







 
   
     
       
         A sermon preach'd June 1, 1699, at Feckenham in Worcester-shire, before the trustees appointed by Sir Thomas Cookes, Kt. Bart. to manage his charity given to that place by John Baron ...
         Baron, John, 1669 or 70-1722.
      
       
         
           1699
        
      
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             A sermon preach'd June 1, 1699, at Feckenham in Worcester-shire, before the trustees appointed by Sir Thomas Cookes, Kt. Bart. to manage his charity given to that place by John Baron ...
             Baron, John, 1669 or 70-1722.
          
           [4], 37, [1] p.
           
             Printed by Leon. Lichfield,
             Oxford :
             1699.
          
           
             Advertisement on p. [1] at end.
             Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Charities -- Sermons.
        
      
    
     
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           A
           SERMON
           Preach'd
           June
           1.
           1699.
           
           AT
           Feckenham
           IN
           WORCESTER-SHIRE
           ,
           Before
           the
           Trustees
           appointed
           by
           Sir
           
             Thomas
             Cookes
          
           ,
           Kt.
           Bart.
           To
           Manage
           his
           Charity
           given
           to
           that
           Place
           .
        
         
           By
           JOHN
           BARON
           ,
           M.
           A.
           and
           Fellow
           of
           Balliol
           College
           in
           Oxford
           .
        
         
           
             To
             him
             that
             soweth
             Righteousness
             ,
             shall
             be
             a
             sure
             Reward
             .
          
           
             
               Prov.
               11.18
            
             .
          
        
         
           OXFORD
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             Leon.
             Lichfield
          
           ,
           1699.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           To
           the
           Right
           Worshipful
           Sir
           Tho.
           Cookes
           ,
           OF
           BENTLEY
           ,
           Knight-Baronet
           .
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
        
         
           I
           Hope
           You
           will
           not
           be
           surpriz'd
           ,
           when
           You
           find
           your
           Name
           set
           before
           the
           following
           Discourse
           .
           As
           it
           was
           Preach'd
           at
           your
           Request
           ,
           so
           I
           think
           I
           have
           no
           reason
           to
           doubt
           of
           Your
           favourable
           Acceptance
           of
           it
           ;
           especially
           since
           I
           know
           You
           are
           perswaded
           ,
           that
           the
           Doctrines
           contain'd
           in
           it
           ,
           are
           both
           sound
           and
           seasonable
           .
        
         
           The
           Charitable
           Settlements
           which
           You
           have
           already
           made
           ,
           are
           a
           sufficient
           Argument
           ,
           that
           You
           firmly
           believe
           Good
           Works
           to
           be
           absolutely
           necessary
           to
           Salvation
           ;
           and
           Your
           very
           earnest
           Desire
           of
           perfecting
           Your
           more
           noble
           Designs
           ,
           notwithstanding
           the
           Discouragements
           You
           have
           met
           with
           ,
           farther
           shew
           ,
           that
           You
           look
           upon
           
             the
             time
             of
             Life
          
           to
           be
           the
           most
           proper
           ,
           if
           not
           the
           only
           time
           of
           doing
           good
           .
        
         
         
           As
           far
           as
           I
           remember
           ,
           I
           have
           never
           seen
           any
           just
           Discourse
           on
           this
           Subject
           ;
           and
           I
           heartily
           wish
           ,
           what
           I
           have
           here
           said
           ,
           may
           answer
           my
           chief
           design
           in
           the
           Publication
           of
           it
           ,
           which
           is
           ,
           that
           I
           may
           convince
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           of
           the
           danger
           of
           delaying
           their
           Charity
           
             till
             they
             dye
          
           .
           If
           I
           should
           not
           be
           so
           happy
           as
           to
           succeed
           herein
           ,
           it
           will
           yet
           be
           a
           great
           satisfaction
           to
           me
           to
           consider
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           so
           fair
           an
           opportunity
           of
           acknowledging
           Your
           generous
           Kindness
           to
           me
           ,
           and
           of
           assuring
           You
           withal
           ,
           that
           I
           am
           ,
        
         
           
             Honour'd
             SIR
             ,
          
           
             Your
             very
             Humble
             Servant
             ,
             
               JOHN
               BARON
            
             .
          
           
             Ball.
             Coll.
             Oxford
             
               July
               
                 11.
                 1699.
              
               
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           
             GAL.
             Chap.
             VI.
             Ver.
             10.
             
          
           
             As
             we
             have
             therefore
             opportunity
             ,
             let
             us
             do
             good
             unto
             all
             men
             .
          
        
         
           IN
           these
           Words
           there
           are
           three
           things
           contain'd
           ,
           
             
               I.
               A
               Duty
               recommended
               .
            
             
               II.
               The
               Extent
               of
               this
               Duty
               .
            
             
               III.
               The
               proper
               Time
               of
               performing
               it
               .
            
          
        
         
           I.
           The
           Duty
           here
           recommended
           is
           that
           most
           excellent
           one
           of
           doing
           good
           ,
           to
           which
           we
           are
           indispensably
           oblig'd
           ,
           both
           by
           the
           Principles
           of
           natural
           and
           reveal'd
           Religion
           .
           Right
           Reason
           directs
           us
           to
           it
           ,
           Almighty
           God
           has
           expresly
           commanded
           it
           ,
           our
           blessed
           Saviour
           ,
           while
           he
           was
           upon
           Earth
           ,
           exemplify'd
           it
           to
           us
           ,
           for
           
             he
             went
             about
             doing
             good
          
           ,
           Act.
           10.38
           .
           and
           he
           has
           likewise
           assured
           us
           all
           ,
           who
           are
           call'd
           by
           his
           holy
           Name
           ,
           that
           we
           must
           be
           exercis'd
           in
           it
           ,
           if
           we
           desire
           or
           hope
           at
           the
           last
           day
           to
           give
           up
           our
           Accounts
           with
           joy
           ,
           and
           not
           with
           grief
           .
           Notwithstanding
           the
           great
           heats
           that
           have
           been
           rais'd
           about
           Justification
           ,
           herein
           all
           agree
           that
           good
           Works
           are
           the
           necessary
           visible
           Fruits
           ,
           
           whereby
           the
           sincerity
           of
           our
           Hearts
           may
           be
           known
           ;
           without
           these
           our
           Hope
           is
           Presumption
           ,
           our
           Assurance
           nothing
           but
           a
           groundless
           Confidence
           ,
           and
           our
           Faith
           absolutely
           ineffectual
           .
           For
           
             as
             the
             body
             without
             the
             spirit
             is
             dead
             ,
             so
             faith
             without
             works
             is
             dead
             also
             ,
          
           Jam.
           2.26
           .
        
         
           II.
           The
           second
           thing
           to
           be
           observed
           is
           the
           universal
           Extent
           of
           this
           great
           Duty
           ,
           express'd
           in
           these
           words
           ,
           
             Let
             us
             do
             good
             unto
             all
             men
             .
          
           Our
           Kindness
           must
           be
           extended
           as
           the
           Blessings
           of
           Heaven
           are
           ,
           and
           the
           displays
           of
           our
           Love
           must
           reach
           like
           those
           of
           the
           Sun
           in
           the
           Firmament
           ,
           to
           the
           just
           and
           the
           unjust
           .
           For
           we
           are
           all
           Brethren
           ,
           descended
           from
           the
           same
           common
           Stock
           ;
           and
           he
           that
           is
           afar
           off
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           he
           that
           is
           near
           ,
           is
           (
           according
           to
           the
           Christian
           interpretation
           of
           the
           word
           )
           our
           Neighbour
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           true
           indeed
           the
           proud
           and
           ill-natur'd
           Pharisees
           of
           old
           ,
           restrain'd
           the
           sence
           of
           this
           Word
           ,
           and
           accordingly
           confin'd
           their
           Charity
           and
           Mercy
           within
           the
           narrow
           limits
           of
           their
           own
           Nation
           :
           But
           he
           who
           came
           
             to
             fulfil
             the
             Law
          
           ,
           to
           supply
           what
           was
           wanting
           ,
           and
           to
           explain
           what
           they
           by
           their
           false
           Glosses
           and
           ill-grounded
           Comments
           had
           darkned
           and
           perplexed
           ;
           
           He
           who
           was
           
             the
             way
             ,
             the
             truth
             ,
             and
             the
             life
             ,
          
           has
           taught
           us
           by
           the
           Parable
           of
           the
           good
           Samaritan
           taking
           pity
           on
           a
           Stranger
           ,
           
           that
           fell
           
           among
           Thieves
           ,
           that
           under
           the
           Gospel
           every
           Person
           ,
           who
           stands
           in
           need
           of
           our
           relief
           ,
           tho'
           he
           be
           as
           great
           an
           Adversary
           to
           us
           ,
           as
           a
           Jew
           to
           a
           Samaritan
           ,
           must
           yet
           be
           looked
           upon
           as
           the
           object
           of
           our
           Compassion
           and
           Mercy
           ,
           and
           of
           any
           charitable
           acts
           ,
           which
           he
           can
           receive
           ,
           and
           we
           perform
           .
        
         
           III.
           The
           third
           thing
           to
           be
           observed
           is
           the
           proper
           time
           of
           performing
           this
           Duty
           ,
           which
           is
           ,
           
             when
             and
             while
             we
             have
             opportunity
             .
          
           For
           though
           to
           do
           good
           to
           all
           Men
           ,
           be
           a
           Duty
           incumbent
           upon
           us
           ,
           yet
           we
           are
           not
           at
           all
           times
           equally
           oblig'd
           to
           the
           exercise
           of
           it
           .
           The
           cries
           of
           some
           that
           want
           ,
           never
           come
           to
           our
           ears
           ,
           and
           the
           necessities
           of
           others
           may
           be
           so
           great
           ,
           that
           we
           are
           not
           able
           to
           relieve
           them
           .
           No
           Man
           can
           be
           oblig'd
           beyond
           his
           knowledge
           and
           power
           ,
           neither
           will
           much
           be
           requir'd
           of
           him
           ,
           to
           whom
           little
           has
           been
           given
           .
           The
           Apostle
           therefore
           saith
           ,
           
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
             〈◊〉
          
           ,
           
             As
             we
             have
             opportunity
          
           ,
           let
           us
           do
           good
           unto
           all
           Men.
           The
           old
           Version
           is
           ,
           
             while
             we
             have
             time
          
           ;
           Dr.
           Hammond
           renders
           it
           ,
           
             as
             we
             have
             ability
             ;
             Grotius
          
           his
           Note
           upon
           the
           place
           is
           ,
           
             Dum
             manet
             haec
             vita
             ,
             While
             we
             are
             alive
             .
          
           All
           these
           put
           together
           will
           compleat
           the
           signification
           of
           the
           Word
           :
           for
           after
           death
           we
           can
           do
           nothing
           ,
           and
           in
           this
           Life
           we
           can
           then
           only
           be
           said
           to
           have
           an
           opportunity
           offered
           us
           
           of
           doing
           good
           ,
           when
           the
           wants
           of
           others
           ,
           and
           our
           own
           plenty
           meet
           together
           .
           So
           that
           what
           St.
           Paul
           here
           presses
           ,
           from
           the
           certainty
           of
           a
           reward
           ,
           which
           we
           shall
           reap
           in
           due
           time
           ,
           if
           we
           faint
           not
           ,
           is
           ,
           That
           we
           be
           merciful
           
             after
             our
             power
          
           ,
           and
           so
           far
           as
           we
           have
           ability
           ,
           embrace
           every
           opportunity
           of
           doing
           good
           
             while
             we
             live
          
           .
        
         
           These
           things
           being
           premised
           ,
           that
           my
           following
           Discourse
           may
           the
           better
           suit
           with
           the
           present
           occasion
           ,
           I
           shall
           endeavour
           to
           shew
           ,
        
         
           1.
           
           That
           't
           is
           upon
           several
           accounts
           more
           advisable
           for
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           ,
           to
           dispose
           of
           what
           they
           intend
           for
           charitable
           Uses
           
             in
             their
             Life
             time
          
           ,
           than
           to
           leave
           it
           to
           be
           manag'd
           by
           others
           after
           their
           Death
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           That
           Men
           of
           Ability
           are
           in
           Duty
           oblig'd
           to
           do
           good
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           I
           shall
           speak
           of
           the
           peculiar
           excellency
           and
           usefulness
           of
           those
           charitable
           Settlements
           ,
           which
           are
           design'd
           to
           promote
           and
           encourage
           Learning
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           And
           lastly
           ,
           I
           shall
           enquire
           what
           is
           the
           Duty
           of
           all
           those
           ,
           who
           more
           immediately
           enjoy
           the
           Benefit
           and
           Advantages
           of
           such
           Foundations
           .
        
         
           First
           I
           am
           to
           shew
           that
           it
           is
           upon
           several
           accounts
           more
           advisable
           for
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           ,
           to
           dispose
           of
           what
           they
           intend
           for
           charitable
           Uses
           
             in
             their
             Life
             time
          
           ,
           than
           to
           leave
           it
           to
           be
           manag'd
           by
           others
           after
           their
           Death
           .
        
         
         
           This
           Proposition
           I
           hope
           to
           make
           good
           from
           the
           following
           Considerations
           :
        
         
           1.
           
           That
           it
           is
           utterly
           uncertain
           ,
           whether
           that
           which
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           leave
           to
           the
           disposal
           of
           others
           ,
           be
           ever
           settled
           according
           to
           their
           original
           design
           and
           intent
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           It
           is
           a
           greater
           Argument
           of
           a
           free
           and
           generous
           Mind
           ,
           to
           dispose
           of
           what
           they
           design
           for
           charitable
           Uses
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           ,
           than
           to
           leave
           it
           to
           be
           manag'd
           by
           others
           after
           their
           Death
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           It
           shews
           they
           firmly
           trust
           in
           ,
           and
           more
           entirely
           rely
           upon
           the
           good
           Providence
           of
           God.
           
        
         
           4.
           
           It
           may
           conduce
           very
           much
           to
           the
           raising
           of
           their
           Affections
           from
           things
           below
           ,
           and
           placing
           them
           on
           things
           above
           .
        
         
           5.
           
           By
           settling
           what
           they
           design
           for
           charitable
           Uses
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           ,
           they
           will
           in
           all
           probability
           derive
           a
           Blessing
           upon
           themselves
           for
           the
           remainder
           of
           their
           Lives
           .
        
         
           6.
           
           And
           lastly
           ,
           The
           Reflection
           upon
           what
           good
           they
           have
           done
           ,
           will
           afford
           them
           great
           comfort
           and
           satisfaction
           when
           they
           come
           to
           dye
           .
        
         
           1.
           
           In
           the
           first
           place
           it
           should
           be
           considered
           by
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           utterly
           uncertain
           ,
           whether
           what
           they
           leave
           to
           the
           disposal
           of
           others
           ,
           be
           ever
           settled
           according
           to
           their
           original
           design
           and
           intent
           .
           For
           a
           Man's
           Will
           may
           be
           stifled
           or
           perverted
           ;
           it
           may
           be
           the
           interest
           of
           
           some
           ,
           that
           it
           never
           see
           light
           ,
           of
           others
           ,
           that
           it
           be
           interpreted
           quite
           contrary
           to
           the
           intention
           of
           the
           Testator
           .
           A
           Son
           does
           not
           always
           inherit
           the
           Vertues
           of
           his
           Father
           ,
           and
           those
           generous
           Principles
           whereby
           the
           one
           was
           governed
           ,
           are
           many
           times
           found
           to
           have
           little
           or
           no
           influence
           on
           the
           other
           .
           If
           this
           should
           be
           the
           case
           ,
           if
           
             the
             Son's
             eye
             should
             be
             evil
             ,
             because
             his
             Father's
             is
             good
          
           ;
           we
           must
           expect
           to
           see
           him
           ,
           instead
           of
           fulfilling
           his
           Will
           ,
           making
           a
           thousand
           trifling
           scruples
           against
           it
           .
           Either
           he
           will
           except
           to
           some
           particular
           Clauses
           of
           it
           ;
           or
           by
           objecting
           the
           contradiction
           and
           inconsistency
           of
           its
           parts
           ,
           he
           will
           at
           one
           stroke
           attempt
           to
           invalidate
           and
           overthrow
           the
           whole
           .
           Like
           the
           
             unfaithful
             Disciple
          
           ,
           he
           reckons
           all
           wasted
           that
           is
           set
           aside
           for
           God's
           Service
           ;
           and
           thinks
           his
           Father's
           giving
           any
           thing
           to
           the
           Church
           or
           Poor
           ,
           is
           a
           direct
           robbing
           of
           his
           own
           Children
           or
           Relations
           ,
           and
           consequently
           a
           sufficient
           Arguent
           that
           he
           was
           not
           in
           his
           right
           Mind
           .
        
         
           If
           the
           trust
           and
           execution
           be
           lodged
           in
           extraneous
           hands
           ,
           which
           have
           no
           such
           immediate
           relation
           to
           the
           Testator
           ,
           they
           also
           may
           be
           careless
           and
           negligent
           ,
           ignorant
           and
           unskilful
           ,
           Men
           that
           don't
           love
           ,
           or
           don
           't
           understand
           business
           ;
           they
           may
           disagree
           among
           themselves
           ,
           or
           have
           private
           ends
           of
           their
           own
           to
           promote
           .
           These
           are
           no
           impertinent
           ,
           impossible
           ,
           or
           maliciously
           
           contrived
           suppositions
           ,
           as
           appears
           from
           the
           frequency
           of
           Commissions
           for
           charitable
           Uses
           ,
           and
           the
           many
           Years
           distance
           between
           the
           Death
           of
           some
           Donours
           ,
           and
           the
           compleat
           settlement
           of
           their
           Benefactions
           .
        
         
           After
           all
           ,
           Admit
           that
           none
           of
           these
           things
           should
           happen
           ,
           but
           that
           the
           Executors
           ,
           out
           of
           a
           sence
           of
           their
           Duty
           ,
           should
           resolve
           to
           use
           their
           utmost
           diligence
           ,
           in
           order
           to
           the
           settling
           every
           thing
           as
           it
           was
           design'd
           ;
           yet
           the
           Charity
           it self
           may
           be
           such
           as
           cannot
           be
           so
           employ'd
           .
           When
           it
           comes
           to
           be
           put
           in
           practice
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           found
           contrary
           to
           some
           Constitution
           of
           the
           Realm
           ,
           or
           it
           may
           be
           inconsistent
           with
           the
           Customes
           or
           Priviledges
           of
           the
           Body
           or
           Society
           ,
           for
           which
           it
           was
           originally
           intended
           .
           There
           may
           be
           several
           other
           impediments
           ,
           which
           while
           the
           Charity
           was
           only
           in
           Theory
           or
           design
           ,
           could
           not
           be
           foreseen
           or
           prevented
           .
        
         
           The
           Civil
           Law
           indeed
           in
           such
           cases
           directs
           very
           well
           ,
           that
           when
           what
           is
           given
           for
           any
           special
           or
           determinate
           Use
           ,
           cannot
           be
           so
           applied
           ,
           it
           may
           be
           dispos'd
           of
           otherwise
           ,
           
           as
           shall
           be
           thought
           most
           necessary
           for
           the
           publick
           good
           .
           I
           think
           our
           Laws
           likewise
           make
           some
           such
           provision
           :
           nevertheless
           it
           is
           still
           most
           advisable
           for
           Men
           of
           Ability
           ,
           to
           fix
           what
           they
           design
           for
           Charity
           
             in
             their
             Life
             time
          
           .
           For
           by
           this
           means
           ,
           if
           one
           way
           be
           observed
           unlikely
           to
           take
           effect
           ,
           
           they
           may
           immediately
           resolve
           upon
           another
           .
           They
           may
           review
           their
           Settlement
           when
           it
           is
           made
           ,
           they
           may
           add
           to
           it
           ,
           they
           may
           correct
           ,
           alter
           or
           explain
           what
           they
           please
           in
           it
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           leave
           it
           entirely
           to
           their
           own
           satisfaction
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           to
           my
           purpose
           ,
           and
           therefore
           I
           must
           by
           no
           means
           forget
           to
           observe
           here
           ,
           what
           unexpected
           hindrances
           that
           
             Honourable
             Person
          
           ,
           who
           has
           already
           been
           a
           great
           Benefactor
           to
           this
           place
           ,
           has
           met
           with
           ;
           which
           though
           they
           have
           created
           him
           much
           trouble
           and
           uneasiness
           ,
           yet
           I
           have
           all
           imaginable
           assurance
           ,
           that
           his
           Heart
           is
           still
           fixed
           and
           ready
           ;
           and
           I
           do
           not
           question
           but
           his
           more
           diffusive
           Charity
           will
           in
           a
           short
           time
           be
           firmly
           settled
           in
           Oxford
           ,
           which
           he
           has
           long
           since
           designed
           ,
           as
           a
           completion
           of
           his
           other
           good
           Works
           ,
           so
           beneficial
           to
           ,
           and
           by
           the
           care
           of
           his
           
             worthy
             Trustees
          
           ,
           and
           
             skilful
             Masters
          
           ,
           so
           successfully
           carry'd
           on
           in
           this
           County
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           The
           second
           Consideration
           I
           would
           propose
           to
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           ,
           is
           this
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           a
           greater
           Argument
           of
           a
           free
           and
           liberal
           Heart
           ,
           to
           dispose
           of
           what
           they
           intend
           for
           charitable
           Uses
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           ,
           than
           to
           leave
           it
           to
           be
           manag'd
           by
           others
           after
           their
           death
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           certain
           that
           God
           has
           a
           peculiar
           regard
           to
           the
           thoughts
           and
           intents
           of
           their
           Hearts
           ,
           and
           't
           is
           no
           less
           certain
           ,
           that
           that
           onely
           will
           be
           accepted
           and
           rewarded
           by
           him
           ,
           which
           they
           
           dispose
           of
           
             not
             grudgingly
             or
             of
             necessity
          
           ,
           but
           with
           a
           free
           and
           ready
           Mind
           :
           
             for
             God
             loveth
             a
             cheerful
             giver
             ,
          
           2
           Cor.
           9.7
           .
        
         
           Now
           those
           who
           seek
           and
           embrace
           every
           opportunity
           of
           employing
           what
           they
           design
           for
           charitable
           Uses
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           ,
           do
           abundantly
           evidence
           this
           readiness
           and
           cheerfulness
           in
           giving
           .
           Whereas
           such
           as
           leave
           their
           Charity
           to
           be
           distributed
           by
           others
           after
           their
           Death
           ,
           which
           they
           might
           conveniently
           dispose
           of
           themselves
           whilst
           alive
           ,
           seem
           to
           have
           a
           certain
           secret
           reserve
           ,
           that
           the
           World
           shall
           never
           be
           the
           better
           for
           what
           they
           possess
           ,
           so
           long
           as
           they
           can
           reap
           any
           benefit
           from
           it
           themselves
           ;
           and
           by
           resolving
           to
           give
           part
           of
           their
           Substance
           when
           they
           dye
           ,
           they
           do
           in
           effect
           resolve
           to
           give
           nothing
           while
           they
           live
           .
        
         
           As
           therefore
           we
           pass
           not
           the
           best
           Complement
           ,
           and
           consequently
           lay
           no
           very
           great
           Obligation
           upon
           our
           Friends
           ,
           by
           offering
           them
           what
           we
           cannot
           any
           longer
           keep
           or
           make
           use
           of
           :
           So
           in
           the
           esteem
           of
           all
           indifferent
           Men
           ,
           there
           is
           little
           generosity
           in
           him
           ,
           who
           adjourns
           his
           Charity
           ,
           as
           Sinners
           commonly
           do
           their
           Repentance
           ,
           not
           to
           a
           more
           convenient
           season
           ,
           for
           the
           present
           will
           be
           always
           equally
           inconvenient
           ,
           but
           to
           the
           very
           utmost
           extent
           of
           Nature
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           goes
           naked
           out
           of
           this
           World
           ,
           meerly
           because
           he
           can't
           carry
           his
           
             Mammon
             of
             unrighteousness
          
           away
           with
           him
           .
        
         
         
           Such
           a
           Man's
           Charity
           ,
           if
           I
           may
           so
           call
           it
           ,
           is
           somewhat
           like
           that
           improper
           kind
           of
           Donation
           ,
           
           which
           the
           Roman
           Law
           calls
           ,
           
             Donatio
             mortis
             causa
          
           .
           Whereby
           he
           that
           gave
           any
           thing
           did
           it
           only
           conditionally
           ,
           
             propter
             mortis
             suspicionem
          
           ,
           in
           case
           he
           should
           dye
           in
           his
           Journey
           ,
           in
           Battel
           ,
           or
           of
           the
           Disease
           under
           which
           he
           then
           laboured
           .
           He
           had
           rather
           indeed
           the
           Person
           to
           whom
           he
           thus
           gave
           any
           thing
           should
           have
           it
           ,
           than
           his
           Heir
           ;
           but
           he
           still
           secur'd
           the
           propriety
           to
           himself
           ,
           so
           long
           as
           he
           lived
           ,
           and
           it
           many
           times
           happen'd
           that
           he
           lived
           long
           enough
           to
           repent
           of
           ,
           and
           revoke
           his
           Donation
           .
        
         
           Just
           so
           it
           is
           here
           :
           A
           Man's
           Will
           ,
           tho'
           never
           so
           solemnly
           made
           ,
           is
           during
           his
           Life-time
           ,
           provided
           the
           use
           of
           his
           Reason
           be
           continued
           to
           him
           ,
           changeable
           and
           ambulatory
           .
           So
           that
           he
           who
           gives
           any
           thing
           in
           one
           ,
           may
           grow
           out
           of
           humour
           ,
           and
           re-call
           it
           by
           another
           .
           The
           best
           and
           wisest
           of
           Men
           are
           very
           wavering
           and
           irresolute
           ,
           so
           that
           no
           one
           knows
           what
           a
           Day
           may
           bring
           forth
           .
           And
           suppose
           there
           should
           be
           no
           danger
           in
           the
           delay
           ,
           but
           that
           the
           former
           should
           stand
           unalter'd
           ,
           yet
           
             a
             Testament
             is
             of
             no
             strength
             at
             all
             ,
          
           
           
             whilst
             the
             Testator
             liveth
          
           ;
           and
           therefore
           that
           his
           design'd
           Charity
           ever
           takes
           effect
           ,
           is
           not
           wholly
           due
           to
           his
           Will
           and
           Intention
           ,
           but
           in
           some
           measure
           also
           ,
           to
           that
           standing
           unchangeable
           Decree
           ,
           whereby
           it
           is
           appointed
           for
           Man
           once
           to
           dye
           .
        
         
         
           If
           you
           could
           certify
           him
           that
           he
           had
           longer
           to
           live
           ,
           and
           that
           his
           Soul
           should
           not
           yet
           be
           requir'd
           of
           him
           ,
           he
           would
           be
           sure
           to
           hold
           fast
           his
           Possessions
           .
           His
           Desires
           would
           increase
           with
           his
           Heaps
           ,
           till
           at
           length
           they
           became
           capacious
           and
           unsatiable
           as
           the
           Grave
           ;
           and
           I
           make
           no
           doubt
           ,
           but
           the
           same
           tenacious
           Principle
           ,
           which
           hinders
           him
           from
           reaching
           out
           his
           hand
           to
           do
           good
           ,
           
             as
             he
             has
             an
             opportunity
          
           ,
           would
           equally
           influence
           him
           an
           hundred
           Years
           hence
           twice
           told
           ,
           if
           we
           could
           suppose
           his
           days
           to
           be
           so
           prolonged
           on
           the
           Earth
           .
           Those
           then
           afford
           us
           the
           highest
           demonstration
           of
           a
           noble
           ,
           a
           large
           and
           generous
           Soul
           ,
           who
           settle
           their
           Charity
           themselves
           ;
           thereby
           giving
           glory
           to
           God
           ,
           before
           he
           causeth
           Darkness
           ,
           before
           their
           Feet
           stumble
           upon
           the
           dark
           Mountains
           ,
           and
           they
           themselves
           fall
           into
           the
           ruines
           of
           Old-age
           .
        
         
           3.
           
           My
           third
           Consideration
           is
           this
           ,
           That
           they
           who
           dispose
           of
           what
           they
           design
           for
           charitable
           Uses
           ,
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           ,
           do
           thereby
           shew
           ,
           that
           they
           firmly
           trust
           in
           ,
           and
           more
           entirely
           rely
           on
           the
           good
           Providence
           of
           God.
           
        
         
           
             The
             Lord
          
           (
           saith
           the
           Psalmist
           )
           
             hath
             prepared
             his
             throne
             in
             the
             heavens
             ,
          
           
           
             and
             his
             kingdom
             ruleth
             over
             all
             .
          
           His
           Providence
           extends
           to
           all
           the
           Works
           of
           the
           Creation
           ,
           but
           he
           is
           said
           to
           be
           particularly
           concern'd
           for
           the
           Children
           of
           Men.
           We
           ought
           therefore
           to
           lay
           aside
           all
           anxious
           perplexing
           
           thoughts
           for
           to
           morrow
           ,
           and
           to
           cast
           all
           our
           care
           upon
           him
           ,
           who
           has
           promis'd
           
             not
             to
             leave
             us
          
           ,
           
           
             nor
             forsake
             us
          
           .
           And
           the
           best
           way
           to
           evidence
           this
           our
           reliance
           upon
           the
           good
           Providence
           of
           God
           ,
           is
           to
           make
           him
           a
           plentiful
           return
           of
           his
           own
           Bounties
           ,
           and
           to
           do
           good
           proportionably
           to
           our
           Ability
           with
           what
           we
           at
           present
           enjoy
           .
        
         
           We
           ought
           to
           remember
           ,
           that
           a
           considerable
           part
           of
           our
           blessed
           Lord's
           divine
           Sermon
           upon
           the
           Mount
           ,
           was
           design'd
           to
           remove
           our
           doubts
           concerning
           the
           things
           of
           this
           Life
           ;
           that
           we
           might
           not
           be
           troubled
           or
           discompos'd
           ,
           as
           the
           Heathens
           were
           ,
           with
           fearful
           apprehensions
           of
           future
           wants
           .
        
         
           We
           may
           learn
           from
           thence
           ,
           that
           our
           Life
           is
           more
           than
           Meat
           ,
           and
           our
           Body
           than
           Raiment
           ;
           and
           therefore
           we
           may
           surely
           conclude
           ,
           that
           God
           who
           is
           so
           able
           ,
           and
           so
           kind
           as
           to
           give
           the
           one
           ,
           cannot
           be
           unable
           ,
           neither
           will
           he
           be
           backward
           to
           give
           the
           other
           .
           We
           cannot
           but
           observe
           ,
           that
           the
           Fowls
           of
           the
           Air
           are
           plentifully
           fed
           ,
           though
           they
           contribute
           nothing
           to
           their
           own
           support
           ;
           and
           that
           the
           Lilies
           of
           the
           Field
           ,
           which
           do
           neither
           toil
           nor
           spin
           ,
           are
           yet
           so
           richly
           arayed
           ,
           that
           they
           exceed
           Solomon
           in
           all
           his
           glory
           .
           And
           having
           such
           demonstrative
           Arguments
           of
           God's
           Providence
           ,
           over
           Beings
           of
           an
           inferior
           Class
           ,
           we
           may
           be
           very
           confident
           that
           
           his
           watchful
           eye
           is
           over
           Man
           ,
           who
           being
           made
           in
           his
           own
           Image
           ,
           is
           the
           perfection
           and
           master-piece
           of
           this
           lower
           World.
           
        
         
           The
           case
           of
           the
           Gentiles
           was
           far
           otherwise
           :
           the
           Idols
           they
           adored
           were
           Wood
           and
           Stone
           ,
           the
           work
           of
           Men's
           hands
           ;
           which
           they
           saw
           stood
           in
           need
           of
           the
           help
           and
           protection
           of
           their
           Votaries
           ,
           whose
           wants
           they
           were
           ignorant
           of
           ,
           and
           so
           could
           by
           no
           means
           be
           thought
           able
           to
           supply
           them
           ;
           upon
           this
           account
           it
           was
           no
           great
           wonder
           ,
           that
           they
           were
           so
           very
           solicitous
           for
           themselves
           .
           But
           if
           we
           ,
           who
           worship
           the
           true
           living
           GOD
           ,
           who
           understands
           all
           our
           necessities
           before
           we
           ask
           ,
           and
           has
           promis'd
           in
           his
           due
           time
           to
           relieve
           them
           ;
           if
           we
           should
           continue
           to
           disquiet
           our selves
           about
           distant
           Events
           ,
           and
           future
           Contingencies
           ,
           it
           might
           justly
           be
           thought
           ,
           that
           we
           have
           not
           learned
           CHRIST
           so
           perfectly
           as
           we
           should
           ,
           and
           that
           this
           distrust
           of
           ours
           proceeds
           from
           a
           very
           great
           weakness
           ,
           if
           not
           from
           a
           total
           want
           of
           Faith.
           And
           as
           there
           is
           some
           reason
           to
           suspect
           ,
           that
           the
           same
           evil
           distrustful
           Heart
           is
           in
           those
           ,
           who
           defer
           their
           Charity
           
             till
             they
             dye
          
           ,
           so
           the
           best
           method
           of
           removing
           all
           just
           grounds
           of
           such
           a
           suspicion
           ,
           is
           to
           be
           rich
           in
           good
           Works
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           .
           For
           he
           that
           disperseth
           abroad
           ,
           and
           is
           glad
           to
           distribute
           to
           the
           necessities
           of
           others
           ,
           gives
           all
           the
           World
           a
           satisfactory
           and
           convincing
           Proof
           ,
           that
           
           he
           firmly
           believes
           in
           God
           ,
           and
           entirely
           depends
           upon
           his
           never-failing
           Providence
           ,
           for
           the
           supply
           of
           his
           own
           .
        
         
           4.
           
           I
           desire
           it
           may
           be
           considered
           by
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           ,
           that
           the
           disposing
           of
           their
           Charity
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           ,
           may
           conduce
           very
           much
           to
           the
           raising
           of
           their
           Affections
           from
           things
           below
           ,
           and
           placing
           them
           on
           things
           above
           .
           The
           conversation
           of
           all
           true
           Christians
           is
           in
           Heaven
           ,
           there
           they
           ought
           to
           set
           their
           Affections
           ,
           
           even
           while
           they
           sojourn
           upon
           Earth
           .
           For
           they
           are
           but
           Strangers
           and
           Pilgrims
           here
           below
           ,
           and
           therefore
           they
           must
           not
           irregularly
           love
           the
           World
           ,
           neither
           the
           things
           of
           the
           World.
           
             If
             any
             man
             love
             the
             world
             ,
          
           
           
             the
             love
             of
             the
             Father
             is
             not
             in
             him
             .
          
           The
           Friendship
           of
           the
           World
           is
           direct
           irreconcileable
           enmity
           against
           God
           ,
           and
           an
           immoderate
           desire
           of
           earthly
           Enjoyments
           is
           the
           root
           of
           all
           evil
           .
           We
           can't
           serve
           God
           and
           Mammon
           .
        
         
           Would
           we
           be
           able
           then
           to
           wean
           our
           Thoughts
           from
           all
           that
           looks
           great
           and
           inviting
           here
           ?
           Would
           we
           be
           able
           to
           raise
           our
           Minds
           to
           an
           heavenly
           frame
           and
           temper
           ?
           The
           way
           and
           means
           hereto
           ,
           is
           to
           return
           our
           Money
           into
           the
           other
           World.
           
             Lay
             up
          
           (
           saith
           our
           Saviour
           )
           
             for
             your selves
             treasures
             in
             Heaven
          
           ,
           
           
             for
             where
             your
             treasure
             is
             ,
             there
             will
             your
             heart
             be
             also
             .
          
           Where-ever
           we
           are
           ,
           our
           Affections
           will
           always
           point
           
           toward
           the
           beloved
           Object
           ,
           and
           whilst
           our
           Treasures
           are
           those
           of
           this
           World
           ,
           we
           shall
           not
           easily
           be
           brought
           to
           be
           intent
           on
           the
           next
           .
           But
           if
           we
           do
           good
           with
           what
           we
           possess
           ,
           we
           are
           then
           said
           to
           
             lend
             unto
             the
             Lord
          
           ;
           and
           it
           will
           be
           no
           difficult
           matter
           to
           elevate
           our
           Desires
           ,
           and
           to
           fix
           them
           on
           Heaven
           ,
           when
           once
           we
           have
           remitted
           our
           Treasure
           thither
           .
           Then
           we
           shall
           be
           wholly
           at
           leisure
           for
           Divine
           Contemplations
           ,
           never
           to
           be
           interrupted
           or
           distracted
           by
           any
           of
           those
           Casualties
           ,
           which
           trouble
           the
           thoughts
           of
           the
           Children
           of
           this
           World.
           
             There
             will
             be
             no
             moth
             ,
             nor
             rust
             to
             corrupt
             ,
             no
          
           secret
           or
           avowed
           
             thieves
             to
             break
             through
             and
             steal
             .
          
           And
           whereas
           the
           most
           cautious
           and
           subtle
           Usurer
           upon
           Earth
           is
           somtimes
           cheated
           and
           disappointed
           ;
           they
           who
           give
           credit
           to
           the
           sovereign
           Lord
           of
           all
           ,
           need
           fear
           no
           disadvantageous
           Compositions
           ,
           no
           shuffling
           or
           discount
           :
           they
           are
           sure
           of
           receiving
           their
           own
           again
           with
           usury
           ,
           either
           an
           hundred-fold
           in
           this
           World
           ,
           or
           in
           the
           World
           to
           come
           Everlasting
           Life
           .
        
         
           5.
           
           It
           is
           worthy
           the
           consideration
           of
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           ,
           That
           by
           disposing
           of
           their
           own
           Charity
           ,
           they
           will
           in
           all
           probability
           derive
           a
           Blessing
           upon
           themselves
           for
           the
           remainder
           of
           their
           Lives
           .
           Righteous
           and
           Merciful
           Men
           are
           the
           peculiar
           Favourites
           of
           Heaven
           ,
           and
           by
           a
           secret
           and
           undiscerned
           Providence
           ,
           all
           things
           are
           made
           
           to
           work
           together
           for
           their
           good
           .
           
             Lose
             thy
             mony
          
           (
           saith
           the
           Son
           of
           
             Syrach
             )
             for
             thy
             brother
             and
             thy
             friend
             ,
             and
             let
             it
             not
             rust
             under
             a
             stone
             to
             be
             lost
             .
             Lay
             up
             thy
             treasure
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             commandments
             of
             the
             most
             High
             ,
             and
             it
             shall
             bring
             thee
             more
             profit
             than
             gold
             .
             Shut
             up
             alms
             in
             thy
             store-houses
             ,
             and
             it
             shall
             deliver
             thee
             from
             all
             affliction
             .
             It
             shall
             fight
             for
             thee
             against
             thy
             enemies
             ,
             better
             than
             a
             mighty
             shield
             and
             strong
             spear
             ,
          
           Ecclus.
           29.
           
        
         
           As
           for
           what
           the
           poor
           Miser
           objects
           ,
           That
           Charity
           is
           wholly
           inconsistent
           with
           our
           temporal
           Interest
           ,
           and
           that
           by
           doing
           good
           to
           others
           we
           shall
           in
           a
           short
           time
           impoverish
           our selves
           and
           our
           Families
           ;
           't
           is
           spoken
           with
           as
           much
           ease
           ,
           and
           as
           little
           reason
           ,
           as
           other
           Calumnies
           are
           ,
           by
           Men
           who
           dare
           speak
           any
           thing
           but
           what
           is
           true
           ,
           and
           do
           any
           thing
           but
           what
           is
           good
           .
        
         
           The
           Royal
           Psalmist
           was
           a
           Man
           of
           Years
           and
           Experience
           ,
           when
           he
           declared
           ,
           
             That
             he
             had
             never
             seen
             the
             righteous
             forsaken
             ,
          
           
           
             nor
             his
             seed
             begging
             bread
          
           .
           And
           his
           Son
           Solomon
           ,
           so
           justly
           celebrated
           for
           his
           Wisdom
           ,
           
           observed
           ,
           that
           
             there
             was
             that
             made
             himself
             rich
             ,
             and
             yet
             had
             nothing
             ,
             and
             there
             was
             that
             made
             himself
             poor
             ,
             and
             yet
             had
             great
             riches
             .
          
           And
           again
           ,
           that
           
             there
             was
             that
             scattered
             ,
             and
             yet
             increased
             ,
             and
             there
             was
             that
             with-held
             more
             than
             was
             meet
             ,
             and
             it
             tended
             
             to
             poverty
             .
          
           
           
             That
             the
             liberal
             soul
             was
             made
             fat
             ,
             and
             he
             that
             watered
             ,
             was
             watered
             also
             himself
             .
          
           Our
           Heavenly
           Father
           ,
           who
           is
           the
           Fountain
           and
           onely
           dispenser
           of
           all
           Plenty
           ,
           and
           from
           whom
           alone
           
             every
             good
             gift
             cometh
          
           ,
           is
           always
           able
           ,
           
           and
           does
           many
           times
           reward
           the
           liberal
           Man
           with
           temporal
           Blessings
           ,
           improving
           every
           Alms
           which
           he
           gives
           ,
           
           like
           the
           Oyl
           in
           the
           poor
           Widow's
           Cruse
           ,
           which
           was
           so
           far
           from
           failing
           ,
           that
           it
           increased
           in
           spending
           ,
           and
           grew
           more
           by
           being
           consumed
           .
        
         
           I
           own
           this
           is
           not
           universally
           true
           :
           the
           charitable
           Man
           does
           not
           always
           meet
           with
           a
           proportionable
           recompence
           in
           this
           World.
           But
           then
           it
           should
           be
           farther
           considered
           ,
           that
           when
           it
           pleases
           God
           otherwise
           to
           order
           things
           ,
           and
           to
           fail
           him
           in
           his
           returns
           here
           ,
           he
           has
           for
           his
           security
           the
           Promise
           of
           him
           who
           is
           Truth
           it self
           ,
           with
           whom
           is
           
             no
             variableness
             or
             shadow
             of
             turning
             ,
          
           that
           he
           shall
           be
           amply
           rewarded
           at
           Resurrection
           of
           the
           Just.
           
        
         
           And
           besides
           all
           this
           ,
           if
           we
           should
           farther
           suppose
           that
           God
           ,
           for
           the
           tryal
           of
           his
           Patience
           ,
           or
           
             out
             of
             very
             faithfulness
             ,
             should
             cause
             him
             to
             be
             troubled
             :
          
           If
           he
           should
           suffer
           by
           any
           common
           Calamity
           ,
           if
           any
           fatal
           Change
           ,
           any
           sudden
           extraordinary
           Revolution
           of
           State
           should
           reach
           him
           among
           others
           ;
           in
           a
           word
           ,
           if
           
             poverty
             should
             overtake
             him
             like
             an
             armed
             man
             ,
          
           yet
           he
           has
           
           this
           apparent
           advantage
           over
           the
           unmerciful
           Worldling
           ,
           that
           the
           good
           deeds
           which
           he
           has
           done
           ,
           will
           recommend
           him
           to
           the
           liberality
           of
           others
           ,
           and
           the
           
             light
             afflictions
          
           ,
           which
           he
           here
           indures
           ,
           
             will
             procure
             him
             a
             far
             more
             exceeding
             and
             an
             eternal
             weight
             of
             glory
             .
          
           2
           Cor.
           4.17
           .
        
         
           6.
           
           And
           lastly
           ,
           It
           ought
           to
           be
           considered
           by
           Men
           of
           Ability
           ,
           that
           the
           Reflection
           upon
           what
           good
           they
           have
           done
           ,
           
             in
             their
             Life
          
           ,
           will
           afford
           them
           great
           comfort
           and
           satisfaction
           ,
           when
           they
           come
           to
           dye
           .
           This
           is
           as
           important
           a
           Consideration
           as
           can
           well
           be
           ,
           for
           the
           thoughts
           of
           this
           great
           Change
           do
           naturally
           affright
           and
           disturb
           the
           Soul
           ,
           which
           never
           stands
           in
           more
           need
           of
           comfort
           ,
           than
           at
           the
           time
           of
           its
           separation
           .
           The
           best
           Men
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           laid
           on
           the
           Bed
           of
           Sickness
           ,
           feel
           some
           disorder
           within
           ,
           some
           doubts
           arising
           concerning
           their
           Salvation
           ;
           they
           are
           perplexed
           and
           divided
           between
           Hope
           and
           Fear
           ,
           Nature
           and
           Grace
           .
           Now
           the
           most
           effectual
           way
           of
           removing
           these
           disquietudes
           ,
           and
           of
           procuring
           rest
           for
           our
           Souls
           at
           the
           hour
           of
           Death
           ,
           is
           to
           reflect
           upon
           what
           good
           we
           have
           done
           in
           the
           healthful
           and
           vigorous
           part
           of
           our
           Lives
           .
           Alms
           are
           a
           lasting
           foundation
           ,
           
           and
           a
           sure
           Pledge
           of
           Peace
           and
           Tranquillity
           ;
           and
           good
           Works
           ,
           which
           are
           done
           out
           of
           an
           unfeign'd
           Faith
           in
           Jesus
           Christ
           ,
           
           will
           deliver
           from
           Death
           ,
           and
           contribute
           very
           much
           to
           
             the
             covering
             a
             multitude
             of
             
             sins
             .
          
           
           
             I
             do
             not
             remember
             (
             
               saith
               St.
            
             Jerom
             )
             that
             I
             have
             read
             ,
             that
             ever
             any
             charitable
             Person
             dyed
             an
             evil
             Death
             ;
             for
             having
             the
             Holy
             Spirit
             for
             his
             Comforter
             ,
             a
             good
             Conscience
             for
             his
             Testimony
             ,
             and
             CHRIST
             for
             his
             Advocate
             ,
             he
             can
             with
             cheerfulness
             commit
             his
             Soul
             to
             God
             ,
             as
             to
             a
             faithful
             Creator
             .
          
           'T
           is
           a
           mighty
           ease
           and
           refreshment
           to
           him
           ,
           to
           remember
           ,
           that
           he
           has
           clothed
           the
           Naked
           ,
           fed
           the
           Hungry
           ,
           entertain'd
           the
           Stranger
           ,
           and
           visited
           those
           that
           were
           sick
           and
           in
           Prison
           ;
           and
           to
           consider
           withal
           ,
           that
           whatsoever
           kindness
           or
           mercy
           he
           has
           shew'd
           to
           his
           necessitous
           Neighbour
           ,
           will
           be
           as
           well
           accepted
           by
           Christ
           ,
           as
           if
           it
           had
           been
           immediately
           done
           unto
           himself
           .
           
           If
           amidst
           these
           joyful
           composing
           Reflections
           ,
           the
           great
           Enemy
           and
           Accuser
           of
           Mankind
           should
           raise
           any
           distrustful
           thoughts
           in
           his
           Heart
           ,
           he
           can
           presently
           fly
           for
           refuge
           to
           the
           
             Father
             of
             Mercies
          
           ,
           who
           knows
           and
           pities
           his
           Infirmities
           ,
           and
           who
           will
           the
           rather
           deliver
           him
           because
           he
           observes
           his
           Confidence
           is
           ballanced
           with
           Reverence
           ,
           Humility
           and
           Godly
           Fear
           .
        
         
           As
           for
           cruel
           uncharitable
           Men
           ,
           it
           is
           not
           so
           with
           them
           ;
           at
           the
           approach
           of
           Death
           ,
           when
           
             the
             terrors
             of
             the
             Lord
             set
             themselves
             in
             aray
             against
             them
             ,
          
           
           fearfulness
           and
           trembling
           comes
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           an
           horrible
           dread
           overwhelms
           them
           ;
           they
           are
           
             like
             the
             troubled
             sea
          
           ,
           
           
             which
             
             cannot
             rest
          
           .
           The
           sensual
           Delights
           which
           they
           heretofore
           so
           eagerly
           pursued
           ,
           can
           now
           entertain
           or
           divert
           them
           no
           more
           ,
           neither
           will
           their
           Treasures
           of
           Wickedness
           profit
           them
           in
           this
           day
           of
           wrath
           .
           They
           may
           look
           for
           some
           to
           have
           pity
           on
           them
           ,
           but
           they
           will
           find
           none
           ;
           none
           that
           can
           redeem
           their
           Souls
           ,
           or
           make
           an
           Agreement
           with
           God
           for
           them
           .
           They
           are
           left
           perfectly
           as
           Men
           without
           Hope
           ,
           which
           is
           certainly
           the
           most
           miserable
           condition
           they
           can
           be
           in
           on
           this
           side
           Hell.
           They
           remember
           that
           they
           many
           times
           stopped
           their
           ears
           ,
           and
           turned
           their
           faces
           from
           the
           poor
           and
           needy
           ,
           and
           therefore
           they
           conclude
           that
           the
           face
           of
           the
           Lord
           will
           be
           turned
           away
           from
           them
           :
           and
           as
           they
           shewed
           no
           mercy
           ,
           so
           they
           are
           under
           
             a
             certain
             fearful
             looking
             for
             of
             judgment
             without
             mercy
             .
          
           The
           bitterness
           of
           their
           Souls
           makes
           them
           long
           for
           Death
           ,
           and
           yet
           the
           sence
           of
           approaching
           Vengeance
           makes
           them
           afraid
           to
           dye
           .
           I
           shall
           conclude
           this
           Consideration
           with
           the
           words
           of
           the
           truly
           pious
           Bishop
           Taylor
           :
           
             Certain
             it
             is
             ,
             (
             saith
             he
             )
             God
             cannot
             ,
             
             will
             not
             ,
             never
             did
             reject
             a
             charitable
             Person
             in
             his
             greatest
             needs
             and
             most
             passionate
             Prayers
             .
             For
             God
             himself
             is
             Love
             ,
             and
             every
             degree
             of
             Charity
             that
             dwells
             in
             us
             is
             the
             participation
             of
             the
             Divine
             Nature
             :
             and
             therefore
             when
             upon
             our
             Death-bed
             a
             cloud
             covers
             our
             Head
             ,
             and
             we
             are
             enwrapped
             with
             
             sorrow
             ,
             when
             we
             feel
             the
             weight
             of
             a
             sickness
             ,
             and
             do
             not
             feel
             the
             refreshing
             Visitations
             of
             God's
             Loving-kindness
             ,
             when
             we
             have
             many
             things
             to
             trouble
             us
             ,
             and
             looking
             round
             about
             us
             ,
             we
             see
             no
             Comforter
             ;
             then
             we
             should
             call
             to
             mind
             ,
             what
             Injuries
             we
             have
             forgiven
             ,
             how
             apt
             we
             were
             to
             pardon
             all
             Affronts
             and
             real
             Persecutions
             ,
             how
             we
             embraced
             Peace
             when
             it
             was
             offered
             us
             ,
             how
             we
             followed
             after
             Peace
             when
             it
             ran
             from
             us
             :
             and
             when
             we
             are
             weary
             of
             one
             side
             ,
             we
             should
             turn
             upon
             the
             other
             ,
             and
             remember
             the
             Alms
             ,
             that
             by
             the
             Grace
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             his
             assistances
             ,
             we
             have
             done
             ,
             and
             look
             up
             to
             God
             ,
             and
             with
             the
             eye
             of
             Faith
             behold
             him
             coming
             in
             the
             Clouds
             ,
             and
             pronouncing
             the
             sentence
             of
             Dooms-day
             ,
             according
             to
             his
             Mercies
             ,
             and
             our
             Charity
             .
          
        
         
           From
           what
           has
           been
           said
           ,
           I
           think
           't
           is
           evident
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           upon
           several
           accounts
           more
           advisable
           for
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           to
           dispose
           of
           what
           they
           intend
           for
           charitable
           Uses
           
             in
             their
             Life
             time
          
           ,
           than
           to
           leave
           it
           to
           be
           manag'd
           by
           others
           after
           their
           Death
           .
           I
           proceed
           now
           in
           the
        
         
           2.
           
           Second
           place
           to
           shew
           ,
           That
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           are
           strictly
           oblig'd
           to
           do
           good
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           .
           I
           shall
           not
           here
           undertake
           exactly
           to
           state
           how
           much
           good
           every
           Man
           ought
           to
           do
           ,
           indeed
           it
           cannot
           nicely
           be
           determined
           .
           There
           is
           a
           great
           difference
           in
           the
           Conditions
           and
           Abilities
           of
           
           Men
           ;
           some
           want
           much
           more
           than
           others
           to
           support
           themselves
           handsomely
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Station
           or
           Office
           they
           are
           in
           ,
           or
           to
           maintain
           or
           educate
           their
           Children
           agreeably
           to
           their
           Birth
           and
           Quality
           .
           There
           cannot
           be
           one
           standing
           measure
           of
           Charity
           common
           to
           all
           ;
           and
           since
           it
           has
           not
           pleased
           God
           under
           the
           Christian
           Dispensation
           ,
           to
           assign
           any
           particular
           proportion
           ,
           every
           Man
           must
           be
           left
           to
           the
           direction
           of
           his
           own
           Conscience
           herein
           .
           All
           that
           I
           am
           about
           to
           prove
           then
           is
           this
           ,
           That
           they
           who
           are
           able
           ,
           ought
           
             according
             to
             their
             Ability
          
           ,
           to
           do
           good
           if
           they
           have
           an
           
             opportunity
             ,
             while
             they
             live
          
           .
        
         
           This
           will
           appear
           from
           the
           consideration
           of
           the
           Circumstances
           they
           are
           in
           ,
           and
           the
           relation
           they
           bear
           to
           the
           supreme
           Lord
           of
           all
           the
           World.
           
             For
             who
             made
             them
             to
             differ
             from
             others
             ?
          
           
           or
           
             what
             have
             they
             ,
             which
             they
             have
             not
             received
          
           ?
           The
           Earth
           is
           the
           Lord's
           ,
           and
           the
           fullness
           thereof
           ;
           the
           richest
           of
           Men
           are
           only
           Stewards
           and
           Trustees
           under
           him
           .
           The
           many
           Talents
           they
           possess
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           special
           and
           eminent
           Blessings
           they
           enjoy
           above
           others
           ,
           are
           derived
           from
           the
           Fountain
           of
           his
           all-sufficient
           and
           overflowing
           Goodness
           .
           Therefore
           they
           must
           be
           employ'd
           according
           to
           his
           Will
           ,
           and
           agreeably
           to
           those
           great
           and
           noble
           ends
           for
           which
           they
           were
           originally
           granted
           ;
           such
           as
           are
           the
           Glory
           of
           God
           ,
           and
           the
           assistance
           of
           their
           Fellow-Creatures
           .
           
           And
           whether
           at
           all
           ,
           or
           how
           far
           they
           have
           improved
           the
           Advantages
           here
           afforded
           them
           ,
           will
           be
           strictly
           enquired
           into
           at
           the
           great
           Day
           of
           Retribution
           .
           Then
           
             they
             must
             all
             appear
             before
             the
             judgment-seat
             of
             Christ
             ,
          
           then
           the
           Almighty's
           Book
           of
           Remembrance
           will
           be
           opened
           ,
           all
           Men
           will
           be
           called
           to
           give
           an
           account
           of
           their
           Stewardship
           ,
           and
           will
           be
           rewarded
           or
           punished
           according
           to
           their
           Works
           .
           They
           will
           not
           then
           be
           judged
           by
           their
           bare
           Intentions
           ,
           or
           conditional
           Resolutions
           ,
           which
           through
           their
           own
           fault
           never
           took
           effect
           ;
           neither
           will
           it
           be
           enquired
           ,
           what
           good
           they
           have
           remotely
           designed
           ,
           but
           what
           they
           have
           actually
           done
           ,
           when
           they
           
             were
             alive
             ,
             and
             had
             an
             opportunity
             of
             doing
             it
             .
          
           The
           time
           of
           Life
           is
           the
           only
           proper
           season
           for
           exercising
           those
           Talents
           they
           are
           intrusted
           with
           :
           
             The
             living
             ,
             the
             living
             ,
             they
             may
             praise
             God
             ,
             and
             honour
             him
             with
             their
             substance
             ,
          
           but
           in
           Death
           who
           remembers
           the
           Poor
           ?
           or
           how
           can
           a
           Man
           be
           charitable
           in
           the
           Grave
           ?
           Unless
           therefore
           
             Men
             of
             Ability
          
           will
           be
           content
           to
           be
           reckoned
           among
           the
           negligent
           or
           unfaithful
           Stewards
           ,
           either
           among
           such
           as
           hide
           their
           Talents
           ,
           and
           make
           no
           use
           at
           all
           of
           them
           ,
           or
           among
           such
           as
           abuse
           them
           to
           the
           dishonour
           of
           their
           Master
           ,
           they
           must
           search
           out
           for
           ,
           at
           least
           lay
           hold
           of
           every
           opportunity
           of
           improving
           them
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           .
        
         
         
           I
           know
           such
           as
           get
           all
           that
           they
           can
           ,
           and
           keep
           all
           that
           they
           can
           get
           ,
           may
           say
           at
           the
           last
           gasp
           ,
           That
           tho'
           they
           have
           done
           no
           good
           
             in
             their
             Life
             time
          
           ,
           yet
           they
           have
           all
           along
           resolv'd
           it
           ,
           and
           according
           to
           these
           Resolutions
           ,
           their
           Charity
           will
           commence
           after
           their
           Death
           .
           To
           this
           I
           answer
           ,
           first
           ,
           That
           Resolution
           is
           in
           its
           own
           nature
           an
           imperfect
           Act
           ,
           and
           therefore
           can
           signify
           nothing
           without
           Performance
           and
           Consummation
           ;
           unless
           it
           be
           where
           a
           sudden
           Death
           ,
           or
           some
           unforeseen
           ,
           irremoveable
           Impediment
           has
           hindred
           it
           .
           So
           that
           this
           Resolution
           will
           prove
           an
           Argument
           against
           themselves
           :
           for
           if
           they
           were
           not
           convinc'd
           of
           the
           absolute
           necessity
           of
           doing
           good
           ,
           why
           did
           they
           ever
           resolve
           it
           ?
           and
           if
           they
           were
           ,
           certainly
           they
           cannot
           imagine
           meerly
           to
           resolve
           it
           ,
           will
           be
           sufficient
           .
           Secondly
           ,
           As
           for
           their
           Charity
           commencing
           after
           their
           death
           ,
           I
           dare
           not
           encourage
           any
           one
           to
           depend
           upon
           it
           ,
           who
           might
           as
           conveniently
           have
           employed
           it
           himself
           .
           I
           am
           sure
           our
           blessed
           Saviour
           frequently
           presseth
           his
           Disciples
           ,
           
             to
             work
             while
             it
             is
             day
             ,
          
           i.
           e.
           
             while
             they
             live
          
           ,
           because
           the
           Night
           of
           Death
           cometh
           ,
           
             when
             no
             man
             can
             work
          
           .
           And
           from
           that
           most
           solemn
           description
           of
           the
           last
           Judgment
           ,
           
           wherein
           he
           peculiarly
           recommends
           to
           us
           all
           the
           acts
           of
           Compassion
           and
           Mercy
           ,
           I
           find
           no
           mention
           made
           of
           resolving
           to
           clothe
           the
           Naked
           ,
           to
           feed
           the
           Hungry
           ,
           to
           visit
           the
           
           Sick
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           ,
           nor
           any
           great
           grounds
           to
           hope
           ,
           that
           a
           
             Death-bed
             Charity
          
           ,
           which
           might
           as
           well
           have
           been
           setled
           in
           the
           Life
           of
           the
           Donour
           ,
           will
           be
           accepted
           by
           him
           .
           Nay
           rather
           ,
           upon
           an
           attentive
           and
           indifferent
           view
           of
           that
           account
           of
           the
           Process
           of
           the
           last
           Judgment
           ,
           we
           may
           conclude
           ,
           that
           to
           him
           that
           hath
           an
           opportunity
           of
           doing
           good
           
             while
             he
             lives
          
           ,
           and
           doth
           it
           not
           ,
           to
           him
           it
           will
           be
           sin
           .
        
         
           I
           would
           not
           here
           be
           mistaken
           ,
           and
           therefore
           I
           must
           a
           little
           farther
           explain
           my self
           ,
           which
           I
           cannot
           better
           do
           than
           in
           the
           words
           of
           a
           late
           Author
           ,
           in
           his
           
             Practical
             Discourse
             concerning
             Death
          
           .
           
           
             It
             is
             the
             good
             (
             saith
             he
             )
             we
             do
             while
             we
             live
             ,
             that
             shall
             be
             rewarded
             ,
             and
             therefore
             we
             must
             take
             care
             to
             do
             good
             while
             we
             live
             .
             It
             is
             well
             when
             Men
             ,
             who
             do
             no
             good
             while
             they
             live
             ,
             will
             remember
             to
             do
             some
             good
             when
             they
             dye
             .
             But
             if
             God
             should
             accept
             such
             Presents
             as
             these
             ,
             yet
             it
             will
             make
             great
             abatements
             in
             the
             Account
             ,
             that
             they
             kept
             their
             Riches
             themselves
             as
             long
             as
             they
             could
             ,
             and
             would
             part
             with
             nothing
             to
             God
             ,
             till
             they
             could
             keep
             it
             no
             longer
             .
             The
             case
             is
             different
             as
             to
             those
             who
             did
             all
             the
             good
             they
             could
             while
             they
             lived
             ,
             and
             when
             they
             saw
             they
             could
             live
             no
             longer
             ,
             took
             care
             to
             do
             good
             after
             death
             :
             Such
             surviving
             Charities
             as
             these
             prolong
             our
             Lives
             ,
             and
             add
             daily
             to
             our
             Account
             ;
             when
             such
             
             Men
             are
             removed
             into
             the
             other
             World
             ,
             they
             are
             doing
             good
             in
             this
             World
             still
             ;
             they
             have
             a
             stock
             a
             going
             below
             ,
             the
             increase
             and
             improvements
             of
             which
             will
             follow
             them
             into
             the
             other
             World.
             
          
           
             Blessed
             are
             the
             dead
             which
             thus
             dye
             in
             the
             Lord.
          
           
           I
           come
           now
           in
           the
        
         
           3.
           
           Third
           place
           to
           speak
           of
           the
           peculiar
           excellency
           and
           usefulness
           of
           those
           charitable
           Settlements
           ,
           which
           are
           design'd
           to
           promote
           and
           encourage
           Learning
           .
           These
           I
           conceive
           excel
           other
           kinds
           of
           Charity
           in
           two
           respects
           :
           
             
               1.
               
               Because
               the
               Benefit
               of
               them
               reaches
               to
               the
               Soul
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               to
               the
               Body
               .
            
             
               2.
               
               Because
               the
               whole
               Kingdom
               reaps
               advantage
               by
               these
               ,
               whereas
               several
               other
               kinds
               of
               Charity
               terminate
               in
               particular
               Persons
               ,
               or
               in
               one
               Body
               or
               Society
               .
            
          
        
         
           1.
           
           The
           Benefits
           of
           those
           charitable
           Settlements
           ,
           which
           are
           designed
           to
           promote
           and
           encourage
           Learning
           ,
           reach
           to
           the
           Soul
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Body
           .
           To
           do
           good
           to
           our
           Brethren
           in
           any
           respect
           or
           capacity
           ,
           is
           very
           commendable
           ;
           but
           since
           the
           Soul
           is
           the
           better
           part
           of
           the
           Man
           ,
           't
           is
           proportionably
           a
           more
           noble
           design
           to
           provide
           for
           that
           ,
           than
           for
           the
           Body
           .
           The
           wants
           of
           the
           Mind
           are
           most
           importunate
           ,
           and
           the
           necessities
           of
           the
           Flesh
           may
           be
           better
           born
           ,
           or
           more
           easily
           supply'd
           ,
           than
           those
           of
           the
           Spirit
           .
           Hunger
           and
           Nakedness
           are
           not
           of
           
           so
           fatal
           a
           consequence
           ,
           as
           Ignorance
           and
           Error
           ,
           and
           however
           mean
           the
           Accommodations
           of
           the
           Body
           are
           ,
           
             that
             the
             soul
             be
             without
             knowledge
             is
             not
             good
             .
          
           'T
           is
           better
           to
           be
           poor
           ,
           
           than
           unlearned
           .
           This
           ,
           I
           suppose
           ,
           will
           look
           like
           a
           Paradox
           ,
           but
           I
           truly
           believe
           it
           was
           the
           opinion
           of
           the
           most
           eminent
           among
           the
           ancient
           Philosophers
           ,
           who
           in
           a
           right
           sence
           despis'd
           Dominions
           ,
           and
           slighted
           Dignities
           ,
           being
           chiefly
           careful
           about
           regulating
           and
           improving
           their
           intellectual
           Faculties
           .
           They
           knew
           ,
           that
           to
           have
           their
           Understandings
           clear
           ,
           and
           free
           from
           prejudice
           and
           error
           ,
           to
           be
           able
           to
           think
           methodically
           ,
           and
           argue
           closely
           ,
           to
           have
           their
           Wills
           set
           strait
           ,
           and
           their
           Affections
           under
           the
           conduct
           and
           discipline
           of
           Reason
           ,
           was
           a
           Perfection
           and
           Happiness
           ,
           wherein
           they
           excell'd
           the
           generality
           of
           Mankind
           ,
           as
           much
           as
           some
           in
           human
           shape
           do
           the
           Beasts
           that
           perish
           .
           And
           here
           let
           us
           suppose
           a
           Child
           to
           be
           born
           in
           the
           Wilderness
           ,
           to
           grow
           up
           to
           Manhood
           without
           any
           instruction
           and
           information
           ,
           to
           have
           no
           notices
           of
           things
           ,
           no
           rules
           and
           directions
           for
           the
           government
           of
           his
           Life
           communicated
           to
           him
           by
           others
           ;
           verily
           there
           would
           not
           be
           a
           more
           miserable
           Creature
           upon
           the
           face
           of
           the
           Earth
           .
           We
           should
           find
           him
           dull
           and
           stupid
           ,
           froward
           and
           obstinate
           ,
           churlish
           ,
           barbarous
           and
           untractable
           ;
           ignorant
           ,
           and
           yet
           hating
           instruction
           ,
           unable
           to
           judge
           aright
           ,
           
           and
           therefore
           easily
           to
           be
           seduced
           ;
           vain
           and
           roving
           in
           all
           his
           imaginations
           ,
           and
           violent
           in
           the
           pursuit
           of
           his
           pleasures
           ,
           neither
           fearing
           God
           ,
           nor
           regarding
           Man
           ,
           without
           discretion
           ,
           without
           civility
           ,
           without
           humanity
           it self
           .
           In
           short
           ,
           this
           
             mere
             Animal
          
           of
           such
           wild
           ,
           desart
           ,
           uncultivated
           Manners
           ,
           would
           be
           useless
           to
           himself
           ,
           and
           an
           intolerable
           burden
           to
           all
           about
           him
           .
           
             For
             sand
             ,
             and
             salt
             ,
             and
             a
             mass
             of
             iron
             ,
             are
             easier
             to
             bear
             ,
             than
             a
             man
             without
             understanding
             ,
          
           Ecclus.
           22.15
           .
        
         
           Upon
           this
           consideration
           of
           the
           great
           inconveniencies
           ,
           and
           manifest
           evils
           the
           want
           of
           Learning
           and
           Instruction
           exposeth
           Men
           to
           ,
           some
           have
           made
           it
           a
           question
           ,
           Whether
           they
           were
           more
           oblig'd
           to
           them
           from
           whom
           they
           had
           their
           Being
           ,
           than
           to
           those
           who
           gave
           them
           their
           Education
           .
           Others
           ,
           tho'
           they
           have
           not
           gone
           so
           far
           ,
           have
           yet
           remarkably
           honoured
           those
           ,
           who
           by
           guiding
           and
           directing
           them
           in
           their
           tender
           Years
           ,
           contributed
           to
           the
           rectifying
           and
           exalting
           their
           Natures
           .
           Others
           again
           to
           shew
           their
           esteem
           of
           Learning
           ,
           have
           encouraged
           and
           rewarded
           it
           in
           those
           that
           have
           been
           Strangers
           ,
           and
           profess'd
           Enemies
           to
           them
           .
           Thus
           when
           Alexander
           had
           taken
           and
           plundered
           Thebes
           ,
           he
           spared
           the
           House
           and
           Family
           of
           Pindar
           ,
           
           
             Summum
             in
             doctos
             favorem
             manifestissimo
             exemplo
             testatus
             .
          
           And
           though
           the
           Romans
           
           suffered
           by
           the
           Inventions
           of
           Archimedes
           ,
           
           yet
           Marcellus
           to
           evidence
           how
           much
           he
           was
           concern'd
           at
           his
           Death
           ,
           ordered
           a
           Sepulchre
           for
           a
           memorial
           of
           him
           ;
           which
           being
           over-run
           with
           Brambles
           ,
           was
           restored
           by
           Cicero
           after
           the
           space
           of
           an
           hundred
           and
           thirty
           Years
           .
           Many
           more
           Instances
           of
           this
           nature
           might
           be
           produc'd
           ,
           both
           from
           ancient
           and
           modern
           Histories
           ;
           but
           since
           all
           civiliz'd
           Nations
           are
           already
           agreed
           ,
           that
           Instruction
           is
           the
           very
           life
           of
           the
           Soul
           ,
           more
           need
           not
           be
           said
           to
           prove
           ,
           that
           those
           charitable
           Settlements
           which
           are
           design'd
           to
           promote
           and
           encourage
           Learning
           ,
           do
           peculiarly
           excel
           most
           others
           ,
           because
           the
           benefit
           of
           them
           reaches
           to
           the
           Soul
           as
           well
           as
           to
           the
           Body
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           Whereas
           several
           kinds
           of
           Charity
           terminate
           in
           particular
           Persons
           ,
           or
           in
           one
           Body
           or
           Society
           ,
           the
           whole
           Kingdom
           reaps
           advantage
           from
           those
           Settlements
           ,
           which
           are
           design'd
           to
           promote
           and
           encourage
           Learning
           .
           This
           advantage
           is
           much
           every
           way
           ,
           we
           will
           briefly
           consider
           it
           first
           ,
        
         
           1.
           
           In
           time
           of
           Peace
           ,
           which
           is
           therefore
           reckoned
           so
           great
           a
           Blessing
           ,
           because
           of
           that
           security
           it
           gives
           to
           all
           Ranks
           and
           Conditions
           of
           Men
           at
           home
           ,
           and
           the
           free
           liberty
           of
           Trade
           and
           Commerce
           abroad
           .
           In
           both
           which
           respects
           those
           Foundations
           that
           promote
           and
           encourage
           Learning
           are
           very
           advantageous
           and
           useful
           .
           In
           
           these
           all
           liberal
           Sciences
           are
           taught
           and
           improved
           ,
           and
           there
           are
           none
           of
           the
           inferiour
           manual
           Arts
           ,
           that
           serve
           to
           provide
           Man
           with
           Food
           and
           Raiment
           ,
           or
           do
           otherwise
           minister
           to
           the
           necessities
           and
           conveniencies
           of
           Life
           ,
           but
           what
           receive
           some
           benefit
           from
           hence
           .
           The
           Masters
           of
           them
           being
           enabled
           by
           Arithmetick
           ,
           and
           some
           Rules
           of
           the
           Mechanicks
           ,
           to
           proceed
           with
           less
           charge
           ,
           and
           more
           ease
           and
           expedition
           ,
           at
           least
           with
           more
           certainty
           in
           the
           business
           of
           their
           respective
           Callings
           .
           In
           these
           also
           Men
           of
           higher
           Quality
           and
           better
           Parts
           ,
           have
           all
           imaginable
           opportunities
           of
           leisure
           ,
           Books
           ,
           and
           Conversation
           ,
           whereby
           ,
           if
           they
           are
           not
           extremely
           wanting
           to
           themselves
           ,
           they
           may
           in
           due
           time
           become
           useful
           in
           their
           Generation
           ,
           and
           capable
           of
           doing
           God
           and
           their
           Country
           service
           ,
           either
           in
           the
           Church
           ,
           or
           in
           the
           State
           ,
           in
           the
           Court
           ,
           or
           at
           the
           Bar.
           In
           a
           word
           ,
           Take
           away
           those
           helps
           to
           Learning
           and
           Knowledge
           ,
           such
           charitable
           Settlements
           as
           we
           are
           now
           speaking
           of
           afford
           ,
           and
           Peace
           it self
           would
           only
           serve
           ,
           like
           the
           quiet
           silence
           of
           the
           Night
           ,
           to
           lull
           us
           fast
           asleep
           ,
           and
           to
           let
           us
           more
           insensibly
           slide
           backward
           into
           that
           profound
           ,
           universal
           Ignorance
           ,
           which
           we
           now
           pity
           in
           others
           ,
           and
           from
           which
           we
           of
           this
           Nation
           have
           not
           yet
           many
           Ages
           been
           delivered
           .
        
         
           And
           then
           for
           Trade
           and
           Commerce
           with
           other
           Nations
           ,
           who
           are
           as
           different
           from
           us
           in
           
           their
           Language
           and
           Customes
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           remote
           in
           their
           Climate
           ,
           I
           shall
           take
           the
           boldness
           to
           affirm
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           doubt
           of
           ,
           or
           deny
           any
           thing
           ,
           who
           either
           do
           not
           see
           ,
           or
           through
           prejudice
           will
           not
           acknowledge
           how
           much
           this
           Island
           is
           engaged
           to
           those
           ,
           who
           by
           a
           right
           use
           of
           the
           means
           and
           opportunities
           of
           studying
           charitably
           reached
           out
           to
           them
           ,
           have
           very
           far
           advanced
           several
           useful
           parts
           of
           Learning
           ,
           particularly
           Astronomy
           ,
           Geography
           and
           Navigation
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           Let
           us
           consider
           how
           far
           these
           Settlements
           which
           are
           made
           for
           the
           encouragement
           of
           Learning
           ,
           advantage
           the
           whole
           Kingdom
           ,
           in
           relation
           to
           War.
           'T
           is
           manifest
           ,
           if
           we
           would
           succeed
           herein
           ,
           we
           must
           not
           only
           have
           disciplin'd
           Souldiers
           ,
           but
           also
           skilful
           Mathematicians
           ,
           and
           expert
           Engineers
           ;
           such
           the
           
             Royal
             Society
          
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Two
             Universities
          
           have
           ,
           and
           I
           trust
           always
           will
           afford
           us
           .
           Besides
           ,
           the
           Arts
           of
           War
           being
           vastly
           improved
           ,
           an
           ordinary
           skill
           and
           policy
           ,
           or
           a
           little
           acquaintance
           with
           our
           own
           Affairs
           ,
           will
           stand
           us
           in
           no
           great
           stead
           .
           Our
           Generals
           must
           be
           able
           to
           look
           back
           and
           make
           judicious
           remarks
           upon
           the
           noble
           Exploits
           ,
           and
           cunning
           Stratagems
           of
           those
           ancient
           Nations
           ,
           which
           have
           heretofore
           been
           Nations
           of
           renown
           .
           Lastly
           ,
           since
           the
           end
           we
           ought
           to
           propose
           when
           we
           make
           War
           ,
           is
           an
           honourable
           and
           a
           lasting
           Peace
           ,
           
           we
           ought
           to
           have
           Men
           of
           Years
           and
           Observation
           ,
           to
           deliberate
           of
           ,
           and
           manage
           so
           weighty
           a
           Concern
           ;
           Men
           that
           understand
           the
           Laws
           of
           Nature
           ,
           and
           of
           Nations
           ,
           and
           the
           undoubted
           Rights
           and
           Interest
           of
           our
           own
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           the
           Strength
           ,
           the
           Constitution
           ,
           and
           Pretences
           of
           those
           Kingdoms
           ,
           with
           whom
           they
           are
           to
           treat
           .
           Now
           how
           far
           these
           Foundations
           ,
           which
           are
           design'd
           to
           promote
           and
           encourage
           Learning
           ,
           have
           contributed
           to
           the
           supplying
           this
           Nation
           with
           Men
           thus
           useful
           ,
           thus
           absolutely
           necessary
           in
           its
           greatest
           exigencies
           ,
           may
           be
           easily
           understood
           if
           we
           will
           but
           consult
           the
           Lives
           of
           the
           wisest
           Statesmen
           ,
           the
           most
           eminent
           Commanders
           ,
           and
           the
           most
           famous
           Admirals
           ,
           that
           are
           mentioned
           in
           our
           English
           Annals
           .
        
         
           I
           know
           very
           well
           what
           a
           hideous
           out-cry
           was
           made
           some
           years
           ago
           by
           the
           Quakers
           ,
           and
           other
           
             illiterate
             Enthusiasts
          
           ,
           against
           all
           liberal
           Sciences
           ,
           all
           skill
           in
           the
           Tongues
           ,
           and
           Histories
           ,
           against
           all
           Books
           ,
           but
           the
           Bible
           ;
           against
           the
           Schools
           of
           the
           Prophets
           ,
           and
           all
           Universities
           ,
           as
           Heathenish
           ,
           Anti-christian
           ,
           Marks
           of
           the
           Beast
           ,
           as
           deformities
           ,
           darkenings
           ,
           impertinencies
           ,
           &c.
           
           But
           I
           shall
           not
           say
           one
           word
           at
           present
           to
           their
           Testimony
           ,
           as
           they
           call
           it
           ,
           partly
           because
           all
           that
           has
           been
           urged
           against
           humane
           Learning
           has
           been
           particularly
           considered
           by
           others
           ,
           but
           chiefly
           because
           the
           Cry
           of
           these
           
           Men
           is
           not
           now
           so
           great
           ,
           they
           having
           got
           some
           measure
           of
           that
           Knowledge
           among
           themselves
           ,
           which
           before
           they
           condemned
           as
           rags
           and
           tatters
           in
           us
           .
        
         
           Thus
           much
           may
           suffice
           concerning
           the
           third
           thing
           I
           propos'd
           to
           speak
           of
           ,
           namely
           ,
           the
           peculiar
           Excellency
           and
           Usefulness
           of
           those
           charitable
           Settlements
           ,
           which
           are
           design'd
           to
           promote
           and
           encourage
           Learning
           .
           I
           shall
           therefore
           go
           on
           in
           the
        
         
           4.
           
           Fourth
           and
           last
           place
           ,
           to
           enquire
           very
           briefly
           what
           is
           the
           Duty
           of
           all
           those
           who
           more
           immediately
           enjoy
           the
           Benefit
           of
           such
           Foundations
           .
        
         
           1st
           .
           Then
           ,
           they
           who
           more
           immediately
           enjoy
           the
           Benefit
           of
           such
           Foundations
           ,
           ought
           to
           set
           apart
           some
           time
           for
           the
           solemn
           Commemoration
           of
           their
           Founders
           and
           Benefactors
           ,
           to
           assert
           the
           Honour
           ,
           and
           report
           the
           Praises
           of
           those
           famous
           Men
           ,
           who
           have
           been
           the
           Instruments
           of
           so
           much
           good
           to
           Mankind
           ,
           and
           by
           whom
           the
           Lord
           has
           wrought
           so
           great
           glory
           .
           The
           remembrance
           of
           Righteous
           Men
           should
           be
           always
           fresh
           on
           the
           minds
           of
           them
           ,
           who
           have
           received
           good
           at
           their
           hands
           ,
           and
           they
           should
           be
           telling
           of
           their
           Liberality
           from
           day
           to
           day
           .
           As
           they
           were
           honour'd
           in
           their
           Generations
           ,
           and
           were
           the
           glory
           of
           their
           Times
           ,
           so
           care
           should
           be
           taken
           that
           their
           Names
           may
           live
           for
           evermore
           ,
           that
           
           Posterity
           may
           understand
           the
           noble
           Works
           which
           they
           have
           done
           ,
           and
           the
           Children
           ,
           who
           are
           yet
           unborn
           ,
           may
           call
           them
           Blessed
           .
        
         
           If
           we
           look
           back
           on
           the
           accounts
           of
           former
           times
           ,
           since
           Man
           was
           plac'd
           upon
           the
           Earth
           ,
           we
           shall
           find
           ,
           that
           
             they
             who
             have
             done
             well
             ,
             have
             had
             praise
             of
             the
             same
             .
          
           The
           Heathens
           had
           publick
           Orations
           ,
           and
           anniversary
           Feasts
           in
           memory
           of
           those
           who
           had
           wrought
           any
           great
           Deliverance
           for
           them
           ,
           or
           who
           had
           been
           the
           inventers
           ,
           or
           promoters
           of
           any
           useful
           Arts
           or
           Sciences
           .
           The
           Jews
           also
           did
           Honour
           to
           worthy
           Persons
           at
           their
           Death
           ,
           and
           never
           mentioned
           them
           afterward
           ,
           without
           a
           Blessing
           on
           their
           Memory
           .
           And
           the
           Christians
           in
           the
           several
           Ages
           of
           the
           Church
           ,
           have
           not
           only
           had
           set
           Speeches
           in
           commendation
           of
           Men
           eminent
           for
           their
           Piety
           and
           Charity
           ,
           but
           have
           also
           recorded
           their
           good
           Works
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           be
           had
           in
           perpetual
           remembrance
           .
           This
           they
           saw
           was
           a
           likely
           Method
           of
           infusing
           excellent
           Principles
           into
           the
           Living
           ,
           and
           of
           exciting
           and
           provoking
           them
           to
           an
           holy
           and
           laudable
           Emulation
           of
           the
           Dead
           .
           Since
           therefore
           they
           who
           enjoy
           the
           Benefit
           of
           others
           Bounty
           and
           Liberality
           ,
           have
           the
           example
           of
           all
           Nations
           to
           engage
           them
           ,
           and
           of
           all
           the
           Ages
           of
           the
           World
           to
           warrant
           their
           paying
           the
           easy
           Tribute
           of
           Praise
           to
           their
           Benefactors
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           an
           argument
           of
           very
           great
           
           Ingratitude
           ,
           if
           they
           should
           suffer
           their
           Memorial
           to
           perish
           ,
           as
           though
           they
           had
           never
           been
           .
           All
           that
           I
           shall
           farther
           add
           on
           this
           Head
           is
           ,
           that
           they
           must
           beware
           their
           Gratitude
           does
           not
           degenerate
           into
           Superstition
           ,
           and
           that
           when
           they
           are
           celebrating
           the
           Charity
           and
           Beneficence
           of
           Men
           ,
           they
           do
           not
           forget
           to
           give
           Glory
           to
           GOD
           ,
           who
           is
           chiefly
           to
           be
           respected
           in
           all
           the
           returns
           they
           make
           to
           his
           Creatures
           :
           
             For
             his
             Name
             alone
             is
             excellent
             ,
             and
             his
             Praise
             above
             heaven
             and
             earth
             .
          
           Psal.
           148.13
           .
        
         
           2.
           
           It
           is
           the
           Duty
           of
           all
           those
           who
           enjoy
           the
           Benefit
           of
           such
           charitable
           Settlements
           ,
           to
           take
           good
           heed
           that
           they
           make
           a
           right
           use
           of
           them
           ,
           that
           they
           so
           improve
           their
           time
           ,
           and
           all
           other
           Advantages
           ,
           that
           they
           may
           in
           some
           measure
           answer
           the
           pious
           Designs
           of
           their
           Founders
           ,
           and
           the
           just
           Expectations
           of
           their
           Country
           .
           They
           must
           not
           think
           such
           Provision
           is
           made
           for
           them
           ,
           only
           that
           they
           may
           with
           the
           less
           concern
           for
           to
           morrow
           ,
           
             sit
             down
             to
             eat
             and
             drink
             ,
             and
             rise
             up
             to
             play
          
           ;
           or
           that
           the
           Liberality
           of
           their
           Benefactors
           was
           intended
           as
           a
           cloake
           for
           ,
           or
           an
           occasion
           of
           Sloth
           and
           Idleness
           ,
           Pride
           and
           Vanity
           ,
           Intemperance
           and
           Disorder
           .
           If
           they
           would
           discharge
           themselves
           as
           they
           ought
           ,
           they
           must
           be
           Sober
           ,
           Modest
           ,
           Humble
           ,
           Devout
           and
           Industrious
           ;
           manifesting
           by
           the
           whole
           Course
           of
           their
           Lives
           and
           Conversations
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           a
           due
           
           sence
           of
           the
           extraordinary
           Encouragements
           reach'd
           out
           to
           them
           ,
           through
           the
           want
           whereof
           many
           Men
           of
           great
           natural
           Parts
           ,
           have
           been
           determined
           to
           the
           Spade
           ,
           the
           Hammer
           ,
           or
           the
           Plough
           ;
           and
           so
           their
           whole
           Lives
           being
           taken
           up
           in
           a
           laborious
           pursuit
           of
           those
           things
           which
           are
           necessary
           for
           the
           satisfying
           and
           supporting
           of
           their
           Bodies
           ,
           their
           Minds
           have
           been
           neglected
           ,
           and
           they
           themselves
           unfit
           for
           those
           higher
           and
           more
           noble
           Employments
           ,
           which
           a
           liberal
           Education
           would
           have
           qualify'd
           them
           for
           .
        
         
           
           
             How
             can
             he
             get
             wisdom
          
           (
           saith
           the
           Son
           of
           
             Syrach
             )
             that
             holdeth
             the
             plough
             ,
             and
             that
             glorieth
             in
             the
             goad
             ?
             that
             driveth
             oxen
             ,
             and
             is
             occupied
             in
             their
             labours
             ,
             and
             whose
             talk
             is
             of
             bullocks
             ?
             or
             the
             carpenter
             ,
             or
             they
             that
             cut
             and
             grave
             seals
             ,
             or
             the
             potter
             that
             turneth
             the
             wheel
             about
             with
             his
             feet
             ,
             or
             the
             smith
             sitting
             by
             the
             anvil
             ,
             who
             fighteth
             with
             the
             heat
             of
             the
             furnace
             ,
             and
             has
             the
             noise
             of
             the
             hammer
             and
             the
             anvil
             ever
             in
             his
             ears
          
           ?
           All
           these
           want
           that
           leisure
           and
           retirement
           ,
           which
           are
           necessary
           to
           the
           getting
           of
           Learning
           and
           Knowledge
           ,
           and
           therefore
           it
           is
           not
           expected
           ,
           that
           they
           should
           be
           able
           to
           declare
           Justice
           and
           Judgment
           ,
           or
           that
           they
           should
           fit
           themselves
           for
           standing
           before
           Princes
           ,
           or
           sitting
           high
           in
           the
           Congregation
           .
           But
           of
           them
           
             to
             whom
             much
             is
             given
          
           ,
           and
           for
           whom
           
             liberal
             Men
             have
             devised
             liberal
             things
             ,
          
           both
           God
           and
           
           Men
           
             will
             require
             the
             more
          
           .
           Whatever
           Talents
           they
           are
           intrusted
           with
           ,
           whatever
           opportunities
           of
           Learning
           they
           now
           enjoy
           ,
           they
           must
           hereafter
           give
           an
           account
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           therefore
           they
           ought
           faithfully
           to
           manage
           ,
           and
           industriously
           to
           improve
           them
           here
           ,
           by
           a
           constant
           vigorous
           application
           to
           such
           Studies
           ,
           as
           may
           edify
           ,
           not
           
             puff
             up
             ;
             fill
          
           ,
           but
           not
           swell
           the
           Mind
           ;
           such
           as
           may
           promote
           the
           Glory
           of
           God
           ,
           their
           own
           Salvation
           ,
           and
           render
           them
           serviceable
           and
           beneficial
           to
           the
           Publick
           .
           For
           really
           a
           man
           may
           be
           idly
           and
           unprofitably
           busy
           ,
           he
           may
           rise
           early
           ,
           and
           late
           take
           rest
           ,
           and
           eat
           the
           bread
           of
           Carefulness
           ,
           and
           all
           this
           while
           only
           labour
           for
           the
           Wind
           ,
           and
           serve
           no
           other
           ends
           but
           those
           of
           Folly
           and
           Vanity
           .
           And
           't
           is
           altogether
           as
           good
           to
           all
           the
           purposes
           of
           a
           civil
           or
           religious
           Life
           ,
           to
           fold
           our
           Arms
           ,
           and
           do
           nothing
           ,
           as
           to
           squander
           away
           our
           time
           ,
           and
           exercise
           our
           Parts
           about
           trifles
           and
           things
           of
           no
           value
           .
           To
           conclude
           ,
           Not
           he
           that
           knows
           much
           ,
           but
           he
           that
           knows
           what
           is
           
             most
             useful
          
           ,
           is
           ,
           and
           always
           will
           be
           ,
           accounted
           the
           
             Best
             Scholar
          
           ,
           and
           the
           
             Wisest
             Man.
          
           
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
           ADVERTISEMENT
           .
        
         
           SIR
           
             Thomas
             Cookes
          
           of
           Bently
           ,
           in
           the
           County
           of
           Worcester
           ,
           Baronet
           ,
           hath
           built
           at
           Bromsgrove
           in
           the
           same
           County
           ,
           a
           large
           and
           convenient
           School-house
           ,
           with
           a
           very
           good
           Dwelling-house
           for
           a
           School-Master
           .
           And
           by
           Deed
           bearing
           date
           June
           22.
           1693.
           settled
           on
           Feofees
           50
           
             l.
             per
             An.
          
           for
           ever
           ,
           freed
           from
           all
           Taxes
           and
           Payments
           ,
           for
           the
           said
           School
           in
           this
           manner
           ,
           viz.
           20
           
             l.
             per
             An.
          
           to
           a
           School-Master
           ,
           nominated
           by
           Sir
           Thomas
           and
           his
           Heirs
           ,
           and
           Licensed
           by
           the
           Bishop
           of
           Worcester
           ,
           to
           instruct
           12
           poor
           Boys
           in
           Learning
           and
           Religion
           ,
           as
           established
           in
           the
           Church
           of
           England
           ,
           to
           be
           admitted
           into
           the
           School
           between
           9
           and
           a
           11
           Years
           old
           ,
           and
           continue
           at
           School
           6
           Years
           at
           least
           ;
           16
           
             l.
             per
             An.
          
           to
           buy
           them
           Cloaths
           ,
           viz.
           Blew
           Coats
           ,
           Caps
           ,
           &c.
           10
           
             s.
             per
             An.
          
           to
           buy
           them
           Books
           ;
           10
           
             s.
             per
             An.
          
           for
           Prayers
           and
           a
           Sermon
           at
           Bromsgrove
           Church
           on
           the
           1st
           of
           May
           ,
           when
           the
           Feofees
           are
           to
           meet
           for
           managing
           the
           said
           Charity
           ,
           and
           1
           l.
           for
           their
           Entertainment
           yearly
           on
           that
           day
           ;
           and
           the
           12
           l.
           remaining
           ,
           to
           be
           kept
           as
           a
           Stock
           for
           placing
           out
           the
           said
           Boys
           Apprentices
           ,
           not
           allowing
           to
           any
           one
           Boy
           above
           12
           l.
           appointing
           excellent
           Rules
           for
           the
           good
           ordering
           of
           the
           whole
           Affair
           .
        
         
           He
           also
           gives
           the
           present
           School-Master
           20
           l.
           more
           
             per
             An.
          
           for
           Preaching
           a
           Sermon
           every
           Lord's
           day
           in
           the
           Afternoon
           at
           Tardebig
           ,
           Sir
           Thomas's
           Parish-Church
           ,
           two
           Miles
           from
           Bromsgrove
           ;
           and
           further
           ,
           he
           gives
           10
           
             l.
             per
             An.
          
           to
           an
           Usher
           in
           the
           said
           School
           .
        
         
           He
           hath
           likewise
           by
           Deed
           ,
           dated
           about
           the
           24
           of
           March
           ,
           1695.
           setled
           on
           Feofees
           50
           
             l.
             per
             An.
          
           for
           ever
           ,
           freed
           from
           all
           Taxes
           and
           Payments
           ,
           for
           a
           School
           at
           Feckenham
           in
           the
           said
           County
           ,
           appointing
           a
           School-Master
           and
           12
           poor
           Boys
           ,
           with
           the
           same
           Allowances
           ,
           in
           the
           same
           Manner
           ,
           and
           under
           the
           same
           Rules
           ,
           with
           Bromsgrove
           forementioned
           ,
           only
           fixing
           Thursday
           in
           Whitsun-week
           ,
           for
           the
           Yearly
           Meeting
           of
           the
           Feofees
           at
           Feckenham
           .
        
         
           
             
               2
               Cor.
               9.6
            
             .
          
           
             He
             which
             soweth
             bountifully
             ,
          
           
             shall
             reap
             also
             bountifully
             .
          
        
         
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A31012-e370
           
             ●oh
             .
             14.6
             .
          
           
             Luk●0
             ●0
             ●0
             .
          
           
             D.
             50.8.4
             .
          
           
             Inst.
             l.
             2.7
             .
          
           
             Heb.
             9.17
             .
          
           
             Ps.
             103
             19
             
          
           
             Heb.
             13.5
             .
          
           
             Col.
             3.2
             .
          
           
             1
             Joh.
             2.15
             .
          
           
             Mat.
             6.20
             ,
             21.
             
          
           
             Psal.
             37.25
             .
          
           
             Prov.
             13
             7.
             
          
           
             Prov.
             11.24
             ,
             25
             
          
           
             Jam.
             1.17
             .
          
           
             1
             Kings
             17.16
             .
          
           
             
               1
               Tim.
            
             6.19
             .
          
           
             
               1
               Pet.
            
             4.8
             .
          
           
             Ad
             Nepot
             .
          
           
             Mat.
             25.40
             .
          
           
             Job
             6.4
             .
          
           
             Isa.
             57.20
             .
          
           
             
               Holy
               Dying
            
             ,
             p.
             52.
             
          
           
             1
             Cor.
             4.7
             .
          
           
             Mat.
             25
             
          
           
             Dr.
             Sherlock
             ,
             p.
             288.
             
          
           
             Rev.
             14.13
             .
          
           
             Prov.
             19
             2.
             
          
           
             Suppl
             .
             in
             
               Q.
               Curt.
            
             
          
           
             Livii
             lib.
             25.
             cap.
             31.
             
          
           
             Ecclus.
             39.
             
          
        
      
    
  

