacr2 and oclc/marc and experi­ence using the oclc cataloging subsystem. working knowledge of one or more microcomputer software packages. effective written and oral communication skills. demonstrated organizational skills. appointment: appointment is in the university of minnesota’s academic administrative class. minimum salary is $26,000 and is depende communication skills, public service orientation, and administrative/supervisory experience. strongly preferred qualification: ph.d. in american history or american studies. desired qualifica­tions: experience and/or training in public history; experience in grant writing and promotional activities; familiarity with library automation; and knowledge of publishing. it is a twelve-month, administrative position. salary is commensurate with qualifica­tions, minimum $41,000. excellent fringe benefits. applica june 1990 / 589 catalog librarians(two positions)olin library systemwashington university in st. louisthe olin library system of washington university in st. louis is seeking talented and dynamic individuals to serve as catalog librarians. the olin library system is engaged in a multi-year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. the olin library system consists of a large central library and eight satellite programs, texas a&m university development foundation, 610 evans library, college station, tx 77843.director of technical services, general libraries, emory university (search extended). responsibilities: provides creative leadership in planning, developing, and administering the technical services division of the emory university general libraries. participates in overall library management and reports to the vice provost/director of libraries. the division is composed of 5 departments: catalog, catalog su nity. technical services division and general libraries: the tech­nical services division has forty-four professional and paraprofes­sional staff members. the collections of the general libraries total 1,100,000 volumes (over 2,000,000 volumes for all emory librar­ies), 1,200,000 microforms, 6,000 linear feet of manuscripts with a growing collection of audiovisual materials. the staff totals ap­proximately 150. other resources are available in separate librar­ies for law, health sciences, theology and oxfor 590 / c&rl news uct catalog collections. 3) provide library/bibliographic instruction for computer science, engineering, mathematics and statistics, and physics and astronomy. 4) administer mathematics & statis­tics and physics & astronomy libraries and supervise a la iii at each of these libraries. 5) provide collection development/subject liaison with computer science, mathematics & statistics, and physics & astronomy departments. 6) provide computer search services for areas cited above. mls from an ala-accredited libra letter, resume, and names of three references to: ronald p. naylor, assistant director for administrative services, otto g. richter library, university of miami, p.o. box 248214, coral gables, fl 33124; fax (305) 665-7352. university of miami is an equal oppor­tunity, affirmative action employer.head, cataloging department (search extended). the university of akron is the third largest state-assisted university in ohio. it offers its 29,000 day and evening students more than 230 associate’s, bachelor’s and june 1990/591 resources is seeking a professional, experienced manager to effectively set priorities and direct the workflow of its cataloging department. reporting directly to the director of university library and learning resources, the head of the cataloging department supervises 6.0 professional and 5.0 staff employees. this working manager is responsible for: coordinating the original cataloging, copy cataloging and pre-order searching of monographs, serials, government documents, media and machine-readable datafil communication skills. preferred: record of increasing responsibil­ity of staff supervision; experience with vtls; budgetary experi­ence; potential for research and evidence of scholarly/professional achievement; evidence of creative and imaginative contributions to overall library management. this is a 12-month, tenure-track appointment at the rank of associate professor. it includes 22 days vacation, standard benefits package, and a starting salary be­tween $39,000-$41,000. application deadline is august 1 college librariantrinity collegehartford, connecticuttrinity college invites applications and nominations for the position of college librarian. reporting to the dean of the faculty (the institution’s chief academic officer), the librarian is responsible for planning, supervision, and administration of the main library, the watkinson library (a separate research facility), the college archives, and such special collections as the slide and music library. the annual library budget is approximately $2 million 592 / c&rl news over 10,000 volumes per year. other duties include responsibilities as a subject bibliographer. required: master’s degree in library science from an ala-accredited school and a minimum of four years of progressively responsible professional technical services experience: strong background in supervision and management; knowledge of lc classification, lcsh, aacr2, and marc for­mats; demonstrated communication and interpersonal relations skills. preferred: some experience with an online catalog. position is t directorclarke historical librarycentral michigan university librariescentral michigan university is committed to diversity as an educational value and to taking affirmative actions to ensure equal opportunity in all areas of the university. such factors as religion, national origin, race, color, sex, handi­cap, age, height, weight, marital status, veteran status, citizenship, or sexual orientation are not used as a basis for discrimination or harass­ment. in accord with this commitment to diver­sity and no june 1990/593 3081; (404) 651-2172. review of applications begins july 10, 1990, and will continue until the position is filled. an equal oppor­tunity affirmative action employer.head of acquisitions/collection development. theuniversity of west florida invites applications and nominations for the position of head of acquisitions/collection development. re­sponsibilities: selects, acquires, evaluates current and retrospec­tive monographic titles; monitors and recommends allocation of funds to academic departments; and su an urban university. position reports to the deputy director. shares broad responsibility for management of the library as well as planning, managing, and coordinating all collection management activities, including the collection-related responsibilities of 17 librarians, and the full-time supervision of 7 classified staff and 2.5 student assistants. overall responsibilities include collection evaluation, selection and deselection, acquisition, pre-order search, vendor selection, development of special col reference librariancalifornia state university, stanislaus12-month, tenure-track position, starting september 1990. responsibilities, shared with three other reference librarians, include general reference and online database searching, bibliographic instruction, and collection development. establishes circulation policies in consultation with dean of library services and assists circulation coordinator in resolving special problems. some evening and weekend work required. benefits include 24 days vacation, 594 / c&rl news the university of wisconsin-parkside library/learníng centertwo public services positioncoordinator of online search services. the successful candidate will coordinate the library's mediated and end-user search services; provide reference service; serve as liaison to several faculty departments for purposes of bibliographic instruction, online searching, and collection development; and participate in outreach programs. qualifications: required: graduate library degree from an ala accredited library school; 44115. review of applications will begin july 16 and will continue until the position is filled. starting date october 1. preliminary informational meetings will be set up at ala. equal opportunity employer, minority, female, handicapped.head, order unit, kansas state university libraries. respon­sible for management monographic acquisitions, including ap­proval and blanket order plans, plus serial ordering with a staff of 5 classified and 2 fte student employees. order unit expends against a budget of near head of reference. wright state university, dayton, ohio, is looking for a dynamic, service-oriented individual to head univer­sity library reference department. primary responsibilities: plans, implements, and evaluates reference department pro­grams and services; supervises 7 professional librarians and 3 paraprofessionals; represents the library and the reference de­partment in various state and local organizations; with other library department heads, recommends and implements library goals and directiv june 1990 / 595 serials coordinator librarian (reopened search)the george washington universitywashington, d.c.the george washington university announces that the search for serials coordinator librarian has been reopened. appointment salary: $26,000 minimum.responsibilities: the incumbent is responsible for serials record control within the acquisitions department, including management and supervision of the serials and documents units (5.5 fte staff and 4-6 part-time wage hour employees) and providing service liaison wit librarian, weter memorial library, seattle pacific university, seattle, wa 98119; (206) 281-2228. closing date: august 1‚ 1990.head, reference services. central michigan university is committed to diversity as an educational value and to taking affirmative actions to ensure equal opportunity in all areas of the university. such factors as religion, national origin, race, color, sex, handicap, age, height, weight, marital status, veteran status, citizenship, or sexual orientation are not used as a basis for doctoral level to a campus enrollment of 17,000 students. the libraries, with a collection of over 900,000 volumes, are imple­menting notis and have 82 librarians and support staff. applica­tions will be accepted until this position is filled. review of candi­dates’ files will begin immediately. submit letter of application stating this position; resume; and names, addresses, and tele­phone numbers of three references to: chairperson, selection committee, central michigan university, park 207, mt. pleasant, 596 / c&rl news information delivery coordinator. responsible for overseeing and supervising the interlibrary loan operations and developing a program to assist users in locating information re­sources available at institutions other than umd. enhance and encourage umd’s cooperation with existing state and national interlibrary networks and explore new avenues of opportunity. in conjunction with the library’s application programmer and public service department personnel integrate new technologies in the implementation of principal cataloger/section head, assistant professor (tenure-leading). cataloging department, starting september 15. 1) responsible for the supervision of the original and revised cataloging section of the cataloging department including train­ing and revising the work of new professional catalogers; 2) be the department’s contact and resource person for oclc enhance and upgrade procedures; 3) act as resource person for professional catalogers in interpretation of cataloging rules, oclc cataloging standard june 1990/597 staff development officerolin library systemwashington university in st. louisthe olin library system of washington university in st. louis is seeking a talented and creative individual to serve as staff development officer. the olin library system is engaged in a multi-year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. we are in the process of establishing a comprehensive, multi-year staff develop general collection development. st. lawrence has recently intro­duced innopac and innovacq and is continuing to implement cd-rom technology. twelve month contract; liberal benefits; faculty status with one month’s vacation. required: ala-accred­ited mls; strong commitment to service; effective communication and inter-personal skills; solid course work or experience in refer­ence services on online searching. preferred: additional advanced degree; academic library experience; course work or experience in com have 3 letters of professional recommendation sent to: library search committee, eastern new mexico university station 21 ‚ portales, nm 88130. aa/eoereference librarian, cornell university library. offer refer­ence service: prepare bibliographies, assist with current aware­ness services, advise on collection needs, and instruct users in legal research methodology (including lexis and westlaw) in both formal and informal settings. participate in the 1st year legal bibliography course. regular evening and pe 598 / c&rl news multicultural and non-traditional students. provides reference services, bibliographic instruction, cd-rom assistance for a mul­ticultural community. research and publication are expected, faculty tenure-track. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls; strong oral and written communications skills; strong com­mitment to public service; background or experience in a multicul­tural environment. desired: experience in reference and/or biblio­graphic instruction; familiarity with microcomputers. salary: com available at the end of the current year and in future years. applications from minorities are encouraged. applications must be postmarked by june 25, 1990. begin date will be approximately september 11, 1990. interviews may occur at ala/chicago june 23-28, 1990. apply to: thomas m. peischl, dean of the library, mankato state university, msu box 19 p.o. box 8400, mankato, mn 56002-8400.reference and public services librarian at moravian college for anticipated august vacancy. works with team of two other systems librarian (search reopened)olin library system washington university in st. louisthe olin library system of washington university in st. louis is seeking a talented and dynamic individual to serve as systems librarian. the olin library system is engaged in a multi-year project of strengthening and expanding its collections and services to correlate with the university’s program of enriched research and teaching activities. the olin library system consists of a large central library and eight satelli june 1990 / 599 reference/bibliographic instruction librarian.the university of evansville libraries seeks a librarian possessing excellent written and oral communication skills, the interpersonal skills necessary to work collegially and cooperatively with peers, and a commitment to excellent service and professional develop­ment. ue libraries houses over 215,000 bound volumes and over 243,000 microforms. fully-automated and integrated online cata­log on the notis system. responsibilities: participate in all reference depa nolds library, wake forest university, winston-salem, nc 27109-7777. aa-eoe.science cataloger (new position). the university of califor­nia, irvine, one of the fastest growing campus in the uc system, has an opening in the catalog department. reporting to the catalog department head, responsible for cataloging materials in books format for the science collections, including the medical sciences, supervising the sciences section, and advising catalog­ed of materials in other formats on classification and sub 600 / c&rl news tive support for patrons using end-user computer systems (i.e. opac and cd-rom products, etc.). the coordinator demon­strates commitment to and participates in the innovative applica­tion of technology in reference work. in addition, each reference librarian participates in developing the reference collection through selection and weeding. the reference department is composed of eleven librarians and four support staff. the coordinator reports to the head of the reference department. qualifications: ala-ac erence systems; experience in online database searching; com­mitment to information literacy; demonstrated outstanding oral and written communication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships with staff, patrons, and the univer­sity community; working knowledge of at least one foreign lan­guage desired. salary minimum: $25,000. standard benefits package includes life, health, and disability insurance and manda­tory participation in the state retirement system, 21 days of annu archives. sul ross state university is seeking an experienced professional to serve as the director of the archives of the big bend. the archives contain 9,000 volumes of printed books most relating to texas and the southwest, 2071 linear feet of manuscripts relating to the settlement and development of the big bend area, and the university’s archives. responsible for evaluation, planning and develop­ment of policies and procedures for the archives of the big bend in the context of academic and administrati june 1990 / 601 care of historical photographs, evidence of scholarly research and publication; reading knowledge of french. salary: $25,000 per fiscal year minimum, dependent on experience and qualifications. twelve month administrative position. deadline: july 1, 1990 or until position is filled. preliminary interviews will be conducted at ala send letter of application, resume and the names and telephone numbers of three references to: dr. sharon goad, library director, eilender memorial library, nicholls state universi 602 / c&rl news marc formats; 2 years recent experience as a cataloger in an academic or research library; proven supervisory skills; familiarity with an automated library system, such as oclc; excellent communications skills and the ability to work effectively with a diverse academic community in a changing work environment. knowledge of nlm classification and subject headings and one year of experience cataloging audiovisual materials in an academic library is highly desirable. salary range, $30,144-$39,276, commensurate june 1990 / 603 east asian cataloger. under direction of head of cataloging, responsible for original cataloging of monographs in chinese, japanese, and korean using anglo-american cataloging rules, 2nd edition revised, and library of congress classification and subject headings; oversees library’s oclc/cjk operations and inclusion of east asian materials in local online catalog; responsible for trainingand supervision of support staff (1 fte) and student assistants. required: mls from ala-accredited library school; workin 604 / c&rl news personal skills with staff and the public; understanding of and commitment to library automation; ability to view issues from a broad library-wide perspective; understanding and commitment to equal opportunity and affirmative action; ability to meet promotion and tenure standards. preferred: experience in more than one of the three functional areas; experience in reference services; experience with equipment procurement. salary and benefits: $33,000 minimum. competi­tive benefits. iowa state offers a positi june 1990 / 605 more) in a large academic or research library; strong background in the social sciences and/or humanities. deadline: july 15, 1990. send letter, resume and names, addresses and phone numbers of four references to: constance corey, associate dean, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 852871006. aa, eeo employer.head of technical services and systems. northern michigan university is a state university of 8,000 students and 900 employees serving michigan’s upper peninsula and located on the sh 606 / c&rl news personal information management specialist for clini­cal scientists. the william h. welch medical library, the johns hopkins university, is offering a challenging position as a personal information manage­ment specialist for clinical scientists. primary responsibilities include consulting with individuals and departments to assess information needs, recommend appro­priate solutions, and evaluate impact; and coordinating instruction for faculty, researchers, and staff in the clinical sciences. the position p june 1990 / 607 lish bibliographic control of collections in an online environment. maintain and develop local history research resource database, collections: dc. qualifications required: mls from an ala-accredited program. archival administration coursework; preor post-mls archival experience, including assessment and processing of corporate or personal papers. knowledge of archival principals and established practices. experience with microcomputer applications for manuscripts processing and with producing collectio and resume to: dana rooks, assistant director for administration, university of houston libraries, houston, tx 77204-2091. equal opportunity employer.systems implementation librarian, michael orradre library, santa clara university. responsible for participating in final contract negotiations with vendor selected for integrated library automation system and coordinating the implementation of the new system. will work closely with vendor, staffs of both university and law libraries, and appropriate computer acrl and ala publishing present—measuring academic library performance: a practical approachthe library management tool you’ve been waiting for! measuring academic library performance offers an easy-to-use set of output measures that you and your staff can perform without specialized training or knowledge of statistics. the data you obtain can be used to evaluate the library’s services, to demonstrate the library’s value, and to guide resource allocation.commissioned and approved by the acrl board of direct reference publication now, for the first time, in one handymaster catalog...the complete contents of 225 subject catalogs listing thousands of books, reports, and pamphlets available from theu.s. government printing office.omni’s new annualsubject bibliographies of government publications edited by pam d. oliver. 932 pages. federal depository libraries. u.s. government bookstores. ordering infor­mation, form. 650-item index. 1990. standing order available. $75.subject bibliographies guides readers to thousands of information sources on over 600 high-interest subjects like. .. accidents.. .aging.. .youth.. .computers... day care. . .energy. . .financial aid to students. . .diet. . .gardening. . .mental health. . . nursing care. .. small business .. .taxes.. .teaching.. .and hundreds more.over includes an a to z index, pinpointing 650 precise subjects. (“consumer information,” for example, has over 24 subjects that qualify for indexing.)helpful information—entries in this new master catalog are complete with precise titles, descriptions, publication prices, instructions for ordering, and an order form that can be duplicated.try this massive catalog free for 60 days.standing orders save you 10% and keep you up to date.omnigraphics, inc.penobscot building • detroit, mi 48226 toll-free: 800-234-1340 acrl news issue (b) of college & research libraries september 1989/745 thed efsacsadiisl positions open acquisitions librarian to manage the activities of an eight person, automated (innovacq) department responsible for or­ dering, receiving, binding, and mending monographs and serials. the library has a materials budget of 1.5 million, acquires 12,000+ monographs per year through firm orders and approval plans, and subscribes to 5,200 periodicals. acquisitions librarian reports to the head of collection development. required: ala-accredited mls, experience supervising staff and managing projects, excel­ lent communication and bibliographic skills, and experience in or familiarity with acquisitions and binding processes. minimum sal­ ary is $24,000 for a 12-month appointment. fringe benefits include 20 working days annual leave, tuition waiver, tiaa/cref, life and fully paid family health insurance. applications received by sepsalary guide listed below are the minimum starting sal­ ary figures recommended by 16 state library organizations for professional library posts in these states. job seekers and employers should consider these recommended mini mums, as well as other salary surveys (such as the survey in the october 15,1988 issue of library journal, the ala survey o f librarian salaries, the annual arl salary survey, orthe annual cupa administrative compensation survey) when evaluating professional vacan­ cies. for more information, contact the ala office for library personnel services. connecticut $22,200 indiana varies* iowa $19,619 kansas $17;500* louisiana $20,000 maine varies* massachusetts $22,000 new hamphsire $17,500 new jersey $22,000 new york varies* north carolina $20,832 ohio $20,024 pennsylvania $20,000 rhode island $21,000 vermont $19,000 west virginia $20,000 wisconsin $23,700 ‘ rather than establish one statewide salary minimum, some state associations have adopted aformula based on such variables as comparable salaries for public school teachers in each community or the grade level of a professional librarian post. in these cases, you may wish to contact the state association for minimum salary information. deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month. rates: classified advertisements are $5.75 per line for acrl members, $7.25 for others. late job notices are $13.75 per line for members, $16.20 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their membership status. telephone: all telephone orders should be confirmed by a written order mailed to acrl headquarters as soon as possible. orders should be accompanied by a typewritten copy of the ad to be used in proofreading. an additional $15 will be charged for ads taken over the phone (except late job notices or display ads). guidelines: for ads which list an application deadline, that date must be no sooner than the 20th day of the month in which the notice appears (e.g., october 20 for the october issue). all job announcements should include a salary figure. job announce­ ments will be edited to exclude discriminatory references. appli­ cants should be aware that the terms faculty rank and status vary in meaning among institutions. jobline: call (312) 944-6795 for late-breaking job ads for academic and research library positions. a pre-recorded summary of positions listed with the service is revised weekly; each friday a new tape includes all ads received by 1:00 p.m. the previous day. each listing submitted will be carried on the recording for two weeks. the charge for each two-week listing is $30 for acrl members and $35 for non-members. fast job listing service: a special newsletter for those actively seeking positions. this service lists job postings received at acrl headquarters four weeks before they appear in c&rl news, as well as ads which, because of narrow deadlines, will not appear in c&rl news. the cost of a six-month subscription is $15 for acrl members and $20 for non-members. contact: classified advertising department, acrl, ameri­ can library association, 50 e. huron st., chicago, il 60611 -2795; (312)944-6780. for sale people counters, for information: 1-800-441-book, library director designed and markets accurate electronic device that will count the people that enter your library with invisible beam, usable anywhere, portable or permanently, $229 includes shipping. full warranty for one year, laser counters, 120 w est walnut st., blytheville, ar 72315. (501) 762-2431. over 500 sold u.s. and canada. materials wanted space problems? we will buy your surplus serials, technical, scientific and historic materials. send list for best offer to: colfax books, p.o. box 380542, denver, co 80238. 7 4 6 / c&rl news tem ber5, 1989 will receive first consideration. to apply send letter of application, resume, and names of at least 3 references to: elaine m. albright, director of libraries, raymond h. fogler library, university of maine, orono, maine 04469. the university of maine is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. a c q uisitio ns/serials librarian (search extended). unique opportunity to participate in major new building and auto­ mation project. responsible for acquisition and processing of periodicals, standing orders, government documents; some mono­ graphic acquisition work as assigned. supervises paraprofes sional staff. required: ala-accredited mls and minimum one year experience in acquisitions or serials control. knowledge of wln or other utility, familiarity with automated serials control systems, microcomputer experience, additional graduate degree desirable but not mandatory. this is a 12-month, tenure-trackfaculty appoint­ ment. minimum salary $21,000 plus liberal faculty benefits includ­ ing relocation assistance. review of applications begins septem­ ber 20, 1989. send letter of application and resume, plus names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 current references to: eileen bell-garrison, head of technical services, crosby library, gonzaga university, spokane, wa 99258. andrew w. mellon curator of books and exhibi­ tions. primary focus is on the period of the renaissance and early modern western civilization. curator will serve as overall coordinator, organizer, and administrator of folger public exhibi­ tions. will work with head conservator in establishing conserva­ tion policies and in selecting early printed materials for conserva­ tion treatment. will be a resource for information about the library and its collections of printed materials. will suggest, when appro­ priate, printed materials for acquisition. a degree in library sci­ ence or an advanced degree in english literature, history, or other field in renaissance study is required with at least three years experience in a research library or in research-oriented activity beyond a degree program. experience in organizing and research­ ing library exhibitions and some familiarity with problems of con­ servation are highly desirable. salary range: $30,000-$35,000 with excellent fringe benefits. for complete job description and other particulars write to: personnel office, folger shakespeare li­ brary, 201 e. capitol st., s.e., washington, dc 20003. an equal opportunity employer. assistant bibliographic control librarian, clemson university, (newly created position). responsibilities: under direcassistant director for collections management and reference services north dakota state university north dakota state university libraries invite applications for the position o ^ ^ s is ta n t director for col­ lections management and reference services. the libraries are e n h a n c in c jj |[*)s itio n as part of its plan to develop a comprehensive coordinated program for collections managemer » m . ampus interaction. the successful candidate will provide leadership in establishing programswfflbh ■ ^ ig th e n the libraries’ out­ reach to campus constituencies, increase the collections’ relevance fw ta c m n g and research programs, and expand availability of information resources of all types. * qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls degree; a n p r d cj^rogressively responsible experi­ ence in academic or research libraries; demonstrated written a r w ^ l communications skills and effective interaction with faculty and library staff. p re fe rre d q u a lifig m o n s p e m o n s tra te d knowledge of issues rele­ vant to collection management; experience in creating 9 [ implementing innovative programs in library services; knowledge of latest issues and trends in jg ffie iw n b ra ria n s h ip ; evidence of professional devel­ opment, service, and participation in p ro fe ssio n a® ^fcia tio ns. north dakota state university is a land-gmflf u m ^ s it y serving 9,500 students and 700 faculty. it is a member of tri-college university, an estabtifried consortium (ndsu, moorhead state university, concor­ dia college). the tri-college l i b r a r y h ^ ^ / n outstanding program of cooperative acquisitions and resource sharing. participation in t l ^ a i n ^ r o t a state university system pals integrated catalog of 40 libraries, electronic interlibrary l o a ^ b f i reciprocal borrowing privileges. ndsu is located in fargo, an educational, cultural, and mecueal c ln te r of the upper great plains. fargo-moorhead (mn) metropolitan area has a population of 12 4 ,c j^ ^ rh e a re a is within a short drive of minnesota lake country and 4 hours from minneapolis and winnipeg. salary and benefit|™ alaiy negotiable from $30,000 minimum. benefits include tiaa/cref and blue cross/blue shield, e ra o y e e tuition waiver. additional information may be obtained by contacting the chair of the screening c o m r^ e e : margaret blue, chair, north dakota state university libraries, p.o. box 5599, fargo, nd 58105-5599; telephone (701) 237-7390. application: applicants must include a short statement (no more than 1,000 words) on a topic related to leadership for academic libraries. to ensure full consideration, applications should be received by october 20, 1989, when review will begin. send letter of application, current resume, statement on leadership, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers for 3 references to: personnel office north dakota state university p.o. box 5227 fargo, nd 58105 ndsu is an equal opportunity institution. september 19891747 r c es i p r on c sib u iliti l es a : m ti an o ag n e a ll l circ i ul b ati r on a d r e i p a art n ment and reserve collection operations; supervise 12 (7.75 fte) library specialists; monitor library access, security, and use; interpret and apply library regulations; maintain complex departmental manuals; prepare written correspondence, forms, and proce­ dures; provide reference desk assistance as a member of the library's reference services team; and plan for the eventual automation of circulation activities. requirements: mls or equivalent training and experience; knowl­ edge of library circulation work and previous experience in a public service area; demonstrated administrative and managerial abilities; successful super­ visory experience; familiarity with automated circulation systems and aca­ demic/business library procedures; effective oral and written communication skills; superior public relations skills; ability to exercise independent judgment, while accepting direction and guidance; and willingness to work some eve­ nings, weekends and holidays. rank: assistant or associate librarian. salary: $29,000 to $40,000, depending on qualifications and rank. (refer to search committee “c”.) reference librarian (two positions) responsibilities: as a member of the library's reference services team, perform direct reference service and participate in related reference activities; organ­ ize and maintain reference collections and equipment; prepare nformational guides; participate in library orientation programs; interpret and apply library regulations; maintain complex departmental manuals; and prepare written correspondence, forms, and procedures. requirements: mls or equivalent training and experience; extensive knowledge of business and economics library reference sources; successful experience with providing direct refer­ ence assistance, including interlibrary loan work and on-line database search­ ing; familiarity with academic/business library procedures; effective oral and written communication skills; superior public relations skills; ability to exercise independent judgement, whiie accepting direction and guidance; and willing­ ness to work some evenings, week-ends and holidays. rank: assistant or associate librarian. salary: $29,000 to $40,000, depending on qualifications and rank. (refer to search committee r1.) candidate should send a letter of application, full resume, related documents, and names of references to: j. hugh jackson library, graduate school of business, (refer to correct search committee) stanford university, stan­ ford, ca 94305-5016. eeo/aae. stanford university 7 4 8 /c &rl news tion of the head of reference, assists the coordinator of biblio­ graphic instruction in planning, developing, and providing library instruction and tours. provides in-depth reference and consultation service, collection development and evaluation, online searching, bibliographic instruction, and other liaison activities in the subject areas of forest and recreational resources. works with ten other reference librarians in providing reference service and freshman library orientation. qualifications: ala-accredited mls required. degree in natural resources, forestry, recreation or tourism, and reference or teaching experience preferred. faculty status, retire­ ment plans including south carolina and tiaa/cref, various medical plans, dental plan, liberal leave. salary range: $21,000 minimum depending upon qualifications and rank. clemson uni­ versity library, one of the important research facilities in the southeast, has a collection of 13,500 serial titles and 1,486,658 volumes and uses notis and brs search software. the staff includes 25 librarians and 60 support staff. candidates applying by september 30, 1989, will receive first consideration. send letter of application with resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references to: lisa ridenour, chair, assistant biblio­ graphic instruction librarian search committee, r.m. cooper library, clemson university, clemson, sc 29634-3001. clemson university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. the university is particularly interested in the applications or nomina­ tions of women and minorities. assistant biology librarian. under direction from the biology librarian, the assistant biology librarian coordinates reference and online searching services; is responsible for biblio­ graphic instruction, supervision of some support staff, and some original cataloging. position works closely with the biology librar­ ian in the areas of planning, collection development, and inhouse automation projects. department: biology library serves some 400 faculty and researchers, 375 graduate students, and a large undergraduate body. it has a materials budget of $295,000 and houses a working collection of 113,000+ volumes, including assistant director, social sciences division columbia university the assistant director for the social sciences division has primary responsibility for the public service activities and operations of one of the libraries’ three major divisions. the staff of the social sciences division includes 15 librarians (including 5 area studies bibliographers for africa, latin america, middle east, slavic/eastern europe, and south/southeast asia), 25 supporting staff, and an fte of 22 student assistants. the division includes: thomas j. watson library of business and economics, the second largest collection of its kind in the u.s., containing 364,000 printed volumes and 590,000 microforms; herbert h. lehman library, the center of the social science division and a collection of contemporary social science research materials, including the documents service center, containing 336,000 printed volumes and 767,000 microforms; whitney m. young, jr. memorial library of social work, a major research collection of 71,000 printed volumes; sulzberger journalism library, a major collection in its field, containing 15,200 printed volumes and an active newspaper morgue. in consultation with the director of the resources and special collections group, the incumbent is responsible for coordination of collection development activities in these libraries. the assistant director for social sciences reports to the director of the academic i nformation services group, and will be expected to ensure the effective continuation of current service activities while continu­ ing the development of innovative services and programs, including: exploration with faculty of new approaches to information services; expanding access to computer-based data systems; developing the application of video, audio-visual, and computer-based instruction to educational and research programs. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: demonstrated evidence of imagination, leadership, and managerial skills; knowledge and understanding of the process of scholarly communication and of the complexities of a major research library; and at least five years of experience in pertinent areas of library operations, especially responsibility for public service activities. a relevant graduate subject degree is desirable. salary ranges are: librarian ii: $36,500-$49,275; librarian iii: $39,500-$57,275; librarian iv: $43,500-$60,900. appointment at librarian iv isfor individuals demonstrating exceptional experience and achievement. excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. send resume, listing names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: kathleen m. wiltshire director of personnel box 35 butler library columbia university 535 west 114th street new york, ny 10027 deadline for applications is september 30,1989. an affirmative action, eeo employer. september 1989 / 749 2,000+ serial titles. its staff includes 2 fte librarians, .5 fte graduate assistant, 4.5 fte support staff, and other student assis­ tants. qualifications: required mls/ala-accredited. one year of professional or preprofessional academic/research library experi­ ence. extensive coursework or library experience in life sciences literature. online searching experience. research orientation and promotion/tenure eligibilities. preferred: experience in reference or bibliographic instruction; familiarity with personal computer pack­ ages, such as word processors, database management systems, or spreadsheets. desired: supervisory and cataloging experience. salary/rank: $21,000 upward, depending on qualifications/experi­ ence. twelve-month appointment as assistant professor. must meet university requirements for promotion and tenure (librarian ship, research, publications, university/professional service). application: send application, resume, names and addresses of five professional references by october 15, 1989, to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, university of illinois library (uc), 1408 w. gregory drive, urbana, il 61801. phone (217) 333­ 5494. the university of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. assistant curator for manuscripts, essex institute, salem, massachusetts. accessioning, processing, and cataloging manuscript and archival photograph collections; assisting in reader service, donor relations, and coordinating preservation microfilming. qualifications: mls or ma in american history; con­ centration in archives and cataloging; knowledge of computer applications. salary $18,00&-$20,000 negotiable. to apply, send cover letter, resume, and names of three references by october 1, 1989, to: personnel officer, essex institute, 132 essex street, salem, ma 01970. assistant dean for technical services, the university of kansas libraries— a tenure-track, 12-month appointment. re­ sponsible for the direction of the library’s five departments, includ­ ing 21 professional and 51 paraprofessional staff, primarily con­ cerned with technical operations— acquisitions, serials, catalog­ ing, the slavic department, and the department for spain, portu­ gal, and latin america— and for the coordination of technical operations (acquisition, cataloging, serials, and preservation) throughout the library system. the assistant dean will oversee a materials budget of $3.5 million and will be responsible for the formulation and implementation of collection development policies in consultation with the collection development librarian, the acquisitions and serials librarians, library bibliographers, and representatives of the faculty. the assistant dean will have direct involvement in the general administration of the library and will represent the library in technical service matters at the university, state, regional, and national levels. requires graduate degree in library science; an understanding of and commitment to higher education generally and to teaching, scholarship, and research in particular; minimum of five years of successful research library experience; broad knowledge of and experience with technical operations and procedures; minimum of three years experience in management of a major technical services operation; demon­ strated leadership ability in working with faculty and library staff; ability to write and speak effectively; knowledge of current issues in collection development and management; working knowledge of and experience with automated technologies and their appropri­ ateness for library operations; demonstrated commitment to a consultative/participative managerial style; appreciation of the importance of successful interaction between public and technical services operations; commitment to affirmative action; strong skills in communication, interpersonal relations, planning, and resource management. prefer advanced academic training in a subject discipline; broad knowledge of european languages; experience in library public services; experience in collection development. salary dependent upon qualifications, minimum $45,000. excel­ lent benefits. application deadline: applications postmarked by october 1, 1989, will be given first consideration. review of applications will occur monthly thereafter until the position is filled. to apply, submit letter of application, resume, copies of under­ graduate and graduate transcripts, and names of three references to: sandra gilliland, assistant to the dean for personnel, the university of kansas libraries, lawrence, ks 66045-2800. an aa/eoe employer. assistant director for technical services, univer­ sity of florida. administers, coordinates, and provides leadership for the technical operations of the uf libraries and has line responsibility for acquisitions, cataloging, preservation, and sys­ tems; bears principle responsibility for technical services policies and goals, for coordination with collection management, public services, and administrative services divisions, and for relations with organizations providing major technical support to the librar­ ies. required: ala-accredited mls; diversified and increasingly responsible administrative experience, preferably in the technical operation of a large research library, sufficient to demonstrate administrative competence in the management of technical library operations; excellent human relations, conceptual, leadership, and communications skills; demonstrated technical competence; significant professional accomplishment relevant to the responsi­ bilities of the position. preferred: advanced academic preparation in addition to the mls. salary: negotiable depending upon qualifi­ cations, minimum $53,000 for 12 months. benefits: faculty status, 22 days vacation, tiaa/cref or other retirement options, no state or local income tax. send letter of application with resume and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 professional refer­ ences by october 6, 1989, to: lynn badger, library personnel officer, 211 library west, university of florida, gainesville, fl 32611. an aa/eeo employer. assistant director for technical services and collection management. reporting to the director of librar­ ies and serving on the libraries’ director's council, this position administers the technical services division, comprised of the acquisitions/serials unit and the bibliographic control unit (with 9 faculty and 38 classified staff positions), which is responsible for acquiring, cataloging, and preserving the collections of the librar­ ies in support of the university’s programs of teaching, research, and extension. the primary function of the position is to provide leadership in planning, implementing, and evaluating divisional operations and services in accordance with library and divisional goals and objectives. the assistant director serves as the princi­ pal liaison with the western library network (wln) and takes an active role in the development and enhancement of a locally developed integrated online system with online catalog, circula­ tion, and serials control components operation. (a local acquisition system is being developed.) required: ala-accredited mls or its foreign equivalent; progressively responsible technical services experience, including management or supervision of at least one technical services unit (e.g., acquisitions, serials, cataloging); experience with an online bibliographic utility. preferred: experi­ ence in an academic or research library; experience in local library automated systems; positive public relations experience; record of leadership in professional organizations; demonstrated verbal and written communications skills. rank: librarian 2 or above; tenure track status. salary: $35,088-$40,536, commensurate with quali­ fications and experience. tiaa/cref, broad insurance programs, 22 days vacation, 12 days/year sick leave. send letter of applica­ tion, resume, and names of three references to: donna l. mccool, assistant director for administrative services, libraries, wash­ ington state university, pullman, wa 99164-5610. application deadline is november 22, 1989. wsu is an eo/aa educator and employer. protected group members are encouraged to apply. assistant music librarian. responsibility for the original and copy cataloging of all music materials using oclc. assists with the development of cataloging policies and procedures. mls from ala-accredited library school required, undergraduate de­ gree in music, knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, and marc formats for music materials, bibliographic knowledge of french and german. familiarity with oclc and automated library procedures desirable. salary: minimum $26,500. send letter, resume, and three letters of recommendation by october 1, 1989, to: sarah ransom canino, music librarian, box 38, vassar college, poughkeepsie, ny 12601. aa/eoe. assistant schaffner librarian. the assistant schaffner librarian participates in all schaffner services, including user education, faculty liaison, reference, and new technological initia­ tives. also participates in materials selection and coordination of technical services. the position requires some evening hours and one day a week on the evanston campus coordinating schaffner activities with the university library. participates in a variety of public service functions: teaches in the library's course-related user education program, provides reference service (including two evenings a week until 7 p.m.), conducts cd-rom and online searches, and provides microcomputer consulting service. partici­ pates actively in the promotion of continuing innovation within associate dean of university libraries for library services arizona state university the arizona state university libraries are seeking candidates for the position of associate dean of university libraries for library services. the successful candidate will be responsible forthe leadership and management of access services, acquisitions, bibliographic records, first, government documents service, instructional & information services, interlibrary loan, original cataloging & special languages, reference service, library technology & systems, architecture & environmental design library, music library, and the noble science & engineering library. this library executive will be second in command in the university li­ braries and play a prominent role in overall library planning and policy formulation/execution. required qualifications: ala-accredited mls degree; successful administrative experi­ ence at the department head level or above in public or technical services in a university li­ brary; a record of progressively responsible experience in an academic/research library; dem­ onstrated leadership qualities; effective interpersonal and communication skills; successful supervisory experience; demonstrated ability to create, implement, and coordinate public or technical service programs in adiverse and complex environment; knowledge of latest trends in academic librarianship; experience with online systems and knowledge of emerging information technology; evidence of professional development, service, and participation in professional associations; must be able to qualify for continuing appointment and rank of associate librarian or above. preferred qualifications include successful leadership in both public and technical services. arizona state university and its libraries: asu’s mission is to continue development as a major research university and remain competitive with the best public universities in the na­ tion. toward that end, the libraries have experienced dynamic growth during the past few years. a science and engineering library was occupied in 1983, an $11.8 million addition to the main library was occupied in early 1989, a new architecture & environmental design library will be occupied in 1989, and the other libraries are being expanded/remodeled. the libraries enjoy an advanced online catalog that includes indexes to periodicals and specialized collections. a tandem-based carl system is used for the online catalog and circulation/ reserve systems; innovacq is used foracquisitions/serials control. membership is held in arl, carl, crl, amigos, oclc, and as an associate member of rlg. total library budget is about $10.5 million; 210 fte staff are employed in library services. asu, with 43,000 students, is the nation's 5th largest university and is located near phoenix, the nation's loth largest city. salary: $60,000 minimum, depending on qualifications. benefits: tiaa-cref, valic, or state retirement plan; annual paid leave of 22 days vacation, 12 days of sick leave, and 10 holidays; tuition reduction for employee and family at any of the three arizona universities. librarians serve on university governance committees and are eligible for continuing employment status (tenure) and sabbatical leave. recruitment will remain open until position is filled. to ensure consideration, applications should be received by october 18,1989. send letter of application, resume, supporting documents, and a list of four recent references to: donald e. riggs dean of university libraries arizona state university t empe az 85287-1006 phone:(602)965-3950 arizona state ■ k o t l_________ll l l _the h car ib f n or olin r a a stat r e ie un s ive rsity head textiles library responsibilities: under the direction of the assistant director for public services, has administrative responsibility tor the burlington textiles library. plans and develops programs in collection management and public services in support of one of the world's leading textiles programs. provides dynamic leadership in planning and implementing services that incorporate new technology in meeting textiles information needs. participates in college of textiles building project that features a new textiles library opening in 1990. is responsible for planning, budget, personnel, and facilities m anagem ent serves as a member of the libraries' middle management group, participates in the libraries' planning activities, and is expected to be active professionally. qualifications: required: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. substantial experience in a special or academic research library. subject degree or experience in a science/engineering library. substantive experience with online searching in chemistry and other textile-related subjects. effective interpersonal skills and some administrative and supervisory experience necessary. preferred: experience with the application of technology to the delivery of library services. knowledge of microcomputer applications. assistant librarian for monographic cataloging responsibilities: under the direction of the head of the monographic cataloging department, serves as one of a team of catalogers dedicated to achieving ambitious goals of cataloging quality and quantity in an online environment. catalogs print and nonprint materials in assigned subject areas. supervises one part-time support staff person who performs data entry. serves as the resource person for microcomputer applications within the department. participates in the libraries' planning activities, and is expected to be active professionally. qualifications: required: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. thorough understanding of aacr2, lcri, oclc cataloging subsystem and authority control files, and marc formats. reading ability in one or more foreign languages. ability to communicate clearly in both written and oral form. preferred: subject degree or background in the sciences/engineering area. knowledge of microcomputers and possible applications in a cataloging departm ent the university north carolina state university is located in raleigh within the research triangle. this region of north caro : li na contains one of the nation’s premier concentrations of academic, corporate, and public research. the area offers outstanding opportunities for professional growth and an exceptional quality of life. c s a a ta la lo r g y in g a : nd benefits: salary: head textiles: $31,000 $38,000; assistant librarian for monographic minimum -$21,100. librarians at ncsu have academic status without tenure or faculty rank. benefits include: 24 days vacation; health, dental, life, legal, and disability insurance; state retirem ent tuition waiver program for all 16 campuses of the university of north carolina available. to apply: the positions are available as of january 2, 1990. the review of applications will begin on october 1, 1989 and will continue until the position is filled. interested candidates should send a resume and the names and addresses of three current, confidential references to: chair, textiles librarian search committee or chair. assistant librarian for monographic cataloging search committee office of personnel services box 7111, ncsu libraries raleigh, nc 27695-7111 ncsu is an affirmative action/ equal opportunity employer 752/c 6-r l news schaffner and communicates that activity within the northwestern university library system and the profession at large. coordinates schaffner's library science student intern program. coordinates the library’s technical services activities. assists in the selection and maintenance of the library's collections. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; excellent communication skills and familiarity with microcomputers, online searching, and cd-rom technology. one to two years experience preferred. salary range: $21,000-$24,000 depending on qualifications. ap­ plications may be submitted to: ann smith, personnel manager, northwestern university library, 1935 sheridan road, evan­ ston, il 60208-2300. applications submitted before september 8, 1989 will receive primary consideration. eeo, aa employer. em­ ployment eligibility verification required upon hire. assistant special collections librarian, with faculty rank and tenure track. under the direction of the head, special collections and university archives, assume responsibility for providing and coordinating reference service, preparing access points to collections, preserving material in paper format, and assisting in the management of manuscript and book collections and their related records. mls from ala-accredited library school and training or experience in special collections and preservation required; training or experience cataloging with marc tagging, and providing reference service, as well as demonstrated ability to communicate effectively are highly desirable. good fringe bene­ fits. salary: $20,040 minimum, for 12 months. salary and rank dependent upon qualifications and experience. for full considera­ tion applications should be received by october 1, 1989; applica­ tions will continue to be considered until position is filled. send letter, resume, and names of three references to: edward r. johnson, university librarian, oklahoma state university, 204 edmon low library, stillwater, ok 74078-0375. aa/eo employer. successful applicant must comply with irca. assistant university librarian, boise state university (search reopened). responsibilities: coordinate administrative functions under direction of university librarian; supervise public service department heads; participate in collection development and other professional duties; assist in planning, policy develop­ ment, and budgeting. qualifications: mls; demonstrated ability to plan, manage, and supervise; seven years of professional library experience in academic or research libraries; direct provision of professional services and a minimum of five years in increasingly responsible managerial positions; knowledge of automation and networks— strong preference will be given to applicants with expe­ rience in directing the implementation of an automated system; oral and written communication skills; ability to foster constructive interpersonal relationships. minimum salary: $40,000. tenure track; rank dependent upon professional background. screening begins: november 1, 1989. starting date: mutually agreed upon. to apply: submit letter of application and detailed resume with the names, addresses, and phone numbers of at least three references in position to assess professional potential on the basis of direct observation or work. applicants should arrange for library school credentials to be forwarded to: timothy a. brown, university librarian, boise state university, boise, id 83725. eeo/aa employer. associate university librarian for collection development and management syracuse university library responsibilities: under the general direction of the university librarian, the associate university librarian for collection development and management administers, directs, and provides leadershipfor all collection development and preservation activities of the syracuse university library. has responsibility for collection development policy, allocation of materials budget, and selection decisions of bibliographers. directs the collection development activities of over 25 librarians and chairs the collection development committee. oversees the preservation unit of the library. develops close relationship with deans, depart­ ment chairs, and faculty. as a memberof the library administration, participates in planning, policy-making, budget and resource allocation, faculty and student relations, and in implementation and evaluation of programs. maintains close liaison with public service and technical service departments. represents the university library on regional and national committees in developing and implementing institutional and cooperative collection development and preservation programs. qualifications: an mls from an ala-accredited library school or equivalent. earned doctorate and/or second master’s degree preferred. substantial collection development and management experience in a large library and in-depth knowledge of current issues in collection development, acquisitions, and preser­ vation. demonstrated ability to lead library staff and work effectively with members of the academic community. effective written and oral communication skills. fund-raising experience highly desirable. salary: competitive and commensurate with experience and qualifications, minimum: $48,000. send letter of application, resume, and the names of three references to: search committee associate university librarian for collection development and management office of human resources syracuse university skytop offices syracuse, ny 13244-5300 applications received by october 1,1989, will receive first consideration. syracuse university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. september 1989 /753 chief access services department penn state university libraries academic administrative position responsible for services which provide access to library materials. administers lending services, interlibrary loan, microforms, periodicals, and photoduplication sections, which furnish circulation, reference, and interlibrary loan support forthe main campus at university parkand at dispersed campuses across the state; analyzes and plans for system-wide circulation and document delivery activities; coordinates access services with collection development programs; participates in planning related to resource sharing, library automation, collection preservation and security prog rams, and space utilization, including administration of and planning for storage facilities. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or equivalent; minimum of five years experience in an academic or research library system required, including some administrative and access service responsibilities; familiarity with integrated, online library systems (in particular circulation components), interlibrary loan poli­ cies and procedures and resource sharing programs, collection preservation and security matters, periodical and microform collection management and service issues; excellent analytical, planning, and communication skills. additional advanced degree desirable. promotion and tenure potential will be considered. the university libraries include a central collection and six subject libraries at university park and libraries at twenty campuses throughout the commonwealth. collections include over 3 million volumes, as well as extensive holding of maps, archival materials, microforms, and documents. serving approximately 67,000 students at all locations, with 35,000 enrolled at university park, the libraries participate in arl, oclc, rlg, and the pittsburgh regional library center. salary and academic rank dependent upon qualifications, minimum $40,000. benefits include: liberal vacation; excellent insurances; state or tiaa/cref retirement options; and educational privilege. to apply: send letter of application, current resume, and names of three references to: chief, access services search committee box asd penn state university e1 pattee library university park, pa 16802 application deadline: november 1,1989. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. assistant university librarian for technical and automated services, with faculty rank and tenure track. reporting to the university librarian, the assistant university librarian administers the acquisitions, cataloging, access serv­ ices, and automation departments. provides leadership in the development of a unique integrated library system— sails— being developed for osu by swets of amsterdam. serves on university librarian’s management team and participates in long range planning, resource allocation, and the formulation of goals, policies, and priorities for all areas of library services and collec­ tion management. provides guidance in the adoption of technol­ ogy, works in close cooperation with university computing center in development of library automation, and represents library at the state, regional, and national levels in the creation and expansion of cooperative networks and programs. mls from ala-accredited library school, substantial administrative experience in academic or research library, and strong interpersonal skills and effective skills in written and oral communication are required. competence in technical services and experience in the implementation of automated library programs highly desired. active participation in the library profession, demonstrated leadership abilities, the ca­ pacity to manage change, and a commitment to a style of manage­ ment which emphasizes consultation and the effective interrela­ tionship of the technical and public services also desired. good fringe benefits. salary: $42,000 minimum, for 12 months. salary and rank dependent upon qualifications and experience. for full consideration applications should be received by november 1, 1989; applications will continue to be considered until position is filled. send letter, resume, and names of three references to: edward r. johnson, university librarian, oklahoma state univer­ sity, 204 edmon low library, stillwater, ok 74078-0375. aa/eo employer. successful applicant must comply with irca. associate librarian ii, reference (search reopened). the university of maryland college park libraries invites nomina­ tions and applications for an associate librarian ii, reference position in the graduate library. responsibilities: provides assis­ tance in locating information or information sources; offers instruc­ tion in the use of library resources; searches machine-readable databases; maintains liaison with faculty; selects reference (and possibly general library) materials in law and criminology. serves as liaison to the coordinator for library instruction from mckeldin reference. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited program. one year professional library experience; demonstrated ability in effective oral and written communication; strong public service orientation; strong interest and demonstrated skills in library instruction; demonstrated familiarity with the literature of law and criminology; experience in searching online databases, espe­ cially lexis and related legal documents. preferred: supplemen­ tary familiarity with the literature of government and politics or anthropology. salary: $24,384-$34,342. salary commensurate with experience. excellent fringe benefits. for full consideration, submit resume and names/addresses of 3 references by october 2, 1989, to: marjorie simon, library personnel office, mckeldin library, university of maryland, college park, md 20742-7011. the university of maryland is an affirmative action, equal opportu­ nity employer. bibliographer. temple university libraries. reports to asso­ ciate director for collection development and public services. 754 / c &rl news dean, school of information and library science university of north carolina at chapel hill the university of north carolina at chapel hill invites applications and nominationsforthe position of dean of the school of information and library sci­ ence. the school offers a two-year master’s degree program leading to the msis or msls degree and a doctoral program leading to the ph.d. degree. the position will be available july 1,1990. the dean is the chief administrative officer of the school and reports to the provost of the university. the dean provides academic leadership, articu­ lates the mission of the school, recruits students and faculty, maintains a strong funding base, and facilitates research. the position is a tenured aca­ demic appointment. an applicant for this position should have adistin guished record of scholarly research and publica­ tion in information and library science or a related discipline, knowledge of information and library sci­ ence education, and a commitment to affirmative action and equal educational opportunity. competitive salary beginning at $85,000. send letter of application, detailed curriculum vitae, and names of references to: john s. reed chair, sils dean search committee institute for research in social sciences c/o cb #3000,104 south building university of north carolina chapel hill, nc 27599-3000 applications will be reviewed beginning septem­ ber 30 and the process will continue until the posi­ tion is filled. the university of north carolina at chapel hill is an affirmative action and equal opportunity employer. coordinates work of selectors in science, technology, and related areas; compiles and analyzes information for management of science and technology collections throughout the library system; contributes, together with humanities and social sciences bibliog­ raphers, to overall collection development budget allocation, plan­ ning, and policy decisions. develops and manages collections in biology, chemistry, earth sciences, mathematical sciences, and physics, including responsibility for faculty liaison, selection of materials in consultation with faculty committees, approval plan profiles, fund monitoring, and collection evaluations, with assis­ tance of staff in four departmental science libraries. participates substantially in science library instruction and reference service in cooperation with head of engineering & science libraries and coordinator of library instruction. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; minimum of three years' professional experience in aca­ demic and/or research library. experience in collection develop­ ment, broad knowledge of collection management principles and practice, familiarity with bibliographic networks and local library systems are required. experience in reference work and library instruction, reading knowledge of german are desirable. candi­ dates must provide evidence of leadership and planning abilities, excellent interpersonal skills, competence in oral and written communication, and ability to work effectively in a complex, con­ sultative environment. ability to combine collection development and service strategies to meet varied needs of science researchers and students is more important than education or experience in the sciences. library memberships include arl, crl, rlg. salary: minimum $25,000, depending on qualifications and experience. ten-month appointment; an additional month may be required for additional 9.6 percent of annual salary. liberal fringe benefits include health, dental, life insurance; tuition remission; tiaa cref. send letter addressing all qualifications stated above, with resume and names of three references to: fran l. hopkins, chair, search committee, c/o administrative services department, paley library 071-00, temple university, philadelphia, pa 19122. review of applications will begin in september 1989, and will continue until position is filled. an aa/eo employer. bibliographer/cataloguer, kierkegaard library. the kierkegaard library at st. olaf college seeks an experienced professional bibliographer/cataloguer with knowledge of philoso­ phy and/or scandinavian studies to carry out cataloguing of a 9,000-volume special collection during a 2-year period. position is funded by an neh grant beginning january 1990. the full-time position requires experience with lc cataloguing procedure, aacr2, and oclc practice. working knowledge of scandinavian (particularly danish), german, and classical languages essential. position involves original and some rare book cataloguing. profes­ sional must work closely with high-level paraprofessional working 1/2 time and with specialists in the field of kierkegaard studies. professional may also be responsible for supervising a clerical assistant if needed. applicants should be professional librarians with mls degree or have comparable qualifications and/or experi­ ence. knowledge of pre-1855 european publications in the areas of philosophy, history, theology, and classics essential. applicants must be able to plan work carefully to complete task in 2 years and to delegate work appropriately. salary and benefits dependent upon qualifications and experience. minimum salary: $30,000. apply before november 15, 1989 to: cynthia w. lund, acting curator, kierkegaard library, st. olaf college, northfield, mn 55057. bibliographer for the life sciences (search reo­ pened). the university of maryland college park libraries invites nominations and applications for a librarian i, bibliographer for the life sciences. responsibilities: provide direct support for campus curricula, teaching,and research by developing library collections in: animal sciences, botany, zoology, biology, and agricultural sciences. nature of collection development work includes: analy­ sis of collections for strengths and weaknesses; formulation and application of collecting policies; monitoring of expenditures; de­ veloping and maintaining close working relationships with faculty and other users, with the book trade world, and with other library employees; and coordinating collection management activities of selectors in allied disciplines. the umcp libraries is an arl member. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited program. graduate degree in one of the subject areas described above. working knowledge of one of the following languages: french, german, italian, russian, or spanish. experience: re­ quired: minimum three years professional library experience, pref­ erably in collection development. preferred: collection develop­ ment experience in arl library, including collection analysis, collection development policy formulation and application; work experience in dealing with the book trade; demonstrated ability to deal successfully with a broad range of library functions; ability to interact effectively with library staff and diverse clientele; and ability to communicate effectively in oral and written form. salary: $28,220-$39,405. salary commensurate with experience. excel­ lent fringe benefits. for full consideration, submit resume and names/addresses of 3 references by october 2,1989, to: marjorie simon, library personnel office, mckeldin library, university of maryland, college park, md 20742-7011. the university of mary­ land is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. catalog librarian i (search extended). unique opportunity to participate in major new building and automation project. responseptember 1989 / 755 homer babbidge library the university o f connecticut th e university o f c on necticu t libraries hold the m ost com preh en sive and extensive pu blicly supported research colle ctio n s in c on n ecticu t. th e h om er b abbidge library, the central library in the system , has reorganized its pu blic and technical se rv ice d iv ision s within the iasi year, creating a num ber o f new and excitin g opportunities fo r librarians w h o aspire to leadership positions. t h e c o lle c t io n s d e v e lo p m e n t d epa rtm en t has tw o searching, an 18station c d -r o m unit, and oth er uses bibliographer positions available for individuals to manage o f digital inform ation. r esponsibilities include d e v e lo p ­ colle ctio n activities o f the deparm cnt and to coordinate ment and im plem entation o f p o lic y and p rogram , staff the w ork o f other selectors outside the department. training, prom otion and evaluation o f services, budgeting social sciences and accou nting, as w ell as evaluation o f sta ff and par­ bibliographer ticipation in the full range o f departm ental activities. qualified candidates must have exceptional teaching skills. sciences bibliographer reporting to the department head, the bibliographers c o o r ­ dinate c o lle c tio n dev e lo p m e n t activities in the s ocial coordinator for sciences and sciences for the general collection. respon­ instructional services sibilities w ill include long-range p o lic y and procedu re planning, direction, and evaluation o f activities o f sub­ t h e c o o rd in a to r fo r instructional s e rv ice s p r o v id e s ject selectors, selection o f materials in all form ats, as well leadership fo r the d epartm ent’ s orientation and instruc as liaison with academ ic departments and participation tional program s. r esponsibilities include developm ent and im plem entation o f p o licy and program s, staff train­in the direct service program o f the research & in for­ ing, p rom otion and evaluation o f services, oversight o f mation s erv ices department. dep a rtm en ta l p u b lic a tio n s , in c lu d in g p r o d u c tio n o f q ualified candidates must have an a l a accredited m l s audio/visual and c a i products. th e ch osen individual us w ell as substantive ex p erien ce in s ocial s cien ce or w h o w ill have a form al role in the evaluation o f staff, s cien ce colle ctio n dev elop m en t in an academ ic research should also possess exceptional teaching skills. library a subject background in one or m ore o f the social s cien ces o r s cie n ccs in addition to dem onstrated ability both o f these positions require an a l a accredited m l s to orga n ize and direct the w o rk o f others is essential. and 5 years o f professional, directly relevant experience, preferred candidates will have a w ork in g k n ow led ge o f preferably in a large research library. a ls o required is o n e o r m ore m od ern fo re ig n languages, an advanced the proven ability to organize and coordinate the w ork degree in a relevant subject area, experience in providing o f others, excellent written and oral com m unication skills, reference services in a research library and som e familiar­ effective interpersonal skills, and the ability to work within ity with the selection o f materials in non-print media. a diverse environm ent. preferred candidates will have an advanced degree in ad­t h e r esearch & inform ation s erv ices department has dition to the m l s and reading k n ow led g e o f a m odern tw o c oord in a tor positions available to manage the day foreign language. other skills appropriate to the position to-day operations o f the department. coordinator for such as ex p erien ce with editing, design and production o f printed, a ud io/visual, o r com pu ter m edia are prefer­ computer-based red as is experience with com puter programm ing, telecom ­ information services m unications, o r statistical o r full-texl data files. th e ch osen individual w ill prov ide leadership for pro grams within the department including o n -lin e database rank and salary fo r all fou r positions are dependent upon qualifications and exp erien ce. initial appointment is e x ­ pected to be at the u niversity librarian iii level, with a beginning salary in the high $ 3 0 ’ s. t h e university o ffe rs a gen erous and com preh en siv e program o f benefits including blue c ross/b lu e s h ie ld /m a jo r m ed ica l, 22 vacation days, 12 holidays and t i a a /c r e f . send resum e and c o v e r letter addressing qualifications fo r the position being sought to: n ancy k line, adm inistrative o ffic e s , h om er b abbidge library, u -5 a , university o f c on n ecticu t, storrs, c t 0 6 2 6 9 -1 0 0 5 . a pplications received by septem ber 2 2 ,1 9 8 9 w ill be given preferen ce in screening. a a /e o e . (search # s 9 a 2 9 3 ,9 a 2 9 4 .9 a 2 9 5 .9 a 2 9 6 .) ; t h e a university of ^connecticut 756/cb-rl news director of academic library services east carolina university the university invites applications and nominations for director of academic library services. ecu, with 16,000 students in ten professional schools, a college of arts and sciences, and a school of medicine, is the third largest of the 16 institutions of the university of north carolina. located in greenville, nc, a rapidly growing community 90 miles from raleigh, durham, and research triangle park, ecu is the primary educational resource for the eastern region of the state. academic library services includes joyner library and the music library and has almost 900,000 volumes, overone million microforms, a staff of 86 including 30 professionals, solinet membership, and online catalog and automated circulation utilizing ls/2000. responsibilities: serve as senior administrative officer with faculty rank; report directly to the vice chancellor for academic affairs; serve on the council of academic deans; assume primary responsibility for all library operations, which will include a major role in planning a proposed 24.5 million dollar addition to the current library. twelve-month appointment. salary competitive; minimum $60,000. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; earned doctorate or equivalent in education and experience; progressively responsible experience in academic or research libraries; demonstrated record of profes­ sional and scholarly activity; demonstrated leadership ability; superior communication skills; commitment to service, participatory management, and shared governance. screening of applications will begin on november 1,1989, and applications will be accepted until position is filled. send a letter summarizing qualifications, curriculum vitae, and names of at least three references to: helen grove chair, search committee for director of academic library services joyner library, room 110 east carolina university greenville, nc 27858-4353 proper documentation of identity and employability as well as official transcripts are required at the time of employment. east carolina university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer and, as such, encourages applications from women, blacks, and other minorities. sible for original cataloging in all formats in wln-based technical services unit. required: ala-accredited mls, knowledge of aacr2, marc, lc classification, and lcsh. previous profes­ sional experience, familiarity with wln or other utility, foreign language skills, additional graduate degree, desirable but not mandatory. this is a 12-month, tenure-track faculty appointment. minimum salary $21,000 plus liberal faculty benefits including relocation assistance. review of applications begins september 20, 1989. send letter of application and resume, plus names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 current references to: eileen bell-garrison, head of technical services, crosby library, gonzaga university, spokane, wa 99258. cataloger. three-year position, beginning january 1, 1990, with possible three-year renewal. performs original cataloging and cataloging with copy, using oclc. catalog maintenance, includ­ ing authority work, using ls/2000. some reference duties. partici­ pates, with head of catalog section, in formulation of catalog policies and procedures. qualifications: mls, 2 years cataloging experience, working knowledge of aacr2, oclc, lc classifica­ tion and subject headings; ability to catalog foreign language materials. salary: up to $25,000, tiaa/cref and usual fringe benefits. send resume and names of three references by october 23, 1989, to: willis e. bridegam, librarian, amherst college, amherst, ma 01002. eoe, aa, m/f/h. cataloger, cornell university, 50% art/arch, 50% soc sci/ humanities. responsible for descriptive and subject cataloging using aacr2, lcsh, and lc classification, and for authority work. cataloging done on notis system with planned upload to rlin. qualifications required: mls; 3 years cataloging experience us­ ing aacr2, lcsh, marc formats, automated systems (rlin, notis preferred); one western european language (working knowledge of other languages desirable); evidence of professional commitment; and good interpersonal skills. subject background in fine arts highly desirable. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience (minimum $23,000). applications due september 30, 1989. send cover letter, resume, and names and addresses of 3 references to: a. dyckman, director of personnel, cu libraries, 201 olin library, cornell university, ithaca, ny 14853. cornell is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cataloger, assistant librarian, monograph cataloging divi­ sion, university of michigan. responsibilities: perform original cataloging in accordance with standards for western language materials. primary responsibility for the implementation of medical subject headings (mesh) cataloging, providing mesh subject headings for all incoming materials for the health science cluster libraries and for other libraries in selected library of congress classification ranges. responsible for maintaining the mesh au­ thority file and for identifying mechanisms for supplying mesh headings to selected recon. materials. supervise and train pre­ catalog searchers and student assistants. assist in training and revising the work of original catalogers. required: accredited mls. knowledge of at least two western european languages. strong communication skills and ability to work with staff. good problem­ solving skills, and ability to make decisions and exercise good judgment. desired: undergraduate degree in biological sciences, experience with medline, or previous science library experience. previous cataloging experience. minimum salary of $25,000 de­ september 1989 / 757 pendent on previous relevant experience. applications received by september 30, 1989, will be given first consideration. apply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library personnel and payroll services, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, michigan 48109-1205. the university of michigan is a non-dis criminatory, affirmative action employer. cataloger/bibliographer of special collections. museum of comparative zoology library. harvard university. cataloging and bibliographic description of rare books and archival materials of all periods and in a variety of languages. maintains security and access to the collections and participates in the provision of reference services. qualifications include mls; 2 years of experience with descriptive cataloging (preferably of rare books) utilizing lc/oclc, aacr2; reading knowledge of 2 west­ ern european languages and latin. history of science back­ ground, familiarity with mcintosh pc, interpersonal skills, and the ability to work independently desired. anticipated hiring salary: high $20s to low $30s, depending on experience. send letter and resume to: susan lee, associate librarian for personnel, harvard university, widener 98, cambridge, ma 02138. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cataloger, law library. this position is primarily respon­ sible for original and copy cataloging of monographs and serials for the anglo-american and east asian collections in the law school library. materials are in english, chinese, and japanese. the incumbent will also supervise two support staff copy catalogers working in english, chinese, and japanese. in addition to an accredited mls, requirements are: working knowledge of either chinese or japanese; aptitude for analytical and detail work; and working knowledge of automated cataloging systems as demon­ strated through previous experience and/or superior performance in formal courses in cataloging and automation. salary ranges are: librarian i: $25,000-$32,500; librarian ii: $27,000-$36,450; li­ brarian iii: $30,000-$43,500. excellent benefits include tuition ex­ emption for self and family and assistance with university housing. submit resume, listing names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: kathleen wiltshire, director of personnel, box 35 butler library, columbia university, 535 west 114th street, new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is september 30, 1989. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. cataloger (monographs). duties: under the general direc­ tion of the head of cataloging, this beginning position performs original cataloging of monographs in several subjects, including science and technology and in a variety of languages in both book and non-book format; assists in daily revision of public catalog files and works on other general assignments. this position is governed by the university’s policies for research or creative achievement and professional service as outlined by the faculty handbook. qualifications: required: mls from ala-accredited library school; bibliographic knowledge of european languages; evidence of research and publication. desirable: broad educational back­ ground, including coursework in sciences, mathematics, or tech­ nology; familiarity with automated cataloging systems; knowledge of lc classification and subject headings, aacr2, and marc formats, knowledge of russian; second master’s degree. first screening date: october 16, 1989. search will remain open until filled. salary: $28,966 (minimum). benefits: tiaa/cref; state retirement system; comprehensive medical protection; 21 days vacation; university holidays; generous sick leave. university libraries: a member of the research libraries group and arl, the university library consists of a main library and six branches. the collection contains more than 2.2 million volumes, 17,000 periodi­ cal subscriptions, and three outstanding special collections in history of science, western history, and business history. a major expansion of the main library was completed in may 1982, doubling the size of library facilities. the libraries possesses an ls2 automated circulation system and is heavily involved in other automation activities. employment: librarians have faculty status, privileges, responsibilities, rank of assistant professor or above, and are eligible for tenure. application: send letter of application with resume and the names of three references including current supervisor, to: donald c. hudson, manager, administrative serv­ ices, university libraries, university of oklahoma, norman, ok 73019. university of oklahoma is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. circulation services librarian. reopened position. tenure-track, 12-month position in a 750,000-volume library serv­ ing a multi-ethnic university population of 12,000 in the san francisco bay area. responsibilities: circulation desk and reserve book room; automated circulation system operation; stack mainte­ nance; physical access and collection security; analysis of collec­ tion use data. participation in implementation of integrated online public access catalog including circulation and reserve modules. required: ala-accredited mls; experience in working with an ethnically diverse student body; demonstrated ability to communi­ cate effectively both orally and in writing; demonstrated profes­ sional commitment. progressive professional and/or scholarly development required tor promotion and tenure. includes evening and weekend duty. minimum of three years professional experi­ ence preferably in an academic library, with a minimum of two years in circulation or access services in a library which utilizes an online system. demonstrated interpersonal and management skills; strong commitment to service. senior assistant or associate librarian rank, depending upon experience and qualifications ($33,168-$50,472). to be assured consideration applications must be received by october 30, 1989. send letter of application, including complete resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references to: melissa rose, library director, cali­ fornia state university, hayward, hayward, ca 94542. applica­ tions from women and minorities welcome. aa/eoe. position #89­ 90 cslib(tt) 1. collection development librarian. northern michigan university is a state university of 8,000 students and 900 employ­ ees serving michigan's upper peninsula and located on the shore of lake superior. olson library contains over 450,000 volumes, subscribes to over 2,900 serials, and houses both a-v and deposi­ tory documents collections. this position is responsible for imple­ menting, monitoring, coordinating, and evaluating the collection development program, which encompasses print materials, both monographic and serial, and non-print materials. materials selec­ tion duties include management of an approval plan. reports to the director of the library. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; at least two years substantial collection development experience in an academic library; thorough knowledge of trends and issues in academic collection development and book selection; effective oral and written communication skills; ability to work effectively with faculty, students, and colleagues; skill in analyzing and interpreting statistical data; familiarity with automated library sys­ tems desirable; second master's degree highly desirable. faculty status, tenure-track. salary: $28,674 minimum; depends upon experience and qualifications. submit nominations or letter of application with resume, three letters of recommendation, copies of credentials and transcripts to: director's office, olson library, northern michigan university, marquette, ml 49855-5376. appli­ cation review will begin after: october 15, 1989. starting date: december 1, 1989. an aa/eo employer. collection services librarian, boston college law li­ brary. requirements: mls from ala-accredited school. previous professional experience with circulation, automation, or supervi­ sion desired. knowledge of legal literature helpful. duties: directs and supervises activities relating to circulation, stack, and collec­ tion maintenance. hires, trains, supervises, and evaluates full-time and student circulation staff. charged with immediate implementa­ tion of notis automated circulation module in conjunction with the adoption of an integrated system for all library functions. repre­ sents law library on appropriate university library committees. assists in long-range planning and implementation of collection sen/ices policies and procedures. opportunity for reference duties. reports to public services librarian. available: immediately. sal­ ary: $25,000-$32,000 per year, commensurate with education and experience. send resumes to: anita ulloa, personnel officer, department of human resources, boston college, chestnut hill, ma 02167. boston college is an affirmative action employer. the university also offers competitive salary and comprehensive bene­ fits. computer reference services librarian. northern michigan university is a state university of 8,000 students and 900 employees serving michigan’s upper peninsula and located on the shore of lake superior. olson library contains over 450,000 vol­ umes, subscribes to over 2,900 serials, and houses both a-v and depository documents collections. the computer reference serv­ ices librarian provides and coordinates the library's computer based reference services and microcomputer support services, gives direct assistance to patrons seeking information, and 758/ c irrl news director of libraries university of north dakota #9-211. applications and nominations are invited forthe position of director of libraries. the director reports to the vice presidentfor academic affairs, is a member of the university senate, and works with the advice of the university library committee in the administration and management of facilities which together comprise the largest library in the state. the main facility is 154,000 square feet. annual library budget: $1,725,000. staff: 36 fte full-time, 22 fte part-time, and student. the university hosts the statewide library automation system (pals based), is a member of minitex, and is an eric and a (joint) government document depository. und is a research university with over 11,000 undergraduate, graduate, and professional school students pursuing academic programs in 130 fields. founded in 1883, it is located on a 500-acre campus, in grand forks— a city of approximately 50,000 people on the eastern boundary of the state— and employs over 2,000 faculty and staff. qualifications: master’s degree from an ala accredited program, plus substantial managerial experience in an academic/research library, with at least seven years of progressively more respon sible professional library experience including five years of supervision and administration, required. additional earned advanced degree preferred. demonstrated expertise in collection development strategic planning, personnel and fiscal manage­ ment, information technology, and facilities planning sought. proven ability to function in a university research environment, and to lead state/regional cooperative activities, essential. start january 1990. closing date: august 20: 1989, or as soon thereafter as asuitable pool exists. minimum salary: $48,000 and includes tiaa/cref and health coverage among fringe benefits. position description available through, or nomi­ nate/apply to: library director search and screen committee c/o assistant director diane nelson department of personnel services the university of north dakota p. 0. box 8010, university station grand forks, nd 58202-8010 the university of north dakota is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. teaches them how to use library resources. qualifications: mas­ ter's degree from an ala-accredited library school; facility with microcomputers and software; experience with database search­ ing; knowledge of latest developments in computer reference services; ability to integrate automated and traditional reference services; ability to work effectively with faculty, students and colleagues; effective oral and written communication skills; a second master's degree in a subject area desirable. salary: $28,674 minimum, depending upon experience and qualifications. faculty status, tenure-track. submit nominations or letter of appli­ cation with resume, three letters of recommendation, and copies of credentials and transcripts to: director's office, olson library, northern michigan university, marquette, ml 49855-5376. appli­ cation review will begin after: october 15, 1989. starting date: december 1, 1989. an aa/eo employer. computer search coordinator/reference librar­ ian, assistant professor (tenure-leading), central reference services department starting january 1, 1990. 1) serve as the senior coordinator and provide innovative leadership for the com­ puter search services of the university libraries, which includes the administration, budget oversight, coordination with other library departments and, with the assistant coordinator for the branch services department, outreach, training, planning, and develop­ ment. 2) serve on the reference/information desk. 3) assist in the management of the reference/information desk. 4) perform data­ base searching in the humanities and social sciences. 5) may have collection development/subject liaison responsibilities. mls from an ala-accredited library school; minimum one year professional public service; strong interpersonal skills; demonstrated oral and written communication skills; experience in reference service; experience in online searching. preferred: graduate degree in the humanities or social sciences; general knowledge of budget management; reading knowledge of one or more foreign lan­ guages; demonstrated supervisory/management skills or experi­ ence. $22,000 minimum for a 12-month contract. salary may be higher depending upon the qualifications of the successful appli­ cant. apply with full resume plus names and current addresses and telephone numbers of three references by october 15, 1989, to: kent hendrickson, dean of libraries, 106 love library, university of nebraska-lincoln, lincoln, nebraska 68588-0410. an affirma­ tive action, equal opportunity employer. computerized reference services librarian and reference librarian/entry level (2 tenure-track positions). california state university, dominguez hills is seeking to appoint library faculty effective january 1, 1990. reappointment, promo­ tion, and tenure require evidence of continuing professional devel­ opment. 1) computerized reference services librarian, assistant professor or associate professor, dependent on experience and qualifications. annual salary is $33,168-$58,164. responsibili­ ties: general reference, computerized reference services coordina­ tion, bibliographic instruction, and collection development. qualifi­ cations: ala-mls, 2 years academic reference experience, 2 years online searching, microcomputer, and bibliographic instruc­ tion experience required. knowledge of business, law, education, social sciences, or sciences desirable. 2) reference librarian/ e n try le ve l, a s s is ta n t p ro fe s s o r. a nnual s a la ry is $33,168-$45,960. responsibilities: general reference, biblio­ graphic instruction (may include teaching of library skills course), online searching, and collection development. qualifications: ala-mls, strong public service commitment, and teaching skills required. relevant library experience and database searching knowledge desirable. knowledge of business, education, law, social sciences, or sciences desirable. excellent benefits. submit letter, resume, and 3 recent references to: betty j. blackman, dean, university library, california state university, dominguez hills at carson, ca 90747. deadline: application review begins october 30,1989. search will remain open until positions are filled. csu/dominguez hills is an urban, comprehensive university with a highly pluralistic student body and many working adult students. equal opportunity, affirmative action, section 504, title ix em­ ployer. coordinator for learning resources center (lrc), clark county community college, henderson campus. responsi­ bilities: supervise daily operations, activities, and services of the henderson lrc; monitor public services and audio/visual re­ quests; coordinate policies, procedures, and long-range planning through the director of lrc. in cooperation with the lrc staff maintain open communication with system, state, and public libraries and college divisions; monitor inventory and maintain statistical records; assist the director with hiring, orientation, and evaluation of staff; maintain close communication with campus faculty to determine library and audio visual needs and require­ ments; sen/e on committees as required. qualifications: master's september 1989/759 degree in library science from an ala-accredited institution. at least five years experience in a college library, three of which have been in the supervision of library and audio/visual services. dem­ onstrated ability to work cooperatively with other personnel in the system, willingness to work both day and evening hours as re­ quired, and understanding of community college philosophy and purpose. application procedure: letter of application, current res­ ume, names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references should be forwarded to: personnel office, c1a, clark county community college, 3200 e. cheyenne ave., n. las vegas, nv 89030. salary range: $29,000-$35,000 and liberal fringe benefits package. deadline for application: september 20, 1989. target date for employment: november 1, 1989. aa/eeo. coordinator of bibliographic instruction. respon­ sible for the coordination of the bibliographic instruction depart­ ment. the department consists of four subject specialist librarians, 2 teaching assistants, and one support person. in addition to managing the department, the position includes teaching biblio­ graphic instruction classes, reference desk service, collection development, and database agate searching. reports to the assis­ tant director, bibliographic instruction and reference. the biblio­ graphic instruction departm ent works closely with the reference department. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, an additional graduate degree in social sciences or humanities, 3 years aca­ demic library experience with at least 2 years including biblio­ graphic instruction. administrative experience preferred. the uni­ versity of toledo is a growing state university with an enrollm ent of 24,000 in 8 colleges offering graduate degrees including the doctorate. the library is currently im plementing the notis system. toledo is a dynamic city which provides a wide variety of cultural and educational resources. faculty status; 12-month contract; liberal fringe benefits. salary $30,000. applications accepted until the position is filled. send letter of application, resume, and the names of 3 references to: sharon l. bostick, search committee chairperson, carlson library, the university of toledo, toledo, oh 43606. the university of toledo is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. coordinator of media collections, rhode island school of design. responsibilities: adm inister collections of c.500,000 items, including slides, pictures, photographs, vide­ otapes, and sound recordings; supervise 3 fte staff plus students; work with other departm ent heads in library to provide service to dynamic and active art school community, including museum. qualifications: background in art, architecture, design; master's degree, preferably in library science; three years administrative and supervisory experience in visual resource collection manage­ ment; knowledge of automation of visual collections desirable. salary: mid-$20s minimum, excellent benefits. send letter of appli­ cation, resume, and names of three references by october 20, 1989, to: carol terry, director of library services, rhode island school of design, 2 college street, providence, rl 02903. e/o employer. coordinator of public services. position description: the library has four organizational divisions, each headed by a coordinator. coordinators are responsible to the library director for the administration and coordination of divisional activities in accor­ dance with the goals and mission of the library and for fostering the cooperative pursuit of library goals among divisions. the public services division comprises the service units of: circulation/re­ serve, interlibrary loan, information services (primarily online data­ base searching, bibliographic instruction, reference service, and reference collection development), and special collections (re­ gional history and archives). the coordinator also serves as an information services librarian with responsibilities for performing the unit’s primary functions. divisional personnel, in addition to the coordinator, include five library faculty, three classified staff, and eight fte student assistants. librarians from other divisions also provide reference desk service and specialized bibliographic in­ struction. responsibilities will change somewhat when new build­ ing is occupied. qualifications: required: master’s degree from program accredited by the american library association. five years applicable experience as public services librarian providing information services as defined above. applicable supervisory experience. proficient written and oral communication skills. inter­ personal skills necessary to work collegially with the library faculty and cooperatively with the library staff and the university and public communities. personal and managerial comm itm ent to professional and staff development. understanding of the service role of the library and of the division in a complex, comprehensive state university. knowledge of and commitment to automated information services. preferred: second master's degree, demon­ strated collegial m anagement style, understanding of the respondocumentation and training librarian penn state university libraries facu ity position with academic rank for an expe­ rienced cataloger who wants broad responsibility in an innovative department. under the leadership of the catalog department chief, has responsibility for developing and maintaining training programs for cataloging and acquisitions department staff, and for cataloging operations distributed among public service units. provides liaison with librarians and senior staff in documenting cataloging policy and practice, and helps ensure quality control of the lias database through management of training programs, through consideration of impact of data­ base maintenance projects, and through coordina­ tor of decentralized cataloging operations with the libraries. the documentation and training librar­ ian would share in the regular cataloging workload of the department as time permits. the department catalogs over 30,000 titles annually using lias, the penn state-developed online system, which also supports online public access and inventory control. penn state utilizes and contributes to both the rlin and oclc databases. qualifications: ala-accredited mls or equiva­ lent; minimum two years monographic cataloging experience with extensive knowledge of marc tagging and aacr2; experience with other biblio­ graphic formats helpful. knowledge of at least one foreign language required. prior experience with training and/or documentation very desirable. po­ tential for promotion and tenure will be considered. salary and rank dependent upon qualifications, minimum $27,000. benefits include: liberal vaca­ tion; excellent insurances; state or tiaa/cref retirement options; and educational privilege. to apply, send letter of application, current res­ ume, and names of three references to: head, search committee box dt penn state university e1 pattee library university park, pa 16802 applications will be reviewed beginning october 15,1989, and continuing until suitable candidates are identified. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women and minorities encouraged to apply. 760/c & r l news sibilities and demands of faculty status for library faculty, and experience with library automation. appointment: position is per­ manent, tenure-leading, with faculty status and rank. librarians are expected to meet tenure and promotion requirements of the library faculty. tenure is as library faculty, not coordinator. conditions are: 12-month contract, 24 days annual leave, 11 university holi­ days, 12 sick days, health/life insurance package with 80 percent paid by the university, retirement program choice of tiaa/cref or state system (both entirely paid by the university annual rate approximately 10 percent of salary). better than average funding and support for professional development. salary is $24,500, slightly more depending on experience. university: tennessee technological university is a state-supported institution within the state university and community college systems of tennessee. tech has approximately 7,000 full-time students and 350 full-time faculty. the library has begun implementation of the atlas system of data research associates and will occupy a new building in june 1989. application procedure: the position is open and will be filled as quickly as possible. screening of applicants will begin october 1, 1989. position will remain open until filled. applicants must submit: letter of application, resume, transcripts for all college credit (unofficial copies of transcripts are acceptable for initial application), and three current letters of reference. incom­ plete applications cannot be considered. mail to: coordinator search committee, tennessee technological university, li­ brary box 5066, cookeville, tn 38505. minorities are encouraged to apply and to identify themselves for affirmative action programs. an aa/eeo employer. director of library services. north georgia college. twelve-month position available january 2, 1990. master’s of library science from ala-accredited school (doctorate preferred) with five years experience in an academic library. the 120,000 volume facility employs five professional and six support staff and thirty student assistants. salary range: $30,000-$40,000. send vita with transcripts and three letters of reference by september 25, 1989, to: personnel office, attn: library position, north georgia college, dahlonega, ga 30597. aa/eoe. director of mcgrath library, hilbert college. hilbert college, located in hamburg, new york, seeks a highly enthusias­ tic and motivated director of mcgrath library. the director is responsible for implementing and administering library and learn­ ing resources programs and services which serve a diverse stu­ dent and faculty body; manages technical and public services; plans and coordinates development of library collections; partici­ pates in regular library duties and coordinates the expansion and development of library technologies as well as recommends and develops new programs and services. required: mls from an ala-accredited program, 3-5 years experience in academic librardocuments librarian/social science cataloger penn state university libraries penn state university libraries invites applications for the position of documents librarian/social science cataloger. we seek a creative, flexible individual who shares our enthusiasm for the concept of integrated public and technical service functions. this is a faculty position with academic rank at the university park campus library. public service aspects of this position involve a wide range of reference and instructional responsibilities in the areas of federal, international, state, and local documents, maps, law, and political science, and with special focus on the development of state and local documents collections and coordinating cd-rom services in documents. technical service aspects include acting as liaison between public and technical service staff in matters of bibliographic control and training of the documents/maps processing staff, original cataloging in the social sciences and other cataloging duties, and establishment of bibliographic policies and priorities for the assigned subject field. the penn state university libraries include collections of over 3 million volumes, 25,000 current serials and extensive holdings of maps, microforms, and computer-based information sources. penn state is a selective depository as well as a patent depository. the libraries have an integrated automated system (lias) and participate in arl, rlg, oclc, and the pittsburgh regional library center. qualifications: requires ala-accredited mls or equivalent; facility with at least one western european language; experience with government documents in an academic or research library, with consideration given to significant pre-professional library experience. prefer academic background in a social science; knowledge of aacr2 and marc tagging; experience working with a national utility or local automated system in the cataloging of library materials. evidence of potential for promotion and tenure will be considered. salary and rank dependent on qualifications, minimum $27,000. benefits include liberal vacation; excel­ lent insurances; state or tiaa/cref retirement options; and educational privileges. to apply, send letter of application, resume, and names of three references to: nancy slaybaugh personnel coordinator e1 pattee library penn state university university park, pa 16802 applications will be reviewed beginning october 15 and continuing until the position is filled. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. september 1989/761 four catalog librarian positions the university of alabama libraries monographs catalog librarian— instructor level (new position). r esponsibilities: to provide, under the supervision of the head, monographs department, general original cataloging and editing of oclc copy for monographs in the main and departmental libraries. to assist with the formulation and review of policies and procedures in the department, and with conducting graduate school of library service internships. q ualifications: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; knowledge of aacr2, library of congress classification, lcsh, and relevant marc formats; ability to work effectively with others. desired: experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility; cataloging experience, preferably in an academic research library; coursework, undergraduate, or graduate degree in business or the sciences; experience with notis; knowledge of one or more modern european languages. special collections catalog librarian— assistant professor level (new position). responsibilities.‘to provide, underthe direction of the head, monographs department, original catalog­ ing of monographs, pamphlets, manuscripts, photographs, and other non-book materials, with the exception of music scores and music sound recordings. to supervise copy cataloging, catalog mainte­ nance, and stacks preparation of special collections materials. to maintain an awareness of bibliographic access needs of special collections, and serve as liaison between special collections and the cataloging department, and to be responsive to the priorities set by the assistant dean for special collections qualifications: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; successful professional cataloging experience, preferably with special collections materials in an academic research library; knowledge of aacr2, library of congress classification, lcsh, and relevant marc formats; ability to work effectively with others. desired: undergraduate or graduate degree in history; knowledge of alabama and southern history; experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility; experience with notis. serials catalog librarian— instructor level; serials catalog librarian— assistant professor level (new position). r esponsibilities :to provide, underthe supervision of the head, serials department, original cataloging and editing of oclc copy for serials in the main and departmental libraries. to assist with the formulation and review of policies and procedures in the department. qualifications: instructor: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; knowledge of aacr2; library of congress classification, lcsh, and relevant marc formats; ability to work effectively with others. desired: experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility; cataloging experience, preferably in an aca­ demic research library; experience with notis; knowledge of one or more modern european language qualifications— assistant professor: required: an mls from a program accredited by ala; successful professional serials cataloging experience, preferably in an academic research library; knowledge of aacr2, library of congress classification, lcsh, and relevant marc formats; ability to work effectively with others. desired: experience with oclc or other bibliographic utility; experience with notis; knowledge of one or more modem european languages. salaries: appointments at the instructor level will be with a beginning salary of $19,500. assistant professor level $23,500 minimum. the university of alabama is a member of arl, oclc, and crl, and is currently converting to the notis system. to apply. applicants are invited to apply for one or more positions depending upon credentials and interests. send letter of application, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: sondra tucker libraries personnel officer the university of alabama catalog librarian searches p. 0. box 870266 t uscaloosa, al 35487-0266 by the application deadline of october 6,1989. the university of alabama is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 762/ c ^ r l news ies or related information agencies, supervisory experience, ability to communicate effectively, and to interpret and promote the library to the campus community. salary: mid to high $20s. to apply send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references to: g. charles newman, c/o president's office, hilbert college, 5200 south park avenue, hamburg, new york 14075. applications are due by september 15, 1989, or until position is filled. hilbert college is an aa, eeo employer. qualified women, minorities, and handicapped persons are encouraged to apply. electronic information services librarian (search extended). under direction of associate director, provides overall development of electronic information services in cooperation with reference unit and other units. primary duties: sets up and main­ tains local information databases (doris), cd-roms and vended services such as brs/after dark, knowledge index, and other electronic information systems. major duties related to doris: maintains screen and files specifications, manages load of citation databases and full text, develops access to computer center data files and transfers bibliographic information into doris, serves as a liaison with division of administrative programming services on doris, solicits new files to add to doris, and develops new programs related to database establishment and access. qualifi­ cations: ala-accredited mls required. preferred: experience with online searching techniques and reference services; knowledge of database environment, preferably experience with brs search; excellent writing and teaching skills. computer science degree or background desirable. faculty status, retirement plans including s.c. and tiaa-cref, various medical plans, dental plan, liberal leave. salary range: $25,000 minimum depending on qualifica­ tions. clemson university libraries has a collection of 13,500 serial titles and 1,500,000 volumes and uses notis. the univer­ sity, south carolina’s land grant institution, is located in the foothills of the blue ridge mountains, 30 miles from greenville, s.c. and within 2 hours driving time from atlanta, ga. candidates applying by september 30, 1989, will receive first consideration. send letter of application with resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references to: peggy cover, chair, elec­ tronic information service librarian search committee, r. m. cooper library, clemson university, clemson, sc 29634-3001. eeo/aa employer. engineering and computational sciences librar­ ian. new position in a landgrant university library serving 8,500 undergraduates, 1,000 graduate students, and 700 faculty. under the direction of the assistant director for collections management and reference services, responsible for liaison with college of engineering and architecture and departments of computer sci­ ence and operations research, mathematics and statistics, and possibly others as assigned. duties include collection develop­ ment in assigned areas, general reference work in the main library, library instruction, and online database searching. additional tasks may be assigned in accordance with individual professional strengths and interests. minimum qualifications: graduate degree from an ala-accredited school; background in engineering, com­ putational sciences, mathematics, or related area, including online database searching experience; effective oral and written commu­ nication skills; ability to interact effectively with colleagues and students. preferred qualifications: degree in engineering, compu­ tational sciences, mathematics, or related area; professional expe­ rience in an academic, special, or research library. the ndsu library is a member of tri-college university, an established and accredited consortium (ndsu, moorhead state university, con­ cordia college). the tri-college university library consortium has been a member of the minnesota state university system’s pals online integrated system since its inception in 1979. ndsu is located in fargo, an educational, cultural, and medical center for the upper plains. the total population of the metropolitan area, which includes moorhead, minnesota, approximates 150,000. the area is within a short drive of the minnesota lake country and 4 hours from minneapolis or winnipeg. minimum salary $22,500. generous benefits including tiaa/cref and blue cross/blue shield. applications should be received no later than september 30, 1989 for maximum consideration. send letter of application; current resume; and names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references to: personnel office, north dakota state univer­ sity, p.o. box 5227, fargo, nd 58105. ndsu is an equal opportu­ nity institution. engineering/physical sciences/genera l refer­ with a collection management assignment.ence librarian senior assistant librarian. $33,168-$36,372 for 12 months; 10 month option available with proportionate salary reduction. duties include general reference desk service, specialist as physical sciences/engineering librarian, online searching, bibliographic instruction, and collection management. mls and recent profes­ sional experience required. position announcement listing require­ ments and preferred qualifications sent on request. write to: chair, search committee, c/o library secretary, california state poly­ technic university, 3801 west temple avenue, pomona, ca 91768. letter of inquiry must be postmarked by september 29, 1989. eeo/aa/title ix, section 504 employer. general reference librarian. mervyn h. sterne library, university of alabama at birmingham. position available immedi­ ately at the rank of assistant librarian with a twelve-month aca­ demic appointment; minimum annual salary of $20,000; generous fringe benefits. responsible for general reference service to a broad and diverse user population in the state’s largest metropoli­ tan center. must be service oriented; equally important responsi­ bilities include bibliographic instruction and collection develop­ ment in the area of general reference materials. regularly sched­ uled evening and weekend hours. requirements: alaaccredited mls. preferred: undergraduate degree in humanities or social sciences, general reference experience in an academic library, experience with database searching. position expected to be filled by january 1, 1990. applications received by october 1, 1989, will receive first consideration. send letter of application, current res­ ume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three references to: mary a. robertson, mervyn h. sterne library, university of alabama at birmingham, university station, bir­ mingham, al 35294. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. government documents/reference librarian, smith college. reports to the head of the reference department. re­ sponsibility for overseeing the management of a modest (75,000 volume) united states and united nations document collection, including selection, acquisition, organization, reference; and, supervision of a clerical and student assistant. the incumbent will participate in reference desk service, including nights and week­ ends; library instruction and online computer searching. require­ ments: ala-accredited mls, with at least two years of experience in a government documents collection; experience in social sci­ ences and humanities reference work, bibliographic instruction, and computer searching (brs and/or dialog); knowledge of at least one foreign language. familiarity with microcomputer appli­ cations in libraries desirable. review of applications will begin november 1, 1989, and continue until the position is filled. annual starting salary range $23,000-$25,500. submit letter, resume, and the names of three references to: director of personnel services, smith college, 30 belmont avenue, northampton, ma 01063. an affirmative action, equal opportunity institution. minorities and women are encouraged to apply. government documents/technical services li­ brarian. responsible for developing and maintaining a collec­ tion of federal, state, and local documents. the position involves both technical and public services duties including library instruc­ tion, faculty liaison, general reference desk work, and cataloging. qualifications: an ala-accredited mls, good interpersonal skills are required. strong interest and background in government docu­ ments; the ability to catalog using sudocs, lc classification and subject headings, and aacr2; experience with library instruction; and knowledge of a foreign language are highly desirable. mini­ mum salary is $20,000, tenure-track, tiaa/cref, 24 days annual leave. send letter of application, resume, the names of 3 refer­ ences, and a sample of written work by september 15, 1989, to: ella jane bailey, university library, university of nebraska at omaha, omaha, ne 68182-0237. review of resumes will continue until position is filled. aa/eoe. head, cataloging department. the university of akron is the third largest state-assisted university in ohio. it offers its 27,000 day and evening students more than 230 associate's, bachelor's, and master's degree programs, and 14 doctoral degree programs. the university library and learning resources is seeking a professional, experienced manager to effectively set priorities and direct the workflow of its cataloging department. reporting directly to the director of university library and learning resources, the head of the cataloging department supervises 6.0 professional september 1989 / 763 four positions kent state university libraries the kent state university libraries and media services seek qualified candidates for four positions which offer opportunities for professional challenge and growth. the university libraries hold membership in the association of research libraries, the center for research libraries, and neomarl, a consortium of ten academic and research libraries in northeastern ohio. the libraries have fully implemented the notis online system in the main and five branch libraries on the kent campus and have a combined collection of over 1.6 million volumes and 7,500 active serial subscriptions. architecture librarian. responsible for providing library service through the operation of the professional library in the school of architecture and environmental design. duties include overseeing the daily operation of the library, reference service, and collection development, planning and development of a slide collection, and the supervision of student assistants. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls, undergraduate or graduate degree in architecture, planning, art history, or a related field, and experience in an academic or special library. demonstrated organizational, leadership, communication, and interpersonal skills are also required. desirable: second advanced degree. this is a 12 month, tenure-track faculty position. the incumbent will be expected to meet all departmental and university requirements for reappointment, tenure, and promotion. initial salary and academic rank will be commensurate with background and experience. minimum salary: $25,000. associate curator, special collections. supportthe libraries’ service function in special collections with emphasis on rare book cataloging. assist in the promotion and use of materials in the department of special collections and in the coordination of activities of the friends of the libraries. may also provide service in the university archives. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls. experience in cataloging special collection material in an academic library; ability to communicate verbally and in writing; a second advanced degree and reading knowledge of a modern european language are desirable. this is a 12-month, tenure-track, entry-level faculty position. the incumbent will be expected to meet all departmental and university requirements for reappointment, tenure, and promotion. initial salary and academic rank will be commensurate with background and experience. minimum salary: $20,167. authority/online catalog maintenance librarian. duties: support the libraries technical services and public services functions by assuming responsibility for the intellectual content of local authority files; maintain authority control in the public catalog; and coordinate maintenance of the local bibliographic database. qualifications: required: ala-ac­ credited mls, training or experience in library of congress cataloging. desirable: experience with online catalogs, preferably notis, supervisory experience, prior experience in an academic library. this is a 12-month, tenure-track, entry-level faculty position. the incumbent will be expected to meet all departmental and university requirements for reappointment, tenure, and promotion. initial salary and academic rank will be commensurate with background and experience. minimum salary: $20,167. coordinator, computerized information services. duties: coordinate the libraries’ online search service, develop a program for a new reference center microcomputer laboratory, assist in development of cd-rom reference collection and service, and provide staff training for microcomputer applications. participate in providing reference service, bibliographic instruction, and online searching. the successful candidate should have significant public service experi­ ence and orientation; demonstrated proficiency in online searching, preferably dialog or brs; familiarity with cd-rom technology; effective interpersonal and communication skills, flexibility, and initiative. also preferred is a working knowledge of microcomputer applications for reference service and bibliographic instruction (preferably including computer-assisted instruction and related authoring systems), end-user searching, and staff and reference desk uses. qualifications: required: ala-accredited mls. a second advanced degree is desirable. this is a 12-month, tenure-track faculty position. the incumbent will be expected to meet all departmental and university requirements for reappointment, tenure, and promotion. initial salary and academic rank will be commensurate with background and experience. minimum salary: $25,000. salary and benefits. all positions are 12-month, tenure-track faculty positions. initial academic rank and salary will be commensurate with education and experience. benefits include 20 days vacation per year; life, dental, and health insurance or hmo option; support for professional development; and other university benefits. kent state university is comprised of a residential main campus, located on 1,200 rolling acres in the city of kent, and seven regional campuses in northeastern ohio. kent, population 30,000, is located within easy access of both rural and large metropolitan areas, approximately 35 miles south of cleveland and 11 miles east of akron. application procedure. to be considered for either position, please send a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three current references to: harry kamens budget & personnel officer university libraries and media services kent state university kent, oh 44242. deadline for applications for all positions is september 30,1989. kent state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. 764/c & r l news and 5.0 staff employees. this working manager is responsible for: coordinating the original cataloging, copy cataloging, and pre­ order searching of monographs, serials, government documents, media, and machine-readable datafiles; maintaining the database, catalog, and authority files; participating in the ullr’s department head's advisory group and serving on other standing and ad hoc committees; planning and implementing the department's goals and budget. required: mls from ala-accredited institution; at least 5 year’s cataloging experience in varied academic or re­ search libraries; demonstrable successful management of a large cataloging unit; proven expertise with oclc or other major biblio­ graphic utilities, marc formats, and local automated systems; thorough knowledge of aacr2, lc classification and authority control; excellent oral, written, and interpersonal communication skills. preferred: record of increasing responsibility of staff super­ vision; experience with vtls; budgetary experience; potential for research and evidence of scholarly/professional achievement; evidence of creative and imaginative contributions to overall library management. this is a 12-month, tenure-track appointment at the rank of associate professor. it includes 22 days vacation, standard benefits package, and a starting salary between $33,000-$36,000. application deadline is october 1, 1989. the position is available january 1990. send letter of application, resume, and three current letters of professional recommendation to: rebecca kopanic, chairperson, search committee for head, cataloging department, university of akron, library and learning resources, akron, oh 44325-1706. the university of akron is an equal education and employment institution. head, conservation and preservation depart­ ment. assistant librarian, $26,136-$33,444, associate librar­ ian, $31,944-$46,020, or librarian, steps l-iv, $42,948-$54,060, dependent on qualifications and experience. open immediately. reporting to the assistant university librarian for collections, is responsible for developing, implementing, and administering the library's policies and programs for preserving collections. plans and directs the work of the conservation and preservation depart­ ment (6.5 fte staff and students), including bindery preparation, identification and treatment of brittle materials, and preservation microfilming. responsible for environmental monitoring, preserva­ tion education for staff and users, and disaster preparedness. general responsibility for conservation in branch libraries. partici­ pates in divisional and library budget preparation, planning, and policymaking. the university of california is engaged in a univer­ sity-wide program for collections preservation. regular meetings are held to review and discuss the provisions of program activity, to develop and implement cooperative programs, and to work for common goals. graduate degree in librarianship from an ala accredited institution or its equivalent. research library experience at the professional level. experience and/or specialized training in conservation and preservation. knowledge of current conservation and preservation principles, practices, and techniques. demon­ strated effective communication, management, and planning skills. excellent writing, speaking, and interpersonal skills. super­ visory experience and experience in staff training and grant prepa­ ration. send letter, resume, and the names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of three references (including current supervisor) to: sandra a. vella, assistant personnel librarian, 108 shields library, university of california, davis, ca 95616. telephone: (916) 752-1138. applications received by october 13,1989, will be assured consideration. the university of california, davis is com­ mitted to a policy of affirmative action and specifically invites inquiries and applications from women and ethnic minorities. head, graduate school of international rela­ tions and pacific studies library, university of califor­ nia, san diego. salary range: associate librarian: $31,944 $46,020; or librarian: $42,948-$59,556. ucsd is an equal oppor­ tunity, affirmative action employer and specifically seeks candi­ dates who can make contributions in an environment of cultural and ethnic diversity. under the general direction of the associate university librarian for administrative and public services, the incumbent is responsible for planning, developing, implementing, and managing the branch library’s services, collections, and op­ erations; functions as primary liaison between the branch library and faculty, graduate students, and other scholars using the library; hires, supervises, and monitors staff; develops and imple­ ments policies and procedures; develops and promotes special programs, especially innovative automated services; keeps abreast of developments in relevant subject areas, in information science, etc.; has responsibility for coordinating collection devel­ opment in pacific studies and may have selection responsibility in one or more subject areas; has reference and instructional respon­ sibilities. ucsd librarians are expected, as academic appointees, to participate in library-wide planning and to be active profession­ ally. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school. applicants with successful experience in managing an academic library public services unit, developing research collec­ tions, and delivering automated information services will be pre­ ferred. demonstrated communication skills, both written and oral; demonstrated ability to work effectively with faculty and other researchers; understanding of the research process and the needs of researchers in the social sciences. desirable: knowledge of a foreign language relevant to the school’s areas of interest (espe­ cially japanese, korean, or chinese) and graduate level back­ ground in the social sciences and/or appropriate area studies. appointment at the librarian level requires substantial relevant experience. applications received by october 13, 1989, will be assured of consideration. submit a letter of application, enclosing a resume and a list of references, to: janet tait, assistant for academic personnel, library, c-075-h, university of california, san diego, la jolla, ca 92093. head of acquisitions/serials. applications and nomina­ tions are invited for the position of head of acquisitions/serials at oregon state university libraries. administers centralized acqui­ sition of library materials and serial control operation. responsible for ordering, receiving, and accounting for all materials (mono­ graphs and serials/print and nonprint) acquired by purchase, gifts, or exchanges. responsible for organization, planning, and im­ plementation of policies and procedures within the acquisitions/ serials division. reports to the assistant director for technical, automation, and administrative services. key participant in im­ plementation of automated acquisitions and serials control sys­ tems subsequent redesign of work flow. coordinates mono­ graphic/serial acquisitions and control processes with technical processing, collection management, and reference functions. manages one professional and thirteen support staff plus student assistants. qualifications: mls or equivalent from ala-accredited program; minimum of 5 years progressively responsible profes­ sional experience, including two years in a serials and/or acquisi­ tions department; superior communication and interpersonal skills; ability to analyze work processes and implement new technology; organizational, managerial, and supervisory skills, second master's or other advanced degree required for tenure. 12 month position with faculty status; salary $30,000; medical/dental insurance and retirement benefits. send letter of application, res­ ume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 references to: barbara thornburg, kerr library 121, oregon state university, corvallis, or 97331-4501 by application deadline: september 30, 1989. osu is an aa/eeo employer and is responsive to the needs of dual career couples. minority applicants are encouraged to apply and identify themselves for affirmative action purposes. head of collection management, the university of wis consin-whitewater, library and learning resources. search reopened. the university of wisconsin-whitewater invites appli­ cations for a full-time, tenure-track faculty position available de­ cember 1, 1989. responsibilities: coordinate the development and implementation of collection management policies and proce­ dures; build and maintain library collections in consultation with the faculty; supervise department personnel; plan and manage collec­ tion development budget; maintain and analyze financial and collection data; participate in the administrative council of library and learning resources. qualifications: mls from ala-accred­ ited institution; professional experience in acquisitions/collection development; knowledge of fiscal management; supervisory skills; familiarity with publishing trade in both print and non-print formats; knowledge of computer-based acquisitions and serials control; effective oral and written communication skills. second advanced degree in an academic discipline is preferred. minimum rank: assistant professor. salary: minimum $25,000. benefits: 22 paid vacation days; one day per month sick leave accumulation; 9.5 paid holidays; choice of group medical and dental insurance; state retirement benefits. the university of wisconsin-whitewater en­ rolls 11,000 students in the colleges of business and economics, education, letters and sciences, and arts. library and learning resources is a modern facility of over 360,000 books and bound periodicals, 2,800 serials subscriptions, 260,000 documents, 700,000 microforms, 10,617 audiovisual materials, and particiseptember 1989/765 four positions university of north texas fine arts, assistant reference librarian. provide reference assistance for students and faculty of the largest fine arts department in the southwest. underthe supervision of the head of general reference, this position is responsible for providing collection development, bibliographic instruction, and database searching in the assigned area. qualifications: three to five years experience in reference, preferably in fine arts; subject specialization in art history, preferably an advanced degree; familiarity with basic computer applications in libraries. salary: $26,000 minimum for 12-month renewable contract. apply to: martha tarlton, fine arts librarian search committee, address below. assistant music librarian. supervise the daily operations and reference work for a music library and audio center serving the second largest music school in the united states. selection, acquisitions, and cataloging of recordings. opportunities for research, performance, advanced study. qualifications: at least five years of experience in an academic music library; undergraduate and music degrees or equivalent knowledge/experience; knowledge of appropriate foreign languages; experience in cataloging and public services preferred. salary: $30,000 minimum for 12-month renewable contract. apply to: morris martin, music librarian search committee, address below. science librarian. provide reference services, with an emphasis in the hard sciences, perform database searches, participate in collection development and bibliographic instruction under the supervi­ sion of the head of the isb libraries, a branch facility serving the sciences, technologies, and library and information sciences. qualifications: at least three years reference experience, preferably in a science area; undergraduate degree in science or mathematics, preferably an advanced degree in one of these areas; training or experience in online database searching; familiarity with computer applications in libraries. salary: $29,000 minimum for a 12-month renewable contract. apply to: william b. floyd, science librarian search committee, address below. assistant science librarian. duties same as position above. qualifications: one to three years reference experience; undergraduate degree in one of the sciences or mathematics; training or experience in online database searching; familiarity with computer applications in libraries. salary: $26,000 minimum for 12-month renewable contract. apply to: william b. floyd, science librarian search committee, address below the university of north texas is a comprehensive university with a student population of over 25,000 and is located in denton, acommunity of 60,000 in the dallas/fort worth metro-area. the university librar­ ies have collections of over 1.5 million volumes, a full-time staff of 113, and an operating budget of over $4.5 million. all four positions are available 1 september 1989 and require a master’s degree from an ala-accredited library science program. to ensure full consideration, applications should be received by 30 september 1989, but applications will be accepted until positions are filled. submit a letter of application, complete resume, names, addresses, and telephone numbers forthree ref­ erences to: (name and search committee listed above) c/o administrative offices university libraries university of north texas p.o.box 5188 denton, tx 76203 the university of north texas is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer and encourages applications from women and minorities. pates in oclc online cataloging, and has an ls/2000 local automation system. a complete application file consists of formal letter of application and current vita, official copies of all transcripts, and three current letters of professional recommendation, ^ //m a ­ terials must be received before application can be considered. deadline for application: september 20, 1989. address applica­ tions and nominations to: hsi-ping shao, dean of library and learning resources, harold g. andersen library, university of wisconsin-whitewater, whitewater, w l 53190. uw -whitewater is an equal opportunity employer with an affirmative action plan. women, ethnic minorities, persons with disabilities, and vietnam era veterans are encouraged to apply. head of public services. ohio wesleyan university, a se­ lective undergraduate liberal arts college with an enrollment of 1,900 is seeking a dynamic and innovative librarian to fill the position of head of public services. the new head of public services will be offered the opportunity to make a major impact on services, to advance our planning and evaluation process and to participate in the radical restructuring of the library. the head of public services is responsible for the management, development, and supervision of staff and services of the following units: circu­ lation, reference, instruction, online searching, interlibrary loan, government publications access, the audio-visual center, and three branch libraries. staff responsible for the library’s role in 7 6 6 /c irrl news head, acquisitions department, technical services university of georgia libraries the head of the acquisitions department is re­ sponsible forthe planning, coordination, and control of the acquisition of the libraries’ materials in all languages, subjects, and formats, excluding cur­ rent periodicals and government publications. ma­ terials handled by this department include those for the main and science libraries, all laboratory col­ lections, and off-campus research facility libraries. the head reports to the assistant directorfortech nical services and is responsible for the work of 1 fte librarian and 16 fte support staff. other intrali­ brary contacts include interaction with other techni­ cal services department heads and additional staff members in all areas of the libraries as necessary and appropriate to the work of the department. contacts external to the libraries are maintained with various book dealers and publishers. in all activities the goal is to develop, through general leadership, a service-oriented, efficient, and effec­ tive staff. the university of georgia libraries belongs to the association of research libraries and the center for research libraries, and is a charter member of solinet (southeastern library net­ work) through which it participates in oclc. the libraries’ collection includes over 2.6 million vol­ umes, and 56,000 titles and subscriptionson stand­ ing order. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; two years acquisitions-related experience in a large academic or research library; two years supervisory experi­ ence; experience with automated systems; effec­ tive oral and written communication skills; ability to establish and maintain effective working relation­ ships; working knowledge of one or more modern foreign languages; participation in library committee work and professional activities beyond the local level desired. salary m inim um :$33,000. application procedure.'send letter of application by october 16,1989, including resume and names and addresses of three references, to: george h. libbey asst. dir. for administrative services university of georgia libraries athens, g a 30602 this position will be filled only if suitable appli­ cants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. campus microcomputer services also report to the head of public services. this position supervises ten staff members (3 librarians, 3 full-time and 4 part-time support staff), and works with staff from other library departments who devote time to public services. the head of public services is a member of the library management team and will actively participate in two major ongoing initiatives: continued implementation of an integrated library system (ls/ 2000), and integration of the “teaching library” philosophy into all aspects of library services. additional duties include: staffing the reference desk, including some nights and weekends; and service as a liaison to faculty departments for the purpose of collection development, instruction, and online searching. ohio wesleyan university offers the collegial atmosphere of a liberal arts college with 22 majors, in a town of 19,000 located close to columbus. the college is committed to supporting cultural diversity and commu­ nity service as well as academic excellence in the student body. the library has a collection of over 430,000 volumes with a strong rare book collection and one of the country's oldest federal deposi­ tories. the main library, branches, and av center are linked by an integrated online catalog and circulation system and an activist approach to library services. qualifications: master's degree in library science from an ala-accredited program; minimum of five years of experience in providing public services with progressively increasing responsibilities and demonstrated skills in planning, supervisory, communication, and staff development skills; and a strong user-oriented philosophy. experience in teaching, micro­ computer applications, and/or automated library systems, and educational technology highly desirable. a second master's de­ gree, background in science or social science preferred but not essential. twelve-month librarian/faculty appointment, salary range in the mid-$30s. send letter of application, resume, a statement of personal public service and management philosophy (no more than 2 pages, please), and three letters of reference to: kathleen weibel, director of libraries, ohio wesleyan univer­ sity, delaware, oh 43015. applications will be accepted until august 15, 1989. the position will be filled as soon as possible. ohio wesleyan university actively encourages the applications of women and minorities. the college is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. head of public services/assistant director. full­ time, administrative position, reporting to library director, to begin january 1,1990. plan, develop, manage, and evaluate all aspects of public services; supervise all public service staff/departments including circulation and reserve, interlibrary loan, periodicals, and reference; responsible for public service programming, innovation, and basic facility management; share in collection development and liaison responsibilities; participate fully in professional public service activities including sunday rotation of reference desk re­ sponsibilities. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; four recent years in a post-mls public services position at an academic library; strong oral and written communication skills; demonstrated working knowledge of computer database searching; demon­ strated experience with bibliographic instruction; evidence of ex­ cellent organization skills required. administrative or management experience in an academic library; subject master’s degree; read­ ing knowledge of a modern foreign language; evidence of profes­ sional involvement; and working knowledge of word perfect desir­ able. salary: $26,040-$40,480; starting salary normally not to ex­ ceed $29,230. send letter of application, resume, graduate tran­ scripts, a statement of public service philosophy, and addresses and telephone numbers of three references by september 30, 1989, to: gaynelle pratt, personnel office, keene state college, keene, nh 03431. aa/eoe. head of serials department, university of california, irvine library. responsible for overall management of serials department. plays a key role in relocation to a new science library; implementation of an integrated system; and reorganiza­ tion of technological processing units. required: ala-accredited mls; professional serials experience in academic or research library; library automation experience; supervision, planning, ana­ lytical skills, initiative, etc. highly desired: broad-based library experience including serials cataloging. salary $31,944-$46,020. deadline september 15, 1989; applications accepted until filled. to apply: send letter, resume, and 3 references to: anne rimmer, au lfor personnel serv., the university of california at irvine, p. o. box 19557, irvine, ca 92713; (714) 856-7115. aa/eoe. head of technical services. responsibilities include: managing/directing technical services, cataloging, classification, september 1989 / 767 physical processing, and bibliographic records (online, wln, and card catalog). candidates must have: ala-accredited mls; ad­ ministrative experience in academic technical services; familiarity with a major bibliographic utility, at least one foreign language, application of microcomputers, retrospective conversions, and bibliographic database management; and effective interpersonal and communication skills. professional position, salary ($25,000 $26,500) depends upon experience and qualifications. women and minorities are encouraged to apply. seattle pacific university in seattle, wash., is an evangelical christian university of the arts, sciences, and professions. spu has a combined undergraduate and graduate enrollment of 3,300 students with an additional 4,000 students enrolled in off-campus programs each quarter. send resume and letter listing three or more references to: gary r. fick, university librarian, weter memorial library, seattle pacific uni­ versity, seattle, wa 98119. phone: (206) 281-2228. closing date is october 1, 1989. head of technical services, principal librarian, collection acquisition and processing. salary range $48,000-$60,000. available december 1989. reporting to the di­ rector of the new york state library, the principal librarian (collection acquisition and processing) directs a staff of 22 profes­ sionals, 4 paraprofessionals, and 32 support staff. the position is responsible for a $2.5 million acquisitions budget and $259,000 in contractual services funds. the position participates actively in the administration of the library and serves on library-wide and state education department committees. the six units of collection acquisition and processing (cap) that report to the principal librarian are responsible for acquisition and cataloging of all library materials, and for maintenance of the bibliographic infor­ mation on the library's online catalog. all acquisition and catalog­ ing are done on computer systems: oclc, oclc acq350, faxon linx. the library is a full cooperative online serials program (conser) member and has partial national coordinated catalog­ ing operation (naco) status. cap staff are currently responsible for the neh new york state newspaper project (part of usnp) and participate in the hea title ll-c cooperative cataloging of the goldsmiths’-kress library of economic literature on microfilm. cap staff work with other areas of the library to maintain the new york state documents depository system and are responsible for producing the monthly checklist of official publications and the dictionary catalog of official publications of the state of new york. the new york state library is a comprehensive research library with a staff of 200 and holdings of 2.1 million volumes, 4.5 million microforms, and many thousands of manuscripts, maps, musical scores, photographs, and other special collections. the library is a federal regional depository, the regional library for the blind and visually handicapped and a u.s. patent depository, and is the only state library member of the association of research librar­ ies. candidates will be expected to have at least five years experience in technical processes, at a managerial level, in a major research library. applicants who wish to be included on an an­ nouncement mailing list should send a letter of interest to: jerome interlibrary loan librarian/ assistant head, access services university of southern california position #127. reports to head, access services. responsible for interlibrary loan (ill), doheny express (document delivery), periodicals reading room. oversees the development of software package to manage the ill/document delivery functions. manages personnel resources, establishes policies and procedures, determines priorities, performs bibliographic verification, manages cost controls, prepares reports. works with programmers to develop software and networked databases for handling bibliographic searches, client records, and correspon­ dence. conducts performance tests and evaluates software. in absence of head, manages circulation services, doheny stacks, and east library storage facility. assists head in handling administrative responsibilities. mls from ala-accredited library school. experience with interlibrary loan or document delivery. run/ oclc and ill order generation required. experience with database creation, local area networks, and automated circulation systems. reading knowledge of german, french, or spanish desirable. excellent oral/written communications skills. expe­ rience in supervision required. rank and salary: librarian ii, $32,000; librarian iii, $37,900 minimum salary, negotiable depending upon background and experience. benefits: include tiaa retirement program, 22 days paid vacation per year under a twelve-month contract, a choice of medical plans, a dental plan, and tuition remission. position available: september 1,1989, and will remain open until filled. apply to: carolyn j. henderson associate university librarian for administrative services doheny memorial library university of southern california, university park los angeles, ca 90089-0182 submit letter of application, resume, and names and telephone numbers of three references. please refer to assistant head, access services, position #127-crl on all correspondence. aa/eoe. 768/c&-rl news yavarkovsky, director, new york state library, cultural educa­ tion center, albany, ny 12230. head, systems and operations, to manage bibliographic control, acquisitions, collection development, serials, and auto­ mated services with 4 professional and 8 paraprofessional staff. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, 3 years experience in techni­ cal services with evidence of increasing supervisory responsibility, and good communication skills are required. knowledge of lcsh, lc classification, aacr2, and marc formats, and experience with oclc and automated library systems are desirable. tenure track faculty appointment on 12-month basis with 20 days annual leave and competitive standard benefits with $26,000 minimum salary. apply by september 15, 1989, with letter, resume, and names and addresses of three references to: dean of the library, library and resource center, auburn university at montgomery, 7300 university drive, montgomery, al 36117-3596; (205) 244­ 9200. aum is an eeo/aa employer. information access librarian for reference and documents. responsible for providing reference service, in­ cluding serving at the reference desks in general reference and documents. service level in documents reflects regional deposi­ tory status. participates in collection development and liaison activities in selected subject areas. assists with bibliographic instruction and online searching as needed. primary responsibility is to the general reference unit (approximately 2/3 time); secon­ dary responsibility is to the documents unit (approximately 1/3 time). responsible to the head, reference and documents, under the guidance of the coordinator, general reference and the coordinator, documents/reference. requirements: mls from an ala-accredited library school required. second master's desir­ able. knowledge of documents, as demonstrated by course work or experience. good oral and written communication skills. must possess an attitude of flexibility and adaptability in order to serve multi-dimensional purposes required of the position. salary and benefits: salary $19,000-$20,000 for a 12-month appointment. excellent benefits package; 88% of social security paid for first $16,500 of salary; choice of retirement programs including tiaa/ cref; 14 state holidays; no state or local income tax. general information: texas tech university, one of five comprehensive state universities in texas, has an enrollment of 24,000. it is located in lubbock, texas, a commercial center for the area and metropolitan population of 224,000. the library has 1.1 million volumes and a materials budget of $1.7 million. planning for an online catalog is underway. application: applications received prior to september 31, 1989, will be given first consideration. position available immediately. send letter of application, resume, names and addresses of three references to: e. dale cluff, director of libraries, texas tech university, lubbock, tx 79409. minori­ ties are encouraged to apply. instructional services librarian. duties: provide sup­ port for law school audio-visual needs including videotaping of classroom and clinical programs; oversee law library computer lab featuring 30 personal computers linked to law school local area network; develop, conduct, and supervise instructional pro­ grams for students, faculty, and staff in use of wordperfect and online databases in cooperation with other library and law school computer center staff; answer questions concerning use of local area network, personal computers, software, and databases; rec­ ommend hardware and software for administrative and educational use to law library and law school administrators; supervise media and microform collections. requirements: ala-accredited mls; a high degree of “media literacy," including previous experi­ ence with videotape equipment, preferably in a classroom setting; extensive experience with personal computers, online databases (lexis and westlaw preferred), and computer software (wordperfect preferred); supervisory and instructional skills; well developed interpersonal skills; previous experience in law school library preferred. salary: commensurate with qualifications and experience, with a minimum salary of $27,500; excellent benefits include tuition exemption for self and family and assistance with university housing. submit letter of application, resume, and three references to: scott b. pagel, asst. law librarian, columbia law school library, columbia university, 435 w. 116th st., new york, ny 10027. deadline for applications is october 15,1989. columbia university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. library conservator. the hagley museum and library has extended its search for a book and paper conservator to develop and carry out its newly-established comprehensive preservation program for library collections. this individual will be responsible for preparing, implementing, and documenting conservation treat­ ment of books, manuscripts, and pictorial materials; monitoring construction of and administering new conservation laboratory; implementing general preservation programs; and preparing newly-acquired materials for use by patrons and for exhibit. re­ quires demonstrated ability to develop and carry out restoration and conservation treatment of library materials. graduate degree from recognized book and manuscripts conservation training pro­ gram plus minimum 2 years' related experience or equivalent extensive experience in conservation of library materials. compre­ hensive knowledge of historic restoration techniques including historical book structures and bindings. familiarity with preserva­ tion issues in research libraries highly desired. the hagley mu­ seum and library is an independent research library which houses an important collection of manuscripts, photographs, books, and pamphlets documenting american business, economic, and tech­ nological history. it is located on the 250-acre site of the original dupont black powder mills, estate, and gardens, and offers easy access to philadelphia, washington, and new york. salary to the mid-$20s, dependent upon qualifications and experience. com­ prehensive benefits package including tiaa-cref. please send resume immediately to: personnel department, hagley museum and library, p. 0. box 3630, wilmington, de 19807. eoe. library director. under the general supervision of the direc­ tor of university libraries, the university of connecticut's hartford regional branch is seeking a director to be responsible for the management of it's harleigh b. trecker library. the chosen indi­ vidual will also serve as assistant director of regional campus libraries and, in that capacity, is responsible for the administrative coordination of library programs at five regional campuses within the university of connecticut library system. qualifications in­ clude an mls from an ala-accredited graduate library program, and least 6 years of professional library experience including at least 3 years of managerial experience. some experience in a library unit on a remote campus is preferred. an advanced degree in the social sciences and/or other evidence of appropriate educa­ tion and/or experience in the social sciences is desired. antici­ pated hiring salary is in the mid $40s. closing date for applications is september 22,1989, with an anticipated starting date of january 1,1990. please send letter of application and resume to: adminis­ trative offices, homer babbidge library, the university of con­ necticut, box u-5a, 369 fairfield road, storrs, ct 06269-1005. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. (search #9a309.) manuscripts librarian, harry ransom humanities re­ search center. responsible for the administration, personnel management, and operation of manuscripts and archives. partici­ pate in analysis and planning to facilitate transition from a manual to an automated cataloging system. catalog manuscripts and archives using marc amc format; train support staff in processing of collections and in data entry. coordinate the documentation of input standards and revision of departmental processing and cataloging manuals. serve as liaison with books cataloging divi­ sion to assure thorough integration of bibliographic records for archives and books in the locally developed online catalog. librarian reports to the hrhrc associate director. division per­ sonnel consists of two professional librarians (including this posi­ tion) and 4.5 fte support staff. qualifications: mls from an ala accredited graduate library program, with special collections or archives concentration. significant experience in manuscripts/ archival processing preferably in an academic/research library, including familiarity with marc amc format and aacr2. experi­ ence with a major bibliographic utility (oclc, rlin), including familiarity with marc formats and online authority file systems. superior supervisory, communication, and interpersonal skills, with experience in staff instruction and training. reading knowl­ edge of french. academic degree in literature. salary: $27,000-$30,000 depending upon qualifications and experience. no state or local income tax. competitive benefits package. retire­ ment plan options. position available october 1, 1989. to insure consideration, application should be received by september 20, 1989. send letter of application and resume, including the names of three professional references, to: michael whalon, associate director, harry ransom humanities research center, box 7219, the university of texas at austin, austin, tx 78713. mellon intern for preservation administration, university of michigan. responsible for expansion of the library’s september 1989/769 personnel assistant for staff development and professional recruitment university of michigan r esponsibilities: under the general direction of the manager, personnel & payroll services, the incumbent will have primary responsibilities for assessing staff development needs in the areas of automation, management and supervisory skills, continuing education, organizational effectiveness, and orientation. the incumbent will be responsible for planning, promoting, and coordinating the appropriate activities necessary to meet library staff developmental needs as well as evaluating their effectiveness. the incumbent will also be responsible for administering the library research residency program, which provides recently graduated librarians with opportunities for advanced training and professional ex­ perience. responsibilities include planning, implementing, and evaluating all aspects of the residency program including the recruitment and educational component. responsible forthe recruitment, selection, and appointment activities of librarian positions and for assisting in personnel functions with primary re­ sponsibility in matters relating to librarians including staff relations, classification, and promotion. required: accredited mls. extensive experience in an academic library. demonstrated knowledge of trends and issues in academic librarianship. knowledge of automated systems. previous experience developing training materials for staff or end users and in training staff or library patrons. demonstrated ability to plan and organize programs, gather and analyze data, and work with a variety of people. skill in written and oral communication. demonstrated skills in supervision and general personnel management. desired: previous experience with staff development programs. knowledge of issues related to library personnel. rank of associate/senior associate librarian dependent on final classification. salary range of $27,000-$45,000 dependent on previous relevant experience and final classification level. applications received by september 30,1989, will be given first consideration. apply to: lucy r. cohen manager, library personnel and payroll services 404 hatcher graduate library university of michigan ann arbor, michigan 48109-1205 the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer. preservation program in the divisional and branch libraries. out­ lines a broad preservation program for a specific collection, with particular attention to the replacement/reformatting of brittle books; develops and oversees implementation of procedures and workflows; develops and presents training modules for divisional library staff; writes narrative and statistical reports and other documents relative to project. participates with preservation office staff in managing ongoing programs (brittle books replacement, conservation and book repair, bindery preparations, and microfilm­ ing) and in planning and implementing new preservation initiatives. participates in staff and user education program, and in disaster preparedness and recover training program. in addition, will be responsible for overseeing special projects as assigned; prepara­ tion of samples and surveys as needed; participation in planning and implementing grant-based initiatives. supervision of staff and student employees may be required in carrying out responsibili­ ties. reports to associate preservation librarian. required: mls. minimum of 5 years post-mls experience; ability to plan and implement projects and to work independently; strong oral and written communication skills; demonstrated ability to work effec­ tively with staff at all levels, representatives of other institutions, and the public. desired: experience in a large academic or re­ search library; successful management experience including plan­ ning, supervision, training, and budget responsibilities. salary commensurate with current level of experience up to a maximum of $31,500. full benefits package. applications received by septem­ ber 30, 1989, will be given first consideration. apply to: lucy cohen, manager, library personnel office, 404 hatcher graduate library, the university of michigan, ann arbor, ml 48109-1205. a nondiscriminatory, affirmative action employer. online catalog development librarian in the techni­ cal services division, illinois state university, full-time, tenure track position. manages the development of the library’s online catalog; coordinates its growth and access; acts as liaison with public service faculty regarding the operation of the catalog; develops projects for full utilization of lllinet online (io), the state’s online union catalog, at isu. isu is a multi-purpose university with more than 20,000 students, located in the medium-sized urban area of normal/bloomington. milner library is the central library facility for the university community with a staff of 110 including thirty-five professionals, over one million volumes, and a materials budget of $1.5 million. the library is a member of the crl and the illinois library computer system, a resource-sharing network of thirty-five academic institutions in the state of illinois. qualifica­ tions: mls from an ala-accredited school; second advanced degree or cas in library science required for tenure and appoint­ ment or promotion beyond instructor rank. technical and practical knowledge of library computer systems (oclc, innovacq, lcs/ fbr) and microcomputers is required. salary $23,000 minimum. salary and rank commensurate with qualifications and experience. applications will be accepted until the position is filled, but for maximum consideration, applications should be received no later than september 20,1989. submit a letter of application, resume, and the names of three current references to: richard christensen, librarian search committee, 311 milner library, illinois state university, normal, il 61761. illinois state university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. rare book librarian, washington university school of medicine library. curator of eight distinguished historical book and 770/c & r l news journal collections. responsible for description and cataloging of rare books, rare book purchasing, exhibits, and conservation. contributes to management of related archives and contemporary imprint collections in the history of medicine. qualifications include an mls or ma with specialization in history of medicine, experi­ ence with automated library cataloging, familiarity with the anti­ quarian book market, and reading knowledge of latin and german (facility in other european languages desirable). academic 12 month appointment. salary $25,000-$28,000, depending on quali­ fications. generous benefits. send resume and three references by september 30, 1989, to: paul g. anderson, associate director, archives and rare books, washington university school of medicine library, campus box 8132,660 s. euclid ave., st. louis, mo 63110. washington university is an equal opportunity, affirma­ tive action employer. readers' services librarian, rhode island school of design. provide reference sen/ice, library orientation, and biblio­ graphic instruction to dynamic and active art school community, including museum; supervise public services, including circula­ tion, reserve collection, and interlibrary loan; oversee serials and bindery. ala-accredited mls; undergraduate degree in art history or studio art preferred; reading knowledge of one or more modern european languages; three years professional and supervisory experience; knowledge of online reference services desirable. salary: mid-$20s minimum, excellent benefits. send application, resume, and names of three references by september 20,1989, to: carol s. terry, director of library services, rhode island school of design, 2 college street, providence, rl 02903. reference and technical services librarian. west virginia university is seeking an energetic, service-oriented indi­ vidual to join a team of dedicated, forward-looking librarians in the largest of wvu's nine branch libraries. the evansdale library, opened in 1980, houses a collection of 200,000-plus volumes and serves graduate and undergraduate programs in agriculture, engineering, education, art, theatre, forestry, energy resources, social work, and physical education. responsibilities: participate in reference, database searching, and bibliographic instruction services; coordinate cataloging and acquisitions activities with main library; supervise catalog and serial record maintenance; participate in collection development activities; supervise bindery operations; participate in automation and other long-range plan­ ning activities. qualifications: ala-accredited mls; subject de­ gree or experience in a library serving one of the disciplines supported by the evansdale library; knowledge of aacr2, lc classification, lcsh, and marc formats; effective oral, written, and interpersonal communication skills; experience in computer­ ized database searching; familiarity with oclc and cd-rom applications; knowledge of major reference tools and question negotiation strategies; supervisory ability; strong public and tech­ nical services skills; service orientation; minimum of two years of experience preferred. salary: $20,500 negotiable, depending on qualifications. benefits: non-tenure-track faculty position; tiaa/ cref; 24 days annual leave; 18 days sick leave; proximity to allegheny mountain recreation areas, pittsburgh, and washing­ ton, dc; west virginia has had the lowest crime rate in the u.s. for the past nine years; west virginia university is the land-grant institution for west virginia. send letter of application, resume, and names/addresses of three references to: harold b. shill, chair, reference and technical services librarian search committee, evansdale library, west virginia university, p.o. box 6105, morgantown, wv 26506-6105. application deadline september 30, 1989. west virginia university is an affirmative action and equal opportunity employer. reference/bibliographer (new position). provides gen­ eral as well as in-depth reference sen/ices in the humanities and social sciences, including online literature searching; selects li­ brary materials in designated subject areas, including english literature; teaches library usage and serves as liaison with one or more academic departments. qualifications: mls from an ala accredited library school; degree in english literature preferred; reading knowledge of a foreign language desirable; knowledge of online searching, preferably brs and dialog; experience in refer­ ence or collection development in an academic library desirable. minimum salary $20,316. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of reference to: personnel office, box 1184, washing­ ton university, one brookings drive, st. louis, mo 63130-4899. applications accepted until the position is filled. initial review of applications will begin november 1, 1989. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. reference/bibliographer, sciences, research and in­ formation services department, homer babbidge library, univer­ sity of connecticut. responsibilities include providing reference assistance to library users; computer-based services, including online searching and cd-roms; instructional and orientation ac­ tivities; faculty liaison with one or more schools or departments, including selecting materials for the general and reference collec­ tions. the research and information services department con­ sists of 12 librarians and 4 paraprofessional staff, supported by a processing staff of 5. it provides reference services, broadly defined, in the homer babbidge library, the central library for the university, which supports students in all academic disciplines. requirements: ala-accredited mls; background in the sciences or engineering developed through either graduate study or work experience; demonstrated ability to work with diverse users and staff; proven ability in written and verbal communication, and an ability to function effectively in a changing environment. preferred: minimum of two years of relevant post-mls experience as a reference librarian in an academic library; knowledge of microcom­ puter applications in libraries; reading knowledge of a modern foreign language; and graduate study or advanced degree in addition to the mls. initial appointment is expected to be at the university librarian i, ii, or iii rank with salary range in the mid$20s to the high $30s depending on background and experience. bene­ fits: tiaa/cref; blue cross/blue shield, including major medical coverage; life insurance; and 22 days vacation and 12 paid state holidays per year. send resume, cover letter, and three letters of reference to: lois brandt, administrative offices, homer babbidge library, box u-5a, the university of connecticut, 369 fairfield road, storrs, ct 06269-1005. applications received by septem­ ber 22,1989 will be given preference in the screening process. aa/ eoe. (search #9a312.) reference librarian. this assistant reference librarian is responsible for professional reference service including some evening and weekend work in a busy metropolitan progressive university library, with a diverse clientele, which is in the process of implementing notis. database and cd-rom searching, library user instruction, collection development are other dimensions of this position. faculty rank and status, 12-month contract, tenure track with liberal fringe benefits. salary is $21,500. we are seeking a reference librarian with an ala-accredited mls. send resume and names, addresses, and phone numbers of at least three references to: kathleen voigt, chairperson of search committee, william s. carlson library, the university of toledo, 2801 w. bancroft st., toledo, oh 43606. applications will be accepted until the position is filled. the university of toledo is an equal opportu­ nity, affirmative action employer. reference librarian. west virginia university’s wise li­ brary announces a new reference position. under the direction of the head of reference, supervises interlibrary loan services; provides reference service, including some night and weekend hours; performs computerized literature searches, and assists users with cd-rom products; participates in bibliographic instruc­ tion, including a formal one-hour course; serves as reference specialist and general bibliographer for one or more assigned areas in the social sciences. minimum qualifications: ala-accred­ ited mls; academic background in one of the social sciences; strong service orientation; excellent oral and written communica­ tion skills. salary and rank: $19,500. 12-month appointment. entry level staff librarian. tiaa/cref, 24 days annual leave, and other excellent benefits. deadline for applications: september 20, 1989. position available november 1, 1989. starting date nego­ tiable. send letter of application stating qualifications, 2 copies of resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of at least 3 professional references to: myra n. lowe, chair, search commit­ tee for reference librarian, wise library, west virginia univer­ sity, p.o. box 6069, morgantown, wv 26506-6069. west virginia university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian. sterling memorial library, yale uni­ versity library. minimum rank: librarian ii or iii. responsibilities: provides reference desk assistance, bibliographic instruction, and computer-assisted reference service. administers and supervises interlibrary loan. the department, the central reference location on september 1989/771 campus, serves all levels of users with special focus in the humanities and social sciences, and is in an exciting period of development as it seeks to expand its role in meeting the informa­ tion needs of the yale community. qualifications: mls degree from an ala-accredited library school. two or more years of academic reference experience in the humanities and social sciences. read­ ing knowledge of two foreign languages. familiarity with online database and compact disc searching, the application of micro­ computers to reference services. familiarity with current trends in interlibrary loan. demonstrated interpersonal skills including ex­ cellent oral and written communication with strong analytical skills. ability to work cooperatively in a demanding and rapidly changing environment. supervisory experience in an interlibrary loan unit desirable. additional graduate work desirable. salary and rank commensurate with qualifications and experience; from a mini­ mum of $27,300 at librarian ii or $31,500 at librarian iii. applica­ tion deadline: october 15, 1989. to be assured of consideration, please send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 refer­ ences to: diane y. turner, acting head, library personnel services, yale university library, p.o. box 1603a yale station, new haven, ct 06520. an eeo/aa employer. reference library head. reports to the director of general public services. responsible for administration of reference li­ brary staff, collection, and services. selects, trains, and evaluates staff personnel. participates in the provision of reference service and other departmental activities. works closely with reference librarians and the director in sustaining, planning, and extending effective and innovative services. incumbent will be a member of the library administrative council. department: reference library provides reference and research services to the campus commu­ nity, online search and other computer-based services, and a variety of user education programs. the general reference collec­ tion includes 23,000+ volumes. staff includes 8 fte librarians, 2 fte support staff, 3 fte grad assistants and other student assis­ tants. the information desk is also administered by the reference library. qualifications: required: mls/ala-accredited. four years of progressive and responsible experience in a large university or major research library, some within general reference. evidence of outstanding management, planning, organization, supervision, and communication skills in addition to experience in reference service, online searching, user education, and collection develop­ ment. strong commitment to responsive and innovative reference service. ability to meet university standards of research, publica­ tion, and service. preferred: reference service management expe rience including the application of new technologies to general reference service. desired: reading knowledge of a western european language. salary/rank: $35,000 upward, depending on qualifications. twelve-month appointment. faculty rank depend ent on experience and accomplishments. must meet university standards for research, publication, and university/community professional service. application: send application, resume, names, and addresses of five professional references by october 15, 1989, to: allen g. dries, library personnel manager, univer sity of illinois library (u-c), 1408 w est gregory dr., urbana, i 61801; (217) 333-5494. specific inquiries: contact susan bekiares, chairperson, search committee, (217) 244-2058. the univer sity of illinois is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. science online services coordinator/reference librarian. university of georgia libraries. the science library serves the biomedical, agricultural, and physical sciences. the 76,000 sq. ft. facility has 700,000 volumes and 5,500 curren journal subscriptions with a staff of 28. (salary minimum $21,000.) duties: the science online services coordinator manages the librarian-mediated search service and the end-user search pro gram and works closely with the main library’s online services coordinator. reference duties include providing assistance to users, participating in instructional and referral services, and de veloping the collection in assigned areas. the librarian assists patrons in making effective use of science databases and other library resources, including government documents. the librarian reports to the head of science reference. qualifications: alaaccredited mls; minimum of one year of database searching experience, preferably in science databases such as chemical abstracts and biological abstracts; demonstrated organizational ability; working knowledge of basic and scientific reference sources; effective oral and written communication skills; ability to evaluate resources and technologies; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships; coursework in natural or ­ ­ ­ l ­ t ­ ­ university librarian georgetown university georgetown university invites applications and nominations of highly qualified candidates for the position of university librarian of its main campus library system consisting of a central facility and three branches currently housing over one and a quarter million volumes. the university librarian manages a staff of 145 fte and a total budget of over $5.2 million. an integrated automated com­ puter system (geac) (online catalog, circulation, acquisitions, and serials) is operational. the li­ brary, a member of arl, is an active participant in the washington research library consortium. candidates should demonstrate proven adminis­ trative ability in a large academic library system; ex­ perience with information and computertechnology; strong commitment to the teaching, research, and service missions of the university; the ability to communicate effectively; a knowledge of modem management practices as applied to libraries; a commitment to regional resource sharing; experi­ ence in library fundraising; an understanding and commitmentto affirmative action and equal opportu­ nity ; and commitment to the goals and objectives of georgetown as a jesuit, catholic institution of higher education. the university librarian has primary responsibil­ ity for budget, facilities, planning, library services, collection development, fundraising, local library cooperation, personnel, and library automation. requirements are an ala-accredited master’s degree. an additional advanced degree in an appro­ priate subject field is highly desirable. candidates should demonstrate a record of increasing adminis­ trative responsibility and success in an academic research library. appointment to be effective if possible by febru­ ary 1,1 990, otherwise by july 1,1990. applicants should send a resume and the names of at least three references by october 30,1989. applications, nominations, and questions should be directed to: search committee for university librarian c/o marie-helene gibney office of the provost georgetown university washington, d.c. 20057 (202)687-6400 georgetown university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. physical science or a demonstrated interest in science literature desired; experience with the use of microcomputers desired; strong interest in academic or special librarianship desired. appli­ cation procedure: send letter of application by october 2, 1989, 772/c&rlnews including resume and names of three references to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. science reference librarian/coordinator of com­ puter services for the sciences and engineering at arizona state university. the incumbent serves as a reference librarian in the noble science and engineering library and is responsible for subject specialist support and training in the use of online databases, optical disks, indexes on the online catalog, and microcomputers. this is a continuing appointment-track position with requirements for professional development and service as well as excellence on the job. required qualifications: ala-accred­ ited mls degree; strong background in science (academic training and/or experience); demonstrated communication skills; experi­ ence with microcomputers; experience with or knowledge of en duser technologies/systems; experience using dialog, brs, or stn; science reference experience in an academic, research, or special library. preferred: undergraduate or graduate degree in the sciences; supervisory experience; instructional experience; sub­ stantial experience with program development, implementation and evaluation, especially of the introduction of microcomputers and vendor-supplied online databases into library service pro­ grams. salary: from $23,500 (negotiable, dependent on qualifica­ tions and experience). to apply: send letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and telephone numbers of four recent references to: constance corey, associate dean of libraries, hayden library, arizona state university, tempe, az 85287­ 1006; phone (602) 965-3417. recruitment will remain open until the position is filled, but review of applications will begin october 10,1989. asu is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. senior assistant or associate librarian (depending on qualifications). public services department. tenure-track, full­ time. salary range: senior assistant librarian $2764-$3830/ month; associate librarian $3487-$4847/month. application deadline is september 30,1989. qualifications: mls degree from ala-accredited library school or equivalent. minimum of 2 years full-time professional librarian experience. desirable: public serv­ ices librarian experience; supervisory skills and experience; com­ puter knowledge; experience implementing managing, or using an online circulation system. responsibilities: under the general di­ rection of the chair of public services, has administrative respon­ sibility for operation of the circulation unit, including circulation in both libraries, maintenance of general stacks, reserve book room, security, fines and billing operations, online circulation module coordination, and planning for compact storage of materials. may include other public service assignments such as reference. hires and oversees the training, development, and evaluation of circula­ tion personnel. submit letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and phone numbers of 3 professional references to: ann waggoner, chair, public services department, oviatt library, california state university, northridge, 18111 nordhoff st., northridge, ca 91330. an aa/eo, title ix, section 503 and 504 employer. senior catalog librarian. serves as primary resource to catalog librarians and assists with training. performs original and complex cataloging in several formats, including monographs, computer files, and foreign language materials. responsible for ensuring that the library's original cataloging conforms to national standards. assists the head of online catalog management with coordination of notis authority control operations among catalog­ ing agencies utilizing the university’s online system. manages and organizes departmental documentation and conducts workshops on current cataloging resources/practices as needed. serves as online system specialist for the department, working with the department head to coordinate nelinet/oclc and notis plan­ ning and maintenance. participates in departmental and library wide committees to plan for future developments and directions and to formulate policies and procedures. qualifications: ala accredited mls; 5 years professional cataloging experience in an academic or research library; substantive experience with lc classification, lcsh, aacr2, oclc, and marc formats; practical experience with integrated online systems, including online au­ thority control, highly desirable; reading knowledge of two or more foreign languages; and excellent communication and interper­ sonal skills. salary from $29,000, depending on qualifications. boston college, a co-educational jesuit university of 9,000 unde1 graduates and 5,000 graduate and professional students, is com­ mitted to the ideal of excellence and service to others. the central o'neill library provides an attractive and intensely used environ­ ment for study and teaching. the university libraries, with a staff of 50 professional, 90 support positions, and over 200 student assistants, are recognized as the focal point for research and information services at the university. fully automated since 198^, the libraries have just migrated to the notis system and continue to be leaders in using new information technology to enhanoe service to users. the library administration encourages participa­ tive management, open communication, and staff development sit all levels of the organization. benefits include 22 days vacation, tuition remission, and a wide range of insurance programs. appli­ cations received before october 15,1989, will receive first consid­ eration. to apply send resume and cover letter indicating position of interest along with names and telephone numbers of 3 refer­ ences to: richard jefferson, employment manager, department cif human resources, boston college, chestnut hill, ma 02167. an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. senior cataloger. responsibility in an academic library with major emphasis on serial cataloging and library of congress classification. mls required from an ala-accredited library school, minimum of three years experience. oclc cataloging and an interest in automated library procedures desirable. salary: minimum $29,500. position available december 1, 1989. send application, resume, and three letters of reference by october 1, 1989, to: robert c. smith, head cataloger, vassar college', poughkeepsie, ny 12601. aa/eoe. slavic reference librarian, responsible for advanced reference service for users of the slavic and east european studies central collection of the hoover institution, stanford uni­ versity. qualifications: an mls and a degree (a graduate degree preferred) in 20th-century european or russian history or equiva­ lent, with excellent knowledge of russian and a working knowl­ edge of at least one other european language; evidence of strong public service orientation in similar environment; proven ability to pursue bibliographic research and communicate clearly in oral and written english. salary ranges are: associate librarian: $30,900-$43,100; librarian: $35,200-$52,000. send resume and a list of three references to: neil mcelroy, head of readers' services, hoover institution, stanford, ca 94305. deadline for applications is october 2, 1989. hoover institution is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. systems coordinator with faculty rank. search reopened available january 1990. to coordinate libraries’ automated sys­ tem (notis); supervise database maintenance activities (catalog ing, authority control); coordinate use of ibm microcomputer class­ room including software and applications instruction; and partici­ pate in delivery of public services. required: mls from an ala accredited program or ms in information science. strong commu­ nication skills and the ability to work effectively with students, faculty, and colleagues. preferred: demonstrated knowledge of latest developments in micro-based applications and library autc mated systems in an academic environment. salary: minimum $22,000, commensurate with experience. send letter of applicsi tion, resume, transcripts, and 3 letters of recommendation to. david w. jordan, vice president for academic affairs, austin college, sherman, tx 75091-1177. review of candidates will begin october 2, 1989. eoe. systems librarian (search extended). participates in the ongoing development of an automated library information system and helps to maintain the efficient operation of existing automated processes. desirable qualifications are: working experience in a library processing environment; programming experience and/or coursework in assembler language and/or a block-structured higher level language such as pl/i, pascal, or “c,” preferably on a main-frame machine; knowledge of interactive transaction proc­ essing and batch text-processing applications. required: an mls from an ala-accredited library school or a graduate degree in a discipline related to information science. minimum salary $22,17(5. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of reference to: virginia f. toliver, director of library personnel and administrative services, olin library, washington university, box 1061, one brookings drive, st. louis, mo 63130-4899. applications will be accepted until october 31, 1989, or until the position is filled. september 1989 1773 employment eligibility verification required upon hire. washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. technical services librarian, williams college library. participates with the head of technical services in the manage­ ment of acquisitions, cataloging, and serials. performs original cataloging of monographs, serials, music scores, sound record­ ings, and videos. does authority work, both subject and name. oversees retrospective conversion and reclassification projects. performs online catalog maintenance. does complex bibliographic searching. directs the work of technical assistants and student workers. performs other professional assignments as necessary. maintains ongoing familiarity with technological advances. quali­ fications: mls degree. knowledge of oclc, lc classification and subject headings, the online catalog, and marc formats for rec­ ords, scores, and media. ability to work with foreign language materials. salary from $22,000, depending upon experience. send resume and names of three references by september 25,1989, to: james cubit, assistant college librarian, williams college, wil liamstown, ma 01267. an eo/aa employer. theology catalog librarian. saint john's university is seeking applicants for a theology cataloger who will be responsible for maintaining the bibliographic integrity of the theology collection at saint john's university. duties include, but are not limited to: cataloging theological materials, creating original cataloging rec­ ords, and assisting paraprofessional staff with general cataloging. some reference desk hours are required. saint john’s university, located in a beautiful wooded area in central minnesota 70 miles northwest of minneapolis/st. paul, seeks to educate students in the liberal arts within a benedictine catholic environment. st. john's university and the college of st. benedict, located 6 miles to the east, cooperate in all aspects of college life and enroll 3,800 students in the liberal arts. the st. john’s library supports a graduate school of theology and has close ties with the hill monastic manuscript library and the institute for ecumenical and cultural research. position requirements: ala-accredited mls and graduate work in theology, religion, or medieval studies; social sciences librarian swarthmore college has an im ­ mediate opening for an individual responsi­ ble for a full range of services including bibliographic assistance and instruction, preparation for and implem enting a 3-college automation project, manual and computer-assisted general reference and collection development. the position also includes supervisory responsibility for documents (u.s., pennsylvania, u.n.) and liaison with academic departments in the social sciences. applicants must possess appropriate subject matter graduate degree arid an ala-accredited mls. salary dependent upon qualifications, minimum $25,300. applications accepted un­ til position is filled. send vita and letters of recommendation to: michael j. durkan, college librarian, swarthmore college library, swarthmore, pa 19081. equal opportunity employer. working knowledge of german and at least one other modern european or classical language; working knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, and marc formats; excellent oral, written, and interper­ sonal communications skills. full-time position; salary based on qualifications and experience; minimum $22,000. excellent fringe benefits. requests for additional information should be directed to: michael d. kathman, director of libraries, media, and academic computing, alcuin library, saint john's university, collegeville, mn 56321; (612) 363-2119. a letter of application, resume, and the names, addresses, and phone numbers of three references should be sent to: herbert trenz, director of personnel, saint john’s university, collegeville, mn 56321. applications received by september 30,1989, will receive first consideration but the position will remain open until a suitable applicant is found. st. john’s is an eoe employer. university archivist: collects, preserves, catalogs, and provides reference service for the university archives and for papers housed in the research collections; creates and maintains finding aids for all materials housed in archives, including univer­ sity records, manuscripts, official publications, photographs, graphic materials, microforms, and audio-visual materials; is re­ sponsible for planning for selected automated access to archival materials; shares supervisory responsibilities for 1 fte and sev­ eral student assistants. reports to the head of special collections. position is a twelve-month, non-tenure-track appointment. qualifi­ cations: master’s degree, preferably in history or the social sci­ ences, or mls required. previous archival education/experience required. saa certification preferred. familiarity with library auto­ mation and microcomputer use desirable. knowledge of current archival preservation practices. ability and willingness to assist the public in a helpful and courteous manner. minimum salary $20,316. send letter of application, resume, and three letters of reference to: personnel office, box 1184, washington univer­ sity, one brookings drive, st. louis, mo 63130-4899. position will remain open until filled. initial review of applications will begin october 6, 1989. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. wu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. wzl government documents coordinator brown university library reports to the head, serials/documents department. responsible iur iiie manayerneni u i iiie lib ia iy depository collections (united states, united nations, : and rhode island), including budgeting for the purchase of the library material, processing of incoming material, maintenance of documents collections, provision of reference service for these collections, and promotion of the documents by means of bibliographic instruction. requirements: mls degree from an ala accredited library school: previous supervisory experience: familiarity with automated library systems: undergraduate specialty in a social science discipline such as political science or economics preferred: experience with u.s. documents preferred: experience in an academic/research library preferred. hiring range: $28,000-$35,000 based upon experience. to be assured of consideration, please send letter of application, resume and names of three references by september 30, 1989, to geneva ferrell, human resources department, box 1879/ mg582, brown university, providence, r l 02912. brown university is an equal opportunity/affirmative raiunijrt i nunii ic_»mi n l m / n r brown university 774 /c & r l news late job listings head, chemistry library, emory university libraries. available: no­ vember 15, 1989. has authority, responsibility, and accountability for admini­ stration of the chemistry library, including services provided to users, and projects developed to enhance user access (e.g., reference services, online searches, and library users instructions). selects reference and general collection materi­ als, primarily for chemistry. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls with undergraduate or master’s degree in chemistry. several years research, scientific or technical library reference experience. appropriate equivalent combinations of education and/or experience will be considered. background for applying com­ puter technology desirable. reading knowledge of one modern european lan­ guage desired, preferably german. knowledge and/or skill in searching chemical databases. understanding of scholarly research methods and information needs. ability to communicate effectively to establish and maintain effective working relationships with all segments of the academic community. demonstrated ad­ ministrative and supervisory competence. beginning salary and rank: depend­ ent upon qualifications and experience, minimum for librarian ii, $23,750; mini­ mum for librarian iii, $28,500. comprehensive benefits package. application procedure: send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and tele­ phone numbers of three references to: janet t. paulk, library personnel officer, robert w. woodruff library, emory university, atlanta, ga 30322. review of materials begins september 25, 1989, and continues until an appointment is made. emory university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. learning resource center head. oversee a-v services, including purchasing, distribution and production, and microcomputer lab. reports to li­ brary director. supervises 3 staff. ala-accredited mls or master’s in educa­ tional technology. some experience preferred. salary commensurate with experi­ ence, excellent fringe benefits. send letter and vita with 3 references to: mignon adams, library director, philadelphia college of pharmacy and science, woodland avenue at 42nd street, philadelphia, pa 19104. applications accepted until position is filled. aa/eo employer. librarian ii, search reopened. ala-accredited mls required. library experi­ ence preferred. management of technical services department including original cataloging and complex editing of oclc copy, supervision of cataloging staff, catalog maintenance, planning for technical processing operations, and participa­ tion in implementing an online catalog and circulation system. will also teach some courses in an undergraduate library science minor, participate in a four person reference desk rotation, and do dialog searches. $17,008-$26,019 (12 months) contingent upon qualifications and experience. group health and disabil­ ity insurance provided, tiaa/cref, classified state position. position available immediately and will be open until a suitable candidate is found. send letter of application and resume with undergraduate and graduate transcripts, and three original letters of reference to: darryl podoll, library director, valley city state university, valley city, nd 58072. vcsu is an eq/aa employer. life/health sciences librarian, (tenure-track position). idaho state university seeks an innovative librarian to develop its health sciences library, act as faculty liaison,and supervise collection development in the life and health sciences. pursue grants and other external funding opportunities, provide spe­ cialized reference service, including database searching. required: ala-accred­ ited mls. bachelor’s degree in the life or health sciences. experience with online searching. capacity to assume increasing responsibility for development and eventual management of a health sciences library; excellent oral and written september 19891775 communication skills. desired: graduate study in the life/health sciences or health-related professions. familiarity with academic library operations and services. supervisory experience. the eli m. oboler library is a modern, spacious facility in a small university town close to scenic and recreation areas. it has had an online catalog for six years. available immediately: recruitment will continue until the position is filled. salary: negotiable, $26,000/year minimum. generous; vacation and benefits. faculty-equivalent status. 12-month appointment. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, and telephone numbers o f three references to: charles perry, public services director, eli m. oboler library> idaho state university, pocatello, id 83209-8089. isu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. applications from women and minorities are espe­ cially sought. reference head. the university libraries of notre dame are seeking a creative experienced librarian to lead a dynamic reference department into service programs for the 21st century. the department consists of seven profes­ sionals plus support staff serving business, the humanities, and social sciences in a research university setting. services currently offered include reference desk, government documents, bibliographic instruction, database services, and interlibrary loan. a record of professional accomplishment and evidence of lead­ ership skills are essential. compensation is open and generous, with a salary of at least $33,000—the right person might expect significantly more. if you are open to the challenges of leading in a rapidly changing research library environ­ ment, we invite you to contact: peggy weissert, library personnel officer, theo­ dore m. hesburgh library, university of notre dame, notre dame, in 46556. while we will continue looking until we find the right person, our initial review of applicants will occur october 15, 1989. an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference librarian. university of wisconsin-stout located in menomo nie, northwest wisconsin, seeks a reference librarian with a teacher education (educational materials center) emphasis. serves at reference desk, in biblio­ graphic instruction, and as resource person for educational materials center; works with online public access information sources, and electronic indexes. requirements: mls degree; skill in reference interviews and library instruction; training or experience in teacher education collection development; experience in using microcomputers and software. desirable: experience or education in uw stout’s mission areas; e.g., industry, technology, home economics, business, voca­ tional rehabilitation, hospitality/tourism. appointment: annual, probationary academic staff. salary: $26,000. closing date: first screening of applications will begin on october 15, 1989, and will continue until a suitable candidate is se­ lected. send letter of application, resume, and names, addresses, telephone numbers of three references to: john j. jax, director of the library learning center. university of wisconsin-stout, menomonie, wi 54751. applications from women, minorities, and persons with disabilities are especially encouraged. reference librarian/engineering bibliographer, michel orradre library, santa clara university. readvertised. serves as primary li­ brary liaison to school of engineering and department of mathematics. develops and manages library collections. coordinates online searching. provides refer­ ence assistance and bibliographic instruction. required: mls or equivalent de­ gree from ala-accredited program and 3-5 years relevant professional experi­ ence; academic background or library experience in scientific or technical collec­ tion development and/or reference; prior experience with bibliographic instruc­ tion and database searching; strong interpersonal and communication skills. desirable: second master’s in computer science, engineering, or mathematics, 776/c<brlnews knowledge of modern foreign language, german preferred. santa clara is a jes­ uit university located 46 miles south of san francisco in the heart of california’s santa clara valley. initial appointment at either senior assistant or associate librarian rank, depending upon qualifications. 1989/90 salary range: $28,222 $46,560. apply by october 15, 1989, to: elizabeth m. salzer, university librar­ ian, michel orradre library, santa clara university, santa clara, ca 95053. santa clara is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. reference position, full-time, twelve-month, tenure-track position. will be involved in reference services and bibliographic instruction including use of the statewide online catalog, cd-rom workstations, etc. includes evening and weekend work. degree requirements for tenure: mls from an ala-accredited library school plus second master’s degree. experience in reference, academic librarianship, bibliographic instruction, and online database searching preferred. librarians hold faculty rank and are evaluated for retention and tenure in areas of primary duties, research, and service. salary: instructor, $25,140; assistant professor, $27,900. deadline for applications: october 15, 1989. send letter of application, resume, names, addresses, and telephone numbers of three refer­ ences, and transcripts to: cynthia johnson, administrative clerk, university library, western illinois university, macomb, il 61455. wiu is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. applications are especially encour­ aged from women, minorities, and handicapped persons. slavic catalog librarian, hoover institution, stanford university. one and one-half years appointment. performs cataloging of the slavic government documents (monographs, serials, and microforms), 1917 to the present, according to aacr2 and rlin standards. qualifications: an mls from ala-accredited school or equivalent, with background in russian history or political science; reading knowledge of russian required. previous experience doing original cata­ loging utilizing an automated cataloging system preferred. salary range: assis­ tant librarian $28,000-$38,750; associate librarian $30,900-$43,100. contact: joseph kladko, head of technical services, hoover institution, stanford, ca 94305; (415) 723-2054. application should be made by september 15,1989. hoover institution is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer. “i’ve traveled over 250,000 miles in 10 years just to ‘be there’ for my customers. “i’ve worn out about 10 sets of tires myself available whenever i’m needed, traveling from new jersey to pennsylvania to whether in person or by phone . . . why i connecticut and back visiting academic perform inservice training for new librarians. and i guess i’ve been through 40 custo m ers. . . why i use my experience to pairs of shoes in that time. but at ebsco we foresee and forestall potential problems with feel that to offer truly professional service your subscription program . . . whatever it we must offer truly personal service. takes'.' “in fact, ebsco has built its entire audrey greene operation around the concept of being there sales representative for our customers. we’ve located fully staffed at ebsco, we think and equipped subscription processing academic librarians centers near enough to our customers to should be served by experienced serials m ake in-person calls a routine occurrence. professionals who will ‘be there’for them. isn’t that what you expect from a and the serials support group located at professional subscription agency?each of these offices is com posed of trained professionals dedicated to responding to your needs quickly and effectively. “ ebsco realizes that its relationship with academic librarians is actually a challenging and sensitiye partnership . . . one that s e ubsc b ript s ion services requires its representatives to display not international h c eadq o uarters only serials knowledge and expertise, but p.o. box 1943 • birmingham, al also conscientiousness and genuine concern (205)991-6600 for customer needs. that’s why 1 make contact us today to lea o re m fer n en w ce p a u p bl d ic i a c ti s ons a bloomsbury government jobs today:iconography assistance almanac, current developments concern­ by elizabeth p. richardson. 372 ing employment, particularly of pages. list of illustrations. preface. the young, the elderly, women, introduction. appendices. indexes. 1989 90 and the disabled: 1989. $84 the guide to a ll federal quarterly journal. annual subscrip­ pictures are essential for document­ tion: $48; single issue: $15. 1989. financial and other ing the british artists, writers, and in­ (sampler on request.) domestic programstellectuals of the first half of this cen­ youth, the first issue in a series of four tury known as the bloomsbury group, edited by j. robert journals, addresses current develop­ which included virginia and leonard dumouchel. third edition. 749 ments concerning employment for woolf, roger fry, lytton strachey, pages. summary tables. index. america’s young people. identifies and e.m. forster. this is a systematic and annotated guide to reproduction 1989. standing order available. training opportunities; entry-level jobs; interview advice; and problems of books, periodicals, and exhibition $55 ^ in the future. catalogs of approximately 4,000 por­ traits, sketches, and photographs seniors, the second issue, reflects the from nearly 700 sources. return to the workplace by retirees, middle-aged, and older workers, who are contributing skills and experiences american battle to the job market. strategies are monuments: discussed for identifying job oppor­ tunities, the reassessment of skills, the mapping of plans for new ven­ a guide to battlefields and tures, and for the restructuring of cemeteries of the united traditional life-styles. states armed forces jobs today: w o m e n and jobs edited by elizabeth nishiura. 469 today: d isabled, available within the pages. illustrated with photographs, next few months, complete the four maps. foreword. index. 1989. $65 issues in the series. an illustrated compilation of docu­ ments from the american battle revised. enlarged. an invaluable monuments commission provides guide to government assistance all items on 60-day approval. letailed information on monuments programs. over 1,115 programs, 10% discount on standing orders. i cemeteries in many countries, 4,000 addresses and phone ntions include summaries of numbers. includes information ext of monument inscrip about government loans with and "'hotographs, and tips to w ith o u t interest; fellowships, able to veterans, 'mdiers, tourists, scholarships, living stipends; pe o no m bsc n ot ig bu r il a di p ng hics, inc. ■'ho wishes to how-to-apply for assistance; and detroit, ml 48226 ’rican serm uch m ore. m aste r index fax: 313-961-1383 features 130 two-column pages. toll-free phone: 800-234-1340 structure bookmarks september 1989/745 positions openacquisitions librarian to manage the activities of an eightperson, automated (innovacq) department responsible for or­dering, receiving, binding, and mending monographs and serials. the library has a materials budget of 1.5 million, acquires 12,000+ monographs per year through firm orders and approval plans, and subscribes to 5,200 periodicals. acquisitions librarian reports to the head of collection development. required: ala-accredited mls, experience supervising staff and managing project deadlines: orders for regular classified advertisements must reach the acrl office on or before the second of the month preceding publication of the issue (e.g., september 2 for the octo­ber issue). late job listings will be accepted on a space-available basis after the second of the month.rates: classified advertisements are $5.75 per line for acrl members, $7.25 for others. late job notices are $13.75 per line for members, $16.20 for others. organizations submitting ads will be charged according to their 746/c&rl news tember5, 1989 will receive first consideration. to apply send letter of application, resume, and names of at least 3 references to: elaine m. albright, director of libraries, raymond h. fogler library, university of maine, orono, maine 04469. the university of maine is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer.acquisitions/serials librarian (search extended). unique opportunity to participate in major new building and auto­mation project. responsible for acquisition and processing of periodicals, st andrew w. mellon curator of books and exhibi­tions. primary focus is on the period of the renaissance and early modern western civilization. curator will serve as overall coordinator, organizer, and administrator of folger public exhibi­tions. will work with head conservator in establishing conserva­tion policies and in selecting early printed materials for conserva­tion treatment. will be a resource for information about the library and its collections of printed materials. will suggest, when appro­priate, assistant director for collections management and reference servicesnorth dakota state universitynorth dakota state university libraries invite applications for the position o^^sistant director for col­lections management and reference services. the libraries are enhancincjj|[*)sition as part of its plan to develop a comprehensive coordinated program for collections managemer»m.ampus interaction. the successful candidate will provide leadership in establishing programswfflbh ■^igthen the libraries’ out­reac september 19891747 rcesiproncsibuilitilesa: mtianoagne a ll lcirciulbatirona dreipaartnment and reserve collection operations; supervise 12 (7.75 fte) library specialists; monitor library access, security, and use; interpret and apply library regulations; maintain complex departmental manuals; prepare written correspondence, forms, and proce­dures; provide reference desk assistance as a member of the library's reference services team; and plan for the eventual automation of circulation activities. requirements: mls or equival 748/c &rl news tion of the head of reference, assists the coordinator of biblio­graphic instruction in planning, developing, and providing library instruction and tours. provides in-depth reference and consultation service, collection development and evaluation, online searching, bibliographic instruction, and other liaison activities in the subject areas of forest and recreational resources. works with ten other reference librarians in providing reference service and freshman library orientation. qualifications: ala-accr application with resume and names, addresses, and telephone numbers of 3 references to: lisa ridenour, chair, assistant biblio­graphic instruction librarian search committee, r.m. cooper library, clemson university, clemson, sc 29634-3001. clemson university is an affirmative action, equal opportunity employer. the university is particularly interested in the applications or nomina­tions of women and minorities.assistant biology librarian. under direction from the biology librarian, the assistant biology li assistant director, social sciences divisioncolumbia universitythe assistant director for the social sciences division has primary responsibility for the public serviceactivities and operations of one of the libraries’ three major divisions. the staff of the social sciencesdivision includes 15 librarians (including 5 area studies bibliographers for africa, latin america, middleeast, slavic/eastern europe, and south/southeast asia), 25 supporting staff, and an fte of 22 studentassistants.the division include september 1989 / 749 2,000+ serial titles. its staff includes 2 fte librarians, .5 fte graduate assistant, 4.5 fte support staff, and other student assis­tants. qualifications: required mls/ala-accredited. one year of professional or preprofessional academic/research library experi­ence. extensive coursework or library experience in life sciences literature. online searching experience. research orientation and promotion/tenure eligibilities. preferred: experience in reference or bibliographic instruction; familiarity with pers responsibility for acquisitions, cataloging, preservation, and sys­tems; bears principle responsibility for technical services policies and goals, for coordination with collection management, public services, and administrative services divisions, and for relations with organizations providing major technical support to the librar­ies. required: ala-accredited mls; diversified and increasingly responsible administrative experience, preferably in the technical operation of a large research library, sufficien associate dean of university libraries for library servicesarizona state universitythe arizona state university libraries are seeking candidates for the position of associate dean of university libraries for library services. the successful candidate will be responsible forthe leadership and management of access services, acquisitions, bibliographic records, first, government documents service, instructional & information services, interlibrary loan, original cataloging & special languages, reference servic otl_________ll ll_the h caribfnorolinra astatre ieunsive rsityhead textiles libraryresponsibilities: under the direction of the assistant director for public services, has administrative responsibility tor the burlington textiles library. plans and develops programs in collection management and public services in support of one of the world's leading textiles programs. provides dynamic leadership in planning and implementing services that incorporate new technology in meeting textiles information needs. p 752/c6-rl news schaffner and communicates that activity within the northwestern university library system and the profession at large. coordinates schaffner's library science student intern program. coordinates the library’s technical services activities. assists in the selection and maintenance of the library's collections. qualifications: mls from an ala-accredited library school; excellent communication skills and familiarity with microcomputers, online searching, and cd-rom technology. one to two years experience pref tions will continue to be considered until position is filled. send letter, resume, and names of three references to: edward r. johnson, university librarian, oklahoma state university, 204 edmon low library, stillwater, ok 74078-0375. aa/eo employer. successful applicant must comply with irca.assistant university librarian, boise state university (search reopened). responsibilities: coordinate administrative functions under direction of university librarian; supervise public service department heads; parti associate university librarian for collection development and managementsyracuse university libraryresponsibilities: under the general direction of the university librarian, the associate university librarian for collection development and management administers, directs, and provides leadershipfor all collection development and preservation activities of the syracuse university library. has responsibility for collection development policy, allocation of materials budget, and selection decisions of bibliogr september 1989 /753 chief access services departmentpenn state university librariesacademic administrative position responsible for services which provide access to library materials. administers lending services, interlibrary loan, microforms, periodicals, and photoduplication sections, which furnish circulation, reference, and interlibrary loan support forthe main campus at university parkand at dispersed campuses across the state; analyzes and plans for system-wide circulation and document delivery activities; coordinates a assistant university librarian for technical and automated services, with faculty rank and tenure track. reporting to the university librarian, the assistant university librarian administers the acquisitions, cataloging, access serv­ices, and automation departments. provides leadership in the development of a unique integrated library system—sails— being developed for osu by swets of amsterdam. serves on university librarian’s management team and participates in longrange planning, resource allocation, an sity, 204 edmon low library, stillwater, ok 74078-0375. aa/eo employer. successful applicant must comply with irca.associate librarian ii, reference (search reopened). the university of maryland college park libraries invites nomina­tions and applications for an associate librarian ii, reference position in the graduate library. responsibilities: provides assis­tance in locating information or information sources; offers instruc­tion in the use of library resources; searches machine-readable databases; main 754 / c &rl news dean, school of information and library scienceuniversity of north carolina at chapel hillthe university of north carolina at chapel hill invites applications and nominationsforthe position of dean of the school of information and library sci­ence. the school offers a two-year master’s degree program leading to the msis or msls degree and a doctoral program leading to the ph.d. degree.the position will be available july 1,1990.the dean is the chief administrative officer of the school and reports to the pro ment, broad knowledge of collection management principles and practice, familiarity with bibliographic networks and local library systems are required. experience in reference work and library instruction, reading knowledge of german are desirable. candi­dates must provide evidence of leadership and planning abilities, excellent interpersonal skills, competence in oral and written communication, and ability to work effectively in a complex, con­sultative environment. ability to combine collection developmen september 1989 / 755 homer babbidge librarythe university of connecticutthe university of connecticut libraries hold the most comprehensive and extensive publicly supported research collections in connecticut. the homer babbidge library, the central library in the system, has reorganized its public and technical service divisions within the iasi year, creating a number of new and exciting opportunities for librarians who aspire to leadership positions.the collections development department has two searching, an 18station cd-r 756/cb-rl news director of academic library serviceseast carolina universitythe university invites applications and nominations for director of academic library services. ecu, with16,000 students in ten professional schools, a college of arts and sciences, and a school of medicine, is the third largest of the 16 institutions of the university of north carolina. located in greenville, nc, a rapidly growing community 90 miles from raleigh, durham, and research triangle park, ecu is the primary educational resource for the e sible for original cataloging in all formats in wln-based technical services unit. required: ala-accredited mls, knowledge of aacr2, marc, lc classification, and lcsh. previous profes­sional experience, familiarity with wln or other utility, foreign language skills, additional graduate degree, desirable but not mandatory. this is a 12-month, tenure-track faculty appointment. minimum salary $21,000 plus liberal faculty benefits including relocation assistance. review of applications begins september 20, 1989 qualifications required: mls; 3 years cataloging experience us­ing aacr2, lcsh, marc formats, automated systems (rlin, notis preferred); one western european language (working knowledge of other languages desirable); evidence of professional commitment; and good interpersonal skills. subject background in fine arts highly desirable. salary commensurate with qualifications and experience (minimum $23,000). applications due september 30, 1989. send cover letter, resume, and names and addresses of 3 references september 1989 / 757 pendent on previous relevant experience. applications received by september 30, 1989, will be given first consideration. apply to: lucy r. cohen, manager, library personnel and payroll services, 404 hatcher graduate library, university of michigan, ann arbor, michigan 48109-1205. the university of michigan is a non-discriminatory, affirmative action employer.cataloger/bibliographer of special collections.museum of comparative zoology library. harvard university. cataloging and bibliographic description of ing a multi-ethnic university population of 12,000 in the san francisco bay area. responsibilities: circulation desk and reserve book room; automated circulation system operation; stack mainte­nance; physical access and collection security; analysis of collec­tion use data. participation in implementation of integrated online public access catalog including circulation and reserve modules. required: ala-accredited mls; experience in working with an ethnically diverse student body; demonstrated ability to co 758/ c irrl news director of librariesuniversity of north dakota#9-211. applications and nominations are invited forthe position of director of libraries. the director reports to the vice presidentfor academic affairs, is a member of the university senate, and works with the advice of the university library committee in the administration and management of facilities which together comprise the largest library in the state. the main facility is 154,000 square feet. annual library budget: $1,725,000. staff: 36 fte full-time, colleagues; effective oral and written communication skills; a second master's degree in a subject area desirable. salary: $28,674 minimum, depending upon experience and qualifications. faculty status, tenure-track. submit nominations or letter of appli­cation with resume, three letters of recommendation, and copies of credentials and transcripts to: director's office, olson library, northern michigan university, marquette, ml 49855-5376. appli­cation review will begin after: october 15, 1989. starting date september 1989/759 degree in library science from an ala-accredited institution. at least five years experience in a college library, three of which have been in the supervision of library and audio/visual services. dem­onstrated ability to work cooperatively with other personnel in the system, willingness to work both day and evening hours as re­quired, and understanding of community college philosophy and purpose. application procedure: letter of application, current res­ume, names, addresses, and phone numbers of three ref professional and staff development. understanding of the service role of the library and of the division in a complex, comprehensive state university. knowledge of and commitment to automated information services. preferred: second master's degree, demon­strated collegial management style, understanding of the respon-documentation and training librarianpenn state university librariesfacu ity position with academic rank for an expe­rienced cataloger who wants broad responsibility in an innovative department. 760/c&rl news sibilities and demands of faculty status for library faculty, and experience with library automation. appointment: position is per­manent, tenure-leading, with faculty status and rank. librarians are expected to meet tenure and promotion requirements of the library faculty. tenure is as library faculty, not coordinator. conditions are: 12-month contract, 24 days annual leave, 11 university holi­days, 12 sick days, health/life insurance package with 80 percent paid by the university, retirement program choic brary box 5066, cookeville, tn 38505. minorities are encouraged to apply and to identify themselves for affirmative action programs. an aa/eeo employer.director of library services. north georgia college. twelve-month position available january 2, 1990. master’s of library science from ala-accredited school (doctorate preferred) with five years experience in an academic library. the 120,000volume facility employs five professional and six support staff and thirty student assistants. salary range: $30,000 documents librarian/social science catalogerpenn state university librariespenn state university libraries invites applications for the position of documents librarian/social science cataloger. we seek a creative, flexible individual who shares our enthusiasm for the concept of integrated public and technical service functions. this is a faculty position with academic rank at the university park campus library.public service aspects of this position involve a wide range of reference and instructional respon september 1989/761 four catalog librarian positionsthe university of alabama librariesmonographs catalog librarian—instructor level (new position).responsibilities: to provide, under the supervision of the head, monographs department, general original cataloging and editing of oclc copy for monographs in the main and departmental libraries. to assist with the formulation and review of policies and procedures in the department, and with conducting graduate school of library service internships.qualifications: required: an mls 762/c^rl news ies or related information agencies, supervisory experience, ability to communicate effectively, and to interpret and promote the library to the campus community. salary: mid to high $20s. to apply send letter of application, resume, and names of 3 references to: g. charles newman, c/o president's office, hilbert college, 5200 south park avenue, hamburg, new york 14075. applications are due by september 15, 1989, or until position is filled. hilbert college is an aa, eeo employer. qualified women, minoritie senior assistant librarian. $33,168-$36,372 for 12 months; 10month option available with proportionate salary reduction. duties include general reference desk service, specialist as physical sciences/engineering librarian, online searching, bibliographic instruction, and collection management. mls and recent profes­sional experience required. position announcement listing require­ments and preferred qualifications sent on request. write to: chair, search committee, c/o library secretary, california state september 1989 / 763 four positionskent state university librariesthe kent state university libraries and media services seek qualified candidates for four positions which offer opportunities for professional challenge and growth. the university libraries hold membership in the association of research libraries, the center for research libraries, and neomarl, a consortium of ten academic and research libraries in northeastern ohio. the libraries have fully implemented the notis online system in the main and five branch librarie 764/c&rl news and 5.0 staff employees. this working manager is responsible for: coordinating the original cataloging, copy cataloging, and pre­order searching of monographs, serials, government documents, media, and machine-readable datafiles; maintaining the database, catalog, and authority files; participating in the ullr’s department head's advisory group and serving on other standing and ad hoc committees; planning and implementing the department's goals and budget. required: mls from ala-accredited institution; at l science, etc.; has responsibility for coordinating collection devel­opment in pacific studies and may have selection responsibility in one or more subject areas; has reference and instructional respon­sibilities. ucsd librarians are expected, as academic appointees, to participate in library-wide planning and to be active profession­ally. qualifications: required: mls from an ala-accredited library school. applicants with successful experience in managing an academic library public services unit, developing september 1989/765 four positionsuniversity of north texasfine arts, assistant reference librarian. provide reference assistance for students and faculty of the largest fine arts department in the southwest. underthe supervision of the head of general reference, this position is responsible for providing collection development, bibliographic instruction, and database searching in the assigned area. qualifications: three to five years experience in reference, preferably in fine arts; subject specialization in art history, pref pates in oclc online cataloging, and has an ls/2000 local automation system. a complete application file consists of formal letter of application and current vita, official copies of all transcripts, and three current letters of professional recommendation, ^//ma­terials must be received before application can be considered. deadline for application: september 20, 1989. address applica­tions and nominations to: hsi-ping shao, dean of library and learning resources, harold g. andersen library, university of head of public services. ohio wesleyan university, a se­lective undergraduate liberal arts college with an enrollment of 1,900 is seeking a dynamic and innovative librarian to fill the position of head of public services. the new head of public services will be offered the opportunity to make a major impact on services, to advance our planning and evaluation process and to participate in the radical restructuring of the library. the head of public services is responsible for the management, development, and 766/c irrl news head, acquisitions department, technical servicesuniversity of georgia librariesthe head of the acquisitions department is re­sponsible forthe planning, coordination, and control of the acquisition of the libraries’ materials in all languages, subjects, and formats, excluding cur­rent periodicals and government publications. ma­terials handled by this department include those for the main and science libraries, all laboratory col­lections, and off-campus research facility libraries. the head reports to the campus microcomputer services also report to the head of public services. this position supervises ten staff members (3 librarians, 3 full-time and 4 part-time support staff), and works with staff from other library departments who devote time to public services. the head of public services is a member of the library management team and will actively participate in two major ongoing initiatives: continued implementation of an integrated library system (ls/ 2000), and integration of the “teaching library” ph september 1989 / 767 physical processing, and bibliographic records (online, wln, and card catalog). candidates must have: ala-accredited mls; ad­ministrative experience in academic technical services; familiarity with a major bibliographic utility, at least one foreign language, application of microcomputers, retrospective conversions, and bibliographic database management; and effective interpersonal and communication skills. professional position, salary ($25,000$26,500) depends upon experience and qualifications. women an education department committees. the six units of collection acquisition and processing (cap) that report to the principal librarian are responsible for acquisition and cataloging of all library materials, and for maintenance of the bibliographic infor­mation on the library's online catalog. all acquisition and catalog­ing are done on computer systems: oclc, oclc acq350, faxon linx. the library is a full cooperative online serials program (conser) member and has partial national coordinated catalog­ing oper interlibrary loan librarian/ assistant head, access servicesuniversity of southern californiaposition #127. reports to head, access services. responsible for interlibrary loan (ill), doheny express (document delivery), periodicals reading room.oversees the development of software package to manage the ill/document delivery functions. manages personnel resources, establishes policies and procedures, determines priorities, performs bibliographic verification, manages cost controls, prepares reports. works wit 768/c&-rl news yavarkovsky, director, new york state library, cultural educa­tion center, albany, ny 12230.head, systems and operations, to manage bibliographic control, acquisitions, collection development, serials, and auto­mated services with 4 professional and 8 paraprofessional staff. qualifications: ala-accredited mls, 3 years experience in techni­cal services with evidence of increasing supervisory responsibility, and good communication skills are required. knowledge of lcsh, lc classification, aacr2, and marc form and carry out its newly-established comprehensive preservation program for library collections. this individual will be responsible for preparing, implementing, and documenting conservation treat­ment of books, manuscripts, and pictorial materials; monitoring construction of and administering new conservation laboratory; implementing general preservation programs; and preparing newly-acquired materials for use by patrons and for exhibit. re­quires demonstrated ability to develop and carry out restoration an september 1989/769 personnel assistant for staff development and professional recruitmentuniversity of michiganresponsibilities: under the general direction of the manager, personnel & payroll services, the incumbent will have primary responsibilities for assessing staff development needs in the areas of automation, management and supervisory skills, continuing education, organizational effectiveness, and orientation. the incumbent will be responsible for planning, promoting, and coordinating the appropriate activities necess preservation program in the divisional and branch libraries. out­lines a broad preservation program for a specific collection, with particular attention to the replacement/reformatting of brittle books; develops and oversees implementation of procedures and workflows; develops and presents training modules for divisional library staff; writes narrative and statistical reports and other documents relative to project. participates with preservation office staff in managing ongoing programs (brittle books repl online catalog development librarian in the techni­cal services division, illinois state university, full-time, tenuretrack position. manages the development of the library’s online catalog; coordinates its growth and access; acts as liaison with public service faculty regarding the operation of the catalog; develops projects for full utilization of lllinet online (io), the state’s online union catalog, at isu. isu is a multi-purpose university with more than 20,000 students, located in the medium-sized u 770/c&rl news journal collections. responsible for description and cataloging of rare books, rare book purchasing, exhibits, and conservation. contributes to management of related archives and contemporary imprint collections in the history of medicine. qualifications include an mls or ma with specialization in history of medicine, experi­ence with automated library cataloging, familiarity with the anti­quarian book market, and reading knowledge of latin and german (facility in other european languages desirable). academ applications will begin november 1, 1989. employment eligibility verification required upon hire. washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.reference/bibliographer, sciences, research and in­formation services department, homer babbidge library, univer­sity of connecticut. responsibilities include providing reference assistance to library users; computer-based services, including online searching and cd-roms; instructional and orientation ac­tivities; faculty liaison with on september 1989/771 campus, serves all levels of users with special focus in thehumanities and social sciences, and is in an exciting period ofdevelopment as it seeks to expand its role in meeting the informa­tion needs of the yale community. qualifications: mls degree froman ala-accredited library school. two or more years of academicreference experience in the humanities and social sciences. read­ing knowledge of two foreign languages. familiarity with onlinedatabase and compact disc searching, the application of micro­compu evaluate resources and technologies; ability to establish and maintain effective working relationships; coursework in natural or university librariangeorgetown universitygeorgetown university invites applications and nominations of highly qualified candidates for the position of university librarian of its main campus library system consisting of a central facility and three branches currently housing over one and a quarter million volumes. the university librarian manages a staff of 145 fte and a total budget of over $5.2 million. an integrated automated com­puter system (geac) (online catalog, circulation, acquisitions, and serials 772/c&rlnews including resume and names of three references to: florence e. king, personnel librarian, university of georgia libraries, athens, ga 30602. this position will be filled only if suitable applicants are found. an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution.science reference librarian/coordinator of com­puter services for the sciences and engineering atarizona state university. the incumbent serves as a reference librarian in the noble science and engineering library and is responsible for subject speci boston college, a co-educational jesuit university of 9,000 unde1 graduates and 5,000 graduate and professional students, is com­mitted to the ideal of excellence and service to others. the central o'neill library provides an attractive and intensely used environ­ment for study and teaching. the university libraries, with a staff of 50 professional, 90 support positions, and over 200 student assistants, are recognized as the focal point for research and information services at the university. fully automate september 1989 1773 employment eligibility verification required upon hire. washington university is an equal opportunity, affirmative action employer.technical services librarian, williams college library. participates with the head of technical services in the manage­ment of acquisitions, cataloging, and serials. performs original cataloging of monographs, serials, music scores, sound record­ings, and videos. does authority work, both subject and name. oversees retrospective conversion and reclassification projects. performs working knowledge of german and at least one other modern european or classical language; working knowledge of aacr2, lcsh, and marc formats; excellent oral, written, and interper­sonal communications skills. full-time position; salary based on qualifications and experience; minimum $22,000. excellent fringe benefits. requests for additional information should be directed to: michael d. kathman, director of libraries, media, and academic computing, alcuin library, saint john's university, collegeville, mn 5 774 /c&rl news late job listingshead, chemistry library, emory university libraries. available: no­vember 15, 1989. has authority, responsibility, and accountability for admini­stration of the chemistry library, including services provided to users, and projects developed to enhance user access (e.g., reference services, online searches, and library users instructions). selects reference and general collection materi­als, primarily for chemistry. minimum qualifications: ala-accredited mls with undergraduate or master’s de september 19891775 communication skills. desired: graduate study in the life/health sciences or health-related professions. familiarity with academic library operations and services. supervisory experience. the eli m. oboler library is a modern, spacious facility in a small university town close to scenic and recreation areas. it has had an online catalog for six years. available immediately: recruitment will continue until the position is filled. salary: negotiable, $26,000/year minimum. generous; vacation and benefits. facu 776/c<brlnews knowledge of modern foreign language, german preferred. santa clara is a jes­uit university located 46 miles south of san francisco in the heart of california’s santa clara valley. initial appointment at either senior assistant or associate librarian rank, depending upon qualifications. 1989/90 salary range: $28,222$46,560. apply by october 15, 1989, to: elizabeth m. salzer, university librar­ian, michel orradre library, santa clara university, santa clara, ca 95053. santa clara is an affirmative action, “i’ve traveled over 250,000 miles in 10 years just to ‘be there’ for my customers.“i’ve worn out about 10 sets of tires myself available whenever i’m needed, traveling from new jersey to pennsylvania to whether in person or by phone ... why i connecticut and back visiting academic perform inservice training for new librarians. and i guess i’ve been through 40 customers... why i use my experience to pairs of shoes in that time. but at ebsco we foresee and forestall potential problems with feel that to offer oremfernenwce paupbldiciactisonsa bloomsbury governmentjobs today:iconographyassistancealmanac,current developments concern­by elizabeth p. richardson. 372 ing employment, particularly of pages. list of illustrations. preface. the young, the elderly, women, introduction. appendices. indexes. 198990and the disabled-:1989. $84the guide to all federal quarterly journal. annual subscrip­pictures are essential for document­tion: $48; single issue: $15. 1989. financial and other ing the british artists, writers,