







 
   
     
       
         A Designe for plentie, by an universall planting of fruit-trees: tendred by some wel-wishers to the publick.
      
       
         This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A87187 of text in the  English Short Title Catalog (Thomason E686_5). Textual changes  and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more  computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life.  The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with  MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish.  This text has not been fully proofread 
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         EarlyPrint Project
         Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO
         2017
         A87187
         Wing H984
         Thomason E686_5
         99862688
         99862688
         166420
         
           
            This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of
             Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal
            . The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
          
        
      
       
         Early English books online.
      
       
         (EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A87187)
         Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 166420)
         Images scanned from microfilm: (Thomason Tracts ; 106:E686[5])
      
       
         
           
             A Designe for plentie, by an universall planting of fruit-trees: tendred by some wel-wishers to the publick.
             Hartlib, Samuel, d. 1662.
          
           [8], 24 p.
           
             Printed for Richard Wodenothe in Leaden-hall street, over against Leaden-hall.,
             London, :
             [1652?]
          
           
             Editor's dedication signed: Samuel Hartlib.
             Refers to a treatise of Ralph Austin "which now he is putting to the presse, as by his own letter written in November last 1652 he doth informe me".
             Running title reads: A designe for plenty.
             Annotation on Thomason copy: "ffeb: (crossed out) 1652".
             Reproduction of the original in the British Library.
          
        
      
    
     
       
         eng
      
       
         
           Fruit trees -- England -- Early works to 1800.
           Food supply -- England -- Early works to 1800.
        
      
    
       A87187   (Thomason E686_5).  civilwar no A Designe for plentie,:  by an universall planting of fruit-trees: tendred by some wel-wishers to the publick. Hartlib, Samuel 1652    8988 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 B  The  rate of 1 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the B category of texts with fewer than 10 defects per 10,000 words. 
        2008-07 TCP
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        2008-10 John Pas
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        Batch review (QC) and XML conversion
      
    
  
   
     
       
       
         
           A
           DESIGNE
           FOR
           
             PLENTIE
             ,
          
           By
           an
           Vniversall
           Planting
           of
           FRVIT-TREES
           :
           Tendred
           by
           some
           Wel-wishers
           to
           the
           Publick
           .
        
         
           
             GEN
             .
             1.20
             .
          
           
             And
             God
             said
             ,
             Behold
             ,
             I
             have
             given
             you
             every
             herb
             bearing
             seed
             which
             is
             upon
             the
             face
             of
             the
             earth
             and
             every
             
               Tree
            
             in
             the
             which
             is
             the
             fruit
             of
             a
             
               Tree
            
             yielding
             seed
             ,
             to
             you
             it
             shall
             be
             for
             meat
             .
          
        
         
           LONDON
           ,
           Printed
           for
           
             Richard
             Wodenothe
          
           in
           Leaden-hall
           street
           ,
           over
           against
           Leaden-hall
           .
        
      
       
       
       
         
           To
           the
           READER
           .
        
         
           
             Courteous
             and
             Ingenuous
             Reader
             ,
          
        
         
           IN
           the
           publication
           of
           this
           small
           Treatise
           ;
           it
           is
           just
           that
           every
           one
           should
           have
           his
           due
           .
        
         
           First
           ,
           Gods
           goodnesse
           is
           to
           be
           praised
           ,
           who
           having
           indued
           man
           with
           knowledge
           above
           the
           beasts
           of
           the
           field
           ,
           and
           put
           all
           things
           under
           his
           feet
           ,
           
           he
           doth
           in
           a
           more
           speciall
           manner
           (
           as
           the
           Prophet
           saith
           )
           instruct
           the
           Husbandman
           to
           discretion
           ,
           and
           doth
           teach
           him
           how
           to
           order
           his
           affairs
           for
           the
           best
           advantage
           of
           Humane
           Societies
           .
        
         
           Secondly
           ,
           his
           Providence
           is
           to
           be
           acknowledged
           in
           bringing
           things
           to
           light
           ,
           which
           without
           his
           good
           hand
           would
           have
           been
           lost
           and
           lien
           in
           darknesse
           ,
           as
           this
           Discourse
           would
           have
           been
           ,
           if
           he
           had
           not
           stirred
           up
           some
           favourable
           Instruments
           to
           preserve
           it
           ,
           and
           bring
           it
           unto
           my
           hand
           to
           be
           published
           for
           the
           Common
           good
           .
        
         
           Thirdly
           ,
           the
           Instruments
           whom
           he
           hath
           employed
           both
           to
           bring
           forth
           this
           birth
           into
           the
           World
           ,
           and
           to
           preserve
           it
           after
           it
           was
           brought
           forth
           ,
           deserve
           some
           commendation
           .
           He
           that
           was
           made
           Instrumentall
           to
           bring
           it
           forth
           into
           the
           World
           ,
           is
           not
           yet
           known
           unto
           
           me
           :
           for
           although
           I
           have
           endeavoured
           by
           a
           diligent
           search
           to
           finde
           out
           his
           name
           ,
           yet
           I
           have
           not
           been
           able
           to
           compasse
           the
           matter
           :
           onely
           this
           I
           have
           been
           told
           ,
           that
           the
           Author
           of
           this
           Designe
           was
           an
           aged
           Minister
           of
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           who
           for
           the
           space
           of
           many
           years
           had
           for
           his
           own
           recreation
           ,
           and
           that
           he
           might
           be
           serviceable
           also
           to
           others
           experimented
           this
           part
           of
           Husbandry
           which
           at
           last
           he
           resolved
           by
           this
           Treatise
           to
           make
           publick
           ,
           but
           was
           by
           death
           prevented
           ;
           the
           place
           of
           his
           abode
           being
           said
           to
           be
           
             Loving-land
          
           neer
           
             Yarmouth
             .
          
           He
           who
           did
           preserve
           it
           from
           being
           lost
           ,
           and
           gave
           it
           to
           a
           friend
           of
           mine
           ,
           is
           the
           Honourable
           Collonel
           
             John
             Barkstead
             ,
          
           the
           present
           Lieutenant
           of
           the
           Tower
           ,
           a
           Gentleman
           whom
           I
           know
           not
           ,
           but
           such
           as
           know
           him
           do
           give
           him
           this
           Character
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           of
           a
           very
           publick
           and
           ingenuous
           Spirit
           ;
           in
           his
           Military
           Relations
           ,
           exceeding
           active
           and
           circumspect
           ;
           zealous
           for
           Justice
           and
           good
           Order
           ,
           to
           represse
           the
           licentiousnesse
           of
           the
           times
           ;
           and
           one
           who
           being
           capable
           of
           publick
           thoughts
           and
           generous
           cares
           ,
           is
           willing
           freely
           to
           communicate
           and
           impart
           the
           same
           to
           all
           that
           can
           reap
           any
           benefit
           thereby
           .
           As
           for
           my self
           ,
           I
           claim
           nothing
           but
           the
           contentment
           to
           be
           the
           Publisher
           thereof
           ,
           that
           I
           may
           be
           Instrumentall
           to
           advance
           the
           comforts
           of
           many
           thereby
           ,
           and
           so
           help
           forward
           the
           Authors
           honest
           Designe
           ;
           and
           I
           am
           the
           more
           willing
           to
           divulge
           this
           brief
           Tract
           upon
           this
           Subject
           ,
           because
           it
           will
           serve
           as
           a
           fore-runner
           to
           a
           larger
           Volume
           of
           Fruit-trees
           ,
           which
           an
           experienced
           friend
           of
           mine
           ,
           Mr.
           
             Ralph
             Austin
          
           hath
           in
           a
           readinesse
           to
           put
           forth
           at
           
             Oxford
             .
          
           Such
           as
           have
           perused
           Mr.
           
           
             Blithe's
          
           Improver
           improved
           (
           a
           Book
           worth
           the
           reading
           by
           all
           that
           apply
           themselves
           to
           Husbandry
           )
           in
           
           the
           second
           Part
           ,
           
             Chapter
          
           43.
           towards
           the
           latter
           end
           ,
           will
           meet
           with
           a
           promise
           made
           concerning
           this
           Treatise
           of
           Master
           
             Austin's
          
           ,
           which
           now
           he
           is
           putting
           to
           the
           Presse
           ,
           as
           by
           his
           own
           Letter
           written
           in
           
             November
          
           last
           1652
           he
           doth
           informe
           me
           :
           therefore
           I
           intend
           in
           this
           Preface
           and
           by
           this
           Treatise
           ,
           as
           by
           a
           small
           taste
           of
           so
           good
           a
           matter
           ,
           both
           to
           raise
           thine
           appetite
           and
           quicken
           thy
           desire
           to
           see
           that
           larger
           Work
           ,
           and
           to
           stay
           thy
           stomack
           a
           little
           till
           it
           come
           forth
           ,
           in
           hope
           ,
           that
           when
           God
           shall
           have
           furnished
           this
           Wise
           and
           Noble
           Nation
           with
           all
           these
           and
           many
           other
           means
           of
           Plenty
           we
           shall
           then
           be
           all
           inclined
           to
           beat
           out
           swords
           into
           Plough-shares
           ,
           and
           our
           spears
           into
           pruning-hooks
           ,
           
           and
           that
           by
           a
           happy
           Union
           of
           
             England
          
           and
           
             Scotland
             ,
          
           and
           the
           peaceable
           settlement
           of
           the
           affections
           of
           all
           people
           under
           the
           present
           Government
           ,
           we
           shall
           live
           as
           Brethren
           ,
           and
           study
           by
           the
           wayes
           of
           Common
           Industry
           to
           strengthen
           the
           hands
           of
           those
           that
           bear
           Rule
           over
           us
           ,
           and
           are
           set
           for
           our
           defence
           ;
           whose
           burthen
           ,
           although
           it
           be
           extraordinary
           great
           ,
           yet
           by
           the
           good
           hand
           of
           God
           upon
           us
           ,
           it
           will
           be
           greatly
           eased
           and
           lessened
           ,
           when
           all
           hands
           shall
           suffer
           themselves
           to
           be
           set
           a
           work
           ,
           and
           the
           earth
           yield
           her
           increase
           .
           For
           certainly
           the
           present
           constitution
           of
           the
           Nation
           (
           if
           we
           become
           not
           so
           fatally
           and
           more
           then
           brutishly
           miserable
           ,
           as
           to
           study
           continually
           one
           anothers
           ruine
           )
           is
           not
           in
           so
           weak
           and
           dangerous
           a
           condition
           ,
           as
           it
           was
           in
           Queen
           
             Elizabeth's
          
           dayes
           when
           she
           came
           first
           to
           the
           Crown
           .
           For
           then
           as
           Bishop
           
             Carleton
          
           describes
           it
           ,
           the
           state
           of
           affairs
           was
           far
           otherwise
           then
           now
           it
           is
           ,
           
           as
           appears
           by
           his
           own
           words
           in
           his
           Book
           (
           called
           a
           Thankfull
           Remembrance
           of
           Gods
           Mercy
           )
           where
           he
           writes
           as
           followeth
           .
        
         
         
           
             She
             [
             Queene
          
           Elizabeth
           ]
           
             did
             not
             serve
             God
             in
             vain
             .
             For
             it
             is
             a
             thing
             to
             be
             wondered
             at
             ,
             that
             the
             land
             being
          
           
             *
          
           then
           
             without
             strength
             ,
             without
             Forces
             ,
             without
             Souldiers
             ,
             yea
             ,
             without
             Armour
             ;
             all
             things
             necessary
             should
             be
             so
             suddenly
             furnished
             .
             She
             had
             provided
             Armour
             at
             Antwerp
             ,
             but
             King
          
           Philip
           
             caused
             that
             to
             be
             stayed
             .
             Yet
             was
             she
             not
             discouraged
             ,
             but
             laid
             out
             much
             money
             upon
             Armour
             though
             she
             found
             the
             Treasury
             but
             poore
             .
             She
             procured
             Armour
             and
             Weapons
             out
             of
             Germany
             .
             She
             caused
             many
             great
             Guns
             to
             be
             cast
             of
             Brasse
             and
             Iron
             .
             And
             Gods
             providence
             and
             favour
             appeared
             in
             her
             protection
             .
             For
          
           new
           mines
           of
           Brasse
           
             were
             found
             at
             Keswike
             ,
             that
             had
             long
             bin
             neglected
             .
             From
             whence
             there
             was
             not
             onely
             sufficient
             matter
             to
             supply
             her
             wants
             ,
             but
             abundance
             thereof
             to
             be
             transported
             to
             other
             Countreys
             .
             The
             stone
             called
          
           Lapis
           Calaminaris
           ,
           
             whose
             use
             is
             needfull
             for
             working
             in
             Brasse
             ,
             was
             also
             at
             the
             same
             time
             first
             found
             in
             England
             .
             There
             was
             provision
             made
             at
             home
             also
             for
             the
             making
             of
             Gun-powder
             .
             Which
             was
             done
             first
             here
             by
             her
             commandement
             :
             For
             before
             ,
             it
             was
             bought
             and
             imported
             .
          
        
         
           
             Berwick
             before
             her
             time
             ,
             was
             weak
             and
             had
             but
             500
             Souldiers
             :
             She
             fortified
             the
             town
             ,
             made
             the
             new
             inner
             wall
             and
             increased
             the
             number
             of
             Souldiers
             and
             their
             stipends
             ,
             that
             provision
             might
             be
             made
             for
             the
             training
             up
             of
             experienced
             Souldiers
             and
             martiall
             men
             .
             She
             provided
             a
             Navy
             ,
             the
             best
             furnished
             that
             ever
             England
             saw
             .
             Neither
             needed
             she
             to
             do
             as
             her
             Father
             &
             Ancestours
             were
             wont
             to
             do
             ,
             when
             they
             wanted
             Ships
             ,
             to
             send
             for
             Ships
             and
             hire
             them
             from
             Hamburg
             ,
             Lubeck
             ,
             Dantisk
             ,
             Genua
             and
             Venice
             ;
             for
             she
             had
             them
             readie
             at
             home
             to
             serve
             her
             .
             Yea
             all
             the
             good
             Townes
             upon
             the
             Sea-coast
             ,
             beholding
             this
             incredible
             alacrity
             and
             forwardness
             in
             their
             Prince
             ,
             strived
             also
             to
             imitate
             
             the
             same
             ,
             and
             therefore
             with
             great
             cheerefullnesse
             and
             readinesse
             built
             Ships
             for
             warre
             .
             So
             that
             in
             a
             short
             time
             ,
             the
             Queenes
             Ships
             and
             those
             of
             the
             subjects
             joyned
             together
             ,
             rose
             to
             such
             a
             number
             ,
             that
             they
             were
             able
             to
             imploy
             twenty
             thousand
             men
             in
             sea-fight
             at
             once
             .
             The
             Noblemen
             ,
             the
             Gentlemen
             and
             Yeomen
             ,
             did
             all
             strive
             to
             answer
             so
             noble
             a
             resolution
             of
             their
             Prince
             .
             And
             therefore
             great
             store
             of
             Armour
             and
             Weapons
             were
             every where
             provided
             .
             And
             brave
             spirits
             were
             bred
             and
             inabled
             to
             service
             ,
             whereby
             they
             became
             an
             helpe
             and
             Ornament
             to
             their
             Countrey
             ;
             so
             that
             Queene
          
           Elizabeth
           
             was
             quickly
             growne
             so
             strong
             ,
             that
             all
             her
             Adversaries
             were
             not
             able
             to
             hurt
             her
             .
             And
             was
             not
             this
             a
             great
             work
             of
             God
             ,
             that
             so
             weak
             a
             Woman
             should
             be
             able
             to
             defend
             her selfe
             against
             so
             many
             ,
             so
             potent
             enemies
             ?
             Yea
             ,
             and
             not
             onely
             to
             match
             them
             ,
             but
             to
             master
             them
             ?
             This
             was
             Gods
             doing
             ,
          
           &c.
           
        
         
           This
           Remembrance
           of
           her
           condition
           ,
           and
           of
           Gods
           wonderfull
           preservation
           of
           this
           Nation
           at
           that
           time
           ,
           should
           not
           onely
           encourage
           us
           to
           hope
           still
           in
           his
           mercy
           ,
           whereof
           we
           have
           as
           great
           experience
           hitherto
           as
           ever
           she
           had
           ,
           but
           also
           direct
           us
           to
           the
           performance
           of
           the
           duties
           fitting
           us
           for
           the
           continuance
           of
           such
           mercies
           towards
           us
           .
           For
           as
           then
           all
           the
           neighbours
           of
           this
           Nation
           were
           either
           open
           enemies
           or
           uncertain
           friends
           ,
           so
           it
           now
           may
           fall
           out
           again
           in
           this
           juncture
           of
           time
           ,
           that
           we
           shall
           finde
           none
           abroad
           cordially
           to
           appear
           for
           us
           ;
           but
           if
           we
           be
           found
           faithfull
           to
           one
           another
           at
           home
           in
           minding
           the
           interest
           of
           the
           Gospel
           ,
           in
           seeking
           Peace
           and
           Truth
           ,
           in
           setling
           Judgement
           ,
           in
           repressing
           the
           enormous
           scandals
           which
           are
           broken
           forth
           ,
           and
           in
           advancing
           all
           manner
           of
           Industrie
           ,
           we
           may
           expect
           
           the
           same
           successe
           which
           that
           blessed
           Queen
           had
           ,
           and
           a
           greater
           Harvest
           of
           Spirituall
           and
           Temporall
           Blessings
           then
           ever
           yet
           this
           Nation
           hath
           received
           .
           Which
           that
           We
           may
           live
           to
           see
           ,
           I
           shall
           not
           cease
           to
           pray
           ,
           and
           in
           praying
           with
           the
           best
           and
           utmost
           of
           my
           endeavours
           to
           approve
           my selfe
           ,
        
         
           
             
               Thine
               and
               the
               Publiques
               most
               faithfull
               Servant
               ,
            
             SAMUEL
             HARTLIB
             .
          
        
      
    
     
       
       
         
           A
           DESIGNE
           FOR
           
             PLENTIE
             .
          
        
         
           AS
           Plenty
           oft-times
           is
           the
           producer
           of
           Pride
           ,
           Pride
           the
           root
           of
           Envy
           ,
           Envy
           the
           mother
           of
           Contention
           ,
           Contention
           the
           spring
           of
           War
           :
           so
           is
           War
           the
           cause
           of
           Poverty
           and
           Poverty
           brings
           forth
           Famine
           ,
           and
           where
           Famine
           rageth
           must
           needs
           follow
           inevitable
           destruction
           .
           It
           is
           greatly
           to
           be
           wished
           ,
           and
           as
           a
           blessing
           from
           God
           to
           be
           desired
           ;
           that
           all
           men
           would
           as
           wisely
           ,
           and
           conscionably
           eschew
           and
           shun
           the
           
             Climax
             ,
          
           and
           wayes
           to
           destruction
           as
           they
           seem
           warily
           and
           carefully
           to
           fly
           destruction
           it self
           ,
           when
           it
           presseth
           
           upon
           them
           .
           But
           (
           alass
           )
           such
           is
           the
           wickedness
           and
           blindnes
           of
           mans
           heart
           ,
           that
           he
           is
           desperatly
           set
           on
           to
           follow
           that
           way
           ,
           which
           will
           at
           last
           winde
           him
           into
           most
           certain
           destruction
           :
           And
           so
           be
           ,
           that
           men
           may
           attein
           their
           own
           private
           interest
           and
           end
           ,
           they
           never
           consider
           the
           ultimate
           and
           woful
           end
           and
           conclusion
           of
           their
           wayes
           and
           actions
           .
        
         
           
             
             But
             he
             that
             's
             wise
             ,
             his
             practicks
             so
             intends
             ,
          
           
             That
             he
             may
             levell
             Actions
             to
             their
             ends
             .
          
        
         
           The
           consideration
           of
           which
           thing
           (
           as
           it
           too
           sadly
           may
           be
           appliable
           unto
           this
           Nation
           ,
           and
           the
           Inhabitants
           thereof
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           this
           late
           intestine
           ,
           and
           unnaturall
           War
           )
           hath
           moved
           us
           ,
           to
           prepare
           what
           
             Cataplasme
          
           we
           can
           against
           the
           inevitable
           Malady
           ,
           which
           a
           long
           &
           continued
           war
           threateneth
           (
           if
           not
           already
           beginneth
           )
           to
           bring
           upon
           us
           ,
           that
           is
           to
           say
           ;
           A
           generall
           Famine
           and
           want
           of
           all
           necessary
           things
           for
           the
           support
           and
           sustentation
           of
           life
           :
           the
           which
           we
           may
           also
           feare
           the
           rather
           ,
           by
           reason
           of
           the
           unseasonable
           weather
           for
           Seed-time
           and
           Harvest
           ,
           with
           the
           unspeakable
           mortality
           of
           Cattel
           in
           many
           places
           ,
           which
           hath
           declared
           ,
           and
           evidenced
           no
           small
           displeasure
           of
           God
           against
           us
           ,
           and
           threateneth
           us
           with
           most
           certain
           famine
           :
           besides
           the
           want
           of
           trade
           ,
           traffique
           ,
           and
           imployment
           both
           by
           land
           and
           by
           sea
           ;
           together
           with
           the
           daily
           losses
           by
           sea
           ,
           and
           expenses
           of
           provisions
           by
           land
           ,
           are
           no
           meane
           ingredients
           in
           this
           threatened
           ,
           &
           approaching
           miserie
           .
           What
           more
           may
           be
           observed
           ,
           also
           from
           the
           discouragements
           of
           men
           in
           their
           husbandry
           ,
           and
           making
           improvement
           for
           plenty
           (
           as
           not
           knowing
           either
           for
           whom
           they
           labour
           ,
           or
           who
           they
           are
           that
           may
           reap
           their
           labours
           ,
           or
           what
           themselves
           shall
           enjoy
           )
           may
           strongly
           imprint
           a
           feare
           of
           famine
           .
           Now
           as
           in
           a
           time
           of
           famine
           it
           were
           
           too
           unchristian-like
           to
           hide
           our selves
           from
           our
           own
           flesh
           ,
           and
           to
           deny
           relief
           (
           as
           God
           lendeth
           us
           )
           to
           such
           as
           want
           it
           :
           so
           were
           it
           too
           selfish
           for
           any
           not
           to
           labour
           to
           prevent
           famine
           ;
           and
           to
           hide
           themselves
           ,
           and
           their
           advice
           (
           which
           God
           hath
           granted
           them
           )
           from
           a
           publique
           Good
           :
           It
           being
           counted
           no
           less
           sin
           by
           God
           ,
           
           
             Not
             to
             strengthen
             the
             hands
             of
             the
             needy
             ,
          
           then
           not
           to
           fill
           their
           hands
           with
           benefits
           ,
           and
           supplies
           .
        
         
           For
           which
           cause
           we
           have
           thought
           it
           our
           dutie
           to
           present
           an
           Assay
           of
           Plenty
           ,
           which
           we
           call
           
             (
             A
             Designe
             or
             Project
             for
             Plenty
             )
          
           yet
           not
           a
           project
           of
           any
           private
           advantage
           to
           us
           ;
           but
           of
           publique
           good
           and
           plenty
           unto
           this
           Nation
           ;
           if
           so
           be
           it
           may
           be
           enlivened
           and
           nourished
           by
           Authority
           and
           Law
           :
           
           Otherwise
           we
           shall
           but
           term
           it
           
             (
             The
             Embrio
             of
             Plenty
             ,
             and
             the
             untimely
             Birth
             of
             good
             Desires
             )
          
           which
           had
           it
           come
           to
           perfection
           ,
           might
           have
           yielded
           both
           pleasure
           and
           profit
           to
           many
           .
           And
           such
           a
           
             Project
          
           also
           it
           is
           ,
           as
           is
           not
           without
           experience
           both
           in
           our
           own
           ,
           and
           other
           Nations
           ;
           nor
           yet
           without
           good
           Reasons
           to
           speak
           for
           it
           ;
           whereof
           we
           shall
           desire
           to
           make
           all
           rationall
           men
           partakers
           .
           For
           
             
               With
               men
               of
               Reason
               ,
               Reasons
               will
               take
               place
               ,
            
             
               But
               nought
               can
               get
               from
               fools
               but
               base
               disgrace
               .
            
          
        
         
           Moreover
           ,
           when
           we
           
             Consider
          
           (
           besides
           the
           necessitie
           ,
           as
           aforesaid
           )
           the
           
             Accomodation
          
           this
           Nation
           affordeth
           for
           such
           a
           
             Designe
             ,
          
           the
           
             Possibility
          
           and
           
             Facility
          
           to
           effect
           it
           :
           And
           yet
           the
           
             Sluggishnesse
          
           of
           most
           in
           our
           Nation
           ,
           who
           perhaps
           would
           be
           glad
           to
           have
           plenty
           in
           their
           families
           :
           Yet
           care
           not
           to
           take
           pains
           ,
           or
           to
           be
           at
           any
           cost
           to
           effect
           it
           .
        
         
           
             Like
             to
             the
             Cat
             ,
             who
             fish
             would
             gladly
             eat
             ,
             
          
           
             But
             yet
             her
             foot
             in
             water
             will
             not
             weat
             .
          
        
         
         
           We
           are
           incouraged
           the
           rather
           to
           make
           our
           
             Demonstration
          
           thereof
           ,
           adding
           therewithall
           our
           
             Reasons
             ,
          
           and
           answering
           such
           
             Objections
          
           as
           may
           possible
           lie
           against
           it
           .
        
         
           
           First
           therefore
           ,
           we
           do
           conceive
           that
           it
           will
           make
           much
           for
           the
           benefit
           and
           publike
           relief
           of
           this
           whole
           Nation
           .
           And
           for
           the
           prevention
           of
           famine
           in
           time
           to
           come
           (
           through
           the
           blessing
           of
           God
           )
           if
           there
           were
           a
           
             Law
          
           made
           ,
           and
           put
           in
           force
           by
           Authority
           for
           a
           generall
           and
           universall
           
             Plantation
          
           of
           such
           wholesome
           fruit
           (
           according
           to
           proportion
           )
           as
           might
           be
           for
           the
           relief
           of
           the
           poor
           ,
           the
           benefit
           of
           the
           rich
           ,
           and
           the
           delight
           of
           all
           .
        
         
           
           The
           fruits
           we
           conceive
           most
           
             wholesome
             ,
             beneficiall
          
           and
           
             suitable
          
           for
           our
           Climate
           ,
           are
           the
           
             Apple
             ,
             Peare
             ,
             Walnut
          
           and
           
             Quince
             .
          
        
         
           
           The
           
             Proportion
          
           to
           be
           ordeined
           ;
           that
           every
           five
           pounds
           
             per
             annum
          
           of
           plantable
           land
           ,
           as
           well
           field
           as
           enclosure
           ,
           being
           in
           private
           occupation
           ,
           (
           except
           Cities
           ,
           Towns
           incorporate
           ,
           and
           such
           Towns
           where
           the
           rents
           are
           raised
           onely
           of
           the
           houses
           without
           lands
           )
           shall
           plant
           and
           preserve
           20
           fruit-trees
           of
           
             Apple
             ,
             Peare
             ,
             Walnut
             ,
          
           or
           
             Quince
             :
          
           and
           10
           li.
           
             per
             annum
             ,
          
           40
           ;
           and
           15
           li.
           
             per
             annum
             ,
          
           60
           ;
           and
           20
           li.
           
             per
             annum
             ,
          
           80
           trees
           ;
           and
           so
           in
           proportion
           .
        
         
           
           That
           there
           may
           be
           a
           certain
           limited
           time
           set
           ,
           that
           the
           aforesaid
           
             proportion
          
           according
           to
           every
           mans
           occupation
           ,
           may
           be
           perfected
           ,
           with
           a
           penalty
           to
           be
           inflicted
           for
           the
           neglect
           ;
           and
           that
           every
           year
           may
           be
           proportioned
           in
           order
           to
           the
           whole
           with
           a
           penalty
           likewise
           .
        
         
           
           That
           in
           every
           Town
           there
           may
           be
           ordeined
           two
           Officers
           (
           called
           
             Fruterers
          
           or
           
             Woodwards
             ,
          
           or
           such
           like
           
           name
           )
           specially
           to
           be
           chosen
           every
           year
           ,
           and
           authorized
           ,
           to
           see
           the
           said
           proportions
           to
           be
           planted
           and
           carefully
           preserved
           .
           And
           to
           have
           power
           to
           levie
           the
           penalties
           upon
           the
           defaulters
           ;
           and
           to
           employ
           the
           same
           to
           some
           publick
           use
           .
        
         
           
           That
           the
           
             High
             Constables
          
           in
           every
           hundred
           do
           take
           account
           of
           the
           said
           two
           Officers
           in
           every
           Town
           belonging
           to
           their
           division
           :
           and
           to
           present
           them
           to
           some
           Superiour
           Court
           ;
           that
           so
           there
           may
           be
           no
           collusion
           or
           deceit
           in
           the
           businesse
           .
           And
           that
           the
           said
           
             High
             Constables
             ,
          
           and
           
             Fruterers
             ,
          
           or
           
             Woodwards
          
           be
           fineable
           and
           punishable
           ,
           if
           they
           neglect
           to
           do
           their
           duties
           .
        
         
           
           That
           if
           any
           evil-disposed
           person
           be
           found
           to
           destroy
           any
           of
           the
           planted
           Trees
           ;
           or
           to
           cut
           ,
           mangle
           ,
           or
           break
           them
           ;
           or
           to
           pull
           up
           ,
           or
           carry
           away
           their
           fencings
           ,
           when
           they
           are
           young
           trees
           ,
           and
           require
           fencing
           ;
           that
           then
           he
           be
           severely
           punished
           by
           corporall
           ,
           or
           pecuniary
           Mulct
           ,
           or
           both
           ;
           as
           being
           an
           enemy
           to
           a
           publike
           and
           common
           good
           .
        
         
           
           That
           the
           said
           
             Fruterers
          
           or
           
             Woodwards
          
           in
           every
           respective
           towne
           may
           have
           power
           (
           as
           the
           Surveyers
           of
           the
           high-wayes
           )
           so
           to
           call
           out
           ,
           and
           appoint
           certain
           common
           dayes
           to
           work
           ,
           in
           
             dressing
             ,
             pruning
             ,
             moulding
             mossing
             ,
             trimming
          
           the
           said
           trees
           (
           which
           dayes
           are
           to
           be
           in
           the
           moneths
           of
           
             October
          
           &
           
             November
          
           for
           
             mossing
          
           and
           
             pruning
             ,
          
           those
           moneths
           being
           the
           moistest
           ;
           and
           the
           Winter
           frost
           following
           thereupon
           will
           seare
           the
           wounds
           ,
           so
           that
           the
           Cut
           parts
           are
           not
           subject
           to
           put
           out
           Syens
           ,
           whereby
           the
           body
           and
           fruit
           are
           decayed
           ;
           And
           in
           
             January
          
           and
           
             February
          
           for
           
             moulding
          
           the
           trees
           )
           and
           to
           set
           fines
           upon
           such
           as
           make
           default
           ,
           and
           leavy
           the
           same
           to
           some
           publique
           use
           .
        
         
           
           That
           all
           Trees
           already
           planted
           ,
           be
           accounted
           into
           the
           
           
             proportion
             ;
          
           and
           that
           as
           any
           trees
           do
           die
           ,
           or
           decay
           ,
           or
           grow
           barren
           ,
           care
           be
           taken
           that
           others
           may
           be
           planted
           in
           their
           stead
           ;
           and
           that
           within
           a
           limited
           time
           upon
           some
           penalty
           to
           be
           levied
           by
           the
           
             Woodwards
          
           or
           
             Fruiterers
             .
          
        
         
           
           That
           when
           those
           lands
           ,
           which
           are
           in
           particular
           occupation
           be
           fully
           planted
           ;
           like
           care
           be
           taken
           by
           a
           common
           work
           in
           the
           common
           dayes
           to
           be
           appointed
           ,
           for
           the
           planting
           of
           all
           
             Wastes
          
           and
           
             Commons
          
           every
           thirty
           yards
           a
           tree
           ,
           and
           by
           thirty
           yards
           all
           over
           ,
           till
           they
           be
           throughly
           planted
           .
        
         
           
           That
           the
           
             Commons
          
           and
           
             Wastes
          
           be
           planted
           ,
           and
           fenced
           at
           the
           publique
           charge
           of
           every
           Town
           to
           which
           they
           do
           belong
           :
           and
           that
           all
           such
           fines
           as
           are
           levied
           upon
           the
           transgressors
           in
           this
           project
           be
           imployed
           to
           the
           publique
           work
           and
           use
           .
        
         
           
           That
           the
           fruits
           and
           benefits
           arising
           of
           the
           
             Plantations
          
           upon
           the
           
             Commons
          
           and
           
             Wastes
          
           be
           given
           to
           the
           poor
           ,
           &
           necessitous
           people
           of
           every
           Town
           ,
           unto
           which
           they
           do
           belong
           .
           And
           that
           by
           the
           discretion
           of
           the
           
             Fruiterers
          
           or
           
             Woodwards
          
           they
           be
           yearly
           distributed
           accordingly
           .
        
         
           
             Reasons
             for
             this
             designe
             .
          
           
             As
             touching
             the
             reasons
             for
             this
             design
             ,
             they
             are
             very
             many
             ,
             whereof
             I
             onely
             propound
             some
             for
             satisfaction
             to
             all
             men
             .
          
           
             
             First
             ,
             the
             wholesomenesse
             of
             these
             fruits
             are
             such
             as
             may
             challenge
             every
             mans
             estimation
             of
             them
             ,
             
             and
             diligence
             to
             obtein
             them
             .
             
               Apples
            
             are
             good
             for
             hot
             stomacks
             ,
             for
             all
             inflammations
             ,
             tempering
             melancholy
             humours
             ;
             good
             for
             diverse
             diseases
             ,
             as
             the
             Strangury
             ,
             
             Plurisie
             ,
             &c.
             
             
               Peares
            
             are
             cold
             ,
             and
             binding
             ,
             good
             for
             hot
             swellings
             ,
             do
             help
             the
             lask
             and
             bloody
             flux
             ,
             and
             being
             made
             into
             drink
             ,
             do
             warm
             the
             stomack
             ,
             and
             cause
             good
             digestion
             .
             The
             
               Walnut
            
             is
             an
             ingredient
             in
             Antidotes
             against
             the
             plague
             ,
             and
             biting
             of
             venomous
             beasts
             ;
             whose
             kernels
             made
             into
             a
             milke
             cooleth
             and
             comforteth
             the
             languishing
             sick
             body
             .
             So
             
               Quinces
            
             do
             strengthen
             the
             stomack
             ,
             stay
             vomiting
             ,
             and
             stop
             the
             flux
             ;
             and
             are
             good
             for
             many
             other
             things
             .
          
           
             
             The
             benefits
             ,
             which
             from
             such
             a
             generall
             
               Plantation
            
             will
             arise
             to
             this
             Nation
             ,
             is
             very
             much
             .
             As
             ,
          
           
             
             First
             ,
             by
             this
             means
             there
             may
             be
             a
             great
             Improvement
             of
             Land
             without
             any
             losse
             of
             other
             fruits
             ,
             which
             it
             usually
             yieldeth
             ,
             as
             of
             Grasse
             ,
             Corn
             of
             all
             sorts
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             thing
             :
             and
             so
             men
             may
             receive
             a
             double
             gain
             ;
             first
             ,
             of
             those
             fruits
             upon
             the
             ground
             ;
             and
             secondly
             ,
             of
             such
             fruits
             as
             growing
             upon
             the
             trees
             ,
             the
             land
             beareth
             as
             it
             were
             by
             the
             by
             .
          
           
             
             There
             will
             be
             a
             great
             plenty
             of
             wholesome
             food
             added
             where
             little
             or
             none
             of
             that
             Nature
             was
             before
             ;
             
             for
             besides
             every
             family
             may
             have
             of
             these
             fruits
             enough
             for
             all
             uses
             in
             food
             ;
             so
             also
             may
             thereby
             be
             obteined
             a
             good
             and
             wholesome
             drink
             from
             the
             juice
             of
             the
             
               Apples
               ,
            
             and
             
               Peares
               ,
            
             as
             in
             the
             Counties
             of
             
               Worcester
            
             and
             
               Glocester
            
             is
             very
             exemplary
             in
             that
             particular
             ,
             to
             their
             profit
             and
             plenty
             .
          
           
             
             By
             this
             means
             much
             Corn
             ,
             (
             especially
             of
             Barley
             )
             may
             be
             saved
             (
             which
             is
             spent
             out
             in
             Malt
             )
             and
             may
             serve
             for
             food
             in
             the
             time
             of
             want
             ;
             and
             other
             Corn
             by
             that
             means
             become
             more
             reasonable
             in
             prices
             .
          
           
             
             And
             likewise
             much
             expense
             in
             Wines
             may
             by
             reason
             of
             the
             
               Perry
            
             and
             
               Syder
               ,
            
             which
             in
             all
             parts
             may
             be
             made
             ,
             be
             spared
             :
             and
             which
             kinde
             of
             drink
             (
             being
             once
             
             accustomed
             )
             will
             be
             as
             proper
             and
             wholsome
             for
             our
             
               English
            
             bodies
             ,
             as
             French
             wines
             ,
             if
             not
             more
             .
          
           
             
             
             A
             generall
             
               Plantation
            
             (
             as
             aforesaid
             )
             will
             make
             wonderfull
             plenty
             ,
             as
             may
             be
             gathered
             by
             a
             supposition
             probable
             as
             this
             :
             Suppose
             20
             trees
             of
             Apples
             and
             Peares
             be
             planted
             ,
             and
             well
             fenced
             upon
             a
             tenement
             of
             5
             li.
             
               per
               annum
               ,
            
             once
             in
             seven
             years
             they
             may
             (
             by
             Gods
             blessing
             )
             bring
             forth
             halfe
             a
             bushel
             of
             good
             fruit
             apiece
             ;
             and
             in
             10
             years
             a
             bushel
             a
             tree
             ;
             in
             13
             years
             two
             bushels
             ,
             and
             so
             forth
             ;
             what
             a
             plenty
             will
             this
             make
             in
             so
             small
             an
             Occupation
             ?
          
           
             
             And
             besides
             it
             will
             yield
             great
             plenty
             ,
             yea
             abundance
             to
             the
             poor
             ,
             who
             shall
             yearly
             receive
             from
             the
             common
             
               Plantations
            
             of
             the
             
               Commons
            
             and
             
               Wastes
            
             so
             much
             good
             fruit
             ,
             as
             that
             they
             cannot
             be
             destitute
             all
             the
             year
             .
             And
             if
             to
             buy
             ;
             yet
             in
             such
             a
             generall
             
               Plantation
               ,
            
             good
             fruit
             will
             not
             cost
             above
             4
             d.
             or
             6
             d.
             the
             bushel
             ,
             which
             now
             will
             cost
             12
             d.
             or
             16
             d.
             if
             not
             more
             in
             many
             places
             ,
             which
             kinde
             of
             provisions
             the
             poor
             preferre
             before
             better
             food
             ,
             as
             the
             story
             goeth
             .
          
           
             
               The
               poor
               mans
               childe
               invited
               was
               to
               dine
            
             
               With
               flesh
               of
               Oxen
               ,
               sheep
               ,
               and
               fatted
               swine
               ,
            
             
               (
               Far
               better
               chear
               then
               he
               at
               home
               could
               finde
               )
            
             
               And
               yet
               this
               childe
               to
               stay
               had
               little
               minde
               .
            
             
               You
               have
               (
               quoth
               he
               )
               no
               
                 Apple
                 ,
              
               froise
               nor
               pie
               ,
            
             
               Stew'd
               
                 Pears
                 ,
              
               with
               bread
               and
               milk
               ,
               &
               
                 Walnuts
              
               by
               .
            
          
           
             
             This
             generall
             
               Plantation
            
             is
             very
             requisite
             ,
             seeing
             so
             many
             places
             are
             wholly
             destitute
             of
             all
             fruit
             ,
             
             and
             yet
             both
             the
             ground
             and
             Clymate
             throughout
             this
             whole
             Island
             able
             and
             apt
             to
             yield
             of
             fruit
             great
             plenty
             .
             
               Cambden
            
             saith
             ,
             that
             they
             are
             whining
             and
             slothfull
             
             husbandmen
             ,
             who
             complain
             of
             the
             barrennesse
             of
             the
             earth
             in
             
               England
               ;
            
             and
             doth
             confidently
             affirm
             ,
             that
             it
             proceedeth
             rather
             of
             the
             inhabitants
             idlenesse
             then
             any
             distemper
             ,
             and
             indisposition
             of
             the
             air
             ,
             
             that
             this
             our
             
               England
            
             affords
             no
             wine
             :
             and
             that
             it
             hath
             heretofore
             had
             Vineyards
             which
             yielded
             wine
             well
             nigh
             as
             good
             in
             taste
             and
             smell
             as
             the
             French
             wine
             ;
             
             and
             indeed
             so
             are
             many
             places
             unto
             this
             day
             in
             our
             land
             called
             Vineyards
             ;
             as
             at
             Elie
             in
             Cambridgeshire
             ;
             of
             which
             remaines
             upon
             Record
             these
             old
             Rimes
             .
          
           
             
               Quatuor
               sunt
               Eliae
               ,
               lanterna
               ,
               capella
               Mariae
               ,
            
             
               Et
               Molendinum
               ,
               nec
               non
               dans
               Vinea
               vinum
               .
            
          
           
             In
             English
             thus
             .
          
           
             
               Four
               things
               of
               Elie
               Town
               much
               spoken
               are
               ,
            
             
               The
               leaden
               lanthorn
               ,
               
                 Maries
              
               Chappel
               rare
               ,
            
             
               The
               mighty
               Mill-hill
               in
               the
               Minster-field
               ,
            
             
               And
               fruitfull
               Vineyards
               ,
               which
               sweet
               wine
               do
               yield
               .
            
          
           
             
             And
             if
             our
             England
             be
             so
             able
             and
             apt
             for
             wine
             ,
             much
             more
             is
             it
             able
             and
             apt
             for
             these
             ordinary
             and
             wholesome
             fruits
             .
          
           
             Besides
             ,
             such
             an
             Universall
             
               Plantation
            
             will
             both
             yield
             great
             store
             of
             fuel
             to
             burn
             ,
             and
             wood
             for
             many
             occasions
             (
             the
             
               Apple
               ,
               Peare
            
             and
             
               Walnut-trees
            
             ,
             being
             all
             of
             them
             good
             Joyners
             timber
             )
             fit
             to
             make
             chaires
             ,
             stools
             ,
             tables
             ,
             and
             many
             other
             house-Utensils
             )
             and
             also
             it
             will
             much
             warm
             the
             Countrey
             by
             so
             many
             thousands
             of
             trees
             planted
             in
             open
             and
             waste
             grounds
             to
             the
             great
             comfort
             both
             of
             man
             and
             beast
             .
          
           
           
             
             And
             as
             concerning
             this
             work
             ,
             it
             is
             very
             feasable
             and
             easie
             ,
             the
             banks
             ,
             and
             quickrowes
             may
             be
             set
             ,
             as
             well
             with
             good
             fruit-trees
             at
             a
             convenient
             distance
             ,
             as
             with
             thorn
             ,
             hasel
             ,
             harbow
             ,
             or
             brier
             :
             besides
             ,
             how
             many
             usefull
             stocks
             of
             crab
             and
             wilding
             are
             to
             be
             taken
             from
             the
             roots
             of
             such
             as
             grow
             in
             rowes
             ,
             and
             to
             be
             found
             in
             woods
             ,
             which
             being
             transplanted
             and
             grafted
             will
             be
             as
             good
             fruit-trees
             ,
             and
             last
             longer
             then
             such
             as
             are
             reared
             up
             from
             seeds
             or
             kernels
             ?
          
           
             
             The
             delight
             and
             pleasure
             ,
             which
             by
             this
             will
             arise
             ,
             will
             not
             be
             small
             in
             a
             little
             while
             ;
             when
             one
             may
             behold
             the
             waste
             and
             wilde
             places
             all
             abounding
             with
             fruitfull
             trees
             
               (
               like
               the
               Garden
               of
               God
               )
            
             keeping
             their
             order
             ,
             and
             distance
             :
             each
             one
             offering
             the
             weary
             traveller
             some
             little
             collation
             to
             quench
             his
             thirst
             ,
             and
             refresh
             his
             spirits
             ;
             inviting
             him
             to
             rest
             under
             their
             shadow
             ,
             and
             to
             taste
             of
             their
             delicates
             ,
             and
             to
             spare
             his
             purse
             ;
             which
             is
             a
             benefit
             well
             known
             in
             the
             Western
             Counties
             of
             this
             our
             
               England
               .
            
          
           
             
             To
             these
             might
             be
             added
             the
             benefit
             of
             the
             
               Walnut
            
             for
             oil
             ;
             the
             delight
             and
             comfort
             of
             all
             these
             for
             conserves
             and
             preserves
             ,
             both
             for
             sicknesse
             and
             health
             :
             and
             their
             use
             in
             a
             Famine
             ,
             when
             all
             other
             fruits
             of
             the
             earth
             do
             fail
             ;
             whereof
             the
             Nation
             of
             
               France
            
             hath
             had
             good
             triall
             ,
             who
             had
             starved
             in
             some
             Famines
             ,
             had
             it
             not
             been
             for
             their
             
               Chesnuts
               ,
               Walnuts
               ,
               Apples
               ,
            
             and
             
               Pears
               ,
            
             these
             being
             far
             better
             food
             in
             a
             famine
             then
             asses
             heads
             ,
             doves
             dung
             ,
             
             or
             old
             leather
             ,
             which
             some
             have
             been
             constrained
             to
             eat
             to
             preserve
             life
             ;
             yea
             sometimes
             the
             flesh
             of
             dead
             men
             ,
             and
             their
             own
             children
             .
          
        
         
         
           
             Objections
             against
             this
             designe
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Object
                 .
              
               1
            
             But
             here
             it
             may
             be
             some
             men
             wil
             object
             ,
             that
             these
             are
             but
             vain
             and
             trifling
             things
             ,
             not
             worthy
             a
             law
             ,
             or
             injunction
             for
             so
             noble
             a
             Nation
             as
             this
             is
             .
          
           
             To
             which
             the
             answer
             is
             easie
             :
             that
             our
             slothfulnes
             is
             the
             more
             ,
             and
             improvidence
             the
             more
             to
             be
             condemned
             ,
             that
             so
             noble
             a
             Nation
             should
             need
             a
             goad
             ,
             and
             spur
             to
             put
             them
             on
             to
             the
             improving
             of
             such
             trifling
             things
             ;
             which
             are
             of
             such
             
               necessity
               ,
               profit
               ,
               facility
            
             and
             
               delight
               ,
            
             as
             these
             things
             ,
             which
             every
             diligent
             and
             prudent
             provident
             husband
             should
             endevour
             after
             continually
             of
             themselves
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Object
                 .
              
               2
            
             But
             it
             will
             be
             a
             hard
             and
             difficult
             matter
             to
             get
             so
             many
             plants
             as
             may
             supply
             the
             
               Proportion
            
             throughout
             the
             whole
             Nation
             .
          
           
             We
             answer
             ,
             the
             slothfull
             man
             saith
             ,
             there
             is
             a
             lion
             in
             the
             way
             ;
             and
             if
             men
             were
             as
             willing
             as
             they
             might
             be
             ,
             the
             woods
             and
             hedgerows
             would
             afford
             stocks
             not
             a
             few
             to
             graft
             upon
             :
             besides
             ,
             there
             are
             not
             wanting
             commendable
             Planters
             and
             Arborists
             in
             this
             Nation
             ,
             whose
             nurseries
             will
             afford
             at
             very
             low
             rates
             many
             thousand
             of
             wilde
             stocks
             fitting
             to
             be
             removed
             ,
             and
             improved
             for
             this
             businesse
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Object
                 .
              
               3
            
             Yea
             ,
             but
             there
             is
             such
             rudenesse
             and
             ravening
             in
             the
             common
             people
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             that
             all
             would
             come
             to
             nought
             .
          
           
             
               Answ.
            
             True
             as
             our
             scarcity
             of
             these
             fruits
             are
             in
             every
             place
             ,
             so
             it
             is
             ,
             and
             so
             it
             will
             be
             :
             but
             plenty
             yields
             satiety
             and
             content
             :
             and
             the
             western
             Countries
             can
             witnesse
             this
             to
             be
             otherwise
             ;
             besides
             ,
             good
             laws
             ,
             
             and
             good
             execution
             of
             them
             will
             prevent
             all
             such
             like
             mischiefs
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Object
                 .
              
               4
            
             But
             it
             will
             be
             a
             great
             while
             before
             this
             Designe
             come
             to
             perfection
             .
          
           
             
               Answ.
            
             Yet
             if
             a
             beginning
             be
             not
             made
             ,
             there
             can
             be
             no
             hope
             of
             any
             perfection
             ;
             and
             if
             men
             begin
             well
             ,
             the
             work
             will
             go
             on
             the
             better
             ;
             for
             the
             saying
             is
             ,
             
               
                 
                 He
                 that
                 begins
                 with
                 heart
                 and
                 great
                 good
                 will
                 ,
              
               
                 Hath
                 got
                 the
                 half
                 of
                 that
                 he
                 would
                 fulfill
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Besides
             he
             is
             the
             most
             unworthy
             of
             his
             own
             life
             ,
             who
             is
             like
             the
             
               Bear
               ,
            
             lives
             onely
             to
             suck
             his
             own
             claws
             ,
             and
             will
             not
             provide
             for
             posterity
             as
             well
             as
             himself
             .
             For
             ,
             
               
                 
                 Man
                 is
                 not
                 born
                 unto
                 himself
                 alone
                 ,
              
               
                 But
                 to
                 his
                 after
                 race
                 when
                 he
                 is
                 gone
                 .
              
            
          
           
             
               
                 Object
                 .
              
               5
            
             But
             the
             Commons
             and
             Wastes
             cannot
             wel
             be
             planted
             .
             
             Answ.
             If
             not
             all
             of
             them
             ,
             yet
             the
             most
             of
             them
             will
             bear
             forth
             these
             trees
             :
             and
             we
             see
             the
             most
             barren
             places
             to
             bring
             forth
             the
             thorn
             ,
             oak
             ,
             and
             ash-trees
             ,
             and
             why
             not
             these
             also
             ?
             which
             are
             not
             so
             hard
             to
             grow
             as
             some
             of
             them
             ;
             besides
             such
             directions
             may
             be
             given
             ,
             as
             may
             be
             very
             advantagious
             for
             their
             rooting
             and
             growth
             in
             such
             barren
             places
             ,
             as
             afterward
             shall
             be
             shewed
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Object
                 .
              
               6
            
             But
             these
             trees
             being
             planted
             in
             hedge-rows
             amongst
             other
             trees
             of
             greater
             growth
             and
             top
             ,
             will
             never
             prosper
             and
             come
             to
             perfection
             ;
             and
             so
             much
             labour
             will
             be
             lost
             .
          
           
           
             
               Answ.
            
             These
             trees
             being
             prudently
             set
             ,
             and
             providently
             husbanded
             in
             banks
             and
             hedge-rows
             ,
             will
             thrive
             the
             best
             of
             all
             ,
             and
             prove
             most
             fruitfull
             ;
             for
             if
             the
             grounds
             be
             cold
             and
             wet
             ,
             then
             to
             set
             them
             in
             banks
             and
             rows
             will
             be
             far
             better
             ,
             then
             to
             set
             them
             abroad
             ,
             the
             banks
             being
             the
             driest
             places
             for
             planting
             :
             And
             if
             the
             grounds
             be
             dry
             and
             sandy
             ,
             then
             the
             banks
             are
             the
             best
             ,
             as
             being
             least
             hurtful
             to
             the
             roots
             of
             trees
             ,
             and
             gaining
             moisture
             unto
             them
             by
             the
             ditches
             ,
             when
             any
             do
             fall
             ,
             whereby
             they
             are
             refreshed
             and
             preserved
             .
             And
             for
             other
             trees
             which
             may
             overtop
             them
             ,
             if
             every
             honest
             and
             good
             member
             in
             this
             our
             Common-wealth
             could
             as
             easily
             remove
             his
             wicked
             and
             bad
             neighbour
             ,
             as
             the
             Husbandman
             can
             remove
             such
             trees
             from
             his
             plantation
             ,
             there
             would
             not
             be
             a
             bad
             neighbour
             in
             
               England
               .
            
             And
             how
             much
             a
             good
             fruit-tree
             will
             exceed
             in
             profit
             any
             other
             tree
             of
             what
             kinde
             soever
             ,
             may
             easily
             be
             gathered
             by
             this
             computation
             :
             Suppose
             one
             load
             of
             wood
             in
             twenty
             yeers
             may
             be
             cut
             from
             any
             husband
             ,
             or
             powling
             (
             and
             it
             must
             be
             a
             good
             one
             ,
             which
             will
             yeeld
             so
             much
             in
             such
             a
             time
             )
             which
             load
             of
             wood
             may
             be
             worth
             nine
             or
             ten
             shillings
             ;
             yet
             a
             good
             fruit-tree
             (
             by
             Gods
             blessing
             )
             will
             yeeld
             as
             much
             fruit
             in
             one
             yeer
             as
             will
             countervail
             that
             profit
             ;
             for
             some
             good
             fruit-trees
             have
             been
             known
             to
             yeeld
             eight
             ,
             nine
             ,
             or
             ten
             coombs
             of
             good
             fruit
             in
             one
             yeer
             ,
             which
             at
             four
             pence
             the
             bushell
             will
             come
             to
             more
             then
             the
             best
             tree
             for
             wood
             will
             yeeld
             in
             twenty
             yeers
             .
             And
             suppose
             an
             Oak
             after
             300
             yeers
             growth
             be
             worth
             five
             or
             six
             pounds
             ,
             yet
             a
             good
             fruit-tree
             within
             fourty
             yeers
             will
             yeeld
             the
             same
             profit
             four
             or
             five
             times
             double
             ,
             which
             is
             far
             beyond
             the
             benefit
             arising
             of
             the
             best
             
             Timber-trees
             in
             
               England
               .
            
             And
             moreover
             ,
             trees
             for
             timber
             may
             have
             the
             woods
             to
             grow
             in
             ,
             and
             such
             convenient
             places
             in
             fields
             and
             rows
             ,
             as
             may
             be
             no
             annoyance
             or
             hinderance
             to
             the
             fruit-trees
             of
             this
             plantation
             .
          
           
             
               It
               is
               a
               folly
               manifestly
               plain
               ,
            
             
               To
               be
               pound-foolish
               ,
               penny-wise
               in
               gain
               .
            
          
           
             
               
                 Object
                 .
              
               7
            
             These
             plantations
             in
             arable
             grounds
             ,
             and
             common
             fields
             ,
             will
             both
             hinder
             the
             Plough
             ,
             and
             by
             their
             shadow
             destroy
             and
             hinder
             corn
             .
          
           
             
               Answ.
            
             If
             indeed
             they
             should
             be
             planted
             in
             the
             middest
             of
             plowed
             lands
             ,
             something
             might
             be
             said
             against
             it
             ;
             But
             in
             all
             common
             fields
             for
             corn
             ,
             there
             lie
             land-divisions
             ,
             and
             baulks
             ,
             or
             meers
             ,
             which
             though
             but
             narrow
             ,
             yet
             are
             sufficient
             and
             apt
             to
             bear
             trees
             ,
             (
             as
             being
             the
             best
             ground
             )
             if
             they
             be
             planted
             upon
             them
             :
             And
             at
             thirty
             yards
             distance
             in
             length
             ,
             and
             about
             thirty
             yards
             in
             breadth
             one
             from
             another
             likewise
             ;
             they
             will
             be
             no
             hinderance
             at
             all
             to
             the
             Plough
             ,
             nor
             yet
             to
             the
             growth
             and
             increase
             of
             corn
             ;
             for
             at
             such
             a
             distance
             the
             Sun
             and
             winde
             will
             have
             such
             power
             on
             every
             side
             that
             they
             will
             disperse
             their
             beams
             and
             air
             without
             any
             let
             ;
             and
             in
             case
             (
             when
             these
             trees
             are
             grown
             large
             and
             great
             )
             they
             may
             hinder
             a
             peck
             of
             corn
             a
             tree
             ,
             yet
             will
             they
             recompense
             that
             losse
             twenty-fold
             in
             their
             fruit
             and
             fewell
             to
             the
             owners
             :
             besides
             ,
             a
             good
             husband
             may
             keep
             up
             his
             trees
             so
             by
             pruning
             ,
             as
             that
             no
             damage
             at
             all
             may
             be
             susteined
             by
             them
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Object
                 .
              
               8
            
             But
             fielding
             grounds
             which
             lie
             in
             parcels
             are
             often
             so
             intermixed
             ,
             that
             sometimes
             ten
             several
             persons
             may
             have
             severall
             proprieties
             in
             five
             acres
             of
             land
             :
             and
             
             therefore
             how
             can
             trees
             be
             planted
             either
             at
             an
             equall
             distance
             of
             30
             yards
             ;
             or
             who
             shall
             plant
             them
             ,
             or
             receive
             their
             fruits
             or
             fuel
             being
             so
             many
             and
             diverse
             proprieters
             ?
          
           
             
               
                 Answ
                 .
              
            
             If
             men
             were
             without
             reason
             ,
             this
             might
             make
             an
             objection
             ;
             but
             reasonable
             men
             wil
             conclude
             that
             mears
             or
             balks
             in
             their
             length
             may
             be
             planted
             at
             30
             yards
             distance
             without
             difficulty
             ,
             and
             that
             such
             small
             parcels
             will
             fall
             likewise
             about
             30
             yards
             distance
             in
             breadth
             ,
             not
             much
             under
             or
             over
             ;
             which
             will
             make
             no
             difference
             :
             and
             such
             trees
             as
             are
             to
             be
             planted
             upon
             partable
             Mears
             ,
             may
             by
             Law
             be
             appointed
             to
             be
             charged
             in
             their
             plantation
             ,
             and
             fencing
             ,
             and
             divided
             in
             their
             benefits
             equally
             between
             such
             owners
             ,
             as
             have
             a
             community
             therein
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Object
                 .
              
               9
            
             But
             this
             
               Designe
               ,
            
             if
             once
             it
             come
             to
             perfection
             ,
             will
             undo
             many
             families
             ,
             who
             live
             by
             Brewing
             and
             Malting
             .
          
           
             
               
                 Answ
                 .
              
            
             The
             light
             of
             nature
             will
             teach
             us
             that
             a
             common
             ,
             and
             publike
             good
             is
             to
             be
             preferred
             to
             all
             private
             profit
             ;
             as
             the
             saying
             is
             ,
             
               
                 A
                 publique
                 good
                 doth
                 many
                 wayes
                 outvie
                 
              
               
                 All
                 private
                 good
                 ,
                 and
                 self-utilitie
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Besides
             ,
             the
             multiplicity
             of
             men
             practising
             Brewing
             ,
             and
             Malting
             is
             but
             rather
             a
             bane
             then
             a
             benefit
             to
             this
             Common-wealth
             ;
             ministring
             occasion
             to
             thousands
             of
             blinde
             and
             unnecessary
             Tipling-houses
             ,
             whereby
             drunkennesse
             ,
             disorder
             ,
             and
             dangerous
             plots
             are
             fomented
             and
             nourished
             to
             the
             great
             dishonour
             of
             God
             ,
             and
             disturbance
             of
             the
             State
             and
             Common-wealth
             ;
             
             so
             that
             it
             were
             to
             be
             wished
             that
             every
             private
             family
             in
             this
             whole
             Nation
             were
             so
             provided
             ,
             that
             there
             might
             not
             be
             any
             further
             occasion
             to
             expend
             so
             much
             corn
             in
             Malt
             ,
             or
             so
             much
             money
             and
             precious
             time
             in
             Ale-houses
             and
             drink
             ,
             which
             would
             cause
             every
             pious
             heart
             rather
             to
             rejoyce
             with
             thanksgiving
             ,
             then
             to
             repine
             with
             murmuring
             for
             the
             disappointing
             of
             self-ends
             and
             advantages
             ,
             when
             the
             publique
             Good
             should
             be
             so
             greatly
             advanced
             .
          
        
         
           
             Instructions
             concerning
             this
             Designe
             .
          
           
             Although
             planting
             doth
             chiefly
             depend
             upon
             the
             blessing
             and
             providence
             of
             God
             ,
             
             (
             without
             which
             no
             benefit
             can
             be
             expected
             )
             yet
             God
             who
             ordaineth
             the
             end
             ,
             appointeth
             also
             the
             means
             conducible
             thereunto
             ;
             not
             that
             men
             should
             rest
             in
             the
             means
             appointed
             ,
             but
             that
             they
             waiting
             upon
             God
             in
             the
             use
             of
             meanes
             should
             expect
             his
             blessing
             thereupon
             of
             his
             grace
             and
             mercy
             :
             according
             to
             the
             saying
             ,
             
               
                 Rest
                 not
                 in
                 meanes
                 ,
                 use
                 meanes
                 Gods
                 gifts
                 to
                 gain
                 ;
              
               
                 God
                 gives
                 the
                 end
                 ,
                 and
                 meanes
                 his
                 ends
                 t'
                 attain
                 .
              
            
          
           
             Therefore
             we
             have
             thought
             good
             to
             set
             down
             for
             the
             help
             of
             such
             as
             are
             unskilfull
             in
             the
             noble
             Art
             of
             Planting
             ,
             such
             necessary
             Instructions
             and
             Directions
             touching
             this
             Designe
             ,
             as
             by
             experience
             have
             been
             found
             usefull
             and
             commodious
             for
             our
             Countrey
             of
             
               England
               ,
            
             letting
             go
             those
             unprofitable
             conclusions
             wherewith
             many
             have
             filled
             their
             books
             of
             this
             Art
             of
             Planting
             ,
             taken
             for
             the
             most
             part
             out
             of
             the
             writings
             
             and
             experiments
             of
             other
             Nations
             ,
             as
             Italy
             ,
             France
             and
             Spain
             ,
             &c.
             which
             being
             of
             far
             different
             Climates
             from
             our
             Nation
             ,
             however
             they
             may
             be
             usefull
             and
             effectuall
             unto
             others
             ,
             are
             indeed
             altogether
             uselesse
             and
             in-effectuall
             unto
             us
             in
             England
             :
             for
             ,
             
               
                 Each
                 land
                 the
                 like
                 alike
                 will
                 never
                 yield
                 ,
                 
              
               
                 Clime
                 alters
                 much
                 in
                 Garden
                 ,
                 Orchard
                 ,
                 field
                 ,
              
               
                 Leave
                 France
                 to
                 French
                 ,
                 and
                 Spain
                 to
                 Spanish
                 Sun
                 ;
              
               
                 What
                 England
                 may
                 is
                 best
                 to
                 think
                 upon
                 .
              
            
          
        
         
           
             Instructions
             concerning
             wilde
             Sets
             and
             Stocks
             to
             plant
             
             and
             graft
             upon
             .
          
           
             For
             the
             increase
             and
             store
             of
             wilde
             Sets
             and
             Stocks
             to
             plant
             and
             to
             graft
             upon
             ;
             It
             is
             very
             requisite
             ,
          
           
             
             That
             every
             man
             ,
             according
             to
             the
             proportion
             of
             his
             occupation
             have
             some
             yard
             or
             inclosure
             for
             his
             wilde
             Sets
             and
             Stocks
             ,
             which
             may
             serve
             him
             as
             a
             continual
             Nursery
             ,
             to
             plant
             and
             supply
             all
             his
             other
             Grounds
             and
             Plantations
             .
          
           
             
             Let
             this
             Inclosure
             or
             Nursery
             be
             well
             and
             strongly
             fenced
             so
             as
             no
             cattel
             may
             hurt
             it
             ;
             for
             a
             beast
             will
             do
             more
             mischief
             in
             a
             night
             unto
             the
             Nursery
             then
             it
             will
             recover
             in
             seven
             years
             after
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Nursery
             would
             not
             be
             of
             the
             richest
             and
             fattest
             ground
             ,
             but
             rather
             inclinable
             to
             leannesse
             ,
             that
             so
             the
             wilde
             Sets
             and
             Stocks
             being
             transplanted
             ,
             may
             be
             removed
             from
             a
             mean
             to
             a
             better
             ;
             from
             a
             lean
             to
             a
             fatter
             soyl
             ,
             otherwise
             they
             will
             not
             prosper
             .
          
           
             
             At
             the
             first
             ,
             let
             this
             Nursery
             be
             well
             digged
             ,
             and
             as
             much
             as
             may
             be
             made
             cleer
             of
             all
             noisome
             weeds
             ,
             (
             especially
             
             of
             Spearegrasse
             )
             by
             harrowing
             ,
             raking
             ,
             and
             sowing
             Turneps
             the
             year
             before
             ,
             or
             covering
             that
             all
             over
             with
             brakes
             :
             otherwise
             the
             weeds
             willl
             much
             hinder
             the
             growth
             and
             increase
             of
             the
             plants
             or
             Sets
             .
          
           
             
             To
             replenish
             this
             Nursery
             in
             the
             best
             way
             ,
             is
             to
             sowe
             that
             all
             over
             with
             the
             goods
             ,
             or
             stamping
             of
             crabs
             ,
             apples
             ,
             pears
             ,
             and
             kernels
             of
             Quince
             about
             Alhollon-tide
             ,
             or
             in
             November
             ,
             or
             at
             such
             time
             as
             you
             make
             your
             Verjuice
             ,
             Sydar
             ,
             or
             Perry
             ,
             and
             then
             to
             riddle
             good
             earth
             all
             over
             to
             cover
             them
             a
             finger
             thick
             (
             or
             to
             rake
             them
             in
             ,
             which
             is
             not
             so
             good
             )
             and
             so
             covering
             them
             with
             thorns
             to
             expect
             their
             Spring
             in
             February
             ,
             March
             ,
             and
             April
             ,
             when
             the
             covering
             is
             to
             be
             taken
             away
             from
             them
             .
          
           
             
             Chuse
             the
             best
             and
             greatest
             walnuts
             ,
             (
             as
             the
             Welsh
             nut
             ,
             French
             nut
             ,
             &c.
             )
             and
             set
             them
             all
             about
             your
             Nursery
             ,
             without
             the
             plants
             ,
             some
             three
             or
             four
             foot
             distance
             ;
             or
             they
             may
             be
             set
             altogether
             upon
             beds
             by
             themselves
             .
          
           
             
             For
             three
             years
             after
             the
             Nursery
             be
             thus
             replenished
             ,
             be
             carefull
             to
             keep
             it
             very
             clean
             from
             weeds
             ,
             grasse
             ,
             or
             any
             other
             beggery
             ,
             for
             it
             will
             requite
             the
             owner
             abundantly
             for
             his
             paines
             .
          
           
             
             The
             wilde
             Sets
             being
             three
             foot
             high
             would
             be
             removed
             ,
             and
             set
             a
             foot
             distance
             one
             from
             another
             ,
             and
             would
             have
             their
             long
             top-roots
             cut
             off
             ,
             that
             they
             may
             root
             the
             better
             ,
             and
             grow
             the
             greater
             ;
             otherwise
             they
             will
             grow
             down
             with
             a
             long
             top
             ,
             and
             up
             with
             a
             high
             top
             ,
             their
             bodies
             being
             slender
             ,
             not
             fit
             to
             graft
             ,
             and
             to
             remove
             dangerous
             ,
             as
             having
             few
             or
             none
             other
             roots
             but
             their
             long
             top-roots
             .
          
           
             
             At
             this
             first
             removing
             of
             the
             wilde
             Sets
             ,
             cut
             off
             
             onely
             the
             spray
             and
             branches
             of
             the
             plants
             ,
             pruning
             them
             into
             a
             straight
             wands
             ,
             and
             cut
             not
             off
             their
             heads
             ,
             for
             that
             will
             hinder
             them
             ,
             being
             so
             young
             and
             tender
             .
          
           
             
             There
             is
             another
             way
             to
             replenish
             the
             Nursery
             ,
             which
             is
             by
             setting
             at
             a
             foot
             distance
             branches
             of
             apple
             trees
             with
             Burknots
             ,
             or
             the
             suckers
             which
             are
             found
             in
             Orchards
             ,
             and
             may
             be
             taken
             from
             the
             Roots
             of
             the
             Apple
             ,
             Pear
             ,
             or
             Quince-trees
             ,
             or
             the
             shoots
             of
             the
             Kentish
             Codling
             cut
             off
             and
             pricked
             in
             the
             ground
             ,
             all
             which
             wil
             take
             and
             grow
             wel
             ;
             onely
             it
             must
             be
             remembred
             that
             such
             suckers
             must
             be
             taken
             as
             may
             have
             some
             roots
             ,
             and
             these
             must
             be
             well
             pruned
             and
             headed
             likewise
             when
             they
             are
             transplanted
             into
             the
             Nursery
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Quince
             is
             the
             most
             apt
             of
             all
             other
             to
             grow
             ,
             whether
             by
             kernels
             sowne
             ,
             suckers
             ,
             or
             even
             any
             young
             branch
             cut
             off
             from
             the
             body
             ,
             with
             a
             soals
             foot
             ,
             set
             into
             good
             earth
             about
             November
             will
             take
             and
             grow
             .
             Also
             if
             a
             bough
             be
             half
             split
             from
             the
             body
             in
             the
             Spring
             ;
             and
             then
             bound
             well
             about
             with
             new
             cow-dung
             ,
             and
             so
             let
             grow
             till
             Michaeltide
             ,
             or
             October
             ,
             it
             will
             be
             rooted
             into
             the
             dung
             ,
             and
             may
             be
             taken
             off
             and
             transplanted
             with
             profit
             .
          
           
             
             If
             an
             Apple
             or
             Peare-tree
             have
             any
             goodly
             young
             bough
             (
             if
             it
             be
             not
             bigger
             then
             a
             mans
             wrest
             )
             it
             may
             be
             rooted
             upon
             the
             tree
             :
             if
             in
             June
             the
             bark
             be
             taken
             away
             round
             the
             bough
             the
             breadth
             of
             four
             fingers
             ,
             and
             a
             be
             skep
             (
             having
             a
             hole
             in
             the
             crown
             answerable
             to
             the
             bignesse
             of
             the
             bowe
             )
             be
             slit
             down
             the
             side
             ,
             that
             it
             may
             open
             ,
             and
             so
             set
             ,
             and
             fastened
             below
             .
             The
             barked
             place
             with
             the
             mouth
             upward
             ,
             and
             so
             filled
             with
             fat
             ,
             sad
             ,
             and
             clayish
             earth
             well
             moistened
             ,
             and
             so
             let
             stand
             untill
             November
             or
             Deecmber
             ,
             and
             then
             being
             
             cut
             off
             below
             the
             skep
             ,
             the
             head
             pruned
             ,
             and
             transplanted
             into
             good
             ground
             ,
             and
             the
             skep
             gently
             taken
             away
             ,
             so
             as
             the
             earth
             be
             not
             loosed
             ,
             it
             will
             grow
             a
             fruitfull
             dwarf-tree
             .
          
        
         
           
             Instructions
             concerning
             Removings
             ,
             or
             Transplantations
             .
          
           
             
             When
             your
             wilde
             Sets
             and
             Stocks
             are
             fit
             for
             transplanting
             ,
             it
             is
             best
             to
             remove
             them
             before
             they
             be
             grafted
             ,
             so
             they
             will
             be
             in
             lesse
             danger
             to
             die
             ;
             and
             the
             cutting
             of
             the
             tops
             of
             the
             wilde
             Sets
             will
             be
             no
             hinderance
             either
             to
             growth
             or
             grafting
             .
          
           
             
             The
             best
             time
             to
             transplant
             these
             trees
             ,
             is
             September
             and
             October
             (
             with
             their
             leaf
             upon
             their
             head
             ,
             )
             because
             the
             winter
             will
             both
             close
             and
             consolidate
             the
             earth
             about
             the
             roots
             ,
             and
             also
             the
             remainder
             of
             sap
             in
             the
             trees
             descending
             into
             the
             roots
             will
             fasten
             them
             the
             better
             ,
             and
             prepare
             their
             growth
             in
             the
             Spring
             the
             surer
             :
             November
             ,
             December
             ,
             and
             January
             may
             serve
             ,
             but
             are
             nothing
             so
             good
             as
             the
             other
             moneths
             .
          
           
             
             In
             all
             removings
             have
             speciall
             care
             to
             prune
             both
             the
             root
             and
             head
             ,
             remembring
             this
             ,
             that
             it
             is
             farre
             better
             to
             have
             a
             large
             root
             and
             little
             top
             ,
             then
             to
             have
             a
             great
             top
             and
             a
             little
             root
             ,
             which
             seldom
             comes
             to
             good
             .
             A
             great
             many
             roots
             may
             endure
             a
             good
             large
             top
             ,
             but
             a
             few
             roots
             would
             have
             a
             little
             top
             .
          
           
             
             Where
             the
             soil
             is
             very
             good
             ,
             it
             will
             be
             sufficient
             to
             dig
             a
             hole
             four
             times
             as
             big
             as
             the
             root
             ,
             which
             let
             it
             be
             digged
             about
             Mid-summer
             ,
             or
             as
             soon
             after
             as
             you
             can
             for
             the
             crop
             growing
             thereupon
             .
             First
             pare
             off
             the
             uppermost
             part
             thereof
             ,
             laying
             grasse
             to
             grasse
             ,
             or
             stubble
             
             to
             stubble
             ,
             and
             upon
             that
             on
             the
             one
             side
             of
             the
             hole
             lay
             the
             best
             earth
             (
             which
             will
             be
             the
             first
             speete
             ,
             or
             spade
             )
             and
             the
             rest
             by
             it self
             on
             the
             other
             side
             of
             the
             hole
             ,
             and
             so
             let
             that
             lie
             open
             to
             Sun
             and
             air
             ,
             till
             you
             transplant
             the
             trees
             ;
             then
             set
             your
             tree
             in
             the
             best
             earth
             first
             ,
             being
             well
             broken
             and
             mouldred
             ,
             laying
             out
             the
             roots
             in
             their
             severall
             proportion
             set
             not
             your
             tree
             too
             deep
             ,
             after
             that
             put
             in
             the
             worst
             earth
             uppermost
             ,
             carefully
             closing
             the
             earth
             alwayes
             about
             the
             roots
             .
             You
             may
             lay
             some
             dung
             upon
             the
             uppermost
             face
             of
             the
             hole
             after
             all
             ,
             if
             you
             please
             .
          
           
             
             In
             light
             and
             sandy
             ground
             ,
             and
             shallow
             soil
             ,
             dig
             your
             hole
             ,
             and
             prepare
             it
             as
             aforesaid
             ;
             but
             you
             must
             remember
             to
             dig
             it
             much
             deeper
             ,
             three
             or
             four
             foot
             deep
             ,
             &
             when
             you
             set
             your
             trees
             fill
             that
             up
             with
             good
             moist
             earth
             within
             a
             foot
             and
             half
             of
             the
             uppermost
             ground
             :
             then
             setting
             in
             the
             tree
             ,
             take
             slur
             of
             some
             sink
             or
             hog-yard
             ,
             or
             mud
             of
             some
             pond
             ,
             (
             or
             for
             want
             of
             these
             make
             poy
             ,
             with
             good
             earth
             and
             water
             )
             and
             pour
             it
             amongst
             the
             roots
             ,
             drawing
             them
             forth
             each
             in
             his
             way
             ,
             and
             so
             fill
             that
             up
             with
             good
             earth
             :
             this
             will
             never
             fail
             expectation
             in
             the
             growth
             of
             young
             trees
             ;
             onely
             remember
             that
             in
             sandy
             ground
             trees
             must
             be
             set
             deeper
             then
             in
             moist
             and
             good
             earth
             .
          
           
             
             In
             moist
             and
             wet
             grounds
             it
             is
             good
             to
             dig
             a
             hole
             ,
             and
             prepare
             that
             as
             followeth
             :
             when
             you
             are
             to
             set
             your
             tree
             ,
             dig
             a
             hole
             four
             foot
             over
             and
             two
             foot
             deep
             ,
             and
             then
             lay
             a
             faggot
             of
             wood
             close
             bound
             in
             the
             bottom
             ,
             well
             troden
             down
             ,
             fill
             up
             the
             hole
             again
             with
             the
             best
             earth
             ,
             then
             set
             your
             trees
             upon
             the
             plain
             ground
             on
             the
             top
             ,
             raising
             an
             hill
             of
             earth
             round
             about
             the
             root
             ,
             which
             may
             cover
             it
             well
             from
             heat
             and
             cold
             ,
             it
             will
             like
             exceedingly
             .
          
           
           
             
             When
             the
             trees
             are
             transplanted
             into
             light
             or
             sandy
             ground
             ,
             if
             the
             Spring
             or
             Summer
             following
             prove
             drie
             ,
             they
             must
             be
             watered
             very
             well
             ,
             but
             very
             seldom
             .
             The
             water
             would
             be
             taken
             out
             of
             some
             standing
             pit
             (
             which
             is
             better
             then
             spring
             ,
             or
             well-water
             )
             or
             else
             mixed
             with
             cow-dung
             (
             which
             maketh
             a
             laxative
             and
             lusty
             water
             for
             young
             trees
             )
             and
             when
             they
             are
             watered
             ,
             cover
             their
             roots
             with
             old
             straw
             ,
             or
             hatch
             ,
             putting
             it
             by
             in
             rainy
             weather
             ,
             for
             fear
             of
             mice
             harbouring
             in
             it
             .
          
           
             
             In
             the
             ttansplantation
             of
             Walnuts
             be
             very
             careful
             to
             preserve
             the
             top-root
             ;
             for
             if
             that
             be
             perished
             ,
             the
             tree
             will
             not
             thrive
             ,
             if
             not
             die
             .
          
           
             
             The
             Apple-tree
             loves
             to
             grow
             best
             in
             rich
             soil
             ,
             but
             indifferently
             in
             any
             .
          
           
             The
             Peare
             best
             in
             a
             sandie
             ,
             and
             light
             soile
             .
          
           
             The
             Qvince
             in
             a
             moist
             ground
             ,
             and
             fat
             .
          
           
             The
             Walnut-tree
             in
             a
             clayish
             or
             mixt
             soile
             .
          
           
             
             Note
             that
             the
             Medler
             ,
             and
             Service-trees
             may
             be
             planted
             in
             sandie
             ,
             and
             gravelie
             ground
             ,
             and
             will
             grow
             in
             places
             ,
             where
             other
             trees
             will
             not
             thrive
             .
             And
             these
             fruits
             are
             both
             wholesome
             and
             pleasant
             .
          
           
             
             When
             the
             Trees
             are
             transplanted
             and
             set
             ,
             they
             must
             be
             wel
             fenced
             and
             stayed
             against
             the
             shaking
             of
             winds
             both
             for
             their
             preservation
             and
             steady
             growing
             :
             Thorns
             pricked
             into
             the
             ground
             ,
             and
             bound
             about
             the
             Tree
             with
             a
             withe
             ,
             and
             a
             stake
             set
             fast
             into
             the
             ground
             to
             stay
             them
             is
             used
             by
             some
             ;
             three
             stakes
             set
             in
             a
             triangle
             about
             the
             Tree
             with
             crosse
             bars
             nailed
             from
             stake
             to
             stake
             ;
             by
             others
             ,
             stakes
             driven
             aslope
             into
             the
             ground
             two
             wayes
             ,
             and
             well
             fastened
             to
             the
             Tree
             with
             hay-bands
             ,
             and
             fenced
             ,
             others
             use
             :
             and
             some
             having
             
             fenced
             their
             Trees
             with
             a
             triangle
             (
             as
             is
             aforesaid
             )
             use
             to
             cut
             off
             the
             head
             of
             their
             Tree
             wholly
             ,
             leaving
             as
             a
             staffe
             ,
             which
             after
             will
             both
             grow
             strong
             against
             windes
             ,
             and
             put
             forth
             a
             gallant
             head
             in
             few
             years
             :
             onely
             it
             is
             to
             be
             remembred
             that
             ,
             that
             fencing
             and
             staying
             of
             your
             Trees
             is
             best
             ,
             which
             is
             most
             secure
             ,
             least
             subject
             to
             grate
             your
             Trees
             ,
             and
             longest
             lasting
             .
          
        
         
           
             Instructions
             concerning
             Grafting
             .
          
           
             
             As
             touching
             the
             kindes
             ,
             manner
             and
             time
             of
             Grafting
             ,
             they
             are
             as
             followeth
             .
          
           
             
               
                 
                   The
                   kindes
                   .
                
                 
                   Manner
                   .
                
                 
                   Time
                   of
                   grafting
                   .
                
              
               
                 
                   1
                   
                     Cōmon
                     grafting
                     is
                  
                
                 
                   
                     -
                     By
                     cleaving
                     the
                     stock
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     These
                     three
                     first
                     in
                     the
                     latter
                     end
                     of
                     February
                     ,
                     March
                     ,
                     or
                     beginning
                     of
                     April
                     .
                  
                
              
               
                 
                   2
                   
                     Incysing
                     —
                     is
                  
                
                 
                   
                     -
                     Shoulderwise
                     between
                     the
                     Bark
                     and
                     Tree
                     .
                  
                
                 
                    
                
              
               
                 
                   3
                   
                     Packing
                     —
                     is
                  
                
                 
                   
                     -
                     By
                     sloping
                     the
                     Impe
                     and
                     stocks
                     ,
                     and
                     cloving
                     them
                     together
                     like
                     a
                     whipstock
                     .
                  
                
                 
                    
                
              
               
                 
                   4
                   
                     Inoculating
                     —
                     is
                  
                
                 
                   
                     -
                     By
                     placing
                     a
                     bud
                     into
                     the
                     Bark
                     of
                     another
                     Tree
                     .
                  
                
                 
                   
                     This
                     last
                     about
                     the
                     tenth
                     of
                     June
                     .
                  
                
              
            
          
           
             
             There
             is
             an
             other
             way
             of
             crossing
             the
             pith
             of
             trees
             ,
             which
             is
             by
             boring
             two
             holes
             through
             the
             stock
             across
             a
             hand
             breadth
             one
             above
             another
             ,
             and
             making
             two
             pins
             of
             the
             same
             wood
             to
             drive
             them
             hard
             in
             ;
             some
             take
             this
             to
             be
             a
             good
             way
             .
          
           
             
             Good
             winter-fruit
             sowne
             of
             kernels
             in
             Nurseries
             ,
             and
             so
             transplanted
             ,
             will
             prove
             good
             fruit
             ,
             though
             they
             never
             be
             grafted
             at
             all
             :
             and
             note
             that
             the
             Walnut
             will
             not
             be
             grafted
             .
          
           
             
             Never
             graft
             your
             Sets
             the
             same
             year
             you
             do
             remove
             them
             ,
             but
             let
             them
             stand
             and
             take
             root
             a
             year
             at
             least
             or
             
             two
             ,
             then
             they
             will
             nourish
             their
             Grafts
             ,
             and
             thrive
             exceedingly
             .
          
           
             A
             Generall
             Rule
             for
             Grafting
             .
          
           
             
               To
               grow
               apace
               graft
               when
               the
               change
               is
               near
               ,
            
             
               But
               at
               the
               full
               Moon
               for
               your
               trees
               to
               bear
               .
            
          
        
         
           FINIS
           .
        
      
    
     
       
         Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
         
           Notes for div A87187e-140
           
             
               Esa.
            
             28.26
             ,
             27
             ,
             28.
             
          
           
             
               See
               another
               discourse
               lately
               published
               by
               a
               worthy
               and
               speciall
               friend
               of
               mine
               ,
               called
               ,
            
             Bread
             for
             the
             Poor
             ,
             &
             Advancement
             of
             the
             English
             Nation
             ,
             promised
             by
             Enclosure
             of
             the
             Wast●s
             and
             Common
             Ground
             of
             
               England
               .
            
          
           
             
               Chap.
            
             1.
             
               pag
               :
            
             3.
             
          
           
             *
             That
             is
             ,
             when
             she
             came
             first
             to
             the
             Crown
             .
          
        
         
           Notes for div A87187e-590
           
             Quicquid
             agas
             ,
             prudenter
             agas
             ;
             &
             respice
             finem
             .
          
           
             Ezeck.
             16.49
             .
          
           
             
               Cambden
               .
               Brit.
            
             As
             in
             
               Glocest
               ,
            
             and
             
               Worcest
               ,
            
             shires
             ,
             &c.
             
             In
             
               Kent
            
             about
             
               Feversham
               ,
            
             where
             by
             the
             industry
             and
             example
             of
             
               Richard
               Harris
            
             Fruterer
             to
             K.
             
               Hen.
            
             the
             eighth
             30
             Towns
             are
             planted
             to
             their
             inestimable
             benefit
             .
          
           
             Catus
             vult
             piscem
             ,
             sed
             non
             vult
             tangere
             lympham
             .
          
           
             Gerard
             .
             Herb.
             
          
           
             
               
                 In
                 which
                 Countreys
                 the
                 very
                 Hogs
                 feeding
                 upon
                 the
                 fallings
                 ,
                 make
                 choice
                 of
                 fruit
                 ,
                 and
                 first
                 taste
                 ,
                 eating
                 up
                 the
                 pleasant
                 fruit
                 ,
                 leaving
                 the
                 other
                 ,
                 there
                 is
                 such
                 abundance
                 .
              
               
                 
                   Gerards
                
                 Herb.
                 
              
            
          
           
             Cambden
             .
             Brit.
             
          
           
             Camb.
             ex
             will
             .
             Malmesbur
             .
          
           
             And
             at
             
               Bromwell
            
             Abbey
             in
             
               Norfolk
               .
            
          
           
             2
             Kings
             6.
             
             Miseries
             of
             
               Germany
               .
            
          
           
             Dimidium
             facti
             qui
             benè
             coepit
             habet
             .
          
           
             Non
             nobis
             solum
             nati
             fumus
             ,
             sed
             liberis
             ,
             &c.
             Cicero
             .
          
           
             Bonum
             quò
             communius
             eò
             melius
             .
          
           
             1
             Cor.
             3.6
             .
          
           
             Non
             omnia
             fert
             omnia
             tellus
             .
          
        
      
      
  

