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         Firmin, Thomas, 1632-1697.
      
       
         
           1681
        
      
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             Some proposals for the imployment of the poor, and for the prevention of idleness and the consequence thereof, begging a practice so dishonourable to the nation, and to the Christian religion : in a letter to a friend / by T.F.
             Firmin, Thomas, 1632-1697.
          
           [3], 46 p. : ill.
           
             Printed by J. Grover, and are to be sold by Francis Smith ...,
             London :
             1681.
          
           
             End of text signed: Tho. Firmin.
             Author's only known publication--cf. DNB v. 7, p. 49.
             Listed in BM, v. 73, col. 436 with an earlier edition of 24 pages, 1678.
             Enlarged edition.
             Reproduction of original in Cambridge University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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         eng
      
       
         
           Poor -- England.
           Poor laws -- England.
           Working class -- England.
           Labor movement -- England.
           Labor -- England.
           Charities -- England.
           Unemployed -- England.
        
      
    
     
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               Shee
               layeth
               her
               Hand
               to
               the
               Spindle
               and
               her
               hands
               hold
               the
               distaffe
               :
               Pro
               :
               31.
               19.
               
            
             
               Depiction
               of
               woman
               at
               spindle
               .
            
          
        
      
       
         
         
           SOME
           PROPOSALS
           For
           the
           imployment
           of
           the
           POOR
           ,
           AND
           For
           the
           prevention
           of
           Idleness
           and
           the
           Consequence
           thereof
           ,
           Begging
           .
        
         
           A
           Practice
           so
           dishonourable
           to
           the
           Nation
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           
             Christian
             Religion
          
           .
        
         
           In
           a
           Letter
           to
           a
           Friend
           by
           
             T.
             F.
          
           
        
         
           For
           even
           when
           we
           were
           with
           you
           ,
           this
           we
           commanded
           ,
           that
           if
           any
           would
           not
           work
           ,
           neither
           should
           they
           eat
           ,
           
             2
             Thes
             .
             3.
             10.
             
          
        
         
           Let
           him
           that
           stole
           steal
           no
           more
           ,
           but
           rather
           let
           him
           labour
           ,
           working
           with
           his
           hands
           ,
           the
           thing
           that
           is
           good
           ,
           that
           he
           may
           have
           to
           give
           to
           him
           that
           needeth
           ,
           
             Eph.
             4.
             28.
             
          
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           by
           
             J.
             Grover
          
           ,
           and
           are
           to
           be
           sold
           by
           
             Francis
             Smith
          
           ,
           at
           the
           Elephant
           and
           Castle
           ,
           and
           
             Brab
             .
             Aylmer
          
           ,
           at
           the
           Three
           Pigeons
           in
           Cornhill
           .
           1681.
           
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           Some
           Proposals
           for
           the
           Employment
           of
           the
           Poor
           ,
           and
           for
           the
           Prevention
           of
           Idleness
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           
             SIR
             ,
          
        
         
           IT
           is
           now
           above
           four
           years
           since
           I
           erected
           my
           Work-House
           in
           
             Little
             Britain
          
           for
           the
           Imployment
           of
           the
           Poor
           in
           the
           Linnen
           Manufacture
           ,
           which
           hath
           proved
           so
           great
           a
           Help
           ,
           and
           afforded
           such
           Relief
           to
           many
           Hundreds
           of
           poor
           Families
           ,
           that
           I
           never
           did
           ,
           nor
           I
           fear
           ever
           shall
           do
           an
           Action
           more
           to
           my
           own
           satisfaction
           ,
           nor
           to
           the
           good
           and
           benefit
           of
           the
           Poor
           .
        
         
           In
           a
           former
           Letter
           that
           I
           wrote
           upon
           this
           occasion
           ,
           I
           gave
           you
           some
           account
           of
           the
           management
           of
           the
           said
           Work-house
           ,
           especially
           with
           relation
           to
           the
           Parish
           of
           Aldersgate
           ;
           which
           Letter
           being
           wholly
           out
           of
           Print
           ,
           and
           much
           desired
           by
           some
           persons
           ,
           I
           shall
           here
           insert
           the
           chief
           things
           conteined
           therein
           ,
           with
           what
           else
           hath
           come
           into
           my
           thoughts
           concerning
           that
           matter
           ;
           hoping
           that
           when
           the
           great
           benefit
           of
           such
           an
           Undertaking
           shall
           be
           made
           publick
           ,
           every
           good
           man
           will
           some
           way
           or
           other
           give
           incouragement
           to
           it
           ;
           there
           being
           nothing
           so
           necessary
           for
           the
           prevention
           of
           Poverty
           and
           the
           consequence
           thereof
           ,
           Begging
           ,
           as
           to
           provide
           some
           Imployment
           for
           our
           Poor
           People
           ,
           whereby
           to
           prevent
           Idleness
           ,
           the
           Mother
           and
           Nurse
           of
           all
           Mischief
           ,
           and
           one
           of
           those
           sins
           for
           which
           God
           destroyed
           Sodom
           with
           Fire
           and
           Brimstone
           from
           Heaven
           ,
           as
           the
           Holy
           Scripture
           informs
           us
           .
        
         
           To
           the
           end
           therefore
           that
           Poverty
           ,
           together
           with
           that
           wicked
           Trade
           of
           Begging
           (
           which
           so
           many
           thousands
           of
           late
           years
           have
           taken
           up
           ,
           to
           the
           dishonour
           of
           Almighty
           God
           ,
           and
           the
           great
           scandal
           of
           the
           Government
           of
           this
           Nation
           )
           may
           be
           prevented
           ,
           I
           shall
           humbly
           propose
           a
           few
           things
           ,
           which
           being
           
           put
           in
           practice
           ,
           may
           with
           Gods
           Blessing
           ,
           prove
           effectual
           to
           the
           ends
           designed
           .
        
         
           And
           the
           first
           is
           this
           ,
           That
           every
           Parish
           that
           abounds
           with
           Poor
           People
           ,
           would
           set
           up
           a
           School
           in
           the
           nature
           of
           a
           Work-house
           ,
           to
           teach
           their
           poor
           Children
           to
           work
           in
           ,
           who
           for
           want
           thereof
           ,
           now
           wander
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Parish
           and
           parts
           adjacent
           ,
           and
           between
           Begging
           and
           Stealing
           ,
           get
           a
           sorry
           liveing
           ;
           but
           never
           bring
           any
           thing
           to
           their
           poor
           Parents
           ,
           nor
           earn
           one
           Farthing
           towards
           their
           own
           maintenance
           ,
           or
           good
           of
           the
           Nation
           .
        
         
           This
           ,
           in
           a
           short
           time
           ,
           would
           be
           found
           very
           advantagious
           ,
           not
           only
           to
           the
           poor
           Children
           themselves
           ,
           who
           by
           this
           means
           ,
           whilst
           young
           should
           be
           inured
           to
           labour
           ,
           and
           taught
           to
           get
           their
           own
           Livings
           ,
           but
           also
           to
           their
           Parents
           ,
           who
           should
           hereby
           both
           be
           freed
           from
           the
           Charge
           of
           keeping
           them
           ,
           and
           in
           time
           ,
           be
           helpt
           by
           their
           Labours
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           in
           other
           places
           ;
           and
           moreover
           the
           Parish
           should
           be
           freed
           from
           much
           Charge
           which
           many
           times
           they
           are
           at
           ,
           to
           keep
           such
           poor
           Children
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           which
           they
           are
           necessitated
           to
           allow
           their
           Parents
           towards
           it
           .
        
         
           Nothing
           being
           accounted
           a
           better
           Argument
           for
           a
           large
           Pension
           ,
           than
           that
           a
           Man
           or
           Woman
           hath
           six
           or
           seven
           small
           Children
           ,
           whereas
           unless
           they
           were
           all
           born
           at
           a
           time
           ,
           or
           came
           faster
           into
           the
           World
           than
           ordinarily
           so
           many
           Children
           do
           ,
           it
           is
           very
           hard
           if
           some
           of
           them
           are
           not
           able
           to
           work
           for
           themselves
           .
           I
           my self
           have
           at
           this
           time
           many
           poor
           Children
           ,
           not
           above
           five
           or
           six
           years
           old
           ,
           that
           can
           earn
           two
           pence
           a
           day
           ,
           and
           others
           but
           a
           little
           older
           ,
           three
           pence
           or
           four
           pence
           ,
           by
           spinning
           Flax
           which
           will
           go
           very
           far
           towards
           the
           maintenance
           of
           any
           poor
           Child
           .
           Not
           that
           I
           would
           have
           these
           Schools
           confined
           only
           to
           Spinning
           ,
           but
           left
           at
           liberty
           to
           take
           in
           any
           other
           work
           that
           the
           Children
           shall
           be
           capable
           of
           ,
           as
           knitting
           of
           Stockings
           ,
           winding
           of
           Silk
           ,
           making
           of
           Lace
           or
           plain
           Work
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           :
           For
           it
           matters
           not
           so
           much
           what
           you
           employ
           these
           poor
           Children
           in
           ,
           as
           that
           you
           do
           employ
           them
           in
           some
           thing
           ,
           to
           prevent
           an
           idle
           ,
           lazy
           kind
           of
           Life
           ,
           which
           if
           once
           they
           get
           the
           habit
           of
           ,
           they
           will
           hardly
           leave
           ;
           but
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           if
           
           you
           train
           up
           a
           Child
           in
           the
           way
           that
           he
           should
           go
           ,
           when
           he
           is
           old
           ,
           he
           will
           not
           depart
           from
           it
           .
        
         
           And
           this
           is
           the
           way
           (
           as
           I
           am
           informed
           )
           that
           is
           practiced
           in
           Holland
           and
           other
           places
           ,
           with
           so
           great
           advantage
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           very
           few
           Children
           who
           have
           attained
           to
           seven
           or
           eight
           years
           of
           age
           ,
           that
           are
           any
           charge
           to
           their
           Parents
           ,
           or
           burthensome
           to
           the
           Parish
           .
           And
           Mr.
           Chamberlain
           in
           his
           Book
           ,
           Intituled
           ,
           
             The
             Present
             State
             of
          
           England
           ,
           hath
           observed
           ,
           that
           in
           the
           City
           of
           Norwich
           ,
           it
           hath
           been
           computed
           of
           late
           years
           ,
           and
           found
           ,
           that
           yearly
           ,
           Children
           from
           six
           to
           ten
           years
           old
           ,
           have
           gained
           twelve
           thousand
           pounds
           a
           year
           more
           than
           they
           have
           spent
           ,
           chiefly
           by
           knitting
           fine
           Jersey
           Stockings
           .
        
         
           This
           School
           would
           be
           of
           no
           great
           Charge
           ,
           but
           many
           ways
           advantagious
           to
           the
           Parish
           .
           At
           this
           time
           I
           have
           a
           person
           who
           for
           five
           shillings
           a
           week
           ,
           doth
           constantly
           teach
           between
           twenty
           and
           thirty
           poor
           Children
           to
           spin
           ;
           Some
           that
           are
           little
           ,
           upon
           the
           single
           Wheel
           ,
           and
           others
           that
           are
           bigger
           ,
           upon
           the
           double
           ,
           or
           two
           handed
           Wheel
           (
           like
           that
           which
           you
           have
           at
           the
           beginning
           of
           these
           Papers
           ,
           which
           I
           esteem
           the
           best
           way
           for
           spinning
           ,
           and
           full
           as
           proper
           for
           Wooll
           as
           Flax
           )
           which
           when
           they
           are
           expert
           in
           ,
           I
           give
           the
           Children
           leave
           to
           carry
           away
           with
           them
           to
           their
           several
           places
           of
           abode
           ,
           that
           so
           there
           may
           be
           room
           for
           others
           ;
           and
           of
           these
           ,
           there
           are
           divers
           that
           can
           earn
           six
           pence
           a
           day
           ,
           and
           some
           more
           ,
           allowing
           them
           two
           hours
           in
           a
           day
           to
           learn
           to
           read
           in
           ,
           instead
           of
           that
           time
           which
           is
           allotted
           to
           the
           poorest
           of
           our
           Children
           to
           play
           in
           ;
           a
           custom
           that
           I
           verily
           believe
           hath
           been
           the
           ruin
           of
           many
           thousand
           poor
           Children
           ,
           and
           hath
           nothing
           in
           the
           World
           to
           justifie
           it
           but
           an
           old
           Proverb
           ,
           which
           yet
           we
           have
           not
           fully
           observed
           :
           For
           instead
           of
           giving
           them
           all
           work
           and
           no
           play
           ,
           the
           generality
           of
           our
           poor
           Children
           have
           all
           play
           and
           no
           work
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           thousand
           times
           more
           mischievous
           than
           the
           other
           .
           Not
           that
           I
           would
           have
           all
           manner
           of
           Recreation
           and
           Divertisement
           prohibited
           to
           Children
           ,
           nor
           will
           it
           be
           hard
           to
           find
           some
           others
           besides
           playing
           at
           push-pin
           ,
           or
           hide-Farthing
           ,
           neither
           of
           which
           ,
           nor
           twenty
           others
           now
           in
           use
           ,
           are
           any
           ways
           conducing
           to
           the
           health
           of
           their
           Bodies
           ,
           or
           to
           the
           improvement
           of
           their
           minds
           ;
           
           but
           are
           only
           fit
           to
           teach
           them
           lying
           and
           wrangling
           ,
           with
           twenty
           cheating
           Tricks
           ,
           which
           many
           times
           they
           retain
           as
           long
           as
           they
           live
           .
        
         
           I
           believe
           there
           are
           very
           few
           persons
           who
           have
           had
           occasion
           to
           take
           one
           of
           these
           poor
           Children
           for
           a
           Foot-boy
           ,
           or
           otherwise
           ,
           but
           can
           tell
           you
           the
           sad
           Effects
           of
           such
           an
           idle
           Life
           as
           they
           have
           been
           brought
           up
           in
           ;
           the
           Lad
           having
           from
           his
           Cradle
           ,
           if
           he
           had
           any
           ,
           been
           permitted
           to
           play
           ,
           has
           made
           it
           so
           natural
           to
           him
           ,
           that
           send
           him
           in
           what
           haste
           you
           will
           ,
           upon
           any
           Errand
           ,
           if
           he
           meets
           with
           a
           Play-fellow
           ,
           will
           have
           a
           touch
           of
           his
           old
           Sport
           ,
           and
           many
           times
           for
           want
           of
           such
           a
           one
           ,
           will
           be
           exercising
           his
           hand
           alone
           ,
           rather
           than
           forbear
           his
           old
           Trade
           .
        
         
           Let
           any
           man
           that
           hath
           occasion
           either
           to
           walk
           or
           ride
           through
           the
           Out-parts
           of
           this
           City
           ,
           (
           where
           mostly
           our
           poor
           people
           inhabit
           )
           tell
           but
           what
           he
           hath
           seen
           of
           the
           Rudeness
           of
           young
           Children
           ,
           who
           for
           want
           of
           better
           Education
           and
           Employment
           ,
           shall
           sometimes
           be
           found
           by
           whole
           Companies
           at
           play
           ,
           where
           they
           shall
           wrangle
           and
           cheat
           one
           another
           ,
           and
           upon
           the
           least
           Provocation
           ,
           swear
           and
           fight
           for
           a
           Farthing
           ,
           or
           else
           they
           shall
           be
           found
           whipping
           of
           Horses
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           which
           ,
           they
           sometimes
           cast
           their
           Riders
           ,
           to
           the
           hazard
           or
           loss
           of
           their
           Lives
           or
           Limbs
           ;
           or
           else
           they
           shall
           be
           throwing
           of
           Dirt
           or
           Stones
           into
           Coaches
           ,
           or
           at
           the
           Glasses
           ,
           insomuch
           that
           I
           have
           been
           a
           hundred
           times
           greatly
           troubled
           ,
           to
           see
           the
           Rudeness
           and
           Misbehaviour
           of
           the
           poorer
           sort
           of
           Children
           ,
           (
           especially
           of
           late
           years
           )
           they
           having
           been
           generally
           so
           much
           neglected
           ,
           that
           they
           have
           neither
           been
           taught
           their
           Duties
           either
           towards
           God
           or
           Man.
           
        
         
           To
           me
           it
           seems
           very
           strange
           ,
           that
           such
           Children
           whose
           Parents
           receive
           any
           Pension
           from
           the
           Parish
           ,
           or
           that
           are
           brought
           up
           at
           the
           Charge
           of
           the
           several
           Parishes
           or
           in
           Hospitals
           ,
           as
           soon
           as
           they
           come
           to
           six
           or
           seven
           years
           old
           ,
           are
           not
           taught
           to
           do
           something
           towards
           their
           own
           Maintenance
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           way
           in
           Holland
           ,
           as
           hath
           been
           said
           .
           There
           the
           Children
           in
           Hospitals
           ,
           as
           soon
           as
           they
           come
           to
           any
           Bigness
           ,
           are
           two
           hours
           in
           a
           day
           ,
           to
           wit
           ,
           from
           Five
           to
           Seven
           in
           the
           Morning
           ,
           taught
           to
           read
           and
           write
           ;
           but
           when
           seven
           a
           Clock
           comes
           ,
           they
           are
           
           by
           a
           Bell
           called
           to
           Breakfast
           ,
           which
           when
           they
           have
           eaten
           ,
           every
           one
           hath
           their
           several
           Employment
           allotted
           to
           them
           for
           all
           the
           day
           after
           ,
           excepting
           only
           such
           time
           as
           they
           have
           to
           eat
           in
           .
           The
           Boys
           are
           sent
           to
           the
           Ship-yard
           to
           pick
           Okum
           ,
           to
           turn
           the
           Wheel
           for
           the
           Rope-maker
           ,
           to
           wind
           Quils
           for
           the
           Weaver
           ,
           or
           to
           braid
           Nets
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           :
           the
           Girls
           to
           Spin
           ,
           to
           Knit
           ,
           to
           weave
           Lace
           ,
           or
           to
           work
           with
           the
           Needle
           ,
           or
           some
           such
           like
           Employment
           as
           they
           are
           fit
           for
           ;
           so
           that
           as
           I
           am
           informed
           ,
           a
           thousand
           Children
           shall
           be
           brought
           up
           with
           less
           Charge
           in
           Holland
           ,
           than
           five
           hundred
           here
           ;
           and
           I
           cannot
           apprehend
           what
           Harm
           such
           a
           Dutch
           Trick
           would
           do
           us
           ,
           if
           we
           had
           Wisdom
           enough
           to
           practice
           it
           .
        
         
           If
           it
           be
           said
           that
           their
           Children
           are
           not
           maintained
           so
           well
           ,
           nor
           learnt
           so
           much
           as
           generally
           our
           Children
           in
           Hospitals
           are
           ;
        
         
           I
           answer
           ,
           'T
           is
           so
           much
           the
           better
           ,
           for
           why
           should
           poor
           Children
           that
           must
           be
           put
           out
           to
           poor
           Trades
           ,
           where
           they
           must
           work
           hard
           ,
           and
           fare
           hardly
           ,
           be
           fed
           with
           white
           Bread
           ,
           or
           taught
           farther
           than
           is
           necessary
           for
           such
           Trades
           ?
           Is
           not
           this
           to
           make
           them
           too
           big
           for
           their
           Business
           ,
           which
           is
           always
           for
           the
           worse
           ?
           Why
           ,
           I
           pray
           must
           a
           poor
           Boy
           that
           is
           designed
           for
           a
           Mason
           ,
           Bricklayer
           ,
           Shoomaker
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           honest
           and
           necessary
           Trade
           ,
           be
           taught
           to
           write
           as
           if
           he
           were
           designed
           for
           a
           Master
           in
           that
           Art
           ;
           or
           so
           far
           in
           Arithmetick
           ,
           as
           if
           he
           were
           designed
           for
           a
           Merchant
           ?
           Is
           it
           not
           enough
           that
           such
           Children
           are
           taught
           to
           read
           the
           Bible
           ,
           and
           so
           much
           of
           Arithmetick
           and
           Writing
           ,
           as
           may
           fit
           them
           for
           such
           Trades
           and
           Employments
           ,
           as
           they
           are
           intended
           to
           be
           put
           unto
           ?
           And
           must
           Children
           be
           kept
           from
           seven
           to
           fifteen
           Years
           old
           ,
           to
           learn
           so
           much
           ,
           when
           two
           hours
           in
           a
           day
           would
           be
           more
           than
           enough
           to
           effect
           it
           ?
           And
           all
           the
           rest
           of
           their
           Time
           might
           be
           spent
           in
           doing
           something
           or
           other
           that
           might
           help
           to
           keep
           them
           ,
           and
           be
           by
           degrees
           ,
           inured
           to
           the
           Work
           and
           Business
           for
           which
           they
           are
           designed
           and
           intended
           .
           This
           in
           a
           very
           short
           time
           ,
           however
           it
           may
           seem
           hard
           at
           first
           ,
           would
           be
           much
           more
           pleasant
           to
           the
           Children
           themselves
           ,
           than
           sitting
           eight
           or
           ten
           hours
           in
           a
           day
           under
           a
           severe
           School-Master
           ,
           who
           many
           times
           shall
           whip
           a
           poor
           Child
           for
           not
           remembring
           or
           else
           for
           mistaking
           a
           few
           
           words
           ,
           as
           severely
           as
           a
           Rogue
           in
           Bridewel
           ,
           for
           picking
           a
           Pocket
           ,
           or
           cutting
           a
           Purse
           .
        
         
           I
           am
           well
           aware
           from
           some
           Discourses
           that
           I
           have
           met
           with
           of
           late
           ,
           that
           what
           I
           have
           said
           in
           this
           particular
           ,
           will
           give
           offence
           to
           some
           whom
           I
           am
           very
           unwilling
           to
           displease
           ;
           And
           that
           they
           will
           object
           the
           great
           prejudice
           which
           will
           be
           done
           to
           some
           Children
           of
           good
           parts
           ,
           if
           they
           should
           be
           hindered
           in
           their
           Learning
           ,
           by
           the
           Advantage
           of
           which
           ,
           if
           their
           Trades
           failed
           ,
           they
           might
           be
           able
           to
           teach
           Arithmetick
           ,
           or
           Writing
           ,
           or
           to
           keep
           Merchants
           Accounts
           .
        
         
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           First
           ,
           that
           there
           is
           no
           danger
           ,
           that
           many
           Handy-craft
           Trades
           should
           fail
           :
           As
           long
           as
           People
           are
           born
           naked
           ,
           there
           will
           be
           need
           of
           Shomakers
           ,
           Taylors
           ,
           Weavers
           ,
           and
           such
           like
           ;
           and
           as
           for
           those
           that
           may
           be
           able
           to
           teach
           Arithmetick
           ,
           Writing
           ,
           &c.
           there
           neither
           is
           ,
           nor
           I
           believe
           ,
           ever
           will
           be
           any
           want
           of
           such
           Persons
           ,
           even
           among
           them
           ,
           which
           received
           their
           Education
           from
           their
           Parents
           ,
           and
           not
           upon
           Charity
           :
           Nay
           ,
           I
           dare
           say
           ,
           there
           is
           so
           many
           of
           these
           at
           present
           ,
           that
           not
           one
           half
           of
           them
           can
           be
           provided
           for
           in
           those
           ways
           .
           Not
           but
           that
           if
           a
           poor
           Lad
           were
           found
           of
           extraordinary
           Parts
           ,
           he
           might
           be
           permitted
           a
           more
           liberal
           Education
           ;
           but
           the
           number
           of
           these
           is
           very
           few
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           it
           unto
           others
           ,
           is
           to
           do
           them
           and
           the
           Commonwealth
           a
           great
           prejudice
           .
           I
           my self
           have
           known
           some
           persons
           kept
           seven
           or
           eight
           years
           at
           School
           ,
           to
           learn
           the
           Latin
           Tongue
           ,
           which
           have
           stood
           them
           in
           very
           little
           stead
           afterwards
           ,
           being
           gone
           from
           School
           they
           have
           soon
           lost
           it
           ,
           and
           thereby
           all
           the
           time
           they
           spent
           to
           gain
           it
           ;
           whereas
           ,
           if
           they
           had
           instead
           thereof
           ,
           been
           taught
           some
           useful
           Art
           or
           other
           ,
           they
           might
           have
           been
           the
           better
           for
           it
           as
           long
           as
           they
           lived
           .
           It
           is
           very
           well
           known
           ,
           that
           at
           this
           time
           ,
           there
           is
           hardly
           Employment
           for
           one
           half
           of
           the
           Clergy-men
           that
           are
           in
           England
           .
           Yea
           ,
           some
           will
           tell
           you
           ,
           that
           there
           are
           not
           above
           ten
           thousand
           Livings
           in
           England
           ,
           and
           that
           there
           are
           above
           thirty
           thousand
           men
           in
           Orders
           to
           supply
           them
           .
           I
           am
           not
           bound
           to
           make
           good
           the
           truth
           of
           this
           Computation
           ,
           but
           sure
           I
           am
           ,
           that
           great
           Multitudes
           want
           Employment
           ,
           and
           
           that
           if
           the
           smallest
           Living
           or
           Lecture
           shall
           be
           void
           ,
           there
           will
           be
           many
           Competitors
           for
           it
           .
           Also
           ,
           some
           will
           tell
           you
           ,
           that
           the
           number
           of
           those
           that
           pretend
           to
           the
           Law
           of
           late
           years
           ,
           are
           so
           much
           increas'd
           ,
           that
           many
           of
           them
           (
           Thanks
           be
           to
           God
           )
           want
           Employment
           ,
           although
           there
           are
           a
           sort
           of
           men
           in
           the
           Country
           (
           as
           I
           am
           informed
           )
           that
           make
           it
           their
           Business
           to
           set
           men
           together
           by
           the
           Ears
           ,
           and
           ride
           from
           Market
           to
           Market
           upon
           but
           a
           very
           little
           better
           account
           ,
           not
           but
           that
           I
           think
           and
           know
           there
           are
           many
           worthy
           men
           of
           that
           Profession
           ,
           I
           heartily
           wish
           they
           were
           all
           such
           ;
           't
           is
           only
           those
           that
           are
           guilty
           of
           incouraging
           Suits
           and
           Quarrels
           ,
           that
           I
           am
           offended
           with
           ,
           and
           if
           they
           are
           offended
           with
           me
           for
           saying
           thus
           much
           ,
           I
           cannot
           now
           help
           it
           .
        
         
           But
           not
           to
           forget
           the
           Objection
           ,
           pray
           let
           it
           be
           considered
           before
           you
           ingage
           persons
           in
           a
           liberal
           Education
           ,
           how
           they
           shall
           be
           maintained
           in
           it
           ?
           and
           before
           you
           send
           Lads
           to
           Cambridge
           and
           Oxford
           ,
           how
           they
           shall
           be
           kept
           there
           ;
           if
           any
           man
           will
           be
           so
           kind
           to
           do
           it
           for
           a
           poor
           Boy
           ,
           't
           is
           very
           well
           ,
           and
           I
           for
           my
           part
           have
           nothing
           to
           say
           against
           it
           :
           otherwise
           ,
           I
           am
           very
           sure
           ,
           and
           know
           it
           by
           sad
           Experience
           ,
           that
           for
           want
           of
           such
           Supplies
           ,
           some
           have
           been
           sent
           to
           those
           places
           ,
           that
           had
           better
           have
           stayed
           away
           ,
           and
           been
           put
           to
           some
           honest
           Trade
           ,
           by
           which
           they
           might
           have
           lived
           more
           comfortably
           themselves
           ,
           and
           more
           profitably
           for
           the
           Nation
           :
           but
           at
           the
           Rate
           that
           some
           would
           order
           the
           matter
           ,
           the
           Plough
           ,
           the
           Sea
           ,
           and
           Manufactory
           ,
           which
           are
           the
           great
           Concerns
           of
           England
           ,
           should
           be
           wholly
           neglected
           ,
           as
           being
           too
           mean
           Employments
           for
           the
           poorest
           of
           our
           Children
           .
           He
           that
           hath
           a
           mind
           to
           see
           more
           of
           this
           ,
           let
           him
           read
           
             Britania
             Languens
          
           ,
           pag.
           100.
           102.
           
           &c.
           and
           pag.
           133.
           
        
         
           But
           that
           I
           may
           after
           so
           long
           a
           Digression
           return
           to
           the
           Bufiness
           I
           was
           upon
           ,
           to
           encourage
           the
           setting
           up
           of
           Schools
           for
           the
           Instruction
           of
           young
           Children
           ,
           and
           bringing
           them
           to
           some
           Employment
           ,
           whereby
           to
           get
           their
           own
           Living
           ,
           the
           Charge
           hereof
           ,
           as
           hath
           been
           said
           ,
           would
           not
           be
           great
           ,
           but
           the
           Advantages
           very
           many
           ;
           and
           among
           others
           ,
           this
           is
           not
           the
           least
           ,
           That
           the
           Parents
           of
           such
           poor
           Children
           would
           have
           more
           
           time
           to
           follow
           their
           Business
           and
           Employments
           ,
           and
           that
           with
           more
           Content
           and
           Satisfaction
           ,
           when
           their
           Children
           were
           not
           only
           kept
           out
           of
           Harms
           way
           ,
           but
           were
           learning
           something
           that
           would
           do
           them
           some
           good
           at
           present
           ,
           and
           more
           hereafter
           ;
           all
           the
           Trouble
           they
           should
           have
           ,
           being
           only
           in
           the
           Morning
           ,
           to
           dress
           them
           with
           such
           poor
           Rags
           as
           they
           had
           to
           put
           upon
           them
           ,
           and
           to
           give
           them
           some
           small
           matter
           for
           their
           Dinner
           ,
           and
           to
           fetch
           them
           home
           at
           Night
           ,
           if
           they
           were
           too
           small
           to
           go
           home
           alone
           :
           for
           at
           this
           School
           ,
           I
           would
           have
           Children
           taken
           in
           from
           three
           to
           ten
           years
           old
           ,
           those
           of
           the
           younger
           sort
           might
           be
           taught
           their
           Letters
           ,
           and
           to
           read
           till
           they
           were
           able
           to
           Spin
           ,
           or
           do
           some
           other
           work
           ,
           and
           even
           then
           I
           would
           have
           two
           hours
           in
           a
           day
           at
           least
           ,
           allotted
           to
           these
           poor
           Children
           ,
           to
           learn
           some
           plain
           and
           uncontroverted
           Catechism
           ,
           that
           might
           teach
           them
           the
           Principles
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           also
           to
           perfect
           their
           Reading
           ,
           which
           through
           the
           Blessing
           of
           God
           ,
           might
           be
           a
           means
           to
           prevent
           much
           of
           that
           Ignorance
           and
           Wickedness
           that
           is
           found
           amongst
           our
           poor
           People
           ,
           and
           bring
           them
           to
           Sobriety
           and
           Virtue
           ,
           which
           being
           once
           done
           ,
           they
           will
           of
           their
           own
           Accord
           ,
           naturally
           fall
           to
           some
           honest
           Employment
           ,
           without
           which
           ,
           't
           is
           impossible
           they
           should
           continue
           good
           ,
           or
           happily
           enjoy
           themselves
           .
        
         
           That
           this
           is
           a
           way
           that
           would
           very
           much
           conduce
           to
           the
           Happiness
           of
           poor
           people
           ,
           and
           their
           poor
           Children
           ,
           I
           have
           found
           by
           very
           much
           Experience
           ,
           having
           at
           this
           time
           several
           poor
           Children
           at
           my
           Work-house
           ,
           that
           over
           and
           besides
           their
           learning
           to
           read
           ,
           have
           learnt
           to
           spin
           both
           upon
           the
           single
           and
           double
           Wheel
           ,
           and
           can
           earn
           from
           two
           pence
           to
           six
           pence
           a
           day
           ,
           as
           hath
           been
           said
           ;
           which
           ,
           every
           Saturday
           Night
           ,
           I
           cause
           to
           be
           paid
           to
           the
           Children
           ,
           to
           carry
           home
           to
           their
           poor
           Parents
           ,
           or
           else
           ,
           cause
           to
           be
           laid
           out
           for
           themselves
           in
           such
           things
           as
           they
           need
           .
        
         
           But
           before
           you
           enter
           the
           Child
           upon
           the
           double
           Wheel
           ,
           or
           suffer
           it
           to
           spin
           with
           both
           hands
           ,
           you
           must
           teach
           it
           to
           spin
           well
           with
           either
           hand
           upon
           the
           single
           Wheel
           ,
           which
           is
           turned
           with
           the
           Foot
           as
           the
           other
           is
           ,
           by
           means
           whereof
           ,
           you
           may
           teach
           the
           Child
           to
           draw
           out
           the
           Flax
           with
           either
           hand
           indifferently
           ,
           
           and
           to
           be
           as
           nimble
           and
           quick
           with
           one
           hand
           as
           with
           the
           other
           ;
           otherwise
           ,
           when
           it
           comes
           to
           spin
           upon
           the
           double
           Wheel
           ,
           which
           hath
           a
           Quill
           for
           each
           hand
           ,
           the
           Threads
           will
           not
           be
           alike
           ,
           but
           one
           will
           be
           more
           twisted
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           less
           ;
           it
           may
           be
           ,
           the
           one
           will
           be
           too
           much
           ,
           and
           the
           other
           too
           little
           ,
           and
           so
           will
           not
           do
           well
           together
           .
           In
           this
           School
           ,
           are
           taught
           Boys
           as
           well
           as
           Girls
           ,
           which
           they
           take
           very
           well
           unto
           ;
           and
           for
           want
           of
           other
           Employment
           ,
           they
           may
           be
           kept
           at
           ,
           till
           they
           are
           fit
           to
           go
           to
           Prentice
           ,
           or
           to
           do
           other
           Business
           ;
           and
           the
           Girls
           ,
           till
           they
           are
           fit
           to
           go
           to
           Service
           ,
           and
           no
           longer
           :
           For
           it
           is
           a
           thing
           greatly
           complained
           of
           in
           the
           Country
           already
           ,
           that
           by
           reason
           of
           so
           great
           numbers
           of
           Single
           Persons
           that
           of
           late
           are
           fallen
           to
           the
           Spinning
           Trade
           ,
           and
           to
           live
           at
           their
           own
           Hands
           ,
           there
           is
           so
           great
           a
           want
           of
           Servants
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           very
           hard
           for
           the
           meaner
           sort
           to
           get
           a
           Supply
           ,
           unless
           upon
           much
           higher
           terms
           than
           formerly
           ;
           and
           the
           like
           would
           soon
           be
           here
           ,
           if
           Single
           Persons
           that
           were
           come
           to
           any
           Age
           ,
           were
           encouraged
           to
           live
           at
           their
           own
           Hands
           :
           For
           which
           reason
           ,
           and
           some
           others
           ,
           I
           have
           taken
           special
           care
           ,
           that
           no
           person
           that
           is
           fit
           to
           go
           to
           Service
           ,
           or
           to
           Prentice
           ,
           shall
           have
           any
           of
           my
           Work.
           
        
         
           From
           what
           hath
           been
           said
           in
           this
           particular
           ,
           touching
           the
           great
           Benefit
           that
           would
           arise
           to
           every
           Parish
           ,
           by
           setting
           up
           such
           a
           School
           for
           the
           Ends
           above
           specified
           ,
           I
           would
           advise
           any
           person
           that
           had
           a
           mind
           to
           settle
           any
           thing
           upon
           a
           poor
           Parish
           ,
           to
           appropriate
           it
           to
           some
           such
           use
           as
           this
           ,
           rather
           than
           to
           give
           it
           at
           large
           to
           the
           Parish
           ,
           to
           be
           disposed
           of
           at
           their
           pleasure
           :
           For
           this
           would
           be
           in
           effect
           ,
           rather
           to
           ease
           the
           Rich
           ,
           than
           to
           help
           the
           Poor
           ,
           it
           being
           too
           well
           known
           ,
           that
           several
           Parishes
           that
           have
           great
           Incomes
           for
           their
           Poor
           ,
           have
           yet
           their
           Poor
           as
           ill
           provided
           for
           ,
           as
           those
           that
           have
           less
           .
        
         
           If
           therefore
           I
           had
           a
           100
           l.
           a
           Year
           to
           settle
           upon
           a
           poor
           Parish
           ,
           I
           would
           do
           it
           after
           some
           such
           way
           as
           this
           :
        
         
           Twenty
           pounds
           a
           Year
           I
           would
           appoint
           for
           an
           able
           and
           honest
           Woman
           ,
           to
           teach
           forty
           of
           the
           poorest
           Children
           to
           read
           ,
           and
           to
           spin
           Flax
           or
           Hemp
           ,
           first
           upon
           the
           Single
           ,
           and
           then
           upon
           the
           Double
           Wheel
           ,
           which
           when
           they
           had
           well
           learned
           ,
           they
           would
           be
           in
           a
           capacity
           to
           get
           their
           own
           Living
           .
        
         
         
           Five
           pounds
           a
           year
           I
           would
           allot
           for
           the
           Rent
           of
           a
           Large
           Room
           to
           teach
           the
           Children
           in
           ;
           Twenty
           five
           pounds
           a
           year
           I
           would
           assign
           for
           the
           buying
           of
           Hemp
           and
           Flax
           to
           teach
           the
           Children
           to
           spin
           upon
           .
        
         
           Twenty
           five
           pounds
           a
           year
           I
           would
           allot
           for
           the
           payment
           of
           the
           poor
           Children
           that
           should
           spin
           the
           same
           ,
           allowing
           one
           penny
           for
           every
           600
           yards
           of
           Yarn
           ,
           which
           the
           Children
           should
           every
           week
           be
           paid
           for
           and
           carry
           home
           to
           their
           poor
           Parents
           ,
           or
           else
           be
           laid
           out
           for
           them
           in
           such
           things
           as
           they
           needed
           .
        
         
           Fifteen
           pounds
           a
           year
           I
           would
           allot
           for
           the
           Weaving
           of
           such
           Yarn
           ,
           and
           whitening
           such
           Cloth
           as
           should
           be
           made
           of
           the
           Yarn
           .
        
         
           Eight
           pounds
           a
           year
           I
           would
           allot
           for
           the
           buying
           such
           Wheels
           and
           Reels
           ,
           as
           the
           poor
           Children
           should
           use
           ;
           which
           ,
           at
           their
           going
           out
           of
           the
           House
           I
           would
           have
           given
           unto
           them
           .
        
         
           The
           remaining
           two
           pounds
           ,
           I
           would
           appoint
           to
           be
           laid
           out
           for
           a
           Dinner
           for
           the
           Trustees
           ,
           which
           should
           be
           upon
           a
           day
           prefixt
           ,
           upon
           which
           day
           they
           should
           audite
           the
           Accounts
           for
           the
           Year
           past
           ,
           and
           distribute
           the
           Cloth
           which
           was
           made
           ,
           some
           of
           it
           to
           the
           poor
           Children
           that
           spun
           the
           Yarn
           ,
           and
           the
           rest
           to
           other
           poor
           people
           in
           the
           Parish
           ,
           especially
           the
           aged
           and
           impotent
           ,
           it
           being
           more
           easy
           for
           them
           to
           get
           a
           Meals
           meat
           ,
           to
           feed
           their
           hungry
           Bodies
           ,
           than
           a
           Shirt
           to
           cover
           them
           ;
           neither
           is
           the
           Charity
           much
           less
           to
           cloath
           the
           Naked
           ,
           than
           to
           feed
           the
           Hungry
           ;
           nor
           the
           Promise
           greater
           to
           the
           one
           than
           to
           the
           other
           .
           However
           ,
           by
           such
           a
           deed
           of
           Charity
           ,
           I
           should
           do
           both
           ;
           and
           also
           by
           teaching
           the
           Children
           to
           read
           ,
           and
           learn
           their
           Catechisms
           ,
           you
           should
           instruct
           their
           minds
           ,
           which
           is
           a
           piece
           of
           Charity
           no
           whit
           inferiour
           to
           the
           feeding
           their
           Bodies
           ,
           or
           clothing
           their
           Backs
           :
           For
           without
           Knowledge
           ,
           Solomon
           saith
           ,
           
             The
             Heart
             cannot
             be
             good
          
           ;
           and
           God
           by
           the
           Prophet
           complains
           ,
           That
           his
           People
           perish
           for
           lack
           of
           Knowledge
           .
        
         
           This
           Settlement
           I
           would
           so
           make
           ,
           that
           it
           should
           not
           be
           in
           the
           Power
           of
           the
           Parish
           ,
           nor
           yet
           of
           the
           Trustees
           to
           alienate
           to
           any
           other
           use
           or
           purpose
           whatsoever
           ;
           but
           upon
           so
           doing
           ,
           it
           should
           come
           to
           the
           Hospital
           of
           
             Christ
             Church
          
           ,
           or
           some
           such
           like
           Foundation
           ;
           the
           Governours
           whereof
           ,
           would
           always
           
           take
           care
           that
           the
           Trnst
           were
           performed
           ,
           or
           in
           case
           it
           was
           not
           would
           soon
           take
           it
           out
           of
           their
           hands
           .
        
         
           Having
           this
           proposed
           (
           as
           I
           conceive
           )
           a
           very
           likely
           way
           to
           prevent
           Idleness
           in
           the
           younger
           sort
           ,
           my
           next
           Care
           must
           be
           to
           prevent
           it
           in
           those
           that
           are
           of
           Age
           ,
           which
           I
           judge
           may
           be
           done
           by
           each
           Parish
           ,
           if
           they
           would
           provide
           such
           Work
           for
           them
           ,
           as
           they
           might
           carry
           to
           their
           own
           Homes
           ,
           which
           though
           never
           so
           mean
           and
           homely
           ,
           are
           more
           desirable
           than
           any
           other
           place
           ,
           which
           also
           is
           the
           way
           that
           I
           have
           taken
           in
           the
           Parish
           aforesaid
           ,
           and
           which
           is
           the
           way
           that
           all
           the
           Countries
           take
           for
           the
           Spinning
           of
           those
           vast
           Quantities
           of
           Yarn
           ,
           which
           is
           every
           Year
           made
           use
           of
           ,
           for
           the
           making
           of
           Bays
           ,
           Sayes
           ,
           Serges
           ,
           and
           Stuffs
           of
           all
           sorts
           .
           And
           that
           which
           some
           of
           late
           have
           proposed
           of
           bringing
           them
           to
           a
           publick
           Work-house
           ,
           will
           never
           effect
           the
           end
           desired
           ;
           for
           suppose
           a
           Woman
           hath
           a
           sick
           Child
           ,
           or
           Husband
           ,
           or
           some
           Infirmity
           upon
           her self
           ,
           in
           all
           which
           Cases
           ,
           she
           may
           do
           something
           at
           home
           ,
           but
           cannot
           leave
           her
           own
           House
           :
           and
           supposing
           that
           none
           of
           these
           should
           happen
           ,
           which
           is
           yet
           very
           frequent
           ,
           not
           one
           person
           of
           many
           ,
           will
           endure
           the
           Thoughts
           of
           going
           to
           a
           publick
           Work-house
           .
           Sometimes
           it
           happens
           ,
           nay
           ,
           very
           frequently
           I
           have
           known
           ,
           that
           Persons
           of
           good
           Education
           and
           well
           related
           ,
           have
           fal'n
           into
           great
           Poverty
           ,
           which
           for
           these
           Reasons
           ,
           and
           lest
           they
           should
           fall
           into
           Contempt
           by
           the
           Discovery
           ,
           they
           are
           willing
           to
           hide
           as
           much
           as
           they
           can
           ,
           and
           therefore
           cannot
           expose
           themselves
           to
           work
           in
           a
           publick
           place
           .
           True
           indeed
           ,
           for
           Vagrants
           and
           sturdy
           Beggars
           that
           have
           no
           Habitation
           ,
           and
           that
           will
           not
           work
           unless
           they
           are
           held
           to
           it
           as
           Galley-slaves
           are
           tied
           to
           their
           Oars
           ;
           such
           Work-houses
           are
           very
           necessary
           ,
           and
           I
           wish
           we
           had
           more
           of
           them
           ,
           and
           that
           those
           we
           have
           were
           employed
           to
           that
           purpose
           ;
           but
           for
           such
           poor
           People
           as
           have
           Habitations
           of
           their
           own
           ,
           and
           are
           known
           in
           the
           places
           where
           they
           live
           ,
           and
           that
           would
           take
           Pains
           at
           home
           ,
           it
           is
           altogether
           unreasonable
           and
           unprofitable
           in
           my
           poor
           Judgment
           to
           bring
           them
           to
           a
           publick
           Work-house
           .
        
         
           Obj.
           But
           against
           this
           ,
           of
           every
           Bodies
           carrying
           their
           Work
           to
           their
           own
           Houses
           ,
           it
           will
           be
           objected
           ,
           what
           Assurance
           can
           
           you
           have
           ,
           that
           these
           poor
           People
           to
           whom
           you
           deliver
           your
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           to
           spin
           ,
           will
           bring
           it
           home
           again
           ?
           They
           may
           die
           ,
           and
           what
           will
           become
           of
           it
           then
           ,
           or
           they
           may
           pawn
           it
           ,
           or
           run
           away
           with
           it
           ?
        
         
           Answ
           .
           To
           all
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           possible
           that
           one
           or
           all
           of
           these
           may
           happen
           as
           they
           have
           done
           sometimes
           among
           those
           that
           I
           have
           employed
           ;
           but
           to
           prevent
           all
           Loss
           that
           may
           come
           by
           these
           ways
           ,
           if
           the
           Persons
           be
           wholly
           unknown
           ,
           which
           can
           hardly
           be
           if
           they
           live
           in
           the
           Parish
           ,
           let
           them
           leave
           six
           pence
           in
           hand
           ,
           which
           is
           about
           the
           Price
           of
           a
           pound
           of
           Hemp
           or
           Flax
           ,
           which
           no
           poor
           Body
           who
           is
           of
           any
           good
           Behaviour
           ,
           but
           will
           find
           Credit
           for
           ,
           if
           they
           have
           it
           not
           of
           their
           own
           ;
           and
           let
           this
           lie
           as
           a
           Pawn
           till
           they
           bring
           home
           their
           Work
           ,
           and
           as
           long
           as
           you
           shall
           employ
           them
           ,
           or
           be
           satisfied
           of
           their
           Honesty
           .
        
         
           Obj.
           But
           some
           will
           object
           ,
           that
           by
           this
           setting
           poor
           People
           to
           spin
           ,
           you
           will
           take
           them
           off
           from
           other
           Employments
           ,
           as
           winded
           of
           Silk
           ,
           stitching
           of
           Bodice
           ,
           kniting
           of
           Stockings
           ,
           making
           of
           Lace
           or
           the
           like
           ,
           which
           are
           more
           necessary
           Employments
           than
           spinning
           of
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           to
           make
           Linnen
           Cloth
           ,
           we
           having
           that
           already
           very
           cheap
           from
           other
           Countries
           ,
           for
           which
           also
           his
           Majesty
           receives
           much
           Custom
           ,
           which
           by
           this
           new
           Trade
           will
           wholly
           be
           lost
           .
        
         
           Answ
           .
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           That
           there
           is
           no
           fear
           that
           any
           Person
           who
           can
           wind
           Silk
           ,
           knit
           Stockings
           ,
           make
           Lace
           or
           the
           like
           ,
           will
           leave
           these
           Employments
           ,
           if
           they
           can
           have
           them
           ,
           to
           spin
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           ,
           the
           Price
           thereof
           being
           so
           very
           low
           ;
           but
           if
           any
           of
           these
           should
           fail
           ,
           as
           many
           times
           they
           do
           (
           as
           for
           Instance
           ,
           kniting
           of
           silk
           Stockings
           was
           of
           late
           years
           a
           very
           great
           Employment
           ,
           whereas
           now
           they
           have
           found
           out
           a
           way
           to
           weave
           both
           Silk
           and
           Worsted
           :
           the
           kniting
           Trade
           is
           greatly
           abated
           ,
           and
           't
           is
           like
           ,
           in
           time
           will
           come
           to
           very
           little
           ;
           had
           not
           then
           the
           poor
           People
           better
           spin
           than
           do
           nothing
           ?
           And
           were
           it
           not
           much
           better
           that
           his
           Majesty
           should
           lose
           the
           Custom
           of
           some
           Linnen
           Cloth
           ,
           than
           that
           the
           poor
           People
           should
           lose
           both
           their
           Bodies
           and
           Souls
           too
           in
           Sloath
           and
           Idleness
           ,
           the
           latter
           whereof
           ,
           is
           many
           times
           the
           Consequence
           of
           the
           former
           .
        
         
         
           But
           as
           to
           the
           Custom
           of
           Cloth
           ,
           it
           is
           humbly
           conceived
           ,
           that
           if
           a
           higher
           Impost
           were
           laid
           upon
           Foreign
           Linnen
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           a
           ready
           way
           to
           encourage
           this
           Manufacture
           at
           Home
           ;
           and
           also
           bring
           in
           as
           much
           Money
           to
           His
           Majesty
           ,
           though
           there
           should
           come
           in
           less
           Cloth
           than
           now
           there
           doth
           .
        
         
           But
           further
           ,
           let
           it
           be
           considered
           ,
           that
           this
           Employment
           of
           Spinning
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           ,
           is
           set
           up
           ,
           and
           intended
           only
           for
           those
           Persons
           that
           have
           nothing
           else
           to
           do
           ,
           or
           that
           can
           do
           little
           else
           ;
           of
           which
           number
           there
           are
           very
           many
           antient
           People
           ,
           who
           cannot
           see
           to
           wind
           Silk
           ,
           to
           stitch
           Bodice
           ,
           or
           to
           work
           with
           a
           Needle
           ,
           which
           yet
           can
           Spin
           indifferent
           well
           :
           Nay
           ,
           there
           are
           some
           at
           this
           time
           which
           spin
           to
           me
           ,
           that
           can
           see
           no
           more
           than
           the
           Wheels
           they
           spin
           upon
           ,
           that
           yet
           follow
           this
           Employment
           ,
           and
           can
           draw
           a
           Thread
           that
           for
           some
           purposes
           doth
           well
           enough
           ;
           And
           for
           young
           Children
           ,
           there
           is
           nothing
           they
           can
           more
           easily
           learn
           ,
           than
           to
           spin
           Linnen
           ,
           their
           Fingers
           being
           never
           so
           small
           ,
           being
           big
           enough
           to
           pull
           out
           the
           Flax
           ,
           and
           to
           make
           a
           fine
           Thread
           ,
           in
           so
           much
           ,
           that
           some
           Children
           that
           I
           have
           taken
           up
           ,
           that
           came
           begging
           to
           my
           Door
           ,
           which
           in
           six
           months
           time
           ,
           have
           drawn
           a
           pound
           of
           Flax
           to
           so
           fine
           a
           Thread
           ,
           that
           the
           Spinning
           hath
           come
           to
           twelve
           pence
           ,
           which
           very
           rarely
           Antient
           People
           will
           draw
           to
           seven
           pence
           .
        
         
           Obj.
           But
           again
           it
           will
           be
           objected
           ,
           where
           will
           you
           find
           a
           Stock
           to
           employ
           so
           many
           poor
           People
           as
           shall
           want
           Work
           ?
        
         
           Answ
           .
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           That
           there
           are
           few
           Parishes
           ,
           but
           either
           have
           a
           Stock
           of
           Money
           ,
           or
           so
           many
           good
           Men
           ,
           that
           would
           willingly
           lend
           gratis
           ,
           if
           not
           give
           considerably
           towards
           the
           carrying
           on
           of
           so
           good
           a
           work
           as
           is
           the
           Employment
           of
           the
           Poor
           :
           But
           in
           case
           either
           of
           these
           should
           fail
           ,
           the
           Parish
           may
           as
           easily
           raise
           a
           Stock
           to
           set
           the
           Poor
           at
           Work
           ,
           as
           raise
           Money
           by
           a
           Rate
           to
           keep
           them
           in
           Idleness
           .
           'T
           is
           very
           well
           known
           ,
           that
           some
           Parishes
           about
           London
           ,
           do
           raise
           some
           thousands
           of
           pounds
           every
           year
           for
           the
           Relief
           of
           their
           Poor
           ;
           and
           yet
           as
           the
           matter
           is
           handled
           ,
           very
           few
           who
           are
           not
           through
           Age
           or
           Sickness
           confined
           to
           their
           Houses
           ,
           but
           do
           beg
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Streets
           :
           To
           prevent
           which
           ,
           I
           know
           no
           better
           way
           ,
           than
           to
           provide
           Work
           for
           all
           that
           are
           able
           ;
           and
           instead
           of
           giving
           
           them
           twelve
           pence
           or
           two
           shillings
           in
           a
           Week
           ,
           in
           dry
           Money
           ,
           to
           give
           them
           the
           like
           value
           in
           Flax
           or
           Hemp
           ,
           which
           ,
           when
           they
           had
           spun
           ,
           they
           should
           be
           paid
           for
           at
           the
           same
           rate
           ,
           together
           with
           what
           the
           Spinning
           of
           it
           came
           unto
           .
           This
           in
           all
           probability
           would
           lessen
           the
           number
           of
           our
           Beggars
           and
           Street-walkers
           ,
           who
           having
           not
           sufficient
           for
           the
           Supply
           of
           their
           Wants
           ,
           allowed
           them
           by
           the
           Parish
           ,
           make
           up
           the
           rest
           by
           begging
           :
           if
           any
           one
           of
           these
           should
           pretend
           that
           they
           cannot
           spin
           ,
           the
           Answer
           is
           very
           near
           at
           hand
           ,
           they
           may
           soon
           learn
           ;
           since
           I
           set
           up
           this
           Employment
           ,
           I
           have
           taught
           several
           persons
           of
           about
           sixty
           years
           of
           age
           ,
           to
           Spin
           ,
           who
           do
           constantly
           follow
           this
           Work
           ,
           if
           they
           have
           no
           other
           ;
           but
           if
           this
           answer
           will
           not
           do
           ,
           the
           next
           should
           ,
           which
           is
           this
           ,
           if
           the
           Person
           cannot
           live
           of
           her
           Pension
           ,
           and
           will
           not
           ,
           being
           able
           ,
           accept
           of
           such
           Employment
           as
           the
           Parish
           hath
           to
           give
           ;
           let
           her
           get
           some
           other
           ,
           by
           means
           of
           which
           ,
           she
           may
           help
           to
           maintain
           her self
           ,
           so
           that
           she
           be
           not
           found
           begging
           in
           the
           Streets
           ,
           upon
           pain
           of
           losing
           that
           Relief
           which
           she
           received
           from
           the
           Parish
           ;
           to
           prevent
           which
           ,
           't
           is
           like
           she
           would
           fall
           to
           work
           ,
           from
           which
           ,
           and
           her
           Pension
           ,
           she
           might
           make
           a
           good
           Shift
           to
           live
           :
           Or
           ,
           otherwise
           let
           her
           person
           be
           secured
           as
           an
           Idle
           Beggar
           ,
           in
           the
           House
           of
           Correction
           ,
           where
           she
           should
           be
           made
           to
           work
           ,
           or
           forbid
           to
           eat
           ,
           as
           the
           Apostle
           St.
           Paul
           adviseth
           ,
           saying
           ,
           
             If
             any
             will
             not
             work
             ,
             neither
             let
             them
             eat
             .
          
        
         
           But
           further
           ,
           to
           encourage
           the
           setting
           up
           of
           the
           Linnen
           Manufacture
           for
           the
           Employment
           of
           the
           poor
           ,
           I
           desire
           it
           may
           be
           considered
           ,
           That
           there
           is
           no
           Commodity
           that
           I
           know
           of
           ,
           that
           is
           of
           the
           like
           Value
           ,
           that
           can
           be
           set
           up
           with
           less
           Stock
           or
           less
           Loss
           at
           first
           ,
           three
           parts
           of
           four
           even
           of
           that
           Cloth
           which
           comes
           not
           to
           above
           two
           Shillings
           an
           Ell
           ,
           will
           be
           paid
           for
           Labour
           to
           the
           Dresser
           of
           the
           Flax
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Spinner
           ,
           and
           Weaver
           ,
           and
           as
           they
           spin
           finer
           ,
           the
           price
           will
           advance
           so
           much
           ,
           that
           five
           parts
           of
           six
           shall
           go
           out
           upon
           that
           account
           .
           I
           my self
           have
           seen
           a
           Pound
           of
           Flax
           not
           worth
           above
           eighteen
           pence
           at
           most
           ,
           spun
           to
           that
           Fineness
           ,
           that
           the
           Pound
           of
           Thred
           hath
           been
           worth
           eight
           or
           ten
           Shillings
           ;
           and
           from
           other
           Countries
           we
           daily
           receive
           Thredspun
           of
           Flax
           ,
           not
           above
           three
           or
           four
           Shillings
           
           a
           Pound
           ,
           at
           the
           price
           of
           three
           or
           four
           Pound
           Sterling
           .
           Then
           as
           to
           the
           Loss
           by
           Children
           and
           Learners
           ,
           it
           will
           not
           be
           near
           so
           much
           as
           in
           many
           other
           things
           .
           A
           Child
           may
           first
           be
           set
           upon
           spinning
           of
           Tow
           ,
           which
           cost
           about
           two
           pence
           a
           pound
           ,
           which
           though
           it
           be
           spun
           never
           so
           badly
           will
           serve
           for
           some
           kind
           of
           use
           or
           other
           ,
           which
           in
           Wool
           would
           be
           good
           for
           nothing
           ,
           which
           yet
           is
           many
           times
           the
           Price
           .
        
         
           Moreover
           ,
           I
           desire
           it
           may
           be
           considered
           ,
           that
           in
           this
           Trade
           all
           sorts
           of
           Persons
           whether
           Young
           or
           Old
           ,
           Male
           or
           Female
           ,
           may
           find
           Employment
           ;
           if
           of
           Years
           and
           able
           ,
           they
           may
           beat
           Hemp
           ,
           dress
           Flax
           ,
           and
           make
           them
           ready
           for
           the
           Spinster
           ,
           and
           when
           spun
           ,
           may
           be
           employed
           in
           weaving
           it
           ,
           and
           those
           of
           both
           Sexes
           that
           are
           not
           able
           ,
           may
           be
           put
           to
           spinning
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           usual
           in
           many
           Places
           .
        
         
           Obj.
           The
           next
           Objection
           I
           have
           met
           with
           is
           this
           ,
           what
           will
           you
           do
           with
           all
           the
           Yarn
           these
           poor
           People
           shall
           spin
           ,
           if
           you
           turn
           it
           into
           Cloth
           ,
           the
           Commodity
           is
           brought
           over
           so
           cheap
           ,
           that
           you
           will
           never
           be
           able
           to
           sell
           it
           without
           much
           Loss
           .
        
         
           Answ
           .
           I
           must
           confess
           ,
           this
           Objection
           hath
           too
           much
           of
           Truth
           in
           it
           ,
           wholly
           to
           be
           removed
           :
           The
           best
           Answer
           I
           can
           make
           to
           it
           at
           present
           ,
           is
           this
           ,
           That
           we
           had
           better
           lose
           something
           by
           the
           Labour
           of
           the
           Poor
           ,
           than
           lose
           all
           ,
           by
           letting
           them
           live
           in
           Sloth
           and
           Idleness
           :
           For
           ,
           suppose
           you
           should
           give
           six
           pence
           for
           that
           which
           really
           is
           not
           worth
           five
           pence
           ,
           here
           will
           five
           pence
           be
           gained
           to
           the
           Nation
           ,
           tho'
           one
           penny
           should
           be
           lost
           to
           the
           Parish
           .
           But
           besides
           ,
           let
           it
           be
           considered
           ,
           that
           if
           this
           Person
           had
           not
           been
           employed
           ,
           there
           would
           not
           less
           have
           been
           spent
           ,
           but
           rather
           more
           ;
           forasmuch
           as
           six
           pence
           that
           is
           got
           by
           Labour
           ,
           doth
           many
           times
           go
           further
           than
           twelve
           pence
           given
           for
           doing
           nothing
           ,
           all
           that
           time
           People
           are
           idle
           ,
           they
           will
           be
           spending
           ,
           if
           they
           have
           where
           withal
           ;
           and
           if
           they
           have
           not
           ,
           't
           is
           like
           they
           will
           be
           worse
           employed
           ,
           and
           either
           beg
           or
           steal
           to
           supply
           their
           Wants
           .
        
         
           All
           that
           I
           can
           further
           say
           to
           this
           Objection
           ,
           is
           only
           this
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           to
           be
           hoped
           in
           time
           ,
           as
           our
           People
           grow
           more
           skilful
           and
           industrious
           ,
           we
           may
           be
           able
           to
           sell
           as
           cheap
           as
           our
           Neighbours
           ;
           but
           if
           we
           cannot
           ,
           't
           is
           much
           better
           to
           lose
           something
           
           in
           a
           way
           that
           will
           make
           the
           poor
           People
           better
           ,
           and
           the
           Nation
           richer
           ,
           than
           to
           suffer
           them
           to
           live
           in
           Sloth
           and
           Idleness
           ,
           to
           their
           utter
           ruine
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           great
           Loss
           and
           Damage
           of
           the
           Kingdom
           .
        
         
           Obj.
           But
           it
           may
           be
           some
           will
           object
           and
           say
           ,
           Where
           will
           you
           find
           Persons
           that
           have
           Skill
           to
           manage
           this
           Employment
           ,
           or
           whom
           shall
           the
           Parish
           trust
           with
           it
           ?
           If
           it
           be
           left
           to
           every
           body's
           Care
           ,
           it
           will
           come
           to
           nothing
           ;
           forasmuch
           as
           commonly
           that
           is
           no
           body's
           ,
           which
           is
           every
           body's
           Business
           :
           And
           if
           you
           leave
           it
           to
           the
           Care
           of
           one
           or
           two
           ,
           the
           Parish
           may
           be
           cheated
           .
        
         
           Ans
           .
           To
           this
           I
           answer
           ,
           That
           it
           is
           not
           to
           be
           doubted
           ,
           but
           that
           in
           every
           Parish
           some
           such
           honest
           and
           faithful
           Persons
           may
           be
           found
           ,
           as
           would
           not
           wrong
           the
           Parish
           ,
           nor
           imbezzle
           one
           farthing
           of
           their
           Stock
           ,
           but
           account
           it
           their
           Honour
           to
           be
           employed
           in
           so
           noble
           and
           generous
           a
           Work
           ,
           which
           would
           not
           only
           make
           a
           better
           Provision
           for
           the
           Poor
           ,
           but
           make
           them
           better
           also
           .
        
         
           
             A.B.
             in
             C.D.
             
          
        
         
           When
           the
           Yarn
           comes
           in
           ,
           I
           lay
           every
           sort
           by
           it self
           ,
           that
           is
           spun
           to
           a
           Fineness
           ,
           and
           when
           I
           deliver
           any
           of
           it
           to
           the
           Weaver
           ,
           I
           enter
           to
           his
           account
           the
           Quantity
           and
           Quality
           ;
           as
           for
           Instance
           ,
           to
           A.
           B.
           in
           C.
           D.
           so
           many
           pound
           of
           Yarn
           ,
           which
           cost
           such
           a
           price
           ;
           and
           when
           the
           Weaver
           brings
           home
           his
           Cloth
           ,
           I
           weigh
           it
           again
           ,
           by
           means
           of
           which
           ,
           I
           can
           certainly
           tell
           you
           ,
           at
           the
           making
           up
           of
           the
           Account
           ,
           whether
           all
           my
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           be
           brought
           home
           by
           the
           Spinner
           ,
           and
           all
           my
           Yarn
           by
           the
           Weaver
           ;
           as
           also
           what
           my
           Cloth
           stands
           me
           in
           :
           By
           which
           I
           do
           prevent
           being
           deceived
           by
           others
           ,
           and
           deceiving
           my self
           .
        
         
           When
           I
           first
           began
           to
           employ
           the
           Poor
           in
           Spinning
           ,
           the
           best
           direction
           that
           I
           could
           receive
           ,
           was
           to
           pay
           for
           spinning
           the
           same
           price
           that
           the
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           stood
           me
           in
           ,
           or
           what
           those
           sorts
           were
           generally
           sold
           for
           ;
           but
           this
           I
           soon
           found
           to
           be
           a
           very
           unequal
           way
           :
           Forasmuch
           as
           some
           People
           would
           spin
           a
           much
           finer
           Thread
           than
           others
           ,
           and
           better
           deserve
           8
           d.
           for
           spinning
           a
           pound
           of
           Flax
           that
           cost
           but
           six
           pence
           ,
           than
           another
           four
           pence
           ;
           so
           that
           after
           a
           little
           time
           ,
           I
           brought
           all
           the
           poor
           people
           to
           spin
           six
           hundred
           Yards
           for
           a
           penny
           ,
           were
           the
           Thread
           finer
           or
           courser
           ,
           which
           was
           three
           Knots
           or
           Lays
           about
           a
           half
           yard
           Reel
           ,
           with
           one
           hundred
           Threads
           in
           a
           Lay
           ,
           which
           makes
           just
           six
           hundred
           yards
           ;
           and
           since
           then
           ,
           with
           much
           ado
           ,
           finding
           the
           Loss
           to
           be
           great
           ,
           I
           have
           brought
           them
           to
           fifty
           Yards
           more
           ,
           which
           yet
           is
           much
           less
           than
           is
           spun
           in
           other
           places
           .
           In
           the
           Contract
           which
           the
           City
           of
           Bristol
           made
           with
           one
           Mr.
           King
           ,
           and
           others
           ,
           for
           the
           Employment
           of
           five
           hundred
           of
           their
           poor
           People
           in
           the
           way
           of
           Spinning
           :
           For
           the
           first
           Year
           ,
           he
           was
           
           obliged
           to
           pay
           them
           two
           pence
           half
           penny
           for
           sixteen
           hundred
           Yards
           of
           Yarn
           ,
           which
           is
           much
           about
           the
           price
           that
           I
           pay
           the
           poor
           People
           here
           ,
           because
           they
           being
           either
           wholly
           to
           learn
           ,
           or
           much
           to
           seek
           ,
           might
           not
           be
           discouraged
           ;
           but
           after
           the
           first
           Year
           ,
           by
           this
           Contract
           ,
           he
           might
           alter
           the
           Price
           ,
           provided
           he
           never
           brought
           them
           to
           spin
           above
           eight
           hundred
           Yards
           for
           a
           penny
           ;
           and
           I
           doubt
           not
           ,
           if
           our
           poor
           People
           could
           be
           brought
           to
           spin
           so
           much
           here
           ,
           there
           would
           be
           no
           Loss
           by
           the
           Liunen
           we
           make
           ,
           but
           rather
           Profit
           ;
           but
           the
           Mischief
           of
           it
           is
           ,
           our
           Poor
           People
           have
           not
           been
           brought
           up
           ,
           either
           to
           work
           hard
           ,
           or
           to
           fare
           hardly
           ;
           and
           the
           Trade
           of
           Begging
           ,
           being
           known
           to
           be
           so
           easie
           and
           gainful
           ,
           they
           will
           much
           rather
           range
           about
           forty
           or
           fifty
           Parishes
           in
           a
           day
           ,
           and
           get
           a
           penny
           in
           each
           Parish
           ,
           than
           work
           hard
           in
           one
           to
           get
           six
           pence
           or
           eight
           pence
           ;
           which
           they
           must
           do
           in
           this
           Employment
           :
           So
           that
           till
           the
           Magistrate
           will
           do
           his
           Duty
           ,
           and
           see
           the
           Laws
           put
           in
           Execution
           agaiust
           Beggars
           ,
           or
           the
           People
           grow
           so
           wise
           ,
           as
           not
           to
           encourage
           this
           wicked
           Course
           of
           Life
           ,
           I
           have
           little
           hope
           to
           see
           this
           matter
           much
           amended
           .
        
         
           Having
           given
           you
           an
           account
           of
           the
           price
           I
           pay
           for
           spinning
           ,
           I
           shall
           now
           tell
           you
           what
           I
           pay
           for
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           ,
           (
           though
           this
           is
           sometimes
           more
           or
           less
           ,
           as
           the
           Markets
           rise
           or
           fall
           )
           as
           also
           what
           I
           pay
           for
           dressing
           them
           ,
           and
           for
           weaving
           the
           Cloth
           I
           make
           ,
           because
           I
           would
           give
           the
           greatest
           Encouragment
           I
           could
           to
           the
           setting
           up
           this
           Manufacture
           ,
           for
           the
           Employment
           of
           our
           poor
           People
           ,
           till
           some
           other
           ,
           or
           better
           way
           should
           be
           found
           out
           .
        
         
           For
           Riga
           Hemp
           at
           this
           time
           ,
           I
           pay
           twenty
           shillings
           a
           hundred
           ,
           which
           is
           very
           low
           ;
           for
           Quinborough
           about
           twenty
           two
           ,
           which
           is
           cheap
           ;
           for
           Muscovia
           Flax
           ,
           about
           forty
           four
           a
           hundred
           ;
           for
           Quinborough
           about
           forty
           shillings
           a
           hundred
           ;
           for
           Holladay
           about
           thirty
           six
           ;
           for
           Pater-noster
           Flax
           ,
           about
           thirty
           :
           All
           which
           Prizes
           are
           very
           high
           to
           what
           they
           are
           at
           some
           times
           ;
           for
           English
           Flax
           ,
           about
           five
           pence
           half
           penny
           a
           pound
           undrest
           ;
           which
           Prizes
           I
           rather
           insert
           ,
           to
           give
           
           Buyers
           a
           little
           Aim
           ,
           than
           for
           a
           standing
           Rule
           .
           For
           beating
           of
           Hemp
           ,
           I
           pay
           four
           Shillings
           and
           eight
           pence
           ,
           a
           hundred
           Weight
           .
        
         
           For
           dressing
           Hemp
           long
           or
           short
           ,
           eleven
           pence
           a
           dozen
           pound
           ,
           for
           dressing
           Flax
           I
           give
           three
           pence
           a
           Stone
           ,
           accounting
           eight
           pound
           to
           the
           Stone
           .
        
         
           For
           Weaving
           Cloth
           ,
           I
           pay
           the
           several
           Prices
           following
           ,
           for
           Yarn
           spun
           to
           six
           pence
           and
           seven
           pence
           a
           pound
           ,
           for
           every
           Ell
           of
           Cloth
           half-ell
           wide
           ,
           two
           pence
           half
           penny
           ;
           for
           that
           which
           is
           three
           quarters
           wide
           ,
           three
           pence
           ;
           for
           that
           which
           is
           three
           quarters
           and
           half
           wide
           ,
           three
           pence
           half
           penny
           ;
           for
           that
           which
           is
           Yard
           wide
           ,
           four
           pence
           ;
           for
           that
           which
           is
           Ell
           wide
           five
           pence
           .
        
         
           For
           Yarn
           spun
           to
           nine
           pence
           and
           ten
           pence
           a
           pound
           ,
           I
           pay
           one
           half
           penny
           more
           for
           every
           half
           quarter
           of
           an
           Ell
           ,
           rising
           as
           before
           ;
           in
           that
           of
           seven
           pence
           and
           eight
           pence
           ,
           and
           the
           like
           in
           that
           which
           is
           still
           finer
           ;
           for
           course
           Cloth
           ,
           Yard
           half
           quarter
           wide
           ,
           I
           pay
           three
           pence
           an
           Ell
           ,
           and
           for
           Sacking
           ,
           about
           three
           pence
           a
           Yard
           .
        
         
           Which
           prices
           I
           have
           here
           inserted
           ,
           as
           I
           said
           before
           ,
           rather
           to
           give
           some
           Aim
           ,
           than
           to
           be
           a
           standing
           Rule
           ;
           yet
           this
           I
           am
           sure
           ,
           no
           one
           need
           to
           exceed
           them
           ,
           but
           in
           some
           places
           they
           may
           be
           abated
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           Cheapness
           of
           Living
           ,
           over
           what
           it
           is
           in
           this
           City
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           a
           thing
           greatly
           to
           be
           wished
           ,
           that
           we
           could
           make
           Linnen
           Cloth
           here
           ,
           as
           cheap
           as
           they
           send
           it
           us
           from
           abroad
           ,
           but
           if
           that
           cannot
           be
           done
           ,
           nor
           any
           other
           way
           found
           out
           to
           employ
           our
           poor
           People
           ,
           we
           had
           much
           better
           lose
           something
           by
           the
           Labour
           of
           our
           poor
           ,
           than
           loose
           all
           their
           Labour
           ,
           and
           keep
           them
           into
           the
           Bargain
           ,
           which
           must
           be
           done
           one
           way
           or
           other
           ;
           for
           the
           Back
           and
           Belly
           have
           no
           Ears
           ,
           Hunger
           will
           break
           through
           stone
           Walls
           ,
           and
           if
           some
           People
           cannot
           honestly
           ,
           they
           will
           any
           way
           supply
           their
           Wants
           ,
           though
           they
           are
           hanged
           for
           their
           Pains
           .
        
         
           But
           Thanks
           be
           to
           God
           ,
           there
           are
           still
           amongst
           us
           ,
           an
           honest
           sort
           of
           poor
           people
           ,
           that
           are
           content
           to
           take
           any
           pains
           
           for
           a
           Living
           ,
           rather
           than
           beg
           or
           steal
           ,
           and
           for
           their
           Sakes
           chiefly
           ,
           I
           have
           set
           up
           this
           Employment
           ,
           and
           do
           heartily
           wish
           it
           were
           better
           for
           their
           sakes
           ,
           they
           being
           indeed
           the
           truest
           Objects
           of
           Charity
           that
           will
           do
           what
           they
           can
           to
           get
           a
           Living
           ,
           and
           't
           is
           great
           Pity
           ,
           that
           such
           poor
           Souls
           should
           not
           be
           helped
           :
           If
           by
           what
           they
           are
           able
           to
           do
           ,
           they
           cannot
           procure
           to
           themselves
           Necessaries
           of
           this
           sort
           .
           You
           very
           seldom
           see
           any
           begging
           about
           the
           Streets
           ,
           except
           upon
           some
           extraordinary
           Occasion
           or
           Accident
           ,
           and
           then
           't
           is
           done
           with
           great
           Modesty
           ,
           and
           as
           much
           against
           their
           Natures
           as
           any
           thing
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           but
           starving
           .
        
         
           But
           as
           for
           those
           common
           Beggers
           ,
           and
           especially
           those
           profligate
           Wretches
           called
           the
           running
           Camp
           ,
           which
           every
           day
           pester
           our
           Streets
           ;
           they
           are
           a
           People
           that
           one
           would
           think
           came
           from
           the
           Suburbs
           of
           Hell
           it self
           ,
           a
           Dishonour
           to
           humane
           Nature
           ,
           a
           Shame
           to
           the
           Government
           ,
           and
           an
           intolerable
           Trouble
           to
           all
           persons
           they
           come
           near
           ,
           by
           their
           Swearing
           ,
           Scolding
           ,
           Fighting
           ,
           &c.
           
           You
           may
           easily
           know
           them
           ,
           as
           also
           by
           their
           numbers
           ,
           for
           they
           commonly
           go
           in
           Companies
           ,
           and
           will
           be
           present
           at
           all
           Solemnity
           ,
           but
           more
           especially
           at
           Feasts
           and
           Funerals
           .
           Of
           late
           they
           are
           grown
           so
           impudent
           ,
           that
           they
           will
           thrust
           themselves
           into
           Churches
           ,
           and
           by
           their
           Brawling
           and
           Scolding
           ,
           many
           times
           disturb
           the
           Minister
           ;
           when
           Sermon
           is
           done
           ,
           the
           Congregation
           must
           not
           pass
           out
           ,
           but
           one
           by
           one
           ,
           because
           they
           will
           make
           the
           most
           they
           can
           of
           it
           ,
           by
           asking
           every
           person
           something
           ,
           and
           what
           they
           get
           ,
           they
           spend
           as
           wickedly
           as
           they
           get
           it
           :
           So
           that
           to
           relieve
           these
           Miscreants
           ,
           is
           a
           greater
           Act
           of
           Folly
           (
           that
           I
           say
           no
           worse
           of
           it
           )
           than
           to
           throw
           a
           man's
           Money
           down
           the
           Thames
           ,
           for
           hereby
           you
           give
           Encouragement
           to
           this
           wicked
           kind
           of
           Life
           :
           and
           would
           once
           People
           be
           perswaded
           to
           forbear
           this
           foolish
           Pity
           ,
           they
           would
           be
           necessitated
           to
           work
           .
           I
           lately
           heard
           a
           Gentleman
           tell
           this
           Story
           ,
           who
           was
           persued
           by
           a
           lusty
           Rogue
           in
           Lincols-inn-fields
           ,
           that
           refusing
           to
           give
           him
           any
           thing
           ,
           cryed
           ,
           Ah
           ,
           Master
           if
           all
           were
           of
           your
           Mind
           ,
           I
           know
           what
           I
           would
           do
           ;
           upon
           the
           
           hearing
           of
           which
           ,
           he
           turned
           back
           again
           ,
           and
           said
           ,
           why
           Sirrah
           ,
           what
           would
           you
           do
           ?
           Truly
           Master
           said
           he
           ,
           I
           would
           fall
           to
           work
           :
           and
           I
           doubt
           not
           but
           the
           rest
           of
           his
           Brethren
           would
           do
           the
           like
           ,
           but
           that
           they
           find
           Begging
           so
           beneficial
           a
           Trade
           .
        
         
           It
           is
           not
           above
           six
           Months
           since
           ,
           that
           a
           Gentleman
           of
           good
           Quality
           ,
           that
           lives
           in
           the
           Country
           ,
           told
           me
           ,
           that
           having
           occasion
           to
           pass
           some
           of
           the
           Fields
           about
           the
           Town
           ,
           he
           met
           with
           a
           young
           Fellow
           that
           askt
           him
           for
           an
           Alms
           ,
           whom
           he
           no
           sooner
           lookt
           upon
           ,
           but
           he
           well
           remembred
           him
           to
           have
           lived
           in
           the
           same
           Parish
           where
           he
           did
           ,
           and
           asking
           him
           if
           he
           were
           not
           such
           a
           man
           ,
           he
           told
           him
           he
           was
           ,
           and
           presently
           called
           the
           Gentleman
           by
           his
           name
           ;
           who
           asking
           him
           how
           long
           he
           had
           folowed
           that
           Trade
           ?
           told
           him
           ,
           ever
           since
           his
           Wife
           died
           ,
           which
           was
           about
           three
           years
           :
           in
           short
           ,
           the
           Beggar
           askt
           him
           where
           he
           lay
           ,
           and
           desired
           he
           might
           have
           leave
           to
           wait
           upon
           him
           at
           his
           Chamber
           ,
           which
           he
           readily
           granted
           him
           ;
           withal
           ,
           wondring
           in
           himself
           ,
           what
           he
           should
           have
           to
           say
           to
           him
           ,
           but
           when
           he
           came
           ,
           he
           soon
           acquainted
           him
           with
           his
           Business
           ,
           which
           was
           to
           get
           him
           to
           put
           out
           200.
           l.
           that
           he
           had
           gotten
           by
           his
           new
           Trade
           ,
           to
           keep
           him
           as
           he
           said
           ,
           when
           he
           was
           old
           ;
           by
           which
           you
           see
           ,
           that
           begging
           is
           a
           very
           gainful
           Trade
           .
           So
           that
           't
           is
           no
           wonder
           that
           so
           many
           fall
           upon
           it
           ,
           and
           that
           all
           places
           ,
           but
           especially
           this
           City
           and
           Suburbs
           are
           so
           filled
           with
           them
           ,
           nor
           is
           there
           any
           Hopes
           to
           see
           them
           fewer
           ,
           till
           the
           Laws
           are
           put
           in
           Execution
           both
           against
           them
           ,
           and
           those
           that
           do
           relieve
           them
           .
           If
           any
           shall
           think
           that
           I
           am
           very
           uncharitable
           ,
           because
           I
           would
           have
           all
           lusty
           Beggars
           made
           to
           work
           ,
           or
           soundly
           whipt
           ,
           and
           such
           as
           relieve
           them
           ,
           punished
           as
           the
           Laws
           require
           ,
           I
           am
           very
           confident
           that
           they
           do
           not
           consider
           upon
           what
           good
           Grounds
           such
           Laws
           were
           made
           ,
           nor
           the
           great
           Evil
           such
           Relief
           doth
           both
           to
           the
           persons
           themselves
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           to
           the
           Nation
           ,
           nor
           yet
           the
           plain
           Injunction
           of
           the
           Apostle
           ,
           who
           saith
           ,
           
             If
             any
             will
             not
             work
             ,
             neither
             let
             them
             eat
             .
          
        
         
         
           Obj.
           But
           some
           will
           still
           object
           against
           the
           setting
           up
           the
           Linnen
           Manufacture
           ,
           That
           the
           Commodity
           is
           more
           proper
           for
           other
           Countreys
           ,
           because
           they
           have
           more
           plenty
           of
           Hemp
           and
           Flax
           ;
           and
           also
           ,
           that
           if
           we
           do
           not
           take
           off
           their
           Linnen
           ,
           they
           will
           not
           take
           off
           our
           .
           Woollen
           Cloth
           ,
           which
           is
           the
           Staple
           Commodity
           of
           our
           Nation
           ,
           and
           ought
           rather
           to
           be
           encouraged
           than
           any
           other
           .
        
         
           Answ
           .
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           First
           ,
           that
           for
           Flax
           ,
           our
           Country
           ,
           at
           least
           some
           parts
           of
           it
           ,
           is
           as
           proper
           as
           any
           other
           ,
           and
           may
           with
           good
           Management
           ,
           be
           made
           so
           for
           Hemp
           also
           .
        
         
           A
           Worthy
           Person
           in
           Surry
           ,
           having
           a
           mind
           to
           employ
           his
           poor
           Neighbours
           ,
           and
           to
           prevent
           the
           great
           Mischiefs
           that
           Idleness
           had
           produced
           among
           them
           ,
           as
           Begging
           ,
           Stealing
           and
           breaking
           of
           Hedges
           ,
           resolved
           to
           set
           up
           the
           Trade
           of
           Spinning
           Flax
           ,
           and
           making
           of
           Cloth
           ,
           which
           for
           some
           time
           he
           did
           ,
           by
           supplying
           himself
           with
           Flax
           from
           London
           ;
           but
           afterwards
           ,
           he
           caused
           ten
           Acres
           of
           his
           own
           Land
           to
           be
           sown
           with
           Flax
           ;
           and
           after
           a
           just
           Computation
           of
           his
           Charge
           ,
           reckoning
           his
           neat
           Flax
           at
           one
           penny
           in
           a
           pound
           less
           than
           he
           paid
           for
           the
           same
           sort
           from
           London
           the
           Year
           before
           ,
           made
           twenty
           shillings
           an
           Acre
           of
           his
           Ground
           ,
           which
           would
           not
           have
           been
           let
           at
           four
           shillings
           .
        
         
           But
           Secondly
           ,
           Let
           it
           be
           considered
           ,
           that
           some
           Countreys
           have
           fallen
           upon
           the
           making
           of
           Wollen
           Cloth
           ;
           and
           others
           in
           a
           manner
           prohibited
           it
           ,
           by
           laying
           so
           great
           a
           Charge
           upon
           it
           ;
           so
           that
           it
           is
           in
           a
           manner
           absolutely
           necessary
           for
           us
           to
           fall
           upon
           the
           making
           of
           Linnen
           Cloth
           ,
           to
           make
           up
           the
           Damage
           they
           have
           done
           us
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           true
           ,
           the
           Exchange
           of
           Commodities
           one
           Nation
           with
           another
           ,
           is
           a
           very
           profitable
           way
           of
           Commerce
           ,
           provided
           the
           Ballance
           of
           Trade
           be
           any
           thing
           equal
           ;
           which
           it
           is
           well
           known
           hath
           not
           been
           with
           France
           for
           some
           Years
           of
           late
           :
           So
           that
           there
           is
           very
           great
           reason
           we
           should
           fall
           upon
           making
           such
           Cloth
           as
           we
           receive
           from
           thence
           ,
           and
           that
           as
           great
           an
           Imposition
           should
           be
           laid
           upon
           their
           Linnen
           Cloth
           ,
           as
           they
           have
           laid
           upon
           our
           Woollen
           :
           The
           Linnens
           
           imported
           from
           France
           of
           late
           years
           ,
           as
           saith
           
             Britania
             Languens
          
           ,
           hath
           been
           estimated
           at
           five
           hundred
           thousand
           pounds
           :
           and
           so
           much
           as
           our
           Importations
           from
           France
           ,
           exceed
           our
           Exportations
           thither
           :
           So
           much
           the
           Nation
           loseth
           ,
           and
           is
           impoverished
           ;
           and
           in
           the
           same
           Proportion
           France
           gains
           ,
           which
           may
           be
           accounted
           a
           double
           Loss
           to
           England
           ,
           not
           only
           in
           making
           us
           so
           much
           poorer
           ,
           but
           also
           in
           making
           our
           most
           formidable
           Neighbour
           so
           much
           the
           richer
           ,
           and
           consequently
           ,
           so
           much
           the
           more
           able
           to
           do
           us
           harm
           :
           Therefore
           ,
           so
           much
           Cloth
           as
           we
           make
           here
           ,
           and
           would
           otherwise
           be
           brought
           us
           from
           France
           ,
           to
           the
           same
           proportion
           our
           Nation
           saves
           ,
           and
           France
           loseth
           ;
           which
           is
           a
           double
           advantage
           to
           us
           .
        
         
           I
           confess
           ,
           it
           is
           very
           necessary
           ;
           that
           the
           Woollen
           Manufacture
           should
           be
           kept
           up
           to
           the
           height
           ,
           and
           a
           thousand
           pities
           that
           any
           of
           our
           Wooll
           should
           be
           carried
           out
           of
           England
           unwrought
           ,
           especially
           at
           such
           a
           time
           as
           this
           ,
           when
           the
           Commodity
           is
           so
           much
           advanced
           ,
           and
           grown
           so
           scarce
           ,
           that
           't
           is
           much
           to
           be
           feared
           ,
           we
           shall
           not
           long
           have
           enough
           for
           those
           Hands
           that
           are
           already
           employed
           in
           it
           ;
           so
           that
           instead
           of
           prohibiting
           the
           wearing
           of
           Silk
           ,
           and
           Hair
           Stuffs
           for
           five
           months
           in
           a
           Year
           ,
           when
           so
           many
           thousand
           Persons
           are
           employed
           in
           those
           Commodities
           :
           It
           is
           thought
           may
           prove
           very
           prejudicial
           ;
           and
           that
           we
           had
           more
           need
           to
           encourage
           these
           Manufactures
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           ,
           to
           employ
           our
           Poor
           ,
           than
           forbid
           them
           ;
           neither
           indeed
           ,
           will
           this
           be
           a
           way
           to
           lessen
           our
           Woollen
           Manufacture
           ,
           but
           much
           more
           to
           encrease
           it
           :
           Forasmuch
           as
           any
           Person
           that
           wears
           Silk
           ,
           or
           Hair
           that
           is
           brought
           from
           beyond
           Sea
           ,
           in
           Exchange
           for
           our
           Woollen
           Cloth
           ,
           may
           be
           truly
           said
           to
           wear
           twice
           as
           much
           ,
           as
           he
           that
           has
           nothing
           but
           Woollen
           upon
           his
           Back
           .
        
         
           I
           desire
           also
           ,
           that
           it
           may
           be
           considered
           ,
           that
           although
           it
           matters
           not
           how
           great
           a
           price
           is
           paid
           for
           what
           is
           worn
           of
           the
           Wollen
           Manufacture
           among
           our selves
           ;
           yet
           if
           we
           shall
           not
           be
           able
           to
           send
           it
           abroad
           at
           a
           reasonable
           price
           ,
           we
           shall
           put
           other
           Countreys
           upon
           seeking
           out
           other
           Commodities
           
           that
           will
           be
           cheaper
           ,
           which
           may
           prove
           very
           mischievous
           .
        
         
           There
           is
           no
           great
           danger
           ,
           that
           ever
           our
           making
           of
           Linnen
           Cloth
           should
           do
           the
           Woollen
           much
           harm
           ,
           unless
           we
           could
           make
           it
           cheaper
           than
           we
           have
           it
           from
           other
           places
           ;
           and
           then
           if
           we
           furnished
           them
           with
           Linnen
           to
           as
           good
           advantage
           as
           Woollen
           ,
           the
           matter
           would
           be
           much
           the
           same
           .
        
         
           But
           lastly
           ,
           I
           am
           not
           fond
           of
           one
           Employment
           for
           our
           Poor
           ,
           more
           than
           for
           another
           ,
           let
           but
           our
           idle
           People
           be
           employed
           ,
           and
           the
           Trade
           of
           Begging
           supprest
           ,
           and
           I
           shall
           have
           attained
           my
           End
           :
           for
           this
           I
           am
           sure
           ,
           is
           a
           far
           greater
           Evil
           to
           the
           Nation
           ,
           and
           every
           way
           more
           mischievous
           than
           the
           setting
           them
           to
           make
           Linnen-Cloth
           ,
           or
           any
           other
           thing
           would
           be
           .
           Nay
           ,
           I
           am
           very
           confident
           ,
           I
           conceive
           upon
           good
           grounds
           ,
           that
           it
           were
           much
           better
           for
           the
           Nation
           to
           employ
           the
           poor
           to
           pick
           Straws
           ,
           if
           there
           were
           no
           better
           Employment
           for
           them
           ,
           than
           to
           let
           them
           live
           in
           Sloth
           and
           Idleness
           ,
           because
           what
           they
           got
           by
           their
           Labours
           ,
           would
           go
           much
           farther
           than
           so
           much
           given
           them
           for
           doing
           nothing
           :
           all
           the
           idle
           person
           hath
           to
           do
           ,
           is
           to
           spend
           what
           you
           give
           him
           ,
           which
           he
           will
           quickly
           do
           ,
           when
           that
           is
           all
           his
           Business
           ,
           but
           he
           that
           is
           employed
           hath
           something
           else
           to
           mind
           ;
           neither
           will
           his
           Wants
           be
           so
           many
           ,
           as
           the
           others
           ,
           nor
           himself
           in
           half
           so
           much
           danger
           as
           the
           idle
           Person
           ,
           whose
           Head
           is
           the
           Devils
           Anvil
           ,
           where
           he
           forges
           all
           his
           Instruments
           of
           Death
           ,
           and
           by
           being
           altogether
           at
           Leisure
           ,
           may
           even
           be
           said
           to
           tempt
           the
           Devil
           himself
           to
           fall
           upon
           him
           ,
           being
           ready
           for
           want
           of
           other
           or
           better
           Business
           ,
           to
           do
           any
           thing
           ,
           which
           either
           the
           Devil
           or
           his
           own
           wicked
           heart
           can
           suggest
           to
           him
           ,
           or
           set
           him
           upon
           .
        
         
           But
           there
           is
           one
           Objection
           more
           ,
           which
           I
           have
           lately
           met
           with
           ,
           which
           I
           cannot
           well
           pass
           over
           ,
           and
           that
           is
           this
           ?
        
         
           Obj.
           Though
           it
           cannot
           be
           denied
           but
           that
           in
           the
           general
           ,
           the
           Employment
           of
           the
           Poor
           is
           a
           very
           good
           Work
           ,
           yet
           it
           may
           not
           be
           convenient
           to
           set
           up
           any
           Manufacture
           in
           this
           City
           for
           the
           doing
           of
           it
           ,
           least
           by
           this
           means
           you
           drain
           the
           
           Countreys
           of
           all
           their
           poor
           People
           ,
           and
           in
           time
           so
           fill
           the
           City
           and
           Suburbs
           with
           them
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           Manufactures
           in
           England
           shall
           not
           be
           enough
           to
           employ
           them
           ;
           and
           also
           ,
           because
           by
           Experience
           it
           is
           found
           ,
           that
           all
           those
           Places
           where
           there
           is
           any
           Manufacture
           set
           up
           ,
           are
           much
           fuller
           of
           poor
           people
           than
           any
           other
           .
           And
           lastly
           ,
           because
           it
           is
           not
           convenient
           ,
           that
           the
           making
           and
           Consumption
           of
           any
           Commodity
           should
           be
           in
           one
           and
           the
           same
           place
           .
        
         
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           first
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           Employment
           of
           the
           Poor
           be
           good
           in
           any
           place
           ,
           it
           is
           so
           here
           ,
           both
           because
           they
           are
           more
           in
           number
           in
           this
           City
           and
           Suburbs
           ,
           than
           in
           any
           other
           Places
           ,
           and
           because
           if
           they
           are
           here
           suffered
           to
           be
           idle
           ,
           they
           will
           have
           more
           Temptations
           and
           Opportunities
           to
           do
           mischief
           ,
           than
           they
           will
           have
           any
           where
           else
           .
        
         
           As
           to
           what
           is
           objected
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           setting
           up
           of
           any
           Manufacture
           here
           for
           the
           Employment
           of
           the
           Poor
           ,
           you
           will
           drein
           the
           Countreys
           of
           all
           their
           poor
           People
           ,
           and
           at
           last
           so
           fill
           the
           City
           and
           Suburbs
           with
           them
           ,
           that
           all
           the
           Manufactures
           of
           England
           shall
           not
           be
           enough
           to
           supply
           them
           .
        
         
           I
           answer
           ,
           first
           ,
           that
           there
           will
           need
           no
           more
           work
           to
           employ
           them
           in
           the
           City
           ,
           than
           in
           the
           Country
           ;
           so
           that
           if
           all
           the
           Manufactures
           in
           England
           will
           not
           employ
           them
           here
           ,
           neither
           will
           they
           do
           it
           in
           the
           Country
           .
           But
           ,
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           I
           desire
           it
           may
           be
           considered
           ,
           that
           where
           there
           is
           one
           person
           comes
           to
           this
           City
           to
           find
           Work
           ,
           there
           is
           two
           comes
           to
           beg
           or
           to
           do
           worse
           :
           so
           that
           if
           due
           care
           were
           taken
           to
           employ
           all
           persons
           that
           were
           idle
           ,
           and
           the
           Laws
           put
           in
           Execution
           against
           Beggars
           ,
           a
           great
           many
           persons
           would
           soon
           leave
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           return
           to
           their
           own
           Countries
           ,
           where
           they
           might
           have
           near
           as
           much
           Money
           for
           their
           work
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           more
           meat
           for
           their
           Money
           ;
           and
           till
           this
           easie
           and
           gainful
           ,
           though
           wicked
           Trade
           of
           Begging
           shall
           be
           supprest
           ,
           I
           do
           not
           expect
           to
           see
           fewer
           ,
           but
           more
           Beggars
           every
           day
           .
           It
           is
           well
           known
           ,
           that
           of
           late
           years
           ,
           many
           persons
           have
           come
           from
           the
           farthest
           parts
           of
           this
           Nation
           to
           set
           up
           this
           Trade
           here
           ,
           and
           if
           speedy
           Care
           be
           not
           taken
           to
           prevent
           it
           ,
           
           this
           City
           and
           Suburbs
           will
           drain
           all
           the
           poor
           people
           of
           England
           unto
           them
           ,
           Begging
           being
           here
           a
           better
           Trade
           than
           any
           where
           else
           ,
           and
           greater
           Encouragement
           given
           to
           it
           .
        
         
           As
           to
           that
           part
           of
           the
           Objection
           ,
           which
           saith
           ,
           that
           those
           Towns
           ,
           where
           there
           is
           any
           Manufacture
           set
           up
           ,
           are
           fuller
           of
           poor
           People
           than
           any
           other
           places
           ,
           the
           Answer
           is
           easie
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           Because
           those
           places
           have
           abundantly
           more
           People
           in
           them
           than
           any
           other
           ,
           all
           Manufactures
           being
           carried
           on
           chiefly
           by
           the
           Poor
           ,
           and
           not
           only
           by
           the
           Rich
           ;
           so
           necessary
           are
           the
           Poor
           to
           the
           carrying
           on
           of
           any
           Manufacture
           ,
           that
           the
           one
           would
           cease
           without
           the
           other
           .
        
         
           But
           let
           it
           also
           be
           considered
           ,
           that
           as
           in
           these
           Places
           ,
           there
           are
           the
           poorest
           ,
           so
           also
           here
           are
           the
           richest
           ;
           and
           as
           there
           are
           in
           these
           places
           more
           poor
           People
           than
           in
           others
           ,
           so
           also
           there
           are
           more
           rich
           People
           than
           in
           those
           places
           where
           there
           is
           no
           Manufacture
           ,
           the
           Trade
           of
           such
           places
           being
           very
           little
           ;
           Let
           any
           one
           compare
           the
           Trade
           of
           Colchester
           with
           the
           Trade
           of
           Ipswich
           ,
           and
           he
           shall
           find
           ,
           that
           where
           the
           Town
           of
           Ipswich
           gets
           one
           penny
           ,
           the
           Town
           of
           Colchester
           gets
           twelve
           pence
           ;
           and
           for
           every
           twelve
           pence
           returned
           in
           Ipswich
           ,
           there
           is
           near
           twenty
           shillings
           returned
           in
           Colchester
           .
           Let
           the
           Poor
           of
           any
           place
           be
           never
           so
           many
           ,
           provided
           they
           work
           and
           do
           not
           eat
           the
           Bread
           of
           Idleness
           ,
           the
           place
           will
           be
           the
           richer
           for
           them
           ,
           and
           the
           Trade
           far
           the
           better
           :
           For
           these
           People
           must
           eat
           ,
           and
           drink
           ,
           and
           wear
           Clothes
           ,
           as
           well
           ,
           tho'
           not
           so
           good
           ,
           as
           those
           that
           are
           richer
           ;
           and
           by
           these
           the
           Trade
           will
           be
           much
           increased
           ,
           and
           the
           Inhabitants
           made
           much
           richer
           than
           otherwise
           they
           would
           be
           :
           A
           multitude
           of
           poor
           People
           well
           employed
           ,
           would
           be
           like
           a
           multitude
           of
           Bees
           in
           a
           Hive
           ,
           which
           would
           much
           sooner
           fill
           it
           with
           Honey
           than
           if
           they
           were
           fewer
           .
        
         
           I
           would
           gladly
           know
           how
           our
           poor
           People
           shall
           be
           provided
           for
           ,
           if
           Begging
           must
           not
           be
           allowed
           ,
           nor
           Working
           encouraged
           ,
           for
           fear
           of
           bringing
           more
           poor
           People
           among
           us
           .
           Put
           the
           case
           this
           were
           an
           Evil
           which
           yet
           I
           cannot
           allow
           ,
           
           must
           we
           not
           do
           good
           to
           our
           own
           Poor
           ,
           for
           fear
           it
           should
           bring
           the
           Poor
           of
           other
           places
           among
           us
           .
           For
           my
           part
           ,
           I
           am
           so
           far
           from
           thinking
           abundance
           of
           poor
           People
           an
           Evil
           ,
           that
           if
           they
           were
           well
           employed
           ,
           they
           would
           prove
           a
           Blessing
           to
           us
           :
           For
           in
           all
           Labour
           there
           is
           Profit
           ,
           saith
           the
           Wiseman
           :
           't
           is
           only
           Idleness
           that
           makes
           the
           poor
           a
           Burthen
           both
           to
           themselves
           ,
           and
           the
           Places
           where
           they
           inhabit
           .
        
         
           But
           lastly
           ,
           That
           all
           Pretences
           may
           be
           taken
           away
           from
           such
           as
           object
           against
           our
           Employment
           of
           the
           Poor
           among
           us
           ,
           lest
           we
           should
           bring
           in
           the
           Poor
           of
           other
           Places
           :
           If
           the
           several
           Parishes
           do
           not
           like
           of
           this
           ,
           they
           have
           Laws
           to
           keep
           them
           out
           ;
           and
           they
           may
           thank
           themselves
           ,
           that
           so
           many
           necessitous
           Persons
           do
           daily
           come
           in
           among
           them
           ,
           because
           they
           do
           not
           prevent
           Inmates
           ,
           but
           suffer
           any
           to
           settle
           among
           them
           ,
           that
           may
           be
           chargeable
           ,
           without
           giving
           Security
           to
           prevent
           it
           .
        
         
           But
           it
           is
           further
           said
           in
           the
           Objection
           ,
           that
           the
           Making
           and
           Consumption
           of
           any
           Commodity
           ,
           should
           not
           be
           in
           one
           and
           the
           same
           place
           .
        
         
           To
           which
           it
           is
           answered
           ,
           that
           this
           part
           of
           the
           Objection
           ,
           even
           by
           the
           Confession
           of
           all
           ,
           hath
           no
           force
           in
           it
           as
           to
           many
           things
           ;
           and
           why
           it
           should
           as
           to
           any
           ,
           I
           see
           no
           reason
           :
           It
           was
           never
           doubted
           ,
           but
           that
           good
           Beer
           and
           Ale
           ,
           which
           some
           call
           our
           English
           Manufacture
           ,
           may
           without
           any
           prejudice
           ,
           be
           made
           and
           consumed
           in
           one
           and
           the
           same
           place
           ;
           and
           why
           not
           any
           Commodity
           for
           the
           Back
           ,
           if
           there
           be
           need
           of
           them
           ,
           as
           well
           as
           those
           for
           the
           Belly
           ?
           I
           do
           not
           understand
           :
           We
           use
           to
           say
           ,
           Every
           man
           will
           Christen
           his
           own
           Child
           first
           :
           So
           much
           of
           any
           Commodity
           as
           is
           necessary
           ,
           will
           be
           made
           use
           of
           in
           the
           place
           where
           it
           is
           made
           ,
           and
           only
           the
           rest
           sent
           abroad
           .
        
         
           Put
           the
           Case
           ,
           for
           want
           of
           other
           Employment
           ,
           the
           City
           of
           London
           should
           set
           their
           poor
           People
           upon
           making
           Linnen
           Cloth
           ,
           and
           that
           in
           time
           they
           should
           be
           able
           to
           fit
           the
           Country
           with
           it
           ,
           upon
           as
           good
           terms
           as
           they
           do
           twenty
           
           others
           that
           are
           made
           in
           this
           City
           .
           Where
           would
           be
           the
           Prejudice
           ,
           if
           in
           the
           first
           place
           they
           supplied
           themselves
           with
           what
           they
           have
           occasion
           for
           .
        
         
           But
           as
           to
           the
           sort
           of
           Work
           ,
           you
           will
           employ
           the
           poor
           People
           in
           ,
           I
           am
           not
           concerned
           so
           much
           for
           that
           ,
           as
           that
           you
           do
           employ
           them
           some
           way
           or
           other
           ,
           and
           prevent
           that
           idle
           kind
           of
           Life
           ,
           which
           many
           of
           them
           lead
           ,
           which
           will
           bring
           them
           ,
           not
           only
           to
           Beggary
           ,
           but
           to
           all
           manner
           of
           Vice
           ,
           as
           hath
           been
           already
           observed
           from
           what
           hath
           been
           said
           ,
           I
           think
           it
           doth
           plainly
           appear
           ,
           that
           the
           only
           way
           to
           prevent
           Poverty
           and
           Want
           among
           those
           that
           are
           well
           and
           able
           to
           work
           ,
           is
           to
           bring
           them
           to
           Labour
           ,
           and
           prevent
           Idleness
           ,
           which
           being
           done
           ,
           it
           will
           be
           much
           easier
           to
           provide
           for
           those
           that
           through
           Age
           ,
           Sickness
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           ,
           are
           utterly
           uncapable
           of
           doing
           any
           thing
           towards
           their
           own
           maintenance
           :
           And
           that
           this
           might
           effectually
           be
           done
           ,
           care
           must
           be
           taken
           to
           put
           the
           Laws
           in
           Execution
           ,
           which
           are
           made
           on
           that
           behalf
           ,
           which
           I
           am
           told
           ,
           hath
           strictly
           enjoyned
           every
           Parish
           ,
           to
           take
           care
           ,
           that
           such
           Persons
           ,
           may
           have
           such
           an
           Allowance
           ,
           as
           may
           be
           suitable
           and
           sufficient
           for
           their
           Wants
           ,
           that
           so
           they
           need
           not
           be
           necessitated
           to
           beg
           ,
           nor
           forced
           to
           go
           out
           of
           their
           own
           Parish
           to
           seek
           Relief
           :
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           if
           the
           Places
           where
           they
           live
           ,
           be
           not
           able
           to
           give
           them
           a
           sufficient
           Supply
           to
           their
           Wants
           and
           Necessities
           ,
           they
           ought
           to
           apply
           themselves
           to
           their
           next
           Neighbours
           for
           Help
           and
           Assistance
           ;
           and
           in
           case
           they
           fail
           herein
           ,
           't
           is
           their
           own
           Fault
           .
           And
           indeed
           ,
           what
           can
           be
           more
           reasonable
           than
           such
           Laws
           as
           these
           ?
           Forasmuch
           as
           there
           is
           nothing
           can
           tend
           more
           to
           the
           Dishonour
           of
           any
           Nation
           ,
           than
           to
           see
           such
           poor
           ,
           aged
           ,
           sick
           and
           impotent
           People
           ,
           necessitated
           to
           beg
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Streets
           ,
           when
           God
           knows
           ,
           many
           times
           they
           are
           fitter
           to
           be
           in
           Bed.
           That
           we
           do
           not
           force
           such
           as
           are
           able
           to
           work
           and
           get
           their
           own
           Livings
           ,
           is
           a
           shame
           only
           to
           our
           Prudence
           ,
           and
           want
           of
           good
           Government
           ;
           but
           that
           we
           necessitate
           such
           Persons
           as
           those
           to
           beg
           ,
           is
           a
           shame
           to
           our
           very
           Profession
           of
           Christianity
           ,
           and
           shews
           
           that
           we
           are
           hard-hearted
           ,
           and
           have
           no
           Bowels
           of
           Compassion
           to
           our
           poor
           Brethren
           .
           Surely
           this
           is
           not
           to
           give
           Honour
           to
           the
           Aged
           ,
           nor
           to
           be
           Eyes
           to
           the
           Blind
           ,
           and
           Feet
           to
           the
           lame
           ,
           and
           Wisdom
           to
           them
           which
           have
           no
           Understanding
           ,
           nor
           yet
           to
           do
           to
           others
           as
           we
           would
           that
           they
           should
           do
           unto
           us
           ,
           if
           we
           were
           in
           such
           Circumstances
           .
           It
           many
           times
           falls
           out
           ,
           that
           Persons
           who
           have
           lived
           well
           in
           their
           younger
           Years
           ,
           and
           it
           may
           be
           wrought
           hard
           when
           they
           were
           able
           ,
           that
           by
           reason
           of
           Sickness
           ,
           or
           some
           sad
           Accident
           ,
           have
           come
           to
           Poverty
           in
           their
           Old
           Age.
           
        
         
           How
           often
           hath
           it
           fallen
           out
           ,
           that
           Widows
           ,
           by
           trusting
           their
           Estates
           in
           the
           Hands
           of
           Knaves
           ,
           have
           lost
           all
           they
           had
           ,
           and
           been
           brought
           to
           Want
           ?
           having
           out-lived
           all
           their
           Friends
           and
           near
           Relations
           ,
           and
           nothing
           to
           help
           them
           ,
           but
           the
           Kindness
           of
           the
           Parish
           ,
           and
           if
           that
           fail
           ,
           how
           miserable
           must
           they
           be
           ?
        
         
           Now
           for
           the
           Prevention
           of
           which
           ,
           I
           would
           propose
           one
           or
           two
           things
           more
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           That
           in
           every
           great
           Parish
           ,
           there
           might
           be
           some
           other
           persons
           appointed
           besides
           the
           Church-wardens
           ,
           who
           should
           be
           men
           of
           the
           best
           Reputation
           ,
           both
           for
           Honesty
           and
           Estates
           ,
           to
           whom
           I
           would
           have
           given
           that
           honourable
           Title
           of
           being
           called
           Fathers
           for
           the
           Poor
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           now
           in
           the
           French
           and
           Dutch
           Churches
           ,
           whose
           chief
           work
           and
           Business
           it
           should
           be
           ,
           to
           visit
           such
           poor
           People
           ,
           and
           to
           inspect
           their
           Wants
           ,
           and
           to
           have
           some
           part
           at
           least
           of
           the
           Parish
           stock
           ,
           committed
           to
           them
           for
           the
           Supply
           of
           them
           whereas
           now
           alas
           ,
           the
           poor
           people
           must
           themselves
           apply
           to
           the
           Church-wardens
           if
           they
           are
           able
           to
           crawl
           abroad
           ,
           otherwise
           ,
           if
           their
           own
           Neighbours
           ,
           which
           many
           times
           are
           poor
           enough
           themselves
           ,
           are
           not
           the
           kinder
           ,
           they
           may
           perish
           in
           their
           own
           Houses
           for
           want
           of
           Food
           ,
           Physick
           ,
           Fire
           or
           Cloaths
           ,
           as
           I
           have
           great
           reason
           to
           believe
           many
           hundreds
           have
           done
           of
           late
           years
           ,
           I
           pray
           God
           lay
           it
           not
           to
           our
           Charge
           ,
           that
           in
           a
           Nation
           so
           abounding
           with
           Riches
           and
           Plenty
           as
           England
           doth
           ,
           any
           person
           should
           perish
           through
           want
           .
           It
           is
           well
           
           well
           known
           ,
           that
           the
           Church-Wardens
           of
           most
           Parishes
           ,
           come
           not
           to
           those
           places
           ,
           because
           they
           are
           better
           or
           richer
           men
           than
           others
           ,
           but
           because
           of
           their
           long
           Standing
           in
           the
           Parish
           ;
           and
           many
           times
           ,
           God
           knows
           ,
           they
           are
           no
           more
           affected
           with
           the
           Wants
           and
           Necessities
           of
           a
           poor
           Creature
           ,
           than
           a
           Grave-maker
           at
           the
           sight
           of
           a
           dead
           Corps
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           I
           propose
           that
           some
           such
           Houses
           may
           be
           crected
           here
           as
           are
           in
           Holland
           ,
           for
           the
           Reception
           of
           aged
           persons
           ,
           to
           which
           they
           may
           resort
           ,
           and
           be
           admitted
           as
           soon
           as
           they
           find
           themselves
           in
           a
           declining
           Condition
           ,
           before
           all
           is
           spent
           or
           lost
           ,
           paying
           for
           their
           Admittance
           according
           to
           their
           Age
           ,
           and
           the
           Quality
           of
           such
           Houses
           as
           they
           should
           desire
           to
           go
           into
           ;
           for
           of
           these
           ,
           I
           would
           have
           several
           sorts
           .
           This
           in
           a
           few
           years
           would
           prevent
           much
           of
           that
           Poverty
           and
           Necessity
           ,
           that
           oftentimes
           fall
           upon
           old
           Age
           ;
           as
           to
           give
           an
           Instance
           or
           two
           ,
           suppose
           that
           a
           Woman
           buries
           her
           Husband
           ,
           who
           leaves
           her
           in
           Goods
           and
           Money
           to
           the
           value
           of
           one
           or
           two
           hundred
           pounds
           ,
           but
           altogether
           unable
           to
           manage
           the
           Trade
           her
           Husband
           followed
           or
           any
           other
           ,
           what
           can
           this
           poor
           Woman
           do
           ,
           to
           live
           upon
           the
           Interest
           of
           this
           Money
           ,
           though
           she
           knew
           never
           so
           well
           ,
           how
           to
           secure
           it
           ,
           she
           cannot
           ;
           and
           if
           she
           lives
           upon
           the
           Principal
           ,
           it
           will
           soon
           be
           gone
           .
           In
           such
           a
           case
           ,
           what
           more
           advisable
           ,
           than
           that
           this
           Person
           forthwith
           go
           and
           purchase
           for
           her self
           a
           Being
           in
           one
           of
           these
           Houses
           ,
           where
           she
           shall
           be
           well
           provided
           for
           ,
           as
           long
           as
           she
           live
           ,
           and
           be
           delivered
           from
           the
           fear
           of
           Want
           in
           her
           old
           Age
           ,
           which
           many
           times
           is
           more
           grievous
           than
           the
           fear
           of
           Death
           it self
           ?
        
         
           How
           often
           have
           it
           faln
           out
           ,
           that
           Widows
           who
           were
           left
           well
           by
           their
           Husbands
           ,
           for
           Want
           of
           Understanding
           to
           manage
           their
           Estates
           ,
           or
           by
           trusting
           it
           in
           insolvent
           hands
           ,
           have
           lost
           all
           ,
           and
           brought
           themselves
           to
           Poverty
           ;
           or
           suppose
           as
           many
           times
           it
           hapneth
           ,
           that
           while
           a
           Man
           and
           his
           Wife
           live
           ,
           their
           Trade
           should
           either
           grow
           out
           of
           Fashion
           ,
           or
           so
           bad
           ,
           that
           it
           was
           not
           possible
           for
           them
           either
           to
           get
           a
           Living
           by
           it
           ,
           or
           to
           fall
           into
           any
           other
           .
           In
           this
           case
           ,
           would
           it
           not
           be
           
           much
           for
           the
           Advantage
           of
           both
           these
           Persons
           ,
           while
           something
           was
           left
           ,
           to
           go
           and
           make
           Provision
           for
           themselves
           in
           one
           of
           these
           Houses
           where
           they
           should
           be
           comfortably
           provided
           for
           as
           long
           as
           they
           lived
           ,
           and
           the
           longer
           Liver
           of
           them
           .
        
         
           I
           doubt
           not
           ,
           but
           there
           are
           many
           persons
           that
           have
           known
           the
           Cases
           now
           put
           often
           to
           happen
           ,
           and
           many
           others
           of
           the
           like
           nature
           ;
           this
           would
           be
           a
           sort
           of
           Charity
           ,
           if
           I
           may
           call
           it
           Charity
           ,
           very
           advantagious
           to
           the
           Persons
           that
           should
           partake
           of
           it
           ,
           and
           as
           it
           may
           fall
           out
           ,
           very
           profitable
           to
           the
           Setter
           of
           it
           up
           ,
           but
           however
           ,
           without
           Loss
           ,
           and
           would
           really
           be
           a
           far
           greater
           piece
           of
           Service
           done
           to
           the
           Nation
           ,
           than
           are
           for
           the
           most
           part
           our
           Alms
           Houses
           ,
           which
           though
           never
           so
           well
           intended
           ,
           are
           in
           some
           Respects
           prejudicial
           ,
           drawing
           poor
           People
           to
           settle
           in
           such
           places
           where
           they
           are
           erected
           ,
           and
           a
           means
           to
           make
           some
           People
           careless
           in
           laying
           up
           any
           thing
           against
           old
           Age
           ,
           in
           hopes
           of
           being
           there
           provided
           for
           ;
           not
           that
           I
           would
           wholly
           discourage
           this
           way
           of
           Charity
           :
           In
           some
           Respects
           it
           may
           be
           good
           ,
           but
           yet
           I
           will
           say
           ,
           that
           this
           is
           no
           way
           inferiour
           to
           it
           ,
           in
           as
           much
           ,
           as
           many
           times
           it
           would
           effectually
           prevent
           that
           Poverty
           which
           often
           falls
           upon
           Old
           Age
           ,
           which
           is
           doubtless
           as
           great
           an
           Act
           of
           Charity
           ,
           as
           to
           relieve
           Persons
           in
           Necessity
           .
           I
           am
           verily
           perswaded
           ,
           if
           one
           such
           Building
           as
           this
           I
           am
           now
           speaking
           of
           ,
           was
           erected
           ,
           for
           the
           Reception
           of
           Aged
           Men
           ,
           or
           Women
           ,
           or
           both
           ,
           and
           well
           endowed
           for
           the
           performance
           of
           such
           Conditions
           as
           should
           be
           made
           ,
           there
           would
           be
           no
           want
           of
           Persons
           to
           go
           into
           it
           ;
           and
           that
           in
           a
           short
           time
           ,
           so
           many
           would
           be
           erected
           ,
           that
           the
           next
           Generation
           should
           not
           see
           one
           quarter
           so
           many
           of
           poor
           aged
           People
           ,
           exposed
           to
           Beggary
           as
           in
           this
           .
           There
           are
           some
           persons
           that
           I
           know
           ,
           who
           have
           poor
           Relations
           ,
           that
           would
           willingly
           be
           at
           one
           or
           200
           l.
           Charge
           ,
           to
           see
           them
           thus
           provided
           for
           .
           I
           wish
           that
           all
           that
           were
           able
           ,
           were
           so
           well
           minded
           ;
           but
           on
           the
           contrary
           ,
           to
           their
           shame
           be
           it
           spoken
           ,
           I
           know
           some
           that
           have
           so
           little
           Charity
           for
           their
           poor
           Relation
           ,
           that
           though
           they
           are
           able
           ,
           yet
           suffer
           them
           to
           want
           ;
           nay
           ,
           to
           beg
           .
           I
           hope
           the
           number
           
           of
           such
           uunatural
           Wretches
           are
           not
           many
           ,
           yet
           some
           such
           there
           are
           ,
           who
           provide
           not
           for
           their
           own
           Kindred
           ,
           of
           whom
           the
           Apostle
           saith
           ,
           That
           they
           have
           denied
           the
           Faith
           ,
           and
           are
           worse
           than
           Infidels
           .
        
         
           But
           now
           Sir
           ,
           that
           I
           may
           give
           you
           an
           account
           of
           the
           Work-house
           in
           Aldersgate
           Parish
           ,
           and
           the
           management
           of
           Affairs
           there
           (
           which
           was
           the
           thing
           you
           desired
           ,
           and
           what
           first
           I
           chiefly
           intended
           )
           by
           which
           I
           hope
           there
           will
           appear
           a
           very
           likely
           way
           to
           prevent
           much
           Poverty
           for
           the
           Future
           ,
           and
           Beggary
           for
           the
           Present
           .
        
         
           The
           House
           being
           finished
           ,
           I
           acquainted
           the
           Parish
           ,
           that
           if
           they
           had
           any
           poor
           People
           that
           wanted
           Employment
           ,
           if
           they
           went
           thither
           ,
           I
           would
           supply
           them
           ,
           upon
           these
           Conditions
           ,
           viz.
           that
           they
           should
           not
           take
           away
           their
           Pensions
           from
           any
           that
           I
           employed
           ,
           nor
           give
           Pensions
           to
           any
           but
           such
           as
           would
           ,
           being
           able
           ,
           follow
           that
           Work
           I
           had
           to
           give
           them
           ,
           or
           some
           other
           ,
           by
           means
           of
           which
           ,
           and
           the
           Pension
           received
           from
           the
           Parish
           ,
           they
           might
           provide
           for
           themselves
           without
           Begging
           :
           For
           I
           have
           long
           observed
           ,
           that
           a
           great
           many
           of
           those
           Persons
           we
           find
           begging
           up
           and
           down
           the
           Streets
           ,
           are
           such
           as
           do
           receive
           some
           Pension
           from
           the
           Parishes
           where
           they
           live
           ?
           but
           that
           being
           too
           small
           to
           maintain
           them
           ,
           they
           make
           up
           the
           rest
           by
           Begging
           ,
           which
           might
           easily
           be
           prevented
           in
           every
           Parish
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           in
           this
           we
           are
           now
           speaking
           of
           ,
           there
           being
           here
           no
           Person
           that
           had
           a
           Pension
           ,
           and
           was
           able
           to
           work
           ,
           but
           was
           supplied
           therewith
           ,
           and
           with
           these
           together
           ,
           were
           inabled
           to
           make
           good
           Provision
           for
           themselves
           ,
           and
           to
           live
           much
           more
           happily
           than
           before
           :
           And
           if
           at
           any
           time
           any
           of
           these
           Persons
           should
           be
           found
           begging
           in
           the
           Streets
           ,
           the
           Parish
           promised
           to
           take
           away
           their
           Pensions
           ,
           and
           I
           promised
           to
           take
           away
           their
           Work
           ,
           and
           leave
           them
           to
           provide
           for
           themselves
           as
           well
           as
           they
           could
           ,
           which
           must
           be
           by
           begging
           or
           stealing
           ;
           but
           wherever
           they
           begged
           ,
           it
           should
           not
           be
           in
           this
           Parish
           ,
           at
           least
           ,
           not
           with
           any
           good
           Success
           :
           For
           the
           Parish
           having
           called
           over
           all
           their
           poor
           People
           ,
           and
           appointed
           work
           for
           those
           that
           were
           able
           ,
           thought
           it
           convenient
           to
           give
           a
           Badge
           ,
           with
           
           the
           three
           first
           Letters
           of
           the
           Parishes
           name
           upon
           it
           ,
           to
           such
           ,
           and
           only
           such
           as
           they
           found
           uncapable
           of
           any
           Labour
           ;
           by
           means
           of
           which
           ,
           they
           were
           permitted
           to
           go
           into
           the
           Parish
           ,
           if
           they
           were
           able
           ,
           or
           else
           to
           send
           some
           in
           their
           names
           at
           such
           an
           hour
           of
           the
           day
           ,
           to
           receive
           such
           broken
           Bread
           and
           Meat
           as
           their
           Neighbours
           had
           to
           give
           ,
           who
           also
           promised
           to
           give
           it
           unto
           these
           ,
           and
           no
           others
           :
           for
           by
           this
           Badge
           ,
           which
           was
           made
           of
           blew
           and
           yellow
           Bays
           ,
           pinned
           upon
           their
           sleeve
           or
           breast
           ,
           they
           were
           known
           to
           the
           Inhabitants
           to
           be
           those
           very
           persons
           ,
           whom
           the
           Deputy
           ,
           Common-counsel-men
           ,
           and
           Church-wardens
           had
           judged
           fit
           to
           receive
           such
           Charity
           .
           And
           I
           know
           not
           why
           any
           body
           should
           be
           offended
           that
           the
           Parishoners
           should
           invite
           their
           poor
           Neighbours
           once
           a
           day
           to
           come
           to
           their
           houses
           to
           receive
           such
           Bread
           and
           Meat
           as
           they
           were
           willing
           to
           give
           them
           ,
           neither
           would
           I
           have
           these
           poor
           people
           go
           under
           so
           dishonourable
           a
           name
           as
           Beggars
           ,
           but
           to
           be
           lookt
           upon
           as
           invited
           Guests
           .
        
         
           And
           would
           their
           rich
           Neighbours
           now
           and
           then
           invite
           them
           to
           their
           Tables
           ,
           it
           would
           take
           away
           this
           Reproach
           ,
           and
           be
           an
           Obligation
           upon
           their
           Servants
           ,
           to
           take
           care
           that
           what
           they
           gave
           them
           at
           other
           times
           ,
           were
           decently
           set
           by
           for
           them
           ,
           and
           not
           scambled
           up
           and
           down
           as
           in
           some
           places
           I
           have
           seen
           it
           done
           as
           if
           it
           were
           to
           be
           given
           to
           Dogs
           ,
           rather
           than
           Christians
           ;
           this
           were
           indeed
           to
           follow
           the
           Advice
           of
           our
           blessed
           Lord
           and
           Saviour
           ,
           who
           saith
           ,
           Luke
           14.
           13.
           
           
             When
             thou
             makest
             a
             Feast
             ,
             call
             the
             Poor
             ,
             the
             Maimed
             ,
             the
             Lame
             ,
             and
             the
             Blind
             ,
             for
             they
             cannot
             recompence
             thee
             ,
             but
             thou
             shalt
             be
             recompenced
             at
             the
             Resurrection
             of
             the
             Just
             .
          
        
         
           And
           this
           course
           of
           giving
           a
           Badg
           to
           your
           own
           Poor
           Neighbours
           ,
           by
           which
           they
           might
           be
           known
           ,
           and
           resolving
           to
           relieve
           no
           others
           ,
           unless
           there
           were
           not
           enough
           of
           these
           ;
           in
           which
           case
           ,
           some
           from
           other
           Parishes
           might
           be
           allowed
           to
           come
           in
           like
           manner
           ,
           tho
           at
           first
           sight
           it
           may
           seem
           to
           have
           little
           in
           it
           ,
           yet
           if
           duely
           practiced
           would
           be
           found
           of
           very
           great
           moment
           ,
           and
           productive
           of
           many
           goods
           effects
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           it
           is
           impossible
           it
           should
           fail
           ,
           unless
           the
           Parish
           fail
           in
           their
           promise
           .
        
         
         
           For
           first
           of
           all
           ,
           by
           this
           means
           ,
           you
           will
           in
           a
           short
           time
           clear
           your
           Parish
           of
           all
           those
           idle
           Beggars
           that
           daily
           infest
           it
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           trouble
           of
           all
           House-keepers
           ,
           whose
           doors
           are
           seldom
           quiet
           from
           one
           or
           other
           of
           them
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           Disturbance
           of
           the
           whole
           Family
           ,
           it
           being
           in
           some
           places
           almost
           one
           bodies
           work
           to
           give
           them
           answers
           .
        
         
           Then
           this
           will
           tend
           to
           the
           quiet
           of
           all
           Passengers
           that
           shall
           have
           occasion
           to
           go
           through
           your
           Parish
           ,
           who
           are
           wont
           to
           be
           haunted
           with
           those
           evil
           Spirits
           ,
           from
           one
           end
           of
           the
           street
           to
           the
           other
           ;
           and
           if
           by
           accident
           they
           meet
           with
           any
           one
           by
           the
           way
           ,
           with
           whom
           they
           have
           occasion
           to
           speak
           ,
           and
           shall
           make
           the
           least
           halt
           ,
           they
           must
           in
           their
           own
           defence
           ,
           give
           them
           something
           to
           be
           gone
           ,
           or
           else
           they
           will
           hear
           all
           they
           say
           ,
           or
           by
           their
           begging
           ,
           hinder
           them
           from
           saying
           any
           thing
           ;
           this
           is
           a
           thing
           so
           well
           known
           to
           all
           that
           live
           in
           or
           frequent
           the
           City
           ,
           that
           I
           need
           not
           say
           more
           concerning
           it
           .
           Now
           by
           means
           of
           a
           Badge
           ,
           the
           Parish
           will
           know
           whom
           they
           relieve
           ,
           and
           when
           it
           shall
           come
           to
           be
           known
           that
           they
           have
           resolved
           to
           relieve
           at
           their
           doers
           ,
           no
           other
           but
           their
           own
           poor
           Neighbours
           as
           it
           will
           in
           a
           short
           time
           ;
           the
           common
           Beggars
           will
           know
           better
           how
           to
           employ
           their
           time
           ,
           than
           in
           visiting
           such
           places
           ,
           where
           nothing
           is
           to
           be
           got
           .
        
         
           And
           while
           this
           Parish
           of
           Aldersgate
           took
           the
           course
           prescribed
           them
           ,
           I
           my self
           have
           taken
           a
           Friend
           ,
           and
           gone
           through
           the
           chief
           places
           of
           this
           Parish
           ,
           and
           have
           not
           found
           one
           Beggar
           in
           it
           ;
           I
           must
           confess
           ,
           of
           late
           they
           have
           been
           something
           remiss
           in
           the
           Prosecution
           of
           the
           Methods
           agreed
           upon
           ,
           but
           I
           doubt
           not
           they
           will
           fall
           upon
           it
           again
           .
           (
           For
           I
           hear
           ,
           instead
           of
           Badges
           made
           of
           Bays
           ,
           they
           have
           made
           some
           of
           Brass
           ,
           and
           resolve
           to
           give
           the
           poor
           aged
           and
           impotent
           People
           ,
           new-coats
           ,
           all
           made
           of
           gray
           Cloth
           ,
           to
           put
           them
           upon
           ,
           that
           so
           the
           Parish
           may
           the
           better
           know
           their
           own
           poor
           People
           ,
           that
           are
           appointed
           to
           take
           such
           Relief
           as
           they
           have
           to
           give
           at
           their
           doors
           ;
           )
           and
           then
           I
           am
           sure
           ,
           what
           I
           now
           tell
           you
           was
           done
           ,
           will
           be
           done
           again
           .
        
         
           Obj.
           But
           here
           it
           will
           be
           objected
           ,
           That
           some
           Parishes
           are
           so
           full
           of
           poor
           People
           ,
           who
           are
           not
           able
           to
           work
           ,
           that
           they
           
           are
           not
           able
           to
           relieve
           one
           quarter
           of
           them
           in
           this
           kind
           .
        
         
           Answ
           .
           To
           which
           I
           answer
           ,
           That
           there
           are
           several
           Parishes
           and
           some
           Wards
           within
           the
           City
           of
           London
           ,
           which
           have
           very
           few
           or
           no
           poor
           People
           in
           them
           ,
           wherefore
           I
           humbly
           propose
           ,
           that
           by
           the
           Allowance
           of
           the
           Lord
           Mayor
           ,
           &c.
           it
           may
           be
           permitted
           to
           those
           poor
           Parishes
           ,
           to
           send
           daily
           some
           of
           their
           poorest
           People
           for
           Relief
           .
        
         
           As
           for
           Example
           ,
           Suppose
           the
           Parish
           of
           Algate
           which
           is
           very
           full
           of
           poor
           people
           ,
           should
           be
           permitted
           to
           send
           such
           a
           number
           of
           them
           into
           the
           Ward
           of
           Langbourn
           ,
           with
           a
           Badge
           of
           the
           Parish
           ,
           by
           which
           they
           might
           be
           known
           ,
           at
           such
           an
           hour
           of
           the
           day
           ,
           to
           receive
           what
           Bread
           and
           Meat
           they
           had
           to
           give
           ,
           and
           this
           Ward
           desired
           by
           the
           Alderman
           ,
           Deputy
           ,
           or
           Common-counsel-man
           of
           every
           Precinct
           to
           give
           their
           broken
           Victuals
           only
           to
           these
           persons
           :
           this
           in
           a
           short
           time
           would
           have
           the
           like
           Effect
           in
           this
           Ward
           as
           it
           had
           in
           the
           parish
           aforesaid
           ;
           yet
           least
           it
           should
           be
           found
           troublesome
           to
           the
           Ward
           ,
           that
           these
           poor
           people
           should
           be
           ranging
           about
           it
           from
           one
           end
           to
           another
           ,
           it
           might
           with
           ease
           be
           ordered
           ,
           that
           every
           Precinct
           should
           have
           such
           a
           number
           allotted
           ,
           according
           to
           it's
           Bigness
           or
           Smallness
           ,
           to
           receive
           their
           Fragments
           ;
           by
           which
           means
           ,
           the
           Ward
           should
           be
           more
           quiet
           ,
           and
           the
           Streets
           rid
           of
           those
           multitude
           of
           Beggars
           which
           are
           every
           day
           found
           in
           them
           ,
           to
           the
           great
           trouble
           of
           the
           People
           ,
           and
           the
           Dishonour
           of
           the
           Government
           ,
           as
           hath
           been
           said
           .
        
         
           And
           till
           some
           such
           Course
           as
           this
           was
           taken
           ,
           I
           would
           advise
           every
           Family
           that
           have
           broken
           Bread
           and
           Meat
           to
           bestow
           ,
           that
           they
           would
           not
           throw
           it
           away
           upon
           those
           common
           Beggars
           that
           come
           to
           their
           doors
           every
           day
           ,
           who
           many
           times
           are
           too
           fine
           mouthed
           to
           eat
           any
           of
           it
           themselves
           ,
           unless
           a
           choice
           Bit
           now
           and
           then
           ,
           and
           either
           throw
           away
           the
           rest
           ,
           or
           sell
           it
           unto
           others
           ;
           but
           rather
           to
           invite
           two
           or
           three
           poor
           Families
           to
           come
           for
           ir
           at
           such
           times
           as
           you
           should
           apppint
           ,
           which
           would
           be
           a
           great
           Comfort
           to
           them
           .
           This
           is
           the
           way
           which
           I
           have
           taken
           for
           many
           years
           last
           past
           ,
           so
           that
           now
           my
           door
           is
           seldom
           troubled
           by
           common
           Beggars
           on
           this
           account
           .
        
         
           From
           what
           hath
           been
           said
           ,
           I
           suppose
           it
           will
           appear
           very
           
           practicable
           to
           bring
           all
           the
           Parishes
           in
           England
           into
           such
           a
           Method
           ,
           that
           no
           poor
           Body
           should
           want
           Work
           ,
           or
           be
           permitted
           to
           beg
           otherwise
           than
           by
           the
           allowance
           of
           the
           Parish
           ,
           which
           yet
           I
           would
           not
           have
           called
           by
           this
           Term
           :
           For
           what
           hath
           been
           done
           in
           one
           Parish
           ,
           may
           be
           done
           in
           every
           one
           ,
           if
           the
           Circumstances
           are
           the
           same
           .
        
         
           But
           't
           is
           like
           some
           will
           still
           object
           and
           say
           ,
           that
           this
           of
           Aldersgate
           Parish
           ,
           is
           a
           rich
           Parish
           ,
           and
           the
           Poor
           very
           few
           in
           it
           to
           what
           there
           are
           in
           others
           ;
           so
           that
           what
           is
           related
           ,
           may
           with
           greater
           ease
           be
           effected
           here
           ,
           than
           where
           the
           Poor
           are
           more
           numerous
           .
        
         
           Ans
           .
           To
           this
           ,
           I
           say
           ,
           it
           is
           very
           true
           ,
           there
           are
           several
           Rich
           Men
           in
           this
           Parish
           ,
           and
           the
           Poor
           of
           this
           Parish
           ,
           tho'
           many
           ,
           are
           not
           yet
           so
           many
           as
           in
           some
           others
           ;
           yet
           even
           here
           there
           are
           many
           poor
           People
           and
           their
           Children
           that
           do
           spin
           Flax
           and
           Hemp
           ,
           tho'
           they
           are
           not
           all
           Pensioners
           to
           the
           Parish
           ,
           nor
           I
           hope
           ever
           will
           be
           ,
           it
           being
           my
           design
           to
           prevent
           that
           as
           much
           as
           I
           can
           .
           But
           over
           and
           besides
           those
           of
           this
           Parish
           ,
           there
           are
           above
           1500
           more
           out
           of
           other
           Parishes
           in
           and
           about
           the
           City
           of
           London
           ,
           some
           of
           which
           do
           constantly
           follow
           this
           Employment
           ,
           and
           others
           only
           when
           they
           have
           no
           better
           .
           As
           suppose
           a
           poor
           Woman
           that
           goeth
           three
           days
           in
           a
           week
           to
           wash
           or
           Scour
           abroad
           ,
           or
           one
           that
           is
           imploy'd
           in
           Nurse-keeping
           three
           or
           four
           months
           in
           a
           year
           ,
           or
           a
           poor
           Market-woman
           ,
           that
           attends
           three
           or
           four
           Mornings
           in
           a
           Week
           ,
           with
           her
           Basket
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           rest
           of
           the
           time
           these
           folks
           have
           little
           or
           nothing
           else
           to
           do
           ;
           but
           by
           means
           of
           this
           Spinning
           ,
           are
           not
           only
           kept
           within
           doors
           (
           some
           of
           which
           would
           otherwise
           be
           begging
           in
           the
           Streets
           )
           but
           made
           much
           more
           happy
           and
           chearful
           ,
           being
           by
           their
           own
           Labours
           able
           to
           make
           Provision
           for
           themselves
           .
        
         
           And
           were
           the
           Rich
           of
           this
           Parish
           fewer
           than
           they
           be
           ,
           and
           the
           Poor
           many
           more
           than
           they
           are
           ,
           the
           same
           course
           might
           be
           taken
           ,
           and
           would
           prove
           effectual
           to
           the
           Ends
           before
           exprest
           :
           And
           by
           how
           much
           greater
           the
           number
           of
           the
           poor
           People
           are
           ,
           by
           so
           much
           the
           more
           need
           to
           find
           them
           
           Employment
           ,
           it
           being
           much
           more
           easie
           to
           provide
           them
           Work
           ,
           than
           to
           keep
           them
           in
           Idleness
           ;
           and
           much
           more
           for
           their
           advantage
           ,
           to
           be
           put
           into
           a
           way
           to
           get
           their
           own
           Bread
           ,
           than
           to
           give
           it
           them
           for
           nothing
           :
           If
           with
           their
           Pension
           ,
           you
           find
           them
           Employment
           ,
           't
           is
           like
           that
           6
           d.
           will
           go
           further
           ,
           and
           do
           them
           more
           good
           than
           3
           s.
           nothing
           being
           more
           mischievous
           to
           the
           Poor
           ,
           than
           to
           live
           in
           Sloth
           and
           Idleness
           ,
           as
           hath
           been
           said
           .
        
         
           But
           further
           ,
           to
           encourage
           the
           setting
           up
           of
           Schools
           in
           every
           greeat
           Parish
           ,
           for
           the
           Instruction
           of
           young
           Children
           ,
           and
           bringing
           them
           to
           labour
           ;
           and
           also
           for
           providing
           Work
           for
           such
           as
           are
           of
           Age
           ,
           which
           they
           may
           carry
           to
           their
           own
           Habitations
           :
           I
           have
           a
           few
           things
           more
           to
           say
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           By
           means
           hereof
           ,
           you
           will
           prevent
           much
           of
           that
           mischief
           that
           happens
           to
           young
           Children
           ,
           by
           suffering
           them
           to
           wander
           up
           and
           down
           without
           any
           Care
           or
           Government
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           which
           ,
           they
           do
           not
           only
           get
           a
           lazy
           ,
           idle
           Habit
           ,
           which
           yet
           is
           no
           small
           Evil
           ,
           but
           learn
           all
           manner
           of
           Wickedness
           that
           they
           are
           capable
           of
           ,
           as
           Lying
           ,
           Swearing
           ,
           Thieving
           ,
           and
           such
           like
           ,
           which
           by
           sad
           experience
           ,
           we
           find
           many
           times
           they
           retain
           as
           long
           as
           they
           live
           ,
           being
           bred
           in
           the
           Bone
           ,
           will
           hardly
           be
           got
           out
           of
           the
           Flesh
           ,
           it
           being
           almost
           as
           possible
           to
           wash
           the
           Blackamore
           white
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           to
           teach
           them
           to
           do
           well
           ,
           that
           have
           been
           long
           accustomed
           to
           do
           evil
           :
           Whereas
           ,
           if
           due
           Care
           were
           taken
           to
           instruct
           young
           Children
           ,
           and
           to
           put
           them
           into
           a
           good
           Course
           of
           Life
           ,
           before
           Evil
           had
           taken
           hold
           of
           them
           ,
           both
           Labour
           and
           Vertue
           would
           be
           much
           more
           pleasing
           to
           them
           ,
           than
           Idleness
           ,
           Sloth
           and
           Vice.
           
        
         
           Then
           by
           providing
           Work
           for
           such
           of
           your
           poor
           People
           as
           are
           able
           ,
           and
           may
           want
           it
           .
           By
           this
           means
           ,
           you
           shall
           in
           the
           first
           place
           ,
           most
           certainly
           ,
           make
           Provision
           for
           all
           the
           honest
           and
           industrious
           Poor
           in
           your
           Parish
           ,
           who
           will
           ,
           with
           great
           Joy
           and
           Thankfulness
           ,
           be
           employed
           in
           any
           honest
           way
           to
           get
           a
           penny
           ,
           Idleness
           being
           to
           them
           the
           greatest
           Burthen
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           several
           persons
           have
           told
           me
           ,
           they
           have
           taken
           as
           much
           pleasure
           in
           earning
           a
           penny
           ,
           as
           they
           
           have
           in
           useing
           it
           ,
           their
           minds
           being
           all
           that
           time
           quiet
           in
           which
           they
           have
           been
           employed
           ,
           and
           the
           day
           seem'd
           shorter
           ,
           and
           passed
           away
           much
           more
           pleasantly
           than
           otherwise
           it
           would
           have
           done
           ,
           no
           part
           of
           it
           being
           a
           Burthen
           to
           them
           ;
           and
           had
           you
           seen
           as
           I
           have
           done
           many
           a
           time
           ,
           with
           what
           Joy
           and
           Satisfaction
           many
           poor
           people
           have
           brought
           home
           their
           Work
           ,
           and
           received
           their
           Money
           for
           it
           ,
           you
           would
           think
           no
           Charity
           in
           the
           World
           ,
           like
           to
           this
           of
           finding
           them
           Employment
           .
           Do
           not
           think
           that
           all
           the
           poor
           people
           in
           England
           are
           like
           those
           idle
           Vagrants
           you
           find
           up
           and
           down
           the
           streets
           ,
           no
           ,
           there
           are
           many
           thousands
           whose
           Necessities
           are
           very
           great
           ,
           and
           yet
           they
           do
           what
           they
           can
           by
           their
           honest
           Labour
           to
           help
           themselves
           ,
           and
           many
           times
           they
           would
           do
           more
           than
           they
           do
           ;
           but
           for
           want
           of
           Employment
           ,
           several
           that
           I
           have
           now
           working
           to
           me
           ,
           do
           spin
           some
           fourteen
           ,
           and
           some
           sixteen
           hours
           in
           four
           and
           twenty
           ,
           and
           had
           much
           rather
           do
           it
           ,
           than
           be
           idle
           .
        
         
           Here
           ,
           if
           it
           were
           to
           the
           purpose
           ,
           I
           could
           tell
           you
           many
           sad
           stories
           of
           the
           great
           wants
           and
           necessities
           of
           several
           poor
           people
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           been
           an
           Eye-witness
           of
           ,
           that
           would
           melt
           the
           most
           rocky
           heart
           into
           Compassion
           ;
           the
           poorest
           people
           are
           many
           times
           those
           that
           come
           least
           in
           sight
           ,
           who
           fare
           hard
           ,
           and
           work
           hard
           to
           get
           bread
           .
        
         
           Some
           Trades
           are
           grown
           so
           bad
           ,
           and
           several
           Commodities
           fal'n
           so
           low
           in
           their
           price
           ,
           that
           some
           who
           could
           with
           ease
           have
           earned
           2
           s.
           or
           2.
           
             s.
             6.
             d.
          
           in
           a
           day
           ,
           can
           now
           hardly
           earn
           12
           d.
           by
           reason
           of
           which
           you
           have
           men
           run
           away
           from
           their
           Wives
           and
           Children
           ,
           leaving
           them
           to
           the
           Parish
           ;
           and
           sometimes
           ,
           run
           distracted
           ,
           or
           make
           away
           with
           themselves
           ,
           Instances
           of
           all
           which
           cases
           ,
           I
           have
           known
           too
           many
           .
        
         
           To
           whom
           should
           Charity
           be
           extended
           rather
           than
           to
           such
           poor
           people
           ,
           who
           are
           willing
           to
           take
           any
           pains
           for
           their
           Living
           ,
           and
           yet
           are
           wholly
           idle
           many
           times
           ,
           for
           want
           of
           work
           ;
           but
           by
           this
           means
           of
           providing
           work
           for
           all
           persons
           that
           want
           Employment
           ,
           it
           will
           be
           much
           more
           easie
           for
           the
           honest
           and
           laborious
           poor
           to
           find
           Relief
           .
        
         
         
           Secondly
           ,
           By
           this
           means
           you
           will
           leave
           all
           idle
           persons
           so
           much
           without
           Excuse
           ,
           that
           they
           will
           not
           deserve
           your
           pity
           ,
           whatsoever
           their
           Wants
           and
           Necessities
           are
           ,
           they
           must
           thank
           themselves
           ,
           who
           will
           not
           make
           use
           of
           such
           a
           means
           ,
           as
           is
           put
           into
           their
           own
           Power
           ;
           for
           if
           this
           Course
           was
           taken
           in
           all
           Parishes
           to
           imploy
           all
           that
           were
           able
           ,
           and
           did
           want
           work
           ,
           then
           when
           you
           saw
           a
           lusty
           person
           begging
           in
           the
           streets
           ,
           you
           might
           say
           ,
           go
           to
           your
           Parish
           ,
           and
           work
           for
           your
           Living
           :
           but
           unless
           this
           be
           done
           ,
           and
           you
           are
           sure
           that
           this
           person
           may
           have
           Employment
           ,
           to
           bid
           him
           go
           work
           for
           his
           Living
           ,
           is
           no
           better
           than
           to
           say
           to
           a
           Brother
           or
           Sister
           that
           is
           naked
           ,
           and
           destitute
           of
           daily
           Food
           ,
           go
           be
           warmed
           and
           filled
           ,
           but
           give
           them
           not
           those
           things
           that
           are
           needful
           for
           the
           Body
           .
        
         
           I
           pray
           God
           lay
           it
           not
           to
           the
           Charge
           of
           this
           City
           and
           Suburbs
           ,
           that
           so
           little
           Care
           hath
           been
           taken
           in
           this
           respect
           ,
           for
           this
           is
           one
           of
           those
           things
           to
           which
           it
           is
           chiefly
           owing
           ,
           that
           our
           prisons
           are
           so
           full
           of
           Fellons
           and
           Debtors
           ,
           of
           which
           it
           is
           thought
           ,
           no
           Age
           hath
           produced
           the
           like
           ;
           for
           tho
           I
           know
           one
           man
           that
           within
           a
           few
           years
           last
           past
           ,
           with
           the
           Charity
           of
           some
           worthy
           persons
           hath
           delivered
           many
           hundred
           poor
           people
           out
           of
           Prison
           ,
           that
           lay
           there
           either
           for
           their
           Fees
           or
           very
           small
           Debts
           ;
           and
           I
           have
           reason
           to
           believe
           that
           many
           more
           hath
           been
           delivered
           by
           others
           ,
           yet
           let
           any
           one
           but
           go
           to
           the
           Marshalsey
           ,
           or
           the
           prison
           of
           
             White
             Chappel
          
           ,
           or
           to
           the
           two
           Compters
           of
           London
           ,
           and
           he
           shall
           find
           them
           very
           full
           of
           Prisoners
           at
           this
           time
           .
        
         
           It
           was
           hoped
           that
           the
           City
           of
           London
           would
           have
           provided
           a
           Stock
           ,
           and
           appointed
           a
           place
           to
           which
           poor
           persons
           might
           have
           brought
           their
           Pawns
           ,
           and
           have
           been
           supplyed
           with
           Money
           upon
           any
           Extremity
           ,
           which
           would
           have
           been
           no
           loss
           to
           the
           City
           ,
           and
           much
           to
           the
           Advantage
           of
           the
           poor
           ,
           who
           now
           are
           fain
           to
           go
           to
           such
           Brokers
           as
           will
           not
           lend
           twenty
           Shillings
           a
           Week
           under
           six
           pence
           ,
           which
           comes
           to
           26
           s.
           a
           year
           ,
           by
           which
           Trade
           they
           make
           above
           two
           of
           one
           in
           a
           years
           time
           ,
           to
           the
           Ruine
           of
           many
           poor
           people
           ;
           neither
           is
           this
           the
           worst
           of
           it
           ,
           but
           for
           every
           20
           Shillings
           they
           borrow
           ,
           they
           must
           leave
           many
           times
           ,
           above
           40.
           s.
           worth
           of
           
           Goods
           ,
           which
           they
           must
           fetch
           away
           in
           such
           a
           time
           ,
           which
           being
           never
           so
           little
           elapsed
           ,
           the
           Goods
           are
           no
           more
           to
           be
           heard
           of
           .
        
         
           Neither
           are
           many
           of
           our
           Tally-men
           much
           better
           ,
           who
           trust
           poor
           Persons
           with
           twenty
           shillings
           worth
           of
           Goods
           ,
           or
           rather
           with
           twelve
           or
           fourteen
           shillings
           worth
           ,
           instead
           of
           twenty
           ,
           to
           pay
           them
           by
           6
           d.
           or
           12
           d.
           a
           week
           ,
           wherein
           ,
           if
           they
           fail
           to
           pay
           ,
           they
           hurry
           them
           into
           a
           Prison
           ,
           with
           great
           Charge
           for
           Arrests
           and
           Proceedings
           at
           Law
           ,
           which
           many
           times
           exceed
           the
           first
           Debt
           (
           which
           we
           hope
           will
           be
           in
           a
           great
           measure
           prevented
           ,
           by
           setting
           up
           a
           Court
           of
           Conscience
           in
           the
           City
           of
           Westminster
           ,
           and
           Borough
           of
           Southwark
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           at
           present
           in
           the
           City
           of
           London
           )
           at
           which
           Prison
           ,
           they
           are
           sure
           to
           lie
           ,
           till
           Charity
           comes
           thither
           for
           the
           Release
           of
           poor
           Prisoners
           ,
           which
           they
           very
           well
           know
           will
           come
           at
           ceatain
           times
           of
           the
           Year
           ;
           and
           then
           ,
           if
           you
           meet
           with
           a
           kind
           Jaylor
           ,
           or
           a
           Creditor
           of
           any
           Compassion
           ,
           't
           is
           like
           you
           may
           get
           out
           your
           Prisoner
           with
           some
           small
           Abatement
           ,
           otherwise
           not
           ;
           so
           that
           in
           effect
           ,
           most
           of
           those
           Moneys
           that
           are
           carried
           to
           Prisons
           ,
           run
           either
           into
           the
           Bailiffs
           ,
           or
           the
           Jaylors
           ,
           or
           into
           the
           Pawn-brokers
           ,
           or
           Tally-mens
           Pockets
           .
        
         
           This
           I
           instance
           ,
           not
           to
           hinder
           people
           from
           delivering
           persons
           out
           of
           Prison
           (
           I
           wish
           there
           were
           many
           more
           so
           well
           minded
           )
           but
           to
           provoke
           them
           to
           do
           all
           they
           can
           to
           keep
           them
           from
           coming
           thither
           :
           It
           being
           twice
           as
           great
           an
           Act
           of
           Charity
           ,
           and
           much
           more
           for
           the
           benefit
           of
           any
           person
           ,
           to
           keep
           him
           from
           falling
           and
           breaking
           his
           Head
           ,
           than
           to
           take
           him
           up
           and
           give
           him
           a
           Plaister
           :
           So
           to
           keep
           a
           poor
           man
           from
           going
           to
           Prison
           ,
           is
           much
           greater
           Charity
           than
           to
           help
           him
           out
           ;
           and
           I
           heartily
           wish
           ,
           that
           this
           sort
           of
           Charity
           were
           more
           in
           practice
           ,
           both
           here
           and
           in
           other
           Countreys
           ,
           where
           they
           tell
           you
           of
           prodigious
           Numbers
           that
           are
           every
           Year
           brought
           to
           their
           Hospitals
           and
           Charitable
           Houses
           ,
           when
           it
           is
           much
           to
           be
           feared
           ,
           little
           Care
           is
           taken
           to
           prevent
           that
           Poverty
           ,
           Misery
           and
           Necessity
           that
           falls
           upon
           them
           ;
           but
           is
           rather
           occasioned
           from
           the
           badness
           of
           some
           Laws
           ,
           or
           from
           the
           want
           of
           good
           ones
           .
        
         
         
           Methinks
           it
           were
           greatly
           to
           be
           wished
           ,
           that
           care
           were
           taken
           to
           provide
           work
           for
           all
           our
           poor
           Debtors
           and
           Felons
           ,
           that
           being
           cast
           into
           Prison
           ,
           could
           not
           there
           keep
           themselves
           without
           the
           Charity
           of
           such
           places
           .
           Nay
           ,
           for
           our
           Felons
           ,
           I
           see
           no
           reason
           but
           they
           should
           be
           made
           to
           labour
           ,
           though
           they
           could
           otherwise
           provide
           for
           themselves
           :
           This
           would
           be
           a
           good
           means
           to
           prevent
           much
           of
           that
           Wickedness
           which
           is
           practiced
           in
           those
           places
           .
        
         
           It
           seems
           to
           me
           very
           unreasonable
           ,
           that
           Prisons
           should
           be
           places
           of
           pleasure
           ,
           delight
           and
           choice
           ;
           yet
           some
           such
           there
           are
           ,
           into
           which
           ,
           several
           persons
           of
           good
           Estates
           ,
           but
           very
           bad
           Consciences
           ,
           remove
           themselves
           on
           purpose
           to
           cheat
           their
           Creditors
           ,
           and
           to
           spend
           their
           own
           ,
           and
           other
           mens
           Moneys
           in
           Sloth
           and
           Luxury
           ,
           whilst
           their
           poor
           Creditors
           are
           fain
           to
           fare
           hardly
           ,
           and
           many
           times
           to
           live
           in
           Sorrow
           and
           Want.
           As
           these
           therefore
           should
           be
           wholly
           supprest
           on
           the
           one
           hand
           ,
           so
           also
           those
           little
           Prisons
           about
           the
           Town
           ,
           which
           in
           some
           respects
           I
           may
           call
           little
           ,
           because
           the
           Houses
           are
           not
           big
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           which
           ,
           20
           or
           30
           shall
           be
           cast
           into
           one
           room
           ,
           and
           that
           none
           of
           the
           bigest
           ,
           and
           also
           because
           the
           Actions
           are
           not
           great
           for
           which
           persons
           are
           sent
           thither
           ,
           tho'
           it
           may
           be
           ,
           some
           of
           them
           have
           more
           Commitments
           and
           Discharges
           in
           a
           Year
           ,
           than
           Newgate
           it self
           .
           Into
           some
           of
           these
           Prisons
           I
           have
           known
           several
           persons
           cast
           for
           a
           debt
           often
           Groats
           ,
           and
           sometimes
           for
           less
           ,
           where
           ,
           if
           the
           person
           continue
           but
           a
           Night
           ,
           his
           Fees
           shall
           be
           13
           
             s.
             6
             d.
          
           to
           the
           Keeper
           and
           his
           company
           ,
           besides
           1
           
             s.
             6
             d.
          
           Garnish-money
           ,
           3
           s.
           for
           the
           Writ
           ,
           and
           5
           s.
           for
           the
           Arrest
           ,
           with
           some
           other
           Charges
           .
           It
           it
           is
           not
           very
           long
           since
           I
           had
           one
           of
           these
           Jaylors
           before
           the
           Judges
           ,
           for
           taking
           unlawful
           Fees
           ,
           and
           other
           Exorbitant
           Practices
           ;
           but
           before
           any
           thing
           was
           determined
           in
           the
           Matter
           ,
           the
           person
           made
           a
           Rope
           ,
           and
           hanged
           himself
           .
           It
           is
           a
           most
           lamentable
           thing
           ,
           that
           these
           little
           Prisons
           are
           not
           supprest
           ,
           or
           at
           least
           regulated
           ,
           and
           a
           Table
           of
           Fees
           set
           up
           ,
           both
           in
           them
           ,
           and
           all
           the
           Prisons
           of
           England
           ,
           that
           so
           all
           the
           poor
           people
           may
           know
           what
           they
           have
           to
           pay
           ,
           and
           not
           be
           left
           to
           the
           mercy
           of
           a
           cruel
           Jaylor
           ,
           who
           rather
           than
           he
           will
           abate
           any
           thing
           of
           
           his
           Demands
           ,
           will
           keep
           a
           poor
           Wretch
           in
           Prison
           till
           he
           is
           almost
           starved
           there
           ,
           and
           his
           Wife
           and
           Children
           quite
           starved
           at
           home
           .
           I
           do
           not
           lay
           this
           Charge
           against
           them
           all
           ,
           some
           I
           have
           known
           to
           be
           more
           compassionate
           ,
           yet
           such
           I
           have
           known
           also
           ,
           that
           upon
           the
           least
           Displeasure
           taken
           against
           a
           poor
           Prisoner
           ,
           have
           threatned
           to
           make
           Dice
           of
           his
           Bones
           ,
           before
           he
           would
           abate
           him
           a
           penny
           ,
           and
           no
           doubt
           he
           would
           have
           been
           as
           good
           as
           his
           word
           .
           'T
           is
           in
           these
           places
           that
           they
           eat
           up
           the
           poor
           of
           the
           Land
           ,
           as
           a
           man
           would
           eat
           Bread
           ;
           neither
           are
           the
           Jaylers
           themselves
           sometimes
           more
           cruel
           ,
           than
           the
           poor
           people
           are
           one
           unto
           another
           ,
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           greatly
           wondred
           to
           see
           how
           violently
           they
           will
           prosecute
           one
           another
           ,
           it
           being
           most
           certainly
           true
           ,
           which
           Solomon
           hath
           observed
           ,
           
             That
             when
             the
             Poor
             oppresseth
             the
             Poor
             ,
             it
             is
             like
             a
             sweeping
             Rain
             ,
             that
             leaveth
             nothing
             behind
             it
          
           ;
           much
           of
           which
           Cruelty
           also
           would
           be
           prevented
           by
           setting
           up
           a
           Court
           of
           Conscience
           in
           the
           out-parts
           of
           this
           City
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           already
           in
           London
           ,
           to
           which
           all
           persons
           should
           apply
           themselves
           for
           any
           Debt
           under
           40
           s.
           with
           very
           little
           Charge
           to
           themselves
           ;
           by
           reason
           of
           which
           ,
           the
           Creditor
           would
           be
           much
           more
           like
           to
           get
           his
           Debt
           ,
           and
           the
           Debtor
           better
           able
           to
           pay
           him
           ,
           than
           when
           five
           times
           the
           value
           of
           the
           Debt
           shall
           be
           run
           out
           in
           Charges
           of
           a
           Suit
           ,
           as
           many
           times
           I
           have
           known
           it
           ,
           to
           the
           utter
           ruine
           of
           the
           Debtor
           ,
           and
           loss
           of
           the
           Creditor's
           Money
           .
        
         
           And
           as
           for
           those
           Night-walkers
           ,
           and
           other
           idle
           and
           vitious
           persons
           ,
           that
           are
           sent
           to
           Bridewel
           ,
           and
           other
           Houses
           of
           Correction
           ,
           it
           would
           be
           of
           great
           use
           ,
           that
           there
           were
           some
           Law
           to
           confine
           them
           to
           such
           places
           for
           a
           certain
           time
           ,
           according
           to
           the
           nature
           of
           their
           Offences
           ,
           where
           they
           might
           be
           taught
           to
           work
           ,
           and
           made
           able
           to
           get
           their
           own
           Livings
           ,
           both
           while
           they
           were
           there
           ,
           and
           when
           they
           came
           out
           ,
           as
           it
           is
           in
           Holland
           and
           other
           places
           ;
           whereas
           ,
           for
           want
           of
           such
           a
           Law
           ,
           these
           kind
           of
           people
           are
           no
           sooner
           put
           into
           prison
           ,
           but
           they
           are
           bailed
           out
           again
           ,
           and
           if
           they
           do
           receive
           the
           Correction
           of
           the
           house
           before
           they
           are
           discharged
           ,
           it
           signifies
           very
           little
           ,
           neither
           can
           it
           reasonably
           be
           thought
           ,
           but
           that
           they
           will
           follow
           their
           old
           Trade
           again
           ,
           for
           want
           of
           a
           better
           ;
           whereas
           't
           is
           very
           probable
           ,
           if
           they
           were
           taught
           a
           more
           honest
           
           way
           to
           get
           a
           Living
           ,
           they
           might
           leave
           off
           that
           wicked
           course
           of
           Life
           ,
           which
           they
           had
           followed
           ,
           and
           betake
           themselves
           to
           that
           Employment
           they
           had
           learnt
           in
           Prison
           ,
           or
           if
           they
           did
           not
           ,
           if
           ever
           they
           came
           in
           again
           ,
           it
           might
           be
           for
           a
           much
           longer
           time
           ,
           which
           would
           make
           them
           at
           Leisure
           to
           repent
           their
           Folly
           ,
           and
           careful
           to
           avoid
           the
           like
           again
           ,
           especially
           ,
           if
           they
           were
           suffered
           to
           eat
           no
           more
           than
           they
           earned
           ,
           and
           to
           do
           as
           much
           work
           for
           2
           d.
           in
           the
           Prison
           ,
           as
           they
           might
           have
           three
           pence
           for
           if
           they
           were
           out
           ,
           which
           would
           also
           help
           to
           bear
           the
           Charge
           of
           such
           places
           ,
           which
           as
           I
           am
           informed
           ,
           is
           the
           way
           taken
           beyond
           Sea
           ,
           with
           great
           Advantage
           to
           the
           persons
           themselves
           ,
           who
           are
           hereby
           brought
           to
           Sobriety
           ,
           and
           also
           to
           such
           Houses
           .
           I
           have
           heard
           the
           worthy
           President
           and
           some
           of
           the
           Governours
           of
           Bridewel
           ,
           complain
           of
           the
           want
           of
           such
           a
           Law
           ,
           having
           observed
           ,
           that
           of
           the
           vast
           numbers
           that
           have
           been
           sent
           thither
           ,
           of
           which
           many
           have
           been
           corrected
           ,
           yet
           few
           in
           comparison
           ,
           have
           been
           amended
           ,
           but
           as
           they
           have
           been
           soon
           discharged
           the
           House
           ,
           so
           they
           have
           soon
           been
           brought
           thither
           again
           ,
           without
           any
           Alteration
           ,
           except
           for
           the
           worse
           .
           And
           how
           indeed
           can
           it
           otherwise
           be
           expected
           ,
           these
           people
           having
           been
           brought
           up
           to
           nothing
           of
           Labour
           when
           they
           were
           at
           Liberty
           ,
           nor
           taught
           nothing
           when
           they
           were
           under
           Confinement
           ,
           by
           which
           they
           might
           provide
           for
           themselves
           ,
           will
           do
           it
           either
           by
           the
           old
           way
           they
           formerly
           took
           ,
           or
           some
           other
           as
           bad
           ,
           rather
           than
           starve
           .
        
         
           I
           humbly
           propose
           therefore
           ,
           that
           the
           Women
           and
           young
           people
           might
           be
           taught
           to
           spin
           well
           upon
           the
           double
           Wheel
           ,
           or
           to
           weave
           Lace
           ,
           or
           the
           like
           ,
           and
           that
           the
           men
           might
           be
           taught
           to
           beat
           Hemp
           ,
           dress
           Flax
           ,
           or
           comb
           Wool
           ,
           or
           else
           to
           weave
           Linnen-cloth
           ,
           &c.
           and
           to
           be
           taught
           these
           so
           well
           ,
           that
           they
           might
           find
           Employment
           in
           some
           of
           these
           ways
           ,
           when
           they
           came
           out
           of
           Prison
           ,
           which
           't
           is
           like
           ,
           many
           would
           rather
           take
           unto
           ,
           than
           run
           the
           hazzard
           of
           such
           another
           Confinement
           ,
           or
           by
           taking
           such
           a
           Course
           as
           would
           bring
           them
           to
           the
           Gallows
           .
           I
           my self
           have
           found
           some
           people
           very
           hardly
           ,
           brought
           to
           any
           Employment
           at
           first
           ,
           that
           by
           fair
           means
           have
           fal'n
           to
           it
           ,
           and
           the
           lazy
           Habit
           being
           got
           off
           ,
           have
           been
           more
           
           pleased
           with
           it
           than
           to
           live
           in
           Idleness
           ,
           and
           have
           so
           continued
           for
           some
           years
           .
           When
           this
           is
           effected
           ,
           the
           person
           is
           in
           a
           manner
           out
           of
           danger
           :
           For
           I
           dare
           say
           ,
           there
           hath
           been
           more
           lost
           through
           Idleness
           ,
           than
           any
           other
           Vice
           whatsoever
           ;
           when
           people
           have
           no
           Work
           to
           do
           ,
           or
           Employment
           to
           follow
           ,
           their
           first
           Attempt
           is
           to
           run
           into
           Debt
           of
           such
           as
           will
           be
           so
           mad
           to
           trust
           them
           ,
           which
           not
           being
           able
           to
           pay
           ,
           they
           are
           run
           into
           Prison
           ,
           from
           whence
           ,
           if
           they
           get
           out
           by
           the
           Charity
           of
           others
           ,
           their
           next
           Trade
           is
           Begging
           ,
           or
           it
           may
           be
           Stealing
           ,
           for
           which
           they
           come
           to
           be
           hanged
           .
        
         
           I
           therefore
           would
           advise
           all
           persons
           who
           are
           so
           charitable
           as
           to
           release
           poor
           persons
           out
           of
           Prison
           ,
           to
           take
           especial
           care
           of
           those
           who
           have
           a
           Trade
           to
           follow
           ,
           and
           a
           House
           to
           go
           unto
           when
           they
           went
           out
           ;
           otherwise
           't
           is
           very
           like
           the
           Person
           is
           better
           where
           he
           is
           ,
           and
           in
           less
           danger
           of
           doing
           Mischief
           ,
           either
           to
           himself
           or
           others
           :
           For
           ,
           for
           want
           of
           these
           ,
           the
           person
           being
           out
           ,
           of
           Prison
           ,
           must
           either
           fall
           to
           begging
           ,
           or
           that
           which
           is
           still
           worse
           ,
           stealing
           ,
           or
           cutting
           of
           Purses
           ;
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           I
           have
           sometimes
           known
           ,
           and
           heard
           often
           of
           persons
           that
           have
           been
           taken
           out
           of
           one
           Prison
           for
           Debt
           ,
           and
           in
           a
           short
           time
           thrown
           into
           another
           for
           Felony
           .
           But
           that
           I
           may
           return
           to
           the
           Business
           I
           was
           upon
           ,
           to
           encourage
           the
           providing
           of
           work
           for
           the
           Poor
           ,
           by
           means
           of
           which
           they
           may
           be
           better
           able
           to
           provide
           Necessaries
           for
           themselves
           .
        
         
           By
           so
           doing
           ,
           all
           that
           have
           any
           Bowels
           of
           Compassion
           ,
           will
           find
           themselves
           greatly
           eased
           in
           their
           minds
           ,
           and
           their
           Enjoyments
           of
           the
           good
           things
           of
           this
           World
           ,
           more
           sweet
           and
           pleasant
           to
           them
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           not
           imbittered
           with
           the
           sad
           thoughts
           of
           the
           Wants
           and
           Necessities
           of
           their
           poor
           Neighbours
           ,
           who
           otherwise
           will
           have
           no
           way
           to
           relieve
           themselves
           ,
           but
           wretched
           Begging
           ,
           or
           wicked
           Stealing
           .
        
         
           Besides
           that
           ,
           they
           will
           be
           more
           secure
           in
           the
           Enjoyment
           of
           their
           Goods
           ,
           by
           how
           much
           there
           will
           be
           fewer
           persons
           that
           will
           have
           the
           temptation
           of
           extreme
           want
           to
           make
           them
           steal
           ,
           and
           be
           injurious
           unto
           others
           in
           their
           Possessions
           .
        
         
           And
           lastly
           ,
           to
           leave
           many
           things
           unsaid
           ,
           all
           good
           Christians
           ,
           who
           are
           serious
           in
           the
           Profession
           of
           Religion
           ,
           and
           hope
           
           of
           Eternal
           Life
           ,
           must
           needs
           rejoyce
           to
           have
           a
           hand
           in
           such
           a
           work
           as
           this
           ;
           because
           nothing
           can
           more
           confirm
           our
           hope
           of
           having
           our
           portion
           among
           those
           to
           whom
           our
           Lord
           Jesus
           will
           at
           the
           great
           day
           of
           Accounts
           say
           ,
           
             Come
             ye
             Blessed
             of
             my
             Father
             ,
          
           &c.
           then
           this
           ,
           that
           we
           have
           relieved
           the
           hungry
           ,
           thirsty
           ,
           naked
           and
           imprisoned
           ,
           or
           have
           been
           a
           means
           to
           preserve
           those
           that
           otherwise
           would
           have
           fallen
           into
           those
           Miseries
           and
           Calamities
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
           POSTSCRIPT
           .
        
         
           THus
           Sir
           ,
           in
           compliance
           with
           your
           desire
           ,
           and
           the
           desires
           of
           several
           other
           Friends
           ,
           I
           have
           exposed
           my
           private
           thoughts
           to
           publick
           View
           and
           Censure
           ,
           not
           doubting
           ,
           but
           all
           well-minded
           and
           ingenuous
           persons
           will
           accept
           of
           my
           good
           will
           ,
           tho
           they
           may
           not
           be
           satisfied
           with
           my
           reasons
           ,
           nor
           yet
           in
           the
           management
           of
           the
           Vndertaking
           ,
           which
           now
           for
           full
           five
           years
           hath
           been
           carried
           on
           with
           some
           difficulty
           ,
           and
           very
           great
           pains
           ,
           as
           any
           one
           must
           imagine
           .
        
         
           This
           I
           am
           sure
           is
           the
           worst
           that
           can
           be
           said
           of
           it
           ,
           That
           it
           hath
           not
           yet
           been
           brought
           to
           bear
           its
           own
           Charges
           .
           The
           reason
           of
           which
           ,
           I
           have
           already
           given
           in
           part
           :
           however
           this
           doth
           greatly
           satisfie
           me
           ,
           that
           every
           penny
           that
           hath
           been
           lost
           by
           it
           ,
           either
           by
           my self
           ,
           or
           those
           friends
           that
           have
           helpt
           to
           bear
           it
           ,
           hath
           been
           many
           times
           gained
           to
           the
           Poor
           ,
           and
           to
           the
           Publick
           ;
           neither
           hath
           the
           loss
           been
           so
           great
           ,
           as
           to
           afright
           any
           man
           that
           is
           able
           and
           hath
           a
           good
           mind
           ,
           from
           undertaking
           the
           like
           :
           For
           in
           above
           4000
           l.
           laid
           out
           the
           last
           year
           ,
           in
           the
           management
           of
           the
           whole
           Affair
           ,
           reckoning
           House-rent
           ,
           Servants
           Wages
           ,
           loss
           by
           Learners
           ,
           with
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Money
           employed
           in
           the
           Concern
           ,
           there
           was
           not
           above
           200
           l.
           lost
           ,
           one
           chief
           reason
           of
           which
           I
           must
           attribute
           to
           the
           kindness
           of
           several
           persons
           that
           took
           off
           some
           of
           the
           Commodities
           I
           made
           at
           the
           price
           they
           cost
           me
           ;
           and
           in
           particular
           ,
           to
           the
           
             East
             India
          
           and
           Guinnea
           Company
           ,
           who
           gave
           me
           encouragement
           to
           make
           their
           Allabas
           Cloths
           and
           course
           Canvas
           for
           their
           Pepper-Baggs
           ,
           which
           in
           former
           times
           they
           use
           to
           have
           from
           other
           Countreys
           .
        
         
           'T
           is
           most
           certain
           ,
           that
           unless
           a
           higher
           Impost
           be
           laid
           upon
           foreign
           Linnen
           ,
           it
           will
           not
           be
           possible
           for
           us
           at
           present
           ,
           to
           make
           it
           so
           
           cheap
           as
           it
           is
           brought
           over
           ,
           for
           our
           poor
           people
           will
           neither
           work
           so
           hard
           ,
           nor
           can
           live
           so
           cheap
           as
           generally
           the
           poor
           people
           of
           other
           places
           do
           ;
           therefore
           we
           must
           be
           content
           to
           lose
           something
           in
           this
           way
           ,
           or
           find
           some
           other
           to
           employ
           our
           poor
           people
           in
           ,
           for
           employed
           they
           must
           be
           ,
           as
           we
           tender
           the
           good
           of
           their
           Souls
           or
           Bodies
           ;
           and
           I
           am
           of
           Opinion
           ,
           notwithstanding
           all
           that
           I
           have
           yet
           heard
           or
           read
           to
           the
           contrary
           ,
           that
           the
           setting
           up
           the
           Linnen
           Manufacture
           would
           many
           ways
           be
           of
           great
           Advantage
           to
           this
           Nation
           ,
           although
           to
           provide
           against
           the
           worst
           ,
           I
           have
           made
           a
           good
           Progress
           in
           the
           Woollen
           Manufacture
           also
           ,
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           had
           not
           the
           price
           of
           Wool
           so
           greatly
           advanced
           of
           late
           ,
           I
           doubt
           not
           but
           by
           this
           time
           to
           have
           made
           one
           of
           one
           ;
           but
           of
           this
           I
           shall
           give
           no
           further
           account
           at
           present
           .
        
         
           All
           that
           I
           have
           more
           to
           say
           ,
           is
           to
           request
           such
           persons
           as
           have
           any
           Kindness
           for
           my
           Vndertaking
           ,
           to
           assist
           me
           therein
           ,
           by
           taking
           off
           my
           hands
           some
           of
           the
           Cloth
           the
           poor
           people
           shall
           make
           ,
           at
           the
           Price
           it
           stands
           me
           in
           ,
           tho
           it
           be
           a
           little
           dearer
           than
           they
           might
           have
           Cloth
           elsewere
           ;
           I
           have
           met
           with
           some
           persons
           so
           charitable
           ,
           that
           not
           having
           occasion
           for
           any
           for
           their
           own
           Vse
           ,
           have
           bought
           good
           quantities
           to
           give
           away
           to
           the
           poor
           ,
           who
           have
           been
           as
           thankful
           for
           it
           as
           for
           Money
           ,
           there
           being
           many
           thousands
           that
           have
           not
           above
           one
           Shirt
           to
           their
           Backs
           ,
           and
           many
           that
           have
           none
           ,
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           within
           less
           than
           two
           years
           ,
           I
           have
           given
           away
           to
           Men
           ,
           Women
           ,
           and
           Children
           ,
           above
           3000
           ,
           whose
           Bodies
           have
           been
           greatly
           refreshed
           by
           them
           ;
           and
           I
           doubt
           not
           but
           many
           of
           them
           have
           blest
           God
           for
           them
           ,
           and
           pray'd
           for
           their
           Benefactors
           .
        
         
           I
           have
           heard
           many
           people
           say
           ,
           they
           would
           be
           ready
           to
           help
           such
           as
           are
           industrious
           :
           here
           are
           Objects
           to
           their
           own
           Hearts
           desire
           ,
           that
           do
           all
           they
           can
           ,
           but
           cannot
           do
           enough
           to
           keep
           themselves
           from
           want
           ,
           insomuch
           ,
           that
           had
           I
           not
           been
           inabled
           to
           give
           many
           of
           them
           money
           as
           well
           as
           work
           ,
           when
           either
           they
           or
           their
           Children
           have
           fal'n
           sick
           ,
           they
           might
           have
           perished
           through
           Want.
           
        
         
           If
           any
           one
           shall
           desire
           thus
           to
           shew
           their
           Charity
           to
           the
           poor
           ,
           either
           by
           buying
           the
           Cloth
           they
           make
           ,
           or
           otherwise
           ,
           what
           they
           shall
           freely
           contribute
           to
           their
           Help
           and
           Relief
           ,
           shall
           be
           faithfully
           given
           to
           them
           by
           theirs
           ,
           and
           the
           Poor's
           Servant
           ,
        
         
           
             Tho.
             Firmin
             .
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
  

