The readie and easie vvay to establish a free commonwealth and the excellence therof compar'd with the inconveniences and dangers of readmitting kingship in this nation / the author J.M.
Milton, John, 1608-1674.
This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A50948 of text R33509 in the English Short Title Catalog (Wing M2174). Textual changes and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life. The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish. This text has not been fully proofread
Approx. 67 KB of XML-encoded text transcribed from 55 1-bit group-IV TIFF page images.
EarlyPrint Project
Evanston,IL, Notre Dame, IN, St. Louis, MO
2017
A50948
Wing M2174
ESTC R33509
13442281
ocm 13442281
99567
This keyboarded and encoded edition of the work described above is co-owned by the institutions providing financial support to the Early English Books Online Text Creation Partnership. This Phase I text is available for reuse, according to the terms of
Creative Commons 0 1.0 Universal
. The text can be copied, modified, distributed and performed, even for commercial purposes, all without asking permission.
Early English books online.
(EEBO-TCP ; phase 1, no. A50948)
Transcribed from: (Early English Books Online ; image set 99567)
Images scanned from microfilm: (Early English books, 1641-1700 ; 1552:30)
The readie and easie vvay to establish a free commonwealth and the excellence therof compar'd with the inconveniences and dangers of readmitting kingship in this nation / the author J.M.
Milton, John, 1608-1674.
This text is an enriched version of the TCP digital transcription A50948 of text R33509 in the English Short Title Catalog (Wing M2174). Textual changes and metadata enrichments aim at making the text more computationally tractable, easier to read, and suitable for network-based collaborative curation by amateur and professional end users from many walks of life. The text has been tokenized and linguistically annotated with MorphAdorner. The annotation includes standard spellings that support the display of a text in a standardized format that preserves archaic forms ('loveth', 'seekest'). Textual changes aim at restoring the text the author or stationer meant to publish. This text has not been fully proofread
108 p.
Printed for the author,
London :
1660.
Reproduction of original in the Harvard University Library.
eng
State, The.
Great Britain -- Politics and government -- 1649-1660.
Great Britain -- History -- Commonwealth and Protectorate, 1649-1660.
A50948 R33509 (Wing M2174). civilwar no The readie and easie vvay to establish a free commonwealth and the excellence therof compar'd with the inconveniences and dangers of readmit Milton, John 1660 12603 9 0 0 0 0 0 7 B The rate of 7 defects per 10,000 words puts this text in the B category of texts with fewer than 10 defects per 10,000 words.
2002-09 TCP
Assigned for keying and markup
2002-10 Apex CoVantage
Keyed and coded from ProQuest page images
2002-11 Chris Scherer
Sampled and proofread
2002-11 Chris Scherer
Text and markup reviewed and edited
2002-12 pfs
Batch review (QC) and XML conversion
The
readie
and
easie
way
to
establish
a
free
Commonwealth
;
and
the
excellence
therof
com
par'd
with
the
inconveniencies
and
dangers
of
readmitting
Kingship
in
this
Nation
.
The
second
edition
revis'd
and
augmented
.
The
author
J.
M.
—
—
—
et
nos
consilium
dedimus
Syl'ae
,
demus
populo
nunc
.
LONDON
,
Printed
for
the
Author
,
1660.
The
readie
and
easie
way
to
establish
a
free
Commonwealth
.
ALthough
since
the
writing
of
this
treatise
,
the
face
of
things
hath
had
som
change
,
writs
for
new
elections
have
bin
recall'd
,
and
the
members
at
first
chosen
,
re-admitted
from
exclusion
,
yet
not
a
little
rejoicing
to
hear
declar'd
the
resolution
of
those
who
are
in
power
,
tending
to
the
establishment
of
a
free
Commonwealth
,
and
to
remove
,
if
it
be
possible
,
this
noxious
humor
of
returning
to
bondage
,
instilld
of
late
by
som
deceivers
,
and
nourishd
from
bad
principles
and
fals
apprehensions
among
too
many
of
the
people
,
I
thought
best
not
to
suppress
what
I
had
written
,
hoping
that
it
may
now
be
of
much
more
use
and
concernment
to
be
freely
publishd
,
in
the
midst
of
our
Elections
to
a
free
Parlament
,
or
their
sitting
to
consider
freely
of
the
Government
;
whom
it
behoves
to
have
all
things
represented
to
them
that
may
direct
thir
judgment
therin
;
and
I
never
read
of
any
State
,
scarce
of
any
tyrant
grown
so
incurable
as
to
refuse
counsel
from
any
in
a
time
of
public
deliberation
;
much
less
to
be
offended
.
If
thir
absolute
determination
be
to
enthrall
us
,
before
so
long
a
Lent
of
Servitude
,
they
may
permitt
us
a
little
Shroving-time
first
,
wherin
to
speak
freely
,
and
take
our
leaves
of
Libertie
.
And
because
in
the
former
edition
through
haste
,
many
faults
escap'd
,
and
many
books
were
suddenly
dispersd
,
ere
the
note
to
mend
them
could
be
sent
,
I
took
the
opportunitie
from
this
occasion
to
revise
and
somwhat
to
enlarge
the
whole
discourse
,
especially
that
part
which
argues
for
a
perpetual
Senat.
The
treatise
thus
revis'd
and
enlarg'd
,
is
as
follows
.
The
Parliament
of
England
,
assisted
by
a
great
number
of
the
people
who
appeerd
and
stuck
to
them
faithfullest
in
defence
of
religion
and
thir
civil
liberties
,
judging
kingship
by
long
experience
a
government
unnecessarie
,
burdensom
and
dangerous
,
justly
and
magnanimously
abolishd
it
;
turning
regal
bondage
into
a
free
Commonwealth
,
to
the
admiration
and
terrour
of
our
emulous
neighbours
.
They
took
themselves
not
bound
by
the
light
of
nature
or
religion
,
to
any
former
covnant
,
from
which
the
King
himself
by
many
forfeitures
of
a
latter
date
or
discoverie
,
and
our
own
longer
consideration
theron
had
more
&
more
unbound
us
,
both
to
himself
and
his
posteritie
;
as
hath
bin
ever
the
justice
and
the
prudence
of
all
wise
nations
that
have
ejected
tyrannie
.
They
covnanted
to
preserve
the
Kings
person
and
autoritie
in
the
preservation
of
the
true
religion
and
our
liberties
;
not
in
his
endeavoring
to
bring
in
upon
our
consciences
a
Popish
religion
,
upon
our
liberties
thraldom
,
upon
our
lives
destruction
,
by
his
occasioning
,
if
not
complotting
,
as
was
after
discoverd
,
the
Irish
massacre
,
his
fomenting
and
arming
the
rebellion
,
his
covert
leaguing
with
the
rebels
against
us
,
his
refusing
more
then
seaven
times
,
propositions
most
just
and
necessarie
to
the
true
religion
and
our
liberties
,
tenderd
him
by
the
Parlament
both
of
England
and
Scotland
.
They
made
not
thir
covnant
concerning
him
with
no
difference
between
a
king
and
a
god
,
or
promisd
him
as
Job
did
to
the
Almightie
,
to
trust
in
him
,
though
he
slay
us
:
they
understood
that
the
solemn
ingagement
,
wherin
we
all
forswore
kingship
,
was
no
more
a
breach
of
the
covant
,
then
the
covnant
was
of
the
protestation
before
,
but
a
faithful
and
prudent
going
on
both
in
the
words
,
well
weighd
,
and
in
the
true
sense
of
the
covnant
,
without
respect
of
persons
,
when
we
could
not
serve
two
contrary
maisters
,
God
and
the
king
,
or
the
king
and
that
more
supreme
law
,
sworn
in
the
first
place
to
maintain
,
our
safetie
and
our
libertie
.
They
knew
the
people
of
England
to
be
a
free
people
,
themselves
the
representers
of
that
freedom
;
&
although
many
were
excluded
,
&
as
many
fled
(
so
they
pretended
)
from
tumults
to
Oxford
,
yet
they
were
left
a
sufficient
number
to
act
in
Parlament
;
therefor
not
bound
by
any
statute
of
preceding
Parlaments
;
but
by
the
law
of
nature
only
,
which
is
the
only
law
of
laws
truly
and
properly
to
all
mankinde
fundamental
;
the
beginning
and
the
end
of
all
Government
;
to
which
no
Parlament
or
people
that
will
throughly
reforme
,
but
may
and
must
have
recourse
;
as
they
had
and
must
yet
have
in
church
reformation
(
if
they
throughly
intend
it
)
to
evangelic
rules
;
not
to
ecclesiastical
canons
,
though
never
so
ancient
,
so
ratifi'd
and
establishd
in
the
land
by
Statutes
,
which
for
the
most
part
are
meer
positive
laws
,
neither
natural
nor
moral
,
&
so
by
any
Parlament
for
just
and
serious
considerations
,
without
scruple
to
be
at
any
time
repeal'd
.
If
others
of
thir
number
,
in
these
things
were
under
force
,
they
were
not
,
but
under
free
conscience
;
if
others
were
excluded
by
a
power
which
they
could
not
resist
,
they
were
not
therefore
to
leave
the
helm
of
government
in
no
hands
,
to
discontinue
thir
care
of
the
public
peace
and
safetie
,
to
desert
the
people
in
anarchie
and
confusion
;
no
more
then
when
so
many
of
thir
members
left
them
,
as
made
up
in
outward
formalitie
a
more
legal
Parlament
of
three
estates
against
them
.
The
best
affected
also
and
best
principl'd
of
the
people
,
stood
not
numbring
or
computing
on
which
side
were
most
voices
in
Parlament
,
but
on
which
side
appeerd
to
them
most
reason
,
most
safetie
,
when
the
house
divided
upon
main
matters
:
what
was
well
motiond
and
advis'd
,
they
examind
not
whether
fear
or
perswasion
carried
it
in
the
vote
;
neither
did
they
measure
votes
and
counsels
by
the
intentions
of
them
that
voted
;
knowing
that
intentions
either
are
but
guessd
at
,
or
not
soon
anough
known
;
and
although
good
,
can
neither
make
the
deed
such
,
nor
prevent
the
consequence
from
being
bad
:
suppose
bad
intentions
in
things
otherwise
welldon
;
what
was
welldon
,
was
by
them
who
so
thought
,
not
the
less
obey'd
or
followd
in
the
state
;
since
in
the
church
,
who
had
not
rather
follow
Iscariot
or
Simon
the
magician
,
though
to
covetous
ends
,
preaching
,
then
Saul
,
though
in
the
uprightness
of
his
heart
persecuting
the
gospell
?
Safer
they
therefor
judgd
what
they
thought
the
better
counsels
,
though
carried
on
by
some
perhaps
to
bad
ends
,
then
the
wors
,
by
others
,
though
endevord
with
best
intentions
:
and
yet
they
were
not
to
learn
that
a
greater
number
might
be
corrupt
within
the
walls
of
a
Parlament
as
well
as
of
a
citie
;
wherof
in
matters
of
neerest
concernment
all
men
will
be
judges
;
nor
easily
permitt
,
that
the
odds
of
voices
in
thir
greatest
councel
,
shall
more
endanger
them
by
corrupt
or
credulous
votes
,
then
the
odds
of
enemies
by
open
assaults
;
judging
that
most
voices
ought
not
alwaies
to
prevail
where
main
matters
are
in
question
;
if
others
hence
will
pretend
to
disturb
all
counsels
,
what
is
that
to
them
who
pretend
not
,
but
are
in
real
danger
;
not
they
only
so
judging
,
but
a
great
though
not
the
greatest
,
number
of
thir
chosen
Patriots
,
who
might
be
more
in
waight
,
then
the
others
in
number
;
there
being
in
number
little
vertue
,
but
by
weight
and
measure
wisdom
working
all
things
:
and
the
dangers
on
either
side
they
seriously
thus
waighd
:
from
the
treatie
,
short
fruits
of
long
labours
and
seaven
years
warr
;
securitie
for
twenty
years
,
if
we
can
hold
it
;
reformation
in
the
church
for
three
years
:
then
put
to
shift
again
with
our
vanquishd
maister
.
His
justice
,
his
honour
,
his
conscience
declar'd
quite
contrarie
to
ours
;
which
would
have
furnishd
him
with
many
such
evasions
,
as
in
a
book
entitl'd
an
inquisition
for
blood
,
soon
after
were
not
conceald
:
bishops
not
totally
remov'd
,
but
left
as
it
were
in
ambush
,
a
reserve
,
with
ordination
in
thir
sole
power
;
thir
lands
alreadie
sold
,
not
to
be
alienated
,
but
rented
,
and
the
sale
of
them
call'd
sacrilege
;
delinquents
few
of
many
brought
to
condigne
punishment
;
accessories
punishd
;
the
chief
author
,
above
pardon
,
though
after
utmost
resistance
,
vanquish'd
;
not
to
give
,
but
to
receive
laws
;
yet
besought
,
treated
with
,
and
to
be
thankd
for
his
gratious
concessions
,
to
be
honourd
,
worshipd
,
glorifi'd
.
If
this
we
swore
to
do
,
with
what
righteousness
in
the
sight
of
God
,
with
what
assurance
that
we
bring
not
by
such
an
oath
the
whole
sea
of
blood-guiltiness
upon
our
own
heads
?
If
on
the
other
side
we
preferr
a
free
government
,
though
for
the
present
not
obtaind
,
yet
all
those
suggested
fears
and
difficulties
,
as
the
event
will
prove
,
easily
overcome
,
we
remain
finally
secure
from
the
exasperated
regal
power
,
and
out
of
snares
;
shall
retain
the
best
part
of
our
libertie
,
which
is
our
religion
,
and
the
civil
part
will
be
from
these
who
deferr
us
,
much
more
easily
recoverd
,
being
neither
so
suttle
nor
so
awefull
as
a
King
reinthron'd
.
Nor
were
thir
actions
less
both
at
home
and
abroad
then
might
become
the
hopes
of
a
glorious
rising
Commonwealth
:
nor
were
the
expressions
both
of
armie
and
people
,
whether
in
thir
publick
declarations
or
several
writings
other
then
such
as
testifi'd
a
spirit
in
this
nation
no
less
noble
and
well
fitted
to
the
liberty
of
a
Commonwealth
,
then
in
the
ancient
Greeks
or
Romans
.
Nor
was
the
heroic
cause
unsuccesfully
defended
to
all
Christendom
against
the
tongue
of
a
famous
and
thought
invincible
adversarie
;
nor
the
constancie
and
fortitude
that
so
nobly
vindicated
our
liberty
,
our
victory
at
once
against
two
the
most
prevailing
usurpers
over
mankinde
,
superstition
and
tyrannie
unpraisd
or
uncelebrated
in
a
written
monument
,
likely
to
outlive
detraction
,
as
it
hath
hitherto
covinc'd
or
silenc'd
not
a
few
of
our
detractors
,
especially
in
parts
abroad
.
After
our
liberty
and
religion
thus
prosperously
fought
for
,
gaind
and
many
years
possessd
,
except
in
those
unhappie
interruptions
,
which
God
hath
remov'd
,
now
that
nothing
remains
,
but
in
all
reason
the
certain
hopes
of
a
speedie
and
immediat
settlement
for
ever
in
a
firm
and
free
Common-wealth
,
for
this
extolld
and
magnifi'd
nation
,
regardless
both
of
honour
wonn
or
deliverances
voutsaf't
from
heaven
,
to
fall
back
or
rather
to
creep
back
so
poorly
as
it
seems
the
multitude
would
to
thir
once
abjur'd
and
detested
thraldom
of
Kingship
,
to
be
our selves
the
slanderers
of
our
own
just
and
religious
deeds
,
though
don
by
som
to
covetous
and
ambitious
ends
,
yet
not
therefor
to
be
staind
with
their
infamie
,
or
they
to
asperse
the
integritie
of
others
,
and
yet
these
now
by
revolting
from
the
conscience
of
deeds
welldon
both
in
church
and
state
,
to
throw
away
and
forsake
,
or
rather
to
betray
a
just
and
noble
cause
for
the
mixture
of
bad
men
who
have
ill
manag'd
and
abus'd
it
(
which
had
our
fathers
don
heretofore
,
and
on
the
same
pretence
deserted
true
religion
,
what
had
long
ere
this
become
of
our
gospel
and
all
protestant
reformation
so
much
intermixt
with
the
avarice
and
ambition
of
som
reformers
?
)
and
by
thus
relapsing
,
to
verifie
all
the
bitter
predictions
of
our
triumphing
enemies
,
who
will
now
think
they
wisely
discernd
and
justly
censur'd
both
us
and
all
our
actions
as
rash
,
rebellious
,
hypocritical
and
impious
,
not
only
argues
a
strange
degenerate
contagion
suddenly
spread
among
us
fitted
and
prepar'd
for
new
slaverie
,
but
will
render
us
a
scorn
and
derision
to
all
our
neighbours
.
And
what
will
they
at
best
say
of
us
and
of
the
whole
English
name
,
but
scoffingly
as
of
that
foolish
builder
,
mentiond
by
our
Saviour
,
who
began
to
build
a
tower
,
and
was
not
able
to
finish
it
.
Where
is
this
goodly
tower
of
a
Commonwealth
,
which
the
English
boasted
they
would
build
to
overshaddow
kings
,
and
be
another
Rome
in
the
west
?
The
foundation
indeed
they
laid
gallantly
;
but
fell
into
a
wors
confusion
,
not
of
tongues
,
but
of
factions
,
then
those
at
the
tower
of
Babel
;
and
have
left
no
memorial
of
thir
work
behinde
them
remaining
,
but
in
the
common
laughter
of
Europ
.
Which
must
needs
redound
the
more
to
our
shame
,
if
we
but
look
on
our
neighbours
the
United
Provinces
,
to
us
inferior
in
all
outward
advantages
;
who
notwithstanding
,
in
the
midst
of
greater
difficulties
,
courageously
,
wisely
,
constantly
went
through
with
the
same
work
,
and
are
setl'd
in
all
the
happie
enjoiments
of
a
potent
and
flourishing
Republic
to
this
day
.
Besides
this
,
if
we
returne
to
Kingship
,
and
soon
repent
,
as
undoubtedly
we
shall
,
when
we
begin
to
finde
the
old
encroachments
coming
on
by
little
and
little
upon
our
consciences
,
which
must
necessarily
proceed
from
king
and
bishop
united
inseparably
in
one
interest
,
we
may
be
forc'd
perhaps
to
fight
over
again
all
that
we
have
fought
,
and
spend
over
again
all
that
we
have
spent
,
but
are
never
like
to
attain
thus
far
as
we
are
now
advanc'd
to
the
recoverie
of
our
freedom
,
never
to
have
it
in
possession
as
we
now
have
it
,
never
to
be
voutsaf't
heerafter
the
like
mercies
and
signal
assistances
from
heaven
in
our
cause
,
if
by
our
ingratefull
backsliding
we
make
these
fruitless
;
flying
now
to
regal
concessions
from
his
divine
condescensions
and
gratious
answers
to
our
once
importuning
praiers
against
the
tyrannie
which
we
then
groand
under
:
making
vain
and
viler
then
dirt
the
blood
of
so
many
thousand
faithfull
and
valiant
English
men
,
who
left
us
in
this
libertie
,
bought
with
thir
lives
;
losing
by
a
strange
after
game
of
folly
,
all
the
battels
we
have
wonn
,
together
with
all
Scotland
as
to
our
conquest
,
hereby
lost
,
which
never
any
of
our
kings
could
conquer
,
all
the
treasure
we
have
spent
,
not
that
corruptible
treasure
only
,
but
that
far
more
precious
of
all
our
late
miraculous
deliverances
;
treading
back
again
with
lost
labour
all
our
happie
steps
in
the
progress
of
reformation
;
and
most
pittifully
depriving
our selves
the
instant
fruition
of
that
free
government
which
we
have
so
dearly
purchasd
,
a
free
Common-wealth
,
not
only
held
by
wisest
men
in
all
ages
the
noblest
,
the
manliest
,
the
equallest
,
the
justest
government
,
the
most
agreeable
to
all
due
libertie
and
proportiond
equalitie
,
both
human
,
civil
,
and
Christian
,
most
cherishing
to
vertue
and
true
religion
,
but
also
(
I
may
say
it
with
greatest
probabilitie
)
planely
commended
,
or
rather
enjoind
by
our
Saviour
himself
,
to
all
Christians
,
not
without
remarkable
disallowance
,
and
the
brand
of
gentilism
upon
kingship
.
God
in
much
displeasure
gave
a
king
to
the
Israelites
,
and
imputed
it
a
sin
to
them
that
they
sought
one
:
but
Christ
apparently
forbids
his
disciples
to
admitt
of
any
such
heathenish
government
:
the
kings
of
the
gentiles
,
saith
he
,
exercise
lordship
over
them
;
and
they
that
exercise
authoritie
upon
them
,
are
call'd
benefactors
:
but
ye
shall
not
be
so
;
but
he
that
is
greatest
among
you
,
let
him
be
as
the
younger
;
and
he
that
is
chief
,
as
he
that
serveth
.
The
occasion
of
these
his
words
was
the
ambitious
desire
of
Zebede's
two
sons
,
to
be
exalted
above
thir
brethren
in
his
kingdom
,
which
they
thought
was
to
be
ere
long
upon
earth
.
That
he
speaks
of
civil
government
,
is
manifest
by
the
former
part
of
the
comparison
,
which
inferrs
the
other
part
to
be
alwaies
in
the
same
kinde
.
And
what
government
coms
neerer
to
this
precept
of
Christ
,
then
a
free
Common-wealth
;
wherin
they
who
are
greatest
,
are
perpetual
servants
and
drudges
to
the
public
at
thir
own
cost
and
charges
,
neglect
thir
own
affairs
;
yet
are
not
elevated
above
thir
brethren
;
live
soberly
in
thir
families
,
walk
the
streets
as
other
men
,
may
be
spoken
to
freely
,
familiarly
,
friendly
,
without
adoration
.
Wheras
a
king
must
be
ador'd
like
a
Demigod
,
with
a
dissolute
and
haughtie
court
about
him
,
of
vast
expence
and
luxurie
,
masks
and
revels
,
to
the
debaushing
of
our
prime
gentry
both
male
and
female
;
not
in
thir
passetimes
only
,
but
in
earnest
,
by
the
loos
imploiments
of
court
service
,
which
will
be
then
thought
honorable
.
There
will
be
a
queen
also
of
no
less
charge
;
in
most
likelihood
outlandish
and
a
Papist
;
besides
a
queen
mother
such
alreadie
;
together
with
both
thir
courts
and
numerous
train
:
then
a
royal
issue
,
and
ere
long
severally
thir
sumptuous
courts
;
to
the
multiplying
of
a
servile
crew
,
not
of
servants
only
,
but
of
nobility
and
gentry
,
bred
up
then
to
the
hopes
not
of
public
,
but
of
court
offices
;
to
be
stewards
,
chamberlains
,
ushers
,
grooms
,
even
of
the
close-stool
;
and
the
lower
thir
mindes
debas'd
with
court
opinions
,
contrarie
to
all
vertue
and
reformation
,
the
haughtier
will
be
thir
pride
and
profuseness
:
we
may
well
remember
this
not
long
since
at
home
;
or
need
but
look
at
present
into
the
French
court
,
where
enticements
and
preferments
daily
draw
away
and
pervert
the
Protestant
Nobilitie
.
As
to
the
burden
of
expence
,
to
our
cost
we
shall
soon
know
it
;
for
any
good
to
us
,
deserving
to
be
termd
no
better
then
the
vast
and
lavish
price
of
our
subjection
and
their
debausherie
;
which
we
are
now
so
greedily
cheapning
,
and
would
so
fain
be
paying
most
inconsideratly
to
a
single
person
;
who
for
any
thing
wherin
the
public
really
needs
him
,
will
have
little
els
to
do
,
but
to
bestow
the
eating
and
drinking
of
excessive
dainties
,
to
set
a
pompous
face
upon
the
superficial
actings
of
State
,
to
pageant
himself
up
and
down
in
progress
among
the
perpetual
bowings
and
cringings
of
an
abject
people
,
on
either
side
deifying
and
adoring
him
for
nothing
don
that
can
deserve
it
.
For
what
can
hee
more
then
another
man
?
who
even
in
the
expression
of
a
late
courtpoet
,
sits
only
like
a
great
cypher
set
to
no
purpose
before
a
long
row
of
other
significant
figures
.
Nay
it
is
well
and
happy
for
the
people
if
thir
King
be
but
a
cypher
,
being
oft
times
a
mischief
,
a
pest
,
a
scourge
of
the
nation
,
and
which
is
wors
,
not
to
be
remov'd
,
not
to
be
controul'd
,
much
less
accus'd
or
brought
to
punishment
,
without
the
danger
of
a
common
ruin
,
without
the
shaking
and
almost
subversion
of
the
whole
land
.
Wheras
in
a
free
Commonwealth
,
any
governor
or
chief
counselor
offending
,
may
be
remov'd
and
punishd
without
the
least
commotion
.
Certainly
then
that
people
must
needs
be
madd
or
strangely
infatuated
,
that
build
the
chief
hope
of
thir
common
happiness
or
safetie
on
a
single
person
:
who
if
he
happen
to
be
good
,
can
do
no
more
then
another
man
,
if
to
be
bad
,
hath
in
his
hands
to
do
more
evil
without
check
,
then
millions
of
other
men
.
The
happiness
of
a
nation
must
nee●s
be
firmest
and
certainest
in
a
full
and
free
Councel
of
thir
own
electing
,
where
no
single
person
,
but
reason
only
swa●es
.
And
what
madness
is
it
,
for
them
who
might
manage
nobly
thir
own
affairs
themselves
,
sluggishly
and
weakly
to
devolve
all
on
a
single
person
;
and
more
like
boyes
under
age
then
men
,
to
committ
all
to
his
patronage
and
disposal
,
who
neither
can
performe
what
he
undertakes
,
and
yet
for
undertaking
it
,
though
royally
paid
,
will
not
be
thir
servant
,
but
thir
lord
?
how
unmanly
must
it
needs
be
,
to
count
such
a
one
the
breath
of
our
nostrils
,
to
hang
all
our
felicity
on
him
,
all
our
safetie
,
our
well-being
,
for
which
it
we
were
aught
els
but
sluggards
or
babies
,
we
need
depend
on
none
but
God
and
our
own
counsels
,
our
own
active
vertue
and
industrie
;
Go
to
the
Ant
,
thou
sluggard
,
saith
Solomon
;
consider
her
waies
,
and
be
wise
;
which
having
no
prince
,
ruler
,
or
lord
,
provides
her
meat
in
the
summer
,
and
gathers
her
food
in
the
harvest
.
which
evidenly
shews
us
,
that
they
who
think
the
nation
undon
without
a
king
,
though
they
look
grave
or
haughtie
,
have
not
so
much
true
spirit
and
understanding
in
them
as
a
pismire
:
neither
are
these
diligent
creatures
hence
concluded
to
live
in
lawless
anarchie
,
or
that
commended
,
but
are
set
the
examples
to
imprudent
and
ungovernd
men
,
of
a
frugal
and
selfgoverning
democratie
or
Commonwealth
;
safer
and
more
thriving
in
the
joint
providence
and
counsel
of
many
industrious
equals
,
then
under
the
single
domination
of
one
imperious
Lord
.
It
may
be
well
wonderd
that
any
Nation
styling
themselves
free
,
can
suffer
any
man
to
pretend
hereditarie
right
over
them
as
thir
lord
;
when
as
by
acknowledging
that
right
,
they
conclude
themselves
his
servants
and
his
vassals
,
and
so
renounce
thir
own
freedom
.
Which
how
a
people
and
thir
leaders
especially
can
do
,
who
have
fought
so
gloriously
for
liberty
,
how
they
can
change
thir
noble
words
and
actions
,
heretofore
so
becoming
the
majesty
of
a
free
people
,
into
the
base
necessitie
of
court
flatteries
and
prostrations
,
is
not
only
strange
and
admirable
,
but
lamentable
to
think
on
.
That
a
nation
should
be
so
valorous
and
courageous
to
winn
thir
liberty
in
the
field
,
and
when
they
have
wonn
it
,
should
be
so
heartless
and
unwise
in
thir
counsels
,
as
not
to
know
how
to
use
it
,
value
it
,
what
to
do
withit
or
with
themselves
;
but
after
ten
or
twelve
years
prosperous
warr
and
contestation
with
tyrannie
,
basely
and
besottedly
to
run
their
necks
again
into
the
yoke
which
they
have
broken
,
and
prostrate
all
the
fruits
of
thir
victorie
for
naught
at
the
feet
of
the
vanquishd
,
besides
our
loss
of
glorie
,
and
such
an
example
as
kings
or
tyrants
never
yet
had
the
like
to
boast
of
,
will
be
an
ignomine
if
it
befall
us
,
that
never
yet
befell
any
nation
possessd
of
thir
libertie
;
worthie
indeed
themselves
,
whatsoever
they
be
,
to
be
for
ever
slaves
:
but
that
part
of
the
nation
which
consents
not
with
them
,
as
I
perswade
me
of
a
great
number
,
far
worthier
then
by
their
means
to
be
brought
into
the
same
bondage
.
Considering
these
things
so
plane
,
so
rational
,
I
cannot
but
yet
furder
admire
on
the
other
side
,
how
any
man
who
hath
the
true
principles
of
justice
and
religion
in
him
,
can
presume
or
take
upon
him
to
be
a
king
and
lord
over
his
brethren
,
whom
he
cannot
but
know
whether
as
men
or
Christians
,
to
be
for
the
most
part
every
way
equal
or
superior
to
himself
:
how
he
can
display
with
such
vanitie
and
ostentation
his
regal
splendor
so
supereminently
above
other
mortal
men
;
or
being
a
Christian
,
can
assume
such
extraordinarie
honour
and
worship
to
himself
,
while
the
kingdom
of
Christ
our
common
King
and
Lord
,
is
hid
to
this
world
,
and
such
gentilish
imitation
forbid
in
express
words
by
himself
to
all
his
disciples
.
All
Protestants
hold
that
Christ
in
his
church
hath
left
no
vicegerent
of
his
power
,
but
himself
without
deputie
,
is
the
only
head
therof
,
governing
it
from
heaven
:
how
then
can
any
Christian-man
derive
his
kingship
from
Christ
,
but
with
wors
usurpation
then
the
Pope
his
headship
over
the
church
,
since
Christ
not
only
hath
not
left
the
least
shaddow
of
a
command
for
any
such
vicegerence
from
him
in
the
State
,
as
the
Pope
pretends
for
his
in
the
Church
,
but
hath
expressly
declar'd
,
that
such
regal
dominion
is
from
the
gentiles
,
not
from
him
,
and
hath
strictly
charg'd
us
,
not
to
imitate
them
therin
.
I
doubt
not
but
all
ingenuous
and
knowing
men
will
easily
agree
with
me
,
that
a
free
Commonwealth
without
single
person
or
house
of
lords
,
is
by
far
the
best
government
,
if
it
can
be
had
;
but
we
have
all
this
while
say
they
bin
expecting
it
,
and
cannot
yet
attain
it
.
T
is
true
indeed
,
when
monarchie
was
dissolvd
,
the
form
of
a
Commonwealth
should
have
forthwith
bin
fram'd
;
and
the
practice
therof
immediatly
begun
;
that
the
people
might
have
soon
bin
satisfi'd
and
delighted
with
the
decent
order
,
ease
and
benefit
therof
:
we
had
bin
then
by
this
time
firmly
rooted
,
past
fear
of
commotions
or
mutations
,
&
now
flourishing
:
this
care
of
timely
setling
a
new
government
instead
of
ye
old
,
too
much
neglected
,
hath
bin
our
mischief
.
Yet
the
cause
therof
may
be
ascrib'd
with
most
reason
to
the
frequent
disturbances
,
interruptions
and
dissolutions
which
the
Parlament
hath
had
partly
from
the
impatient
or
disaffected
people
,
partly
from
som
ambitious
leaders
in
the
Armie
;
much
contrarie
,
I
beleeve
,
to
the
mind
and
approbation
of
the
Armie
it self
and
thir
other
Commanders
,
once
undeceivd
,
or
in
thir
own
power
.
Now
is
the
opportunitie
,
now
the
very
season
wherein
we
may
obtain
a
free
Commonwealth
and
establish
it
for
ever
in
the
land
,
without
difficulty
or
much
delay
.
Writs
are
sent
out
for
elections
,
and
which
is
worth
observing
in
the
name
,
not
of
any
king
,
but
of
the
keepers
of
our
libertie
,
to
summon
a
free
Parlament
:
which
then
only
will
indeed
be
free
,
and
deserve
the
true
honor
of
that
supreme
title
,
if
they
preserve
us
a
free
people
.
Which
never
Parlament
was
more
free
to
do
;
being
now
call'd
,
not
as
heretofore
,
by
the
summons
of
a
king
,
but
by
the
voice
of
libertie
:
and
if
the
people
,
laying
afide
prejudice
and
impatience
,
will
seriously
and
calmly
now
consider
thir
own
good
both
religious
and
civil
,
thir
own
libertie
and
the
only
means
thereof
,
as
shall
be
heer
laid
before
them
,
and
will
elect
thir
Knights
and
Burgesses
able
men
,
and
according
to
the
just
and
necessarie
qualifications
(
which
for
aught
I
hear
,
remain
yet
in
force
unrepeald
,
as
they
were
formerly
decreed
in
Parlament
)
men
not
addicted
to
a
single
person
or
house
of
lords
,
the
work
is
don
;
at
least
the
foundation
firmly
laid
of
a
free
Common-wealth
,
and
good
part
also
erected
of
the
main
structure
.
For
the
ground
and
basis
of
every
just
and
free
government
(
since
men
have
smarted
so
oft
for
commiting
all
to
one
person
)
is
a
general
councel
of
ablest
men
,
chosen
by
the
people
to
consult
of
public
affairs
from
time
to
time
for
the
common
good
.
In
this
Grand
Councel
must
the
sovrantie
,
not
transferrd
,
but
delegated
only
,
and
as
it
were
deposited
,
reside
;
with
this
caution
they
must
have
the
forces
by
sea
and
land
committed
to
them
for
preservation
of
the
common
peace
and
libertie
;
must
raise
and
manage
the
public
revenue
,
at
least
with
som
inspectors
deputed
for
satisfaction
of
the
people
,
how
it
is
imploid
;
must
make
or
propose
,
as
more
expressly
shall
be
said
anon
,
civil
laws
;
treat
of
commerce
,
peace
,
or
warr
with
forein
nations
,
and
for
the
carrying
on
som
particular
affairs
with
more
secrecie
and
expedition
,
must
elect
,
as
they
have
alreadie
out
of
thir
own
number
and
others
,
a
Councel
of
State
.
And
although
it
may
seem
strange
at
first
hearing
,
by
reason
that
mens
mindes
are
prepossed
with
the
notion
of
successive
Parlaments
,
I
affirme
that
the
Grand
or
General
Councel
being
well
chosen
,
should
be
perpetual
:
for
so
thir
business
is
or
may
be
,
and
oft
times
urgent
;
the
opportunitie
of
affairs
gaind
or
lost
in
a
moment
.
The
day
of
counsel
cannot
be
set
as
the
day
of
a
festival
;
but
must
be
readie
alwaies
to
prevent
or
answer
all
occasions
.
By
this
continuance
they
will
become
everie
way
skilfullest
,
best
provided
of
intelligence
from
abroad
,
best
acquainted
with
the
people
at
home
,
and
the
people
with
them
.
The
ship
of
the
Commonwealth
is
alwaies
under
sail
;
they
sit
at
the
stern
;
and
if
they
stear
well
,
what
need
is
ther
to
change
them
;
it
being
rather
dangerous
?
And
to
this
,
that
the
Grand
Councel
is
both
foundation
and
main
pillar
of
the
whole
State
;
and
to
move
pillars
and
foundations
,
not
faultie
,
cannot
be
safe
for
the
building
.
I
see
not
therefor
,
how
we
can
be
advantag'd
by
successive
and
transitorie
Parlaments
;
but
that
they
are
much
likelier
continually
to
unsettle
rather
then
to
settle
a
free
government
;
to
breed
commotions
,
changes
,
novelties
and
uncertainties
;
to
bring
neglect
upon
present
affairs
and
opportunities
,
while
all
mindes
are
suspense
with
expectation
of
a
new
assemblie
,
and
the
assemblie
for
a
good
space
taken
up
with
the
new
setling
of
it self
.
After
which
,
if
they
finde
no
great
work
to
do
,
they
will
make
it
,
by
altering
or
repealing
former
acts
,
or
making
and
multiplying
new
;
that
they
may
seem
to
see
what
thir
predecessors
saw
not
,
and
not
to
have
assembld
for
nothing
:
till
all
law
be
lost
in
the
multitude
of
clashing
statutes
.
But
if
the
ambition
of
such
as
think
themselves
injur'd
that
they
also
partake
not
of
the
government
,
and
are
impatient
till
they
be
chosen
,
cannot
brook
the
perpetuitie
of
others
chosen
before
them
,
or
if
it
be
feard
that
long
continuance
of
power
may
corrupt
sincerest
men
,
the
known
expedient
is
,
and
by
som
lately
propounded
,
that
annually
(
or
if
the
space
be
longer
,
so
much
perhaps
the
better
)
the
third
part
of
Senators
may
go
out
according
to
the
precedence
of
thir
election
,
and
the
like
number
be
chosen
in
thir
places
,
to
prevent
the
setling
of
too
absolute
a
power
,
if
it
should
be
perpetual
:
and
this
they
call
partial
rotation
.
But
I
could
wish
that
this
wheel
or
partial
wheel
in
State
,
if
it
be
possible
,
might
be
avoided
;
as
having
too
much
affinitie
with
the
wheel
of
fortune
.
For
it
appeers
not
how
this
can
be
don
,
without
danger
and
mischance
of
putting
out
a
great
number
of
the
best
and
ablest
:
in
whose
stead
new
elections
may
bring
in
as
many
raw
,
unexperienc'd
and
otherwise
affected
,
to
the
weakning
and
much
altering
for
the
wors
of
public
transactions
▪
Neither
do
I
think
a
perpetual
Senat
,
especially
chosen
and
entrusted
by
the
people
,
much
in
this
land
to
be
feard
,
where
the
well-affected
either
in
a
standing
armie
,
or
in
a
setled
militia
have
thir
arms
in
thir
own
hands
.
Safest
therefor
to
me
it
seems
and
of
least
hazard
or
interruption
to
affairs
,
that
none
of
the
Grand
Councel
be
mov'd
,
unless
by
death
or
just
conviction
of
som
crime
:
for
what
can
be
expected
firm
or
stedfast
from
a
floating
foundation
?
however
,
I
forejudge
not
any
probable
expedient
,
any
temperament
that
can
be
found
in
things
of
this
nature
so
disputable
on
either
side
.
Yet
least
this
which
I
affirme
,
be
thought
my
single
opinion
,
I
shall
add
sufficient
testimonie
.
Kingship
it self
is
therefor
counted
the
more
safe
and
durable
,
because
the
king
and
,
for
the
most
part
,
his
councel
,
is
not
chang'd
during
life
:
but
a
Commonwealth
is
held
immortal
;
and
therin
firmest
,
safest
and
most
above
fortune
:
for
the
death
of
a
king
,
causeth
ofttimes
many
dangerous
alterations
;
but
the
death
now
and
then
of
a
Senator
is
not
felt
;
the
main
bodie
of
them
still
continuing
permanent
in
greatest
and
noblest
Commonwealths
,
and
as
it
were
eternal
.
Therefor
among
the
Jews
,
the
supreme
councel
of
seaventie
,
call'd
the
Sanhedrim
,
founded
by
Moses
,
in
Athens
,
that
of
Areopagus
,
in
Sparta
,
that
of
the
Ancients
,
in
Rome
,
the
Senat
,
consisted
of
members
chosen
for
term
of
life
;
and
by
that
means
remaind
as
it
were
still
the
same
to
generations
.
In
Venice
they
change
indeed
ofter
then
every
year
som
particular
councels
of
State
,
as
that
of
six
,
or
such
other
;
but
the
true
Senat
,
which
upholds
and
sustains
the
government
,
is
the
whole
aristocracie
immovable
.
So
in
the
United
Provinces
,
the
States
General
,
which
are
indeed
but
a
councel
of
st
te
deputed
by
the
whole
union
,
are
not
usually
the
same
persons
for
above
three
or
six
years
;
but
the
States
of
every
citie
,
in
whom
the
sovrantie
hath
bin
plac'd
time
out
of
minde
,
are
a
standing
Senat
,
without
succession
,
and
accounted
chiefly
in
that
regard
the
main
prop
of
thir
liberty
.
And
why
they
should
be
so
in
every
well
orderd
Common-wealth
,
they
who
write
of
policie
,
give
these
reasons
;
"
That
to
make
the
Senat
successive
,
not
only
impairs
the
dignitie
and
lustre
of
the
Senat
,
but
weakens
the
whole
Commonwealth
,
and
brings
it
into
manifest
danger
;
while
by
this
means
the
secrets
of
State
are
frequently
divulgd
,
and
matters
of
greatest
consequence
committed
to
inexpert
and
novice
counselors
,
utterly
to
seek
in
the
full
and
intimate
knowledge
of
affairs
past
.
"
I
know
not
therefor
what
should
be
peculiar
in
England
to
make
successive
Parlaments
thought
safest
,
or
convenient
here
more
then
in
other
nations
,
unless
it
be
the
fickl'ness
which
is
attributed
to
us
as
we
are
Ilanders
:
but
good
education
and
acquisit
wisdom
ought
to
correct
the
fluxible
fault
,
if
any
such
be
,
of
our
watry
situation
.
It
will
be
objected
,
that
in
those
places
where
they
had
perpetual
Senats
,
they
had
also
popular
remedies
against
thir
growing
too
imperious
:
as
in
Athens
,
besides
Areopagus
,
another
Senat
of
four
or
five
hunderd
;
in
Sparta
,
the
Ephors
;
in
Rome
,
the
Tribunes
of
the
people
.
But
the
event
tels
us
,
that
these
remedies
either
little
availd
the
people
,
or
brought
them
to
such
a
licentious
and
unbridl'd
democratie
,
as
in
fine
ruind
themselves
with
thir
own
excessive
power
.
So
that
the
main
reason
urg'd
why
popular
assemblies
are
to
be
trusted
with
the
peoples
libertie
,
rather
then
a
Senat
of
principal
men
,
because
great
men
will
be
still
endeavoring
to
inlarge
thir
power
,
but
the
common
sort
will
be
contented
to
maintain
thir
own
libertie
,
is
by
experience
found
false
;
none
being
more
immoderat
and
ambitious
to
amplifie
thir
power
,
then
such
popularities
;
which
was
seen
in
the
people
of
Rome
;
who
at
first
contented
to
have
thir
Tribunes
,
at
length
contended
with
the
Senat
that
one
Consul
,
then
both
;
soon
after
,
that
the
Censors
and
Praetors
also
should
be
created
Plebeian
,
and
the
whole
empire
put
into
their
hands
;
adoring
lastly
those
,
who
most
were
advers
to
the
Senat
,
till
Marius
by
fulfilling
thir
inordinat
desires
,
quite
lost
them
all
the
power
for
which
they
had
so
long
bin
striving
,
and
left
them
under
the
tyrannie
of
Sylla
:
the
ballance
therefor
must
be
exactly
so
set
,
as
to
preserve
and
keep
up
due
autoritie
on
either
side
,
as
well
in
the
Senat
as
in
the
people
.
And
this
annual
rotation
of
a
Senat
to
consist
of
three
hunderd
,
as
is
lately
propounded
,
requires
also
another
popular
assembly
upward
of
a
thousand
,
with
an
answerable
rotation
.
Which
besides
that
it
will
be
liable
to
all
those
inconveniencies
found
in
the
foresaid
remedies
,
cannot
but
be
troublesom
and
chargeable
,
both
in
thir
motion
and
thir
session
,
to
the
whole
land
;
unweildie
with
thir
own
bulk
,
unable
in
so
great
a
number
to
mature
thir
consultations
as
they
ought
,
if
any
be
allotted
them
,
and
that
they
meet
not
from
so
many
parts
remote
to
sit
a
whole
year
lieger
in
one
place
,
only
now
and
then
to
hold
up
a
forrest
of
fingers
,
or
to
convey
each
man
his
bean
or
ballot
into
the
box
,
without
reason
shewn
or
common
deliberation
;
incontinent
of
secrets
,
if
any
be
imparted
to
them
,
emulous
and
always
jarring
with
the
other
Senat.
The
much
better
way
doubtless
will
be
in
this
wavering
condition
of
our
affairs
,
to
deferr
the
changing
or
circumscribing
of
our
Senat
,
more
then
may
be
done
with
ease
,
till
the
Commonwealth
be
throughly
setl'd
in
peace
and
safetie
,
and
they
themselves
give
us
the
occasion
.
Militarie
men
hold
it
dangerous
to
change
the
form
of
battel
in
view
of
an
enemie
:
neither
did
the
people
of
Rome
bandie
with
thir
Senat
while
any
of
the
Tarquins
livd
,
the
enemies
of
thir
libertie
,
nor
sought
by
creating
Tribunes
to
defend
themselves
against
the
fear
of
thir
Patricians
,
till
sixteen
years
after
the
expulsion
of
thir
kings
,
and
in
full
securitie
of
thir
state
,
they
had
or
thought
they
had
just
cause
given
them
by
the
Senat.
Another
way
will
be
,
to
welqualifie
and
refine
elections
:
not
committing
all
to
the
noise
and
shouting
of
a
rude
multitude
,
but
permitting
only
those
of
them
who
are
rightly
qualifi'd
,
to
nominat
as
many
as
they
will
;
and
out
of
that
number
others
of
a
better
breeding
,
to
chuse
a
less
number
more
judiciously
,
till
after
a
third
or
fourth
sifting
and
refining
of
exactest
choice
,
they
only
be
left
chosen
who
are
the
due
number
,
and
seem
by
most
voices
the
worthiest
.
To
make
the
people
fittest
to
chuse
,
and
the
chosen
fittest
to
govern
,
will
be
to
mend
our
corrupt
and
faulty
education
,
to
teach
the
people
faith
not
without
vertue
,
temperance
,
modestie
,
sobrietie
,
parsimonie
,
justice
;
not
to
admire
wealth
or
honour
;
to
hate
turbulence
and
ambition
;
to
place
every
one
his
privat
welfare
and
happiness
in
the
public
peace
,
libertie
and
safetie
.
They
shall
not
then
need
to
be
much
mistrustfull
of
thir
chosen
Patriots
in
the
Grand
Councel
;
who
will
be
then
rightly
call'd
the
true
keepers
of
our
libertie
,
though
the
most
of
thir
business
will
be
in
forein
affairs
.
But
to
prevent
all
mistrust
,
the
people
then
will
have
thir
several
ordinarie
assemblies
(
which
will
henceforth
quite
annihilate
the
odious
power
and
name
of
Committies
)
in
the
chief
towns
of
every
countie
,
without
the
trouble
,
charge
,
or
time
lost
of
summoning
and
assembling
from
far
in
so
great
a
number
,
and
so
long
residing
from
thir
own
houses
,
or
removing
of
thir
families
,
to
do
as
much
at
home
in
thir
several
shires
,
entire
or
subdivided
,
toward
the
securing
of
thir
libertie
,
as
a
numerous
assembly
of
them
all
formd
and
conven'd
on
purpose
with
the
wariest
rotation
.
Wher
of
I
shall
speak
more
ere
the
end
of
this
discourse
:
for
it
may
be
referrd
to
time
,
so
we
be
still
going
on
by
degrees
to
perfection
.
The
people
well
weighing
and
performing
these
things
,
I
suppose
would
have
no
cause
to
fear
,
though
the
Parlament
,
abolishing
that
name
,
as
originally
signifying
but
the
parlie
of
our
Lords
and
Commons
with
thir
Norman
king
when
he
pleasd
to
call
them
,
should
,
with
certain
limitations
of
thir
power
,
sit
perpetual
,
if
thir
ends
be
faithfull
and
for
a
free
Commonwealth
,
under
the
name
of
a
Grand
or
General
Councel
.
Till
this
be
don
,
I
am
in
doubt
whether
our
State
will
be
ever
certainly
and
throughly
setl'd
;
never
likely
till
then
to
see
an
end
of
our
troubles
and
continual
changes
or
at
least
never
the
true
settlement
and
assurance
of
our
libertie
.
The
Grand
Councel
being
thus
firmly
constituted
to
perpetuitie
,
and
still
,
upon
the
death
or
default
of
any
member
,
suppli'd
and
kept
in
full
number
,
ther
can
be
no
cause
alleag'd
why
peace
,
justice
,
plentifull
trade
and
all
prosperitie
should
not
thereupon
ensue
throughout
the
whole
land
;
with
as
much
assurance
as
can
be
of
human
things
,
that
they
shall
so
continue
(
if
God
favour
us
,
and
our
wilfull
sins
provoke
him
not
)
even
to
the
coming
of
our
true
and
rightfull
and
only
to
be
expected
King
,
only
worthie
as
he
is
our
only
Saviour
,
the
Messiah
,
the
Christ
,
the
only
heir
of
his
eternal
father
,
the
only
by
him
anointed
and
ordaind
since
the
work
of
our
redemption
finishd
,
Vniversal
Lord
of
all
mankinde
.
The
way
propounded
is
plane
,
easie
and
open
before
us
;
without
intricacies
,
without
the
introducement
of
new
or
obsolete
forms
,
or
terms
,
or
exotic
models
;
idea's
that
would
effect
nothing
,
but
with
a
number
of
new
injunctions
to
manacle
the
native
liberty
of
mankinde
;
turning
all
vertue
into
prescription
,
servitude
,
and
necessitie
,
to
the
great
impairing
and
frustrating
of
Christian
libertie
:
I
say
again
,
this
way
lies
free
and
smooth
before
us
;
is
not
tangl'd
with
inconveniencies
;
invents
no
new
incumbrances
;
requires
no
perilous
,
no
injurious
alteration
or
circumscription
of
mens
lands
and
proprieties
;
secure
,
that
in
this
Commonwealth
,
temporal
and
spiritual
lords
remov'd
,
no
man
or
number
of
men
can
attain
to
such
wealth
or
vast
possession
,
as
will
need
the
hedge
of
an
Agrarian
law
(
never
succesful
,
but
the
cause
rather
of
sedition
,
save
only
where
it
began
seasonably
with
first
possession
)
to
confine
them
from
endangering
our
public
libertie
;
to
conclude
,
it
can
have
no
considerable
objection
made
against
it
,
that
it
is
not
practicable
:
least
it
be
said
hereafter
,
that
we
gave
up
our
libertie
for
want
of
a
readie
way
or
distinct
form
propos'd
of
a
free
Commonwealth
.
And
this
facilitie
we
shall
have
above
our
next
neighbouring
Commonwealth
(
if
we
can
keep
us
from
the
fond
conceit
of
somthing
like
a
duke
of
Venice
,
put
lately
into
many
mens
heads
,
by
som
one
or
other
sutly
driving
on
under
that
notion
his
own
ambitious
ends
to
lurch
a
crown
)
that
our
liberty
shall
not
be
hamperd
or
hoverd
over
by
any
ingagement
to
such
a
potent
familie
as
the
house
of
Nassaw
of
whom
to
stand
in
perpetual
doubt
and
suspicion
,
but
we
shall
live
the
cleerest
and
absolutest
free
nation
in
the
world
.
On
the
contrarie
,
if
ther
be
a
king
,
which
the
inconsiderate
multitude
are
now
so
madd
upon
,
mark
how
far
short
we
are
like
to
com
of
all
those
happinesses
,
which
in
a
free
state
we
shall
immediatly
be
possessd
of
.
First
,
the
Grand
Councel
,
which
,
as
I
shewd
before
,
should
sit
perpetually
(
unless
thir
leisure
give
them
now
and
then
som
intermissions
or
vacations
,
easilie
manageable
by
the
Councel
of
State
left
sitting
)
shall
be
call'd
,
by
the
kings
good
will
and
utmost
endeavor
,
as
seldom
as
may
be
.
For
it
is
only
the
king's
right
,
he
will
say
,
to
call
a
parlament
;
and
this
he
will
do
most
commonly
about
his
own
affairs
rather
then
the
kingdom's
,
as
will
appeer
planely
so
soon
as
they
are
call'd
.
For
what
will
thir
business
then
be
and
the
chief
expence
of
thir
time
,
but
an
endless
tugging
between
petition
of
right
and
and
royal
prerogative
,
especially
about
the
negative
voice
,
militia
,
or
subsidies
,
demanded
and
oft
times
extorted
without
reasonable
cause
appeering
to
the
Commons
,
who
are
the
only
true
representatives
of
the
people
,
and
thir
libertie
,
but
will
be
then
mingl'd
with
a
court-faction
;
besides
which
within
thir
own
walls
,
the
sincere
part
of
them
who
stand
faithfull
to
the
people
,
will
again
have
to
deal
with
two
troublesom
counter-working
adversaries
from
without
,
meer
creatures
of
the
king
,
spiritual
,
and
the
greater
part
,
as
is
likeliest
,
of
temporal
lords
,
nothing
concernd
with
the
peoples
libertie
.
If
these
prevail
not
in
what
they
please
,
though
never
so
much
against
the
peoples
interest
,
the
Parlament
shall
be
soon
dissolvd
,
or
sit
and
do
nothing
;
not
sufferd
to
remedie
the
least
greevance
,
or
enact
aught
advantageous
to
the
people
.
Next
,
the
Councel
of
State
shall
not
be
chosen
by
the
Parlament
,
but
by
the
king
,
still
his
own
creatures
,
courtiers
and
favorites
;
who
will
be
sure
in
all
thir
counsels
to
set
thir
maister's
grandure
and
absolute
power
,
in
what
they
are
able
,
far
above
the
peoples
libertie
.
I
denie
not
but
that
ther
may
be
such
a
king
,
who
may
regard
the
common
good
before
his
own
,
may
have
no
vitious
favorite
,
may
hearken
only
to
the
wisest
and
incorruptest
of
his
Parlament
:
but
this
rarely
happens
in
a
monarchie
not
elective
;
and
it
behoves
not
a
wise
nation
to
committ
the
summ
of
thir
welbeing
,
the
whole
state
of
thir
safetie
to
fortune
.
What
need
they
;
and
how
absurd
would
it
be
,
when
as
they
themselves
to
whom
his
chief
vertue
will
be
but
to
hearken
,
may
with
much
better
management
and
dispatch
,
with
much
more
commendation
of
thir
own
worth
and
magnanimitie
govern
without
a
maister
.
Can
the
folly
be
paralleld
,
to
adore
and
be
the
slaves
of
a
single
person
for
doing
that
which
it
is
ten
thousand
to
one
whether
he
can
or
will
do
,
and
we
without
him
might
do
more
easily
,
more
effectually
,
more
laudably
our selves
?
Shall
we
never
grow
old
anough
to
be
wise
to
make
seasonable
use
of
gravest
autorities
,
experiences
,
examples
?
Is
it
such
an
unspeakable
joy
to
serve
,
such
felicitie
to
wear
a
yoke
?
to
clink
our
shackles
,
lockt
on
by
pretended
law
of
subjection
more
intolerable
and
hopeless
to
be
ever
shaken
off
,
then
those
which
are
knockt
on
by
illegal
injurie
and
violence
?
Aristotle
,
our
chief
instructer
in
the
Universities
,
least
this
doctrine
be
thought
Sectarian
,
as
the
royalist
would
have
it
thought
,
tels
us
in
the
third
of
his
Politics
,
that
certain
men
at
first
,
for
the
matchless
excellence
of
thir
vertue
above
others
,
or
som
great
public
benifit
,
were
created
kings
by
the
people
;
in
small
cities
and
territories
,
and
in
the
scarcitie
of
others
to
be
found
like
them
:
but
when
they
abus'd
thir
power
and
governments
grew
larger
,
and
the
number
of
prudent
men
increasd
,
that
then
the
people
soon
deposing
thir
tyrants
,
betook
them
,
in
all
civilest
places
,
to
the
form
of
a
free
Commonwealth
.
And
why
should
we
thus
disparage
and
prejudicate
our
own
nation
,
as
to
fear
a
scarcitie
of
able
and
worthie
men
united
in
counsel
to
govern
us
,
if
we
will
but
use
diligence
and
impartiality
to
finde
them
out
and
chuse
them
,
rather
yoking
our selves
to
a
single
person
,
the
natural
adversarie
and
oppressor
of
libertie
,
though
good
,
yet
far
easier
corruptible
by
the
excess
of
his
singular
power
and
exaltation
,
or
at
best
,
not
comparably
sufficient
to
bear
the
weight
of
government
,
nor
equally
dispos'd
to
make
us
happie
in
the
enjoyment
of
our
libertie
under
him
.
But
admitt
,
that
monarchie
of
it self
may
be
convenient
to
som
nations
;
yet
to
us
who
have
thrown
it
out
,
receivd
back
again
,
it
cannot
but
prove
pernicious
.
For
kings
to
com
,
never
forgetting
thir
former
ejection
,
will
be
sure
to
fortifie
and
arm
themselves
sufficiently
for
the
future
against
all
such
attempts
hereafter
from
the
people
:
who
shall
be
then
so
narrowly
watchd
and
kep
so
low
,
that
though
they
would
never
so
fain
and
at
the
same
rate
of
thir
blood
and
treasure
,
they
never
shall
be
able
to
regain
what
they
now
have
purchasd
and
may
enjoy
,
or
to
free
themselves
from
any
yoke
impos'd
upon
them
:
nor
will
they
dare
to
go
about
it
;
utterly
disheartn'd
for
the
future
,
if
these
thir
highest
attempts
prove
unsuccesfull
;
which
will
be
the
triumph
of
all
tyrants
heerafter
over
any
people
that
shall
resist
oppression
;
and
thir
song
will
then
be
,
to
others
,
how
sped
the
rebellious
English
?
to
our
posteritie
,
how
sped
the
rebells
your
fathers
?
This
is
not
my
conjecture
,
but
drawn
from
God's
known
denouncement
against
the
gentilizing
Israelites
;
who
though
they
were
governd
in
a
Commouwealth
of
God's
own
ordaining
,
he
only
thir
king
,
they
his
peculiar
people
,
yet
affecting
rather
to
resemble
heathen
,
but
pretending
the
misgovernment
of
Samuel's
sons
,
no
more
a
reason
to
dislike
thir
Common-wealth
,
then
the
violence
of
Eli's
sons
was
imputable
to
that
priesthood
or
religion
,
clamourd
for
a
king
.
They
had
thir
longing
;
but
with
this
testimonie
of
God's
wrath
;
ye
shall
cry
out
in
that
day
because
of
your
king
whom
ye
shall
have
chosen
,
and
the
Lord
will
not
hear
you
in
that
day
.
Us
if
he
shall
hear
now
,
how
much
less
will
he
hear
when
we
cry
heerafter
,
who
once
deliverd
by
him
from
a
king
,
and
not
without
wondrous
acts
of
his
providence
,
insensible
and
unworthie
of
those
high
m●…ies
,
are
returning
precipitantly
,
if
he
withold
us
not
,
back
to
the
captivitie
from
whence
he
freed
us
.
Yet
neither
shall
we
obtain
or
buy
at
an
easie
rate
this
new
guilded
yoke
which
thus
transports
us
:
a
new
royal-revenue
must
be
found
,
a
new
episcopal
;
for
those
are
individual
:
both
which
being
wholy
dissipated
or
bought
by
privat
persons
or
assign'd
for
service
don
,
and
especially
to
the
Armie
,
cannot
be
recoverd
without
a
general
detriment
and
confusion
to
mens
estates
,
or
a
heavie
imposition
on
all
mens
purses
;
benifit
to
none
,
but
to
the
worst
and
ignoblest
sort
of
men
,
whose
hope
is
to
be
either
the
ministers
of
court
riot
and
excess
,
or
the
gainers
by
it
:
But
not
to
speak
more
of
losses
and
extraordinarie
levies
on
our
estates
,
what
will
then
be
the
revenges
and
offences
rememberd
and
returnd
,
not
only
by
the
chief
person
,
but
by
all
his
adherents
;
accounts
and
reparations
that
will
be
requir'd
,
suites
,
incitements
,
inquities
,
discoveries
,
complaints
,
informations
,
who
knows
against
whom
or
how
many
,
though
perhaps
neuters
,
if
not
to
utmost
infliction
,
yet
to
imprisonment
,
fines
,
banishment
,
or
molestation
;
if
not
these
,
yet
disfavor
,
discountnance
,
disregard
and
contempt
on
all
but
the
known
royalist
or
whom
he
favors
,
will
be
plenteous
:
nor
let
the
new
royaliz'd
presbyterians
perswade
themselves
that
thir
old
doings
,
though
now
recanted
,
will
be
forgotten
;
what
ever
conditions
be
contriv'd
or
trusted
on
.
Will
they
not
beleeve
this
;
nor
remember
the
pacification
,
how
it
was
kept
to
the
Scots
;
how
other
solemn
promises
many
a
time
to
us
?
Let
them
but
now
read
the
diabolical
fore-running
libells
,
the
faces
,
the
gestures
that
now
appeer
foremost
and
briskest
in
all
public
places
;
as
the
harbingers
of
those
that
are
in
expectation
to
raign
over
us
;
let
them
but
hear
the
insolencies
,
the
menaces
,
the
insultings
of
our
newly
animated
common
enemies
crept
lately
out
of
thir
holes
,
thir
hell
,
I
might
say
,
by
the
language
of
thir
infernal
pamphlets
,
the
spue
of
every
drunkard
,
every
ribald
;
nameless
,
yet
not
for
want
of
licence
,
but
for
very
shame
of
thir
own
vile
persons
,
not
daring
to
name
themselves
,
while
they
traduce
others
by
name
;
and
give
us
to
foresee
that
they
intend
to
second
thir
wicked
words
,
if
ever
they
have
power
,
with
more
wicked
deeds
.
Let
our
zealous
backsliders
forethink
now
with
themselves
,
show
thir
necks
yok'd
with
these
tigers
of
Bacchus
,
these
new
fanatics
of
not
the
preaching
but
the
sweating-tub
,
inspir'd
with
nothing
holier
then
the
Venereal
pox
,
can
draw
one
way
under
monarchie
to
the
establishing
of
church
discipline
with
these
new-disgorg'd
atheismes
:
yet
shall
they
not
have
the
honor
to
yoke
with
these
,
but
shall
be
yok'd
under
them
;
these
shall
plow
on
their
backs
.
And
do
they
among
them
who
are
so
forward
to
bring
in
the
single
person
,
think
to
be
by
him
trusted
or
long
regarded
?
So
trusted
they
shall
be
and
so
regarded
,
as
by
kings
are
wont
reconcil'd
enemies
;
neglected
and
soon
after
discarded
,
if
not
prosecuted
for
old
traytors
;
the
first
inciters
,
beginners
,
and
more
then
to
the
third
part
actors
of
all
that
followd
;
it
will
be
found
also
,
that
there
must
be
then
as
necessarily
as
now
(
for
the
contrarie
part
will
be
still
feard
)
a
standing
armie
;
which
for
certain
shall
not
be
this
,
but
of
the
fiercest
Cavaliers
,
of
no
less
expence
,
and
perhaps
again
under
Rupert
:
but
let
this
armie
be
sure
they
shall
be
soon
disbanded
,
and
likeliest
without
a●rear
or
pay
;
and
being
disbanded
,
not
be
sure
but
they
may
as
soon
be
questiond
for
being
in
arms
against
thir
king
:
the
same
let
them
fear
,
who
have
contributed
monie
;
which
will
amount
to
no
small
number
that
must
then
take
thir
turn
to
be
made
delinquents
and
compounders
.
They
who
past
reason
and
recoverie
are
devoted
to
kingship
,
perhaps
will
answer
,
that
a
greater
part
by
far
of
the
Nation
will
have
it
so
;
the
rest
therefor
must
yield
.
Not
so
much
to
convince
these
,
which
I
little
hope
,
as
to
confirm
them
who
yield
not
,
I
reply
;
that
this
greatest
part
have
both
in
reason
and
the
trial
of
just
battel
,
lost
the
right
of
their
election
what
the
government
shall
be
:
of
them
who
have
not
lost
that
right
,
whether
they
for
kingship
be
the
greater
number
,
who
can
certainly
determin
?
Suppose
they
be
;
yet
of
freedom
they
partake
all
alike
,
one
main
end
of
government
:
which
if
the
greater
part
value
,
not
,
but
will
degeneratly
forgoe
,
is
it
just
or
reasonable
,
that
most
voices
against
the
the
main
end
of
government
should
enslave
the
less
number
that
would
be
free
?
More
just
it
is
doubtless
,
if
it
com
to
force
,
that
a
less
number
compell
a
greater
to
retain
,
which
can
be
no
wrong
to
them
,
thir
libertie
,
then
that
a
greater
number
for
the
pleasure
of
thir
baseness
,
compell
a
less
most
injuriously
to
be
thir
fellow
slaves
.
They
who
seek
nothing
but
thir
own
just
libertie
,
have
alwaies
right
to
winn
it
and
to
keep
it
,
when
ever
they
have
power
,
be
the
voices
never
so
numerous
that
oppose
it
.
And
how
much
we
above
others
are
concernd
to
defend
it
from
kingship
,
and
from
them
who
in
pursuance
therof
so
perniciously
would
betray
us
and
themselves
to
most
certain
miserie
and
thraldom
,
will
be
needless
to
repeat
.
Having
thus
far
shewn
with
what
ease
we
may
now
obtain
a
free
Commonwealth
,
and
by
it
with
as
much
ease
all
the
freedom
,
peace
,
justice
,
plentie
that
we
can
desire
,
on
the
other
side
the
difficulties
,
troubles
,
uncertainties
,
nay
rather
impossibilities
to
enjoy
these
things
constantly
under
a
monarch
,
I
will
now
proceed
to
shew
more
particularly
wherin
our
freedom
and
flourishing
condition
will
be
more
ample
and
secure
to
us
under
a
free
Commonwealth
then
under
kingship
.
The
whole
freedom
of
man
consists
either
in
spiritual
or
civil
libertie
.
As
for
spiritual
,
who
can
be
at
rest
,
who
can
enjoy
any
thing
in
this
world
with
contentment
,
who
hath
not
libertie
to
serve
God
and
to
save
his
own
soul
,
according
to
the
best
light
which
God
hath
planted
in
him
to
that
purpose
,
by
the
reading
of
his
reveal'd
will
and
the
guidance
of
his
holy
spirit
?
That
this
is
best
pleasing
to
God
,
and
that
the
whole
Protestant
Church
allows
no
supream
judge
or
rule
in
matters
of
religion
,
but
the
scriptures
,
and
these
to
be
interpreted
by
the
the
scriptures
themselves
,
which
necessarily
inferrs
liberty
of
conscience
,
I
have
heretofore
prov'd
at
large
in
another
treatise
,
and
might
,
yet
furder
by
the
public
declarations
,
confessions
and
admonitions
of
whole
churches
and
states
,
obvious
in
all
historie
since
the
Reformation
.
This
liberty
of
conscience
which
above
all
other
things
ought
to
be
to
all
men
dearest
and
most
precious
,
no
government
more
inclinable
not
to
favor
only
but
to
protect
,
then
a
free
Common-wealth
;
as
being
most
magnanimous
,
most
fearless
and
confident
of
its
own
fair
proceedings
.
Wheras
kingship
,
though
looking
big
,
yet
indeed
most
pusillanimous
,
full
of
fears
,
full
of
jealousies
,
startl'd
at
every
ombrage
,
as
it
hath
bin
observd
of
old
to
have
ever
suspected
most
and
mistrusted
them
who
were
in
most
esteem
for
vertue
and
generositie
of
minde
,
so
it
is
now
known
to
have
most
in
doubt
and
suspicion
them
who
are
most
reputed
to
be
religious
.
Queen
Elizabeth
though
her self
accounted
so
good
a
Protestant
,
so
moderate
,
so
confident
of
her
Subjects
love
would
never
give
way
so
much
as
to
Presbyterian
rereformation
in
this
land
,
though
once
and
again
besought
,
as
Camden
relates
,
but
imprisond
and
persecuted
the
very
proposers
therof
;
alleaging
it
as
her
minde
&
maxim
unalterable
,
that
such
reformation
would
diminish
regal
autoritie
.
What
liberty
of
conscience
can
we
then
expect
of
others
,
far
wors
principl'd
from
the
cradle
,
traind
up
and
governd
by
Popish
and
Spanish
counsels
,
and
on
such
depending
hitherto
for
subsistence
?
Especially
what
can
this
last
Parlament
expect
,
who
having
reviv'd
lately
and
publishd
the
covnant
,
have
reingag'd
themselves
,
never
to
readmitt
Episcopacie
:
which
no
son
of
Charls
returning
,
but
will
most
certainly
bring
back
with
him
,
if
he
regard
the
last
and
strictest
charge
of
his
father
,
to
persevere
in
not
the
doctrin
only
,
but
government
of
the
church
of
England
;
not
to
neglect
the
speedie
and
effectual
suppressing
of
errors
and
schisms
;
among
which
he
accounted
Presbyterie
one
of
the
chief
:
or
if
notwithstanding
that
charge
of
his
father
,
he
submitt
to
the
covnant
,
how
will
he
keep
faith
to
us
with
disobedience
to
him
;
or
regard
that
faith
given
,
which
must
be
founded
on
the
breach
of
that
last
and
solemnest
paternal
charge
,
and
the
reluctance
,
I
may
say
the
antipathie
which
is
in
all
kings
against
Presbyterian
and
Independent
discipline
?
for
they
hear
the
gospel
speaking
much
of
libertie
;
a
word
which
monarchie
and
her
bishops
both
fear
and
hate
,
but
a
free
Commonwealth
both
favors
and
promotes
;
and
not
the
word
only
,
but
the
thing
it self
.
But
let
our
governors
beware
in
time
▪
least
thir
hard
measure
to
libertie
of
conscience
be
found
the
rock
wheron
they
ship
wrack
themselves
as
others
have
now
don
before
them
in
the
cours
wherin
God
was
directing
thir
stearage
to
a
free
Commonwealth
,
and
the
abandoning
of
all
those
whom
they
call
sectaries
,
for
the
detected
falshood
and
ambition
of
som
,
be
a
wilfull
rejection
of
thir
own
chief
strength
and
interest
in
the
freedom
of
all
Protestant
religion
,
under
what
abusive
name
soever
calumniated
.
The
other
part
of
our
freedom
consists
in
the
civil
rights
and
advancements
of
every
person
according
to
his
merit
:
the
enjoyment
of
those
never
more
certain
,
and
the
access
to
these
never
more
open
,
then
in
a
free
Commonwealth
.
Both
which
in
my
opinion
may
be
best
and
soonest
obtaind
,
if
every
countie
in
the
land
were
made
a
kinde
of
subordinate
Commonaltie
or
Common-wealth
,
and
one
chief
town
or
more
,
according
as
the
shire
is
in
circuit
,
made
cities
,
if
they
be
not
so
call'd
alreadie
;
where
the
nobilitie
and
chief
gentry
from
a
proportionable
compas
of
territorie
annexd
to
each
citie
,
may
build
,
houses
or
palaces
,
befitting
thir
qualitie
,
may
bear
part
in
the
government
,
make
thir
own
judicial
laws
,
or
use
these
that
are
,
and
execute
them
by
thir
own
elected
judicatures
and
judges
without
appeal
,
in
all
things
of
civil
government
between
man
and
man
.
so
they
shall
have
justice
in
thir
own
hands
,
law
executed
fully
and
finally
in
thir
own
counties
and
precincts
,
long
wishd
,
and
spoken
of
,
but
never
yet
obtaind
;
they
shall
have
none
then
to
blame
but
themselves
,
if
it
be
not
well
administerd
;
and
fewer
laws
to
expect
or
fear
from
the
supreme
autoritie
;
or
to
those
that
shall
be
made
,
of
any
great
concernment
to
public
libertie
,
they
may
without
much
trouble
in
these
commonalties
or
in
more
general
assemblies
call'd
to
thir
cities
from
the
whole
territorie
on
such
occasion
,
declare
and
publish
thir
assent
or
dissent
by
deputies
within
a
time
limited
sent
to
the
Grand
Councel
:
yet
so
as
this
thir
judgment
declar'd
shal
submitt
to
the
greater
number
of
other
counties
or
commonalties
,
and
not
avail
them
to
any
exemption
of
themselves
,
or
refusal
of
agreement
with
the
rest
,
as
it
may
in
any
of
the
United
Provinces
,
being
sovran
within
it self
,
oft
times
to
the
great
disadvantage
of
that
union
.
In
these
imploiments
they
may
much
better
then
they
do
now
,
exercise
and
fit
themselves
,
till
thir
lot
fall
to
be
chosen
into
the
Grand
Councel
,
according
as
thir
worth
and
merit
shall
be
taken
notice
of
by
the
people
.
As
for
controversies
that
shall
happen
between
men
of
several
counties
,
they
may
repair
,
as
they
do
now
,
to
the
capital
citie
,
or
any
other
more
commodious
,
indifferent
place
and
equal
judges
.
And
this
I
finde
to
have
bin
practisd
in
the
old
Athenian
Commonwealth
,
reputed
the
first
and
ancientest
place
of
civilitie
in
all
Greece
;
that
they
had
in
thir
several
cities
,
a
peculiar
;
in
Athens
,
a
common
government
;
and
thir
right
,
as
it
befell
them
,
to
the
administration
of
both
.
They
should
have
heer
also
schools
and
academies
at
thir
own
choice
,
wherin
thir
children
may
be
bred
up
in
thir
own
sight
to
all
learning
and
noble
education
not
in
grammar
only
,
but
in
all
liberal
ars
and
exercises
.
This
would
soon
spread
much
more
knowledge
and
civilitie
,
yea
religion
through
all
parts
of
the
land
,
by
communicating
the
natural
heat
of
government
and
culture
more
distributively
to
all
extreme
parts
,
which
now
lie
numm
and
neglected
,
would
soon
make
the
whole
nation
more
industrious
,
more
ingenuous
at
home
,
more
potent
,
more
honorable
abroad
.
To
this
a
free
Commonwealth
will
easily
assent
;
(
nay
the
Parlament
hath
had
alreadie
som
such
thing
in
designe
)
for
of
all
governments
〈◊〉
Commonwealth
aims
most
to
make
the
people
flourishing
,
vertuous
,
noble
and
high
spirited
.
Monarchs
will
never
permitt
:
whose
aim
is
to
make
the
people
,
wealthie
indeed
perhaps
and
well
fleec't
,
for
thir
own
she●ing
and
the
supplie
of
regal
prodigalitie
;
but
otherwise
softest
,
basest
,
vitiousest
,
servilest
,
easiest
to
be
kept
under
;
and
not
only
in
fleece
,
●ut
in
minde
also
sheepishest
;
and
will
have
all
the
benches
of
judicature
annexd
to
the
throne
,
as
a
gift
of
royal
grace
that
we
have
justice
don
us
;
when
as
nothing
can
be
more
essential
to
the
freedom
of
a
people
,
then
to
have
the
administration
of
justice
and
all
public
ornaments
in
thir
own
election
and
within
thir
own
bounds
,
without
long
travelling
or
depending
on
remote
places
to
obtain
thir
right
or
any
civil
accomplishment
;
so
it
be
not
supreme
,
but
subordinate
to
the
general
power
and
union
of
the
whole
Republic
.
In
which
happy
firmness
as
in
the
particular
above
mentiond
,
we
shall
also
far
exce●…
the
United
Provinces
,
by
having
,
not
as
they
(
to
the
retarding
and
distracting
oft
times
of
thir
counsels
or
urgentest
occasions
)
many
Sovranties
united
in
one
Commonwealth
,
but
many
Commonwealths
under
one
united
and
entrusted
Sovrantie
.
And
when
we
have
our
forces
by
sea
and
land
,
either
of
a
faithful
Armie
or
a
setl'd
Militia
,
in
our
own
hands
to
the
firm
establishing
of
a
free
Commonwealth
,
publick
accounts
under
our
own
inspection
,
general
laws
and
taxes
with
thir
causes
in
our
own
domestic
suffrages
,
judicial
laws
,
offices
and
ornaments
at
home
in
our
own
ordering
and
administration
,
all
distinction
of
lords
and
commoners
,
that
may
any
way
divide
or
sever
the
publick
interest
,
remov'd
,
what
can
a
perpetual
senat
have
then
wherin
to
grow
corrupt
,
wherin
to
encroach
upon
us
or
usurp
;
or
if
they
do
,
wherin
to
be
formidable
?
Yet
if
all
this
avail
not
to
remove
the
fear
or
envie
of
a
perpetual
sitting
,
it
may
be
easilie
provided
,
to
change
a
third
part
of
them
yearly
or
every
two
or
three
years
,
as
was
above
mentiond
;
or
that
it
be
at
those
times
in
the
peoples
choice
,
whether
they
will
change
them
,
or
renew
thir
power
,
as
they
shall
finde
cause
.
I
have
no
more
to
say
at
present
:
few
words
will
save
us
,
well
considerd
;
few
and
easie
things
,
now
seasonably
don
.
But
if
the
people
be
so
affected
,
as
to
prostitute
religion
and
libertie
to
the
vain
and
groundless
apprehension
,
that
nothing
but
kingship
can
restore
trade
,
not
remembring
the
frequent
plagues
and
pestilences
that
then
wasted
this
citie
,
such
as
through
God's
mercie
we
never
have
felt
since
,
and
that
trade
flourishes
no where
more
then
in
the
free
Commonwealths
of
Italie
,
Germanie
,
and
the
Low-Countries
before
thir
eyes
at
this
day
,
yet
if
trade
be
grown
so
craving
and
importunate
through
the
profuse
living
of
tradesmen
,
that
nothing
can
support
it
,
but
the
luxurious
expences
of
a
nation
upon
trifles
or
superfluities
,
so
as
if
the
people
generally
should
betake
themselves
to
frugalitie
,
it
might
prove
a
dangerous
matter
,
least
tradesmen
should
mutinie
for
want
of
trading
,
and
that
therefor
we
must
forgoe
&
set
to
sale
religion
,
libertie
,
honor
,
safetie
,
all
concernments
Divine
or
human
to
keep
up
trading
,
if
lastly
,
after
all
this
light
among
us
,
the
same
reason
shall
pass
for
current
to
put
our
necks
again
under
kingship
,
as
was
made
use
of
by
the
Jews
to
returne
back
to
Egypt
and
to
the
worship
of
thir
idol
queen
,
because
they
falsly
imagind
that
they
then
livd
in
more
plentie
and
prosperitie
,
our
condition
is
not
sound
but
rotten
,
both
in
religion
and
all
civil
prudence
;
and
will
bring
us
soon
,
the
way
we
are
marching
,
to
those
calamities
which
attend
alwaies
and
unavoidably
on
luxurie
,
all
national
judgments
under
forein
or
domestic
slaverie
:
so
far
we
shall
be
from
mending
our
condition
by
monarchizing
our
government
,
whatever
new
conceit
now
possesses
us
.
However
with
all
hazard
I
have
ventur'd
what
I
thought
my
duty
to
speak
in
season
,
and
to
forewarne
my
countrey
in
time
:
wherin
I
doubt
not
but
ther
be
many
wise
men
in
all
places
and
degrees
,
but
am
sorrie
the
effects
of
wisdom
are
so
little
seen
among
us
.
Many
circumstances
and
particulars
I
could
have
added
in
those
things
wherof
I
have
spoken
;
but
a
few
main
matters
now
put
speedily
in
execution
,
will
suffice
to
recover
us
,
and
set
all
right
:
and
ther
will
want
at
no
time
who
are
good
at
circumstances
;
but
men
who
set
thir
mindes
on
main
matters
and
sufficiently
urge
them
,
in
these
most
difficult
times
I
finde
not
many
.
What
I
have
spoken
,
is
the
language
of
that
which
is
not
call'd
amiss
the
good
Old
Cause
:
if
it
seem
strange
to
any
,
it
will
not
seem
more
strange
,
I
hope
,
then
convincing
to
backsliders
.
Thus
much
I
should
perhaps
have
said
though
I
were
sure
I
should
have
spoken
only
to
trees
and
stones
;
and
had
none
to
cry
to
,
but
with
the
Prophet
,
O
earth
,
earth
,
earth
!
to
tell
the
very
soil
it self
,
what
her
perverse
inhabitants
are
deaf
to
.
Nay
though
what
I
have
spoke
,
should
happ'n
(
which
Thou
suffer
not
,
who
didst
create
mankinde
free
;
nor
Thou
next
,
who
didst
redeem
us
from
being
servants
of
men
!
)
to
be
the
last
words
of
our
expiring
libertie
.
But
I
trust
I
shall
have
spoken
perswasion
to
abundance
of
sensible
and
ingenuous
men
:
to
som
perhaps
whom
God
may
raise
of
these
stones
to
become
children
of
reviving
libertie
;
and
may
reclaim
,
though
they
seem
now
chusing
them
a
captain
back
for
Egypt
,
to
bethink
themselves
a
little
and
consider
whether
they
are
rushing
;
to
exhort
this
torrent
also
of
the
people
,
not
to
be
so
impetuos
,
but
to
keep
thir
due
channell
;
and
at
length
recovering
and
uniting
thir
better
resolutions
,
now
that
they
see
alreadie
how
open
and
unbounded
the
insolence
and
rage
is
of
our
common
enemies
,
to
stay
these
ruinous
proceedings
;
justly
and
timely
fearing
to
what
a
precipice
of
destruction
the
deluge
of
this
epidemic
madness
would
hurrie
us
through
the
general
defection
of
a
misguided
and
abus'd
multitude
.
The
end
.