







 
   
     
       
         Essays of the strange subtilty great efficacy determinate nature of effluviums. To which are annext New experiments to make fire and flame ponderable. : Together with A discovery of the perviousness of glass. : Also An essay, about the origine and virtue of gems. / By the Honourable Robert Boyle ... ; To which is added The prodromus to a dissertation concerning solids naturally contained within solids giving an account of the Earth, and its productions. By Nicholas Steno. ; Englished by H.O.
         Essays of the strange subtilty, determinate nature, great efficacy of effluviums
         Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691.
      
       
         
           1673
        
      
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             Essays of the strange subtilty great efficacy determinate nature of effluviums. To which are annext New experiments to make fire and flame ponderable. : Together with A discovery of the perviousness of glass. : Also An essay, about the origine and virtue of gems. / By the Honourable Robert Boyle ... ; To which is added The prodromus to a dissertation concerning solids naturally contained within solids giving an account of the Earth, and its productions. By Nicholas Steno. ; Englished by H.O.
             Essays of the strange subtilty, determinate nature, great efficacy of effluviums
             Boyle, Robert, 1627-1691.
          
           [8], 69, [3], 47, [1], 74, [10], 54, [4], 57-85, [23], 185 [i.e. 184] + p.
           
             Printed by W.G. for M. Pitt, at the Angel near the little North Door of St Paul's Church.,
             London, :
             1673.
          
           
             Numerous pagination errors (p. 98-111 and p. 181).
             Imperfect: Lacks The prodromus to a dissertation concerning solids naturally contained within solids.
             Reproduction of originals in the Bodleian Library and the Harvard University Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Chemistry -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           ESSAYS
           
             Of
             the
          
           STRANGE
           SUBTILTY
           GREAT
           EFFICACY
           DETERMINATE
           NATURE
           OF
           EFFLUVIUMS
           .
        
         
           To
           which
           are
           annext
           
             NEW
             EXPERIMENTS
          
           To
           make
           FIRE
           and
           FLAME
           Ponderable
           :
           
             Together
             with
          
           A
           Discovery
           of
           the
           Perviousness
           of
           GLASS
           .
        
         
           BY
           
             The
             Honorable
          
           ROBERT
           BOYLE
           ,
           
             Fellow
             of
             the
          
           Royal
           Society
           .
        
         
           —
           Consilium
           est
           ,
           universum
           opus
           Instaurationis
           (
           Philosophiae
           )
           potius
           promovere
           in
           multis
           ,
           quàm
           perficere
           in
           paucis
           .
        
         
           Verulamius
           .
        
         
           LONDON
           :
           Printed
           by
           
             W.
             G.
          
           for
           
             M.
             Pitt
          
           ,
           near
           the
           little
           North
           Door
           of
           St
           Paul's
           Church
           .
           1673.
           
        
      
       
         
         
         
           An
           Advertisement
           to
           the
           READER
           .
        
         
           '
           T
           IS
           hop'd
           ,
           the
           Reader
           will
           not
           think
           it
           strange
           ,
           not
           to
           meet
           with
           in
           the
           following
           Papers
           a
           more
           close
           and
           uniform
           contexture
           of
           the
           passages
           that
           make
           them
           up
           ,
           if
           he
           be
           seasonably
           inform'd
           of
           the
           rise
           and
           occasion
           of
           penning
           them
           ,
           which
           was
           this
           .
           The
           Author
           having
           many
           years
           ago
           written
           an
           Essay
           about
           an
           Experiment
           he
           made
           of
           Nitre
           ,
           by
           whose
           Phaenomena
           he
           endeavour'd
           to
           exemplifie
           some
           parts
           of
           the
           Corpuscular
           Philosophy
           ,
           especially
           the
           Production
           of
           Qualities
           ;
           he
           afterwards
           threw
           together
           divers
           occurring
           thoughts
           and
           experiments
           ,
           which
           he
           suppos'd
           might
           be
           imployed
           by
           way
           of
           Notes
           ,
           to
           prove
           or
           illustrate
           those
           Doctrines
           ,
           and
           especially
           those
           that
           concern'd
           the
           Qualities
           of
           Bodies
           ;
           and
           among
           these
           
           observing
           those
           that
           are
           call'd
           Occult
           ,
           to
           be
           Subjects
           uncultivated
           enough
           ,
           (
           at
           least
           in
           the
           way
           that
           seem'd
           to
           him
           proper
           ,
           )
           he
           propos'd
           to
           handle
           them
           more
           largely
           than
           most
           of
           the
           rest
           ;
           and
           in
           order
           to
           that
           Design
           he
           judg'd
           it
           almost
           necessary
           ,
           to
           premise
           some
           Considerations
           and
           experimental
           Collections
           about
           the
           Nature
           and
           power
           of
           Effluviums
           ,
           about
           the
           Pores
           of
           Bodies
           and
           Figures
           of
           Corpuscles
           ,
           and
           about
           the
           efficacy
           of
           such
           Local-motions
           as
           are
           wont
           either
           to
           be
           judged
           very
           faint
           ,
           or
           to
           be
           pass'd
           by
           unheeded
           .
           For
           he
           had
           often
           look'd
           upon
           these
           three
           Doctrines
           ,
           of
           Effluvia
           ,
           of
           Pores
           and
           Figures
           ,
           and
           of
           
             Unheeded
             Motions
          
           ,
           as
           the
           three
           principal
           Keys
           to
           the
           Philosophy
           of
           Occult
           Qualities
           .
           But
           having
           hereupon
           made
           such
           Collections
           ,
           as
           upon
           review
           appear'd
           too
           large
           to
           pass
           for
           Notes
           on
           so
           short
           a
           Text
           ,
           he
           was
           induc'd
           to
           draw
           them
           into
           the
           form
           (
           they
           now
           appear
           in
           )
           of
           Essays
           ;
           but
           he
           would
           not
           put
           himself
           to
           the
           trouble
           of
           doing
           it
           ,
           with
           care
           to
           keep
           
           them
           from
           retaiaing
           much
           of
           their
           first
           want
           of
           exact
           Method
           and
           Connexion
           .
           Nor
           was
           the
           Author
           solicitous
           to
           finish
           them
           up
           ,
           in
           regard
           that
           his
           other
           Studies
           and
           occasions
           made
           him
           perceive
           ,
           that
           in
           what
           he
           had
           design'd
           about
           Occult
           Qualities
           ,
           he
           had
           cut
           himself
           out
           more
           work
           than
           probably
           he
           should
           during
           many
           years
           have
           opportunity
           to
           set
           upon
           in
           earnest
           ,
           and
           complete
           .
           And
           in
           this
           Condition
           these
           Papers
           lay
           for
           divers
           years
           ,
           (
           as
           is
           well
           known
           to
           several
           that
           saw
           them
           ,
           or
           even
           transcrib'd
           some
           of
           them
           ,
           )
           and
           might
           have
           continued
           to
           do
           so
           ,
           if
           the
           Author
           had
           not
           been
           induc'd
           to
           let
           them
           come
           abroad
           ,
           partly
           by
           considering
           ,
           that
           though
           the
           Subjects
           ,
           (
           however
           he
           handled
           them
           )
           were
           as
           well
           important
           as
           curious
           ,
           yet
           he
           did
           not
           find
           himself
           prevented
           by
           others
           in
           what
           he
           had
           to
           publish
           about
           them
           ;
           and
           partly
           by
           the
           References
           he
           had
           made
           to
           them
           in
           some
           other
           Papers
           ,
           that
           he
           had
           promised
           his
           Friends
           ,
           wherein
           several
           things
           here
           deliver'd
           are
           vouched
           ,
           and
           others
           suppos'd
           .
           And
           because
           the
           Notes
           concerning
           the
           Porosity
           of
           greater
           Bodies
           and
           the
           
           Figurations
           of
           minute
           Particles
           ,
           together
           with
           the
           Paper
           about
           unregarded
           Motions
           ,
           having
           been
           long
           laid
           aside
           among
           other
           neglected
           papers
           ,
           were
           some
           of
           them
           missing
           ,
           and
           others
           so
           mis-us'd
           ,
           that
           they
           could
           not
           easily
           be
           made
           ready
           to
           accompany
           those
           that
           now
           come
           abroad
           ;
           the
           Author
           ,
           that
           he
           might
           keep
           this
           Book
           from
           having
           its
           dimensions
           too
           disproportionate
           ,
           was
           content
           to
           add
           to
           the
           thickness
           of
           it
           ,
           by
           subjoyning
           one
           of
           those
           little
           Tracts
           ,
           that
           lay
           by
           him
           ,
           concerning
           Flame
           ,
           because
           of
           the
           Affinity
           betwixt
           the
           preceding
           Doctrine
           about
           Effluviums
           in
           general
           ,
           and
           Experiments
           that
           shew
           in
           particular
           the
           Subtilty
           and
           the
           Efficacy
           of
           those
           of
           Fire
           and
           Flame
           .
           And
           though
           ,
           to
           that
           Tract
           it self
           ,
           there
           belong
           another
           ,
           design'd
           to
           examine
           ,
           Whether
           the
           matter
           of
           what
           we
           call
           the
           Sun-beams
           ,
           may
           be
           brought
           to
           be
           ponderable
           ;
           yet
           supposing
           this
           ,
           hitherto
           cold
           and
           wet
           Summer
           ,
           to
           be
           like
           to
           be
           as
           unfriendly
           to
           the
           Tryals
           to
           be
           made
           with
           Burning-glasses
           as
           of
           late
           years
           some
           other
           Summers
           have
           prov'd
           ,
           he
           was
           easily
           prevail'd
           with
           ,
           not
           to
           make
           those
           Experiments
           
           that
           were
           ready
           ,
           wait
           any
           longer
           for
           those
           ,
           that
           probably
           will
           not
           in
           a
           short
           time
           be
           so
           ;
           especially
           since
           those
           that
           now
           come
           abroad
           have
           no
           dependency
           upon
           the
           others
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
           
             
             
             
               OF
               THE
               Strange
               SUBTILTY
               OF
               EFFLUVIUMS
               .
            
             
               BY
               
                 The
                 Honorable
              
               ROBERT
               BOYLE
               .
            
             
               LONDON
               :
               Printed
               by
               
                 W.
                 G.
              
               for
               
                 M.
                 Pitt
              
               at
               the
               sign
               of
               the
               White
               Hart
               ,
               over-against
               the
               little
               North
               Door
               of
               St
               Paul's
               Church
               .
               1673.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
             
               OF
               The
               strange
               SUBTILTY
               OF
               EFFLVVIVMS
               .
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 WHether
                 we
                 suppose
                 with
                 the
                 Antient
                 and
                 Modern
                 Atomists
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 sensible
                 Bodies
                 are
                 made
                 up
                 of
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 insensible
                 ,
                 but
                 indivisible
                 ;
                 or
                 whether
                 we
                 think
                 with
                 the
                 Cartesians
                 ,
                 and
                 (
                 as
                 many
                 of
                 that
                 Party
                 teach
                 us
                 )
                 with
                 Aristotle
                 ,
                 that
                 Matter
                 ,
                 like
                 Quantity
                 ,
                 is
                 indefinitely
                 ,
                 if
                 not
                 infinitely
                 divisible
                 :
                 It
                 will
                 be
                 consonant
                 enough
                 
                 to
                 either
                 Doctrine
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 Bodies
                 may
                 consist
                 of
                 Particles
                 
                   extremely
                   small
                
                 .
                 For
                 if
                 we
                 embrace
                 the
                 Opinion
                 of
                 Aristotle
                 or
                 Des-Cartes
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 no
                 stop
                 to
                 be
                 put
                 to
                 the
                 sub-division
                 of
                 Matter
                 ,
                 into
                 Fragments
                 ,
                 still
                 lesser
                 and
                 lesser
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 the
                 Epicurean
                 Hypothesis
                 admit
                 not
                 of
                 such
                 an
                 interminate
                 division
                 of
                 Matter
                 ,
                 but
                 will
                 have
                 it
                 stop
                 at
                 certain
                 solid
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 which
                 for
                 their
                 not
                 being
                 further
                 divisible
                 are
                 called
                 Atoms
                 (
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 )
                 yet
                 the
                 Assertors
                 of
                 these
                 do
                 justly
                 think
                 themselves
                 injured
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 are
                 charged
                 with
                 taking
                 the
                 Motes
                 or
                 small
                 Dust
                 ,
                 that
                 fly
                 up
                 and
                 down
                 in
                 the
                 Sun-Beams
                 ,
                 for
                 their
                 Atoms
                 ;
                 since
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 these
                 Philosophers
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 little
                 grains
                 of
                 Dust
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 visible
                 only
                 when
                 it
                 plays
                 in
                 the
                 Sun-Beams
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 composed
                 of
                 a
                 multitude
                 of
                 Atoms
                 ,
                 and
                 exceed
                 many
                 thousands
                 of
                 them
                 in
                 Bulk
                 .
                 This
                 the
                 Learned
                 Gassendus
                 in
                 his
                 Notes
                 on
                 
                   Diogenes
                   Laertius
                
                 makes
                 probable
                 by
                 the
                 instance
                 of
                 a
                 small
                 Mite
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 though
                 scarce
                 
                 distinctly
                 discernable
                 by
                 the
                 naked
                 Eye
                 ,
                 unless
                 when
                 't
                 is
                 in
                 motion
                 ,
                 does
                 yet
                 in
                 a
                 good
                 Microscope
                 appear
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 compleat
                 Animal
                 ,
                 furnished
                 with
                 all
                 necessary
                 Parts
                 ;
                 which
                 I
                 can
                 easily
                 allow
                 ,
                 having
                 often
                 in
                 Cheese-Mites
                 very
                 distinctly
                 seen
                 the
                 Hair
                 growing
                 upon
                 their
                 Legs
                 .
                 And
                 to
                 the
                 former
                 Instance
                 I
                 might
                 add
                 ,
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 told
                 you
                 of
                 a
                 sort
                 of
                 Animals
                 far
                 lesser
                 than
                 Cheese-Mites
                 themselves
                 ,
                 namely
                 those
                 that
                 may
                 be
                 often-times
                 seen
                 in
                 Vinegar
                 .
                 But
                 what
                 has
                 been
                 already
                 said
                 may
                 suffice
                 for
                 my
                 present
                 purpose
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 only
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 wonderful
                 minuteness
                 I
                 shall
                 hereafter
                 ascribe
                 to
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 is
                 not
                 inconsistent
                 with
                 the
                 most
                 received
                 Theories
                 of
                 Naturalists
                 .
                 For
                 otherwise
                 in
                 this
                 Essay
                 the
                 Proofs
                 I
                 mean
                 to
                 employ
                 ,
                 must
                 be
                 taken
                 ,
                 not
                 
                   à
                   Priori
                
                 ,
                 but
                 
                   à
                   Posteriori
                
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 Experiments
                 and
                 Observations
                 I
                 shall
                 employ
                 on
                 this
                 occasion
                 will
                 be
                 chiefly
                 those
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 referrible
                 to
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 following
                 Heads
                 .
              
               
                 
                 
                   I.
                   The
                   strange
                   Extensibility
                   of
                   some
                   Bodies
                   whilst
                   their
                   Parts
                   yet
                   remain
                   tangible
                   .
                
                 
                   II.
                   The
                   multitude
                   of
                   Visible
                   Corpuscles
                   ,
                   that
                   may
                   be
                   afforded
                   by
                   a
                   small
                   portion
                   of
                   Matter
                   .
                
                 
                   III.
                   The
                   smallness
                   of
                   the
                   Pores
                   at
                   which
                   the
                   Effluvia
                   of
                   some
                   Bodies
                   will
                   get
                   in
                   .
                
                 
                   IV.
                   The
                   small
                   decrement
                   of
                   Bulk
                   or
                   Weight
                   ,
                   that
                   a
                   Body
                   may
                   suffer
                   by
                   parting
                   with
                   great
                   store
                   of
                   Effluvia
                   .
                
                 
                   V.
                   The
                   great
                   quantity
                   of
                   Space
                   that
                   may
                   be
                   fill'd
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   sense
                   ,
                   by
                   a
                   small
                   quantity
                   of
                   Matter
                   when
                   rarified
                   or
                   dispers'd
                   .
                
              
               
                 But
                 though
                 to
                 these
                 distinct
                 Heads
                 I
                 shall
                 design
                 distinct
                 Chapters
                 ,
                 yet
                 you
                 must
                 not
                 expect
                 to
                 find
                 the
                 Instances
                 solicitously
                 marshall'd
                 ,
                 
                 but
                 set
                 down
                 in
                 the
                 order
                 they
                 occurr'd
                 to
                 me
                 ;
                 such
                 a
                 liberty
                 being
                 
                 allowable
                 in
                 a
                 Paper
                 ,
                 where
                 I
                 pretend
                 not
                 to
                 write
                 Treatises
                 ,
                 but
                 Notes
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 AMong
                 many
                 things
                 that
                 are
                 gross
                 enough
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 Objects
                 of
                 our
                 Touch
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 be
                 managed
                 with
                 our
                 Hands
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 some
                 that
                 may
                 help
                 us
                 to
                 conceive
                 a
                 wonderful
                 minuteness
                 in
                 the
                 small
                 Parts
                 they
                 consist
                 of
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 remember
                 what
                 Cardan
                 ,
                 and
                 since
                 him
                 another
                 Writer
                 have
                 deliver'd
                 about
                 the
                 Thinness
                 and
                 Slenderness
                 to
                 which
                 Gold
                 may
                 be
                 brought
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 without
                 positively
                 assenting
                 to
                 ,
                 or
                 absolutely
                 rejecting
                 what
                 may
                 have
                 been
                 said
                 about
                 it
                 by
                 others
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 only
                 borrow
                 on
                 this
                 occasion
                 ,
                 
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 mention'd
                 on
                 another
                 upon
                 my
                 own
                 Observation
                 ;
                 namely
                 ,
                 
                 That
                 Silver
                 ,
                 whose
                 Ductility
                 and
                 Tractility
                 are
                 very
                 much
                 inferiour
                 to
                 those
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 was
                 ,
                 by
                 my
                 procuring
                 ,
                 drawn
                 out
                 to
                 so
                 slender
                 a
                 Wire
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 when
                 we
                 measur'd
                 it
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 somewhat
                 troublesom
                 to
                 do
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 long
                 and
                 accurate
                 measure
                 ,
                 we
                 found
                 ,
                 that
                 eight
                 Yards
                 of
                 it
                 did
                 not
                 yet
                 fully
                 counterpoise
                 one
                 Grain
                 :
                 So
                 that
                 we
                 might
                 add
                 a
                 Grain
                 more
                 without
                 making
                 the
                 Scale
                 ,
                 wherein
                 't
                 was
                 put
                 ,
                 manifestly
                 preponderate
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 the
                 Tenderness
                 of
                 the
                 Ballance
                 .
                 Whence
                 we
                 concluded
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 single
                 Grain
                 of
                 this
                 Wire
                 amounted
                 to
                 27
                 Foot
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 324
                 Inches
                 .
                 And
                 since
                 Experience
                 informs
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 half
                 an
                 English
                 Inch
                 can
                 by
                 Diagonal
                 Lines
                 be
                 divided
                 into
                 100
                 parts
                 great
                 enough
                 to
                 be
                 easily
                 distinguish'd
                 ,
                 even
                 for
                 Mechanical
                 uses
                 ,
                 it
                 follows
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Grain
                 of
                 this
                 wire-drawn
                 Silver
                 may
                 be
                 divided
                 into
                 64800
                 parts
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 each
                 of
                 these
                 will
                 be
                 a
                 true
                 metalline
                 ,
                 though
                 but
                 slender
                 and
                 short
                 ,
                 Cylinder
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 may
                 very
                 well
                 conceive
                 to
                 consist
                 
                 yet
                 of
                 a
                 multitude
                 of
                 minuter
                 parts
                 .
                 For
                 though
                 I
                 could
                 procure
                 no
                 Gilt
                 Wire
                 near
                 so
                 slender
                 as
                 our
                 newly
                 mention'd
                 Silver-wire
                 ;
                 yet
                 I
                 tryed
                 that
                 some
                 which
                 I
                 had
                 by
                 me
                 was
                 small
                 enough
                 to
                 make
                 one
                 Grain
                 of
                 it
                 fourteen
                 foot
                 long
                 :
                 At
                 which
                 rate
                 an
                 Ounce
                 did
                 amount
                 to
                 a
                 full
                 Mile
                 ,
                 consisting
                 of
                 1000
                 Geometrical
                 Paces
                 ,
                 (
                 of
                 5
                 foot
                 a-piece
                 ,
                 )
                 and
                 720
                 foot
                 over
                 and
                 above
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 now
                 it
                 be
                 permitted
                 to
                 suppose
                 the
                 Wire
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 probability
                 it
                 might
                 have
                 been
                 ,
                 further
                 drawn
                 out
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 slenderness
                 with
                 the
                 above-mention'd
                 Silver-wire
                 ,
                 the
                 Instance
                 will
                 still
                 be
                 far
                 more
                 considerable
                 ;
                 for
                 in
                 this
                 case
                 ,
                 each
                 of
                 those
                 little
                 Cylinders
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 64800
                 go
                 to
                 the
                 making
                 of
                 one
                 Grain
                 ,
                 will
                 have
                 a
                 superficial
                 Area
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 except
                 at
                 the
                 Basis
                 ,
                 will
                 be
                 cover'd
                 with
                 a
                 Case
                 of
                 Gold
                 ;
                 which
                 is
                 not
                 only
                 separable
                 from
                 it
                 by
                 a
                 mental
                 Operation
                 ,
                 but
                 perhaps
                 also
                 by
                 a
                 Chymical
                 one
                 .
                 For
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 that
                 from
                 very
                 slender
                 gilt
                 Wire
                 ,
                 though
                 I
                 could
                 get
                 
                 none
                 so
                 slender
                 as
                 this
                 of
                 meer
                 Silver
                 ,
                 I
                 did
                 more
                 than
                 once
                 ,
                 for
                 Curiosities
                 sake
                 ,
                 so
                 get
                 out
                 the
                 Silver
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 golden
                 Films
                 ,
                 whilst
                 they
                 were
                 in
                 a
                 Liquor
                 that
                 plumpt
                 them
                 up
                 ,
                 seem'd
                 to
                 be
                 solid
                 wires
                 of
                 Gold
                 :
                 But
                 when
                 the
                 Liquor
                 was
                 withdrawn
                 ,
                 they
                 appear'd
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 indeed
                 they
                 were
                 )
                 to
                 be
                 oblong
                 and
                 extremely
                 thin
                 and
                 double
                 Membranes
                 of
                 that
                 Metal
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 with
                 an
                 Instrument
                 that
                 had
                 been
                 delicate
                 enough
                 ,
                 might
                 have
                 been
                 ripp'd
                 open
                 ,
                 and
                 displayed
                 ,
                 and
                 been
                 made
                 capable
                 of
                 further
                 .
                 Divisions
                 and
                 Subdivisions
                 .
                 To
                 this
                 I
                 shall
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 each
                 of
                 the
                 little
                 silver
                 Cylinders
                 I
                 lately
                 spake
                 of
                 ,
                 must
                 not
                 only
                 have
                 its
                 little
                 Area
                 ,
                 but
                 its
                 Solidity
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 I
                 saw
                 no
                 reason
                 to
                 doubt
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 it
                 might
                 be
                 very
                 possible
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 Artificer
                 had
                 been
                 so
                 skilful
                 and
                 willing
                 as
                 I
                 wish'd
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 drawn
                 the
                 same
                 quantity
                 of
                 Metal
                 to
                 a
                 much
                 greater
                 length
                 ,
                 since
                 even
                 an
                 Animal
                 substance
                 is
                 capable
                 of
                 being
                 brought
                 to
                 a
                 slenderness
                 much
                 surpassing
                 that
                 of
                 our
                 Wire
                 ,
                 supposing
                 the
                 Truth
                 
                 of
                 an
                 Observation
                 of
                 very
                 credible
                 Persons
                 critical
                 enough
                 in
                 making
                 Experiments
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 for
                 a
                 Confirmation
                 and
                 an
                 Improvement
                 of
                 our
                 present
                 Argument
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 subjoyn
                 .
                 An
                 Ingenious
                 Gentlewoman
                 of
                 my
                 Acquaintance
                 ,
                 Wife
                 to
                 a
                 Learned
                 Physician
                 ,
                 taking
                 much
                 pleasure
                 to
                 keep
                 Silk-worms
                 ,
                 had
                 once
                 the
                 Curiosity
                 to
                 draw
                 out
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 Oval
                 Cases
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 the
                 Silk-worm
                 spins
                 ,
                 not
                 ,
                 as
                 't
                 is
                 commonly
                 thought
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 its
                 Belly
                 ,
                 but
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 whence
                 I
                 have
                 taken
                 pleasure
                 to
                 draw
                 it
                 out
                 with
                 my
                 Fingers
                 ,
                 )
                 into
                 all
                 the
                 Silken-wire
                 it
                 was
                 made
                 up
                 of
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 great
                 wonder
                 as
                 well
                 of
                 her
                 Husband
                 ,
                 as
                 her self
                 ,
                 who
                 both
                 inform'd
                 me
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 appeared
                 to
                 be
                 by
                 measure
                 a
                 great
                 deal
                 above
                 300
                 Yards
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 weigh'd
                 but
                 two
                 Grains
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 :
                 so
                 that
                 each
                 Cylindrically
                 shap'd
                 Grain
                 of
                 Silk
                 may
                 well
                 be
                 reckon'd
                 to
                 be
                 at
                 least
                 120
                 Yards
                 long
                 .
              
               
                 Another
                 way
                 ,
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 I
                 also
                 employed
                 to
                 help
                 men
                 by
                 the
                 extensibility
                 of
                 Gold
                 the
                 better
                 to
                 conceive
                 
                 the
                 Minuteness
                 of
                 the
                 Parts
                 of
                 Solid
                 Bodies
                 .
              
               
                 We
                 took
                 six
                 beaten
                 Leaves
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 measured
                 one
                 by
                 one
                 with
                 a
                 Ruler
                 purposely
                 made
                 for
                 nice
                 Experiments
                 ,
                 and
                 found
                 them
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 greater
                 equality
                 in
                 Dimensions
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 be
                 nearer
                 true
                 Squares
                 ,
                 than
                 could
                 be
                 well
                 expected
                 :
                 The
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Square
                 was
                 in
                 each
                 of
                 them
                 exactly
                 enough
                 three
                 Inches
                 and
                 2
                 /
                 8
                 ,
                 (
                 or
                 1
                 /
                 4
                 ,
                 )
                 which
                 number
                 being
                 reduc'd
                 to
                 a
                 Decimal
                 Fraction
                 ,
                 viz.
                 3125
                 /
                 100
                 ,
                 and
                 multiplied
                 by
                 it self
                 ,
                 affords
                 105625
                 /
                 10000
                 for
                 the
                 Area
                 ,
                 or
                 superficial
                 Content
                 of
                 each
                 square
                 Leaf
                 :
                 And
                 this
                 multiplied
                 by
                 6
                 ,
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 Leaves
                 ,
                 amounts
                 to
                 633750
                 /
                 10000
                 square
                 Inches
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 Area
                 of
                 the
                 six
                 Leaves
                 .
                 These
                 being
                 carefully
                 weigh'd
                 in
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 tender
                 Scales
                 ,
                 amounted
                 all
                 of
                 them
                 to
                 one
                 Grain
                 and
                 a
                 quarter
                 :
                 And
                 so
                 one
                 Grain
                 of
                 this
                 foliated
                 Gold
                 was
                 extended
                 to
                 somewhat
                 above
                 fifty
                 Inches
                 ;
                 which
                 differ'd
                 but
                 about
                 a
                 fifth
                 part
                 from
                 an
                 Experiment
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 nature
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 remember
                 I
                 made
                 
                 many
                 years
                 ago
                 in
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 exact
                 Scales
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 small
                 a
                 difference
                 may
                 very
                 well
                 be
                 imputed
                 to
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 pains
                 and
                 diligence
                 of
                 the
                 Gold-Beaters
                 ,
                 who
                 do
                 not
                 always
                 work
                 with
                 equal
                 strength
                 and
                 skill
                 ,
                 nor
                 upon
                 equally
                 fine
                 and
                 ductile
                 Gold.
                 
              
               
                 Now
                 if
                 we
                 recal
                 to
                 mind
                 what
                 I
                 was
                 lately
                 saying
                 of
                 the
                 actual
                 divisibility
                 of
                 an
                 Inch
                 into
                 an
                 hundred
                 sensible
                 parts
                 ,
                 and
                 suppose
                 an
                 Inch
                 so
                 divided
                 to
                 be
                 applied
                 to
                 each
                 side
                 of
                 a
                 square
                 Inch
                 of
                 the
                 Leaf-Gold
                 newly
                 mention'd
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 manifest
                 that
                 by
                 subtle
                 parallel
                 Lines
                 ,
                 drawn
                 between
                 all
                 the
                 opposite
                 Points
                 ,
                 a
                 Grain
                 of
                 Gold
                 must
                 be
                 divisible
                 into
                 five
                 hundred
                 thousand
                 little
                 Squares
                 ,
                 very
                 minute
                 indeed
                 ,
                 but
                 yet
                 discernible
                 by
                 a
                 sufficiently
                 sharp-sighted
                 Eye
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 we
                 suppose
                 an
                 Inch
                 to
                 be
                 divided
                 into
                 two
                 hundred
                 parts
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 lately
                 told
                 you
                 it
                 was
                 in
                 a
                 Ruler
                 I
                 employ
                 ,
                 then
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 newly
                 recited
                 way
                 ,
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 Squares
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 a
                 single
                 Grain
                 is
                 capable
                 of
                 being
                 divided
                 ,
                 will
                 amount
                 to
                 no
                 less
                 than
                 two
                 Millions
                 .
              
               
               
                 There
                 is
                 yet
                 another
                 way
                 that
                 I
                 took
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 extensibility
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 the
                 divisibleness
                 of
                 Gold
                 is
                 probably
                 far
                 more
                 wonderful
                 ,
                 than
                 by
                 the
                 lately
                 mention'd
                 Tryal
                 it
                 appears
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 this
                 purpose
                 I
                 went
                 to
                 a
                 great
                 Refiner
                 ,
                 whom
                 I
                 used
                 to
                 deal
                 with
                 for
                 purify'd
                 Gold
                 and
                 Silver
                 ,
                 and
                 inquir'd
                 of
                 him
                 ,
                 how
                 many
                 Grains
                 of
                 Leaf-Gold
                 he
                 was
                 wont
                 to
                 allow
                 to
                 an
                 Ounce
                 of
                 Silver
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 drawn
                 into
                 gilt
                 Wire
                 as
                 slender
                 as
                 an
                 Hair
                 ?
                 To
                 this
                 he
                 answer'd
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 eight
                 Grains
                 was
                 the
                 proportion
                 he
                 allowed
                 to
                 an
                 Ounce
                 when
                 the
                 Wire
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 well
                 gilt
                 ;
                 but
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 to
                 be
                 more
                 slightly
                 gilt
                 ,
                 six
                 Grains
                 would
                 serve
                 the
                 turn
                 .
                 And
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 purpose
                 I
                 was
                 answer'd
                 by
                 a
                 skilful
                 Wire-drawer
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 that
                 desiring
                 the
                 Refiner
                 to
                 shew
                 me
                 an
                 Ingot
                 of
                 Silver
                 ,
                 as
                 he
                 did
                 at
                 first
                 gild
                 it
                 ;
                 he
                 shew'd
                 me
                 a
                 good
                 fair
                 Cylindrical
                 Bar
                 ,
                 whereon
                 the
                 Leaf-Gold
                 ,
                 that
                 overlaid
                 the
                 surface
                 ,
                 did
                 not
                 appear
                 to
                 be
                 by
                 
                 odds
                 so
                 thick
                 as
                 fine
                 Venetian
                 Paper
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 comparing
                 this
                 with
                 gilt
                 Wire
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 also
                 desired
                 to
                 see
                 ,
                 the
                 Wire
                 appeared
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 better
                 gilt
                 of
                 the
                 two
                 ;
                 possibly
                 because
                 the
                 Gold
                 in
                 passing
                 through
                 the
                 various
                 Holes
                 ,
                 was
                 by
                 the
                 sides
                 of
                 them
                 not
                 only
                 extended
                 but
                 polished
                 ,
                 which
                 made
                 it
                 look
                 more
                 vividly
                 than
                 the
                 unpolish'd
                 Leaves
                 that
                 gilded
                 the
                 Ingot
                 .
              
               
                 So
                 that
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 suppose
                 an
                 Ounce
                 of
                 the
                 gilt
                 Wire
                 formerly
                 mention'd
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 gilt
                 with
                 six
                 Grains
                 of
                 Leaf-Gold
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 appear
                 by
                 an
                 easie
                 calculation
                 ,
                 that
                 at
                 this
                 rate
                 one
                 Ounce
                 of
                 Gold
                 ,
                 employ'd
                 on
                 gilding
                 Wire
                 of
                 that
                 slenderness
                 ,
                 would
                 reach
                 between
                 ninety
                 and
                 an
                 hundred
                 Miles
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 now
                 we
                 further
                 suppose
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 lately
                 did
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 slender
                 Silver-wire
                 ,
                 mention'd
                 at
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 this
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 were
                 gilt
                 ;
                 though
                 we
                 should
                 allow
                 it
                 to
                 have
                 (
                 because
                 of
                 its
                 exceeding
                 slenderness
                 ,
                 )
                 not
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 the
                 former
                 )
                 6
                 Grains
                 ,
                 but
                 8
                 Grains
                 of
                 Leaf-Gold
                 to
                 an
                 Ounce
                 of
                 Siver
                 ,
                 
                 it
                 must
                 be
                 acknowledged
                 ,
                 that
                 an
                 hollow
                 Cylinder
                 or
                 sheath
                 of
                 Gold
                 weighing
                 but
                 eight
                 Grains
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 so
                 stretch'd
                 ,
                 that
                 't
                 will
                 reach
                 to
                 no
                 less
                 than
                 60
                 times
                 as
                 much
                 (
                 in
                 weight
                 )
                 of
                 Silver-wire
                 as
                 it
                 covers
                 :
                 [
                 I
                 said
                 60
                 times
                 ,
                 for
                 so
                 often
                 is
                 8
                 contain'd
                 in
                 480
                 ,
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 Grains
                 in
                 an
                 Ounce
                 ;
                 ]
                 and
                 consequently
                 (
                 a
                 Grain
                 of
                 that
                 Wire
                 having
                 been
                 found
                 to
                 be
                 27
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 )
                 the
                 Ounce
                 of
                 Gold
                 would
                 reach
                 to
                 seven
                 hundred
                 seventy
                 seven
                 thousand
                 six
                 hundred
                 foot
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 an
                 hundred
                 fifty
                 five
                 Miles
                 and
                 above
                 a
                 half
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 we
                 yet
                 further
                 suppose
                 this
                 superficial
                 or
                 hollow
                 Cylinder
                 of
                 Gold
                 to
                 be
                 slit
                 all
                 along
                 ,
                 and
                 cut
                 into
                 as
                 slender
                 lists
                 or
                 thongs
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 ,
                 we
                 must
                 not
                 deny
                 that
                 Gold
                 may
                 be
                 made
                 to
                 reach
                 to
                 a
                 stupendious
                 length
                 .
                 But
                 we
                 need
                 not
                 this
                 last
                 supposition
                 to
                 make
                 what
                 preceded
                 it
                 an
                 amazing
                 thing
                 :
                 which
                 yet
                 though
                 it
                 be
                 indeed
                 Stupendious
                 and
                 seem
                 Incredible
                 ,
                 ought
                 not
                 at
                 all
                 to
                 be
                 judg'd
                 Impossible
                 ,
                 being
                 no
                 more
                 than
                 what
                 upon
                 the
                 
                 Suppositions
                 and
                 Observations
                 above
                 laid
                 down
                 ,
                 does
                 evidently
                 follow
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 III.
                 
              
               
                 AFter
                 what
                 has
                 been
                 said
                 of
                 the
                 minuteness
                 of
                 tangible
                 Objects
                 ,
                 't
                 will
                 be
                 proper
                 to
                 subjoyn
                 some
                 instances
                 of
                 the
                 smallness
                 of
                 such
                 as
                 yet
                 continue
                 visible
                 .
                 But
                 in
                 regard
                 these
                 Corpuscles
                 are
                 singly
                 too
                 little
                 to
                 have
                 any
                 common
                 measure
                 apply'd
                 to
                 any
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 we
                 must
                 make
                 an
                 estimate
                 of
                 their
                 minuteness
                 by
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 those
                 into
                 which
                 a
                 small
                 portion
                 or
                 fragment
                 of
                 matter
                 may
                 be
                 actually
                 divided
                 ,
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 these
                 being
                 afforded
                 by
                 so
                 inconsiderable
                 a
                 Quantity
                 of
                 matter
                 ,
                 sufficiently
                 declaring
                 ,
                 that
                 each
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 in
                 particular
                 ,
                 must
                 be
                 marvelously
                 little
                 .
              
               
                 Among
                 the
                 instances
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 smallness
                 of
                 Bodies
                 may
                 be
                 deduc'd
                 from
                 what
                 is
                 immediately
                 the
                 Object
                 of
                 Sight
                 ,
                 it
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 unfit
                 to
                 take
                 
                 notice
                 of
                 the
                 evaporation
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 which
                 though
                 it
                 be
                 granted
                 to
                 consist
                 of
                 gross
                 particles
                 in
                 comparison
                 of
                 the
                 spirituous
                 and
                 odoriferous
                 ones
                 of
                 divers
                 other
                 Liquors
                 ,
                 as
                 of
                 pure
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 Essential
                 Oyls
                 of
                 Spices
                 ,
                 &c.
                 yet
                 to
                 shew
                 that
                 a
                 small
                 Quantity
                 of
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 dispers'd
                 into
                 a
                 multitude
                 of
                 manifestly
                 visible
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 I
                 thought
                 upon
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 than
                 once
                 try'd
                 ,
                 the
                 rarefaction
                 of
                 it
                 into
                 Vapors
                 by
                 help
                 of
                 an
                 Aeolipile
                 ,
                 wherein
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 made
                 the
                 Experiment
                 the
                 last
                 time
                 ,
                 I
                 took
                 the
                 pains
                 to
                 register
                 the
                 Event
                 as
                 follows
                 .
              
               
                 We
                 put
                 an
                 Ounce
                 of
                 common
                 Water
                 into
                 an
                 Aeolipile
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 put
                 it
                 upon
                 a
                 Chasing-dish
                 of
                 coals
                 ,
                 we
                 observ'd
                 the
                 time
                 when
                 the
                 streams
                 of
                 Vapors
                 began
                 to
                 be
                 manifest
                 .
                 This
                 stream
                 was
                 for
                 a
                 good
                 while
                 impetuous
                 enough
                 ,
                 as
                 appear'd
                 by
                 the
                 noise
                 it
                 made
                 ,
                 which
                 would
                 be
                 much
                 increased
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 applied
                 to
                 it
                 at
                 a
                 convenient
                 distance
                 a
                 kindled
                 brand
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 it
                 would
                 blow
                 up
                 
                 the
                 fire
                 very
                 vehemently
                 .
                 The
                 stream
                 continued
                 about
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 an
                 hour
                 (
                 sixteen
                 minutes
                 or
                 better
                 ,
                 )
                 but
                 afterwards
                 the
                 Wind
                 had
                 pauses
                 and
                 gusts
                 for
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 minutes
                 before
                 it
                 quite
                 ceased
                 .
                 And
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 shape
                 of
                 the
                 Aeolipile
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 being
                 fram'd
                 chiefly
                 for
                 other
                 purposes
                 ,
                 was
                 not
                 so
                 convenient
                 for
                 this
                 )
                 a
                 great
                 portion
                 of
                 the
                 Vapors
                 condens'd
                 in
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 fell
                 down
                 in
                 drops
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 supposing
                 that
                 they
                 also
                 had
                 come
                 out
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 Wind
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 blast
                 had
                 not
                 been
                 intermitted
                 toward
                 the
                 latter
                 end
                 ,
                 I
                 guess'd
                 it
                 might
                 have
                 continued
                 uninterruptedly
                 18
                 or
                 20
                 minutes
                 .
                 Note
                 ,
                 That
                 applying
                 a
                 measure
                 to
                 the
                 Smoak
                 ,
                 that
                 came
                 out
                 very
                 visible
                 in
                 a
                 form
                 almost
                 conical
                 ,
                 where
                 it
                 seem'd
                 to
                 have
                 an
                 Inch
                 or
                 more
                 in
                 Diameter
                 ,
                 't
                 was
                 distant
                 from
                 the
                 hole
                 of
                 the
                 Aeolipile
                 about
                 twenty
                 Inches
                 ;
                 and
                 five
                 or
                 six
                 Inches
                 beyond
                 that
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 were
                 spread
                 so
                 much
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 have
                 four
                 or
                 five
                 Inches
                 in
                 Diameter
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 not
                 uniform
                 
                 but
                 still-cohering
                 Clouds
                 (
                 which
                 was
                 the
                 form
                 wherein
                 the
                 Vapors
                 appear'd
                 )
                 were
                 manifest
                 and
                 conspicuous
                 .
              
               
                 After
                 the
                 rarefaction
                 of
                 Water
                 when
                 't
                 is
                 turn'd
                 into
                 Vapors
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 consider
                 that
                 of
                 Fewel
                 when
                 't
                 is
                 turn'd
                 into
                 Flame
                 ;
                 to
                 which
                 purpose
                 I
                 might
                 here
                 propose
                 several
                 Tryals
                 as
                 well
                 of
                 our
                 own
                 as
                 others
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 prodigious
                 Expansion
                 of
                 some
                 Inflammable
                 Bodies
                 upon
                 their
                 being
                 actually
                 turn'd
                 into
                 Flame
                 .
                 But
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 to
                 mention
                 all
                 these
                 ,
                 would
                 perhaps
                 too
                 much
                 intrench
                 upon
                 another
                 Paper
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 I
                 shall
                 here
                 propose
                 to
                 your
                 consideration
                 but
                 one
                 instance
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 very
                 easie
                 to
                 be
                 tryed
                 ;
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 find
                 this
                 account
                 among
                 my
                 Adversaria
                 .
              
               
                 Having
                 oftentimes
                 burnt
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 Oyl
                 in
                 Glass-lamps
                 ,
                 that
                 for
                 certain
                 uses
                 were
                 so
                 made
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 surface
                 of
                 the
                 Liquor
                 was
                 still
                 circular
                 ,
                 't
                 was
                 obvious
                 to
                 observe
                 ,
                 how
                 little
                 the
                 Liquor
                 would
                 
                 subside
                 by
                 the
                 wast
                 that
                 was
                 made
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 in
                 about
                 half
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 an
                 hour
                 .
                 And
                 yet
                 if
                 we
                 consider
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 naked
                 Eye
                 after
                 some
                 Exercise
                 ,
                 may
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 often
                 tryed
                 ,
                 discern
                 the
                 motions
                 of
                 a
                 Pendulum
                 that
                 swings
                 fast
                 enough
                 to
                 divide
                 a
                 single
                 minute
                 of
                 an
                 hour
                 into
                 240
                 parts
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 half
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 an
                 hour
                 into
                 1800
                 parts
                 ;
                 if
                 we
                 also
                 consider
                 into
                 how
                 many
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 time
                 imployed
                 by
                 a
                 Pendulum
                 ,
                 the
                 Vibrations
                 ,
                 slow
                 enough
                 to
                 be
                 discernible
                 by
                 the
                 Eye
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 mentally
                 subdivided
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 we
                 further
                 consider
                 ,
                 that
                 without
                 intermission
                 ,
                 the
                 Oyl
                 is
                 preyed
                 upon
                 by
                 an
                 actual
                 Flame
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 particles
                 of
                 it
                 do
                 continually
                 furnish
                 a
                 considerable
                 stream
                 of
                 shining
                 matter
                 ,
                 that
                 with
                 a
                 strange
                 celerity
                 is
                 always
                 flying
                 away
                 ;
                 we
                 may
                 very
                 well
                 conceive
                 ,
                 that
                 those
                 parts
                 of
                 Flame
                 into
                 which
                 the
                 Oyl
                 is
                 turned
                 ,
                 are
                 stupendiously
                 minute
                 ,
                 since
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 wasting
                 of
                 the
                 Oyl
                 is
                 in
                 its
                 progress
                 too
                 slow
                 to
                 be
                 perceived
                 by
                 the
                 Eye
                 ,
                 yet
                 't
                 is
                 
                 undoubted
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 continual
                 decrement
                 of
                 the
                 depth
                 of
                 the
                 Oyl
                 ,
                 the
                 Physical
                 surfaces
                 whereof
                 are
                 continually
                 and
                 successively
                 attenuated
                 and
                 turn'd
                 into
                 flame
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 strange
                 subtilty
                 of
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 of
                 flame
                 would
                 be
                 much
                 the
                 stronglier
                 argued
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 should
                 suppose
                 ,
                 that
                 instead
                 of
                 common
                 Oyl
                 the
                 flame
                 were
                 nourish'd
                 by
                 a
                 fewel
                 so
                 much
                 more
                 compact
                 and
                 durable
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 that
                 inflammable
                 substance
                 made
                 of
                 a
                 Metalline
                 Body
                 ,
                 of
                 whose
                 lastingness
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 made
                 particular
                 mention
                 ,
                 
                 after
                 having
                 taught
                 the
                 way
                 of
                 preparing
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Having
                 in
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 tender
                 Scales
                 carefully
                 weigh'd
                 out
                 half
                 a
                 Grain
                 of
                 good
                 Gunpowder
                 ,
                 we
                 laid
                 it
                 on
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Tile
                 ,
                 and
                 whelm'd
                 over
                 it
                 a
                 vessel
                 of
                 glass
                 (
                 elsewhere
                 describ'd
                 ,
                 and
                 often
                 mention'd
                 )
                 with
                 a
                 Brass-plate
                 to
                 cover
                 the
                 upper
                 orifice
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 Then
                 having
                 fir'd
                 the
                 Gunpowder
                 ,
                 we
                 observ'd
                 that
                 the
                 smoak
                 of
                 it
                 did
                 opacate
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 to
                 sense
                 so
                 fill
                 the
                 
                 whole
                 cavity
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 though
                 its
                 Basis
                 were
                 eight
                 inches
                 ,
                 its
                 perpendicular
                 height
                 above
                 twenty
                 inches
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 figure
                 far
                 more
                 capacious
                 than
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 conical
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 smoak
                 ,
                 not
                 containing
                 it self
                 within
                 the
                 vessel
                 ,
                 issued
                 out
                 at
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 little
                 intervals
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 purposely
                 left
                 between
                 the
                 orifice
                 of
                 the
                 vessel
                 and
                 the
                 plate
                 that
                 lay
                 upon
                 it
                 .
                 This
                 cover
                 we
                 then
                 remov'd
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 might
                 observe
                 how
                 long
                 the
                 smoak
                 would
                 continue
                 to
                 ascend
                 ;
                 which
                 we
                 found
                 it
                 would
                 do
                 for
                 about
                 half
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 an
                 hour
                 ,
                 and
                 during
                 near
                 half
                 that
                 time
                 ,
                 
                   (
                   viz.
                
                 the
                 three
                 first
                 minutes
                 )
                 the
                 continually
                 ascending
                 smoak
                 seem'd
                 to
                 be
                 ,
                 at
                 its
                 going
                 out
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Diameter
                 with
                 the
                 orifice
                 at
                 which
                 it
                 issu'd
                 ;
                 and
                 it
                 would
                 ascend
                 sometimes
                 a
                 foot
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 half
                 a
                 yard
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 two
                 foot
                 or
                 more
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 before
                 it
                 would
                 disperse
                 and
                 vanish
                 into
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 if
                 we
                 consider
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 cavity
                 of
                 this
                 round
                 Orifice
                 was
                 two
                 inches
                 in
                 Diameter
                 ,
                 how
                 many
                 myriads
                 
                 of
                 visible
                 Corpuscles
                 may
                 we
                 easily
                 conceive
                 throng'd
                 out
                 at
                 so
                 large
                 an
                 out-let
                 in
                 the
                 time
                 above-mention'd
                 ,
                 since
                 they
                 were
                 continually
                 thrusting
                 one
                 another
                 forwards
                 ?
                 And
                 into
                 so
                 many
                 visible
                 Particles
                 of
                 smoak
                 must
                 we
                 admit
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 half
                 Grain
                 of
                 Powder
                 was
                 shatter'd
                 ,
                 beside
                 those
                 multitudes
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 having
                 been
                 turn'd
                 into
                 actual
                 flame
                 ,
                 may
                 probably
                 be
                 suppos'd
                 to
                 have
                 suffer'd
                 a
                 comminution
                 ,
                 that
                 made
                 them
                 become
                 invisible
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 attempt
                 so
                 hopeless
                 a
                 work
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 compute
                 the
                 number
                 of
                 these
                 small
                 Particles
                 ,
                 yet
                 to
                 make
                 an
                 estimate
                 whereby
                 it
                 would
                 appear
                 to
                 be
                 exceeding
                 great
                 ,
                 I
                 thought
                 fit
                 to
                 consider
                 ,
                 how
                 great
                 the
                 Proportion
                 was
                 between
                 the
                 spaces
                 ,
                 that
                 to
                 the
                 Eye
                 appear'd
                 all
                 full
                 of
                 smoak
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 dimensions
                 of
                 the
                 Powder
                 that
                 was
                 resolv'd
                 into
                 that
                 smoak
                 .
                 Causing
                 then
                 the
                 Glass
                 to
                 be
                 fill'd
                 with
                 common
                 Water
                 ,
                 we
                 found
                 it
                 to
                 contain
                 above
                 two
                 and
                 twenty
                 Pints
                 of
                 that
                 liquor
                 ,
                 and
                 causing
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 
                 measures
                 to
                 be
                 weigh'd
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 found
                 to
                 weigh
                 so
                 near
                 a
                 pound
                 (
                 of
                 sixteen
                 ounces
                 ,
                 )
                 that
                 the
                 computation
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 Water
                 amounted
                 to
                 at
                 least
                 160000
                 grains
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 320000
                 half
                 grains
                 .
                 To
                 which
                 if
                 we
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 Gunpowder
                 would
                 readily
                 sink
                 to
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 as
                 being
                 (
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 Saltpeter
                 and
                 Brimstone
                 ,
                 that
                 make
                 up
                 at
                 least
                 six
                 parts
                 of
                 seven
                 of
                 it
                 )
                 
                   in
                   specie
                
                 heavier
                 than
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 likelyhood
                 twice
                 as
                 heavy
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 easie
                 to
                 determine
                 it
                 exactly
                 ,
                 )
                 we
                 may
                 probably
                 guess
                 the
                 space
                 to
                 which
                 the
                 smoak
                 reach'd
                 to
                 exceed
                 500000
                 times
                 that
                 ,
                 which
                 contain'd
                 the
                 unfir'd
                 Powder
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 smoak
                 ,
                 being
                 confin'd
                 in
                 the
                 vessel
                 ,
                 was
                 thereby
                 kept
                 from
                 diffusing
                 it self
                 so
                 far
                 as
                 by
                 its
                 streaming
                 out
                 it
                 seem'd
                 likely
                 that
                 it
                 would
                 have
                 done
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 these
                 Instances
                 from
                 Inanimate
                 Bodies
                 I
                 shall
                 subjoyn
                 one
                 more
                 taken
                 from
                 Animals
                 .
                 Whereas
                 then
                 men
                 have
                 with
                 Reason
                 wonder'd
                 ,
                 that
                 so
                 small
                 a
                 Body
                 as
                 a
                 Cheese-mite
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 by
                 the
                 naked
                 Eye
                 is
                 oftentimes
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 taken
                 notice
                 of
                 ,
                 unless
                 it
                 move
                 ,
                 (
                 if
                 even
                 then
                 it
                 be
                 so
                 ,
                 )
                 should
                 by
                 the
                 Microscope
                 appear
                 to
                 be
                 an
                 Animal
                 furnish'd
                 with
                 all
                 necessary
                 parts
                 ;
                 whereas
                 this
                 ,
                 I
                 say
                 ,
                 has
                 given
                 just
                 occasion
                 to
                 conclude
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 that
                 make
                 up
                 the
                 parts
                 of
                 so
                 small
                 an
                 Animal
                 ,
                 must
                 themselves
                 be
                 extremely
                 small
                 ;
                 I
                 think
                 the
                 Argument
                 may
                 be
                 much
                 improved
                 by
                 the
                 following
                 Consideration
                 .
                 Those
                 that
                 have
                 had
                 the
                 Curiosity
                 to
                 open
                 from
                 time
                 to
                 time
                 Eggs
                 that
                 are
                 sat
                 upon
                 by
                 a
                 hatching
                 Hen
                 cannot
                 but
                 have
                 observed
                 ,
                 how
                 small
                 a
                 proportion
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 the
                 bulk
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 Egg
                 the
                 Chick
                 bears
                 ;
                 when
                 that
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 Excellent
                 Harvey
                 calls
                 
                   Punctum
                   saliens
                
                 ,
                 discloses
                 the
                 motion
                 of
                 the
                 Heart
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 colour
                 of
                 the
                 Blood
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 even
                 about
                 the
                 seventh
                 or
                 eighth
                 day
                 the
                 whole
                 Chick
                 now
                 visibly
                 form'd
                 ,
                 bears
                 no
                 great
                 proportion
                 to
                 the
                 whole
                 Egg
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 to
                 supply
                 it
                 with
                 Aliment
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 for
                 its
                 nourishment
                 ,
                 
                 but
                 speedy
                 growth
                 for
                 many
                 days
                 after
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 apply
                 this
                 now
                 to
                 the
                 matter
                 in
                 hand
                 ,
                 having
                 several
                 times
                 observed
                 and
                 shewn
                 to
                 others
                 ,
                 that
                 Cheese-mites
                 themselves
                 are
                 generated
                 of
                 Eggs
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 conceive
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 these
                 Eggs
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 ordinary
                 one
                 ,
                 the
                 Animal
                 at
                 its
                 first
                 formation
                 bears
                 but
                 a
                 small
                 proportion
                 to
                 the
                 bulk
                 of
                 the
                 whole
                 Egg
                 ,
                 the
                 remaining
                 part
                 being
                 to
                 suffice
                 for
                 the
                 food
                 and
                 growth
                 of
                 the
                 Embryo
                 probably
                 for
                 a
                 pretty
                 while
                 ;
                 since
                 ,
                 if
                 an
                 Ingenious
                 person
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 desired
                 to
                 watch
                 them
                 ,
                 did
                 not
                 mis-inform
                 me
                 ,
                 they
                 used
                 to
                 be
                 about
                 ten
                 or
                 twelve
                 days
                 in
                 hatching
                 ;
                 this
                 whole
                 Egg
                 it self
                 will
                 be
                 allowed
                 to
                 be
                 but
                 little
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 the
                 Mite
                 it
                 came
                 from
                 ,
                 how
                 extremely
                 and
                 unimaginably
                 minute
                 may
                 we
                 suppose
                 those
                 parts
                 to
                 be
                 ,
                 that
                 make
                 up
                 the
                 Alimental
                 Liquors
                 ,
                 and
                 even
                 the
                 Spirits
                 ,
                 that
                 passing
                 through
                 the
                 Nerves
                 or
                 Analogous
                 parts
                 ,
                 serve
                 to
                 move
                 the
                 Limbs
                 and
                 Sensories
                 of
                 but
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 ,
                 
                 the
                 Model
                 of
                 such
                 an
                 Animal
                 ,
                 as
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 rests
                 ,
                 would
                 not
                 (
                 perhaps
                 )
                 it self
                 to
                 the
                 naked
                 Eye
                 be
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 visible
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 which
                 we
                 may
                 presume
                 the
                 nobler
                 sort
                 of
                 stabler
                 parts
                 to
                 be
                 of
                 an
                 amazing
                 slenderness
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 consider
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 though
                 in
                 other
                 hairy
                 Animals
                 ,
                 the
                 Optick
                 or
                 some
                 other
                 of
                 the
                 larger
                 Nerves
                 do
                 ,
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 how
                 many
                 times
                 ,
                 in
                 thickness
                 and
                 circuit
                 surpass
                 a
                 hair
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Animal
                 ;
                 yet
                 in
                 a
                 Cheese-Mite
                 ,
                 though
                 none
                 of
                 the
                 largest
                 of
                 those
                 Creatures
                 ,
                 we
                 have
                 divers
                 times
                 manifestly
                 seen
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 before
                 intimated
                 ,
                 single
                 Hairs
                 that
                 grow
                 upon
                 the
                 Legs
                 .
              
               
                 Another
                 way
                 there
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 imployed
                 to
                 give
                 men
                 cause
                 to
                 think
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 invisible
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 Bodies
                 that
                 wander
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 may
                 be
                 strangely
                 minute
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 was
                 ,
                 by
                 shewing
                 how
                 small
                 a
                 fragment
                 of
                 matter
                 may
                 be
                 resolved
                 into
                 particles
                 minute
                 enough
                 to
                 associate
                 themselves
                 in
                 such
                 numbers
                 with
                 a
                 Fluid
                 so
                 much
                 more
                 dense
                 than
                 Air
                 ,
                 as
                 
                 Water
                 is
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 impart
                 a
                 determinate
                 Colour
                 to
                 the
                 whole
                 liquor
                 .
                 What
                 I
                 did
                 with
                 Cocheneel
                 in
                 prosecution
                 of
                 this
                 design
                 ,
                 my
                 Experiments
                 about
                 Colours
                 may
                 inform
                 you
                 ;
                 but
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 relate
                 the
                 success
                 of
                 an
                 attempt
                 made
                 another
                 way
                 ,
                 for
                 which
                 perhaps
                 some
                 of
                 your
                 friends
                 the
                 Chymists
                 will
                 thank
                 me
                 ;
                 though
                 I
                 was
                 not
                 solicitous
                 to
                 carry
                 on
                 the
                 Experiment
                 very
                 far
                 with
                 Gold
                 ,
                 not
                 because
                 I
                 judged
                 that
                 less
                 divisible
                 into
                 a
                 number
                 of
                 colour'd
                 particles
                 ,
                 but
                 because
                 I
                 found
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 expected
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 paleness
                 of
                 the
                 native
                 colour
                 of
                 the
                 Gold
                 may
                 make
                 it
                 in
                 the
                 end
                 less
                 conspicuous
                 ,
                 though
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 had
                 then
                 had
                 by
                 me
                 a
                 Menstruum
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 sometimes
                 had
                 ,
                 that
                 would
                 dissolve
                 Gold
                 blood-red
                 ,
                 perhaps
                 the
                 experiment
                 with
                 Gold
                 would
                 have
                 surpass'd
                 that
                 ,
                 which
                 't
                 is
                 now
                 time
                 I
                 should
                 begin
                 to
                 relate
                 ,
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 hinted
                 to
                 you
                 by
                 the
                 way
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 for
                 varieties
                 sake
                 ,
                 I
                 made
                 a
                 tryal
                 with
                 Copper
                 calcin'd
                 
                   per
                   se
                
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 might
                 not
                 be
                 accused
                 of
                 having
                 omitted
                 to
                 
                 employ
                 a
                 Metal
                 whose
                 Body
                 Chymists
                 suppose
                 to
                 be
                 much
                 opened
                 by
                 Calcination
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 the
                 event
                 were
                 notable
                 even
                 in
                 Comparison
                 of
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 experiment
                 made
                 with
                 Cocheneel
                 ,
                 yet
                 my
                 conjectures
                 inclin'd
                 me
                 much
                 to
                 preferr
                 the
                 way
                 describ'd
                 in
                 the
                 following
                 Account
                 .
              
               
                 We
                 carefully
                 weigh'd
                 out
                 in
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 tender
                 Scales
                 one
                 grain
                 of
                 Copper
                 not-calcin'd
                 ,
                 but
                 barely
                 fil'd
                 ;
                 and
                 because
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 made
                 choice
                 of
                 this
                 Metal
                 for
                 its
                 yielding
                 in
                 most
                 Menstruums
                 a
                 Blew
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 deep
                 and
                 conspicuous
                 colour
                 ;
                 we
                 also
                 chose
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 solution
                 ,
                 not
                 in
                 
                   Aqua
                   fortis
                
                 or
                 
                   Aqua
                   regis
                
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Spirit
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 (
                 as
                 that
                 is
                 an
                 urinous
                 Spirit
                 ,
                 )
                 having
                 found
                 by
                 former
                 tryals
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 Menstruum
                 would
                 give
                 a
                 far
                 deeper
                 solution
                 than
                 either
                 of
                 the
                 others
                 .
                 This
                 lovely
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 we
                 us'd
                 a
                 good
                 proportion
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 the
                 Copper
                 might
                 be
                 throughly
                 dissolved
                 ,
                 we
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 tall
                 cylindrical
                 Glass
                 of
                 about
                 four
                 inches
                 in
                 Diameter
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 degrees
                 pour'd
                 to
                 it
                 of
                 distill'd
                 
                 Water
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 more
                 proper
                 in
                 this
                 case
                 than
                 common
                 Water
                 ,
                 which
                 has
                 oftentimes
                 an
                 inconvenient
                 Saltishness
                 ,
                 'till
                 we
                 had
                 almost
                 fill'd
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 and
                 saw
                 the
                 colour
                 grow
                 somewhat
                 pale
                 ,
                 without
                 being
                 too
                 dilute
                 to
                 be
                 manifest
                 ;
                 and
                 then
                 we
                 warily
                 pour'd
                 this
                 liquor
                 into
                 a
                 conical
                 Glass
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 might
                 be
                 the
                 more
                 easie
                 to
                 fill
                 the
                 vessel
                 several
                 times
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 height
                 .
                 This
                 conical
                 Glass
                 we
                 filled
                 to
                 a
                 certain
                 mark
                 four
                 times
                 consecutively
                 ,
                 weighing
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 liquor
                 too
                 ,
                 as
                 often
                 in
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 excellent
                 Scales
                 purposely
                 made
                 for
                 Statical
                 experiments
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 ,
                 though
                 strong
                 enough
                 to
                 weigh
                 some
                 pounds
                 in
                 each
                 Scale
                 ,
                 would
                 ,
                 when
                 not
                 too
                 much
                 loaden
                 ,
                 turn
                 with
                 about
                 one
                 grain
                 .
                 These
                 several
                 weights
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 contained
                 liquor
                 ,
                 we
                 added
                 together
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 carefully
                 weighing
                 the
                 empty
                 Glass
                 again
                 ,
                 we
                 deducted
                 four
                 times
                 its
                 weight
                 from
                 the
                 above-mentioned
                 summ
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 found
                 the
                 weight
                 of
                 the
                 liquor
                 alone
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 that
                 ,
                 which
                 
                 reduc'd
                 to
                 grains
                 amounted
                 to
                 28534
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 a
                 grain
                 of
                 Copper
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 not
                 full
                 half
                 so
                 heavy
                 
                   in
                   specie
                
                 as
                 fine
                 Gold
                 ,
                 communicated
                 a
                 Tincture
                 to
                 28534
                 times
                 its
                 weight
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 now
                 if
                 you
                 please
                 to
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 scope
                 of
                 my
                 Experiment
                 was
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 into
                 what
                 a
                 number
                 of
                 parts
                 one
                 grain
                 of
                 Copper
                 might
                 be
                 divided
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 allow
                 me
                 to
                 consider
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 did
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 multitude
                 of
                 parts
                 must
                 be
                 estimated
                 by
                 the
                 Proportion
                 ,
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 in
                 weight
                 as
                 in
                 bulk
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 tinging
                 Metal
                 to
                 the
                 tinged
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 ,
                 since
                 that
                 divers
                 Hydrostatical
                 tryals
                 have
                 inform'd
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 weight
                 of
                 Copper
                 to
                 the
                 weight
                 of
                 Water
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 bulk
                 is
                 proximè
                 as
                 9
                 to
                 1
                 ,
                 a
                 grain-weight
                 of
                 Copper
                 is
                 in
                 bigness
                 but
                 the
                 ninth
                 part
                 of
                 as
                 much
                 Water
                 as
                 weighs
                 a
                 grain
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 the
                 formerly
                 mention'd
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 grains
                 of
                 Water
                 must
                 be
                 multiplied
                 by
                 9
                 ,
                 to
                 give
                 us
                 the
                 Proportion
                 between
                 the
                 tinging
                 and
                 tinged
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 single
                 grain
                 of
                 
                 Copper
                 gave
                 a
                 blewness
                 to
                 above
                 256806
                 parts
                 of
                 limpid
                 Water
                 ,
                 each
                 of
                 them
                 as
                 big
                 as
                 it
                 .
                 Which
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 may
                 seem
                 stupendious
                 ,
                 and
                 scarce
                 credible
                 ;
                 yet
                 I
                 thought
                 fit
                 to
                 prosecute
                 the
                 Experiment
                 somewhat
                 farther
                 ,
                 by
                 pouring
                 all
                 the
                 liquor
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 tall
                 cylindrical
                 Glass
                 into
                 another
                 clean
                 vessel
                 ,
                 whence
                 filling
                 the
                 conical
                 Glass
                 twice
                 ,
                 and
                 emptying
                 it
                 as
                 often
                 into
                 the
                 same
                 cylindrical
                 Glass
                 ,
                 the
                 third
                 time
                 I
                 fill'd
                 the
                 conical
                 Glass
                 with
                 colourless
                 distill'd
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 pouring
                 that
                 also
                 into
                 the
                 cylindrical
                 Glass
                 ,
                 we
                 found
                 the
                 mixt
                 liquor
                 to
                 have
                 yet
                 a
                 manifest
                 ,
                 though
                 but
                 a
                 pale
                 ,
                 blewness
                 .
                 And
                 ,
                 lastly
                 ,
                 throwing
                 away
                 what
                 was
                 in
                 the
                 cylindrical
                 Glass
                 ,
                 we
                 poured
                 into
                 it
                 ,
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 conical
                 Glass
                 ,
                 equal
                 parts
                 of
                 distill'd
                 colourless
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 tincted
                 Liquor
                 we
                 had
                 formerly
                 set
                 apart
                 in
                 the
                 clean
                 Vessel
                 ,
                 and
                 found
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 colour
                 were
                 very
                 faint
                 and
                 dilute
                 ,
                 yet
                 an
                 attentive
                 Eye
                 could
                 easily
                 discern
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 blewish
                 ;
                 and
                 so
                 it
                 was
                 judg'd
                 
                 by
                 an
                 intelligent
                 Stranger
                 that
                 was
                 brought
                 in
                 to
                 look
                 upon
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 desir'd
                 to
                 discover
                 of
                 what
                 colour
                 he
                 thought
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 .
                 Whereby
                 it
                 appears
                 ,
                 that
                 one
                 grain
                 of
                 Copper
                 was
                 able
                 to
                 impart
                 a
                 colour
                 to
                 above
                 double
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 Water
                 above
                 mentioned
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Experiment
                 I
                 have
                 allow'd
                 my self
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 longer
                 and
                 more
                 particular
                 in
                 relating
                 ,
                 both
                 because
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 ,
                 that
                 any
                 such
                 has
                 been
                 hitherto
                 either
                 made
                 or
                 attempted
                 ,
                 and
                 because
                 it
                 will
                 probably
                 gratifie
                 your
                 Chymists
                 ,
                 that
                 love
                 to
                 have
                 the
                 Tinctures
                 of
                 Metals
                 believ'd
                 very
                 diffusive
                 ;
                 and
                 because
                 ,
                 if
                 Circumstances
                 were
                 not
                 added
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 seem
                 to
                 you
                 as
                 well
                 incredible
                 ,
                 as
                 perhaps
                 it
                 does
                 seem
                 stupendious
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 portion
                 of
                 matter
                 should
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 impart
                 a
                 conspicuous
                 colour
                 to
                 above
                 256806
                 times
                 its
                 bulk
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 manifest
                 tincture
                 to
                 above
                 385200
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 so
                 it
                 did
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 proportion
                 of
                 the
                 ting'd
                 part
                 to
                 the
                 whole
                 mixture
                 ,
                 made
                 of
                 it
                 and
                 the
                 unting'd
                 
                 part
                 ,
                 was
                 as
                 2
                 to
                 31
                 ,
                 )
                 and
                 a
                 faint
                 ,
                 but
                 yet
                 discernible
                 and
                 distinguishable
                 colour
                 to
                 above
                 five
                 hundred
                 and
                 thirteen
                 thousand
                 six
                 hundred
                 and
                 twenty
                 times
                 its
                 bulk
                 of
                 Water
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 IV.
                 
              
               
                 IT
                 were
                 easie
                 for
                 me
                 
                   (
                   Pyroph
                   .
                
                 )
                 to
                 give
                 you
                 several
                 Instances
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 Liquors
                 may
                 get
                 in
                 at
                 the
                 Pores
                 of
                 Bodies
                 that
                 are
                 reputed
                 of
                 a
                 close
                 Texture
                 ,
                 but
                 I
                 shall
                 at
                 present
                 forbear
                 to
                 mention
                 such
                 Examples
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 because
                 they
                 belong
                 to
                 another
                 place
                 *
                 ,
                 where
                 I
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 because
                 many
                 such
                 would
                 not
                 seem
                 so
                 remarkable
                 ,
                 nor
                 be
                 so
                 considerable
                 to
                 our
                 present
                 purpose
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 few
                 taken
                 from
                 Bodies
                 that
                 are
                 
                   not
                   Fluid
                
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 first
                 ,
                 it
                 is
                 deliver'd
                 by
                 Writers
                 
                 of
                 good
                 credit
                 ,
                 that
                 several
                 Persons
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 the
                 Experiment
                 does
                 not
                 hold
                 in
                 all
                 )
                 by
                 barely
                 holding
                 for
                 some
                 time
                 dryed
                 Cantharides
                 in
                 their
                 hands
                 ,
                 have
                 been
                 put
                 to
                 much
                 pain
                 at
                 the
                 neck
                 of
                 the
                 Bladder
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 had
                 some
                 other
                 parts
                 ministring
                 to
                 the
                 secretion
                 of
                 Urine
                 sensibly
                 injured
                 .
                 That
                 this
                 is
                 true
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 induced
                 to
                 believe
                 ,
                 by
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 related
                 to
                 you
                 of
                 the
                 unwelcome
                 experiment
                 I
                 had
                 of
                 the
                 effect
                 of
                 Cantharides
                 applied
                 but
                 outwardly
                 to
                 my
                 neck
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 unknown
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 Urinary
                 Passages
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 these
                 Operations
                 are
                 due
                 to
                 material
                 Effluxes
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 to
                 get
                 into
                 the
                 Mass
                 of
                 Blood
                 ,
                 must
                 pass
                 through
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 the
                 skin
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 not
                 ,
                 I
                 presume
                 ,
                 put
                 me
                 to
                 prove
                 .
              
               
                 Scaliger
                 Exercit.
                 186.
                 relates
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 Gascony
                 ,
                 his
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 Spiders
                 of
                 that
                 virulency
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 if
                 a
                 man
                 treads
                 upon
                 them
                 to
                 crush
                 them
                 ,
                 their
                 poyson
                 will
                 pass
                 through
                 the
                 very
                 soles
                 of
                 his
                 Shooes
                 .
                 Which
                 story
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 the
                 Reputation
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Author
                 ,
                 I
                 should
                 perhaps
                 have
                 left
                 unmention'd
                 ,
                 because
                 of
                 a
                 much
                 stranger
                 about
                 Spiders
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 relates
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Section
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 I
                 met
                 with
                 one
                 that
                 is
                 analogous
                 in
                 the
                 diligent
                 Piso's
                 late
                 History
                 of
                 Brasile
                 ;
                 where
                 ,
                 having
                 spoken
                 of
                 another
                 venemous
                 Fish
                 of
                 that
                 Country
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Antidotes
                 he
                 had
                 successfully
                 used
                 to
                 cure
                 the
                 hurts
                 it
                 inflicts
                 ,
                 he
                 proceeds
                 to
                 that
                 Fish
                 the
                 Natives
                 call
                 Amoreatim
                 ,
                 of
                 one
                 kind
                 whereof
                 ,
                 call'd
                 by
                 the
                 
                   Portugals
                   Peize
                   Sola
                
                 ,
                 his
                 words
                 are
                 these
                 ;
                 
                   Quae
                   mira
                   sanè
                   efficacia
                   non
                   solum
                   manum
                   vel
                   levissimo
                   attactu
                   ,
                   sed
                   &
                   pedem
                   ,
                   licet
                   optimè
                   calceatum
                   ,
                   Piscatoris
                   incautè
                   pisciculum
                   conterentis
                   ,
                   Paralysi
                   &
                   Stupore
                   afficit
                   ,
                   instar
                   Torpedinis
                   Europaeae
                   ,
                   sed
                   minus
                   durabili
                   .
                
                 Lib.
                 5.
                 cap.
                 14.
                 
              
               
                 What
                 I
                 shall
                 ere
                 long
                 have
                 occasion
                 to
                 tell
                 you
                 of
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 the
                 Torpedo
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 other
                 Animals
                 ,
                 to
                 affect
                 the
                 Hand
                 and
                 Arm
                 of
                 him
                 that
                 strikes
                 them
                 ,
                 seems
                 applicable
                 to
                 the
                 matter
                 under
                 consideration
                 :
                 For
                 ,
                 though
                 their
                 affecting
                 the
                 striker
                 at
                 
                 a
                 distance
                 ,
                 may
                 very
                 well
                 be
                 ascrib'd
                 to
                 the
                 stupefactive
                 or
                 other
                 venemous
                 Exhalations
                 that
                 expire
                 (
                 and
                 perhaps
                 are
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 darted
                 )
                 from
                 the
                 Animal
                 irritated
                 by
                 the
                 stroke
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 breath'd
                 in
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 air
                 they
                 infect
                 ;
                 yet
                 their
                 benumming
                 ,
                 or
                 otherwise
                 affecting
                 the
                 Arm
                 that
                 struck
                 them
                 ,
                 rather
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 part
                 ,
                 seems
                 to
                 argue
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 poysonous
                 steams
                 get
                 in
                 at
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 the
                 skin
                 of
                 the
                 Limb
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 stupifie
                 ,
                 or
                 otherwise
                 injure
                 ,
                 the
                 nervous
                 and
                 musculous
                 parts
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 Other
                 Examples
                 belonging
                 to
                 this
                 Section
                 may
                 be
                 referr'd
                 hither
                 from
                 divers
                 other
                 places
                 in
                 these
                 Papers
                 about
                 Occult
                 Qualities
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 I
                 shall
                 only
                 add
                 here
                 that
                 most
                 remarkable
                 Proof
                 ,
                 
                   That
                   some
                   Emanations
                   ,
                   even
                   of
                   solid
                   Bodies
                   ,
                   may
                   be
                   subtil
                   enough
                   to
                   get
                   through
                   the
                   pores
                   ,
                   even
                   of
                   the
                   closest
                   Bodies
                
                 ;
                 which
                 is
                 afforded
                 us
                 by
                 the
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 the
                 Loadstone
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 by
                 Magnetical
                 Writers
                 said
                 to
                 penetrate
                 without
                 resistance
                 all
                 kind
                 of
                 Bodies
                 .
                 And
                 
                 though
                 I
                 have
                 not
                 tryed
                 this
                 in
                 all
                 sorts
                 ,
                 yet
                 having
                 tryed
                 it
                 in
                 Metals
                 themselves
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 apt
                 to
                 think
                 ,
                 the
                 general
                 Rule
                 admits
                 of
                 very
                 few
                 Exceptions
                 ,
                 especially
                 ,
                 if
                 that
                 can
                 be
                 fully
                 made
                 out
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 affirm'd
                 about
                 the
                 perviousness
                 of
                 Glass
                 to
                 the
                 Effluxions
                 of
                 the
                 Loadstone
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 Glass
                 is
                 generally
                 reputed
                 to
                 be
                 as
                 close
                 a
                 Body
                 as
                 any
                 is
                 ,
                 but
                 (
                 which
                 weighs
                 more
                 with
                 me
                 )
                 I
                 have
                 by
                 Tryals
                 purposely
                 made
                 ,
                 had
                 occasion
                 to
                 admire
                 the
                 closeness
                 of
                 very
                 thin
                 pieces
                 of
                 Glass
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 reason
                 why
                 I
                 just
                 now
                 express'd
                 my self
                 with
                 an
                 If
                 ,
                 was
                 ,
                 because
                 I
                 was
                 not
                 entirely
                 satisfied
                 with
                 the
                 Proof
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 acquiesc'd
                 in
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 perviousness
                 of
                 Glass
                 ;
                 namely
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 Dials
                 and
                 Sea-Compasses
                 that
                 are
                 cover'd
                 with
                 plates
                 of
                 Glass
                 ,
                 the
                 Needle
                 may
                 be
                 readily
                 moved
                 to
                 and
                 fro
                 by
                 a
                 Loadstone
                 held
                 over
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 these
                 Plates
                 being
                 commonly
                 but
                 fasten'd
                 on
                 with
                 Wax
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 best
                 with
                 Cement
                 ,
                 a
                 Sceptick
                 may
                 pretend
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 magnetical
                 Effluvia
                 
                 pass
                 not
                 through
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 but
                 through
                 that
                 much
                 more
                 pervious
                 matter
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 imployed
                 to
                 secure
                 the
                 Commissures
                 ,
                 only
                 from
                 the
                 access
                 of
                 the
                 Air.
                 To
                 put
                 then
                 the
                 matter
                 past
                 doubt
                 ,
                 I
                 caused
                 some
                 Needles
                 to
                 be
                 Hermetically
                 seal'd
                 up
                 in
                 Glass-pipes
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 laid
                 upon
                 the
                 surface
                 of
                 water
                 (
                 whereon
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 the
                 bigness
                 of
                 the
                 Cavities
                 they
                 would
                 lightly
                 float
                 ,
                 )
                 the
                 included
                 Needles
                 did
                 not
                 only
                 readily
                 feel
                 the
                 virtue
                 of
                 an
                 externally
                 applied
                 Loadstone
                 ,
                 (
                 though
                 but
                 a
                 weak
                 one
                 )
                 but
                 complied
                 with
                 it
                 so
                 well
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 could
                 easily
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 the
                 Needle
                 ,
                 lead
                 ,
                 without
                 touching
                 it
                 ,
                 the
                 whole
                 Pipe
                 ,
                 this
                 was
                 shut
                 up
                 in
                 ,
                 to
                 what
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 surface
                 of
                 the
                 water
                 I
                 pleased
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 also
                 found
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 applying
                 a
                 better
                 Loadstone
                 to
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 sealed
                 Pipe
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 Needle
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 make
                 the
                 Needle
                 leap
                 up
                 from
                 the
                 lower
                 part
                 as
                 near
                 to
                 the
                 Loadstone
                 as
                 the
                 interposed
                 Glass
                 would
                 give
                 it
                 leave
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 I
                 thought
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 more
                 considerable
                 ,
                 to
                 manifest
                 that
                 the
                 
                 Magnetical
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 even
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 dull
                 Body
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Globe
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 would
                 also
                 penetrate
                 Glass
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 this
                 seem
                 difficult
                 to
                 be
                 tryed
                 ,
                 because
                 no
                 ordinary
                 Loadstone
                 ,
                 nor
                 any
                 Iron
                 touch'd
                 by
                 it
                 ,
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 imployed
                 to
                 work
                 on
                 the
                 included
                 Iron
                 ;
                 yet
                 I
                 thought
                 fit
                 to
                 attempt
                 it
                 after
                 this
                 manner
                 :
                 I
                 took
                 a
                 cylindrical
                 piece
                 of
                 Iron
                 of
                 about
                 the
                 bigness
                 of
                 ones
                 little
                 finger
                 ,
                 and
                 between
                 half
                 a
                 foot
                 and
                 foot
                 long
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 I
                 had
                 formerly
                 observed
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 unexcited
                 Iron
                 furthers
                 its
                 Operation
                 upon
                 excited
                 Needles
                 ,
                 )
                 and
                 having
                 Hermetically
                 seal'd
                 it
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 Glass-pipe
                 but
                 very
                 little
                 longer
                 than
                 it
                 ;
                 I
                 supposed
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 I
                 held
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 perpendicular
                 posture
                 ;
                 the
                 Magnetical
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 penetrating
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 would
                 make
                 the
                 lower
                 extreme
                 of
                 the
                 Iron
                 answerable
                 to
                 the
                 North
                 Pole
                 ;
                 and
                 therefore
                 having
                 applied
                 this
                 to
                 the
                 point
                 of
                 the
                 Needle
                 in
                 a
                 Dial
                 ,
                 or
                 Sea-Compass
                 ,
                 that
                 look'd
                 toward
                 the
                 North
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 Authors
                 mean
                 not
                 all
                 the
                 same
                 thing
                 by
                 
                 the
                 Northern
                 Pole
                 of
                 a
                 Needle
                 or
                 Loadstone
                 ,
                 )
                 I
                 presum'd
                 it
                 would
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 Laws
                 Magnetical
                 (
                 elsewhere
                 mention'd
                 )
                 drive
                 it
                 away
                 ,
                 which
                 accordingly
                 it
                 did
                 .
                 And
                 having
                 for
                 farther
                 tryal
                 inverted
                 the
                 included
                 Iron
                 ,
                 (
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 end
                 which
                 was
                 formerly
                 the
                 lowermost
                 ,
                 was
                 now
                 the
                 uppermost
                 )
                 and
                 held
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 perpendicular
                 posture
                 just
                 under
                 the
                 same
                 point
                 of
                 the
                 Needle
                 ,
                 that
                 extreme
                 of
                 the
                 Iron-rod
                 ,
                 which
                 before
                 had
                 driven
                 away
                 this
                 point
                 ,
                 being
                 by
                 this
                 inversion
                 become
                 (
                 in
                 a
                 manner
                 )
                 a
                 South-Pole
                 ,
                 did
                 (
                 according
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 Laws
                 )
                 attract
                 it
                 :
                 By
                 which
                 sudden
                 change
                 of
                 Poles
                 ,
                 meerly
                 upon
                 the
                 change
                 of
                 situation
                 ,
                 it
                 also
                 appear'd
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Iron
                 ow'd
                 its
                 Virtue
                 only
                 to
                 the
                 Magnetism
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 not
                 that
                 of
                 another
                 Loadstone
                 ,
                 which
                 would
                 not
                 have
                 been
                 thus
                 easily
                 alterable
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 Experiment
                 I
                 the
                 more
                 particularly
                 relate
                 ,
                 because
                 this
                 is
                 not
                 the
                 only
                 place
                 ,
                 where
                 I
                 have
                 occasion
                 to
                 make
                 use
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 CHAP.
                 V.
                 
              
               
                 ANother
                 proof
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 Subtilty
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 taken
                 from
                 the
                 small
                 Decrement
                 of
                 weight
                 or
                 bulk
                 that
                 a
                 Body
                 may
                 suffer
                 by
                 parting
                 with
                 great
                 store
                 of
                 such
                 Emanations
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 which
                 infus'd
                 in
                 Liquors
                 impregnate
                 them
                 with
                 new
                 Qualities
                 suitable
                 to
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 immers'd
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 do
                 so
                 by
                 imparting
                 to
                 them
                 somewhat
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 Substance
                 ,
                 will
                 ,
                 I
                 presume
                 ,
                 be
                 readily
                 granted
                 by
                 those
                 that
                 conceive
                 not
                 ,
                 how
                 one
                 Body
                 should
                 communicate
                 to
                 another
                 a
                 solitary
                 and
                 naked
                 Quality
                 ,
                 unaccompanied
                 by
                 any
                 thing
                 Corporeal
                 to
                 support
                 and
                 convey
                 it
                 .
                 But
                 I
                 would
                 not
                 have
                 you
                 think
                 ,
                 Pyrophilus
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 only
                 matter
                 of
                 fact
                 I
                 have
                 to
                 countenance
                 this
                 notion
                 ,
                 is
                 that
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 which
                 has
                 convinc'd
                 divers
                 Chymists
                 and
                 Physicians
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 
                 not
                 friends
                 to
                 the
                 Corpuscular
                 Philosophy
                 ,
                 that
                 Medicines
                 may
                 operate
                 without
                 any
                 consumption
                 of
                 themselves
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 though
                 divers
                 of
                 these
                 ,
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 Learned
                 men
                 ,
                 have
                 confidently
                 written
                 ,
                 that
                 
                   Glass
                   of
                   Antimony
                
                 and
                 
                   Crocus
                   Metallorum
                
                 ,
                 being
                 either
                 of
                 them
                 infus'd
                 in
                 a
                 great
                 proportion
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 will
                 make
                 it
                 vomitive
                 ;
                 and
                 if
                 that
                 liquor
                 be
                 poured
                 off
                 ,
                 and
                 new
                 be
                 poured
                 on
                 ,
                 every
                 new
                 portion
                 of
                 such
                 liquor
                 will
                 be
                 impregnated
                 with
                 the
                 same
                 virtue
                 ,
                 and
                 this
                 though
                 the
                 liquor
                 be
                 chang'd
                 a
                 thousand
                 times
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 the
                 
                   Antimonial
                   Glass
                
                 or
                 Crocus
                 will
                 continue
                 the
                 same
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 weight
                 as
                 virtue
                 ;
                 and
                 though
                 thence
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 especially
                 Chymists
                 ,
                 argue
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 Metals
                 without
                 imparting
                 any
                 thing
                 substantial
                 ,
                 but
                 only
                 ,
                 as
                 Helmont
                 speaks
                 of
                 some
                 of
                 his
                 Arcana
                 ,
                 by
                 irradiation
                 :
                 Yet
                 ,
                 I
                 confess
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 some
                 doubts
                 ,
                 whether
                 the
                 Experiment
                 have
                 been
                 competently
                 tryed
                 ,
                 and
                 shall
                 not
                 fully
                 acquiesce
                 in
                 what
                 has
                 been
                 said
                 ,
                 till
                 some
                 skilful
                 Experimenter
                 deliver
                 it
                 upon
                 his
                 
                 own
                 Tryal
                 ,
                 and
                 acquaint
                 us
                 too
                 ,
                 with
                 what
                 Instruments
                 and
                 what
                 Circumspection
                 he
                 made
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 besides
                 that
                 the
                 Ingeniousest
                 Physicians
                 I
                 have
                 question'd
                 about
                 it
                 ,
                 acknowledg'd
                 the
                 Tast
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 the
                 Colour
                 of
                 the
                 Wine
                 to
                 be
                 alter'd
                 by
                 the
                 infus'd
                 Mineral
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 not
                 acquiesce
                 in
                 the
                 affirmation
                 of
                 an
                 ordinary
                 Chymist
                 or
                 Apothecary
                 ,
                 or
                 even
                 Physician
                 ,
                 if
                 he
                 should
                 barely
                 averr
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 had
                 weigh'd
                 an
                 Antimonial
                 Medicine
                 before
                 't
                 was
                 put
                 to
                 infuse
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 the
                 infusion
                 ended
                 ,
                 and
                 observ'd
                 no
                 decrement
                 of
                 weight
                 .
                 For
                 I
                 have
                 had
                 too
                 much
                 experience
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 elsewhere
                 mention
                 )
                 of
                 the
                 difficulty
                 of
                 making
                 exact
                 Statical
                 tryals
                 ;
                 not
                 to
                 know
                 ,
                 that
                 such
                 Scales
                 ,
                 as
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 imployed
                 by
                 Chymists
                 and
                 Apothecaries
                 in
                 weighing
                 Drugs
                 ,
                 are
                 by
                 no
                 means
                 fit
                 to
                 make
                 tryals
                 with
                 the
                 nicety
                 which
                 that
                 I
                 am
                 speaking
                 of
                 requires
                 :
                 It
                 being
                 easie
                 ,
                 even
                 with
                 the
                 better
                 sort
                 of
                 such
                 unaccurate
                 Scales
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 not
                 suspended
                 from
                 some
                 fixt
                 thing
                 ,
                 
                 but
                 held
                 with
                 the
                 hand
                 ,
                 to
                 mistake
                 half
                 a
                 grain
                 or
                 a
                 grain
                 ;
                 and
                 perhaps
                 a
                 greater
                 quantity
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 least
                 more
                 than
                 by
                 divers
                 of
                 the
                 Experiments
                 of
                 this
                 Essay
                 appears
                 necessary
                 to
                 be
                 spent
                 upon
                 the
                 impregnating
                 of
                 a
                 considerable
                 proportion
                 of
                 Liquor
                 with
                 Corporeal
                 Effluxions
                 .
                 Besides
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 beaten
                 Crocus
                 or
                 Glass
                 be
                 taken
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Wine
                 to
                 be
                 weigh'd
                 again
                 ,
                 the
                 Experimenter
                 be
                 not
                 cautious
                 enough
                 to
                 make
                 allowance
                 for
                 the
                 Liquor
                 that
                 will
                 adhere
                 to
                 the
                 Medicament
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 plain
                 that
                 he
                 may
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 no
                 decrement
                 of
                 weight
                 ,
                 though
                 there
                 may
                 be
                 really
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 the
                 Mineral
                 amounting
                 to
                 several
                 grains
                 ,
                 imbib'd
                 by
                 the
                 Liquor
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 he
                 be
                 aware
                 of
                 this
                 ,
                 and
                 dry
                 the
                 powder
                 ,
                 yet
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 so
                 easie
                 ,
                 even
                 for
                 a
                 skilful
                 man
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 sure
                 that
                 none
                 of
                 the
                 more
                 viscous
                 particles
                 of
                 the
                 Liquor
                 stick
                 to
                 the
                 Mineral
                 ,
                 and
                 being
                 sensible
                 upon
                 the
                 Ballance
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 to
                 the
                 Eye
                 or
                 Hand
                 ,
                 repair
                 the
                 recess
                 of
                 those
                 emetick
                 Corpuscles
                 that
                 diffus'd
                 
                 themselves
                 into
                 the
                 Menstruum
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 sense
                 of
                 these
                 difficulties
                 put
                 me
                 upon
                 the
                 attempting
                 to
                 make
                 so
                 noble
                 an
                 Experiment
                 with
                 excellent
                 Scales
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 care
                 that
                 it
                 deserves
                 :
                 But
                 after
                 a
                 long
                 tryal
                 ,
                 an
                 unlucky
                 accident
                 frustrated
                 at
                 last
                 my
                 endeavours
                 .
                 But
                 though
                 ,
                 till
                 competent
                 Relators
                 give
                 us
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 this
                 matter
                 upon
                 their
                 own
                 tryal
                 ,
                 and
                 repeat
                 the
                 Infusion
                 very
                 much
                 oftener
                 ,
                 than
                 ,
                 for
                 ought
                 I
                 find
                 ,
                 any
                 man
                 has
                 yet
                 done
                 ,
                 I
                 must
                 not
                 acquiesce
                 in
                 all
                 that
                 is
                 said
                 of
                 the
                 Impregnation
                 of
                 Wine
                 or
                 other
                 Liquors
                 by
                 
                   Antimonial
                   Glass
                
                 and
                 
                   Crocus
                   Metallorum
                
                 ;
                 yet
                 that
                 after
                 divers
                 repeated
                 Infusions
                 the
                 Mineral
                 substance
                 should
                 not
                 be
                 sensibly
                 diminish'd
                 in
                 bulk
                 or
                 virtue
                 ,
                 may
                 well
                 suffice
                 to
                 make
                 this
                 Instance
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 the
                 only
                 or
                 chief
                 that
                 may
                 be
                 brought
                 for
                 our
                 purpose
                 ,
                 yet
                 a
                 pertinent
                 one
                 to
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 powerful
                 Emetick
                 Quality
                 imparted
                 to
                 the
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 is
                 manifest
                 by
                 experience
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 Mineral
                 does
                 not
                 impart
                 this
                 virtue
                 
                 as
                 't
                 were
                 by
                 irradiation
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 substantial
                 effluxion
                 ,
                 seems
                 to
                 me
                 very
                 probable
                 ;
                 not
                 only
                 because
                 I
                 conceive
                 not
                 ,
                 how
                 this
                 can
                 be
                 done
                 otherwise
                 ,
                 but
                 because
                 ,
                 as
                 't
                 is
                 noted
                 above
                 ,
                 the
                 Wine
                 does
                 oftentimes
                 change
                 colour
                 by
                 being
                 kept
                 a
                 competent
                 time
                 upon
                 the
                 Mineral
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 it
                 drew
                 thence
                 a
                 Tincture
                 ;
                 and
                 even
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 not
                 discolour'd
                 ,
                 I
                 think
                 it
                 unsafe
                 to
                 conclude
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Menstruum
                 has
                 not
                 wrought
                 upon
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 I
                 have
                 kept
                 good
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Vinegar
                 for
                 a
                 considerable
                 time
                 upon
                 finely
                 powder'd
                 Glass
                 of
                 Antimony
                 made
                 
                   per
                   se
                
                 ,
                 without
                 finding
                 the
                 Spirit
                 to
                 be
                 at
                 all
                 ting'd
                 ,
                 though
                 't
                 is
                 known
                 ,
                 that
                 Antimonial
                 Glass
                 is
                 soluble
                 in
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Vinegar
                 ,
                 as
                 mine
                 afterwards
                 appear'd
                 to
                 be
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 longer
                 digestion
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Liquor
                 .
                 But
                 there
                 may
                 be
                 a
                 great
                 number
                 of
                 minute
                 particles
                 dissolved
                 in
                 the
                 Menstruum
                 before
                 they
                 be
                 numerous
                 enough
                 to
                 change
                 the
                 Colour
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 And
                 with
                 this
                 agrees
                 very
                 well
                 what
                 is
                 observ'd
                 ,
                 That
                 though
                 too
                 great
                 a
                 quantity
                 of
                 the
                 
                 prepar'd
                 Antimony
                 be
                 put
                 into
                 the
                 liquor
                 ,
                 yet
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 thereby
                 made
                 too
                 strongly
                 Emetick
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 Wine
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 Menstruum
                 ,
                 will
                 ,
                 like
                 other
                 Menstruums
                 ,
                 be
                 impregnated
                 but
                 to
                 a
                 certain
                 measure
                 ,
                 without
                 dissolving
                 the
                 overplus
                 of
                 the
                 matter
                 that
                 is
                 put
                 into
                 it
                 .
                 And
                 Mars
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 harder
                 and
                 heavier
                 body
                 than
                 Glass
                 of
                 Antimony
                 ,
                 is
                 it self
                 in
                 part
                 soluble
                 in
                 good
                 Rhenish
                 or
                 other
                 white
                 Wine
                 ,
                 (
                 and
                 that
                 in
                 no
                 long
                 time
                 ,
                 )
                 and
                 sometimes
                 even
                 in
                 Water
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 therefore
                 reject
                 the
                 Emetick
                 Infusion
                 ,
                 as
                 unfit
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 place
                 in
                 this
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 but
                 till
                 the
                 experiment
                 have
                 been
                 a
                 little
                 more
                 accurately
                 made
                 ,
                 I
                 think
                 it
                 inferiour
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 our
                 purpose
                 ,
                 to
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Instances
                 to
                 be
                 met
                 with
                 in
                 the
                 next
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 and
                 perhaps
                 also
                 to
                 that
                 mention'd
                 by
                 Helmont
                 ,
                 and
                 tryed
                 by
                 more
                 than
                 one
                 of
                 my
                 Acquaintance
                 ,
                 concerning
                 the
                 Virtue
                 of
                 killing
                 Worms
                 ,
                 that
                 Mercury
                 imparts
                 to
                 the
                 water
                 or
                 wine
                 wherein
                 it
                 has
                 been
                 long
                 enough
                 infus'd
                 ,
                 or
                 else
                 for
                 
                 a
                 while
                 decocted
                 .
                 Though
                 Quicksilver
                 given
                 in
                 substance
                 is
                 commended
                 as
                 an
                 effectual
                 Medicine
                 against
                 Worms
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 by
                 many
                 profest
                 *
                 Spagyrists
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 divers
                 **
                 Methodists
                 of
                 good
                 Note
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 ,
                 some
                 other
                 things
                 ,
                 Chymical
                 and
                 Philosophical
                 ,
                 keep
                 me
                 from
                 being
                 of
                 their
                 opinion
                 ,
                 who
                 think
                 that
                 in
                 this
                 case
                 the
                 Mercury
                 impregnates
                 the
                 liquor
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 by
                 Irradiation
                 ,
                 rather
                 than
                 in
                 a
                 Corporeal
                 manner
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 Eye
                 does
                 not
                 perceive
                 ,
                 that
                 even
                 limpid
                 water
                 takes
                 any
                 thing
                 from
                 clean
                 and
                 well
                 purg'd
                 Mercury
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 know
                 that
                 divers
                 corrosive
                 liquors
                 themselves
                 will
                 not
                 work
                 upon
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 this
                 Instance
                 I
                 must
                 add
                 one
                 that
                 is
                 yet
                 freer
                 from
                 exceptions
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 having
                 for
                 Curiosity
                 sake
                 suspended
                 in
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 exact
                 Scales
                 ,
                 that
                 would
                 turn
                 with
                 a
                 very
                 small
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 grain
                 ,
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Amber-greece
                 bigger
                 than
                 a
                 Walnut
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 weighing
                 betwixt
                 an
                 hundred
                 and
                 six-score
                 grains
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 not
                 in
                 three
                 days
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 that
                 I
                 had
                 opportunity
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 tryal
                 ,
                 discover
                 ,
                 even
                 upon
                 that
                 Ballance
                 ,
                 any
                 decrement
                 of
                 weight
                 in
                 the
                 Amber-greece
                 ;
                 though
                 so
                 rich
                 a
                 perfume
                 ,
                 lying
                 in
                 the
                 open
                 Air
                 ,
                 was
                 like
                 in
                 that
                 time
                 to
                 have
                 parted
                 with
                 good
                 store
                 of
                 odoriferous
                 Steams
                 .
                 And
                 a
                 while
                 after
                 suspending
                 a
                 Lump
                 of
                 
                   Assa
                   foetida
                
                 five
                 days
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 ,
                 I
                 found
                 it
                 not
                 to
                 have
                 sustain'd
                 any
                 discernible
                 loss
                 of
                 weight
                 ,
                 though
                 ,
                 in
                 spite
                 of
                 the
                 unfavourable
                 cold
                 weather
                 ,
                 it
                 had
                 about
                 it
                 a
                 neighbouring
                 Atmosphere
                 replenish'd
                 with
                 foetid
                 exhalations
                 .
                 And
                 when
                 twelve
                 or
                 fourteen
                 hours
                 after
                 ,
                 perhaps
                 upon
                 some
                 change
                 of
                 weather
                 ,
                 I
                 came
                 to
                 look
                 upon
                 it
                 ,
                 though
                 I
                 found
                 that
                 in
                 that
                 time
                 the
                 Aequilibrium
                 was
                 somewhat
                 alter'd
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 whole
                 Lump
                 had
                 not
                 lost
                 half
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 a
                 grain
                 ;
                 which
                 induc'd
                 me
                 to
                 think
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 may
                 perhaps
                 be
                 Steams
                 discernible
                 even
                 by
                 our
                 Nostrils
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 far
                 more
                 subtil
                 than
                 the
                 odorous
                 
                 exhalations
                 of
                 Spices
                 themselves
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 having
                 in
                 very
                 good
                 Scales
                 suspended
                 in
                 the
                 Month
                 of
                 March
                 an
                 ounce
                 of
                 Nutmegs
                 ,
                 it
                 lost
                 in
                 about
                 six
                 days
                 five
                 grains
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 .
                 And
                 an
                 ounce
                 of
                 Cloves
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 time
                 lost
                 seven
                 grains
                 and
                 five
                 eigths
                 .
              
               
                 You
                 will
                 perhaps
                 wonder
                 ,
                 why
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 preferr
                 to
                 the
                 Instances
                 I
                 make
                 mention
                 of
                 in
                 this
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 that
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 afforded
                 by
                 the
                 Loadstone
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 acknowledg'd
                 continually
                 to
                 emit
                 multitudes
                 of
                 Magnetical
                 Steams
                 without
                 decrement
                 of
                 weight
                 .
                 But
                 though
                 I
                 have
                 not
                 thought
                 fit
                 to
                 pass
                 this
                 wholly
                 under
                 silence
                 ;
                 yet
                 I
                 forbear
                 to
                 lay
                 so
                 much
                 stress
                 on
                 it
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 because
                 my
                 Ballances
                 have
                 not
                 yet
                 satisfied
                 me
                 about
                 the
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 Loadstones
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 I
                 take
                 them
                 not
                 all
                 to
                 be
                 equally
                 diffusive
                 of
                 their
                 Particles
                 ;
                 )
                 but
                 because
                 I
                 foresee
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 doubted
                 ,
                 whether
                 Loadstones
                 ,
                 like
                 odorous
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 do
                 furnish
                 afresh
                 of
                 their
                 own
                 ,
                 all
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 ▪
                 that
                 from
                 time
                 to
                 time
                 issue
                 from
                 them
                 ?
                 Or
                 ,
                 whether
                 
                 they
                 be
                 not
                 continually
                 repaired
                 ,
                 partly
                 by
                 the
                 return
                 of
                 the
                 Magnetical
                 Particles
                 to
                 one
                 Pole
                 that
                 sallied
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 other
                 ;
                 and
                 partly
                 by
                 the
                 continued
                 passage
                 of
                 Magnetical
                 matter
                 (
                 supplied
                 by
                 the
                 Earth
                 or
                 other
                 Mundane
                 Bodies
                 )
                 it
                 make
                 the
                 Pores
                 or
                 Channels
                 of
                 the
                 Loadstone
                 their
                 constant
                 Thorow-fares
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 doubt
                 not
                 but
                 it
                 will
                 make
                 it
                 more
                 probable
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 small
                 Quantity
                 of
                 matter
                 being
                 scatter'd
                 into
                 invisible
                 Effluvia
                 may
                 be
                 exceedingly
                 rarified
                 and
                 expanded
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 can
                 be
                 made
                 appear
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 little
                 portion
                 of
                 matter
                 shall
                 ,
                 for
                 a
                 considerable
                 time
                 ,
                 emit
                 multitudes
                 of
                 visible
                 parts
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 in
                 so
                 close
                 an
                 order
                 among
                 themselves
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 seem
                 in
                 their
                 Aggregate
                 but
                 one
                 intire
                 liquor
                 ,
                 endow'd
                 with
                 a
                 stream-like
                 motion
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 distinct
                 superficies
                 ,
                 wherein
                 no
                 interruption
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 seen
                 ,
                 even
                 by
                 an
                 Eye
                 plac'd
                 near
                 it
                 .
                 To
                 devise
                 this
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 I
                 was
                 induc'd
                 ,
                 by
                 considering
                 ,
                 that
                 hitherto
                 all
                 the
                 (
                 total
                 )
                 dissolutions
                 that
                 have
                 been
                 made
                 of
                 
                 Pigments
                 ,
                 have
                 been
                 in
                 liquors
                 naturally
                 cold
                 ,
                 and
                 consisting
                 probably
                 of
                 much
                 less
                 subtile
                 ,
                 and
                 certainly
                 of
                 much
                 less
                 agitated
                 parts
                 ,
                 than
                 that
                 fluid
                 aggregate
                 of
                 shining
                 matter
                 that
                 we
                 call
                 Flame
                 ;
                 whereas
                 I
                 argued
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 one
                 could
                 totally
                 dissolve
                 a
                 Body
                 compos'd
                 of
                 parts
                 so
                 minute
                 as
                 those
                 of
                 a
                 Metal
                 into
                 actual
                 Flame
                 ,
                 and
                 husband
                 its
                 Flame
                 so
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 it
                 should
                 not
                 immoderatly
                 waste
                 ,
                 I
                 should
                 thereby
                 dissolve
                 the
                 Metal
                 in
                 a
                 far
                 more
                 subtil
                 Menstruum
                 than
                 our
                 common
                 water
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Aqua
                   fortis
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Aqua
                   Regis
                
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 known
                 Menstruum
                 I
                 have
                 yet
                 imployed
                 .
                 And
                 consequently
                 the
                 attenuation
                 and
                 expansion
                 of
                 the
                 Metal
                 in
                 this
                 truly
                 Igneous
                 Menstruum
                 would
                 much
                 surpass
                 not
                 only
                 what
                 happens
                 in
                 ordinary
                 Metalline
                 solutions
                 ,
                 but
                 possibly
                 also
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 noted
                 in
                 the
                 third
                 Chapter
                 of
                 this
                 Essay
                 ,
                 about
                 the
                 strange
                 diffusion
                 of
                 Copper
                 dissolv'd
                 in
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Urine
                 and
                 Water
                 .
                 In
                 prosecution
                 of
                 this
                 design
                 ,
                 I
                 so
                 prepar'd
                 one
                 single
                 grain
                 of
                 that
                 
                 Metal
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 way
                 that
                 I
                 elsewhere
                 teach
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 dissolv'd
                 in
                 about
                 a
                 spoonful
                 of
                 an
                 appropriated
                 Menstruum
                 .
                 And
                 then
                 having
                 caus'd
                 a
                 small
                 Glass-lamp
                 to
                 be
                 purposely
                 blown
                 to
                 contain
                 this
                 liquor
                 ,
                 and
                 fitted
                 it
                 with
                 a
                 socket
                 and
                 wieck
                 ,
                 we
                 lighted
                 the
                 Lamp
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 without
                 consuming
                 the
                 wieck
                 ,
                 burnt
                 with
                 a
                 flame
                 large
                 enough
                 and
                 very
                 hot
                 ,
                 and
                 seem'd
                 to
                 be
                 all
                 the
                 while
                 of
                 a
                 greenish
                 blew
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 it
                 were
                 a
                 but
                 finer
                 and
                 shining
                 solution
                 of
                 Copper
                 .
                 And
                 yet
                 this
                 one
                 grain
                 of
                 prepar'd
                 Metal
                 ting'd
                 the
                 flame
                 that
                 was
                 from
                 moment
                 to
                 moment
                 produc'd
                 ,
                 during
                 no
                 less
                 than
                 half
                 an
                 hour
                 and
                 six
                 minutes
                 .
                 And
                 now
                 if
                 we
                 consider
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 this
                 flame
                 there
                 was
                 an
                 uninterrupted
                 Succession
                 of
                 multitudes
                 of
                 colour'd
                 Particles
                 newly
                 extricated
                 ,
                 and
                 flying
                 off
                 in
                 every
                 of
                 those
                 many
                 parts
                 wherein
                 a
                 minute
                 of
                 time
                 may
                 either
                 actually
                 or
                 mentally
                 be
                 divided
                 ;
                 and
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 consider
                 Flame
                 as
                 a
                 light
                 and
                 very
                 agitated
                 body
                 ,
                 passing
                 with
                 a
                 stream
                 upwards
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 if
                 we
                 also
                 consider
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 liquor
                 that
                 would
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 shall
                 by
                 and
                 by
                 tell
                 you
                 )
                 run
                 through
                 a
                 Pipe
                 of
                 a
                 much
                 lesser
                 diameter
                 than
                 that
                 Flame
                 ,
                 within
                 the
                 compass
                 of
                 the
                 forementioned
                 time
                 :
                 What
                 a
                 quantity
                 of
                 the
                 streaming
                 fluid
                 we
                 call
                 Flame
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 could
                 have
                 been
                 preserv'd
                 and
                 collected
                 into
                 one
                 Body
                 ,
                 may
                 we
                 suppose
                 would
                 appear
                 to
                 have
                 issued
                 out
                 of
                 one
                 grain
                 of
                 Copper
                 in
                 the
                 space
                 of
                 thirty-six
                 minutes
                 ;
                 and
                 what
                 a
                 multitude
                 of
                 metalline
                 Corpuscles
                 may
                 we
                 suppose
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 supplied
                 for
                 the
                 tinging
                 of
                 that
                 Flame
                 during
                 so
                 long
                 a
                 time
                 ?
                 since
                 a
                 Cylindrical
                 stream
                 of
                 water
                 falling
                 but
                 through
                 a
                 very
                 short
                 Pipe
                 of
                 glass
                 ,
                 constantly
                 supplied
                 with
                 liquors
                 ,
                 did
                 pass
                 at
                 such
                 a
                 rate
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 aqueous
                 Cylinder
                 seem'd
                 more
                 slender
                 by
                 half
                 ,
                 (
                 or
                 perhaps
                 by
                 two
                 thirds
                 or
                 better
                 )
                 than
                 the
                 Flame
                 ,
                 yet
                 we
                 estimated
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 a
                 Minute-watch
                 and
                 a
                 good
                 pair
                 of
                 Scales
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 had
                 had
                 conveniencies
                 to
                 let
                 it
                 run
                 long
                 enough
                 ,
                 the
                 water
                 efflux'd
                 in
                 thirty-six
                 
                 minutes
                 (
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 Flames
                 duration
                 )
                 would
                 have
                 amounted
                 to
                 above
                 nine
                 gallons
                 ,
                 or
                 ,
                 (
                 reckoning
                 a
                 pint
                 of
                 water
                 to
                 contain
                 a
                 pound
                 of
                 sixteen
                 ounces
                 )
                 seventy-two
                 pounds
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VI.
                 
              
               
                 THE
                 last
                 sort
                 of
                 Instances
                 I
                 shall
                 propose
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 strange
                 Subtilty
                 of
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 is
                 of
                 such
                 ,
                 as
                 discover
                 the
                 great
                 quantity
                 of
                 space
                 that
                 may
                 by
                 a
                 small
                 quantity
                 of
                 matter
                 ,
                 when
                 rarified
                 or
                 dispers'd
                 ,
                 be
                 either
                 fill'd
                 as
                 to
                 sense
                 ,
                 or
                 ,
                 at
                 least
                 ,
                 made
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 speak
                 )
                 the
                 sphear
                 of
                 its
                 activity
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 manifest
                 this
                 Truth
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 as
                 well
                 confirm
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 as
                 make
                 out
                 what
                 is
                 design'd
                 in
                 this
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 endeavour
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 and
                 help
                 your
                 imagination
                 to
                 conceive
                 ,
                 how
                 great
                 a
                 space
                 may
                 be
                 impregnated
                 with
                 the
                 Effluxions
                 of
                 a
                 Body
                 ,
                 oftentimes
                 without
                 any
                 sensible
                 ,
                 and
                 oftener
                 without
                 any
                 considerable
                 decrement
                 
                 in
                 bulk
                 or
                 weight
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 that
                 affords
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 in
                 order
                 to
                 this
                 ,
                 though
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 pretend
                 to
                 determine
                 precisely
                 how
                 little
                 the
                 substances
                 ,
                 I
                 am
                 to
                 instance
                 in
                 ,
                 would
                 waste
                 upon
                 the
                 Ballance
                 ,
                 because
                 you
                 will
                 very
                 easily
                 see
                 they
                 are
                 not
                 that
                 way
                 to
                 be
                 examin'd
                 ;
                 yet
                 I
                 presume
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 as
                 easily
                 grant
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 decrement
                 of
                 weight
                 would
                 be
                 but
                 inconsiderable
                 ,
                 since
                 of
                 such
                 light
                 substances
                 the
                 loss
                 even
                 of
                 bulk
                 is
                 so
                 ;
                 which
                 last
                 clause
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 attempt
                 to
                 make
                 good
                 ,
                 by
                 setting
                 down
                 some
                 Observations
                 ,
                 partly
                 borrow'd
                 from
                 the
                 writings
                 of
                 approv'd
                 Physicians
                 ,
                 and
                 partly
                 that
                 my
                 friends
                 and
                 I
                 have
                 made
                 about
                 the
                 durable
                 Evaporation
                 of
                 such
                 small
                 particles
                 of
                 the
                 Effluxions
                 of
                 Animals
                 ,
                 as
                 are
                 actually
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 discern'd
                 by
                 the
                 Eye
                 to
                 have
                 any
                 of
                 those
                 things
                 sticking
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 so
                 very
                 long
                 in
                 flying
                 successively
                 away
                 .
              
               
                 'T
                 is
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 somewhat
                 surprizing
                 to
                 men
                 of
                 Letters
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 first
                 go
                 a
                 hawking
                 with
                 good
                 Spaniels
                 ,
                 
                 to
                 observe
                 ,
                 with
                 how
                 great
                 sagacity
                 those
                 dogs
                 will
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 ,
                 and
                 distinguish
                 by
                 the
                 scent
                 ,
                 the
                 places
                 where
                 Partridges
                 ,
                 Quails
                 ,
                 &c.
                 have
                 lately
                 been
                 .
                 But
                 I
                 have
                 much
                 more
                 wonder'd
                 at
                 the
                 quick
                 scent
                 of
                 an
                 excellent
                 Setting-dog
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 his
                 way
                 of
                 ranging
                 the
                 fields
                 ,
                 and
                 his
                 other
                 motions
                 ,
                 especially
                 of
                 his
                 Head
                 ,
                 would
                 not
                 only
                 intimate
                 to
                 us
                 the
                 kinds
                 of
                 game
                 ,
                 whose
                 scent
                 he
                 chanc'd
                 to
                 light
                 on
                 ,
                 but
                 would
                 discover
                 to
                 us
                 where
                 Partridges
                 had
                 been
                 (
                 though
                 perhaps
                 without
                 staying
                 in
                 that
                 place
                 )
                 several
                 hours
                 before
                 ,
                 and
                 assist
                 us
                 to
                 guess
                 how
                 long
                 they
                 had
                 been
                 gone
                 before
                 we
                 came
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 have
                 had
                 strange
                 answers
                 given
                 me
                 in
                 Ireland
                 ,
                 by
                 those
                 who
                 make
                 a
                 gain
                 if
                 not
                 an
                 intire
                 livelihood
                 by
                 killing
                 of
                 Wolves
                 in
                 that
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 (
                 where
                 they
                 are
                 paid
                 so
                 much
                 for
                 every
                 head
                 they
                 bring
                 in
                 )
                 about
                 the
                 sagacity
                 of
                 that
                 peculiar
                 race
                 of
                 dogs
                 they
                 imploy
                 in
                 hunting
                 them
                 ;
                 but
                 not
                 trusting
                 much
                 to
                 those
                 Relators
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 very
                 sober
                 and
                 
                 discreet
                 Gentleman
                 of
                 my
                 acquaintance
                 ,
                 who
                 has
                 often
                 occasion
                 to
                 imploy
                 Blood-hounds
                 ,
                 assures
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 a
                 man
                 have
                 but
                 pass'd
                 over
                 a
                 field
                 ,
                 the
                 scent
                 will
                 lye
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 speak
                 )
                 so
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 perceptible
                 enough
                 to
                 a
                 good
                 dog
                 of
                 that
                 sort
                 for
                 several
                 hours
                 after
                 .
                 And
                 an
                 ingenious
                 Hunter
                 assures
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 has
                 observ'd
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 scent
                 of
                 a
                 flying
                 and
                 heated
                 Deer
                 will
                 sometimes
                 continue
                 upon
                 the
                 ground
                 from
                 one
                 day
                 to
                 the
                 next
                 following
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 now
                 we
                 may
                 consider
                 these
                 three
                 things
                 ;
                 First
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 substance
                 left
                 upon
                 the
                 grass
                 or
                 ground
                 by
                 the
                 transient
                 tread
                 of
                 a
                 Partridge
                 ,
                 Hare
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 animal
                 ,
                 that
                 does
                 but
                 pass
                 along
                 his
                 way
                 ,
                 does
                 probably
                 communicate
                 to
                 the
                 grass
                 or
                 ground
                 but
                 some
                 of
                 those
                 Effluxions
                 ,
                 that
                 transpire
                 out
                 of
                 his
                 feet
                 ,
                 which
                 being
                 small
                 enough
                 to
                 escape
                 the
                 discernment
                 of
                 the
                 Eye
                 ,
                 may
                 probably
                 not
                 amount
                 to
                 one
                 grain
                 in
                 weight
                 ,
                 or
                 perhaps
                 not
                 to
                 the
                 tenth
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 Next
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 parts
                 of
                 fluid
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 
                 as
                 such
                 ,
                 are
                 perpetually
                 in
                 motion
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 are
                 the
                 invisible
                 particles
                 that
                 swim
                 in
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 appear
                 by
                 the
                 dissolution
                 of
                 Salt
                 or
                 Sugar
                 in
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 wandering
                 of
                 aqueous
                 Vapours
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 even
                 when
                 the
                 Eye
                 perceives
                 them
                 not
                 .
                 And
                 thirdly
                 ,
                 That
                 though
                 the
                 Atmosphere
                 of
                 one
                 of
                 these
                 small
                 parcels
                 of
                 the
                 exhaling
                 matter
                 we
                 are
                 speaking
                 of
                 ,
                 may
                 oftentimes
                 be
                 exceeding
                 vast
                 in
                 comparison
                 of
                 the
                 emittent
                 Body
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 guess'd
                 by
                 the
                 distance
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 some
                 Setters
                 ,
                 or
                 Blood-hounds
                 ,
                 will
                 find
                 the
                 scent
                 of
                 a
                 Partridge
                 ,
                 or
                 Deer
                 ;
                 yet
                 in
                 places
                 expos'd
                 to
                 the
                 free
                 air
                 or
                 wind
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 very
                 likely
                 that
                 these
                 steams
                 are
                 assiduously
                 carried
                 away
                 from
                 their
                 Fountain
                 ,
                 to
                 maintain
                 the
                 fore-mention'd
                 Atmosphere
                 for
                 six
                 ,
                 eight
                 ,
                 or
                 more
                 hours
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 the
                 scent
                 has
                 been
                 observ'd
                 to
                 lye
                 ,
                 there
                 will
                 be
                 requisite
                 a
                 continual
                 recruit
                 of
                 steams
                 succeeding
                 one
                 another
                 And
                 that
                 so
                 very
                 small
                 a
                 portion
                 of
                 matter
                 as
                 that
                 which
                 we
                 were
                 saying
                 
                 the
                 fomes
                 of
                 these
                 steams
                 may
                 be
                 judg'd
                 to
                 be
                 ,
                 being
                 sensibly
                 to
                 impregnate
                 an
                 Atmosphere
                 incomparably
                 greater
                 than
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 supply
                 it
                 with
                 almost
                 continual
                 recruits
                 ,
                 we
                 cannot
                 but
                 think
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 steams
                 it
                 parts
                 with
                 ,
                 must
                 be
                 of
                 an
                 extreme
                 and
                 scarce
                 conceivable
                 minuteness
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 we
                 may
                 further
                 consider
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 substances
                 ,
                 which
                 emit
                 these
                 steams
                 ,
                 being
                 such
                 as
                 newly
                 belong'd
                 to
                 Animals
                 ,
                 and
                 were
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 ,
                 transpir'd
                 through
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 their
                 feet
                 ,
                 must
                 be
                 in
                 likelihood
                 a
                 far
                 more
                 evaporable
                 and
                 dissipable
                 kind
                 of
                 Bodies
                 than
                 Minerals
                 or
                 adust
                 Vegetables
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 Gunpowder
                 is
                 made
                 of
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 if
                 the
                 grains
                 of
                 Gunpowder
                 emit
                 Effluviums
                 capable
                 of
                 being
                 by
                 some
                 Animals
                 perceiv'd
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 by
                 their
                 smell
                 ,
                 one
                 may
                 probably
                 suppose
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 small
                 grains
                 of
                 this
                 powder
                 may
                 hold
                 out
                 very
                 many
                 times
                 longer
                 to
                 supply
                 an
                 Atmosphere
                 with
                 odorable
                 steams
                 ,
                 than
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 left
                 on
                 
                 the
                 ground
                 by
                 transient
                 Animals
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 though
                 it
                 be
                 generally
                 agree'd
                 on
                 ,
                 that
                 very
                 few
                 Birds
                 have
                 any
                 thing
                 near
                 so
                 quick
                 a
                 sense
                 of
                 smelling
                 as
                 Setting-dogs
                 or
                 Blood-hounds
                 ,
                 yet
                 that
                 the
                 odour
                 of
                 Gunpowder
                 ,
                 especially
                 when
                 assisted
                 by
                 the
                 steams
                 of
                 the
                 
                   Caput
                   mortuum
                
                 of
                 Powder
                 formerly
                 fir'd
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Gun
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 Fowls
                 be
                 smelt
                 at
                 a
                 notable
                 distance
                 ,
                 particularly
                 when
                 the
                 wind
                 blew
                 from
                 me
                 towards
                 them
                 ,
                 I
                 often
                 perswaded
                 my self
                 I
                 observ'd
                 ,
                 especially
                 as
                 to
                 Crows
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 went
                 a
                 shooting
                 ;
                 and
                 was
                 confirm'd
                 in
                 that
                 opinion
                 ,
                 both
                 by
                 the
                 common
                 Tradition
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 sober
                 and
                 ingenious
                 persons
                 much
                 exercis'd
                 in
                 the
                 killing
                 of
                 Wild-fowl
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 some
                 fourfooted
                 Beasts
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 had
                 forgotten
                 to
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 one
                 Observation
                 of
                 the
                 experienc'd
                 
                   Julius
                   Palmarius
                
                 :
                 Whence
                 we
                 may
                 learn
                 ,
                 that
                 Beasts
                 may
                 leave
                 upon
                 the
                 Vegetables
                 ,
                 that
                 have
                 touch'd
                 their
                 bodies
                 for
                 any
                 time
                 ,
                 such
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 as
                 ,
                 though
                 unheeded
                 by
                 
                 other
                 Animals
                 ,
                 may
                 ,
                 when
                 eaten
                 by
                 them
                 ,
                 produce
                 in
                 them
                 such
                 diseases
                 as
                 the
                 infected
                 Animals
                 had
                 .
                 For
                 this
                 Author
                 writes
                 in
                 his
                 useful
                 Tract
                 
                   de
                   morbis
                   Contagiosis
                
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 observ'd
                 Horses
                 ,
                 Beeves
                 ,
                 Sheep
                 and
                 other
                 Animals
                 ,
                 to
                 run
                 mad
                 upon
                 the
                 eating
                 of
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 straw
                 on
                 which
                 some
                 mad
                 Swine
                 had
                 layn
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 now
                 to
                 resume
                 and
                 prosecute
                 our
                 former
                 discourse
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 take
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 mention'd
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 smelt
                 by
                 Animals
                 ,
                 are
                 ,
                 though
                 invisible
                 ,
                 yet
                 big
                 enough
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 objects
                 of
                 sense
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 improbable
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 among
                 the
                 steams
                 that
                 no
                 sense
                 can
                 immediately
                 perceive
                 ,
                 there
                 should
                 be
                 some
                 far
                 more
                 subtil
                 than
                 these
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 capable
                 of
                 furnishing
                 an
                 Atmosphere
                 much
                 longer
                 ,
                 without
                 quite
                 exhausting
                 the
                 effluviating
                 matter
                 that
                 afforded
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 *
                 Forestus
                 ,
                 an
                 useful
                 Author
                 ,
                 recites
                 an
                 Example
                 of
                 Pestilential
                 contagion
                 long
                 preserv'd
                 in
                 a
                 Cobweb
                 .
              
               
               
                 
                   Alexander
                   Benedictus
                
                 writes
                 also
                 ,
                 that
                 at
                 Venice
                 a
                 Flock-bed
                 did
                 for
                 many
                 years
                 harbour
                 a
                 pestiferous
                 malignity
                 to
                 that
                 degree
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 afterwards
                 it
                 came
                 to
                 be
                 beaten
                 ,
                 it
                 presently
                 infected
                 the
                 by-standers
                 with
                 the
                 Plague
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 the
                 Learned
                 *
                 Sennertus
                 himself
                 relates
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 year
                 1542.
                 there
                 did
                 in
                 the
                 City
                 of
                 Uratislavia
                 (
                 vulgarly
                 
                   Breslaw
                   ,
                
                 )
                 where
                 he
                 afterwards
                 practised
                 Physick
                 ,
                 dye
                 of
                 the
                 Plague
                 ,
                 in
                 less
                 than
                 six
                 Months
                 ,
                 little
                 less
                 than
                 six
                 thousand
                 men
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 from
                 that
                 time
                 the
                 Pestilential
                 Contagion
                 was
                 kept
                 folded
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 linnen
                 cloth
                 about
                 fourteen
                 years
                 ,
                 and
                 at
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 that
                 time
                 being
                 display'd
                 in
                 another
                 City
                 ,
                 it
                 began
                 a
                 Plague
                 there
                 ,
                 which
                 infected
                 also
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Towns
                 and
                 other
                 places
                 .
              
               
                 *
                 Trincavella
                 makes
                 mention
                 of
                 a
                 yet
                 lastinger
                 Contagion
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 occasion'd
                 the
                 death
                 of
                 ten
                 thousand
                 
                 persons
                 )
                 that
                 lay
                 lurking
                 in
                 certain
                 Ropes
                 ,
                 with
                 which
                 at
                 Justinopolis
                 those
                 that
                 dy'd
                 of
                 the
                 Plague
                 had
                 been
                 let
                 down
                 into
                 their
                 Graves
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 ,
                 though
                 none
                 of
                 these
                 Relations
                 should
                 to
                 some
                 Criticks
                 appear
                 scarce
                 credible
                 ,
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 objected
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 these
                 things
                 ,
                 wherein
                 this
                 Contagion
                 resided
                 ,
                 were
                 kept
                 close
                 shut
                 up
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 least
                 were
                 not
                 expos'd
                 to
                 the
                 Air.
                 Wherefore
                 having
                 only
                 intimated
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 exception
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 think
                 is
                 not
                 irrational
                 ,
                 would
                 ,
                 though
                 never
                 so
                 true
                 ,
                 but
                 lessen
                 the
                 wonder
                 of
                 these
                 strange
                 Relations
                 ,
                 without
                 rendering
                 them
                 unfit
                 for
                 our
                 present
                 purpose
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 't
                 is
                 the
                 opinion
                 of
                 divers
                 Learned
                 Physicians
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 matter
                 harboring
                 Contagion
                 cannot
                 last
                 above
                 Twenty
                 or
                 a
                 few
                 more
                 days
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 Body
                 it
                 adheres
                 to
                 be
                 expos'd
                 to
                 the
                 free
                 air
                 and
                 the
                 wind
                 ,
                 and
                 though
                 I
                 am
                 not
                 forward
                 to
                 deny
                 ,
                 that
                 their
                 judgement
                 may
                 hold
                 in
                 ordinary
                 cases
                 ;
                 yet
                 I
                 must
                 not
                 deny
                 neither
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Contagion
                 may
                 sometimes
                 
                 happen
                 to
                 be
                 much
                 more
                 tenacious
                 and
                 obstinate
                 :
                 Of
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 give
                 but
                 that
                 one
                 ,
                 almost
                 recent
                 instance
                 observ'd
                 by
                 the
                 Learned
                 *
                 Dimmerbrook
                 in
                 his
                 own
                 Apothecary
                 ,
                 who
                 having
                 but
                 remov'd
                 with
                 his
                 foot
                 ,
                 from
                 one
                 side
                 to
                 the
                 other
                 of
                 a
                 little
                 Arbour
                 (
                 in
                 his
                 Garden
                 )
                 some
                 straw
                 ,
                 that
                 had
                 layn
                 under
                 the
                 Pallet
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 near
                 eight
                 Months
                 before
                 a
                 Bed
                 had
                 layn
                 ,
                 wherein
                 a
                 Servant
                 of
                 the
                 Apothecaries
                 ,
                 that
                 recover'd
                 ,
                 had
                 been
                 sick
                 of
                 the
                 Plague
                 ;
                 the
                 infectious
                 steams
                 presently
                 invaded
                 the
                 lower
                 part
                 of
                 his
                 leg
                 ,
                 and
                 produc'd
                 a
                 pungent
                 pain
                 and
                 blister
                 ,
                 which
                 turn'd
                 to
                 a
                 pestilential
                 Carbuncle
                 ,
                 that
                 could
                 scarce
                 be
                 cur'd
                 in
                 a
                 Fortnight
                 after
                 ,
                 though
                 during
                 that
                 time
                 the
                 Patient
                 were
                 neither
                 feaverish
                 ,
                 nor
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 his
                 Body
                 ,
                 ill
                 at
                 ease
                 .
                 This
                 memorable
                 instance
                 ,
                 together
                 with
                 some
                 others
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 kind
                 ,
                 that
                 our
                 Author
                 observed
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 City
                 (
                 of
                 Nimmegen
                 )
                 obtain'd
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 
                 extorted
                 ,
                 even
                 from
                 him
                 ,
                 this
                 Confession
                 ;
                 which
                 I
                 add
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 contains
                 some
                 considerable
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 yet
                 mentioned
                 Circumstances
                 of
                 the
                 recited
                 case
                 :
                 
                   Hoc
                   exemplo
                   Medicorum
                   Doctrina
                   de
                   Contagio
                   in
                   fomite
                   latente
                   satis
                   confirmatur
                   .
                   Mirum
                   tamen
                   est
                   ,
                   hoc
                   Contagium
                   tanto
                   tempore
                   in
                   praedicto
                   stramine
                   potuisse
                   subsistere
                   ,
                   utpote
                   quod
                   tota
                   hyeme
                   ventis
                   &
                   pluviis
                   ,
                
                 (
                 he
                 adds
                 in
                 another
                 place
                 )
                 
                   nivibus
                   &
                   frigori
                   ,
                   expositum
                   fuisset
                   .
                
              
               
                 And
                 now
                 I
                 will
                 shut
                 up
                 this
                 Chapter
                 with
                 an
                 instance
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 will
                 think
                 ,
                 perhaps
                 ,
                 no
                 less
                 strange
                 than
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 they
                 that
                 are
                 skilful
                 in
                 the
                 perfuming
                 of
                 Gloves
                 ,
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 imbue
                 them
                 with
                 but
                 an
                 inconsiderable
                 quantity
                 of
                 odoriferous
                 matter
                 ,
                 yet
                 I
                 have
                 by
                 me
                 a
                 pair
                 of
                 Spanish
                 Gloves
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 had
                 by
                 the
                 favour
                 of
                 your
                 fair
                 and
                 virtuous
                 Sister
                 
                   (
                   F.
                
                 )
                 that
                 were
                 so
                 skilfully
                 perfum'd
                 ,
                 that
                 partly
                 by
                 her
                 ,
                 partly
                 by
                 those
                 ,
                 that
                 presented
                 them
                 her
                 as
                 a
                 Rarity
                 ,
                 and
                 partly
                 by
                 me
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 kept
                 them
                 
                 several
                 Years
                 ,
                 they
                 have
                 been
                 kept
                 about
                 eight
                 or
                 nine
                 and
                 twenty
                 years
                 ,
                 if
                 not
                 thirty
                 ,
                 and
                 they
                 are
                 so
                 well
                 scented
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 ,
                 for
                 ought
                 I
                 know
                 ,
                 continue
                 fragrant
                 divers
                 years
                 longer
                 .
                 Which
                 instance
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 please
                 to
                 reflect
                 upon
                 ,
                 and
                 consider
                 ,
                 that
                 such
                 Gloves
                 cannot
                 have
                 been
                 carried
                 from
                 one
                 place
                 to
                 another
                 ,
                 or
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 uncover'd
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 must
                 often
                 have
                 been
                 )
                 in
                 the
                 free
                 Air
                 ,
                 without
                 diffusing
                 from
                 themselves
                 a
                 fragrant
                 Atmosphere
                 ,
                 we
                 cannot
                 but
                 conclude
                 those
                 odorous
                 Steams
                 to
                 be
                 unimaginably
                 subtile
                 ,
                 that
                 could
                 for
                 so
                 long
                 a
                 time
                 issue
                 out
                 in
                 such
                 swarms
                 ,
                 from
                 a
                 little
                 perfum'd
                 matter
                 lodged
                 in
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 a
                 Glove
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 leave
                 it
                 richly
                 stock'd
                 with
                 particles
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 nature
                 ;
                 though
                 ,
                 (
                 especially
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 some
                 removes
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 I
                 took
                 not
                 the
                 Gloves
                 along
                 with
                 me
                 ,
                 )
                 I
                 forgot
                 ever
                 since
                 I
                 had
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 keep
                 them
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 shut
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 Box.
                 
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
           
             
             
             
               Of
               the
               GREAT
               EFFICACY
               OF
               EFFLUVIUMS
               :
               BY
               The
               Honorable
               
                 ROBERT
                 BOYLE
              
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
             
               OF
               THE
               GREAT
               EFFICACY
               OF
               EFFLVVIVMS
               .
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 THey
                 that
                 are
                 wont
                 in
                 the
                 Estimates
                 they
                 make
                 of
                 Natural
                 Things
                 ,
                 to
                 trust
                 too
                 much
                 to
                 the
                 negative
                 informations
                 of
                 their
                 Senses
                 ,
                 without
                 sufficiently
                 consulting
                 their
                 Reason
                 ,
                 have
                 commonly
                 but
                 a
                 very
                 little
                 and
                 slight
                 opinion
                 of
                 the
                 Power
                 and
                 Efficacy
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ;
                 and
                 imagine
                 that
                 such
                 minute
                 Corpuscles
                 (
                 if
                 they
                 grant
                 that
                 there
                 are
                 such
                 ,
                 )
                 as
                 are
                 not
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 capable
                 to
                 work
                 upon
                 the
                 
                 tenderest
                 and
                 quickest
                 of
                 Senses
                 ,
                 the
                 Sight
                 ,
                 cannot
                 have
                 any
                 considerable
                 Operation
                 upon
                 other
                 Bodies
                 .
                 But
                 I
                 take
                 this
                 to
                 be
                 an
                 error
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 very
                 little
                 becomes
                 Philosophers
                 ,
                 so
                 it
                 has
                 done
                 no
                 little
                 prejudice
                 to
                 Philosophy
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 perhaps
                 to
                 Physick
                 too
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 though
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 my
                 design
                 at
                 present
                 did
                 not
                 require
                 it
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 importance
                 of
                 the
                 subject
                 would
                 invite
                 me
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 That
                 this
                 is
                 as
                 ill-gounded
                 as
                 prejudicial
                 a
                 Supposition
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 indeed
                 if
                 we
                 Consider
                 the
                 subject
                 attentively
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 observe
                 ,
                 That
                 though
                 it
                 be
                 true
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 
                   caeteris
                   paribus
                
                 ,
                 the
                 greatness
                 of
                 Bodies
                 doth
                 ,
                 in
                 most
                 cases
                 ,
                 contribute
                 to
                 that
                 of
                 their
                 Operation
                 upon
                 others
                 ,
                 yet
                 Matter
                 or
                 Body
                 being
                 in
                 its
                 own
                 precise
                 nature
                 an
                 unactive
                 or
                 moveless
                 Subject
                 ,
                 one
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Mass
                 acts
                 upon
                 another
                 but
                 upon
                 the
                 account
                 of
                 its
                 Local
                 Motion
                 ,
                 whose
                 Operations
                 are
                 facilitated
                 and
                 otherwise
                 diversified
                 by
                 the
                 Shape
                 ,
                 Size
                 ,
                 Situation
                 and
                 Texture
                 both
                 of
                 the
                 Agent
                 and
                 of
                 the
                 
                 Patient
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 if
                 Corpuseles
                 ,
                 though
                 very
                 minute
                 ,
                 be
                 numerous
                 enough
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 a
                 competent
                 degree
                 of
                 motion
                 ,
                 even
                 these
                 small
                 Particles
                 ,
                 especially
                 if
                 fitly
                 shap'd
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 chance
                 to
                 meet
                 with
                 a
                 Body
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 congruity
                 of
                 its
                 texture
                 disposes
                 to
                 admit
                 them
                 at
                 its
                 Pores
                 ,
                 and
                 receive
                 their
                 either
                 friendly
                 or
                 hostile
                 impressions
                 ,
                 may
                 perform
                 such
                 things
                 in
                 the
                 patient
                 ,
                 as
                 visible
                 and
                 much
                 grosser
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 but
                 less
                 conveniently
                 shap'd
                 and
                 mov'd
                 ,
                 would
                 be
                 utterly
                 unable
                 (
                 on
                 the
                 same
                 Body
                 )
                 to
                 effect
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 with
                 the
                 less
                 difficulty
                 allow
                 me
                 to
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 as
                 minute
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 ,
                 may
                 perform
                 Considerable
                 things
                 ,
                 give
                 me
                 leave
                 to
                 observe
                 to
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 are
                 
                   at
                   least
                
                 six
                 ways
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 the
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 a
                 Body
                 may
                 notably
                 operate
                 upon
                 another
                 ;
                 namely
                 ,
                 1.
                 
                 By
                 the
                 
                   great
                   number
                
                 of
                 emitted
                 Corpuscles
                 .
                 2.
                 
                 By
                 their
                 penetrating
                 and
                 pervading
                 nature
                 .
                 3.
                 
                 By
                 their
                 celerity
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Modifications
                 of
                 their
                 Motion
                 .
                 4.
                 
                 By
                 the
                 congruity
                 and
                 incongruity
                 
                 of
                 their
                 Bulk
                 and
                 Shape
                 to
                 the
                 Pores
                 of
                 the
                 Bodies
                 they
                 are
                 to
                 act
                 upon
                 .
                 5.
                 
                 By
                 the
                 motions
                 of
                 one
                 part
                 
                   upon
                   another
                
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 excite
                 or
                 occasion
                 in
                 the
                 Body
                 they
                 work
                 upon
                 according
                 to
                 its
                 Structure
                 .
                 And
                 6ly
                 ,
                 By
                 the
                 Fitness
                 and
                 Power
                 they
                 have
                 to
                 make
                 themselves
                 be
                 assisted
                 ,
                 in
                 their
                 Working
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 
                   more
                   Catholick
                   Agents
                
                 of
                 the
                 Universe
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 it
                 may
                 perhaps
                 be
                 sufficiently
                 proved
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 are
                 several
                 cases
                 wherein
                 a
                 Body
                 that
                 emits
                 Particles
                 ,
                 may
                 act
                 notably
                 upon
                 another
                 Body
                 by
                 this
                 or
                 that
                 single
                 way
                 of
                 those
                 I
                 have
                 been
                 naming
                 ;
                 yet
                 usually
                 the
                 great
                 matters
                 are
                 performed
                 by
                 the
                 association
                 of
                 two
                 ,
                 three
                 or
                 more
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 concurring
                 to
                 produce
                 the
                 same
                 Effect
                 .
                 Upon
                 which
                 score
                 when
                 I
                 shall
                 in
                 the
                 following
                 Paper
                 referr
                 an
                 Instance
                 or
                 a
                 Phenomenon
                 to
                 any
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 forementioned
                 Heads
                 ,
                 I
                 desire
                 to
                 be
                 understood
                 as
                 looking
                 upon
                 that
                 but
                 as
                 the
                 Head
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 it
                 chiefly
                 relates
                 ,
                 without
                 excluding
                 the
                 rest
                 .
              
            
             
               
               
                 CHAP.
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 TAking
                 those
                 things
                 for
                 granted
                 ,
                 that
                 have
                 ,
                 I
                 hope
                 ,
                 been
                 sufficiently
                 proved
                 in
                 the
                 former
                 Tract
                 about
                 the
                 subtlety
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 I
                 suppose
                 it
                 will
                 readily
                 be
                 allowed
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 Emanations
                 of
                 a
                 Body
                 may
                 be
                 extremely
                 minute
                 ;
                 whence
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 rightly
                 inferr'd
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 small
                 portion
                 of
                 matter
                 may
                 emit
                 great
                 multitudes
                 of
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 that
                 the
                 great
                 number
                 of
                 Agents
                 may
                 in
                 many
                 cases
                 compensate
                 their
                 littleness
                 ,
                 especially
                 where
                 they
                 Act
                 or
                 Resist
                 
                   per
                   modum
                   unius
                
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 speak
                 ,
                 )
                 men
                 would
                 perhaps
                 the
                 more
                 easily
                 grant
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 took
                 notice
                 to
                 this
                 purpose
                 of
                 some
                 familiar
                 Instances
                 .
              
               
                 We
                 see
                 that
                 not
                 only
                 lesser
                 Land-floods
                 that
                 overflow
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Fields
                 ,
                 but
                 those
                 terrible
                 Inundations
                 that
                 sometimes
                 drown
                 whole
                 Countreys
                 ,
                 are
                 made
                 by
                 Bodies
                 singly
                 so
                 so
                 small
                 and
                 inconsiderable
                 as
                 Drops
                 
                 of
                 Rain
                 when
                 they
                 continue
                 to
                 fall
                 in
                 those
                 multitudes
                 we
                 call
                 Showers
                 .
              
               
                 So
                 the
                 aggregates
                 of
                 such
                 minute
                 Bodies
                 as
                 grains
                 of
                 Sand
                 being
                 heaped
                 together
                 in
                 sufficient
                 Numbers
                 ,
                 make
                 Banks
                 wherewith
                 greatest
                 Ships
                 are
                 sometimes
                 split
                 ,
                 nay
                 and
                 serve
                 in
                 most
                 places
                 for
                 Bounds
                 to
                 the
                 Sea
                 it self
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 though
                 a
                 single
                 Corn
                 of
                 Gunpowder
                 ,
                 or
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 together
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 of
                 Force
                 to
                 do
                 much
                 mischief
                 ,
                 yet
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 Barrels
                 of
                 those
                 Corns
                 taking
                 Fire
                 all
                 together
                 are
                 able
                 to
                 blow
                 up
                 Ships
                 and
                 Houses
                 ,
                 and
                 perform
                 prodigious
                 things
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 instead
                 of
                 multiplying
                 such
                 Instances
                 ,
                 afforded
                 by
                 Bodies
                 of
                 small
                 indeed
                 but
                 yet
                 visible
                 Bulk
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 (
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 intimated
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 above-mentioned
                 drops
                 of
                 Rain
                 themselves
                 consist
                 of
                 convening
                 Multitudes
                 of
                 Vapors
                 most
                 commonly
                 Invisible
                 in
                 their
                 Ascent
                 ,
                 )
                 endeavour
                 to
                 make
                 out
                 what
                 was
                 proposed
                 ,
                 by
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 Instances
                 drawn
                 from
                 the
                 Operations
                 of
                 Invisible
                 particles
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 first
                 ,
                 we
                 see
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 
                 Aqueous
                 Vapours
                 be
                 look'd
                 upon
                 as
                 the
                 faintest
                 and
                 least
                 active
                 Effluviums
                 that
                 we
                 know
                 of
                 ,
                 yet
                 when
                 multitudes
                 of
                 them
                 are
                 in
                 Rainy
                 weather
                 dispersed
                 thorow
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 thereby
                 qualified
                 to
                 work
                 on
                 the
                 Bodies
                 exposed
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 their
                 Operations
                 are
                 very
                 considerable
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 in
                 the
                 dissolution
                 of
                 Salts
                 ,
                 as
                 Sea-Salt
                 ,
                 Salt
                 of
                 Tartar
                 ,
                 &c.
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 putrefactive
                 changes
                 they
                 produce
                 in
                 many
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 the
                 intumescence
                 they
                 cause
                 in
                 Oak
                 and
                 other
                 solid
                 Woods
                 ;
                 as
                 appears
                 by
                 the
                 difficulty
                 we
                 often
                 find
                 in
                 and
                 before
                 Rainy
                 weather
                 ,
                 to
                 shut
                 and
                 open
                 Doors
                 ,
                 Boxes
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Wooden
                 pieces
                 of
                 work
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 before
                 fit
                 enough
                 for
                 the
                 Cavities
                 they
                 had
                 been
                 adjusted
                 to
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 might
                 here
                 urge
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 the
                 strings
                 of
                 Viols
                 and
                 other
                 Musical
                 Instruments
                 are
                 sometimes
                 strong
                 enough
                 to
                 sustain
                 considerable
                 weights
                 ,
                 yet
                 if
                 they
                 be
                 left
                 screwed
                 to
                 their
                 full
                 tension
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 it
                 frequently
                 happens
                 )
                 they
                 are
                 oftentimes
                 by
                 the
                 supervening
                 of
                 moist
                 weather
                 made
                 to
                 break
                 ,
                 not
                 
                 without
                 impetuosity
                 and
                 noise
                 .
                 But
                 it
                 may
                 sute
                 better
                 with
                 my
                 present
                 aim
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 mention
                 on
                 this
                 occasion
                 ,
                 (
                 what
                 I
                 elsewhere
                 more
                 fully
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 :
                 )
                 Being
                 desirous
                 to
                 try
                 what
                 a
                 multitude
                 even
                 of
                 Aqueous
                 Steams
                 may
                 do
                 ,
                 I
                 caused
                 a
                 Rope
                 that
                 was
                 long
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 thick
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 in
                 part
                 sustained
                 by
                 a
                 Pully
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 a
                 Weight
                 of
                 Lead
                 so
                 fastned
                 to
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 not
                 to
                 touch
                 the
                 ground
                 ,
                 and
                 after
                 the
                 Weight
                 had
                 leisure
                 allowed
                 it
                 to
                 stretch
                 the
                 Cord
                 as
                 far
                 as
                 it
                 could
                 ,
                 I
                 observed
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 moist
                 weather
                 the
                 waterish
                 particles
                 ,
                 that
                 did
                 invisibly
                 abound
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 did
                 so
                 much
                 work
                 upon
                 and
                 shorten
                 the
                 Rope
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 lift
                 up
                 the
                 hanging
                 Weight
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 mis-remember
                 not
                 ,
                 about
                 an
                 hundred
                 Pounds
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 invisible
                 Steams
                 ,
                 issuing
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Walls
                 of
                 a
                 newly
                 plaster'd
                 or
                 whited
                 Room
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 sensibly
                 prejudicial
                 to
                 those
                 that
                 do
                 but
                 transiently
                 visit
                 it
                 ,
                 or
                 make
                 but
                 a
                 very
                 short
                 stay
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 though
                 there
                 be
                 a
                 Charcoal-fire
                 in
                 the
                 Chimney
                 ;
                 but
                 we
                 have
                 many
                 
                 instances
                 of
                 persons
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 lying
                 for
                 a
                 night
                 in
                 such
                 Rooms
                 ,
                 have
                 been
                 the
                 next
                 morning
                 or
                 sooner
                 found
                 dead
                 in
                 their
                 Beds
                 ,
                 being
                 suffocated
                 by
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 the
                 noxious
                 Vapours
                 emitted
                 during
                 all
                 that
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 here
                 I
                 think
                 it
                 proper
                 to
                 observe
                 ,
                 That
                 it
                 may
                 much
                 assist
                 us
                 to
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 us
                 expect
                 great
                 matters
                 from
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 consider
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 not
                 emitted
                 from
                 the
                 Body
                 that
                 affords
                 them
                 all
                 at
                 once
                 ,
                 as
                 Hail-shot
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 Gun
                 ,
                 but
                 issue
                 from
                 it
                 as
                 the
                 Vaporous
                 Winds
                 do
                 out
                 of
                 an
                 Aeolipil
                 well
                 heated
                 ,
                 or
                 Waters
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 Spring-head
                 in
                 continued
                 Streams
                 ,
                 wherein
                 fresh
                 parts
                 still
                 succeed
                 one
                 another
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 though
                 as
                 many
                 Effluxions
                 of
                 a
                 Body
                 as
                 can
                 be
                 sent
                 out
                 at
                 one
                 time
                 were
                 numerous
                 enough
                 to
                 Act
                 but
                 upon
                 its
                 Superficial
                 parts
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 Emanation
                 of
                 the
                 next
                 minute
                 may
                 get
                 in
                 a
                 little
                 farther
                 ,
                 and
                 each
                 smallest
                 portion
                 of
                 time
                 supplying
                 fresh
                 Recruits
                 ,
                 and
                 perhaps
                 urging
                 on
                 the
                 Steams
                 already
                 entred
                 ,
                 the
                 Particles
                 
                 may
                 at
                 length
                 get
                 into
                 a
                 multitude
                 of
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 the
                 invaded
                 Body
                 ,
                 and
                 penetrate
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 very
                 innermost
                 parts
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 III.
                 
              
               
                 I
                 Come
                 now
                 to
                 shew
                 in
                 the
                 second
                 place
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 subtile
                 and
                 penetrating
                 nature
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 may
                 in
                 many
                 cases
                 cooperate
                 with
                 their
                 multitude
                 in
                 producing
                 notable
                 effects
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 there
                 are
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 a
                 very
                 piercing
                 nature
                 ,
                 though
                 we
                 shall
                 not
                 now
                 enquire
                 upon
                 what
                 account
                 they
                 are
                 so
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 evince
                 by
                 several
                 Examples
                 .
                 For
                 not
                 only
                 the
                 invisible
                 Steams
                 of
                 good
                 
                   Aqua
                   Fortis
                
                 and
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Nitre
                 do
                 usually
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 time
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 the
                 cold
                 ,
                 so
                 penetrate
                 the
                 corks
                 wherewith
                 the
                 Glasses
                 that
                 contained
                 them
                 were
                 stop'd
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 reduce
                 them
                 into
                 a
                 yellow
                 pap
                 ;
                 but
                 also
                 the
                 emanations
                 of
                 Mercury
                 have
                 been
                 sometimes
                 found
                 in
                 
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 coagulated
                 ,
                 or
                 even
                 of
                 running
                 Mercury
                 in
                 the
                 heads
                 or
                 very
                 bones
                 of
                 those
                 Gilders
                 ,
                 or
                 Venereal
                 Patients
                 ,
                 that
                 have
                 too
                 long
                 or
                 too
                 unadvisedly
                 been
                 exposed
                 to
                 the
                 fumes
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 though
                 they
                 never
                 took
                 Quicksilver
                 in
                 its
                 gross
                 substance
                 .
                 Chymists
                 too
                 often
                 find
                 in
                 their
                 Laboratories
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 steams
                 of
                 Sulphur
                 ,
                 Antimony
                 ,
                 Arsnick
                 ,
                 and
                 divers
                 other
                 Minerals
                 ,
                 are
                 able
                 to
                 make
                 those
                 stagger
                 ,
                 or
                 perhaps
                 strike
                 them
                 down
                 ,
                 that
                 without
                 a
                 competent
                 wariness
                 unlute
                 the
                 Vessels
                 wherein
                 they
                 had
                 been
                 distilled
                 or
                 sublimed
                 ;
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 known
                 divers
                 sad
                 Examples
                 .
                 And
                 of
                 the
                 Penetrancy
                 even
                 of
                 animal
                 Steams
                 we
                 may
                 easily
                 be
                 perswaded
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 consider
                 ,
                 how
                 soon
                 in
                 many
                 Plagues
                 the
                 contagious
                 ,
                 though
                 invisible
                 ,
                 Exhalations
                 are
                 able
                 to
                 reach
                 the
                 Heart
                 ,
                 or
                 infect
                 other
                 internal
                 parts
                 ;
                 though
                 in
                 divers
                 of
                 these
                 cases
                 the
                 Blood
                 helps
                 to
                 convey
                 the
                 infection
                 ,
                 yet
                 still
                 the
                 Morbifick
                 particles
                 must
                 get
                 into
                 the
                 body
                 before
                 they
                 can
                 infect
                 the
                 mass
                 of
                 Blood.
                 And
                 in
                 those
                 stupefactions
                 that
                 
                 are
                 caused
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 by
                 the
                 Terpedo
                 ,
                 the
                 parts
                 mainly
                 affected
                 seem
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 Nervous
                 ones
                 of
                 the
                 Hand
                 and
                 Arm
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 retired
                 and
                 best
                 fenced
                 parts
                 of
                 those
                 members
                 .
                 And
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 Spirit
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 make
                 to
                 smell
                 to
                 ,
                 whose
                 invisible
                 Steams
                 ,
                 unexcited
                 by
                 heat
                 ,
                 are
                 of
                 so
                 piercing
                 a
                 nature
                 ,
                 that
                 not
                 only
                 they
                 will
                 powerfully
                 affect
                 the
                 Eyes
                 and
                 Nostrils
                 ,
                 and
                 Throats
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 the
                 Stomachs
                 too
                 (
                 yet
                 without
                 proving
                 Vomitive
                 ,
                 )
                 of
                 the
                 Patients
                 they
                 invade
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 when
                 a
                 great
                 cold
                 has
                 so
                 clog'd
                 the
                 organs
                 of
                 smelling
                 ,
                 that
                 neither
                 sweet
                 nor
                 stinking
                 odours
                 would
                 at
                 all
                 affect
                 them
                 ,
                 these
                 piercing
                 Steams
                 have
                 not
                 only
                 in
                 a
                 few
                 minutes
                 both
                 made
                 themselves
                 a
                 way
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 is
                 more
                 ,
                 so
                 open'd
                 the
                 passages
                 ,
                 that
                 soon
                 after
                 the
                 Patient
                 has
                 been
                 able
                 to
                 smell
                 other
                 things
                 also
                 .
                 And
                 by
                 the
                 same
                 penetrating
                 Spirit
                 ,
                 a
                 person
                 of
                 Quality
                 was
                 ,
                 some
                 time
                 since
                 ,
                 restored
                 to
                 a
                 power
                 of
                 smelling
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 had
                 lost
                 for
                 divers
                 Years
                 ,
                 (
                 if
                 he
                 ever
                 had
                 it
                 equally
                 with
                 other
                 men
                 .
                 )
                 I
                 could
                 
                 easily
                 subjoyn
                 Examples
                 of
                 this
                 kind
                 ,
                 but
                 they
                 belong
                 to
                 other
                 places
                 .
                 And
                 here
                 I
                 shall
                 only
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 steams
                 of
                 Water
                 it self
                 assisted
                 by
                 warmth
                 ,
                 are
                 capable
                 of
                 dissolving
                 the
                 Texture
                 of
                 even
                 hard
                 and
                 solid
                 bodies
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 suspected
                 to
                 be
                 Saline
                 ;
                 as
                 appears
                 by
                 the
                 Philosophical
                 calcination
                 (
                 as
                 Chymists
                 call
                 it
                 )
                 wherein
                 solid
                 pieces
                 of
                 Harts-horn
                 are
                 brought
                 to
                 be
                 easily
                 friable
                 into
                 pouder
                 ,
                 by
                 being
                 hung
                 over
                 waters
                 ,
                 whil'st
                 their
                 steams
                 rise
                 in
                 distillation
                 and
                 without
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 Furnaces
                 .
                 The
                 Exhalations
                 ,
                 that
                 usually
                 swim
                 every
                 night
                 in
                 the
                 air
                 ,
                 and
                 almost
                 every
                 night
                 fall
                 to
                 the
                 ground
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 Dews
                 (
                 which
                 makes
                 them
                 be
                 judged
                 Aqueous
                 ,
                 )
                 are
                 in
                 many
                 places
                 of
                 the
                 Torrid
                 Zone
                 of
                 so
                 penetrating
                 a
                 nature
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 as
                 Eye-witnesses
                 have
                 informed
                 me
                 ,
                 they
                 would
                 in
                 a
                 very
                 short
                 time
                 make
                 Knives
                 rust
                 in
                 their
                 sheaths
                 ,
                 and
                 Swords
                 in
                 their
                 scabbards
                 ,
                 nay
                 and
                 Watches
                 in
                 their
                 cases
                 ,
                 if
                 they
                 did
                 not
                 constantly
                 carry
                 them
                 in
                 their
                 pockets
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 have
                 known
                 even
                 in
                 England
                 
                 divers
                 hard
                 bodies
                 ,
                 into
                 which
                 the
                 Vapours
                 swimming
                 in
                 the
                 air
                 have
                 insinuated
                 themselves
                 ,
                 so
                 far
                 as
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 friable
                 throughout
                 .
                 But
                 of
                 the
                 penetration
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 given
                 ,
                 in
                 several
                 places
                 ,
                 so
                 many
                 instances
                 ,
                 that
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 necessary
                 to
                 add
                 any
                 here
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 intimated
                 at
                 the
                 beginning
                 of
                 this
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 the
                 Penetrancy
                 and
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 may
                 much
                 assist
                 each
                 other
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 subjoyn
                 ;
                 That
                 we
                 must
                 not
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 look
                 upon
                 Effluviums
                 as
                 swarms
                 of
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 that
                 only
                 beat
                 against
                 the
                 outsides
                 of
                 the
                 Bodies
                 they
                 invade
                 ,
                 but
                 as
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 their
                 great
                 and
                 frequently
                 recruited
                 numbers
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 the
                 Extreme
                 smallness
                 of
                 their
                 Parts
                 ,
                 insinuate
                 themselves
                 in
                 multitudes
                 into
                 the
                 minute
                 pores
                 of
                 the
                 bodies
                 they
                 invade
                 ,
                 and
                 often
                 penetrate
                 to
                 the
                 innermost
                 of
                 them
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 ,
                 though
                 each
                 single
                 Corpuscle
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 distinct
                 action
                 ,
                 be
                 inconsiderable
                 ,
                 in
                 respect
                 of
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 parts
                 that
                 compose
                 
                 the
                 body
                 to
                 be
                 wrought
                 on
                 ;
                 yet
                 a
                 vast
                 multitude
                 of
                 these
                 little
                 Agents
                 working
                 together
                 upon
                 a
                 correspondent
                 number
                 of
                 the
                 small
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 body
                 they
                 pervade
                 ,
                 they
                 may
                 well
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 have
                 powerful
                 effects
                 upon
                 the
                 Body
                 ,
                 that
                 those
                 parts
                 constitute
                 ;
                 as
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 case
                 mentioned
                 in
                 the
                 former
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 the
                 Rope
                 would
                 not
                 probably
                 have
                 been
                 enabled
                 to
                 raise
                 so
                 great
                 a
                 weight
                 ,
                 though
                 a
                 vehement
                 Wind
                 had
                 blown
                 against
                 it
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 lose
                 its
                 perpendicular
                 straightness
                 ,
                 but
                 a
                 vast
                 multitude
                 of
                 Watery
                 Particles
                 ,
                 getting
                 by
                 degrees
                 into
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 the
                 Rope
                 ,
                 might
                 ,
                 like
                 an
                 innumerable
                 company
                 of
                 little
                 wedges
                 ,
                 so
                 widen
                 the
                 pores
                 as
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 thrids
                 or
                 splinters
                 of
                 Hemp
                 ,
                 the
                 Rope
                 was
                 made
                 up
                 of
                 ,
                 swell
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 so
                 forcibly
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 depending
                 weight
                 could
                 not
                 hinder
                 the
                 shortning
                 of
                 the
                 Rope
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 must
                 of
                 necessity
                 be
                 rais'd
                 thereby
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 have
                 more
                 than
                 once
                 known
                 solid
                 and
                 even
                 heavy
                 Mineral
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 burst
                 in
                 pieces
                 by
                 the
                 moisture
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 though
                 
                 we
                 kept
                 them
                 within-doors
                 carefully
                 shelter'd
                 from
                 the
                 Rain
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 IV.
                 
              
               
                 THat
                 the
                 Celerity
                 of
                 the
                 motion
                 of
                 very
                 minute
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 especially
                 conjoyned
                 to
                 their
                 multitudes
                 ,
                 may
                 perform
                 very
                 notable
                 things
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 argued
                 from
                 the
                 wonderful
                 effects
                 of
                 fired
                 Gunpowder
                 ,
                 
                   Aurum
                   fulminans
                
                 ,
                 of
                 Flames
                 that
                 invisibly
                 touch
                 the
                 Bodies
                 they
                 work
                 on
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 Whirlwinds
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 streams
                 of
                 invisible
                 Exhalations
                 and
                 other
                 aerial
                 Particles
                 we
                 call
                 Winds
                 .
                 But
                 because
                 instances
                 of
                 this
                 sort
                 suit
                 not
                 so
                 well
                 with
                 the
                 main
                 scope
                 of
                 this
                 Tract
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 insist
                 on
                 them
                 ,
                 but
                 subjoyn
                 some
                 others
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 though
                 less
                 notable
                 in
                 themselves
                 ,
                 will
                 be
                 more
                 congruous
                 to
                 my
                 present
                 Design
                 .
                 That
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 whereof
                 Odours
                 consist
                 ,
                 swim
                 to
                 and
                 fro
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 a
                 fluid
                 Vehicle
                 ,
                 will
                 
                 by
                 most
                 ,
                 I
                 presume
                 ,
                 be
                 granted
                 ,
                 and
                 may
                 be
                 easily
                 prov'd
                 .
                 But
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 shewn
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 motion
                 of
                 the
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 some
                 sufficiently
                 odorous
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 has
                 too
                 little
                 Celerity
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 sensible
                 impression
                 on
                 the
                 organs
                 of
                 smelling
                 ,
                 unless
                 those
                 Steams
                 be
                 assisted
                 to
                 beat
                 more
                 forcibly
                 upon
                 the
                 Nostrils
                 by
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 which
                 hurries
                 them
                 along
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 enters
                 the
                 Nostrils
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 stream
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 act
                 of
                 Inspiration
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 have
                 by
                 familiar
                 observation
                 of
                 Hunters
                 ,
                 Fowlers
                 ,
                 and
                 partly
                 of
                 my
                 own
                 made
                 manifest
                 ,
                 that
                 Setting-dogs
                 ,
                 Hounds
                 ,
                 Crows
                 and
                 some
                 other
                 animals
                 ,
                 will
                 be
                 much
                 more
                 affected
                 with
                 sents
                 ,
                 or
                 the
                 odorous
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 Partridges
                 ,
                 Hares
                 ,
                 Gunpowder
                 ,
                 &c.
                 when
                 the
                 Wind
                 blows
                 from
                 the
                 object
                 towards
                 the
                 sensory
                 ,
                 than
                 when
                 it
                 sits
                 the
                 contrary
                 way
                 ,
                 which
                 way
                 soever
                 the
                 Nostrils
                 of
                 the
                 animal
                 be
                 obverted
                 ,
                 so
                 the
                 Air
                 be
                 imbued
                 with
                 the
                 odorous
                 Steams
                 :
                 And
                 consequently
                 the
                 difference
                 seems
                 to
                 proceed
                 from
                 this
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 the
                 Nostrils
                 are
                 obverted
                 
                 to
                 the
                 Wind
                 ,
                 the
                 Current
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 drives
                 the
                 Steams
                 forcibly
                 upon
                 the
                 Sensory
                 ,
                 which
                 otherwise
                 it
                 does
                 not
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 briskness
                 of
                 motion
                 requisite
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 than
                 ordinarily
                 conducive
                 to
                 Electrical
                 attractions
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 argued
                 from
                 the
                 necessity
                 that
                 we
                 usually
                 find
                 by
                 rubbing
                 Amber
                 ,
                 Jett
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Electrical
                 bodies
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 emit
                 those
                 Steams
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 't
                 is
                 highly
                 probable
                 their
                 action
                 is
                 performed
                 :
                 And
                 though
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 shewn
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 precedent
                 rubbing
                 is
                 not
                 alwayes
                 necessary
                 to
                 excite
                 all
                 Electrical
                 bodies
                 ;
                 yet
                 in
                 those
                 that
                 I
                 made
                 to
                 attract
                 without
                 it
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 operate
                 much
                 more
                 vigorously
                 after
                 attrition
                 ;
                 which
                 I
                 conconceive
                 makes
                 a
                 reciprocal
                 motion
                 amongst
                 the
                 more
                 stable
                 parts
                 ,
                 and
                 does
                 thereby
                 as
                 't
                 were
                 discharge
                 and
                 shoot
                 out
                 the
                 attracting
                 Corpuscles
                 ;
                 whose
                 real
                 emission
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 probably
                 argued
                 from
                 what
                 has
                 been
                 already
                 said
                 ,
                 seems
                 more
                 strongly
                 proveable
                 by
                 an
                 Observation
                 that
                 
                 I
                 made
                 many
                 years
                 ago
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 been
                 lately
                 inform'd
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 long
                 since
                 made
                 by
                 the
                 very
                 Learned
                 Fabri
                 .
                 The
                 Observation
                 was
                 this
                 ;
                 That
                 if
                 ,
                 when
                 we
                 took
                 a
                 vigorously
                 excited
                 Electrick
                 ,
                 we
                 did
                 at
                 a
                 certain
                 nick
                 of
                 time
                 (
                 which
                 circumstances
                 may
                 much
                 vary
                 ,
                 but
                 was
                 usually
                 almost
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 the
                 body
                 was
                 well
                 rubbed
                 )
                 place
                 it
                 at
                 a
                 just
                 distance
                 from
                 a
                 suspended
                 Hair
                 or
                 other
                 light
                 body
                 ,
                 or
                 perhaps
                 from
                 some
                 light
                 powder
                 ;
                 the
                 Hair
                 ,
                 &c.
                 would
                 not
                 be
                 attracted
                 to
                 the
                 Electrick
                 ,
                 but
                 driven
                 away
                 from
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 seem'd
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 briskly
                 moving
                 steams
                 that
                 issue
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Amber
                 or
                 other
                 light
                 body
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 Argument
                 I
                 could
                 confirm
                 by
                 another
                 Phaenomenon
                 or
                 two
                 of
                 affinity
                 with
                 this
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 should
                 not
                 borrow
                 too
                 much
                 of
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 noted
                 about
                 the
                 History
                 of
                 Electricity
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 know
                 a
                 certain
                 substance
                 ,
                 which
                 though
                 made
                 by
                 distillation
                 ,
                 does
                 in
                 the
                 cold
                 emit
                 but
                 a
                 very
                 mild
                 and
                 inoffensive
                 smell
                 ,
                 but
                 when
                 the
                 vessel
                 
                 that
                 holds
                 it
                 is
                 heated
                 ,
                 though
                 no
                 separation
                 of
                 constituent
                 Principles
                 appear
                 to
                 be
                 thereby
                 made
                 ,
                 (
                 the
                 Body
                 being
                 in
                 all
                 usual
                 tryals
                 homogeneous
                 ,
                 )
                 the
                 Effluviums
                 will
                 be
                 so
                 altered
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 remember
                 a
                 Virtuoso
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 to
                 satisfie
                 his
                 curiosity
                 ▪
                 would
                 needs
                 be
                 smelling
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 when
                 't
                 was
                 heated
                 ,
                 complain'd
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 thought
                 the
                 Steams
                 would
                 have
                 killed
                 him
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 Spirit
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 it self
                 were
                 nothing
                 near
                 so
                 strong
                 and
                 piercing
                 as
                 those
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 even
                 among
                 solid
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 I
                 know
                 some
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 though
                 abounding
                 much
                 in
                 a
                 substance
                 wherein
                 some
                 rank
                 smells
                 principally
                 reside
                 ,
                 yet
                 (
                 if
                 they
                 were
                 not
                 chafed
                 )
                 were
                 scarce
                 at
                 all
                 sensibly
                 odorous
                 ;
                 but
                 upon
                 the
                 rubbing
                 of
                 them
                 a
                 little
                 one
                 against
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 the
                 attrition
                 making
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 ,
                 dart
                 out
                 their
                 Emissions
                 ,
                 would
                 in
                 a
                 minute
                 or
                 two
                 make
                 them
                 stink
                 egregiously
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 as
                 the
                 Celerity
                 of
                 motion
                 may
                 thus
                 give
                 a
                 vigor
                 to
                 the
                 Emanations
                 of
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 so
                 there
                 may
                 be
                 
                 other
                 modifications
                 of
                 motion
                 ,
                 that
                 may
                 contribute
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 thing
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 wholly
                 neglected
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 .
                 For
                 as
                 we
                 see
                 ,
                 that
                 greater
                 Bodies
                 do
                 operate
                 differingly
                 according
                 to
                 such
                 and
                 such
                 modifications
                 ;
                 as
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 difference
                 between
                 the
                 effects
                 of
                 a
                 Dart
                 or
                 Javelin
                 ,
                 so
                 thrown
                 as
                 that
                 its
                 point
                 be
                 alwayes
                 forwards
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 same
                 weapon
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 so
                 thrown
                 ,
                 that
                 during
                 its
                 progressive
                 motion
                 the
                 extremes
                 turn
                 about
                 the
                 Center
                 of
                 gravity
                 or
                 some
                 inward
                 parts
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 happens
                 when
                 Boyes
                 throw
                 sticks
                 to
                 beat
                 down
                 fruit
                 from
                 the
                 tops
                 of
                 trees
                 ;
                 so
                 there
                 is
                 little
                 doubt
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 in
                 Corpuscles
                 themselves
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 all
                 one
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 their
                 effects
                 ,
                 whether
                 they
                 move
                 with
                 or
                 without
                 rotation
                 ,
                 and
                 whether
                 in
                 such
                 or
                 such
                 a
                 line
                 ,
                 and
                 whether
                 with
                 or
                 without
                 undulation
                 ,
                 trembling
                 or
                 such
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 consecution
                 ;
                 and
                 in
                 short
                 ,
                 whether
                 the
                 motion
                 have
                 or
                 have
                 not
                 this
                 or
                 that
                 particular
                 modification
                 ;
                 which
                 how
                 much
                 it
                 may
                 diversifie
                 the
                 Effects
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Bodies
                 moved
                 ,
                 may
                 appear
                 by
                 the
                 Motion
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Aerial
                 particles
                 are
                 put
                 into
                 by
                 Musical
                 Instruments
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 effects
                 of
                 harmony
                 ,
                 discord
                 and
                 peculiar
                 sounds
                 be
                 sometimes
                 very
                 great
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 in
                 Human
                 bodies
                 ,
                 but
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 shall
                 shew
                 in
                 the
                 following
                 Tract
                 ,
                 in
                 Organical
                 ones
                 too
                 ;
                 the
                 whole
                 efficacy
                 of
                 Musick
                 and
                 of
                 Sounds
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 extraordinarily
                 loud
                 and
                 different
                 ,
                 seems
                 ,
                 as
                 far
                 as
                 't
                 is
                 ascribable
                 to
                 Sonorous
                 bodies
                 ,
                 to
                 depend
                 upon
                 the
                 different
                 manners
                 of
                 motion
                 whereinto
                 that
                 Air
                 is
                 put
                 ,
                 that
                 makes
                 the
                 immediate
                 impression
                 on
                 our
                 organs
                 of
                 hearing
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 V.
                 
              
               
                 I
                 Should
                 now
                 proceed
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 how
                 the
                 Celerity
                 and
                 other
                 modes
                 ,
                 that
                 diversifie
                 the
                 motion
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 assisted
                 to
                 make
                 them
                 operative
                 by
                 their
                 determinate
                 sizes
                 and
                 figures
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 the
                 congruity
                 or
                 incongruity
                 which
                 they
                 may
                 have
                 upon
                 that
                 score
                 with
                 the
                 Pores
                 of
                 the
                 grosser
                 Bodies
                 they
                 are
                 to
                 work
                 on
                 :
                 But
                 I
                 think
                 it
                 not
                 fit
                 to
                 entrench
                 upon
                 the
                 subject
                 of
                 another
                 *
                 Tract
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 relation
                 between
                 the
                 figures
                 of
                 Corpuscles
                 and
                 the
                 Pores
                 of
                 grosser
                 bodies
                 is
                 amply
                 enough
                 treated
                 of
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 I
                 shall
                 only
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 those
                 effects
                 of
                 Lightning
                 ,
                 which
                 seem
                 referable
                 ,
                 partly
                 to
                 the
                 Celerity
                 and
                 manner
                 of
                 Appulse
                 ,
                 and
                 partly
                 to
                 the
                 distinct
                 sizes
                 and
                 shapes
                 of
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 that
                 compose
                 the
                 destructive
                 matter
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 the
                 peculiar
                 relation
                 between
                 the
                 particles
                 of
                 that
                 matter
                 and
                 the
                 structure
                 of
                 the
                 bodies
                 they
                 invade
                 .
                 I
                 know
                 that
                 many
                 strange
                 things
                 that
                 are
                 delivered
                 about
                 the
                 Effects
                 of
                 what
                 the
                 Latins
                 call
                 Fulmen
                 (
                 which
                 our
                 English
                 word
                 Lightning
                 does
                 not
                 adaequately
                 render
                 )
                 are
                 but
                 fabulous
                 ;
                 but
                 there
                 are
                 but
                 too
                 many
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 so
                 ;
                 some
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 been
                 
                 an
                 Eye-witness
                 of
                 ,
                 within
                 less
                 than
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 an
                 hour
                 after
                 that
                 the
                 things
                 happened
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 it
                 be
                 very
                 difficult
                 to
                 explicate
                 particularly
                 many
                 of
                 these
                 true
                 Phenomena
                 ,
                 yet
                 it
                 seems
                 warrantable
                 enough
                 to
                 argue
                 from
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 may
                 be
                 Agents
                 so
                 qualified
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 swiftly
                 moved
                 ,
                 that
                 notwithstanding
                 their
                 being
                 so
                 exceedingly
                 minute
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 must
                 be
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 up
                 a
                 flame
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 a
                 fluid
                 Body
                 ,
                 they
                 must
                 in
                 an
                 imperceptible
                 time
                 pervade
                 solid
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 and
                 traversing
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 without
                 violating
                 their
                 Texture
                 ,
                 burn
                 ,
                 break
                 ,
                 melt
                 ,
                 and
                 produce
                 other
                 very
                 great
                 changes
                 in
                 other
                 Bodies
                 that
                 are
                 fitted
                 to
                 be
                 wrought
                 on
                 by
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 of
                 this
                 I
                 must
                 not
                 forget
                 to
                 mention
                 this
                 remarkable
                 instance
                 ;
                 That
                 a
                 person
                 Curious
                 enough
                 to
                 collect
                 many
                 rarities
                 ,
                 bringing
                 me
                 one
                 day
                 into
                 the
                 Study
                 where
                 he
                 kept
                 the
                 choicest
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 I
                 saw
                 there
                 among
                 other
                 things
                 a
                 fine
                 pair
                 of
                 Drinking-glasses
                 that
                 were
                 somewhat
                 slender
                 ,
                 but
                 extraordinarily
                 tall
                 ;
                 they
                 seem'd
                 to
                 have
                 
                 been
                 designed
                 to
                 resemble
                 one
                 another
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 for
                 some
                 drinking
                 entertainment
                 .
                 But
                 before
                 I
                 saw
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 resemblance
                 was
                 much
                 lessen'd
                 by
                 the
                 Lightning
                 ,
                 that
                 fell
                 between
                 them
                 in
                 so
                 strange
                 a
                 manner
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 without
                 breaking
                 either
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 could
                 perceive
                 ,
                 it
                 alter'd
                 a
                 little
                 the
                 figure
                 of
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 near
                 the
                 lower
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Cavity
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 other
                 was
                 so
                 bent
                 near
                 the
                 same
                 place
                 as
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 stand
                 quite
                 awry
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 it
                 a
                 posture
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 beheld
                 not
                 without
                 some
                 amazement
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 cannot
                 yet
                 but
                 look
                 upon
                 it
                 as
                 a
                 very
                 strange
                 thing
                 ,
                 and
                 no
                 less
                 considerable
                 to
                 our
                 present
                 purpose
                 ,
                 that
                 Nature
                 should
                 in
                 the
                 free
                 Air
                 make
                 of
                 Exhalations
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 such
                 as
                 probably
                 when
                 they
                 ascended
                 were
                 invisible
                 ,
                 such
                 an
                 aggregate
                 of
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 as
                 should
                 without
                 breaking
                 such
                 frail
                 Bodies
                 as
                 Glasses
                 ,
                 be
                 able
                 in
                 its
                 passage
                 thorow
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 twinkling
                 of
                 an
                 Eye
                 ,
                 to
                 melt
                 them
                 ;
                 which
                 to
                 do
                 is
                 wont
                 even
                 in
                 our
                 Reverberatory
                 Furnaces
                 to
                 cost
                 
                 that
                 active
                 flames
                 a
                 pretty
                 deal
                 of
                 time
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 this
                 calls
                 into
                 my
                 memory
                 ,
                 that
                 upon
                 a
                 time
                 ,
                 hearing
                 not
                 far
                 off
                 from
                 me
                 such
                 a
                 clap
                 of
                 Thunder
                 as
                 made
                 me
                 judge
                 and
                 say
                 ,
                 that
                 questionless
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 places
                 were
                 thunder-strook
                 ,
                 I
                 sent
                 presently
                 to
                 make
                 inquiry
                 ;
                 which
                 having
                 justified
                 my
                 conjecture
                 ,
                 I
                 forthwith
                 repaired
                 to
                 the
                 house
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 mischief
                 was
                 done
                 ,
                 by
                 something
                 ,
                 which
                 those
                 ,
                 that
                 pretended
                 to
                 have
                 seen
                 it
                 coming
                 thither
                 ,
                 affirm'd
                 to
                 be
                 like
                 a
                 flame
                 moved
                 very
                 obliquely
                 .
                 To
                 omit
                 the
                 hurt
                 ,
                 that
                 seemed
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 done
                 by
                 a
                 Wind
                 that
                 accompanied
                 it
                 ,
                 or
                 was
                 perhaps
                 produced
                 by
                 it
                 ,
                 to
                 divers
                 persons
                 and
                 cattel
                 ;
                 that
                 which
                 makes
                 me
                 here
                 mention
                 it
                 ,
                 was
                 ,
                 that
                 observing
                 narrowly
                 what
                 had
                 happen'd
                 in
                 an
                 upper
                 room
                 ,
                 where
                 it
                 first
                 fell
                 ,
                 I
                 saw
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 had
                 in
                 more
                 than
                 one
                 place
                 melted
                 the
                 Lead
                 in
                 its
                 passage
                 ,
                 (
                 though
                 that
                 possibly
                 outlasted
                 not
                 the
                 twinkling
                 of
                 an
                 Eye
                 ,
                 )
                 without
                 breaking
                 to
                 
                 pieces
                 the
                 glass-casements
                 ,
                 or
                 burning
                 (
                 that
                 I
                 took
                 notice
                 of
                 )
                 either
                 the
                 Bed
                 or
                 Hangings
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 combustible
                 houshold-stuff
                 ;
                 though
                 near
                 the
                 window
                 it
                 had
                 thrown
                 down
                 a
                 good
                 quantity
                 of
                 the
                 solid
                 substance
                 of
                 the
                 Wall
                 ,
                 through
                 which
                 it
                 seem'd
                 to
                 have
                 made
                 its
                 passage
                 in
                 or
                 out
                 .
                 And
                 that
                 ,
                 which
                 made
                 me
                 the
                 less
                 scruple
                 to
                 mention
                 this
                 accident
                 ,
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 having
                 curiously
                 pry'd
                 into
                 the
                 Effects
                 of
                 the
                 Fulmen
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 in
                 that
                 little
                 upper
                 room
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 other
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 House
                 ,
                 beneath
                 whose
                 lowermost
                 parts
                 it
                 seem'd
                 to
                 have
                 ended
                 its
                 extravagant
                 course
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 not
                 but
                 conclude
                 ,
                 That
                 if
                 so
                 be
                 it
                 were
                 the
                 same
                 Fulmen
                 ,
                 it
                 must
                 have
                 more
                 than
                 once
                 gone
                 in
                 and
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 House
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 line
                 of
                 its
                 motion
                 was
                 neither
                 straight
                 ,
                 nor
                 yet
                 reducible
                 to
                 any
                 curve
                 or
                 mixed
                 line
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 had
                 met
                 with
                 among
                 Mathematicians
                 ;
                 but
                 that
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 then
                 told
                 some
                 of
                 my
                 Friends
                 ,
                 it
                 moved
                 to
                 and
                 fro
                 in
                 an
                 extravagant
                 manner
                 ,
                 not
                 unlike
                 the
                 irregular
                 and
                 wrigling
                 motion
                 of
                 
                 those
                 fired
                 Squibs
                 that
                 Boys
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 make
                 by
                 ramming
                 Gunpowder
                 into
                 Quills
                 .
                 But
                 about
                 Thunder
                 more
                 perhaps
                 elsewhere
                 .
                 I
                 shall
                 here
                 only
                 add
                 ,
                 That
                 whereas
                 't
                 is
                 a
                 known
                 Tradition
                 ,
                 which
                 my
                 own
                 Observations
                 heedfully
                 made
                 seem
                 now
                 and
                 then
                 to
                 confirm
                 ,
                 that
                 vehement
                 Thunder
                 ,
                 if
                 Beer
                 be
                 not
                 very
                 strong
                 ,
                 will
                 usually
                 (
                 for
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 say
                 alwayes
                 )
                 sowre
                 it
                 in
                 a
                 day
                 or
                 two
                 ;
                 if
                 this
                 degeneration
                 be
                 not
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 consequences
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 and
                 peculiar
                 kinds
                 of
                 the
                 concussions
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 that
                 happens
                 in
                 lowd
                 Thunder
                 (
                 in
                 which
                 case
                 the
                 Phenomenon
                 will
                 belong
                 to
                 the
                 next
                 Discourse
                 ,
                 )
                 the
                 effect
                 may
                 probably
                 be
                 imputed
                 to
                 some
                 subtile
                 Exhalations
                 diffused
                 thorow
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 penetrating
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 the
                 Wooden
                 vessels
                 ,
                 whose
                 contexture
                 is
                 not
                 very
                 close
                 ,
                 imbue
                 the
                 liquor
                 with
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 acetous
                 Ferment
                 ;
                 which
                 conjecture
                 I
                 should
                 think
                 much
                 confirmed
                 by
                 a
                 tryal
                 ,
                 it
                 suggested
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 had
                 made
                 it
                 often
                 enough
                 to
                 rely
                 upon
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 considering
                 that
                 the
                 
                 pores
                 of
                 Glass
                 are
                 straight
                 enough
                 to
                 be
                 impervious
                 (
                 for
                 ought
                 I
                 have
                 yet
                 observed
                 )
                 to
                 the
                 Steams
                 or
                 spirituous
                 parts
                 of
                 Sulphur
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 to
                 other
                 odorous
                 Exhalations
                 ,
                 I
                 thought
                 it
                 worth
                 trying
                 ,
                 whether
                 there
                 be
                 any
                 sulphureous
                 Steams
                 or
                 other
                 Corpuscles
                 diffused
                 thorow
                 the
                 Air
                 in
                 time
                 of
                 Thunder
                 ,
                 that
                 would
                 not
                 be
                 too
                 gross
                 to
                 get
                 in
                 at
                 such
                 minute
                 pores
                 as
                 those
                 of
                 Glass
                 .
                 And
                 accordingly
                 having
                 Hermetically
                 sealed
                 up
                 both
                 Beer
                 and
                 Ale
                 apart
                 ,
                 I
                 kept
                 them
                 in
                 Summer
                 time
                 till
                 there
                 happen'd
                 a
                 great
                 Thunder
                 ,
                 a
                 day
                 or
                 two
                 ,
                 after
                 which
                 the
                 Beer
                 which
                 we
                 drank
                 ,
                 that
                 was
                 good
                 before
                 ,
                 being
                 generally
                 complained
                 of
                 as
                 sowred
                 by
                 the
                 Thunder
                 ,
                 I
                 suffer'd
                 my
                 liquors
                 to
                 continue
                 at
                 least
                 a
                 day
                 or
                 two
                 longer
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 sowring
                 Steams
                 ,
                 if
                 any
                 such
                 there
                 were
                 ,
                 might
                 have
                 time
                 enough
                 to
                 operate
                 upon
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 breaking
                 the
                 Glasses
                 ,
                 I
                 found
                 not
                 that
                 the
                 liquors
                 had
                 been
                 sowred
                 ,
                 though
                 we
                 had
                 purposely
                 forborn
                 to
                 fill
                 the
                 Glasses
                 ,
                 to
                 facilitate
                 the
                 degeneration
                 of
                 
                 the
                 liquors
                 .
                 Perhaps
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 pardonable
                 on
                 this
                 occasion
                 to
                 mention
                 a
                 practice
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 usual
                 in
                 some
                 places
                 where
                 I
                 have
                 been
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 employ'd
                 by
                 a
                 great
                 Lady
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 house-keeper
                 ,
                 and
                 is
                 very
                 curious
                 and
                 expert
                 in
                 divers
                 Physical
                 Observations
                 ;
                 for
                 ,
                 talking
                 with
                 her
                 about
                 the
                 remedies
                 of
                 the
                 Sowring
                 of
                 Beer
                 and
                 other
                 drinks
                 by
                 Thunder
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 sometimes
                 no
                 small
                 prejudice
                 to
                 her
                 ,
                 she
                 affirm'd
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 usually
                 found
                 the
                 practice
                 ,
                 I
                 was
                 mentioning
                 ,
                 succeed
                 :
                 And
                 that
                 before
                 the
                 then
                 last
                 great
                 Thunder
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 had
                 observed
                 the
                 Effects
                 upon
                 Beer
                 ,
                 she
                 preserved
                 hers
                 by
                 putting
                 ,
                 at
                 a
                 convenient
                 distance
                 ,
                 under
                 the
                 Barrels
                 ,
                 Chaffing-dishes
                 of
                 Coals
                 ,
                 when
                 she
                 perceiv'd
                 that
                 the
                 Thunder
                 was
                 like
                 to
                 begin
                 ,
                 which
                 practice
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 constantly
                 succeed
                 ,
                 may
                 put
                 one
                 a
                 considering
                 ,
                 whether
                 the
                 Fire
                 do
                 not
                 by
                 rarifying
                 the
                 Air
                 and
                 discussing
                 the
                 sulphureous
                 or
                 other
                 Steams
                 ,
                 by
                 altering
                 them
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 uniting
                 with
                 them
                 the
                 Exhalations
                 
                 of
                 the
                 Coals
                 ,
                 or
                 by
                 some
                 such
                 kind
                 of
                 way
                 ,
                 render
                 ineffectual
                 these
                 sowring
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 which
                 perhaps
                 require
                 a
                 determinate
                 bulk
                 and
                 shape
                 ,
                 besides
                 their
                 being
                 crowded
                 very
                 many
                 of
                 them
                 together
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 their
                 full
                 Operation
                 on
                 Barrell'd
                 Liquors
                 .
                 But
                 these
                 things
                 are
                 but
                 meer
                 Conjectures
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 I
                 proceed
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VI.
                 
              
               
                 THE
                 fifth
                 way
                 whereby
                 Effluviums
                 may
                 perform
                 notable
                 things
                 ,
                 is
                 the
                 Motion
                 of
                 one
                 part
                 upon
                 another
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 excite
                 or
                 occasion
                 in
                 the
                 Body
                 they
                 work
                 on
                 according
                 to
                 its
                 structure
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 shall
                 in
                 the
                 following
                 Tract
                 have
                 occasion
                 to
                 say
                 something
                 of
                 the
                 Motions
                 into
                 which
                 the
                 Internal
                 parts
                 of
                 Inanimate
                 Bodies
                 may
                 put
                 one
                 another
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 Examples
                 now
                 produced
                 are
                 designed
                 to
                 manifest
                 the
                 Efficacy
                 ,
                 that
                 Effluviums
                 may
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 
                 newly
                 mentioned
                 accounts
                 ,
                 have
                 on
                 Organical
                 and
                 living
                 Bodies
                 .
                 To
                 which
                 Instances
                 it
                 would
                 yet
                 be
                 proper
                 to
                 premise
                 ,
                 That
                 even
                 Inanimate
                 and
                 Solid
                 Bodies
                 may
                 be
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 structure
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 very
                 much
                 alterable
                 by
                 the
                 appropriated
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 other
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 instanc'd
                 in
                 the
                 power
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 known
                 some
                 vigorous
                 Loadstones
                 to
                 have
                 ,
                 of
                 taking
                 away
                 in
                 a
                 trice
                 the
                 attractive
                 virtue
                 of
                 an
                 excited
                 Needle
                 ,
                 or
                 giving
                 a
                 verticity
                 directly
                 contrary
                 to
                 the
                 former
                 without
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 touching
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 we
                 may
                 pertinently
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 the
                 attractive
                 virtue
                 of
                 the
                 Loadstone
                 ,
                 as
                 that
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 afford
                 us
                 an
                 eminent
                 Example
                 of
                 the
                 great
                 power
                 of
                 a
                 multitude
                 of
                 invisible
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 even
                 from
                 Bodies
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 great
                 ,
                 upon
                 Bodies
                 that
                 are
                 Inorganical
                 or
                 liveless
                 :
                 For
                 taking
                 it
                 for
                 granted
                 ,
                 what
                 both
                 the
                 
                   Epicureans
                   ,
                   Cartesians
                
                 ,
                 and
                 almost
                 all
                 other
                 Corpuscularian
                 Philosophers
                 agree
                 in
                 ,
                 that
                 Magnetism
                 is
                 performed
                 by
                 corporeal
                 Emissions
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 consider
                 ,
                 
                 that
                 these
                 passing
                 unresistedly
                 thorow
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 all
                 solid
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 and
                 even
                 Glass
                 it self
                 ,
                 which
                 neither
                 the
                 subtilest
                 Odours
                 nor
                 Electrical
                 Exhalations
                 are
                 observ'd
                 to
                 do
                 ,
                 seem
                 to
                 be
                 almost
                 incredibly
                 minute
                 ,
                 and
                 much
                 smaller
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 though
                 themselves
                 too
                 small
                 to
                 be
                 visible
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 these
                 so
                 incomparably
                 little
                 Magnetical
                 Effluxions
                 proceeding
                 from
                 vigorous
                 Loadstones
                 ,
                 will
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 take
                 up
                 considerable
                 quantities
                 of
                 so
                 ponderous
                 a
                 Body
                 as
                 Iron
                 ;
                 in
                 so
                 much
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 seen
                 a
                 Loadstone
                 not
                 very
                 great
                 ,
                 that
                 would
                 keep
                 suspended
                 a
                 weight
                 of
                 Iron
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 could
                 hardly
                 lift
                 up
                 to
                 it
                 with
                 one
                 Arm
                 ;
                 and
                 I
                 have
                 seen
                 a
                 little
                 one
                 ,
                 with
                 which
                 I
                 could
                 take
                 up
                 above
                 eighty
                 times
                 its
                 weight
                 .
                 And
                 these
                 Effluvia
                 do
                 not
                 only
                 for
                 a
                 moment
                 fasten
                 the
                 Iron
                 to
                 the
                 Stone
                 ,
                 but
                 keep
                 the
                 Metal
                 suspended
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 one
                 pleases
                 .
              
               
                 This
                 being
                 premised
                 ,
                 I
                 come
                 now
                 to
                 observe
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 chief
                 effects
                 of
                 Effluvia
                 belonging
                 to
                 the
                 fifth
                 Head
                 
                 are
                 wrought
                 upon
                 Animals
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 virtue
                 of
                 their
                 curious
                 and
                 elaborate
                 structure
                 ,
                 have
                 their
                 parts
                 so
                 connected
                 and
                 otherwise
                 contrived
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 motions
                 or
                 changes
                 that
                 are
                 produced
                 in
                 one
                 ,
                 may
                 have
                 by
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 Parts
                 a
                 manifest
                 operation
                 upon
                 others
                 ,
                 although
                 perhaps
                 very
                 distant
                 from
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 fram'd
                 as
                 to
                 declare
                 their
                 being
                 affected
                 by
                 actions
                 that
                 seem
                 to
                 have
                 no
                 affinity
                 at
                 all
                 with
                 the
                 Agents
                 that
                 work
                 upon
                 the
                 part
                 first
                 affected
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 have
                 shewn
                 at
                 large
                 in
                 another
                 *
                 Treatise
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Humane
                 Body
                 ought
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 look'd
                 upon
                 meerly
                 as
                 an
                 aggregate
                 of
                 Bones
                 ,
                 Flesh
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 consistent
                 parts
                 ,
                 but
                 as
                 a
                 most
                 curious
                 and
                 a
                 living
                 Engin
                 ,
                 some
                 of
                 whose
                 parts
                 ,
                 though
                 so
                 nicely
                 fram'd
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 very
                 easily
                 affected
                 by
                 external
                 Agents
                 ,
                 are
                 yet
                 capable
                 of
                 having
                 great
                 Operations
                 upon
                 the
                 other
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 ,
                 they
                 help
                 to
                 compose
                 .
                 Wherefore
                 without
                 now
                 repeating
                 what
                 is
                 there
                 already
                 deliver'd
                 ,
                 
                 I
                 shall
                 proceed
                 to
                 deliver
                 such
                 Effects
                 as
                 are
                 wrought
                 on
                 Human
                 Bodies
                 by
                 these
                 Effluviums
                 without
                 any
                 immediate
                 contact
                 of
                 the
                 Bodies
                 that
                 emit
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 first
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 mention
                 Light
                 ,
                 because
                 its
                 being
                 or
                 not
                 being
                 a
                 Corporeal
                 thing
                 is
                 much
                 disputed
                 even
                 among
                 the
                 Moderns
                 ;
                 't
                 is
                 plain
                 ,
                 that
                 our
                 organs
                 of
                 Smelling
                 are
                 sensibly
                 affected
                 by
                 such
                 minute
                 Particles
                 of
                 matter
                 as
                 the
                 finest
                 odours
                 consist
                 of
                 .
                 Nor
                 do
                 they
                 alwayes
                 affect
                 us
                 precisely
                 as
                 odours
                 ,
                 since
                 we
                 see
                 ,
                 that
                 many
                 persons
                 ,
                 both
                 men
                 and
                 women
                 ,
                 are
                 by
                 Smells
                 ,
                 either
                 sweet
                 or
                 stinking
                 ,
                 put
                 into
                 troublesom
                 Headaches
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 it
                 were
                 not
                 almost
                 ordinary
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 more
                 than
                 almost
                 incredible
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 smell
                 of
                 a
                 pleasing
                 Perfume
                 should
                 presently
                 produce
                 in
                 a
                 Human
                 Body
                 ,
                 that
                 immediately
                 before
                 was
                 well
                 and
                 strong
                 ,
                 such
                 faintnesses
                 ,
                 swoons
                 ,
                 loss
                 of
                 sensible
                 respiration
                 ,
                 intumescence
                 of
                 the
                 Abdomen
                 ,
                 seeming
                 Epilepsies
                 ,
                 and
                 really
                 convulsive
                 motions
                 of
                 the
                 Limbs
                 ,
                 and
                 
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 how
                 many
                 other
                 frightfull
                 Symptoms
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 the
                 unskilful
                 are
                 often
                 taken
                 for
                 the
                 effects
                 of
                 Witchcraft
                 ,
                 and
                 would
                 impose
                 upon
                 Physicians
                 themselves
                 ,
                 if
                 their
                 own
                 or
                 their
                 Predecessors
                 Experience
                 did
                 not
                 furnish
                 them
                 with
                 Examples
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 Phaenomena
                 produc'd
                 by
                 Natural
                 means
                 .
                 Those
                 Symptoms
                 manifest
                 ,
                 what
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 Parts
                 may
                 do
                 in
                 a
                 Humane
                 Body
                 ;
                 since
                 even
                 Morbifick
                 Odours
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 may
                 so
                 call
                 them
                 ,
                 by
                 immediately
                 affecting
                 the
                 organs
                 of
                 Smelling
                 ,
                 affect
                 so
                 many
                 other
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 
                   genus
                   Nervosum
                
                 ,
                 as
                 oftentimes
                 to
                 produce
                 Convulsive
                 motions
                 ,
                 even
                 in
                 the
                 extreme
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Hands
                 and
                 Feet
                 .
              
               
                 Nor
                 is
                 the
                 efficacy
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 confined
                 to
                 produce
                 Hysterical
                 fits
                 ,
                 since
                 these
                 invisible
                 Particles
                 may
                 be
                 able
                 (
                 and
                 sometimes
                 as
                 suddenly
                 as
                 Perfumes
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 excite
                 them
                 )
                 to
                 appease
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 very
                 frequently
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 with
                 never-failing
                 success
                 ,
                 tryed
                 ,
                 by
                 holding
                 a
                 Spirit
                 ,
                 I
                 usually
                 make
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 ,
                 
                 under
                 the
                 Nostrils
                 of
                 Hysterical
                 persons
                 .
                 My
                 remedy
                 did
                 not
                 only
                 often
                 recover
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 trice
                 ,
                 those
                 whose
                 Fits
                 were
                 but
                 ordinary
                 ,
                 but
                 did
                 more
                 than
                 once
                 ,
                 somewhat
                 to
                 the
                 wonder
                 of
                 the
                 By-standers
                 ,
                 relieve
                 ,
                 within
                 a
                 Minute
                 or
                 two
                 ,
                 persons
                 of
                 differing
                 Ages
                 and
                 Constitutions
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 suddenly
                 fallen
                 down
                 by
                 Fits
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 By-standers
                 judg'd
                 Epileptical
                 ,
                 (
                 but
                 I
                 ,
                 
                   Hysterical
                   .
                
                 )
              
               
                 I
                 attribute
                 the
                 good
                 and
                 evil
                 Operations
                 of
                 the
                 fore-mentioned
                 Steams
                 ,
                 rather
                 in
                 general
                 to
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 the
                 parts
                 that
                 make
                 up
                 the
                 
                   genus
                   Nervosum
                
                 ,
                 than
                 to
                 any
                 hidden
                 Sympathy
                 or
                 Antipathy
                 betwixt
                 them
                 and
                 the
                 Womb
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 for
                 other
                 reasons
                 ,
                 not
                 proper
                 to
                 be
                 insisted
                 on
                 here
                 ,
                 but
                 because
                 I
                 have
                 known
                 Odours
                 have
                 notable
                 Effects
                 even
                 upon
                 Men.
                 I
                 know
                 a
                 very
                 eminent
                 person
                 ,
                 a
                 Traveller
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 man
                 of
                 a
                 strong
                 constitution
                 ,
                 but
                 considerably
                 Sanguine
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 put
                 into
                 violent
                 Head-aches
                 by
                 the
                 Smell
                 of
                 Musk.
                 And
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 that
                 one
                 day
                 being
                 
                 with
                 him
                 and
                 a
                 great
                 many
                 other
                 men
                 of
                 note
                 about
                 a
                 Publick
                 Affair
                 ,
                 a
                 man
                 that
                 had
                 a
                 parcel
                 of
                 Musk
                 about
                 him
                 ,
                 having
                 an
                 occasion
                 to
                 make
                 an
                 application
                 to
                 us
                 ,
                 this
                 person
                 was
                 so
                 disordered
                 by
                 the
                 smell
                 ,
                 which
                 to
                 most
                 of
                 us
                 was
                 delightful
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 spight
                 of
                 his
                 Civility
                 he
                 was
                 reduc'd
                 to
                 make
                 us
                 an
                 Apology
                 ,
                 and
                 send
                 the
                 perfumed
                 man
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 room
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 whose
                 recess
                 this
                 person
                 complained
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 a
                 good
                 while
                 after
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 violent
                 pain
                 in
                 his
                 Head
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 perceived
                 had
                 somewhat
                 unfitted
                 him
                 for
                 the
                 Transaction
                 of
                 the
                 Affair
                 whereof
                 he
                 was
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 chief
                 manager
                 .
                 I
                 know
                 another
                 person
                 ,
                 whose
                 happy
                 Muse
                 hath
                 justly
                 made
                 him
                 many
                 Admirers
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Head-ach
                 upon
                 so
                 mild
                 a
                 smell
                 as
                 that
                 of
                 Damask-Roses
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 even
                 of
                 Red-Roses
                 ,
                 in
                 so
                 much
                 that
                 walking
                 one
                 day
                 with
                 him
                 in
                 a
                 Garden
                 ,
                 whose
                 Alleys
                 were
                 very
                 large
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 he
                 might
                 easily
                 keep
                 himself
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 from
                 the
                 Bushes
                 ,
                 which
                 bore
                 many
                 of
                 them
                 Red-Roses
                 ;
                 
                 he
                 abruptly
                 broke
                 off
                 the
                 discourse
                 we
                 were
                 engag'd
                 in
                 ,
                 to
                 complain
                 of
                 the
                 harm
                 the
                 Perfume
                 did
                 his
                 Head
                 ,
                 and
                 desired
                 me
                 to
                 pass
                 into
                 a
                 Walk
                 ,
                 that
                 had
                 no
                 Roses
                 growing
                 near
                 it
                 .
              
               
                 If
                 it
                 were
                 not
                 for
                 the
                 Sex
                 of
                 this
                 person
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 relate
                 an
                 Instance
                 that
                 would
                 be
                 much
                 more
                 considerable
                 of
                 the
                 Operation
                 of
                 Roses
                 .
                 For
                 I
                 know
                 a
                 discreet
                 Lady
                 to
                 whom
                 their
                 smell
                 is
                 not
                 unpleasing
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 she
                 answer'd
                 me
                 that
                 't
                 was
                 not
                 so
                 at
                 all
                 ,
                 )
                 but
                 so
                 hurtful
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 presently
                 makes
                 her
                 sick
                 ,
                 and
                 would
                 make
                 her
                 swoon
                 if
                 not
                 seasonably
                 prevented
                 :
                 And
                 she
                 told
                 me
                 that
                 being
                 once
                 at
                 a
                 Court
                 in
                 which
                 she
                 was
                 a
                 Maid
                 of
                 Honour
                 ,
                 though
                 she
                 her-self
                 did
                 not
                 know
                 whence
                 it
                 came
                 ,
                 she
                 found
                 her self
                 extremely
                 ill
                 on
                 a
                 sudden
                 ,
                 and
                 ready
                 to
                 sink
                 down
                 for
                 faintness
                 ;
                 but
                 being
                 then
                 in
                 discourse
                 with
                 a
                 person
                 ,
                 whose
                 High
                 Quality
                 she
                 payd
                 her
                 profound
                 respect
                 to
                 ,
                 her
                 Civility
                 ,
                 that
                 kept
                 her
                 from
                 complaining
                 or
                 withdrawing
                 ,
                 might
                 have
                 been
                 dangerous
                 if
                 not
                 fatal
                 to
                 her
                 ,
                 had
                 not
                 the
                 Princess
                 
                 who
                 was
                 speaking
                 with
                 her
                 ,
                 and
                 who
                 knew
                 her
                 Antipathy
                 to
                 Roses
                 ,
                 taken
                 notice
                 that
                 her
                 Face
                 grew
                 strangely
                 pale
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 covered
                 with
                 a
                 cold
                 sweat
                 .
                 For
                 thereby
                 presently
                 guessing
                 what
                 might
                 be
                 the
                 cause
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 sick
                 Lady
                 her self
                 did
                 not
                 ,
                 she
                 asked
                 aloud
                 whether
                 some
                 body
                 had
                 not
                 brought
                 Roses
                 (
                 which
                 were
                 then
                 in
                 season
                 )
                 into
                 the
                 Bed-chamber
                 ,
                 which
                 question
                 occasioned
                 a
                 speedy
                 withdrawing
                 of
                 a
                 Lady
                 ,
                 that
                 stood
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 off
                 ,
                 and
                 had
                 about
                 her
                 Roses
                 ,
                 which
                 were
                 not
                 seen
                 by
                 the
                 Patient
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 preserved
                 from
                 falling
                 into
                 a
                 swoon
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 from
                 being
                 for
                 a
                 while
                 very
                 much
                 discomposed
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 this
                 you
                 may
                 tell
                 me
                 was
                 the
                 case
                 of
                 a
                 Woman
                 ,
                 who
                 complain'd
                 her
                 malady
                 affected
                 her
                 Heart
                 ,
                 not
                 her
                 Head.
                 Wherefore
                 returning
                 to
                 what
                 I
                 was
                 speaking
                 of
                 before
                 I
                 mention'd
                 Her
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 proceed
                 to
                 tell
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 as
                 Odours
                 may
                 thus
                 give
                 Men
                 the
                 Head-ach
                 ,
                 so
                 I
                 have
                 often
                 found
                 the
                 smell
                 of
                 rectified-Spirit
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 
                 to
                 free
                 Men
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 Women
                 from
                 the
                 Fits
                 of
                 that
                 distemper
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 sometimes
                 in
                 so
                 few
                 Minutes
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 person
                 reliev'd
                 could
                 scarcely
                 imagine
                 ,
                 they
                 could
                 so
                 quickly
                 be
                 so
                 .
              
               
                 To
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 add
                 the
                 Tryals
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 successfully
                 made
                 upon
                 my self
                 ,
                 because
                 being
                 ,
                 thanks
                 be
                 to
                 God
                 ,
                 very
                 seldom
                 troubled
                 with
                 that
                 distemper
                 ,
                 the
                 occasions
                 I
                 have
                 had
                 of
                 making
                 them
                 have
                 not
                 been
                 many
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 I
                 have
                 not
                 alwayes
                 found
                 so
                 slight
                 a
                 Remedy
                 to
                 work
                 the
                 desired
                 Cure
                 ,
                 yet
                 that
                 it
                 does
                 it
                 often
                 ,
                 even
                 in
                 Men
                 ,
                 is
                 sufficient
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 Efficacy
                 of
                 Sanative
                 Effluviums
                 .
              
               
                 Now
                 ,
                 to
                 manifest
                 ,
                 that
                 Steams
                 do
                 not
                 Operate
                 only
                 upon
                 Hysterical
                 Women
                 ,
                 or
                 persons
                 subject
                 to
                 the
                 Head-ach
                 ,
                 I
                 will
                 add
                 some
                 Instances
                 of
                 the
                 Effects
                 they
                 may
                 produce
                 upon
                 other
                 persons
                 ,
                 and
                 parts
                 .
              
               
                 'T
                 is
                 but
                 too
                 well
                 known
                 an
                 Observation
                 ,
                 that
                 Women
                 with
                 Child
                 have
                 been
                 often
                 made
                 to
                 miscarry
                 by
                 the
                 stink
                 of
                 an
                 ill-extinguisht
                 Candle
                 ,
                 
                 though
                 perhaps
                 the
                 smoak
                 ascending
                 from
                 the
                 Snuff
                 were
                 dissipated
                 into
                 the
                 invisible
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 a
                 good
                 while
                 before
                 it
                 arriv'd
                 at
                 the
                 Nostrils
                 of
                 the
                 unhappy
                 Woman
                 ;
                 and
                 what
                 violent
                 and
                 straining
                 motions
                 Abortions
                 are
                 frequently
                 accompanied
                 with
                 ,
                 is
                 sufficiently
                 known
                 already
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 think
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 mentioned
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 of
                 my
                 acquaintance
                 ,
                 a
                 proper
                 and
                 lusty
                 man
                 ,
                 will
                 be
                 put
                 into
                 the
                 fits
                 of
                 Vomiting
                 by
                 the
                 smell
                 of
                 Coffee
                 ,
                 boyl'd
                 in
                 Water
                 ;
                 I
                 shall
                 therefore
                 rather
                 mention
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 know
                 a
                 Physician
                 ,
                 who
                 having
                 been
                 ,
                 for
                 a
                 long
                 time
                 when
                 he
                 was
                 young
                 ,
                 frequently
                 compelled
                 to
                 take
                 
                   Electuarium
                   lenitivum
                
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 gentlest
                 and
                 least
                 unpleasant
                 Laxatives
                 of
                 the
                 Shops
                 ,
                 conceived
                 such
                 a
                 dislike
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 still
                 ,
                 as
                 himself
                 has
                 complained
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 if
                 he
                 smell
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 as
                 he
                 sometimes
                 happens
                 to
                 do
                 in
                 Apothecaries
                 Shops
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 work
                 (
                 now
                 and
                 then
                 for
                 several
                 times
                 )
                 upwards
                 and
                 downwards
                 with
                 him
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 know
                 another
                 very
                 ingenious
                 
                 persons
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 faculty
                 ,
                 that
                 has
                 been
                 a
                 Traveller
                 by
                 Sea
                 and
                 Land
                 ,
                 who
                 has
                 complain'd
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 smell
                 of
                 the
                 Grease
                 of
                 the
                 Wheels
                 of
                 a
                 Hackney-coach
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 do
                 but
                 pass
                 by
                 him
                 ,
                 is
                 wont
                 to
                 make
                 him
                 sick
                 and
                 ready
                 to
                 Vomit
                 .
              
               
                 Every
                 body
                 knows
                 ,
                 that
                 Smoak
                 is
                 apt
                 to
                 make
                 mens
                 Eyes
                 water
                 ,
                 and
                 excite
                 in
                 the
                 organs
                 of
                 Respiration
                 that
                 troublesom
                 and
                 vehement
                 commotion
                 we
                 call
                 Coughing
                 .
                 But
                 we
                 need
                 not
                 have
                 recourse
                 at
                 all
                 to
                 visible
                 Fumes
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 production
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 Effects
                 ;
                 since
                 we
                 have
                 often
                 observed
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 repeated
                 Sneezings
                 to
                 boot
                 ,
                 to
                 proceed
                 from
                 the
                 invisible
                 Steams
                 of
                 Spirit
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 ,
                 when
                 Vials
                 containing
                 that
                 liquor
                 ,
                 though
                 they
                 were
                 perhaps
                 but
                 very
                 small
                 ,
                 were
                 approached
                 too
                 hastily
                 ,
                 or
                 perhaps
                 too
                 near
                 to
                 the
                 Nostrils
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 because
                 in
                 most
                 of
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Instances
                 ,
                 the
                 chief
                 Effects
                 seem
                 to
                 be
                 wrought
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 consent
                 of
                 parts
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 
                   genus
                   Nervosum
                
                 and
                 the
                 action
                 of
                 one
                 of
                 them
                 upon
                 the
                 
                 other
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 upon
                 several
                 other
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 ,
                 I
                 will
                 subjoyn
                 a
                 remarkable
                 instance
                 of
                 the
                 Operation
                 of
                 a
                 mild
                 and
                 grateful
                 Odour
                 upon
                 the
                 Humors
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 in
                 a
                 Man.
                 
              
               
                 A
                 famous
                 Apothecary
                 ,
                 who
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 tall
                 and
                 big
                 man
                 ,
                 several
                 times
                 told
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 he
                 was
                 once
                 a
                 great
                 lover
                 of
                 Roses
                 ,
                 yet
                 having
                 had
                 occasion
                 to
                 employ
                 great
                 quantities
                 of
                 them
                 at
                 a
                 time
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 so
                 altered
                 by
                 their
                 Steams
                 ,
                 that
                 now
                 ,
                 if
                 he
                 come
                 among
                 the
                 Rose-bushes
                 ,
                 the
                 smell
                 does
                 much
                 discompose
                 him
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 odour
                 of
                 Roses
                 ,
                 (
                 I
                 mean
                 Incarnate-Roses
                 ,
                 which
                 we
                 commonly
                 call
                 Damask-Roses
                 ,
                 though
                 they
                 be
                 not
                 the
                 true
                 ones
                 ,
                 )
                 makes
                 such
                 a
                 colliquation
                 of
                 Humors
                 in
                 his
                 Head
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 sets
                 him
                 a
                 coughing
                 ,
                 and
                 makes
                 him
                 run
                 at
                 the
                 Nose
                 ,
                 and
                 gives
                 him
                 a
                 sore
                 throat
                 ;
                 and
                 by
                 an
                 affluence
                 of
                 Humors
                 makes
                 his
                 Eyes
                 sore
                 ,
                 in
                 so
                 much
                 that
                 during
                 the
                 season
                 of
                 Roses
                 ,
                 when
                 quantities
                 of
                 them
                 are
                 brought
                 into
                 his
                 House
                 ,
                 he
                 is
                 oblig'd
                 
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 to
                 absent
                 himself
                 from
                 home
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 VII
                 .
              
               
                 ONE
                 may
                 shew
                 on
                 this
                 occasion
                 ,
                 that
                 as
                 there
                 might
                 be
                 considerable
                 things
                 performed
                 by
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 make
                 one
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 living
                 Engine
                 work
                 upon
                 another
                 by
                 virtue
                 of
                 its
                 structure
                 ,
                 so
                 the
                 action
                 of
                 such
                 invisible
                 Agents
                 may
                 in
                 divers
                 cases
                 be
                 much
                 promoted
                 by
                 the
                 fabrick
                 and
                 laws
                 of
                 the
                 Universe
                 it self
                 ,
                 upon
                 this
                 account
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Operation
                 of
                 Effluvia
                 upon
                 particular
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 they
                 may
                 dispose
                 and
                 qualifie
                 those
                 Bodies
                 to
                 be
                 wrought
                 upon
                 ,
                 which
                 before
                 they
                 were
                 not
                 fit
                 to
                 be
                 ,
                 by
                 Light
                 ,
                 Magnetisms
                 ,
                 the
                 Atmosphere
                 ,
                 Gravity
                 or
                 some
                 other
                 of
                 the
                 more
                 Catholick
                 Agents
                 of
                 Nature
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 World
                 is
                 now
                 constituted
                 .
                 But
                 not
                 to
                 injure
                 another
                 Tract
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 conclude
                 this
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 shall
                 have
                 taken
                 
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 Instances
                 hitherto
                 produced
                 ,
                 there
                 has
                 been
                 a
                 visible
                 Local
                 distance
                 between
                 the
                 Body
                 that
                 emits
                 Steams
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 on
                 which
                 they
                 work
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 I
                 thought
                 it
                 necessary
                 ,
                 it
                 were
                 not
                 difficult
                 to
                 shew
                 ,
                 that
                 one
                 might
                 woll
                 enough
                 referr
                 to
                 the
                 title
                 of
                 this
                 Tract
                 divers
                 Effects
                 of
                 Bodies
                 that
                 are
                 applied
                 immediately
                 to
                 ours
                 ;
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 Blood-stones
                 ,
                 Cornelions
                 ,
                 Nephritick-stones
                 ,
                 
                   Lapis
                   Malacensis
                
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 Amulets
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 solid
                 substances
                 applied
                 by
                 Physicians
                 outwardly
                 to
                 our
                 Bodies
                 .
                 For
                 in
                 these
                 applications
                 the
                 gross
                 Body
                 touches
                 but
                 the
                 Skin
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 great
                 Effects
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 elsewhere
                 relate
                 my self
                 to
                 have
                 sometimes
                 (
                 though
                 not
                 often
                 ,
                 much
                 less
                 alwayes
                 )
                 observed
                 to
                 have
                 followed
                 upon
                 this
                 External
                 contact
                 or
                 near
                 application
                 ,
                 may
                 reasonably
                 be
                 derived
                 from
                 the
                 subtle
                 Emanations
                 ,
                 that
                 pass
                 thorow
                 the
                 Pores
                 of
                 the
                 Skin
                 to
                 the
                 inward
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 :
                 As
                 is
                 evident
                 in
                 those
                 ,
                 who
                 by
                 holding
                 Cantharides
                 in
                 their
                 Hands
                 ,
                 or
                 having
                 them
                 apply'd
                 
                 to
                 some
                 remote
                 External
                 part
                 ,
                 have
                 grievous
                 pains
                 produc'd
                 in
                 their
                 Urinary
                 parts
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 has
                 happen'd
                 to
                 Me
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 to
                 many
                 others
                 .
                 And
                 to
                 the
                 insinuation
                 of
                 these
                 minute
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 that
                 get
                 in
                 at
                 the
                 Pores
                 of
                 the
                 Skin
                 ,
                 seems
                 to
                 be
                 due
                 the
                 Efficacy
                 of
                 some
                 Medicines
                 ,
                 that
                 purge
                 ,
                 vomit
                 ,
                 resolve
                 the
                 Humors
                 ,
                 or
                 otherwise
                 notably
                 alter
                 the
                 Body
                 being
                 but
                 externally
                 applied
                 ;
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 could
                 here
                 give
                 several
                 Instances
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 they
                 belong
                 more
                 properly
                 to
                 another
                 place
                 ,
                 and
                 are
                 not
                 necessary
                 in
                 this
                 ,
                 where
                 it
                 may
                 suffice
                 to
                 name
                 the
                 notorious
                 Power
                 ,
                 that
                 Mercurial
                 Oyntments
                 or
                 Fumes
                 ,
                 either
                 together
                 or
                 apart
                 ,
                 have
                 of
                 producing
                 Copious
                 Salvations
                 ,
                 to
                 shew
                 in
                 general
                 ,
                 that
                 both
                 the
                 Steams
                 and
                 the
                 Emanations
                 of
                 outwardly
                 applied
                 Medicinal
                 Bodies
                 may
                 have
                 some
                 great
                 Effects
                 on
                 Human
                 ones
                 .
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
           
             
             
             
               OF
               THE
               
                 Determinate
                 Nature
              
               OF
               EFFLUVIUMS
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
             
               OF
               THE
               DETERMINATE
               NATURE
               OF
               EFFLVVIVMS
               .
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 THE
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 Pyrophilus
                 ,
                 being
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 invisible
                 ,
                 have
                 been
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 so
                 little
                 consider'd
                 by
                 vulgar
                 Philosophers
                 ,
                 that
                 scarce
                 vouchsafing
                 to
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 their
                 Existence
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 no
                 wonder
                 that
                 men
                 have
                 not
                 been
                 solicitous
                 to
                 discover
                 their
                 distinct
                 Natures
                 and
                 Differences
                 .
                 Only
                 *
                 Aristotle
                 ,
                 and
                 (
                 upon
                 his
                 account
                 )
                 the
                 Schools
                 ,
                 have
                 been
                 pleased
                 to
                 
                 think
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 two
                 grand
                 parts
                 of
                 our
                 Globe
                 do
                 sometimes
                 emit
                 two
                 kinds
                 of
                 Exhalations
                 or
                 Steams
                 ;
                 the
                 Earthy
                 part
                 affording
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 hot
                 and
                 dry
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 name
                 Fumes
                 ,
                 and
                 very
                 often
                 ,
                 simply
                 ,
                 Exhalations
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 Aqueous
                 part
                 ,
                 others
                 that
                 are
                 (
                 not
                 as
                 many
                 of
                 his
                 Disciples
                 mistake
                 him
                 to
                 have
                 taught
                 ,
                 Cold
                 and
                 Moist
                 ,
                 but
                 )
                 Hot
                 and
                 Moist
                 *
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 usually
                 call
                 Vapours
                 ,
                 to
                 discriminate
                 them
                 from
                 the
                 Fumes
                 (
                 or
                 Exhalations
                 ,
                 )
                 though
                 otherwise
                 ,
                 in
                 common
                 acceptation
                 ,
                 those
                 Appellations
                 are
                 very
                 frequently
                 confounded
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 Aristotelians
                 have
                 thus
                 perfunctorily
                 handled
                 this
                 Subject
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 not
                 become
                 Corpuscularian
                 Philosophers
                 ,
                 who
                 attribute
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 they
                 do
                 to
                 the
                 Insensible
                 Particles
                 of
                 Matter
                 ,
                 to
                 acquiesce
                 in
                 so
                 slight
                 and
                 jejune
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 Emanations
                 of
                 Bodies
                 .
                 And
                 since
                 we
                 have
                 already
                 shewn
                 ,
                 that
                 besides
                 the
                 greater
                 and
                 more
                 simple
                 Masses
                 
                 of
                 Terrestrial
                 and
                 Aqueous
                 matter
                 newly
                 mention'd
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 very
                 many
                 mixt
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 that
                 emit
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 which
                 make
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 ,
                 little
                 Atmospheres
                 about
                 divers
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 congruous
                 to
                 our
                 Doctrine
                 and
                 Design
                 ,
                 to
                 add
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 ,
                 That
                 besides
                 the
                 slight
                 and
                 obvious
                 differences
                 ,
                 taken
                 notice
                 of
                 by
                 Aristotle
                 ,
                 the
                 Steams
                 of
                 Bodies
                 may
                 be
                 almost
                 as
                 various
                 as
                 the
                 Bodies
                 themselves
                 that
                 emit
                 them
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 therefore
                 we
                 ought
                 not
                 to
                 look
                 upon
                 them
                 barely
                 under
                 the
                 general
                 and
                 confused
                 notion
                 of
                 Smoak
                 or
                 Vapours
                 ,
                 but
                 may
                 probably
                 conceive
                 them
                 to
                 have
                 their
                 distinct
                 and
                 determinate
                 Natures
                 ,
                 oftentimes
                 (
                 though
                 not
                 always
                 )
                 suitable
                 to
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Bodies
                 from
                 whence
                 they
                 proceed
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 indeed
                 the
                 newly
                 mentioned
                 Division
                 of
                 the
                 Schools
                 gives
                 us
                 so
                 slight
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 the
                 Emanations
                 of
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 methinks
                 ,
                 it
                 looks
                 like
                 such
                 another
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 one
                 should
                 divide
                 Animals
                 into
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 Horned
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 that
                 have
                 
                   Two
                   Feet
                
                 :
                 
                 For
                 ,
                 besides
                 that
                 the
                 Distinction
                 is
                 taken
                 from
                 a
                 Difference
                 that
                 is
                 not
                 the
                 considerablest
                 ,
                 there
                 are
                 divers
                 Animals
                 (
                 as
                 many
                 four-footed
                 Beasts
                 and
                 Fishes
                 )
                 that
                 are
                 not
                 comprised
                 in
                 it
                 ;
                 and
                 each
                 member
                 of
                 the
                 Division
                 comprehends
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 how
                 many
                 distinct
                 sorts
                 of
                 Animals
                 ,
                 whose
                 differences
                 from
                 one
                 another
                 are
                 many
                 times
                 more
                 considerable
                 ,
                 than
                 those
                 that
                 constitute
                 the
                 two
                 supreme
                 Genus's
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 having
                 Bulls
                 and
                 Goats
                 ,
                 and
                 Rhinoceros's
                 ,
                 and
                 Deer
                 ,
                 and
                 Elks
                 ,
                 and
                 certain
                 Sea-Monsters
                 whose
                 Horns
                 I
                 have
                 seen
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 other
                 Genus
                 comprising
                 also
                 a
                 greater
                 Variety
                 ,
                 namely
                 ,
                 a
                 great
                 part
                 of
                 Four-footed
                 Beasts
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 besides
                 Men
                 ,
                 all
                 the
                 Birds
                 (
                 for
                 ought
                 we
                 know
                 )
                 whether
                 of
                 Land
                 or
                 Water
                 .
                 And
                 as
                 it
                 would
                 give
                 us
                 but
                 a
                 very
                 slender
                 Information
                 of
                 the
                 Nature
                 of
                 an
                 Elk
                 or
                 an
                 Unicorn
                 ,
                 to
                 know
                 that
                 't
                 is
                 an
                 Horned
                 Beast
                 ;
                 or
                 of
                 the
                 Nature
                 of
                 a
                 Man
                 ,
                 an
                 Eagle
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 Nightingale
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 told
                 ,
                 that
                 't
                 is
                 an
                 Horn-less
                 Beast
                 ;
                 so
                 it
                 will
                 but
                 very
                 little
                 instruct
                 a
                 man
                 
                 in
                 the
                 Nature
                 of
                 the
                 Steams
                 of
                 Quicksilver
                 or
                 of
                 Opium
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 told
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 Vapours
                 Hot
                 (
                 or
                 rather
                 Cold
                 )
                 and
                 Moist
                 ;
                 or
                 of
                 the
                 Steams
                 of
                 Amber
                 or
                 Cantharides
                 ,
                 or
                 Cinnamon
                 ,
                 or
                 Tobacco
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 told
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 Hot
                 and
                 Dry.
                 For
                 ,
                 besides
                 that
                 there
                 may
                 be
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 even
                 by
                 their
                 Elementary
                 Qualities
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 of
                 either
                 of
                 these
                 two
                 supreme
                 Genus's
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 Cold
                 and
                 Dry
                 ,
                 or
                 Cold
                 and
                 Moist
                 ,
                 )
                 these
                 Qualities
                 are
                 often
                 far
                 from
                 being
                 the
                 Noblest
                 ,
                 and
                 consequently
                 those
                 that
                 deserve
                 to
                 be
                 most
                 consider'd
                 in
                 the
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 this
                 ,
                 or
                 that
                 ,
                 Body
                 ;
                 as
                 we
                 shall
                 by
                 and
                 by
                 have
                 occasion
                 to
                 manifest
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 ANd
                 here
                 it
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 improper
                 to
                 mention
                 an
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 I
                 divers
                 years
                 since
                 
                 employed
                 to
                 illustrate
                 the
                 Subject
                 of
                 our
                 present
                 Discourse
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 consider'd
                 then
                 ,
                 that
                 Fluid
                 Bodies
                 may
                 be
                 of
                 very
                 unequal
                 density
                 and
                 gravity
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 evident
                 in
                 Quicksilver
                 ,
                 Water
                 and
                 pure
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ;
                 which
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 their
                 great
                 difference
                 in
                 specifick
                 gravity
                 ,
                 may
                 yet
                 agree
                 in
                 the
                 conditions
                 requisite
                 to
                 Fluid
                 Bodies
                 .
                 Therefore
                 presuming
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 what
                 I
                 could
                 make
                 appear
                 visible
                 in
                 one
                 ,
                 what
                 happens
                 analogically
                 in
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 ocularly
                 illustrated
                 ,
                 I
                 took
                 some
                 Ounces
                 of
                 Roch-allom
                 ,
                 and
                 as
                 much
                 of
                 fine
                 Salt-peter
                 .
                 I
                 took
                 
                   some
                   Ounces
                
                 of
                 each
                 ,
                 because
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 quantity
                 of
                 the
                 ingredients
                 be
                 too
                 small
                 ,
                 the
                 concoagulated
                 grains
                 will
                 be
                 so
                 too
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 success
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 so
                 conspicuous
                 .
                 These
                 being
                 dissolved
                 together
                 in
                 fair
                 Water
                 ,
                 the
                 filtrated
                 solution
                 was
                 set
                 to
                 evaporate
                 in
                 an
                 open-mouthed
                 Glass
                 ,
                 and
                 being
                 then
                 left
                 to
                 shoot
                 in
                 a
                 cool
                 place
                 ,
                 there
                 were
                 fastned
                 to
                 the
                 sides
                 and
                 other
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 several
                 small
                 Crystals
                 ,
                 some
                 Octoedrical
                 ,
                 
                 which
                 is
                 the
                 figure
                 proper
                 to
                 Roch-allom
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 of
                 the
                 Prismatical
                 shape
                 of
                 pure
                 Salt-peter
                 ;
                 besides
                 some
                 other
                 Saline
                 concretions
                 ,
                 whose
                 being
                 distinctly
                 of
                 neither
                 of
                 these
                 two
                 shapes
                 ,
                 argued
                 them
                 to
                 be
                 concoagulations
                 of
                 both
                 the
                 Salts
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 we
                 did
                 by
                 using
                 such
                 a
                 degree
                 of
                 Celerity
                 in
                 Evaporating
                 the
                 liquor
                 ,
                 as
                 was
                 proper
                 for
                 such
                 an
                 effect
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 by
                 another
                 degree
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 to
                 be
                 employ'd
                 when
                 one
                 would
                 recover
                 the
                 Salts
                 more
                 distinctly
                 and
                 manifestly
                 ,
                 the
                 matter
                 may
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 found
                 by
                 tryal
                 )
                 be
                 so
                 ordered
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 aluminous
                 Salt
                 may
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 ,
                 be
                 first
                 coagulated
                 by
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 from
                 the
                 remaining
                 liquor
                 curiously
                 shap'd
                 Crystals
                 of
                 Nitre
                 may
                 be
                 copiously
                 obtained
                 .
              
               
                 Tryals
                 like
                 this
                 we
                 also
                 made
                 with
                 other
                 Salts
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 with
                 Sea-Salt
                 ,
                 and
                 with
                 Allom
                 and
                 Vitriol
                 ;
                 the
                 Phaenomena
                 of
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 meet
                 with
                 in
                 their
                 due
                 places
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 recited
                 Experiment
                 may
                 ,
                 I
                 hope
                 ,
                 alone
                 serve
                 to
                 assist
                 the
                 imagination
                 
                 to
                 conceive
                 ,
                 how
                 the
                 Particles
                 of
                 Bodies
                 may
                 swim
                 to
                 and
                 fro
                 in
                 a
                 Fluid
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 the
                 Air
                 is
                 ,
                 )
                 and
                 though
                 they
                 be
                 little
                 enough
                 to
                 be
                 invisible
                 ,
                 may
                 many
                 of
                 them
                 retain
                 their
                 distinct
                 and
                 determinate
                 natures
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 aptness
                 to
                 cohere
                 upon
                 occasion
                 ;
                 and
                 others
                 may
                 ,
                 by
                 their
                 various
                 occursions
                 and
                 coalitions
                 ,
                 unite
                 into
                 lesser
                 Corpuscles
                 or
                 greater
                 Bodies
                 differing
                 from
                 the
                 more
                 simple
                 Particles
                 ,
                 that
                 composed
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 not
                 of
                 indeterminate
                 though
                 compounded
                 Figures
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 III.
                 
              
               
                 THese
                 things
                 being
                 premis'd
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 now
                 proceed
                 to
                 the
                 particular
                 Instances
                 of
                 the
                 Determinate
                 Nature
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ;
                 and
                 these
                 we
                 may
                 not
                 inconveniently
                 reduce
                 to
                 the
                 three
                 following
                 Heads
                 ,
                 to
                 each
                 of
                 which
                 we
                 shall
                 assign
                 a
                 distinct
                 Chapter
                 ;
                 the
                 first
                 of
                 these
                 I
                 shall
                 
                 briefly
                 treat
                 of
                 in
                 this
                 third
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 and
                 treat
                 somewhat
                 more
                 largely
                 of
                 the
                 others
                 in
                 the
                 two
                 following
                 .
              
               
                 In
                 the
                 first
                 place
                 then
                 ,
                 That
                 the
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 many
                 Bodies
                 retain
                 a
                 determinate
                 Nature
                 oftentimes
                 in
                 an
                 invisible
                 smallness
                 ,
                 and
                 oftener
                 in
                 such
                 a
                 size
                 as
                 makes
                 them
                 little
                 enough
                 to
                 fly
                 or
                 swim
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ;
                 may
                 appear
                 by
                 this
                 ,
                 that
                 these
                 Effluvia
                 being
                 by
                 Condensation
                 or
                 otherwise
                 reunited
                 ,
                 they
                 appear
                 to
                 be
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 nature
                 with
                 the
                 Body
                 that
                 emitted
                 them
                 .
                 Thus
                 in
                 moist
                 weather
                 ,
                 the
                 Vapours
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 that
                 wander
                 invisibly
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 meeting
                 with
                 Marble-Walls
                 or
                 Pavements
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 by
                 their
                 Coldness
                 and
                 other
                 Qualifications
                 ,
                 fit
                 to
                 condense
                 and
                 retain
                 them
                 ,
                 appear
                 again
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 Drops
                 of
                 Water
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 same
                 Vapours
                 return
                 to
                 the
                 visible
                 form
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 fall
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 in
                 Dews
                 ,
                 or
                 Rains.
                 
              
               
                 Quicksilver
                 it self
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 made
                 to
                 ascend
                 in
                 distillation
                 with
                 a
                 convenient
                 degree
                 of
                 Fire
                 ,
                 will
                 almost
                 all
                 
                 be
                 found
                 again
                 in
                 the
                 Receiver
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 running
                 Mercury
                 .
                 Which
                 strange
                 and
                 piercing
                 Fluid
                 ,
                 is
                 in
                 some
                 cases
                 so
                 disposed
                 to
                 be
                 strip'd
                 of
                 its
                 Disguises
                 ,
                 and
                 re-appear
                 in
                 its
                 own
                 form
                 ,
                 that
                 divers
                 Artificers
                 ,
                 and
                 especially
                 Gilders
                 ,
                 have
                 found
                 ,
                 to
                 their
                 cost
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 fumes
                 of
                 it
                 need
                 not
                 be
                 ,
                 as
                 in
                 Distillation
                 ,
                 included
                 in
                 close
                 Vessels
                 to
                 return
                 to
                 their
                 pristine
                 nature
                 ,
                 Mercury
                 having
                 been
                 several
                 times
                 found
                 in
                 the
                 Heads
                 and
                 other
                 parts
                 of
                 such
                 People
                 ,
                 who
                 have
                 in
                 tract
                 of
                 time
                 been
                 killed
                 by
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 made
                 to
                 discover
                 it self
                 during
                 the
                 Lives
                 of
                 those
                 that
                 dealt
                 so
                 much
                 in
                 it
                 ;
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 elsewhere
                 give
                 some
                 Instances
                 .
                 Wherefore
                 I
                 shall
                 only
                 observe
                 at
                 present
                 ,
                 that
                 't
                 is
                 a
                 common
                 Practice
                 ,
                 both
                 among
                 Gilders
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 Chymists
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 have
                 occasion
                 to
                 make
                 an
                 Amalgam
                 ,
                 or
                 force
                 away
                 the
                 Mercury
                 from
                 one
                 by
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 they
                 keep
                 Gold
                 in
                 their
                 Mouthes
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 the
                 Mercurial
                 fumes
                 ,
                 that
                 wander
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 will
                 now
                 and
                 then
                 ,
                 
                 by
                 that
                 time
                 't
                 is
                 taken
                 out
                 of
                 their
                 Mouths
                 ,
                 be
                 turned
                 white
                 almost
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 it
                 had
                 been
                 silver'd
                 over
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 mass
                 of
                 purified
                 Brimstone
                 being
                 sublimed
                 ,
                 the
                 ascending
                 fumes
                 will
                 condense
                 into
                 what
                 the
                 Chymists
                 call
                 
                   Flores
                   Sulphuris
                
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 true
                 Sulphur
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 nature
                 with
                 that
                 ,
                 formerly
                 exposed
                 to
                 sublimation
                 ;
                 and
                 may
                 readily
                 by
                 melting
                 be
                 reduced
                 into
                 such
                 another
                 mass
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 to
                 give
                 you
                 another
                 like
                 Example
                 of
                 dry
                 Bodies
                 ;
                 I
                 tryed
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 subliming
                 good
                 Camphire
                 in
                 close
                 vessels
                 ,
                 it
                 would
                 all
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 sense
                 ,
                 be
                 raised
                 into
                 the
                 upper
                 vessel
                 ,
                 or
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Subliming-glass
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 dry
                 Camphire
                 as
                 it
                 was
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 Nay
                 though
                 a
                 Body
                 be
                 not
                 by
                 Nature
                 ,
                 but
                 Art
                 compounded
                 of
                 such
                 differing
                 Bodies
                 as
                 a
                 Metal
                 and
                 another
                 Mineral
                 ,
                 and
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 Salts
                 ;
                 yet
                 ,
                 if
                 upon
                 Purification
                 of
                 the
                 mixture
                 from
                 its
                 grosser
                 parts
                 ,
                 the
                 remaining
                 and
                 finer
                 parts
                 be
                 minute
                 enough
                 and
                 fitly
                 shap'd
                 ,
                 the
                 whole
                 liquor
                 will
                 ascend
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 in
                 the
                 
                 Receiver
                 altogether
                 recover
                 its
                 pristine
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 transparent
                 Fluid
                 ,
                 composed
                 of
                 differing
                 Saline
                 and
                 Mineral
                 parts
                 .
                 This
                 is
                 evident
                 in
                 the
                 Distillation
                 of
                 what
                 Chymists
                 call
                 Butter
                 ,
                 or
                 Oyl
                 of
                 Antimony
                 ,
                 very
                 well
                 rectified
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 this
                 Liquor
                 will
                 pass
                 into
                 the
                 Receiver
                 diaphanous
                 and
                 fluid
                 ,
                 though
                 ,
                 besides
                 the
                 Particles
                 of
                 the
                 Sublimate
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 it self
                 a
                 factitious
                 compounded
                 Body
                 )
                 it
                 abounds
                 with
                 Antimonial
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 carried
                 over
                 and
                 kept
                 invisible
                 by
                 the
                 corroding
                 Salts
                 ;
                 whatever
                 
                   Angelus
                   Sala
                
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 Chymists
                 that
                 follow
                 him
                 ,
                 have
                 affirm'd
                 to
                 the
                 contrary
                 ;
                 as
                 might
                 be
                 easily
                 here
                 proved
                 ,
                 if
                 this
                 were
                 a
                 fit
                 place
                 to
                 do
                 it
                 in
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 found
                 by
                 inquiring
                 of
                 an
                 Ingenious
                 person
                 ,
                 that
                 had
                 an
                 interest
                 in
                 a
                 Tin-Mine
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 was
                 not
                 deceived
                 in
                 guessing
                 ,
                 that
                 Tin
                 it self
                 ,
                 though
                 a
                 Metal
                 whose
                 Ore
                 is
                 of
                 a
                 very
                 difficult
                 fusion
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 I
                 have
                 by
                 it self
                 kept
                 long
                 upon
                 the
                 Cupel
                 without
                 finding
                 it
                 to
                 fly
                 away
                 ,
                 would
                 yet
                 retain
                 its
                 Metalline
                 nature
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 
                 of
                 fumes
                 or
                 flowers
                 .
                 For
                 this
                 experienc'd
                 Gentleman
                 answer'd
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 divers
                 times
                 they
                 would
                 take
                 great
                 store
                 of
                 a
                 whitish
                 Sublimate
                 from
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Furnaces
                 or
                 Chimnies
                 ,
                 where
                 they
                 brought
                 their
                 Ore
                 to
                 fusion
                 ,
                 or
                 wrought
                 further
                 upon
                 it
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 this
                 Sublimate
                 ,
                 though
                 perhaps
                 elevated
                 to
                 the
                 height
                 of
                 an
                 ordinary
                 Man
                 ,
                 would
                 ,
                 when
                 melted
                 down
                 ,
                 afford
                 at
                 once
                 many
                 Pounds
                 of
                 very
                 good
                 Tin.
                 On
                 which
                 occasion
                 I
                 shall
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 my self
                 more
                 than
                 once
                 raised
                 this
                 Metal
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 white
                 Corpuscles
                 by
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 an
                 Additament
                 ,
                 that
                 did
                 scarce
                 weigh
                 half
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 it
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 IV.
                 
              
               
                 THe
                 second
                 way
                 ,
                 by
                 which
                 we
                 may
                 discover
                 the
                 Determinate
                 Nature
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 is
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 difference
                 that
                 may
                 sometimes
                 be
                 observ'd
                 in
                 their
                 Sensible
                 Qualities
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 
                 these
                 Effluviums
                 that
                 are
                 endow'd
                 with
                 them
                 ,
                 proceed
                 from
                 the
                 same
                 sort
                 of
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 those
                 afforded
                 by
                 one
                 kind
                 of
                 Bodies
                 being
                 in
                 many
                 cases
                 manifestly
                 differing
                 from
                 those
                 that
                 fly
                 off
                 from
                 another
                 ,
                 this
                 evident
                 disparity
                 in
                 their
                 Exhalations
                 argues
                 their
                 retaining
                 distinct
                 natures
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 respective
                 Bodies
                 whence
                 they
                 proceed
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 will
                 not
                 now
                 stay
                 to
                 examine
                 ,
                 whether
                 in
                 the
                 Steams
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 made
                 visibly
                 to
                 ascend
                 from
                 the
                 Terrestrial
                 Globe
                 by
                 those
                 grand
                 Agents
                 and
                 usual
                 raisers
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 agitation
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 the
                 Eye
                 can
                 manifestly
                 distinguish
                 the
                 diversity
                 of
                 colours
                 :
                 But
                 in
                 some
                 productions
                 of
                 Art
                 such
                 different
                 colours
                 may
                 be
                 discovered
                 in
                 the
                 Exhalations
                 ,
                 even
                 without
                 the
                 application
                 of
                 any
                 external
                 heat
                 to
                 raise
                 them
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 when
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Nitre
                 ,
                 
                   for
                   example
                
                 ,
                 has
                 been
                 well
                 rectified
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 often
                 observ'd
                 ,
                 that
                 even
                 in
                 the
                 cold
                 the
                 fumes
                 would
                 play
                 in
                 the
                 unfill'd
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 stop'd
                 Vials
                 it
                 was
                 kept
                 in
                 ,
                 and
                 appear
                 in
                 
                 it
                 of
                 a
                 reddish
                 colour
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 if
                 those
                 vessels
                 were
                 open'd
                 ,
                 the
                 same
                 fumes
                 would
                 copiously
                 ascend
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 reddish
                 or
                 orange-tawny
                 Smoak
                 .
                 Spirit
                 or
                 Oyl
                 of
                 Salt
                 also
                 ,
                 if
                 it
                 be
                 very
                 well
                 dephlegm'd
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 will
                 scarce
                 in
                 the
                 cold
                 visibly
                 ascend
                 in
                 the
                 empty
                 part
                 of
                 a
                 Vial
                 ,
                 whilst
                 it
                 is
                 kept
                 well
                 stop'd
                 ;
                 yet
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 free
                 Air
                 be
                 allow'd
                 access
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 ,
                 in
                 case
                 it
                 be
                 sufficiently
                 rectified
                 ,
                 fly
                 up
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 whitish
                 fume
                 .
                 But
                 this
                 is
                 inconsiderable
                 in
                 comparison
                 of
                 what
                 happens
                 in
                 a
                 volatile
                 Tincture
                 of
                 Sulphur
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 taught
                 you
                 to
                 make
                 with
                 Quick-lime
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 upon
                 a
                 slight
                 occasion
                 the
                 vacant
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Vial
                 will
                 be
                 fill'd
                 with
                 white
                 fumes
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 Glass
                 be
                 well
                 stop'd
                 ;
                 but
                 upon
                 the
                 opening
                 the
                 Vial
                 these
                 fumes
                 will
                 copiously
                 pass
                 out
                 at
                 the
                 neck
                 ,
                 and
                 ascend
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Smoak
                 ,
                 more
                 white
                 than
                 perhaps
                 you
                 ever
                 saw
                 any
                 .
                 And
                 both
                 this
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 the
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Salt-peter
                 do
                 by
                 their
                 operation
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 smell
                 ,
                 
                 disclose
                 what
                 they
                 are
                 ;
                 the
                 latter
                 being
                 of
                 a
                 Nitrous
                 nature
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 is
                 confess'd
                 )
                 and
                 the
                 former
                 ,
                 of
                 a
                 Sulphureous
                 :
                 In
                 so
                 much
                 that
                 having
                 for
                 curiosities
                 sake
                 in
                 a
                 fitly
                 shap'd
                 Glass
                 caught
                 a
                 competent
                 quantity
                 of
                 the
                 ascending
                 white
                 fumes
                 ,
                 I
                 found
                 them
                 to
                 have
                 conven'd
                 into
                 Bodies
                 transparent
                 and
                 Geometrically
                 figur'd
                 ,
                 wherein
                 't
                 was
                 easie
                 to
                 discover
                 by
                 their
                 sensible
                 qualities
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 were
                 store
                 of
                 Sulphureous
                 particles
                 mixt
                 with
                 the
                 Saline
                 ones
                 .
                 That
                 the
                 liquors
                 of
                 Vegetables
                 ,
                 distill'd
                 
                   in
                   Balneo
                
                 or
                 in
                 Water
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 wont
                 to
                 retain
                 any
                 thing
                 of
                 the
                 colour
                 of
                 the
                 Bodies
                 that
                 afforded
                 them
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 thing
                 easie
                 to
                 be
                 observ'd
                 in
                 Distillations
                 made
                 without
                 Retorts
                 or
                 the
                 violence
                 of
                 the
                 Fire
                 .
                 But
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 worth
                 while
                 to
                 make
                 tryal
                 ,
                 whether
                 the
                 Essential
                 Oyl
                 of
                 Wormwood
                 ascend
                 colour'd
                 like
                 the
                 Plant
                 ,
                 whence
                 't
                 is
                 first
                 drawn
                 over
                 with
                 Water
                 in
                 the
                 Limbec
                 ,
                 or
                 rectified
                 
                   in
                   Balneo
                
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 I
                 forgot
                 to
                 take
                 notice
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 when
                 upon
                 some
                 particularities
                 ,
                 I
                 observ'd
                 in
                 that
                 Plant
                 ,
                 
                 my
                 curiosity
                 led
                 me
                 to
                 find
                 ,
                 that
                 not
                 only
                 in
                 the
                 first
                 distillation
                 in
                 a
                 Copper
                 Limbec
                 ,
                 tinn'd
                 on
                 the
                 inside
                 ,
                 the
                 Oyl
                 came
                 over
                 green
                 ,
                 but
                 by
                 a
                 rectification
                 purposely
                 made
                 in
                 a
                 Glass-vessel
                 ,
                 the
                 purified
                 liquor
                 was
                 not
                 depriv'd
                 of
                 that
                 colour
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 mention
                 of
                 these
                 Essential
                 Oyls
                 ,
                 as
                 Chymists
                 call
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 drawn
                 in
                 Limbecs
                 ,
                 leads
                 me
                 to
                 tell
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 though
                 these
                 liquors
                 be
                 but
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 the
                 Vegetables
                 they
                 are
                 distill'd
                 from
                 ,
                 condens'd
                 again
                 in
                 the
                 Receiver
                 into
                 liquors
                 ;
                 yet
                 ,
                 as
                 subtile
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 ,
                 many
                 of
                 them
                 retain
                 the
                 genuine
                 taste
                 of
                 the
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 whence
                 the
                 heat
                 elevated
                 them
                 ;
                 as
                 you
                 will
                 easily
                 find
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 will
                 tast
                 a
                 few
                 drops
                 of
                 the
                 Essential
                 Oyl
                 of
                 Cinamon
                 ,
                 
                   for
                   example
                
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 Wormwood
                 dissolv'd
                 by
                 the
                 intervention
                 of
                 Sugar
                 or
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 in
                 a
                 convenient
                 quantity
                 of
                 Water
                 ,
                 Wine
                 ,
                 or
                 Beer
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 you
                 have
                 the
                 natural
                 taste
                 of
                 this
                 Spice
                 or
                 Herb.
                 And
                 Wormwood
                 is
                 a
                 Plant
                 ,
                 whose
                 Effluvia
                 do
                 so
                 retain
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 that
                 parts
                 with
                 
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 must
                 not
                 forbear
                 to
                 alledge
                 here
                 an
                 Observation
                 of
                 mine
                 ,
                 that
                 may
                 shew
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 't
                 is
                 possible
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 usual
                 ,
                 that
                 even
                 without
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 the
                 Fire
                 the
                 expirations
                 of
                 a
                 Body
                 may
                 communicate
                 its
                 tast
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 among
                 other
                 things
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 had
                 occasion
                 to
                 observe
                 about
                 some
                 quantity
                 of
                 Wormwood
                 laid
                 up
                 together
                 ,
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 I
                 took
                 notice
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 others
                 do
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 that
                 coming
                 into
                 a
                 room
                 ,
                 where
                 't
                 was
                 kept
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 the
                 organs
                 of
                 smelling
                 were
                 powerfully
                 wrought
                 upon
                 by
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 that
                 swarm'd
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 the
                 Mouth
                 was
                 sensibly
                 affected
                 with
                 a
                 bitter
                 tast
                 .
                 Perhaps
                 you
                 will
                 scarce
                 think
                 it
                 worth
                 while
                 ,
                 that
                 after
                 this
                 instance
                 I
                 should
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 found
                 the
                 expirations
                 of
                 Amber
                 ,
                 kept
                 a
                 while
                 in
                 pure
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 tast
                 upon
                 the
                 tongue
                 like
                 Amber
                 it self
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 chew'd
                 it
                 between
                 my
                 teeth
                 .
                 But
                 I
                 choose
                 to
                 mention
                 this
                 instance
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 will
                 connect
                 those
                 lately
                 mention'd
                 with
                 another
                 sort
                 ,
                 very
                 pertinent
                 to
                 our
                 present
                 purpose
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 
                 the
                 expirations
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 obtain'd
                 from
                 Amber
                 ,
                 both
                 with
                 pure
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 and
                 a
                 more
                 piercing
                 Menstruum
                 ,
                 did
                 manifestly
                 retain
                 in
                 both
                 those
                 liquors
                 a
                 peculiar
                 smell
                 ,
                 with
                 which
                 I
                 found
                 it
                 to
                 affect
                 the
                 Nostrils
                 ,
                 when
                 ,
                 for
                 tryals
                 sake
                 ,
                 I
                 excited
                 the
                 Electrical
                 faculty
                 of
                 Amber
                 by
                 rubbing
                 .
                 And
                 as
                 for
                 Odours
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 plain
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Essential
                 Oyls
                 of
                 Chymists
                 ,
                 well
                 drawn
                 ,
                 do
                 many
                 of
                 them
                 retain
                 the
                 peculiar
                 and
                 genuine
                 sent
                 of
                 the
                 Spices
                 or
                 Herbs
                 that
                 afforded
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 that
                 these
                 Odours
                 do
                 really
                 consist
                 of
                 ,
                 or
                 reside
                 in
                 certain
                 invisible
                 Corpuscles
                 that
                 fly
                 off
                 from
                 the
                 visible
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 said
                 to
                 be
                 endow'd
                 with
                 such
                 Smells
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 prov'd
                 at
                 large
                 ;
                 and
                 it
                 may
                 sufficiently
                 appear
                 from
                 their
                 sticking
                 to
                 divers
                 of
                 the
                 Bodies
                 they
                 meet
                 with
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 lasting
                 adhesion
                 to
                 them
                 .
              
               
                 Other
                 Examples
                 may
                 be
                 given
                 of
                 the
                 setled
                 difference
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 directly
                 perceivable
                 by
                 Humane
                 Organs
                 of
                 Sense
                 ,
                 as
                 dull
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 ;
                 
                 which
                 last
                 expression
                 I
                 add
                 ,
                 because
                 I
                 scarce
                 doubt
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 ,
                 if
                 our
                 Sensories
                 were
                 sufficiently
                 subtile
                 and
                 tender
                 ,
                 they
                 might
                 immediately
                 perceive
                 in
                 the
                 size
                 ,
                 shape
                 ,
                 motion
                 ,
                 and
                 perhaps
                 colour
                 too
                 of
                 some
                 now
                 invisible
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 as
                 distinguishable
                 differences
                 ,
                 as
                 our
                 naked
                 Eyes
                 in
                 their
                 present
                 constitution
                 see
                 ,
                 between
                 the
                 differing
                 sorts
                 of
                 Birds
                 ,
                 by
                 their
                 appearances
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 manner
                 of
                 flying
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 as
                 Hawks
                 ,
                 and
                 Partridges
                 ,
                 and
                 Sparrows
                 ,
                 and
                 Swallows
                 .
                 To
                 make
                 this
                 probable
                 I
                 will
                 not
                 urge
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 fine
                 white
                 Sand
                 ,
                 whose
                 grains
                 by
                 the
                 unassisted
                 Eye
                 are
                 not
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 distinguished
                 by
                 any
                 sensible
                 Quality
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 often
                 observ'd
                 in
                 an
                 excellent
                 Microscope
                 ,
                 a
                 notable
                 disparity
                 as
                 to
                 bulk
                 ,
                 figure
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 as
                 to
                 colour
                 :
                 And
                 that
                 in
                 small
                 Cheese-mites
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 naked
                 Eye
                 can
                 very
                 scarcely
                 discern
                 ,
                 so
                 far
                 is
                 it
                 from
                 discovering
                 any
                 difference
                 between
                 them
                 ,
                 one
                 may
                 (
                 as
                 was
                 noted
                 in
                 the
                 last
                 essay
                 )
                 plainly
                 see
                 ,
                 besides
                 an
                 obvious
                 difference
                 in
                 point
                 of
                 bigness
                 ,
                 
                 many
                 particular
                 parts
                 ,
                 on
                 whose
                 accounts
                 the
                 structure
                 of
                 those
                 
                   moving
                   points
                
                 may
                 difference
                 them
                 from
                 each
                 other
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 have
                 sometimes
                 seen
                 a
                 very
                 evident
                 disparity
                 even
                 in
                 point
                 of
                 shape
                 between
                 the
                 very
                 Eggs
                 of
                 these
                 
                   living
                   Atoms
                
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 a
                 Poet
                 would
                 perhaps
                 stile
                 them
                 .
                 )
                 But
                 these
                 kinds
                 of
                 proofs
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 was
                 saying
                 )
                 I
                 shall
                 forbear
                 to
                 insist
                 on
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 may
                 proceed
                 to
                 countenance
                 my
                 conjecture
                 by
                 the
                 effects
                 of
                 the
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 properly
                 so
                 call'd
                 ,
                 upon
                 Animals
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 first
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 Touch
                 be
                 reckon'd
                 one
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 dull
                 of
                 the
                 five
                 Senses
                 ,
                 and
                 be
                 reputed
                 to
                 be
                 far
                 less
                 quick
                 in
                 Men
                 than
                 in
                 divers
                 other
                 Animals
                 ;
                 yet
                 the
                 gross
                 Organs
                 of
                 that
                 ,
                 may
                 ,
                 in
                 Men
                 themselves
                 ,
                 even
                 by
                 accident
                 ,
                 be
                 so
                 dispos'd
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 susceptible
                 of
                 impressions
                 from
                 Effluvia
                 :
                 Of
                 this
                 in
                 another
                 Paper
                 I
                 give
                 some
                 Instances
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 whether
                 divers
                 of
                 the
                 Presages
                 of
                 Weather
                 to
                 be
                 observ'd
                 in
                 some
                 Animals
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Aches
                 and
                 other
                 pains
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 in
                 many
                 crazy
                 and
                 wounded
                 
                 men
                 ,
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 fore-run
                 great
                 changes
                 of
                 Weather
                 ,
                 do
                 not
                 often
                 (
                 for
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 say
                 alwayes
                 )
                 proceed
                 (
                 at
                 least
                 in
                 part
                 )
                 from
                 invisible
                 and
                 yet
                 incongruous
                 Effluxions
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 either
                 from
                 the
                 subterraneal
                 parts
                 ,
                 or
                 from
                 some
                 Bodies
                 above
                 ground
                 ,
                 do
                 copiously
                 impregnate
                 the
                 Air.
                 And
                 on
                 this
                 occasion
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 impertinent
                 to
                 mention
                 here
                 what
                 an
                 experienc'd
                 Physician
                 being
                 (
                 if
                 I
                 much
                 misremember
                 not
                 )
                 the
                 Learned
                 Dimmerbrook
                 ,
                 relates
                 concerning
                 himself
                 ,
                 who
                 having
                 been
                 infected
                 with
                 the
                 Plague
                 by
                 a
                 Patient
                 that
                 lay
                 very
                 ill
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 though
                 by
                 Gods
                 blessing
                 ,
                 which
                 he
                 particularly
                 acknowledges
                 ,
                 upon
                 a
                 slight
                 but
                 seasonable
                 Remedy
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 very
                 quickly
                 cured
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 without
                 the
                 breaking
                 of
                 any
                 Tumor
                 ;
                 yet
                 it
                 left
                 such
                 a
                 change
                 in
                 some
                 parts
                 of
                 his
                 Body
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 subjoyns
                 this
                 memorable
                 passage
                 ;
                 
                   Ab
                   illo
                   periculo
                   ad
                   contagiosos
                   mihi
                   appropinquanti
                   in
                   emunctoriis
                   successit
                   dolor
                   ,
                   vix
                   fallax
                   Pestis
                   indicium
                   .
                
              
               
                 Two
                 or
                 three
                 other
                 Observations
                 
                 of
                 the
                 like
                 nature
                 you
                 meet
                 with
                 in
                 another
                 of
                 my
                 Papers
                 *
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 know
                 an
                 ingenious
                 Gentlewoman
                 (
                 Wife
                 to
                 a
                 famous
                 Physician
                 )
                 who
                 was
                 of
                 a
                 very
                 curious
                 and
                 delicate
                 complexion
                 ,
                 that
                 has
                 several
                 times
                 assur'd
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 she
                 can
                 very
                 readily
                 discover
                 ,
                 whether
                 a
                 person
                 ,
                 that
                 comes
                 to
                 visit
                 her
                 in
                 Winter
                 ,
                 came
                 from
                 some
                 place
                 where
                 there
                 is
                 any
                 considerable
                 quantity
                 of
                 Snow
                 ;
                 and
                 this
                 she
                 does
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 she
                 tells
                 me
                 )
                 not
                 by
                 feeling
                 any
                 unusual
                 cold
                 (
                 for
                 if
                 the
                 ground
                 be
                 frozen
                 but
                 not
                 cover'd
                 with
                 Snow
                 ,
                 the
                 Effect
                 succeeds
                 not
                 ,
                 )
                 but
                 from
                 some
                 peculiar
                 impression
                 ,
                 which
                 she
                 thinks
                 ,
                 she
                 receives
                 by
                 the
                 organs
                 of
                 Smelling
                 .
                 I
                 might
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 know
                 also
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 may
                 have
                 formerly
                 told
                 you
                 )
                 a
                 very
                 ingenious
                 Physician
                 ,
                 who
                 falling
                 into
                 an
                 odd
                 kind
                 of
                 Feaver
                 ,
                 had
                 his
                 sense
                 of
                 Hearing
                 thereby
                 made
                 so
                 very
                 nice
                 and
                 tender
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 very
                 plainly
                 heard
                 soft
                 whispers
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 made
                 at
                 a
                 considerable
                 distance
                 off
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 were
                 
                 not
                 in
                 the
                 least
                 perceiv'd
                 by
                 the
                 healthy
                 by-standers
                 ,
                 nor
                 would
                 have
                 been
                 by
                 him
                 before
                 his
                 sickness
                 .
                 Which
                 (
                 sickness
                 )
                 I
                 mention
                 as
                 the
                 thing
                 ,
                 that
                 gave
                 his
                 organs
                 of
                 Hearing
                 this
                 preternatural
                 quickness
                 ,
                 because
                 when
                 the
                 Feaver
                 had
                 quite
                 left
                 him
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 able
                 to
                 hear
                 but
                 at
                 the
                 rate
                 of
                 other
                 men
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 might
                 tell
                 you
                 too
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 know
                 a
                 Gentleman
                 of
                 eminent
                 parts
                 and
                 note
                 ,
                 who
                 ,
                 during
                 a
                 distemper
                 he
                 had
                 in
                 his
                 Eyes
                 ,
                 had
                 his
                 organs
                 of
                 Sight
                 brought
                 to
                 be
                 so
                 tender
                 ,
                 that
                 both
                 his
                 friends
                 and
                 himself
                 also
                 have
                 assur'd
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 he
                 wak'd
                 in
                 the
                 Night
                 he
                 could
                 for
                 a
                 while
                 plainly
                 see
                 and
                 distinguish
                 Colours
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 other
                 objects
                 ,
                 discernable
                 by
                 the
                 Eye
                 ,
                 as
                 was
                 more
                 than
                 once
                 try'd
                 ,
                 by
                 pinning
                 Ribbands
                 or
                 the
                 like
                 Bodies
                 of
                 several
                 colours
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 inside
                 of
                 his
                 Curtains
                 in
                 the
                 dark
                 .
                 For
                 if
                 he
                 were
                 awaken'd
                 in
                 the
                 Night
                 ,
                 he
                 would
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 tell
                 his
                 bed-fellow
                 ,
                 where
                 those
                 Bodies
                 were
                 plac'd
                 ,
                 and
                 what
                 colour
                 each
                 of
                 them
                 was
                 of
                 .
              
               
               
                 I
                 have
                 mention'd
                 these
                 Instances
                 only
                 to
                 shew
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 our
                 Sensories
                 were
                 more
                 delicate
                 and
                 quick
                 ,
                 they
                 would
                 be
                 sufficiently
                 affected
                 by
                 Objects
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 generally
                 constituted
                 ,
                 make
                 no
                 impressions
                 at
                 all
                 upon
                 them
                 .
                 For
                 otherwise
                 I
                 know
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Species
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 call
                 them
                 )
                 both
                 of
                 Sounds
                 and
                 Colours
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 held
                 by
                 many
                 of
                 the
                 Moderns
                 ,
                 (
                 from
                 whom
                 in
                 that
                 I
                 dissent
                 not
                 ,
                 )
                 to
                 be
                 so
                 much
                 corporeal
                 Effluxions
                 ,
                 trajected
                 through
                 the
                 medium
                 ,
                 as
                 peculiar
                 kinds
                 of
                 Local
                 Motion
                 convey'd
                 by
                 it
                 .
                 Therefore
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 confirm
                 the
                 conjecture
                 I
                 would
                 countenance
                 by
                 the
                 discrimination
                 made
                 by
                 the
                 organs
                 of
                 other
                 Animals
                 of
                 such
                 Effluvia
                 as
                 to
                 us
                 men
                 are
                 not
                 only
                 invisible
                 but
                 insensible
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 partly
                 to
                 strengthen
                 what
                 I
                 deliver'd
                 ,
                 and
                 partly
                 to
                 confirm
                 what
                 I
                 am
                 now
                 discoursing
                 of
                 ,
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 impertinent
                 to
                 subjoyn
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 Relations
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 had
                 from
                 persons
                 of
                 very
                 good
                 credit
                 ,
                 whom
                 I
                 thought
                 likely
                 to
                 make
                 me
                 no
                 unsatisfactory
                 returns
                 
                 to
                 my
                 Questions
                 about
                 things
                 they
                 were
                 very
                 well
                 vers'd
                 in
                 .
              
               
                 A
                 person
                 of
                 Quality
                 ,
                 to
                 whom
                 I
                 am
                 near
                 allied
                 ,
                 related
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 to
                 make
                 a
                 tryal
                 ,
                 whether
                 a
                 young
                 Blood-hound
                 was
                 well
                 instructed
                 ,
                 (
                 or
                 as
                 the
                 Huntsmen
                 call
                 it
                 ,
                 made
                 )
                 he
                 caus'd
                 one
                 of
                 his
                 Servants
                 ,
                 who
                 had
                 not
                 kill'd
                 ,
                 or
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 touch'd
                 any
                 of
                 his
                 Deer
                 ,
                 to
                 walk
                 to
                 a
                 Countrey-town
                 ,
                 four
                 Mile
                 off
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 to
                 a
                 Market-town
                 three
                 Miles
                 distant
                 from
                 thence
                 ;
                 which
                 done
                 ,
                 this
                 Nobleman
                 did
                 ,
                 a
                 competent
                 while
                 after
                 ,
                 put
                 the
                 Blood-hound
                 upon
                 the
                 scent
                 of
                 the
                 man
                 ,
                 and
                 caus'd
                 him
                 to
                 be
                 follow'd
                 by
                 a
                 Servant
                 or
                 two
                 ,
                 the
                 Master
                 himself
                 thinking
                 it
                 also
                 fit
                 to
                 go
                 after
                 them
                 to
                 see
                 the
                 event
                 ;
                 which
                 was
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Dog
                 ,
                 without
                 ever
                 seeing
                 the
                 Man
                 he
                 was
                 to
                 pursue
                 ,
                 follow'd
                 him
                 by
                 the
                 scent
                 to
                 the
                 above-mentioned
                 places
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 the
                 multitude
                 of
                 Market-people
                 that
                 went
                 along
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 way
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 Travellers
                 that
                 had
                 occasion
                 to
                 cross
                 it
                 .
                 And
                 when
                 the
                 Blood-hound
                 came
                 to
                 the
                 
                 chief
                 Market-town
                 ,
                 he
                 pass'd
                 through
                 the
                 streets
                 ,
                 without
                 taking
                 notice
                 of
                 any
                 of
                 the
                 people
                 there
                 ,
                 and
                 left
                 not
                 till
                 he
                 had
                 gone
                 to
                 the
                 House
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 Man
                 ,
                 he
                 sought
                 ,
                 rested
                 himself
                 ,
                 and
                 found
                 him
                 in
                 an
                 upper
                 Room
                 to
                 the
                 wonder
                 of
                 those
                 that
                 follow'd
                 him
                 .
                 The
                 particulars
                 of
                 this
                 Narrative
                 the
                 Nobleman's
                 Wife
                 ,
                 a
                 person
                 of
                 great
                 veracity
                 ,
                 that
                 happen'd
                 to
                 be
                 with
                 him
                 when
                 the
                 tryal
                 was
                 made
                 ,
                 confirm'd
                 to
                 me
                 .
              
               
                 Enquiring
                 of
                 a
                 studious
                 person
                 ,
                 that
                 was
                 Keeper
                 of
                 a
                 Red-dear-park
                 and
                 vers'd
                 in
                 making
                 Blood-hounds
                 ,
                 in
                 how
                 long
                 time
                 ,
                 after
                 a
                 Man
                 or
                 Deer
                 had
                 pass'd
                 by
                 a
                 grassy
                 place
                 ,
                 one
                 of
                 those
                 Dogs
                 would
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 follow
                 him
                 by
                 the
                 scent
                 ?
                 He
                 told
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 six
                 or
                 seven
                 Hours
                 :
                 Whereupon
                 an
                 ingenious
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 that
                 chanc'd
                 to
                 be
                 present
                 ,
                 and
                 liv'd
                 near
                 that
                 Park
                 ,
                 assur'd
                 us
                 both
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 had
                 old
                 Dogs
                 of
                 so
                 good
                 a
                 scent
                 ,
                 that
                 if
                 a
                 Buck
                 had
                 the
                 day
                 before
                 pass'd
                 in
                 a
                 Wood
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 come
                 where
                 the
                 scent
                 lies
                 ,
                 
                 though
                 at
                 such
                 a
                 distance
                 of
                 time
                 after
                 ,
                 presently
                 find
                 the
                 scent
                 and
                 run
                 directly
                 to
                 that
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Wood
                 where
                 the
                 Buck
                 is
                 .
                 He
                 also
                 told
                 me
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 an
                 old
                 Blood-hound
                 will
                 not
                 so
                 easily
                 fix
                 on
                 the
                 scent
                 of
                 a
                 single
                 Deer
                 ,
                 that
                 presently
                 hides
                 himself
                 in
                 a
                 whole
                 herd
                 ;
                 yet
                 if
                 the
                 Deer
                 be
                 chas'd
                 a
                 little
                 till
                 he
                 be
                 heated
                 ,
                 the
                 Dog
                 will
                 go
                 nigh
                 to
                 single
                 him
                 out
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 whole
                 herd
                 also
                 be
                 chas'd
                 .
                 The
                 above-nam'd
                 Gentleman
                 also
                 affirm'd
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 could
                 easily
                 distinguish
                 whether
                 his
                 Hounds
                 were
                 in
                 chase
                 of
                 a
                 Hare
                 or
                 a
                 Fox
                 by
                 their
                 way
                 of
                 running
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 holding
                 up
                 their
                 Nose
                 higher
                 than
                 ordinary
                 when
                 they
                 pursue
                 a
                 Fox
                 ,
                 whose
                 scent
                 is
                 more
                 strong
                 .
                 These
                 Relations
                 will
                 not
                 be
                 judg'd
                 incredible
                 by
                 him
                 that
                 reflects
                 on
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Instances
                 that
                 have
                 already
                 (
                 in
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Essay
                 )
                 been
                 given
                 of
                 the
                 strange
                 subtilty
                 of
                 Effluvia
                 :
                 To
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 that
                 to
                 try
                 whether
                 I
                 could
                 in
                 some
                 measure
                 make
                 Art
                 imitate
                 Nature
                 ,
                 I
                 prepared
                 a
                 Body
                 
                 of
                 a
                 vegetable
                 substance
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 were
                 actually
                 cold
                 ,
                 and
                 both
                 to
                 the
                 Eye
                 and
                 Touch
                 dry
                 ,
                 did
                 for
                 a
                 while
                 emit
                 such
                 determinate
                 and
                 piercing
                 ,
                 though
                 invisible
                 ,
                 Exhalations
                 ,
                 that
                 having
                 for
                 Tryals
                 sake
                 applied
                 to
                 it
                 a
                 clear
                 Metalline
                 Plate
                 (
                 and
                 that
                 of
                 none
                 of
                 the
                 very
                 softest
                 kind
                 neither
                 )
                 for
                 about
                 one
                 Minute
                 of
                 an
                 Hour
                 ,
                 I
                 found
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 though
                 there
                 had
                 ▪
                 been
                 no
                 immediate
                 contact
                 between
                 them
                 ,
                 I
                 having
                 pursposely
                 interposed
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Paper
                 to
                 hinder
                 it
                 ;
                 yet
                 there
                 was
                 imprinted
                 on
                 the
                 surface
                 of
                 the
                 Plate
                 a
                 conspicuous
                 stain
                 of
                 that
                 peculiar
                 colour
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Body
                 ,
                 with
                 whose
                 Steams
                 I
                 had
                 imbued
                 the
                 vegetable
                 substance
                 ,
                 was
                 fitted
                 to
                 give
                 a
                 Plate
                 of
                 that
                 mix'd
                 Metal
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 it
                 be
                 true
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 some
                 circumstances
                 ,
                 the
                 lately
                 mention'd
                 Instances
                 about
                 Blood-hounds
                 have
                 a
                 considerable
                 advantage
                 of
                 this
                 I
                 have
                 now
                 recited
                 ;
                 yet
                 that
                 advantage
                 is
                 much
                 lessen'd
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 say
                 countervail'd
                 ,
                 by
                 some
                 circumstances
                 of
                 our
                 Experiment
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 not
                 to
                 repeat
                 ,
                 
                 that
                 the
                 emittent
                 Body
                 was
                 firm
                 and
                 cold
                 ,
                 the
                 Effect
                 produced
                 by
                 the
                 Effluvium
                 that
                 guided
                 the
                 Setting-dog
                 ,
                 was
                 wrought
                 upon
                 the
                 Sensory
                 of
                 a
                 living
                 and
                 warm
                 Animal
                 ;
                 and
                 such
                 an
                 one
                 ,
                 whose
                 organs
                 of
                 Smelling
                 are
                 of
                 an
                 extraordinary
                 tender
                 Constitution
                 above
                 those
                 of
                 Men
                 and
                 other
                 Animals
                 ,
                 and
                 probably
                 the
                 Impression
                 was
                 but
                 transient
                 ;
                 whereas
                 in
                 our
                 case
                 the
                 invisible
                 Steams
                 of
                 the
                 vegetable
                 substance
                 wrought
                 upon
                 a
                 Body
                 which
                 was
                 of
                 so
                 strong
                 and
                 inorganical
                 a
                 Texture
                 as
                 a
                 (
                 compounded
                 )
                 Metal
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 were
                 fenc'd
                 by
                 being
                 lapt
                 up
                 in
                 Paper
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 which
                 these
                 Steams
                 invaded
                 it
                 in
                 such
                 numbers
                 ,
                 and
                 so
                 notably
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 make
                 their
                 Operation
                 on
                 it
                 manifest
                 to
                 the
                 Eye
                 ,
                 and
                 considerably
                 permanent
                 too
                 ;
                 since
                 coming
                 to
                 look
                 upon
                 the
                 Plate
                 after
                 the
                 third
                 day
                 ,
                 I
                 found
                 the
                 induced
                 Colour
                 yet
                 conspicuous
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 like
                 suddenly
                 to
                 vanish
                 .
              
               
                 Hitherto
                 in
                 this
                 Chapter
                 I
                 have
                 argued
                 from
                 the
                 constant
                 and
                 setled
                 
                 difference
                 of
                 the
                 sensible
                 Qualities
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 do
                 not
                 always
                 lose
                 their
                 distinct
                 natures
                 ,
                 when
                 they
                 seem
                 to
                 have
                 lost
                 themselves
                 by
                 vanishing
                 into
                 Air.
                 But
                 before
                 I
                 dismiss
                 this
                 Subject
                 ,
                 I
                 must
                 consider
                 an
                 Objection
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 know
                 may
                 be
                 made
                 against
                 the
                 Opinion
                 we
                 have
                 been
                 countenancing
                 .
                 For
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 alledg'd
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 may
                 be
                 many
                 cases
                 ,
                 wherein
                 the
                 Effluviums
                 of
                 Bodies
                 are
                 ,
                 in
                 their
                 passage
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 sensibly
                 alter'd
                 ,
                 or
                 do
                 affect
                 the
                 Organs
                 of
                 sense
                 otherwise
                 than
                 each
                 kind
                 of
                 them
                 apart
                 would
                 do
                 :
                 Nor
                 is
                 this
                 difficulty
                 altogether
                 irrational
                 .
                 For
                 it
                 seems
                 consonant
                 enough
                 to
                 Experience
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 such
                 cases
                 should
                 be
                 admitted
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 in
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Discourse
                 I
                 have
                 ,
                 where
                 I
                 thought
                 it
                 necessary
                 ,
                 forborn
                 to
                 express
                 my self
                 in
                 such
                 general
                 and
                 absolute
                 terms
                 ,
                 as
                 otherwise
                 I
                 might
                 have
                 done
                 .
                 But
                 ,
                 as
                 for
                 such
                 cases
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 insisted
                 upon
                 ,
                 and
                 many
                 more
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 represent
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 objected
                 alterations
                 need
                 not
                 hinder
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 
                 Effluviums
                 at
                 their
                 first
                 parting
                 from
                 the
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 whence
                 they
                 take
                 wing
                 (
                 if
                 I
                 may
                 so
                 speak
                 ,
                 )
                 may
                 retain
                 as
                 much
                 of
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 those
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 have
                 ascribed
                 to
                 them
                 ,
                 since
                 the
                 subsequent
                 change
                 may
                 very
                 probably
                 be
                 deduc'd
                 from
                 the
                 combinations
                 or
                 coalitions
                 of
                 divers
                 Steams
                 associating
                 themselves
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 and
                 acting
                 upon
                 the
                 Sensory
                 ,
                 either
                 altogether
                 and
                 conjointly
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 least
                 so
                 near
                 it
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Sense
                 cannot
                 perceive
                 their
                 Operations
                 as
                 distinct
                 .
                 This
                 I
                 shall
                 elucidate
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 pretend
                 to
                 prove
                 ,
                 by
                 what
                 happens
                 in
                 Sounds
                 and
                 Tasts
                 .
                 For
                 if
                 ,
                 by
                 way
                 of
                 instance
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 Musical
                 instrument
                 ,
                 two
                 strings
                 tun'd
                 to
                 an
                 eight
                 ,
                 be
                 touch'd
                 together
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 strike
                 the
                 Ear
                 with
                 a
                 sound
                 ,
                 that
                 will
                 be
                 judg'd
                 one
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 pleasing
                 ,
                 though
                 each
                 of
                 the
                 trembling
                 strings
                 make
                 a
                 distinct
                 noise
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 one
                 vibrates
                 as
                 fast
                 again
                 as
                 the
                 other
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 ,
                 into
                 Oyl
                 of
                 Tartar
                 
                   per
                   Deliquium
                
                 ,
                 you
                 drop
                 a
                 due
                 proportion
                 of
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Nitre
                 ,
                 and
                 exhale
                 the
                 superfluous
                 moisture
                 ,
                 
                 the
                 Acid
                 and
                 Alcalizate
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 so
                 small
                 as
                 to
                 swim
                 invisibly
                 in
                 those
                 liquors
                 ,
                 will
                 convene
                 into
                 Nitrous
                 Concretions
                 ,
                 whose
                 tast
                 will
                 be
                 compounded
                 of
                 ,
                 but
                 very
                 differing
                 from
                 ,
                 both
                 the
                 tasts
                 of
                 the
                 Acid
                 and
                 Tartareous
                 Particles
                 ;
                 which
                 Particles
                 may
                 yet
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 skilful
                 Distillation
                 ,
                 be
                 divorc'd
                 again
                 .
                 And
                 so
                 ,
                 if
                 to
                 a
                 strong
                 solution
                 of
                 Pot-ashes
                 or
                 Salt
                 of
                 Tartar
                 you
                 put
                 as
                 much
                 in
                 weight
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 ,
                 as
                 there
                 is
                 of
                 either
                 of
                 those
                 fixt
                 Salts
                 contain'd
                 in
                 the
                 liquor
                 ;
                 you
                 may
                 ,
                 besides
                 a
                 subtil
                 Urinous
                 Spirit
                 that
                 will
                 easily
                 come
                 over
                 in
                 the
                 distillation
                 ,
                 obtain
                 a
                 dry
                 
                   Caput
                   mortuum
                
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 almost
                 totally
                 a
                 compounded
                 Salt
                 ,
                 differing
                 enough
                 from
                 either
                 of
                 the
                 ingredients
                 ,
                 especially
                 the
                 Alcalizate
                 ,
                 as
                 well
                 in
                 Tast
                 as
                 in
                 some
                 other
                 Qualities
                 :
                 This
                 Salt
                 (
                 free'd
                 from
                 its
                 faeces
                 )
                 being
                 that
                 Diuretick
                 Salt
                 ,
                 I
                 several
                 years
                 ago
                 gave
                 quantities
                 of
                 ,
                 to
                 some
                 Chymists
                 and
                 Physicians
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 most
                 of
                 whom
                 I
                 received
                 great
                 thanks
                 ,
                 accompanied
                 
                 with
                 the
                 (
                 more
                 acceptable
                 )
                 accounts
                 of
                 the
                 very
                 happy
                 success
                 they
                 had
                 employed
                 it
                 with
                 ,
                 though
                 usually
                 but
                 in
                 a
                 small
                 Dose
                 ,
                 as
                 from
                 six
                 ,
                 eight
                 or
                 ten
                 Grains
                 to
                 a
                 Scruple
                 .
                 But
                 this
                 being
                 mentioned
                 only
                 upon
                 the
                 by
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 proceed
                 to
                 tell
                 you
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 since
                 I
                 intimated
                 to
                 you
                 already
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 would
                 mention
                 Examples
                 of
                 Sounds
                 and
                 Tasts
                 only
                 to
                 illustrate
                 what
                 I
                 had
                 been
                 delivering
                 ;
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 add
                 some
                 Instances
                 by
                 way
                 of
                 Proof
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 Coalition
                 and
                 resulting
                 change
                 of
                 Steams
                 in
                 the
                 Air.
                 'T
                 is
                 easily
                 observable
                 in
                 some
                 Nose-gays
                 ,
                 where
                 the
                 differing
                 Flowers
                 happen
                 to
                 be
                 conveniently
                 mix'd
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 smell
                 afforded
                 by
                 it
                 ,
                 at
                 a
                 due
                 distance
                 ,
                 the
                 Odours
                 of
                 the
                 particular
                 Flowers
                 are
                 not
                 perceiv'd
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Organ
                 is
                 affected
                 by
                 their
                 joynt-action
                 ,
                 which
                 makes
                 on
                 it
                 a
                 confused
                 but
                 delightful
                 impression
                 .
                 And
                 so
                 ,
                 when
                 in
                 a
                 Ball
                 of
                 Pomander
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 perfum'd
                 Skin
                 ,
                 Musk
                 ,
                 and
                 Amber
                 ,
                 and
                 Civet
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 sweets
                 are
                 skilfully
                 mix'd
                 ,
                 the
                 coalition
                 of
                 the
                 distinct
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 the
                 
                 ingredients
                 ,
                 that
                 associate
                 themselves
                 in
                 their
                 passage
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 produce
                 in
                 the
                 Sensory
                 one
                 grateful
                 perfume
                 ,
                 resulting
                 from
                 all
                 those
                 Odours
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 you
                 take
                 Spirit
                 of
                 fermented
                 Urine
                 and
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 both
                 of
                 them
                 Phelgmatick
                 ,
                 and
                 mix
                 them
                 together
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 incorporate
                 like
                 Wine
                 and
                 Water
                 ,
                 or
                 any
                 other
                 such
                 liquors
                 ,
                 without
                 affording
                 any
                 dry
                 concretions
                 .
                 But
                 if
                 you
                 expose
                 them
                 in
                 a
                 convenient
                 Vessel
                 but
                 to
                 the
                 mild
                 heat
                 of
                 a
                 Bath
                 or
                 Lamp
                 ,
                 the
                 ascending
                 Particles
                 will
                 associate
                 themselves
                 ,
                 and
                 adhere
                 to
                 the
                 upper
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 white
                 but
                 tender
                 Sublimate
                 ,
                 consisting
                 both
                 of
                 Urinous
                 and
                 Vinous
                 Spirits
                 ,
                 associated
                 into
                 a
                 mixture
                 ,
                 which
                 differs
                 from
                 either
                 of
                 the
                 liquors
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 in
                 Consistence
                 ,
                 Tast
                 and
                 Smell
                 ,
                 but
                 in
                 some
                 considerable
                 Operations
                 performable
                 by
                 this
                 odd
                 mixture
                 ;
                 which
                 ,
                 this
                 is
                 not
                 the
                 place
                 ,
                 to
                 take
                 further
                 notice
                 of
                 .
                 And
                 if
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Salt
                 and
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Nitre
                 be
                 ,
                 by
                 Distillation
                 ,
                 elevated
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 Fumes
                 ,
                 
                 so
                 order'd
                 as
                 to
                 convene
                 into
                 one
                 liquor
                 in
                 the
                 Receiver
                 ,
                 this
                 liquor
                 will
                 readily
                 dissolve
                 crude
                 Gold
                 ,
                 though
                 neither
                 the
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Nitre
                 alone
                 ,
                 nor
                 that
                 of
                 Salt
                 would
                 do
                 so
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 that
                 you
                 may
                 have
                 an
                 ocular
                 proof
                 of
                 the
                 Possibility
                 of
                 the
                 distinctness
                 and
                 subsequent
                 Commixture
                 of
                 Steams
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ;
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 add
                 an
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 long
                 since
                 devis'd
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 I
                 soon
                 after
                 shew'd
                 to
                 many
                 curious
                 persons
                 ,
                 most
                 of
                 whom
                 appear'd
                 somewhat
                 surpriz'd
                 at
                 it
                 .
                 The
                 Experiment
                 was
                 ;
                 that
                 I
                 took
                 two
                 small
                 Vials
                 ,
                 the
                 one
                 fill'd
                 with
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Salt
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 very
                 strong
                 ,
                 the
                 other
                 with
                 Spirit
                 of
                 fermented
                 Urine
                 or
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 very
                 well
                 rectified
                 :
                 These
                 Vials
                 being
                 plac'd
                 at
                 some
                 distance
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 being
                 stop'd
                 ,
                 each
                 liquor
                 afforded
                 its
                 own
                 smell
                 ,
                 at
                 a
                 pretty
                 distance
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Steams
                 it
                 emitted
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 but
                 yet
                 these
                 Steams
                 were
                 invisible
                 .
                 But
                 when
                 these
                 Vials
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 should
                 be
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 size
                 )
                 came
                 to
                 be
                 approach'd
                 
                 very
                 near
                 to
                 each
                 other
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 so
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 touch
                 ;
                 as
                 when
                 the
                 two
                 liquors
                 are
                 put
                 together
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 liquors
                 ,
                 they
                 will
                 notably
                 act
                 upon
                 one
                 another
                 ;
                 so
                 their
                 respective
                 Effluviums
                 meeting
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 would
                 ,
                 answerably
                 to
                 the
                 littleness
                 of
                 their
                 bulk
                 ,
                 do
                 the
                 like
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 by
                 their
                 mutual
                 occursions
                 ,
                 become
                 manifestly
                 visible
                 ,
                 and
                 appear
                 moving
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 like
                 a
                 little
                 portion
                 of
                 Smoak
                 or
                 of
                 a
                 Mist
                 ,
                 which
                 would
                 quickly
                 cease
                 ,
                 if
                 either
                 of
                 the
                 Vials
                 were
                 remov'd
                 half
                 a
                 Foot
                 or
                 a
                 Foot
                 from
                 the
                 other
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 to
                 add
                 to
                 the
                 oddness
                 of
                 the
                 Phaenomenon
                 ,
                 I
                 sometimes
                 made
                 a
                 drop
                 of
                 the
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Salt
                 hang
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 of
                 a
                 little
                 stick
                 of
                 Glass
                 or
                 some
                 other
                 convenient
                 Body
                 ,
                 and
                 held
                 this
                 drop
                 thus
                 suspended
                 in
                 the
                 Orifice
                 of
                 a
                 Vial
                 that
                 had
                 Spirit
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 furnish'd
                 with
                 a
                 somewhat
                 long
                 neck
                 ;
                 for
                 by
                 this
                 means
                 it
                 happen'd
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 expected
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 ascending
                 Urinous
                 Particles
                 ,
                 though
                 invisible
                 before
                 ,
                 invading
                 plentifully
                 the
                 
                 Acid
                 ones
                 of
                 the
                 drop
                 ,
                 produced
                 a
                 notable
                 Smoak
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 if
                 the
                 drop
                 were
                 held
                 a
                 little
                 above
                 the
                 neck
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 would
                 most
                 commonly
                 fly
                 upwards
                 to
                 the
                 height
                 of
                 a
                 Foot
                 or
                 half
                 a
                 Yard
                 :
                 But
                 if
                 the
                 drop
                 were
                 held
                 somewhat
                 deep
                 within
                 the
                 Cavity
                 of
                 the
                 neck
                 ,
                 a
                 good
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 produced
                 Smoak
                 would
                 oftentimes
                 fall
                 into
                 the
                 Cavity
                 of
                 the
                 Vial
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 left
                 in
                 great
                 part
                 empty
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 drops
                 ,
                 but
                 usually
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 slender
                 and
                 somewhat
                 winding
                 stream
                 of
                 a
                 white
                 colour
                 ,
                 that
                 seem'd
                 to
                 flow
                 down
                 just
                 like
                 a
                 Liquor
                 from
                 the
                 depending
                 drop
                 ,
                 till
                 it
                 had
                 reach'd
                 the
                 Spirit
                 of
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 ;
                 upon
                 whose
                 surface
                 it
                 would
                 spread
                 it self
                 like
                 a
                 Mist
                 .
                 But
                 this
                 only
                 upon
                 the
                 by
                 .
                 As
                 for
                 the
                 main
                 Experiment
                 it self
                 ,
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 found
                 ,
                 successfully
                 try'd
                 with
                 other
                 Liquors
                 than
                 these
                 ;
                 but
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 necessary
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 to
                 give
                 an
                 account
                 of
                 such
                 Tryals
                 ;
                 though
                 perhaps
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 had
                 leisure
                 ,
                 it
                 might
                 be
                 worth
                 while
                 to
                 consider
                 ,
                 whether
                 
                 these
                 Coalitions
                 of
                 differing
                 sorts
                 of
                 Steams
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Changes
                 resulting
                 thence
                 of
                 their
                 particular
                 precedent
                 Quantities
                 ,
                 may
                 not
                 assist
                 us
                 to
                 investigate
                 the
                 causes
                 of
                 divers
                 sudden
                 Clouds
                 and
                 Mists
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 other
                 Meteorological
                 Phaenomena
                 ,
                 and
                 also
                 of
                 divers
                 changes
                 that
                 happen
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 the
                 coming
                 in
                 and
                 ceasing
                 of
                 several
                 either
                 Epidemical
                 or
                 contagious
                 Diseases
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 the
                 Plague
                 ,
                 that
                 seem
                 to
                 depend
                 upon
                 some
                 occult
                 temperature
                 and
                 alterations
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 copiously
                 impregnated
                 by
                 the
                 differing
                 subterraneal
                 (
                 not
                 to
                 add
                 here
                 ,
                 Sidereal
                 )
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 that
                 not
                 unfrequently
                 ascend
                 into
                 it
                 (
                 or
                 otherwise
                 invade
                 it
                 ,
                 )
                 with
                 Pestiferous
                 or
                 other
                 Morbifick
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 with
                 others
                 of
                 a
                 contrary
                 Nature
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 too
                 perhaps
                 ,
                 neither
                 the
                 one
                 sort
                 of
                 Steams
                 ,
                 which
                 may
                 be
                 suppos'd
                 to
                 have
                 imbued
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 is
                 in
                 it self
                 deleterious
                 ;
                 nor
                 the
                 other
                 salutary
                 ,
                 but
                 becomes
                 so
                 upon
                 their
                 casual
                 coalition
                 in
                 the
                 Air.
                 You
                 
                 will
                 perhaps
                 think
                 this
                 Conjecture
                 of
                 the
                 resultancy
                 of
                 pestilential
                 Steams
                 ,
                 the
                 less
                 improbable
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 here
                 add
                 that
                 odd
                 Observation
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 frequently
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 formerly
                 mentioned
                 Plague
                 at
                 Nimmegen
                 by
                 a
                 Physician
                 so
                 Judicious
                 as
                 *
                 Dimmerbrook
                 ,
                 whose
                 words
                 are
                 these
                 ;
                 
                   Illud
                   notatu
                   dignum
                   saepissime
                   observavimus
                   ,
                   nempa
                   in
                   illis
                   aedibus
                   in
                   quibus
                   nulla
                   adhuc
                   pestis
                   erat
                   ,
                   si
                   linteamina
                   sordida
                   aquâ
                   &
                   sapone
                   nostrate
                   (
                   ut
                   in
                   Belgio
                   moris
                   est
                   )
                   illio
                   lavarentur
                   ,
                   eo
                   ipso
                   die
                   ,
                   vel
                   interdum
                   postridie
                   ,
                   duos
                   tres-ve
                   simul
                   peste
                   correptos
                   fuisse
                   ,
                   ipsique
                   aegri
                   test
                   abantur
                   faetorem
                   aquae
                   saponatae
                   illis
                   primam
                   &
                   maximam
                   alterationem
                   intulisse
                   .
                   Hoc
                   ipsum
                   quoque
                   in
                   meo
                   ipsius
                   hospitio
                   infelix
                   experientia
                   docuit
                   ,
                   in
                   quo
                   post
                   lota
                   linteamina
                   statim
                   gravem
                   alterationem
                   perceperunt
                   plaerique
                   domestici
                   ,
                   &
                   proximè
                   sequenti
                   nocte
                   tres
                   peste
                   correptae
                   ,
                   ac
                   brevi
                   post
                   mortuae
                   fuere
                   .
                
                 I
                 omit
                 the
                 Instances
                 he
                 further
                 sets
                 down
                 to
                 confirm
                 this
                 odd
                 Phaenomenon
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 ,
                 though
                 perhaps
                 some
                 
                 other
                 Cause
                 may
                 be
                 devised
                 ,
                 yet
                 that
                 I
                 lately
                 assign'd
                 seems
                 at
                 least
                 a
                 probable
                 one
                 ,
                 if
                 not
                 the
                 most
                 probable
                 ;
                 since
                 ,
                 as
                 't
                 is
                 manifest
                 by
                 daily
                 experience
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 smell
                 occasion'd
                 by
                 the
                 washing
                 of
                 foul
                 Linnen
                 with
                 the
                 Soap
                 commonly
                 used
                 in
                 the
                 Netherlands
                 ,
                 produces
                 not
                 the
                 Plague
                 ;
                 so
                 by
                 our
                 Learned
                 Author's
                 Observation
                 it
                 appears
                 ,
                 either
                 that
                 there
                 were
                 not
                 yet
                 any
                 Pestilential
                 Effluxions
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 of
                 those
                 places
                 ,
                 which
                 on
                 the
                 occasions
                 of
                 those
                 washings
                 became
                 infected
                 ,
                 or
                 at
                 least
                 that
                 by
                 the
                 addition
                 of
                 the
                 fetid
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 the
                 soapy
                 Water
                 ,
                 those
                 Morbifick
                 Particles
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 dispers'd
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 before
                 ,
                 had
                 not
                 the
                 power
                 to
                 introduce
                 a
                 malignant
                 constitution
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 act
                 as
                 truly
                 Pestilential
                 ,
                 till
                 they
                 were
                 enabled
                 to
                 do
                 so
                 by
                 being
                 associated
                 with
                 the
                 ill-scented
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 the
                 Soap
                 .
              
               
                 Whether
                 also
                 Salutary
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 may
                 so
                 call
                 them
                 ,
                 Alexipharmacal
                 Corpuscles
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 produc'd
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 by
                 Coalition
                 ,
                 might
                 be
                 very
                 
                 well
                 worth
                 our
                 Enquiry
                 :
                 Especially
                 if
                 we
                 had
                 a
                 competent
                 Historical
                 Account
                 of
                 the
                 yearly
                 ceasing
                 of
                 the
                 Plague
                 at
                 
                   Grand
                   Cayro
                
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 noted
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Learned
                 
                   Prosper
                   Alpinus
                
                 ,
                 who
                 practis'd
                 Physick
                 there
                 ;
                 and
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 also
                 been
                 inform'd
                 by
                 some
                 of
                 my
                 Acquaintance
                 who
                 visited
                 that
                 vast
                 City
                 ,
                 that
                 almost
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 Summer
                 as
                 soon
                 as
                 the
                 River
                 begins
                 to
                 rise
                 *
                 ,
                 the
                 Plague
                 has
                 its
                 malignity
                 suddenly
                 check'd
                 ,
                 even
                 as
                 to
                 those
                 that
                 are
                 already
                 infected
                 ,
                 and
                 soon
                 after
                 ceases
                 ;
                 so
                 if
                 other
                 Circumstances
                 contradict
                 not
                 ,
                 one
                 might
                 guess
                 ,
                 that
                 this
                 strange
                 Phaenomenon
                 may
                 be
                 chiefly
                 occasion'd
                 by
                 some
                 Nitrous
                 or
                 other
                 Corpuscles
                 that
                 accompany
                 the
                 overflowing
                 Nile
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 associating
                 themselves
                 with
                 what
                 Hippocrates
                 
                 somewhere
                 calls
                 
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                   〈◊〉
                
                 ,
                 disable
                 them
                 to
                 produce
                 their
                 wonted
                 pernicious
                 Effects
                 .
                 To
                 which
                 Hypothesis
                 suits
                 well
                 what
                 is
                 deliver'd
                 by
                 more
                 than
                 one
                 Traveller
                 into
                 Egypt
                 ,
                 and
                 more
                 particularly
                 by
                 our
                 Ingenious
                 Countreyman
                 Mr.
                 
                   George
                   Sandys
                
                 ,
                 who
                 not
                 only
                 takes
                 notice
                 ,
                 that
                 about
                 the
                 time
                 of
                 the
                 overflowing
                 of
                 Nilus
                 ,
                 whose
                 abounding
                 with
                 Nitre
                 has
                 been
                 observed
                 even
                 by
                 the
                 Antients
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 certain
                 moistening
                 Emanation
                 diffus'd
                 thorow
                 the
                 Air.
                 
                   To
                   prove
                
                 ,
                 sayes
                 he
                 *
                 ,
                 speaking
                 of
                 the
                 overflowing
                 of
                 Nilus
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 proceedeth
                 from
                 a
                 natural
                 Cause
                 ,
                 this
                 one
                 ,
                 though
                 strange
                 ,
                 yet
                 true
                 Experiment
                 will
                 suffice
                 .
                 Take
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 of
                 Egypt
                 adjoining
                 to
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 and
                 preserve
                 it
                 carefully
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 neither
                 come
                 to
                 be
                 wet
                 nor
                 wasted
                 ,
                 weight
                 it
                 daily
                 ,
                 and
                 you
                 shall
                 find
                 it
                 neither
                 more
                 nor
                 less
                 heavy
                 until
                 the
                 seventeenth
                 of
                 June
                 ,
                 at
                 which
                 day
                 it
                 beginneth
                 to
                 grow
                 more
                 ponderous
                 ,
                 and
                 augmenteth
                 
                 with
                 the
                 augmentation
                 of
                 the
                 River
                 ,
                 whereby
                 they
                 have
                 an
                 infallible
                 knowledge
                 of
                 the
                 state
                 of
                 the
                 Deluge
                 ,
                 proceeding
                 without
                 doubt
                 from
                 the
                 Humidity
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 which
                 having
                 a
                 recourse
                 through
                 all
                 passible
                 places
                 ,
                 and
                 mixing
                 therewith
                 increaseth
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 as
                 it
                 increaseth
                 in
                 moisture
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 these
                 Sanative
                 Steams
                 perform
                 their
                 Effects
                 meerly
                 because
                 they
                 are
                 moist
                 ,
                 I
                 presume
                 Naturalists
                 will
                 scarce
                 pretend
                 ;
                 but
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 be
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 nature
                 as
                 by
                 their
                 Coalition
                 with
                 the
                 Morbifick
                 Corpuscles
                 to
                 increase
                 their
                 Bulk
                 and
                 alter
                 their
                 Figure
                 ,
                 or
                 precipitate
                 them
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 or
                 clog
                 their
                 Agility
                 ,
                 or
                 pervert
                 their
                 Motions
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 a
                 word
                 destroy
                 all
                 or
                 some
                 Tat
                 least
                 of
                 those
                 Mechanical
                 ▪
                 Affections
                 which
                 made
                 those
                 Corpuscles
                 Pestilential
                 :
                 That
                 ,
                 I
                 say
                 ,
                 these
                 Antidotal
                 Vapours
                 (
                 if
                 I
                 may
                 so
                 call
                 them
                 )
                 may
                 have
                 these
                 Effects
                 upon
                 those
                 that
                 formerly
                 were
                 Morbifick
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 so
                 there
                 may
                 result
                 from
                 the
                 Association
                 of
                 
                 two
                 sorts
                 of
                 Particles
                 ,
                 whereof
                 one
                 was
                 of
                 a
                 highly
                 noxious
                 nature
                 ,
                 a
                 harmless
                 mixture
                 ,
                 might
                 here
                 be
                 made
                 probable
                 by
                 several
                 things
                 ;
                 but
                 that
                 I
                 hope
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 lately
                 recited
                 about
                 the
                 Coalitions
                 of
                 the
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Salt
                 and
                 of
                 Urine
                 (
                 Liquors
                 known
                 to
                 be
                 highly
                 contrary
                 to
                 each
                 other
                 )
                 is
                 not
                 already
                 forgotten
                 by
                 you
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 the
                 Experiment
                 with
                 which
                 I
                 am
                 to
                 conclude
                 this
                 Essay
                 will
                 perhaps
                 make
                 you
                 think
                 it
                 possible
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Pestiferous
                 Steams
                 that
                 have
                 already
                 pass'd
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 and
                 invaded
                 ,
                 but
                 not
                 too
                 much
                 vitiated
                 ,
                 the
                 Bodies
                 of
                 Men
                 ,
                 may
                 have
                 their
                 malignity
                 much
                 debilitated
                 by
                 the
                 supervening
                 of
                 these
                 Antidotal
                 Particles
                 .
                 For
                 in
                 that
                 Experiment
                 you
                 will
                 find
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Steams
                 emitted
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 from
                 the
                 Liquor
                 there
                 described
                 ,
                 though
                 that
                 were
                 actually
                 cold
                 ,
                 were
                 able
                 to
                 reach
                 ,
                 and
                 manifestly
                 to
                 Operate
                 ,
                 (
                 and
                 that
                 probably
                 by
                 way
                 of
                 Praecipitation
                 ,
                 )
                 upon
                 Corpuscles
                 that
                 were
                 fenc'd
                 from
                 them
                 
                 by
                 the
                 Interposition
                 of
                 other
                 Bodies
                 ;
                 not
                 more
                 porous
                 than
                 those
                 of
                 living
                 Men.
                 Whether
                 the
                 fume
                 of
                 Sulphur
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 many
                 is
                 extoll'd
                 to
                 prevent
                 the
                 Infection
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 do
                 by
                 its
                 acid
                 or
                 other
                 Particles
                 disarm
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 may
                 so
                 speak
                 ,
                 the
                 Pestilential
                 ones
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 not
                 now
                 time
                 to
                 inquire
                 :
                 No
                 more
                 than
                 whether
                 in
                 Ireland
                 and
                 some
                 few
                 other
                 Countries
                 ,
                 that
                 breed
                 or
                 brook
                 no
                 poysonous
                 Animals
                 ,
                 that
                 hostility
                 may
                 proceed
                 ,
                 at
                 least
                 in
                 great
                 part
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 peculiar
                 Nature
                 of
                 the
                 Soyl
                 ,
                 which
                 both
                 from
                 its
                 superficial
                 and
                 deeper
                 parts
                 ,
                 constantly
                 supplies
                 the
                 Air
                 with
                 Corpuscles
                 destructive
                 to
                 venemous
                 Animals
                 .
                 And
                 some
                 other
                 Particulars
                 ,
                 that
                 may
                 be
                 pertinently
                 enough
                 consider'd
                 here
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 find
                 treated
                 on
                 in
                 other
                 Papers
                 .
                 And
                 therefore
                 at
                 present
                 I
                 shall
                 only
                 intimate
                 in
                 a
                 word
                 ,
                 that
                 having
                 purposely
                 made
                 a
                 visible
                 and
                 lasting
                 Stain
                 on
                 a
                 solid
                 Body
                 barely
                 by
                 cold
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 I
                 did
                 by
                 the
                 invisible
                 and
                 cold
                 Steams
                 of
                 another
                 Body
                 make
                 in
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 Minutes
                 a
                 
                 visible
                 change
                 in
                 the
                 colour
                 of
                 that
                 Stain
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 as
                 for
                 the
                 other
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Conjecture
                 ,
                 
                   (
                   viz.
                
                 )
                 That
                 Meteors
                 may
                 sometimes
                 be
                 produc'd
                 by
                 the
                 Occursions
                 of
                 Subterraneal
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 of
                 one
                 determinate
                 Nature
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 of
                 another
                 ,
                 I
                 think
                 I
                 could
                 ,
                 to
                 countenance
                 it
                 ,
                 give
                 you
                 divers
                 Instances
                 of
                 the
                 plentiful
                 Impregnation
                 )
                 of
                 the
                 Air
                 at
                 some
                 times
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 some
                 places
                 ,
                 with
                 Steams
                 of
                 very
                 differing
                 Natures
                 ,
                 and
                 such
                 as
                 are
                 not
                 so
                 likely
                 to
                 be
                 attracted
                 by
                 the
                 Heat
                 of
                 the
                 Sun
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 sent
                 up
                 from
                 the
                 Subterraneal
                 Regions
                 ,
                 and
                 sometimes
                 from
                 Minerals
                 themselves
                 .
                 But
                 for
                 Instances
                 of
                 this
                 kind
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 ,
                 for
                 brevities
                 sake
                 ,
                 refer
                 you
                 to
                 another
                 Paper
                 *
                 ,
                 where
                 I
                 have
                 purposely
                 treated
                 of
                 this
                 Subject
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 shewn
                 ,
                 That
                 though
                 usually
                 the
                 Effluxions
                 that
                 come
                 from
                 under
                 ground
                 are
                 ill-scented
                 ,
                 yet
                 they
                 are
                 not
                 alwayes
                 so
                 ;
                 and
                 also
                 that
                 Sulphureous
                 
                 Exhalations
                 even
                 from
                 cold
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 for
                 the
                 most
                 part
                 ,
                 Aqueous
                 Liquors
                 may
                 retain
                 their
                 determinate
                 nature
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 and
                 act
                 accordingly
                 upon
                 solid
                 Bodies
                 themselves
                 ,
                 to
                 whose
                 Constitution
                 those
                 Effluvia
                 chance
                 to
                 be
                 proportionate
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 one
                 memorable
                 Story
                 not
                 mention'd
                 〈…〉
                 that
                 Discourse
                 is
                 too
                 much
                 to
                 our
                 present
                 purpose
                 to
                 be
                 here
                 omitted
                 ,
                 especially
                 having
                 met
                 with
                 it
                 in
                 so
                 approved
                 an
                 Author
                 as
                 the
                 experienc'd
                 Agricola
                 ,
                 who
                 having
                 mention'd
                 out
                 of
                 antient
                 Historians
                 the
                 Raining
                 of
                 White
                 and
                 Red
                 liquors
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 took
                 (
                 erroneously
                 I
                 doubt
                 not
                 )
                 for
                 Milk
                 and
                 Blood
                 ,
                 subjoyns
                 ,
                 *
                 
                   Ut
                   autem
                   majorèm
                   fidem
                   habe
                   amus
                   Annalium
                   monumentis
                   facit
                   res
                   illa
                   decantata
                   ,
                   quae
                   Patrum
                   memoriâ
                
                 (
                 in
                 another
                 place
                 he
                 specifies
                 the
                 Year
                 of
                 our
                 Lord
                 )
                 in
                 Suevia
                 
                   accidit
                   ;
                   Aer
                   enim
                   ille
                   stillavit
                   guttas
                   ,
                   quae
                   lineas
                   vestes
                   crucibus
                   rubris
                   quasi
                   sanguineis
                   imbuebant
                   .
                
                 Which
                 I
                 the
                 rather
                 mention
                 ,
                 because
                 it
                 does
                 
                 not
                 only
                 prove
                 what
                 I
                 alledge
                 it
                 for
                 ;
                 but
                 may
                 keep
                 ,
                 what
                 is
                 lately
                 and
                 very
                 credibly
                 reported
                 to
                 have
                 happen'd
                 in
                 divers
                 places
                 of
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 Naples
                 soon
                 after
                 the
                 Fiery
                 Eruption
                 of
                 Vesuvius
                 ,
                 from
                 being
                 judg'd
                 a
                 Phaenomenon
                 either
                 altogether
                 fabulous
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 doubtless
                 many
                 have
                 thought
                 it
                 ,
                 )
                 or
                 a
                 Prodigie
                 without
                 all
                 example
                 ,
                 as
                 is
                 presum'd
                 even
                 by
                 those
                 that
                 think
                 it
                 not
                 miraculous
                 .
                 And
                 to
                 this
                 I
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 't
                 will
                 be
                 the
                 less
                 improbable
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 more
                 agile
                 Corpuscles
                 of
                 Subterraneal
                 Salts
                 ,
                 Sulphurs
                 and
                 Bitumens
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 rais'd
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 and
                 keep
                 distinct
                 natures
                 there
                 ,
                 if
                 so
                 fixt
                 a
                 Body
                 as
                 common
                 Earth
                 it self
                 can
                 be
                 brought
                 to
                 swim
                 in
                 the
                 Air.
                 And
                 yet
                 of
                 this
                 the
                 worthy
                 Writer
                 newly
                 quoted
                 gives
                 us
                 ,
                 besides
                 what
                 Annals
                 relate
                 ,
                 this
                 Testimony
                 upon
                 his
                 own
                 knowledge
                 :
                 *
                 
                   Certè
                   hîc
                   Kempnicii
                   undecimum
                   abhinc
                   annum
                   mense
                   Septembri
                   effluxerunt
                   imbres
                   ,
                   sic
                   cum
                   terra
                   lutea
                   
                   commisti
                   ,
                   ut
                   eâ
                   passim
                   plateas
                   scilicet
                   stratas
                   viderem
                   conspersas
                   .
                
              
               
                 And
                 to
                 shew
                 you
                 that
                 in
                 some
                 cases
                 the
                 Particles
                 even
                 of
                 Vegetable
                 Bodies
                 may
                 not
                 so
                 soon
                 perish
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 as
                 they
                 vanish
                 there
                 ,
                 but
                 may
                 retain
                 distinct
                 natures
                 at
                 a
                 greater
                 distance
                 ,
                 than
                 one
                 would
                 think
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 Bodies
                 that
                 copiously
                 emit
                 them
                 ;
                 I
                 shall
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 having
                 desir'd
                 an
                 ingenious
                 Gentleman
                 ,
                 that
                 went
                 on
                 a
                 considerable
                 Employment
                 to
                 the
                 East-Indies
                 ,
                 to
                 make
                 some
                 Observations
                 for
                 me
                 in
                 his
                 Voyage
                 ;
                 he
                 sent
                 me
                 among
                 other
                 things
                 this
                 Remarque
                 :
                 That
                 having
                 sayl'd
                 along
                 the
                 Coast
                 of
                 Ceylon
                 ,
                 (
                 famous
                 for
                 Cinnamon-trees
                 and
                 well-scented
                 Gums
                 ,
                 )
                 though
                 they
                 Coasted
                 it
                 almost
                 a
                 whole
                 day
                 ,
                 the
                 Wind
                 ,
                 that
                 then
                 chanc'd
                 to
                 blow
                 from
                 the
                 shoar
                 ,
                 brought
                 them
                 a
                 manifestly
                 odoriferous
                 Air
                 from
                 the
                 Island
                 ,
                 though
                 they
                 kept
                 off
                 many
                 miles
                 (
                 perhaps
                 twenty
                 or
                 twenty-five
                 )
                 from
                 the
                 shoar
                 .
                 Nor
                 should
                 this
                 be
                 thought
                 incredible
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 diffusion
                 seems
                 so
                 disproportionate
                 to
                 
                 that
                 of
                 other
                 Bodies
                 dissolved
                 by
                 Fluids
                 ;
                 as
                 ,
                 for
                 instance
                 ,
                 though
                 Salt
                 be
                 an
                 active
                 Body
                 and
                 resoluble
                 into
                 abundance
                 of
                 minute
                 Particles
                 ,
                 yet
                 one
                 part
                 of
                 Salt
                 will
                 scarce
                 be
                 tastable
                 in
                 an
                 hundred
                 parts
                 of
                 Water
                 .
                 For
                 sensibly
                 to
                 affect
                 so
                 gross
                 an
                 Organ
                 as
                 that
                 of
                 our
                 Tast
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 usually
                 required
                 in
                 sapid
                 Particles
                 a
                 bigness
                 far
                 exceeding
                 that
                 which
                 is
                 necessary
                 to
                 the
                 making
                 Bodies
                 fit
                 Objects
                 for
                 the
                 sense
                 of
                 Smelling
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 here
                 mainly
                 to
                 be
                 considered
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 a
                 great
                 difference
                 between
                 the
                 power
                 a
                 Body
                 has
                 to
                 impregnate
                 so
                 thin
                 and
                 fine
                 a
                 Fluid
                 as
                 Air
                 ,
                 whose
                 parts
                 are
                 so
                 rare
                 and
                 lax
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 which
                 it
                 has
                 to
                 impregnate
                 Liquors
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 Water
                 or
                 Wine
                 ,
                 whose
                 parts
                 are
                 so
                 constipated
                 as
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 not
                 only
                 visible
                 and
                 tangible
                 ,
                 but
                 ponderous
                 .
                 On
                 which
                 occasion
                 I
                 remember
                 that
                 having
                 had
                 a
                 Curiosity
                 to
                 try
                 how
                 far
                 a
                 sapid
                 Body
                 could
                 be
                 diluted
                 without
                 ceasing
                 to
                 be
                 so
                 ,
                 I
                 found
                 by
                 Tryal
                 ,
                 that
                 one
                 drop
                 of
                 good
                 Chymical
                 ,
                 and
                 ,
                 as
                 Artists
                 call
                 it
                 ,
                 Essential
                 
                 Oyl
                 of
                 Cinnamon
                 being
                 duly
                 mix'd
                 by
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 Sugar
                 with
                 Wine
                 ,
                 retain'd
                 the
                 determinate
                 tast
                 of
                 Cinnamon
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 were
                 diffus'd
                 into
                 near
                 a
                 quart
                 of
                 Wine
                 .
                 So
                 that
                 making
                 a
                 moderate
                 estimate
                 ,
                 I
                 concluded
                 ,
                 that
                 upon
                 the
                 common
                 supposition
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 which
                 a
                 drop
                 is
                 reckon'd
                 for
                 a
                 Grain
                 ,
                 one
                 part
                 of
                 Oyl
                 had
                 given
                 the
                 specifick
                 Tast
                 of
                 the
                 Spice
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 drawn
                 from
                 ,
                 to
                 near
                 fourteen
                 thousand
                 parts
                 of
                 Wine
                 .
                 By
                 comparing
                 which
                 Experiment
                 with
                 what
                 I
                 noted
                 about
                 the
                 proportion
                 of
                 Salt
                 requisite
                 to
                 make
                 Water
                 tast
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 you
                 will
                 easily
                 perceive
                 ;
                 that
                 there
                 may
                 be
                 a
                 very
                 great
                 difference
                 in
                 point
                 of
                 diffusiveness
                 between
                 the
                 little
                 Particles
                 that
                 make
                 Bodies
                 sapid
                 :
                 Which
                 may
                 serve
                 to
                 confirm
                 both
                 some
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 
                   first
                   Chapter
                
                 of
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Essay
                 of
                 the
                 Subtilty
                 of
                 
                   Effluvia
                   ▪
                
                 and
                 what
                 I
                 was
                 lately
                 saying
                 to
                 shew
                 it
                 possible
                 ,
                 that
                 Antimonial
                 Glass
                 might
                 impart
                 store
                 of
                 Steams
                 to
                 the
                 Emetick
                 Wine
                 ,
                 without
                 appearing
                 upon
                 common
                 Scales
                 to
                 have
                 lost
                 of
                 its
                 
                 weight
                 ;
                 since
                 we
                 see
                 ,
                 that
                 one
                 Drop
                 of
                 so
                 light
                 a
                 Body
                 as
                 Oyl
                 may
                 communicate
                 not
                 insensible
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 but
                 tastable
                 Corpuscles
                 to
                 near
                 a
                 Quart
                 of
                 Liquor
                 .
                 But
                 this
                 is
                 not
                 all
                 for
                 which
                 I
                 mention
                 our
                 Experiment
                 :
                 for
                 I
                 must
                 now
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 besides
                 the
                 almost
                 innumerable
                 Sapid
                 parts
                 of
                 a
                 spicy
                 Drop
                 communicated
                 to
                 the
                 Wine
                 ,
                 it
                 thence
                 diffused
                 a
                 vast
                 number
                 of
                 odorous
                 Particles
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 which
                 both
                 I
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 perceived
                 to
                 be
                 imbued
                 with
                 the
                 distinct
                 scent
                 of
                 Cinnamon
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 perhaps
                 the
                 Liquor
                 would
                 have
                 been
                 found
                 able
                 to
                 have
                 Aromatized
                 for
                 I
                 know
                 not
                 how
                 long
                 a
                 time
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 had
                 had
                 leisure
                 to
                 prosecute
                 the
                 Observation
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 CHAP.
                 V.
                 
              
               
                 THE
                 third
                 and
                 last
                 way
                 I
                 shall
                 mention
                 of
                 shewing
                 the
                 Determinate
                 Nature
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 is
                 to
                 
                 be
                 taken
                 from
                 the
                 Consideration
                 of
                 their
                 Effects
                 upon
                 other
                 Bodies
                 than
                 the
                 Organs
                 of
                 our
                 Senses
                 ;
                 (
                 for
                 of
                 their
                 Operations
                 upon
                 these
                 we
                 have
                 already
                 spoken
                 in
                 the
                 foregoing
                 
                   Chapter
                   ▪
                
                 )
                 For
                 the
                 Effects
                 ,
                 that
                 certain
                 Bodies
                 produce
                 on
                 others
                 by
                 their
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 being
                 constant
                 and
                 determinate
                 ,
                 and
                 oftentimes
                 very
                 different
                 from
                 those
                 ,
                 which
                 other
                 Agents
                 by
                 their
                 Emissions
                 work
                 upon
                 the
                 same
                 and
                 other
                 subjects
                 ,
                 the
                 distinct
                 nature
                 of
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 emitted
                 may
                 be
                 thence
                 sufficiently
                 gather'd
                 .
              
               
                 We
                 may
                 from
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Tract
                 of
                 the
                 Subtilty
                 of
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 borrow
                 some
                 Instances
                 very
                 pertinent
                 to
                 this
                 place
                 .
                 For
                 the
                 temporary
                 benumbedness
                 or
                 stupefaction
                 ,
                 for
                 example
                 ,
                 produc'd
                 in
                 the
                 Fisherman's
                 Foot
                 by
                 the
                 Effluvia
                 *
                 of
                 the
                 Fish
                 
                   (
                   Amoreatim
                
                 )
                 mention'd
                 by
                 the
                 Ingenious
                 Piso
                 ,
                 manifests
                 ,
                 that
                 those
                 stupifying
                 Emanations
                 retain'd
                 a
                 peculiar
                 and
                 venemous
                 nature
                 during
                 their
                 whole
                 passage
                 
                 through
                 the
                 Shoe
                 ,
                 Stocking
                 and
                 Skin
                 ,
                 interpos'd
                 betwixt
                 the
                 Fish
                 and
                 the
                 nervous
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Foot
                 benumb'd
                 by
                 it
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 there
                 are
                 very
                 few
                 other
                 Bodies
                 in
                 the
                 World
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 minute
                 enough
                 to
                 pass
                 through
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 Glass
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 apparent
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Experiment
                 there
                 recited
                 of
                 the
                 oblong
                 Iron
                 Hermetically
                 seal'd
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 Glass-pipe
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Magnetical
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 the
                 Earth
                 may
                 retain
                 their
                 peculiar
                 and
                 wonderful
                 nature
                 in
                 a
                 smallness
                 that
                 qualifies
                 them
                 to
                 pass
                 freely
                 through
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 Glass
                 it self
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 that
                 I
                 may
                 neither
                 repeat
                 what
                 you
                 have
                 already
                 met
                 with
                 in
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Tract
                 ,
                 nor
                 anticipate
                 what
                 I
                 have
                 to
                 say
                 in
                 the
                 next
                 ;
                 I
                 will
                 employ
                 in
                 this
                 Chapter
                 some
                 Instances
                 that
                 may
                 be
                 spar'd
                 from
                 both
                 .
              
               
                 That
                 divers
                 Bodies
                 of
                 a
                 Venemous
                 nature
                 may
                 exercise
                 some
                 such
                 Operations
                 upon
                 others
                 by
                 their
                 Effluviums
                 transmitted
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 as
                 they
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 do
                 in
                 their
                 gross
                 substance
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 Truth
                 ,
                 whereof
                 though
                 
                 I
                 have
                 not
                 met
                 with
                 many
                 ,
                 yet
                 I
                 have
                 met
                 with
                 some
                 Examples
                 among
                 Physicians
                 .
              
               
                 The
                 Learned
                 *
                 Sennertus
                 observes
                 as
                 a
                 known
                 thing
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Apprentices
                 of
                 Apothecaries
                 have
                 been
                 cast
                 into
                 profound
                 Sleeps
                 ,
                 when
                 in
                 distilling
                 Opiat
                 and
                 Hypnotick
                 Liquors
                 they
                 have
                 received
                 in
                 at
                 their
                 Nostrils
                 the
                 Vapours
                 exhaling
                 from
                 those
                 Bodies
                 .
              
               
                 'T
                 is
                 recorded
                 by
                 the
                 *
                 Writers
                 about
                 Poysons
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 root
                 and
                 juyce
                 of
                 Mandragora
                 casts
                 those
                 ,
                 that
                 take
                 it
                 ,
                 into
                 a
                 deep
                 Sopor
                 not
                 unlike
                 a
                 Lethargy
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 the
                 Apples
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Plant
                 be
                 thought
                 to
                 be
                 much
                 less
                 malignant
                 ;
                 yet
                 
                   Levinus
                   Lemnius
                
                 relates
                 that
                 it
                 happen'd
                 to
                 him
                 more
                 than
                 once
                 ,
                 that
                 having
                 laid
                 some
                 Mandrake-Apples
                 in
                 his
                 Study
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 by
                 their
                 Steams
                 made
                 so
                 sleepy
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 could
                 hardly
                 recover
                 himself
                 ;
                 but
                 the
                 Apples
                 being
                 taken
                 away
                 he
                 
                 regain'd
                 alacrity
                 ,
                 and
                 threw
                 off
                 all
                 drowsiness
                 .
              
               
                 Among
                 all
                 Poysons
                 there
                 is
                 scarce
                 any
                 whose
                 Phaenomena
                 are
                 in
                 my
                 opinion
                 more
                 strange
                 than
                 those
                 that
                 proceed
                 from
                 a
                 mad
                 Dog
                 ;
                 and
                 yet
                 even
                 this
                 Poyson
                 ,
                 which
                 seems
                 to
                 require
                 Corpuscles
                 of
                 so
                 odd
                 and
                 determinate
                 a
                 nature
                 ,
                 is
                 recorded
                 by
                 Physicians
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 conveyed
                 by
                 Exhalations
                 .
                 Aretaeus
                 writes
                 (
                 as
                 a
                 Learned
                 modern
                 quotes
                 him
                 ,
                 )
                 
                   Quòd
                   à
                   rabido
                   cane
                   ,
                   qui
                   in
                   faciem
                   ,
                   dum
                   spiritus
                   adducitur
                   ,
                   tantummodò
                   inspiraverit
                   ,
                   &
                   nullo
                   modo
                   momorderit
                   ,
                   in
                   rabiem
                   homo
                   agatur
                   .
                
                 And
                 as
                 there
                 are
                 relations
                 ,
                 among
                 Physicians
                 ,
                 of
                 Animals
                 ,
                 that
                 have
                 become
                 Rabiosi
                 by
                 having
                 eaten
                 of
                 the
                 parts
                 or
                 excrements
                 of
                 rabid
                 Animals
                 ;
                 so
                 *
                 
                   Caelius
                   Aurelianus
                
                 ,
                 who
                 writes
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 have
                 been
                 made
                 to
                 run
                 mad
                 ,
                 not
                 by
                 being
                 bitten
                 ,
                 but
                 wounded
                 only
                 with
                 the
                 Claws
                 of
                 a
                 mad
                 Dog
                 ,
                 tells
                 us
                 also
                 of
                 a
                 man
                 ,
                 that
                 fell
                 into
                 a
                 Hydrophobia
                 (
                 which
                 is
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 a
                 high
                 
                 degree
                 of
                 the
                 Rabies
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 antienter
                 Writers
                 was
                 employ'd
                 to
                 signifie
                 that
                 Disease
                 )
                 without
                 being
                 bitten
                 by
                 a
                 mad
                 Dog
                 ,
                 but
                 infected
                 
                   solo
                   odore
                   ex
                   rabido
                   cane
                   attracto
                   .
                
                 By
                 which
                 Odours
                 in
                 this
                 and
                 other
                 Narratives
                 of
                 Poysons
                 I
                 understand
                 not
                 a
                 bare
                 Scholastick
                 species
                 ,
                 but
                 a
                 swarm
                 of
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 which
                 most
                 commonly
                 are
                 all
                 or
                 at
                 least
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 odorous
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 it
                 may
                 justly
                 seem
                 strange
                 to
                 many
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Venom
                 of
                 a
                 mad
                 Dog
                 should
                 be
                 communicated
                 otherwise
                 than
                 by
                 biting
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 suppos'd
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 only
                 way
                 he
                 can
                 infect
                 by
                 ,
                 it
                 may
                 appear
                 less
                 improbable
                 ,
                 because
                 
                   Matthaeus
                   de
                   Gradibus
                
                 names
                 a
                 person
                 ,
                 who
                 ,
                 he
                 says
                 ,
                 prov'd
                 infected
                 after
                 many
                 days
                 ,
                 by
                 only
                 having
                 put
                 his
                 Hand
                 into
                 the
                 Mouth
                 of
                 a
                 mad
                 Dog
                 ,
                 who
                 did
                 not
                 bite
                 him
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 formerly
                 mentioned
                 Matthiolus
                 relates
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 saw
                 two
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 made
                 rabid
                 without
                 any
                 would
                 by
                 the
                 slabber
                 of
                 a
                 mad
                 Dog
                 ,
                 with
                 which
                 they
                 had
                 the
                 misfortune
                 to
                 be
                 besmear'd
                 .
              
               
               
                 *
                 Sennertus
                 himself
                 affirms
                 of
                 a
                 Painter
                 of
                 his
                 acquainance
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 when
                 he
                 had
                 open'd
                 a
                 Box
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 he
                 had
                 long
                 kept
                 included
                 Realgar
                 ,
                 a
                 noxious
                 Mineral
                 ,
                 sometimes
                 used
                 by
                 Painters
                 and
                 not
                 unknown
                 to
                 Chymists
                 ,
                 and
                 had
                 unfortunately
                 snuff'd
                 in
                 the
                 Steams
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 he
                 was
                 seis'd
                 with
                 a
                 giddiness
                 in
                 his
                 Head
                 and
                 fainting
                 fits
                 ,
                 his
                 whole
                 Face
                 also
                 swelling
                 ,
                 though
                 by
                 taking
                 of
                 Antidotes
                 he
                 escap'd
                 the
                 danger
                 .
              
               
                 Divers
                 other
                 Examples
                 we
                 have
                 met
                 with
                 in
                 the
                 writings
                 of
                 Physicians
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 forbear
                 to
                 add
                 to
                 these
                 ,
                 because
                 ,
                 I
                 confess
                 ,
                 I
                 very
                 much
                 doubt
                 the
                 Truth
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 deliverers
                 of
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 be
                 men
                 of
                 Note
                 .
                 But
                 the
                 probability
                 of
                 most
                 of
                 the
                 things
                 already
                 cited
                 out
                 of
                 credible
                 Authors
                 may
                 be
                 strengthned
                 by
                 what
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 subjoyn
                 ,
                 as
                 a
                 further
                 proof
                 of
                 the
                 distinct
                 Nature
                 of
                 Effluvia
                 ;
                 of
                 which
                 it
                 will
                 be
                 a
                 very
                 considerable
                 Proof
                 ,
                 if
                 Medicines
                 ,
                 which
                 are
                 of
                 a
                 milder
                 and
                 
                 more
                 familiar
                 nature
                 and
                 operation
                 than
                 Poysons
                 ,
                 shall
                 yet
                 be
                 able
                 in
                 some
                 cases
                 to
                 retain
                 ,
                 in
                 their
                 invisible
                 Particles
                 swimming
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 the
                 same
                 ,
                 (
                 though
                 not
                 so
                 great
                 )
                 power
                 of
                 Purging
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 known
                 to
                 belong
                 to
                 them
                 when
                 their
                 gross
                 Body
                 is
                 taken
                 in
                 at
                 the
                 Mouth
                 .
                 Of
                 this
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 ,
                 on
                 another
                 occasion
                 ,
                 given
                 some
                 Examples
                 .
                 To
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 know
                 a
                 Doctor
                 of
                 Physick
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 usually
                 Purg'd
                 by
                 the
                 Odours
                 or
                 Exhalations
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 Electuary
                 ,
                 whose
                 Cathartick
                 Operation
                 ,
                 when
                 it
                 is
                 taken
                 in
                 substance
                 ,
                 is
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 but
                 languid
                 .
                 And
                 another
                 Doctor
                 of
                 my
                 acquaintance
                 ,
                 causing
                 good
                 store
                 of
                 the
                 root
                 of
                 black
                 Hellebore
                 to
                 be
                 long
                 pounded
                 in
                 a
                 mortar
                 ,
                 most
                 of
                 those
                 ,
                 that
                 were
                 in
                 the
                 room
                 ,
                 and
                 especially
                 the
                 party
                 that
                 pounded
                 it
                 ,
                 were
                 thereby
                 purg'd
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 strongly
                 enough
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 Learned
                 Sennertus
                 somewhere
                 affirms
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 will
                 be
                 purg'd
                 by
                 the
                 very
                 Odour
                 of
                 Colocynthis
                 .
                 And
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 pass'd
                 by
                 
                 unregarded
                 ;
                 that
                 in
                 the
                 cases
                 I
                 have
                 alledg'd
                 ,
                 Exhalations
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 endow'd
                 with
                 Occult
                 Qualities
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 those
                 of
                 Cathartick
                 Medicines
                 are
                 reckon'd
                 among
                 such
                 )
                 ascend
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 without
                 being
                 forc'd
                 from
                 the
                 Bodies
                 they
                 belong'd
                 to
                 by
                 an
                 External
                 heat
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 if
                 I
                 would
                 in
                 this
                 place
                 alledge
                 Examples
                 of
                 the
                 Operations
                 of
                 such
                 Effluvia
                 ,
                 as
                 do
                 not
                 pass
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 but
                 yet
                 operate
                 only
                 by
                 the
                 contact
                 of
                 the
                 External
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 give
                 Instances
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 of
                 the
                 Purgative
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 Emetick
                 Qualities
                 of
                 some
                 Medicines
                 exerted
                 without
                 their
                 being
                 taken
                 in
                 at
                 the
                 Mouth
                 ,
                 or
                 injected
                 with
                 Instruments
                 .
              
               
                 There
                 are
                 also
                 other
                 sorts
                 of
                 Examples
                 than
                 those
                 hitherto
                 mentioned
                 ,
                 that
                 argue
                 a
                 Determinate
                 Nature
                 in
                 the
                 Effluxions
                 of
                 some
                 Bodies
                 emitted
                 into
                 the
                 Air.
                 Approv'd
                 Writers
                 tell
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Shadow
                 of
                 a
                 Walnut-tree
                 with
                 the
                 Leaves
                 on
                 it
                 is
                 very
                 hurtful
                 to
                 the
                 Head
                 ;
                 and
                 some
                 Instances
                 they
                 give
                 us
                 of
                 great
                 mischief
                 it
                 has
                 
                 sometimes
                 done
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 the
                 Shadow
                 ,
                 as
                 such
                 ,
                 is
                 not
                 likely
                 to
                 be
                 guilty
                 of
                 such
                 bad
                 Effects
                 ;
                 yet
                 the
                 Effluvia
                 of
                 the
                 neighbouring
                 Plant
                 may
                 be
                 noxious
                 enough
                 to
                 the
                 Head.
                 For
                 I
                 ,
                 that
                 was
                 not
                 at
                 all
                 prepossess'd
                 with
                 an
                 opinion
                 that
                 it
                 was
                 so
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 without
                 scruple
                 resorted
                 to
                 the
                 Shade
                 of
                 Walnut
                 trees
                 in
                 a
                 hot
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 was
                 by
                 experience
                 forc'd
                 to
                 think
                 it
                 might
                 give
                 others
                 the
                 Head-ach
                 ,
                 since
                 it
                 did
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 who
                 ,
                 thanks
                 be
                 to
                 God
                 ,
                 both
                 was
                 ,
                 and
                 am
                 still
                 very
                 little
                 subject
                 to
                 that
                 distemper
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 brings
                 into
                 my
                 mind
                 an
                 Observation
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 met
                 with
                 among
                 some
                 ingenious
                 Travellers
                 into
                 the
                 West-Indies
                 ,
                 who
                 observe
                 in
                 general
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 late
                 a
                 Country-man
                 of
                 our
                 own
                 affirms
                 it
                 in
                 particular
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 poysonous
                 Manchinello-tree
                 ,
                 that
                 Birds
                 will
                 not
                 only
                 forbear
                 to
                 eat
                 of
                 the
                 Fruit
                 of
                 venemous
                 Plants
                 ,
                 but
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 will
                 not
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 light
                 on
                 the
                 Trees
                 :
                 Which
                 I
                 therefore
                 mention
                 ,
                 because
                 probably
                 Nature
                 instructs
                 them
                 to
                 avoid
                 
                 such
                 Trees
                 by
                 some
                 noxious
                 Smell
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 Emanation
                 ,
                 that
                 offends
                 the
                 approaching
                 Birds
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 of
                 our
                 Navigators
                 give
                 it
                 for
                 a
                 Rule
                 to
                 those
                 that
                 happen
                 to
                 land
                 in
                 unknown
                 Islands
                 or
                 Coasts
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 may
                 venture
                 to
                 eat
                 of
                 those
                 parts
                 of
                 Fruits
                 which
                 they
                 can
                 perceive
                 ,
                 the
                 Birds
                 ,
                 like
                 kind
                 Tasters
                 ,
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 pecking
                 at
                 before
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Nicolaus
                   Florentinus
                
                 (
                 cited
                 by
                 Sennertus
                 )
                 tells
                 us
                 of
                 a
                 certain
                 Lombard
                 ,
                 that
                 having
                 in
                 a
                 House
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 nam'd
                 ,
                 at
                 Florence
                 ,
                 burn'd
                 a
                 great
                 black
                 Spider
                 at
                 the
                 flame
                 of
                 a
                 Candle
                 ,
                 so
                 unwarily
                 ,
                 that
                 he
                 drew
                 in
                 the
                 Steams
                 of
                 it
                 at
                 his
                 Nostrils
                 ,
                 presently
                 began
                 to
                 be
                 much
                 disorder'd
                 and
                 fell
                 into
                 a
                 fainting
                 fit
                 ,
                 and
                 for
                 the
                 whole
                 night
                 had
                 his
                 Heart
                 much
                 disaffected
                 ,
                 his
                 Pulse
                 being
                 so
                 weak
                 ,
                 that
                 one
                 could
                 scarce
                 perceive
                 he
                 had
                 any
                 ;
                 though
                 afterwards
                 he
                 was
                 cured
                 by
                 Treacle
                 ,
                 Diamose
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 powder
                 of
                 Zedoary
                 mixt
                 together
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 that
                 being
                 some
                 years
                 ago
                 in
                 Ireland
                 ,
                 I
                 gather'd
                 a
                 
                 certain
                 Plant
                 (
                 peculiar
                 to
                 some
                 parts
                 of
                 that
                 Countrey
                 )
                 which
                 the
                 Natives
                 call
                 Maccu-buy
                 ,
                 because
                 of
                 strange
                 Traditions
                 that
                 go
                 about
                 it
                 ;
                 the
                 chief
                 of
                 which
                 I
                 found
                 by
                 tryal
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 true
                 :
                 But
                 yet
                 being
                 satisfied
                 ,
                 that
                 its
                 Operations
                 were
                 odd
                 and
                 violent
                 enough
                 ,
                 I
                 was
                 willing
                 to
                 gratifie
                 the
                 chief
                 Physician
                 of
                 the
                 Countrey
                 ,
                 who
                 was
                 desirous
                 I
                 should
                 propose
                 to
                 him
                 some
                 wayes
                 of
                 correcting
                 it
                 ;
                 and
                 whilst
                 I
                 was
                 speaking
                 of
                 one
                 that
                 required
                 the
                 pounding
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 he
                 told
                 me
                 on
                 that
                 occasion
                 ,
                 that
                 intending
                 to
                 make
                 an
                 extract
                 of
                 it
                 with
                 Vinegar
                 ,
                 he
                 caus'd
                 his
                 man
                 to
                 beat
                 it
                 well
                 in
                 a
                 Mortar
                 ,
                 which
                 the
                 man
                 soon
                 repented
                 he
                 had
                 begun
                 to
                 do
                 :
                 And
                 the
                 Doctor
                 himself
                 ,
                 though
                 at
                 a
                 pretty
                 distance
                 off
                 ,
                 was
                 so
                 wrought
                 upon
                 by
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 that
                 issued
                 out
                 into
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 that
                 his
                 Head
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 his
                 Face
                 ,
                 swell'd
                 to
                 an
                 enormous
                 and
                 disfiguring
                 bulk
                 ,
                 and
                 continued
                 tumid
                 for
                 no
                 inconsiderable
                 time
                 after
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 have
                 not
                 leisure
                 to
                 subjoyn
                 many
                 
                 more
                 Instances
                 to
                 shew
                 the
                 Determinate
                 Nature
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 ,
                 small
                 enough
                 to
                 wander
                 through
                 the
                 Air
                 ;
                 nor
                 perhaps
                 will
                 it
                 be
                 necessary
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 please
                 but
                 to
                 consider
                 these
                 two
                 things
                 .
                 The
                 first
                 ,
                 that
                 many
                 odoriferous
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 as
                 Amber
                 ,
                 Musk
                 ,
                 Civet
                 ,
                 &c.
                 as
                 they
                 will
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 adhesion
                 of
                 their
                 whole
                 substance
                 ,
                 perfume
                 Skins
                 ,
                 Linnen
                 ,
                 &c.
                 so
                 they
                 will
                 in
                 time
                 perfume
                 some
                 Bodies
                 disposed
                 to
                 admit
                 their
                 action
                 ,
                 though
                 kept
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 from
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 the
                 other
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 Pestilential
                 Feavers
                 and
                 divers
                 other
                 Contagious
                 sicknesses
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Plague
                 ,
                 Small-pox
                 ,
                 or
                 Measels
                 ,
                 the
                 same
                 determinate
                 Disease
                 is
                 communicable
                 to
                 found
                 persons
                 ,
                 not
                 only
                 by
                 the
                 immediate
                 contact
                 of
                 the
                 infected
                 party
                 ;
                 but
                 without
                 it
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Contagious
                 Steams
                 that
                 exhale
                 from
                 his
                 Body
                 into
                 the
                 Air.
                 And
                 having
                 said
                 this
                 and
                 desir'd
                 you
                 to
                 reflect
                 upon
                 it
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 conclude
                 this
                 Chapter
                 with
                 an
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 that
                 possibly
                 will
                 not
                 a
                 little
                 confirm
                 a
                 great
                 part
                 of
                 it
                 .
              
               
               
                 Considering
                 then
                 with
                 my self
                 ,
                 how
                 I
                 might
                 best
                 devise
                 a
                 way
                 of
                 shewing
                 to
                 the
                 very
                 Eye
                 ,
                 That
                 Effluvia
                 elevated
                 without
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 Heat
                 ,
                 and
                 wandering
                 in
                 the
                 Air
                 ,
                 may
                 both
                 retain
                 their
                 own
                 Nature
                 ,
                 and
                 upon
                 determinate
                 Bodies
                 produce
                 Effects
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 Vulgar
                 Philosopher
                 would
                 ascribe
                 to
                 Occult
                 Qualities
                 :
                 I
                 remember'd
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 had
                 found
                 by
                 tryals
                 (
                 made
                 to
                 other
                 purposes
                 )
                 that
                 Volatile
                 and
                 Sulphureous
                 Salts
                 would
                 so
                 work
                 upon
                 some
                 Acid
                 ones
                 sublim'd
                 with
                 Mercury
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 produce
                 an
                 odd
                 diversity
                 of
                 Colours
                 ,
                 but
                 chiefly
                 an
                 Inky
                 one
                 ;
                 on
                 which
                 account
                 I
                 judg'd
                 it
                 likely
                 that
                 my
                 aim
                 would
                 by
                 answer'd
                 by
                 the
                 following
                 Experiment
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 took
                 an
                 Ounce
                 ,
                 or
                 better
                 ,
                 of
                 such
                 a
                 Volatile
                 Tincture
                 of
                 Sulphur
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 *
                 taught
                 you
                 to
                 make
                 of
                 Quick-lime
                 ,
                 Sulphur
                 and
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 ,
                 and
                 stop'd
                 it
                 up
                 in
                 a
                 Vial
                 
                 capable
                 of
                 containing
                 at
                 least
                 twice
                 as
                 much
                 ;
                 then
                 taking
                 a
                 Paper
                 whereon
                 something
                 had
                 been
                 written
                 with
                 invisible
                 Ink
                 ,
                 I
                 laid
                 it
                 down
                 six
                 Inches
                 off
                 of
                 the
                 Vial
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 being
                 unstop'd
                 ,
                 began
                 ,
                 upon
                 the
                 access
                 of
                 the
                 Fire
                 ,
                 to
                 emit
                 white
                 Fumes
                 into
                 it
                 ;
                 and
                 by
                 these
                 ,
                 what
                 was
                 written
                 upon
                 the
                 Paper
                 ,
                 notwithstanding
                 its
                 distance
                 from
                 the
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 quickly
                 became
                 very
                 legible
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 quite
                 so
                 suddenly
                 ,
                 as
                 if
                 a
                 Paper
                 ,
                 written
                 with
                 the
                 same
                 clear
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 were
                 held
                 at
                 the
                 like
                 distance
                 directly
                 over
                 the
                 orifice
                 of
                 the
                 Vial.
                 And
                 having
                 caus'd
                 several
                 pieces
                 of
                 clean
                 Paper
                 to
                 be
                 written
                 on
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 new
                 Pen
                 dip'd
                 in
                 the
                 clear
                 Solution
                 of
                 Sublimate
                 made
                 in
                 Water
                 ,
                 't
                 was
                 pleasant
                 to
                 see
                 ,
                 how
                 divers
                 of
                 the
                 Letters
                 of
                 several
                 of
                 these
                 Papers
                 ,
                 being
                 plac'd
                 within
                 some
                 convenient
                 distance
                 of
                 the
                 Vial
                 ,
                 would
                 be
                 made
                 plainly
                 legible
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 more
                 ,
                 some
                 less
                 blackish
                 ,
                 according
                 to
                 their
                 distances
                 from
                 the
                 smoaking
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 and
                 other
                 Circumstances
                 .
                 But
                 't
                 was
                 
                 more
                 surprizing
                 to
                 see
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 I
                 held
                 or
                 laid
                 some
                 of
                 these
                 Papers
                 ,
                 though
                 with
                 the
                 written
                 side
                 upwards
                 ,
                 just
                 upon
                 or
                 over
                 the
                 orifice
                 of
                 the
                 Vial
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 contained
                 Liquor
                 did
                 not
                 by
                 some
                 Inches
                 reach
                 so
                 high
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 latent
                 Letters
                 would
                 become
                 not
                 only
                 legible
                 but
                 conspicuous
                 in
                 about
                 a
                 quarter
                 of
                 a
                 Minute
                 of
                 an
                 Hour
                 (
                 measur'd
                 by
                 a
                 good
                 Watch
                 fit
                 for
                 the
                 purpose
                 ,
                 as
                 more
                 than
                 one
                 tryal
                 assur'd
                 me
                 .
                 )
                 And
                 as
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 observ'd
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 some
                 Circumstances
                 the
                 smoaking
                 Liquor
                 and
                 the
                 Solution
                 of
                 Sublimate
                 will
                 make
                 an
                 odd
                 Precipitate
                 almost
                 of
                 a
                 silverish
                 colour
                 ,
                 so
                 in
                 one
                 or
                 two
                 of
                 our
                 Tryals
                 we
                 found
                 a
                 like
                 colour
                 produc'd
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 Steams
                 of
                 that
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 in
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 colourless
                 Ink.
                 Nor
                 is
                 it
                 so
                 necessary
                 to
                 employ
                 a
                 visibly
                 smoaking
                 Liquor
                 for
                 the
                 denigrating
                 of
                 invisible
                 Ink
                 at
                 a
                 distance
                 .
                 For
                 I
                 have
                 ,
                 to
                 that
                 purpose
                 ,
                 with
                 good
                 success
                 ,
                 though
                 not
                 equal
                 to
                 that
                 I
                 have
                 recited
                 ,
                 employ'd
                 a
                 couple
                 of
                 Liquors
                 ,
                 wherein
                 there
                 was
                 neither
                 Sulphur
                 ,
                 
                 nor
                 
                   Sal
                   Armoniack
                
                 ,
                 nor
                 Sublimate
                 .
                 What
                 other
                 Tryals
                 I
                 made
                 with
                 our
                 Volatile
                 Tincture
                 of
                 Sulphur
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 necessary
                 here
                 to
                 relate
                 ,
                 only
                 one
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 which
                 you
                 will
                 possibly
                 think
                 odd
                 enough
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 not
                 omit
                 ;
                 because
                 it
                 will
                 not
                 only
                 confirm
                 the
                 precedent
                 Tryals
                 ,
                 but
                 also
                 much
                 of
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Essay
                 ,
                 by
                 shewing
                 the
                 great
                 Subtilty
                 and
                 penetrating
                 power
                 of
                 Effluviums
                 that
                 seem
                 rather
                 to
                 issue
                 out
                 very
                 faintly
                 ,
                 than
                 to
                 be
                 darted
                 out
                 with
                 any
                 briskness
                 .
              
               
                 Causing
                 then
                 something
                 to
                 be
                 written
                 with
                 dissolv'd
                 Sublimate
                 upon
                 a
                 piece
                 of
                 Paper
                 ,
                 we
                 folded
                 the
                 Paper
                 with
                 the
                 written
                 side
                 inwards
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 inclos'd
                 this
                 in
                 the
                 midst
                 of
                 six
                 sheets
                 of
                 Paper
                 ,
                 laid
                 one
                 upon
                 another
                 ,
                 not
                 plac'd
                 one
                 within
                 another
                 ,
                 and
                 folded
                 up
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 an
                 ordinary
                 Letter
                 or
                 packet
                 to
                 be
                 seal'd
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 the
                 edges
                 of
                 the
                 enclosing
                 Paper
                 being
                 inserted
                 one
                 within
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 the
                 Fumes
                 might
                 not
                 get
                 into
                 this
                 written
                 Paper
                 but
                 by
                 penetrating
                 through
                 the
                 Leaves
                 themselves
                 :
                 This
                 
                 done
                 ,
                 that
                 side
                 of
                 the
                 Packet
                 ,
                 on
                 which
                 there
                 was
                 no
                 commissure
                 ,
                 and
                 on
                 which
                 ,
                 were
                 it
                 to
                 be
                 sent
                 away
                 ,
                 the
                 Superscription
                 should
                 be
                 written
                 ,
                 was
                 laid
                 upon
                 the
                 orifice
                 of
                 the
                 Vial
                 ,
                 which
                 (
                 as
                 was
                 before
                 intimated
                 )
                 was
                 some
                 Inches
                 higher
                 than
                 the
                 surface
                 of
                 the
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 and
                 left
                 there
                 about
                 ten
                 Minutes
                 ;
                 after
                 which
                 taking
                 off
                 the
                 folded
                 Papers
                 ,
                 and
                 opening
                 them
                 ,
                 we
                 found
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Steams
                 had
                 pervaded
                 all
                 the
                 Leaves
                 ,
                 in
                 which
                 the
                 written
                 Paper
                 had
                 been
                 enclos'd
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 Leaves
                 did
                 not
                 appear
                 stain'd
                 or
                 alter'd
                 ,
                 yet
                 the
                 formerly
                 latent
                 Characters
                 appear'd
                 conspicuous
                 .
                 I
                 have
                 not
                 time
                 to
                 discourse
                 ,
                 whether
                 and
                 how
                 far
                 this
                 Experiment
                 may
                 assist
                 us
                 to
                 explain
                 some
                 odd
                 Effects
                 of
                 Thunder
                 ,
                 or
                 of
                 that
                 strange
                 Phaenomenon
                 ,
                 (
                 glanc'd
                 at
                 in
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Chapter
                 ,
                 )
                 which
                 is
                 said
                 to
                 have
                 happen'd
                 lately
                 in
                 the
                 Kingdom
                 of
                 Naples
                 after
                 the
                 great
                 Eruption
                 of
                 Vesuvitus
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 said
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 follow'd
                 by
                 the
                 appearing
                 of
                 the
                 Crosses
                 formerly
                 mention'd
                 ,
                 some
                 of
                 
                 which
                 have
                 been
                 found
                 on
                 the
                 innermost
                 parts
                 of
                 Linnen
                 ,
                 that
                 had
                 been
                 carefully
                 folded
                 up
                 .
                 But
                 of
                 these
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 things
                 ,
                 I
                 say
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 now
                 no
                 time
                 to
                 discourse
                 ,
                 whether
                 any
                 thing
                 derivable
                 from
                 our
                 Experiment
                 may
                 be
                 pertinently
                 apply'd
                 to
                 their
                 Explication
                 .
                 For
                 which
                 reason
                 I
                 shall
                 add
                 no
                 more
                 than
                 that
                 afterwards
                 for
                 further
                 tryal
                 we
                 took
                 a
                 printed
                 Book
                 ,
                 that
                 chanc'd
                 to
                 be
                 at
                 hand
                 ,
                 and
                 which
                 we
                 judg'd
                 the
                 fittest
                 for
                 our
                 purpose
                 ,
                 because
                 the
                 leaves
                 being
                 broad
                 they
                 might
                 the
                 better
                 preserve
                 a
                 small
                 Paper
                 to
                 be
                 plac'd
                 in
                 the
                 mid'st
                 of
                 them
                 from
                 being
                 accessible
                 to
                 the
                 Exhalations
                 sidewise
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 put
                 the
                 design'd
                 Paper
                 into
                 this
                 Book
                 ,
                 and
                 held
                 it
                 to
                 the
                 orifice
                 of
                 the
                 Vial
                 ,
                 though
                 there
                 were
                 no
                 less
                 than
                 twelve
                 leaves
                 between
                 them
                 ;
                 yet
                 those
                 Letters
                 ,
                 that
                 happen'd
                 to
                 be
                 the
                 most
                 rightly
                 plac'd
                 ,
                 were
                 made
                 inky
                 in
                 the
                 short
                 space
                 of
                 three
                 Minutes
                 at
                 the
                 utmost
                 ;
                 though
                 this
                 Liquor
                 had
                 been
                 so
                 long
                 kept
                 and
                 so
                 often
                 unstop'd
                 to
                 try
                 Conclusions
                 with
                 it
                 ,
                 
                 that
                 it
                 had
                 probably
                 lost
                 a
                 good
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 spirituous
                 and
                 piercing
                 Particles
                 .
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
           
             
             
               NEW
               EXPERIMENTS
               ,
               To
               make
               the
               PARTS
               OF
               FIRE
               and
               
                 FLAME
                 Stable
              
               &
               Ponderable
               .
            
             
               BY
               
                 The
                 Honorable
              
               Robert
               Boyle
               .
            
             
               LONDON
               :
               Printed
               by
               WILLIAM
               GODBID
               ,
               for
               
                 Moses
                 Pitt
              
               ,
               at
               the
               Sign
               of
               the
               White
               Hart
               in
               
                 Little
                 Britain
              
               .
               1673.
               
            
          
           
             
             
             
               A
               PREFACE
               ;
               SHEWING
               The
               Motive
               ,
               Design
               ,
               and
               Parts
               of
               the
               ensuing
               Tract
               .
            
             
               THE
               Inducements
               which
               put
               me
               upon
               the
               Attempt
               ,
               express'd
               in
               the
               Title
               of
               this
               Essay
               ,
               were
               chiefly
               these
               :
            
             
               First
               ,
               I
               consider'd
               ,
               that
               the
               Interstellar
               part
               of
               the
               Universe
               ,
               consisting
               of
               Air
               and
               Aether
               ,
               or
               Fluids
               analogous
               to
               one
               of
               them
               ,
               is
               diaphanous
               ;
               and
               that
               the
               Aether
               is
               ,
               as
               it
               were
               ,
               a
               vast
               Ocean
               ,
               wherein
               the
               Luminous
               globes
               ,
               that
               here
               and
               there
               like
               Fishes
               swim
               by
               their
               own
               motion
               ,
               or
               like
               Bodies
               in
               Whirlpools
               are
               
                 carried
                 about
              
               by
               the
               Ambient
               ,
               are
               but
               very
               thinly
               dispers'd
               ,
               and
               consequently
               that
               the
               proportion
               ,
               that
               the
               Fixt
               Stars
               
               and
               Planetary
               Bodies
               bear
               to
               the
               diaphanous
               part
               of
               the
               World
               ,
               is
               exceeding
               small
               and
               scarce
               considerable
               ;
               though
               we
               should
               admit
               the
               Sun
               and
               Fixt
               Stars
               to
               be
               Opacous
               Bodies
               upon
               the
               account
               of
               their
               terminating
               our
               sight
               :
               Which
               diffident
               Expression
               I
               employ
               ,
               because
               I
               have
               elsewhere
               shewn
               by
               two
               or
               three
               Experiments
               ,
               purposely
               devised
               ,
               that
               a
               Body
               may
               appear
               opacous
               to
               our
               Eyes
               ,
               and
               yet
               allow
               free
               passage
               to
               the
               beams
               of
               Light.
               
            
             
               I
               further
               consider'd
               ,
               that
               there
               being
               so
               vast
               a
               disproportion
               between
               the
               diaphanous
               part
               of
               the
               World
               and
               the
               Globes
               ,
               about
               which
               't
               is
               every
               way
               diffused
               ,
               and
               with
               which
               it
               is
               sometimes
               in
               great
               portions
               mingled
               ,
               as
               in
               the
               water
               ,
               which
               together
               with
               the
               Earth
               makes
               up
               the
               Globe
               we
               inhabit
               ;
               and
               the
               nature
               of
               Diaphanous
               Bodies
               being
               such
               ,
               that
               ,
               when
               the
               Sun
               or
               any
               other
               Luminous
               Body
               illustrates
               them
               ,
               that
               which
               we
               call
               Light
               does
               so
               penetrate
               and
               mix
               it self
               
                 per
                 minima
              
               with
               them
               ,
               that
               there
               is
               no
               sensible
               part
               of
               the
               transparent
               Body
               uninlightned
               ;
               I
               thought
               it
               worth
               the
               enquiry
               ,
               whether
               a
               thing
               ,
               so
               vastly
               diffused
               
               as
               Light
               is
               were
               some
               thing
               Corporeal
               or
               not
               ?
               And
               whether
               ,
               in
               case
               it
               be
               ,
               it
               may
               be
               subjected
               to
               some
               other
               of
               our
               Senses
               besides
               our
               Sight
               ,
               whereby
               we
               may
               examine
               ;
               whether
               it
               hath
               any
               affinity
               with
               other
               Corporeal
               beings
               ,
               that
               we
               are
               acquainted
               with
               here
               below
               ?
            
             
               I
               did
               not
               all
               this
               while
               forget
               ,
               that
               the
               Peripateticks
               make
               Light
               a
               meer
               Quality
               ,
               and
               that
               Cartesius
               ingeniously
               endeavours
               to
               explicate
               it
               by
               a
               modification
               of
               Motion
               in
               an
               Aetherial
               matter
               :
               But
               I
               remember'd
               too
               ,
               that
               the
               Atomists
               of
               old
               ,
               and
               of
               late
               the
               Learned
               Gaffendus
               ,
               and
               many
               other
               Philosophers
               assert
               Light
               to
               be
               Corporeal
               ;
               and
               that
               some
               Tears
               since
               ,
               though
               I
               declined
               to
               pass
               my
               Judgement
               about
               the
               Question
               ,
               yet
               I
               had
               employ'd
               Arguments
               ,
               that
               appear'd
               plausible
               enough
               to
               shew
               ,
               That
               't
               was
               not
               absurd
               to
               suppose
               ,
               that
               the
               Sun
               ,
               which
               is
               the
               Fixt
               Star
               most
               known
               to
               us
               ,
               might
               be
               a
               Fiery
               Body
               .
               And
               therefore
               doubting
               ,
               whether
               the
               Corporeity
               of
               Light
               would
               be
               in
               haste
               Determined
               by
               meer
               Ratiocinations
               ,
               I
               thought
               it
               very
               well
               worth
               the
               endeavouring
               to
               try
               whether
               I
               could
               do
               any
               
               thing
               towards
               clearing
               the
               dispute
               of
               it
               by
               Experiments
               ;
               especially
               being
               perswaded
               ,
               that
               ,
               though
               such
               an
               attempt
               should
               be
               ineffectual
               ,
               it
               would
               but
               leave
               the
               controversie
               in
               its
               former
               state
               ,
               without
               prejudicing
               either
               of
               the
               contending
               Hypotheses
               ;
               and
               yet
               ,
               if
               it
               should
               prove
               successful
               ,
               the
               consequences
               of
               it
               would
               be
               very
               great
               and
               useful
               towards
               the
               explicating
               of
               divers
               Phaenomena
               in
               divers
               parts
               of
               Natural
               Philosophy
               ,
               as
               in
               Chymistry
               ,
               Botanicks
               ,
               and
               (
               if
               there
               be
               any
               such
               )
               the
               allowable
               part
               of
               Astrologie
               .
               (
               Nor
               perhaps
               would
               it
               be
               impossible
               by
               the
               help
               of
               slight
               Theorical
               alterations
               ;
               to
               reconcile
               the
               Experiments
               ,
               I
               design'd
               ,
               to
               either
               of
               the
               above-mention'd
               Hypotheses
               ,
               and
               so
               as
               to
               the
               Explication
               of
               Light
               ,
               to
               one
               another
               .
               )
            
             
               To
               compass
               then
               ,
               what
               I
               aim'd
               at
               ,
               I
               thought
               ,
               't
               was
               fit
               in
               the
               first
               place
               to
               try
               ,
               what
               I
               could
               do
               by
               the
               Union
               of
               the
               Sun-beams
               ,
               they
               being
               on
               all
               hands
               confess'd
               to
               be
               Portions
               (
               as
               I
               may
               so
               speak
               )
               of
               true
               and
               Celestial
               Light
               :
               And
               then
               ,
               I
               thought
               fit
               to
               try
               ,
               what
               could
               be
               obtain'd
               from
               Flame
               ;
               not
               only
               because
               
               that
               is
               acknowledg'd
               to
               be
               a
               Luminary
               but
               because
               I
               hoped
               ,
               the
               difficulties
               ,
               I
               foresaw
               in
               the
               other
               Tryals
               ,
               might
               be
               in
               some
               measure
               avoided
               in
               those
               made
               with
               Flame
               ;
               and
               if
               both
               sorts
               of
               them
               should
               succeed
               ,
               the
               later
               and
               former
               would
               serve
               to
               confirm
               each
               other
               .
               According
               to
               the
               Method
               I
               proposed
               of
               handling
               these
               two
               Subjects
               ,
               I
               should
               begin
               with
               some
               account
               of
               what
               I
               attempted
               to
               perform
               in
               the
               Sun-beams
               :
               But
               the
               truth
               is
               ,
               that
               when
               I
               chanc'd
               to
               fall
               upon
               the
               Enquiry
               that
               occasion'd
               this
               Paper
               ,
               besides
               that
               the
               time
               of
               the
               Year
               it self
               was
               not
               over-favourable
               ,
               the
               weather
               proved
               so
               extraordinary
               dark
               and
               unseasonable
               that
               it
               was
               wonder'd
               at
               ;
               so
               that
               ,
               though
               I
               was
               furnish'd
               with
               good
               Burning-glasses
               ,
               and
               did
               several
               times
               begin
               to
               make
               tryals
               upon
               divers
               Bodies
               ,
               as
               Lead
               ,
               Quicksilver
               ,
               Antimony
               ,
               &c.
               yet
               the
               frequent
               interposition
               of
               Clouds
               and
               Mists
               did
               so
               disfavour
               my
               Attempts
               ,
               that
               ,
               however
               they
               were
               not
               all
               alike
               defeated
               ,
               yet
               I
               could
               not
               prosecute
               the
               greatest
               part
               of
               them
               to
               my
               own
               satisfaction
               .
               And
               therefore
               being
               unwilling
               to
               build
               on
               them
               as
               yet
               ;
               
               I
               shall
               reserve
               an
               account
               of
               them
               for
               another
               opportunity
               ;
               and
               now
               proceed
               to
               the
               mention
               of
               that
               sort
               of
               Experiments
               which
               depending
               less
               on
               Casualities
               ,
               't
               was
               more
               in
               my
               power
               to
               bring
               to
               an
               Issue
               .
            
             
               I
               know
               I
               might
               have
               saved
               both
               you
               and
               my self
               some
               time
               and
               pains
               by
               omitting
               several
               of
               these
               Tryals
               ,
               and
               by
               a
               more
               compendious
               way
               of
               delivering
               the
               rest
               .
               But
               I
               rather
               chose
               the
               course
               I
               have
               taken
               ;
               partly
               because
               the
               Novelty
               and
               Improbabilities
               of
               the
               Truth
               I
               deliver
               seems
               to
               require
               ,
               that
               it
               be
               made
               out
               by
               a
               good
               number
               of
               Tryals
               ;
               partly
               because
               I
               thought
               it
               might
               not
               be
               altogether
               useless
               to
               you
               and
               your
               Friends
               ,
               to
               see
               upon
               what
               Inducements
               the
               several
               steps
               were
               made
               in
               this
               Inquiry
               ;
               partly
               because
               I
               was
               willing
               to
               contribute
               something
               towards
               the
               History
               that
               now
               perhaps
               will
               be
               thought
               fit
               to
               be
               made
               of
               the
               Increment
               or
               Decrement
               that
               particular
               Bodies
               may
               receive
               by
               being
               exposed
               to
               the
               Fire
               ;
               and
               partly
               (
               in
               fine
               )
               because
               the
               Incongruity
               of
               the
               Doctrine
               here
               asserted
               to
               the
               Opinions
               of
               the
               Schools
               ,
               and
               the
               general
               Prepossessions
               
               of
               Mankind
               ,
               made
               me
               think
               it
               fit
               by
               a
               considerable
               Variety
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               number
               ,
               of
               Experiments
               to
               obviate
               ,
               as
               far
               as
               may
               be
               ,
               the
               differing
               Objections
               and
               Evasions
               wherewith
               a
               Truth
               so
               paradoxical
               may
               expect
               to
               be
               encountred
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
             
               New
               EXPERIMENTS
               ,
               To
               make
               FIRE
               and
               FLAME
               PONDERABLE
               .
            
             
               THough
               there
               be
               among
               the
               following
               Tryals
               a
               Diversity
               that
               invites
               me
               ,
               as
               to
               rank
               them
               into
               four
               or
               five
               differing
               sorts
               ,
               so
               to
               assign
               them
               as
               many
               distinct
               Sections
               ;
               yet
               for
               the
               conveniency
               of
               making
               the
               References
               ,
               there
               will
               be
               occasion
               to
               make
               betwixt
               them
               ,
               I
               shall
               wave
               the
               Distinction
               ,
               and
               set
               them
               down
               in
               one
               continued
               Series
               .
            
             
               And
               because
               I
               am
               willing
               to
               comply
               with
               my
               hast
               ,
               as
               well
               as
               to
               deal
               frankly
               and
               without
               Ceremony
               with
               you
               ,
               I
               shall
               venture
               to
               subjoyn
               the
               naked
               Transcripts
               of
               my
               Experiments
               ,
               as
               I
               had
               in
               an
               artless
               manner
               
               set
               them
               down
               with
               many
               others
               for
               my
               own
               remembrance
               among
               my
               Adversaria
               ,
               without
               so
               much
               as
               retrenching
               some
               Circumstances
               that
               relate
               less
               to
               my
               present
               Argument
               ,
               than
               to
               some
               other
               purposes
               .
            
             
               I
               shall
               then
               begin
               with
               the
               mention
               of
               a
               couple
               of
               Experiments
               ,
               which
               though
               they
               might
               conveniently
               enough
               be
               referr'd
               to
               another
               Paper
               ;
               yet
               I
               shall
               here
               set
               them
               down
               ,
               because
               it
               seems
               very
               proper
               to
               endeavour
               to
               shew
               in
               the
               first
               place
               ,
               that
               Flame
               it-self
               may
               be
               as
               't
               were
               incorporated
               with
               close
               and
               solid
               Bodies
               so
               as
               to
               increase
               their
               bulk
               and
               weight
               .
            
             
               
               
                 Tryals
                 of
                 the
                 First
                 sort
                 .
              
               
                 
                   EXPERIMENT
                   I.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   A
                   Piece
                   of
                   Copper-plate
                   not
                   near
                   so
                   thick
                   as
                   a
                   Half-crown
                   ,
                   and
                   weighing
                   two
                   Drachmes
                   and
                   twenty-five
                   Grains
                   ,
                   was
                   so
                   plac'd
                   with
                   its
                   broad
                   part
                   Horizontal
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   Crucible
                   ,
                   whose
                   bottom
                   had
                   a
                   little
                   hole
                   in
                   it
                   ,
                   for
                   Fumes
                   to
                   get
                   out
                   at
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   could
                   not
                   be
                   removed
                   from
                   its
                   Position
                   ,
                   nor
                   be
                   easily
                   made
                   to
                   drop
                   down
                   or
                   lose
                   its
                   Level
                   to
                   the
                   Horizon
                   ,
                   though
                   the
                   Crucible
                   were
                   turned
                   upside
                   down
                   :
                   Then
                   about
                   an
                   Ounce
                   and
                   half
                   of
                   common
                   Sulphur
                   being
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   taller
                   and
                   broader
                   Crucible
                   ,
                   that
                   ,
                   wherein
                   the
                   Copper
                   stuck
                   ,
                   was
                   inverted
                   into
                   the
                   orifice
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Sulphur
                   being
                   kindled
                   ,
                   the
                   flame
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   the
                   melted
                   Brimstone
                   in
                   substance
                   ,
                   might
                   reach
                   the
                   Plate
                   ,
                   and
                   have
                   some
                   vent
                   beyond
                   it
                   at
                   the
                   above-mentioned
                   hole
                   .
                   
                   This
                   Brimstone
                   burn'd
                   about
                   two
                   Hours
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   time
                   it
                   seem'd
                   all
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   resolved
                   into
                   Flame
                   ,
                   no
                   flowers
                   of
                   Sulphur
                   appearing
                   to
                   have
                   sublimed
                   into
                   the
                   inside
                   of
                   the
                   upper
                   Crucible
                   ;
                   and
                   though
                   the
                   Copper-plate
                   were
                   at
                   a
                   considerable
                   distance
                   from
                   the
                   ignited
                   Sulphur
                   ,
                   yet
                   the
                   Flame
                   seem'd
                   to
                   have
                   really
                   penetrated
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   have
                   made
                   it
                   visibly
                   swell
                   or
                   grow
                   thicker
                   ;
                   which
                   appear'd
                   to
                   be
                   done
                   by
                   a
                   real
                   accession
                   of
                   substance
                   :
                   since
                   ,
                   after
                   we
                   had
                   wip'd
                   off
                   some
                   little
                   adhering
                   sordes
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   them
                   divers
                   particles
                   of
                   Copper
                   that
                   stuck
                   close
                   to
                   them
                   ,
                   the
                   Plate
                   was
                   found
                   to
                   weigh
                   near
                   two
                   and
                   thirty
                   Grains
                   more
                   than
                   at
                   first
                   ,
                   and
                   consequently
                   to
                   have
                   increased
                   its
                   former
                   weight
                   by
                   above
                   a
                   fifth
                   part
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   II.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   Having
                   ,
                   by
                   refining
                   one
                   Ounce
                   of
                   sterling
                   Silver
                   with
                   Salt-peter
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   our
                   way
                   reduc'd
                   it
                   to
                   seven
                   Drachms
                   or
                   somewhat
                   less
                   ;
                   
                   we
                   took
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   the
                   thus
                   purified
                   Silver
                   ,
                   that
                   weighed
                   one
                   Drachm
                   wanting
                   two
                   Grains
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   order'd
                   it
                   as
                   the
                   Copper-plate
                   had
                   been
                   in
                   the
                   former
                   Experiment
                   ,
                   after
                   the
                   flame
                   of
                   above
                   one
                   Ounce
                   and
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   Sulphur
                   ,
                   (
                   that
                   Quantity
                   chancing
                   to
                   be
                   suitable
                   to
                   the
                   Capacity
                   of
                   the
                   Crucible
                   )
                   had
                   for
                   about
                   an
                   Hour
                   and
                   a
                   half
                   beat
                   upon
                   it
                   ,
                   the
                   Silver-plate
                   seem'd
                   to
                   the
                   Eye
                   somewhat
                   swell'd
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   lower
                   surface
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   next
                   the
                   flame
                   ,
                   was
                   brought
                   to
                   a
                   great
                   smoothness
                   ,
                   the
                   weight
                   being
                   increas'd
                   to
                   one
                   Drachm
                   five
                   Grains
                   and
                   three
                   quarters
                   ;
                   which
                   increase
                   of
                   weight
                   falling
                   so
                   short
                   of
                   that
                   which
                   was
                   gain'd
                   by
                   the
                   Copper
                   ,
                   I
                   leave
                   it
                   to
                   you
                   to
                   consider
                   ,
                   whether
                   the
                   difference
                   may
                   be
                   attributed
                   to
                   the
                   closeness
                   and
                   compactness
                   of
                   the
                   Silver
                   ,
                   argued
                   by
                   its
                   being
                   heavier
                   in
                   specie
                   than
                   Copper
                   ;
                   or
                   to
                   the
                   greater
                   congruity
                   of
                   the
                   pores
                   of
                   Copper
                   to
                   be
                   wrought
                   on
                   by
                   the
                   fiery
                   
                     Menstruum
                     ;
                     or
                  
                   to
                   some
                   other
                   cause
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                 
                   If
                   you
                   should
                   here
                   ask
                   me
                   ,
                   by
                   what
                   Rational
                   inducements
                   I
                   could
                   be
                   led
                   to
                   entertain
                   so
                   extravagant
                   an
                   expectation
                   ,
                   as
                   that
                   such
                   a
                   light
                   and
                   subtile
                   Body
                   as
                   Flame
                   should
                   be
                   able
                   to
                   give
                   an
                   augmentation
                   of
                   weight
                   to
                   such
                   ponderous
                   Bodies
                   as
                   Minerals
                   and
                   Metals
                   ;
                   I
                   shall
                   now
                   ,
                   to
                   avoid
                   making
                   anticipations
                   here
                   ,
                   or
                   needless
                   repetitions
                   hereafter
                   ,
                   return
                   you
                   only
                   this
                   Answer
                   :
                   That
                   the
                   expectation
                   you
                   wonder
                   at
                   may
                   justly
                   be
                   entertained
                   upon
                   the
                   same
                   or
                   such
                   like
                   inducements
                   ,
                   as
                   you
                   may
                   easily
                   discover
                   in
                   another
                   Paper
                   ,
                   entitled
                   
                     Corollarium
                     Paradoxum
                  
                   .
                   For
                   ,
                   supposing
                   upon
                   the
                   grounds
                   there
                   laid
                   ,
                   that
                   Flame
                   may
                   act
                   upon
                   some
                   Bodies
                   as
                   a
                   Menstruum
                   ,
                   it
                   seems
                   no
                   way
                   incredible
                   ,
                   that
                   ,
                   as
                   almost
                   all
                   other
                   Menstruums
                   ,
                   so
                   Flame
                   should
                   have
                   some
                   of
                   its
                   own
                   Particles
                   united
                   with
                   those
                   of
                   the
                   Bodies
                   expos'd
                   to
                   its
                   action
                   :
                   And
                   the
                   generality
                   of
                   those
                   Particles
                   being
                   ,
                   (
                   as
                   't
                   is
                   shewn
                   in
                   the
                   Paradox
                   about
                   the
                   Fewel
                   of
                   Flames
                   ,
                   )
                   either
                   Saline
                   ,
                   or
                   of
                   some
                   
                   such
                   piercing
                   and
                   Terrestrial
                   nature
                   ,
                   't
                   is
                   no
                   wonder
                   ,
                   that
                   being
                   wedg'd
                   into
                   the
                   Pores
                   ,
                   or
                   being
                   brought
                   to
                   adhere
                   very
                   fast
                   to
                   the
                   little
                   Parts
                   of
                   the
                   Bodies
                   expos'd
                   to
                   their
                   action
                   ,
                   the
                   accession
                   of
                   so
                   many
                   little
                   Bodies
                   ,
                   that
                   want
                   not
                   gravity
                   ,
                   should
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   their
                   multitude
                   ,
                   be
                   considerable
                   upon
                   a
                   Ballance
                   ,
                   whereon
                   one
                   or
                   two
                   ,
                   or
                   but
                   few
                   of
                   these
                   Corpuscles
                   would
                   have
                   no
                   visible
                   Effect
                   .
                
                 
                   I
                   could
                   here
                   ,
                   if
                   it
                   were
                   expedient
                   ,
                   mention
                   some
                   odd
                   scruples
                   about
                   the
                   preceding
                   Experiments
                   ,
                   and
                   some
                   also
                   of
                   the
                   subsequent
                   ;
                   but
                   ,
                   lest
                   you
                   should
                   ,
                   with
                   some
                   other
                   of
                   my
                   Friends
                   ,
                   upbraid
                   me
                   with
                   being
                   too
                   jealous
                   and
                   Sceptical
                   ,
                   I
                   will
                   not
                   trouble
                   you
                   with
                   them
                   ;
                   but
                   proceed
                   to
                   the
                   next
                   sort
                   of
                   Tryals
                   ,
                   wherein
                   ,
                   though
                   the
                   matter
                   were
                   not
                   always
                   manifestly
                   beaten
                   on
                   by
                   a
                   shining
                   Flame
                   ;
                   yet
                   it
                   was
                   wrought
                   on
                   by
                   that
                   ,
                   which
                   would
                   be
                   called
                   Flame
                   by
                   those
                   who
                   take
                   not
                   that
                   word
                   strictly
                   ,
                   but
                   in
                   a
                   latitude
                   ,
                   and
                   which
                   this
                   Igneous
                   substance
                   may
                   more
                   properly
                   be
                   stiled
                   ,
                   
                   than
                   it
                   can
                   be
                   call'd
                   common
                   Fire
                   ,
                   this
                   being
                   visibly
                   harbour'd
                   in
                   burning
                   Coals
                   or
                   other
                   gross
                   materials
                   ,
                   from
                   which
                   our
                   Metals
                   were
                   fenc'd
                   .
                   And
                   I
                   have
                   elsewhere
                   shewn
                   by
                   experiment
                   ,
                   that
                   Visibility
                   is
                   not
                   in
                   all
                   cases
                   necessary
                   to
                   Actual
                   Flame
                   ,
                   particularly
                   when
                   the
                   Eye
                   receives
                   a
                   predominant
                   impression
                   from
                   another
                   Light.
                   
                
              
            
             
               
                 Tryals
                 of
                 the
                 Second
                 sort
                 .
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   III.
                   
                
                 
                   INto
                   a
                   Crucible
                   ,
                   whose
                   sides
                   had
                   been
                   purposely
                   taken
                   down
                   to
                   make
                   it
                   very
                   shallow
                   ,
                   was
                   put
                   one
                   Ounce
                   of
                   Copper-plates
                   ;
                   and
                   this
                   being
                   put
                   into
                   our
                   Cupelling-furnace
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   there
                   two
                   Hours
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   being
                   taken
                   out
                   we
                   weighed
                   the
                   Copper
                   (
                   which
                   had
                   not
                   been
                   melted
                   )
                   having
                   first
                   blown
                   off
                   all
                   the
                   ashes
                   ,
                   and
                   we
                   found
                   it
                   to
                   weigh
                   one
                   Ounce
                   and
                   thirty
                   Grains
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   EXPER.
                   IV.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   Supposing
                   that
                   Copper
                   ,
                   being
                   reduc'd
                   to
                   filings
                   ,
                   and
                   thereby
                   gaining
                   more
                   of
                   Superficies
                   in
                   proportion
                   to
                   its
                   bulk
                   ,
                   would
                   be
                   more
                   expos'd
                   to
                   the
                   Action
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   than
                   when
                   't
                   is
                   in
                   places
                   as
                   it
                   was
                   formerly
                   ;
                   we
                   took
                   one
                   Ounce
                   of
                   that
                   Metal
                   in
                   filings
                   ,
                   and
                   putting
                   them
                   upon
                   a
                   very
                   shallow
                   Crucible
                   ,
                   and
                   under
                   a
                   Muffler
                   ,
                   we
                   kept
                   them
                   there
                   about
                   three
                   Hours
                   ,
                   (
                   whilst
                   other
                   things
                   that
                   required
                   so
                   long
                   a
                   time
                   were
                   Cupelling
                   ;
                   )
                   and
                   afterwards
                   taking
                   them
                   off
                   ,
                   we
                   found
                   them
                   of
                   a
                   very
                   dark
                   colour
                   ,
                   not
                   melted
                   but
                   caked
                   together
                   in
                   one
                   Lump
                   ,
                   and
                   increas'd
                   in
                   weight
                   (
                   the
                   ashes
                   and
                   dust
                   being
                   blown
                   off
                   )
                   no
                   less
                   than
                   about
                   forty-nine
                   Grains
                   .
                   Part
                   of
                   which
                   increment
                   ,
                   above
                   that
                   obtained
                   by
                   the
                   Copper-plates
                   in
                   the
                   former
                   Experiment
                   ,
                   may
                   not
                   improbably
                   be
                   due
                   to
                   the
                   longer
                   time
                   that
                   in
                   this
                   Experiment
                   the
                   fil'd
                   Copper
                   was
                   kept
                   in
                   the
                   Fire
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   EXPER.
                   V.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   Being
                   willing
                   to
                   see
                   ,
                   whether
                   
                     calcin'd
                     Harts-horn
                  
                   ,
                   that
                   I
                   did
                   not
                   find
                   easie
                   to
                   be
                   wrought
                   on
                   by
                   corrosive
                   Menstruums
                   ,
                   would
                   retain
                   any
                   thing
                   of
                   the
                   Flame
                   or
                   Fire
                   to
                   which
                   it
                   should
                   be
                   expos'd
                   ;
                   we
                   weigh'd
                   out
                   one
                   Ounce
                   of
                   small
                   Lumps
                   of
                   Harts-horn
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   burnt
                   till
                   they
                   appear'd
                   white
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   put
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   Crucible
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   them
                   in
                   a
                   Cupelling-furnace
                   for
                   two
                   Hours
                   ,
                   whilst
                   some
                   Metals
                   were
                   driving
                   off
                   there
                   by
                   the
                   violence
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   ;
                   we
                   found
                   ,
                   that
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   taken
                   out
                   ,
                   they
                   had
                   lost
                   six
                   or
                   seven
                   Grains
                   of
                   their
                   former
                   weight
                   ;
                   perhaps
                   either
                   because
                   ,
                   notwithstanding
                   the
                   external
                   whiteness
                   of
                   the
                   Lumps
                   ,
                   the
                   internal
                   Parts
                   of
                   some
                   of
                   them
                   might
                   not
                   be
                   so
                   exquisitely
                   calcin'd
                   ,
                   but
                   retain
                   some
                   Oleaginous
                   or
                   other
                   Volatile
                   Substance
                   ▪
                   or
                   ,
                   because
                   ,
                   having
                   omitted
                   to
                   ignite
                   them
                   well
                   before
                   they
                   were
                   weigh'd
                   ,
                   they
                   may
                   have
                   
                   since
                   their
                   first
                   Calcination
                   imbib'd
                   some
                   moist
                   Particles
                   of
                   the
                   Air.
                   Which
                   conjecture
                   seem'd
                   the
                   likelier
                   ,
                   because
                   ,
                   having
                   kept
                   them
                   a
                   while
                   in
                   the
                   Scales
                   they
                   were
                   weigh'd
                   in
                   ,
                   they
                   did
                   within
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   Hours
                   make
                   it
                   somewhat
                   preponderate
                   .
                   On
                   which
                   occasion
                   I
                   shall
                   add
                   ,
                   that
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   ,
                   with
                   the
                   Harts-horn
                   we
                   put
                   in
                   one
                   Ounce
                   of
                   well-heated
                   Brick
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   that
                   likewise
                   in
                   the
                   Furnace
                   for
                   above
                   two
                   Hours
                   ;
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   which
                   weighing
                   it
                   whilst
                   it
                   continued
                   hot
                   ,
                   we
                   did
                   not
                   find
                   it
                   to
                   have
                   either
                   sensibly
                   got
                   or
                   lost
                   ;
                   but
                   ,
                   some
                   time
                   after
                   ,
                   it
                   seem'd
                   upon
                   the
                   Ballance
                   to
                   have
                   imbib'd
                   some
                   ,
                   though
                   but
                   very
                   little
                   ,
                   moisture
                   from
                   the
                   Air.
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   VI.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   Upon
                   a
                   good
                   Cupel
                   we
                   put
                   one
                   Ounce
                   of
                   English
                   Tin
                   of
                   the
                   better
                   sort
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   plac'd
                   it
                   in
                   the
                   Furnace
                   under
                   a
                   Muffler
                   ,
                   though
                   it
                   presently
                   melted
                   ,
                   yet
                   it
                   did
                   not
                   forsake
                   
                   its
                   place
                   ,
                   but
                   remain'd
                   upon
                   the
                   concave
                   surface
                   of
                   the
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   till
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   about
                   two
                   Hours
                   it
                   appear'd
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   well
                   calcin'd
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   being
                   taken
                   out
                   and
                   weighed
                   by
                   it self
                   ,
                   the
                   Ounce
                   of
                   Metal
                   was
                   found
                   to
                   have
                   gained
                   no
                   less
                   than
                   a
                   Drachm
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   VII
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   An
                   Ounce
                   of
                   Lead
                   was
                   put
                   upon
                   the
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   made
                   of
                   calcin'd
                   Harts-horn
                   ,
                   and
                   placed
                   under
                   the
                   Muffler
                   after
                   that
                   the
                   Cupel
                   was
                   first
                   made
                   hot
                   and
                   then
                   weighed
                   .
                   This
                   Lead
                   did
                   not
                   enter
                   into
                   the
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   but
                   was
                   turn'd
                   into
                   a
                   pretty
                   kind
                   of
                   Litharge
                   on
                   the
                   top
                   of
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   broke
                   the
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   whereby
                   some
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Cupel
                   was
                   lost
                   in
                   the
                   Furnace
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   the
                   rest
                   ,
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   Litharge
                   ,
                   weigh'd
                   seven
                   Grains
                   more
                   than
                   the
                   Ounce
                   of
                   Lead
                   and
                   the
                   heated
                   Cupel
                   did
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   put
                   in
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                   But
                   because
                   ,
                   though
                   this
                   tryal
                   shew'd
                   that
                   some
                   weight
                   was
                   gain'd
                   either
                   by
                   the
                   Metal
                   or
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   or
                   both
                   ;
                   
                   yet
                   it
                   did
                   not
                   by
                   this
                   appear
                   ,
                   what
                   either
                   of
                   them
                   acquir'd
                   ;
                   it
                   seem'd
                   fit
                   to
                   subjoyn
                   a
                   further
                   tryal
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   VIII
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   We
                   took
                   a
                   Cupel
                   about
                   two
                   Ounces
                   in
                   weight
                   ,
                   made
                   of
                   about
                   ten
                   parts
                   of
                   Bone-ashes
                   ,
                   and
                   one
                   of
                   Charcoal-ashes
                   ,
                   made
                   up
                   together
                   with
                   Ale.
                   This
                   was
                   by
                   it self
                   put
                   in
                   a
                   Cupelling-furnace
                   ,
                   under
                   a
                   Muffler
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   Laborant
                   ,
                   well
                   vers'd
                   in
                   weighing
                   ,
                   was
                   order'd
                   to
                   take
                   it
                   out
                   ,
                   when
                   't
                   was
                   throughly
                   and
                   highly
                   heated
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   weigh
                   it
                   whilst
                   't
                   was
                   in
                   that
                   condition
                   (
                   I
                   being
                   then
                   present
                   :
                   )
                   This
                   being
                   done
                   ,
                   't
                   was
                   forthwith
                   plac'd
                   again
                   under
                   the
                   Muffler
                   ,
                   where
                   some
                   Metalline
                   Bodies
                   were
                   Cupelling
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   there
                   for
                   about
                   two
                   Hours
                   ;
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   which
                   time
                   't
                   was
                   taken
                   out
                   red-hot
                   ,
                   and
                   presently
                   put
                   into
                   the
                   same
                   Ballance
                   ,
                   as
                   before
                   ,
                   which
                   was
                   already
                   fastned
                   to
                   a
                   Gibbet
                   ;
                   where
                   having
                   caus'd
                   the
                   adhering
                   ashes
                   to
                   be
                   blown
                   off
                   ,
                   
                   I
                   found
                   ,
                   that
                   whereas
                   ,
                   when
                   't
                   was
                   first
                   taken
                   from
                   under
                   the
                   Muffler
                   ,
                   we
                   had
                   but
                   two
                   Ounces
                   and
                   two
                   Grains
                   ,
                   now
                   the
                   same
                   weight
                   being
                   put
                   into
                   the
                   opposite
                   Scale
                   ,
                   it
                   had
                   gain'd
                   very
                   near
                   one
                   and
                   twenty
                   Grains
                   .
                   And
                   here
                   note
                   ,
                   that
                   't
                   was
                   not
                   without
                   some
                   cause
                   ,
                   that
                   I
                   was
                   careful
                   to
                   have
                   the
                   Cupel
                   weighed
                   red-hot
                   .
                   For
                   I
                   had
                   a
                   suspition
                   ,
                   that
                   ,
                   notwithstanding
                   the
                   dryness
                   of
                   the
                   Bone
                   ,
                   it
                   might
                   receive
                   some
                   little
                   alteration
                   of
                   weight
                   by
                   imbibing
                   some
                   little
                   Particles
                   wandering
                   in
                   the
                   Air
                   ;
                   which
                   suspition
                   the
                   event
                   justified
                   .
                   For
                   leaving
                   the
                   Cupel
                   counterpois'd
                   to
                   cool
                   in
                   the
                   Ballance
                   ,
                   in
                   a
                   short
                   time
                   it
                   began
                   sensibly
                   to
                   preponderate
                   ;
                   and
                   suffering
                   it
                   to
                   continue
                   there
                   nine
                   or
                   ten
                   hours
                   ,
                   till
                   we
                   had
                   occasion
                   to
                   use
                   the
                   Ballance
                   ,
                   I
                   found
                   it
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   that
                   time
                   to
                   be
                   about
                   three
                   Grains
                   heavier
                   than
                   before
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                   This
                   was
                   not
                   the
                   only
                   tryal
                   we
                   made
                   about
                   the
                   augmenting
                   the
                   weight
                   of
                   Cupels
                   ;
                   but
                   this
                   being
                   the
                   fairest
                   ,
                   and
                   exempt
                   from
                   those
                   
                   mischances
                   ,
                   from
                   which
                   the
                   other
                   were
                   not
                   altogether
                   free
                   ;
                   I
                   shall
                   content
                   my self
                   to
                   have
                   set
                   down
                   this
                   :
                   In
                   the
                   mention
                   of
                   which
                   I
                   thought
                   fit
                   to
                   take
                   notice
                   of
                   the
                   increase
                   of
                   the
                   weight
                   of
                   the
                   Cupel
                   after
                   it
                   had
                   layn
                   in
                   the
                   Scales
                   ,
                   and
                   also
                   that
                   we
                   weighed
                   it
                   at
                   first
                   whilst
                   it
                   was
                   throughly
                   hot
                   ,
                   because
                   those
                   Circumstnces
                   ,
                   as
                   not
                   being
                   suspected
                   ,
                   may
                   easily
                   be
                   left
                   unthought
                   on
                   ,
                   even
                   by
                   skilful
                   Experimenters
                   ;
                   and
                   yet
                   the
                   weighing
                   of
                   the
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   when
                   it
                   had
                   been
                   well
                   neal'd
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   not
                   weighing
                   it
                   soon
                   enough
                   after
                   't
                   is
                   taken
                   from
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   may
                   keep
                   those
                   ,
                   that
                   shall
                   reiterate
                   this
                   Experiment
                   ,
                   from
                   making
                   it
                   cautiously
                   and
                   accurately
                   enough
                   .
                   For
                   if
                   the
                   former
                   Circumstance
                   be
                   omitted
                   ,
                   that
                   which
                   the
                   Cupel
                   may
                   seem
                   to
                   have
                   lost
                   of
                   its
                   substance
                   ,
                   was
                   nothing
                   but
                   the
                   adventitious
                   moisture
                   of
                   the
                   Air
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   the
                   later
                   Circumstance
                   be
                   neglected
                   ,
                   the
                   weight
                   ,
                   it
                   may
                   seem
                   to
                   have
                   gain'd
                   from
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   was
                   indeed
                   due
                   to
                   the
                   waterish
                   Particles
                   of
                   the
                   Air.
                   I
                   could
                   
                   wish
                   also
                   ,
                   that
                   tryal
                   were
                   made
                   ,
                   whether
                   the
                   success
                   would
                   be
                   the
                   same
                   in
                   Cupels
                   made
                   in
                   differing
                   sorts
                   of
                   Bone-ashes
                   ,
                   and
                   other
                   materials
                   ,
                   wont
                   to
                   be
                   employed
                   for
                   that
                   purpose
                   .
                   For
                   That
                   I
                   had
                   not
                   opportunity
                   to
                   do
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   IX
                   .
                
                 
                   Iron
                   being
                   a
                   Metal
                   ,
                   that
                   experience
                   had
                   inform'd
                   me
                   will
                   more
                   easily
                   be
                   wrought
                   on
                   by
                   Fluids
                   that
                   have
                   Particles
                   of
                   a
                   Saline
                   nature
                   in
                   them
                   ,
                   than
                   is
                   commonly
                   believed
                   ;
                   't
                   was
                   not
                   unreasonable
                   to
                   expect
                   ,
                   that
                   Flame
                   would
                   have
                   a
                   greater
                   Operation
                   on
                   it
                   ,
                   (
                   especially
                   if
                   it
                   were
                   before-hand
                   reduc'd
                   to
                   small
                   Parts
                   )
                   than
                   on
                   any
                   of
                   the
                   Bodies
                   hitherto
                   describ'd
                   .
                   Which
                   supposition
                   will
                   be
                   confirm'd
                   by
                   the
                   short
                   ensuing
                   Note
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   Four
                   Drachms
                   of
                   filings
                   of
                   Steel
                   being
                   kept
                   two
                   Hours
                   on
                   a
                   Cupel
                   under
                   a
                   Muffler
                   ,
                   acquir'd
                   one
                   Drachm
                   six
                   Grains
                   and
                   a
                   quarter
                   increase
                   of
                   weight
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   EXPER.
                   X.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   A
                   piece
                   of
                   Silver
                   ,
                   refin'd
                   in
                   our
                   own
                   Laboratory
                   ,
                   being
                   put
                   upon
                   a
                   Cupel
                   under
                   a
                   Muffler
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   there
                   for
                   an
                   hour
                   and
                   half
                   ,
                   whilst
                   other
                   things
                   were
                   refining
                   ,
                   was
                   taken
                   out
                   and
                   weigh'd
                   again
                   ,
                   and
                   ,
                   whereas
                   before
                   it
                   weighed
                   three
                   Drachms
                   ,
                   thirty-two
                   Grains
                   and
                   a
                   quarter
                   ,
                   it
                   now
                   weighed
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Scales
                   three
                   Drachms
                   ,
                   thirty-four
                   Grains
                   and
                   a
                   half
                   ,
                   or
                   but
                   little
                   less
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                   Finding
                   this
                   Memorial
                   among
                   divers
                   others
                   about
                   the
                   Weight
                   of
                   Bodies
                   ,
                   expos'd
                   to
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   I
                   thought
                   it
                   not
                   amiss
                   to
                   annex
                   it
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   ;
                   though
                   finding
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   but
                   single
                   ,
                   I
                   would
                   not
                   have
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   rely'd
                   on
                   till
                   further
                   tryal
                   have
                   been
                   made
                   to
                   discover
                   ,
                   whether
                   it
                   was
                   more
                   than
                   a
                   casual
                   and
                   anomalous
                   Experiment
                   ;
                   and
                   if
                   the
                   Silver
                   had
                   not
                   been
                   refin'd
                   ,
                   I
                   should
                   have
                   suspected
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Copper
                   ,
                   that
                   was
                   blended
                   with
                   it
                   ,
                   as
                   't
                   is
                   usually
                   blended
                   with
                   common
                   
                   Silver
                   ,
                   might
                   have
                   occasioned
                   the
                   increased
                   of
                   weight
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     (
                     Postcript
                     .
                     )
                  
                   
                     Since
                     the
                     foregoing
                     Experiment
                     was
                     first
                     set
                     down
                     ,
                     meeting
                     with
                     an
                     opportunity
                     to
                     reiterate
                     the
                     tryal
                     once
                     more
                     ,
                     we
                     did
                     it
                     with
                     half
                     an
                     Ounce
                     of
                     filings
                     of
                     Silver
                     ,
                     well
                     refin'd
                     with
                     Lead
                     in
                     our
                     own
                     Laboratory
                     ,
                     and
                     kept
                     it
                     about
                     three
                     hours
                     upon
                     the
                     Cupel
                     ;
                     after
                     the
                     end
                     of
                     which
                     time
                     taking
                     it
                     out
                     ,
                     we
                     found
                     it
                     to
                     be
                     of
                     a
                     less
                     pleasant
                     colour
                     than
                     it
                     was
                     of
                     before
                     ,
                     and
                     melted
                     (
                     though
                     not
                     so
                     perfectly
                     )
                     into
                     a
                     Lump
                     ,
                     which
                     weigh'd
                     four
                     Drachms
                     and
                     six
                     Grains
                     ;
                     and
                     yet
                     ,
                     the
                     success
                     being
                     so
                     odd
                     ,
                     and
                     ,
                     if
                     it
                     prove
                     constant
                     ,
                     of
                     such
                     moment
                     ,
                     I
                     could
                     wish
                     the
                     tryal
                     were
                     further
                     repeated
                     in
                     differing
                     quantities
                     of
                     the
                     Metal
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XI
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   We
                   took
                   a
                   Drachm
                   of
                   filings
                   of
                   Zink
                   or
                   Spelter
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   put
                   it
                   
                   upon
                   a
                   Cupel
                   under
                   a
                   Muffler
                   ,
                   we
                   kept
                   it
                   there
                   in
                   a
                   Cupelling-fire
                   about
                   three
                   Hours
                   ,
                   (
                   having
                   occasion
                   to
                   continue
                   the
                   Cupellation
                   so
                   long
                   for
                   other
                   tryals
                   ;
                   )
                   then
                   taking
                   it
                   off
                   the
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   we
                   found
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   caked
                   into
                   a
                   brittle
                   and
                   dark-colour'd
                   Lump
                   ,
                   which
                   look'd
                   as
                   if
                   the
                   filings
                   had
                   been
                   calcin'd
                   .
                   This
                   being
                   weigh'd
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Scales
                   gain'd
                   full
                   six
                   Grains
                   ,
                   and
                   so
                   a
                   tenth
                   part
                   of
                   its
                   first
                   weight
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XII
                   .
                
                 
                   Among
                   our
                   various
                   tryals
                   upon
                   common
                   Metals
                   ,
                   we
                   thought
                   fit
                   to
                   make
                   one
                   or
                   two
                   upon
                   a
                   Metal
                   brought
                   us
                   from
                   the
                   East-Indies
                   ,
                   and
                   there
                   call'd
                   Tutenâg
                   ,
                   which
                   name
                   being
                   unknown
                   to
                   our
                   European
                   Chymists
                   ,
                   I
                   have
                   elsewhere
                   endeavoured
                   to
                   give
                   some
                   account
                   of
                   the
                   Metal
                   it self
                   ;
                   whence
                   I
                   shall
                   borrow
                   the
                   ensuing
                   Note
                   ,
                   as
                   directly
                   belonging
                   to
                   our
                   present
                   purpose
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   Two
                   Drachms
                   of
                   filings
                   of
                   Tutenâg
                   
                   being
                   put
                   upon
                   a
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   under
                   the
                   Muffler
                   for
                   about
                   two
                   hours
                   ,
                   the
                   filings
                   were
                   not
                   melted
                   into
                   a
                   Lump
                   of
                   Metal
                   ,
                   but
                   look'd
                   as
                   if
                   Ceruss
                   and
                   Minium
                   being
                   pouder'd
                   had
                   been
                   mingled
                   together
                   ;
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   parts
                   appearing
                   distinctly
                   white
                   ;
                   and
                   others
                   red
                   :
                   The
                   Calx
                   being
                   put
                   into
                   the
                   Ballance
                   appear'd
                   to
                   have
                   gained
                   twenty-eight
                   Grains
                   and
                   a
                   quarter
                   .
                   Another
                   time
                   the
                   Experiment
                   being
                   reiterated
                   with
                   the
                   like
                   Circumstances
                   ,
                   we
                   found
                   ,
                   that
                   two
                   Drachms
                   of
                   the
                   filed
                   Tutenâg
                   gained
                   the
                   like
                   increase
                   of
                   weight
                   ,
                   abating
                   less
                   than
                   one
                   Grain
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                   So
                   that
                   this
                   Indian
                   Metal
                   seems
                   to
                   have
                   gain'd
                   more
                   in
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   in
                   proportion
                   to
                   its
                   weight
                   ,
                   than
                   any
                   we
                   have
                   hitherto
                   made
                   tryal
                   of
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XIII
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   Being
                   desirous
                   to
                   confirm
                   by
                   a
                   clear
                   Experiment
                   ,
                   what
                   I
                   elsewhere
                   deliver
                   contrary
                   to
                   the
                   vulgar
                   Opinion
                   of
                   those
                   that
                   believe
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   all
                   Cupellations
                   almost
                   all
                   the
                   Lead
                   
                   that
                   is
                   employ'd
                   about
                   them
                   ,
                   does
                   ,
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   baser
                   Metals
                   that
                   are
                   to
                   be
                   purg'd
                   off
                   from
                   the
                   Silver
                   or
                   Gold
                   ,
                   fly
                   away
                   in
                   Smoak
                   ,
                   as
                   indeed
                   in
                   some
                   sort
                   of
                   Cupellations
                   a
                   good
                   proportion
                   may
                   be
                   blown
                   off
                   that
                   way
                   :
                   We
                   took
                   two
                   Ounces
                   of
                   good
                   Lead
                   and
                   one
                   Drachm
                   of
                   filings
                   of
                   Copper
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   caus'd
                   a
                   Cupel
                   to
                   be
                   ignited
                   ,
                   and
                   nimbly
                   taken
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Furnace
                   ,
                   and
                   weighed
                   ,
                   whilst
                   't
                   was
                   very
                   hot
                   ,
                   't
                   was
                   presently
                   put
                   back
                   ,
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   two
                   Metals
                   laid
                   on
                   it
                   ,
                   into
                   the
                   Cupelling-furnace
                   ,
                   where
                   having
                   been
                   kept
                   for
                   about
                   two
                   hours
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   taken
                   out
                   again
                   ,
                   and
                   't
                   was
                   found
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   what
                   (
                   as
                   I
                   elsewhere
                   *
                   note
                   )
                   uses
                   to
                   happen
                   in
                   such
                   Circumstances
                   ,
                   to
                   have
                   nothing
                   on
                   the
                   surface
                   of
                   it
                   worth
                   weighing
                   distinctly
                   in
                   the
                   Scales
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   the
                   Cupel
                   with
                   what
                   was
                   sunk
                   into
                   it
                   amounted
                   to
                   four
                   Ounces
                   three
                   Drachms
                   and
                   eleven
                   Grains
                   ,
                   which
                   wanted
                   but
                   nine
                   Grains
                   of
                   the
                   whole
                   weight
                   of
                   
                   the
                   Cupel
                   and
                   the
                   two
                   Metals
                   ,
                   when
                   they
                   were
                   all
                   three
                   together
                   committed
                   to
                   the
                   Fire
                   .
                   ]
                   So
                   that
                   ,
                   though
                   we
                   make
                   a
                   liberal
                   allowance
                   for
                   the
                   increment
                   of
                   weight
                   that
                   may
                   with
                   any
                   probability
                   be
                   supposed
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   attained
                   by
                   the
                   Cupel
                   and
                   what
                   was
                   put
                   upon
                   it
                   ,
                   yet
                   it
                   will
                   easily
                   be
                   granted
                   ,
                   that
                   very
                   much
                   the
                   greater
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Metals
                   was
                   not
                   driven
                   off
                   in
                   Fumes
                   ,
                   but
                   enter'd
                   into
                   the
                   Substance
                   of
                   the
                   Cupel
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
                 Tryals
                 of
                 the
                 Third
                 sort
                 .
              
               
                 AFter
                 having
                 shewn
                 that
                 either
                 Flame
                 or
                 the
                 Analogous
                 Effluxions
                 of
                 the
                 Fire
                 will
                 be
                 ,
                 what
                 Chymists
                 would
                 call
                 ,
                 Corporified
                 with
                 Metals
                 and
                 Minerals
                 exposed
                 naked
                 to
                 its
                 action
                 ;
                 I
                 thought
                 it
                 would
                 be
                 a
                 desirable
                 thing
                 to
                 discover
                 ,
                 whether
                 this
                 Flame
                 or
                 igneous
                 Fluid
                 were
                 subtile
                 enough
                 to
                 exercise
                 any
                 such
                 Operation
                 upon
                 the
                 Light
                 Bodies
                 shelter'd
                 from
                 its
                 immediate
                 
                 contact
                 by
                 being
                 included
                 in
                 close
                 Vessels
                 ;
                 but
                 it
                 being
                 very
                 difficult
                 to
                 expose
                 Bodies
                 in
                 Glasses
                 to
                 such
                 vehement
                 Fires
                 without
                 breaking
                 or
                 melting
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 losing
                 the
                 Experiment
                 ;
                 I
                 thought
                 fit
                 ,
                 first
                 to
                 employ
                 Crucibles
                 carefully
                 luted
                 together
                 ,
                 that
                 nothing
                 might
                 visibly
                 get
                 in
                 or
                 out
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 that
                 attempt
                 I
                 find
                 among
                 my
                 Notes
                 the
                 following
                 Account
                 .
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XIV
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   We
                   took
                   an
                   Ounce
                   of
                   Steel
                   freshly
                   filed
                   from
                   a
                   Lump
                   of
                   that
                   Metal
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   filings
                   might
                   not
                   be
                   rusty
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   included
                   them
                   betwixt
                   two
                   Crucibles
                   ,
                   as
                   formerly
                   ,
                   kept
                   them
                   for
                   two
                   hours
                   in
                   a
                   strong
                   Fire
                   ,
                   and
                   suffer'd
                   them
                   to
                   continue
                   there
                   till
                   the
                   Fire
                   went
                   out
                   ;
                   the
                   Crucibles
                   being
                   unluted
                   ,
                   the
                   filings
                   appear'd
                   hard
                   caked
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   had
                   acquir'd
                   a
                   dark
                   colour
                   somewhat
                   between
                   black
                   and
                   blew
                   ,
                   and
                   were
                   increas'd
                   five
                   Grains
                   in
                   weight
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                 
                   The
                   foregoing
                   Experiment
                   being
                   the
                   first
                   I
                   mention
                   of
                   this
                   kind
                   ,
                   't
                   will
                   not
                   be
                   amiss
                   to
                   confirm
                   it
                   by
                   annexing
                   the
                   following
                   Memorial
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   An
                   Ounce
                   of
                   filings
                   of
                   Steel
                   being
                   put
                   between
                   the
                   Crucibles
                   luted
                   together
                   ,
                   after
                   they
                   had
                   been
                   kept
                   about
                   an
                   hour
                   and
                   half
                   in
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   were
                   taken
                   out
                   ,
                   and
                   being
                   weigh'd
                   ,
                   were
                   found
                   to
                   have
                   gained
                   six
                   Grains
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XV.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   Two
                   Ounces
                   of
                   Copper-plate
                   were
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   new
                   Crucible
                   ,
                   over
                   which
                   a
                   lesser
                   was
                   whelmed
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   commissures
                   were
                   closed
                   with
                   lute
                   ,
                   that
                   nothing
                   might
                   fall
                   in
                   .
                   After
                   the
                   same
                   manner
                   two
                   Ounces
                   of
                   Tin
                   were
                   included
                   betwixt
                   Crucibles
                   ,
                   and
                   also
                   two
                   Ounces
                   of
                   Lead
                   ;
                   these
                   being
                   put
                   into
                   the
                   Cupelling-furnace
                   were
                   kept
                   in
                   a
                   strong
                   Fire
                   about
                   an
                   hour
                   and
                   a
                   half
                   ,
                   while
                   something
                   else
                   was
                   trying
                   there
                   .
                   And
                   then
                   being
                   taken
                   out
                   ,
                   the
                   event
                   was
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Copper-plates
                   ,
                   though
                   they
                   
                   stuck
                   together
                   ,
                   were
                   not
                   quite
                   melted
                   ,
                   and
                   seem'd
                   some
                   of
                   them
                   to
                   have
                   acquir'd
                   scales
                   like
                   Copper
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   naked
                   Fire
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   two
                   Ounces
                   had
                   gain'd
                   eight
                   Grains
                   in
                   weight
                   .
                   The
                   Lead
                   had
                   broke
                   through
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   Crucible
                   ,
                   and
                   thereby
                   hinder'd
                   the
                   design'd
                   Observation
                   .
                   The
                   Tin
                   acquir'd
                   six
                   Grains
                   in
                   weight
                   ,
                   and
                   was
                   in
                   part
                   brought
                   to
                   a
                   pure
                   white
                   Calx
                   ,
                   but
                   much
                   more
                   of
                   it
                   was
                   melted
                   into
                   a
                   Lump
                   of
                   a
                   fine
                   yellow
                   colour
                   ,
                   almost
                   like
                   Gold
                   ,
                   but
                   deeper
                   .
                   ]
                   The
                   prosecution
                   of
                   this
                   tryal
                   as
                   to
                   the
                   Copper-plates
                   you
                   will
                   meet
                   with
                   in
                   Experim
                   .
                   XXI
                   .
                   to
                   which
                   I
                   therefore
                   referr
                   you
                   .
                
                 
                   
                     N.
                     B.
                  
                   Because
                   Lead
                   in
                   Cupellation
                   enters
                   the
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   we
                   were
                   willing
                   to
                   try
                   ,
                   if
                   we
                   could
                   so
                   far
                   hinder
                   it
                   from
                   doing
                   so
                   ,
                   as
                   to
                   make
                   some
                   estimate
                   what
                   change
                   of
                   Weight
                   the
                   Operation
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   would
                   make
                   in
                   it
                   :
                   And
                   therefore
                   being
                   able
                   already
                   to
                   make
                   a
                   near
                   guess
                   ,
                   how
                   much
                   a
                   quantity
                   of
                   Tin
                   may
                   gain
                   by
                   being
                   calcined
                   on
                   a
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   and
                   
                   remembring
                   also
                   from
                   some
                   of
                   my
                   former
                   tryals
                   the
                   indisposition
                   which
                   Tin
                   gives
                   Lead
                   to
                   Cupellation
                   ,
                   we
                   mixed
                   a
                   Drachm
                   of
                   Tin
                   with
                   two
                   Ounces
                   of
                   Lead
                   ,
                   and
                   exposing
                   the
                   mixture
                   (
                   in
                   a
                   Cupel
                   )
                   to
                   the
                   Fire
                   under
                   a
                   Muffler
                   ,
                   we
                   first
                   brought
                   it
                   to
                   fusion
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   it
                   seem'd
                   at
                   the
                   top
                   dry
                   and
                   swell'd
                   and
                   discolour'd
                   ;
                   notwithstanding
                   which
                   ,
                   having
                   continued
                   the
                   Operation
                   a
                   good
                   while
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   other
                   things
                   that
                   were
                   to
                   be
                   done
                   with
                   the
                   same
                   Fire
                   ,
                   we
                   were
                   not
                   lucky
                   enough
                   to
                   bring
                   the
                   Experiment
                   to
                   an
                   issue
                   worth
                   the
                   relating
                   here
                   ,
                   in
                   reference
                   to
                   the
                   scope
                   above-propos'd
                   ,
                   though
                   in
                   relation
                   to
                   another
                   the
                   success
                   was
                   welcome
                   enough
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XVI
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   Supposing
                   that
                   if
                   Copper
                   were
                   beaten
                   into
                   thinner
                   plates
                   than
                   those
                   we
                   lately
                   us'd
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   longer
                   in
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   this
                   would
                   have
                   a
                   more
                   considerable
                   Operation
                   upon
                   them
                   ,
                   we
                   
                   took
                   one
                   Ounce
                   of
                   very
                   thinly
                   hammer'd
                   pieces
                   of
                   Copper
                   ,
                   and
                   putting
                   them
                   betwixt
                   two
                   Crucibles
                   (
                   one
                   whelm'd
                   over
                   another
                   )
                   as
                   in
                   Experim
                   .
                   XV.
                   with
                   some
                   lute
                   at
                   the
                   corners
                   of
                   the
                   juncture
                   ,
                   to
                   keep
                   the
                   fire
                   from
                   coming
                   immediately
                   at
                   the
                   Metal
                   ,
                   we
                   kept
                   them
                   in
                   the
                   Cupelling-furnace
                   about
                   three
                   hours
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   disjoyning
                   the
                   Vessels
                   ,
                   we
                   found
                   the
                   Metal
                   covered
                   with
                   a
                   dark
                   and
                   brittle
                   substance
                   ,
                   like
                   that
                   describ'd
                   in
                   the
                   above
                   recited
                   Experiment
                   .
                   Which
                   substance
                   ,
                   when
                   scal'd
                   off
                   ,
                   disclos'd
                   a
                   finely
                   colour'd
                   Metal
                   ,
                   which
                   ,
                   together
                   with
                   these
                   burnt
                   scales
                   ,
                   amounted
                   to
                   one
                   and
                   twenty
                   Grains
                   above
                   the
                   weight
                   that
                   was
                   first
                   put
                   in
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                   If
                   ,
                   when
                   these
                   things
                   were
                   doing
                   ,
                   I
                   had
                   been
                   furnished
                   with
                   a
                   very
                   good
                   Lute
                   ,
                   which
                   is
                   no
                   such
                   easie
                   thing
                   to
                   procure
                   ,
                   as
                   Chymists
                   ,
                   that
                   have
                   not
                   frequently
                   employed
                   vulgar
                   Lutes
                   ,
                   are
                   wont
                   to
                   think
                   ;
                   I
                   would
                   have
                   made
                   a
                   tryal
                   of
                   the
                   ensuing
                   Experiment
                   for
                   a
                   good
                   while
                   in
                   the
                   naked
                   Fire
                   ,
                   notwithstanding
                   that
                   
                   divers
                   Metalline
                   Minerals
                   will
                   scarce
                   be
                   brought
                   to
                   fusion
                   in
                   Glasses
                   ,
                   especially
                   without
                   such
                   a
                   Fire
                   ,
                   whose
                   violence
                   makes
                   them
                   break
                   the
                   Vessels
                   .
                   For
                   I
                   thought
                   ,
                   that
                   by
                   making
                   a
                   fit
                   choice
                   of
                   the
                   Metals
                   to
                   be
                   employed
                   ,
                   I
                   could
                   prevent
                   that
                   inconvenience
                   :
                   But
                   wanting
                   the
                   Accommodations
                   I
                   desir'd
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   presuming
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   a
                   Sand-furnace
                   I
                   might
                   by
                   degrees
                   administer
                   heat
                   enough
                   to
                   melt
                   so
                   fusible
                   a
                   Metal
                   as
                   fine
                   Tin
                   ,
                   and
                   keep
                   it
                   in
                   fusion
                   ;
                   I
                   resolved
                   to
                   make
                   some
                   tryals
                   ,
                   first
                   upon
                   that
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   upon
                   another
                   Metal
                   .
                   For
                   though
                   I
                   was
                   not
                   sure
                   of
                   being
                   then
                   able
                   to
                   prosecute
                   the
                   Experiment
                   far
                   enough
                   ;
                   yet
                   I
                   hoped
                   ,
                   I
                   might
                   at
                   least
                   see
                   some
                   Effects
                   of
                   my
                   first
                   tryal
                   ,
                   which
                   would
                   enable
                   me
                   to
                   guess
                   ,
                   what
                   I
                   was
                   to
                   expect
                   from
                   a
                   complete
                   one
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XVII
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   We
                   took
                   then
                   a
                   piece
                   of
                   fine
                   Block-Tin
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   a
                   pair
                   of
                   good
                   Scales
                   weighed
                   out
                   carefully
                   half
                   a
                   
                   Pound
                   of
                   it
                   ;
                   this
                   we
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   choice
                   Glass-retort
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   it
                   for
                   two
                   days
                   or
                   thereabouts
                   in
                   a
                   Sand-furnace
                   ,
                   which
                   gave
                   heat
                   enough
                   to
                   keep
                   the
                   Metal
                   in
                   fusion
                   without
                   cracking
                   the
                   Glass
                   .
                   Then
                   taking
                   out
                   the
                   mixture
                   ,
                   we
                   carefully
                   weigh'd
                   it
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Scales
                   ,
                   and
                   found
                   the
                   superficies
                   a
                   little
                   alter'd
                   (
                   as
                   if
                   it
                   were
                   dispos'd
                   to
                   calcination
                   )
                   and
                   the
                   weight
                   to
                   be
                   increased
                   about
                   two
                   Grains
                   or
                   somewhat
                   better
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XVIII
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   The
                   other
                   Experiment
                   ,
                   I
                   tryed
                   in
                   Glasses
                   ,
                   was
                   with
                   Mercury
                   ,
                   hoping
                   ,
                   that
                   ,
                   if
                   I
                   could
                   make
                   a
                   Precipitate
                   
                     per
                     se
                  
                   in
                   a
                   Hermetically
                   seal'd
                   Glass
                   ,
                   I
                   should
                   by
                   comparing
                   the
                   weight
                   of
                   the
                   Precipitate
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Quick-silver
                   that
                   afforded
                   it
                   ,
                   have
                   a
                   clear
                   Experiment
                   to
                   my
                   purpose
                   ;
                   and
                   I
                   should
                   have
                   no
                   bad
                   one
                   ,
                   if
                   I
                   could
                   but
                   make
                   it
                   succeed
                   with
                   a
                   Glass
                   ,
                   though
                   not
                   seal'd
                   ,
                   yet
                   well
                   stop'd
                   ;
                   instead
                   of
                   those
                   Infernal-glasses
                   (
                   as
                   
                   they
                   call
                   them
                   )
                   which
                   are
                   commonly
                   us'd
                   and
                   wont
                   to
                   be
                   left
                   open
                   (
                   though
                   some
                   slightly
                   stop
                   them
                   with
                   a
                   little
                   Paper
                   or
                   Cotton
                   :
                   )
                   But
                   though
                   ,
                   partly
                   that
                   I
                   might
                   a
                   little
                   diversifie
                   the
                   Experiment
                   ,
                   and
                   make
                   it
                   the
                   more
                   likely
                   to
                   succeed
                   in
                   one
                   or
                   other
                   of
                   the
                   Glasses
                   ,
                   I
                   divided
                   the
                   Mercury
                   and
                   distributed
                   it
                   amongst
                   several
                   of
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   but
                   a
                   little
                   to
                   each
                   ,
                   the
                   success
                   did
                   not
                   answer
                   expectation
                   ,
                   the
                   Hermetically
                   seal'd
                   Glasses
                   being
                   unluckily
                   broken
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   Precipitation
                   in
                   the
                   others
                   proceeding
                   so
                   slowly
                   ,
                   that
                   I
                   was
                   by
                   a
                   remove
                   oblig'd
                   to
                   leave
                   the
                   tryal
                   imperfect
                   ;
                   only
                   I
                   was
                   encouraged
                   ,
                   (
                   in
                   case
                   of
                   a
                   future
                   opportunity
                   )
                   to
                   renew
                   it
                   another
                   time
                   ,
                   by
                   finding
                   that
                   most
                   of
                   the
                   Glasses
                   ,
                   though
                   tall
                   ,
                   and
                   stop'd
                   with
                   fit
                   Corks
                   ,
                   afforded
                   some
                   very
                   fair
                   Precipitate
                   ,
                   but
                   not
                   enough
                   to
                   answer
                   my
                   Design
                   .
                   ]
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 Tryals
                 of
                 the
                 Fourth
                 sort
                 .
              
               
                 MOst
                 of
                 the
                 Experiments
                 hitherto
                 recited
                 ,
                 having
                 been
                 made
                 as
                 it
                 were
                 upon
                 the
                 by
                 with
                 others
                 ,
                 whose
                 exigencies
                 't
                 was
                 fit
                 these
                 should
                 comply
                 with
                 ;
                 very
                 few
                 of
                 the
                 expos'd
                 Bodies
                 were
                 kept
                 in
                 the
                 Cupelling-fire
                 above
                 two
                 hours
                 or
                 thereabouts
                 .
                 Upon
                 which
                 account
                 I
                 thought
                 fit
                 to
                 try
                 ,
                 how
                 much
                 some
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 that
                 had
                 been
                 already
                 expos'd
                 to
                 the
                 Fire
                 ,
                 would
                 gain
                 in
                 weight
                 by
                 being
                 again
                 expos'd
                 to
                 it
                 ;
                 especially
                 considering
                 ,
                 that
                 most
                 calcinable
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 I
                 affirm
                 it
                 not
                 of
                 all
                 )
                 which
                 yield
                 rather
                 calces
                 than
                 ashes
                 by
                 being
                 without
                 additament
                 reduc'd
                 in
                 the
                 Fire
                 to
                 fine
                 powder
                 ,
                 seem'd
                 to
                 be
                 by
                 that
                 Operation
                 open'd
                 ,
                 or
                 (
                 as
                 a
                 Chymist
                 would
                 speak
                 )
                 unlock'd
                 ,
                 and
                 therefore
                 probably
                 capable
                 of
                 being
                 further
                 wrought
                 upon
                 and
                 increas'd
                 in
                 weight
                 by
                 such
                 a
                 Menstruum
                 as
                 I
                 suppos'd
                 Flame
                 and
                 igneous
                 Exhalations
                 
                 to
                 be
                 .
                 And
                 about
                 this
                 Conjecture
                 I
                 shall
                 subjoyn
                 the
                 ensuing
                 Tryals
                 .
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XIX
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   One
                   Ounce
                   of
                   Calx
                   of
                   Tin
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   made
                   
                     per
                     se
                  
                   for
                   an
                   Experiment
                   in
                   our
                   own
                   Laboratory
                   ,
                   being
                   put
                   in
                   a
                   new
                   Cupel
                   and
                   kept
                   under
                   the
                   Muffler
                   for
                   about
                   two
                   hours
                   ,
                   was
                   taken
                   out
                   hot
                   and
                   put
                   into
                   the
                   Scales
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   powder
                   appear'd
                   to
                   have
                   gain'd
                   in
                   weight
                   one
                   Drachm
                   and
                   thirty-five
                   Grains
                   by
                   the
                   operation
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   which
                   made
                   it
                   also
                   look
                   much
                   whiter
                   than
                   it
                   did
                   before
                   ,
                   as
                   appeared
                   by
                   comparing
                   it
                   with
                   some
                   of
                   the
                   Calx
                   that
                   had
                   not
                   been
                   exposed
                   to
                   the
                   second
                   Fire
                   :
                   No
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Puttie
                   was
                   ,
                   as
                   we
                   could
                   perceive
                   ,
                   melted
                   by
                   the
                   vehemence
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   much
                   less
                   reduc'd
                   into
                   Metal
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XX.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   Out
                   of
                   a
                   parcel
                   of
                   filings
                   of
                   Steel
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   before
                   expos'd
                   to
                   the
                   fire
                   and
                   had
                   its
                   weight
                   thereby
                   increas'd
                   some
                   Grains
                   ,
                   not
                   Scruples
                   ;
                   we
                   took
                   an
                   Ounce
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   expos'd
                   it
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   with
                   the
                   Calx
                   of
                   Tin
                   ,
                   and
                   ,
                   for
                   the
                   same
                   time
                   ,
                   kept
                   it
                   in
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   we
                   took
                   it
                   out
                   at
                   the
                   two
                   hours
                   end
                   ;
                   and
                   found
                   the
                   weight
                   to
                   be
                   increas'd
                   two
                   Drachms
                   and
                   two
                   and
                   twenty
                   Grains
                   .
                   The
                   filings
                   were
                   very
                   hard
                   bak'd
                   together
                   ,
                   and
                   ,
                   the
                   Lump
                   being
                   broken
                   ,
                   looked
                   almost
                   like
                   Iron
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   XXI
                   .
                
                 
                   The
                   following
                   Experiment
                   ,
                   though
                   it
                   may
                   seem
                   in
                   one
                   regard
                   but
                   a
                   Continuation
                   of
                   the
                   XV
                   th
                   ;
                   yet
                   it
                   has
                   in
                   this
                   something
                   peculiar
                   from
                   all
                   the
                   foregoing
                   ,
                   that
                   not
                   only
                   it
                   affords
                   an
                   instance
                   of
                   the
                   increase
                   of
                   Weight
                   obtain'd
                   by
                   a
                   Metal
                   at
                   the
                   second
                   
                   time
                   of
                   its
                   being
                   expos'd
                   to
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   but
                   shews
                   also
                   ,
                   that
                   such
                   an
                   increment
                   may
                   be
                   had
                   ,
                   though
                   this
                   second
                   ignition
                   be
                   made
                   in
                   close
                   Vessels
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                   [
                   Some
                   of
                   the
                   Copper
                   mention'd
                   in
                   Experim
                   .
                   XV.
                   being
                   accidentally
                   lost
                   ,
                   one
                   Ounce
                   and
                   four
                   Drachms
                   of
                   what
                   remain'd
                   was
                   included
                   betwixt
                   two
                   Crucibles
                   and
                   expos'd
                   to
                   a
                   strong
                   fire
                   for
                   two
                   hours
                   ,
                   and
                   suffer'd
                   to
                   continue
                   there
                   till
                   the
                   fire
                   went
                   out
                   :
                   When
                   it
                   was
                   taken
                   out
                   ,
                   it
                   appear'd
                   to
                   have
                   gain'd
                   ten
                   Grains
                   in
                   weight
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   have
                   upon
                   the
                   superficial
                   parts
                   of
                   the
                   Plates
                   (
                   as
                   we
                   observ'd
                   )
                   divers
                   dark
                   colour'd
                   flakes
                   ,
                   some
                   of
                   which
                   stuck
                   to
                   the
                   Metal
                   ,
                   but
                   more
                   ,
                   upon
                   handling
                   it
                   ,
                   fell
                   off
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                   And
                   here
                   I
                   shall
                   conclude
                   One
                   of
                   the
                   Two
                   Parts
                   of
                   our
                   designed
                   Treatise
                   :
                   For
                   ,
                   though
                   I
                   remember
                   ,
                   that
                   these
                   were
                   not
                   all
                   the
                   Tryals
                   that
                   were
                   made
                   and
                   set
                   down
                   upon
                   the
                   Subject
                   hitherto
                   treated
                   of
                   ;
                   yet
                   these
                   are
                   the
                   chief
                   ,
                   that
                   having
                   escaped
                   the
                   mischances
                   ,
                   which
                   befel
                   some
                   
                   others
                   ,
                   I
                   can
                   meet
                   with
                   among
                   my
                   promiscuous
                   Memorials
                   ;
                   whose
                   number
                   ,
                   when
                   I
                   drew
                   them
                   together
                   ,
                   I
                   could
                   scarce
                   increase
                   ,
                   having
                   by
                   all
                   these
                   and
                   other
                   Tryals
                   of
                   differing
                   kinds
                   wasted
                   my
                   Cupels
                   and
                   commodious
                   Glasses
                   ,
                   where
                   I
                   could
                   not
                   well
                   repair
                   my
                   loss
                   .
                   Whether
                   I
                   should
                   have
                   been
                   able
                   by
                   Reduction
                   ,
                   specifick
                   Gravity
                   ,
                   or
                   any
                   other
                   of
                   the
                   ways
                   ,
                   which
                   I
                   had
                   in
                   my
                   thoughts
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   any
                   discovery
                   of
                   the
                   Nature
                   of
                   the
                   Substance
                   that
                   made
                   the
                   Increment
                   of
                   Weight
                   in
                   our
                   Ignited
                   Bodies
                   ;
                   the
                   want
                   as
                   well
                   of
                   leisure
                   ,
                   as
                   of
                   accommodations
                   requisite
                   to
                   go
                   through
                   with
                   so
                   difficult
                   a
                   task
                   ,
                   keeps
                   me
                   from
                   pretending
                   to
                   know
                   .
                   But
                   these
                   three
                   things
                   ,
                   I
                   hope
                   ,
                   I
                   may
                   have
                   gained
                   by
                   what
                   has
                   been
                   deliver'd
                   .
                   The
                   First
                   ,
                   That
                   we
                   shall
                   henceforth
                   see
                   cause
                   to
                   proceed
                   more
                   warily
                   in
                   the
                   Experiments
                   we
                   make
                   with
                   Metals
                   in
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   especially
                   by
                   Cupellation
                   .
                   The
                   next
                   ,
                   That
                   it
                   will
                   justifie
                   and
                   perhaps
                   procure
                   an
                   easier
                   assent
                   to
                   some
                   passages
                   in
                   my
                   
                   other
                   Writings
                   ,
                   that
                   have
                   Relation
                   to
                   the
                   Substance
                   ,
                   what-ever
                   it
                   be
                   ,
                   that
                   we
                   are
                   speaking
                   of
                   .
                   And
                   the
                   third
                   ,
                   (
                   which
                   is
                   the
                   principal
                   ,
                   )
                   That
                   it
                   will
                   probably
                   excite
                   you
                   ,
                   and
                   your
                   inquisitive
                   Friends
                   ,
                   to
                   exercise
                   their
                   sagacious
                   Curiosity
                   ,
                   in
                   discovering
                   what
                   kind
                   of
                   Substance
                   that
                   is
                   ,
                   which
                   ,
                   though
                   hitherto
                   overseen
                   by
                   Philosophers
                   themselves
                   ,
                   and
                   ,
                   being
                   a
                   Fluid
                   ,
                   far
                   more
                   subtile
                   than
                   visible
                   Liquors
                   ,
                   and
                   able
                   to
                   pierce
                   into
                   the
                   Compact
                   and
                   Solid
                   Bodies
                   of
                   Metals
                   ,
                   can
                   yet
                   add
                   something
                   to
                   them
                   ,
                   that
                   has
                   no
                   despicable
                   Weight
                   upon
                   the
                   Ballance
                   ,
                   and
                   is
                   able
                   for
                   a
                   considerable
                   time
                   to
                   continue
                   fixt
                   in
                   the
                   Fire
                   .
                
              
            
             
               
               
                 Additional
                 Experiments
                 ,
                 ABOUT
                 ARRESTING
                 and
                 WEIGHING
                 OF
                 Igneous
                 Corpuscles
                 .
              
               
                 EXperiments
                 to
                 discover
                 the
                 Increase
                 in
                 Weight
                 of
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 though
                 inclos'd
                 in
                 Glasses
                 ,
                 being
                 those
                 that
                 I
                 considered
                 as
                 likeliest
                 to
                 answer
                 what
                 I
                 design'd
                 in
                 the
                 hitherto
                 prosecuted
                 Attempt
                 ,
                 and
                 finding
                 the
                 seventeenth
                 Experiment
                 as
                 well
                 as
                 the
                 next
                 (
                 try'd
                 upon
                 Mercury
                 )
                 to
                 be
                 very
                 slow
                 ,
                 and
                 its
                 performance
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 very
                 great
                 ,
                 I
                 began
                 to
                 call
                 to
                 mind
                 ,
                 what
                 ,
                 many
                 years
                 ago
                 ,
                 Experience
                 had
                 shewn
                 me
                 possible
                 to
                 be
                 perform'd
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 the
                 managing
                 Glass-vessels
                 ,
                 even
                 without
                 coating
                 them
                 ,
                 in
                 a
                 naked
                 Fire
                 ,
                 
                 provided
                 a
                 wary
                 person
                 were
                 constantly
                 employ'd
                 to
                 watch
                 them
                 .
                 And
                 supposing
                 hereupon
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 in
                 no
                 longer
                 time
                 than
                 a
                 Laborant
                 might
                 ,
                 without
                 being
                 tir'd
                 ,
                 hold
                 out
                 to
                 attend
                 a
                 Glass
                 ,
                 a
                 Metal
                 expos'd
                 in
                 it
                 to
                 a
                 naked
                 fire
                 might
                 afford
                 us
                 a
                 much
                 more
                 prosperous
                 tryal
                 than
                 that
                 lately
                 referr'd
                 to
                 ,
                 I
                 afterwards
                 resolv'd
                 ,
                 when
                 I
                 should
                 be
                 able
                 to
                 procure
                 some
                 Glasses
                 conveniently
                 shap'd
                 ,
                 to
                 prosecute
                 my
                 Design
                 ;
                 in
                 pursuance
                 of
                 which
                 though
                 I
                 had
                 not
                 any
                 Furnaces
                 fitted
                 for
                 my
                 purpose
                 ,
                 I
                 directed
                 a
                 Laborant
                 to
                 make
                 the
                 following
                 Tryals
                 .
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   I.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   We
                   took
                   eight
                   Ounces
                   
                     (
                     Troy
                  
                   weight
                   )
                   of
                   Block-Tin
                   ,
                   which
                   being
                   cut
                   into
                   bits
                   was
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   good
                   round
                   Vial
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   neck
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   warily
                   held
                   over
                   quick
                   Coals
                   without
                   touching
                   them
                   till
                   it
                   was
                   melted
                   ;
                   after
                   which
                   it
                   was
                   kept
                   almost
                   continually
                   shaken
                   ,
                   to
                   promote
                   the
                   Calcination
                   ,
                   near
                   an
                   hour
                   ,
                   the
                   
                   Metal
                   being
                   all
                   the
                   while
                   in
                   fusion
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Glass
                   kept
                   at
                   some
                   distance
                   from
                   the
                   throughly
                   kindled
                   Coals
                   .
                   The
                   most
                   part
                   of
                   this
                   time
                   the
                   orifice
                   of
                   the
                   Vial
                   was
                   cover'd
                   with
                   a
                   Cap
                   of
                   Paper
                   (
                   which
                   sometimes
                   fell
                   off
                   by
                   moving
                   the
                   Glass
                   )
                   to
                   keep
                   the
                   Air
                   and
                   Steams
                   of
                   the
                   Coals
                   from
                   getting
                   into
                   the
                   neck
                   .
                   And
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   this
                   time
                   ,
                   he
                   that
                   held
                   the
                   Glass
                   being
                   tir'd
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   his
                   Hand
                   almost
                   scorch'd
                   ,
                   the
                   Vial
                   being
                   remov'd
                   from
                   the
                   fire
                   was
                   broken
                   ,
                   that
                   we
                   might
                   take
                   out
                   the
                   Metalline
                   Lump
                   ,
                   which
                   had
                   a
                   little
                   darkish
                   Calx
                   here
                   and
                   there
                   upon
                   the
                   upper
                   surface
                   ,
                   but
                   much
                   more
                   beneath
                   ,
                   where
                   it
                   had
                   been
                   contiguous
                   to
                   the
                   bottom
                   of
                   the
                   Glass
                   ;
                   then
                   putting
                   all
                   this
                   carefully
                   freed
                   from
                   little
                   fragments
                   of
                   broken
                   Glass
                   into
                   the
                   same
                   Ballance
                   with
                   the
                   self-same
                   counterpoise
                   I
                   had
                   us'd
                   before
                   ,
                   I
                   found
                   ,
                   according
                   to
                   my
                   Expectation
                   ,
                   an
                   increase
                   of
                   weight
                   ,
                   which
                   amounted
                   to
                   eighteen
                   Grains
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   Tin
                   had
                   acquir'd
                   by
                   this
                   Operation
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   EXPER.
                   II.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   This
                   done
                   we
                   separated
                   the
                   Calx
                   for
                   fear
                   of
                   losing
                   it
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   melted
                   the
                   Metal
                   in
                   a
                   Crucible
                   ,
                   that
                   by
                   pouring
                   it
                   out
                   it
                   might
                   be
                   reduc'd
                   to
                   thin
                   Plates
                   capable
                   of
                   being
                   cut
                   in
                   pieces
                   ,
                   and
                   put
                   into
                   such
                   another
                   Vial
                   as
                   the
                   last
                   ;
                   we
                   weigh'd
                   it
                   again
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   ●●tely
                   reserv'd
                   Calx
                   ,
                   but
                   found
                   ,
                   that
                   ,
                   notwithstanding
                   all
                   our
                   oare
                   ,
                   we
                   had
                   lost
                   three
                   Grains
                   of
                   the
                   eighteen
                   we
                   had
                   gain'd
                   .
                   This
                   done
                   we
                   put
                   the
                   Metal
                   into
                   another
                   Vial.
                   But
                   in
                   regard
                   the
                   neck
                   was
                   shorter
                   than
                   that
                   of
                   the
                   former
                   ,
                   and
                   could
                   not
                   like
                   it
                   be
                   long
                   held
                   in
                   ones
                   Hand
                   ;
                   and
                   because
                   also
                   I
                   was
                   willing
                   to
                   see
                   what
                   Interest
                   the
                   shaking
                   of
                   melted
                   Tin
                   has
                   in
                   the
                   quickness
                   of
                   the
                   Calcination
                   ,
                   the
                   Glass
                   ,
                   which
                   had
                   a
                   stopple
                   of
                   Paper
                   put
                   to
                   it
                   to
                   keep
                   out
                   Smoak
                   and
                   Air
                   ,
                   was
                   held
                   at
                   some
                   distance
                   from
                   the
                   Coals
                   ,
                   only
                   whilst
                   the
                   Tin
                   was
                   melting
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   was
                   warily
                   laid
                   
                   upon
                   them
                   and
                   kept
                   there
                   for
                   two
                   hours
                   ,
                   at
                   the
                   end
                   of
                   which
                   't
                   was
                   again
                   taken
                   off
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   Metal
                   weigh'd
                   with
                   the
                   same
                   Counterpoise
                   and
                   Ballance
                   as
                   formerly
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   it
                   appear'd
                   to
                   amount
                   to
                   eight
                   Ounces
                   twenty-four
                   Grains
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   have
                   much
                   more
                   separable
                   Calx
                   than
                   at
                   the
                   first
                   time
                   .
                   Nor
                   did
                   I
                   much
                   wonder
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   weight
                   should
                   be
                   increas'd
                   in
                   this
                   last
                   Operation
                   but
                   nine
                   Grains
                   in
                   two
                   hours
                   ,
                   and
                   in
                   the
                   former
                   twice
                   so
                   many
                   in
                   half
                   the
                   time
                   ;
                   since
                   ,
                   during
                   the
                   two
                   hours
                   ,
                   the
                   Glass
                   was
                   kept
                   in
                   one
                   posture
                   ,
                   whereas
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   Operation
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   almost
                   perpetually
                   shaken
                   all
                   the
                   while
                   't
                   was
                   kept
                   in
                   fusion
                   .
                   And
                   't
                   is
                   observ'd
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   agitation
                   of
                   melted
                   Minerals
                   will
                   much
                   promote
                   the
                   Effect
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   upon
                   them
                   ,
                   and
                   conduce
                   to
                   their
                   Calcination
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   III.
                   
                
                 
                   Though
                   these
                   Tryals
                   might
                   well
                   satisfie
                   a
                   person
                   not
                   very
                   scrupulous
                   ,
                   
                   yet
                   to
                   convince
                   even
                   those
                   that
                   are
                   so
                   ,
                   I
                   undertook
                   ,
                   in
                   spite
                   of
                   the
                   difficulties
                   of
                   the
                   Attempt
                   ,
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   Experiment
                   in
                   Glasses
                   Hermetically
                   seal'd
                   ,
                   to
                   prevent
                   all
                   suspition
                   of
                   any
                   accession
                   of
                   Weight
                   accruing
                   to
                   the
                   Metal
                   from
                   any
                   Smoak
                   or
                   Saline
                   Particles
                   getting
                   in
                   at
                   the
                   mouth
                   of
                   the
                   Vessel
                   .
                   And
                   in
                   prosecution
                   of
                   this
                   design
                   I
                   thought
                   upon
                   a
                   way
                   of
                   so
                   Hermetically
                   sealing
                   a
                   Retort
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   might
                   be
                   expos'd
                   to
                   a
                   naked
                   fire
                   without
                   being
                   either
                   crackt
                   or
                   burst
                   ;
                   an
                   Account
                   of
                   which
                   Tryal
                   was
                   thus
                   set
                   down
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   Eight
                   Ounces
                   of
                   good
                   Tin
                   carefully
                   weigh'd
                   out
                   was
                   Hermetically
                   seal'd
                   up
                   in
                   a
                   new
                   small
                   Retort
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   neck
                   ,
                   by
                   which
                   't
                   was
                   held
                   in
                   ones
                   Hand
                   ,
                   and
                   warily
                   approach'd
                   to
                   a
                   kindled
                   Charcoal-fire
                   ,
                   near
                   which
                   the
                   Metal
                   was
                   kept
                   in
                   fusion
                   ,
                   being
                   also
                   ever
                   now
                   and
                   then
                   shaken
                   for
                   almost
                   half
                   an
                   hour
                   ,
                   in
                   which
                   time
                   it
                   seem'd
                   to
                   have
                   acquir'd
                   on
                   the
                   surface
                   such
                   a
                   dark
                   colour
                   as
                   argued
                   a
                   beginning
                   of
                   Calcination
                   ,
                   and
                   it
                   
                   both
                   emitted
                   Fumes
                   that
                   play'd
                   up
                   and
                   down
                   ,
                   and
                   also
                   afforded
                   two
                   or
                   three
                   drops
                   of
                   Liquor
                   in
                   the
                   neck
                   of
                   the
                   Retort
                   .
                   The
                   Laborant
                   being
                   not
                   able
                   to
                   hold
                   the
                   Glass
                   any
                   longer
                   ,
                   't
                   was
                   laid
                   on
                   quick
                   Coals
                   ,
                   where
                   the
                   Metal
                   continued
                   above
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   an
                   hour
                   longer
                   in
                   fusion
                   ;
                   but
                   before
                   the
                   time
                   was
                   come
                   that
                   I
                   intended
                   to
                   suffer
                   it
                   to
                   cool
                   in
                   order
                   to
                   the
                   removing
                   it
                   ,
                   it
                   suddenly
                   broke
                   in
                   a
                   great
                   multitude
                   of
                   pieces
                   ,
                   and
                   with
                   a
                   noise
                   like
                   the
                   Report
                   of
                   a
                   Gun
                   ;
                   but
                   (
                   thanks
                   be
                   to
                   God
                   )
                   it
                   did
                   no
                   harm
                   neither
                   to
                   me
                   nor
                   others
                   that
                   were
                   very
                   near
                   it
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   neck
                   we
                   found
                   some
                   drops
                   of
                   a
                   yellowish
                   Liquor
                   ,
                   which
                   a
                   Virtuoso
                   that
                   tasted
                   it
                   affirm'd
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   an
                   odious
                   but
                   peculiar
                   Sapor
                   ;
                   and
                   as
                   for
                   the
                   Smell
                   ,
                   I
                   found
                   it
                   to
                   be
                   very
                   stinking
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   unlike
                   that
                   of
                   the
                   distill'd
                   Oyl
                   of
                   Fish
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                   But
                   ,
                   though
                   our
                   first
                   Attempt
                   of
                   this
                   kind
                   had
                   thus
                   miscarried
                   ,
                   we
                   were
                   not
                   thereby
                   discourag'd
                   ,
                   but
                   in
                   prosecution
                   of
                   the
                   same
                   design
                   made
                   the
                   ensuing
                   Tryal
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   EXPER.
                   IV.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   The
                   Tin
                   which
                   had
                   been
                   before
                   (
                   in
                   the
                   first
                   or
                   some
                   such
                   Experiment
                   )
                   partly
                   calcin'd
                   in
                   a
                   Glass
                   ,
                   being
                   melted
                   again
                   in
                   a
                   Crucible
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   might
                   be
                   reduc'd
                   to
                   pieces
                   small
                   enough
                   to
                   be
                   put
                   into
                   another
                   Glass
                   ,
                   was
                   put
                   again
                   into
                   the
                   Scales
                   ,
                   and
                   the
                   surplusage
                   being
                   laid
                   aside
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   might
                   remain
                   just
                   eight
                   Ounces
                   ;
                   these
                   were
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   Bolt-head
                   of
                   white
                   Glass
                   with
                   a
                   neck
                   of
                   about
                   twenty
                   Inches
                   long
                   ,
                   which
                   being
                   Hermetically
                   seal'd
                   (
                   after
                   the
                   Glass
                   had
                   been
                   a
                   while
                   kept
                   over
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   lest
                   that
                   should
                   break
                   by
                   the
                   rarefaction
                   of
                   the
                   Air
                   ,
                   )
                   the
                   Metal
                   was
                   kept
                   in
                   fusion
                   for
                   an
                   hour
                   and
                   a
                   quarter
                   ,
                   as
                   (
                   being
                   hinder'd
                   by
                   a
                   Company
                   of
                   strangers
                   from
                   being
                   there
                   my self
                   )
                   the
                   Laborant
                   affirm'd
                   .
                   Being
                   unwilling
                   to
                   venture
                   the
                   Glass
                   any
                   longer
                   ,
                   it
                   was
                   taken
                   from
                   the
                   fire
                   ,
                   and
                   when
                   't
                   was
                   grown
                   cold
                   ,
                   the
                   seal'd
                   end
                   was
                   broken
                   off
                   ;
                   but
                   before
                   
                   I
                   would
                   have
                   the
                   bottom
                   cut
                   out
                   ,
                   I
                   observ'd
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   upper
                   surface
                   of
                   the
                   Metal
                   was
                   very
                   darkly
                   colour'd
                   ,
                   and
                   not
                   at
                   all
                   smooth
                   ,
                   but
                   much
                   and
                   very
                   odly
                   asperated
                   ;
                   and
                   the
                   lower
                   part
                   had
                   between
                   the
                   bottom
                   and
                   the
                   lower
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Lump
                   a
                   pretty
                   deal
                   of
                   loose
                   dark-colour'd
                   Calx
                   ,
                   though
                   the
                   neighbouring
                   surface
                   and
                   some
                   places
                   of
                   the
                   Lump
                   it self
                   look'd
                   by
                   Candle-light
                   (
                   it
                   being
                   then
                   Night
                   )
                   of
                   a
                   golden
                   Colour
                   .
                   The
                   Lump
                   and
                   Calx
                   together
                   were
                   weigh'd
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Scales
                   carefully
                   ,
                   and
                   we
                   found
                   the
                   weight
                   to
                   have
                   increas'd
                   twenty-three
                   Grains
                   and
                   better
                   ,
                   though
                   all
                   the
                   Calx
                   ,
                   we
                   could
                   easily
                   separate
                   ,
                   being
                   weigh'd
                   by
                   it self
                   amounted
                   not
                   to
                   four
                   Scruples
                   or
                   eighty
                   Grains
                   .
                   ]
                
                 
                   For
                   Confirmation
                   of
                   this
                   Experiment
                   I
                   shall
                   subjoyn
                   another
                   ,
                   wherein
                   but
                   a
                   quarter
                   of
                   so
                   much
                   Metal
                   was
                   employed
                   with
                   such
                   success
                   as
                   the
                   annexed
                   Memorial
                   declares
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   EXPER.
                   V.
                   
                
                 
                   [
                   Two
                   Ounces
                   of
                   filings
                   of
                   Tin
                   were
                   carefully
                   weigh'd
                   and
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   little
                   Retort
                   ,
                   whose
                   neck
                   was
                   afterwards
                   drawn
                   slenderly
                   out
                   into
                   a
                   very
                   small
                   Apex
                   ;
                   then
                   the
                   Glass
                   was
                   plac'd
                   on
                   kindled
                   Coals
                   ,
                   which
                   drove
                   out
                   fumes
                   at
                   the
                   small
                   orifice
                   of
                   the
                   neck
                   for
                   a
                   pretty
                   while
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   the
                   Glass
                   ;
                   being
                   seal'd
                   up
                   at
                   the
                   Apex
                   ,
                   was
                   kept
                   in
                   the
                   fire
                   above
                   two
                   hours
                   ;
                   and
                   then
                   being
                   taken
                   off
                   was
                   broken
                   at
                   the
                   same
                   Apex
                   ;
                   whereupon
                   I
                   heard
                   the
                   outward
                   Fire
                   rush
                   in
                   ,
                   because
                   when
                   the
                   Retort
                   was
                   seal'd
                   the
                   Air
                   within
                   it
                   was
                   highly
                   rarified
                   .
                   Then
                   the
                   body
                   of
                   the
                   Glass
                   being
                   broken
                   ,
                   the
                   Tin
                   was
                   taken
                   out
                   ,
                   consisting
                   of
                   a
                   Lump
                   ,
                   about
                   which
                   there
                   appear'd
                   some
                   gray
                   Calx
                   and
                   some
                   very
                   small
                   globuls
                   ,
                   which
                   seem'd
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   filings
                   melted
                   into
                   that
                   form
                   .
                   The
                   whole
                   weigh'd
                   two
                   Ounces
                   twelve
                   Grains
                   ,
                   the
                   later
                   part
                   of
                   which
                   weight
                   appear'd
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   gain'd
                   by
                   the
                   Operation
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   on
                   the
                   
                   Metal
                   .
                   In
                   the
                   neck
                   of
                   the
                   Retort
                   ,
                   where
                   it
                   was
                   joyn'd
                   to
                   the
                   body
                   ,
                   there
                   appear'd
                   a
                   yellowish
                   and
                   clammy
                   substance
                   thinly
                   spread
                   ,
                   which
                   smelt
                   almost
                   like
                   the
                   foetid
                   Oyl
                   of
                   Tartar.
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   VI.
                   
                
                 
                   To
                   vary
                   the
                   foregoing
                   Experiments
                   by
                   making
                   Tryals
                   on
                   a
                   Mineral
                   that
                   is
                   held
                   to
                   be
                   of
                   a
                   very
                   Metalline
                   nature
                   ,
                   but
                   is
                   not
                   a
                   true
                   Metal
                   ,
                   nor
                   will
                   be
                   brought
                   to
                   fusion
                   by
                   so
                   moderate
                   a
                   Heat
                   as
                   will
                   suffice
                   to
                   melt
                   Tin
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   has
                   parts
                   less
                   fixt
                   than
                   Tin
                   ,
                   as
                   being
                   far
                   more
                   easily
                   sublimable
                   ,
                   we
                   thought
                   fit
                   to
                   make
                   the
                   following
                   Experiment
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   We
                   took
                   an
                   Ounce
                   of
                   filings
                   of
                   Zinke
                   carefully
                   weigh'd
                   ,
                   and
                   having
                   as
                   carefully
                   put
                   them
                   into
                   a
                   round
                   Bolt-glass
                   ,
                   we
                   caus'd
                   the
                   neck
                   to
                   be
                   drawn
                   out
                   very
                   slender
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   order'd
                   the
                   Laborant
                   to
                   keep
                   it
                   upon
                   quick
                   Coals
                   for
                   the
                   appointed
                   time
                   .
                   Afterwards
                   returning
                   home
                   ,
                   I
                   call'd
                   for
                   the
                   Glass
                   ,
                   which
                   he
                   said
                   he
                   had
                   
                   kept
                   four
                   hours
                   upon
                   the
                   Coals
                   ;
                   answering
                   me
                   also
                   ,
                   that
                   there
                   did
                   for
                   a
                   great
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   time
                   Smoak
                   appear
                   to
                   ascend
                   from
                   the
                   Zink
                   and
                   get
                   out
                   at
                   the
                   unstopt
                   Apex
                   .
                   And
                   in
                   effect
                   I
                   observ'd
                   ,
                   that
                   the
                   upper
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Glass
                   was
                   lin'd
                   with
                   Flores
                   or
                   Sublimate
                   of
                   a
                   darkish
                   gray
                   .
                   The
                   Glass
                   being
                   dextrously
                   cut
                   asunder
                   ,
                   we
                   took
                   out
                   not
                   only
                   the
                   filings
                   of
                   Zinke
                   ,
                   some
                   of
                   which
                   were
                   melted
                   into
                   little
                   globuls
                   ,
                   but
                   the
                   Flores
                   too
                   ,
                   and
                   yet
                   weighing
                   all
                   these
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Scales
                   ,
                   we
                   had
                   us'd
                   before
                   ,
                   we
                   found
                   five
                   Grains
                   and
                   somewhat
                   better
                   wanting
                   of
                   an
                   Ounce
                   .
                   Which
                   we
                   the
                   less
                   wonder'd
                   at
                   ,
                   because
                   of
                   the
                   continuance
                   of
                   the
                   lately
                   mention'd
                   Exhalations
                   emitted
                   by
                   the
                   filed
                   Mineral
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   VII
                   .
                
                 
                   For
                   more
                   ample
                   confirmation
                   of
                   the
                   truth
                   discover'd
                   by
                   what
                   I
                   have
                   been
                   reciting
                   about
                   Tin
                   ,
                   I
                   thought
                   fit
                   to
                   try
                   the
                   like
                   Experiment
                   upon
                   another
                   Metal
                   ,
                   which
                   though
                   of
                   
                   somewhat
                   more
                   difficult
                   fusion
                   than
                   Tin
                   ,
                   I
                   had
                   reason
                   to
                   think
                   might
                   ,
                   if
                   employed
                   in
                   a
                   moderate
                   quantity
                   ,
                   and
                   warily
                   managed
                   ,
                   be
                   kept
                   melted
                   in
                   Glass
                   without
                   breaking
                   it
                   .
                   And
                   accordingly
                   having
                   carefully
                   weigh'd
                   out
                   four
                   Ounces
                   of
                   good
                   Lead
                   cut
                   before-hand
                   into
                   pieces
                   little
                   enough
                   for
                   the
                   orifice
                   of
                   the
                   Glass
                   ,
                   I
                   caused
                   them
                   to
                   be
                   put
                   into
                   a
                   small
                   Retort
                   with
                   a
                   long
                   neck
                   ,
                   wherein
                   was
                   afterwards
                   left
                   but
                   an
                   orifice
                   not
                   much
                   bigger
                   than
                   a
                   pins
                   head
                   :
                   Then
                   leaving
                   directions
                   with
                   the
                   Laborant
                   what
                   to
                   do
                   ,
                   because
                   I
                   was
                   my self
                   call'd
                   abroad
                   ,
                   at
                   my
                   return
                   he
                   brought
                   me
                   together
                   with
                   the
                   Glass
                   ,
                   this
                   Account
                   :
                   That
                   he
                   had
                   kept
                   it
                   over
                   and
                   upon
                   the
                   Coals
                   two
                   hours
                   ,
                   or
                   better
                   ,
                   and
                   then
                   supposing
                   the
                   danger
                   of
                   breaking
                   the
                   Glass
                   was
                   over
                   ,
                   he
                   had
                   sealed
                   it
                   up
                   at
                   the
                   little
                   Orifice
                   newly
                   mention'd
                   ,
                   and
                   kept
                   it
                   on
                   the
                   Coals
                   two
                   hours
                   longer
                   .
                   Before
                   the
                   Glass
                   (
                   which
                   I
                   found
                   to
                   be
                   well
                   seal'd
                   )
                   was
                   broken
                   ,
                   I
                   perceived
                   the
                   pieces
                   of
                   Lead
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   melted
                   into
                   a
                   Lump
                   ,
                   whose
                   
                   surface
                   was
                   dark
                   and
                   rugged
                   ,
                   and
                   part
                   of
                   the
                   Metal
                   to
                   have
                   been
                   turn'd
                   into
                   a
                   dark-colour'd
                   Powder
                   or
                   Calx
                   :
                   All
                   this
                   being
                   taken
                   out
                   of
                   the
                   Retort
                   ,
                   was
                   weigh'd
                   in
                   the
                   same
                   Ballance
                   ,
                   whereon
                   the
                   Lead
                   appear'd
                   to
                   have
                   gain'd
                   by
                   the
                   Operation
                   somewhat
                   above
                   thirteen
                   Grains
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   EXPER.
                   VIII
                   .
                
                 
                   To
                   shew
                   that
                   Metals
                   are
                   not
                   the
                   only
                   Bodies
                   that
                   are
                   capable
                   of
                   receiving
                   an
                   increase
                   of
                   Weight
                   from
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   I
                   thought
                   fit
                   to
                   make
                   upon
                   Coral
                   a
                   tryal
                   ,
                   whereof
                   my
                   Memorial
                   gives
                   me
                   this
                   Account
                   .
                
                 
                   [
                   Little
                   bits
                   of
                   good
                   red
                   Coral
                   being
                   Hermetically
                   seal'd
                   up
                   in
                   a
                   thin
                   bubble
                   of
                   Glass
                   ,
                   after
                   two
                   Drachms
                   of
                   them
                   had
                   been
                   weigh'd
                   out
                   in
                   a
                   pair
                   of
                   nice
                   Scales
                   ,
                   were
                   warily
                   kept
                   at
                   several
                   times
                   over
                   and
                   upon
                   kindled
                   Coals
                   ,
                   and
                   at
                   length
                   being
                   taken
                   out
                   for
                   good
                   and
                   all
                   ,
                   were
                   found
                   of
                   a
                   very
                   dark
                   Colour
                   ,
                   and
                   to
                   have
                   gain'd
                   in
                   weight
                   three
                   Grains
                   and
                   about
                   a
                   half
                   .
                   ]
                
              
               
                 
                 
                   EXPER.
                   IX
                   .
                
                 
                   One
                   Experiment
                   there
                   is
                   ,
                   which
                   ,
                   though
                   it
                   might
                   have
                   come
                   in
                   more
                   properly
                   at
                   another
                   place
                   ,
                   is
                   not
                   to
                   be
                   omitted
                   in
                   this
                   because
                   it
                   may
                   invite
                   us
                   to
                   consider
                   ,
                   whether
                   in
                   the
                   foregoing
                   Experiments
                   ,
                   excepting
                   those
                   made
                   on
                   Lead
                   and
                   Tin
                   in
                   seal'd
                   Vessels
                   ,
                   there
                   may
                   not
                   be
                   more
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   adherent
                   to
                   or
                   incorporated
                   with
                   the
                   Body
                   expos'd
                   to
                   it
                   ,
                   than
                   one
                   would
                   conclude
                   barely
                   from
                   the
                   recited
                   Increments
                   of
                   their
                   Weight
                   .
                   For
                   having
                   taken
                   very
                   strong
                   fresh
                   Quick-lime
                   provided
                   on
                   purpose
                   for
                   choice
                   Experiments
                   ,
                   and
                   expos'd
                   it
                   ,
                   before
                   the
                   Air
                   had
                   time
                   to
                   slake
                   it
                   ,
                   upon
                   the
                   Cupel
                   ,
                   to
                   a
                   strong
                   fire
                   where
                   it
                   was
                   kept
                   for
                   two
                   hours
                   ;
                   I
                   found
                   that
                   it
                   had
                   increas'd
                   in
                   weight
                   even
                   somewhat
                   beyond
                   my
                   expectation
                   :
                   For
                   being
                   seasonably
                   put
                   into
                   the
                   Ballance
                   ,
                   the
                   Lumps
                   that
                   weigh'd
                   ,
                   when
                   expos'd
                   ,
                   but
                   two
                   Drachms
                   ,
                   amounted
                   to
                   two
                   
                   Drachms
                   and
                   twenty-nine
                   Grains
                   ;
                   which
                   makes
                   this
                   Experiment
                   a
                   pregnant
                   one
                   to
                   our
                   purpose
                   .
                   For
                   by
                   this
                   it
                   appears
                   ,
                   that
                   notwithstanding
                   a
                   Body
                   may
                   for
                   many
                   hours
                   ,
                   or
                   even
                   for
                   some
                   days
                   ,
                   be
                   expos'd
                   to
                   a
                   very
                   violent
                   Fire
                   ,
                   yet
                   it
                   may
                   be
                   still
                   capable
                   of
                   admitting
                   and
                   retaining
                   fresh
                   Corpuscles
                   ;
                   so
                   that
                   ,
                   though
                   well
                   made
                   Lime
                   be
                   usually
                   observ'd
                   to
                   be
                   much
                   lighter
                   than
                   the
                   Stones
                   whereof
                   't
                   is
                   made
                   ;
                   yet
                   this
                   lightness
                   does
                   not
                   necessarily
                   prove
                   ,
                   that
                   ,
                   because
                   a
                   burnt
                   Lime-stone
                   has
                   lost
                   much
                   of
                   its
                   matter
                   by
                   the
                   Fire
                   ,
                   it
                   has
                   therefore
                   acquir'd
                   no
                   matter
                   from
                   the
                   Fire
                   ;
                   but
                   only
                   inferrs
                   ,
                   that
                   it
                   has
                   lost
                   far
                   more
                   than
                   it
                   has
                   got
                   .
                   And
                   this
                   may
                   give
                   ground
                   to
                   suspect
                   ,
                   that
                   in
                   most
                   of
                   the
                   foregoing
                   tryals
                   the
                   accession
                   of
                   the
                   fiery
                   Particles
                   was
                   greater
                   (
                   though
                   in
                   some
                   more
                   ,
                   in
                   others
                   less
                   so
                   ,
                   )
                   than
                   the
                   Ballance
                   discover'd
                   ;
                   since
                   ,
                   for
                   ought
                   we
                   know
                   ,
                   divers
                   of
                   the
                   less
                   fixt
                   Particles
                   of
                   the
                   expos'd
                   Body
                   might
                   be
                   driven
                   away
                   by
                   the
                   vehemence
                   of
                   the
                   Heat
                   ;
                   and
                   
                   consequently
                   the
                   Igneous
                   Corpuscles
                   that
                   fastned
                   themselves
                   to
                   the
                   remaining
                   matter
                   might
                   be
                   numerous
                   enough
                   ,
                   not
                   only
                   to
                   bring
                   the
                   accession
                   of
                   Weight
                   that
                   was
                   found
                   by
                   the
                   Scales
                   ,
                   but
                   to
                   make
                   amends
                   for
                   all
                   the
                   fugitive
                   Particles
                   ,
                   that
                   had
                   been
                   expell'd
                   by
                   the
                   violence
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   .
                   And
                   since
                   so
                   fixt
                   a
                   Body
                   as
                   Quick-lime
                   is
                   capable
                   of
                   being
                   wrought
                   upon
                   by
                   the
                   Igneous
                   Effluvia
                   ,
                   so
                   as
                   that
                   they
                   come
                   to
                   be
                   as
                   't
                   were
                   incorporated
                   with
                   it
                   ,
                   it
                   may
                   perchance
                   be
                   worth
                   considering
                   ,
                   whether
                   in
                   other
                   calcin'd
                   or
                   incinerated
                   Bodies
                   the
                   remaining
                   Calces
                   or
                   Ashes
                   may
                   not
                   retain
                   more
                   than
                   the
                   bare
                   Impression
                   (
                   unless
                   that
                   be
                   stretch'd
                   to
                   mean
                   some
                   participation
                   of
                   a
                   substance
                   ,
                   )
                   of
                   the
                   Fire
                   .
                   Whether
                   these
                   Particles
                   that
                   adhere
                   to
                   or
                   are
                   mingled
                   with
                   the
                   stony
                   ones
                   of
                   the
                   Lime
                   may
                   have
                   any
                   thing
                   to
                   do
                   in
                   the
                   Heat
                   and
                   tumult
                   that
                   is
                   produc'd
                   upon
                   the
                   slaking
                   of
                   Lime
                   ,
                   this
                   is
                   not
                   a
                   fit
                   place
                   to
                   examine
                   .
                   And
                   though
                   by
                   this
                   Experiment
                   and
                   those
                   made
                   
                   in
                   seal'd
                   Retorts
                   ,
                   which
                   shew
                   that
                   what
                   is
                   afforded
                   by
                   Fire
                   may
                   in
                   a
                   Corporeal
                   way
                   invade
                   ,
                   adhere
                   and
                   add
                   Weight
                   to
                   even
                   fixt
                   and
                   ponderous
                   Bodies
                   ,
                   there
                   is
                   a
                   large
                   Field
                   open'd
                   for
                   the
                   Speculative
                   to
                   apply
                   this
                   Discovery
                   to
                   divers
                   Phaenomena
                   of
                   Nature
                   and
                   Chymistry
                   ;
                   yet
                   I
                   shall
                   leave
                   this
                   Subject
                   unmedled
                   with
                   in
                   this
                   place
                   .
                
              
            
          
        
      
       
         
           
             
             
               A
               DISCOVERY
               Of
               the
               PERVIOUSNESS
               OF
               GLASS
               TO
               PONDERABLE
               PARTS
               OF
               FLAME
               .
            
             
               With
               some
               Reflexions
               on
               it
               by
               way
               of
               COROLLARY
               .
            
             
               Subjoyned
               as
               an
               Appendix
               to
               his
               Experiments
               about
               Arresting
               and
               Weighing
               of
               
                 IGNEOUS
                 CORPUSCLES
                 ,
                 BY.
              
               The
               Honorable
               
                 ROBERT
                 BOYLE
              
               .
            
             
               LONDON
               :
               Printed
               by
               
                 W.
                 G.
              
               for
               
                 M.
                 Pitt
              
               at
               the
               sign
               of
               the
               White
               Hart
               ,
               over-against
               the
               little
               North
               Door
               of
               St
               Paul's
               Church
               .
               1673.
               
            
          
        
         
           
             
             
             
               A
               DISCOVERY
               OF
               The
               Perviousness
               of
               GLASS
               TO
               Ponderable
               Parts
               of
               FLAME
               .
            
             
               THAT
               I
               might
               obviate
               some
               needless
               scruples
               that
               may
               be
               entertain'd
               by
               suspitious
               Wits
               upon
               this
               Circumstance
               of
               our
               Additional
               Experiments
               ,
               
                 That
                 the
                 Glasses
                 employ'd
                 about
                 them
                 were
                 not
                 exposed
                 to
                 the
                 Action
                 of
                 mere
                 Flame
                 ,
                 but
                 were
                 held
                 upon
                 Charcoals
                 ,
              
               (
               which
               to
               some
               may
               seem
               to
               contain
               but
               a
               Grosser
               kind
               of
               Fire
               :
               )
               And
               that
               also
               I
               might
               ,
               by
               diversifying
               the
               way
               of
               tryal
               ,
               render
               such
               Experiments
               both
               more
               fit
               to
               afford
               Corollaries
               ,
               and
               more
               serviceable
               to
               my
               other
               purposes
               ,
               I
               attempted
               to
               make
               it
               succeed
               with
               a
               Body
               so
               thin
               and
               disingaged
               
               from
               gross
               matter
               as
               mere
               Flame
               is
               allowed
               to
               be
               ,
               knowing
               ,
               that
               by
               going
               cautiously
               with
               it
               to
               work
               ,
               one
               might
               handle
               a
               Retort
               without
               breaking
               it
               ,
               in
               spite
               of
               a
               violent
               agitation
               of
               kindled
               matter
               .
            
             
               
                 EXPER.
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 Supposing
                 then
                 that
                 good
                 common
                 Sulphur
                 by
                 reason
                 of
                 its
                 great
                 Inflammability
                 and
                 the
                 vehemency
                 and
                 penetrancy
                 of
                 its
                 Flame
                 ,
                 would
                 be
                 a
                 very
                 fit
                 fuel
                 for
                 my
                 purpose
                 ,
                 I
                 provided
                 a
                 small
                 double
                 Vessel
                 so
                 contrived
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 one
                 should
                 contain
                 as
                 many
                 Coals
                 as
                 was
                 necessary
                 to
                 keep
                 the
                 Sulphur
                 melted
                 ,
                 and
                 that
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 which
                 was
                 much
                 smaller
                 ,
                 and
                 shap'd
                 like
                 a
                 Pan
                 ,
                 should
                 contain
                 the
                 Brimstone
                 requisite
                 for
                 our
                 Tryal
                 ;
                 and
                 (
                 lastly
                 ,
                 )
                 that
                 these
                 two
                 should
                 be
                 with
                 a
                 convenient
                 Lute
                 so
                 joyned
                 to
                 one
                 another
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 being
                 clos'd
                 at
                 the
                 top
                 ,
                 save
                 the
                 orifice
                 of
                 the
                 little
                 Pan
                 ,
                 (
                 the
                 fire
                 and
                 smoak
                 of
                 the
                 Coals
                 having
                 their
                 vent
                 another
                 
                 way
                 ,
                 )
                 no
                 fire
                 should
                 come
                 at
                 the
                 Retort
                 to
                 be
                 employed
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 flame
                 of
                 the
                 burning
                 Brimstone
                 .
                 Then
                 two
                 ounces
                 of
                 filings
                 of
                 Tin
                 being
                 heedfully
                 weigh'd
                 out
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 Glass-Retort
                 provided
                 for
                 such
                 Tryals
                 ,
                 and
                 made
                 fit
                 to
                 be
                 easily
                 seal'd
                 up
                 at
                 the
                 neck
                 ,
                 when
                 the
                 time
                 should
                 be
                 convenient
                 ,
                 the
                 Sulphur
                 (
                 which
                 ought
                 to
                 be
                 of
                 the
                 purer
                 sort
                 )
                 was
                 kindled
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Glass
                 by
                 degrees
                 exposed
                 to
                 it
                 ;
                 where
                 it
                 continued
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 Laborant
                 inform'd
                 me
                 ,
                 (
                 the
                 smell
                 of
                 Brimstone
                 ,
                 peculiarly
                 offensive
                 to
                 me
                 ,
                 forbidding
                 me
                 to
                 be
                 present
                 ,
                 )
                 near
                 two
                 hours
                 before
                 the
                 Metal
                 melted
                 ;
                 after
                 which
                 he
                 kept
                 the
                 Retort
                 near
                 an
                 hour
                 and
                 half
                 more
                 with
                 the
                 Metal
                 melted
                 in
                 it
                 .
                 Then
                 bringing
                 it
                 me
                 to
                 look
                 upon
                 ,
                 I
                 perceived
                 a
                 pretty
                 deal
                 of
                 darkish
                 Calx
                 at
                 the
                 bottom
                 ,
                 and
                 partly
                 too
                 upon
                 the
                 surface
                 of
                 the
                 far
                 greater
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Metal
                 ,
                 which
                 now
                 lay
                 in
                 one
                 Lump
                 .
                 The
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Retort
                 that
                 had
                 been
                 seal'd
                 being
                 broken
                 off
                 ,
                 we
                 first
                 took
                 out
                 the
                 Calx
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 
                 the
                 Lump
                 ,
                 and
                 putting
                 them
                 into
                 the
                 Scales
                 ,
                 they
                 had
                 been
                 formerly
                 weigh'd
                 in
                 ,
                 found
                 them
                 to
                 have
                 made
                 a
                 very
                 manifest
                 acquist
                 of
                 weight
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 if
                 both
                 the
                 Laborant
                 and
                 I
                 be
                 not
                 mistaken
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 the
                 paper
                 ,
                 which
                 should
                 inform
                 us
                 ,
                 is
                 now
                 missing
                 )
                 amounted
                 to
                 four
                 grains
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 ,
                 gained
                 by
                 the
                 recited
                 Operation
                 .
                 Afterwards
                 ,
                 we
                 being
                 grown
                 more
                 expert
                 in
                 making
                 such
                 Tryals
                 ,
                 the
                 experiment
                 was
                 repeated
                 with
                 the
                 same
                 quantity
                 of
                 filings
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 Metal
                 :
                 At
                 the
                 end
                 of
                 the
                 Operation
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 in
                 all
                 lasted
                 somewhat
                 above
                 three
                 hours
                 )
                 having
                 broken
                 off
                 the
                 seal'd
                 neck
                 of
                 the
                 Retort
                 ,
                 we
                 found
                 ,
                 that
                 a
                 good
                 proportion
                 of
                 dark-colour'd
                 Calx
                 had
                 been
                 produc'd
                 .
                 This
                 being
                 weighed
                 with
                 the
                 uncalcin'd
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Metal
                 ,
                 the
                 two
                 ounces
                 we
                 first
                 put
                 in
                 appear'd
                 to
                 have
                 acquir'd
                 no
                 less
                 than
                 eleven
                 grains
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 (
                 and
                 somewhat
                 better
                 .
                 )
              
               
                 Such
                 Superstructures
                 ,
                 both
                 for
                 number
                 and
                 weight
                 ,
                 may
                 possibly
                 
                 in
                 time
                 be
                 built
                 on
                 this
                 and
                 the
                 like
                 Experiments
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 shall
                 venture
                 to
                 obviate
                 even
                 such
                 a
                 scruple
                 as
                 is
                 like
                 to
                 be
                 judg'd
                 too
                 Sceptical
                 .
                 But
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 considering
                 upon
                 occasion
                 of
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Experiments
                 formerly
                 recited
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 it
                 were
                 very
                 improbable
                 ,
                 yet
                 it
                 did
                 not
                 appear
                 impossible
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 increment
                 of
                 Weight
                 ,
                 acquir'd
                 by
                 Bodies
                 expos'd
                 in
                 Glass-vessels
                 to
                 the
                 Fire
                 ,
                 might
                 proceed
                 ,
                 not
                 from
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 of
                 Fire
                 ,
                 but
                 from
                 the
                 Particles
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 it self
                 ,
                 loosened
                 by
                 the
                 power
                 of
                 so
                 intense
                 a
                 Heat
                 ,
                 and
                 forcibly
                 driven
                 into
                 the
                 inclos'd
                 Body
                 ;
                 I
                 was
                 content
                 to
                 take
                 a
                 couple
                 of
                 Glasses
                 ,
                 whereof
                 one
                 was
                 shap'd
                 into
                 a
                 little
                 Retort
                 ,
                 and
                 having
                 weigh'd
                 them
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 having
                 kept
                 them
                 for
                 a
                 considerable
                 time
                 upon
                 kindled
                 Coals
                 ,
                 and
                 then
                 weigh'd
                 them
                 again
                 ,
                 I
                 could
                 gather
                 little
                 of
                 certainty
                 from
                 the
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 (
                 the
                 Retort
                 at
                 one
                 time
                 seeming
                 to
                 have
                 acquir'd
                 above
                 half
                 a
                 grain
                 in
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 )
                 save
                 that
                 there
                 was
                 no
                 likelihood
                 at
                 all
                 ,
                 that
                 
                 so
                 considerable
                 an
                 increase
                 of
                 weight
                 ,
                 as
                 we
                 divers
                 times
                 obtain'd
                 in
                 close
                 vessels
                 ,
                 should
                 proceed
                 from
                 the
                 Glass
                 it self
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 from
                 the
                 Fire
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 EXPER.
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 Because
                 it
                 seems
                 evident
                 enough
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 whatever
                 Chymists
                 tell
                 us
                 of
                 their
                 Hypostatical
                 Sulphur
                 ,
                 common
                 Brimstone
                 is
                 a
                 body
                 Heterogeneous
                 enough
                 ,
                 having
                 in
                 it
                 some
                 parts
                 of
                 an
                 oyly
                 or
                 inflammable
                 nature
                 ,
                 and
                 others
                 acid
                 ;
                 and
                 very
                 near
                 of
                 kin
                 to
                 the
                 Spirits
                 of
                 Vitriol
                 ;
                 I
                 thought
                 fit
                 to
                 vary
                 our
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 by
                 making
                 it
                 with
                 a
                 liquor
                 that
                 is
                 generally
                 reputed
                 to
                 be
                 as
                 Homogeneous
                 as
                 Chymists
                 themselves
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 render
                 any
                 ,
                 I
                 mean
                 with
                 a
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 or
                 some
                 such
                 liquor
                 as
                 will
                 totally
                 flame
                 away
                 without
                 affording
                 Soot
                 ,
                 or
                 leaving
                 any
                 drop
                 of
                 Phlegm
                 behind
                 it
                 .
                 In
                 prosecution
                 of
                 this
                 design
                 ,
                 we
                 carefully
                 weighed
                 out
                 an
                 ounce
                 of
                 filings
                 of
                 Block-Tin
                 ,
                 and
                 put
                 them
                 into
                 a
                 Glass-Retort
                 ,
                 fit
                 for
                 
                 the
                 purpose
                 ,
                 whose
                 neck
                 was
                 afterwards
                 drawn
                 out
                 to
                 a
                 great
                 slenderness
                 ;
                 and
                 we
                 also
                 provided
                 a
                 conveniently
                 shap'd
                 metalline
                 Lamp
                 ,
                 such
                 as
                 that
                 the
                 flame
                 of
                 this
                 ardent
                 Spirit
                 might
                 commodiously
                 burn
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 not
                 melt
                 nor
                 crack
                 it
                 ;
                 which
                 Lamp
                 ,
                 though
                 furnished
                 with
                 a
                 Cotton
                 wick
                 ,
                 afforded
                 no
                 Soot
                 ,
                 because
                 as
                 long
                 as
                 it
                 was
                 supplied
                 with
                 liquor
                 enough
                 ,
                 it
                 remained
                 unburnt
                 .
                 These
                 things
                 being
                 in
                 readiness
                 ,
                 the
                 Retort
                 was
                 warily
                 approach'd
                 to
                 the
                 flame
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Metal
                 was
                 thereby
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 time
                 melted
                 .
                 After
                 which
                 the
                 Glass
                 being
                 kept
                 expos'd
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 flame
                 for
                 near
                 two
                 hours
                 in
                 all
                 ,
                 the
                 seal'd
                 apex
                 of
                 the
                 Retort
                 was
                 broken
                 off
                 ,
                 and
                 there
                 appear'd
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 produc'd
                 a
                 not
                 inconsiderable
                 Quantity
                 of
                 Calx
                 ,
                 that
                 lay
                 loose
                 about
                 the
                 remaining
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Tin
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 upon
                 its
                 growing
                 cold
                 ,
                 was
                 harden'd
                 into
                 a
                 Lump
                 .
                 This
                 ,
                 and
                 the
                 Calx
                 ,
                 being
                 taken
                 out
                 of
                 the
                 Retort
                 with
                 care
                 ,
                 that
                 no
                 little
                 fragment
                 of
                 Glass
                 
                 should
                 at
                 all
                 impose
                 upon
                 us
                 ,
                 was
                 weigh'd
                 in
                 the
                 same
                 Scales
                 as
                 formerly
                 ,
                 and
                 found
                 to
                 have
                 gain'd
                 four
                 grains
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 ,
                 besides
                 the
                 Dust
                 that
                 stuck
                 in
                 the
                 inside
                 of
                 the
                 Retort
                 ,
                 of
                 which
                 we
                 reckon'd
                 enough
                 to
                 make
                 about
                 half
                 a
                 grain
                 more
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 of
                 so
                 fine
                 and
                 pure
                 a
                 flame
                 as
                 of
                 this
                 totally
                 ardent
                 Spirit
                 ,
                 enough
                 to
                 amount
                 to
                 five
                 grains
                 was
                 arrested
                 ,
                 and
                 in
                 good
                 measure
                 fixt
                 by
                 its
                 operation
                 on
                 the
                 Tin
                 it
                 had
                 wrought
                 upon
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 EXPER.
                 III.
                 
              
               
                 For
                 confirmation
                 of
                 the
                 former
                 tryal
                 ,
                 wherein
                 we
                 had
                 imployed
                 the
                 
                   Spiritus
                   ardens
                
                 of
                 Sugar
                 ,
                 we
                 made
                 the
                 like
                 experiment
                 with
                 highly
                 Rectified
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 only
                 substituting
                 an
                 ounce
                 of
                 Lead
                 instead
                 of
                 one
                 of
                 Tin.
                 The
                 event
                 ,
                 in
                 short
                 ,
                 was
                 this
                 ;
                 that
                 after
                 the
                 Metal
                 had
                 been
                 for
                 two
                 hours
                 or
                 better
                 kept
                 in
                 the
                 flame
                 ,
                 the
                 seal'd
                 neck
                 of
                 the
                 Retort
                 being
                 broken
                 off
                 ,
                 the
                 external
                 
                 Air
                 rush'd
                 in
                 with
                 a
                 noise
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 shew'd
                 the
                 Vessel
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 very
                 tight
                 ,
                 )
                 and
                 we
                 found
                 pretty
                 store
                 of
                 the
                 Lead
                 ;
                 for
                 't
                 was
                 above
                 seven
                 scruples
                 ,
                 turn'd
                 into
                 a
                 grayish
                 Calx
                 ,
                 which
                 together
                 with
                 the
                 rest
                 of
                 the
                 Metal
                 being
                 weigh'd
                 again
                 ,
                 there
                 was
                 very
                 near
                 ,
                 if
                 not
                 full
                 ,
                 six
                 grains
                 of
                 increase
                 of
                 weight
                 acquir'd
                 by
                 the
                 Operation
                 .
              
               
                 1.
                 
                 
                   N.
                   B.
                
                 The
                 Lump
                 of
                 Lead
                 ,
                 that
                 remain'd
                 after
                 the
                 newly
                 recited
                 Operation
                 ,
                 being
                 separated
                 from
                 the
                 Calx
                 ,
                 was
                 weighed
                 and
                 cut
                 in
                 pieces
                 ,
                 that
                 it
                 might
                 be
                 put
                 into
                 a
                 fresh
                 Retort
                 ,
                 wherein
                 it
                 was
                 again
                 expos'd
                 to
                 the
                 flame
                 of
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 that
                 I
                 might
                 satisfie
                 my self
                 ,
                 whether
                 probably
                 the
                 whole
                 Body
                 of
                 the
                 Lead
                 might
                 not
                 ,
                 by
                 repeated
                 Operations
                 ,
                 or
                 (
                 perhaps
                 by
                 one
                 continued
                 long
                 enough
                 )
                 be
                 reduc'd
                 to
                 Calx
                 .
                 And
                 though
                 ,
                 after
                 the
                 Retort
                 (
                 whose
                 neck
                 had
                 been
                 drawn
                 out
                 )
                 had
                 been
                 kept
                 in
                 the
                 flame
                 for
                 about
                 two
                 hours
                 ,
                 it
                 was
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 negligence
                 of
                 a
                 Foot-boy
                 ,
                 unluckily
                 broken
                 ,
                 and
                 some
                 of
                 
                 the
                 Calx
                 lost
                 ;
                 yet
                 we
                 made
                 a
                 shift
                 to
                 save
                 about
                 five
                 grains
                 of
                 it
                 ,
                 (
                 whose
                 colour
                 was
                 yellowish
                 ;
                 )
                 which
                 was
                 enough
                 to
                 make
                 it
                 likely
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 had
                 had
                 conveniency
                 to
                 pursue
                 the
                 Operation
                 to
                 the
                 utmost
                 ,
                 the
                 whole
                 Metal
                 might
                 have
                 been
                 calcin'd
                 by
                 the
                 action
                 of
                 the
                 flaming
                 Spirit
                 .
              
               
                 2.
                 
                 
                   N.
                   B.
                
                 And
                 lest
                 you
                 should
                 be
                 induc'd
                 by
                 some
                 Chymical
                 conceits
                 to
                 imagine
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 particles
                 that
                 once
                 belong'd
                 to
                 flame
                 ,
                 did
                 make
                 more
                 than
                 a
                 Coalition
                 with
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 Lead
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 a
                 perfect
                 Union
                 were
                 Really
                 transmuted
                 into
                 the
                 Metal
                 whose
                 weight
                 they
                 increas'd
                 ;
                 I
                 shall
                 add
                 ,
                 that
                 (
                 according
                 to
                 a
                 Method
                 elsewhere
                 deliver'd
                 )
                 I
                 examin'd
                 the
                 
                   seven
                   scruples
                
                 of
                 Calx
                 ,
                 mention'd
                 to
                 have
                 been
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 third
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 by
                 weighing
                 them
                 in
                 Air
                 and
                 Water
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 found
                 ,
                 as
                 I
                 expected
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 the
                 absolute
                 Gravity
                 of
                 the
                 Metal
                 had
                 been
                 increas'd
                 by
                 the
                 particles
                 of
                 Flame
                 that
                 stuck
                 fast
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 yet
                 this
                 Aggregate
                 
                 of
                 Lead
                 and
                 extinguish'd
                 Flame
                 had
                 lost
                 much
                 of
                 its
                 specifick
                 Gravity
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 whereas
                 Lead
                 is
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 to
                 Water
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 bulk
                 ,
                 as
                 about
                 eleven
                 and
                 a
                 half
                 to
                 one
                 ,
                 this
                 subtil
                 Calx
                 of
                 Lead
                 was
                 to
                 Water
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 bulk
                 little
                 ,
                 if
                 at
                 all
                 ,
                 more
                 than
                 as
                 nine
                 to
                 one
                 .
              
               
                 These
                 are
                 not
                 the
                 only
                 Experiments
                 I
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 Operation
                 of
                 meer
                 Flame
                 upon
                 Bodies
                 inclos'd
                 in
                 Glasses
                 ;
                 but
                 these
                 ,
                 I
                 suppose
                 ,
                 are
                 sufficient
                 to
                 allow
                 me
                 to
                 comply
                 with
                 my
                 present
                 haste
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 make
                 good
                 the
                 Title
                 prefixt
                 to
                 this
                 Paper
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 whence
                 can
                 this
                 increase
                 of
                 absolute
                 weight
                 (
                 for
                 I
                 speak
                 not
                 of
                 specifick
                 Gravity
                 ,
                 )
                 observ'd
                 by
                 us
                 in
                 the
                 Metals
                 expos'd
                 to
                 the
                 mere
                 flame
                 ,
                 be
                 deduc'd
                 ,
                 but
                 from
                 some
                 ponderable
                 parts
                 of
                 that
                 Flame
                 ?
                 And
                 how
                 could
                 those
                 parts
                 invade
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 Metal
                 inclos'd
                 in
                 a
                 Glass
                 ,
                 otherwise
                 than
                 by
                 passing
                 through
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 that
                 Glass
                 ?
                 But
                 ,
                 because
                 I
                 judge
                 it
                 unphilosophical
                 ,
                 either
                 to
                 more
                 careful
                 that
                 what
                 one
                 writes
                 should
                 appear
                 strange
                 ,
                 than
                 be
                 true
                 ;
                 
                 or
                 to
                 be
                 forward
                 to
                 advance
                 the
                 repute
                 of
                 Strangeness
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 prejudice
                 of
                 the
                 Interest
                 of
                 Truth
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 be
                 perhaps
                 but
                 a
                 remote
                 one
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 collateral
                 one
                 ;
                 I
                 shall
                 deal
                 so
                 impartially
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 subjoyn
                 on
                 this
                 occasion
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 short
                 Intimations
                 ,
                 that
                 may
                 prove
                 both
                 seasonable
                 for
                 Caution
                 ,
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 the
                 Porousness
                 of
                 Glass
                 ,
                 and
                 give
                 a
                 hint
                 or
                 two
                 in
                 relation
                 to
                 other
                 Things
                 .
              
               
                 I
                 do
                 not
                 then
                 by
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Experiments
                 pretend
                 to
                 make
                 out
                 the
                 Porosity
                 of
                 Glass
                 any
                 farther
                 ,
                 than
                 is
                 exprest
                 in
                 the
                 Title
                 of
                 this
                 Paper
                 ;
                 namely
                 ,
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 some
                 of
                 the
                 Ponderable
                 parts
                 of
                 Flame
                 .
                 For
                 otherwise
                 I
                 am
                 not
                 at
                 all
                 of
                 their
                 mind
                 ,
                 that
                 think
                 Glass
                 is
                 easily
                 penetrable
                 ,
                 either
                 ,
                 as
                 many
                 do
                 ,
                 by
                 Chymical
                 Liquors
                 ;
                 or
                 ,
                 as
                 some
                 ,
                 by
                 Quicksilver
                 ;
                 or
                 ,
                 as
                 others
                 ,
                 at
                 least
                 by
                 our
                 Air
                 :
                 Those
                 opinions
                 not
                 agreeing
                 with
                 the
                 Experiments
                 I
                 made
                 purposely
                 to
                 examine
                 them
                 ,
                 as
                 you
                 may
                 find
                 in
                 another
                 Paper
                 .
              
               
                 Again
                 ,
                 if
                 we
                 compare
                 the
                 Increase
                 
                 we
                 observe
                 to
                 be
                 made
                 in
                 the
                 Weight
                 of
                 the
                 Bodies
                 that
                 we
                 expose
                 to
                 the
                 naked
                 Fire
                 ,
                 and
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 or
                 the
                 like
                 kinds
                 that
                 we
                 included
                 in
                 Glasses
                 ,
                 or
                 so
                 much
                 as
                 in
                 Crucibles
                 ;
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 worth
                 considering
                 ,
                 Whether
                 this
                 difference
                 in
                 acquir'd
                 weight
                 may
                 not
                 give
                 cause
                 to
                 suspect
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 whereof
                 Fire
                 and
                 Flame
                 consists
                 ,
                 are
                 not
                 all
                 of
                 the
                 same
                 size
                 ,
                 and
                 equally
                 agitated
                 ,
                 but
                 that
                 the
                 interpos'd
                 Vessel
                 keeps
                 out
                 the
                 grosser
                 Particles
                 like
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 Strainer
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 gives
                 passage
                 to
                 the
                 minutest
                 and
                 most
                 active
                 ?
              
               
                 I
                 offer
                 it
                 also
                 to
                 Consideration
                 ,
                 Whether
                 this
                 perviousness
                 of
                 Glass
                 ,
                 even
                 to
                 the
                 minute
                 particles
                 that
                 pervade
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 their
                 adhesion
                 to
                 the
                 Metal
                 they
                 work
                 on
                 ,
                 does
                 necessarily
                 imply
                 Pores
                 constantly
                 great
                 enough
                 to
                 transmit
                 such
                 Corpuscles
                 ?
                 or
                 ,
                 Whether
                 it
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 said
                 ,
                 that
                 Glass
                 is
                 generally
                 of
                 a
                 closer
                 Texture
                 ,
                 than
                 when
                 in
                 our
                 Experiments
                 the
                 pores
                 are
                 open'd
                 by
                 the
                 vehement
                 Heat
                 of
                 the
                 flame
                 that
                 beats
                 upon
                 it
                 ,
                 
                 and
                 in
                 that
                 state
                 may
                 let
                 pass
                 Corpuscles
                 too
                 big
                 to
                 permeate
                 Glass
                 in
                 its
                 ordinary
                 state
                 ;
                 and
                 that
                 this
                 penetration
                 is
                 much
                 assisted
                 by
                 the
                 vehement
                 agitation
                 of
                 the
                 Igneous
                 parts
                 ,
                 which
                 by
                 the
                 rapidness
                 of
                 their
                 motion
                 both
                 force
                 themselves
                 a
                 passage
                 through
                 the
                 narrow
                 pores
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 and
                 pierce
                 deep
                 enough
                 into
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 included
                 Body
                 to
                 stick
                 fast
                 there
                 ;
                 (
                 as
                 hail-shot
                 thrown
                 with
                 ones
                 hand
                 against
                 a
                 board
                 ,
                 will
                 pass
                 off
                 from
                 it
                 ,
                 but
                 being
                 shot
                 out
                 of
                 a
                 Gun
                 will
                 pierce
                 it
                 ,
                 and
                 lodge
                 themselves
                 in
                 it
                 ?
                 )
                 And
                 I
                 know
                 a
                 Menstruum
                 that
                 does
                 not
                 work
                 upon
                 a
                 certain
                 Metal
                 whilst
                 the
                 liquor
                 is
                 cold
                 ,
                 or
                 but
                 faintly
                 heated
                 ,
                 and
                 yet
                 by
                 intending
                 the
                 Heat
                 would
                 be
                 made
                 to
                 turn
                 it
                 into
                 a
                 powder
                 or
                 Calx
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 it
                 does
                 not
                 properly
                 dissolve
                 it
                 .
                 )
              
               
                 Perhaps
                 it
                 may
                 not
                 be
                 amiss
                 to
                 add
                 on
                 this
                 occasion
                 ,
                 that
                 though
                 Glass
                 be
                 generally
                 acknowledged
                 to
                 have
                 far
                 smaller
                 pores
                 ,
                 than
                 any
                 other
                 matter
                 wont
                 to
                 be
                 implyed
                 to
                 make
                 vessels
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 to
                 be
                 expos'd
                 
                 to
                 the
                 fire
                 ;
                 yet
                 till
                 I
                 be
                 farther
                 satisfy'd
                 ,
                 I
                 shall
                 forbear
                 both
                 to
                 determine
                 ,
                 whether
                 the
                 rectitude
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 Philosophers
                 suppose
                 in
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 Glass
                 ,
                 as
                 't
                 is
                 a
                 transparent
                 body
                 ,
                 or
                 rather
                 in
                 their
                 ranks
                 or
                 rows
                 ,
                 may
                 facilitate
                 the
                 Perviousness
                 we
                 above
                 observ'd
                 in
                 Glass
                 ,
                 and
                 to
                 conclude
                 from
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Experiments
                 ,
                 that
                 ponderable
                 parts
                 of
                 Flame
                 will
                 be
                 able
                 as
                 well
                 to
                 pass
                 through
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 Metalline
                 vessels
                 as
                 those
                 of
                 Glass
                 .
                 For
                 though
                 ,
                 with
                 a
                 silver
                 vessel
                 ,
                 made
                 merely
                 of
                 plate
                 without
                 Soder
                 ,
                 I
                 made
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 Tryals
                 (
                 of
                 which
                 you
                 may
                 command
                 an
                 account
                 )
                 in
                 order
                 to
                 the
                 resolving
                 of
                 these
                 doubts
                 ;
                 yet
                 by
                 an
                 accident
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 were
                 not
                 a
                 surprizing
                 one
                 ,
                 was
                 unlucky
                 enough
                 to
                 defeat
                 my
                 endeavours
                 ,
                 I
                 was
                 kept
                 ,
                 for
                 want
                 of
                 fit
                 Accommodations
                 ,
                 from
                 bringing
                 my
                 intended
                 tryals
                 to
                 an
                 issue
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 now
                 having
                 endeavour'd
                 by
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Advertisements
                 to
                 prevent
                 the
                 having
                 unsafe
                 Consequences
                 
                 drawn
                 from
                 our
                 Experiments
                 ;
                 it
                 remains
                 that
                 I
                 briefly
                 point
                 at
                 three
                 our
                 four
                 Corollaries
                 that
                 may
                 more
                 warily
                 be
                 deduc'd
                 from
                 them
                 .
                 To
                 which
                 ,
                 if
                 I
                 get
                 time
                 ,
                 I
                 may
                 subjoyn
                 a
                 hint
                 or
                 two
                 about
                 further
                 Inquiries
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 COROLLARY
                 I.
                 
              
               
                 Confirming
                 this
                 PARADOX
                 ,
                 That
                 Flame
                 may
                 act
                 as
                 a
                 Menstruum
                 ,
                 and
                 make
                 Coalitions
                 with
                 the
                 Bodies
                 it
                 works
                 on
                 .
              
               
                 THE
                 Experiments
                 ,
                 we
                 have
                 made
                 and
                 recited
                 of
                 the
                 premeating
                 of
                 Flame
                 (
                 as
                 to
                 some
                 of
                 its
                 parts
                 )
                 through
                 Glass-vessels
                 ,
                 and
                 of
                 its
                 working
                 on
                 included
                 Metals
                 ,
                 may
                 much
                 confirm
                 the
                 Paradox
                 I
                 have
                 elsewhere
                 propos'd
                 ,
                 That
                 Flame
                 may
                 be
                 a
                 Menstruum
                 ,
                 and
                 work
                 on
                 some
                 Bodies
                 at
                 the
                 rate
                 of
                 being
                 so
                 ;
                 I
                 mean
                 not
                 only
                 by
                 making
                 a
                 notable
                 Comminution
                 and
                 Dissipation
                 of
                 the
                 parts
                 ,
                 
                 but
                 by
                 a
                 Coalition
                 of
                 its
                 own
                 particles
                 with
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 fretted
                 Body
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 permanently
                 adding
                 Substance
                 and
                 Weight
                 to
                 them
                 .
                 Nor
                 is
                 it
                 repugnant
                 to
                 Flames
                 ,
                 being
                 a
                 Menstruum
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 our
                 experiment
                 the
                 Lead
                 and
                 Tin
                 ,
                 expos'd
                 to
                 it
                 ,
                 were
                 but
                 reduc'd
                 to
                 powder
                 ,
                 and
                 not
                 dissolv'd
                 in
                 the
                 form
                 of
                 a
                 Liquor
                 ,
                 and
                 kept
                 in
                 that
                 state
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 besides
                 that
                 the
                 interpos'd
                 Glass
                 hinder'd
                 the
                 Igneous
                 particles
                 from
                 getting
                 through
                 in
                 plenty
                 enough
                 ;
                 I
                 consider
                 ,
                 that
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 necessary
                 ,
                 that
                 all
                 Menstruums
                 should
                 be
                 such
                 Solvents
                 ,
                 as
                 the
                 objection
                 supposes
                 .
                 For
                 whether
                 it
                 be
                 (
                 as
                 I
                 have
                 sometimes
                 suspected
                 ,
                 )
                 that
                 Menstruums
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 think
                 simple
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 compounded
                 of
                 very
                 differing
                 parts
                 ,
                 whereof
                 one
                 may
                 precipitate
                 what
                 is
                 dissolved
                 by
                 the
                 other
                 ;
                 or
                 for
                 some
                 other
                 Cause
                 ,
                 I
                 have
                 not
                 now
                 time
                 to
                 discuss
                 .
                 Certain
                 it
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 some
                 Menstruums
                 corrode
                 Metals
                 and
                 other
                 Bodies
                 without
                 keeping
                 dissolved
                 all
                 ,
                 or
                 perhaps
                 any
                 considerable
                 part
                 ;
                 as
                 may
                 be
                 seen
                 ,
                 if
                 you
                 put
                 Tin
                 
                 in
                 a
                 certain
                 quantity
                 of
                 
                   Aqua
                   fortis
                
                 ,
                 which
                 will
                 in
                 a
                 very
                 short
                 time
                 reduce
                 it
                 almost
                 totally
                 to
                 a
                 very
                 white
                 substance
                 ,
                 which
                 ,
                 when
                 dry
                 ,
                 is
                 a
                 kind
                 of
                 Calx
                 .
                 And
                 so
                 by
                 a
                 due
                 proportion
                 of
                 Oyl
                 of
                 Vitriol
                 ,
                 abstracted
                 from
                 Quicksilver
                 by
                 a
                 strong
                 fire
                 ,
                 we
                 have
                 divers
                 times
                 reduc'd
                 the
                 main
                 body
                 of
                 the
                 Mercury
                 into
                 a
                 white
                 powder
                 ,
                 whereof
                 but
                 an
                 inconsiderable
                 part
                 would
                 be
                 dissoluble
                 in
                 water
                 .
                 And
                 such
                 a
                 white
                 Calx
                 I
                 have
                 had
                 by
                 the
                 action
                 of
                 another
                 fretting
                 Liquor
                 on
                 a
                 Body
                 not
                 Metalline
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 having
                 thus
                 clear'd
                 our
                 Paradox
                 of
                 the
                 oppos'd
                 Difficulty
                 ,
                 my
                 haste
                 would
                 immediately
                 carry
                 me
                 on
                 to
                 the
                 next
                 Corollary
                 ,
                 were
                 it
                 not
                 ,
                 that
                 there
                 is
                 one
                 Phaenomenon
                 belonging
                 to
                 this
                 place
                 that
                 deserves
                 to
                 be
                 taken
                 notice
                 of
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 whether
                 it
                 be
                 ,
                 as
                 seems
                 probable
                 ,
                 from
                 the
                 vehement
                 agitation
                 of
                 the
                 permeating
                 particles
                 of
                 Flame
                 ,
                 that
                 violently
                 tear
                 asunder
                 the
                 Metalline
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 or
                 from
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 the
                 Igneous
                 Menstruum
                 ,
                 (
                 which
                 being
                 as
                 't
                 were
                 percolated
                 
                 through
                 Glass
                 it self
                 ,
                 must
                 be
                 strangely
                 minute
                 ,
                 )
                 't
                 is
                 worth
                 observing
                 ,
                 how
                 small
                 a
                 proportion
                 ,
                 in
                 point
                 of
                 weight
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 additional
                 adhering
                 Body
                 may
                 serve
                 to
                 corrode
                 a
                 Metal
                 ,
                 in
                 comparison
                 of
                 the
                 Quantity
                 of
                 vulgar
                 Menstruums
                 that
                 is
                 requisite
                 for
                 that
                 purpose
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 whereas
                 we
                 are
                 oblig'd
                 to
                 imploy
                 ,
                 to
                 the
                 making
                 the
                 solution
                 of
                 crude
                 Lead
                 ,
                 several
                 times
                 its
                 weight
                 of
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Vinegar
                 ,
                 and
                 (
                 though
                 not
                 so
                 many
                 times
                 )
                 even
                 of
                 
                   Aqua
                   fortis
                
                 ,
                 't
                 was
                 observ'd
                 in
                 our
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 Lead
                 was
                 increas'd
                 but
                 six
                 grains
                 in
                 weight
                 ,
                 yet
                 above
                 six
                 score
                 of
                 it
                 were
                 fretted
                 into
                 powder
                 ,
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 Corrosive
                 Body
                 appear'd
                 to
                 be
                 but
                 about
                 the
                 twentieth
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 corroded
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 COROLL
                 .
                 II.
                 
              
               
                 Proposing
                 a
                 PARADOX
                 about
                 Calcination
                 and
                 Calces
                 .
              
               
                 Another
                 Consequence
                 ,
                 deducible
                 from
                 our
                 discovery
                 of
                 the
                 perviousness
                 
                 of
                 Glass
                 to
                 Flame
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 this
                 ;
                 That
                 there
                 is
                 cause
                 to
                 question
                 the
                 Truth
                 of
                 what
                 is
                 generally
                 taken
                 for
                 granted
                 about
                 Calcination
                 ,
                 and
                 particularly
                 of
                 the
                 notion
                 ,
                 that
                 not
                 only
                 others
                 ,
                 but
                 Chymists
                 themselves
                 ,
                 have
                 entertain'd
                 about
                 the
                 Calces
                 of
                 Metals
                 and
                 Minerals
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 whereas
                 't
                 is
                 commonly
                 suppos'd
                 ,
                 that
                 in
                 Calcination
                 the
                 greater
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 is
                 driven
                 away
                 ,
                 and
                 only
                 the
                 Earth
                 ,
                 to
                 which
                 Chymists
                 add
                 the
                 Fixt
                 Salt
                 ,
                 remains
                 behind
                 ;
                 and
                 whereas
                 even
                 Mechanical
                 Philosophers
                 ,
                 (
                 for
                 two
                 or
                 three
                 of
                 Them
                 have
                 taken
                 notice
                 of
                 Calcination
                 ,
                 )
                 are
                 of
                 opinion
                 ,
                 that
                 much
                 is
                 driven
                 away
                 by
                 the
                 violence
                 of
                 the
                 fire
                 ;
                 and
                 the
                 remaining
                 parts
                 by
                 being
                 depriv'd
                 of
                 their
                 more
                 radical
                 and
                 fixt
                 moisture
                 are
                 turn'd
                 into
                 dry
                 and
                 brittle
                 particles
                 :
                 Whereas
                 these
                 Notions
                 ,
                 
                   I
                   say
                
                 ,
                 are
                 entertain'd
                 about
                 Calcination
                 ,
                 it
                 seems
                 ,
                 that
                 they
                 are
                 not
                 well
                 fram'd
                 ,
                 and
                 do
                 not
                 universally
                 hold
                 ;
                 since
                 ,
                 at
                 least
                 they
                 are
                 not
                 applicable
                 to
                 the
                 Metals
                 ,
                 our
                 Experiments
                 were
                 made
                 on
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 it
                 
                   does
                   not
                
                 appear
                 
                 by
                 our
                 Tryals
                 ,
                 that
                 any
                 proportion
                 ,
                 worth
                 regarding
                 ,
                 of
                 moist
                 and
                 fugitive
                 parts
                 was
                 expell'd
                 in
                 the
                 Calcination
                 ;
                 but
                 it
                 does
                 appear
                 very
                 plainly
                 ,
                 that
                 by
                 this
                 Operation
                 the
                 Metals
                 gain'd
                 more
                 weight
                 than
                 they
                 lost
                 ;
                 so
                 that
                 the
                 main
                 body
                 of
                 the
                 Metal
                 remain'd
                 intire
                 ,
                 and
                 was
                 far
                 from
                 being
                 ,
                 either
                 as
                 a
                 Peripatetick
                 would
                 think
                 ,
                 Elementary
                 Earth
                 ,
                 or
                 a
                 compound
                 of
                 Earth
                 and
                 Fixt
                 Salt
                 ,
                 as
                 Chymists
                 commonly
                 suppose
                 the
                 Calx
                 of
                 Lead
                 to
                 be
                 .
                 From
                 which
                 very
                 erroneous
                 Hypothesis
                 they
                 are
                 wont
                 to
                 inferr
                 the
                 sweet
                 Vitriol
                 of
                 Lead
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 call
                 
                   Saccharum
                   Saturni
                
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 but
                 the
                 sweet
                 Salt
                 of
                 it
                 extracted
                 only
                 by
                 the
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Vinegar
                 ,
                 which
                 does
                 indeed
                 plentifully
                 enough
                 concurr
                 to
                 compose
                 it
                 .
                 Whence
                 I
                 conclude
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 Calx
                 of
                 a
                 Metal
                 even
                 made
                 (
                 as
                 they
                 speak
                 )
                 
                   per
                   se
                
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 ,
                 by
                 fire
                 without
                 additament
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 ,
                 at
                 least
                 in
                 some
                 cases
                 ,
                 not
                 the
                 
                   Caput
                   mortuum
                
                 ,
                 or
                 
                   Terra
                   damnata
                
                 ,
                 but
                 a
                 Magistery
                 of
                 it
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 in
                 the
                 sense
                 of
                 the
                 most
                 intelligible
                 of
                 the
                 Chymical
                 Writers
                 ,
                 that
                 is
                 
                 properly
                 a
                 Magistery
                 wherein
                 the
                 Principles
                 are
                 not
                 separated
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 bulk
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 being
                 preserved
                 ,
                 it
                 acquires
                 a
                 new
                 and
                 convenient
                 form
                 by
                 the
                 addition
                 of
                 the
                 Menstruum
                 or
                 Solvent
                 imployed
                 about
                 the
                 preparation
                 .
                 And
                 ,
                 not
                 here
                 to
                 borrow
                 any
                 Argument
                 from
                 my
                 Notes
                 about
                 particular
                 Qualities
                 ,
                 you
                 may
                 guess
                 ,
                 how
                 true
                 it
                 is
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 greatest
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 ,
                 or
                 all
                 the
                 radical
                 moisture
                 is
                 expell'd
                 in
                 Calcination
                 ,
                 which
                 therefore
                 turns
                 the
                 Metal
                 into
                 an
                 arid
                 unfusible
                 powder
                 ;
                 by
                 this
                 ,
                 That
                 I
                 have
                 several
                 times
                 from
                 Calx
                 of
                 Lead
                 reduc'd
                 corporal
                 Lead
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 remember
                 ,
                 that
                 having
                 taken
                 what
                 I
                 guess'd
                 to
                 be
                 but
                 about
                 a
                 third
                 or
                 fourth
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Calx
                 of
                 Lead
                 ,
                 produc'd
                 by
                 the
                 third
                 Experiment
                 ;
                 I
                 found
                 by
                 a
                 tryal
                 purposely
                 devis'd
                 ,
                 that
                 without
                 any
                 Flux-powder
                 or
                 any
                 additament
                 ,
                 but
                 meerly
                 by
                 the
                 application
                 of
                 the
                 Flame
                 of
                 highly
                 Rectified
                 Spirit
                 of
                 Wine
                 ,
                 there
                 could
                 in
                 a
                 short
                 time
                 be
                 obtain'd
                 a
                 considerable
                 proportion
                 of
                 malleable
                 Lead
                 ;
                 
                 whereof
                 the
                 part
                 I
                 had
                 the
                 Curiosity
                 to
                 examine
                 ,
                 was
                 true
                 malleable
                 Lead
                 ;
                 so
                 little
                 was
                 the
                 arid
                 powder
                 ,
                 whence
                 this
                 was
                 reduc'd
                 ,
                 depriv'd
                 by
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Calcination
                 of
                 the
                 suppo'sd
                 radical
                 moisture
                 requisite
                 to
                 a
                 Metal
                 .
                 The
                 Consideration
                 of
                 what
                 may
                 be
                 drawn
                 from
                 this
                 Reduction
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 the
                 Doctrine
                 of
                 Qualities
                 belongs
                 not
                 to
                 this
                 place
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 COROLL
                 .
                 III.
                 
              
               
                 One
                 use
                 ,
                 among
                 the
                 rest
                 ,
                 we
                 may
                 make
                 ,
                 by
                 way
                 of
                 Corollary
                 ,
                 of
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Discovery
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 in
                 reference
                 to
                 a
                 Controversie
                 warmly
                 agitated
                 among
                 the
                 Corpuscular
                 Philosophers
                 themselves
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 some
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 that
                 follow
                 the
                 Epicurean
                 or
                 
                   Atomical
                   Hypothesis
                
                 ,
                 think
                 ,
                 that
                 when
                 Bodies
                 are
                 expos'd
                 in
                 close
                 vessels
                 to
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 though
                 the
                 Igneous
                 Corpuscles
                 do
                 not
                 stay
                 with
                 the
                 Bodies
                 they
                 invade
                 ,
                 yet
                 they
                 really
                 get
                 through
                 the
                 Pores
                 of
                 the
                 interpos'd
                 Vessels
                 ,
                 and
                 permeate
                 the
                 included
                 
                 Bodies
                 in
                 their
                 passage
                 upwards
                 ;
                 whereas
                 others
                 ,
                 especially
                 favourers
                 of
                 the
                 Cartesian
                 Doctrine
                 ,
                 will
                 not
                 allow
                 the
                 Atomists
                 Igneous
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 which
                 they
                 take
                 to
                 be
                 but
                 vehemently
                 agitated
                 particles
                 of
                 Terrestrial
                 matter
                 ,
                 to
                 penetrate
                 such
                 minute
                 pores
                 as
                 those
                 of
                 Glass
                 ;
                 but
                 do
                 suppose
                 the
                 operation
                 of
                 the
                 fire
                 to
                 be
                 perform'd
                 by
                 the
                 vehement
                 agitation
                 made
                 of
                 the
                 small
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 and
                 by
                 them
                 propagated
                 to
                 the
                 included
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 whose
                 particles
                 by
                 this
                 violent
                 Commotion
                 are
                 notably
                 alter'd
                 ,
                 and
                 receive
                 new
                 Textures
                 ,
                 or
                 other
                 modifications
                 .
              
               
                 But
                 our
                 Experiments
                 inform
                 us
                 ,
                 that
                 ,
                 though
                 neither
                 of
                 the
                 two
                 Opinions
                 seems
                 fit
                 to
                 be
                 despised
                 ,
                 yet
                 neither
                 seems
                 to
                 have
                 hit
                 the
                 very
                 mark
                 ;
                 though
                 the
                 
                   Epicurean
                   Hypothesis
                
                 comprize
                 somewhat
                 more
                 of
                 the
                 Truth
                 than
                 the
                 other
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 though
                 it
                 be
                 not
                 improbable
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 brisk
                 agitation
                 communicated
                 by
                 the
                 small
                 parts
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 to
                 those
                 of
                 the
                 Body
                 contain'd
                 in
                 it
                 ,
                 may
                 contribute
                 much
                 
                 to
                 the
                 effect
                 of
                 the
                 fire
                 ;
                 and
                 though
                 ,
                 by
                 the
                 small
                 increment
                 of
                 weight
                 ,
                 we
                 found
                 in
                 our
                 expos'd
                 Metal
                 ,
                 't
                 is
                 very
                 likely
                 ,
                 that
                 far
                 the
                 greater
                 part
                 of
                 the
                 Flame
                 was
                 excluded
                 by
                 the
                 close
                 Texture
                 of
                 the
                 Glass
                 ;
                 yet
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 't
                 is
                 plain
                 ,
                 that
                 Igneous
                 particles
                 were
                 trajected
                 through
                 the
                 Glass
                 ,
                 which
                 agrees
                 with
                 the
                 Epicureans
                 ;
                 and
                 they
                 ,
                 on
                 the
                 other
                 side
                 ,
                 mistook
                 ,
                 in
                 thinking
                 that
                 they
                 did
                 but
                 pass
                 through
                 ,
                 and
                 divide
                 and
                 agitate
                 the
                 included
                 Bodies
                 ;
                 to
                 which
                 nevertheless
                 our
                 Experiments
                 shew
                 ,
                 that
                 enough
                 of
                 them
                 ,
                 to
                 be
                 manifestly
                 ponderable
                 ,
                 did
                 permanently
                 adhere
                 .
              
               
                 Whether
                 these
                 Igneous
                 Corpuscles
                 do
                 stick
                 after
                 the
                 like
                 manner
                 to
                 the
                 parts
                 of
                 meat
                 ,
                 drest
                 by
                 the
                 help
                 of
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 and
                 especially
                 roast-meat
                 ,
                 which
                 is
                 more
                 immediately
                 expos'd
                 to
                 the
                 action
                 of
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 may
                 be
                 a
                 question
                 ,
                 which
                 I
                 shall
                 now
                 leave
                 undiscuss'd
                 ,
                 because
                 I
                 think
                 it
                 difficult
                 to
                 be
                 determin'd
                 ,
                 though
                 otherwise
                 it
                 seems
                 worthy
                 to
                 be
                 consider'd
                 ,
                 in
                 regard
                 it
                 may
                 concern
                 mens
                 Health
                 ,
                 
                 to
                 know
                 ,
                 whether
                 the
                 Coction
                 of
                 meat
                 be
                 made
                 by
                 the
                 fire
                 ,
                 only
                 as
                 't
                 is
                 a
                 very
                 hot
                 body
                 ,
                 or
                 whether
                 it
                 permanently
                 communicates
                 any
                 thing
                 of
                 its
                 substance
                 to
                 the
                 meat
                 expos'd
                 to
                 it
                 :
                 In
                 which
                 (
                 last
                 )
                 case
                 it
                 may
                 be
                 suspected
                 ,
                 that
                 not
                 only
                 the
                 degree
                 and
                 manner
                 of
                 application
                 of
                 a
                 fire
                 ,
                 but
                 the
                 nature
                 of
                 its
                 fuel
                 may
                 be
                 fit
                 to
                 be
                 consider'd
                 .
              
            
             
               
                 COROLL
                 .
                 IV.
                 
              
               
                 The
                 Experiments
                 above
                 recited
                 give
                 us
                 this
                 further
                 Information
                 ,
                 That
                 Bodies
                 very
                 spirituous
                 ,
                 fugitive
                 ,
                 and
                 minute
                 ,
                 may
                 ,
                 by
                 being
                 associated
                 with
                 congruous
                 particles
                 ,
                 though
                 of
                 quite
                 another
                 nature
                 ,
                 so
                 change
                 their
                 former
                 Qualities
                 ,
                 as
                 to
                 be
                 arrested
                 ,
                 by
                 a
                 solid
                 and
                 ponderous
                 Body
                 ,
                 to
                 that
                 degree
                 ,
                 as
                 not
                 to
                 be
                 driven
                 away
                 from
                 it
                 by
                 a
                 fire
                 intense
                 enough
                 to
                 melt
                 and
                 calcine
                 Metals
                 .
              
               
                 For
                 ,
                 the
                 foregoing
                 Tryals
                 (
                 taking
                 in
                 what
                 I
                 *
                 lately
                 deliver'd
                 of
                 the
                 lessen'd
                 specifick
                 Gravity
                 of
                 calcin'd
                 Lead
                 )
                 
                 seems
                 plainly
                 enough
                 to
                 discover
                 ,
                 that
                 even
                 the
                 agitated
                 parts
                 of
                 flame
                 ,
                 minute
                 enough
                 to
                 pass
                 through
                 the
                 pores
                 of
                 Glass
                 it self
                 ,
                 were
                 as
                 't
                 were
                 entangled
                 among
                 the
                 metalline
                 particles
                 of
                 Tin
                 and
                 Lead
                 ,
                 and
                 thereby
                 brought
                 to
                 be
                 fixt
                 enough
                 to
                 endure
                 the
                 Heat
                 that
                 kept
                 those
                 Metals
                 in
                 fusion
                 ,
                 and
                 little
                 by
                 little
                 reduc'd
                 them
                 into
                 calces
                 :
                 Which
                 is
                 a
                 Phaenomenon
                 that
                 one
                 would
                 not
                 easily
                 look
                 for
                 ,
                 especially
                 considering
                 how
                 simple
                 a
                 Texture
                 that
                 of
                 Lead
                 or
                 Tin
                 may
                 be
                 suppos'd
                 to
                 be
                 in
                 comparison
                 of
                 the
                 more
                 elaborate
                 structures
                 of
                 very
                 many
                 other
                 Bodies
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 Phaenomenon
                 ,
                 which
                 shews
                 us
                 ,
                 what
                 light
                 and
                 fugitive
                 particles
                 of
                 matter
                 may
                 permanently
                 concurr
                 to
                 the
                 Composition
                 of
                 Bodies
                 ponderous
                 and
                 fixt
                 enough
                 ,
                 may
                 perchance
                 afford
                 useful
                 hints
                 to
                 the
                 Speculative
                 ;
                 especially
                 if
                 this
                 strict
                 Combination
                 of
                 spirituous
                 and
                 fugitive
                 substance
                 with
                 such
                 ,
                 as
                 being
                 gross
                 or
                 unwieldy
                 ,
                 are
                 less
                 fit
                 than
                 organiz'd
                 matter
                 to
                 entangle
                 or
                 detain
                 them
                 ,
                 be
                 applied
                 ,
                 (
                 as
                 it
                 
                 may
                 be
                 with
                 advantage
                 )
                 to
                 those
                 aggregates
                 of
                 spirituous
                 Corpuscles
                 ,
                 and
                 organical
                 Parts
                 ,
                 that
                 make
                 up
                 the
                 Bodies
                 of
                 Plants
                 and
                 Animals
                 .
                 And
                 this
                 hint
                 may
                 suggest
                 a
                 main
                 Inference
                 to
                 be
                 drawn
                 from
                 the
                 Operations
                 of
                 the
                 Sun-beams
                 on
                 appropriated
                 subjects
                 ,
                 supposing
                 it
                 to
                 prove
                 like
                 that
                 of
                 flame
                 on
                 Tin
                 and
                 Lead
                 .
              
               
                 And
                 now
                 having
                 dispatch'd
                 our
                 COROLLARIES
                 ,
                 we
                 might
                 here
                 inquire
                 ,
                 Whether
                 all
                 the
                 particles
                 of
                 Fire
                 and
                 Flame
                 ,
                 that
                 are
                 subtile
                 and
                 agitated
                 enough
                 to
                 penetrate
                 Glass
                 ,
                 and
                 fasten
                 themselves
                 to
                 included
                 Bodies
                 ,
                 be
                 reduc'd
                 by
                 Ignition
                 to
                 the
                 same
                 nature
                 ,
                 or
                 else
                 retain
                 somewhat
                 of
                 their
                 proper
                 Qualities
                 ?
                 Which
                 Inquiry
                 I
                 have
                 some
                 cause
                 not
                 to
                 think
                 so
                 undeterminable
                 ,
                 as
                 at
                 first
                 blush
                 it
                 may
                 appear
                 .
                 For
                 ,
                 
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   ways
                
                 ,
                 that
                 may
                 be
                 propos'd
                 for
                 this
                 Examen
                 ,
                 is
                 already
                 intimated
                 at
                 the
                 close
                 of
                 the
                 third
                 Experiment
                 ,
                 which
                 shews
                 ,
                 that
                 we
                 may
                 compare
                 the
                 specifick
                 Gravity
                 of
                 the
                 Calces
                 of
                 the
                 
                 same
                 Metal
                 ,
                 made
                 in
                 Glasses
                 by
                 the
                 operation
                 of
                 Flames
                 ;
                 whose
                 fuels
                 are
                 of
                 very
                 differing
                 Natures
                 .
                 And
                 I
                 said
                 ,
                 
                   one
                   of
                   the
                   ways
                
                 ,
                 because
                 't
                 is
                 not
                 the
                 only
                 way
                 I
                 could
                 name
                 ,
                 and
                 have
                 partly
                 tryed
                 .
                 But
                 though
                 I
                 might
                 say
                 more
                 concerning
                 Expedients
                 of
                 this
                 kind
                 ,
                 and
                 could
                 perhaps
                 propound
                 other
                 Inquiries
                 that
                 may
                 reasonably
                 enough
                 be
                 grounded
                 upon
                 the
                 hitherto
                 recited
                 Phaenomena
                 (
                 and
                 those
                 of
                 some
                 other
                 like
                 tryals
                 ,
                 )
                 yet
                 I
                 must
                 not
                 unseasonably
                 forget
                 ,
                 that
                 the
                 pursuit
                 of
                 such
                 Disquisitions
                 would
                 lead
                 me
                 much
                 farther
                 than
                 I
                 have
                 now
                 the
                 leisure
                 to
                 follow
                 it
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               ERRATA
               .
            
             
               
                 Pag.
                 44.
                 l.
                 19.
                 r.
              
               some
               Metals
               work
               ;
               
                 pag.
                 1.
                 in
                 the
                 Discourse
              
               about
               the
               Determinate
               Nature
               of
               Effluviums
               ,
               
                 add
                 the
                 name
                 of
                 the
                 Author
                 ,
                 viz.
              
               By
               the
               Honorable
               
                 ROBERT
                 BOYLE
              
               .
            
             
               FINIS
               .
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           The
           Printer
           to
           the
           Reader
           .
        
         
           IT
           hath
           been
           thought
           ,
           it
           might
           be
           the
           Interest
           of
           the
           Reader
           ,
           especially
           Foreiners
           ,
           to
           be
           advertised
           ,
           That
           these
           Essays
           are
           already
           Translating
           into
           Latin
           ,
           and
           beginning
           also
           to
           be
           printed
           in
           that
           Language
           ;
           which
           that
           it
           may
           duly
           be
           done
           ,
           both
           as
           to
           this
           and
           the
           Author
           's
           other
           Writings
           ,
           to
           be
           publisht
           for
           the
           future
           ,
           the
           greater
           care
           will
           be
           taken
           here
           ,
           because
           it
           hath
           been
           several
           times
           found
           both
           at
           home
           and
           elsewhere
           ,
           that
           the
           Versions
           made
           of
           them
           abroad
           ,
           and
           not
           in
           the
           place
           ,
           where
           in
           case
           of
           any
           difficulty
           the
           Author
           may
           be
           consulted
           with
           by
           the
           
             Latin
             Interpreters
          
           ,
           are
           often
           very
           defective
           ,
           and
           not
           seldom
           injurious
           to
           the
           sense
           he
           hath
           deliver'd
           them
           in
           .
           Which
           being
           consider'd
           by
           those
           that
           desire
           to
           know
           the
           genuine
           sense
           of
           the
           Author
           ,
           't
           is
           presumed
           ,
           they
           will
           rather
           choose
           those
           Versions
           ,
           which
           are
           made
           by
           persons
           that
           have
           that
           advantage
           of
           comsulting
           him
           in
           any
           case
           of
           doubt
           ,
           than
           
           such
           as
           shall
           mis-inform
           them
           ;
           notwithstanding
           the
           pretence
           of
           a
           cheaper
           rate
           of
           the
           Book
           .
        
         
           Which
           being
           thus
           advertised
           ,
           the
           Printer
           taketh
           this
           opportunity
           of
           farther
           acquainting
           the
           Reader
           from
           the
           
             Latin
             Interpreter
          
           ,
           that
           these
           Essays
           ,
           to
           his
           knowledge
           ,
           were
           ready
           and
           in
           the
           Press
           several
           Months
           before
           Dr.
           Bartholin's
           
             Acta
             Philosophica
             &
             Medica
          
           appear'd
           in
           England
           ,
           in
           which
           there
           are
           two
           or
           three
           passages
           that
           may
           seem
           of
           affinity
           with
           some
           to
           be
           met
           with
           in
           the
           latter
           part
           of
           the
           Papers
           about
           Experiments
           of
           
             Arresting
             the
             parts
             of
             Flame
          
           ,
           and
           of
           
             making
             them
             Ponderable
          
           .
        
      
       
         
         
           A
           Catalogue
           of
           the
           Writings
           Publisht
           by
           The
           Honorable
           ROBERT
           BOYLE
           .
        
         
           
             1.
             
             SEraphick
             Love.
             London
             ,
             for
             
               Henry
               Herringman
            
             ,
             1660.
             in
             8o.
          
           
             2.
             
             New
             Experiments
             Physico-Mechanical
             ,
             touching
             the
             Spring
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             and
             its
             Effects
             .
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             
               Thomas
               Robinson
               ,
               1660.
            
             in
             8o.
             In
             Latin
             :
             Oxford
             ;
             for
             the
             same
             ,
             1661.
             in
             8o.
          
           
             3.
             
             Certain
             Physiological
             Essays
             ;
             to
             which
             is
             added
             ,
             The
             Physico-Chymical
             Essay
             about
             the
             Differing
             parts
             ,
             and
             Redintegration
             of
             Salt-peter
             ;
             as
             also
             ,
             the
             History
             of
             Fluidity
             and
             Firmness
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               Henry
               Herringman
               ,
               1661.
            
             in
             4o.
             In
             Latin
             ;
             London
             ,
             by
             the
             same
             ,
             1661.
             in
             4o.
          
           
             4.
             
             Some
             Considerations
             touching
             the
             Style
             of
             the
             H.
             Scriptures
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               H.
               Herringman
               ,
               1661.
            
             in
             8o.
          
           
             5.
             
             The
             Sceptical
             Chymist
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               John
               Crook
            
             ,
             1661.
             in
             8o.
             In
             Latin
             ;
             London
             ,
             for
             the
             same
             ,
             in
             8o.
             1662.
             
          
           
             6.
             
             A
             Defence
             of
             the
             Doctrine
             touching
             the
             Spring
             and
             Weight
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             against
             the
             
             Objections
             of
             
               Franciscus
               Linus
               .
               London
            
             ,
             for
             
               Tho.
               Robinson
            
             ,
             1662.
             in
             4o.
          
           
             7.
             
             An
             Examen
             of
             Mr.
             Hobbes
             his
             
               Dialologus
               Physicus
               de
               Natura
               Aeris
            
             ;
             with
             an
             Appendix
             touching
             Mr.
             Hobbes
             his
             Doctrine
             of
             Fluidity
             and
             Firmness
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               Tho.
               Robinson
            
             ,
             1662.
             in
             4o.
          
           
             8.
             
             Vsefulness
             of
             Experimental
             Philosophy
             .
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             
               Rich.
               Davies
            
             ,
             1663.
             in
             4o.
          
           
             9.
             
             Experimental
             History
             of
             Colours
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               H.
               Herringman
            
             ,
             1664.
             in
             8o.
             In
             Latin
             :
             London
             ,
             for
             the
             same
             ,
             1665.
             in
             12o.
          
           
             10.
             
             History
             of
             Cold.
             To
             which
             is
             added
             ,
             an
             Examen
             of
             Antiperistasis
             ,
             and
             of
             Mr.
             Hobbes
             his
             Doctrine
             of
             Cold.
             London
             ,
             for
             
               John
               Crook
            
             ,
             1665.
             in
             8o.
          
           
             11.
             
             Hydrostatical
             Paradoxes
             .
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             
               Rich.
               Davies
            
             ,
             1666.
             in
             8o.
             In
             Latin
             ;
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             the
             same
             ,
             1669.
             in
             12o.
          
           
             12.
             
             Origine
             of
             Forms
             and
             Qualities
             .
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             
               Rich.
               Davies
            
             ,
             1667.
             in
             8o.
             In
             Latin
             ;
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             the
             same
             ,
             1669.
             in
             12o.
          
           
             13.
             
             Free
             Considerations
             about
             Subordinate
             Forms
             .
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             
               Rich.
               Davies
            
             ,
             1667.
             in
             8o.
             In
             Latin
             ;
             Oxford
             ,
             1669.
             
          
           
             14.
             
             Continuation
             of
             New
             Experiments
             Physico-Mechanical
             touching
             the
             Spring
             and
             Weight
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             and
             the
             Atmosphere
             of
             Consistent
             
             Bodies
             .
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             
               Rich.
               Davies
               ,
               1669.
            
             in
             4o.
          
           
             15.
             
             Of
             the
             Absolute
             Rest
             of
             Solid
             Bodies
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               H.
               Herringman
            
             ,
             1669.
             in
             4o.
             In
             Latin
             ;
             London
             ,
             for
             the
             same
             ,
             1672.
             in
             12o.
          
           
             16.
             
             Several
             Tracts
             ;
             viz.
             An
             Introduction
             to
             the
             History
             of
             Particular
             Qualities
             :
             Of
             Cosmical
             Qualities
             and
             Suspitions
             :
             Of
             the
             Temperature
             of
             the
             Subterraneal
             and
             Submarine
             Regions
             :
             Of
             the
             bottom
             of
             the
             Sea.
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             
               Rich.
               Davies
            
             ,
             1671.
             in
             8o.
             In
             Latin
             ;
             London
             ,
             for
             the
             same
             ,
             1672.
             in
             12o.
          
           
             17.
             
             Small
             Tracts
             ;
             viz.
             Of
             a
             Discovery
             of
             the
             admirable
             Rarefaction
             of
             the
             Air
             ,
             even
             without
             Heat
             :
             New
             Observations
             about
             the
             Duration
             of
             the
             Spring
             of
             the
             Air
             :
             New
             Experiments
             touching
             the
             Condensation
             of
             the
             Air
             by
             meer
             Cold
             ,
             and
             its
             Compression
             without
             Mechanical
             Engins
             :
             The
             admirably
             Differing
             Extension
             of
             the
             same
             Quantity
             of
             Air
             rarified
             and
             compressed
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               H.
               Herringman
               ,
               1670.
            
             in
             4o.
             In
             Latin
             ;
             London
             ,
             for
             the
             same
             ,
             1670.
             in
             12o.
          
           
             18.
             
             Of
             the
             Vsefulness
             of
             Natural
             Philosophy
             ,
             Tom.
             2.
             
             Oxford
             ,
             for
             
               Rich.
               Davies
               ,
               1671.
            
             in
             4o.
          
           
             19.
             
             An
             Essay
             about
             the
             Origine
             and
             Virtue
             of
             Gems
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               Moses
               Pitt
            
             ,
             1672.
             in
             8o.
             In
             Latin
             ;
             London
             ,
             for
             the
             same
             ,
             1673.
             in
             12o.
          
           
             
             20.
             
             Several
             Tracts
             ,
             containing
             New
             Experiments
             touching
             the
             Relation
             betwixt
             Flame
             and
             Air
             ,
             and
             about
             Explosions
             :
             An
             Hydrostatical
             Discourse
             answering
             some
             Objections
             of
             Dr.
             
               Henry
               More
            
             :
             An
             Hydrostatical
             Letter
             ,
             dilucidating
             an
             Experiment
             about
             a
             way
             of
             weighing
             Water
             in
             Water
             :
             New
             Experiments
             of
             the
             Positive
             or
             Relative
             Levity
             of
             Bodies
             under
             Water
             :
             Of
             the
             Air
             's
             Spring
             on
             Bodies
             under
             Water
             :
             About
             the
             differing
             Pressure
             of
             Heavy
             Solids
             and
             Fluids
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               Rich.
               Davies
            
             ,
             1672.
             in
             8o.
          
           
             21.
             
             Essays
             ,
             of
             the
             strange
             Subtilty
             ,
             the
             great
             Efficacy
             ,
             and
             the
             Determinate
             Nature
             of
             Effluviums
             .
             To
             which
             are
             annext
             ,
             New
             Experiments
             to
             make
             Fire
             and
             Flame
             Ponderable
             ;
             together
             with
             a
             Discovery
             of
             the
             Perviousness
             of
             Glass
             .
             London
             ,
             for
             
               Moses
               Pitt
               ,
               1673.
            
             in
             8o.
          
           
             22.
             
             A
             Dialogue
             concerning
             the
             Positive
             or
             Privative
             nature
             of
             Cold
             ;
             by
             a
             
               Member
               of
               the
               R.
               Society
            
             :
             And
             a
             Discourse
             about
             the
             Saltness
             of
             the
             Sea
             ;
             and
             another
             of
             a
             Statical
             Hygroscope
             ;
             together
             with
             some
             Phaenomena
             of
             the
             force
             of
             the
             Air
             's
             Moisture
             .
             To
             which
             is
             added
             a
             Paradox
             about
             the
             Natural
             and
             Praeternatural
             State
             of
             Bodies
             ,
             especially
             the
             Air.
             London
             ,
             for
             
               Rich.
               Davies
            
             ,
             1673.
             in
             8o.
          
        
         
      
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A28965-e200
           
             And
             some
             that
             were
             publish'd
             An.
             1669.
             under
             the
             Title
             of
             
               The
               Atmospheres
               of
               consistent
               Bodies
            
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A28965-e600
           
             This
             Essay
             was
             designed
             to
             be
             but
             a
             part
             of
             the
             Author's
             Notes
             upon
             his
             Essay
             about
             Salt-peter
             .
          
           
             In
             a
             Paper
             about
             Improbable
             Truths
             .
          
           
             In
             some
             Papers
             about
             Flame
             .
          
           
             *
             A
             Discourse
             of
             Pores
             of
             Bodies
             ,
             and
             Figures
             of
             Corpuscles
             .
          
           
             *
             As
             Quercetanus
             ,
             Libavius
             ,
             Zabata
             ,
             Burggravius
             .
          
           
             **
             As
             Vidius
             ,
             Paraeus
             ,
             Caesalpinus
             ,
             &c.
             
          
           
             *
             Lib.
             6.
             
             Observ
             .
             22.
             
          
           
             *
             Lib.
             4.
             de
             Eeb.
             cap.
             3.
             
          
           
             *
             Libr.
             3.
             
             Con.
             17.
             
          
           
             *
             Lib.
             4.
             de
             Peste
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A28965-e3210
           
             *
             Of
             the
             Pores
             of
             Bodies
             ,
             and
             Figures
             of
             Corpuscles
             .
          
           
             *
             The
             Vsefulness
             of
             
               Experimental
               Philosophy
            
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A28965-e4530
           
             *
             Lib.
             1.
             
             Meteor
             .
             cap.
             3
             ,
             &
             4.
             
          
           
             *
             Cap.
             3.
             
             
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
               〈◊〉
            
             .
          
           
             *
             About
             Cosmical
             Suspitions
             .
          
           
             *
             Tract
             .
             de
             Peste
             ,
             lib.
             2.
             cap.
             3.
             
          
           
             *
             The
             Plague
             which
             here
             miserably
             rageth
             upon
             the
             first
             of
             the
             Flood
             doth
             instantly
             cease
             ;
             in
             so
             much
             as
             when
             five
             Hundred
             dye
             at
             Cayro
             the
             day
             before
             ,
             which
             is
             nothing
             rare
             ,
             (
             for
             the
             sound
             keep
             company
             with
             the
             sick
             ,
             holding
             Death
             fatal
             ,
             and
             ,
             to
             avoid
             them
             ,
             Irreligion
             ,
             )
             not
             one
             doth
             dye
             the
             day
             following
             ;
             
               says
               Mr.
            
             Sandys
             
               in
               his
               Travels
            
             ,
             Lib.
             2.
             
          
           
             *
             Mr.
             Sandys
             in
             the
             Book
             above-cited
             .
          
           
             *
             An
             Essay
             of
             
               Subterraneal
               Exhalations
            
             .
          
           
             *
             Agric.
             de
             Nat.
             eorum
             quae
             effluunt
             è
             Terra
             ,
             
               Lib.
               12.
               pag.
            
             236.
             
          
           
             *
             Agric.
             de
             Nat.
             eorum
             quae
             è
             Terra
             effluunt
             ,
             
               Lib.
               12.
               pag.
            
             263.
             
          
           
             *
             See
             the
             Essay
             of
             the
             Subtilty
             of
             Effluviums
             ,
             Chap.
             4.
             
          
           
             *
             Lib.
             6.
             parte
             7.
             cap.
             1.
             
          
           
             *
             In
             Explicatione
             Herbarum
             Biblicarum
             ,
             cap.
             2.
             
          
           
             *
             Libro
             3.
             
             Acutor
             .
             Morbor
             .
          
           
             *
             Sennert
             .
             Libr.
             6.
             part
             .
             6.
             cap.
             2.
             
          
           
             *
             The
             Liquor
             here
             mention'd
             is
             ,
             for
             the
             main
             ,
             the
             same
             with
             that
             describ'd
             by
             the
             Author
             in
             his
             Book
             of
             Colours
             ,
             Experiment
             the
             〈…〉
             
          
        
         
           Notes for div A28965-e7550
           
             *
             Essay
             the
             sixth
             of
             the
             Useful
             .
             of
             
               Nat.
               Philos
            
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A28965-e9840
           
             *
             Exp.
             III.
             N.
             B.
             2.
             
          
        
      
    
  

