Observations and advices oeconomical
North, Dudley North, Baron, 1602-1677.
1669
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Observations and advices oeconomical
North, Dudley North, Baron, 1602-1677.
[14], 132, [9] p.
Printed by T.R. for John Martyn ...,
London :
1669.
"Inselix nimis cujus domicilio ignavia adhaeret."
A treatise dealing with household and family affairs.
Attributed to Dudley North, Lord North. Cf. BLC
Reproduction of original in Huntington Library.
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OBSERVATIONS
AND
ADVICES
OECONOMICAL
.
Infelix
nimis
cujus
domicilio
ignavia
adhaeret
.
LUKE
8.
16.
No
man
when
he
hath
lighted
a
Candle
covereth
it
with
a
Vessel
,
&c.
LONDON
,
Printed
by
T.
R.
for
John
Martyn
Printer
to
the
Royal
Society
,
at
the
sign
of
the
Bell
without
Temple-Bar
.
1669.
The
Preface
.
A
Short
Work
needs
little
Preface
,
and
this
Work
is
both
short
and
slender
,
so
as
it
may
be
easie
to
make
a
Gate
large
enough
for
the
City
it self
to
run
out
at
.
A
Iourney
cannot
be
too
little
,
nor
the
Way
too
plain
,
for
a
person
of
Body
tyred
,
and
Spirits
spent
by
past
travell
;
and
I
may
well
professe
my
self
such
,
having
in
my
dayes
galopped
so
many
Post-stages
.
In
the
prime
of
my
youth
I
past
(
or
rather
lost
)
some
few
years
at
the
Vniversity
of
Cambridge
.
Then
I
came
to
have
a
tast
of
the
Court
,
but
my
Father
soon
called
me
from
thence
,
knowing
by
dear
experience
the
Air
of
that
place
to
be
such
,
as
few
elder
Brothers
can
long
breath
there
without
falling
into
a
Consumption
.
Afterwards
I
lived
with
my
Parents
at
their
London
habitation
,
and
having
no
employment
I
surfeited
of
Idlenesse
,
taking
my
pastime
with
some
of
the
most
corrupt
young
men
of
those
dayes
.
By
Gods
grace
I
quickly
found
this
unfit
for
continuance
,
and
therefore
I
prevailed
with
my
Father
to
send
me
beyond
Sea
to
travel
,
where
in
lesse
then
two
years
I
had
a
view
of
the
best
part
of
Italy
,
France
,
and
Spain
,
being
present
at
Madrid
and
Paris
,
when
the
several
Marriages
for
our
then
Prince
of
Wales
were
treated
on
in
those
Courts
,
and
so
I
became
a
partial
witnesse
of
the
artifices
,
and
uncertainty
of
such
Negotiations
.
From
thence
I
was
employed
as
a
Soldier
in
Holland
,
about
three
years
,
Commanding
a
Foot
Company
in
our
Sovereigns
Pay.
And
there
I
ran
hazard
again
of
being
lost
in
debauchery
,
and
especially
in
the
Vice-rampant
of
that
People
.
But
by
Gods
grace
I
came
home
scot-free
,
though
I
served
under
a
Scotch
Colonel
.
Then
I
became
a
Married
man
,
and
was
speedily
called
to
Publick
affairs
,
being
elected
to
four
successive
Parliaments
,
where
the
Service
and
approaches
were
excessive
chargeable
,
and
of
no
profit
as
to
my
particular
.
One
of
these
was
that
fatal
Parliament
which
set
the
whole
Kingdom
on
fire
,
seeking
to
enervate
or
unsinue
all
Government
,
and
that
it
might
the
better
be
effected
,
divers
of
us
their
Members
were
by
Club-law
forced
from
our
station
.
Yet
it
pleased
God
(
even
by
that
Parliament
)
when
we
were
re-admitted
)
to
put
all
again
in
such
a
way
,
as
the
old
Government
was
perfectly
restored
in
a
succeeding
Assembly
.
Then
I
made
my
full
retreat
into
the
Countrey
,
which
renewed
my
experience
in
businesses
relating
to
that
course
of
life
;
and
now
at
last
I
am
come
to
reside
at
the
chief
Mansion-house
of
our
Family
,
where
I
have
no
other
ambition
then
to
end
my
dayes
with
a
peaceable
and
pious
dissolution
;
So
much
of
my self
tyred
and
retired
,
which
I
may
well
be
,
since
the
World
can
scarcely
shew
me
any
thing
new
.
Now
a
word
or
two
about
my
approaches
to
this
little
Inventary
:
Being
overtaken
with
old
Age
,
and
by
divers
infirmities
rendred
unfit
for
action
,
I
entertain
my self
frequently
by
turning
over
old
Books
(
whereof
I
have
good
store
in
several
Languages
)
without
any
fixed
Study
,
and
among
them
I
lately
perused
one
,
consisting
of
certain
politick
and
prudential
Considerations
,
written
by
three
distinct
Italian
Authors
in
an
articular
way
,
and
as
I
was
reading
,
it
fell
into
my
thoughts
,
that
the
same
might
profitably
be
done
in
Oeconomicks
,
which
is
a
path
not
much
travelled
in
.
Thence
I
took
occasion
,
to
turn
my
meditations
that
way
,
and
having
spent
same
little
time
therein
,
I
put
my
materials
together
,
and
so
this
small
Work
received
being
,
without
any
further
trouble
by
way
of
Method
.
As
for
the
Subject
,
though
not
of
any
sublime
consideration
,
I
conceived
it
fitter
for
me
to
embrace
,
then
N●tes
in
Politick
Government
,
as
not
having
coversed
sufficiently
with
Sovereign
Princes
,
and
taking
it
to
be
a
high
presumption
for
private
persons
to
give
them
instructions
.
Yet
the
government
of
private
Families
may
be
considerable
even
with
Princes
,
because
their
Principalities
are
composed
of
Families
,
and
they
who
are
known
to
have
well
governed
their
private
fortunes
,
are
the
rather
judged
fit
for
Publick
Offices
.
Oeconomy
is
a
subject
,
that
entertained
the
Pen
of
Learned
Aristotle
himself
,
but
it
yieldeth
little
occasion
for
pleasant
conceits
or
curious
terms
,
wherefore
I
must
advise
all
persons
of
nimble
fancy
,
to
forbear
reading
,
least
it
become
a
kind
of
torture
to
them
;
happy
it
is
for
this
Discourse
,
that
it
came
into
the
World
so
seasonably
;
for
never
was
there
more
need
of
good
menagery
then
now
,
at
a
time
when
Revenues
of
the
Gentry
are
fallen
beyond
what
could
have
been
imagined
of
late
years
,
and
they
are
most
likely
to
continue
so
,
if
not
to
incur
a
farther
diminution
.
I
meddle
not
with
small
Families
,
which
are
concerned
in
the
mysteries
of
Agriculture
and
petty
Huswifery
,
matter
's
no
way
suitable
to
my
mind
or
experience
;
and
there
was
no
need
,
for
divers
persons
of
peculiar
knowledge
in
those
matters
have
written
of
them
.
But
it
may
be
demanded
,
why
I
,
having
been
so
great
a
straggler
,
do
undertake
to
give
Rules
in
Oeconomy
?
To
which
I
answer
,
That
at
times
I
have
been
a
House-keeper
a
great
part
of
my
dayes
,
and
more
especially
in
these
my
latter
years
,
at
which
time
Men
are
accustomed
to
take
matters
into
consideration
more
maturely
,
then
when
distracted
with
pleasures
of
youth
.
Indeed
my
nature
is
not
so
perverse
,
but
I
receive
great
contentment
in
being
beneficial
to
others
,
for
In
minimis
prodesse
juvat
,
better
do
a
little
good
,
then
none
at
all
.
Neither
am
I
so
ill
opinioned
of
this
my
Brains
production
,
as
to
think
it
altogether
uselesse
,
and
therefore
such
as
it
is
,
like
a
Knight
errant
,
it
shall
travel
about
to
seek
adventures
.
Perhaps
it
may
yield
assistance
somewhere
;
and
so
I
leave
it
to
its
fortune
.
I
expect
to
be
Censured
in
all
,
and
not
to
escape
in
this
Introduction
,
as
having
said
too
much
of
my Self
,
and
too
little
of
Oeconomy
our
Subject
:
But
my
Face
being
masked
,
the
blushes
cannot
appear
,
and
therefore
I
may
content
my self
to
be
a
patient
hearer
.
OBSERVATIONS
and
ADVICES
OECONOMICAL
.
I.
OUr
first
Observation
shal
be
touching
the
importance
of
Oeconomy
;
wherefore
let
us
bring
it
to
the
Balance
for
tryal
.
Though
a
Family
(
which
is
its
general
object
)
be
very
small
in
comparison
of
the
State
whereof
it
is
a
member
,
yet
is
it
not
like
an
Epicurean
atome
,
unexposed
to
sense
,
but
an
aggregation
capable
of
Government
,
and
the
good
government
is
of
such
Concernment
as
a
State
cannot
subsist
without
it
;
for
Agriculture
&
Manufactures
are
dependant
upon
families
,
and
a
Nation
can
neither
be
fed
nor
defended
without
these
,
since
publick
contributions
receive
their
life
from
them
.
There
were
very
evident
marks
of
Domestical
thrift
among
the
Roman
Senators
in
their
beginning
:
and
the
Noble
Venetians
now
subsist
in
their
greatness
by
it
.
True
it
is
,
that
States
having
obtained
much
riches
,
become
subject
to
extravagant
Expense
and
Luxury
;
but
these
excesses
grow
not
to
their
height
,
till
the
State
come
to
its
declination
,
as
it
was
with
the
Romans
and
Persians
.
And
now
having
made
our
approaches
,
let
us
give
a
Definition
of
Oeconomy
.
II.
Oeconomy
is
the
Art
of
well
governing
a
mans
private
house
and
fortunes
,
by
which
appears
,
that
there
is
no
necessary
Object
of
Oeconomy
,
save
an
Owner
with
his
house
and
possessions
,
but
it
is
seldom
exercised
without
Wife
and
Servants
.
And
Children
will
be
desired
for
Succession
sake
,
and
as
the
bond
or
tye
of
affection
between
man
and
wife
;
wherefore
we
shall
treat
of
all
these
,
and
in
the
first
place
of
a
Wife
,
whose
care
within
dores
is
of
greatest
importance
.
III.
It
is
an
antient
English
Proverb
,
That
if
a
man
will
thrive
,
he
must
ask
leave
of
his
Wife
;
and
thrift
is
a
matter
of
no
small
consideration
in
Oeconomy
.
If
therefore
choyce
be
made
of
a
Wife
,
let
him
use
as
well
his
Ear
as
his
Eye
,
that
is
,
let
him
rather
trust
to
his
discretion
according
to
what
he
hears
,
than
to
his
affection
kindled
by
sight
,
that
she
may
be
no
lesse
useful
in
the
day
than
agreeable
at
night
.
IV.
A
Jove
principium
.
Let
her
be
of
the
same
profession
in
Religion
with
her
Husband
;
for
between
them
that
agree
not
to
go
to
Church
together
,
there
can
hardly
be
consent
in
other
things
.
Neither
should
she
otherwise
be
of
too
different
inclination
and
affections
from
her
Husband
;
for
if
one
delight
in
Company
,
and
the
other
in
Privacy
,
they
must
live
together
with
as
little
convenience
,
as
in
the
Fable
the
Swallow
and
the
Lark
would
have
done
,
whereof
one
loved
Summer
and
the
other
Winter
.
Let
her
not
be
too
Young
,
for
unripe
fruit
yields
no
increase
.
Not
too
Old
,
for
fruit
past
its
maturity
tendeth
to
putrefaction
,
and
is
noysom
.
Not
too
rich
in
Revenue
(
especially
by
a
reserve
of
a
great
part
in
her
power
)
lest
she
become
too
imperious
and
upbraiding
,
as
giving
subsistence
to
her
Husband
.
Not
too
Fair
,
least
like
hony
she
draw
Wasps
to
his
House
.
And
not
too
Foul
,
for
that
is
not
onely
unpleasing
,
but
brings
shame
with
it
.
To
conclude
,
he
cannot
use
too
much
circumspection
,
being
to
give
her
an
irrevocable
Estate
for
life
in
his
Person
.
And
for
advancement
by
Marriage
,
let
him
consult
Martials
Epigram
:
Vxorem
quare
locupletem
ducere
nolim
Quaeritis
?
Vxori
nubere
nolo
meae
Inferior
matrona
suo
sit
quaeque
marito
,
Non
fuerint
aliter
foemina
virque
pares
.
Or
thus
Ask
you
why
Wealth
in
Marriage
I
not
crave
?
'T
is
that
my
Wife
the
Breeches
should
not
have
.
The
Wife
brings
less
in
Birth
,
and
Wealth
then
he
,
Or
else
the
Man
shall
not
her
equal
be
.
V.
A
Master
of
a
Family
being
already
Married
must
maturely
consider
the
disposition
of
his
Wife
.
If
she
be
defective
in
brain
,
or
naturally
given
to
Idlenesse
,
unfit
she
is
to
be
much
used
in
governing
the
Family
.
The
like
may
be
said
of
one
Laciviously
dispos'd
;
for
how
improper
to
be
trusted
in
businesse
is
one
,
who
deserveth
not
to
be
trusted
with
her self
?
And
yet
these
will
hardly
suffer
themselves
to
be
excluded
;
for
what
is
more
usual
,
than
a
desire
of
power
in
those
who
are
uncapable
of
managing
it
?
But
if
the
Wife
be
industrious
,
prudent
,
and
affectionate
to
her
Husband
(
as
some
such
there
are
)
no
confidence
can
be
too
,
much
for
her
;
for
she
is
such
a
blessing
as
may
sway
the
balance
against
very
many
(
not
onely
good
Servants
but
)
Children
.
VI.
Our
first
Mother
Eve
was
inflamed
with
a
desire
of
Knowledge
,
which
caused
her
fall
,
and
begot
our
mischief
;
but
her
Daughters
in
these
dayes
affect
nothing
so
much
as
the
enjoying
of
their
Will.
For
the
attaining
of
this
they
apply
themselves
to
several
wayes
,
according
to
their
different
constitutions
and
dispositions
.
The
best
of
them
are
so
happy
in
temper
and
abilities
,
as
they
are
able
in
a
modest
way
to
propose
to
their
Husbands
strength
of
Reason
for
their
chief
desires
,
and
these
ought
to
receive
full
satisfaction
,
unlesse
the
Husband
can
convince
them
with
stronger
reason
.
VII
.
Some
others
of
milder
temper
seek
to
have
their
Will
by
discontent
upon
refusal
,
expressing
it
by
Tears
,
and
pretended
indisposition
of
Body
;
and
these
find
many
times
an
indulgence
,
perhaps
too
often
.
Some
are
of
so
fiery
constitution
,
as
upon
denyal
they
are
ready
to
fly
in
their
Husbands
face
;
and
these
deserve
little
encouragement
.
In
this
case
the
Husbands
Patience
must
be
a
Narcotick
to
keep
him
from
being
too
quick
of
sense
,
and
so
the
fit
may
passe
over
without
Battail
,
and
good
use
may
be
made
of
her
passion
,
which
being
troublesom
but
in
few
cases
,
may
be
generally
usefull
in
obliging
Servants
strongly
to
their
duty
.
To
prevent
Contests
between
Man
and
Wife
,
a
great
Lord
of
the
late
times
had
a
pretty
way
.
He
would
often
professe
,
that
he
never
in
his
whole
life
denyed
any
thing
to
his
Lady
;
and
his
meaning
was
this
,
that
when
the
matter
proposed
by
her
could
not
be
conveniently
yielded
to
,
she
could
not
by
any
importunity
wrest
any
answer
from
him
.
VIII
.
But
those
are
of
the
worst
Condition
,
who
free
enough
from
the
passion
of
Anger
,
are
fully
bent
to
have
their
Will
in
all
things
.
And
as
Tiberius
the
Emperour
said
to
Agrippina
Widdow
to
Germanicus
,
Si
non
imperes
filiola
credis
tibi
injuriam
fieri
.
They
think
themselves
wronged
if
they
be
not
permitted
to
have
a
complete
Empire
.
These
are
harsh
and
perverse
enough
by
nature
,
but
they
strein
theirs
to
the
height
,
to
become
not
onely
crosse
,
but
insupportably
so
,
till
they
obtain
their
end
.
They
do
not
apply
themselves
to
storm
the
fort
,
but
by
siege
to
make
the
holding
of
it
incommodious
,
and
so
to
cause
a
rendry
to
them
for
want
of
conveniency
,
as
the
French
say
our
Englishmen
surrendred
Calais
for
lack
of
Mustard
.
The
Husband
who
yields
all
upon
these
terms
,
deserves
to
wear
the
Petticoat
,
having
renounced
the
prerogative
of
his
Sex
,
and
therfore
deserves
not
the
least
pitty
.
Some
Husband
would
use
the
Poet
's
harsh
Complement
,
and
say
,
Vade
uxor
foras
,
aut
moribus
utere
nostris
.
Or
thus
Abroad
good
Wife
,
and
there
new
dwelling
find
,
Or
act
at
home
,
as
I
declare
my
mind
.
IX
.
Progeny
gives
a
futurity
of
being
,
and
the
word
Posterity
may
be
fitly
understood
in
that
sense
;
for
the
Body
(
if
not
the
Soul
extraduce
)
of
Parents
hath
a
partial
continuance
by
the
Seed
,
though
not
perpetuity
.
Affection
therefore
to
Children
is
most
natural
,
and
the
care
of
them
is
most
strictly
required
of
Parents
,
even
in
Religion
it self
,
according
to
the
uniform
consent
of
all
Divines
.
In
their
Infancy
the
government
of
them
doth
belong
to
the
Mother
,
and
so
properly
,
as
the
Father
is
as
then
uncapable
of
it
.
The
Mothers
care
of
them
is
as
duly
theirs
,
as
is
naturally
the
Milk
of
her
Breasts
.
Unhappy
therefore
are
those
Children
whose
Mother
is
ravished
from
them
by
Death
during
that
time
,
she
being
so
obliged
to
a
careful
preservation
,
as
their
being
lost
by
negligence
is
a
kind
of
Murder
in
her
.
And
whereas
many
times
after
such
losse
of
a
true
Mother
,
a
second
marriage
brings
the
Name
and
not
the
Nature
of
the
Mother
;
and
sometimes
there
groweth
a
disaffection
to
the
Children
upon
a
second
brood
:
it
then
concerns
the
Father
to
double
his
care
,
putting
on
as
much
of
a
Mother
as
is
possible
for
those
of
his
Sex
to
do
.
X.
Male
Children
when
they
become
disciplinable
fall
under
government
of
the
Father
,
whose
duty
in
the
first
place
,
is
to
infuse
into
them
the
general
Principles
of
Religion
,
and
then
as
he
shall
be
able
,
to
preserve
them
from
the
rust
of
Idleness
,
a
certain
Bane
of
Youth
.
In
this
he
cannot
be
too
sedulous
,
for
as
well
the
defects
,
as
faults
of
Young
persons
,
which
are
generated
by
want
of
good
education
do
justly
become
imputable
,
rather
to
their
Parents
than
to
themselves
.
The
Father
must
therefore
take
into
Consideration
his
own
Condition
,
which
if
it
be
Mechanical
may
find
them
employment
at
home
.
But
if
he
be
of
the
chief
Gentry
,
as
we
treat
little
of
others
,
his
Children
may
be
directed
unto
wayes
of
a
more
refined
nature
,
and
in
my
opinion
,
Parents
of
such
condition
are
praise-worthy
who
cause
all
their
Male
Children
to
undertake
some
Profession
of
the
more
Noble
way
,
whereof
this
Kingdom
affordeth
good
plenty
,
as
that
of
Divinity
,
of
the
Laws
Common
and
Civil
,
of
Soldiery
,
and
of
Physick
.
Neither
is
Merchandise
to
be
contemned
,
whereunto
in
forrain
Lands
persons
of
the
most
Honourable
condition
do
apply
themselves
.
And
though
the
care
of
Daughters
do
chiefly
belong
to
the
Mother
,
yet
Parents
of
Eminency
shall
do
well
to
place
them
fitly
and
seasonably
in
Marriage
,
which
the
wise
Siracides
calls
the
performance
of
a
weighty
matter
;
yet
that
endeavour
is
better
spared
,
if
the
Daughter
shall
be
found
so
much
better
disposed
,
as
to
embrace
S.
Paul's
counsel
of
perpetual
Virginity
.
XI
.
Howsoever
Daughters
are
designed
,
either
to
a
Single
,
or
Married
life
,
there
must
be
a
due
preparation
called
Breeding
,
of
which
a
word
or
two
.
Virginity
is
a
precious
thing
,
but
most
precious
when
preserved
in
a
Religious
consideration
.
It
is
a
perfection
that
was
unknown
in
the
Church
of
God
till
Christs
Incarnation
,
for
the
Jews
did
neither
enjoyn
,
nor
exercise
it
,
but
were
so
averse
,
as
(
if
the
Learned
Selden
deliver
truth
)
those
men
who
did
not
apply
themselves
to
the
getting
of
Children
(
except
some
few
men
who
dedicated
themselves
to
study
of
the
Jewish
Law
)
were
esteemed
as
bad
as
homicides
,
being
very
great
offenders
against
the
first
general
Commandment
,
Encrease
and
multiply
.
But
with
us
Christians
,
perpetual
Chastity
is
most
commendable
;
but
to
oblige
themselves
to
it
is
onely
proper
for
those
who
have
the
gift
of
Continence
,
which
is
not
every
person
,
for
otherwise
our
blessed
Saviour
,
having
said
that
some
have
made
themselves
Eunuchs
for
the
Kingdom
of
Heavens
sake
,
would
not
have
added
,
Qui
capere
potest
,
capiat
.
Let
him
receive
it
who
can
.
Therefore
it
may
be
mischievous
to
enjoyn
it
,
which
deserves
the
Consideration
of
Roman
Catholicks
,
who
are
said
sometimes
to
oblige
their
Children
to
such
a
Vow
,
though
indisposed
to
it
.
For
these
different
Courses
of
life
there
are
different
wayes
of
breeding
,
but
in
each
there
must
be
a
training
up
to
Vertue
and
Piety
.
A
Single
life
is
the
better
part
,
giving
a
capability
of
beginning
the
heavenly
joyes
here
on
Earth
,
by
an
uninterrupted
Contemplation
of
the
Divine
Excellencies
.
These
young
Women
cannot
be
too
little
inur'd
to
vanity
,
since
the
true
businesse
of
their
life
is
a
pursuance
of
their
dedication
,
and
worldly
businesses
are
but
accidental
.
But
the
other
sort
,
which
in
this
faece
Romuli
or
corrupted
race
of
People
are
thousands
for
one
,
may
be
permitted
(
as
S.
Paul
saith
)
to
care
for
the
things
▪
of
this
World
,
that
they
may
please
their
Husbands
,
and
therefore
it
seems
,
that
in
their
breeding
such
strictnesse
is
not
required
,
as
in
educating
the
others
,
neither
is
vanity
so
much
to
be
declined
.
From
this
it
followeth
,
that
these
may
assume
some
liberty
to
dresse
and
adorn
their
persons
,
as
also
to
exercise
themselves
in
Musick
and
other
Courtly
entertainments
.
If
excesse
be
avoided
,
and
if
their
only
end
of
such
their
employment
be
to
give
contentment
to
a
Husband
.
Yet
such
trifles
must
not
be
used
to
destroy
the
learning
of
more
necessary
things
,
as
the
wayes
of
Domestical
thrift
,
with
the
well
governing
of
a
Family
;
much
lesse
may
they
take
up
so
much
time
,
as
not
to
leave
sufficient
for
the
performance
of
Religious
duties
.
XII
.
Enough
hath
been
said
to
shew
that
Children
are
a
blessing
to
the
Parents
,
yet
they
may
be
unprofitable
;
for
the
same
Siracides
gives
it
as
a
Precept
,
not
to
desire
a
multitude
of
unprofitable
Children
;
nay
sometimes
they
prove
dangerous
,
as
it
was
with
our
second
Henry
,
who
had
many
Sons
,
and
most
of
them
Rebellious
,
so
as
before
his
death
he
bitterly
Cursed
two
of
them
who
survived
him
,
and
never
would
be
perswaded
by
his
Bishops
to
revoke
the
Curse
.
And
David
was
no
lesse
unhappy
in
his
Sons
(
I
except
Solomon
,
though
he
made
but
ill
use
of
his
Wisdom
)
and
this
seemeth
to
have
befallen
him
,
by
his
own
default
,
of
too
much
indulgence
to
them
,
for
in
Scripture
there
is
such
a
Note
set
upon
him
in
the
case
of
Adonijah
;
and
the
same
may
be
observed
in
Eli
,
whose
negligence
of
reproof
deprived
his
Family
of
that
great
Dignity
of
the
Priesthood
.
Solomon
therefore
had
good
reason
to
say
,
He
who
spareth
the
Rod
hateth
his
Son.
XIII
.
Having
spoken
of
Children
,
I
shall
take
the
freedom
to
say
something
by
way
of
Comparison
between
our
English
Law
,
and
the
Civil
or
Imperial
;
as
they
relate
to
Succession
for
Inheritance
.
By
the
Civil
Law
every
man
is
capable
of
having
legal
issue
,
as
well
as
natural
,
and
may
adopt
whom
he
will
,
though
he
have
posterity
otherwise
.
These
adopted
Children
are
as
Capable
of
Inheritance
as
the
natural
,
so
as
not
onely
the
Childlesse
person
may
provide
himself
of
an
Heir
,
but
any
other
man
use
his
judgment
in
choosing
one
educated
,
and
of
inclination
according
to
his
mind
.
Why
this
is
wholly
rejected
in
our
Law
,
is
left
to
conjecture
.
Our
Lawyers
have
this
saying
,
that
God
onely
makes
Heirs
,
and
we
know
that
he
can
make
better
choyce
then
we
our selves
.
Sure
I
am
,
it
may
well
become
us
to
submit
to
his
determination
.
To
this
it
may
be
added
,
that
there
is
not
so
much
need
of
Adoption
with
Northern
people
,
as
with
Southern
,
for
we
are
more
fruitful
and
generative
than
they
.
And
by
Adoption
there
is
a
total
change
of
Blood
,
and
a
change
more
certain
,
then
if
the
Succession
were
Spurious
,
or
of
Bastards
by
the
Fathers
side
.
This
is
very
injurious
to
Progenitors
,
from
whom
Families
often
receive
their
Honour
and
Inheritance
,
for
in
the
choyce
of
a
new
Heir
the
Father
hath
an
election
,
but
not
they
,
who
perhaps
may
be
then
deceased
;
and
for
the
most
part
there
remains
some
of
the
Kindred
lineally
descended
from
those
Ancestors
,
who
yet
become
rejected
,
though
numerous
,
and
sufficiently
deserving
.
But
enough
of
this
.
XIIII
.
Now
we
have
digressed
,
touching
upon
other
Laws
concerning
Children
.
It
may
be
pardonable
to
consider
them
about
Marriage
in
some
particulars
.
The
most
essential
difference
lyeth
in
two
poynts
,
a
multiplicity
of
Wives
,
and
power
of
Divorce
;
for
both
these
we
must
acquiesce
in
our
Saviours
decision
,
which
concludes
against
multiplicity
of
Wives
,
and
limits
the
power
of
Divorce
.
The
Jews
(
saving
their
King
and
High
Priest
)
before
the
Captivity
,
might
have
as
many
Wives
as
they
could
maintain
;
and
at
this
day
the
Mahomitans
permit
Poligamy
.
The
Jewish
King's
Dignity
caused
a
limitation
to
him
in
Marriage
;
but
the
Turks
prerogative
exempts
him
from
Nuptials
altogether
.
Oh
the
vast
distance
between
several
results
of
Humane
reason
in
the
same
matter
.
I
say
of
humane
Reason
,
taking
the
Jewish
Matrimonial
Customes
to
be
grounded
not
upon
Divine
Institution
,
but
upon
resolutions
of
Rabins
like
to
judged
cases
in
our
Law.
Let
us
compare
Monogamy
or
single
Marriage
,
with
Polygamy
,
and
somewhat
weigh
the
conveniences
on
either
side
.
Polygamy
is
said
to
be
little
lesse
than
necessary
,
to
Nations
desirous
of
Empire
,
as
were
the
Jews
,
and
now
the
Turks
are
,
since
abundance
of
People
is
chiefly
instrumental
in
Conquest
;
but
to
this
may
be
answered
,
that
no
People
was
ever
more
ambitious
of
ampliating
their
limits
,
then
the
Romans
,
nor
more
desirous
to
abound
in
People
then
they
,
as
appears
by
the
Priviledge
of
Jus
trium
liberorum
,
and
yet
they
never
admitted
Polygamy
.
It
may
be
added
,
for
Pol●gamy
,
that
a
single
Wife
wants
the
spur
to
Vertue
,
which
emulation
gives
where
there
is
more
.
But
Religion
is
a
sufficient
spur
to
Vertue
,
and
the
benefit
of
Emulation
may
arise
from
the
consideration
of
other
mens
vertuous
Wives
,
as
well
as
from
Rivalls
in
relation
to
the
Husband
.
But
certainly
in
the
Oeconomical
way
,
a
multiplicity
of
Wives
must
be
very
inconvenient
,
as
causing
many
distractions
and
altercations
within
a
Family
,
to
the
great
disturbance
of
the
Master
;
for
if
one
Contentious
Woman
be
scarcely
supportable
,
how
must
it
be
where
there
is
many
,
and
with
power
almost
equal
?
As
to
the
power
of
Divorce
,
Christianity
doth
not
allow
it
,
but
in
the
case
of
Fornication
,
for
impotence
produceth
a
nullity
and
not
a
Divorce
.
But
the
Jews
(
and
Romans
also
before
they
were
Christian
)
had
a
full
liberty
to
Divorce
.
This
was
a
great
power
to
the
Masculine
Sex
,
which
Women
will
readily
tax
as
unjust
,
as
was
thought
by
Salome
Sister
to
Herod
,
who
to
give
a
president
for
equality
between
the
Sexes
,
sent
a
Bill
of
Divorce
to
her
Husband
,
a
thing
opposite
to
the
Jewish
Custome
.
For
liberty
of
Divorce
,
it
is
said
,
that
otherwise
a
man
is
for
life
(
and
without
remedy
)
confined
to
the
inconvenience
of
a
humorous
,
unquiet
,
and
disobedient
Wife
;
but
the
fault
is
our
own
,
for
Marriage
should
never
be
without
full
consent
on
both
sides
.
To
conclude
,
our
Levity
and
inconstancy
is
such
,
as
the
general
unhappinesse
would
be
much
greater
,
if
every
man
might
be
Divorced
at
pleasure
.
XV.
The
next
part
of
a
Family
that
offers
it self
is
the
Servants
,
and
of
a
great
Family
(
for
those
that
are
little
deserve
small
consideration
)
the
whole
may
be
termed
an
epitome
of
hereditary
Monarchy
.
The
Master
of
such
a
Family
si
parvis
componere
magna
licet
,
if
we
may
compare
great
things
with
small
,
doth
somewhat
resemble
the
Soveraign
Prince
,
his
Children
the
Nobility
or
second
estate
,
and
the
Body
of
Servants
beareth
some
similitude
to
the
Commons
.
And
this
comparison
may
the
better
be
admitted
,
because
Writers
very
considerable
fetch
their
chief
argument
for
Monarchy
(
as
being
the
most
natural
and
ancient
Government
)
from
its
Conformity
with
the
Paternal
,
which
alwayes
supposeth
a
Family
.
Let
us
see
how
this
comparison
is
proper
.
All
Power
and
Office
is
derived
from
the
Sovereign
in
a
State
,
and
so
is
all
from
the
Master
in
a
Family
.
The
Protection
and
Defence
of
a
Kingdom
belongs
onely
to
the
King
,
and
so
of
a
Family
to
the
Master
.
All
the
People
pay
tribute
to
the
Sovereign
,
and
all
work
of
Servants
in
a
Family
,
whence
profit
may
arise
,
is
to
the
Masters
use
.
Thus
far
there
is
an
agreement
,
but
in
other
things
a
difference
.
In
Monarchy
every
Subject
hath
a
natural
Interest
in
his
Prince
,
and
the
relation
is
indissoluble
.
But
in
a
Family
Servants
have
no
natural
interest
in
their
Master
,
and
the
relation
is
onely
indissoluble
between
the
Father
and
his
Children
.
Again
,
Monarchy
is
one
of
the
Formes
of
political
Government
,
and
a
principal
end
of
all
such
Government
is
the
whole
Peoples
welfare
,
whereof
the
Commons
make
the
greatest
part
,
whereas
in
a
Family
there
is
no
other
design
or
intention
then
profit
and
convenience
of
the
Master
,
and
his
Servants
have
no
concernment
of
their
own
in
such
things
as
peculiarly
belong
to
the
Family
.
Many
other
instances
of
difference
might
be
given
,
but
they
fully
concur
in
one
particular
more
,
which
is
this
,
that
neither
of
them
can
well
subsist
withont
due
subordinations
,
and
good
order
.
XVI
.
The
first
Consideration
belonging
to
Servants
is
their
number
,
wherein
no
certain
rule
can
be
given
,
for
respect
must
be
had
to
several
things
,
as
to
the
Dignity
and
Revenue
of
the
Master
,
his
number
of
Children
,
&c.
But
it
is
absolutely
against
the
Rules
of
wisdome
to
erre
in
the
excesse
.
Better
it
is
to
have
too
few
,
then
too
many
,
as
well
in
respect
of
their
idlenesse
,
which
is
to
be
shunned
as
a
Rock
,
and
cannot
so
be
in
case
a
fit
number
be
exceeded
,
as
also
in
regard
of
encreasing
charge
beyond
the
Masters
income
,
a
most
necessary
thing
to
be
prevented
;
for
what
is
,
or
can
be
more
uncomfortable
,
then
for
a
Master
to
find
his
Estate
in
a
continual
ebb
or
diminution
.
XVII
.
The
next
thing
to
be
weighed
concerning
Servants
in
general
is
their
condition
,
which
as
I
conceive
,
may
better
be
exprest
by
the
negative
then
the
affirmative
.
As
first
,
that
they
differ
not
in
Religion
from
their
Master
,
for
whatsoever
their
zeal
may
be
otherwise
,
it
cannot
be
excessive
in
relation
to
a
Master
,
whom
they
think
not
capable
of
Heaven
and
eternal
happinesse
.
XVIII
.
That
they
be
not
much
addicted
to
any
notorious
Vice
,
and
especially
unto
excesse
of
Drinking
,
which
for
the
most
part
(
like
the
Crocadile
)
grows
as
long
as
it
lives
with
the
person
,
and
is
every
day
more
incurable
,
bringing
with
it
many
inconveniences
into
a
Family
,
as
well
by
ill
example
as
otherwise
,
whereas
other
Vices
in
the
habit
of
them
,
are
not
so
frequent
,
and
not
appearing
so
often
in
publique
,
minister
lesse
scandal
.
XIX
.
That
they
be
not
affected
with
any
Chronical
disease
,
which
must
of
necessity
render
them
unfit
for
active
businesse
,
since
they
are
obliged
to
a
continual
observation
of
their
health
,
and
in
that
respect
are
much
fitter
to
be
served
then
to
serve
.
XX.
That
they
be
not
noted
for
extravagancy
in
the
matter
of
their
own
expence
,
or
much
given
to
Gaming
,
for
both
these
will
need
a
continual
supply
,
which
cannot
in
any
probability
be
wrought
out
but
at
the
Masters
charges
,
and
the
latter
of
these
is
deprived
of
all
limits
.
XXI
.
That
they
be
not
disposed
to
wander
much
abroad
out
of
dores
,
much
lesse
night-walkers
,
or
lodgers
out
of
the
House
;
which
last
consideration
renders
Married
persons
altogether
unfit
for
Service
,
since
they
never
want
just
occasion
to
lodge
abroad
,
and
it
may
be
added
,
that
a
relation
to
two
families
(
whereof
their
own
is
one
)
must
be
almost
as
inconvenient
,
as
the
serving
of
two
Masters
.
XXII
.
The
Proverb
saith
,
So
many
Servants
,
so
many
Enemies
;
and
properly
enough
,
for
there
is
scarcely
any
waste
in
house-keeping
but
Servants
or
their
favourites
do
fare
the
better
for
it
,
and
even
the
best
of
them
do
sometimes
build
upon
their
Masters
ruines
,
as
it
is
seen
in
these
dayes
by
Purchasers
of
their
Masters
Lands
.
It
is
also
no
lesse
wittily
said
,
that
he
who
is
served
by
one
,
hath
a
Servant
;
he
who
by
two
hath
half
a
Servant
,
and
he
who
is
served
by
three
hath
none
at
all
.
This
is
most
applicable
to
Masters
of
small
Families
,
but
in
great
Families
it
may
poynt
out
to
this
Rule
.
That
the
care
of
one
businesse
be
not
committed
to
above
one
person
,
for
otherwise
when
accompt
is
taken
,
every
ones
answer
is
likely
to
be
,
that
he
thought
others
had
done
it
.
XXIII
.
I
have
thought
it
strange
,
that
Servants
are
now
worse
then
in
former
ages
,
and
I
have
been
apt
to
impute
it
to
the
iniquity
of
the
times
,
and
to
degeneration
of
people
from
their
wonted
Integrity
,
but
upon
better
consideration
I
find
,
that
the
way
of
retaining
is
much
altered
;
for
not
a
full
Century
of
years
past
,
Masters
gave
small
wages
,
and
their
Servants
expected
reward
by
a
good
pennyworth
in
some
Farm
when
they
were
aged
.
This
kept
them
in
diligence
,
and
in
a
strict
observance
of
their
Master
,
they
having
an
eye
to
the
reward
,
which
still
remained
in
his
power
.
But
now
by
Contract
Servants
have
Wages
equivalent
to
the
Service
they
are
obliged
to
,
and
being
sure
of
that
which
is
agreed
upon
,
they
may
stand
at
defiance
with
their
Master
,
and
not
care
how
perfunctorily
they
apply
themselves
to
their
duty
.
XXIV
.
In
the
choyce
of
particular
Servants
much
care
should
be
used
,
for
respect
must
be
had
to
the
Employment
whereto
they
are
designed
.
Oeconomy
is
an
Art
,
and
every
Artist
ought
to
be
curious
in
the
choyce
of
his
Instruments
,
and
not
onely
so
,
but
to
trust
chiefly
to
his
own
eye
,
cast
either
upon
the
whole
work
it self
,
or
upon
those
who
act
in
it
.
He
must
not
choose
a
Young
Steward
,
or
an
Old
Husband-man
,
for
the
one
needs
experience
to
direct
,
and
the
other
must
have
strength
to
labour
.
Every
Servant
should
also
have
some
knowledge
and
particular
aptnesse
to
the
businesse
referred
to
his
care
.
I
knew
a
Person
of
eminence
,
who
having
observed
a
diligence
and
natural
promptnesse
in
a
young
man
trained
up
in
his
Stable
,
thought
him
capable
of
any
kind
of
Service
,
and
a
considerable
Farm
being
cast
into
his
hands
,
he
found
it
best
to
employ
this
young
man
as
a
Bayliff
,
who
answered
his
expectation
fully
in
point
of
diligence
and
promptnesse
;
but
for
want
of
experience
in
Tillage
the
Master
lost
his
Seed
for
divers
years
;
and
then
finding
his
errour
,
he
was
enforced
from
that
time
forwards
to
use
a
person
who
had
been
exercised
in
that
way
.
XXV
.
In
this
Nation
heretofore
there
were
Villains
,
Servants
by
Inheritance
,
whose
persons
and
Estates
in
Land
,
were
lyable
to
be
disposed
of
at
the
will
of
their
Lord
,
and
this
continued
with
us
a
very
long
time
,
but
at
last
it
was
found
(
and
perhaps
upon
ground
of
right
reason
)
that
such
a
condition
did
not
well
consist
with
Christianity
,
unto
which
a
natural
Servitude
is
too
opposite
.
But
in
processe
of
time
that
precious
thing
called
Liberty
of
the
People
,
gained
so
much
ground
in
our
Laws
,
as
now
a
Master
cannot
sufficiently
chastise
his
Servant
,
or
put
any
restraint
upon
him
within
limits
of
his
House
,
without
incurring
a
Complaint
to
the
Magistrate
for
breach
of
the
Peace
,
or
false
Imprisonment
,
which
giveth
much
presumption
to
Servants
.
XXVI
.
I
cannot
but
mervail
,
that
the
French
should
term
England
,
Pugatoire
des
serviteurs
,
the
Servants
Purgatory
;
since
all
Europe
affordeth
no
Countrey
where
they
have
more
freedom
;
and
I
no
lesse
wonder
,
that
Francis
Guichiardin
,
that
excellent
Authour
in
his
Avertimenti
Civili
,
taking
notice
how
little
Masters
respect
their
Servants
,
and
cast
them
off
upon
every
small
disgust
,
should
more
then
once
advise
Servants
to
follow
their
Masters
example
,
and
to
make
more
accompt
of
their
own
interests
,
then
of
their
Masters
,
since
all
men
are
now
so
naturally
disposed
to
self-love
as
nothing
can
with-hold
them
from
advantaging
themselves
upon
all
occasions
.
XXVII
.
A
Steward
of
the
houshold
(
stiled
Oeconomus
,
to
shew
his
usefulnesse
in
a
Family
)
is
his
Masters
right
hand
in
presence
,
and
his
Deputy
in
time
of
absence
.
He
hath
a
general
Command
over
his
fellow
Servants
,
and
therefore
ought
to
be
a
man
of
understanding
,
and
somewhat
of
an
Austere
nature
,
that
they
may
not
too
far
press
upon
him
in
way
of
familiarity
,
but
rather
stand
in
awe
of
him
.
He
must
be
of
a
higher
condition
then
the
rest
,
which
will
draw
respect
.
And
because
he
is
highly
trusted
with
receipt
of
moneys
,
he
should
be
possest
of
some
considerable
Estate
of
his
own
,
that
he
may
be
sufficiently
provided
to
answer
upon
accompt
.
He
should
excell
in
quicknesse
of
apprehension
,
that
he
may
readily
see
faults
,
and
as
readily
give
order
for
the
reformation
of
them
.
He
must
be
full
of
observance
towards
his
Master
,
and
careful
that
his
Commands
be
put
in
execution
,
as
on
the
other
part
his
Master
is
imprudent
,
if
he
discountenance
his
Steward
in
presence
of
other
Servants
,
though
he
do
find
him
faulty
,
for
such
disgrace
will
much
prejudice
his
businesse
in
relation
to
others
of
the
Family
,
who
may
thence
be
encouraged
,
to
dispute
with
him
upon
every
occasion
,
and
so
retard
the
businesse
to
be
done
.
Lastly
,
he
must
be
a
good
accomptant
,
and
not
defective
in
memory
,
least
he
injure
his
Master
or
himself
in
setting
down
Receipts
and
disbursements
.
XXVIII
.
In
great
Families
(
for
we
treat
little
of
others
)
there
are
many
offices
,
and
a
Series
of
subordinations
;
as
a
Gentleman
of
the
Horse
,
and
under
his
jurisdiction
several
offices
belonging
to
the
Stable
.
A
Clark
of
the
Kitchin
,
and
under
him
the
Cook
with
his
underlings
,
and
so
the
Butler
,
&c.
and
all
these
are
to
be
countenanced
in
what
they
shall
justly
command
to
be
done
by
their
subordinates
.
Here
the
Master
saith
Go
,
but
in
small
Families
especially
in
the
Countrey
,
the
Master
may
say
Gow
(
as
we
phrase
it
in
East
England
)
or
go
we
,
implying
that
he
will
accompany
them
.
When
Go
is
said
,
the
Command
is
executed
,
but
with
some
uncertainty
,
because
the
businesse
passeth
through
divers
hands
,
but
Gow
doth
the
businesse
immediately
,
and
with
surer
effect
.
XXIX
.
Though
the
Wages
of
Servants
(
together
with
their
Diet
)
is
supposed
to
set
the
balance
even
against
their
service
to
be
done
,
yet
they
do
so
overween
their
own
merit
,
as
when
they
have
long
resided
in
one
Family
they
are
apt
to
become
remisse
in
their
Service
,
and
make
no
difficulty
to
say
,
that
being
old
Servants
they
ought
to
have
an
indulgence
.
Upon
this
ground
divers
persons
have
taken
a
resolution
,
not
to
keep
any
Servant
for
long
continuance
,
except
a
Steward
,
and
such
as
are
necessary
about
their
person
,
and
this
hath
succeeded
well
with
some
of
them
,
but
others
have
been
unhappy
,
falling
into
great
losses
by
unfaithfulnesse
.
And
the
danger
in
this
kind
seemeth
great
,
for
how
can
it
be
,
but
in
frequent
changes
some
must
offer
Service
coming
with
foul
intentions
.
XXX
.
Some
Masters
there
are
,
who
never
seem
more
displeased
,
then
when
they
find
much
agreement
and
quietness
among
their
Servants
,
fearing
least
there
may
be
a
consent
in
them
to
cheat
their
Master
;
and
thinking
also
,
that
when
they
quarrell
they
will
be
apt
to
accuse
one
another
,
if
any
thing
be
amisse
.
But
certainly
when
there
is
continual
disagreement
and
strife
,
it
must
be
a
great
remora
to
them
in
the
performance
of
what
is
to
be
done
,
and
few
there
are
,
who
hold
it
not
the
highest
basenesse
to
accuse
a
fellow-Servant
.
XXXI
.
The
industry
of
a
Servant
is
not
more
useful
in
any
office
then
that
of
a
Gardner
,
who
besides
his
care
in
Gardens
of
pleasure
,
by
his
improvement
of
the
Orchard
and
Kitchin
Garden
may
bring
great
plenty
with
little
charge
to
the
Kitchin
,
and
so
by
consequence
to
the
Table
,
from
which
ariseth
the
chief
honour
of
House-keeping
.
XXXII
.
The
Porters
care
is
also
of
great
use
in
a
Family
,
who
should
be
a
man
somewhat
aged
,
that
he
may
be
endued
with
patience
,
to
give
attendance
at
the
Gate
,
and
take
accompt
of
all
strange
faces
who
shall
desire
entrance
,
and
especially
of
such
as
by
Habit
or
Countenance
give
any
the
least
suspicion
,
for
it
is
most
usual
to
suffer
by
such
admittances
,
but
most
of
all
in
City
dwellings
.
And
this
Officer
ought
constantly
to
see
the
Gate
made
fast
in
due
time
at
night
.
XXXIII
.
And
since
the
well
ordering
of
a
Table
gives
so
much
honour
to
a
house-keeper
,
the
offices
of
Clark
of
the
Kitchin
and
of
Cook
,
cannot
but
be
of
great
concernment
.
That
of
the
Clark
to
provide
and
appoint
what
is
to
be
used
,
and
of
the
Cook
to
dresse
it
,
and
especially
the
Cooks
office
,
which
makes
me
call
to
mind
how
in
the
Family
to
which
I
have
relation
,
there
was
a
time
,
when
notice
being
given
of
very
extraordinary
Persons
to
come
to
Dinner
,
and
the
warning
being
so
short
,
as
there
was
no
time
to
fetch
in
Achates
fit
for
such
an
Entertainment
;
the
Cook
who
had
been
trained
up
at
Court
,
was
such
a
Master
in
his
Culinary
way
,
as
by
well
ordering
of
our
ordinary
Provision
in
making
and
well
seasoning
several
Dishes
of
one
sort
of
meat
,
he
furnished
the
Table
,
so
as
it
gave
great
satisfaction
to
the
Guests
,
and
caused
little
less
then
a
wonder
in
us
.
XXXIV
.
The
second
person
in
a
Family
is
the
Wife
,
who
if
she
be
industrious
,
and
prudent
,
flies
at
all
within
dores
,
and
pitty
it
is
that
any
obstacle
should
be
met
withal
,
which
is
well
illustrated
by
the
Queen
at
the
game
of
Chesse
,
where
the
King
,
or
Master
,
keeps
his
gravity
by
going
but
one
draught
at
once
,
but
the
Queen
as
his
Lievtenant
,
is
not
limited
for
way
,
since
she
hath
power
to
march
every
way
,
nor
for
distance
,
so
as
she
keep
within
compasse
of
the
Chesse-board
,
which
you
may
understand
to
be
the
House
or
Family
.
XXXV
.
Common
use
hath
made
the
governing
of
Diet
and
Housholstuff
so
proper
to
the
Wife
,
as
a
name
of
reproach
is
framed
for
such
Husbands
,
as
shall
interpose
in
those
matters
.
But
that
which
is
hers
most
particularly
is
government
of
Females
within
the
Family
,
and
good
ordering
of
them
is
so
necessary
,
as
all
that
is
neat
depends
upon
it
.
They
have
one
good
quality
wherein
Men-Servants
are
defective
,
which
is
,
the
keeping
themselves
constantly
within
dores
.
And
so
many
things
besides
are
done
by
them
with
more
perfection
then
by
men
,
as
it
should
be
in
that
of
Women-Servants
,
if
I
would
exceed
my
number
in
any
kind
.
XXXVI
.
Having
in
the
last
Article
intimated
the
Oeconomical
vertues
of
Women
,
it
would
be
injurious
to
them
not
to
mention
one
of
them
in
particular
.
It
is
their
attaining
of
a
moderate
skill
in
Physick
and
Chyrurgery
,
attended
with
their
providing
of
Simples
and
other
materials
,
as
also
their
due
preparation
of
them
at
the
Still
and
Fire-hearth
,
and
the
exercise
of
that
knowledge
where
need
requires
.
This
is
a
good
fruit
of
Charity
and
of
good
advantage
,
as
well
within
dores
as
without
.
And
though
it
be
much
exclaimed
against
by
Professors
in
those
Arts
,
yet
can
it
not
be
improper
for
the
Sex
,
since
the
Prophet
Samuel
,
reckoning
up
the
several
Tyranical
oppressions
that
should
fall
upon
the
Israelites
under
their
so
much
desired
Kings
,
doth
particularly
expresse
the
taking
of
their
Daughters
to
be
Apothecaries
,
for
so
our
old
English
Translation
renders
it
;
and
the
word
Vnguentarias
(
used
both
by
the
vulgar
Latine
and
Tremelius
)
is
not
much
dissonant
.
Much
good
ariseth
to
poor
people
by
the
application
of
such
ordinary
remedies
,
and
it
is
of
more
certain
benefit
,
then
the
dealing
about
Cures
of
extraordinary
consideration
,
whereof
observing
the
uncertain
(
and
sometimes
dangerous
)
event
,
some
have
taken
occasion
to
doubt
,
whether
there
come
more
good
,
or
harm
,
by
those
Arts
in
such
difficult
Cures
.
XXXVII
.
The
Children
,
though
of
full
growth
and
understanding
,
are
not
to
meddle
with
businesse
further
then
they
are
called
to
it
by
their
Parents
.
In
my
own
thoughts
I
blame
such
Parents
,
as
make
their
Son
and
Heir
an
absolute
Stranger
to
their
Estate
,
though
perhaps
it
may
be
reasonable
enough
towards
an
Heir
remote
in
Blood.
I
was
told
by
a
Noble
man
of
great
Fortunes
,
that
his
Father
,
even
to
his
Death
,
did
so
effect
to
keep
him
in
darknesse
,
as
he
would
take
offence
,
if
his
Son
upon
any
emergency
made
enquiry
concerning
the
least
part
of
his
Estate
.
It
cannot
be
,
but
by
that
means
the
Young
man
was
expos'd
to
much
abuse
,
when
he
came
to
be
owner
.
The
inclination
of
my
Father
was
clear
other
;
for
as
soon
as
my
years
gave
me
Capability
,
he
not
onely
acquainted
me
with
matters
of
his
Estate
,
but
would
sometimes
take
my
advice
,
and
frequently
make
use
of
my
endeavours
,
which
was
the
way
to
give
me
not
onely
experience
in
those
matters
,
but
ability
for
businesse
in
general
.
XXXVIII
.
The
Master
hath
a
kind
of
Pastoral
charge
within
his
own
Family
,
and
shall
do
well
to
take
order
for
the
external
and
publick
Service
of
God
there
twice
a
day
,
and
in
case
any
of
the
Servants
(
especially
those
whose
businesse
lyeth
within
doors
)
be
negligent
to
give
attendance
at
the
Chappel
or
other
place
assigned
for
that
duty
,
he
must
either
by
himself
,
or
his
Chaplain
,
who
is
his
substitute
,
in
spiritualibus
,
if
he
have
one
,
reprove
them
for
it
,
and
so
for
scandalous
courses
that
any
of
his
Family
shall
give
themselves
over
unto
.
XXXIX
.
There
was
a
piece
of
managery
heretofore
which
is
now
wholly
out
of
use
,
and
yet
might
be
beneficial
.
It
is
the
having
of
a
Wardrobe
in
considerable
Families
,
wherein
was
kept
such
Houshold-stuff
as
seldom
came
into
use
,
and
there
was
also
preserved
all
the
old
Vestments
of
the
Master
and
Mistris
,
which
had
been
any
thing
costly
.
This
was
a
Store-house
,
out
of
which
might
be
taken
at
any
time
materials
,
towards
the
making
of
new
house
Furniture
,
and
Saddles
,
or
such
like
things
,
but
now
it
is
grown
a
shame
with
us
,
to
preserve
any
such
frippery
,
as
they
call
it
.
XL.
Having
in
the
last
Observation
mentioned
Vestments
or
Apparrel
,
I
cannot
think
it
improper
in
this
place
to
take
that
matter
further
into
consideration
.
The
most
natural
uses
of
Apparrel
are
these
,
to
defend
against
the
injuries
of
Weather
,
and
to
be
a
Covering
for
the
obscene
parts
of
the
Body
;
which
last
was
the
occasion
of
our
Father
Adams
first
piece
of
Clothing
by
Fig-leaves
.
But
certainly
it
may
also
be
used
for
ornament
,
or
else
our
Saviour
would
not
have
said
,
that
such
as
wear
soft
Cloathing
are
in
Kings
Houses
;
nor
S.
Paul
have
spoken
of
bestowing
more
abundant
honour
on
those
members
of
the
Body
which
we
esteem
least
honourable
.
Excesse
in
bravery
of
Apparrel
causeth
much
waste
,
and
therefore
some
Rules
should
be
given
to
prevent
it
.
There
can
be
little
said
in
general
,
the
condition
of
persons
being
so
different
in
respect
of
Age
,
Quality
,
&c.
As
for
those
who
are
aged
,
especially
in
a
retired
way
,
they
cannot
be
too
moderate
,
for
much
vanity
and
great
age
should
be
incompatible
.
Most
indulgence
is
to
be
afforded
to
people
in
the
flower
of
their
age
,
who
may
find
advantage
many
wayes
by
adorning
their
persons
.
I
knew
a
Noble-man
whose
course
was
this
,
to
apparrel
his
Daughters
in
very
plain
Habit
till
they
became
Marriagable
,
and
then
he
trimed
them
one
by
one
in
Garments
of
more
cost
,
which
succeeded
very
well
,
all
of
them
being
seasonably
and
fitly
disposed
of
.
The
same
course
may
be
proper
for
Male
Children
,
and
the
way
is
not
irrational
,
for
persons
so
trained
up
will
return
with
lesse
reluctation
to
plain
attire
,
if
need
be
.
In
the
general
,
it
is
a
good
Rule
,
to
defer
the
making
of
new
Apparrel
as
much
as
may
be
,
which
at
the
long
run
becomes
a
great
saving
of
charge
.
And
on
the
contrary
,
those
who
must
have
many
Suits
of
Clothes
at
the
same
time
,
find
themselves
at
great
losse
,
since
the
Fashion
cannot
but
alter
,
before
some
of
them
have
had
their
full
wearing
.
That
wise
and
frugal
People
,
the
Venetians
,
have
a
way
to
distinguish
the
quality
and
degree
of
persons
by
the
form
and
not
the
bravery
of
their
Habit
,
which
of
necessity
must
become
a
great
advantage
to
their
State
in
general
.
But
the
wiser
part
of
every
Nation
must
submit
it self
to
the
common
usages
of
the
whole
;
yet
prudence
ought
to
be
shewed
in
affecting
rather
moderation
then
affectation
;
for
men
are
not
sooner
concluded
to
be
defective
in
judgement
by
any
thing
,
then
by
their
Apparrel
;
and
moderation
is
incomparably
the
best
governour
of
expence
,
and
no
lesse
so
in
this
,
then
in
other
particulars
.
XLI
.
The
Master
(
and
not
onely
he
,
but
his
steward
)
ought
to
govern
as
much
by
Example
,
as
by
Command
;
for
how
indecent
must
it
be
,
for
a
man
to
reprove
another
for
excesse
of
Drinking
,
or
any
other
habit
of
Vice
,
whereunto
he
himself
is
given
over
,
Longum
iter
per
precepta
,
breve
per
exempla
,
the
way
by
Precept
is
long
,
and
that
by
Example
short
.
And
if
the
Example
of
Superiours
be
attractive
,
up
the
cragged
rock
of
Vertue
,
it
cannot
be
imagined
,
but
our
course
after
them
will
be
speedy
and
somewhat
tending
to
precipitation
,
on
the
smooth
down-hill
of
Vice
,
when
we
are
spurred
forwards
by
our
own
depraved
inclinations
.
Such
persons
as
are
Leaders
had
need
be
very
cautious
in
the
choyce
of
their
way
,
since
they
have
no
small
share
in
others
faults
XLII
.
It
is
a
common
precept
,
that
the
Master
of
a
Family
must
be
last
in
Bed
at
night
,
and
soonest
out
of
it
in
the
morning
;
for
so
he
may
see
good
order
kept
,
and
that
the
Servants
not
onely
attend
their
businesse
,
but
observe
fit
times
for
it
.
Yet
in
great
Families
the
Masters
dignity
is
such
for
the
most
part
,
as
that
,
and
other
personal
activities
,
are
fitly
transferred
to
the
Stew●rd
.
XLIII
.
The
Master
shall
do
well
to
take
his
Stewards
Accompt
once
in
a
Year
at
the
least
,
and
to
be
very
punctual
and
curious
in
it
,
or
seem
to
be
so
.
This
is
good
also
for
the
Steward
,
for
by
that
means
he
may
the
more
easily
satisfie
his
Master
,
as
to
particular
disbursements
,
and
the
Masters
seeming
care
,
will
make
the
Steward
fear
to
be
discovered
,
if
he
use
any
underboard
play
.
XLIV
.
Masters
of
Families
are
much
favoured
in
our
Law
,
for
their
houses
are
termed
their
Castles
,
and
have
the
priviledge
not
to
be
forced
by
publike
Officers
,
but
in
prosecution
of
high
treason
,
felony
,
present
breach
of
the
peace
within
dores
,
and
some
other
extraordinary
cases
.
XLV
.
The
good
government
of
Families
is
very
profitable
to
the
Prince
or
State
;
for
Servants
well
trained
up
in
obedience
,
and
free
from
Idlenesse
,
become
good
members
of
the
Common-wealth
,
and
none
more
fit
for
Soldiers
then
they
,
but
especially
those
of
the
better
sort
,
who
by
their
breeding
attain
to
a
kind
of
generos●ty
of
spirit
,
which
renders
them
most
fit
for
the
Martial
profession
;
and
I
am
fully
perswaded
,
that
the
great
actions
performed
by
our
Kings
in
forrain
Countreys
heretofore
,
were
chiefly
acted
by
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
,
who
being
obliged
by
tenure
of
their
Lands
to
attend
their
Prince
in
person
,
carryed
with
them
their
Servants
,
and
these
had
not
their
heart
so
much
at
a
home
of
their
own
,
as
members
of
the
Traind-Bands
in
our
dayes
.
XLVI
.
It
is
necessary
for
Fortresses
and
Families
to
have
a
years
provision
before
hand
,
the
first
to
be
in
readinesse
for
Siege
,
and
the
latter
to
prevent
losse
by
a
year
of
Dear●h
but
as
well
in
Corne
,
as
in
most
other
provisions
of
store
within
dores
,
the
damage
will
be
very
great
,
if
sufficient
care
be
not
taken
in
custody
of
them
.
XLVII
.
Money
is
said
to
be
the
Sinew
of
War
,
and
it
is
little
less
in
the
way
of
Oeconomy
,
for
if
the
Housholder
have
not
money
in
hand
he
must
bear
much
losse
.
Provisions
will
almost
double
their
price
,
if
they
be
not
bought
in
due
time
,
and
in
fitting
place
,
for
being
taken
up
upon
trust
,
they
must
be
had
of
such
persons
as
make
a
trade
of
buying
and
selling
,
whose
manner
is
to
work
upon
the
necessity
of
others
,
and
they
will
be
sure
to
have
great
advantage
by
laying
out
their
Money
.
Besides
this
,
if
the
Family
be
resident
in
the
Countrey
,
our
Master
will
find
that
such
Lands
as
he
keeps
in
hand
will
frequently
want
stock
,
which
must
be
accompanied
with
great
prejudice
.
XLVIII
.
Some
persons
are
so
Rich
,
as
they
have
many
places
of
residence
,
&
Romae
Tibur
amant
ventosi
Tibure
Romam
,
these
are
delighted
in
variety
of
habitation
,
swimming
in
plenty
,
and
may
do
well
to
change
often
▪
having
no
need
to
be
frugal
;
but
our
thrifty
Master
of
a
Family
shall
do
better
,
to
keep
constant
to
his
chief
habitation
,
unlesse
the
change
afford
him
some
certain
and
constant
opportunity
of
gain
,
for
no
place
can
afford
him
otherwise
so
much
advantage
,
as
that
where
much
time
hath
yielded
means
to
settle
things
with
convenience
for
habitation
.
XLIX
.
I
have
alwayes
thought
it
a
most
uncomfortable
thing
to
keep
House
in
so
sparing
a
manner
,
as
to
pinch
the
belly
of
Servants
;
and
some
I
have
known
,
who
doing
so
have
yet
wasted
the
greatest
part
of
their
Patrimony
.
Hospitality
hath
ever
been
a
great
honour
to
this
Nation
;
and
certainly
it
is
accompanied
very
far
with
Gods
Blessing
.
And
so
thought
King
Charles
the
first
,
who
being
told
of
a
Noble
mans
Estate
much
wasted
by
House-keeping
,
could
not
give
credit
to
it
,
but
attributed
the
decay
to
some
other
extravagancy
.
I
have
been
informed
of
a
Gentleman
of
the
times
little
foregoing
mine
,
who
had
been
a
great
Traveller
in
Italy
,
and
was
very
expenceful
,
as
well
in
Apparrel
,
as
in
other
matters
of
parade
;
but
for
House-keeping
so
great
a
Lesinante
or
Miser
,
as
it
was
his
use
to
keep
but
one
Meal
a
day
,
and
to
hold
it
about
three
in
the
afternoon
,
pretending
that
he
did
it
for
health
.
By
this
means
he
kept
off
all
Company
from
eating
with
him
,
and
made
it
so
usefull
as
to
bear
out
his
other
excesses
without
impairing
his
Estate
.
L.
Having
in
the
last
Observation
taken
notice
of
a
Blessing
upon
Hospitality
,
I
think
it
fit
to
consider
,
how
that
happinesse
may
be
procured
.
I
conceive
the
readiest
way
to
obtain
the
Blessing
may
be
,
to
take
care
sufficient
for
relief
of
the
poor
neighbourhood
,
and
best
it
is
to
appoint
set
dayes
and
times
for
it
,
with
a
method
in
the
doing
,
yet
so
,
as
the
set
time
and
method
do
not
any
whit
diminish
the
proportion
fit
for
them
.
LI.
It
is
a
good
Rule
in
House-keeping
to
observe
fasting
days
according
to
the
Law
;
for
much
good
ariseth
thence
.
It
becomes
a
great
encouragement
to
the
Trade
of
Fishing
,
by
which
Shipping
is
much
encreased
,
and
many
Mariners
are
bred
and
maintained
,
whereof
no
Countrey
hath
so
great
need
in
the
way
of
defence
as
ours
;
Abstinence
conduceth
much
to
the
confirmation
of
health
,
and
the
breed
of
Cattel
being
a
great
part
of
the
Kingdoms
stock
is
spared
by
that
means
.
But
the
observation
of
this
constitution
may
the
better
be
thought
reasonable
,
because
there
is
no
other
particular
(
to
my
knowledge
)
either
commanded
or
restrained
within
a
Family
by
the
publike
Magistrate
.
LII
.
Alike
to
that
of
Fast
dayes
is
the
consideration
of
observing
Feasts
(
for
between
these
the
opposition
is
so
far
relative
as
they
should
answer
one
another
)
and
the
latter
is
no
lesse
sitting
in
a
Family
then
in
a
State
,
for
chearfulness
and
plenty
in
Diet
cause
labour
to
be
undergone
the
more
willingly
another
time
,
which
may
appear
the
better
,
since
the
wisdom
of
Legislators
have
made
Lent
but
an
attendant
upon
Easter
,
and
each
Vigil
Fast
upon
his
relative
Feast
.
I
speak
not
of
occasional
Feasts
,
for
to
have
these
too
frequent
consisteth
not
well
with
the
Rules
of
frugality
.
Yet
sometimes
even
the
Miser
will
have
his
feast
famous
for
excesse
.
LIII
.
As
good
it
is
,
to
observe
set
hours
for
publike
Meals
,
and
for
going
to
rest
;
for
by
that
means
Servants
know
their
proper
times
allotted
to
their
businesse
;
meat
is
the
better
drest
and
served
in
,
and
night
disorders
are
much
prevented
,
whereby
there
comes
not
only
great
wast
for
the
most
part
,
but
danger
by
fire
.
LIV.
Some
have
a
way
of
diversifying
their
Dishes
according
to
several
dayes
of
the
week
in
a
constant
course
,
and
this
not
only
affords
variety
,
which
is
pleasing
to
Nature
,
but
gives
much
ease
to
the
Mistris
of
the
Family
,
who
hath
so
much
lesse
trouble
in
appointing
what
shall
be
drest
LV.
In
houshold
expences
care
would
be
taken
not
to
have
the
excesse
in
such
things
,
as
require
money
to
be
immediately
disbursed
,
and
especially
in
those
that
drain
the
Kingdom
it self
of
bullyon
,
as
Wine
,
dried
Fruits
,
Sugar
,
Spices
&c.
but
rather
in
Commodities
which
arise
originally
upon
the
Masters
own
land
,
as
of
Cattel
there
bred
,
Corn
of
growth
upon
the
same
,
&c.
or
at
least
of
such
,
as
are
improved
there
,
as
Cattel
bought
and
fatted
.
LVI
.
Nothing
(
as
I
conceive
)
can
be
fitter
to
close
up
the
Advices
to
a
Housholder
for
that
which
is
to
be
done
within
his
House
,
then
to
put
him
in
mind
of
filling
his
petty
Magazines
in
due
season
with
those
provisions
of
store
which
are
necessary
.
These
branch
themselves
into
so
many
particulars
,
as
here
can
be
no
room
to
specifie
them
,
but
so
it
is
,
as
the
very
life
of
domestical
frugality
consisteth
therein
,
and
as
to
these
,
if
occasion
be
not
taken
by
the
foretop
,
it
will
be
little
lesse
then
impossible
to
make
these
provisions
at
all
,
especially
in
a
Countrey
Family
.
And
wheresoever
the
Family
is
,
the
Supply
must
otherwise
be
wrought
out
with
infinite
losse
.
Our
Master
therefore
must
not
slumber
in
such
matters
,
least
his
experience
be
too
dearly
bought
.
LVII
.
Most
of
these
Observations
do
chiefly
concern
House-keeping
in
the
Countrey
;
and
it
is
not
unreasonable
to
have
it
so
;
for
the
most
considerable
hospitality
is
held
there
.
Families
in
the
City
are
generally
lesse
,
and
being
so
,
the
care
of
them
must
be
lesse
also
.
Yet
the
principal
consideration
taketh
place
there
,
which
is
the
disposing
of
money
,
all
being
there
bought
with
the
penny
,
so
as
he
deserveth
greatest
commendation
who
hath
the
best
faculty
in
spreading
his
shilling
,
as
William
late
Earl
of
Bedford
was
wont
to
stile
it
,
by
which
is
meant
a
making
of
the
best
appearance
with
least
expence
.
LVIII
.
We
have
already
mentioned
Villains
Servants
by
discent
or
〈…〉
●nd
have
approved
of
their
among
us
Christians
;
But
there
is
another
kind
,
termed
by
Writers
in
politicks
Servi
natura
,
who
are
endued
with
extraordinary
strength
of
body
,
but
altogether
defective
in
point
of
understanding
.
These
receive
advantage
by
being
Servants
,
and
may
be
of
good
use
in
a
Family
,
if
labouring
in
body
be
necessary
there
;
but
I
altogether
disapprove
of
that
use
,
which
is
made
of
them
by
great
Persons
turning
their
defect
of
Nature
into
sport
.
These
do
not
much
increase
charge
,
as
serving
onely
for
Victuals
and
Rayment
,
and
excel
Beasts
little
in
point
of
Reason
,
or
in
any
thing
else
,
save
their
outward
figure
,
and
in
that
they
have
an
immortal
Soul
▪
happy
in
being
innocent
,
and
possest
of
lesse
malice
,
then
appears
to
be
in
some
Beasts
.
LIX
.
That
famous
Lawyer
Sir
Edward
Cook
,
would
often
boast
of
it
,
as
a
matter
of
prudence
,
That
he
had
never
cast
his
Penny
into
the
Water
,
nor
dipt
his
finger
in
the
Mortar
;
meaning
that
he
had
never
been
an
adventurer
at
Sea
,
not
yet
a
Builder
.
I
confesse
that
Building
magnificently
is
a
great
honour
to
the
Kingdom
,
and
in
that
respect
deserveth
all
encouragement
;
but
it
is
fit
either
for
persons
of
very
eminent
Estate
,
or
for
great
getters
as
Cook
was
;
but
our
Oeconomist
takes
it
for
a
Rule
,
not
to
disburse
any
considerable
summe
,
but
where
he
may
either
find
great
profit
in
a
return
,
or
a
prevention
of
a
future
expence
,
and
therefore
he
useth
expedition
in
necessary
repairs
of
his
Housing
already
built
,
for
delay
in
that
matter
doth
encrease
charges
beyond
expectation
.
LX.
It
hath
been
observed
as
a
great
unhappinesse
to
our
Nobility
and
Gentry
,
that
generally
they
are
over-housed
.
This
must
be
meant
of
Capital
Houses
in
the
Countrey
,
for
Buildings
in
the
City
are
clearly
matter
of
advantage
and
profit
,
because
they
may
be
rented
out
;
as
for
the
other
,
the
observation
is
true
in
both
parts
,
for
the
Builders
of
such
great
Houses
were
persons
either
of
wast
,
or
rising
fortunes
,
and
they
contrived
their
Mansions
to
be
fit
for
their
present
or
approaching
condition
,
and
no
man
will
doubt
,
but
Estates
are
much
diminished
,
and
likely
to
be
so
more
and
more
.
This
puts
me
in
mind
of
him
who
when
his
Kitchin
was
found
fault
with
,
as
being
too
little
for
his
House
,
answered
,
that
the
littlenesse
of
the
Kitchin
had
made
the
House
so
great
;
and
contrariwise
,
where
there
is
a
very
great
House
and
a
small
Estate
,
we
may
for
the
most
part
say
,
that
the
great
House
hath
made
the
Estate
so
little
;
for
it
is
like
to
great
Personal
titles
,
causing
the
owner
to
hoise
up
more
Sail
,
then
the
bottom
can
bear
,
which
draweth
on
his
Ruin.
All
men
know
(
and
some
of
us
by
experience
)
the
great
charge
of
fitting
a
large
House
,
and
keeping
it
in
sufficient
repair
,
together
with
the
uncomfortablenesse
(
and
seeming
shame
)
of
living
there
attended
by
a
small
Family
,
so
as
it
is
hard
to
give
advice
to
persons
in
such
condition
,
especially
if
they
be
fettered
so
as
they
cannot
transplant
themselves
,
yet
they
may
be
wished
,
rather
to
affect
(
and
dispose
themselves
to
)
the
Italian
humour
of
living
in
a
Pallace
with
small
retinue
,
then
to
our
English
inclination
of
abounding
in
number
of
Servants
,
with
the
inconveniencies
appendent
to
it
,
and
the
observation
may
●lso
give
a
Caveat
to
rich
persons
,
that
they
use
not
too
much
excesse
in
Building
at
their
chief
Habitation
for
their
posterities
sake
.
LXI
.
Though
it
be
out
of
the
circumference
of
our
Circle
to
consider
the
niceties
of
Architecture
,
yet
we
may
give
some
touches
upon
the
difference
,
in
point
of
convenience
,
between
Building
modern
and
ancient
.
The
old
way
of
building
was
,
to
seek
out
places
sheltred
from
Wind
(
unlesse
it
were
for
a
Castle
)
and
to
make
thick
Walls
with
small
Windows
,
covering
much
ground
with
housing
of
moderate
height
.
About
the
beginning
of
Q.
Elizabeths
Raign
they
began
to
enlarge
their
Lights
,
and
of
late
the
Buildings
are
made
high
with
great
Windows
,
and
much
uniformity
is
affected
,
after
the
Italian
manner
.
I
conceive
this
fitter
for
Cities
,
where
ground
is
scarce
and
Houses
strengthen
one
another
being
joyned
,
then
for
the
Countrey
,
since
to
be
expos'd
to
Tempest
is
so
great
an
inconvenience
,
especially
where
the
scituation
is
chosen
high
for
prospects
sake
,
as
is
now
usual
.
Besides
this
,
the
Hall
(
or
basis
of
Hospitality
)
is
either
wholly
left
out
,
or
so
contrived
as
to
be
without
Chimny
of
Fire-hearth
,
which
in
Winter
time
should
draw
Company
together
,
and
give
chearfulnesse
to
a
Family
.
Great
Staire-cases
are
also
affected
,
which
fill
a
house
with
noyse
,
and
uniformity
doth
often
deprive
us
of
inward
Rooms
,
and
of
Closets
,
with
other
little
retiring
places
.
These
considerations
and
some
others
make
me
lesse
forward
,
then
the
generality
,
in
crying
down
the
pretended
rusticity
of
our
Ancestors
;
yet
I
must
confesse
,
that
not
only
Beauty
both
inward
and
outward
,
but
even
the
fashionablenesse
of
Building
is
to
be
desired
,
where
it
may
be
attained
with
convenience
,
but
certainly
convenience
ought
to
give
the
rule
.
And
so
I
leave
the
matter
to
be
taken
into
further
consideration
by
others
of
better
judgment
who
have
more
space
for
it
.
LXII
.
It
is
a
rule
in
Menagery
,
not
to
entertain
many
Workmen
by
the
day
,
nor
Women
to
assist
those
of
the
Family
within
doors
;
but
in
great
Houses
it
is
impossible
to
avoid
day-men
,
since
there
is
so
much
use
of
them
about
repairs
,
felling
and
making
up
of
Wood
,
and
such
like
matters
.
All
therefore
that
can
be
done
,
is
to
decline
them
as
much
as
may
be
,
by
removing
the
occasion
.
And
when
such
are
set
to
work
,
the
Steward
shall
do
well
,
morning
and
evening
,
to
take
accompt
of
what
is
done
,
by
which
means
they
must
either
be
active
in
their
businesse
or
run
hazard
of
loosing
employment
afterwards
.
When
any
of
the
Servants
are
to
work
abroad
,
the
same
diligence
is
to
be
used
in
appointing
what
is
to
be
done
,
and
in
taking
accompt
of
it
.
LXIII
.
It
is
certain
that
Families
of
Noblemen
are
clean
other
,
then
they
were
antiently
;
for
within
memory
of
some
yet
alive
,
it
was
usual
for
persons
of
the
inferior
Gentry
,
to
put
their
Sons
into
such
service
for
breeding
,
and
it
succeeded
well
,
saving
unto
them
many
a
penny
,
which
would
have
been
spent
by
sending
them
to
London
out
of
remote
Countries
,
and
in
maintaining
them
there
;
to
this
purpose
may
be
related
that
which
happned
in
the
Family
of
Robert
Dudley
the
great
Earl
of
Leicester
,
and
this
it
is
.
As
he
was
sitting
at
his
Table
with
many
other
Noblemen
,
a
Letter
was
delivered
to
him
,
whereby
appeared
that
an
Earl
was
dead
whose
Heir
served
him
in
his
House
,
being
somewhat
remote
in
blood
from
the
deceased
,
whereupon
he
called
the
Gentleman
to
him
,
and
acquainting
his
Guests
with
the
Letters
substance
,
made
him
presently
to
sit
at
the
Table
above
himself
and
many
other
of
the
Lords
.
LXIV
.
A
new
Married
couple
,
if
they
be
young
,
shall
do
well
not
to
engage
themselves
in
House-keeping
too
suddenly
,
but
to
Sojourn
with
their
Parent
,
or
some
other
Friend
,
for
some
years
,
that
they
may
have
time
to
observe
what
order
is
to
be
held
,
and
to
provide
themselves
of
Houshold-stuff
,
and
of
other
utensils
,
in
some
measure
,
for
otherwise
they
will
be
like
fresh-water
Soldiers
going
to
a
Military
Command
,
before
they
are
fitted
with
Arms
,
and
understand
the
use
of
them
,
or
what
belongs
to
the
exercising
of
their
Soldiers
.
LXV
.
When
the
Heir
becomes
a
Married
man
and
Master
of
a
Family
of
his
own
,
yet
sometimes
the
Parent
thinks
his
Sons
presence
so
necessary
to
him
,
as
he
will
summon
him
again
to
Sojourn
,
which
must
be
inconvenient
,
unlesse
the
Son
hath
brought
himself
by
improvidence
to
an
impossibility
to
live
by
himself
.
This
I
know
by
experience
;
for
having
many
Children
I
was
called
home
by
my
Father
several
times
,
who
finding
the
inconvenience
of
two
considerable
Families
in
a
house
,
returned
me
as
often
to
my
own
home
,
which
was
not
onely
a
doubling
of
charge
▪
but
a
very
great
hinderance
to
me
in
my
whole
course
.
LXVI
.
A
considerable
Family
ought
to
be
furnished
with
Houshold-stuff
accordingly
;
but
it
is
far
from
necessary
to
have
it
wholly
modern
(
or
a
la
mode
,
as
they
call
it
)
as
it
was
with
an
Earl
whom
a
friend
of
mine
found
giving
direction
for
taking
down
his
hangings
and
some
other
stuff
,
which
were
decent
enough
,
my
friend
asked
why
it
was
done
,
and
his
answer
was
,
that
they
were
out
of
fashion
,
and
he
would
put
new
in
their
place
.
Upon
this
ground
a
Person
of
quality
must
change
his
furniture
every
ten
years
,
for
in
or
near
that
time
the
fashion
changeth
,
and
the
same
may
be
a
motive
for
a
House
to
be
pulled
down
,
and
a
new
one
to
be
set
up
in
its
place
,
as
many
have
done
,
who
were
well
housed
before
.
LXVII
.
Now
we
are
come
to
look
abroad
,
I
wish
our
Pater
familias
would
take
into
consideration
the
situation
of
his
Mansion-house
,
together
with
the
Conveniencies
and
Inconveniences
of
it
,
that
by
his
industry
he
may
remove
what
is
offensive
,
and
add
what
may
yield
advantage
;
for
it
argueth
want
of
prudence
,
either
to
sit
under
an
inconvenience
,
where
it
may
be
removed
,
or
to
bear
a
defect
where
it
may
be
supplied
.
But
by
no
means
would
I
have
him
to
fall
out
utterly
with
his
Habitation
,
for
it
is
an
old
note
,
That
few
persons
thrive
in
the
world
,
who
quarrel
with
the
antient
Seat
of
their
Progenitors
.
LXVIII
.
If
there
be
any
receptacle
of
impure
water
near
the
House
,
which
may
render
it
unhealthful
,
I
should
wish
him
cause
it
to
be
drayned
;
for
nothing
is
so
precious
as
health
,
yet
the
provision
of
Fish
is
so
necessary
towards
house-keeping
,
as
he
shall
do
well
to
make
Fish-ponds
at
convenient
distance
if
the
situation
will
bear
it
,
and
how
necessary
it
is
to
be
furnished
with
Fish
may
appear
by
the
placing
of
Religious
Houses
antiently
,
which
were
for
the
most
part
set
near
to
running
waters
,
so
as
they
seemed
more
studious
,
to
enjoy
plenty
,
then
to
preserve
health
.
LXIX
.
Our
Law
makes
it
wast
,
to
cut
down
high
Trees
(
though
they
be
not
properly
Timber
)
standing
for
safeguard
and
defence
of
a
Mansion-house
,
though
it
be
done
for
necessary
Reparation
,
yet
many
hold
it
unhealthful
,
to
suffer
a
House
to
be
choaked
up
with
Trees
,
in
regard
that
the
Air
wanteth
free
passage
;
the
choyce
of
a
fit
distance
may
reconcile
this
difference
:
But
in
these
daies
people
are
so
disposed
to
quarrel
with
Timber
,
as
there
shall
need
no
advice
to
fell
Trees
about
a
House
.
LXX
.
A
Cony
Warren
yields
so
constant
Dishes
to
a
Table
,
as
it
is
very
fit
to
be
had
,
where
the
Soyl
will
bear
it
.
A
Dove-house
is
as
requisite
,
and
though
to
have
a
Park
about
a
House
be
not
generally
esteemed
a
point
of
good
husbandry
,
yet
to
a
person
of
the
higher
condition
there
can
be
no
great
losse
in
it
,
lying
so
conveniently
,
and
the
pleasure
is
very
great
,
not
onely
in
sight
of
the
Deer
,
but
in
having
so
much
Pasture-ground
at
hand
lying
open
for
riding
,
walking
,
or
any
other
pastime
.
LXXI
.
To
govern
the
Plow
was
an
Entertainment
used
by
the
Roman
Senators
;
for
Quintius
Cincinnatus
was
called
from
the
Plow
to
be
Dictator
,
which
Office
was
endued
with
the
Soveraign
Power
for
a
time
;
but
it
was
in
the
Infancy
of
that
State
,
when
their
Territory
was
small
,
and
their
Nobility
not
great
;
but
as
for
our
Master
of
a
Family
,
I
should
not
advise
him
to
use
Tillage
farther
then
his
houshold
necessities
require
,
for
Gentlemen
,
who
cannot
attend
those
employments
in
person
,
must
be
great
loosers
by
it
,
Servants
for
the
most
part
being
perfunctory
in
those
Services
,
which
lie
out
of
their
Masters
view
.
LXXII
.
I
should
not
advise
a
Gentleman
to
keep
any
of
his
Farms
in
hand
at
great
distance
,
to
prevent
diminution
of
Revenues
;
for
if
there
be
losse
in
Tillage
at
home
,
the
damage
of
necessity
must
be
very
great
far
off
.
He
shall
therefore
do
much
better
,
to
abate
Rent
in
a
moderate
proportion
,
which
course
is
confirmed
to
me
by
my
own
experience
,
for
I
have
alwayes
found
most
comfort
,
where
I
have
let
good
penny-worths
,
otherwise
our
Farmes
are
now
and
then
thrown
up
into
our
hands
(
as
the
Country-man
calls
it
)
by
which
means
more
losse
is
contracted
in
one
year
,
then
abatement
of
Rent
would
arise
to
in
many
.
And
Divines
will
also
have
it
,
that
Gods
Blessing
doth
not
accompany
such
persons
as
are
too
hard
to
their
Tenants
.
LXXIII
.
A
great
unhappinesse
it
is
to
the
Nobility
and
Gentry
,
that
they
do
not
measure
their
expences
,
so
as
to
keep
them
somewhat
under
their
annual
Revenue
,
by
which
being
done
they
may
continue
a
fair
subsistence
,
and
not
otherwise
.
They
consider
high
living
as
a
great
happinesse
,
and
the
least
diminution
of
pomp
,
as
a
great
dishonour
,
which
causeth
them
to
continue
their
wastful
way
,
presuming
of
a
supply
to
come
to
them
out
of
the
Clouds
.
This
is
no
lesse
then
folly
,
yet
those
may
deserve
some
pitty
,
who
have
not
put
themselves
into
that
height
,
but
were
left
in
it
by
their
Parents
.
For
this
the
remedy
is
easie
,
for
common
prudence
forbids
all
men
,
to
continue
in
a
consumptive
condition
,
without
absolute
necessity
,
and
therefore
much
better
it
is
(
though
it
give
occasion
of
discourse
to
the
people
)
to
slack
sail
betimes
by
a
reduction
of
the
grounds
of
their
expence
,
then
to
be
dishonoured
at
last
totally
,
by
a
ruine
which
might
have
been
prevented
in
a
resolution
maturely
taken
.
And
let
them
not
think
themselves
dishonoured
,
for
there
is
no
justification
so
sure
,
as
that
which
is
built
upon
necessity
.
LXXIV
.
There
is
one
great
danger
which
hath
not
yet
been
touched
,
and
it
is
this
;
That
house-keepers
upon
their
first
setting
up
,
either
are
already
in
debt
,
or
by
providing
of
necessaries
contract
a
debt
,
which
in
the
beginning
is
small
,
but
too
easie
to
be
encreased
for
want
of
experience
,
so
as
at
last
they
become
enrowled
in
the
Usurers
Books
.
This
groweth
unawares
to
a
masse
,
which
like
a
Cancer
so
eats
into
the
Estate
,
as
ere
long
the
very
heart
of
it
is
in
danger
;
this
with
other
ill
managery
becomes
the
ruine
of
much
Gentry
,
for
men
are
generally
so
unapt
to
think
of
a
lessening
,
as
they
can
hardly
find
any
particular
,
that
may
be
spared
for
sale
.
But
I
must
advise
our
owner
,
above
all
to
remedy
this
in
good
time
,
though
it
be
by
a
fell
of
Timber
,
or
by
selling
of
that
which
may
seem
precious
;
for
as
the
French
men
say
,
Pays
gasté
vault
mieux
que
pays
perdu
.
It
is
better
to
be
Master
of
a
wasted
Countrey
,
then
of
none
at
all
.
LXXV
.
Another
danger
there
is
,
which
though
not
to
the
generality
,
yet
is
very
destructive
to
some
,
and
it
is
a
being
engaged
to
Law
Suits
.
An
itch
of
being
observed
to
prevail
in
matters
of
difference
between
Neighbour
and
Neighbour
is
too
frequent
,
even
with
such
as
are
not
observed
to
be
much
bent
to
the
having
of
their
will
,
but
with
wilful
people
it
surpasseth
any
other
pleasure
.
This
is
a
very
chargeable
entertainment
,
and
bringeth
bitternesse
in
the
end
,
for
such
businesses
are
for
the
most
part
concluded
with
little
advantage
to
any
,
but
the
Lawyers
;
it
is
therefore
much
more
convenient
(
or
rather
Christian
)
to
make
an
end
speedily
by
Reference
,
or
mediation
of
Friends
,
which
is
the
course
whereunto
I
would
advise
our
House-keeper
.
LXXVI
.
The
point
of
non-residence
at
the
prime
Mansion
house
is
of
so
great
importance
,
as
the
chief
(
or
at
least
the
most
probable
)
cause
of
it
,
may
deserve
consideration
.
I
take
it
to
be
the
abhorrence
of
Solitude
,
unto
which
the
Countrey
life
is
alwayes
subject
,
and
in
a
very
high
measure
but
especially
in
the
conceit
of
those
of
the
best
condition
,
who
have
been
constantly
used
to
much
converse
,
and
who
cannot
with
the
least
contentment
apply
themselves
to
Rural
businesses
.
I
confesse
that
Melancholly
must
be
prevented
;
for
nothing
can
be
more
mischievous
,
and
therefore
they
must
entertain
themselves
with
such
delights
,
as
may
best
quadrate
with
this
course
of
life
,
so
new
and
unaccustomed
.
LXXVII
.
It
was
an
Observation
of
my
Fathers
(
and
perhaps
printed
in
his
Forest
)
whereof
I
may
borrow
the
substance
,
and
this
it
is
;
That
the
English
Gentleman
can
hardly
be
prosperous
in
government
of
his
Estate
;
for
whereas
the
Genius
of
some
other
Nations
prompteth
them
to
particular
excesses
;
as
the
Italian
to
curiosity
of
House
and
Furniture
;
the
French
man
to
bravery
in
Habit
of
Clothes
and
other
matters
of
Parade
,
as
abundance
of
Pages
and
Laquays
,
&c.
And
the
German
to
variety
and
excess
in
Drinking
;
but
they
are
all
frugal
otherwise
.
Our
English
man
affects
all
these
together
,
as
also
that
of
our
own
,
which
is
,
a
number
of
Menial
Servants
,
and
great
plenty
in
Diet.
Of
this
I
shall
make
no
application
,
but
say
concerning
the
Observation
,
Valeat
quantum
valere
potest
.
LXXVIII
.
I
have
conversed
much
heretofore
in
the
Family
of
a
Nobleman
of
great
fortunes
,
who
having
many
Children
,
would
never
send
any
of
them
to
travel
beyond
Sea
,
giving
for
a
reason
,
that
the
seeing
of
so
great
variety
and
splendour
,
made
young
men
dislike
their
own
native
Countrey
and
place
of
Habitation
.
The
truth
is
,
it
proveth
to
be
so
too
often
,
but
as
I
conceive
,
the
inconvenience
ariseth
from
the
persons
disposition
and
not
from
travel
,
for
it
is
not
so
with
all
Travellers
;
neither
is
there
reason
for
it
,
England
being
supplyed
with
all
necessaries
of
its
own
growth
;
nor
is
it
destitute
of
matters
of
Ornament
and
Splendor
.
In
many
things
we
fall
short
for
curiosity
and
beauty
,
but
in
other
things
we
exceed
our
Neighbours
;
as
particularly
in
our
Universities
,
which
have
no
parallel
,
and
London
falleth
not
much
short
of
the
greatest
forrain
Cities
.
Besides
this
,
our
situation
is
such
,
in
respect
of
the
Sea
,
as
we
are
not
in
want
of
curious
Wines
,
and
such
delightful
commodities
.
But
to
shew
fully
how
prevalent
the
persons
disposition
may
be
,
the
said
Nobleman
gave
breeding
to
his
eldest
Son
,
with
charge
extraordinary
,
at
our
Court
and
chief
City
,
where
vanity
so
far
prevailed
with
him
,
as
afterwards
he
bcame
the
wonder
of
those
dayes
,
contracting
a
Debt
greater
then
ever
was
known
,
by
a
person
having
little
or
no
Estate
of
his
own
,
for
a
foundation
of
security
.
LXXIX
.
Of
Countrey
delights
,
Study
may
deserve
the
first
place
,
whereby
our
Gentry
may
in
some
sort
converse
with
persons
of
the
greatest
rank
and
wisdom
.
It
were
needlesse
here
,
to
discourse
upon
the
excellency
of
that
Entertainment
,
which
is
so
much
treated
of
every
where
.
In
all
wayes
whereby
delight
is
sought
there
must
be
variety
,
and
therefore
those
Families
enjoy
a
great
advantage
in
the
way
of
satisfaction
,
which
are
furnished
,
and
inriched
with
plenty
of
good
Books
.
There
can
be
no
direction
given
,
for
choyce
of
Authours
,
to
those
who
seek
pleasure
in
Reading
,
for
different
persons
have
different
inclinations
;
but
if
reason
might
be
our
guid
,
I
should
advise
our
Gentleman
to
the
study
of
History
;
and
in
first
place
to
that
concerning
our
own
Nation
,
and
his
time
will
be
the
better
spent
,
if
by
Reading
he
acquaint
himself
with
the
Laws
of
this
Kingdom
,
as
far
as
may
be
obtained
without
much
labour
,
for
pains
:
taking
and
delight
can
hardly
consist
together
.
But
some
men
are
altogether
averse
to
Study
;
and
for
such
there
must
be
found
some
divertisement
of
more
activity
.
LXXX
.
Of
active
Rural
recreations
,
Hunting
offers
it self
in
the
first
place
,
which
Horace
calls
,
Romanis
solenne
viris
opus
utile
famae
Vitaeque
&
membris
.
Or
thus
,
A
serious
work
to
all
of
Roman
name
,
Useful
to
life
,
and
limbs
,
and
of
good
fame
.
This
is
a
Pastime
Royal
fit
for
Princes
,
inuring
their
bodies
to
motion
and
exercise
,
and
as
Machiavel
observes
,
acquainting
them
with
variety
of
places
and
situations
,
as
Hills
,
Dales
,
Woods
,
Plain
grounds
and
uneven
,
Moorish
,
and
Dry
,
Enclosed
,
and
Champain
;
a
knowledge
very
useful
for
Commanders
Military
,
which
Profession
is
fit
to
be
understood
,
not
only
by
Princes
,
but
by
the
Gentry
universally
,
it
being
their
proper
vocation
,
as
appears
in
some
measure
by
the
ensigns
of
Nobility
,
their
Coats
of
Arms
impressed
upon
a
Shield
.
This
affords
entertainment
,
not
onely
abroad
,
but
at
home
in
the
discoursing
of
it
;
and
to
this
may
be
added
Hawking
,
Bouling
,
Fishing
,
&c.
LXXXI
.
Of
Pastimes
within
dores
Musick
may
challenge
the
next
place
to
Study
,
and
is
more
sociable
,
for
it
entertains
many
at
the
same
time
.
This
is
more
innocent
then
that
of
Hunting
,
for
no
living
Creature
receives
vexation
or
damage
by
it
,
and
no
man
can
complain
that
his
fences
are
destroyed
.
Horace
his
advice
concerning
verses
,
is
,
Quocunque
volunt
aninum
auditoris
agunto
.
Or
thus
,
Let
Verses
gently
charm
the
mind
,
And
as
they
will
th'
affections
wind
.
Which
qualitie
I
have
found
more
constant
in
Musick
,
from
which
I
my self
have
received
a
great
subsistence
in
this
my
retirement
.
When
I
found
my self
subject
to
be
pensive
,
then
by
Musical
Ayres
,
Corantoes
,
and
Sarabands
,
I
was
rendred
more
chearful
;
and
when
I
desired
to
become
Serious
,
the
work
was
done
for
me
by
hearing
Almayns
,
Fancies
,
and
Pavans
;
variety
is
most
pleasing
,
and
much
of
this
is
afforded
even
in
the
diversity
of
Musical
Instruments
,
as
the
Lute
,
Harp
,
&c.
but
certainly
no
Musick
can
bear
up
with
the
Vocal
,
to
which
some
suppose
a
continuance
in
Heaven
it self
;
but
howsoever
that
be
,
Musick
is
found
useful
in
the
Service
of
God
here
below
(
even
with
the
most
rigid
who
must
have
singing
Psalms
)
and
so
it
was
anciently
in
the
Jewish
Church
.
I
professe
not
to
know
any
pleasure
exceeding
Musick
,
saving
that
of
Contemplation
in
matters
Divine
.
Musick
indeed
may
be
said
to
be
sensual
,
for
it
is
altogether
conveyed
by
the
Senses
,
but
certainly
it
hath
a
great
approach
towards
Spirituality
,
or
else
the
Prophet
Elisha
would
never
have
called
for
a
Minstrel
,
when
an
Inspiration
was
required
.
I
may
fear
I
have
been
too
tedious
concerning
this
Recreation
,
to
which
I
confesse
my self
a
little
partial
;
and
I
cannot
but
wonder
at
some
persons
,
who
are
so
much
more
then
brutish
,
as
they
have
a
total
aversion
to
it
,
whom
I
must
leave
in
their
misery
.
LXXXII
.
Some
are
so
austere
and
rigid
in
the
way
of
Religion
,
as
they
will
admit
nothing
of
pleasure
farther
then
refection
,
which
includes
eating
,
drinking
and
sleeping
,
only
supposed
to
be
necessary
.
Recreation
or
Pastime
they
hold
altogether
unlawful
,
as
injurious
to
better
employment
;
These
mens
Religion
is
very
conformable
to
Mahometisme
,
wherein
all
Professors
must
have
a
Mechanical
profession
,
even
the
great
Turk
himself
,
and
they
consider
not
the
necessity
of
health
,
which
cannot
be
preserved
with
a
continual
intention
of
mind
.
A
Bow
that
stands
alwayes
bent
looseth
its
strength
in
the
end
,
and
so
it
is
with
the
mental
faculties
,
if
they
be
continually
at
the
stretch
.
Immediately
after
meals
all
serious
thoughts
are
prejudicial
to
health
;
and
certainly
at
such
times
entertainments
of
some
levity
are
to
be
tolerated
,
and
not
onely
then
,
but
in
the
long
winter
evenings
,
a
season
unfit
for
stirring
businesse
,
so
as
for
the
Master
,
and
better
sort
of
Servants
,
there
may
be
then
some
use
made
of
Gaming
in
a
moderate
sort
.
For
can
it
be
better
to
sit
by
the
fire
and
sleep
(
or
for
a
man
to
rack
himself
by
his
own
thoughts
)
then
to
entertain
himself
by
innocent
pastime
?
But
in
this
I
leave
our
Master
to
his
own
thoughts
.
LXXXIII
.
A
Gentleman
of
quality
,
whom
I
consider
chiefly
in
these
Oeconomical
Notes
,
living
in
the
Countrey
can
hardly
keep
himself
out
of
employment
,
under
the
Lievtenancy
or
Commission
of
the
Peace
;
and
this
may
contribute
something
against
the
inconveniencies
of
Solitude
.
Though
this
gives
trouble
,
yet
it
generates
an
Acquaintance
and
correspondence
between
those
of
the
Gentry
,
and
may
also
yield
some
inward
satisfaction
to
a
well
disposed
person
,
who
ever
desires
to
be
useful
to
others
;
and
here
,
as
I
conceive
,
notice
may
be
taken
that
our
Soveraign
is
happy
beyond
other
Princes
;
for
he
is
very
much
served
gratis
,
in
matters
of
Common
Government
,
whereas
others
are
enforced
to
use
Mercinaries
to
their
cost
.
LXXXIV
.
In
these
Observations
and
every
of
them
,
I
would
not
be
understood
,
to
intend
persons
of
vast
fortunes
,
Noblemen
or
others
,
for
it
is
fit
that
such
should
have
their
freedom
,
since
they
need
not
be
obliged
to
any
Rules
of
Frugality
;
and
I
may
say
,
it
is
for
the
honour
of
this
Kingdom
,
that
the
Court
and
chief
City
should
be
frequented
,
and
expence
in
bravery
there
,
is
not
onely
honourable
,
but
brings
advantage
to
the
People
,
since
many
Trades
and
Manufactures
subsist
meerly
by
excesse
,
of
that
nature
.
Every
man
therefore
must
use
his
prudence
,
and
do
that
which
is
most
proper
for
himself
,
as
well
in
relation
to
the
publike
as
to
his
own
private
Condition
.
LXXXV
.
I
think
we
cannot
better
Conclude
these
Observations
,
then
with
some
notes
concerning
the
Royal
Family
or
Household
,
which
as
I
conceive
,
hath
not
its
Peer
in
Christendom
;
exceeding
all
others
,
as
well
for
Hospitality
,
as
for
Order
.
As
touching
the
first
,
it
hath
no
parallel
;
for
consider
it
as
it
was
in
the
time
of
former
Princes
(
and
as
I
hope
now
is
)
and
we
may
justly
say
,
That
more
Flesh
and
Fish
,
Bread
and
Drink
is
spent
yearly
there
,
then
is
consumed
in
some
Italian
Cities
,
whose
Bishops
are
capable
of
sitting
in
general
Councels
.
And
for
Order
,
it
resembleth
rather
a
State
,
then
a
Family
,
having
within
it
or
thereto
belonging
,
establishments
for
Government
Ecclesiastical
,
Military
,
Civil
and
Criminal
.
First
,
there
is
a
kind
of
Cathedral
Church
,
with
an
Episcopal
Dean
,
&c.
adorned
with
a
Quire
,
and
Vestments
for
the
Clergy
,
as
also
with
materials
for
Musick
very
extraordinary
:
Then
there
is
a
Judicatory
called
the
Green-Cloth
,
which
determineth
in
matters
belonging
to
the
Houshold
Provisions
and
Government
,
where
the
Lord
Steward
,
the
Treasurer
,
and
Comptroller
of
the
Houshold
,
are
Judges
,
with
several
under
Officers
.
Thirdly
,
there
is
two
Military
Companies
,
one
of
Horse-men
called
Pensioners
,
all
Gentlemen
;
and
the
other
that
of
the
old
Guard
,
consisting
of
Yeomen
,
and
these
are
under
Command
of
two
eminent
persons
their
Captains
.
Lastly
,
it
hath
a
Jurisdiction
as
well
Civil
as
Criminal
appertaining
to
it
called
the
Verge
,
extending
it self
twelve
miles
about
the
Court
,
where
the
Lord
Steward
of
the
Kings
House
,
and
Marshal
and
a
peculiar
Coroner
do
respectively
exercise
a
Jurisdiction
,
and
none
of
the
publike
Judges
may
interpose
in
cases
proper
to
that
Court
uncalled
;
which
limit
of
the
Verge
beareth
some
similitude
to
the
Rural
Territory
of
a
City
or
State.
Besides
this
,
the
Lord
Chamberlaine
of
his
Majesties
Houshold
hath
governance
of
all
the
Gentry
,
and
Officers
above-stairs
,
who
are
very
numerous
.
Lawyers
tell
us
,
that
originally
all
Justice
was
administred
within
the
Royal
Family
,
and
that
the
Kings
Bench
was
stiled
Aula
Regia
.
Of
these
there
still
remains
some
shadow
,
in
the
stiles
of
Teste
meipso
,
and
of
Coram
Rege
,
and
at
this
day
the
Privy
Councel
,
an
Assembly
supposed
to
consist
of
the
most
eminent
persons
for
Wisdom
in
the
whole
Nation
,
hath
its
residence
within
the
Kings
House
,
with
a
Jurisdiction
extending
it self
over
the
whole
Kingdom
in
matters
of
State.
To
this
Royal
Family
relate
two
others
,
whereof
one
is
that
of
the
Queen
Consort
,
who
by
the
Law
is
a
person
distinct
from
the
King
,
and
may
plead
,
or
be
impleaded
apart
.
The
other
is
,
that
of
the
Prince
of
Wales
,
when
there
is
one
,
and
both
these
have
especial
Officers
of
State
belonging
to
them
.
It
is
a
Prerogative
of
the
Royal
Family
that
the
Servants
are
obliged
to
a
faithful
and
diligent
performance
of
service
domestical
,
which
as
I
conceive
,
is
not
by
the
Law
permitted
in
the
case
of
any
person
,
who
is
a
meer
Subject
.
And
all
this
under
a
Race
of
Princes
of
unknown
Antiquity
,
linked
in
Blood
with
most
of
the
Royal
Families
of
Christendom
,
and
that
in
all
ages
hath
given
to
the
world
Illustrious
Persons
yielding
to
none
for
eminence
in
Wisdom
,
and
vertue
,
and
sometime
such
,
as
by
forreign
Conquests
were
famous
for
their
Martial
Power
,
and
in
great
part
Arbiters
of
the
most
important
affairs
of
Europe
,
unto
which
Royal
Race
all
true-hearted
English
men
desire
(
and
pray
for
)
a
continuance
in
Regality
,
even
until
the
universal
Day
of
Judgment
.
Morning
Prayer
for
a
Family
.
O
Lord
our
most
gracious
God
:
We
of
this
Family
do
acknowledge
with
all
thankfullnesse
thy
many
great
Mercies
unto
us
;
but
more
especially
thy
freeing
us
from
danger
and
temptation
during
this
night
past
,
and
thy
giving
of
healthful
and
pleasing
rest
unto
us
therein
,
whereby
we
are
enabled
to
perform
the
duties
of
this
day
,
and
chiefly
that
of
prayer
unto
thee
.
For
we
justly
confesse
,
that
the
glorifying
of
thee
is
the
principal
end
of
our
life
;
which
glorifying
is
most
advanced
,
according
to
our
weak
power
,
by
invocation
of
thy
Name
,
and
by
professing
a
full
dependance
upon
thee
in
all
our
actions
.
We
confess
,
that
of
our selves
without
thy
especial
grace
we
cannot
step
one
step
towards
thee
,
by
our
actings
in
any
Religious
duty
;
yet
by
means
of
that
grace
we
are
enabled
so
far
to
act
,
as
to
obtain
acceptance
at
thy
hands
in
Iesus
Christ
,
which
is
sufficient
for
us
.
We
above
all
expresse
our
thankfulnesse
to
thee
,
for
thy
mercies
in
thy
beloved
Son
;
and
more
particularly
for
his
undergoing
the
shameful
death
of
the
Crosse
for
us
.
Grant
O
Lord
,
that
by
his
Blood
and
Sufferings
,
we
may
be
purged
from
the
old
leaven
of
unrighteousnesse
,
and
that
by
Faith
in
him
our
hearts
may
be
purified
and
disposed
to
the
performance
of
whatsoever
duties
are
required
by
thee
towards
the
attainment
of
everlasting
Life
.
Grant
that
we
may
do
all
things
with
a
holy
mind
and
sincere
intention
in
obedience
unto
thy
holy
will
,
and
not
with
any
self-love
,
which
may
be
offensive
unto
thee
a
God
of
pure
eyes
,
who
canst
not
behold
the
least
iniquity
with
approbation
;
Grant
O
Lord
,
that
we
may
this
day
apply
our selves
to
the
doing
of
our
duty
,
according
to
our
several
relations
and
subordinations
within
this
Family
,
looking
still
up
unto
thee
as
the
foundation
of
all
power
,
and
under
whose
protection
we
can
onely
be
happy
.
We
know
O
Lord
,
that
dutys
perfunctorily
done
,
satisfie
the
world
but
not
thee
,
who
art
a
God
having
an
All-seeing
Eye
,
from
which
nothing
can
be
hid
,
and
who
hatest
eye-service
,
being
only
well
pleased
in
a
pure
heart
free
from
all
hypocrisie
.
We
beseech
thee
therefore
so
to
guid
all
our
actions
as
we
may
do
nothing
but
what
is
acceptable
in
thy
sight
,
and
that
our
demeanour
this
day
,
and
all
the
other
dayes
of
our
life
may
be
such
,
as
not
to
fill
up
our
measure
of
iniquity
and
sinfulnesse
,
against
the
Day
of
Iudgement
,
but
that
we
may
then
be
accepted
of
,
as
pure
and
holy
by
and
through
the
Merits
of
the
same
Iesus
Christ
,
by
whom
we
expect
our
eternal
happinesse
.
Evening
Prayer
for
a
Family
.
O
Lord
God
Creator
of
Heaven
and
Earth
,
the
preserver
and
Governour
of
all
things
that
have
a
being
.
We
thy
poor
Servants
of
this
family
laden
with
iniquity
implore
thy
mercy
unto
us
in
the
forgivenesse
of
our
sins
.
We
confesse
,
that
there
is
nothing
in
us
but
the
Seeds
of
impiety
which
daily
spring
up
and
generate
actual
sins
,
to
the
great
provocation
of
thee
our
most
gracious
God.
We
confesse
,
O
Lord
that
by
the
sin
and
disobedience
of
the
day
past
we
have
added
very
much
to
the
masse
of
our
transgressions
,
in
so
much
as
the
very
weight
of
them
may
presse
us
down
,
even
to
the
pit
of
Hell
,
to
our
everlasting
ruin
,
unlesse
it
shall
please
thee
to
shew
mercy
unto
us
.
O
Lord
,
thy
mercies
in
Iesus
Christ
are
abundant
,
and
sufficient
to
blot
out
,
not
onely
ours
,
but
all
the
sin
in
the
whole
World
;
Yet
thou
wilt
not
do
it
to
those
that
are
impenitent
.
We
therefore
in
his
Name
beseech
thee
to
give
us
humble
and
penitent
hearts
,
together
with
a
resolution
to
forbear
all
manner
of
sin
hereafter
,
as
a
thing
that
is
totally
opposite
to
thy
nature
,
and
therefore
must
become
the
destruction
of
all
such
persons
as
wallow
in
it
without
reluctation
.
We
are
fully
bent
,
O
Lord
,
to
delight
in
our
own
wayes
,
and
to
be
linked
in
Affection
with
the
things
of
this
World
,
which
is
enmity
against
thee
.
Cure
us
,
we
beseech
thee
,
of
this
destructive
malady
,
and
enflame
our
hearts
with
the
love
of
thee
,
which
is
so
precious
,
as
it
cannot
be
enjoyed
without
a
renunciation
of
our
wicked
selves
,
and
all
our
impious
wayes
.
Create
in
us
,
O
Lord
,
a
lively
Faith
,
whereby
we
may
lay
fast
hold
on
the
Merits
of
our
Blessed
Saviour
,
and
so
become
fully
justified
in
thy
sight
O
Lord
,
kindle
in
us
by
thy
Holy
Spirit
a
brotherly
affection
one
unto
another
,
so
as
we
may
be
wholly
disposed
to
do
good
,
and
not
to
delight
in
mischief
through
evil
will
and
envy
.
Lastly
,
we
beseech
thee
,
more
especially
,
to
remit
our
sins
of
the
day
past
,
and
so
to
blesse
us
this
Night
,
as
we
may
not
therein
fall
into
any
temptation
,
by
evil
thoughts
and
immaginations
,
or
otherwise
,
but
enjoy
quiet
and
seasonable
rest
,
to
the
refreshment
of
our
Bodies
and
Spirits
,
whereby
we
may
be
fitted
for
such
Services
as
the
day
following
shall
require
,
and
alwayes
retain
in
our
mind
the
fear
of
thee
,
restraining
us
from
all
manner
of
wickednesse
.
These
mercies
,
and
whatsoever
else
thou
knowest
to
be
necessary
for
us
,
we
beg
of
thee
,
for
thy
own
Mercies
sake
in
Iesus
Christ
thy
dearly
beloved
Son
,
in
whose
most
absolute
form
and
words
,
least
our
prayers
should
be
otherwise
defective
,
we
conclude
them
,
saying
,
Our
Father
which
art
in
Heaven
,
&c.
FINIS
.
Notes, typically marginal, from the original text
Notes for div A52447-e370
Eccl●s
.
7.
25.
Vxor
Ebr.
lib.
1.
cap.
9.
Mat.
19.
12.
1
Cor.
7.
34.
Ecclus.
16.
1.
1
Kings
1.
6.
Prov.
13.
24.
1
Sam.
●
.
13.
Mat.
11.
8.
1
Cor.
12.
23.