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         Asgill, John, 1659-1738.
      
       
         
           1696
        
      
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         A25994
         Wing A3932
         ESTC R16480
         13618403
         ocm 13618403
         100812
         
           
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             Several assertations proved in order to create another species of money than gold and silver
             Asgill, John, 1659-1738.
          
           [2], 85 p.
           
             s.n.,
             [London :
             1696]
          
           
             Signed: J. Asgill, 1696.
             Place and date of publication from Wing.
             Reproduction of original in Library of Congress.
          
        
      
    
     
       
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           Coinage -- England -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
     
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           SEVERAL
           ASSERTIONS
           PROVED
           ,
           In
           Order
           to
           Create
           another
           Species
           of
           MONEY
           THAN
           GOLD
           AND
           SILVER
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         
         
         
           SEVERAL
           ASSERTIONS
           PROVED
           ,
           &c.
           
        
         
           
             First
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               there
               seemeth
               a
               Necessity
               of
               creating
               another
               Species
               of
               Money
               than
               Gold
               and
               Silver
               .
            
          
           
             BY
             Necessity
             I
             don't
             mean
             an
             absolute
             Necessity
             ,
             
             but
             such
             a
             Necessity
             that
             either
             this
             must
             be
             done
             ,
             or
             a
             worse
             thing
             will
             ensue
             for
             want
             of
             it
             .
             The
             past
             Contracts
             
             now
             depending
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             for
             payment
             of
             Moneys
             in
             Specie
             do
             far
             surmount
             all
             the
             Species
             of
             Money
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             and
             because
             Money
             is
             become
             more
             valuable
             than
             Bills
             of
             Credit
             ,
             therefore
             they
             that
             have
             the
             demands
             of
             it
             do
             and
             will
             demand
             it
             ;
             and
             the
             more
             they
             demand
             it
             ,
             the
             higher
             the
             price
             rises
             ,
             so
             that
             the
             price
             multiplies
             the
             demands
             ,
             and
             the
             demands
             advance
             the
             price
             ,
             which
             renders
             the
             performance
             of
             these
             past
             Contracts
             to
             be
             impossible
             :
             And
             thus
             the
             Kingdom
             stands
             Stock-jobbed
             ,
             by
             being
             obliged
             to
             deliver
             what
             they
             have
             not
             :
             And
             yet
             these
             Contracts
             (
             tho'
             they
             are
             impossible
             to
             be
             performed
             )
             are
             lawful
             ,
             for
             by
             the
             Law
             where
             the
             Condition
             of
             a
             Bond
             is
             impossible
             ,
             the
             Bond
             it self
             is
             absolute
             ,
             and
             the
             Obligee
             may
             sue
             for
             the
             Penalty
             ,
             and
             have
             Judgment
             ;
             
             and
             if
             (
             in
             this
             Case
             )
             the
             Plaintiffs
             happen
             to
             be
             more
             than
             the
             Defendants
             ,
             they
             may
             have
             Execution
             too
             ;
             but
             if
             the
             Defendants
             come
             to
             be
             more
             than
             the
             Plaintiffs
             ,
             there
             's
             an
             end
             of
             the
             Law.
             
          
           
             And
             notwithstanding
             that
             the
             whole
             Moneys
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             stand
             anticipated
             by
             the
             past
             Contracts
             ,
             the
             present
             Exigencies
             and
             the
             growing
             Contracts
             call
             for
             as
             much
             more
             ,
             and
             't
             is
             impossible
             to
             answer
             these
             Demands
             but
             by
             the
             Money
             due
             on
             the
             former
             Contracts
             ,
             taking
             it
             from
             whence
             't
             is
             already
             due
             ,
             and
             lending
             it
             to
             the
             present
             Wants
             ;
             and
             thus
             the
             Publick
             have
             had
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             their
             late
             Supplyes
             ,
             (
             which
             I
             don't
             observe
             as
             a
             misapplication
             of
             the
             Moneys
             ,
             (
             under
             our
             Necessities
             )
             but
             as
             an
             Evidence
             of
             our
             Necessities
             )
             
               Therefore
               for
               preserving
               the
               peace
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               ,
               in
               relation
               
               to
               the
               past
               Contracts
               ,
               and
               for
               raising
               the
               present
               and
               future
               Supplyes
               ,
               there
               doth
               seem
               a
               Necessity
               of
               creating
               another
               Species
               of
               Money
               than
               Gold
               and
               Silver
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Second
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               this
               Necessity
               is
               no
               Cause
               to
               discourage
               Proceedings
               in
               publick
               or
               private
               Affairs
               ,
               but
               rather
               to
               force
               us
               upon
               an
               Invention
               which
               otherwise
               we
               should
               not
               find
               out
               .
            
          
           
             
             All
             the
             Improvements
             in
             the
             World
             have
             been
             produced
             from
             the
             Necessities
             of
             Men
             ,
             putting
             them
             upon
             Invention
             ,
             according
             to
             that
             saying
             ,
             
               Venter
               largitor
               Artium
            
             :
             Shame
             invented
             our
             Cloathing
             ,
             Cold
             our
             Houses
             ,
             Hunger
             our
             
             Food
             ,
             Sickness
             our
             Physick
             ,
             and
             Rapine
             our
             Laws
             ;
             Laws
             necessitated
             Trade
             ,
             Trade
             necessitated
             Money
             ,
             and
             the
             multiplyed
             occasions
             for
             Money
             doth
             now
             put
             us
             upon
             a
             necessity
             of
             inventing
             another
             Species
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             therefore
             we
             must
             find
             it
             out
             .
             What
             if
             the
             Spaniards
             Mines
             were
             exhausted
             ,
             or
             the
             Laws
             of
             their
             Countrey
             (
             prohibiting
             the
             Exportation
             of
             them
             )
             observed
             ,
             must
             the
             whole
             World
             stand
             still
             ?
             As
             Silver
             and
             Gold
             were
             invented
             for
             Money
             ,
             when
             they
             were
             to
             be
             had
             ,
             so
             when
             we
             cann't
             have
             that
             ,
             we
             must
             invent
             something
             else
             (
             which
             may
             be
             had
             )
             instead
             of
             it
             .
             The
             whole
             World
             once
             lay
             open
             for
             Man
             and
             Beasts
             to
             be
             Tenants
             in
             common
             of
             it
             all
             ,
             but
             while
             it
             lay
             so
             ,
             it
             was
             incapable
             of
             improvement
             ,
             because
             no
             Man
             could
             preserve
             the
             benefit
             of
             his
             own
             Labour
             to
             himself
             ,
             
             and
             this
             forced
             men
             upon
             Agreements
             to
             inclose
             ,
             and
             that
             every
             Man
             should
             have
             a
             Property
             in
             his
             own
             Inclosure
             ,
             which
             was
             the
             first
             initiating
             of
             Laws
             ,
             and
             this
             Law
             forced
             Trade
             .
             For
             the
             Earth
             consisting
             of
             divers
             Veins
             ,
             of
             different
             qualities
             ,
             distant
             from
             one
             another
             ,
             one
             man
             came
             to
             have
             occasion
             of
             something
             which
             lay
             in
             (
             
               alieno
               solo
            
             )
             another
             man's
             Inclosure
             ,
             and
             so
             they
             exchanged
             with
             one
             another
             ;
             but
             the
             things
             exchanged
             not
             being
             always
             equal
             in
             value
             ,
             nor
             to
             be
             delivered
             at
             the
             same
             time
             and
             place
             ,
             put
             men
             upon
             an
             Invention
             of
             Pledges
             ,
             or
             security
             for
             the
             things
             delivered
             ,
             until
             the
             value
             thereof
             should
             be
             returned
             in
             another
             Commodity
             ;
             and
             these
             at
             first
             were
             but
             particular
             Tokens
             between
             one
             man
             and
             another
             ,
             'till
             by
             degrees
             Silver
             and
             Gold
             (
             having
             acquired
             a
             
             certain
             value
             from
             the
             uses
             made
             of
             it
             for
             other
             things
             )
             became
             the
             common
             pledge
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             and
             by
             further
             degrees
             the
             Values
             thereof
             came
             to
             be
             ascertained
             by
             Laws
             ,
             which
             hath
             advanced
             it
             to
             an
             extravagant
             price
             ,
             contrary
             to
             the
             original
             intention
             of
             it
             .
             The
             sole
             use
             of
             Money
             (
             as
             Money
             )
             is
             but
             to
             keep
             an
             Account
             of
             other
             things
             by
             ;
             it
             is
             a
             Tool
             in
             Trade
             found
             out
             by
             the
             Policy
             of
             Man
             ,
             and
             that
             it
             might
             not
             grow
             into
             any
             other
             use
             ,
             the
             first
             Law
             of
             the
             World
             (
             foreseeing
             the
             mischief
             )
             forbid
             those
             that
             had
             it
             ,
             from
             taking
             Interest
             for
             the
             Loan
             of
             it
             ,
             from
             any
             but
             those
             whom
             they
             designed
             to
             impoverish
             by
             it
             :
             But
             since
             this
             prohibited
             use
             of
             it
             hath
             advanced
             it
             above
             its
             original
             institution
             ,
             we
             must
             invent
             something
             else
             instead
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             they
             who
             had
             the
             first
             Occasions
             
             of
             Money
             did
             invent
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             :
             
               And
               therefore
               this
               Necessity
               is
               no
               Cause
               to
               discourage
               us
               from
               proceeding
               in
               publick
               or
               private
               Affairs
               ,
               but
               rather
               to
               force
               us
               upon
               an
               Invention
               which
               otherwise
               we
               should
               not
               find
               out
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Third
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               all
               Proposals
               for
               making
               Bills
               of
               Credit
               current
               Money
               directly
               ,
               by
               Act
               of
               Parliament
               ,
               can
               be
               of
               no
               use
               in
               this
               Invention
               .
            
          
           
             
             For
             ,
             1.
             
             
               These
               Proposals
               are
               Unjust
            
             ,
             being
             more
             than
             the
             Law
             doth
             in
             relation
             to
             the
             Coyns
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             The
             Law
             never
             makes
             the
             Coyns
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             to
             be
             current
             in
             any
             Payments
             but
             where
             they
             are
             agreed
             to
             be
             paid
             ,
             but
             these
             Proposals
             would
             make
             these
             
             Bills
             current
             in
             Payments
             ,
             in
             which
             they
             were
             never
             agreed
             for
             ,
             therefore
             they
             are
             unjust
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             
               They
               are
               Illegal
            
             :
             I
             mean
             ,
             they
             are
             an
             Inversion
             of
             Laws
             ,
             which
             the
             Legislative
             Power
             have
             no
             power
             to
             do
             ;
             their
             Name
             defines
             their
             power
             not
             to
             be
             absolute
             ,
             but
             only
             a
             power
             of
             making
             Laws
             ;
             and
             the
             intent
             of
             all
             Laws
             being
             for
             the
             preservation
             of
             Life
             and
             Property
             ,
             whatever
             violates
             this
             Intent
             ,
             is
             no
             Law.
             Should
             an
             Act
             pass
             ,
             that
             every
             Man
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             should
             kill
             himself
             ,
             or
             give
             his
             Estate
             to
             any
             one
             else
             that
             would
             do
             it
             for
             him
             ,
             this
             would
             be
             no
             Law
             ,
             nor
             any
             Man's
             Life
             or
             Estate
             bound
             by
             it
             .
             Now
             some
             Men
             have
             turned
             their
             Properties
             into
             Land
             ,
             and
             some
             into
             Money
             ,
             and
             all
             by
             Agreements
             with
             one
             another
             ;
             and
             should
             an
             Act
             pass
             ,
             that
             a
             Man
             who
             hath
             agreed
             for
             ,
             and
             purchased
             500
             
               l.
               
               per
               Annum
            
             in
             Land
             ,
             should
             convey
             that
             Estate
             to
             any
             Man
             who
             would
             pay
             him
             10000
             l.
             in
             Gold
             or
             Silver
             ,
             this
             would
             be
             no
             Law
             ;
             then
             by
             the
             same
             parity
             of
             Reason
             ,
             should
             an
             Act
             pass
             that
             any
             Man
             who
             hath
             contracted
             for
             10000
             l.
             to
             be
             paid
             him
             in
             Money
             ,
             should
             assign
             this
             Contract
             to
             any
             one
             ,
             who
             would
             convey
             to
             him
             500
             
               l.
               per
               Annum
            
             in
             Land
             ,
             this
             would
             be
             no
             Law
             ;
             for
             if
             such
             Acts
             should
             be
             admitted
             as
             Laws
             ,
             they
             put
             an
             end
             to
             all
             Laws
             .
             Men
             cann't
             deal
             but
             by
             Agreements
             with
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             if
             the
             Law
             will
             invert
             those
             Agreements
             ,
             this
             puts
             an
             end
             to
             all
             dealing
             ,
             
               and
               therefore
               these
               Proposals
               are
               Illegal
               ,
            
             by
             which
             I
             hope
             I
             shall
             not
             be
             censured
             as
             irreverent
             of
             the
             Legislative
             Power
             ,
             for
             I
             mention
             this
             in
             reverence
             to
             those
             Laws
             of
             which
             they
             are
             the
             Legislators
             .
             I
             don't
             say
             ,
             but
             one
             Man
             
             may
             by
             Conquest
             get
             an
             absolute
             Power
             over
             another
             ,
             but
             this
             is
             by
             Usurpation
             and
             Wrong
             ,
             and
             not
             by
             Law
             ;
             for
             all
             Laws
             are
             the
             Agreements
             of
             Men
             ,
             and
             no
             Man
             ever
             by
             his
             own
             Agreement
             delivered
             himself
             into
             the
             disposal
             of
             an
             absolute
             Power
             .
             God
             himself
             (
             tho'
             a
             supream
             Power
             ,
             and
             absolute
             over
             all
             )
             doth
             not
             demand
             Man
             to
             deliver
             himself
             up
             into
             his
             Power
             as
             absolute
             ,
             but
             treats
             with
             him
             by
             a
             Law
             of
             Justice
             ,
             in
             which
             he
             makes
             himself
             a
             Party
             ,
             and
             stands
             obliged
             to
             the
             performance
             of
             several
             things
             ,
             as
             the
             Condition
             of
             Man's
             Obedience
             ,
             and
             therefore
             for
             man
             to
             assume
             a
             right
             of
             Government
             by
             an
             absolute
             Power
             ,
             is
             to
             set
             himself
             above
             God.
             
          
           
             3.
             
             
               These
               Proposals
               are
               impracticable
            
             ,
             and
             (
             should
             they
             be
             granted
             )
             would
             be
             ineffectual
             .
             Suppose
             an
             Act
             should
             pass
             ,
             that
             a
             tender
             
             of
             a
             Bill
             of
             100
             l.
             should
             be
             a
             sufficient
             tender
             of
             100
             l.
             contracted
             for
             in
             lawful
             Money
             of
             England
             ,
             and
             the
             People
             should
             think
             themselves
             bound
             by
             this
             as
             a
             Law
             ,
             then
             their
             study
             would
             be
             to
             evade
             this
             Law
             ,
             by
             changing
             their
             Contracts
             from
             lawful
             Money
             of
             England
             to
             some
             other
             Species
             ,
             
               As
               so
               many
               Ounces
               of
               Gold
               and
               Silver
               ,
            
             which
             would
             not
             be
             construed
             to
             be
             lawful
             Money
             of
             England
             ,
             and
             so
             then
             the
             Act
             would
             not
             reach
             it
             ;
             and
             if
             the
             Act
             should
             follow
             these
             Contracts
             ,
             and
             be
             changed
             as
             often
             as
             the
             Contracts
             ,
             it
             must
             at
             last
             be
             so
             general
             ,
             that
             a
             tender
             of
             a
             Bill
             for
             payment
             of
             10
             l.
             should
             be
             a
             good
             tender
             for
             all
             Commodities
             agreed
             to
             be
             delivered
             of
             the
             value
             of
             10
             l.
             and
             so
             when
             a
             Man
             had
             contracted
             for
             a
             Horse
             ,
             he
             should
             have
             a
             Bank
             Bill
             delivered
             him
             to
             ride
             on
             ,
             
               and
               therefore
               the
               Proposals
               
               are
               impracticable
               ,
               and
               (
               if
               granted
               )
               would
               be
               ineffectual
               .
            
          
           
             4.
             
             
               These
               Proposals
               are
               fallacious
               ,
               and
               carry
               a
               Cheat
               in
               the
               bottom
            
             ;
             for
             the
             Bills
             being
             given
             out
             for
             payment
             of
             Money
             ,
             if
             the
             Law
             releases
             the
             payment
             of
             the
             Money
             ,
             and
             makes
             the
             Bill
             it self
             a
             good
             tender
             ,
             there
             's
             nothing
             left
             to
             answer
             the
             Debt
             but
             the
             Paper
             or
             Parchment
             on
             which
             the
             Bill
             is
             written
             ,
             which
             is
             worth
             nothing
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             Proposals
             are
             fallacious
             ,
             and
             carry
             a
             Cheat
             in
             the
             bottom
             :
             
               And
               for
               all
               these
               Reasons
               they
               can
               be
               of
               no
               Use
               in
               this
               Invention
               ,
               of
               finding
               out
               another
               Species
               of
               Money
               than
               Gold
               and
               Silver
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Fourth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               this
               Species
               must
               be
               made
               of
               something
               that
               hath
               all
               the
               Qualities
               of
               Money
               .
            
          
           
             
             Money
             hath
             these
             several
             Qualities
             :
             First
             ,
             
               The
               Mettal
               of
               which
               it
               is
               made
               is
               Valuable
               ,
            
             from
             the
             other
             Uses
             made
             of
             it
             ;
             for
             Silver
             and
             Gold
             do
             not
             receive
             their
             Value
             from
             being
             made
             Money
             ,
             but
             Money
             receives
             its
             value
             from
             being
             made
             of
             Silver
             and
             Gold
             :
             For
             Money
             (
             as
             Money
             )
             hath
             no
             other
             value
             than
             Figures
             or
             Counters
             ,
             by
             which
             Men
             keep
             Accounts
             with
             one
             another
             ;
             but
             because
             Money
             is
             now
             become
             a
             common
             Pledge
             ,
             it
             must
             be
             made
             of
             something
             that
             hath
             in
             it self
             a
             real
             
             Value
             from
             other
             Uses
             ,
             whereby
             whoever
             hath
             these
             Tokens
             ,
             may
             purchase
             any
             Commodity
             with
             them
             ,
             according
             to
             their
             Value
             in
             weight
             in
             all
             other
             places
             as
             well
             as
             where
             the
             Money
             was
             coined
             ,
             and
             therefore
             nothing
             can
             be
             made
             Money
             but
             what
             is
             thus
             valuable
             ,
             from
             the
             other
             Uses
             made
             of
             it
             .
             The
             Second
             
               Quality
               of
               Money
               is
               Durableness
               and
               Incorruption
               ,
            
             which
             is
             also
             Necessary
             .
             The
             Third
             
               Quality
               is
               Divisibleness
               into
               greater
               or
               lesser-peices
               ,
            
             without
             which
             it
             cannot
             be
             used
             as
             Money
             .
             Fourthly
             ,
             
               The
               Value
            
             of
             each
             piece
             is
             certified
             by
             the
             stamp
             ,
             without
             which
             it
             could
             not
             be
             used
             as
             Money
             ,
             by
             the
             common
             People
             .
             Fifthly
             ,
             
               The
               Title
               thereof
               is
               readily
               transferrable
               ;
               the
               Delivery
               only
               makes
               it
               a
               Title
            
             :
             And
             this
             is
             as
             necessary
             for
             making
             it
             money
             as
             any
             of
             the
             other
             qualities
             :
             For
             were
             the
             Titles
             of
             Land
             transferred
             
             to
             the
             Titles
             of
             Money
             ,
             it
             would
             cease
             to
             be
             Money
             ,
             notwithstanding
             all
             its
             other
             qualities
             ;
             were
             it
             necessary
             to
             have
             a
             Lease
             and
             Release
             ,
             Feofment
             or
             Bargain
             and
             Sale
             ,
             and
             (
             if
             it
             came
             by
             the
             Wife
             )
             a
             Fine
             ,
             to
             the
             Transferre
             of
             every
             peice
             of
             money
             ,
             the
             Charge
             and
             Trouble
             of
             this
             would
             soon
             reduce
             our
             Nobles
             to
             Nine-pences
             .
             Now
             all
             these
             qualities
             being
             Necessary
             to
             Money
             ,
             nothing
             that
             wants
             either
             of
             these
             qualities
             can
             be
             Money
             ,
             
               Therefore
               this
               Species
               must
               be
               made
               of
               something
               that
               hath
               all
               these
               Qualities
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Fifth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               whatever
               is
               capable
               of
               all
               these
               Qualities
               of
               Money
               ,
               is
               capable
               of
               being
               made
               Money
               .
            
          
           
             The
             Philosophers
             define
             all
             Substances
             by
             Qualites
             ;
             they
             say
             ,
             
             That
             whatever
             hath
             all
             the
             qualities
             of
             a
             thing
             ,
             ceases
             to
             be
             a
             likeness
             ,
             and
             is
             become
             that
             very
             thing
             .
             Now
             I
             don't
             say
             ,
             that
             whatever
             hath
             all
             the
             qualities
             of
             Money
             ,
             doth
             thereby
             become
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             ,
             but
             it
             becomes
             Money
             .
             Gold
             is
             money
             ,
             and
             Silver
             is
             money
             ,
             and
             yet
             Gold
             is
             not
             Silver
             ,
             nor
             Silver
             Gold.
             Things
             of
             different
             Substances
             may
             be
             put
             to
             the
             same
             use
             ;
             Brick
             and
             Stone
             ,
             Brass
             and
             Copper
             ,
             Lead
             and
             Iron
             ,
             may
             
             be
             all
             adapted
             to
             the
             same
             Uses
             ,
             being
             stamped
             into
             the
             same
             Forms
             ;
             
               Therefore
               whatever
               is
               capable
               of
               all
               the
               Qualities
               of
               Money
               ,
               is
               capable
               of
               being
               made
               Money
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Sixth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               the
               Securities
               on
               Lands
               are
               capable
               of
               all
               the
               Qualities
               of
               Money
               ,
               and
               therefore
               they
               are
               capable
               of
               being
               made
               Money
               .
            
          
           
             
             First
             ,
             The
             Lands
             on
             which
             the
             Securities
             are
             charged
             ,
             have
             in
             themselves
             
               a
               real
               Value
               ,
               from
               the
               other
               Uses
               made
               of
               them
               ,
            
             which
             need
             not
             be
             enumerated
             .
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             
               They
               are
               durable
               and
               incorruptible
            
             :
             The
             Earth
             is
             the
             great
             Store-house
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             where
             
             all
             the
             magazines
             of
             Life
             and
             Defence
             are
             kept
             sweet
             and
             safe
             .
          
           
             Thirdly
             ,
             
               These
               Securities
               are
               divisible
               into
               greater
               or
               lesser
               Summs
               .
            
          
           
             Fourthly
             ,
             
               The
               Value
               of
               each
               Security
               may
               be
               certified
               by
               a
               stamp
               given
               to
               it
               .
            
          
           
             Fifthly
             ,
             
               The
               Title
               of
               these
               Securities
               may
               be
               transferrable
               ,
               by
               delivery
               only
            
             :
             And
             all
             this
             is
             proved
             by
             Fact
             ;
             
               And
               therefore
               these
               being
               all
               the
               Qualities
               of
               Money
               ,
               and
               the
               Securities
               of
               Lands
               being
               capable
               of
               all
               these
               Qualities
               ,
               they
               are
               capable
               of
               being
               made
               Money
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Seventh
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               these
               Securities
               of
               Lands
               being
               thus
               formed
               into
               the
               Qualities
               of
               Money
               ,
               it
               is
               in
               the
               Power
               of
               the
               Owners
               of
               the
               Lands
               themselves
               to
               make
               these
               Securities
               to
               be
               Effective
               and
               Lawful
               Money
               of
               
                 England
                 ,
                 By
                 reserving
                 the
                 Rents
                 of
                 their
                 Lands
                 payable
                 in
                 them
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
             First
             ,
             
               This
               would
               make
               them
               effective
               Money
            
             :
             The
             use
             of
             Money
             is
             to
             buy
             Commodities
             ,
             now
             these
             Securities
             will
             buy
             Land
             ,
             and
             therefore
             they
             will
             buy
             all
             Commodities
             .
             The
             common
             definition
             of
             
             Money
             ,
             
               That
               't
               is
               Money
               that
               buys
               Land
               ,
            
             is
             comprehensive
             of
             all
             the
             uses
             of
             it
             ;
             for
             whatever
             will
             buy
             Land
             will
             buy
             all
             Commodities
             .
             What
             we
             call
             Commodities
             is
             nothing
             but
             
               Land
               severed
               from
               the
               Soil
            
             :
             The
             Owners
             of
             the
             Soil
             in
             every
             Country
             have
             the
             sale
             of
             all
             Commodities
             of
             the
             Growth
             of
             that
             Country
             ,
             and
             consequently
             have
             the
             power
             of
             giving
             Credit
             in
             that
             Country
             ,
             and
             therefore
             whatever
             they
             will
             accept
             for
             their
             Commodities
             is
             Money
             .
             Man
             deals
             in
             nothing
             but
             Earth
             ;
             the
             Merchants
             are
             the
             Factors
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             to
             exchange
             one
             part
             of
             the
             Earth
             for
             another
             :
             The
             King
             himself
             is
             fed
             by
             the
             labour
             of
             the
             Ox
             ,
             and
             the
             cloathing
             of
             the
             Army
             ,
             and
             the
             victualing
             of
             the
             Navy
             ,
             must
             all
             be
             paid
             for
             to
             the
             Owner
             of
             the
             Soil
             ,
             as
             the
             ultimate
             Receiver
             ,
             and
             whatever
             the
             ultimate
             
             Receiver
             will
             demand
             or
             accept
             ,
             must
             be
             a
             Rule
             for
             the
             intermediate
             Receivers
             to
             govern
             themselves
             by
             :
             All
             the
             other
             Contracts
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             must
             follow
             the
             Reservation
             of
             the
             Rents
             ;
             and
             hence
             't
             is
             that
             all
             the
             present
             Contracts
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             are
             agreed
             to
             be
             paid
             in
             Money
             ,
             because
             the
             Rents
             of
             the
             Lands
             are
             reserved
             payable
             in
             it
             ;
             and
             therefore
             if
             these
             Rents
             were
             reserved
             in
             the
             Securities
             of
             Land
             ,
             form'd
             into
             the
             Qualities
             of
             Monies
             ,
             (
             which
             we
             call
             Bills
             )
             it
             would
             force
             other
             Contracts
             to
             be
             made
             payable
             in
             these
             Bills
             ,
             
               and
               consequently
               make
               these
               Bills
               effective
               Money
               .
            
          
           
             Secondly
             ,
             
               As
               they
               would
               thereby
               become
               effective
               Money
               ,
            
             so
             they
             would
             become
             
               Lawful
               Money
               of
               England
            
             ;
             because
             the
             Law
             would
             compel
             the
             payment
             of
             them
             .
             The
             Law
             
             of
             England
             hath
             given
             no
             other
             sanction
             to
             Gold
             or
             Silver
             ,
             than
             to
             certifie
             the
             value
             of
             it
             ,
             to
             tell
             the
             People
             what
             it
             is
             ,
             that
             when
             they
             make
             Contracts
             about
             it
             ,
             they
             may
             know
             what
             they
             do
             .
             The
             Law
             saith
             that
             such
             a
             piece
             of
             Money
             ,
             stamped
             into
             the
             King's
             Coin
             ,
             shall
             be
             esteemed
             five
             shillings
             of
             lawful
             Money
             of
             England
             ,
             whereby
             whoever
             makes
             a
             Contract
             to
             pay
             five
             shillings
             of
             lawful
             Money
             of
             England
             ,
             knows
             what
             he
             is
             to
             deliver
             ,
             and
             he
             knows
             that
             the
             delivery
             of
             that
             piece
             will
             be
             a
             good
             discharge
             of
             his
             Contract
             .
             But
             the
             Law
             never
             compels
             any
             person
             to
             make
             these
             Contracts
             ,
             nor
             ever
             compels
             the
             payment
             of
             this
             Money
             ,
             or
             makes
             the
             tender
             thereof
             to
             be
             a
             good
             payment
             ,
             in
             any
             case
             ,
             but
             where
             it
             so
             agreed
             between
             the
             Parties
             ;
             and
             this
             is
             no
             more
             but
             what
             the
             Law
             doth
             to
             any
             
             other
             thing
             contracted
             for
             ,
             as
             well
             as
             Money
             :
             The
             Law
             no
             more
             admits
             Gold
             or
             Silver
             Money
             to
             be
             a
             tender
             for
             Corn
             ,
             or
             Cattle
             ,
             contracted
             to
             be
             delivered
             ,
             then
             it
             doth
             admit
             Corn
             or
             Cattle
             to
             be
             a
             tender
             for
             Gold
             or
             Silver
             Money
             contracted
             to
             be
             delivered
             ,
             for
             the
             Law
             respects
             nothing
             but
             the
             agreement
             of
             the
             Parties
             ;
             and
             by
             the
             same
             reason
             that
             the
             Law
             obliges
             the
             payment
             of
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             ,
             it
             would
             oblige
             the
             payment
             of
             these
             Bills
             ,
             in
             case
             they
             were
             agreed
             to
             be
             paid
             :
             
               And
               therefore
               it
               being
               in
               the
               power
               of
               the
               Owners
               of
               the
               Lands
               ,
               to
               reserve
               their
               Rents
               payable
               in
               these
               Bills
               ;
               and
               the
               other
               Contracts
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               being
               govern'd
               by
               the
               Reservation
               of
               the
               Rents
               ,
               and
               the
               Law
               compelling
               the
               performance
               of
               those
               Reservations
               and
               Contracts
               ,
               it
               is
               in
               the
               power
               of
               the
               Owners
               of
               the
               Lands
               to
               make
               these
               Bills
               effective
               and
               lawful
               
               Money
               of
            
             England
             ,
             
               by
               reserving
               their
               Rents
               payable
               in
               them
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Eighth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               Lands
               thus
               formed
               into
               the
               Qualities
               of
               Money
               ,
               are
               more
               Vseful
               and
               Valuable
               than
               Gold
               and
               Silver
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               Commodities
               severed
               from
               the
               Soyl.
               
            
          
           
             First
             ,
             
               They
               are
               more
               Useful
            
             :
             
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             serve
             but
             for
             one
             use
             at
             one
             time
             ,
             while
             they
             are
             used
             for
             Money
             ,
             they
             can
             be
             used
             for
             nothing
             else
             ,
             and
             while
             they
             are
             used
             for
             any
             thing
             else
             ,
             they
             can't
             be
             used
             for
             Money
             :
             But
             Lands
             may
             be
             converted
             into
             Money
             ,
             without
             loosing
             their
             other
             Faculties
             ;
             they
             serve
             for
             both
             uses
             at
             the
             same
             
             time
             ,
             the
             Owners
             keep
             the
             Possession
             ,
             and
             receive
             the
             Profits
             of
             the
             Soil
             ,
             while
             the
             Securities
             thereof
             are
             used
             for
             Money
             ;
             and
             this
             is
             what
             cannot
             be
             done
             in
             Securities
             of
             Pledges
             ,
             or
             Pawns
             of
             Commodities
             severed
             from
             the
             Soil
             ;
             for
             when
             the
             Owner
             makes
             these
             a
             Security
             ,
             he
             must
             part
             with
             them
             out
             of
             his
             possession
             ,
             and
             can
             make
             no
             use
             of
             them
             'till
             he
             hath
             redeemed
             them
             .
          
           
             2.
             
             
               As
               they
               are
               more
               Useful
               ,
               so
               they
               are
               more
               Valuable
            
             :
             What
             serves
             for
             two
             uses
             at
             once
             ,
             is
             more
             valuable
             than
             what
             serves
             but
             for
             one
             ;
             if
             Silver
             and
             Gold
             could
             serve
             for
             Money
             and
             Plate
             both
             at
             the
             same
             time
             ,
             or
             if
             Commodities
             severed
             from
             the
             Soil
             ,
             could
             retain
             their
             own
             natural
             uses
             ,
             and
             also
             serve
             for
             Securities
             of
             Money
             at
             the
             same
             time
             ,
             they
             would
             both
             be
             double
             the
             value
             they
             now
             are
             ;
             
             for
             by
             loosing
             one
             of
             their
             uses
             ,
             they
             loose
             the
             value
             at
             which
             they
             are
             valu'd
             in
             respect
             of
             that
             use
             ;
             therefore
             Lands
             retaining
             their
             own
             natural
             use
             ,
             while
             they
             are
             made
             Money
             ,
             
               are
               more
               Useful
               and
               Valuable
               than
               Gold
               and
               Silver
               ,
               or
               any
               other
               Commodity
               severed
               from
               the
               Soil
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Ninth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               it
               will
               be
               in
               the
               Power
               of
               the
               Bank
               from
               whom
               these
               Bills
               are
               issued
               ,
               to
               make
               them
               more
               Valuable
               than
               other
               Money
               ,
               by
               accepting
               them
               at
               a
               higher
               Rate
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               will
               be
               Gainers
               thereby
               .
            
          
           
             The
             Profit
             of
             a
             Bank
             depends
             upon
             the
             Credit
             of
             their
             Bills
             ,
             
             and
             
             the
             Credit
             of
             their
             Bills
             depends
             upon
             their
             making
             them
             more
             Valuable
             than
             Money
             ;
             and
             the
             making
             their
             Bills
             more
             valuable
             than
             Money
             depends
             on
             their
             accepting
             of
             them
             at
             a
             higher
             Rate
             than
             Money
             .
             Money
             and
             Bills
             never
             keep
             long
             at
             a
             par
             ;
             if
             Bills
             are
             not
             better
             than
             Money
             ,
             they
             'll
             soon
             be
             worse
             :
             If
             Money
             gets
             the
             upper
             Hand
             of
             Credit
             ,
             it
             puts
             an
             end
             to
             all
             Credit
             .
             There
             is
             at
             this
             day
             no
             Credit
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             .
             Credit
             is
             when
             Men
             choose
             Bills
             rather
             than
             Money
             ,
             and
             not
             when
             they
             take
             them
             only
             because
             they
             can't
             receive
             Money
             .
             The
             present
             Credit
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             is
             no
             more
             than
             the
             Credit
             of
             a
             man
             who
             can't
             pay
             his
             Debts
             ,
             and
             therefore
             gives
             Bond
             ,
             which
             his
             Creditors
             are
             forced
             to
             accept
             for
             want
             of
             money
             .
             The
             Bank
             of
             England
             have
             issued
             out
             Bills
             which
             they
             
             cannot
             pay
             ,
             and
             so
             the
             People
             that
             have
             their
             Bills
             must
             keep
             them
             .
             But
             there
             is
             no
             fresh
             Money
             brought
             into
             their
             Bank
             for
             their
             Bills
             ,
             without
             which
             no
             Credit
             can
             be
             maintain'd
             :
             And
             they
             finding
             great
             Demands
             upon
             them
             ,
             immediately
             raised
             the
             Interest
             upon
             their
             Bills
             ,
             hoping
             thereby
             to
             keep
             those
             Bills
             which
             were
             out
             against
             them
             from
             being
             demanded
             of
             them
             ,
             and
             to
             draw
             in
             fresh
             Monies
             into
             them
             :
             But
             this
             proved
             so
             ineffectual
             ,
             that
             their
             Bills
             at
             Interest
             are
             at
             no
             more
             value
             than
             their
             Bills
             without
             Interest
             ,
             which
             shews
             plainly
             ,
             that
             the
             giving
             Interest
             on
             Bills
             doth
             add
             no
             Credit
             to
             a
             Bank.
             For
             raising
             the
             interest
             on
             the
             Bills
             of
             the
             Bank
             ,
             raises
             the
             Interest
             of
             Monies
             out
             of
             the
             Bank
             ,
             and
             so
             keeps
             the
             Monies
             from
             them
             .
             The
             more
             a
             Bank
             raises
             their
             Interest
             
             to
             overtake
             the
             Money
             ,
             the
             faster
             the
             Money
             goes
             from
             them
             ,
             raising
             the
             Interest
             1
             
               l.
               per
               Cent.
            
             upon
             Bills
             payable
             at
             demand
             ,
             raises
             it
             2
             
               l.
               per
               Cent.
            
             on
             Common
             Securities
             ;
             therefore
             a
             Bank
             should
             always
             fall
             their
             Interest
             as
             fast
             as
             others
             endeavour
             to
             raise
             it
             .
             Credit
             is
             no
             more
             to
             be
             begged
             or
             bought
             than
             it
             is
             to
             be
             forced
             ;
             giving
             Interest
             on
             Bills
             is
             begging
             of
             Credit
             ,
             or
             buying
             of
             Money
             ,
             which
             may
             be
             done
             by
             a
             common
             way
             of
             mortgaging
             ,
             (
             without
             keeping
             Monies
             to
             pay
             the
             principal
             at
             demand
             )
             :
             And
             it
             had
             been
             Policy
             for
             the
             Bank
             of
             England
             (
             when
             they
             had
             got
             the
             Coin
             raised
             from
             clipt
             to
             full
             Money
             )
             to
             have
             raised
             the
             value
             of
             their
             Bills
             with
             it
             ,
             by
             accepting
             them
             in
             Reciepts
             of
             Interest
             ,
             from
             the
             Crown
             and
             others
             ,
             at
             more
             than
             Money
             ,
             and
             then
             they
             had
             kept
             
             down
             the
             Price
             of
             Money
             below
             their
             Bills
             ,
             which
             is
             now
             got
             above
             them
             :
             For
             let
             Money
             be
             of
             what
             Weight
             it
             will
             ,
             if
             those
             who
             have
             the
             Receipt
             of
             it
             ,
             will
             accept
             Bills
             at
             a
             higher
             rate
             ,
             this
             doth
             depreciate
             the
             Money
             ,
             and
             keeps
             the
             Bills
             above
             them
             :
             And
             therefore
             in
             case
             this
             Land-Bank
             be
             established
             by
             Parliament
             ,
             (
             as
             is
             proposed
             )
             't
             is
             intended
             that
             the
             Interest
             of
             3
             l.
             10
             
               s.
               per
               Cent.
            
             shall
             be
             reduced
             to
             3
             
               l.
               per
               Cent.
            
             to
             all
             those
             who
             will
             pay
             it
             in
             the
             Land-Bank
             Bills
             ,
             which
             will
             advance
             the
             Credit
             of
             the
             Bank
             ,
             and
             consequently
             their
             Profit
             ;
             by
             enabling
             them
             to
             lend
             great
             quantities
             .
             A
             Bank
             is
             like
             a
             Merchant
             ,
             whose
             Gains
             don't
             arise
             from
             the
             extravagant
             Profit
             of
             any
             particular
             Commodity
             ,
             but
             from
             the
             greatness
             of
             his
             Trade
             ;
             for
             the
             Retailers
             get
             more
             
               per
               Cent.
            
             
             than
             the
             Merchants
             :
             
               Therefore
               it
               will
               be
               in
               the
               power
               of
               the
               Bank
               from
               whence
               these
               Bills
               are
               issued
               ,
               to
               make
               them
               more
               valuable
               than
               other
               Money
               ,
               by
               accepting
               them
               for
               more
               than
               other
               Money
               ,
               and
               that
               they
               will
               be
               Gainers
               thereby
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Tenth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               this
               Invention
               falling
               the
               Interest
               of
               Money
               ,
               will
               advance
               the
               Rents
               of
               Lands
               .
            
          
           
             
             That
             this
             Invention
             (
             succeeding
             )
             will
             fall
             the
             Interest
             of
             Money
             ,
             needs
             no
             proof
             :
             But
             it
             hath
             been
             made
             a
             Question
             ,
             Whether
             the
             falling
             the
             Interest
             of
             Money
             will
             advance
             the
             Rents
             of
             Lands
             ?
             And
             it
             must
             be
             confessed
             ,
             that
             Lands
             already
             improved
             to
             the
             
             heighth
             ,
             are
             not
             capable
             of
             this
             advantage
             ;
             but
             most
             of
             the
             Lands
             in
             England
             are
             capable
             of
             being
             improved
             to
             double
             their
             present
             Value
             ;
             in
             Cities
             and
             Towns
             by
             Building
             ,
             and
             in
             the
             Countreys
             by
             Planting
             and
             Manure
             ,
             and
             lye
             unimproved
             for
             want
             of
             Money
             ;
             
               Therefore
               this
               Invention
               falling
               the
               Interest
               of
               Money
               will
               advance
               the
               Rents
               of
               Lands
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Eleventh
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               advancing
               the
               Value
               of
               Lands
               in
               the
               Purchase
               ,
               is
               equal
               to
               advancing
               the
               Rents
               .
            
          
           
             That
             the
             falling
             the
             Interest
             of
             Money
             advances
             Lands
             in
             the
             Purchase
             ,
             needs
             no
             Proof
             :
             
             But
             it
             hath
             been
             a
             Question
             ,
             Whether
             advancing
             the
             Lands
             in
             purchase
             
             be
             an
             advantage
             ?
             because
             the
             Value
             of
             the
             money
             for
             which
             they
             are
             sold
             is
             thereby
             depreciated
             :
             And
             it
             is
             certain
             that
             the
             falling
             the
             Interest
             of
             Money
             doth
             depreciate
             the
             Value
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             to
             the
             Purchase
             of
             the
             Soil
             of
             the
             Lands
             ,
             but
             it
             doth
             not
             depreciate
             it
             as
             to
             the
             Purchase
             of
             any
             Commodities
             severed
             from
             the
             Soil
             .
             The
             Interest
             of
             Money
             is
             an
             Annual
             Profit
             ,
             and
             therefore
             doth
             affect
             nothing
             but
             what
             hath
             an
             Annual
             Increase
             .
             The
             Soil
             of
             Land
             is
             an
             Annual
             Interest
             to
             the
             Owner
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             price
             thereof
             rises
             and
             falls
             with
             the
             Interest
             of
             Money
             ,
             which
             is
             Annual
             :
             But
             the
             Commodities
             severed
             from
             the
             Soil
             lye
             all
             in
             Principal
             ,
             and
             therefore
             the
             Interest
             of
             Money
             being
             Annual
             ,
             doth
             not
             affect
             them
             .
             The
             Price
             of
             Corn
             and
             Cattle
             don't
             rise
             and
             fall
             with
             the
             Interest
             of
             Money
             ;
             
             or
             if
             at
             any
             time
             they
             happen
             so
             to
             do
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             caused
             by
             the
             Rate
             of
             Interest
             ,
             but
             some
             other
             cause
             which
             happens
             at
             that
             time
             ;
             
               Therefore
               the
               advancing
               the
               Value
               of
               Lands
               in
               the
               purchase
               is
               equal
               to
               advancing
               the
               Rents
               .
            
             Indeed
             ,
             if
             Men
             were
             to
             live
             with
             the
             Beasts
             ,
             ranging
             up
             and
             down
             the
             Earth
             ,
             and
             taking
             their
             Food
             where
             they
             found
             it
             ,
             Lands
             would
             be
             of
             no
             value
             in
             respect
             of
             Sale
             ;
             but
             ever
             since
             the
             Commencement
             of
             the
             Laws
             of
             Property
             ,
             Money
             is
             as
             necessary
             as
             Bread
             ;
             and
             therefore
             whether
             Land
             will
             yield
             a
             hundred
             quarters
             of
             Corn
             ,
             or
             will
             sell
             for
             as
             much
             as
             will
             buy
             it
             ,
             is
             equally
             beneficial
             to
             the
             Owner
             .
          
        
         
           
           
             Twelfth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               this
               Invention
               perfected
               will
               extinguish
               the
               Interest
               of
               Money
               upon
               Lands
               ,
               and
               thereby
               make
               the
               Lands
               inestimable
               .
            
          
           
             
             The
             Securities
             of
             Lands
             are
             now
             as
             valuable
             as
             money
             ,
             or
             else
             money
             would
             not
             be
             lent
             upon
             them
             :
             And
             the
             Reason
             why
             the
             Owners
             are
             forced
             to
             borrow
             money
             upon
             these
             Securities
             ,
             is
             because
             they
             can't
             make
             money
             of
             them
             :
             If
             therefore
             these
             Securities
             could
             be
             made
             Money
             ,
             there
             would
             be
             no
             Occasion
             of
             borrowing
             money
             upon
             them
             ,
             and
             consequently
             the
             Interest
             of
             money
             on
             these
             Securities
             would
             be
             extinguished
             ,
             which
             makes
             the
             
             Lands
             to
             be
             inestimable
             ;
             for
             all
             Value
             is
             by
             comparison
             ,
             two
             things
             of
             equal
             goodness
             are
             the
             value
             of
             one
             another
             ,
             and
             the
             purchase
             of
             Lands
             being
             valued
             by
             the
             rate
             of
             the
             Interest
             of
             money
             ,
             if
             this
             Interest
             be
             extinguished
             ,
             there
             is
             nothing
             left
             to
             make
             the
             comparison
             whereby
             to
             value
             the
             Lands
             ,
             and
             therefore
             they
             must
             be
             inestimable
             .
             Pleasure
             and
             Profit
             are
             all
             the
             Accomplishments
             of
             Life
             ;
             now
             the
             natural
             produce
             of
             Lands
             supplyes
             all
             the
             Pleasures
             of
             Life
             ;
             and
             if
             the
             Policy
             of
             Man
             can
             add
             the
             profit
             of
             money
             to
             it
             ,
             all
             the
             accomplishments
             of
             Life
             are
             contained
             in
             it
             .
          
           
             
               Omne
               tulit
               punctum
               qui
               miscuit
               utile
               dulci.
               
            
          
           
             But
             this
             is
             the
             Invention
             perfected
             ,
             which
             we
             must
             not
             promise
             our selves
             to
             see
             .
             I
             only
             
             mention
             it
             ,
             to
             shew
             that
             the
             falling
             of
             Interest
             by
             th●…
             Invention
             ,
             will
             be
             a
             growing
             improvement
             to
             Lands
             ,
             even
             to
             an
             infinity
             ,
             whereby
             to
             encourage
             the
             beginning
             of
             the
             Invention
             .
             I
             know
             the
             Mercurial
             Projectors
             of
             the
             Age
             skip
             to
             the
             top
             of
             their
             Notions
             at
             the
             first
             jump
             ,
             like
             the
             Mother
             of
             Zebeaee's
             Children
             ,
             who
             made
             it
             her
             first
             Prayer
             ,
             that
             the
             two
             highest
             seats
             in
             Heaven
             might
             be
             reserved
             for
             her
             two
             Sons
             :
             But
             this
             shews
             their
             ignorance
             of
             Nature
             ,
             
               who
               never
               leaps
            
             ;
             all
             ascent
             is
             by
             climbing
             ,
             Men
             grow
             from
             Children
             ,
             Trees
             from
             Seeds
             ,
             and
             Learning
             from
             the
             Element
             of
             Letters
             ;
             I
             don't
             doubt
             but
             Lands
             by
             this
             Invention
             may
             be
             advanced
             to
             a
             hundred
             Years
             purchase
             ;
             but
             this
             must
             proceed
             from
             the
             Practice
             and
             Improvement
             of
             the
             Invention
             ,
             and
             not
             the
             Notion
             of
             it
             only
             :
             If
             the
             
             growth
             of
             this
             Invention
             will
             yearly
             advance
             the
             value
             of
             Land
             one
             Years
             purchase
             ,
             (
             which
             may
             modestly
             be
             expected
             )
             it
             is
             in
             effect
             doubling
             the
             present
             Rents
             .
          
        
         
           
             Thirteenth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               though
               this
               Improvement
               added
               to
               the
               present
               Value
               of
               Lands
               be
               unexpected
               ,
               and
               surprizing
               ,
               it
               is
               nevertheless
               plain
               and
               true
               ,
               and
               agreeable
               to
               other
               productions
               in
               Nature
               and
               Arts
               :
               And
               though
               it
               is
               plain
               and
               true
               ,
               it
               is
               never
               the
               less
               valuable
               ,
               but
               rather
               the
               more
               admirable
               .
            
          
           
             When
             God
             had
             made
             Man
             ,
             
             he
             
             gave
             him
             a
             view
             of
             all
             the
             Creatures
             made
             before
             him
             ,
             
               pleasant
               to
               the
               eye
               ,
               and
               pleasant
               to
               the
               taste
               ,
               and
               good
               for
               food
            
             ;
             which
             was
             a
             compleat
             Entertainment
             to
             him
             ,
             as
             he
             apprehended
             ,
             for
             he
             felt
             no
             Appetite
             in
             himself
             ,
             but
             what
             had
             a
             suitable
             Object
             to
             gratifie
             it
             .
             And
             yet
             all
             this
             while
             Man
             had
             within
             him
             a
             dormant
             Affection
             ,
             (
             which
             he
             did
             not
             know
             of
             )
             capable
             of
             a
             higher
             Enjoyment
             than
             all
             his
             other
             Appetites
             ,
             and
             this
             lay
             concealed
             from
             him
             ,
             'till
             the
             Creator
             presented
             him
             with
             
               his
               Female
            
             ;
             who
             being
             an
             Object
             suited
             to
             that
             Affection
             ,
             gave
             him
             the
             first
             feeling
             of
             it
             .
             Love
             is
             an
             Affection
             contracted
             by
             the
             Eye
             ,
             and
             therefore
             'till
             the
             Object
             was
             produced
             ,
             the
             Affection
             lay
             dormant
             ,
             (
             as
             Fire
             doth
             in
             Stones
             'till
             they
             are
             smitten
             )
             :
             If
             therefore
             the
             
               Fairest
               Aspect
            
             of
             the
             Creation
             was
             presented
             to
             Man
             ,
             after
             he
             had
             
             ended
             his
             Expectations
             of
             being
             entertained
             with
             any
             more
             Objects
             ,
             and
             consequently
             
               That
               highest
               pleasure
               of
               Life
            
             was
             added
             to
             him
             ,
             after
             he
             had
             ended
             his
             Expectations
             of
             any
             further
             happiness
             ,
             why
             should
             it
             seem
             strange
             ,
             that
             other
             Qualities
             in
             Nature
             should
             lye
             concealed
             ,
             'till
             the
             Wisdom
             of
             Providence
             thinks
             fit
             to
             produce
             them
             .
             How
             many
             things
             now
             common
             in
             the
             World
             were
             kept
             hid
             from
             Ages
             past
             ?
             as
             the
             virtue
             of
             the
             Load-stone
             ,
             and
             thereby
             the
             discovery
             of
             America
             ,
             the
             use
             of
             Guns
             ,
             Printing
             ,
             Glass
             ,
             &c.
             
             The
             Earth
             is
             the
             great
             Staple
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             made
             by
             God
             to
             be
             manufactured
             and
             improved
             by
             Man
             ,
             and
             perhaps
             the
             things
             not
             yet
             seen
             are
             greater
             than
             the
             things
             already
             seen
             .
             And
             tho'
             we
             can
             have
             no
             Notion
             of
             them
             till
             they
             are
             produced
             ,
             yet
             when
             they
             are
             made
             
             to
             appear
             ,
             the
             Concealment
             of
             them
             seems
             more
             miraculous
             than
             the
             Discovery
             ,
             for
             the
             making
             them
             to
             appear
             ,
             makes
             them
             plain
             ,
             and
             the
             plain
             appearance
             of
             them
             raises
             an
             admiration
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             never
             before
             observed
             .
             
               Inventions
               are
               Mysteries
               found
               out
            
             ,
             and
             what
             is
             not
             plain
             ,
             is
             not
             found
             out
             ,
             but
             remains
             a
             Mystery
             still
             ,
             so
             that
             the
             Author
             of
             an
             Invention
             (
             〈◊〉
             make
             it
             perfect
             )
             must
             thereby
             loose
             the
             Honour
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             be
             despised
             ,
             as
             producing
             a
             common
             thing
             .
             And
             that
             this
             may
             be
             my
             Fate
             ,
             is
             the
             top
             of
             my
             Ambition
             ;
             however
             this
             proves
             the
             Assertion
             ,
             
               That
               tho'
               this
               Improvement
               added
               to
               the
               present
               value
               of
               the
               Lands
               ,
               seem
               extravagant
               ,
               and
               be
               unexpected
               and
               surprising
               ,
               it
               is
               nevertheless
               plain
               ,
               and
               true
               ,
               and
               agreable
               to
               other
               Productions
               in
               Nature
               and
               Arts
               :
               And
               tho'
               it
               is
               plain
               and
               true
               ,
               it
               is
               never
               the
               less
               valuable
               ,
               but
               rather
               the
               more
               admirable
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Fourteenth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               therefore
               it
               can't
               be
               doubted
               but
               the
               Legislative
               Power
               will
               encourage
               this
               Invention
               ,
               by
               reviving
               the
               Clauses
               relating
               to
               Lands
               ,
               in
               the
               Act
               passed
               last
               Sessions
               ,
               for
               Establishing
               a
               Land-Bank
               .
            
          
           
             When
             we
             address
             to
             our
             Superiours
             ,
             
             for
             any
             thing
             to
             be
             done
             by
             them
             ,
             it
             is
             Duty
             and
             Good
             Manners
             to
             consider
             ,
             1st
             .
             
               That
               the
               Notion
               and
               Intent
               of
               the
               thing
               we
               propose
               be
               useful
               and
               honest
               ,
               in
               case
               it
               can
               be
               effected
               .
            
             2dly
             .
             
               That
               the
               practice
               of
               it
               be
               made
               visible
               and
               plain
               ,
               before
               we
               offer
               it
            
             :
             3dly
             .
             
               That
               we
               prepare
               
               every
               thing
               ready
               for
               their
            
             Fiat
             ,
             
               which
               is
               to
               give
               the
               Sanction
            
             ;
             that
             they
             may
             have
             nothing
             to
             do
             ,
             but
             what
             can
             be
             done
             by
             none
             but
             themselves
             :
             Now
             that
             the
             Notion
             and
             Intent
             of
             forming
             these
             Securities
             of
             Lands
             into
             the
             Qualities
             of
             Money
             ,
             and
             using
             them
             as
             Money
             ,
             will
             be
             esteemed
             by
             the
             Legislative
             Power
             to
             be
             useful
             and
             honest
             ,
             in
             case
             it
             can
             be
             effected
             ,
             cannot
             remain
             a
             Doubt
             .
             Then
             the
             next
             Query
             is
             ,
             
               Whether
               the
               practice
               of
               this
               Notion
               can
               be
               made
               visible
               and
               plain
               ?
            
             The
             first
             part
             of
             the
             Notion
             is
             the
             forming
             these
             Securities
             into
             the
             Qualities
             of
             Money
             ,
             and
             this
             belongs
             to
             him
             that
             offers
             the
             Invention
             ,
             for
             't
             is
             not
             the
             Business
             of
             the
             Legislative
             Power
             to
             draw
             Settlements
             and
             Forms
             ,
             those
             must
             be
             done
             by
             some
             one
             of
             that
             Science
             to
             which
             these
             Forms
             and
             Settlements
             relate
             .
             And
             that
             I
             may
             not
             
             seem
             to
             amuse
             with
             implicite
             terms
             ,
             this
             Form
             is
             nothing
             but
             Division
             :
             The
             forming
             the
             Securities
             of
             Lands
             into
             the
             Qualities
             of
             Money
             ,
             is
             no
             more
             than
             
               Dividing
               these
               Securities
               into
               smaller
               Summs
               .
            
             Division
             is
             the
             first
             thing
             in
             Form.
             In
             the
             Description
             of
             the
             Creation
             it
             's
             said
             to
             be
             without
             Form
             ,
             and
             void
             ,
             'till
             it
             was
             divided
             ,
             
               The
               Light
               from
               the
               Darkness
               ,
               and
               the
               Waters
               from
               the
               Dry
               Land
            
             ;
             and
             by
             these
             Lights
             ,
             Eternity
             was
             divided
             ,
             and
             sub-divided
             into
             Time
             ,
             of
             
               Years
               ,
               Days
               and
               Hours
            
             ,
             for
             Man
             to
             keep
             his
             Accounts
             by
             ;
             for
             Eternity
             undivided
             is
             of
             no
             use
             to
             Man.
             Every
             thing
             is
             more
             or
             less
             valuable
             ,
             as
             't
             is
             more
             or
             less
             capable
             of
             Division
             .
             Now
             'till
             these
             Securities
             were
             made
             divisible
             ,
             all
             the
             residue
             of
             the
             Invention
             was
             impossible
             ;
             for
             if
             the
             Securities
             themselves
             are
             not
             capable
             of
             being
             
             formed
             into
             the
             Qualities
             of
             Money
             ,
             it
             is
             not
             in
             the
             Power
             of
             the
             Parliament
             to
             make
             them
             so
             .
             But
             this
             first
             Part
             of
             the
             Invention
             is
             actually
             done
             ,
             and
             hath
             shewed
             it self
             in
             all
             the
             parts
             of
             it
             .
             The
             26
             th
             .
             of
             October
             ,
             1695.
             was
             the
             first
             day
             of
             issuing
             out
             Bills
             charged
             upon
             Lands
             ,
             (
             which
             are
             the
             Securities
             thereof
             divided
             )
             and
             these
             were
             the
             first
             Bills
             (
             we
             hear
             of
             )
             that
             have
             been
             charged
             upon
             Lands
             ,
             and
             issued
             out
             for
             Money
             :
             And
             to
             give
             plain
             Instances
             that
             these
             Securities
             ,
             so
             divided
             into
             Bills
             ,
             are
             Money
             ,
             the
             Mortgagees
             who
             had
             these
             Securities
             before
             they
             were
             divided
             ,
             and
             were
             to
             receive
             the
             Monies
             due
             upon
             them
             ,
             brought
             their
             Securities
             to
             the
             Bank
             ,
             to
             be
             formed
             into
             Bills
             ,
             and
             received
             back
             those
             Bills
             for
             their
             Money
             ;
             
               They
               brought
               the
               Bullion
               into
               the
               Bank
               ,
               and
               took
               it
               back
               in
               Coin
            
             ;
             and
             for
             doing
             this
             
             the
             Owners
             of
             the
             Lands
             are
             content
             to
             pay
             a
             small
             Interest
             to
             the
             Bank
             ,
             for
             keeping
             a
             Cash
             of
             other
             Monies
             ,
             to
             answer
             these
             Bills
             as
             they
             are
             demanded
             ,
             (
             
               and
               this
               by
               the
               way
               may
               silence
               all
               Enquiries
               into
               the
               profit
               of
               the
               Bank
            
             )
             :
             And
             in
             this
             manner
             there
             has
             been
             issued
             out
             forty
             five
             thousand
             Pounds
             in
             Bills
             ,
             all
             which
             have
             been
             paid
             and
             repaid
             as
             Money
             ,
             and
             the
             Bank
             had
             valued
             Estates
             for
             issuing
             out
             One
             hundred
             thousand
             pounds
             more
             ,
             but
             fore-seeing
             the
             impossibility
             of
             maintaining
             a
             Credit
             in
             their
             Infancy
             ,
             during
             the
             Regulation
             of
             the
             Coin
             ,
             they
             stopt
             their
             Hands
             ,
             and
             content
             themselves
             at
             present
             in
             paying
             their
             Bills
             already
             issued
             ,
             and
             giving
             an
             undeniable
             demonstration
             of
             the
             first
             part
             of
             the
             Invention
             ,
             by
             forming
             the
             Securities
             of
             Lands
             into
             the
             Qualities
             of
             Money
             ,
             and
             thereby
             standing
             ready
             for
             the
             Sanction
             
             and
             assistance
             of
             the
             Legislative
             Power
             towards
             the
             perfecting
             of
             this
             Invention
             .
          
           
             What
             was
             passed
             by
             the
             Act
             of
             last
             Sessions
             ,
             relating
             to
             Lands
             ,
             and
             is
             now
             humbled
             represented
             to
             the
             Legislative
             Power
             ,
             is
             ,
          
           
             First
             ,
             
               That
               the
               Subscribers
               may
               be
               incorporated
               ,
            
             in
             order
             to
             stand
             seized
             of
             Lands
             to
             be
             conveyed
             to
             them
             ,
             to
             prevent
             the
             charge
             or
             Fraud
             of
             Trustees
             .
             In
             the
             dividing
             the
             Securities
             of
             Lands
             ,
             the
             Legal
             Estates
             thereof
             must
             be
             conveyed
             to
             Trustees
             ,
             who
             are
             to
             stand
             seized
             in
             the
             first
             place
             for
             the
             Persons
             who
             have
             the
             Bills
             charged
             on
             the
             Lands
             ,
             and
             afterwards
             in
             trust
             for
             the
             Owners
             of
             the
             Lands
             ,
             who
             make
             the
             Conveyances
             ;
             and
             to
             prevent
             the
             Legal
             Estates
             from
             going
             to
             Heirs
             or
             Executors
             ,
             there
             must
             be
             several
             Trustees
             in
             every
             Conveyance
             ,
             which
             may
             
             occasion
             great
             Charge
             and
             Trouble
             in
             transferring
             the
             Securities
             ,
             especially
             if
             the
             Trustees
             prove
             corrupt
             ,
             (
             which
             often
             happens
             in
             common
             Securities
             ,
             amongst
             private
             Men
             )
             :
             I
             have
             known
             a
             Mortgager
             forced
             to
             pay
             twenty
             Guineas
             to
             a
             parcel
             of
             Trustees
             ,
             for
             sealing
             an
             Assignment
             of
             his
             Mortgage
             :
             Now
             this
             charge
             of
             Transferring
             Securities
             entailed
             on
             Freehold
             Estates
             ,
             is
             as
             real
             Incumbrance
             upon
             them
             as
             Fines
             upon
             alienations
             are
             upon
             Copy-holds
             :
             And
             if
             (
             as
             hath
             been
             observed
             )
             the
             transferring
             the
             Titles
             of
             Land
             to
             Money
             ,
             and
             making
             the
             assignment
             of
             every
             piece
             to
             be
             by
             Deed
             ,
             would
             depreciate
             it
             ,
             and
             incapacitate
             it
             from
             being
             Money
             ,
             by
             the
             same
             reason
             the
             transferring
             the
             Titles
             of
             Money
             to
             Lands
             ,
             and
             making
             the
             delivery
             only
             to
             be
             a
             Title
             ,
             would
             (
             of
             it self
             )
             render
             them
             much
             more
             
             valuable
             ;
             and
             tho'
             the
             equitable
             Interests
             only
             (
             which
             are
             the
             Bills
             )
             can
             be
             assigned
             by
             Delivery
             ,
             yet
             the
             less
             Charge
             is
             incident
             to
             transferring
             the
             Legal
             Estates
             ,
             the
             more
             valuable
             the
             Lands
             will
             be
             ,
             
               And
               this
               is
               the
               Intent
               of
               being
               Incorporated
               .
            
             A
             great
             part
             of
             the
             Towns
             and
             Trades
             in
             England
             have
             been
             incorporated
             by
             Kings
             or
             Parliaments
             ,
             for
             the
             conveniency
             of
             doing
             their
             own
             Business
             .
             The
             Worsted-Weavers
             in
             Yarmouth
             and
             Lynn
             were
             each
             of
             them
             incorporated
             by
             Parliament
             ,
             in
             15
             
               th
               .
               Hen.
            
             8.
             with
             a
             power
             to
             have
             a
             Seal
             for
             their
             own
             Cloths
             ,
             for
             no
             other
             reason
             than
             that
             it
             was
             before
             painful
             and
             costly
             for
             them
             to
             carry
             their
             Cloths
             to
             be
             sealed
             at
             Norwich
             ,
             which
             they
             were
             obliged
             to
             by
             a
             former
             Act.
             And
             the
             
               School
               of
               Norleech
               in
               Gloucester-shire
            
             was
             Incorporated
             by
             Parliament
             ,
             in
             4.
             
             Jac.
             1.
             upon
             the
             
             Opinion
             of
             three
             Lord
             Keepers
             ,
             and
             two
             Judges
             ,
             that
             they
             ought
             to
             be
             Incorporated
             ,
             in
             order
             to
             stand
             seized
             of
             their
             own
             Lands
             ;
             for
             that
             the
             surviving
             Feoffee
             of
             the
             School-Lands
             went
             about
             to
             defraud
             the
             School
             ,
             by
             making
             a
             long
             Lease
             to
             his
             own
             Son
             ,
             under
             a
             small
             Rent
             .
             If
             therefore
             the
             Kings
             and
             Parliaments
             of
             England
             have
             incorporated
             so
             many
             Towns
             and
             Trades
             ,
             for
             the
             conveniency
             of
             doing
             their
             business
             ,
             and
             that
             the
             Parliament
             (
             in
             the
             first
             of
             these
             Cases
             )
             incorporated
             two
             Companies
             of
             Weavers
             ,
             for
             preventing
             their
             trouble
             and
             charge
             in
             going
             to
             distant
             places
             ;
             and
             (
             in
             the
             last
             Case
             )
             incorporated
             a
             Countrey-School
             ,
             to
             prevent
             frauds
             in
             their
             Trustees
             ,
             can
             it
             be
             doubted
             that
             the
             present
             Legislative
             Power
             will
             deny
             the
             like
             conveniency
             for
             the
             better
             settling
             and
             improving
             all
             the
             Lands
             in
             the
             Kingdom
             ?
             and
             
             in
             this
             they
             have
             signified
             their
             pleasure
             already
             ,
             by
             declaring
             (
             in
             the
             Act
             passed
             last
             Sessions
             )
             that
             the
             intent
             of
             the
             Incorporation
             was
             in
             order
             to
             lending
             Monies
             on
             Lands
             .
          
           
             The
             Second
             Thing
             contained
             in
             the
             last
             Act
             ,
             and
             now
             humbly
             represented
             to
             the
             Parliament
             ,
             is
             ,
             
               The
               securing
               the
               Titles
               of
               the
               Lands
               after
               they
               are
               so
               settled
            
             :
             And
             this
             is
             intended
             by
             the
             Settlement
             already
             executed
             and
             practised
             ,
             whereby
             it
             is
             declared
             that
             the
             Lands
             conveyed
             pursuant
             to
             that
             Settlement
             ,
             (
             as
             long
             as
             they
             stand
             so
             conveyed
             )
             shall
             not
             be
             subject
             to
             any
             other
             Incumbrances
             than
             what
             shall
             be
             charged
             thereon
             by
             the
             Owners
             thereof
             ,
             in
             the
             Register-Books
             of
             the
             Bank
             ;
             by
             which
             the
             Lawyers
             are
             of
             Opinion
             ,
             that
             the
             Lands
             will
             be
             protected
             against
             any
             other
             future
             Incumbrance
             .
             But
             to
             put
             
             that
             out
             of
             all
             doubt
             ,
             it
             was
             inserted
             in
             the
             Act
             ,
             which
             can
             be
             no
             Unjustice
             to
             any
             ,
             (
             as
             a
             Register
             with
             a
             Retrospect
             might
             be
             )
             being
             only
             the
             initiating
             of
             a
             voluntary
             Register
             ,
             to
             be
             perfected
             by
             time
             .
          
           
             The
             Third
             Clause
             relating
             to
             Lands
             in
             the
             last
             Act
             ,
             and
             now
             humbly
             represented
             ,
             is
             ,
             
               A
               power
               by
               publick
               sale
               to
               sell
               the
               Mortgaged
               Lands
               ,
               in
               case
               the
               Money
               lent
               thereon
               by
               the
               Bank
               be
               demanded
               ,
               and
               unpaid
               six
               years
               together
            
             ;
             and
             with
             the
             Money
             arising
             by
             sale
             to
             Discharge
             the
             Mortgage-Monies
             ,
             returning
             the
             Overplus
             to
             the
             Owner
             of
             the
             Lands
             .
             And
             this
             will
             save
             Expences
             in
             Suits
             ,
             which
             must
             otherwise
             be
             charged
             on
             the
             Lands
             .
          
           
             There
             are
             other
             Clauses
             for
             Transferring
             the
             Bills
             ,
             Searching
             of
             Judgments
             ,
             &c.
             for
             the
             better
             
             Security
             and
             Conveniency
             of
             the
             Bank.
             
          
           
             And
             that
             this
             Constitution
             may
             not
             be
             diverted
             from
             the
             end
             proposed
             and
             intended
             ,
             we
             shall
             think
             it
             no
             Penalty
             that
             the
             Bank
             may
             be
             restrained
             from
             issuing
             out
             any
             Bills
             ,
             but
             what
             shall
             be
             charged
             upon
             Lands
             conveyed
             unto
             them
             ,
             which
             is
             more
             restrictive
             than
             all
             the
             Clauses
             drawn
             for
             that
             purpose
             by
             the
             late
             Opposers
             of
             the
             Act.
             
          
           
             Now
             all
             these
             being
             Conveniencies
             only
             ,
             grantable
             by
             the
             Legislative
             Power
             ,
             without
             charging
             any
             Mans
             Property
             ,
             and
             the
             use
             of
             them
             seeming
             so
             necessary
             and
             advantagious
             ,
             
               It
               cannot
               be
               doubted
               but
               the
               Legislative
               Power
               will
               encourage
               this
               Invention
               ,
               by
               reviving
               these
               Clauses
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Fifteenth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               it
               cannot
               be
               doubted
               but
               the
               Owners
               of
               the
               Lands
               will
               readily
               receive
               and
               use
               this
               Invention
               .
            
          
           
             Silver
             and
             Gold
             are
             Forreign
             Commodities
             ,
             
             bought
             of
             those
             who
             are
             sometimes
             our
             Allies
             ,
             and
             sometimes
             our
             Enemies
             ,
             and
             we
             (
             by
             virtue
             of
             our
             Agreements
             )
             have
             made
             them
             Money
             ,
             to
             the
             depreciating
             the
             value
             of
             our
             own
             Lands
             ;
             and
             shall
             not
             we
             (
             by
             the
             same
             Agreements
             )
             make
             Money
             of
             our
             Lands
             ,
             which
             will
             cost
             nothing
             ,
             and
             double
             the
             value
             of
             the
             Lands
             by
             doing
             it
             ?
             Never
             was
             any
             thing
             more
             eagerly
             received
             than
             Proposals
             for
             lowering
             the
             Interest
             of
             Money
             ,
             insomuch
             that
             the
             Notions
             
             of
             it
             dispersed
             in
             common
             Pamphlets
             ,
             brought
             men
             out
             of
             all
             Countreys
             ,
             only
             to
             hear
             silly
             Men
             talk
             about
             it
             .
             Perhaps
             some
             Ceremonies
             may
             be
             used
             in
             the
             Order
             and
             precedency
             of
             coming
             into
             this
             Invention
             .
             When
             that
             Doctrine
             (
             which
             we
             now
             profess
             to
             be
             our
             Religion
             )
             was
             first
             vented
             in
             the
             World
             ,
             the
             Priests
             and
             Rulers
             stood
             off
             ,
             and
             would
             not
             meddle
             with
             it
             ,
             because
             they
             were
             safely
             posted
             at
             the
             head
             of
             the
             Church
             and
             State
             ,
             and
             had
             no
             occasion
             to
             expose
             their
             Reputation
             ,
             by
             turning
             Projectors
             ,
             and
             venturing
             upon
             a
             new
             thing
             ,
             before
             they
             knew
             whether
             it
             would
             take
             or
             not
             ;
             and
             therefore
             they
             set
             the
             Publicans
             and
             Harlots
             (
             who
             thought
             themselves
             to
             have
             most
             need
             of
             it
             )
             to
             go
             in
             first
             ,
             to
             try
             the
             Experiment
             ;
             but
             when
             they
             found
             that
             the
             thing
             would
             do
             ,
             they
             all
             fell
             
             in
             to
             it
             one
             after
             another
             ,
             'till
             at
             last
             it
             came
             to
             be
             as
             scandalous
             to
             be
             out
             of
             it
             ,
             as
             it
             was
             at
             first
             to
             be
             in
             it
             .
             I
             know
             the
             thing
             now
             proposed
             is
             New
             ,
             and
             therefore
             I
             expect
             that
             those
             who
             are
             a
             cold
             must
             first
             blow
             this
             Coal
             ,
             but
             when
             't
             is
             once
             kindled
             ,
             it
             can
             never
             want
             Fuel
             to
             maintain
             the
             Fire
             .
             We
             call
             them
             Fops
             who
             invent
             new
             Fashions
             ,
             and
             yet
             we
             all
             follow
             them
             one
             after
             another
             ;
             some
             will
             have
             them
             in
             a
             Week
             ,
             others
             in
             a
             Month
             ,
             some
             in
             a
             Year
             after
             they
             are
             in
             ,
             and
             some
             seven
             Years
             after
             they
             are
             out
             ;
             and
             so
             it
             is
             in
             the
             change
             of
             other
             Customs
             ;
             for
             if
             Men
             should
             be
             all
             of
             the
             same
             mind
             together
             ,
             the
             crowd
             would
             hinder
             the
             doing
             the
             business
             they
             come
             about
             .
             Men
             fall
             into
             things
             one
             after
             another
             ,
             as
             their
             Occasions
             and
             Inducements
             lead
             them
             .
             There
             is
             
             no
             Profit
             in
             the
             World
             made
             certain
             :
             All
             Gain
             depends
             upon
             the
             contingent
             Occasions
             and
             Necessities
             of
             others
             ;
             a
             Lawyer
             is
             not
             sure
             of
             Clients
             ,
             nor
             a
             Physitian
             of
             Patients
             ,
             nor
             a
             Landlord
             of
             Tenants
             ,
             nor
             a
             Monied
             Man
             of
             any
             one
             to
             borrow
             of
             him
             ,
             but
             they
             all
             expect
             the
             Necessities
             of
             others
             to
             support
             themselves
             by
             ;
             and
             
               therefore
               the
               present
               Necessities
               requiring
               the
               use
               of
               this
               Invention
               ,
               it
               cannot
               be
               doubted
               but
               the
               Owners
               of
               the
               Lands
               will
               readily
               receive
               and
               use
               it
            
             ;
             and
             by
             so
             doing
             they
             enter
             into
             other
             Mens
             Labours
             ,
             their
             Estates
             are
             improved
             to
             their
             Hands
             ,
             without
             their
             Heads
             or
             Thoughts
             .
             Let
             but
             the
             reservation
             of
             their
             Leases
             be
             made
             thus
             ,
             
               Yielding
               therefore
               the
               Summe
               of
            
             100
             l.
             
               in
               Lawful
               Money
               of
            
             England
             ,
             
               Or
               in
               Bills
               of
               the
            
             Land-Bank
             ,
             and
             
               This
               short
               Disjunctive
            
             makes
             the
             Bills
             Lawful
             Money
             of
             
             England
             ,
             and
             the
             Owners
             of
             the
             Lands
             to
             be
             Bankers
             upon
             the
             Credit
             of
             their
             own
             Estates
             .
          
        
         
           
             Sixteenth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               a
               General
               Consent
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               to
               receive
               and
               use
               this
               Invention
               ,
               would
               cause
               a
               sudden
               fall
               of
               the
               Price
               of
               Money
               ,
               notwithstanding
               the
               practice
               and
               execution
               of
               it
               could
               not
               be
               immediately
               made
               general
               .
            
          
           
             By
             General
             I
             don't
             mean
             Universal
             ,
             
             that
             every
             Man
             should
             set
             his
             Hand
             to
             it
             ,
             but
             a
             common
             Approbation
             of
             it
             by
             those
             who
             know
             it
             .
             Men
             deal
             upon
             Prospects
             of
             what
             is
             like
             to
             be
             :
             Merchants
             
             and
             Ttraders
             have
             gotten
             Estates
             ,
             by
             foreseeing
             the
             rise
             or
             fall
             of
             Commodities
             ,
             and
             't
             is
             observed
             amongst
             them
             ,
             that
             an
             extravagant
             price
             of
             any
             Commodity
             doth
             produce
             a
             sudden
             fall
             ,
             by
             putting
             Mens
             Heads
             to
             work
             to
             procure
             more
             of
             the
             same
             kind
             ,
             or
             to
             invent
             something
             else
             instead
             of
             it
             .
             And
             did
             the
             present
             Owners
             of
             Money
             foresee
             a
             fall
             of
             it
             ,
             by
             providing
             a
             Supply
             of
             another
             Species
             ,
             they
             would
             part
             with
             it
             as
             they
             do
             with
             other
             Commodities
             ,
             under
             the
             like
             apprehensions
             .
             There
             is
             no
             way
             to
             break
             Game-Houses
             but
             to
             keep
             out
             of
             them
             ,
             nor
             any
             way
             to
             fall
             the
             price
             of
             Money
             ,
             but
             to
             lessen
             the
             occasions
             of
             it
             .
             
               That
               therefore
            
             ,
             &c.
             
          
        
         
           
           
             Seventeenth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               the
               Reviving
               these
               Clauses
               in
               the
               beginning
               of
               the
               approaching
               Sessions
               ,
               will
               almost
               amount
               to
               an
               Vnanimous
               Consent
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               to
               receive
               and
               use
               this
               Invention
               ;
               and
               will
               thereby
               facilitate
               the
               raising
               the
               present
               Supplyes
               for
               the
               Government
               ,
               by
               a
               sudden
               fall
               of
               the
               Price
               of
               Money
               .
            
          
           
             It
             is
             not
             intended
             by
             reviving
             these
             Clauses
             in
             the
             beginning
             of
             the
             Sessions
             ,
             
             that
             the
             Supplies
             of
             the
             Government
             should
             be
             post-poned
             ,
             but
             first
             provided
             for
             .
             The
             Government
             
             is
             the
             fence
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             without
             which
             the
             Subjects
             cannot
             enjoy
             their
             Properties
             ,
             and
             therefore
             to
             provide
             for
             our selves
             before
             the
             publick
             ,
             is
             as
             if
             a
             Man
             should
             sow
             his
             Corn
             before
             he
             hath
             enclosed
             his
             Ground
             .
             And
             as
             our
             own
             Security
             obliges
             us
             to
             provide
             for
             future
             Defence
             ,
             so
             Justice
             and
             Gratitude
             calls
             for
             the
             Arrears
             of
             the
             Army
             and
             Navy
             ,
             who
             have
             fought
             upon
             the
             Honour
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             to
             preserve
             us
             at
             home
             in
             Peace
             ;
             and
             therefore
             they
             who
             have
             enjoyed
             that
             repose
             ,
             cannot
             truly
             call
             any
             thing
             their
             own
             ,
             'till
             they
             have
             made
             Provision
             to
             pay
             the
             utmost
             Farthing
             of
             so
             just
             a
             Debt
             .
          
           
             But
             the
             present
             Owners
             of
             Monies
             depending
             that
             there
             will
             be
             a
             Necessity
             of
             raising
             the
             value
             of
             the
             Coin
             ,
             (
             as
             the
             Term
             is
             )
             will
             not
             deliver
             it
             out
             of
             their
             Possession
             to
             others
             ,
             to
             receive
             the
             advantage
             
             of
             the
             rise
             ,
             and
             'till
             this
             matter
             be
             adjusted
             ,
             they
             who
             want
             Money
             must
             pay
             Extortion
             instead
             of
             Interest
             .
             Now
             as
             to
             the
             thing
             it self
             of
             raising
             the
             Coin
             ,
             to
             me
             it
             seems
             ,
             
               As
               to
               past
               Contracts
            
             ,
             to
             be
             an
             inversion
             of
             Agreements
             ,
             (
             of
             which
             I
             have
             before
             wrote
             my
             thoughts
             )
             and
             
               as
               to
               future
               Contracts
            
             ,
             to
             be
             wholly
             insignificant
             ,
             for
             if
             I
             am
             to
             repay
             the
             same
             Money
             I
             receive
             ,
             't
             is
             no
             matter
             what
             the
             weight
             of
             it
             be
             .
             And
             
               upon
               the
               whole
            
             ,
             it
             seems
             to
             have
             a
             Trick
             in
             it
             ,
             which
             must
             be
             shewed
             but
             once
             ,
             like
             the
             splitting
             of
             shares
             in
             Joint-stocks
             ,
             to
             multiply
             them
             in
             the
             Hands
             of
             those
             whose
             they
             then
             are
             ,
             that
             ,
             before
             the
             fallacy
             is
             found
             out
             ,
             they
             may
             sell
             them
             (
             by
             number
             )
             to
             others
             ,
             who
             come
             to
             the
             right
             understanding
             of
             it
             by
             the
             fall
             of
             them
             in
             their
             own
             Hands
             :
             By
             which
             I
             would
             not
             be
             thought
             to
             reflect
             on
             
             those
             Gentlemen
             (
             whose
             Opinions
             have
             seemed
             for
             it
             )
             as
             designing
             any
             ill
             ,
             for
             I
             own
             that
             my
             first
             apprehensions
             of
             it
             were
             different
             from
             what
             I
             have
             now
             hinted
             ;
             tho'
             I
             never
             read
             the
             Arguments
             in
             it
             ,
             or
             ever
             concerned
             my self
             about
             it
             ;
             having
             waived
             the
             Study
             of
             it
             ,
             to
             find
             out
             another
             Species
             besides
             it
             .
             And
             therefore
             I
             desire
             that
             what
             I
             have
             here
             offered
             as
             my
             present
             Conceptions
             of
             it
             ,
             may
             not
             be
             taken
             as
             any
             part
             of
             my
             Argument
             .
          
           
             The
             Drift
             of
             this
             Essay
             is
             to
             depreciate
             the
             Value
             of
             our
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             ,
             as
             it
             now
             is
             ,
             by
             making
             another
             Species
             more
             valuable
             than
             that
             ,
             by
             the
             acceptance
             of
             it
             at
             a
             higher
             rate
             .
             It
             is
             to
             undersell
             the
             Spaniards
             ,
             by
             making
             Money
             of
             our
             home
             Manufacture
             ,
             without
             any
             other
             charge
             than
             some
             Paper
             or
             Parchment
             ;
             and
             if
             the
             Legislative
             
             Power
             (
             in
             the
             beginning
             of
             the
             approaching
             Sessions
             )
             shall
             be
             pleased
             to
             declare
             their
             Resolution
             against
             raising
             the
             denomination
             of
             the
             value
             of
             the
             Coin
             ,
             and
             will
             second
             that
             Resolution
             with
             reviving
             these
             Clauses
             ,
             it
             will
             almost
             amount
             to
             a
             general
             Consent
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             to
             receive
             and
             use
             this
             Invention
             .
             An
             Act
             of
             Parliament
             is
             an
             Agreement
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ;
             for
             tho'
             I
             have
             before
             (
             by
             way
             of
             Argument
             )
             supposed
             an
             Act
             to
             pass
             contrary
             to
             the
             Nature
             of
             Laws
             ,
             yet
             it
             is
             not
             to
             be
             supposed
             that
             the
             Wisdom
             of
             the
             Legislative
             Power
             will
             ever
             do
             this
             in
             Fact.
             And
             I
             dare
             imitate
             the
             Prophet
             ,
             to
             fore-tell
             ,
             That
             a
             Bill
             of
             Revivor
             (
             grounded
             upon
             these
             Reasons
             )
             passed
             into
             a
             Law
             ,
             will
             cause
             as
             sudden
             and
             unexpected
             a
             fall
             to
             the
             price
             of
             Money
             in
             England
             ,
             as
             the
             Noise
             heard
             in
             the
             Camp
             of
             the
             
             Syrians
             did
             to
             the
             
               price
               of
               Provisions
            
             in
             the
             Seige
             of
             Samaria
             ,
             and
             thereby
             give
             occasion
             to
             use
             the
             Acclamation
             of
             the
             Poet
             upon
             another
             Event
             ,
          
           
             
               —
               Quod
               ,
               optanti
               divum
               promittere
               nemo
            
             
               Auderet
               ,
               volvenda
               dies
               én
               attulit
               ultrò
               .
            
          
           
             
               What
               Heaven
               durst
               not
               promise
               them
               that
               pray
               ,
            
             
               Here
               's
               of
               it self
               produced
               in
               a
               day
               .
            
          
        
         
           
           
             Eighteenth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               a
               Settlement
               of
               a
               Bank
               for
               Lands
               distinct
               by
               it self
               ,
               without
               annexing
               it
               to
               the
               Supplyes
               of
               the
               Government
               ,
               seems
               the
               best
               Establishment
               of
               it
               .
            
          
           
             The
             Government
             wanting
             their
             Supplies
             in
             Species
             of
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             ,
             
             the
             Subscriptions
             for
             that
             purpose
             must
             be
             made
             by
             those
             who
             have
             the
             possession
             of
             the
             Money
             ,
             who
             being
             (
             for
             the
             greatest
             part
             )
             Merchants
             and
             Traders
             ,
             must
             thereby
             have
             the
             first
             possession
             of
             the
             Bank
             ;
             and
             they
             being
             unacquainted
             with
             the
             Securities
             of
             Lands
             ,
             and
             accustomed
             to
             more
             present
             Gains
             then
             low
             Interest
             seems
             to
             them
             to
             be
             ,
             they
             will
             endeavour
             to
             divert
             
             their
             Credit
             from
             Lands
             to
             what
             they
             apprehend
             more
             profitable
             ,
             and
             of
             this
             we
             have
             had
             an
             Example
             in
             the
             Bank
             of
             England
             :
             Whereas
             if
             a
             Bank
             for
             Lands
             be
             established
             by
             it self
             ,
             their
             Occasions
             for
             Money
             will
             arise
             by
             degrees
             ,
             and
             may
             be
             raised
             by
             the
             Owners
             of
             the
             Land
             themselves
             ,
             either
             in
             Money
             ,
             or
             in
             Securities
             on
             their
             Lands
             ,
             which
             (
             by
             the
             assistance
             of
             this
             Invention
             )
             will
             be
             equally
             useful
             as
             Money
             of
             Gold
             or
             Silver
             :
             
               That
               therefore
            
             ,
             &c.
             
          
        
         
           
           
             Nineteenth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               a
               Bank
               thus
               established
               ,
               will
               be
               a
               greater
               Security
               to
               the
               Government
               for
               the
               future
               ,
               than
               a
               Bank
               set
               up
               for
               that
               purpose
               only
               .
            
          
           
             Cursed
             be
             he
             that
             divideth
             the
             Interest
             of
             the
             Government
             and
             People
             .
             
             Private
             Subjects
             have
             all
             along
             supplied
             the
             Government
             with
             Money
             ,
             through
             the
             Bank
             of
             England
             as
             their
             Casheir
             ,
             who
             have
             taken
             upon
             them
             to
             dispose
             of
             it
             as
             their
             own
             ,
             and
             magnified
             themselves
             to
             the
             Publick
             for
             it
             ,
             which
             hath
             put
             a
             Disobligation
             upon
             their
             Creditors
             ,
             that
             those
             that
             have
             only
             the
             Receipt
             of
             the
             Money
             ,
             should
             
             be
             esteemed
             the
             Owners
             of
             it
             :
             Now
             in
             this
             Bank
             here
             proposed
             ,
             the
             Bank
             lends
             the
             Subjects
             ,
             and
             enables
             them
             to
             execute
             the
             grateful
             office
             of
             lending
             the
             Money
             to
             the
             Publick
             with
             their
             own
             Hands
             ,
             and
             to
             receive
             the
             Profit
             of
             it
             ,
             and
             yet
             the
             Bank
             is
             as
             serviceable
             to
             the
             Crown
             ,
             as
             if
             they
             lent
             them
             the
             Money
             directly
             ,
             because
             it
             is
             incumbent
             on
             the
             Bank
             to
             pay
             the
             Bills
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             most
             difficult
             part
             in
             all
             Accounts
             :
             And
             is
             not
             the
             Crown
             more
             secure
             in
             being
             supplied
             by
             a
             Bank
             ,
             whose
             Securities
             are
             charged
             on
             the
             Lands
             ,
             and
             their
             Credit
             supported
             by
             the
             Receipts
             of
             the
             Rents
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             than
             by
             a
             Bank
             to
             which
             the
             King
             himself
             is
             forced
             to
             give
             the
             chiefest
             Credit
             by
             receiving
             their
             Bills
             in
             the
             publick
             Revenues
             ,
             to
             his
             loss
             ?
             
               That
               therefore
               a
               Bank
               thus
               established
               will
               be
               greater
               Security
               to
               the
               Government
               for
               
               the
               future
               ,
               than
               a
               Bank
               set
               up
               for
               that
               purpose
               only
               .
            
          
        
         
           
             Twentieth
             Assertion
             .
          
           
             
               That
               an
               Vnanimous
               Consent
               in
               this
               Establishment
               ,
               would
               be
               a
               happy
               Event
               of
               the
               War.
               
            
          
           
             By
             the
             Constitution
             of
             the
             Government
             of
             England
             ,
             
             the
             Execution
             of
             the
             Law
             is
             vested
             in
             the
             Body
             Politick
             of
             the
             King
             ,
             that
             he
             may
             stand
             seiz'd
             thereof
             to
             the
             use
             of
             the
             Subjects
             ,
             for
             preserving
             their
             Liberties
             and
             Estates
             ;
             and
             whenever
             that
             Trust
             is
             broken
             ,
             the
             Subjects
             having
             no
             Court
             of
             Equity
             to
             appeal
             to
             ,
             are
             driven
             to
             their
             Arms
             ,
             and
             the
             Descent
             of
             his
             present
             Majesty
             with
             his
             Forreign
             Troops
             into
             England
             ,
             was
             to
             head
             the
             Subjects
             against
             
             the
             Invasion
             of
             their
             Liberties
             ,
             begun
             upon
             them
             by
             him
             ,
             who
             then
             had
             the
             possession
             of
             the
             Crown
             ,
             which
             being
             translated
             to
             his
             present
             Majesty
             ,
             put
             him
             into
             the
             possession
             of
             the
             Law
             ,
             and
             thereby
             the
             Subjects
             into
             the
             use
             of
             their
             Liberties
             under
             him
             .
             But
             to
             maintain
             this
             Possession
             ,
             it
             was
             absolutely
             necessary
             to
             begin
             the
             War
             against
             a
             Forreign
             Power
             ,
             who
             had
             made
             themselves
             formidable
             by
             unjust
             acquisitions
             from
             their
             Neighbours
             ;
             and
             this
             War
             hath
             and
             will
             cost
             us
             forty
             Millions
             of
             Money
             ,
             directly
             advanced
             to
             maintain
             it
             ,
             besides
             the
             Losses
             by
             Sea
             ,
             and
             yet
             't
             is
             the
             best
             Money
             that
             ever
             the
             Subjects
             spent
             ;
             for
             by
             this
             they
             have
             preserved
             the
             whole
             ,
             which
             otherwise
             had
             been
             lost
             before
             now
             ,
             and
             therefore
             according
             to
             that
             Saying
             ,
             
               What
               is
               saved
               is
               got
            
             ,
             the
             Expence
             and
             Loss
             of
             the
             War
             hath
             purchased
             
             three
             Kingdoms
             ,
             with
             which
             we
             may
             rest
             well
             satisfied
             ,
             without
             the
             fond
             Conceipt
             of
             the
             Conquest
             of
             France
             ,
             which
             is
             to
             ask
             we
             know
             not
             what
             .
          
           
             But
             as
             a
             Reward
             to
             the
             Subjects
             for
             their
             Zeal
             and
             Bravery
             in
             expending
             so
             large
             a
             part
             of
             their
             present
             Possessions
             ,
             to
             convey
             the
             Reversion
             of
             their
             Estates
             and
             Liberties
             to
             their
             Posterity
             ,
             here
             seems
             a
             fair
             Opportunity
             offer'd
             (
             occasion'd
             by
             the
             Expence
             of
             the
             War
             )
             for
             improving
             their
             own
             Estates
             ,
             with
             their
             Wives
             and
             Families
             at
             home
             ,
             which
             is
             better
             than
             transplanting
             themselves
             to
             Forreign
             Conquests
             .
             Would
             but
             the
             Gentlemen
             of
             England
             for
             one
             Year
             spend
             as
             much
             time
             and
             pains
             in
             their
             several
             Countyes
             to
             promote
             this
             Invention
             ,
             as
             they
             do
             to
             manure
             two
             Acres
             of
             Land
             ,
             they
             would
             find
             the
             Improvements
             increasing
             
             upon
             them
             a
             sufficient
             Encouragement
             to
             proceed
             in
             it
             ,
             'till
             they
             had
             made
             themselves
             rich
             ,
             and
             from
             their
             abundance
             the
             Necessities
             of
             the
             Poor
             would
             be
             supplyed
             .
             I
             can
             say
             truly
             ,
             that
             the
             Miseries
             of
             the
             Poor
             do
             affect
             me
             ,
             and
             yet
             I
             never
             had
             thoughts
             of
             Proposing
             any
             thing
             directly
             for
             their
             Releif
             ,
             apprehending
             their
             chiefest
             dependance
             to
             be
             upon
             the
             Superfluities
             of
             the
             rich
             ;
             and
             this
             was
             the
             Provision
             made
             for
             them
             by
             the
             first
             Law
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             which
             forbid
             the
             rakeing
             of
             the
             Corn
             ,
             that
             the
             Poor
             might
             live
             upon
             the
             Gleanings
             ,
             and
             the
             leavings
             of
             the
             Poor
             is
             the
             Provision
             for
             the
             Fowls
             of
             the
             Air
             —
             Whereas
             raising
             the
             Rates
             for
             the
             Poor
             ,
             without
             adding
             something
             to
             those
             that
             are
             taxed
             ,
             doth
             insensibly
             draw
             the
             Scot
             and
             Lot-men
             into
             the
             Poors-book
             ,
             the
             Rates
             mulitiplying
             
             the
             Poor
             as
             fast
             as
             the
             Poor
             multiply
             the
             Rates
             —
             But
             let
             more
             be
             given
             to
             them
             who
             have
             the
             possession
             of
             much
             already
             ,
             and
             somewhat
             of
             it
             will
             naturally
             fall
             to
             them
             that
             have
             nothing
             .
          
           
             As
             for
             the
             King
             himself
             ,
             (
             whose
             Success
             is
             our
             Safety
             )
             I
             can't
             conceive
             him
             capable
             of
             any
             greater
             or
             less
             Enjoyment
             than
             his
             own
             Complacency
             in
             that
             Choice
             which
             hath
             descended
             upon
             him
             from
             Providence
             ,
             to
             be
             the
             Deliverer
             of
             that
             People
             who
             have
             also
             chosen
             him
             for
             their
             Defender
             :
             And
             tho'
             his
             
               Allyance
               by
               Blood
            
             be
             the
             initiating
             of
             his
             Title
             to
             the
             Crown
             ,
             yet
             his
             Election
             thereunto
             is
             his
             highest
             Personal
             Honour
             .
             
               To
               be
               a
               King
            
             is
             a
             mean
             thing
             in
             comparison
             of
             being
             made
             one
             .
             The
             
               Redeemer
               of
               the
               World
            
             was
             an
             Office
             of
             that
             state
             and
             dignity
             ,
             that
             his
             Harbinger
             is
             declared
             to
             be
             the
             
             highest
             post
             of
             Honour
             that
             ever
             Man
             stood
             possessed
             of
             ,
             and
             yet
             't
             is
             said
             of
             this
             Redeemer
             ,
             
               He
               gloryed
               not
               that
               he
               was
               an
               High
               Priest
               ,
               but
               that
               he
               was
            
             made
             
               an
               High
               Priest
            
             :
             He
             did
             not
             magnifie
             himself
             that
             he
             was
             the
             Redeemer
             of
             the
             World
             ,
             but
             that
             he
             was
             
               Chosen
               by
               God
            
             to
             be
             so
             .
          
           
             And
             I
             am
             glad
             to
             find
             my
             Arguments
             terminate
             here
             ,
             for
             by
             this
             I
             know
             I
             have
             done
             ,
             because
             I
             have
             run
             it
             where
             I
             can
             go
             no
             further
             :
             Nor
             did
             I
             know
             what
             I
             was
             going
             to
             do
             ,
             when
             I
             first
             put
             Pen
             to
             Paper
             ,
             or
             where
             I
             should
             begin
             or
             end
             ,
             but
             having
             seen
             and
             (
             for
             some
             years
             )
             felt
             the
             extravagant
             rate
             of
             Money
             ,
             I
             resolved
             to
             search
             the
             Pedigree
             of
             it
             ,
             (
             as
             Men
             do
             of
             Upstarts
             preferred
             above
             their
             Merit
             )
             and
             if
             I
             should
             find
             it
             of
             an
             Honourable
             
             Descent
             ,
             and
             absolutely
             necessary
             ,
             I
             resolved
             to
             conceal
             it
             ,
             but
             if
             I
             could
             trace
             its
             Original
             to
             be
             mean
             and
             inconsiderable
             ,
             I
             resolved
             to
             expose
             it
             ,
             thereby
             to
             vilifye
             it
             in
             Mens
             Thoughts
             ,
             as
             not
             so
             indispensably
             necessary
             as
             't
             is
             generally
             apprehended
             :
             Not
             but
             that
             Money
             is
             absolutely
             necessary
             ,
             but
             not
             the
             very
             Money
             of
             Gold
             and
             Silver
             .
             And
             in
             pursuit
             of
             this
             Enquiry
             ,
             I
             found
             that
             tho'
             the
             common
             use
             of
             this
             (
             as
             of
             other
             things
             )
             be
             obvious
             unto
             all
             ,
             yet
             when
             we
             would
             dissect
             them
             ,
             to
             search
             out
             the
             manner
             of
             their
             Subsistence
             and
             Operations
             ,
             we
             find
             them
             all
             fastned
             down
             to
             the
             Root
             of
             Nature
             ,
             by
             certain
             Fibers
             ,
             which
             we
             must
             digg
             down
             to
             ,
             and
             trace
             from
             thence
             into
             all
             the
             Labyrinths
             of
             Succession
             ,
             feeling
             all
             our
             way
             by
             that
             thread
             .
             There
             are
             no
             Fractions
             in
             Nature
             ,
             nor
             any
             things
             independant
             ,
             they
             are
             all
             
             linked
             to
             one
             another
             in
             a
             continued
             Chain
             ,
             which
             reaches
             from
             the
             Creation
             to
             Eternity
             :
             And
             I
             have
             so
             far
             endeavoured
             to
             imitate
             Nature
             in
             what
             I
             have
             written
             ,
             as
             to
             argue
             from
             a
             Chain
             of
             Positions
             ,
             successively
             depending
             upon
             one
             another
             ,
             which
             is
             the
             most
             dangerous
             way
             of
             arguing
             ,
             because
             if
             one
             Position
             happens
             to
             be
             false
             ,
             it
             vitiates
             all
             that
             follow
             :
             But
             there
             is
             no
             finding
             out
             the
             Truth
             any
             other
             way
             .
             'T
             is
             an
             easie
             matter
             to
             frame
             Sentences
             ,
             and
             dance
             up
             and
             down
             with
             them
             and
             never
             be
             discovered
             whether
             they
             are
             true
             or
             false
             ,
             because
             the
             Notions
             are
             not
             digested
             into
             such
             a
             Method
             ,
             that
             either
             the
             Writer
             or
             Reader
             can
             judge
             of
             them
             :
             But
             when
             the
             Assertions
             are
             positive
             ,
             and
             the
             Arguments
             to
             prove
             them
             follow
             immediately
             upon
             them
             ,
             the
             Writer
             and
             Reader
             can
             the
             better
             judge
             of
             them
             ,
             as
             
             they
             go
             along
             ;
             and
             if
             every
             individual
             be
             true
             by
             it self
             ,
             then
             the
             whole
             is
             true
             altogether
             ,
             or
             else
             not
             .
             And
             upon
             review
             of
             what
             I
             have
             written
             ,
             it
             all
             seems
             to
             me
             to
             be
             true
             ,
             or
             else
             I
             would
             not
             publish
             it
             ;
             but
             yet
             my
             Arguments
             may
             be
             fantastical
             and
             fallacious
             ,
             tho'
             I
             don't
             know
             it
             ,
             therefore
             I
             offer
             them
             to
             be
             scanned
             by
             others
             .
          
           
             
               Truth
               made
               manifest
            
             is
             the
             Foundation
             I
             have
             aimed
             at
             ,
             and
             tho'
             my
             Assertions
             seem
             bold
             ,
             I
             hope
             my
             Proofs
             do
             manifest
             them
             to
             be
             true
             ;
             and
             if
             in
             finding
             out
             the
             Truth
             I
             have
             spoken
             more
             plainly
             and
             freely
             of
             some
             things
             that
             have
             fallen
             into
             my
             Arguments
             ,
             than
             otherwise
             I
             should
             do
             ,
             I
             hope
             the
             Truth
             found
             out
             will
             excuse
             my
             manner
             of
             Enquiry
             after
             it
             .
          
           
             And
             to
             clench
             the
             Nail
             ,
             I
             'll
             venture
             to
             fling
             in
             a
             bolder
             Assertion
             than
             all
             the
             rest
             ,
             
               That
               there
               is
               no
               other
               
               Foundation
               to
               build
               and
               support
               the
               Credit
               of
               the
               Kingdom
               upon
               ,
               than
               the
               very
               thing
               hereby
               proposed
            
             :
             But
             this
             being
             a
             Negative
             ;
             I
             'll
             let
             it
             stand
             to
             be
             falsifyed
             by
             those
             who
             will
             prove
             the
             contrary
             ,
             by
             doing
             it
             .
             Nor
             do
             I
             say
             that
             there
             is
             nothing
             else
             to
             be
             done
             ,
             but
             that
             this
             ought
             not
             to
             be
             left
             undone
             ,
             for
             tho'
             the
             present
             Supplies
             could
             be
             otherwise
             raised
             ,
             the
             growing
             Interest
             of
             Money
             will
             eat
             out
             the
             Kingdom
             ,
             unless
             something
             be
             laid
             to
             the
             Root
             of
             it
             ,
             to
             eat
             out
             that
             .
             The
             Interest
             of
             Money
             hath
             such
             a
             Spell
             in
             it
             ,
             that
             were
             the
             whole
             Coin
             of
             the
             Kingdom
             but
             ten
             thousand
             Pounds
             ,
             the
             Rate
             of
             Interest
             for
             that
             Summ
             would
             set
             a
             price
             upon
             all
             the
             Lands
             in
             England
             ,
             which
             are
             computed
             at
             15
             Millions
             
               per
               Annum
            
             ;
             and
             the
             less
             principal
             Money
             there
             is
             ,
             the
             higher
             the
             Interest
             rises
             ,
             therefore
             there
             is
             no
             way
             to
             
             fall
             the
             Interest
             but
             to
             multiply
             the
             Principal
             .
             
               In
               the
               time
               of
               the
               Late
               Revolutions
               ,
            
             upon
             reading
             a
             Bill
             in
             the
             House
             of
             Commons
             ,
             Entituled
             ,
             
               An
               Ordinance
               for
               suppressing
               the
               Horrible
               Sin
               of
               Adultery
               ,
            
             a
             Member
             there
             moved
             that
             the
             Title
             might
             be
             ,
             
               An
               Ordinance
               for
               the
               more
               secret
               committing
               the
               Horrible
               Sin
               of
               Adultery
            
             :
             And
             considering
             how
             Usury
             and
             Extortion
             have
             thriven
             under
             all
             the
             Laws
             made
             against
             them
             ,
             the
             Titles
             of
             the
             Acts
             for
             that
             purpose
             might
             have
             been
             ,
             
               For
               the
               more
               Artificial
               taking
               Extortion
               and
               Usury
               .
            
             Now
             in
             multiplying
             the
             Principal
             of
             Money
             ,
             perhaps
             other
             Securities
             may
             be
             so
             formed
             ,
             as
             to
             supply
             the
             use
             of
             Monies
             as
             well
             as
             the
             Securities
             on
             Lands
             .
             But
             the
             Credit
             of
             them
             must
             depend
             upon
             their
             Alliance
             with
             Lands
             ,
             especially
             since
             the
             Owners
             of
             the
             Lands
             (
             having
             Intimation
             of
             their
             Strength
             )
             will
             
             be
             able
             to
             suppress
             any
             Credit
             that
             shall
             be
             set
             up
             in
             Prejudice
             to
             their
             Estates
             .
          
           
             And
             after
             all
             this
             ,
             had
             I
             not
             a
             greater
             Authority
             to
             justifie
             my
             Assertions
             than
             all
             the
             Arguments
             I
             have
             used
             to
             prove
             them
             ,
             I
             durst
             not
             be
             so
             bold
             ;
             but
             that
             I
             may
             not
             seem
             immodest
             by
             taking
             so
             much
             upon
             me
             ,
             I
             own
             my self
             ignorant
             of
             many
             other
             Accomplishments
             ,
             that
             I
             might
             attain
             to
             this
             ,
             I
             have
             waved
             all
             Advantages
             in
             my
             Profession
             ,
             to
             study
             
               A
               more
               convenient
               Settlement
               for
               Lands
            
             ;
             and
             therefore
             I
             hope
             the
             more
             Learned
             and
             Successful
             in
             that
             Science
             will
             not
             envy
             me
             ,
             if
             I
             should
             be
             the
             Author
             of
             an
             Improvement
             in
             that
             point
             ,
             and
             thereby
             entail
             upon
             my self
             the
             Despicable
             Name
             of
             a
             Projector
             for
             doing
             it
             :
             However
             
               as
               to
               that
            
             ,
             every
             Man
             is
             either
             a
             Projector
             ,
             by
             finding
             out
             New
             Forms
             ,
             or
             a
             Mechanick
             
             by
             copying
             after
             them
             :
             And
             if
             they
             who
             give
             me
             the
             Character
             of
             the
             former
             ,
             will
             please
             to
             accept
             the
             Title
             of
             the
             latter
             ,
             I
             shall
             not
             think
             my self
             affronted
             :
             Especially
             since
             the
             
               Sages
               of
               the
               Law
            
             themselves
             ,
             who
             have
             chosen
             that
             grave
             Sentence
             for
             their
             Motto
             ,
             
               Nolumus
               Leges
               Angliae
               mutare
            
             ,
             have
             been
             the
             Projectors
             of
             New
             Inventions
             in
             the
             Law
             ,
             which
             by
             time
             have
             grown
             into
             Customs
             .
             The
             Titles
             of
             the
             greatest
             part
             of
             the
             Lands
             in
             England
             do
             depend
             upon
             an
             Invention
             of
             the
             Lawyers
             ,
             in
             the
             manner
             of
             passing
             Recoveries
             to
             bar
             Estates
             Tail
             ,
             notwithstanding
             the
             Statute
             of
             Westminster
             2
             nd
             .
             For
             tho'
             the
             Writs
             on
             which
             these
             Recoveries
             are
             grounded
             ,
             were
             ancient
             ,
             yet
             the
             setting
             up
             a
             
               Common
               Vouchee
            
             ,
             the
             Appearance
             of
             all
             Parties
             
               without
               Proces
            
             ,
             Execution
             and
             Seisin
             and
             Returns
             of
             the
             Writs
             
               being
               
               all
               done
               together
               in
               an
               instant
               ,
            
             is
             a
             Project
             in
             the
             Law
             which
             by
             Custom
             hath
             gained
             the
             Name
             of
             
               A
               Common
               Recovery
            
             ,
             and
             is
             now
             become
             a
             Common
             Assurance
             of
             Lands
             .
             And
             as
             the
             Titles
             of
             Lands
             do
             thus
             depend
             upon
             an
             Invention
             in
             the
             Law
             ,
             so
             the
             manner
             now
             used
             for
             trying
             these
             Titles
             by
             Possessory
             Actions
             ,
             (
             
               termed
               Ejectments
            
             )
             is
             an
             Invention
             in
             the
             Law
             ,
             by
             the
             introducing
             of
             which
             the
             antient
             way
             of
             Tryals
             by
             
               real
               Actions
            
             is
             become
             so
             obsolete
             ,
             That
             
               at
               a
               Call
               of
               Serjeants
            
             the
             Counts
             and
             Pleadings
             in
             Formedons
             being
             transcribed
             from
             Precedents
             ,
             are
             delivered
             to
             these
             Graduates
             ,
             only
             to
             be
             read
             over
             by
             them
             ,
             
               as
               Reliques
               of
               the
               Law
            
             ,
             amongst
             other
             
               Antiquated
               Ceremonies
            
             used
             at
             that
             Solemnity
             .
          
           
             And
             if
             any
             thing
             be
             expected
             from
             me
             ,
             relating
             to
             the
             differences
             which
             have
             happened
             from
             
             passing
             the
             Act
             last
             Sessions
             ,
             I
             must
             say
             no
             more
             of
             it
             here
             ,
             than
             That
             all
             the
             Charges
             and
             Aspersions
             cast
             upon
             us
             from
             thence
             ,
             and
             the
             impeaching
             the
             Justice
             of
             the
             Parliament
             for
             establishing
             another
             Bank
             ,
             while
             THE
             Bank
             of
             England
             (
             whose
             Name
             or
             Essence
             never
             extended
             beyond
             1200000
             l.
             limitted
             them
             by
             the
             Act
             )
             is
             in
             being
             ,
             are
             so
             vain
             and
             ridiculous
             ,
             that
             
               to
               bind
               them
               up
               with
               the
               Names
               of
               God
               and
               the
               King
               ,
            
             (
             whom
             I
             have
             dared
             to
             insert
             in
             this
             Essay
             )
             would
             render
             me
             guilty
             of
             prophaneness
             and
             irreverence
             .
          
           
             
               Lincolns-Inn
               ,
               
                 Septemb.
                 1696.
                 
              
            
             
               J.
               Asgill
               .
            
          
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
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             .
          
           
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             .
          
           
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             .
          
           
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             .
          
           
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             .
          
           
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             .
          
           
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             .
          
           
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